{"1": {"fulltext": "i\\nvv.\\n-i is;;;!(;,.}f^i Ur:r i\\n-J^i #1 ^i }b -i- l-\u00c2\u00bb r -A v;v -K/i\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2v^ :rr#^l!;?f i) fe\\n^^t*;^;;.;i^ -:\u00e2\u0080\u00a2l^;1;K;. ri 0if\\n^-*iiM;v", "height": "3611", "width": "2274", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a0gLJJ\\nail,\\nCopyright N^_\\nCOPYRIGHT DEPOSITS", "height": "3382", "width": "2206", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3382", "width": "2206", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "SIX DECADES IN TEXAS\\nOR\\nMEMOIRS\\nOF\\nFRANCIS RICHARD LUBBOCK\\nGOVERNOR OP TEXAS IN WAR-TIME, 1861-63\\nA^iPERSONAL EXPERIENCE IN BUSINESS, WAR, AND POLITICS\\nEDITED BY\\nC. W. RAINES\\nACTING STATE LIBRARIAN, AND ADTHOR OF A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TEXAS,\\nLIFE OF SANTA ANNA, ETC.\\nILLUSTRATED\\nwith\\nFULL PAGE ENGRAVINGS AND ETCHfNGS\\nAUSTIN\\nBEN C. JONES CO. PRINTERS\\n1900", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "TWO COPIES RECSIVEO,\\nLibrary of Congft^\\nOfflcb of thfi\\nAPR 5 -1900\\nKdtflttar of C\u00c2\u00abpyHght%\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a23^^\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2L^.?::\\n60059\\nEntered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1899, by\\nFRANCIS RICHARD LUBBOCK,\\nin the Office of the Librarian of Congress at Washington.\\nSECOND COPY,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "THIS VOLUME IS DEDICATED TO\\nTHE PEOPLE OF TEXAS,\\nWHOM I LOVE, AND WHOSE LOVE I HAVE\\nENDEAVORED TO MERIT BY\\nFAITHFUL SERVICE.\\nF. R. Lubbock.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR FRANCIS RICHARD LUBBOCK.\\n1862.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "AUTHOE S PREFACE.\\nThe man who has protested, from the writing of the first page\\nto the last, that he could not write a book, has writ a book;\\nand if there is anything of profit or pleasure in it for the people\\nof Texas, they must attribute it, first, to my devoted wife, and\\nsecond, to my able editor. The former tolled me along as a woman\\nknows how to toll a man until she got volumes of manuscript\\nfrom my memory dotted down by my rapid pen the latter culled\\nit to fill one volume of medium size.\\nIt does not claim to be a history of Texas, but a personal\\nmemoir interspersed with such public events as came into my\\nmind, and it extends over the entire life of the Kepublic and the\\nConfederacy, coming down in a more desultory way to the pres-\\nent time.\\nF. R. Lubbock.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "EDITOE S PEEFACE.\\nThe manuscript of Governor Lubbock s memoirs was in the\\nspring of 1897 placed in my charge to edit. Passing over a large\\namount of biographical and other interesting matter, I selected\\nthat only which in my judgment was most conducive to the ob-\\nject decided upon, viz., to give special prominence to Governor\\nLubbock s recollections of almost unwritten Texas history. The\\nstory of the final struggle of the Confederacy, with matters sub-\\nsequent thereto, are but subsidiary to this idea.\\nI must not omit to state that Mrs. Lubbock, feeling a just\\npride in her distinguished husband s career, has been the soul of\\nthe enterprise throughout, urging and encouraging him to com-\\nmit to paper the recollections of his eventful life, and giving me\\ninvaluable assistance up to the final arrangement and preparation\\nof the work for the press.\\nTo eliminate whatever errors that had crept into the manu-\\nscript (prepared principally from memory), I have given it my\\ncareful supervision; and I am, therefore, justly chargeable with\\nall inaccuracies apparent in the text as to public events.\\nAs the memoirs touch upon the great epochs of Texas history,\\nthe reader will naturally find much of descriptive matter per-\\ntaining to war and adventure, with a strong thread of politics\\npermeating the whole. The book makes no pretensions to graces\\nof style; it is simply a plain, unvarnished statement of facts and\\nfancies in sturdy English, with nothing extenuated nor aught\\nset down in malice.\\nAn intimate acquaintance with Governor Lubbock, acquired\\nduring my long sojourn beneath his hospitable roof, enables me\\nto refer with confidence to his present most noteworthy character-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "EDITOR S PREFACE.\\nistics, spriglitliness of mind and bod}^, habitual geniality, can-\\ndor, conscientiousness, and genuine kindliness of heart.\\nThe qualities that made him strong in his public career were\\nquickness of perception and tenacity of purpose, a rare combina-\\ntion, which he made effective by great energy in action.\\nIf all men knew Governor Lubbock as well as I do, they would\\nreadily comprehend how self had no place in his ambition, and\\nhow he always served his country with a singleness of purpose\\nrarely surpassed. The moral of such a life can not be questioned.\\nC. W. Raines.\\nAustin, February 22, 1900.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.\\nPORTRAITS AND AUTOGRAPHS.\\nAustin, S. F 38\\nHouston, Sam 74\\nSmith, Henry 113\\nHouston s Autograph 142\\nGovernor Lubbock and Mrs. Adele Baron Lubbock 330\\nMy Brothers and Sisters 25\\nMagruder, Gen. J. Bankhead, C. S. A 423\\nSmith, Commodore Leon, C. S. N 433\\nGreen, Gen. Tom 438\\nWharton, Gen. John A., C. S. A 538\\nDavis, Jefferson, Autograph 548\\nParty Captured vpith Mr. Davis 571\\nMr. Davis and Winnie 600\\nF. R. Lubbock 606\\nTreasury Group 619\\nIreland, Gov. John 623\\nFour Texas Governors 626\\nF. R. Lubbock and S. E. Black Porter 630\\nFamily Group 631\\nSan Jacinto Group 644\\nSCENERY.\\nRuins op the Alamo 30\\nCapitol of the Republic, 1837-9 49\\nRanch Homestead 123\\nFirst Capitol Built by the Republic 143\\nSecond Capitol Built by the Republic 196\\nPresent Capitol of Texas 628\\nCamel Riding 239\\nConfederate Cotton -Clad Fleet 440\\nSabine Pass Surrender Scene 504\\nOff for Red River Campaign 535\\nCrossing the Mississippi 549\\nOur Austin Residence 617\\nSection of the State Library 628", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER ONE.\\nEarly Life in South Carolina La Fayette s Visit to Beaufort\\nTraining under Irish Schoolmasters Removal to Savannah and\\nDeath of My Father Return to Charleston, and Clerk Life\\nThere Nullification and Compromise, 1832-33 Clerking and\\nCotton Buying in Hamburg 1-19\\nCHAPTER TWO.\\nBusiness in New Orleans The Firm of Ketchum Lubbock,\\nDruggists Marriage with a Creole Girl in the Crescent City\\nLouisiana Sugar Planters and Government Protection My\\nWife and I on a Visit to My Mother in July, 1835 Incidents\\nof Our Return Home Business Reverses and Recuperation\\nMy Brother Tom a Volunteer in the Texas War Visit to Texas\\nin 1836 Tom s Story of Adventure Favorable Impression of\\nTexas and the Texans 20-40\\nCHAPTER THREE.\\nRemoval to Texas Settlement in the New Town of Houston\\nOpening of Congress The Telegraph Newspaper Indian Pow-\\nwows Various Incidents San Jacinto Ball at the Capitol\\nCelebration at Liberty Lost and Benighted on the Prairie\\nFirst Purchase of Wild Land Assistant Clerkship in the House\\nof Representatives Joining the Masons Currency Meeting\\nAppointed Comptroller by President Houston The Philosoph-\\nical Society 41-70\\nCHAPTER FOUR.\\nWar Meeting in Houston General Albert Sidney Johnston Gen-\\neral Houston as the Author then Viewed Him Difficulty with\\nColonel Ward Visit to Mrs. Powell s Presidential Candi-\\ndates Anecdote of Rusk Preachers and Churches The Glor-\\nious Fourth at Galveston in 1838 The Bonnell Expedition\\nHouston s Administration; Its Work Lamar President My\\nExperience as a Granger 71-95^\\nCHAPTER FIVE.\\nOur French Naval Visitors in 1838 Festivities at Houston and\\nGalveston The Selection of Austin as the Capital of the Re-\\npublic In the Commission Business at Houston General\\nHouston and Bride Our Guests The Carvass of 1840-41 in", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nHarris County and ily.Election as Clerk of the District Court\\nThe Canvass for the Presidency of the Republic Between Bur-\\nnet and Houston and the Election of the Latter Henry Smith\\nDeclining to Be a Candidate for Vice-President, Ed Burleson\\nBecomes the Running Mate of Houston and Is Elected The\\nSanta Fe Expedition My Brother Tom a Lieutenant in the Ex-\\npedition Lamar s Work in the Cause of Education Expulsion\\nof the Cherokees from Texas Collapse of the Public Credit,\\nand the Beginning of Retrenchment 96-106\\nCHAPTER SIX.\\nSome Notable Alen of the Republic: W. H. Wharton, E. S. C.\\nRobertson, Edward Burleson, R. M. Williamson, Robert Wilson,\\nRichard Ellis, Henry Smith, Emory Raines, Dr. Alexander Ew-\\ning, Thomas F. McKinney, Sam ]\\\\I. Williams, and William L.\\nHunter 107-119\\nCHAPTER SEVEN.\\nMethod of Business in the Clerk s Office ;My Fondness for\\nHorses Purchase of a Ranch and Stocking It Removal to My\\nRanch in 1847 Our Neighbors Agricultural Work and Stock-\\nraising A Round-up Incidents in the Life of a Cowboy The\\nLaziest Man in Texas JNIy Negro Stockmen As a Cattle\\nBaron\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Cattle Trade Then and Now 120-140\\nCHAPTER EIGHT.\\nHonors to President-elect Houston En Route to the Capital His\\nInauguration and the Inaugural Ball Appointments by the\\nPresident\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Comptroller Again How Austin Then Appeared\\nResign the Comptrollership and Return to Houston The Work-\\nings of Retrenchment The Exchequer System in Finance The\\nVasquez Raid Called Session of Congress at Houston The\\nWoU Raid Volunteers The Somervell Expedition Dissen-\\nsions and Disaster at Mier The Texas Prisoners Congress at\\nWashington Depreciation of the Exchequers Seat of Govern-\\nment Troubles Complimentary Resolutions to President Hous-\\nton 141-156\\nCHAPTER NINE.\\nAnson Jones President His Policy Outlined in His Inaugural\\nAddress Discussion of Annexation Between Mr. Donelson and\\nSecretary Allen The Seat of Government Trouble Again\\nHouston on Annexation My Letter to President Jones Mex-\\nico Conditionally Acknowledges Independence of Texas Vari-\\nous Annexation Meetings Convention of 1845 The Republic\\nin Danger President Jones Vindicates Himself Annexation\\nConsummated The Closing Scene and the President s Farewell\\nAddress 157-178", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER TEN.\\nTexas in the Union Henderson Governor The Mexican War\\nTexans at IMonterey General Henderson and His Brigade\\nBen McCulloch and Buena Vista Hays and Walker with\\nScott Peace and Territorial Expansion Democratic Party Or-\\nganization The Glor ous Fourth at Austin in 1846 Educa-\\ntional Interests in Houston Henderson s Welcome Home His\\nCharacter 179-189\\nCHAPTER ELEVEN.\\nWood s Administration Federal Usurpation at Santa Fe The\\nPublic Debt Governor Bell Settlement of the Santa Fe Ques-\\ntion Seat of Government Election Texas Newspapers Scal-\\ning the Public Debt Whig Convention in 1852 Election of\\nPease as Governor over Ochiltree Education, Railroads, Public\\nBuildings Settlement of the Public Debt The Know-Nothing\\nParty The Organized Democracy in 1856 Know-Nothing\\nConvention at Austin Houston the Know-Nothing Leader in\\nTexas The National Canvass, and Personal Incidents 190-208\\nCHAPTER TWELVE.\\nWaco Convention and Its Nominees, Runnels and Lubbock vs.\\nHouston and Grimes Candidates for Congress Canvass for\\nthe State Ticket Reagan and Evans Difficulty Various Inci-\\ndents Complete Democratic Victory 209-222\\nCHAPTER THIRTEEN.\\nThe vSeventh Legislature Election of United States Senators\\nThe Inauguration and Addresses of Runnels and Lubbock\\nThe Message P^stablishment of the University of Texas Joint\\nResolutions Frontier Protection Debates and Debaters Res-\\nolutions in Memoriam Stockdale and Bob Taylor Incident\\nState Convention of 1858 Democratic Mourners Bench and\\nRepentant Sinners 223-235\\nCHAPTER FOURTEEN.\\nThe Ranch Again My Preparations for Raising Asiatic Poul-\\ntry The Various Breeds Kept Separate Some Pleasure, but\\nNo Profit to Me in the Business Government Importation of\\nCamels in 1856-57 A Private Cargo at Galveston A Year s\\nExperience with This Lot of Camels on My Ranch Items of\\nCamel Life Mrs. Looscan s Recollections of the Camels 236-242\\nCHAPTER FIFTEEN.\\nState Convention at Houston in 1859 The Platform Its Expan-\\nsion Plank Tabling of African Slave-Trade Resolutions The\\nNominees\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Congressional Conventions and Candidates Run-\\nnels and Lubbock vs. Houston and Clark Campaign Inci-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\ndents Election of United States Senator Houston Governor\\nFinancial Stress Frontier Troubles State Convention at Gal-\\nveston Resolutions The Delegates to Charleston 243-266\\nCHAPTER SIXTEEN.\\nNational Democratic Convention at Charleston Disagreement as\\nto Platform and Withdrawal of Southern Delegates The Con-\\nvention Fails to Make Nominations and Adjourns to Reassem-\\nble at Baltimore Withdrawing Delegates Meet and Organize\\nat Richmond Douglas Faction Reassemble at Baltimore Ir-\\nregular Proceedings Withdrawal of Northern Delegates\\nDouglas Nominated for President Adjournment The With-\\ndrawing Delegates Meet in Convention at Baltimore on the\\nAdjournment of the Douglas Convention and Adopt for a Plat-\\nform the Majority Report Made at Charleston Breckenridge\\nNominated for President by Delegates Representing a Majority\\nof the States Yancey s Speech Adjournment 267-294\\nCHAPTER SEVENTEEN.\\nAnti-Democratic Politics Constitutional Union Convention\\nBell Nominated Platform- Houston Announces as the Peo-\\nple s Candidate for President Lincoln and the Republican\\nParty The Feeling in Texas Over Lincoln s Election The Se-\\ncession Convention Texas Joins the Confederate States The\\nCommittee on Public Safety Failure of All Peace Overtures\\nfrom the South\u00e2\u0080\u0094 War Begins 295-313\\nCHAPTER EIGHTEEN.\\nUnion Element in Texas Frank Terry, Tom Lubbock, and Tom\\nGoree at the Front Compliments for Gallantry at Manassas\\nMilitary Operations in the State Shelling at Galveston Pro-\\ntest of Foreign Consuls to Captain Alden My Candidacy for\\nGovernor Dallas Convention Terry Rangers Trip to Rich-\\nmond and First Impressions of President Davis On My Way\\nHome I Saw Tom for the Last Time 314-328\\nCHAPTER NINETEEN.\\nLubbock s Administration Inauguration and Address Some\\nAppointees Message Extracts Personnel of the Ninth Legis-\\nlature Historic Buildings General Hebert and Coast Opera-\\ntions My Burning Letter My Veto Message Texan Forces\\nin the Field and Noted Texas Rangers 329-356\\nCHAPTER TW^ENTY.\\nThe Frontier Regiment ]\\\\Iilitia Organization Message on\\nUnited States Bonds The Military Board Letter to Me from\\nSecretary Benjamin Exchange of United States Bonds for\\nConfederate States Bonds Opinions of Wigfall, Hemphill,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nWaul, and Reagan My Keply to Secietary Benjamin The\\nBoard s Circular Address Arsenal, Cap and Cartridge Factory\\nat Austin War Legislation Colonel Baylor, Conquerer of\\nArizona President Davis on Retaliation The Twin Sisters\\nAttitude of Texas in the War Mason and Slidell Confederate\\nDisasters Coast Army Ordered to Arkansas 357-370\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-ONE.\\nArrival of Col. Tom Lubbock s Remains at Houston Funeral\\nObsequies Dearth of Arms General McLeod Memorial Ser-\\nvices at Galveston General Houston Col. 0. M. Roberts at\\nCamp Lubbock Austin Ladies Meet and Adopt Resolutions\\nof Sympathy for Their Sisters in New Orleans Blockaders Off\\nAransas and Velasco Galveston Threatened Flags of Truce\\nMartial Law General Hebert Preparing to Evacuate Galves-\\nton Conference of Governors at Llarshall Its Work and Re-\\nsults 377-395\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-TWO.\\nLetter from General Hebert General Sibley s Expedition to New\\nMexico El Paso March Up the Rio Grande Battle of Val-\\nverde Official Reports^Socorro and Albuquerque Occupa-\\ntion of Santa Fe Battle of Glorieta Retreat Peralto\\nTerrible March Across the Jornada Return to San Antonio\\nSibley s Final Report Reiley s Mission to Chihuahua 396-409\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-THREE.\\nBombardment of Corpus Christi General Bee s Report In-\\neffectual Shelling at Port Lavaca Evacuation of Galveston and\\nIts Occupation by the Yankees Letter from Me to General\\nHebert on the Situation Captain Henry S. Lubbock and the\\nBayou City Colonel Burrill, General Banks, and Military Gov-\\nernor A. J. Hamilton Our New Commander and His Plans\\nCorrespondence Preparations for Recapture of Galveston. .410-431\\nCHAPTER TWENTY- FOUR.\\nBattle of Galveston General Magruder Leads the Land Forces\\nin Person and Commodore Smith Commands the Cotton-Clads\\nA Glorious Victory Official Reports from Both Sides The\\nBlockade Raised General Magruder Congratulated by General\\nHouston and Others Naval Attack on Galveston The Ala-\\nbama The Hatteras Sunk Battle Off Sabine Pass and Con-\\nfederate Victory Magruder s Reports and Recommendations\\nResults of the Month s Campaign 432-462\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-FIVE.\\nExtra Session of the Legislature My Message in Part Lincoln s\\nEmancipation Proclamation and the Negro Question The\\nTexas Quota to the War The Frontier Regiment Yankee", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nPrisoners The Support of Families of Texas Soldiers\\nDomestic Manufactories Barbarities of the Enemy in Louis-\\niana and President Davis Policy of Retaliation Frontier De-\\nfense 463-484\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-SIX.\\nInspection of the Fortifications at Galveston Call for Ten Thou-\\nsand More Troops Want of Arms Fall of Vicksburg Procla-\\nmations to Encourage the People President Davis Letter to\\nGen. Kirby Smith Death of General Houston Gen. Kirby\\nSmith on the Situation Second Conference of Governors at\\nMarshall Indian Frontier Dick Dowling s Fight at Sabine\\nPass 485-509\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-SEVEN.\\nConsul TheroUj at Galveston^ and Governor Pickens, of South\\nCarolina Gen. E. Kirby Smith to IMinister Slidell in Paris on\\nFrench Intervention Maj. John Tyler s ]\\\\Iemorial to the Gov-\\nernor of Texas Governor Murrah My Last Official Message\\nand Address The Military Situation Commissioned as\\nLieutenant-Colonel in the Confederate States Army 510-527\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-EIGHT.\\nBanks Expedition to the Rio Grande Colonels Haynes and Davis\\nand Governor Hamilton My Assignment to Duty on Ma-\\ngruder s Staff Our Need of Arms Confronting the Enemy on\\nMatagorda Bay Baptism of Fire No French Intervention,\\nand Change of Base by the Enemy 528-533\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-NINE.\\nRace of Armies for Red River Field Transportation Trans-\\nferred to Gen. Tom Green s Staff Travel with Servant and\\nPack Mule to the Front On Death of General Green Assigned\\nto Duty on General Wharton s Staff Mansfield Pleasant\\nHill Yankee Retreat Monett s Ferry Alexandria Man-\\nsura Norwood Horrible Barbarities of the Enemy End of\\nCampaign Return Home with General Wharton Again at the\\nFront in Louisiana 534-547\\nCHAPTER THIRTY.\\nPresident Davis Appoints Me Aide on His Staff Affectionate\\nFarewell to My Comrades and Departure for Richmond Cross-\\ning the Mississippi at Night Arrival at the Confederate Capi-\\ntal Condition of Affairs There\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I Attend the President on His\\nVisit to Hood s Army Associates at Richmond Hard Times\\nThe Conference at Fortress Monroe Terms, Unconditional Sur-\\nrender Confederate Government Defiant Admiral Semmes\\nThe Ominous Pause 548-562", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-ONE.\\nEvacuation of Richmond Confederate Government at Danville\\nLee s Surrender President Davis and Staff at Greensboro\\nHalt at Charlotte Sherman-Johnston Negotiations Depart-\\nure Southward of the Presidential Party and Escort Last\\nCabinet Meeting Last Council of War Dissolution of the\\nGovernment at Washington, Ga. Mrs. Davis The President\\nand Party Captured Indignities My Letter Home Written\\nfrom Macon Augusta Reagan, Stephens, and Wheeler\\nFortress Monroe and Fort Delaware 563-577\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-TWO.\\nLife in Prison General Schoepff My Bare Quarters Hard\\nFare No Books but the Bible and Prayer Book No Letters\\nAllowed to Go Out or Come In A Ruse News Release\\nWashington City Interview with Secretary Stanton and Presi-\\ndent Johnson Return to Texas via Cairo and New Orleans\\nWelcome Home The Situation in Texas 578-594\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-THREE.\\nBeginning Life Anew Settlement of Debts Removal to Gal-\\nveston Beef Packery Heavy Losses Business Tour to\\nEurope With Ex-President Davis in Britain and France Re-\\nturn Home 595-603\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR.\\nReconstruction Restoration of White Supremacy Tax Col-\\nlector Ex-President Davis in Texas\u00e2\u0080\u0094 His Welcome at Dallas\\nA Candidate Again Troubles in Van Zandt County Demo-\\ncratic Ticket in 1878 Elected State Treasurer 604-616\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE.\\nRemoval to Austin The State Treasury Roberts, Sayers, and\\nthe Public Schools Dr. Cooper The University of Texas\\nAgricultural and Mechanical College Ireland Fence-Cut-\\nting Ross Prohibition Parsons Brigade Elkhorn Re-\\nunion Railroad Commission Hogg San Antonio Conven-\\ntion Wortham Treasurer My Retirement Ireland and the\\nGranite Capitol Davis Memorial Services 617-629\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-SIX.\\nFamily Matters My Present Wife, Sarah Elizabeth Black Lub-\\nbock Her Carolina Family Our Visit to South Carolina\\nHospitable Reception A Pleasant Sojourn Atlanta South-\\nern Prosperity 630-637", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-SEVEN.\\nPenitentiary Board and Board of Pardons Hogg s Re-election\\nHis Impress on Texas Legislation Sherman and Burnet Monu-\\nment Confederate Reunion and Winnie Davis Culberson\\nChilton Primary Election Omaha Excursion Galveston\\nConvention Platform on Expansion Sayers Administration\\nExecutive Appointments ^A Year s Work My Adieu 038-643\\nAPPENDIX.\\nTexas Poets Tribute 645-649\\nSpeech on Jeff Davis 650-667\\nMilitary Board 667-670\\nManufacture of Goods at State Penitentiary in 1801-2-3 071-073\\nInteresting Historical Document 673-676", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "THE MEMOIRS\\nOF\\nFRANCIS RICHARD LUBBOCK.\\nCHAPTEE ONE.\\nEarly Life in South Carolina^La Fayette s Visit to Beaufort Training\\nUnder Irish Schoolmasters Removal to Savannah and Death of My\\nFather Return to Charleston, and Clerk Life there Nullification\\nand Compromise, 1832-33 Clerking and Cotton Buying in Ham-\\nburg.\\nMy bark has a long time breasted the restless sea of life, and\\nnow that it is approaching the port I feel that my voyage has\\nnot been profitless. While I may have accomplished but little\\nfor the general good in proportion to my desires, I have been an\\nactive worker, endeavoring to serve my country faithfully. I\\nmay even venture to say, that according to my means and abil-\\nity I have contributed liberally to the comfort and well-being of\\nmy fellovvmen. I might have done the work more wisely, more\\nas the Judge of all the world would approve, but not more zeal-\\nously, if I had only put as much thought on the Christian re-\\nligion as I have recently.\\nI was born in the town of Beaufort, on the coast of South\\nCarolina, October 16, 1815. My father, Dr. Henry Thomas Wil-\\nlis Lubbock, was the son of Capt. Richard Lubbock. My mother,\\nSusan Ann, was the daughter of Capt. Francis Saltus, all citi-\\nzens and residents of Beaufort district, South Carolina. Both\\ngrandparents were English. My grandfather Saltus was a rich\\ncotton planter. On both sides, maternal and paternal, my fam-\\nily were engaged in marine and mercantile pursuits. Captain\\nSaltus was a shipowner and wharfholder in Charleston, and with\\nhis sons carried on an extensive hardware and ship chandlery\\nbusiness in that city. T was quite a favorite of his, and he was\\nso jolly and:good to me that I loved him very dearly. He died in", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\n1833, leaving my mother a fine home in Charleston. He came\\nto South Carolina in tlie last decade of the eighteenth century.\\nCapt. Kichard Lubbock settled in Georgia about the same\\ntime. He was an elegant old gentleman, and social in his habits\\nand full of fun and frolic. His death occurred at Hamburg,\\nS. C, I think about 1824. His wife, my grandmother, was\\nDiana Sophie Sandwich, of English descent. She survived my\\ngrandfather till the year 1833, bequeathing at her decease a few\\nthousand dollars to my mother s family. The masonic fraternity,\\nof which my grandfather was an honored member, erected to\\nhis memory a monument on Shultze s Hill, Hamburg. My\\nmother was a native of South Carolina, but my father was born\\nin Georgia. He finished his literary course at Oxford, England,\\nand then was graduated in medicine at the Medical College of\\nPennsylvania, at Philadelphia. He practiced his profession a\\nshort time in Beaufort and vicinity. During this period, in\\n1811, my parents were married. A daughter was born to them\\nin 1813, and I was the second child, named Francis Eichard, for\\nmy two grandfathers. Soon after my birth the family removed\\nto Charleston.\\nAfter making Charleston his home my father became inter-\\nested in steamboating. He commanded the first steamboat, the\\nCommerce, that ever made a through trip from Charleston to\\nAugusta. Henry Shultze (the founder of the town of Hamburg,\\nin South Carolina, immediately opposite Augusta, Ga.), and\\nothers were copartners in this enterprise.\\nAt the age of three years I was sent to an infant school ad-\\njoining our residence, at the foot of Church street, on South\\nBay, Charleston. I presume it was to keep me out of mischief, as\\nthey said I was very naughty, and my mother, in delicate health,\\nhad two other children to claim her attention. Aunt Yates, as\\nI called her, was the teacher who exercised her ingenuity to keep\\nmy superabundant energy moving along in the right direction.\\nI remember she would get me to thread needles for her accom-\\nmodation out of school hours. Our fondness for her kept us\\naround, and lulled the restless demons within us into quietude.\\nOur mothers would get a benefit only occasionally of our exuber-\\nant spirits and reckless efforts. I remember a special occasion\\nwhen my mother must have been terribly shocked by the result", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nof one of jny adventures. We were spending Sunday at my\\ngrandfather s city residence, several blocks from ours, at the\\nhead of his wharves, knov/n as the Saltus wharves. I had a\\ngreat fondness for boats, and owned a fine miniature schooner\\nwhich I often sailed here. My mother, observing that I had\\nlugged my boat with me, forbade me to take her out of the house\\nor go near the wharf, as it was Sunday. Wearying of the con-\\nfinement, I disobeyed, and taking my little beauty, I repaired to\\nthe water side and there began sailing her, the plan being to\\nstart my boat from one side of the wharf by getting into a\\nyawl and steering her across the dock to another yawl. Then,\\nresetting the sails, I would turn her back to the point of starting.\\nAfter making several trips, my boat was about to pass the land-\\ning place; to prevent this, I jumped hastily into the yawl, which\\ncareened as I leaned forward to seize my boat, and I fell over-\\nboard. I was sinking for the third time, when a seaman who had\\njust landed from his vessel, observing me, sprang into the yawl,\\nand seizing me by my leather cap (that fitted very close to my\\nhead, and was fastened by a strap under my chin), drew me from\\nthe water in an unconscious state. He took me in his arms to\\nmy grandfather s house, where I was laid down on the floor. It\\n,was then discovered whom the stranger had rescued from a\\nwatery grave. With much difficulty I was restored to life and\\nconsciousness.\\nIt is said that truth is stranger than fiction. The man who\\nsaved my life was Capt. William Young, a nephew of my grand-\\nfather s. He had just landed one of my grandfather s vessels,\\nwhich he commanded, and my kinsman had no idea whom he\\nhad rescued till he arrived at the house bearing his cousin in his\\narms, a truant, drowned boy.\\nFor several weeks I was quite sick from the effects of the\\nsalt water, and though finally restored to robust health, I was\\nvery restless at night, dreaming continually that I was drowning.\\nProvidence seems to have guided me all along the line, giv-\\ning me this very severe lesson and punishment for disobedience\\nand Sabbath-breaking, one perceptible to a child not yet seven\\nyears of age. I have learned since then that a more severe pun-\\nishment in its results is Sabbath-breaking that gives us pleasure\\nat the time and entirely unattended by outward mishaps for", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthat hardens us in the evil habit with all its serious conse-\\nquences.\\nIt was next decided to send me off to a boarding school. I\\nsuppose, as I was considered man enough to launch my boat in\\na harbor of the broad Atlantic, it was a very proper decision on\\nthe part of my parents, though I was of such a tender age. I\\nwas placed under the tuition of an Irish schoolmaster, Patrick\\nBrett, and boarded with his family at Edgefield. He subse-\\nquently removed to Beaufort, taking me with him.\\nI have sometimes said that all I knew in school books was\\nbeaten into me by an Irish schoolmaster. Most certainly I made\\nrapid progress in my studies under his tuition; for he was a\\nmost excellent instructor, and a man of fine presence, though a\\nsevere master. He believed in flogging, and being a man of\\nstrong passions, sometimes appeared cruel. His wife, a lovely\\nwoman, was very kind and helpful to the children.\\nIrritated one day by the loss of his favorite whip, which I\\nwas instrumental with some other boys in having destroyed,\\nBrett said after finding out the guilty ones that he would flog us\\nall. But later he promised to let me off if I would buy him an-\\nother whip like the one destroyed. Though I bought the whip,\\ngiving $1.25 out of my pocket money, I was flogged unmerci-\\nfully, like the other older participants in the mischief. This\\nflagrant bad faith on the part of the teacher shocked the moral\\nsense of the whole school and caused considerable indignation.\\nAs soon as my father heard of the affair he came to Beaufort,\\ngiving Mr. Brett a piece of his mind while in hot temper; not\\nthat anybody ever thought of objecting to flogging that was\\ngood for such boys as they sent off to boarding school; but it\\nmust be done fairly and squarely. He took me away from this\\nschool and placed me with Mrs. Agnew, a first-class lady of a\\ncultured family, to attend Beaufort College. Eev. Mr. Camp-\\nbell was principal, with authority to flog me when I needed it.\\nAt this school I began Latin, which was continued through\\nmy school days; but not an intelligent word of it would linger\\nin my memory. By my experience, however, as a clerk of the\\ncourt, a venire, habeas corpus, amicus curiae, and so\\nforth, were made familiar to me at that time. But I suppose it\\nserved its purpose, trained my mind a little, and kept me out", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nof mischief while I was at it. I got up a little enthusiasm in\\nmy studies at Brett s, there being nothing else to occupy my\\nmind. But at Mrs. Agnew s I sought other sources of activity.\\nI was not a studious boy, nor was I a cherry-tree George\\nWashington boy either; so becoming disgusted with my books,\\nI determined to go on a pleasure trip. I walked fourteen miles,\\ncrossing Port PoA^al ferry. Arriving at my grandfathers planta-\\ntion, I said to him that hearing he was ill I came out to see\\nhim. He patted me on the head, and complimented me for being\\na brave and good boy. He was, however, much annoyed, because\\nhe was just leaving for his summer residence. He was of course\\nentirely Avell, and had not been sick. He started with his good\\ngrandson, regretting that I would lose a few days from school,\\nthe very thing I visited him for. My behavior was very ugly\\nand unjustiliable, and this time I was checked up. He had pro-\\nceeded but a short distance when Dr. Fuller in his carriage,\\ngoing to Beaufort, met us. My dear old grandfather, after ex-\\nplaining my goodness in coming to see him, and his dislike to\\nmy losing a day from school, requested him to deliver me at\\nBeaufort^ which was done. Next morning I reported, and re-\\nceived a sound thrashing for absenting myself without leave.\\nThey did not spend sentiment, but thrashed a boy in those\\ndays probably too often. But I sometimes think a great deal\\nmore thrashing now would be beneficial in some schools.\\nIn 1824, while I was in Beaufort, about nine years of age.\\nGeneral La Fayette visited the United States. He made the\\nvoyage from Charleston to Augusta on my father s elegant steam-\\nboat, the Henry Sehultze. My father himself commanded her\\non that trip. He was an aid to the Governor of the State, James\\nHamilton, subsequently a great friend to Texas. On that oc-\\ncasion General La Fayette presented him with a fine gold snufE\\nbox, now in the possession of my niece, Adele Lockart Sayers,\\nof Gonzales. In consequence of the steamer s running aground\\nwhen near the town, she was detained till after night. A pro-\\ncession was formed to receive our distinguished guest. I was\\nin the line, carrying a sperm candle in each hand. That night,\\nat the ball at ]\\\\frs. Elliott s, I had the honor of being presented\\nto the illustrious general, and complimented by him for my\\nmanliness and patriotism.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nA startling accident occurred that evening amidst our pleas-\\nure. Captain Agnew, adjutant of the regiment acting as the es-\\ncort, was riding very rapidly on his spirited horse, with orders\\nconcerning the reception. In turning a corner of one of the\\nstreets he collided with a heavy gig driven by a boy, and con-\\ntaining two ladies going to the ball. They also were driving\\nrapidly. One of the shafts with a sharp point entered the lower\\npart of the neck of Agnew s horse, and also made a fearful wound\\nin the thigh of the rider. He and his horse were borne off\\nbleeding. Careful nursing and attention for many months\\nfinally restored the captain to perfect health. He lived with his\\nmother, the lady with whom I boarded. The horse, too, after\\na time was all right. He was from that night called La Fayette.\\nHe was a beautiful bright bay with a black mane and tail, and\\nan elegant saddle animal. After that I enjoyed many a good\\nride upon his back, for I was allowed the privilege of riding the\\nfamily horses.\\nThrough all these years Beaufort has been one of the pleas-\\nures of memory. At the time of La Fayette s visit I fairly ef-\\nfervesced with delightful enthusiasm. It was a holiday for every-\\nbody. Our guest was a hero. He came in my father s boat and\\nI took great pride in the Henry Shultze. Steamboats were not\\ncommon things in those days as they are now. My pleasure was\\ntoned down soon by the fact that the very next trip after she took\\nLa Fayette to Augusta, via Beaufort, a fire broke out on the\\nsteamer while lying at the Augusta wharf. She had a large quan-\\ntity of powder on board, so that the fire department were warned\\nnot to approach too near. The boat was soon blown up, scat-\\ntering her cargo and portions of the wreck far and wide. The\\ncarpenter, Jim Porter, a free colored man, for whom my father\\nwas guardian and with whom I was intimately friendly, carried\\nwith him on the boat a fine fowl of the best game blood. This\\ncock was a passenger, and soon became quite as famous in our\\nsection as La Fayette was illustrious on a wider stage. He was\\nblown high up into the air; the boat went down to her wheel-\\nhouse. The bird, on coming down, lighted on one of them,\\ncrowed though nearly featherless and appeared ready to fight\\nthe foe that had so rudely driven from his quarters his eockship.\\nHe was cared for as a great hero, and exhibited as the brave", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ngamecock def3 iDg the powder, to the admiration of hundreds of\\nmen and boys. Although 1 never fought them, even when it\\nwas fashionable for gentlemen to do so, I always liked game\\nchickens for their great pluck and beauty. It is said that a\\ngamecock is the bravest thing in the world. If a bird ever runs\\nfrom cold steel he has dunghill in him.\\nI was always fond of riding horses. My earliest recollection\\ntells me of visiting a menagerie, and while many of the small\\nboys were afraid, I just insisted that I should ride upon the\\ngiraffe or camelopard. My father, who was with me, indulged\\nmy whim, of course taking care I was not hurt. Afterwards I\\nnever was afraid to ride anything.\\nI vividly remember the first fall I ever had from a horse. It\\noccurred in Beaufort, and was the first of many more, though I\\nnever was thrown by a horse except once. Mrs. Agnew had a\\nvery large old cream-colored horse that she drove to her gig; she\\nallowed me to ride him to water, and sometimes for pleasure.\\nOnce I fell in with some l)oy friends, and we concluded to have\\na race. In making the run, while bearing hard and steadily on\\nthe reins, they broke, and over the old horse s rump I went,\\nstriking the ground on my head. Luckily we were at the time\\nin very deep sand; so the only harm that came of it was a good\\nhard fall and very dusty clothes. Of course I was chagrined\\nat losing the race and having a fall, but the blame was placed to\\nthe mean, no-account bridle, and not to any fault in my horse-\\nmanship. This I, at least, considered unsurpassed by any boy\\nof my age, and my companions also recognized me as a good\\nmanager of a horse and a fearless rider even at that time.\\nAs much as I love horses, I do not like dogs. At this period\\nbegan my antipathy. A short distance from the town a par-\\nticular friend of my father s. Dr. West, lived. I was spending\\nSunday with his boys. We, the boys, got through our dinner\\nand were told we could go out and play and return for dessert.\\nWhen called by the servant-man, we rushed for the house. Up\\non the piazza an immense dog, without any warning not even\\na growl seized me by the left arm and actually threw me out\\nupon the ground. Upon being picked up I was found to be\\nvery badly bitten: one of the main arteries of my arm was sev-\\nered. The doctor took it up, and I was sent to town as soon", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nas possible. The dog was immediately dispatched; the theory\\nin those days being that if the dog should ever have hydro-\\nphobia in the future the party bitten would go mad.\\nMy wound was considered dangerous by the physicians, and\\nat one time a consultation was held as to the necessity of ampu-\\ntation. My father came and protested; he was a surgeon, and\\nbelieved if they would persevere m)^ arm could be saved and\\nthe danger of blood-poisoning avoided. It was finally cured up\\nand with no bad result, though marks made by the teeth of the\\ndog are still distinct after more than half a century. This was\\none thing that was not all fun.\\nAnother visit to a boy friend proved serious to all except my-\\nself. On this occasion several of us Sam Lawrence, two Bowles\\nboys, and myself concluded we would prepare fireworks for the\\nFourth of July celebration. We took possession of an old family\\ncarriage of Mr. Lawrence that had been abandoned to prepare\\nour work. The composition was placed in it, and one of the\\nboys determined to test his preparation on the inside where we\\nwere. I protested and begged him to get away with his fire;\\nthat he would blow us all up. It flashed upon me that he was\\nvoid of sense and did not see the danger. I made a desperate\\nplunge to get out, and in doing so struck my head against the\\nrail of the door which, fortunately being rotten, gave way and\\nprecipitated me to the ground. At the very moment I escaped\\nfrom the carriage with a bruised head and a hard fall, all the\\ncomposition and dry powder within it exploded, burning Law-\\nrence and the Bowles very seriously. One of the latter came\\nvery near losing his eyes, and was for months confined to the\\nhouse. The other was also much injured. It broke up our\\nFourth of July celebration that time. Thus quickness always\\nserved me.\\nI had a royal time in my school days in the good old town of\\nBeaufort, where so many of the wisest and best people of South\\nCarolina lived, and so many friends of my childhood. Among\\nthem was dear cousin Ann Bythewood, afterwards Mrs. Oswald.\\nShe was cousin only in affection. Nearly every Sunday, and\\nfrequently Saturdays, I would spend the day with her family.\\nThey bestowed every care upon me, and were as kind and con-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsiderate of my little wants and comforts as my mother could\\nhave been.\\nIt almost appears as if I have not been telling about school\\nlife, but about a pleasure sojourn among friends. Well, school\\ndid not weigh heavily upon me, but even now, when I am doing\\nthe responsible work of a man, I have time for social pleasure;\\nand I can spend an evening out and be at my desk next morning\\nready for good work. The truth is, I think it helps a man to\\ntake recreation; far more does it help a boy, and maybe I did\\nmy school work about as well as such a bundle of rollicking\\nactivitj would have done it under any circumstances.\\nAmong the various things I experienced at Beaufort were the\\nchills and fever, contracted in Edgefield district. This was con-\\nsidered as a matter of course in one s life in some sections; but\\nI think it was on this account that T was taken home to be put\\nunder treatment.\\nHere I was placed in the South Carolina Society School. This\\ninstitution was owned and managed by a very old society com-\\nposed of intelligent and prominent citizens, and was attended\\nonly by members children. While I was there Mr. Monk, an\\nIrish gentleman, was my teacher. He was a first-class educator,\\nand although like all Irish teachers (at least that s the way it\\nseemed to me), somewhat arbitrary, was on the whole an ex-\\ncellent man, and I esteemed him very highly. For a time my\\nbrother Tom attended this school with me. He and I were con-\\nsidered wild, mischievous boys; not vicious, but just full of\\nfun and devilment. We would play pranks trip folks up, tie\\ncats to door knockers, tin pans to dogs tails, remove sign boards,\\nfight schoolmasters, and such little pastimes.\\nMy overflowing spirits found vent frequently in the company\\nof girls. My sister Sarah, two years older than myself, attended\\ndancing school, girls parties, and other amusements for the\\nyoung. She was a lovely and beautiful girl. I was very fond\\nof her, and she was fond of her eldest brother and proud of him\\nas a chaperon. She took me to the tailor and had me dressed\\nup in swallow-tail coat and brass buttons, pumps and stock, like\\na little man, preparatory to going to dancing lessons. This gave\\nme a fondness for the girls and that kind of pleasure.\\n]\\\\Iy sister became a beautiful young woman, and was recog-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "10 LUBBOCK 8 MEMOIRS.\\nnized as a great belle. She was married quite young to Capt.\\nJames Curr}^, of Savannah, Ga., just after my father s death.\\nThey resided in Charleston. Captain Curry died soon after the\\nbirth of their second son, my sister following him very soon,\\nit was said, of a broken heart. This son, Walter Curry, made a\\nsplendid young man. As I grieved for his mother, so I did for\\nhis early death, which I will speak of at the proper place.\\nI attended a Sunday school as well as a dancing school and a\\nday school. My religious training was not overlooked. My\\nmother was a Baptist, my father an Episcopalian. In such cases\\nthe mother usually is authority, and she sent me to the Baptist\\nchurch. The Rev. Eichard Furman, a grand old man, was the\\npastor, and subsequently the Eev. Basil Manly, a very popular\\nminister. I was a regular Sunday school boy and enjoyed it with\\nmy sister and my sweetheart; for I had a sweetheart from my\\ninfancy. The truth is, the school time of my life was full of\\npleasure as well as profit. My family were in good circumstances\\nand my father a good provider, and we enjoyed it.\\nAnd now comes my last school year, just before I entered my\\nteens. It was in Savannah, Ga., where my father moved his fam-\\nily early in 1828. Again my teacher was a native of the Emerald\\nIsle, rt would seem that everything I was to learn was to be\\nfrom the Irish. I don t know whether my father thought they\\nwere the best educated or the most accomplished floggers. They\\ncertainly had the combination. Walsh was a good teacher and a\\nsplendid specimen of manhood. I suppose about that time some\\nof their best men, being dissatisfied with affairs in their own\\ncountry, were coming to our Republic. I wonder if my fondness\\nfor the Irish was acquired by early associations. Maybe so, for\\nI never cherished any ill-feeling, and I do like the impulsive,\\nopen-hearted character of that people. My sympathies have al-\\nways been with them, and I am for home rule in Ireland as well\\nas in America.\\nMy father s move to Savannah I suppose was influenced by\\nhis losses on his steamboats. There was no insurance on the\\nHenry Shultze, and the Macon, which they built afterward in\\nPhiladelphia, was a very costly boat and expensive to run. He,\\nwith the hope of recovering from his pecuniary disaster, rented\\nthe City Hotel, the principal one of the place at that time.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 11\\nAlthough my mother had her suite of rooms and lived at\\nease with the children apart from the bustle of the hotel, my\\nfather kept me busy out of school hours assisting him in his ac-\\ncounts and other things I could attend to intelligently. Here\\nwas the beginning of my business education, so that when I was\\nleft an orphan boy at the head of a helpless family at the end of\\na year I felt considerable confidence in my business capacity.\\nMy father died of country fever while he was preparing for a\\ntrip to England to look after an estate to which he was entitled.\\nHe was just thirty-seven years old.\\nHappily he left us with a large and valuable home in Charles-\\nton, near the Battery, to which we at once returned, with a small\\nincome and a large family, two daughters and five sons Sarah\\nSophia, Ann Bythewood, Francis Richard, Thomas Saltus, Wil-\\nliam Martin, Henry Shultze, and John Bell.\\n1 was old beyond my years in worldly experiences, and realized\\nat once the difference between Frank Lubbock with a father and\\nFrank Lubbock without a father.\\nThough never studious, I was called smart, active, and indus-\\ntrious. I could keep accounts and had a very general idea of busi-\\nness; so I decided with a quick, firm resolve to attend school no\\nmore and at once to seek work. In this way I could relieve my\\nmother of supporting me and possibly aid her.\\nAn opportunity offered to enter the hardware establishment\\nof Mr. James H. Merritt, an Englishman of very austere mien,\\nand with very arbitrary business rules. My grandfather Saltus\\nprotested against my going to him, saying, With your positive\\nand independent manner and quick temper, together with his\\narbitrary conduct and real meanness to his employees, for I\\nknow him, you will not remain with him a month, and it will\\nhave the effect of injuring you. Do not go there; wait awhile.\\nBut I was not one of the waiting kind. No other opening being\\nin sight, I accepted the place, beginning work at $12.50 per\\nmonth not much, to be sure; but it helped to move along.\\nAs my grandfather had told me, it was rough sailing from the\\nstart. I found my employer unreasonably exacting, very severe,\\nand at times cruel to the negroes in his service. He would lec-\\nture me, and then, when T would stand no more, he would com-\\npliment me and raise my salary. To show how exacting he was", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "12 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nat times, should I, as I did sometimes, dress up at dinner, so I\\ncould go directly from the store in the evening to one of my en-\\ngagements (I belonged to several organizations, social, military,\\nand political), just so sure would he have something special and\\nmean for me to do, such as polishing up rusty saws, knives, and\\ncarpenters tools. I learned, however, to manage this matter.\\nI took care, when I desired to leave early, to wear my store\\nclothes, and to appear entirely indifferent as to the time of quit-\\nting work.\\nHowever, I had said to my grandfather and others in the be-\\nginning, I will stick, and stick I did. I remained in this\\nemployment three years, instead of one month, as predicted.\\nWhen I took the position with Merritt, a very dear friend of\\nmine, Mr. David L. Adams, a large cotton merchant, cautioned\\nme about the wild boys with whom I would come in contact,\\ncounseling me to avoid card-playing, ardent spirits, and tobacco,\\nsaying, I have tried all of these; they are useless, and injure\\none mentally and bodily. He did not caution me against the\\ngirls. I was verj social and visited constantly, being very fond\\nof them. In most families there was a sideboard in the house,\\non which liquors, wines, and cordials were offered me guests.\\nI persistently refused to indulge, and up to the time of my\\nlanding upon Texas soil I never partook of ardent spirits, and\\nup to this good hour I have never had a piece of tobacco or cigar\\nin my mouth.\\nI have always been thankful for friendly advice, and one of\\nthe causes of my success in life has been that I have so often fol-\\nlowed it. I tried to be careful of my conduct. I lived with my\\nmother; she was always in delicate health, and in addition was\\nso near-sighted that she could not recognize her own children\\nbeyond a few feet. Thus there was the more responsibility rest-\\ning upon me, and the greater reason for circumspection.\\nBut, impulsive and excitable, sometimes I had on too much\\nsteam and ran off the track. Just about the beginning of my\\nclerk life I was involved in a foolish affair that was kept quiet\\nat the time. In the face of my own hasty action, Providence\\nseemed to have spared us from what came near being a sad oc-\\ncurrence to many. My brother Tom was attending the South\\nCarolina Society School. W. D. Porter was his teacher, an ad-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 13\\nmirable j^oung man, afterward rising to considerable distinction\\nin the State. He concluded it was necessary to chastise Tom.\\nTom was very stout for his age, about twelve years, and one of\\nthe most stubbornly brave and plucky boys I ever knew. Porter\\nworsted him on the occasion spoken of after a hard tussle. Tom\\nrefused to return to the school, and after a recital of his wrongs,\\nwe determined to whip Porter.\\nThe latter frequently walked at night upon the Battery. He\\nlived, as we did, in the vicinity of this lovely spot. We took the\\nopportunity when no one was near, and made the attack. We\\nwere fierce, and while he was very strong, we punished him quite\\nseverely. In the conflict we bore him back to the rail of the\\nBattery wall, the water of the L cean lashing the wall and the\\nspray beating over as in a gale. He was about to topple over\\ninto the sea, when, with our strength exerted to the utmost, we\\ndrew him back.\\nSomewhat alarmed, we left him about where we found him,\\na badly used up pedagogue, with his fine clothing nearly ruined.\\nTom, of course, never returned to the school, and the affair was\\nat an end and hushed iip. Our families were intimate friends,\\nand some family connection existed. Two boys learned a better\\nlesson the time they whipped a schoolmaster than they ever\\nlearned when the schoolmaster whipped them.\\nI remember as it were yesterday an affair between Mr. Walsh\\nof Savannah and Tom Lubbock. He punished with his ruler\\nvery freely on the hands, sometimes so severely that the boy\\ncould scarce use them for days. Tom, called up to receive pun-\\nishment in that way, determined to make a passive resistance.\\nHe walked up with his hands in his pockets, and positively re-\\nfused to take them out, whereupon Mr. Walsh undertook to\\ntake them out himself. Tom s pants were of good material, his\\npockets deep, his muscle fine, his courage and endurance unsur-\\npassed. He was tossed almost to the ceiling, buffeted about,\\nand severely handled, all to no purpose. The strong man puffed,\\nwhile the school, indorsing in their hearts the bold protest made\\nagainst the common enemy, watched with admiration the boy s\\npluck, and were elated when he came off conqueror, for his hands\\nwere never drawn from his pockets. After this the ruler was", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "14 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nnot* so frequently in demand. It may be that a schoolmaster\\nlearned something on this occasion.\\nThe Nullification excitement arose very high in South Caro-\\nlina during the year 1832. General Scott came down as a pacifi-\\ncator, and succeeded admirably in that role. But the influence\\nof Virginia really saved the Union at this time. Grand old Vir-\\nginia exercised a more potent influence in that respect than\\nScott or even Clay. South Carolina voluntarily rescinded her\\nOrdinance of Nullification, and the Civil War was staved off\\nnearly three decades.\\nSouth Carolina in November, 1832, passed her famous Nulli-\\nfication Ordinance, making null and void within her limits the\\noppressive Federal law of 1828. -As President Jackson declared\\nby his proclamation his intention to execute the law at Charles-\\nton at all hazards, and sent General Scott down to look after\\nthe forts in Charleston harbor, war appeared imminent. But\\nVirginia came forward as a peacemaker. Her Legislature, late\\nin January, 1833, passed resolutions recommending that South\\nCarolina repeal her Nullification Ordinance and that Congress\\nmitigate the ofl^ensive tariff law, and sent as a peace commis-\\nsioner Hon. Ben Watkins Leigh to Charleston. Mr. Leigh did\\nhis part well in counseling moderation and mutual concession.\\nCongress early in March passed Mr. Clay s compromise bill\\nlowering the high tariff and South Carolina a week or two later\\nrepealed the Ordinance of Nullification. That there was not a\\ncollision of forces was not due to any lack of bluster on the\\npart of Jackson, but rather to the moderation of General Scott,\\nto the patriotism of the Virginia commissioner, Leigh, and to\\nthe conciliatory policy of Henry Clay.\\nOnce during the great political struggle between the Union\\nmen and Nullifiers the two parties were out m procession at\\nnight. In passing each other something of a collision occurred,\\nMr. James Adger, of the Union party, was struck. He was a\\nvery elegant gentleman, a large hardware merchant, and next\\ndoor to Mr. Merritt. My employer was called upon about it,\\nand an attempt made by some parties to convict me of the act.\\nCircumstances sometimes combine to hold a boy up to unjust\\ncriticism, and even condemnation, when he is innocent of wrong-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 15\\ndoing, as T was in this instance. I was honorably exculpated,\\nand retained the confidence of my employer and friends.\\nThis 5 ear, 1832, was a period of great political excitement. I\\ntook eager interest in the issues pending, attended all the po-\\nlitical gatherings, and listened to speeches by many of the dis-\\ntinguished men of South Carolina then engaged in the great\\nState s rights struggle. At one time or another during my\\nCharleston life, I heard Hayne, McDuffie, Turnbull, Hamilton,\\nPinckney, and Calhoun speak.\\nThere was a Young Men s State s Eights Association, formed\\nof young men from eighteen to twenty-one years. I was only\\nseventeen, and I am proud to say that the constitution was\\nchanged that I might be received as a member, and I was im-\\nmediately made secretary of the organization. That was the\\nperiod that fixed my political belief and made of me a State s\\nEights Democrat, from which faith I have never wavered to this\\ngood day. I was also a sergeant in an artillery company. I had\\npreviously had some military aspirations, and received through\\nGeneral Hamilton, one of my father s strong friends, an ap-\\npointment to a cadetship at West Point. But on due reflection\\nand consultation with the family, I felt constrained to decline\\nthe honor. What influence on my subsequent career the ac-\\nceptance of this appointment might have had I can not now\\nconjecture. It is certain, however, from my principles, that I\\nwould have sided with my native State in any conflict with the\\nFederal Government.\\nMy clerk life was one of great labor and activity, and each\\nday after my duties were performed at the store, I was kept\\nbusy with my military company, political organization, and\\nsocial duties. My afternoon holidays were few and far between.\\nThen I had a horse or a boat. My sweetheart had a share of my\\nattention. As she lived a long way from my home, and I had\\nbeen on my feet all day, I rigged up a novel mode of transporta-\\ntion. I could not afford a riding-horse, and, sorrowful to think\\nof, there were no street cars and no bicycles. What a love of a\\nthing, to use a lad5 s expression, is a bicycle. I almost feel like\\ntrying one now. Then what a halo of glory it would have shed\\naround my boy life in the city, with my girl more than a mile\\naway! But love laughs at difficulties, and the fellow that swam", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "16 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe Hellespont would be no greater hero than I if I had some\\ngreat poet to make rhymes about how Francis Kichard sur-\\nmounted obstacles to get a smile from pretty brown eyes. But\\nI had no poet, and I will just tell a plain, unvarnished story\\nI rode a mule.\\nBy chance I got this mule, a small, unbroken one, for a very\\nlittle money. At first it was pretty nearly equal to working my\\npassage on a canal boat, for he was a contrary little rascal.\\nSoon, however, with the aid of a small club, I taught him to\\nturn a street corner. If desiring to go to the left, I would give\\nhim a good rap on the right jaw, and so if I wished to turn to\\nthe right, I would give him a reminder on the left. Nothing\\nwould have induced me to ride him through the streets in day-\\nlight. But this was before the time of electricity or even gas,\\nand I could pass unnoticed, avoiding the stare and perhaps the\\njests of my friends at being so grotesquely equipped for court-\\ning. In daylight when I rode horseback, though I could sel-\\ndom afford the luxury, I took good care to procure a spirited\\nlivery animal. In returning from an afternoon ride on the line\\nof the South Carolina Railroad, when within a few miles of the\\ncity the Charleston train came steaming along and was about\\nto pass me, I concluded I could keep along with it and probably\\noutrun it. After keeping well up for a time my saddle turned,\\ntaking me with it. Fortunately, the girths were good and strong.\\nI felt that my safety depended on my holding on, which I did\\nto the very long mane of my horse. It appeared that at every\\njump I would be struck by the horse s hoofs. I escaped that\\ndanger, however, and finally succeeded in again getting my sad-\\ndle and self on his back without sustaining any injury. I was\\ngreatly complimented on my expert horsemanship. This was\\nthe first railroad I ever saw, and if it was not the first built, it\\nwas at that time the longest line in the United States. It might\\nappear to any boy at this day very foolish to attempt to outrun\\na steam engine, but at that time I was not far off when I thought\\na good saddle horse with a dashing rider could outrun an iron\\nhorse. At all events I knew more about steam then than the\\nsolons of Congress did about telegraphy, when they made sport\\nof Morse s first project on that line.\\nWhile clerking with Merritt, my uncle, Capt. Richard Lub-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 17\\nbock, came into port at Charleston with his brig laden with a\\ncargo of salt from Turk s Island. When ready to sail he invited\\nme to visit him and go out with him in his ship over the bar.\\nI accepted his invitation, and was on board by daylight. After\\na cordial greeting we breakfasted, and then we sped out over the\\nbar. Once in the open sea, I bid a final farewell to my uncle,\\nwho died soon afterwards from hardship and exposure. I took\\npassage back on the pilot boat, which on account of business\\nwith other ships did not make the harbor until about night. My\\nlong-delayed return excited some uneasiness with my mother\\nand einployer, as I had gone off without notifying anyone of my\\nintentions, expecting to get back early in the morning.\\nOn one of those glorious afternoon holidays several of us boys\\nconcluded to hire a boat and take a grand sail over to Sullivan s\\nIsland. The owners of the boat rigged her, hoisted her sailsy\\nand started us off. One of the party, taking the helm, assumed\\ncommand.\\nFor awhile everything was calm, and we sailed along enjoy-\\ning our voj^age immensely. After getting out some four or five\\nmiles and nearing the island, the weather became squally. The\\ncaptain and the crew lost their heads and made for the land as\\ndirect as possible. Just before reaching the shore our boat cap-\\nsized and lay bottom upward. Luckily we were close to the\\nshell beach, and the entire party reached the island in safety,\\nbut looking like drowned rats.\\nWe then took a steamer back to the city and notified the\\nowner of the boat where we parted company with her. We had,\\nof course, to pay damages for him to get her back into port, and\\ncount our ruined clothing in the cost, so that our sail was a\\nsomewhat expensive affair for boys purses. We unanimously\\nresolved that when boys launch a boat in big waters, if they\\nwould not come to grief they must have an old tar at the helm.\\nWhile I was a good worker and very attentive to business and\\nrecognized as entirely reliable (for had I been otherwise I never\\ncould have remained with my exacting employer), I had my fun\\nand a jolly good time all the same. I started out in life to do\\nthat.\\nI had enjoyment with the girls, pleasure with horses, excite-\\nment with steam cars, jolly times with the boats, glory with", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "18 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe military, and unbounded enthusiasm with public meetings\\nand politics, and all this in the three years of the meanest\\ndrudgery of my life. Drudgery it was, but in it I made a repu-\\ntation that gave me my future business openings; drudgery it\\nwas, but it was an education in business methods that served me\\nwell in all my after years.\\nUpon leaving Mr. Merritt, on the very day, at an increased\\nsalary, I entered into service with a West India commission\\nhouse. My cousin, F. C. Black, the proprietor, handled large\\ncargoes of sugar, coSee, cigars, and other tropical produce.\\nAfter a short time of service with Mr. Black, I was offered a\\nmore eligible position in Hamburg, S. C. This I accepted, mov-\\ning to that place in 1832, going into the house of Tully F.\\nH. W. Sullivan, large dealers in general merchandise, with cot-\\nton warehouse attached. I was placed in charge of the ware-\\nhouse. This town was next in importance to Charleston as a\\ncotton market.\\nJ\\\\ly friend Adams, heretofore spoken of, was a large buyer,\\nand stored with us. He gave me the authority to buy cotton for\\nhim, and I was allowed to do so by the firm. This gave me a lit-\\ntle income beyond my salary. My commission was fifty cents\\nper bale. The cotton was brought in on wagons. The buyers\\nwould meet the teamsters, take samples of their cotton, sit\\ndown on the store steps or under a tree, make offers, and trade.\\nAbout the very first day that I tackled a teamster, being new\\nin tlie business and fearful of my inexperience, I held the sam-\\nples too long to suit an impatient young Irish buyer named\\nEooney. He became rather offensive, twitting me as to my slow-\\nness and greenness. Finally he attempted to take the samples\\nout of my hands. In the scuffle that ensued I came off vic-\\ntorious, and outsiders exhibited an increased respect for one\\nwho never failed to defend his rights when invaded.\\nI had many friends in Hambiirg and was received very cor-\\ndially in tlie town. My name was known and highly regarded,\\non account of my grandfather Lubbock s long residence there.\\nI spent much of my leisure with my friend, Mr. Adams, at\\nhis country residence. I had also a dear friend in Miss Caro-\\nline Hammond, the sister of Governor Hammond of South Caro-\\nlina; they resided in Edgefield also. My grandmother Lubbock,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 19\\nafter my grandfather s death, had removed over to Augusta\\nand I had other relatives near by in Georgia. My employers\\nwere kind, considerate, and liberal, so that I lived a life of hap-\\npiness in Hamburg, never dreaming of a change.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "20 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTER TWO.\\nBusiness in New Orleans The firm of Keichum Lubbock, Drug-\\ngists Marriage with a Creole Girl in the Crescent City Louisiana\\nSugar Planters and Government Protection My Wife and I on a\\nVisit to My Mother in July, 1835 Incidents of Our Return Home\\nBusiness Reverses and Recuperation My Brother Tom a Volunteer\\nin the Texas War Visit to Texas in 1836^ Tom s Story of Adven-\\nture Favorable Impression of Texas and the Texans.\\nBut in the very next year, 1834, Mr. Willis Holmes, who had\\ngone from Hamburg to New Orleans and engaged in the cotton\\nbrokerage there, returned for the summer. I had a particular\\nfriend and boon companion, Charles T. Ketchum. His son.\\nDr. Ketchum, also a friend of mine, resides now at Navasota,\\nTexas. Mr. Holmes was on intimate terms with the Ketchum\\nfamily. Charles was in the drug business with a mutual friend.\\nDr. Millican. He had a large experience for a young man, and\\nwas considered a first-class druggist. Mr. Holmes talked to us\\nvery freely from time to time during his stay, making us under-\\nstand what an elegant city New Orleans was, and how easy it\\nwas to make money there with a small capital. He particularly\\nrecommended to Ketchum the drug business as being immensely\\nprofitable. After giving the subject due consideration, we de-\\ntermined to go to New Orleans early in the fall.\\nThe next question was means. I had saved up a few hundred\\ndollars; so had Ketchum. I was only eighteen years of age; he\\nalso eighteen, but a few months younger than I. We had both\\nbeen at work for ourselves for years, and felt that we were men\\nand fully competent for business. I had no idea of the drug\\nbusiness, but I could learn, and I could keep the books and sell\\ngoods, while Ketchum would specially attend the prescription\\ndepartment, which would be the money coining part of the con-\\ncern.\\nI wrote to my relative and guardian, Mr. Francis C. Black,\\nof Charleston, opening up the whole business to him. I said to\\nhim, Can you give me the funds, some two thousand dollars,\\nthat you have of mine? Will you risk me? If I succeed, all\\nwill be well; if I fail, I will never call on you for another cent.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 21\\nHe answered, without any hesitation, The money is at your\\ndisposal That gratified me as much as the confidence of the\\nTexas people, when they trusted me with greater sums years\\nafterwards.\\nSo prompt were we, that we obtained letters from the drug\\nmen of Augusta and Hamburg, and from friends, indorsing us\\nas proper young men, stating how much money we could pay\\ndown and the amount of stock we wished to purchase. In a\\nfew days orders were sent to Philadelphia and the goods di-\\nrected to be shipped to New Orleans, so that they would arrive\\nabout the time we would be there to receive them.\\nAll things being arranged, Ketchum and I left Hamburg in\\ntime to reach the Crescent City about the first day of October,\\n1834.\\nI M^as eager to pursue my fortune in the Great West. I was\\nregretful, it is true, at leaving them, but neither a pleasant sit-\\nuation, nor friends, nor home, nor mother, nor sweetheart, could\\nhold me back from the splendid success we anticipated.\\nAs in Charleston, so in Hamburg I found a girl that I sup-\\nposed I loved desperately. The correspondence between my old\\nsweetheart and myself had grown cold and colder, until it finally\\nceased, and I spent many of my leisure hours in the delightful\\nsociety of my new one, horseback riding, attending church,\\nrambling through the woods gathering sweet shrubs and yellow-\\nJasmines that grew luxuriantly there, and in the meantime build-\\ning air castles. When I was about to leave Hamburg I made\\nan appeal that she would wait for me awhile, that I would re-\\nturn and claim her. She said, Francis, I know you better than\\nyou know yourself. You will soon find a girl in New Orleans\\nthat you will love better than you do me, and you will marry\\nthere. We parted good friends. The sequel will show how it\\nturned out.\\nOctober, 1834, found us (Ketchum and myself) in New Or-\\nleans, at the City Hotel, at that time the leading inn of the\\nplace.\\nAVe had letters of introduction to many parties. Some of\\nthem we delivered promptly, hoping to get information as to\\nbusiness matters, such as rents and eligible locations. I had\\nletters to Mr. John B. Leefe, who knew me as a boy, our fam-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "22 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nilies in Charleston being well acquainted. He had been in New\\nOrleans several years, and was a prominent cotton broker\\nthere. He had married into a well-known French Creole fam-\\nily. In a few hours after our arrival I was invited to his house,\\nintroduced to his wife, his mother-in-law, Mrs. Baron, his wife s\\nsister. Miss Adele Baron, and to other members of his wife s\\nfamily.\\nWe lost but little time in looking about for a location.\\nMatthew Morgan, a large real estate owner, was erecting on\\nCamp Street, a fine central location, several granite-front, three-\\nstory houses. We soon determined to take one of them. No. 37\\nCamp Street. The rent was $1200 per annum. It appeared\\nhigh to us, but we concluded we had better start on a good street\\nand in a handsome house, and reduce our rent by subletting a\\nportion for offices. We soon had our establishment fitted up\\nnicely, and the firm of Ketchum Lubbock, having received\\ntheir goods, erected their sign, unfurled their banner to the\\nbreeze, and were recognized as men of affairs.\\nOur business was good from the very beginning and increased\\nrapidly. We very soon became ambitious to extend our trade,\\nfinding many opportunities to sell at wholesale to country mer-\\nchants from Louisiana and Mississippi. Such sales were invaria-\\nbly made on a credit. Our standing in New York and Philadel-\\nphia being good, we ordered liberally to meet this increased\\ndemand; hence, for our limited capital, we were doing too much\\ncredit. In a very short time we also bought largely of castor oil\\nin barrels, brought down the Mississippi, and shipped to Phila-\\ndelphia for refining. Upon several shipments we lost very heav-\\nily, on account of leakage and depressed market. It was worth\\neighty to one hundred dollars per barrel.\\nIn addition to this, my relative and friend, Mr. Black, of\\nCharleston, having offered to advance on bacon and lard for his\\nWest India house, we were induced to make frequent shipments,\\nand sometimes of sugar and molasses in addition. This was a\\ndeparture from our regular line of trade, and, as is usually the\\ncase, proved unremunerative.\\nWe were economical in our store. Ketchum attended strictly\\nto the sale of medicines, putting up all prescriptions. I attended\\nstrictly to the books and accounts, selling articles only by the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 23\\npackage, and oil and paints as usually kept in such establish-\\nments. We were active, industrious, and attentive to business,\\nand we believed that in the main we were doing well, and that\\nour gains would far exceed our losses.\\nJ was in Mr. Leefe s family quite frequently. His wife was\\namiable. Her sister was there almost daily, the residence of\\nher mother being in the vicinity. They all spoke French. I\\n.was anxious to acquire the language, and as a favor to me Mr.\\nLeefe took me to board with them. My evenings were spent at\\nhome, and if Miss Adele failed to be there, I soon began goinsr\\nover to her mother s. She was very affable, a fine musician,\\nhaving a beautiful voice, though her songs were in French, with\\nthe exception of one or two English ditties. The very fact ti^at\\nshe spoke little and poor English made her more interesting to\\nme. As my girl friend had said to me on leaving Hamburg, I\\nwas soon very desperately in love with the Creole girl. I taught\\nher English; she could not teach me French. I made a favorable\\nimpression, and on the fifth day of February, 1835, with the\\nconsent and approval of the entire family, was married to Miss\\nAdele Baron. Her age was sixteen years and a few months, and\\nmine a few months less than twenty.\\nMy wife s family were all Catholics. When we waited upon\\nthe priest for arrangements to have the bans published in the\\nchurch, he questioned me as to my faith and certificates of bap-\\ntism. I told him my father was brought up in the Church of\\nEngland and my mother was a Baptist, hence it was my opinion\\nthat I had never been baptized. He exclaimed, What! Then\\nyou are a heathen! I can not publish the bans or marry you\\nuntil you are baptized. Go on with the christening then,\\nsaid I; the time is fixed for marrying, and marry we must.\\nSo I was immediately christened. My sister Annie thinks I\\nought to have known, as she was told that we were baptized in\\ninfancy.\\nIn a few days after our marriage we located in a pleasant\\nhouse on Carondelet Street, near our place of business. Mrs.\\nBaron, with her two sons, resided with us, and we were happy\\nand lived well without being extravagant. I became very fond\\nof French cooking and their style of housekeeping.\\nMy mother-in-law and myself were always good friends, and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "24 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsince my experience in that direction I have always had a re-\\nspect for a man that has sense enough to love his mother-in-\\nlaw, and impress her with the fact that he is entitled to her\\nsjjecial care and attention.\\nOur life was one of active, energetic business, together with\\nmuch jDleasure. My wife s relations were very social and fond\\nof gayety, and most of my leisure time was passed with them.\\nHer father, N. A. Baron, Jr., was a prominent cotton and sugar\\ndealer of N^ew Orleans, when he died of cholera, in 1832. Her\\nmother was Laura Bringier, daughter of Dorado Bringier, one\\nof the earliest cotton planters and afterwards one of the largest\\nsugar growers in Louisiana. He came there from the San Do-\\nmingo troubles late in the last century. Her uncle, Don Louis\\nBringier, was at that time the surveyor-general of the State of\\nLouisiana; her widowed aunts, Tureaud, Colomb, and Bringier,\\nlived on large sugar plantations on the river, not far from the\\ncity. To them we made frequent visits, which were enjoyed\\nimmensely.\\nWhile it may be said that some of the sugar planters of Louis-\\niana were uncultured men, as a class they were well educated\\nand elegant gentlemen. They were liberal and hospitable at\\nthe time I speak of, and up to the war between the States they\\nwere the most luxurious livers I have ever known, on either side\\nof the Atlantic. They had fine plantations, good houses, well-\\nkept grounds, excellent horses, well-trained servants, and tables\\nladen with the best of everything that the New Orleans market\\nor the country afforded, excellent beef and mutton, game of\\neverj^ kind, fish, terrapin, tropical and other fruits, elegant sweet-\\nmeats, wines of every vintage, from table claret, following along\\nto Burgundy and Champagne, old Cognac bringing up the rear,\\nAAdth cordials of every description, especially Maraschino and\\nCuracoa.\\nThese planters received government protection, and at that\\ntime they generally advocated the principles of the Native\\nAmerican party, which was very similar to what was in after\\n3^ears called the Know-nothing party, and composed principally\\nof old-time Whigs and high tariff protection men. Though\\nwhile I was in New Orleans I was strictly business, and, not\\nbeing of age, never voted, I took great interest in political mat-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "MY BROTHERS AND SISTERS.\\nThomas S. Lubbock. Henry S. Lubbock.\\nSarah S. Curry. Anna B. Lockart.\\nJohn B. Lubbock.\\nWm. M. Lubbock", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 25\\nters, and fought this party on all occasions, particularly my\\nwife s kin, who were more or less interested in sugar planting\\nand wanted protection, advocating legislation, as I told them,\\nfor the benefit of a few at the expense of the many. I am to-day\\nstill fighting on the same line, opposed to all protection and class\\nlegislation.\\nIn the month of May, 1835, I received intelligence that my\\nmother was ill. For a long time in feeble health, she was fail-\\ning more rapidly now. Fearing the worst for her, I immediately\\ncommenced preparation for the trip, and about the last of May\\nleft New Orleans on a sailing vessel for Charleston, that being\\nconsidered the best way at that time to make the journey. In\\nconsequence of adverse winds and a very heavy storm, we had\\nquite a long and disagreeable passage, arriving, however, en-\\ntirely well, about the middle of June.\\nThe great fire that visited Charleston was at that time still\\nburning, and I can never forget the night we landed, for the\\nentire center of the city seemed wrapped in flames.\\nWe found my mother very feeble. My eldest sister, her hus-\\nband, Captain Curry, a most excellent man and good son to our\\nmother, with my four brothers and sister Annie were with her,\\nconstituting a happy household, but with a cloud overhanging\\nthem, the probable early departure of our devoted mother.\\nFrom the moment my wife entered the house they all ap-\\npeared delighted with her, and she grew day by day upon my\\nmothers heart by her gentleness and tender care for her. As\\nfor me, while I could but grieve over the occasion of my visit, I\\nwas proud to see how they all admired my young Creole wife,\\nand I was happy to know that, at a far off distance from home\\nand only nineteen years of age, I had been fortunate enough to\\nselect a companion, a perfect stranger to my people, whom they\\ncould love as a daughter and sister.\\nMy mother s life closed on the morning of the 4th of July,\\n1835, her children around her, at her residence on South Bat-\\ntery, Charleston, S. C, just as the guns commenced booming in\\ncelebration of the day. My sister, Mrs. Curry, was afterwards\\nhead of the household.\\nIt has always been a gratification to me that, immersed as I\\nwas in business, and happy as I was at home with my young", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "26 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwife, that I acted so promptly and made the difficult journey\\nthat I might be with my mother to render aid and comfort to\\nher and the family.\\nMy brother Tom was at home, having but recently returned\\nfrom New York under peculiar circumstances, which I will re-\\nlate, for the reason that the return probably changed his entire\\nlife, and under Providence directed mine.\\nHe had selected the engineer s trade, the building of steam\\nengines having made quite an impression on him. My brother-\\nin-law, who was largely interested in the steamboat interest,\\nselected the Allair Iron Works, of New York, the largest estab-\\nlishment of the kind then in the United States. Tom was ap-\\nprenticed to them by Captain Curry. He appeared pleased for a\\ntime, and was getting along well.\\nTo the amazement of the family, he suddenly appeared at\\nhome. This explanation followed: He was called while at work\\non a boiler to go immediately to the postoffiee. He had on his\\nworking suit, very black and dirty, and consumed a little while\\ngetting ready. The foreman called him and ordered him to go\\nwithout changing his clothes. He refused positively to go in his\\ncondition, giving as a reason that he had to pass some kinfolks\\nand others of his acquaintance, and he did not intend appearing\\nas a chimney-sweep. I left, here 1 am, and there is a mighty\\ngood engineer spoiled. He was remonstrated with, told he was\\nan apprentice, and that there would be trouble. He persisted,\\nand finally Captain Curry succeeded in compromising with the\\ncompany.\\nAfter much talk with Tom, he said, Let me go to New Or-\\nleans with you; I will get into something there; the folks will\\nnot be bothered with me here. I can take care of myself if you\\nwill give me a chance. So it was agreed, and he accompanied\\nme to New Orleans.\\nWe had a hard trip getting back; took the South Carolina\\nEailroad to Hamburg, stopping over to see my friends. I found\\nmy former sweetheart married to a cousin of mine and very\\nhappy. She protested that she did not marry until after she\\nheard of my marriage, which she had predicted. They all\\ntreated me very handsomely, and were delighted with my wife.\\nFrom Hamburg we staged it to Montgomery, Ala., a long and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 27\\nwearisome trip. We had a crowded coach all the way, and it was\\nvery hot weather.\\nQuite an amusing incident occurred at Columbus, Ga. We\\nwere well entertained, and the old landlady came into our room\\nafter dinner, entering into friendly conversation with us. She\\nwas quite inquisitive What name? Where from? Where going?\\nMy wife replied, We are going to New Orleans. Why, my\\ndear children, ain t you feared to go thar? The yellow fever is\\nbad; killing off everybody. My wife said, Oh, no; we are not\\nafraid. I am a Creole, and as for my husband, he is from Charles-\\nton, and a Charlestonian never has yellow fever in New Or-\\nleans. Why, you children married? I though you was brother\\nand sister. Why, look here, you a Creole and been to my table?\\nIf I had knowed you had nigger blood you couldn t have set at\\nmy table. But you don t look like you had any nigger blood in\\nyou. My wife was a blonde, with gray eyes and light brown\\nhair, looking like her father, who was a Parisian. We of course\\nexplained to the old lady the meaning of Creole as used in\\nLouisiana and eased her mind as to allowing nigger blood at\\nher table.\\nAs more intelligent people than our landlady do not under-\\nstand it, I will explain the word. Creole means a native, so\\nthat children born of French parents in Louisiana are desig-\\nnated as French Creoles; those born of American parents as\\nAmerican Creoles; of negroes, as negro Creoles. Chickens, eggs,\\nand such things are called Creole chickens, and so on, and these\\nare preferred. This is the way it is used also in the West Indies.\\nBetween Columbus and Montgomery our stage was upset,\\nwounding several passengers. My wrist was badly sprained. My\\nwife was seriously injured. On arriving at Montgomery I had\\nto call in medical aid to my wife, and we were delayed for awhile.\\nTo this occurrence was attributed her lifelong ill health, as she\\nwas hurt severely at a time the most critical for a woman. We\\nleft in a few days on a boat to Mobile, thence to New Orleans,\\narriving in September.\\nThe few months during our absence made some changes in\\nour business, and by the next spring things became serious. We\\nhad a large amount out in Mississippi and Louisiana; collections\\nwere poor; times were becoming very stringent; 36 was a year", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "28 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nof financial disaster. We had done more business than our capi-\\ntal justified, and in the Black case we had gone outside of our\\nbusiness. Some of our creditors were pressing. So after ad-\\nvising with friends, we determined to surrender our establish-\\nment and assets for the benefit of our creditors. We were\\nhonorable in giving up everything. I made no claim for money\\nof Mrs. Lubbock s used in the concern, which in Louisiana at\\nthat day was a preferred claim. I reserved nothing but my\\nhorse, as I would then be living a long distance from the busi-\\nness center; my household furniture, not very expensive, I also\\nretained.\\nIn a few days after giving up the store to the assignee I ac-\\ncepted a place with the largest dealers in watches, jewelry, sil-\\nverware, and firearms in the city Whittimore, Blair Co.\\nwith a salary of two thousand dollars per annum.\\nSoon after our return from South Carolina I had succeeded\\nin getting a good position for my brother Tom in the cotton\\nbusiness with Mr. Holmes. Then came the circumstance that\\nchanged the course of our lives. Just about this time, the fall\\nof 1835, much was being said about Texas. A call was made for\\na meeting to extend aid to Texas, then invaded by the Mexi-\\ncans. Two friends of mine, E. C. Morris and William G. Cooke,\\nwere engineering the meeting. The morning after the meeting\\nTom informed me that he was the first to volunteer, and he\\nwished me to assist him off. I was sadly disappointed. He had\\na good place. He was so young to go on such an expedition with-\\nout a particular friend or counselor. Though well up in all\\nmanly sports, quite an athlete, very strong and muscular, and\\nfull of fire and determination, he was only seventeen years of\\nage. But as he Avas fixed in his purpose, I fell into his views,\\nfitted him out, and bade him godspeed, knowing that our folks\\nat home in South Carolina would censure me for submitting to\\nthe arrangement.\\nThus he left New Orleans with his company, known as the\\nNew Orleans Grays, the first volunteer company to arrive in\\nTexas from abroad. They were in time to volunteer in the ad-\\nvance upon and storming of Bexar.\\nIn the meantime the Consultation met at San Felipe in Octo-\\nber, elected Sam Houston General-in-Chief of the Texan army,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 29\\nand created a Provisional Government, with Henry Smith at\\nthe head. Dissensions having arisen in the government, a Con-\\nvention was called to meet at Washington, with plenary powers.\\nIndependence was declared on March 2, 1836, a Constitution\\nadopted, and a government ad interim established, with David\\nG. Burnet as President. Meantime the Alamo had fallen and\\nGoliad soon followed; but Houston s victory at San Jacinto on\\nApril 21st practically decided the independence of Texas.\\nPresident Burnet, then upon the barren island of Galveston,\\nvisited Houston s camp to enter into negotiations with the cap-\\ntured Mexican dictator, Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.\\nWhile Tom was going through his rough campaign in Texas\\non the flood-tide of success, I was struggling with financial diffi-\\nculties on the ebb-tide of failure. By the time the little Texas\\narmy had completed their triumph at San Jacinto, I had squared\\nup matters and was busy making a living, which, fortunately for\\nme, I was able to do from my earliest boyhood without very great\\nhardship.\\nMessrs. Austin, Wharton, and Archer, commissioners to the\\nUnited States, came through New Orleans in January, 1836,\\nbut I learned nothing from them as to my brother. As the\\nsummer advanced I began to think of making a trip to look\\nafter my soldier brother, as I could get no reliable intelligence\\nof him. I asked for a leave of absence and the firm gave me\\nthirty days without stopping my salary. So the Unseen Hand\\nthat guides us in the way, even when we plant the steps just as\\nour wishes or judgment dictates, was leading me to Texas my\\ndestiny.\\nMy boat, the schooner Colonel Fannin, after a pleasant voy-\\nage from New Orleans, landed at Velasco, Texas, about the last\\nof October, 1836. My main object in visiting Texas was to find\\nmy brother. As a soldier he had participated in the glori-\\nous struggle that had just closed, and when I began to appre-\\nciate its aim and end, I felt proud that I had fitted out one\\nsoldier for the Republic of Texas in the time of need.\\nVelasco, on the left bank of the Brazos, at its mouth, was at\\nthis time the chief port of the Republic, while Quintana, on the\\nopposite side, was the seat of an extensive foreign trade. Ameri-\\ncan Galveston had not then been established. The main busi-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "30 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nness house here, and perhaps the largest in the whole country,\\nwas that of McKinney Williams. With this noted firm I\\nfound brother. Our greeting was warm, as we had been sepa-\\nrated a year or more.\\nAfter sufficient talk between us on family affairs, he pro-\\nceeded to give me the following account of his adventures since\\nour parting:\\nAbout the last of October, 1835, we landed in charge of Ed\\nHall at Velasco, from the schooner Columbus. The Grays re-\\nceived a hearty welcome from the Texans, and we organized im-\\nmediately, electing Eobert L. Morris captain, W. G. Cooke first\\nlieutenant, and Charles B. Bannister second lieutenant. We\\nhad left the United States as individuals to avoid a violation of\\nthe neutrality laws, hence our organization out of their juris-\\ndiction, though we all knew the result before; in fact, it was\\nwell understood in New Orleans. Dr. A. M. Levy was elected\\nsurgeon and Mandred Wood commisssary and quartermaster.\\nWe then took passage on the Laura up the river to Brazoria,\\nand thence marched overland more than 200 miles to San An-\\ntonio de Bexar. General Austin was then in that vicinity with\\na Texan army. We reached his headquarters a little tired, but\\nin good trim about .November 21st, and reported ready for duty\\nthe next day. The Grays were the first foreign company to\\njoin the Texans, and our arrival in camp created great enthusi-\\nasm. We were well fitted out with arms and uniform, and looked\\nlike real soldiers. It was not long before we showed the world\\nthat we did not belie our looks. General Austin left in a few\\ndays to go as a commissioner to the United States, and General\\nBurleson was chosen commander to fill Austin s place.\\nWell, you have heard about our taking Bexar. When Col.\\nBen IMilam came into camp he called for volunteeers to follow\\nhim into Bexar. The Grays were the first to volunteer, and\\nfinally about 300 came forward. We entered the suburbs of\\nBexar a little before light on December 5th in two columns,\\none commanded by Colonel Milam and the other by Col. Frank\\nJohnson. JMajor Morris, our first captain, went with Colonel\\nMilam. The Grays, then commanded by Captain W. G. Cooke,\\nfell in line under Johnson. We had to fight our way from house\\nto house. Milam was killed on the second day. Major Morris", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 31\\nbecame then second in command under Colonel Johnson, who\\nhac been chosen leader in jDlace of Milam. We steadily advanced\\ntowards the plaza, firing from the housetops, and picking with\\ncrowbars and axes onr way through the walls of the houses.\\nThe Grays led the advance to the plaza, and on the fourth night\\nwe forced an entrance to the priest s house, driving out the Mex-\\nicans. This decided the fight, as the next morning showed us\\nthe plaza abandoned, the enemy having retreated to the Alamo\\nMission across the river. General Cos, without any more fight-\\ning, surrendered his army of about 1100 Mexicans to not more\\nthan 300 Texans That was a pretty good fight, wasn t it?\\nI could but say, Yes. I felt prouder of Tom than ever.\\nIn answer to my further inquiries, he continued:\\nThe storming of Bexar, the most glorious feat of arms of\\nthe Texan revolution, closed the campaign of 1835, and no\\narmed Mexican could be found east of the Rio Grande. A\\nmovement against Matamoros soon began, and the army gen-\\nerally scattered out in that direction some of the Grays under\\nMajor Morris and others under Captain Pettis, with Colonel\\nFannin. As for myself, I remained with the small garrison at\\nBexar till late in January, 1836, when, half sick, I turned\\neastward and proceeded afoot to the Brazos Eiver. Here I fell\\nin with Capt. Thomas W. Grayson, who commanded the Yel-\\nlowstone steamboat on that river. (Captain Grayson was a\\nfamily connection, and before leaving South Carolina had been\\nwith my father on one of his steamboats.) This staunch old\\nfriend took care of me while sick and then gave me employ-\\nment on his boat.\\nBefore I got fairly on my feet again the terrible news reached\\nme of Santa Anna s capture of the Alamo and the destruction\\nof its brave defenders under Travis, Bowie, and Crockett. After\\nthat in a short time came the news of Colonel Fannin s surren-\\nder.\\n^Fannin was on the retreat from Goliad, as ordered by Hous-\\n1 There is a melancholy interest which attaches to the name of the\\nheroic but unfortunate Fannin.\\nFrom a letter given me by the executor of the late Mr. DeflFenbaugh,\\nI give these e.Ktracts, which show Colonel Fannin s exertions on behalf\\nof Texan independence even before the beginning of actual hostilities,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "32 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nton, when he was surrounded by a superior force of Mexicans\\nunder General Urrea and after a desperate fight compelled to\\nsurrender his army as prisoners of war. A week later, in shame-\\nful violation of the terms of capitulation, Urrea had shot all the\\nTexan prisoners, more than 400 in number. This included\\neighteen of the Grays two others of my old company having\\nescaped.\\nWhen the Texas army were encamped on the Colorado, the\\nYellowstone went up after cotton. While at Groce s plantation\\nthe Yellowstone was pressed into service by General Houston\\non his arrival at that place, and it fell upon us to cross the Texan\\narmy there to the east side of the Brazos. Meanwhile Santa\\nAnna, in pursuit of Houston, had occupied San Felipe with his\\narmy, fifteen or twenty miles below, and it was suggested that\\nan attacking force on the Yellowstoiie might drop down the\\nriver on Santa Anna, but nothing came of it.\\nSanta Anna, baffled in his attempt to cross the Brazos at\\nSan Felipe by Captain Baker s company, crossed the river with\\na detachment of his army a few miles below and beat Houston\\nand also reveal the fact (never found in our histories), that while at the\\nUnited States Military Academy Fannin was known as J. F. Walker:\\nVelasco, Rio Brazos, Prov. Texas\\nAug. 27, 1835.\\nMajor Belton, U. S. A., Mobile Point:\\n[After describing the political situation in Texas, Colonel Fannin\\ngoes on to say] And now comes the object of this communication,\\nto wit, will you authorize me to use your name at the approaching Con-\\nvention or at any subsequent time as an officer qualified and willing to\\ncommand as brave a set of backwoodsmen as ever were led to battle?\\nThe truth is, we are more deficient in suitable material for officers\\nthan we are vcCsoldiers, and all being Americans, will be willing nay,\\nanxious to receive an officer of reputation. I hope to hear from you\\nby the vessel which will return soon, and at any other time as you may\\nthink advantageous which will be confidential or otherwise, agreeable\\nto your request. When the hurly-burly is begun we will be glad to\\nsee as many West Point boys as can be spared, many of whom are\\nknown to me, and by whom I am known as J. F. Walker my maternal\\ngrandfather s name, and by whom I was raised and adopted, and whose\\nname I then bore. My last voyage from the island of Cuba\\n(with 152) succeeded admirably.\\nYr. friend, c.,\\nJ. W. Fannin, Jr.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 33\\nto Harrisburg. He came near catching President Burnet, and\\nburned the town.\\nOn our way down the Brazos with cotton we had trouble\\nwith the Mexican soldiers. They fired into the smokestack of\\nthe Yellowstone, hoping thereby to cripple and capture the\\nboat. But this having no effect, they next tried to rope the\\nsmokestack, and failing in that they proceeded to stretch their\\nlariats across the river; but all in vain. The machinery of our\\nboat was well protected by the cotton bales, and we sped on our\\nway fearlessly, and soon left all our puny enemies behind. The\\nYellowstone was a high pressure boat, built for the upper Mis-\\nsouri and Yellowstone hence her name. She had a good capac-\\nity for freight and passengers, and plied the Brazos regularly\\nIrom Quintana as far up as navigable.\\nWe ran into Galveston Bay about the 24th of April, and\\nfound President Burnet camping on Galveston Island. The next\\nday Captain Calder brought in the glorious news of the battle\\nof San Jacinto. The Yellowstone, with President Burnet and\\npart of his cabinet on board, then steamed up to the battlefield.\\nI always regretted that we were too late for the great battle.\\nTaking up again the thread of my narrative, I will say that\\nto pay expenses on this trip I had brought with me a stock\\nof merchandise, principally provisions, which I thought would\\nbe in demand. Besides, as I remem bered that the country was\\nin a state of war, I equipped myself with a good gun, a brace of\\npistols, and a bountiful supply of ammunition, so as to be ready\\nto render any service that occasion might require.\\nThe short period of my stay at this town (Velasco) was filled\\nwith events exciting and strange to me. On the very first day\\na schooner with quite a number of passengers and a full cargo\\nwas wrecked upon the bar. It was said then that the Velasco\\nbar was a hard sand bar, and when a vessel struck upon it she\\nseldom escaped destruction. The people of the town gave every\\npossible assistance with small boats; no lives were lost, and most\\nof the cargo was saved.\\nMy first night was spent in the hotel kept by J. M. Shreve, a\\nKentuckian (subsequently he was chief clerk of the House of\\nRepresentatives of the Eepublic of Texas and I an assistant).\\nHis partner in the hotel proved to be Benjamin S. Grayson, of\\n3", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "34 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nmy native town, Beaufort. He was a brother of Capt. Thos. W.\\nGrayson. We had not seen each other since our boyhood, and\\nour pleasure was mutual upon meeting after so long a time in\\nsuch a far away country.\\nAfter taking tea, Walter C. White and R. J. Clow, known\\nto old Texans as Bob Clow, both of them prominent merchants\\nand recognized as first-class gentlemen, together with Mr. Shreve,\\nproposed that we should have a social evening in playing twenty-\\ndeck poker. I told them I had never seen the game played and\\nknew nothing of it; that I really had never heard of such a\\ngame. They explained it, assuring me that the game was very\\nsimple and interesting; only twenty of the deck was used, and\\nthat if I knew the cards I would, in playing a few hands, become\\nfamiliar with it; that the ante was very small, and they did not\\nbet very high. I said, Well, I have come to be a Texan, and I\\nsuppose I must be taught all the Texas ways, and the sooner I\\nbegin the better. The game was commenced at once. Very\\nsoon the plays were familiar, and occasionally Clow, who, by the\\nway, was a fine conversationalist and a noted humorist, would re-\\nmark, Lubbock, you play the game remarkably well for the\\nfirst time. Lubbock, did I understand you to say that you\\nnever saw poker played before? All of which I took in good\\npart, playing with great earnestness, and as I supposed very care-\\nfully. About midnight it was proposed, very much to my de-\\nlight, that we would settle up and quit. My account was short\\nsome twenty dollars, which was immediately paid. Clow then\\nsaid to me: Lubbock, I like you; I have really taken a fancy\\nto you, and I Mali volunteer a piece of advice never play poker.\\nWhy, said I, you have told me several times during the even-\\ning that I played remarkably well and appeared to understand\\nthe game fully, and really, Mr. Clow, I like the game. It is\\namusing, interesting, exciting, and while I could not afl^ord to\\nlose twenty dollars an evening, probably I would win next time.\\nI say, Lubbock, don t you play poker. Well, Mr. Clow, why\\nnot? It seems to be fashionable with you merchants. Well, I\\nwill tell you; you haven t a poker countenance. What is that?\\nsaid I. Well, when you have a good winning hand, it is dis-\\nclosed by your countenance. The consequence is that no one\\nwill bet against you; you are permitted to take the pot and win", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 35\\nbut little. Should you have a poor hand, your tell-tale counten-\\nance again displays your poverty in the hand, and should you\\nattempt to bluff, you are simply called, your hand beaten, and so\\nyou win nothing. Take my advice, my dear boy, and play no\\nmore poker. From that day to this present hour I have never\\nplayed a game of poker for money, although I have seen thou-\\nsands won and lost at it by others; for, unfortunately, Texas\\ngentlemen do like poker. It s a blessed thing to give good ad-\\nvice. Peace to your ashes. Bob Clow!\\nApropos to the item of poker playing in Texas is the famous\\nbaccarat scandal trial in London that fills the papers this morn-\\ning, June 2, 1891, the same date of writing the above about cards\\nin Texas fifty-five years ago. In the present case the court of\\nthe greatest nation in Europe, in the greatest city on earth, is\\ninvestigating cheating in a social game between lords and ladies\\nand the heir apparent of the realm. We are cultivated above\\nthat point. The heir apparent to our executive honors has to be\\nbetter employed if he expects to be crowned, and if our ladies\\ndo indulge in a social game, they do not gamble. Would it not\\nbe as well, however, to look on that picture in London high life,\\nand introduce some other amusement more elevating than card\\nplaying.\\nA day or two after my arrival in Velasco, while in a billiard\\nroom, I witnessed a homicide. Captain Snell, commanding a\\ncompany of regulars at the post, came in. He accosted Lieu-\\ntenant Sproul as to his absence from the post. Hot words en-\\nsued, and the lieutenant was shot down by his captain and\\nkilled. Snell was exonerated, as Sproul probably attempted\\nto draw his sword. He afterward had several unfortunate diffi-\\nculties, and was himself many years afterward killed in Hemp-\\nstead. He was a member of my brother Tom Lubbock s com-\\npany, the New Orleans Grays, and proved himself a brave sol-\\ndier.\\nThe government of the Eepublic had been organized at Co-\\nlumbia on the Brazos, and on October 23, 1836, Gen. Sam Hous-\\nton, the hero of San Jacinto, was inaugurated as the first con-\\nstitutional president. Thus the Brazos valley held the govern-\\nmental honors and advantages, while the country eastward and\\nwestward boasted of the battlefields of the Eevolution,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "36 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCongress was then in session, and I hastened with my goods up\\nthe river by steainboat to the capital, bearing the same honored\\nname as the capital of my native South Carolina. Leaving the\\nriver at Bell s Landing, where we were all put ashore, I found the\\ntown of Columbia about two miles westward on the edge of a\\nprairie dotted with live oaks. The Congress was occupying two\\nframe houses the larger one, with partition removed, for the\\nEepresentative chamber, and the smaller one for the Senate\\n(then having only fourteen members), the shed rooms being\\nused for committees.\\nThe circumstances were favorable, the little town being filled\\nwith people, so very promptly my goods were all sold at a fine\\nprofit, leaving me a few days to look about me. All the while\\nno shelter could be obtained. I took my meals with Fitchett\\nGill, the tavern-keepers, sleeping under a liveoak tree at night.\\nThis was the lodging place of many.\\nThe town presented a wild and romantic appearance to me,\\njust landed from New Orleans, a large and gay city. There was\\nsomething in it new and attractive, the fine old liveoaks, other\\nmajestic trees of the forest, the woods near the town filled with\\nbear, Mexican lions, deer, turkey, and game of every kind.\\nIt made my thoughts fly quick and fast when my mind took\\nin the facts: This is the capital of a republic, with the heads of\\ndepartments, the Congress in session, and hosts of people in the\\ntown President, judges, representatives, senators, captains, col-\\nonels, generals, men of mark, men that would attract attention\\nand respect in any country. Of great intelligence, pluck, and\\npatriotism, they came here to seek homes for themselves in a\\nwilderness. They determined to stay; they were not to be turned\\nback by the hardships of a frontier life, the fear of the savage\\nIndians, or the dread of Mexican invasion. They surmounted\\nevery difficulty in their path. They fought the fight with the\\nredman of the prairie, and raising the Lone Star flag confronted\\nthe Napoleon of the West, Avresting from his tyranny the grand-\\nest territory of this continent.\\nHere were Sam Houston, M. B. Lamar, Henry Smith, S. F.\\nAustin, James Collinsworth, E. M. Pease, W. H. Jack, P. C. Jack,\\nW. H. Wharton, John A. Wharton, x\\\\nson Jones, Edward Bur-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "/AIBBOCfCS MEMOIRS. 37\\nleson, Mosely Baker, David G. Burnet, Stephen H. Everett, Jesse\\nGrimes, Sterling C. Eobertson, A. C. Horton, Alexander Somer-\\nvell, Eichard Ellis, James S. Lester, Richard Scurry, Thos.\\nJ. Eusk, John W. Bunton, Jesse Billingsley, Ira Ingraham, Al-\\nbert Sidney Johnston, and others. These men were unlike in\\ncharacter, and differing with each other about measures, even be-\\nfore the smoke of the great conflict had cleared away; and being\\nmen of strong wills, their differences often had the characteris-\\ntics of downright animosities. A great deal was told about how\\nthey disagreed, and how this one and that one went it independ-\\nent, even at the time the little Texas army of eight hundred\\nmen confronted the Mexicans under their famous leader Santa\\nAnna. All the same they whipped the fight. Eemember the\\nAlamo! Eemember Goliad! stirred every heart and nerved\\nevery arm. The absorbing idea was victory. Victory was theirs.\\nAll honor to the patriot warriors of 1836!\\nSan Jacinto won, an arduous task was before them, and these\\nmen in the first Congress addressed themselves with great ability\\nand enthusiasm to the task of solving the problem presented to\\ntheir consideration. A government was to be reared amid dif-\\nficulties on all sides. As yet they were not recognized among the\\nnations of the earth. They had no revenue and no credit; the\\nMexicans were still their enemies; the Indians were within their\\nborders: the little army was unpaid, poorly fed, and in need of\\nclothing, and impatient at inactivity. Some argued that they\\nshould make a forward move against Mexico, while others. Presi-\\ndent Houston of that number, believed in resting on the victory\\nalready gained.\\nThere were dissensions about Santa Anna, who was under a\\nguard of twenty men about twelve miles from the capital. What\\nwas to be done with him was a great question, until Sam Hous-\\nton cut the Gordian knot about this time. Some of the cabinet\\nand many of the officers of the army believed that he had for-\\nfeited his life by the outrages perpetrated at the Alamo and at\\nGoliad. Others, with President Houston as their leader, in-\\nsisted that he should be treated as a prisoner of war. President\\nHouston commissioned three well known brave and true men,\\nhis own selection Col. B. E. Bee, Colonel Patton, and G. W.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "38\\nLUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nHockley who in a quiet manner accompanied him overland to\\nthe Mississippi, thence up the river and across the country to\\nWashington City, D. C.\\nStephen F. Austin, then Secretary of State, the leader of the\\ncolony that had taken possession of this beautiful Brazos coun-\\ntry lay dying at Geo. B. McKinstry s, in the town. He had toiled\\nSTEPHEN F. AUSTIN.\\nlong and well for his people, and just as they had begun to taste\\nthe cup of happiness, they must lose his counsel in the State.\\nThen in the army who should and who should not be com-\\nmander-in-chief, now that Houston was elected President, was\\nanother very much discussed question. Eusk was left in charge\\nat first after Houston. When he wished to resign, Lamar was\\nappointed to take the place, but declined on account of opposi-\\ntion on the part of the soldiers, and Eusk remained in command.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 39\\nAfterward Felix Huston was commander-in-chief for a time,\\nwhen Albert Sidney Johnston came on tlie scene and was ap-\\npointed to take command. Then followed that remarkable his-\\ntorical duel that left Johnston a badly crippled up man for some\\ntime.^\\nOn many points there was great divergence of opinion; but\\nbound together by a common interest, having the same hopes\\nand the same fears, when the public good called them to duty\\nthe grand men of the early days of Texas were never found\\nwanting. In no other way could the glorious new-born Repub-\\nlic have grown in strength and dignity amid the perils that beset\\nher from first to last. I made the acquaintance of some of these\\nmen then, and a few months later most of them became my\\nfriends.\\nThe strong, massive characters of the people, and the apparent\\ngrandness of the country, impressed me greatly. So thoroughly\\nwas I persuaded of the bright prospect ahead for those who\\nwould settle promptly, that I at once made up my mind that if\\nmy young city wife would give up New Orleans and follow me,\\nTexas would be our home.\\nMy stay in Texas was short, but I had found my country.\\nJudge Ben C. Franklin had already administered to me the oath\\nof allegiance to the young Eepublic; and as I was eager to begin\\nlife as a Texan, I hastened back to my wife to jointly perfect our\\nplans.\\nI took passage for New Orleans on the schooner Julius Caesar,\\narriving at that port on November 28th, after a little more than\\na Hxonth s absence. One of my fellow passengers, whose ac-\\n2 War Department,\\nColumbia, February 7, 1837.\\nDr. A. Ewing, Surgeon General:\\nSir -I am requested to instruct you to repair forthwith to the\\nheadquarters of the army, there to consult with the faculty on the case\\nof Gen. A. Sidney Johnston, who has been badly wounded by a pistol\\nshot.\\nYou will report while at the army the names of all surgeons em-\\nployed there; also a minute account of the situation of the medical de-\\npartment, so that all deficiencies may be remedied.\\nWilliam S. Fisher,\\nSecretary of War.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "40 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nquaintance I then made, was the Hon. Wm. H. Wharton,* min-\\nister to the United States, en route for Washington. With him\\nwas his son, John A., then a bright ten-year-old lad. A quarter\\nof a century afterwards or more I will have occasion in my nar-\\nrative to notice the grown-up boy.\\n^Whar ton s instructions, made out by the first Texan Secretary of\\nState, Stephen F. Austin, emphasized two vital points: 1. The recog-\\nnition of the independence of Texas. 2. The annexation of Texas to\\nthe United States. Recognition was to be pressed first. The Congress\\nhad not then taken any action on our western boundary. Austin, in\\nhis instructions, named the Rio Grande, but if that hindered recogni-\\ntion, Texas would recede to a point on the gulf half way between the\\nmouth of the Rio Grande and Corpus Christi Bay, and thence on the\\ndividing ridge between the Nueces and Rio Grande north to the Pecos\\nfifty miles above its confluence with the Rio Grande, and up the Pecos\\nto its main source, and thence due north to the forty-second parallel.\\nMinister Wharton, under date of New Orleans, December 2d, thus\\nwrites the Secretary of State: I believe I told you at Washington\\nthat after my protest to General Jackson against the sale of Texas by\\nMexico, which was at first supposed to be the business of Gorostiza (the\\nMexican Minister at Washington), I had a long and as I conceived demi-\\nofficial conversation with Donelson (the President s private secretary),\\nin which he stated that if the United States chose to give Mexico a few\\nmillions for a quitclaim of Texas by way of hush money, leaving to\\nTexas the arrangement of the terms of annexation, that Texas ought\\nnot through pride object to it. I answered him then, as I will again\\nunless otherwise instructed, that the treaty between Texas and the\\nUnited States must precede the hush money to Mexico; that after Texas\\nwas annexed the United States might give what she pleased, and that\\nTexas for her part would never give Mexico anything but lead in pur-\\nchase of peace and independence. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 41\\nCHAPTER THREE.\\nRemoval to Texas\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Settlement in the New Town of Houston\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Opening\\nof Congress\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Telegraph Newspaper\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Indian Pow-wows Vari-\\nous Incidents\u00e2\u0080\u0094 San Jacinto Ball at the Capitol\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Celebration at Lib-\\nerty\u00e2\u0080\u0094Lost and Benighted on the Prairie\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Purchase of Wild\\nLand\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Assistant Clerkship in the House of Representatives\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Join-\\ning the Masons\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Currency Meeting\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Appointed Comptroller by\\nPresident Houston The Philosophical Society.\\nIt was not long before my Creole wife decided with me for\\nTexas. A few days before Christmas we accordingly embarked\\non the schooner Corolla, bound for Quintana, which port we\\nreached in good time after a stormy voyage.\\nThere were twenty-five or thirty passengers, including John\\nW. Dancy, afterwards a prominent figure in Texas politics. He\\nmade his appearance on the schooner booted and spurred. After\\npassing out the mouth of the Mississippi, the swell of the open\\nsea, though not rough, made Dancy deathly sick, and he lay about\\nthe cabin and on the deck covered with freight, mostly barrels,\\nin perfect abandon. The sailors passing fore and aft on duty\\nwere compelled to step over him so frequently that one of them\\nbecame fretted and said to him, Get out of the way, or I ll\\nthrow you overboard, to which Dancy only replied, I wish you\\nwould. He doubtless felt it would be a relief, for he was so\\nsick that he never took off his spurs. As he had come aboard\\nbooted and spurred, so he landed at Quintana, ready to mount\\na pony for the interior.\\nAs on my first entrance into Texas, I brought with me for\\nsale a stock of goods, staple groceries, flour, sugar, coffee, bacon,\\nand other things. I hastened matters, for the reason that on\\nthe first of January, 1837, the duties were to be increased on all\\nimportations into Texas. Others, of course, were moved by the\\nsame cause, and there was great activity in this business. I suc-\\nceeded in getting a vessel promptly, and entered the Brazos\\namong the foremost.\\nOur vessel had scarcely been made fast upon our arrival at\\nVelasco before an officer, who proved to be MaJ. Isaac N. More-\\nland, the commandant of the post, came on board. He desired", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "42 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nto know what cargo there was on the schooner. Learning from\\nthe captain that there were one hundred barrels of flour on\\nboard, he at once said, I must have it for the army. To whom is\\nit consigned The captain informed him that the owner was on\\nthe vessel, called me, and introduced me as the owner of the\\nflour. Major Moreland then said, The troops are suffering, and\\nI must have the flour on government account. What is the\\nprice? I told him that the flour had cost very high in conse-\\nquence of the upper rivers being closed with ice when I pur-\\nchased, and to make anything I must have $18 per barrel in gold.\\nHe assented to the price, but remarked, You will have to take\\ngovernment receipts. I then explained my condition, that it\\nwould ruin me flnancially if I did not receive the money for the\\nflour; that it was purchased on very short time, and I would not\\nbe able to meet the obligation. I then said: There will be\\nseveral vessels arriving in a few days, all with flour on board. I\\nwill give you ten barrels of my flour. That will run you until\\nother arrivals, when you can draw additional supplies from them,\\nmaking it equal on us all. We compromised on that. I turned\\nover to him ten barrels at $30 per barrel, taking government\\ncertificates. These were paid to me some fifteen years afterward,\\nujDon the sale of the Santa Fe territory to the United States.\\nThus one part of my merchandise was put out on long time\\nwithout any interest, at the period when I needed it most; but\\nthat was in common with many other citizens, and we all sub-\\nmitted cheerfully. Besides this, another circumstance affected\\nmy mercantile prospects. Congress, before adjourning, had ex-\\ntended the time for the importation of goods under the tariff\\nalready existing. The result of this was to glut the market,\\nparticularly with the necessaries of life. Thus I did not sell\\nout so rapidly. Probably this was the means of moving me from\\nthe Brazos to a new place and changing my whole life, as I did\\nnot make such a financial success in mechandising as to fasten\\nme to it.\\nA few days after landing, the schooner Mexicana was captured\\nby the Texas privateer Tom Toby. She fortunately had quite a\\nlarge lot of Mexican sack flour, as well as other valuable army\\nsupplies on board. She was taken in charge by Capt. R. J. Cal-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 43\\nder, the sheriff at that time of a large adjacent territory. He\\nemployed me to assist him in the sale of the captured cargo.\\nThis was my f]rst labor for the government of Texas, soon\\nafter I had come to make my home in Texas, in December, 1836.\\nVelasco was then the prospective seaport and commercial em-\\nporium of the young republic that was cradled in the rich valley\\nof the Brazos, and now again after half a century she lifts her\\nhead with buoyant hope of success.\\nThis work at Velasco accomplished, to make my wife com-\\nfortable, we went up to Brazoria and boarded with Mrs. Jane\\nLong, the widow of Gen. Jas. Long. He invaded Texas with\\nabout 300 men, taking Nacogdoches in 1819, but after a series\\nof misfortunes was captured at Goliad in 1821 and taken off to\\nMexico. His faithful wife, left at Bolivar Point, near Galveston\\nIsland, and deserted by all but a servant girl, remained at her\\npost during the succeeding winter, vainly expecting the return\\nof General Long, who was murdered in the City of Mexico. To\\nkeep off the Karanchua Indians, Mrs. Long herself frequently\\nfired off the cannon at the fort. She was rescued the next year\\nby some of Austin s colonists. Mrs. Long s career had in it a\\ntouch of romance very rare even in the Southwest. She was a\\nsensible, strong-minded woman, and she highly entertained us\\nwith the recital of her thrilling adventures.\\nWe made some distinguished acquaintances at Mrs. Long s\\namong others. Judge Ben C. Franklin and General Lamar, then\\nVice-President of the Republic, in the prime of life and the halo\\nof his glory won at San Jacinto. He was a man of the French\\ntype, five feet seven or eight inches high, with dark complexion,\\nblack, long hair, inclined to curl, and gray eyes. Lamar was\\npeculiar in his dress; wore his clothes very loose, his pants being\\nof that old style, very baggy, and with large pleats, looking odd,\\nas he was the only person I ever saw in Texas in that style of\\ndress. I found the Vice-President rather reserved in conversa-\\ntion; it was said, however, that he was quite companionable vidth\\nhis intimate friends. He had proved his soldiership at San Ja-\\ncinto he was now trying the role of statesman. One of the\\nguests at Mrs. Long s was telling a fishy story, with extra embel-\\nlishments, when Lamar dryly remarked: I have known men", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "44 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nto add a little fiction to their stories to make them interesting,\\nbut this fellow lies without metes, bounds, or landmarks.\\nJudge Franklin, also a soldier of San Jacinto, as I under-\\nstand, presided over the first court held under the judicial sys-\\ntem of American Texas. Judge Franklin was about six feet\\nhigh, well proportioned, with fair complexion and dark hair,\\na good lawyer, affable and courteous in manners.\\nShortly after this, coming from Quintana to Brazoria on\\nhorseback, I was belated, got lost, and had to spend the night in\\nthe Brazos bottom. The darkness was made hideous by the yelp-\\ning of wolves, the cries of the Mexican panther, and the never\\nending hum of mosquitos. Being green from the States, I almost\\ndespaired of life, while anxiously waiting the issue. The wel-\\ncome morning brought me deliverance, but on my arrival at the\\nboarding house my face appeared so disfigured by mosquito bites\\nthat my wife scarcely recognized me. This horrible night s ex-\\nperience in the Brazos bottom six decades ago is still distinct\\nin my memory.\\nAbout the last of December, 1836, I met the brothers A. C.\\nThrough the period of a long life the ex- Vice President, Governor\\nLorenzo de Zavala, has been the unswerving and consistent friend of\\nliberal principles and free government. Among the first movers of the\\nRevolution in his native country, he has never departed from the pure\\nand sound principles upon which it was originally founded. This steady\\nand unyielding devotion to the holy cause of liberty has been amply re-\\nwarded by the high confidence of the virtuous portion of two republics.\\nThe gentleman, the scholar, and the patriot, he goes into retirement\\nwith the undivided affections of his fellow citizens; and I know, gentle-\\nmen, that I only express your own feelings when I say that it is the\\nwish of every member of this assembly that the evening of his days may\\nbe as tranquil and happy as the meridian of his life has been useful and\\nhonorable. Extracts from Lamar s inaugural address.\\nHe had poetical and literary taste, and if he wished to say a thing\\nhe could do it admirably well.\\nJust before this time, November 15, 1856, his predecessor in office,\\nLorenzo de Zavala, passed away at his home on Bufi alo Bayou, near\\nLynchburg. I regret that I had not the opportunity of knowing this\\ngreat and good man. Subsequently I became well acquainted with and\\nfrequently visited his elegant family at their old homestead. His death\\noccurred in less than one month after Vice President Lamar s compli-\\nmentary remarks.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 45\\nand J. K. Allen, whose acquaintance I had made before at Co-\\nlumbia. These thorough-going business men had tried to pur-\\nchase the site of old Harrisburg for the purpose of founding a\\ntown, but failing in this they bought the Parott league, a few\\nmiles above, on Buffalo Bayou. On this league, at the head of\\nnavigation, they had laid out the new town of Houston, named in\\nhonor of the President of the Republic. By their enterprise and\\ninfluence they had succeeded in getting the seat of government\\nremoved to that place, to remain until 1840.\\nThese brothers (A. C. and J. K.) had been in Texas three or\\nfour years, and three other brothers arrived in Houston soon\\nafter its location all of them good and prominent citizens.\\nJ. K. Allen was a very bright, quick man, with much magic\\nabout him, and well calculated to enthuse the young. A. C. was\\nmore taciturn and settled; he was a married man, with his fam^\\nily then in Nacogdoches. The former died very soon after locat^\\ning the place; the latter lived many years thereafter.\\nThe Aliens encouraged me to go with them, taking the goods\\nstill on hand to open a house in the town of Houston. We took\\na small steamer called the Laura, owned by McKinney Wil-\\nliams. It was commanded by Captain West, a boy chum of mine,\\nand son of Dr. West, of Beaufort, S. C. Among her passengers\\nwere J. K. Allen, one of the proprietors of the new town, Gen.\\nMcsely Baker, and Judge Benjamin C. Franklin, both distin-\\nguished lawyers of this section, the former the captain of a com-\\npany at San Jacinto. We made a safe run into Galveston Bay,\\nwhere we lay aground several days, and thence up the bay and\\nBuffalo Bayou, arriving at Harrisburg without difficulty. The\\nnavigation after entering the bayou was good, with plenty of\\nwater and breadth, until we reached this place.\\nHere we were cordially welcomed by the people of the village,\\namong them the Birdsalls, Wilsons, Richardsons, and Harrises.\\nThe town was called Harrisburg, as was also the county, after the\\nlast named family. Subsequently the name of the county was\\nchanged to Harris by law. My friend, Mrs. Andrew Briscoe, now\\nliving in Houston, is a daughter of Mr. John R. Harris of this\\nplace. She is now the widow of Capt. Andrew Briscoe, who com-\\nmanded a company of regulars at the battle of San Jacinto. He\\nwas one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. Sub-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "46 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsequently I had the pleasure of having him for a friend and\\nneighbor for many years. jNTo boat had ever been above this\\nplace, and we were three days making the distance to Houston,\\nonly six miles by the dirt road, but twelve by the bayou. The\\nslow time was in consequence of the obstructions we were com-\\npelled to remove as we progressed. We had to rig what were\\ncalled Spanish windlasses on the shore to heave the logs and\\nsnags out of our way, the passengers all working faithfully. All\\nhands on board would get out on the shore, and cutting down a\\ntree would make of it a windlass by boring holes in it and placing\\nit upon a support and throwing a bight of rope around it, secure\\none end to a tree in the rear and the other to the snags or fallen\\ntrees in the water. Then by means of the capstan bars we would\\nturn the improvised capstan on land, and draw from the track\\nof our steamer the obstructions. Capitalist, dignified judge, mili-\\ntary heroes, young merchant in fine clothes from the dressiest\\ncity in the United States, all lent a helping hand. It being\\nnecessary to lie by at night, in the evenings we had a good time\\ndancing and frolicking with the settlers on the shore, who were\\ndelighted to see newcomers from the States.\\nJust before reaching our destination a party of us, becoming\\nweary of the steamer, took a yawl and concluded we would hunt\\nfor the city. So little evidence could we see of a landing that\\nwe passed by the site and run into White Oak Bayou, only realiz-\\ning that we must have passed the city when we struck in the\\nbrush. We then backed down the bayou, and by close observation\\ndiscovered a road or street laid oft from the water s edge. Upon\\nlanding we found stakes and footprints, indicating that we were\\nin the town tract.\\nThis was about the first of January, 1837, when I discovered\\nHouston. For though I did not accompany Columbus when he\\ndiscovered America, as is asserted, I certainly was in at the dis-\\ncovery of Houston, the Laura being the first steamer that ever\\nreached her landing. Wharves were not in Texas.\\nA few tents were located not far away; one large one was used\\nas a saloon. Several small houses were in the course of erec-\\ntion. Logs were being hauled in from the forest for a hotel to\\nbe erected (where the Hutchins House now stands) by Col. Ben-\\njamin Fort Smith, who was the inspector-general at the battle", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS, 47\\nof Sau Jacinto. A small number of workmen were preparing\\nto build cabins, business houses, and this hotel. We boarded on\\nthe steamer for several days, and in the meantime hastened busi-\\nness upon the shore.\\nImmediately I made a contract with the agent of the Aliens,\\nJ. S. Holman, to have put up for me a small clapboard house on\\na lot that I had purchased from the town company, paying $250\\nfor the lot and $350 for the house. This was built of three-foot\\npine* boards and covered with three-foot boards, and contained\\nall told one room about twelve feet square and a smaller shed\\nroom. There was one door leading into the main room and one\\ndoor from that room into the shed room, both of three-foot\\nboards, with all hinges and fastenings made of wood. There was\\nno window in the house. When air and light were wanted, a\\nboard was knocked off. A few rough boards were laid down for\\nthe floor, not extending under the bed. This, I believe, is the\\nhouse Judge D. T. Tyler built for me. All lumber used at that\\ntime in building was sawed by hand and cost $150 per 1000\\nfeet. The bedstead put up in the corner was made by driving\\nforked sticks into the ground and laying poles across with clap-\\nboards for slats to support the moss mattress.\\nHenry Allen, one of the proprietors of the town, had a small\\nlog house, and I contracted with him to take care of my goods\\ntill I should go back to the Brazos for my wife and my mer-\\nchandise.\\nI went by steamboat for my wife and goods on the Brazos.\\nWe returned the same way and reached our clapboard shanty\\nwithout accident in good time. I also contracted for and had\\nbuilt a large wooden structure as a storehouse, costing nearly\\n$6000. My friend, Bobert P. Boyce, was the builder. He proved\\nto be a substantial, worthy, enterprising citizen, and was well\\nknown to all the old veterans, as he was one of them.\\nIn our two-roomed mansion we lived, sleeping for many\\nmonths on our thin moss mattress, until we could get our fur-\\nniture from New Orleans. Brother Tom also came to live with\\nus. We were young and happy, and although accustomed to\\nevery comfort and some luxuries, we took cheerfully every in-\\nconvenience and hardship, looking with hope to the great future\\nof Texas. And I can say that neither of us ever regretted the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "48 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nmove in our youthful days from the great Southern mart, New\\nOrleans.\\nAbout this time I sold the first tlour sold by the barrel, and\\nthe first entire sack of coffee sold in Houston, the flour at $30\\nper barrel and the coffee at 25 cents per pound, gold.\\nHarrisburg County, created by the General Council at San\\nFelipe, had just been fully organized. Captain Andrew Briscoe,\\nelected chief justice by the first Congress, proceeded under the\\nlaw to hold elections for precinct and county officers, with these\\nresults: Sheriff, John W. Moore; coroner, Wm. Little; clerk\\ndistrict court, Jas. S. Holman; clerk county court, Dewitt Clin-\\nton Harris.\\nSo there was nothing lacking now in the way of good civil\\ngovernment.\\nCaptain Briscoe rather distrusted his own abilities, as appears\\nfrom one of his letters dated Harrisburg, January 9, 1837, to\\nGeneral Eusk, then Secretary of State. I give the following\\nextract from this letter in the office of the Secretary of State:\\nYou must be aware that none but lawyers can pretend to do\\nlaw business correctly. It is extremely awkward to undertake a\\nkind of business of which one is entirely ignorant of the rules\\nand form of proceedings. I believe I am a good soldier; but I\\nshall make a very indifferent probate judge or notary public.\\nThe people, however, differed with the captain in this matter,\\nand the veteran of San Jacinto was recognized as a most intelli-\\ngent and efficient civil officer.\\nThe different governmental bodies of Texas, as the Consulta-\\ntion, the Provisional Government, and the Government ad in-\\nterim, had met at various points in small frame buildings or\\nshanties, and when the first Congress of the Constitutional Gov-\\nernment assembled at Columbia, each house had to occupy a\\nsmall frame building. I will right here name all the capitals\\nthat American Texas ever had up to this time: San Felipe de\\nAustin, Washington, Harrisburg, Galveston, Velasco, Colum-\\nbia, and lastly Houston.\\nThe archives had already been brought over from Columbia,\\nand many of the prominent officials, including President Hous-\\nton, had arrived at the new seat of government.\\nThe Aliens had undertaken to provide a capitol building at", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\n49\\nHouston, but fearing they might not have it ready for the meet-\\ning of Congress on the 1st of May, erected on Main Street a\\none-story building covering the front of an entire block. At one\\ncorner of the block a large room was constructed for the Senate,\\nand on the other corner a larger one for the House of Eepre-\\nsentatives, and the space between partitioned oif into rooms for\\nthe department offices. Col. Thos. W. Ward was the capitol con-\\ntractor under the Aliens. The work was not begun till the 16th\\nCAPITOL OF THE REPUBLIC, 1837-39.\\nof April, but it was pushed with such energy that the capitol,\\nthough not finished, was far enough advanced to accommodate\\nCongress and the heads of departments. Accordingly, on May\\nl.?t, the adjourned session of the First Congress met in the re-\\nspective chambers, fitted up and furnished for business.\\nNext after organization of the two houses came the imposing\\nceremonies attendant upon the delivery of the President s mes-\\nsage.\\nAt 12 m. (May 5, 1837) his excellency the President entered\\nthe hall of the representatives accompanied by the heads of the\\nseveral departments and other officers of the Government, and\\nalso by Joseph Tucker Crawford, Esq., his Britannic Majestjr s", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "50 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nconsul at Tampico, now commissioned to this Republic, all\\npreceded by a joint committee of the Senate and House of Repre-\\nsentatives.\\nThe President was received by the members of the two houses\\nstanding, with heads uncovered, and conducted to a seat be-\\ntween the president pro tem. of the Senate and the speaker of\\nthe House.\\nThe heads of the departments, the British commissioner, and\\nthe other attendants of his excellency were accommodated with\\nseats on the right and on the left of the speaker s chair.\\nThe members having resumed their seats, after a short pause\\nhis excellency rose and read his message. (See House Journal,\\np. 9.)\\nAmong the matters noted by the President was the recent\\nrecognition of Texan independence by the United States and the\\nimproved prospects of the Republic thereby; the unsatisfactory\\nstate of the finances; his dissatisfaction at the land law; the in-\\nformation that a delegation consisting of twenty northern In-\\ndians on the borders of the United States had visited Matamoros\\nand stipulated with the Mexican authorities to furnish that gov-\\nernment 3000 warriors, well armed, as soon as it would invade\\nTexas; the favorable state of the army, which reflects credit upon\\nits general [Albert Sidney Johnston];, the effort being made to\\nprocure a navy; the iniquity of the African slave trade; and\\nfinally, as if to impress the British commissioners favorably, he\\ngave a striking resume of the resources of Texas and her increas-\\ning ability to maintain her independence against all the power\\nof Mexico.\\nAbout this time Messrs. Borden and Moore brought over their\\nnewspaper, the famous Telegraph, to Houston. The first issue\\ngives this racy account of their troubles in moving and setting\\nup again:\\nWe left Columbia on the Ifith ultimo (April, 1837), on the\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2steamer Yellowstone, expecting that we should be enabled to\\nissue this number of the Telegraph in the course of the same\\nweek, but disappointment and delay have met us at every turn.\\nAt Velasco we were detained a week on account of the surf on\\nthe bar; the tide left us fast aground one day at Clopper s bar,\\nand prevented us from reaching Ijynchburg until the evening of", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 51\\nthe 26th, and a great part of the ensuing day was spent in\\ngroping (if a steamboat can grope) at the rapid rate of one or\\ntwo miles an hour to the very crown of the head of navigation\\non Bufl alo Bayou at the city of Houston.\\nOn landing we determined to take time by the forelock, and\\nimmediately proceeded in search of the nearly finished building\\nintended for our press. Our search was fruitless; like others\\nwho have confided in speculative things, we have been deceived.\\nNo building had ever been nearly finished at Houston intended\\nfor the press. Fortunately, however, we have succeeded in rent-\\ning a shanty which, although like the capitol in this placSj\\nWithout a roof and without a floor,\\nWithout windows and without a door.\\nis the only convenient building obtainable. We have therefore\\nbeen compelled to engage it during this session of Congress.\\nN. B. Our troubles have not yet ended. The shanty is fall-\\ning about our ears, two massive beams have dropped down upon\\nthe stands, made a most disgusting in, and have driven the work-\\nmen to seek safety outside. The devil alone looks smiling at the\\nmischief.\\nAmong the early entertainments of the new town was a visit\\nof wild Indians to have with President Houston a big talk. We\\ngive it as told by a correspondent of the Philadelphia Morning\\nChronicle of that date:\\nEarly in May.. 1837, a day or two after the opening of the\\nCongress at the city of Houston, several tribes of Indians being\\nencamped in the splendid forest which covers the undulating\\nground on the opposite side of Buffalo Bayou where the city is\\nsituated, a big talk was arranged with the President Gen. Sam\\nHouston, and the cabinet of Texas, at which Mr. Crawford was\\ninvited to be present.\\nThe ^talk was held in the White House of Texas, General\\nHouston s residence, then a log cabin consisting of a passage or\\nhall open at both ends, and a room of very moderate dimensions\\non each side.\\nOn the anniversary of the battle of San Jacinto (21st of\\nApril) a lofty flagstaff had been erected on Main Street, and on", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "52 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthis occasion a splendid silk flag of the new Republic was for the\\nfirst time displayed from it. Around this flag several hundreds\\nol Indians and squaws danced a grand war dance. They\\nbegan nioving around the center like so many radii, as is done\\nin the flower dance when represented on the stage, accompanying\\nthe movement in a dull and monotonous sort of music of their\\nown voices, which became quicker and quicker till they got into\\na very rapid motion with occasional shouts and yells, and then all\\nat once stopped and suddenly dispersed.\\nAfter this, the chiefs adjourned to the talk. These con-\\nsisted of some six elderly and very sedate, grave gentlemen, who\\nwere seated around a table and communicated through an in-\\nterpreter. The latter appeared a very intelligent, middle-aged\\nman, and seemed to possess the implicit confidence of the chiefs.\\nGeneral Houston acquitted himself with his usual tact on\\nsuch occasions, and aroused a real enthusiasm by his talk to the\\nredmen. But nothing can be done towards treating with In-\\ndians without presents, so next comes that most impoi Lant part\\nof the whole ceremony.\\nIn the afternoon the presents were delivered and instant dis-\\ntribution began, each carrying away his respective share. To-\\nbacco seemed of all the articles they received to be the most es-\\nteemed. Drunkenness then began, and at last General Houston\\nhad to send around to the liquor stores to request that no more\\nwhisky should be sold, which had the effect of inducing them\\nquietly to retire to their camp, but the woods rang nearly all\\nnight with their yells.\\nThese Indians, when out of sight, forgot all their fine talk\\nwith General Houston, and on their way back to their country\\nkilled and scalped several whites.\\nAmong the notables at Houston on the opening of Congress\\nwere Alcee La Branche, the United States charge d affaires, and\\nR. J. Walker of Mississippi, the first mover of Texas independ-\\nence in the United States Senate.\\nThe ornithologist, J. J. Audubon, gives the following interest-\\ning account of his visit to President Houston in his diary. May\\n4, 1837:\\nWe walked towards the President s house accompanied by the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 53\\nSecretary of the Navy, and as soon as we rose above the bank we\\nsaw before us a level of far-extending prairie destitute of timber,\\nand rather poor soil. Houses half finished and most of them\\nwithout roofs, tents and Liberty pole, with the capitol, were all\\nexhibited to our view at once. We approached the President s\\nmansion, however, wading in water above our ankles. This abode\\nof President Houston is a small log house consisting of two\\nrooms and a passage through, after the Southern fashion. The\\nmoment we stepped over the threshold on the right hand of the\\npassage we found ourselves ushered into what in other countries\\nwould be called the antechamber. The ground floor, however,\\nwas muddy and filthy; a large fire was burning, and a small\\ntable covered with paper and writing material was in the center;\\ncampbeds, trunks, and different materials were strewed around\\nthe room. Here we were presented to Mr. Crawford, an agent of\\nthe British minister to Mexico, who has come on a secret mission.\\nThe president was engaged in an opposite room on some national\\nbusiness and we could not see him for some time. Meanwhile,\\nwe amused ourselves by walking in the capitol, which was yet\\nwithout a roof, and the floors, benches, and tables of both houses\\nof Congress were as well saturated with water as our clothes had\\nbeen in the morning. Being invited by one of the great men of\\nthe place to enter a booth to take a drink of grog with him, we\\ndid so; but I was rather surprised that he offered his name in-\\nstead of the cash to the barkeeper.\\nWe first caught sight of President Houston as he walked\\nfrom one of the grogshops, where he had been to stop the sale\\nof ardent spirits. He was on his way to his house, and wore a\\nlarge gray coarse hat; and the bulk of his figure reminded me\\nof the appearance of General Hopkins of Virginia; for, like him,\\nhe is upward of six feet high and strong in proportion. But I\\nobserved a scowl in the expression of his eyes that was forbidding\\nand disagreeable. We reached his abode before him, but he soon\\ncame in and we were presented to his excellency. He was dressed\\nin a fancy velvet coat and trousers trimmed with broad gold lace,\\nand around his neck was tied a cravat somewhat in the style of\\n76. He received us kindly, was desirous of retaining us for\\nawhile, and offered us every facility in his power. He at once", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "64 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nremoved us from the anteroom to his private chamber, which\\nby the way was not much cleaner than the former. We were sev-\\nerally introduced by him to the different members of his cabinet\\nand staff, and at once asked to drink with them, which we did,\\nwishing success to the new Eepublic. Our talk was short, but\\nthe impression which was made on our mind at the time by\\nhimself, his officers, and the place of his abode, can never be for-\\ngotten.\\nHouston having been made the seat of government, at once be-\\ncame the attractive point of all Texas. Water communication\\nwa= good down Buffalo Bayou to Galveston, and vessels at once\\nengaged in making regular trips to that city from New Orleans\\nand other points, and many delivered their cargoes at the Hous-\\nton wharf. A large trade soon sprang up with the country by\\nmeans of ox teams and the capital city soon became the com-\\nmercial mart of the Republic. Capital began to flow to it, and\\nindustrious, enterprising men engaged in all occupations, giving\\nthe city a lively business air.\\nYet while it was eligibly located, having the advantage of good\\nnavigation and a very rich tributary country, it was a very\\nmuddy place, almost the entire town tract being black, stiff land,\\nand with very poor drainage, so that, with the immense wagon\\ntrade, the roads and streets, although very wide and handsome,\\nwere almost impassable in wet weather.\\nThen building material at an early day was scarce and high,\\nowing much to the want of labor. There was no stone, and for\\na long time no brick was manufactured, though material in\\nabundance for them was there and it is now largely utilized.\\nIjumber, so abundant nearby and running so many mills at\\npiesent, was furnished then only by the whip-saw. An occasional\\ncargo came in from abroad and was sold as high as $100 to $150\\nper 1000 feet. Thus very few good houses were built the first\\nfew years. In fact the majority of the buildings for a long time\\nwere of logs, clapboards, and rough sawed boards, and the heat-\\ning done by stick and mud chimneys. Stoves at that time were\\nvery seldom if ever seen.\\nThe army was being furloughed in the winter of 1837 and\\n1838, and finally disbanded. This brought a large number of\\nsoldiers to the city, consequently there was much dissipation.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 55\\ngambling, and fighting. The city, however, was well officered\\nand policed, and very little outlawry was permitted. Courts\\nwere organized and punishment was meted out promptly.\\nAn occurrence at an early day shows how Houston failed to\\nget a carriage factory and lost at least one good immigrant.\\nCharles Hedenberg, of the firm of Hedenberg Vedder, com-\\nmission merchants, had induced an uncle of his to come out\\nfrom New Jersey with the view of establishing a carriage manu-\\nfactory. Arriving very early in the morning, his trunks were\\ntaken to the business house of Hedenberg Vedder. About 10\\no clock of that day Hedenberg suggested to his uncle that the\\nCongress of the Eepublic was then in session, and that if he\\nwould go up to the capitol he might be entertained, and after a\\nwhile they would go to the house. The Jersey man proceeded\\nto the capitol after a short time, and while seated in the Senate\\nchamber rapid firing took place in the hall of the building, which\\ncaused everyone to leave the chamber. Repairing to the hall\\nto see what was going on, he (Hedenberg) witnessed the bearing\\noff of Algernon Thompson, badly shot by one Brashear, both\\nclerks in the senate. He probably had never shot a pistol or\\nseen the effects of a shot before, and immediately left the build-\\ning, going down Main Street on the west side. After traveling\\nvery fast and walking several blocks, in passing the Round Tent\\nSaloon a soldier who was shot by one Seevey nearly fell upon\\nhim. He at once with a double quick rushed across to the east\\nside of the street, and just as he got over and directly in front\\nof John Carlos Saloon a party rushed out of the door, almost\\nrunning against him, with his bowels protruding from an im-\\nmense bowie knife wound inflicted by a discharged soldier. His\\nsteps were again quickened and he hastened to the store of his\\nnephew nearby, out of breath, and gasped Charley, have you\\nsent my trunks to the house? No, uncle; not yet. Well,\\ndo not send them. Get me a dray so I can at once take them to\\nthe boat that leaves for Galveston this afternoon. Why,\\nuncle, what do you mean? Why, you have seen nothing; have\\nnot had time to look at the town. Charley, I have seen\\nenough. I wish to return home immediately. I do not wish\\nto see any more of Texas. Charley had been busy in the store\\nand knew nothino; of the scenes that had been witnessed bv his", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "56 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nNew Jersey uncle and so was quite surprised at the causes lead-\\ning to the hasty return of his kinsman, who immediately took his\\nh\u00c2\u00a3.ggage to the boat, got in his stateroom, left Texas, and never\\nreturned.\\nI arrived at the capitol before Thompson, who was severely\\nbut not fatally shot, was borne away; but I saw and heard noth-\\ning of the New Jersey man, to whom I had been introduced in\\nthe morning, until I returned to the store of Hedenberg Ved-\\nder. Charley was a great friend of mine and brother to Maggie\\nHedenberg, who was then at our house, where she remained un-\\ntil she married C. K. Hall, both lifelong friends of ours. So on\\ntheir account I was more than usually interested in the new im-\\nmigrant, and though I have often laughed over it since that time,\\nI sympathized deeply with him when Charley gave me a regret-\\nful and graphic description of his uncle s quick departure.\\nYet the courts of justice performed their duty sternly and\\nwith good results. To give an illustration of speedy punishment,\\none Quick killed a man with whom he was gambling, one\\nJones killed Mandrid Wood, a member of the celebrated\\nNew Orleans Grays, all of them soldiers. The grand jury was in\\nsession. They were indicted, tried, and convicted of murder in\\nthe first degree. I was foreman of the jury in one of the cases.\\nThe defendants were represented by able counsel, one of the\\ncounsel being Charles Watrous, a very able lawyer, quite dis-\\ntinguished later on, and who died a federal judge. Motions\\nwere made and argued for new trials, and every effort made to\\ndelay the sentence of death. Judge J. W. Eobinson overruled\\nevery motion made, although the defendants attorneys asserted\\nthat if the men were hung they would be judicially murdered.\\nThey were brought into court for sentence. It had been rep-\\nresented to the court that the jail was very insecure, the weather\\nwas cold, and the prisoners quite uncomfortable, particularly as\\nthey had to be kept ironed for security. So the judge pro-\\nnounced sentence that the two men, the prisoners, in conse-\\nquence of the insecurity of tlie jail, the extreme cold weather,\\nand their uncomfortable situation, be hung on the Friday fol-\\nLieutenant-Governor under the Provisional Government in 1835-36,\\nand acting Governor on the deposition of Henry Smith.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 57\\nlowing their conviction, which was done; and the spot where\\nthey were executed is called to this day hangmen s grove.\\nIt must be borne in mind that at the time of these occur-\\nrences the country was just emerging from a war that had been\\ngoing on for a long while. Every man with but few exceptions\\nhad been in the army and bore arms, and the few civilians out-\\nside of the military were in the habit of going armed; so that\\npeople were ready to resent insult and wrong without waiting\\nfor the slow process of the law, hence many personal difficulties\\noccurred.\\nIt can be said, however, that in those times very few brutal\\nmurders or assassinations took place; generally when killings\\noccurred they were caused from sudden difficulties and in hot\\nblood.\\nFor the fact is, from the very first settlement of Houston we\\nhad good people, intelligent men, and elegant women men and\\nwomen of good breeding and fine culture. We had them from\\nthe different States and from foreign countries and with all the\\nwildness and recklessness of a new country in her environs so-\\nciety was on a firm, fixed, and honest basis. We soon had a\\ngood legal bar, with proper courts, learned physicians, good\\npreachers, and intelligent school teachers.\\nJust one year from the battle of San Jacinto we had a grand\\nSan Jacinto ball, and it would have reflected credit on any one\\nof the large cities of the United States on account of the great\\nnumber attending, drawn for miles from the settled portions of\\nthe State, the many beautiful women present with their fine\\ncostumes and the many elegant looking young men handsomely\\ndressed. And why not? for the most of them had not been in\\nTexas long enough to wear out the finery they had brought with\\nthem from the States, and if anything new was purchased it\\ngenerally came from N^ew Orleans, the Paris of America.\\nThe following account is from the Ladies Messenger. The ball\\ncame off in a large two-story building about finished on the spot\\nnow occupied by Mr. T. W. House s bank:\\nChandeliers were suspended from the beams overhead, but\\nthey reseml)led the glittering ornament of to-day in naught save\\nthe use for which they were intended. Made of wood, with sock-\\nets to hold the sperm candles, and distributed at regular dis-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "58 LUBBOCK 8 MEMOIRS.\\ntances, each pendant comprised five or six lights, which shed a\\ndim radiance, but alas, a liberal spattering of sperm upon the\\ndancers beneath. The floor being twent}^ feet wide, by fifty feet\\nin length, could easily accommodate several cotillions, and, al-\\nthough the citizens of Houston were very few, all the space was\\nrequired for the large number who came from Brazoria, Colum-\\nbia, San Felipe, Harrisburg, and all the adjacent country. La-\\ndies and gentlemen came in parties on horseback distances of\\nfifty and sixty miles, accompanied by men servants and ladies\\nmaids, who had in charge the elegant ball costumes for the im-\\nportant occasion. From Harrisburg they came in large row\\nboats, that mode of conveyance being preferable to a horseback\\nride through the thick undergrowth, for at that time there was\\nnothing more than a bridle path to guide the traveler between\\nthe two places.\\nGen. Moseley Baker, one of Houston s first citizens, was liv-\\ning with his wife and child (now Mrs. Fannie Darden) in a small\\nhouse built of clapboards; the house comprised one large room\\ndesigned to serve as parlor, bedroom, and dining-room, and a\\nsmall shedroom at the back. The floor, or rather the lack of\\nfloor in the large apartment, was concealed by a carpet, which\\ngave an air of comfort contrasting strongly with the surround-\\nings.\\nAs the time for going to the ball drew near, which was as\\nsoon as convenient after dark, several persons assembled at Gen-\\neral Baker s for the purpose of going together. These were\\nGeneral Houston, Frank R. Lubbock (since Governor and now\\nState Treasurer) and his wife, John Birdsall (soon after At-\\ntorney-General), and Mary Jane Harris (the surviving widow of\\nAndrew Briscoe). General Houston was Mrs. Baker s escort.\\nGeneral Baker having gone to see that some lady friends were\\nprovided for. When this party approached the ball room, where\\ndancing had already begun, the music, which was rendered by\\nviolin, bass viol and fife, immediately struck up Hail to the\\nChief; the dancers withdrew to each side of the hall, and the\\nwhole party, General Houston and Mrs. Baker leading, and\\nmaids bringing up the rear, marched to the upper end of the\\nroom. Having here laid aside wraps, and exchanged black slip-\\nperr. for white ones, for there was no dressing room, they were", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 59\\nready to join in the dance, which was soon resumed. A new\\ncctillion was formed by the party who had just entered, with\\nthe addition of another couple, whose names are not preserved,\\nand l\\\\lr. Jacoh Cruger took the place of Mr. Birdsall, who did\\nnot dance. General Houston and Mrs. Baker were partners, Mrs.\\nLubbock and Mr. George Cruger, and Mr. Lubbock and Miss\\nHarris. Then were the solemn figures of the stately cotillion\\nexecuted with care and precision, the grave balancing steps, the\\ndos a dos, and others to test the nimbleness and grace of dan-\\ncers.\\nGeneral Houston had just returned from New Orleans, where\\nhe had been since the battle of San Jacinto for the purpose of\\nhaving his wound treated. Being the President elect, he was\\nof course the hero of the day, and his dress on this occasion was\\nunique and somewhat striking. His ruffled shirt, scarlet eassi-\\nmere waistcoat and suit of black silk velvet, corded with gold,\\nwas admirably adapted to set off his fine, tall figure; his boots,\\nwith short red tops, were laced and folded down in such a way\\nas to reach but little above the ankles, and were finished at the\\nheels with silver spurs. The spurs were, of course, quite a use-\\nless adornment, but they were in those days so commonly worn\\nas to seem almost a part of the boots. The weakness of General\\nHouston s ankle, resulting from the wound, was his reason for\\nsubstituting boots for the slippers then universally worn by\\ngentlemen for dancing.\\nMrs. Baker s dress of white satin, with black lace overdress,\\ncorresponded in elegance with that of her escort, and the dresses\\nof most of the other ladies were likewise rich and tasteful. Some\\nwore white mull, with satin trimmings; others were dressed in\\nwhite and colored satins, but naturally in so large an assembly,\\ngathered from many different places, there was great variety in\\nthe quality of costumes. All, however, wore their dresses short,\\ncut low in the neck, sleeves generally short, and all wore orna-\\nments of flowers or feathers in their hair, some flowers of Mexi-\\ncan manufacture being particularly noticeable on account of\\ntheir beauty and rarity.\\nAt about midnight the signal for supper was given, and the\\ndancers marched over to the hotel of Mr. Ben Fort Smith, which", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "60 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nstood near the middle of the block now occupied by the Hutch-\\nins House. This building consisted of two very large rooms,\\nbuilt of pine poles, laid up like a log house, with a long shed\\nextending the full length of the rooms. Under this shed, quite\\ninnocent of floor or carpet, the supper was spread; the tempting\\nturkeys, venison, cakes, etc., displayed in rich profusion; the\\nexcellent coffee, and sparkling wines invited all to partake freely,\\nand soon the witty toast and hearty laugh went around.\\nThe menu card, with its enticing suggestions to pampered\\nappetites was not needed, nor was the costly souvenir of latter\\nday entertainments; most truly did good digestion wait upon\\nappetite, and memory stored away in her cupboard more\\nludicrous incidents and witty sayings than could be gathered to-\\ngether from a score of elegant modern soirees.\\nReturning to the ball room, dancing was resumed with re-\\nnewed zest, and continued until the energy of the musicians be-\\ngan to flag, and the prompter failed to call out the figures with\\nhis accustomed gusto; then the cotillion gave place to the time-\\nhonored Virginia reel, and by the time each couple had enjoyed\\nthe privilege of going down the middle, daylight began to\\ndawn, parting salutations were exchanged, and the throng of\\ndancers separated, many of them never to meet again.\\nEre long the memory of San Jacinto s first ball was laid\\naway among the mementoes of the dead, which, being with-\\ndrawn from their obscurit} only on each recurring anniversary,\\ncontinue to retain their freshness even after fifty years have\\nflown.\\nOf all the merry company who participated in that festival,\\nonly a few are known to be living at the present day. They are\\nex-Governor Lubbock, Capt. R. P. Boyce, Mrs. Wynns, Mrs.\\nMary J. Briscoe, and Mrs. Fannie Darden.\\nTexan.\\nA celebration was held at Liberty of the battle of San Jacinto,\\nApril 21, 1837. The managers were: Messrs. Luke Bryan, John\\nBooth, Hon. E. T. Branch, Dr. Wm. G. Lewis, K. Bryan, and\\nF. Harden.\\nThe proceedings were as follows: At dawn of the 21st the\\ncitizens and soldiers of the place assembled and fired salutes\\nwhich were heard for many miles around. At an early hour the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 61\\ntown was full of life and gayety, and the presence of many ladies\\ngreatly added to the scene. The place of celebration was soon\\ncrowded, and an appropriate address was delivered by the orator,\\nJ. B. Woods, Esq. Immediately after the oration the ladies were\\nconducted to a sumptuous dinner, and then retired to the house\\nto prepare to trip the light fantastic toe. Many of the victors\\nof San Jacinto and other citizens, to the number of 200, took\\npossession of a second repast, and after the cloth was removed\\nWilliam Harden, Esq., was conducted to the chair as president\\nof the day, and Judge Coit as vice-president, and the following\\nwere the regular toasts drank:\\n1. The President of the Republic of Texas (three cheers); tune,\\nMarch.\\n2. The Vice President of the Republic of Texas (three cheers);\\ntune, Welcome La Fayette.\\n3. The Day We Celebrate (six cheers); tune, Hail Columbia.\\n4. Texas May her foes turn pale at her name, and may she flour-\\nish until time is no more; tune, It ofttimes has been told.\\n5. The Heroes of San Jacinto Champions in the struggle for Lib-\\nerty, they justly merit the gratitude of their country; tune, When\\nwild war s deadly blast was blown.\\n6. To the memory of Travis (drank in silence).\\n7. Army of Mexico What a dust we flees kick up; tune, Spider\\nand the fly.\\n8. Texas Navy May she unfurl the banners of victory and ride tri-\\numphant on the ocean; tune, Lashed to the helm.\\n9. Star of Texas A beacon light to the path of liberty; tune,\\nYankee Doodle.\\n10. Soldiers of Texas May their breastworks be Honor, and Fear\\nalways a day s march behind them; tune, Soldier s Bride.\\n11. Mexican prisoners May they on their return home recollect\\nthe first lesson of Cyrus, To tell the truth; tune, Dear native\\nhomes.\\n12. Our host and hostess.\\n13. The fair\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The highest incentives to honor.\\nIn 1837, while I was a merchant, I left Houston to visit Bra-\\nzoria on important business. After transacting it I started back.\\nFor the horse I was riding, a very fine animal, I paid $250 in\\ngold. While traveling along the Brazos on the edge of the\\nprairie I was joined by a party of men. After journeying to-\\ngether a few miles we reached a beautiful point of woods ma-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "62 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\njestic trees, lovely shade, and fine peach soil. I had but recently\\narrived in Texas, and everything looked charming to me. I ex-\\npressed myself as carried away with this piece of wild land,\\nwhereupon the party told me it was his; that he owned the\\npoint a labor, 177 acres known as Parker s Point; that he\\nwould sell it very cheap, and named as his price $1000. He\\nthen told me his name, Davis Moore; that he was on his way to\\nhis father s place on Chocolate Bayou, Dr. Moore; that his\\npapers were there; that I had better go with him, spend the\\nnight, and ride to Houston next day. I accompanied him home,\\nand found the family owning quite a comfortable place. He\\nexhibited his papers showing that he had purchased the land,\\nand assuring me it was all right. I agreed to take the land, he\\nto come to Houston in a few days for the money. The next\\nmorning, after receiving from him proper direction, as there\\nwas no plain road, I started for Houston. I had to find the way\\nwith heads of creeks and motts of wood for guides. After trav-\\neling a few miles a fine bunch of mustangs or wild horses came\\nin sight. I concluded to give them chase, just for amusement.\\nMy horse was quite fleet, and soon ran in among the colts and\\nmares. Had I been accustomed then to the use of the rope I\\ncould very easily have caught one or more. However, I was\\nmerely running them for pastime, led away by excitement.\\nAfter playing with them for some time, traversing considerable\\nground, and preparing to resume my journey, I found my saddle-\\nbags, with valuable papers, my Mexican blanket and saddle\\nblanket, all gone. It then became necessary to cast about and\\nendeavor to recover the things. Much valuable time had been\\nlost in the racing, and after much more had been spent in the\\nsearch, night came on and none of the articles were recovered.\\nThere Avas nothing to do but drop down on the prairie, with\\nnot even a tree in several miles, and camp out. Tying the horse\\nto my saddle and laying my head upon it for a pillow, I passed\\nthe night. When morning came the search was renewed. While\\non the hunt I discovered a rider in the distance. I approached\\nhim, and when we met my story was told. He was very friendly,\\nsaw at once I was unaccustomed to prairie traveling, questioned\\nme as to my running the mustangs, and finally said, I know\\nnow where you started them; I know just how they would run;", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 63\\nthe slough is Mustang Slough. This slough in after years I\\nlearned to know very well, for it was directly in my cow range.\\nHe remarked, I will soon find your lost articles, and he at\\nonce proceeded to hunt the trail of the animals. Having found\\nit he followed it nip, and in a short time we picked up all that\\nI had dropped. He then gave me directions, so that after swim-\\nming one bad bayou (Bray s) I reached Houston, a tired and bet-\\nter informed man than when I left. But I was soon to be still\\nbetter informed. My land friend appeared in a few days and\\nreceived pay for the land. I rested in security, though I had\\nonly purchased a lovely elephant, having no use whatever for\\nii. When, however, I did think of using it, I found to my\\nchagrin and loss that the party had no title whatever. It is true\\nhe had a paper, and may have supposed he had a title, but it was\\nworthless. He proved also to be a worthless fellow, and I never\\ndid get a cent of my money back. I was brought up in old\\nSouth Carolina, where I had never heard of a man selling any-\\nthing that he did not own.\\nNow for the sequel to the mustang chase. Many years after\\nthat occurrence about twelve years I had started and was\\nsettled on my ranch. In the spring of the year my stockkeeper\\nwas on a hunt, particularly for my milch coavs, of which I then\\nowned quite a large number: He discovered that many of my\\nmost valuable milkers were held by a man living in the range\\nsome fifteen miles from my ranch. He drove the cows to the\\npen where the calves were, and requested that they be milked\\nand the calves turned with them so they could be driven oif.\\nWho are you? was asked by the indignant fellow holding the\\ncattle. My name is Darwin, was the reply. I am Mr. Lub-\\nbock s stockkeeper. You have some of his best cattle in your\\npen, and he wishes them driven home that his family may have\\nthe benefit of the milk and butter. The man replied, I know\\nI have some of his best cows up. Do you suppose I would bother\\nwith any but the best? Well, said Darwin, I am not here\\nfor fun; I am here to get Mr. Lubbock s cattle. He needs them,\\nand it is my duty to gather and drive his stock to the ranch.\\nWell, Mr. Darwin, my family needs the milk and butter, too,\\nand I can not spare the cows now. I will tell you what you do.\\nYou go liack to your ranch and tell Mr. Lubbock that I am the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "64 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nman that found him many years ago, when he was just green\\nfrom the States, on Mustang Slough, where he had been chas-\\ning mustangs; had lost all of his papers, his saddlebags, and\\nblankets, and did not know how to find his way to Houston. The\\nfact is, if it had not been for me the coyotes (wolves) would\\nhave eaten him up, and he would never have lived to have a\\nranch. You go home and tell him what I have said. On Dar-\\nwin s return he delivered the message, and I said: That man\\nis a truthful fellow; let him alone. If in driving you can get\\nthe cattle, all right; but never take one of my cows out of his\\npen. He is at liberty to milk my cows as long as I have any.\\nI regret that I can not recall his name, for that man was a good\\nSamaritan to me, and I had no wish to find fault when he\\nthought my time had come to do the Samaritan act.\\nIn those days there was a great deal of free and easy dealings\\nwith other people s cattle that was not severely criticised.\\nBut 1837 was not long enough to cure me of all the freshness\\nbrought from the States.\\nAll this time I was doing fairly well in my business as a\\nmerchant, and Houston continued to grow rapidly. Next we\\nbecame ambitious and wanted a city. So Congress incorporated\\nHouston as a city early in June, 1837. But organization hav-\\ning been delayed several weeks, we became impatient and held a\\nmeeting to expedite the matter.\\nDr. Eobert Marsh presided over the meeting, and Thomas\\nWilliam Ward acted as secretary. On motion, a committee of\\nthree citizens were appointed to wait on the Chief Justice and\\nhis associates for the purpose of forwarding the views of the\\ncitizens.\\nJudge Batterson, Thomas William Ward, and myself consti-\\ntuted the committee, and we were empowered to call the citizens\\ntogether again in five days if action was not taken by the Chief\\nJustice. This ended the matter, however, and the city was soon\\nproperly organized.\\nIn the latter part of the summer I disposed of my merchan-\\ndise. Then I determined to close up my mercantile business\\nbecause I had but little capital. Goods cost high, and having\\nbcught largely on credit in New Orleans, I was desirous of pay-\\ning up, which I could do by selling my store. Everybody did", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 65\\nnot come to Texas to keep from paying their debts, as it is\\nsometimes asserted. So I was determined to settle up and get\\nai something else. I was an active, go-ahead fellow, striving\\nto make a support for my young wife, and had confidence in my\\nown exertions being capital enough for us. Very soon an oppor-\\ntunity presented itself for obtaining a salary.\\nThe called session of the Second Congress convened in Hous-\\nton in September, and through the acquaintance and friendship\\nformed with a number of the congressmen, I was chosen assist-\\nant clerk of the House of Representatives. This employment\\nsuited me, and the pay ($i: per day), though not large, supported\\nus well, as people were supported in those days. This called\\nsession extended nearly to the regular session of the Second\\nCongress, which met on the 5th of November.\\nI had made rapid proficiency in my duties as clerk, and I\\nwas, on the organization of the House, easily elected chief clerk.\\nI was much gratified to know that I had so satisfactorily per-\\nformed my duties that my friends in the House deemed me\\nworthy of promotion. I am glad also to add that my worthy\\npredecessor, Judge Fairfax Gray, much older than myself, a\\ngood lawyer and reliable citizen, soon become secretary of the\\nSenate.\\nDuring the time of my clerkship I worked night and day. I\\ndid my very best on my duties as clerk, and at the same time\\nI was taking in Masonry as fast as I could. Both of my grand-\\nfathers as well as my father were Masons my grandfather Lub-\\nbock a distinguished Mason. So my predilections in that direc-\\ntion began with memory and fondness for them and led me\\nvery naturally to seek admittance at an early day into the ancient\\nand honorable order.\\nI have always volunteered a little advice to married men seek-\\ning admission into our lodges. Tell your wife and get her con-\\nsent. Most women until they understand the object and aims\\nof Masonry are opposed to the order, mainly because they know\\nthat married men are kept from home and their families and\\nfrequently quite late at night. They also see, unfortunately, as\\nis too much the case, dissipation in some who are recognized as\\ngood Masons. ]\\\\Iy wife had been reared with great prejudice\\nagainst the order, although her father had been a member. He\\n5", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nhowever, was a Catholic, and late in life, becoming quite re-\\nligious, gave up his Masonry as required by the rules of this\\nchurch. Knowing these facts, I dreaded to make my wife un-\\nhappy, and kept all knowledge of my doings on that line from\\nher. We were in our little home alone, except for the oc-\\ncasional presence of my brother. My duties as clerk of the house\\nkept me out quite late at night preparing for the morning s\\nwork. At the same time the lodge was busy making new mem-\\nbers, and as secretary I was compelled to give my labors in the\\nearly part of the night to the lodge, which required me at times\\nto spend nearly all night working up the clerk s business.\\nThis was unkind treatment to my devoted wife, for she\\nthought my time was occupied in my public duties. When she\\nfinally learned the facts of the case, it was a terrible blow to her.\\nI have never since doubted that had I confided in her she would\\nhave given her consent and all would have gone well. As it was,\\nher prejudice became greater, and to this cause more than any\\nother must I attribute my non-advancement at this period in\\nthe order. For I was fond of the work, loved my lodge and my\\nbrother Masons, and it is often a source of much regret on my\\npart that I should have failed in Masonic promotion and dis-\\ntinction. So after my experience I always say, Confide in your\\nwife; she is your best friend; she is true when all others fail\\nyou. My wife never softened towards Masonry until in 1865.\\nWhile I was chief clerk of the House of Representatives Presi-\\ndent Houston was occupying a small rough log cabin about\\ntwelve by sixteen feet, with probably a small shed attached.\\nThere was no fireplace nothing but a small clay furnace in\\nthe room for him to get over and warm his fingers, Indian\\nfashion.\\nThe question of securing a residence at once for the president\\nwas proposed in Congress, the friends of the measure urging the\\nimmediate necessity in consequence of his great discomfort. The\\ngovernment was about to issue a new currency. To the commit-\\ntee appointed to purchase a residence I proposed to sell for $6000\\nmy store, a large old-time one-story house and a half story above,\\nwith dormer windows, if they would pay me for it out of the\\nfirst money issued, so that I could remit at once to New Or-\\nleans. I made the sale. I then remitted and paid my debts with", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 67\\nthe money at par. In a short time the issue went down to eighty-\\ncents on the dollar.\\nThis house of mine thus sold to the government for an execu-\\ntive mansion of the Republic was on the corner of Main and\\nPreston Streets, and built by Capt. E. P. Boyce for my store-\\nhouse.\\nDuring the next spring, Congress voted $3000 more for re-\\npairs; and when Lamar became President there was an additional\\nappropriation of $5000 to complete, repair, and furnish the ex-\\necutive mansion. As the capital was removed to Austin in the\\nfall of 1839, President Lamar did not occupy this building\\nlong.\\nThere was in the fall of this year (1837) much sickness among\\nthe members of Congress, caused as I believed from the use of\\nthe bayou water, which I thought impure. Having been ac-\\ncustomed all my life to the use of rain water, I proposed to the\\nCongressmen that if the\\\\ would furnish me with $500 I could\\nprocure for them in a very few days, from New Orleans, cypress\\ncisterns with the capacity of 10,000 gallons, and that would af-\\nford them an abundance of good drinking water, healthy and\\npalatable. My offer was accepted, and the cisterns were re-\\nceived and put up promptly. In a few days they were filled\\nwith excellent water, which had a fine effect upon the health\\nof the members and proved a great benefit.\\nA meeting of patriotic citizens was held on November 13,\\n1837, in the capitol, to express their views on the subject of the\\ncurrency of the Republic. The officers were Maj. I. N. More-\\nland, chairman, and Jas. W. Scott, secretary.\\nThe committee on resolutions, composed of Anson Jones, T. J.\\nRusk, Thos. W. Ward, Geo. Sutherland, Wm. Lawrence, F. R.\\nLubbock, and A. C. Allen, reported:\\n1. That in the opinion of this meeting the treasury drafts\\nof this Republic so long as the government shall confine their\\nissue within the range of actual resources of the country, will\\nconstitute a safe, valid, secure, and convenient circulating\\nmedium greatly superior to the average of the bank notes of\\nforeign banks with which this country is flooded, and which\\nheretofore have constituted our only circulating medium.\\n2. That in the opinion of this meeting said bank notes are", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "68 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nunsafe, most of the banks whose notes are circulating here hav-\\ning suspended specie payment, it also being uncertain when they\\nwill resume them, and probable at least that many of them never\\nwill.\\n3. That in the opinion of this meeting, said banks having\\nviolated their promises of payment are in fact public frauds,\\nand the circulation of their notes ought not to be encouraged\\nin this country, as it will expose our citizens to great and dis-\\nastrous losses whenever the final situation of many of those\\nbanks shall become known.\\n4. That being convinced of the truth and justice of these\\nfacts, the members of this meeting will use every just means\\nin their power to encourage the circulation of the paper of our\\nown government to the exclusion of any other currency except\\ngold and silver.\\n5. That we recommend the same course to our friends\\nthroughout the whole country, and call on their patriotism to\\nsustain it.\\n6. That the proceedings of this meeting be published in all\\nthe newspapers throughout the Eepublic.\\nWhich report, after able and conclusive speeches from the\\nHon. T. J. Eusk and others, was unanimously adopted.\\nOn motion of Gen. T. J. Rusk, it was Resolved, that we have\\nfull confidence in the resources of the country to do strict jus-\\ntice to the soldiers and sailors, and therefore recommend respect-\\nfully to the Congress to pay them in the best paper issued by\\nthe government.\\nBefore the end of this session of Congress E. M. Pease, since\\nwell known in our history, resigned his office as Comptroller to\\nform a partnership with John A. Wharton and continue in the\\npractice of law in Brazoria. John W. Harris was added to the\\nfirm next year, and it then was considered one of the ablest in\\nthe Republic. Mr. Pease came to Texas in 1835 and first served\\nas a soldier, and was afterwards appointed secretary of the Pro-\\nvisional Government at San Felipe. In 1836, he was a clerk\\nin the Navy, then in the Treasury Department. He was quite\\ndistinguished for one of his age when he retired from the office\\nof Comptroller.\\nTo my surprise President Houston offered me the appoint-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nment of Comptroller to succeed Pease. There were several ap-\\nplicants for the office, some of them men of experience in the\\nservice, and why it was tendered to me, just entering upon my\\nmajority, I never knew. No letters of introduction or testi-\\nmonial of character were presented by me to General Houston\\nupon my first arrival in the country, when our acquaintance\\nbegan. Afterwards, while I was clerk of the House of Repre-\\nsentatives, we were often thrown together. I became attached\\nto him, and he appeared to like me. Houston was always kind\\nto young men; most certainly he was in a great degree to me.\\nYet I had no reason to expect any great favor, especially as I\\nwas not an applicant for the office.\\nThe appointment was accepted, however, and I immediately\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2began work as Comptroller. The duties of the Comptroller dur-\\ning the Eepublic were quite similar to those now performed by\\nthe State Comptroller. Then there were two auditors, the first\\nwho examined all military accounts; the second, all civil list ac-\\ncounts. When so examined and passed upon as correct they were\\nhanded to the Comptroller for his examination and approval,\\nand if found correct, his warrant was drawn upon the Treasury\\nfor the amount due. There being now no auditor, the Comp-\\ntroller examines and passes upon all claims of every character,\\nand when adopted the accounts are approved and he draws his\\nwarrant against the proper appropriation upon the Treasurer,\\nwho pays the same when in funds.\\nCongress passed a law authorizing the holders of the floating\\ndebt to fund their claims in what was termed a stock fund to\\ndraw 10 per cent interest, and created the office of Stock Com-\\nmissioner, who issued and signed the stock certificate; and the\\nextra duty was placed upon the Comptroller to countersign the\\ncertificates. After quite a number of certificates had been thus\\ncountersigned, the question was raised as to the authority of the\\nCcmptroller to affix his signature to these certificates. A law\\nwas then passed validating the acts of the Comptroller in the\\nmatter. My particular friend, the gallant W. G. Cooke of the\\nNew Orleans Grays, was the first stock commissioner appointed\\nunder the law.\\nWhen appointed Comptroller I was about 22 years of age, and\\nof course I had no great experience. I had to be very, very cau-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "70 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntious in my decisions; for while wishing to be just, I was sworn\\nto protect the interest of the Republic, which means the peo-\\nple s interest. Many accounts had to be revised and readjusted.\\nHowever, I recollect but one prominent case that caused any\\nfeeling. Colonel M an officer in command at Galveston, had\\nhis account approved by the first auditor. Upon its presenta-\\ntion to me, I found quite an amount for hospital stores, includ-\\ning the list of articles only allowed for hospital use, such as\\nwhisky, butter, eggs, and other delicacies. The law was positive\\nthat an account of that character must have the certificate of the\\nhospital steward that the articles were received by him and used\\nin the hospital. This account lacked such certificate; therefore\\nI was compelled to reject it. The officer contended that his\\ncertificate should be recognized as sufficient. I refused positively\\nto pass the claim, and it remained in that shape till I left the\\noffice. He may have afterwards cured the defect and collected\\nthe money.\\nThis office made me the associate of men whose minds and at-\\ntainments I respected and admired, and I certainly strove with\\nall my might to be equal to the honor. It was a time of bright-\\nness in my life that was not surpassed by any other period. The\\ndrudgery work was hard, but that fell mainly on my two clerks.\\nThe salary $2000 per annum enabled us to mingle in society.\\nI had a comfortably fitted up little home, a lovely wife, and\\nfor servants two Mexican prisoners. I could entertain my friends\\nin a quiet way, among them the President, Mosely Baker, Dr.\\nAshbel Smith (Surgeon-General of the army), the Aliens and\\nothers, men of distinction and culture, as well as many a jolly\\ngood fellow that laughed at the difficulties of life. In truth,\\nsociety in Houston at that early day, mixed though it was with\\nsome rough characters^, and without the sheen of later day\\nfinery, was just glorious; and I was young. I wonder if I am\\nyet old.\\nAs indicating the culture of the Republic I would instance the\\nPhilosophical Society of Texas, organized about this time with\\nMirabeau B. Lamar as president; Ashbel Smith, Anson Jones,\\nJoseph Rowe, and David S. Kaufman, as vice-presidents; Wm.\\nFairfax Gray as recording secretary, and David G. Burnet as cor-\\nresponding secretary. This society dissolved, I believe, on the\\nnext removal of the capital.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 71\\nCHAPTER FOUE.\\nWar Meeting in Houston\u00e2\u0080\u0094 General Albert Sidney Johnston\u00e2\u0080\u0094 General\\nHouston as the Author then Viewed Him Difficulty with Colonel\\nWard Visit to Mrs. Powell s Presidential Candidates Anecdote\\nof Rusk Preachers and Churches The Glorious Fourth at Gal-\\nveston in 1838\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Bonnell Expedition Houston s Administration;\\nIts Work Lamar President My Experience as a Granger.\\nThe report of a Mexican advance on Bexar, from Captain\\nKarnes, caused the war meeting at the capitol, December 26,\\n1837. General Albert Sidney Johnston had just arrived from\\nKentucky.\\nCol. A. S. Thurston was chairman, and Francis R. Lubbock,\\nsecretary.\\nGen. A. Sidney Johnston, Colonel Morehouse, Dr. Ashbel\\nSmith, Major Moreland, Francis Moore, Jr., Hon. B. C. Frank-\\nlin, and Colonel Thurston were appointed the committee on\\nresolutions, and reported the following\\nWhereas, the recent intelligence from Bexar has fully im-\\npressed upon our minds the necessity of adopting the most\\nprompt and energetic measures for conveying aid to our fellow\\ncitizens of Bexar and for repelling the treacherous enemy; and\\nfurther, for projecting upon his country the calamities he in-\\ntended for us; therefore, be it\\nResolved, that a committee of vigilance be instantly ap-\\npointed to aid and assist all who may wish to hasten immediately\\nto the field of action, and to solicit the necessary means for pro-\\ncuring supplies of provisions, arms, horses, etc., for this import-\\nant object.\\nResolved, that a committee of correspondence be also ap-\\npointed to communicate with the citizens of the various cities\\nand towns of the Republic, in order that by a concert of action\\nthe whole effective force of the Republic may be brought infn\\nthe field as soon as possible and enabled successfully to repel the\\ninvaders from our country.\\nResolved, that since Mexico, regardless of the example of\\nmoderation and forbearance which has been set by our govern-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "72 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nment, which, by disbanding the army, evinced our sincere de-\\nsire to turn our swords into plowshares and prepare for peace,\\nhas wantonly invaded our country and commenced the slaughter\\nof our citizens, knowing that the injuries thus infiieted could\\nnot be in the least beneficial to her; therefore, we consider every\\nTexan and friend of liberty bound by duty to prosecute an\\noffensive war against Mexico until the last vestige of tyranny\\nshall have been swept from her limits.\\nResolved, that we hold all our means and our personal ser-\\nvices at the disposal of our government, to enable it to prosecute\\nvigorously, and to an immediate and eternal termination, the\\nwar with Mexico.\\nOn motion of Andrew Neill it was\\nResolved, that all who desire to proceed immediately to the\\naid of Karnes and Wells will assemble in front of the capitol\\nto-morrow morning at nine o clock.\\nIn accordance with the above resolutions, the following com-\\nmittees were appointed\\nCommittee of Vigilance. A. M. Tompkins, William Law-\\nrence, W. G. Cooke, A. C. Allen, James S. Holman, B. Fort\\nSmith, I. N. Moreland, D. C. Stanley.\\nCommittee on Correspondence. Dr. Ashbel Smith, Francis\\nMoore, Jr., Hon. B. C. Franklin, Arch Wynns, General Mosely\\nBaker.\\nOn motion the thanks of the meeting were returned to Messrs.\\nDavis, Borden, Ephraim, and Phillips for their several dona-\\ntions.\\nOn motion of Mr. Stickney, the proceedings were ordered to\\nbe published.\\nGen. Albert Sidney Johnston having been appointed to com-\\nmand on the frontier, immediately issued the order below to\\nrendezvous on the Colorado, and after a few days of preparation\\nand consultation with the Secretary of War, set out for the seat\\nof war:\\nHeadquaeters, City of Houston, December 38, 1837.\\nGeneral Order No. 1\\nThe commanding general having been instructed by the\\nSecretary of War to take charge of the military operations on the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 73\\nwestern frontier, orders that such portion of the militia as has\\nbeen called into service and the volunteer companies that have\\nbeen accepted for service by the War Department, shall rendez-\\nvous as promptly as practicable at Mercer s ferry, on the river\\nColorado.\\nColonel Hockley, of the ordnance, will provide the artillery\\nand ordnance stores requisite for the command, and repair to\\nheadquarters without delay. By order of\\nBkig. GrEN. Johnston,\\nComm. Texan Army.\\nB. H. Johnston, Aid-de-Camp.\\nThe Mexican scouting party retired on the advance of John-\\nston and the campaign virtually ended.\\nNo person ever met Sam Houston in the early days of the Ee-\\npublic without being impressed with his greatness. He was\\nthen about forty-two years of age, just the prime of life. Stand-\\ning largely over six feet in height, with a massive, well formed\\nhand, a most remarkable foot, measuring more around the instep\\nthan in length, a large head, a piercing gray eye, a mouth and\\nnose indicating character, of fine proportions, and as straight as\\na majestic Indian, he was a most perfect specimen of physical\\nmanhood. With such a presence we can well understand that\\nupon state occasions his manner was graceful and courtly. But\\nmore to be admired than this, among his friends he was social\\nand agreeable, with the ladies most suave and deferential, and\\ntowards the young always kind, interesting, and assuring. Often\\nwhile in conversation with ladies and children he would carve a\\nperfectly shaped ring, heart, chain, cross, or other emblem, and\\ntender it to some of the party. He was quite fond of whittling,\\nkeeping in his pocket soft pine or cedar and a good sharp knife\\nfor that purpose; and the making of these little presents was a\\npastime for himself, and by those who received them they were\\ntreasured mementoes.\\nOutside of his social circle on public occasions he drew the\\nmultitude to him by the power of his oratory. No man ever lis-\\ntened to him that was not desirous of hearing him again. The\\ncharm of his imposing presence and impressive manner drew", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "74\\nLUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe people to him, and he knew full well how to hold and enter-\\ntain them.\\nHe was not a finished scholar not a student of books; he was,\\nhowever, a thinker a student of men and things. In Texas\\nhe proved himself first a soldier of great ability and then a\\nstatesman. No one at all conversant with his character will\\nSAM HOUSTON.\\ncontrovert this proposition. If you will but scan the history of\\nTexas and follow his career from 1835 to 1846, you can but be\\nimpressed with its truth. It is clearly demonstrated in San\\nJacinto and the treaty with Santa Anna following that victory,\\nespecially in his insisting that the President of Mexico should\\nbe allowed to depart from the country against the protest of\\nmany officers and soldiers of the army, the result following the\\nrelease of Santa Anna proving the wisdom of his decision.\\nThen again the furloughing of the army of the Republic of\\nTexas in 1837 was one of the most marked evidences of state-\\ncraft I have ever known.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 75\\nHe was confronted with the fact that he had in their camps\\nsome twenty-five hundred men, mostly without families and\\nhomes, volunteers from aibroad; in other words, adventurers,\\nsoldiers of fortune led to Texas with the view of warring with\\nMexico, all unoccupied and poorly provided with clothing and\\nprovisions, restless and clamoring for action.\\nPresident Houston and the more conservative men of Texas\\nwere satisfied with the victory at San Jacinto, and they were\\nwilling to hold the country they had, and to let Mexico alone\\nif she would keep her armies off our soil. The great question\\nwith the President therefore was how to get rid of these soldiers.\\nThis he did by a judicious system of furloughing.\\nThough I came to the country at an early period and mixed\\nwith soldiers and every class of people and engaged in various\\nkinds of business merchandising, ranging, politics, and ranch-\\ning I had managed to escape any serious personal difficulty up\\nto the time of the trouble with Col. Thos. W. Ward. Ward did\\nnot come up to my idea of right in a business transaction between\\nus, I abused him publicly. He then challenged me. Major\\nIzzard bearing the message. I referred him to my best friends,\\nWm. M. Shepherd, Secretary of the Navy, and Col. Wm. G.\\nCooke, then Stock Commissioner of the Eepublic, to get them to\\nmake all necessary arrangements for the affair. Colonel Cooke\\nsaid at once, Ward can not fight Lubbock until he fights me.\\nHe is under obligations to fight me, and I do not propose to re-\\nlieve him. The same reasons exist for his not fighting Lubbock\\nas for his not accepting my challenge, namely, that he is in debt\\nand under a large bond for building the capitol and he therefore\\ncan not honorably risk his life until the obligations are settled.\\nSo it was decided that I should ignore the challenge. Ward\\nthen said publicly that he would chastise me and make me apolo-\\ngize for my abuse. I immediately prepared myself for him. I\\nhad to pass his house every day, and I carried a derringer in my\\npocket and another pistol in my belt, a not unusual thing at that\\ntime.\\nThe difficulty occurred April 14, 1838, immediately on the\\nadjournment of a joint session of Congress to hear read the\\nPresident s message, and in view of the Senate. I was in at-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "76 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntendance with Mrs. Lubbock on this occasion. The ceremonies\\nconcluded, without even procuring my hat, I passed out with\\nMrs. Lubboclv to the carriage, and was returning to my office,\\nwhen Colonel Ward, taking advantage of the public day, made\\nthe assault, striking me with a stick. I drew my derringer and\\nfired. The pistol was struck up by Col. Cooke, causing me\\nfortunately to miss my man and do no hurt to anyone in the\\nimmense concourse. We were immediately arrested by the city\\nauthorities. Dr. Francis Moore, being present, placed me under\\nbond. We were also separately taken before the Senate under\\na charge of contempt and allowed to defend ourselves. On my\\nexplanation, I was exonerated and allowed to go; but Ward\\nwas reprimanded by the speaker.\u00c2\u00ae Thus the trouble ended. We\\n6 The Senate Journal, pp. 9, 10, Monday, April 10, 1838:\\nOn motion of Mr, Russell the following resolution was\\nsubmitted:\\nThat the sergeant-at-arms be required to arrest the persons of\\nThos. W. Ward and Francis R. Lubbock and bring them forthwith be-\\nfore the bar of this house for trial for an act of contempt committed on\\nSaturday last.\\nMr. Francis R. Lubbock was brought to the bar of the Senate by\\nthe sergeant-at-arms, under the warrant of the president, upon a charge\\nof contempt of the Senate for firing a pistol at Thomas W. Ward in the\\ngallery of the capitol, in view of the Senate.\\nThe president stated to the accused the charge on which he was\\narrested, and asked what he had to say in his defense.\\nMr. Lubbock addressed the Senate in explanation of the circum-\\nstance.\\nOn motion of Mr. Russell, it was ordered that F. R. Lubbock be\\nhonorably discharged from his arrest.\\nThe sergeant-at-arms reported that Thomas W. Ward had locked\\nhimself up in his house and refused to be arrested or seen.\\nThomas W. Ward was brought to the bar of the Senate by the ser-\\ngeant-at-arms upon a charge of contempt, for making an assault on\\nFrancis R. Lubbock in the gallery of the capitol.\\nThe president informed the accused of the charge and asked him\\nwhat he had to say in his defense.\\nMr. Ward addressed the Senate in explanation of the circumstances\\nattending the occurrence.\\nOn motion of Mr. Russell, amended by Mr. Everett, it was resolved\\nthat Thomas W. Ward be reprimanded by the president for the con-\\ntempt manifested by him to this house in making a personal assault", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 77\\nsubsequently agreed to be friends. While Colonel Ward was a\\npassionate man, he was a patriotic citizen and a good soldier,\\nhaving lost a leg in the storming of Bexar. Afterwards lie filled\\nthe office of Land Commissioner for several years with credit to\\nhimself and benefit to the country.\\nOf course, a challenge from a proper party in those days could\\nnot be safely declined. As it turned out, however, I never was\\na principal or second in a duel. The Fourth Congress effectually\\nbroke up the inhuman and detestable practice in 1840, by an\\nact to suppress dueling. The penalty on conviction was a fine\\nof $1000, twelve months imprisonment, and perpetual dis-\\nqualification for any office of honor, trust, or profit in the Repub-\\nlic. This punishment applied to principals and seconds alike.\\nIncapacity to hold office had such terrors that dueling became a\\nthing of the past in Texas.\\nIn the spring of 1838, Mrs. Lubbock, with the accomplished\\nwife of John G. Welchmeyer, the second Auditor of the Repub-\\nlic, and myself left Houston early one morning on a visit to Mrs.\\nPowell, who lived about fifty miles distant across the Brazos.\\nThe ladies were seated in a fine old-fashioned, two-wheel vehicle\\nthen called a gig. It had a good leather top and was in every\\nway suitable and comfortable for the occasion. The horse draw-\\ning the gig was a large, gentle, and quite valuable animal. I\\nwas mounted on a good Texas pony. After traveling eighteen\\nor twenty miles, we stopped to noon at one of the Hodges\\nnear Hodge s Bend, on the Brazos. A part of the refreshments\\nwas some rich, cool, and delicious buttermilk, in drinking which\\nwe all joined heartily. But I got more than my share, having\\ndrank seven large tumblers full. The afternoon ride on my\\nhard-trotting pony, determined to keep up with the fast-going\\ngig, was almost unbearable, as it seemed to me that I was trans-\\nformed into a churn full of buttermilk, and that I was re-\\nchurning the milk by my hard jolting. After realizing my\\nsituation, the ladies were induced to slow up in their driving,\\nupon a citizen, in the gallery of the capitol and in view of the Senate.\\nThe president accordingly reprimanded the accused, and he was\\ndischarged.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "78 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nand I thus managed to pull through to Mrs. Gen. James Long s\\nplantation, near Richmond. That distinguished lady treated\\nour party with her us-ual hospitality.\\nAfter a tine country breakfast we continued our journey,\\narriving safely at Mrs. Powell s about noon. We received such a\\nwelcome as the old Texans always gave to their friends. Very\\nsoon we all felt perfectly at home, and it is easy to understand\\nthat for awhile the family were entertained with jokes at my ex-\\npense about the buttermilk. Mrs. Powell had living with her\\nthen two sons, a widowed daughter, Mrs. Kelsey, a great favorite\\nof ours, and a single daughter. Their time was most delightfully\\nspent at this beautiful home, for everything there was bright and\\ncheery.\\nThe next day all the ladies took a ride out over the prairies,\\nI attending them as usual on my pony. Encountering a pretty\\nlittle creature (that turned out to be a skunk) playing on the\\nprairie, I got the whip from the gig and tried to have some fun\\nwith the animal at long range. It is needless to say, perhaps,\\nthat the skunk proved to be better at long range than I, even\\nwith a whip and I quickly drew off in bad plight, to the amuse-\\nment of the ladies. When I got back I was met at the gate by\\nMrs. Lubbock with other clothes and orders to retire to an out-\\nhouse close by and make the necessary change before showing\\nmyself in the household.\\nAfterwards I consoled myself with the thought that, though\\nsomewhat verdant myself, I was not as much so as Algernon P.\\nThompson, a distinguished lawyer of Houston. This gentle-\\nman, when fresh from England and before learning the ropes,\\nmet one of these pretty creatures for the first time, and not\\nknowing its nature, took it up in his bosom without ruffling its\\ntemper and presented it in hand to a lady who knew the differ-\\nence in cats.\\nThe intelligent student of Texas history will not fail to note\\nthat this was the Mrs. Powell in whose house Filisola held a\\ncouncil of war after concentrating his army a few days subse-\\nquent to the battle of San Jacinto. It was the unanimous ver-\\ndict of the council of war to fall back and get out of Texas as fast\\nas possible. So the famous retreat of the Mexican army began,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 79\\nnever to halt on the east side of the Rio Grande. Mrs. Powell\\nwas a true Texan and retained a vivid recollection of Generals\\nFilisola, Urrea, and Gaona, who staid over night at her house.\\nShe also saw Santa Anna and Almonte on their inarch to Harris-\\nburg.\\nAfter a delightful visit of several days we set out on our re-\\nturn home from Mrs. Powell s. We held up for dinner in the\\nBrazos bottom, so as to give our horses a chance at the wild\\ncane there. The ladies kept their seats in the gig, to which the\\nhorse remained hitched. In dropping the bits from his mouth,\\nI carelessly let the bridle fall from his head and he darted out\\nat full speed, dragging me with him, till the gig ran over a\\nstump and was upset, spilling out the ladies without any serious\\ndamage to them. The gig was so badly wrecked as to be a com-\\nplete loss. We repaired to a neighboring house, and thence pro-\\ncured conveyance to Houston.\\nAlthough Comptroller of the Eepublic, I was, it would seem,\\nonly an inexperienced youth. I profited, however, by my ex-\\nperience, and probably some of my young friends can see it, too.\\n(Mem.): Never take more than two glasses of buttermilk at one\\ntime. Never take the bit out of your horse s mouth when he is\\nhitched to a vehicle containing the wife whose life is as precious\\nas your own; and most emphatically never fight a skunk, much\\nless take him to your bosom like my friend A. P. Thompson, and\\npresent him to your girl.\\nReturning to politics, the preliminary steps for bringing out\\ncandidates for the ensuing presidency began early in the winter\\nof 1837-38.\\nLamar was first called out as a presidential candidate in a card\\npublished in the Telegraph and signed by such prominent men\\nas S. H. Everett, J. S. Lester, I. W. Burton, W. H. Wharton,\\nEmory Raines, A. C. Horton, John Dunn, S. C. Robertson, D.\\nRowlett, G. W. Barnett, and Ed T. Branch. His reply was:\\nI do not feel at liberty to decline the duties of any station, how-\\never high and honorable, to which the voice of my fellow-citizens\\nmay call me.\\nLamar had not been slow to express his dissent from Houston s\\npolicy of dealing with the Mexicans and Indians, and this was", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "80 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nenough to rouse the partisans of Houston as they desired his\\npolicies unclianged, whether their favorite was president or not.\\nThe Constitution of the Eepublic did not allow a president\\nto hold two consecutive terms of his office. Therefore Old Sam\\nwas out of the race, and it only remained to find a presidential\\ncandidate in harmony with Houston s views.\\nThe Houston party was opposed to the election of General\\nLamar because they believed he would inaugurate distinctive\\nmeasures not likely to be so beneficial to the Eepublic.\\nHouston s policy was one of moderation, economy, and un-\\nostentatious work for the good of the government. His idea\\nwas that Texas had accomplished wonders, and that the people,\\nsatisfied to maintain her independence and hold the territory she\\nclaimed, should be willing to remain quiet, looking to the in-\\ncrease of population and advancement of her material interest,\\nmaking themselves day by day stronger for an emergency. Con-\\nsequently he was opposed to all measures looking to an invasion\\nof Mexico.\\nHis policy towards the Indians was friendship, believing that\\nwith our want of funds and men, more could be accomplished\\nby treaties and fair dealing with them than by continual war-\\nfare which must result from aggressive measures.\\nDemocratic in his manners, ideas, and customs, he was opposed\\nto any extravagant expenditures in governmental affairs.\\nHouston s friends believed that General Lamar, while a pa-\\ntriot, brave, honest, and devoted to Texas, was poetical and vis-\\nionary, without rearing or experience in statecraft, disposed to\\nbe extravagant in his ideas of conducting public matters, not ap-\\npreciating the poverty of the country, in favor of an aggressive\\npolicy both against Mexico and the Indians, and that his prin-\\ncipal advisers and closest friends were enemies of Houston and\\nhis policy, thus binding him to an opposite course.\\nFearing this would retard the growth of the country and in-\\nDr. Wm. Preston Johnston, of Tulane University, in his Life of\\nGeneral Albert Sidney Johnston, his father, calls Houston s policy to-\\nwards Mexico a do-nothing policy, and not a defensive policy, as claimed\\nfor it. A short time before his death, ex-Governor O. M. Roberts in a\\nconversation on the subject with the Editor, said that Johnston s char-\\nacterization of Houston s foreign policy was eminently just; and further,\\nthat it was a wise policy. Editor.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 81\\nvolve it in difiiculty and debt, they proposed to select a candi-\\ndate for the presidency favoring their own views.\\nThere was a large and enthusiastic meeting of the friends of\\nGeneral Eusk at Houston about the middle of May. I. N.\\nMoreland presided, and I acted as secretary. I was also put on\\nthe committee on resolutions, the other members being Anson\\nJones, W. M. Bronaugh, Wm. G. Cooke, Henry Millard, and\\nT. Ii\\\\ L. Parrott. Vigorous resolutions were then adopted, recom-\\nmending General Eusk as a suitable man for the presidency, and\\ncalling upon him to be a candidate. The chair then appointed\\nthree committees from the eastern, middle, and western dis-\\ntricts respectively, to wait upon General Eusk and present him\\nthe said resolutions. He was then at the capital as a member\\nof Congress. Eusk promptly answered the call in a courteous\\nletter acknowledging the honor, but declining on account of his\\nfinancial embarrassments and alleged ineligibility, not having\\nattained the constitutional age of thirty-five; and for the fur-\\nther reason stated in his correspondence with General Lamar\\nthe year before, indorsing Lamar s candidacy.\\nIn the meantime Lamar s friends were not idle. They held\\non May 19th a meeting, of which Dr. B. T. Archer was president\\nand I. W. Burton secretary. Their committee on resolutions was\\ncomposed of such strong men as Dr. S. H. Everett, Gen. K. H.\\nDouglass, Maj. George Sutherland, Judge E. M. Williamson\\nThree-Legged Willie and Maj. Jas. D. Cocke. The latter\\nmade a stirring speech; after which, on motion of Dr. Forest,\\nseconded by Judge Sterne, the resolutions favoring Lamar s\\ncandidacy for the presidency were unanimously adopted. One\\nnotable resolution was of congratulation to the public, that\\nGenerals Eusk and Lamar will not be rivals in the approaching\\ncanvass for the chief magistracy.\\nA few days later another Lamar meeting was held. In this\\nMaj. William Kimbro, Col. B. L. Hanks, E. W. Cullen, Col.\\nK. L. Anderson, Col. L. H. Mabbett, A. W. Canfield, and Col.\\nIsaac Campbell made up the committee on resolutions, W. G.\\nAnderson acting as president and W. W. Parker as secretary.\\nThe distinguished names above mentioned will indicate the\\nstrength of Lamar s acceptability.\\nWhen Eusk declined the nomination for the presidency it be-\\n6", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "82 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ncame necessary to select some one else as the candidate of the\\nHouston party. Accordingly Peter W. Grayson, a good lawyer\\nand po23ular man, was called out as a candidate for the\\npresidency by a committee of thirty-one prominent citizens. He\\naccepted the nomination tendered him and made a visit to Ken-\\ntucky. He was expecting soon to return and enter upon his\\ncanvass. In a few weeks, however, the sad intelligence came\\nthat he had put an end to his own life, as alleged at the time\\nfrom disappointment in a love aifair. Thus the Houston party\\nwas again frustrated.\\nChief Justice James Collingsworth was the next Houston can-\\ndidate for the presidency, but during the canvass committed sui-\\ncide by jumping overboard from a vessel in Galveston Bay.\\nEobert Wilson, who made such a racket in the Senate, was\\nthe last candidate to announce himself as against Lamar for\\nPresident. Lamar had a walkover, getting G695 votes, while\\nWilson got only 352.\\nIt was said at the time that Eusk was influenced in his de-\\ncision not to be a candidate by the probability that General La-\\nmar would view it as an unfriendly act upon his part and that\\nit would result in a personal difficulty, particularly as in 1836,\\nthough without any solicitation on his part, he was preferred by\\nthe army as their commander over Lamar. Rusk was a grand\\nman. He not only had a great intellect, but he was amiable,\\nkind, and considerate, and it is highly probable he disliked to\\ninterrupt the kindly relations existing. I am pleased to record\\nthe fact that I offered his name for the place of chief magistrate,\\nfor history must give the verdict that Texas could not bestow\\ntoo much honor on Rusk, equally distinguished as a citizen, as a\\nsoldier, and as a statesman. As an illustration of his unremit-\\nting toil and energetic action for Texas in the day of her ex-\\ntremity, this anecdote, authenticated by Gov. 0. M. Roberts, is\\ntold of Rusk\\nThe night after the organization of the government ad in-\\nterim under Burnet a council was held. Burnet, in a dignified\\nmanner, called on one after another for an expression of opinion,\\ncoming last to the Secretary of War, Rusk, who, with his elbows\\non his knees and his head resting in his hands as if meditating,\\nwas actually fast asleep, as he had been at work night and day", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 83\\nfor three days on the Constitution. Punched in the ribs by the\\ngentleman next to him, he brought himself to the perpendicular\\nand said: I think we are in a hell of a fix. We are worked down.\\nLet s go over to the saloon and get a drink, then mount our\\nhorses, and go and fight like the devil and get out of it. They\\nwent Rusk went all of it.\\nIn the general rush for Texas were included many preachers,\\nwhose lives in some instances did not tally with their pro-\\nfession. To guard against imposition on that line, a kind of\\npreachers vigilance committee was organized at Houston during\\nthe first session of Congress in the town. Dr. R. Marsh and Z.\\nMorrill, Baptists from Alabama, appeared to be the leaders in\\nthe movement. The other members were W. W. Hall, a Ken-\\ntucky Presbyterian, and three Methodists, to wit, W. P. Smith\\nof Tennessee, L. I. Allen of New York, and H. Matthews of\\nLouisiana. This body pledged themselves to recognize as such\\nno preacher coming into Texas from the United States or else-\\nwhere unless he had with him a testimonial of good character.\\nAmong the preachers coming in after this was Littleton Fowler,\\nelected chaplain of the Senate in the fall or winter of 1837. He\\nwas a zealous Methodist, and a preacher of considerable ability.\\nIt was Mr. Fowler who obtained from the Aliens for the Metho-\\ndists the title to the half block of ground on which Shearn\\nChurch now stands.\\nIn the spring session of Congress of 1838, Wm. Y. Allen, a\\nPresbyterian, acted as chaplain during Mr. Fowler s temporary\\nabsence. We shall hear of him again in the annexation move-\\nment.\\nAmong other distinguished Methodist preachers of this period\\nwith whom I was intimately acquainted was Dr. Orceneth Fisher.\\nHis widow, Mrs. Rebecca J. Fisher, is now the honored president\\nof the W. B. Travis Chapter of the Daughters of the Republic at\\nAustin.\\nIt may not be without interest to note here that the Presby-\\nterian Church was organized on the last day of March, 1839, in\\nthe Senate chamber at Houston, by Wm. Y. Allen.\\nThe basis of organization that is, belief in the Holy Scrip-\\ntures, the adoption of the Presbyterian Confession of Faith, and\\nthe form of church government and directory for worship", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "84 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nbeing agreed to, the following names were appended: A. B.\\nShelby, J. Wilson Copes, James Burke, Isabella E. Parker, Ed\\nBelden, Marian Shelby, James Bailey, Sarah Woodward, Jen-\\nnett Smith, Harris G. Avery, and Sophia B. Hodge. James\\nBurke was elected ruling elder. Mr. Allen continued as pastor\\nof this church till 1843.\\nIn these early days of the Eepublic a very friendly feeling\\nexisted between the inhabitants of the Magnolia City and those\\nof our great island seaport, and excursions to and fro between\\nthem were not uncommon. In May, 1838, a party from Houston,\\nincluding the President, many Congressmen, and other distin-\\nguished officials, made a steamboat run down to the Island City,\\nwhere they were royally entertained. On their return up the\\nbayou several of the excursionists evinced by their words and\\nmanners that they had partaken too freely of the festivities.\\nBut the big social event that year between the two cities was\\nthe Fourth of July celebration at Galveston, to which the Hous-\\ntonites were invited by a polite note from H. H. Allen, corre-\\nsponding secretary of the Galveston committee, addressed to\\nMessrs. A. Ewing, Geo. W. Poe, D. B. Townsend, J. W. Cruger,\\nand Niles. The Houston party, composing the elite of the\\ncity, were gratuitously transported to the Island City on the\\nsteamer Sam Houston by the courteous Captain O Brian. It is\\nnot at all improbable that there were some excesses indulged\\nin on that occasion; but much is to be overlooked in these old\\nTexans who carried with them beyond the borders of their na-\\ntive land their unquenchable love of liberty. The Fourth of\\nJuly demonstration on Galveston Island in the year 1838 proved\\nto the world that the Texans had not ceased to be Americans,\\nand that annexation to the United States sooner or later was in-\\nevitable.\\nIn the fall of 1838 the Indians were killing people and depre-\\ndating on the Brazos about the falls near where is now the town\\nof Marlin, and in the present counties of Brazos and Grimes.\\nThey came as low down at times as Navasota, only seventy miles\\nfrom Houston. These savages became so troublesome that the\\ngovernment determined to put a battalion in the field to chas-\\ntise them, and Maj. Geo. W. Bonnell was appointed to the com-\\nmand. The Milam Guards, a military company of Houston, vol-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 85\\niinteered for the time three months and made part of Bon-\\nnell s battalion. As I was a charter member of that company,\\nand then acting as Comptroller, I obtained from the President\\nleave of absence to go with them. In compliment to the Milam\\nGuards perhaps, as well as to myself, Major Bonnell appointed\\nme his adjutant. The office was not a sinecure or easily filled,\\nas some military knowledge and business tact were prerequisites\\nfor the proper discharge of its duties. I had been a holiday sol-\\ndier since my sixteenth year, but this was my first experience in\\nthe field, and a rough one it was.\\nMajor Bonnell was a young man of more than ordinary ability\\nand information. I am not aware that he had acquired any\\nspecial military experience, and I must say that his first appear-\\nance as our commander in chief did not impress the men that he\\nhad any special fitness or aptness to command a set of raw Texas\\nboys. He was of medium height, with red hair and freckled face\\nunder a slouched hat, and he came into camp in a very long coat\\nreaching nearly to his ankles, making quite a priestly appearance,\\nand but for a belt around his waist and a long old sword dang-\\nling thereby, he looked less like a frontier soldier than any of\\nus, though there was no uniformity of dress in the battalion,\\neach one wearing what he could get as most appropriate for a\\nhard winter campaign. Our major, however, made us a good and\\nintelligent commander to the end of the expedition. Subse-\\nquently he was Spanish translator in the Land Office at Austin.\\nWhile here, he wrote a little book about the Indians of Texas.\\nA peak near the capital still bears the name of Mount Bonnell,\\nso called in his honor. He attended the Mier expedition as a\\nprivate, and was killed on the Rio Grande.\\nWe left Houston in a very wet and cold time, and in a few\\nnights afterwards we encountered a dreadful and disastrous sleet.\\nWe were without tents and suffered fearfully; however, we got\\non well, having very little sickness in our command.\\nAfter a few days march a courier arrived with orders for us\\nto change our destination and report to General Rusk at or near\\nNacogdoches to punish the Cherokees, who were becoming very\\nhostile. Just before reaching Nacogdoches another courier\\nreached us with the information that General Rusk had all the\\nmen he required, and we were ordered to return and proceed", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nto the Brazos as originally instructed. We were quite disgusted\\nat this command, for we felt assured the Cherokees would fight\\nand there would be an opportunity to gain a little military\\nglory a kind of glory that most Texans desired in those days.\\nBut all the same, let it be understood, we were no holiday sol-\\ndiers, but men doing hard service with long, rough marches,\\noften hungry and thirsty and tired and sicji and in rags, and not\\nknowing when we might encounter an ambushed savage eager\\nfor our scalps.\\nIn starting out I had made for me a pair of fine buckskin\\npants such as worn by frontiersmen. Once, while out scouting\\nfor several days with a small party, we were overtaken by a heavy\\nrain storm when in our camp asleep. I was lying in a low place,\\nso that the water ran against me in a flood, saturating my buck-\\nskins. Not thinking of the consequences, and being very wet\\nand cold, I backed myself up to a hot mesquite fire made up to\\ndry and warm us. Before discovering it, my pants had crawled\\nup to my knees, and I had to ride in that plight a day or two.\\nThey got tighter and tighter all the time until we reached the\\nmain camp. Then I had in a manner to cut them off my limbs.\\nI have never owned a pair of buckskin pants since. They are\\nmore entertaining in a picture or a romance than they are on\\none s own shanks.\\nWe had several amusing incidents to occur during our march\\ntowards the east. While plodding our weary way we overtook\\na lone horseman and inquired of him if we were pursuing the\\nbest road to reach a proper camping place at night. He very\\npromptly informed us that we were wrong and advised us to take\\nanother course. After following his advice and traveling a few\\nmiles we fell in with a party of whom we made inquiry. He said\\nto us emphatically: The man that directed you misinformed\\nyou intentionally. Had you kept the course you were traveling\\nit would have taken you to his place, and the best and shortest\\nway, and you would have camped there. That was what he did\\nnot want you to do.\\nAfter getting proper directions we determined to camp that\\nnight with our false guide. Arriving about dark, after selecting\\nour camp ground the quartermaster and commissary called on\\nour friend, to his utter astonishment, and requested that he", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 87\\nwould furnish us a beef. His reply was that he had none that\\ncould be gotten at that time. The quartermaster then said to\\nhim, We will make out with hog meat. He insisted that he\\ndid not have a hog. The quartermaster then told him he would\\nbe compelled to send a detail to scour the country, as we had no\\nrations, expecting to get them from the settlers. He then de-\\ntermined to get ahead of us, and said he would take a hunt and\\nsee what he could do. After an absence of several hours he re-\\nturned, bringing with him an old stag beef that was quickly\\nbutchered, but the meat was so offensive from what is known as\\nwild garlic that the animal had grazed upon that the men could\\nnot eat it, as they were not starving. One can imagine that we\\nwere angry red hot. I had in my mess the bugler of the\\ncommand. He was quite a smart fellow and an old soldier. I\\nsaid to him, Battinger, should any hogs come around the camp\\ncall me, and I will have pork for our mess to pack off in the\\nmorning. I knew he could take the hide off so that a porker\\nwould be very good slow bear, as we called skinned hog meat.\\nAbout daylight I was called. Some very good shoats were\\nabout our camp. I stepped out with my large bored rifle and\\nfired; the pig dropped, and the bugler soon had him skinned, cut\\nup, and divided among our mess preparatory to leaving the camp.\\nA few minutes afterwards our friend appeared, remarking, I\\nsee the boys are killing my hogs, and addressed himself to me.\\nI replied, You stated to the quartermaster that you had no\\nhogs. Oh, I meant that I had no killing hogs. We paid no\\nattention to him, but about the time we were starting off he\\nwanted pay. We badgered him, refusing to pay for what he said\\nhe did not own. He followed us for miles. Finally we felt sorry\\nfor the fellow, and the quartermaster gave him a receipt. I pre-\\nsume he got his money without interest after annexation.\\nAt another time, when in the neighborhood of Nacog-\\ndoches, just before receiving orders to retrace our steps, we were\\nabout to select a camp ground, when the proprietor of the place\\ncame out and advised the commanding officer that if he would\\ngo a very short distance he would find a government fort with\\nplenty of provisions and forage for our horses. We acted on his\\nsuggestion, found it twice as far as he said it was, and reached\\nthe fort far in the night, worn out and tired. We found a few", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "88 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwomen and children forted up in fear of the Indians, with\\nlittle or no breadstutfs, and not a pound of forage, so that our\\nmen and horses lay down hung-ry and in ill humor. The troops\\nwere all out of the fort on duty.\\nNext morning a detail was made to visit the hospitable patriot\\nwho had deceived us the night before. We took with us from\\nthe fort three wagons and ox teams. On reaching the place we\\nsaw seated upon the gallery the hospitable man of the night be-\\nfore and several others, all well armed.\\nThe officer of the detail opened up our business, which was that\\nwe desired the wagons loaded with corn and fodder. Much pro-\\ntesting and some threatening was done, when finally the party\\nrefused to let us have the feed, whereupon the guard was ordered\\nto proceed to the barn and corn cribs. They did so, and filled\\nthe wagons to their utmost capacity, giving receipts for the same.\\nWe took it back, fed what we required, and turned the balance\\nover to the people in the fort. They were highly delighted, and\\ngave us to understand that the party had never given them the\\nslightest assistance.\\nSo you will see that even in those early days there were\\nmen I believe, however, they were exceptions who did not\\ncare to furnish to the soldiers defending the frontier the sub-\\nsistence so necessary to keep them in the field and render them\\nefficient. I presume this patriot also got his money without in-\\nterest some ten years later.\\nWe did constant ranging on the Brazos, Little Eiver, and the\\nGabriels, and even more territory. At the falls of the Brazos,\\nnear Marlin, we built a fort, more for the protection of the fam-\\nilies in that section than for ourselves, and evidences of the\\nstructure are still to be seen after fifty-five years af abandon-\\nment.\\nDuring a scout of several days made by five of us. for many\\nhours we were almost famished for water. Near the head waters\\nof the Gabriel we came upon a herd of buffalo, then numerous in\\nthat section, and we killed four of them. W. K. Smith, a\\nbutcher, and one of our party, cutting their throats, said the\\nblood would quench thirst; that it tasted like new milk just from\\nthe cow. All of the others drank a great deal of it and were\\nnauseated in consequence. I was the last to try it. Profiting", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 89\\nby their experience, I drank but little. It did taste like new-\\nmilk and was somewhat warmer. It quenched my thirst without\\nhaving any bad effect upon me, and I was glad enough to get it.\\nSometimes the boys would get out of tobacco and go almost\\ncrazy for the want of it. It seemed to be greater suffering than\\nhunger or thirst. Then, although I dare not laugh at them, I\\ncould congratulate myself that I had never taken a chew or\\nsmoked a cigar.\\nWe had many alarms, yet no fights with the Indians; but\\ndoubtless this ranging on the frontier protected the settlers and\\ntheir stock. There was no killing and no stealing while our com-\\nmand was on duty.\\nOur campaign was a hard one, for it was winter all the time\\nand the weather was cold and rainy, while our clothing and\\nblankets grew thinner and threadbare and ragged as our ex-\\nposure continued. However, this was to be expected, and when\\nour time was out we were returning home light-hearted and\\nhappy, when a very sad occurrence cast down our spirits. A\\nsoldier had received permission to discharge his gun. Just as\\nhe pulled the trigger one of our most estimable men. Sergeant\\nBreeding, rode up on a very tall horse, and, receiving the full\\ncharge in his body, fell dead to the ground. With this lamented\\nexception we all returned to Houston at the end of the three\\nmonths and were discharged. The boys sought their homes and\\nplaces of business and cigars with a feeling of gratification that\\nour past hardships had helped to win peace for the present and\\ngreater security for the future in our settlements.\\nOn our return to Houston we presented a motley appearance.\\nOn leaving, we were well clothed, and though not in uniform,\\nlooked quite like holiday soldiers. Now the most of us were in\\nrags. I remember well how I appeared and hoW astonished my\\nwife and friends were when they beheld me marching through\\ntown. The legs of my pants had disappeared, and I had made\\nleggins of an old green baize crumb cloth that I had taken with\\nme for a horse cover. This I cut up and divided with the boys,\\nfor many of them were fully as bad off as myself.\\nThe following circumstance was quite amusing to our boys,\\nwho were worthy Texans of some army experience: Our quarter-\\nmaster was a nice fellow, a journalist from South Carolina, but", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "1)0\\ni.diuux A .s i\\\\ii :nn)ih s.\\nrccciillv ]iiriv( l in Tcxjis, W. Siiimioiis. lie desired (o hIiow\\nliiH vvdliiif^nesH 1(1 li/^lil Ictr I he (miiiiiI ry of Ins iidopl ion. Me look\\nvvilli liiiii a siiiidl eiirpel, liooljnek, and slippers, lie \\\\v(n-e very\\nline, li/^lil. Iiools, Ii;hI ;i hiindsonie luol, and dressed well. Me\\nwould he called a dude nowadays. yVt ler hein^ in camp a sliorl,\\nlime (hy lh( way, li was a j^ood li;.;hler, havinf^ I oii.i^hl one or\\nmore diH ls), lie said: I have come out here and ronj^hed d. 1\\nliav( endeavored lo lind llie Indians. II is not my I aidl that\\nlliey ean not he loiiiid. I Ihinlv Ihe poinl of honor is sellled\\nand I shall reliirn home. Having ,f(d permission lo do so he\\nlel l. ns. Mr. Simmons nl lcrwards Idled an imporlant civil po\u00c2\u00abi-\\nl.ion, Hiipersedin;; me as ompi roller in the Lumar adminiisim-\\niion.\\nII will he tpiile a mistake to suppose that the Milam (luards\\nwere eharlered as a mere holiday company. On the conlrary,\\na few of Ihe vei v hesl citi/.ens of llousloii helieved that a coin-\\npiUiy charlcred hy Ihe Congress of the lke|)uhli and made up id\\nMie hesi material in Ihe eoinmiinilv mii^ht prove a nucleus u[i(Ui\\nwhich c(Uil(l he t oinied ;it jinv time a I orct that could do ;ood\\nHcrvicc in case ol an cmcriMMiev (ullu r in Ihe city or the Stale.\\nCrlain privile/^es accorded Ihe company, such as excmplion\\nfnun jury and road duly, I lllcd its ranks with the very llrsl citi-\\nzens. The eoinpauv was popular, and was commanded hy the\\nIm sI nulilary nuui, such as apt. J o( Daniels, I oh n N. Smith,\\n.lanu s l{( ily. ,lnd,^( Teler W. (li-ay, and others. I hci^an as a\\nprivate m Ihe compauv, was promoliMl to c(U ptM al. and all ahuin\\nIhe lint ari iviii!; tinally at the caplaine\\\\. We also volunteered\\nlo repel the M( Nican invasion in IS IV, hiil were turned \\\\ym\\\\ at\\noliimhns h\\\\ the (Meiers of the i;-overnment Woll having re-\\nlrealt d towards the KMo Orande. So we hoiiorahly escajied Ihe\\ntlisaslers of Ihe Mier t \\\\pedilion.\\nI look a reat di^al of inlt rest and pride in my company, more\\nI lie eliiirliT was seiMired hy liie iiel ive n id ot OiMieriil lioiisloii while\\na moinluM* of tli( Kourlh tlonj^fn^ss, and oilier frieiid.s. I lie iiioorpora-\\n(ors wi n .losi pli DsiniolM. .losepli lOldridir**, .1. L, NieUolson, O. .1.\\nlicddenhiMv;, .1. I CoeUe, A. .1. Davis, and m\\\\st ll Iiicorporaled for\\nIon vears. with t xtMup(ion from mililia drills and road workiiiir. WIkmi\\ntakliijr llio Hold Mit oompanv. noi (o xcmmhI sevciil y-llve mumi. wert Id\\nruniiNli tlioirowii (oiils. wairoiis, and camp eipiipa^re.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "/.li/l/{()(/s S IMI.MOIRS. 1)1\\n(iC course wliilf I coiiinijimlcil il, wliirli fori iiii;ilc|y lor \\\\\\\\w wiiH\\njil lcr I W!iH lisl rid. clerk lor voliinlccr coiiipaiiieH nre iil wiiyH (!X-\\npeilHive tlioHe heloiijrili^ (,o tJuilii, en|iecin,ll_y io llir oIlicerH.\\nVVIien we IiihI I liii in I hone (liiyK we piiid more for il lli;iii now.\\n()nc;^r;in(l li;iii(|iicl for llicni cosi nie HI, mid ;i lic iiili fill\\nrneihil, which I he IichI shot. w;is iillowed Io we;ir, lO moic. I\\nTooled I he hill ;is ;i sitiidl wiiy of Hhowiiii^r niy Jippreciiil ion of IIk!\\nhonor conrcrrcd when I hey imidc me llieir cii|\u00c2\u00bbl;iiii. I ln iiKiri\\nvveiirin^ l.he mumIiiI Ihe liisl lime wns Hum I liseiil, ii Sun .Iiieiid.o\\nsoMicr, iilid he W!IH Jillowed to keep il,. I do iiol. know of niiy\\nHurvivorH d the e(\u00c2\u00bbiii|\u00c2\u00bbjiny excepi, jipliiin M;irks, .liid;/!- S. S.\\nMiiii;r(.f ;iiii| .1. \\\\V. Laurence. The Iwo IiihI. were not ori/ imil\\nmemhers.\\nI havi always hcjicvcd llial every eoiinly should have ;i v iliin-\\nl.eer company, well c(piippcd hy lln Slalc, ami provulcd ilso\\nvvilh a lilicral eiic;impiiicnl I lind. To keep hikIi a iiard well\\nonicere l and I rained i: ood policy on Ihe pari. d I he SInlc.\\nI lie laic war vvilh Spain illiisl. rales Ihe value u\\\\ laidi military\\ncompanies, who on call promptly riislic to the dct cnse of I. ho\\ncountry. Well may IVmis he proud u\\\\ her voliinlccr Holdiery.\\nhuriiif; my ah:- nce scoidin; (ui the I ldiilier with Major I .on-\\niiell, lloiislon s term ol olllce expired, and I will now note somo\\n4d the princi|iid acts (d his iidminisl rat ion.\\nAfter lloiislon s ina.iij iirat ion, the ;iovci-niiienl id the K epiih-\\nli(! Iiiid heen I horou;;lily or|^iiiii/ed wilh t he various depiirliiienlH;\\nl,li(! courts had heen estahlished and tlicir powers delined; n geti-\\n(iral land ollici had heen e;dal)lii lied the piililic dchi h;id heen\\nconsolidiiled and funded; all the islands (d tlie Uepiihlic, includ-\\ning (Jalvestoii, had heen Hold or oU ered I oi sale. There had liei ll\\nHome dispute as to the western lioiindary line u\\\\ the l. cpiihlic,\\ni\u00c2\u00bbut, ThomiiH .lell erson (Jreen H resolution, passed in the lirst ses-\\nHion r)f the l irsi Con^^rcHH, (Ixed it detinilely at Ihe IMo (irandt!.\\nThis was a hold pieen of IcKiHJiition, hid. I exiis liaH Hustnineil il\\never afterwards with her hlood and IreaHure. I lie Cordovii, re-\\nhcllioii of MexiciinH and Indians waH HiipprcHscd, leaving prori-\\npectB of f)()a(;(! in that line. I erhaps the most, Hhar|dy criticised\\nnet. of llrjuHt.on s lirst, ndmiiiiHiration was the incorporalion of\\nIhe I exas Railroad, Naviffalioii and IJaiikir^f (Company. IMiis\\nhecame a. law hy his ajiprcnal, and n(\u00c2\u00bbl over his oppoHition,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "92 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nas generally believed. When convinced of his mistake, the Presi-\\ndent turned against it and defeated its going into effect by his\\nofficial influence. This company was incorporated in the name\\nof Branch T. Archer, James Collingsworth, and their associates\\nand assigns. The capital stock was $5,000,000, divided into 50,-\\n000 shares of $100 each.\\nThe signatures of B. T. Archer, James Collingsworth, J.\\nPinckney Henderson, Thos. F. McKinney, and S. F. Austin were\\nattached to the petition for the charter. The bill was duly signed\\nby President Houston, December 16, 1836. To become effective\\nas a law, however, $25,000 in gold or silver had to be paid over\\nwithin eighteen months to the Treasurer of the Eepublic. When\\nthe required sum was offered in paper, Treasurer Brigham re-\\nfused to accept it as a compliance with the law, and thus the\\nmeasure was finally defeated.\\nMirabeau B. Lamar was inaugurated President of the Eepub-\\nlic of Texas on December 10, 1838. His private secretary, Mr.\\nThompson, read his inaugural address, much to the disappoint-\\nment of the crowd who had lingered after listening to the elo-\\nquent valedictory of President Houston.\\nThe first cabinet officers announced by the new President were\\nAlbert Sidney Johnston, Secretary of War, and Barnard E. Bee,\\nSecretary of State, both excellent appointments, and confirmed\\nat once by the Senate; and after these were successively made\\npublic the names of Memucan Hunt, Secretary of the Navy;\\nEichard G. Dunlap, Secretary of the Treasury, and Charles Wat-\\nrous, Attorney-General.\\nThis, the Third Congress, in its early days elected General\\nEusk Chief Justice in place of James Collingsworth, deceased.\\nThe position had been temporarily held by John Birdsall, an ap-\\npointee of President Houston. Texas sustained a great loss this\\nwinter in the death of John A. Wharton, Congressman from\\nBrazoria. Dr. Ashbel Smith, Surgeon-General of the Texan\\narmy^ was his attending physician. Ex-President D. G. Burnet\\non invitation, delivered before both houses of Congress, his in-\\ncomparable eulogy beginning with these words The keenest\\nblade on the field of San Jacinto is broken the brave, the gen-\\nerous, the talented John A. Wharton is no more.\\nVery soon after my return my friend Col. Barnard E. Bee,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 93\\nonce Houston s Secretary of War and father of Gen. Hamilton\\nP. Bee (who was then my clerk), calling upon me reminded me\\nof my position toward the election of General Lamar. He gave\\nme to understand that my friend Major Simmons would be ap-\\npointed in my place, and advised me to resign. I asked the\\ncolonel why I was to be displaced. Is there any thing personal\\nagainst me any charges of neglect of duty? Nothing the\\nchange will be made alone for politics or in consequence of your\\nstrict adherence to the Houston party. I then said to the\\ncolonel, That is entirely satisfactory. When Mr. Simmons\\nis duly appointed and qualified, let him call and everything will\\nbe ready and the office surrendered to him. In a short time\\nhe appeared, and I retired.\\nGail Borden, the very able and popular old Texan, collector\\nof the port of Galveston, was removed for similar reasons and his\\nofhce given to a very elegant old gentleman, a Mr. Koberts, but\\nvery recently from Alabama. He was the father of one of our\\nmost distinguished lawyers, Sam Eoberts, of North Texas.\\nIn a very few days after leaving the comptroller s office I was\\nsurprised and pleased to find, in the Houston Telegraph what\\nan experienced, valuable and efficient man I had been; and I was\\ncoupled with Gail Borden, the honest, capable, and energetic\\ncollector of Galveston, two of the very best officers of the Re-\\npublic removed solely for political reasons; for all of which the\\nadministration was editorially berated. It may be well to state\\nhere that the country was divided into the Houston Party, as\\nall adherents of Sam Houston were called, and the Anti-Hous-\\nton Party. for in those days there were no Democratic or Whigs\\nin a party sense in Texas, and elections turned as to the policies\\nadvocated by Houston and those opposed to him. I believed\\nfirmly in his policies for the Republic, so in the last election I\\nwas opposed to Lamar, and thus I was retired from office.\\nVery soon I became a granger that s a modern Oincinnatus\\nin his own opinion retiring to farming and wood-chopping on\\nBuffalo Bayou. I rented the historic Allen Vince place, situ-\\nated on the bayou of that name, in which Santa Anna was\\nswamped as he attempted to escape from the San Jacinto battle-\\nfield. T have often seen the fine black horse taken from Vince\\nupon which the Mexican general attempted to escape when he", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "94 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwas bogged in the soft loam left at the head of tide water, just\\nwhere the much talked of bridge was burned. He then hid in\\nthe grass until discovered by the men in pursuit, with Sylvester,\\nMiles, and Eobinson.\\nNow, I didn t take hold of the handle of the plow and have a\\nrope tied to the left horn of a little steer not as big as a jack-\\nrabbit, according to the picture in the old story book, when the\\nsenate arrived to beg the great patriot, Cincinnatus, to come and\\nsave Eome, and I wasn t sent for while I was on the farm, either.\\nBut I had a fine large ox team, and I drove it with a long whip\\nto crack over them, singing out in a stentorian voice Gee whoa!\\nhaw, Tom! Come hack here. Buck! interlarded witn exple-\\ntives that should not fall on polite ears, but were some way very\\npersuasive to the oxen to move on.\\nThough I did not chop the cord wood, I hauled it to the\\nsteamboat landing myself. I didn t hill up potatoes, but I\\ncarried water and watered them. I hired negroes for heavy\\nwork, and for domestic service I had my Mexican, Antonio.\\nHe, with two other Mexicans, soon after my coming to Houston\\nwere farmed out to me by the government. As the Eepublic\\ncould not afford the expense of guarding and caring for the\\nhundreds of prisoners on their hands, they were turned over to\\nresponsible parties upon the latter giving bond for good treat-\\nment of the prisoners and their safe delivery when demanded.\\nI had these men several years, as also a woman. In fact many\\nof them chose to remain in the country after their release, being\\nquite happy that they were not massacred when they were cap-\\ntured. The terror of the privates and the opinion that they\\nthemselves held of the barbarity of the Mexican officers toward\\nour vanquished soldiery voiced itself in the cry they sent up as\\nthey threw down their arms at San Jacinto, Me no Alamo! Me\\nno Goliad!\\nAs a rule they were very tractable and proved of much service\\nin our first rough way of living. When we were in our clapboard\\nshanty, two years before this, they cooked out of doors for us,\\nand once during a remarkable spell of cold weather they saved\\nus from suffering. It snowed and froze for several days, and the\\nthin walls of our abode were little protection from the biting\\nwind. The snow drifted through, and only in the bed under the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCICS MEMOIRS. 95\\nthick blankets could we keep warm, and only then could we\\nkeep the snow out of our faces by the thick cloth of the mosquito\\nbar at the top of the improvised canopy. Secure in the service of\\nour faithful Mexicans, who foraged and cooked as best they\\ncould, keeping up a log-heap fire and bringing us our meals to\\nthe bedside, we snoozed away two days until the storm was over.\\nThis was an unprecedented spell of weather. But I have gone off\\nto my Mexicans when I should be telling of my farm. Well, I\\ndid work very hard and my wife had Antonio to help her cook\\nbut she brought my dinner to me when I was at work, and I re-\\nmember well the first time she went out to help milk. She had\\non French kid slippers and silk stockings. The season wore\\non amid fun and hardships, and the crop was gathered. Then\\nI chartered a small sloop boat called the William, loaded her\\nwith my farm truck, and started for Galveston Island with one\\nother man on board. We sailed down Buffalo Bayou, out of\\nSan Jacinto Bay across Clopper s bar in safety, and reached and\\ncrossed Eed Fish bar ail right. But after crossing Eed Fish bar\\nwe encountered bad weather. The wind became very heavy,\\nand in consequence, I suppose, of bad management in defiance\\nof former experience, I had no old tar along our vessel upset,\\nand the cargo of potatoes and other produce was dumped into\\nGalveston bay. Thus much of the labor of many hard months\\non the farm was all lost. One thing I am sure, it was my first\\nand last attempt to move my crop on a vessel under my own\\ncommand. How did I get out? Wh) another vessel picked\\nme up but about that time it seemed to me that my potatoes,\\npumpkins, and truck stuff were of more consequence than myself,\\nand they were at the bottom. After that experience, as it was\\nbeginning to appear that my wood contract was not a paying\\nbusiness, it did not take me long to decide against farming.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "96 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTER FIYE.\\nOur French Naval Visitors in 1838 Festivities at Houston and Galves-\\nton The Selection of Austin as the Capital of the Republic In the\\nCommission Business at Houston General Houston and Bride Our\\nGuests The Canvass of 1840-41 in Harris County and My Election as\\nClerk of the District Court The Canvass for the Presidency of the\\nRepublic Between Burnet and Houston and the Election of the Latter\\nHenry Smith Declining to Be a Candidate for Vice-President, Ed\\nBurleson Becomes the Running Mate of Houston and Is Elected The\\nSanta Fe Expedition My Brother Tom a Lieutenant in the Expedi-\\ntion Lamar s Work in the Cause of Education Expulsion of the\\nCherokees from Texas Collapse of the Public Credit, and the Begin-\\nning of Retrenchment.\\nOn his way home from the successful bombardment of San\\nJuan d Ulloa and capture of Vera Cruz, the French Admiral\\nBaudin with his fleet visited Texas in May, 1839. The admiral\\nhimself with an aid came ashore at Velasco, and they were\\nescorted by Gen. Thos. J. Green to Colonel Wharton s planta-\\ntion, and thence taken in Colonel Groce s carriage in charge of\\nCaptain Clendenning to the city of Houston. President Lamar\\nhad gone to Galveston to meet the gallant Frenchman, but soon\\nreturned, and the admiral and aid were treated with true Texas\\nhospitality by the generous people of Houston. After four days\\nof festivities the distinguished visitors, attended by many lead-\\ning citizens, took passage in a steamboat down Buffalo Bayou to\\nGalveston. Dr. Ashbel Smith did the special honors at Houston\\nto these foreign guests, speaking French, to their great delight,\\nwith the grace of a Frenchman. And it fell upon the courtly\\nand learned doctor to point out from the deck of the steamer to\\nthese fighting Frenchmen the prairie of San Jacinto, where had\\nbeen decided three years before the independence of Texas. Ad-\\nmiral Baudin in a few days rejoined his fleet of twenty-six\\nvessels anchored off the harbor of Galveston. Next a grand ball\\nwas given on board the flagship Nereide, and the elite of Texan\\nsociety, particularly in Houston and Galveston, were invited.\\nThe Texan war brig Zavala carried out the Texan ball-goers\\nto the Nereide, where was a brilliant concourse of naval officers", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 97\\nfresh from their victories at Vera Cruz. Ignorance of each\\nothers language at first caused some embarrassment between the\\nTexan ladies and the gallant Frenchmen, but they soon found a\\ncommon language in the mazes of the dance. The fleet sailed\\nfor France in May, 1839. The Texans and Frenchmen parted as\\nfast friends, and it is certain that Admiral Baudin s favorable\\nreport on his return home caused the government of France to\\nrecognize the Texan Republic In a short time England fol-\\nlowed in the wake of France, and the Eepublic was safe beyond\\nall contingencies.\\nDuring the first year of Lamar s administration and while I\\nwas on my farm, commissioners appointed by the Third Congress\\nselected a site on the then Indian frontier for a permanent\\ncapital. The point chosen was an eligible spot on the Colorado,\\njust where that river emerges from the mountains into the prairie\\nregion. Gen. Ed. Waller laid out the new town, which was\\ncalled Austin, in honor of the Father of Texas, made sales of\\ntown lots, and erected the buildings necessary for the accommo-\\ndation of the government, including the capitol, department\\noffices, the executive mansion, etc. In October the archives in\\nHouston were loaded on thirty wagons and hauled to the new\\ncapital. The President, with some of his cabinet, was met about\\ntwo miles from Austin by a deputation of citizens, headed by\\nColonel Burleson, welcomed by a speech from Ed. Waller, and\\nescorted to the city to Bullock s Hotel. Here the President met\\na large concourse of friends who partook with him of a sump-\\ntuous dinner, closing with toasts, drinks, responses, not uncom-\\nmon then on such occasions in Texas.\\nAs before remarked, farming did not pay me, and I returned to\\nthe city of Houston at the close of the year 1839 and engaged\\nin the commission business with James W. Scott, formerly a\\npaymaster in the army of Texas, a man of excellent ability and\\nunimpeachable integrity. He was afterwards an able represent-\\native of Harris County in the Legislature.\\nWe were at that time the only auction and commission mer-\\nchants in the city, and received frequent consignments from\\nforeign countries as well as from the local trade. Here are some\\nadvertisements from the Morning Star of March, IS-iO:", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "98 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nSCOTT LUBBOCK.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A few dozen Choice French Wines\\nper French Brig Fils Unique. Hardware, Groceries, Boots and\\nShoes, Lots and Blocks, Tools; 40 to 50,000 feet Lnmher; 12\\nbbls. Sugar; 30 sacks Salt; Hams; Havana Segars. 20 sacks\\nCoffee, the remainder of the cargo of the schooner Francis, direct\\nfrom Havana.\\nYet while we made a living, it was with great labor and exer-\\ntion. I did the auctioneering and my partner Scott did the\\nbookkeeping. No one unless he has been an auctioneer can\\nappreciate the difficulties of selling property at auction, consist-\\ning of every conceivable thing, from a toothpick to a ship s\\nanchor, from a jar of preserves to a hogshead of sugar, and now\\nand then a block of lots and a steamboat.\\nWhile following this business with all my vim, I was con-\\nstantly on the lookout for something better and it came in due\\ntime.\\nAfter the adjournment of the Fourth Congress, of which he\\nwas a prominent member. General Houston, in the spring of the\\nsame year (18-iO), made an extensive eastern tour. On his return\\nto our city in the summer the general, with his beautiful bride,\\nnee Margaret MofPett Lea, made a considerable sojourn at our\\nhome. Fortunately, at the time, we occupied a nice two-story\\nbuilding across the bayou, with ample accommodations for our\\ndistinguished guests. And their visit was heartily welcomed and\\nenjoyed by us.\\nThe canvass of 1840-41 in Harris County was never forgotten\\nby those who participated in it. This was my first experience\\nas a candidate, as then my soldier friends determined that I\\nshould come out for the clerkship.\\nOutside of the city of Houston my acquaintance was quite\\nlimited. Wm. K. Wilson, a deputy sheriff, who also made the\\ntax assessments over the entire county, was a tried friend of\\nmine. He suggested that my going along with him on his\\nassessing tour would enable him to give me a large acquaintance,\\nand at the proper time it would be an immense advantage in\\nthe canvass. Accepting his kind office, I procured a small but\\nhandsome mule of a sorrel color, and in a quiet way left Houston\\nwith him on his rounds. Upon arriving at an appointed place,\\nsome king bee s house, we would find the tax-paying citizens", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 99\\ngathered ready to be assessed. Wilson would spread his books,\\npropound the necessary questions, and give the information de-\\nsired, while 1 performed the clerical work. He would introduce\\nme to every man and woman putting in an appearance, and he\\nwould whisper to them, You see what a quick and fine clerk\\nLubbock is? He may be a candidate for district clerk at the\\nnext election, and if he is you should all support him, for he\\nwill make us the proper clerk. In this pleasant and unobtru-\\nsive manner a large number of voters became my friends before\\nJanuary, 1841, when my name was announced. Two strong\\nand popular men were already in the field. One was Geo. W.\\nLively, the other Ed. H. Winfield, who had been acting district\\nclerk from the organization of the county.\\nCanvassing in those days meant travel, labor, excitement, and\\nsome fun. It was expected that the candidates would visit every\\nfamily outside of the city, and those who were not called on\\nreally felt slighted, and in some instances would vote against\\na man for not coming to see them. In this canvass, at one\\ntime while in Houston, Capt. M. E. Gohene, a clever fellow,\\ncfliving forty miles from the courthouse, remarked that he in-\\n_ tended to give his vote for the various offices to the first candi-\\ndates that called on him. The very first time I could leave the\\ncity without notice to anyone my mule was mounted, and that\\nlong ride was taken all alone. Gohene was as good as his word;\\nhe was ever after the friend of Lubbock, and he had influence.\\nThe candidates for the various offices would start out in com-\\npany sometimes twelve or fifteen strong. They would strike a\\ncountry settlement, dividing out when night came on. They\\nwere the most accommodating set of fellows in the world will-\\ning to do anything for the dear people and it was not infre-\\nquent that in staying over night the voter would suggest, Well,\\nboys, I want to go to mill in the morning, and he would give\\nthem a corn shucking and shelling party during their stay. I\\noften think of the difference then and now. At that time it\\nwas quite customary for the candidates to place with some\\ncountry friend at the neighborhood store a barrel of whiskey\\neach. It then cost from eight to ten dollars a barrel, and when\\na voter would come to make purchases, he would be asked to\\ntake a drink and told whose liquor he drank. In those days, if", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "100 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nhe took your liquor it was deemed that he was your supporter.\\nThey say the custom now is to drink the other man s liquor. 1\\nknow this will appear dreadful to some, but really there was less\\ntreating and drunkenness then than there is now under the\\npresent barroom plan.\\nA candidate was expected to attend every ball and wedding\\nin the county. Generally Lubbock was to be found on hand\\nendeavoring to make fair weather with the mothers and their\\ngirls, knowing that, while not voters, they exercise with sensible\\nmen a potent influence in elections very naturally. Eacing\\namong such expert horsemen was a very popular pastime and of\\ncourse the candidates attended them. My opponent Lively was\\na good business man and fond of fun and popular. He had\\npreceded me in going to a race at San Jacinto, a small town in\\nHarris County near the battleground. As I rode up in the\\ncrowd, he pushed forward, and before I could dismount shook\\nhands with me, remarking to the people: There is a man that\\nnever took a chew of tobacco in his life; he, however, carries his\\nsaddle bags full for electioneering purposes. Lubbock, give\\nme a chew. I replied very seriously: No, sir; you can not\\nget a chew of my tobacco. You should not only have brought\\na full supply for yourself, but for your friends. I have a-plenty\\nhere. Opening my saddle bags and taking out a package of\\nthe finest quality, all cut in nice pieces ready for distribution,\\nI invited the crowd to pitch in and help themselves. They did\\nso with a hurrah and yell for Lubbock that made the prairie\\nring. I then said very gravely: Lively, you should always\\ntravel with plenty of tobacco. It gives you an opportunity to\\nmake acquaintances; for it is at all times permissible to stop a\\nstranger and ask for a chaw of terbacker and making acquain-\\ntances is what a candidate wishes to do.\\nThe canvass throughout was a very heated one, particularly\\nthe contest for sheriff, M. T. Eodgers and Samuel G. Powell be-\\ning the principal contestants. In this, my first race for clerk,\\nLubbock was ahead of Lively, who was next to him with 220\\nvotes. There were very few votes between Rodgers and Powell\\nfor sheriff. There was a contest over the last office, and the\\ncourt decided to have the entire ticket revoted for, so that an-\\nother active canvass ensued. My mule trotted me through", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 101\\nsafely. The vote for district clerk stood about the same, and\\nLubbock was declared elected.\\nA good office never goes begging, so in the course of time,\\nsome folks desiring a change, a particular friend of mine after\\nmany apologies said: My friends want me to make the race\\nfor district clerk. I need the office and I suppose I must run.\\nThey say I am very popular and they believe I can get it. I\\nhope it will make no difference with you. I replied, Certainly\\nnot, friend Walker; that is your privilege, and it need make\\nno difference between us. So the campaign was made. Every\\nsettlement in the county was worked by both of us for all it\\nwas worth. Lynchburg was then the strongest box, outside of\\nHouston. He had long resided there, and his great friend\\nEodgers, a former sheriff and very popular, lived in that pre-\\ncinct and did all he could for his election. Supposing that the\\nLynchburg box might determine the election, Houston was\\ngiven over to our friends and I repaired in person to Lynchburg.\\nMy opponent, Walker, his friend Rodgers, and others were there\\nworking unceasingly. I had some of the best workers in the\\ncounty; among them were a few old cattlemen and farmers. At\\nthe close of the polls the tally list showed nearly 200 votes\\npolled. Walker and I both watched every ballot as taken from\\nthe box with bated breath. I can never forget my excited and\\ndelighted feeling as Lubbock, Lubbock, Lubbock, came\\nfrom the box until the twenty-fifth ballot, which was for my\\nfriend and opponent. He had not previously made a remark,\\nbut as that ballot was read, For district clerk. Walker, draw-\\ning a long sigh he said: Well, old fellow, you are a good\\nfriend, but you were a long time getting out of that box. A\\nheavy majority of his home box was for me, and I was again\\nelected by a large majority.\\nIn consequence of annexation to the United States another\\nelection came on before my second term expired, the terms then\\nbeing for four years. This time Lubbock had to go. After\\nsearching the field for a proper man, another good friend of\\nmine wanted the office and he was selected to run. That was\\nMr. A. M. Gentry. He was intelligent and stood well in the\\ncommunity. A committee of his friends arranged the cam-\\npaign work. In their rounds they called on my friend Walker,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "102 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwhom I had defeated before. They began by telling him they\\nhad selected Gentry to defeat me and they were about to open\\nup their plans of campaign. Walker stopped them. Gentle-\\nmen, you had better not give me your confidence. Why not?\\nthey said. We count on you for your valuable aid; did not\\nLubbock defeat you, and we are making calculations on your\\nhearty support. Well, gentlemen, I rather think I am a\\nLubbock man; he and I have ever been good friends. I was\\npersuaded that my popularity was immense, and I was led to\\nsuppose that I might be elected, and failed. Yes, said they,\\nbut we have the right man this time. Walker replied: I\\nmade the race against Lubbock. He was always fair with me.\\nOur families and he and I are just as good friends as we were\\nbefore, and I think 1 will vote for him. I have another reason\\nI do not intend to assist any man in doing what I could not do\\nmyself. I want it understood that I am a popular man in Har-\\nris County, and I never intend to let any man beat Frank\\nLubbock if I can prevent it. I shall vote for him for everything\\nhe runs for as long as I live. I was again elected and re-elected\\nholding the office for over sixteen years. Walker lived long\\nenough to vote for me for several offices. His widow was ever\\none of my best friends. She is a charming lady, and now re-\\nsides at Dallas.\\nScott and I, while we were in the firm together, were very\\nattentive to our business, and at the same time we took great\\ninterest in public affairs. Before my first race for district clerk\\nwas won, I began to think of the presidential candidates. Those\\nin power had not carried on the government to the satisfaction\\nof our party, and we intended to place Houston again at the\\nhelm of State. Scott, like myself, was an active politician and a\\ngreat admirer and supporter of General Houston.\\nEx-President Houston and Ex-President Burnet, never very\\ngood friends and differing widely as to the best public policies,\\nwere the opposing candidates for the presidency in 1841. Li\\nthis canvass there was some sectional feeling between the east\\nand the west, and much personal asperity between the candi-\\ndates themselves. Lamar s administration had been made un-\\npopular by the opposing leaders, and Burnet, who had been to-\\nwards its close the de, facto President, was made the scapegoat", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS 103\\nof the sins of that administration. Besides, Burnet, though a\\ngenial gentleman, patriot, and scholar, was no match for Hous-\\nton in personal magnetism or oratorical ability, and those quali-\\nties counted much in the political struggles of those times.\\nBacked by the populous east, his home, Houston beat Burnet\\nby a vote of 7915 to 3G16.\\nAt a large meeting of the friends of General Houston held in\\nthe city of Houston pursuant to call, April 15, 18^1, Ur. Alexan-\\nder Ewing was called to the chair and Francis E. Lubbock was\\nappointed secretary. On motion a committee on resolutions was\\nappointed, consisting of Francis R. Lubbock, James W. Scott,\\nGeorge Fisher, Dr. Wm. M. Carper, and Dr. C. H. Jaeger.\\nMr. Lubbock reported the following resolutions, which were\\nadopted enthusiastically:\\nWhereas, a doubt exists on the part of the political friends\\nof General Houston, as to the willingness of the Hon. Henry\\nSmith to be considered a candidate for the Vice-Presidency of\\nthis Eepublic at the election in September next; and\\nWhereas the good of the country requires a union of action\\nin regard to the election for Vice-President and the nomination\\nof a suitable candidate to be supported for said office with effect\\nby the jsolitical friends of Gen. Sam Houston; and\\nWhereas several candidates are already nominated for said\\noffice; therefore to insure a successful issue to the said election\\nby the majority of the friends of General Houston in electing a\\nman of their choice as the Vice-President of this Eepublic, who,\\nin case of being called by the Constitution to fill temporarily th e\\nexecutive chair, would pursue the steps and carry out the meas-\\nures of Gen. Houston; therefore, be it\\nEesolved, That a committee of 101 be appointed by the\\nchair to request the Hon. Henry Smith to allow his name to be\\nplaced before the people as a candidate for the office of Vice-\\nPresident of this Eepublic.\\nThe committee of 101 waited upon Henry Smith with a copy\\nof these proceedings. He replied May 1st, declining to be a\\ncandidate, and recommending Dr. Anson Jones. But Dr. Jones\\nappeared undecided on the subject; and in the summer of 1841,\\nDr. A. Ewing, George Fisher, J. N. Moreland, Thos. G. Western,\\nand myself, confiding in the ability and patriotism of Dr. Jones,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "104 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\naddressed that gentleman a joint letter urging him to continue\\nin the race and make the canvass personally for the Vice-Presi-\\ndency; but he finally dropped out of the race, leaving the field\\nopen to Gen. Ed. Burleson, who, as the Houston candidate, was\\nchosen over Memucan Hunt to be Vice-President of the Ke-\\npublic.\\nThe Eepublic had many dangers and difficulties to encoun-\\nter through its entire existence. The hostile Indians and Mexi-\\ncans had to be provided against with an empty treasury, while\\nEuropean recognition was to be constantly sought. The public\\ndefense was fairly well conducted under the circumstances, and\\nthe Republic obtained recognition from Erance and the Nether-\\nlands. Over the refusal of Congress to sanction it, Lamar dis-\\npatched an expedition to Santa Ee. Its object was to extend\\nthe jurisdiction of Texas over that portion of the Eepublic\\nlying east of the upper Eio Grande, our western boundary. If\\nthe people of that region vv ere willing, the authority of Texas\\nwas to be established; for which purpose William G. Cooke,\\nDr. Brenham, and J. IST. Navarro attended as commissioners.\\nShould the people there be found hostile, the expedition would\\nreturn after disposing of the merchandise carried along for\\ntrade.\\nThe expedition consisted of about 300 men, with several wag-\\nons and one piece of artillery as a defense against hostile Indians.\\nThe commander was Gen. Hugh McLeod, a West Pointer. The\\nparty got bewildered and lost, and finally reached the vicinity\\nof Santa Fe in a starving condition and the whole force was\\nbetrayed into a shameful surrender to a Mexican army by one\\nCaptain Lewis, whose treachery appeared later on.\\nMy brother Tom, ever ready to volunteer in the cause of his\\ncountry was first lieutenant in the Santa Ee Pioneers, of which\\nEadcliff Hudson was captain and Volney Ostrander second lieu-\\ntenant. Tom s sketch of the expedition is found in the appen-\\ndix, with account of the sufferings of the prisoners and his own\\nescape from a prison in the City of Mexico.\\nLamar called the attention of the Third Congress to the\\nclause of the Constitution on education; and on his recom-\\nmendation a portion of the public lands was set aside for public\\nschools and a university. This was perhaps Lamar s most popu-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 105\\nlar official act, and it is well appreciated in this day of great\\nadvancement on educational lines from common schools to our\\ngreat State University, inclusive. The Texans at the very birth\\nof the Republic were mindful of the importance of an educa-\\ntional system. But no step had been before taken to put into\\neffect this provision of the Constitution.\\nHouston s treaty with the Cherokees, recognizing their right\\nto the soil, had never been ratified by the Texas Senate. Had\\nit been, however, the subsequent Cherokee rebellion, suppressed\\nby General Rusk while Houston was President, would have ab-\\nsolved the Texans from its obligations. In 1839 a small party\\nof Mexicans were attacked and routed on Brushy Creek, near\\nAustin, and among their effects were found papers disclosing a\\ntreaty made at Matamoros between certain Cherokee chiefs and\\nthe Mexicans for an unceasing wax against Texas. Lamar\\npromptly ordered Gen. A. S. Johnston, the Secretary of War, to\\ntake steps for the immediate expulsion of the Cherokees from\\nthe Republic. Generals Rusk and Douglass marched with their\\nforces to the Cherokee country; but before resorting to force, a\\ncommission consisting of General Johnston himself, ex-Presi-\\ndent Burnet, I. W. Burton, and James S. Mayfield conferred\\nwith the Cherokee chiefs, offering to pay the Indians for their\\nimprovements, but insisting on their exit from the country. On\\ntheir refusal of these terms, the Indians were attacked and\\nrouted, leaving in their flight their head chief, Bowles, dead on\\nthe field. Rid of these treacherous enemies on the Sabine fron-\\ntier, Texas was now better enabled to guard against attacks on\\nthe Mexican line.\\nThe close of Lamar s administration witnessed an utter col-\\nlapse of the finances and credit of the Republic, and an immense\\npublic debt. Distrusting the financial system adopted in preced-\\ning administrations, Lamar had urged upon Congress a money\\nsystem of his own devising, but it failed to be adopted. In\\napprehension of the inevitable collapse, many offices were abol-\\nished or much reduced in importance. The Navy Department\\nshrunk into a bureau in charge of one clerk in the War Office.\\nThe Postal Department dwindled into a bureau styled the Gen-\\neral Postoffice, in charge of a clerk in the office of the Secretary\\nof State. The office of Stock Commissioner fell off to a bureau", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "106 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nstyled the Stock Office, in charge of a clerk in the Treasury De-\\npartment. The oflices of the First and Second Auditors were\\nconsolidated. The offices of Quartermaster-General, Commis-\\nsary-General, Surgeon-General, Adjutant, and Inspector-Gen-\\neral, were all abolished and their duties devolved upon two clerks\\nin the War Office. The line officers also in the army and navy\\nwere greatly reduced in number. But this tardy reform was not\\nfar-reaching enough, A new and better financial system was re-\\nquired. The truth is, the Republic, with her less than 50,000,\\nhad always been top-heavy in officialism, by trying to follow the\\nexample of the United States with their 15,000,000 souls.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 107\\nCHAPTEE SIX.\\nSome Notable Men of the Republic: W. H. Wharton, E. S. C. Robert-\\nson, Edward Burleson, R. M. Williamson, Robert Wilson, Richard\\nEllis, Henry Smith, Emory Raines, Dr. Alexander Ewing, Thos. F.\\nMcKinney, Sam M. Williams, and Wm. L. Hunter.\\nWilliam H. Wharton was a prominent figure when I came to\\nTexas. He was a son-in-law of Jared Groce, a lawyer of promi-\\nnence, a man of fine address, and one of the early commission-\\ners to the United States to negotiate a loan to carry on the war.\\nHe had at that early day a comfortable home and plantation\\na few miles from Velasco, in Brazoria County. His door was\\never open to the stranger, and he and his estimable wife dis-\\npensed to all the greatest hospitality. Colonel Wharton was\\nMinister to the United States in 1836, when Santa Anna was in\\nWashington. On his return to Texas his vessel and passengers\\nwere captured by the Mexicans. But he escaped after wonderful\\nadventures.\\nColonel Wharton was a Virginian, coming to Texas in 1829.\\nHe was killed in 1839 by the accidental discharge of his pistol.\\nHe was a member of the Senate during the Second Congress,\\nand I shall never forget a scene I witnessed there. Some meas-\\nure was being discussed with great earnestness. Senator Whar-\\nton was one of the principal debaters. Senator John Dunn, an\\nold and elegant man, representing Eefugio, San Patricio, and\\nGoliad the last the place where the illustrious Fannin and his\\nmen had been massacred was opposing the views of Wharton\\nand appeared to annoy the senator considerably. In a replica-\\ntion made by Wharton to the remarks of Dunn, the senator be-\\ncame quite excited, and alluded to the fact that he (Dunn)\\nrepresented nobody on that floor; that he believed he was there\\nelected to the Senate by some three votes, and very patronizingly\\nwished to know whom he represented. Senator Dunn replied\\nwith all the enthusiasm and fire of an Irish patriot. He alluded\\nto the safety of the gentleman s territory and his home, their\\nprosperity, their population, and freedom from invasion, and\\nthen contrasted the condition of his unfortunate locality, their", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "lOS LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsufferings and privations, their people slaughtered by the Mexi-\\ncans, and closed by saying: I will have this Senate and the\\nproud and arrogant senator from Brazoria to understand that\\nI stand here representing the bones of the martyred and un-\\nburied dead.\\nThe speech made a lasting impression upon me, and its effect\\non the Senate was to sustain the senator who was elected by\\nthree votes and represented the bones of th lamented Colonel\\nFannin and his men, and of many other gallant patriots who\\nresisted the invasion of Urrea.\\nHistory gives a touching account of the interment of the vic-\\ntims of the Goliad massacre by General Rusk and Gen. Sidney\\nSherman when they followed the Mexican retreating army out\\nof the country, while Santa Anna was still a captive. In their\\ngraves they are speaking yet, just as their bones were repre-\\nsented in the Senate in the days of the Republic.\\nE. S. C. Robertson was a man of mark, and stood out promi-\\nnently as a hardy and intelligent pioneer. He was one of the\\nearly empresarios, a Tennesseean, and settled what was known\\nas Robertson s Colony. It seems that Robertson first came from\\nTennessee to Texas in 1823, but returned and did not come back\\nas an empresario till 1830. He had much trouble with the\\nMexican government in carrying out his contract for colonizing\\nhis territory. Yet he ultimately succeeded, locating many fami-\\nlies, for which he received large and valuable grants of land.\\nColonel Robertson was a senator in the First Congress. He was\\nquick, earnest, and positive in speech and action, not particu-\\nlarly observant of parliamentary law and rules. I remember\\nhappening in the Senate in the midst of some discussion, when\\na senator quite vociferously called Senator Robertson to order.\\nHe paid no attention to the call. The senator continuing to in-\\nterrupt his speech by cries of Order Order he stopped his\\nspeech but continued to address the president of the Senate,\\nsaying: Mr. President, I am called to order. I do not know\\nthat I am out of order, but this I do know, I will not come to\\norder at the command of the gentleman. But, Mr. President, if\\nyou will just knock that little hammer down on me, I will squat\\nlike a partridge.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 109\\nMr. Eobertson died in the county which bears his name in the\\nspring of 1843.\\nGeneral Burleson, of San Jacinto fame, and well known both\\nbefore and after the war for independence as a brave Indian\\nfighter, was first in the House and then in the Senate before he\\nwas elected Vice-President. 1 remember well the earnestness and\\nforce with which he one day attacked Rusk, one of the giants\\nof the House. He had up before the House a bill donating lands\\nto the soldiers. He had gained Rusk s promise to the support of\\nhis bill, but when it was brought in and Rusk had time to think\\nover the matter in all its bearings, he not only voted against it,\\nbut gave his reasons as a statesman why he could not support\\nit. This was enough to move the ire of any man, and Burleson s\\ntowered high. In his indignation he coined words and rolled\\nthem out to express his contempt of the gentleman from Nacog-\\ndoches for backing out of his promise, and he carried the\\nHouse against Rusk that time. General Burleson was univer-\\nsally recognized as one of the first men of Texas. While not\\nwell educated (he would murder the king s English some-\\ntimes), his good strong sense and excellent judgment and pa-\\ntriotism were acknowledged by all, and he was in his day and\\ntime strong with the masses. As a candidate for the presidency\\nagainst Anson Jones, the last President of the Republic, his\\nprospects of success were known to be good, and had not General\\nHouston just before the election publicly declared for Jones,\\nthrowing his influence and many of his influential friends to\\nhim, there is little doubt that Burleson would have been Presi-\\ndent in 1844. Perhaps no man in Texas at that period had\\nmore military experience than Burleson. He commanded the\\narmy at the capture of Bexar in 1835 and led the First Regi-\\nment at San Jacinto. He was born in North Carolina in 1798,\\nand died at Austin, December, 1857.\\nHon. R. M. Williamson, known as Three-legged Willie, of\\nthe First Congress, was a striking character, and would at once\\nimpress you with the fact that he was no ordinary man. You\\nwere drawn to him by his fine powers of conversation and his\\nbrilliant wit. His wonderful satire and his power of sarcasm", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "IJO LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwere at times withering, although his nature seemed genial and\\nkind. In Congress he was recognized as an honest legislator,\\nan able debater, a good lawyer, and an efficient judge. At times\\nhe was full of fun, had many amusing passages with his brother\\nmembers, and was always respected and popular. During his\\nterm there were three Jones in the body John B. Jones of Gal-\\nveston, a prominent lawyer and an upright man and judge, was\\na large man and had an immense foot; William E. Jones, also a\\ndistinguished lawyer and judge, was impulsive, earnest, and ex-\\ncitable; the other was Simon L. Jones, a rattling, jovial, kind-\\nhearted son of the Emerald Isle. Judge Williamson in debate\\npleasantly spoke of his honest, big-footed friend Jones of Gal-\\nveston, his fiery friend Jones of Gonzales, and his hell-roaring\\nfriend Jones of San Patricio.\\nWilliamson came to Texas from Georgia in 1827, was alcalde\\nin 1834, a member of the Consultation in 1835, district judge\\nthe next year, and a member of Congress in 1840. He died in\\nWharton County in December, 1859.\\nEobert Wilson, senator from the district of Harrisburg and\\nLiberty counties, was one of the earliest settlers of Harrisburg,\\non Buffalo Bayou. He is supposed to have brought the first\\nsteamboat, the Cayuga, that navigated Galveston Bay. He was\\nalso interested in the first steam sawmill in the country. This\\nwas destroyed by Santa Anna as his army passed down to San\\nJacinto. While in the Senate, and at a time when the finances\\nof the country were in a very bad condition, certain banks in\\nMississippi made propositions to loan Texas their bank issue,\\nand the matter was discussed in secret session. Senator Wilson\\nopposed the proposition, denouncing the banks as in a failing\\ncondition, and asserting that Texas would be swindled if she\\nborrowed and put their money into circulation. He was an up-\\nright, enterprising citizen, and had acquired large properties in\\nthis section, and being a business man was a representative of\\nthat class. So while he was hot under the collar at the prospect\\nof the threatened financial ruin, he used very unparliamentary\\nlanguage toward his brother senators, and, defying the sergeant-\\nat-arms, made quite a scene, and afterwards on the outside, be-\\ning a jovial companion and great talker, said too much about", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. HI\\nwhat was going on in secret session. For these reasons, which\\nthe records of the Senate will show, he was arraigned and his\\nseat declared vacant. The people of Houston and his district\\ngenerally became indignant at his expulsion, and when an elec-\\ntion was ordered to fill the vacancy in ten days, by an over-\\nwhelming vote they returned Honest Bob, as he was famil-\\niarly called. On the day that he was to take his seat his con-\\nstituents procured a large carriage, seated the senator-elect in\\nit, and, ignoring horses, pulled it by hand to the capitol amid\\nthe shouts and hurrahs of the multitude. He stood up in the\\ncarriage to make them a little speech before he should enter, and\\nin conclusion he said My friends, you make me a great man\\nin spite of myself. He was then borne from the carriage upon\\ntheir shoulders into the capitol, when the sergeant-at-arms\\nagain tried his hands upon him, being ordered by the president\\nof the Senate to arrest Mr. Wilson and the person who played\\nthe bugle and the ringleaders of the mob that were interrupting\\nthe Senate in its deliberations. He was not brought before the\\nSenate under arrest, however, until next day, when the sheriff,\\nto whom a writ had been directed, brought up the prisoners.\\nThe ringleaders were sentenced to imprisonment for one day\\nand Mr. Wilson to a reprimand. Then it was all over and the\\nsenator-elect took his seat, and, as in the years past, went on\\nlegislating for the country.\\nUpon one occasion, being asked if he really deserved the ap-\\npellation of Honest Bob, Senator Wilson replied: I am al-\\nways as honest as the circumstances of the case and the condi-\\ntion of the country will allow.\\nAfter the Houston party failed to place a candidate in the\\nfield against General Lamar for the presidency, Mr. Wilson, as\\nusual deciding for himself, became a candidate just before the\\nelectfon. A party of gentlemen, I among the number, were\\nquestioning him as to his policy should he be elected, and said\\nTell us, please, with whom will you surround yourself as ad-\\nvisers in case of your election? He replied: It would cer-\\ntainly be indelicate and indiscreet to make an intimation, but,\\nwaving his hand around the circle, remarked, Should I be\\nelected, rest satisfied it would be just such men as you that I\\nwould call around me. This time he was as honest as the cir-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "112 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ncumstances of the case and the condition of the country would\\nallow.\\nMr. Wilson came to Texas in 1838, participated in the cap-\\nture of Bexar, and died in Houston in 1856.\\nIn the journals of the Senate is recorded an incident illus-\\ntrating the chaotic condition of the northeastern boundary line\\nof Texas and the difficulties in the way of establishing a govern-\\nment on a substantial basis. They had to cut out of whole cloth\\nwithout knowing how many yards the bolt contained. It relates\\nto the Hon. Eichard Ellis of Eed Eiver.\\nA protest against the vote that seated Mr. Ellis was sent in\\nby Senators William H. Wharton, John Dunn, I. W. Burton,\\nand S. H. Everett, who wished to record why they voted against\\nthe seating of the senator from Eed Eiver, that posterity and\\nall the world may know the course we have taken in this matter\\nand the motives which induced it. We protest, first, on the\\ngrounds that the United States of the North exercise at this\\nmoment actual and exclusive jurisdiction, civil and military,\\nover the country which the honorable gentleman claims to rep-\\nresent, etc., etc. secondly, we protest against said seat on the\\nground that the county of Eed Eiver has never been organized\\nin accordance with the requisition of the laws of the Eepublic,\\netc., etc. thirdly, we solemnly protest on the ground that we\\nare not fully satisfied that the honorable gentleman is a citizen\\nof this Eepublic.\\nAfter all this, Mr. Ellis took a prominent part in the proceed-\\nings of the Senate, was even made president, and to-day we\\nknow, if these four intelligent contemporaries did not, that he\\nrepresented a garden spot in Texas.\\nMr. Ellis represented Eed Eiver in the convention that de-\\nclared the independence of Texas, and, moreover, he was presi-\\ndent of that body. It would appear that these objections to\\nrecognizing Eed Eiver County as a part of the Eepublic were\\npresented rather late.\\nMr. Ellis came to Texas from Alabama in 1833, was a mem-\\nber of the First Congress, and died in 1849.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\n113\\nAs Comptroller during Houston s first term. I was closely\\nconnected with, the Treasury Department, the head of which,\\nwas Gov. Henry Smith. He was not only one of the earliest\\nadvocates of Texan independence, but he was in the first clash\\nof arms at Velasco. He was elected Governor of the Provi-\\nsional Government by the Consultation previous to the govem-\\nHENRY SMITH.\\nment n.d interim under President Burnet. Smith, was a presi-\\ndential candidate in 1836 with Austin and Houston, but re-\\nceived only a nominal vote. By President Houston he was ap-\\npointed Secretary of the Treasury, serving the entire term.\\nHe gave me several evidences of his friendship, particularly\\nat the time I wished to go on the Bonnell expedition. The Presi-\\ndent consulted with him as Secretary of the Treasury, and he\\npromptly consented to my having a leave of absence.\\nMy intimate association with Governor Smith led me to ad-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "114 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nmire his sterling worth, his pronounced patriotism, and his abil-\\nity as an executive officer.\\nSmith was a native Kentuckian, but came from Missouri to\\nTexas in 1821 was a school teacher in Brazoria County, 1827-\\n1830; a member of the Convention in 1833. In 1849 he emi-\\ngrated to California, where he died in 1853.\\nEmory Eaines represented the counties of Shelby and Sabine\\nin the Senate of the Second and Third Congresses. I remember\\nhim as a tall, dark, angular, and muscular man, presenting the\\nappearance of a sturdy frontiersman. He was one of our early\\ncongressmen who did not have the advantage of an education\\nin his boyhood, many of them being college men. Like Andy\\nJohnson, however, he married an intelligent lady, who taught\\nnim to read. But he certainly possessed shrewdness, intelli-\\ngence, and energy, as he was elected to Congress over an able\\nand popular competitor; and, besides serving on several other\\ncommittees, finally becaane chairman of the judiciary commit-\\ntee, and the Senate then included among its members such men\\nas W. H. Wha,rton, Ellis, Everett, and Eobertson.\\nEaines voted No so uniformly as to excite notice, and when\\nquestioned as to the reason, replied that if a measure proved\\npopular no one cared to investigate the negative vote, but if it\\nturned out to be unpopular, those on the negative side would\\nwin renown for statesmanship. A politician s idea this, not yet\\nwholly extinct. As most of the legislation of the world has al-\\nways been and is now bad, the negative is the safer side.\\nJudge Eaines was an alcalde under the Mexican regime, and\\nhence his English title of judge. He always claimed to be the\\nauthor of the homestead exemption law. In later years he\\ndropped the e in his name, spelling it Eains. He came to\\nTexas in 1818 from Tennessee, settling in the Sabine country.\\nHe died in the little county that bears his name in 1878.\\nDr. Alexander Ewing, surgeon-general of the army of the\\nEepublic of Texas, located in Houston at an early day. An\\nIrishman, young, handsome, black-haired and blue-eyed, of fine\\npresence, a graduate of the Edinburgh Medical School, he was\\nkind, liberal, active, and devoted to his profession, and soon en-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 115\\ndeared himself to the people of our city. He was our family\\nphysician from the time he arrived.\\nIt was he who told me of the necessity or great advantage\\nof taking coffee before going out into the dew or early morning\\nair in the malarial district. He said: Always take coffee as\\nsoon as you rise, and give it to your negroes if they are to go to\\nthe field before eating their breakfast. Do this, and you will\\nnever have chills and fever. For more than fifty years I have\\npursued this course, and have never had chills and fever in my\\nfamily, although living the most of that time upon the coast of\\nTexas.\\nDuring his lifetime that terrible scourge yellow fever fre-\\nquently visited our coast. In the days I am speaking of it was\\nver} severe at Houston. His practice was extensive in those\\ntimes of distress, even burdensome. The unacclimated, or the\\nlargest number of those able to do so, would flee from the in-\\nfected districts, leaving behind only those who were acclimated\\nor determined to brave it out. Hence it was that all who were\\nnot afraid of the disease were called upon for assistance. At\\nsuch times, having a good horse, I would place myself at the\\ndisposal of my doctor, go with him, receive the prescriptions,\\nhave them put up by the apothecary, and distribute them to the\\nvarious patients. No one unless he has passed through a 3^ellow\\nfever epidemic can appreciate the distress attending it. At\\ntimes more than half of the population were suffering with the\\nfever, with death rate running from 25 to 50 per cent of the\\npopulation. Sometimes entire families were swept away. In\\none epidemic, nine cases out of ten of the patients after a few\\nhours became entirely delirious, requiring the greatest care and\\nwatchfulness to keep them in their beds. The general disposi-\\ntion was to rise and run from the house, and in most instances\\nwhere they took cold they would die.\\nFor a long time, however, with quarantine laws strictly en-\\nforced, it would seem that our State is free from the dreaded\\ndisease. Since 1867 we have been free from a yellow fever epi-\\ndemic in Houston and Galveston. The more extensive use of\\ncistern water no doubt deserves some of the credit for this im-\\nprovement as well as quarantine and sanitary measures, for\\nwhen we had yellow fever in the country it was much lighter", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "116 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwhere it was used instead of other water. In these times of dis-\\ntress I was near Dr. Ewing, and learned to appreciate the ad-\\nmirable traits of the man, and I loved him devotedly.\\nAt the time of his death in Houston I was not aware that my\\nfriend was seriously ill. At the very hour I was in the court-\\nhouse delivering an address before the Masonic fraternity, one of\\nour brothers entered and announced the death of Dr. Ewing, a\\nbrother Mason and a member of our lodge. I was greatly\\naffected by the sudden, unexpected, and sorrowful intelligence,\\nand at once went off in an impromptu eulogy on the man I loved\\nso well, and sat down.\\nAfter the ceremonies Mrs. Judge Peter W. Gray, a most in-\\ntelligent and accomplished lady, said to me Your effort on\\nDr. Ewing s death is what I call true eloquence. It was the\\nfirst time I had ever been told that I could say anything elo-\\nquent. I appreciated it very much, emanating from the source\\nit did. Dr. Ashbel Smith succeeded Dr. Ewing as surgeon-\\ngeneral of the Texan army in the summer of 1837.\\nCol. Thomas F. McKinney, of the firm of McKinney Wil-\\nliams, was a large merchant at Quintana in the early days. He\\nwas a Kentuckian, but came from Missouri to Texas, and he\\nwas indeed a patriotic Texan. A brave, high-spirited man, his\\nwhole soul was in the cause of the Eepublic. He and his part-\\nner, S. M. Williams, aided most materially in sustaining the\\ngovernment in her darkest financial troubles.\\nIt was with them that I found my brother, T. S. Lubl:)ock,\\nat work upon my arrival, and I made their establishment the\\nstorage place for my merchandise. Thus he was one of my first\\nacquaintances. I found him a pleasant companion and hospita-\\nble, malting everyone welcome that visited him. He was an un-\\nexcelled marksman with his old-time Kentucky rifle. I was\\nstruck with his quickness and accuracy while making a trip with\\nhim. He was the first person that I ever saw shooting squirrels\\nthrough the head with a rifle while running. He was also a\\nsuperior horseman, and, like all Kentuckians, fond of fine\\nhorses. He bred during his later years fine blooded animals for\\nthe turf. He was held in great esteem by those who knew him\\nbest.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 117\\nMcKinney once represented Travis County in the Legislature.\\nHe died on Onion Creek, in that count} in 1873.\\nSam M. Williams, of the firm of McKinney Williams, was a\\nnative of Baltimore. He was Austin s Colonial Secretary, and\\nperformed his duties to the almost universal satisfaction. Later\\nhe formed a partnership with Thomas F. McKinney, and this\\nfirm was the mainstay of the Republic in her early financial\\nstruggles. Williams was the first and only president of The\\nCommercial and Agricultural Bank of Galveston, beginning in\\n1846. He died in 1858 at Galveston.\\nJudge William L. Hunter, a native of Virginia, came to\\nTexas in 1835 with the New Orleans Grays. My brother, T. S.\\nLubbock, and himself formed a close friendship in their soldier\\ndays which lasted through life. He came to Houston soon after\\nI located there, and through my brother s fondness for him I\\nbecame well acquainted with and much attached to him. From\\nhis mouth I received an account of the horrible butchery of Fan-\\nnin and his men at Goliad. He was one of the eighteen belong-\\ning to the New Orleans Grays who had joined Fannin at that\\nplace, and one of the two of that number who escaped from it\\nwith his life.\\nThere this brave commander, surrounded by difficulties, strug-\\ngled for weeks to do his duty in protecting the settlers families,\\nin furnishing a base for the detachments sent out on various\\nexpeditions, and in supporting the line, part of which was\\nformed by the gallant defenders of the Alamo. They deter-\\nmined never to surrender nor retreat, and had thrown down\\nthe gauntlet of defiance to their enemies, and with an appeal for\\naid to their friends, awaited the issue.\\nTravis took orders from Gov. Henry Smith, and Fannin from\\nthe Council but the same spirit animated both the spirit to do\\nor die for their country in this her sorest hour of need.\\nSanta Anna, threatening direst vengeance, with his army had\\nentered Texas through Presidio on his way to San Antonio, and\\non the 23d of February of this year, 1836, had summoned the\\ngarrison of the Alamo to surrender. General Urrea through\\nMatamoros had marched one division along the coast toward", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "118 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nGoliad, capturing San Patricio on the 28tli of Februar3^ From\\nthis place came the first news of his invasion to Fannin, and\\njust about the same time the arrival of Col. James Butler Bon-\\nham brought to him the message of the terrible extremity of the\\ngarrison in the Alamo. He had more to do than man could\\naccomplish with his resources. He sent detachments out to look\\nafter families. He essayed to go to the relief of Travis, when his\\ngun carriage broke down and he was delayed until he received\\nthe news of the further advance of General Urrea, who was visit-\\ning summary vengeance upon all detachments captured, scarcely\\nleaving a man to tell the tale. Making at one and the same time\\npreparations to receive an attack upon Goliad and to retreat\\nfrom the place, he heard of the fall of the Alamo, and fought\\nwith desperation when he was attacked just outside of the town\\nat Colito by Urrea s men in great force. Wounded in the battle\\nand compelled to surrender, he made good terms under the cir-\\ncumstances, which were that his men should be treated as pris-\\noners of war, the privates sent to the United States, and the ofh-\\ncers paroled.\\nAfter an imprisonment of several days in the old mission at\\nGoliad, the privates were marched out on Sunday, March 27th,\\nto be sent off to their homes, as they thought, when to their\\nhorror they discovered it was to be shot by order of Santa Anna,\\nwith the entire command, officers and inen, about four hun-\\ndred in number. Those who were not killed were very few, and\\nHunter s escape was miraculous under the circumstances. He\\nhad passed through the fiery ordeal as one of the volunteers in\\nthe storming of Bexar and capture of Cos command. He was\\ncool and brave, and promptly made up his mind what to do.\\nThe Mexicans generally aimed very high and their guns were\\nnot very true. Counting on this, he determined when the firing\\nbegan, to fall as if shot, taking the chances. He lay as dead, in-\\ntending after night set in, if not injured, to escape from the\\nfield of slaughter. The Grays had not been long from New\\nOrleans, and were well clothed. He had on a good black silk\\ncravat. The Mexicans relieved him of his boots and then took\\na fancy to his cravat, and as they proceeded to untie it, he,\\nthinking they were about to cut his throat, drew a quick breath.\\nImmedately they cried No muerto No muerto (not dead, not", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 119\\ndead), and at once eoninienced bayoneting him. He still played\\ndead on them, and they, after inflicting thirteen distinct wounds\\nupon his body, left him for dead. After dark, not being able to\\nstand and walk, he crawled away from the field of blood. After\\ngreat suffering, and with nothing to eat, living only on the dew\\nfrom the grass, on the third day he reached a house, where he\\nwas cared for and ultimately recovered. He said to me, Frank,\\nI will never try to play possum again.\\nHe settled at Goliad, near the scene of the dreadful slaughter\\nfrom which he so miraculously escaped, and was at one time a\\nrepresentative from Goliad and for years the county judge of\\nthat county.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "120 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTEE SEVEN.\\nMethod of Business in the Clerk s Office My Fondness for Horses\\nPurchase of a Ranch and Stocliing It Removal to My Ranch in 1847\\nOur Neighbors Agricultural Work and Stockraising A Round-\\nup, Incidents in the Life of a Cowboy The Laziest Man in Texas\\nMy Negro Stockmen As a Cattle Baron The Cattle Trade Then\\nand Now.\\nOn entering upon my duties as district clerk of Harris County\\nI determined to give the office strict attention, to gain tlie ap-\\nproval of the people, the confidence of the presiding judge, and\\nthe friendship of the lawyers, at that early day, as novi^, a very\\nstrong class of men. They came from many other counties, and\\neven from foreign governments. I also laid down the rule that I\\nwould never shave or speculate in a witness or juror s certificate.\\nIf the county could not pay the cash someone else might do the\\nshaving; and I would never sell property for my fees. Neither\\nwould I send a man to prison because of his failure to pay them.\\nIn a word, as I was opposed upon principle to an officer specu-\\nlating in any way in the things presenting themselves by reason\\nof his office, I decided to do nothing of the kind. This rule I\\nhave strictly observed in every position I have occupied through\\nlife. Further, as I have always felt that the people conferred\\nposition on me and enabled me to provide for myself and family\\nby my labor for them, I would endeavor to treat them generously\\nunder all circumstances. I spent my own money liberally, but\\nI was extravagant in horses. Sometimes I would hear this from\\nenemies, and at times my friends would badger me on the subject.\\nThere was in Houston a good, honest carpenter, Tom Bailey,\\nwho opposed my election upon the ground that when comp-\\ntroller I put on style and closed my office promptly at 4 p. m.,\\nand no one could have business attended to later. The fact was\\nhe did considerable fitting up about the capitol and he would\\ncome after office hours, while that summer I was living about\\nfour miles in the country, and generally closed the office and\\nleft town promptly at 4 p. m., and he was disappointed a time\\nor two in getting his accounts approved. So he would sa}^", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 121\\nDon t vote for Lubbock. He will Ijuy him a horse and buggy,\\nput on style, and if you are a few minutes after time you will\\nnever get your work done.\\nHowever, Bailey was mistaken. My business was attended to\\npromptly and well, and if I spent money on horses it was my\\nown money, and if I did ride them it was in my own time and not\\nin the people s. But my weak point was horses, and in that\\ndirection I was prodigal. At the time I was on my Allen Vince\\nfarm I owned a $500 horse. I remember one day riding him\\ninto Houston and coming on a knot of our business men, all\\nfriends of mine\u00e2\u0080\u0094 W. J. Hutchings, T.W. House, B. A. Shepherd,\\nJohn Kennedy, and others. I saluted them and dismounted.\\nWe engaged at once in a rambling, friendly talk. Shepherd\\nsaid: Well, Frank, you will ride a fine horse. The fact is you\\nride a horse good enough for a rich man. I spoke up: Yes,\\ngentlemen, but you know we all have our little weaknesses.\\nSome men throw away their money on unfortunate speculations,\\nsome on cards, some on wine, some on women, and some on\\nhorses. I spend mine on fine horses. I love them, and make them\\nuseful. I acknowledge, my friends, that I have sometimes come\\nup to town on that very horse bringing my wallets with me to\\ntake back two or three dollars worth of sugar and coffee and\\nflour, and have gone back with them empty, as I failed in collec-\\ntions, and did not wish to let you know I was so bad off as to ask\\nyou to put so small an amount on your books. I would have\\nbeen willing to call on you and you would have been only too\\nglad to credit me for a barrel of flour or sugar or a sack of coffee;\\nbut that amount would have broken up your stock. So you see\\nI was prudent for myself and considerate to you when I did not\\nask you for so much.\\nThese men were all ray good friends, and they appreciated the\\njoke about their limited capital. By prudence and intelligence,\\nstrict attention to business, and unimpeachable integrity, they\\nsoon were in the first rank of business men. They all became\\nwealthy, lived respected and beloved, and died regretted by the\\npeople who knew them. Wiliam M. Eice got his start in\\nbusiness about the same time with them, and today he is endow-\\ning a magnificent library for the city where more than a half\\ncentury ago he came to seek his fortune.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "122 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nI must sjjeak of our life on a ranch and why I became a\\nranchero during the time of my clerkship. After February,\\n1841, there was much litigation, and while the fees were quite\\nliberal money was very scarce, so that in 1846 there was due the\\nclerk s ofhce a large amount. Upon presentation of their costs\\nbill the farmers and stockraisers would tender cows, ponies, hogs,\\nand sheep in payment. The question then occurred to me, what\\ncould a man living in the town do with such things To avail\\nanything, land suitable for a ranch must be secured.\\nUpon consultation with my friend, Judge Andrew Briscoe, I\\npurchased of him, as the agent of the Harris heirs, about 400\\nacres of land at 75 cents per acre, on the south side of Simms\\nBayou, and six miles from the city of Houston. After deciding\\nto start a ranch, the subject was opened up to my friend Judge\\nPatrick C. Jack, the presiding judge over the court of which I\\nwas clerk. He was quite disgusted with the cattle business,\\nowing to the fact that the early settlers had many law-\\nsuits, both criminal and civil, in consequence of the cattle run-\\nning so much on a common range, and the crimination and\\nrecrimination in regard to branding them. Thus when he dis-\\ncussed my contemplated enterprise he had many objections to\\nurge against it. After giving many reasons why I should not\\nembark in the business he said: Lubbock, you are a young\\nman; your reputation is good; you are getting along remarkaWy\\nwell; you are popular, with no breath of scandal against you.\\nGo into the cattle business, and in less than six months you will\\nbe charged with stealing cattle and branding calves not your\\nown, and you will not only be charged with it, but very likely\\nthey will prove it on you. Do not go into it; the business is\\nnot respectable. After rebutting his arguments as thoroughly\\nas I could I finally said I believe, judge, I will go into the\\nbusiness to give it respectability.\\nSo that enterprise was put on foot. I hired an intelligent boy,\\nHenry Dillard, for my stockman, put up a cabin on my land,\\nand at once commenced stocking it in a small way with the cattle\\nwhich the farmers and others very promptly tendered.\\nAt the first court after starting the ranch there was a large\\nnumber of indictments brought in. After being first submitted\\nto the judge they were handed to the clerk for filing. After", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 123\\ncourt adjourned, the Judge playfully remarked to the lawyers\\nand bystanders, *l)id you notice how anxious and nervous the\\nclerk appeared to-day while examining the bills presented by the\\ngrand jury? It seemed to me that he feared he might discover\\nhis name in the batch.\\nI was of course quite gratified to find no bill against F. R.\\nLubbock, and I am still more gratified to say, after running\\nthe business for over twenty years, that I never did have a dis-\\nagreement with a neighbor growing out of a cattle transaction.\\nA deputy clerk was necessary, and I devoted all my spare time\\nto my interest on the ranch where my stock keeper was in charge.\\nThen, an opportunity presenting itself, I traded my residence in\\nHouston for a stock of cattle and in 1847 we removed to the\\nranch permanently.\\nVery soon I had a comfortable and desirable home. The\\nplace was so well improved by good buildings, fencings, barns,\\npens, lots, and pastures (I put up a chicken house that cost\\n$1500), that strangers would remark that some industrious\\nYankee must own the place, and were much surprised when they\\nwould be told he was a Southern man, an early comer to Texas.\\nSo much for a city boy, that took to ranching.\\nThe little town of Harrisburg, scarce three miles away, gave\\nus a pleasant set of neighbors, and at Houston our acquaintance\\nwas large and our friends knew they were always welcome. We\\nhad plenty of good country fare milk, curds, claBber, good fresh\\nbutter, while all the world was telling that we had prairies\\nfull of cattle and not a drop of milk, and plenty of berries in\\nseason, such things as city people love to get for a change. It\\nmade a ride out to Lubbock s attractive, and really it was an\\nexception when we sat down to table without company.\\nThis ranch was located on a line of travel from Houston to\\nGalveston and to many ranches in Harris and Brazoria Counties,\\nand though not on a county road it w^as passed daily by many\\npeople. The largest number were ranchmen, and of course were\\nalways welcome at our place hence we had much company of\\nthat character. This entertaining w^as mutual, as it was custom-\\nary for the cattlemen in their rounds to visit and camp with each\\nother. But the latch string was always on the outside to all", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "124 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ncomers, and no traveler ever stopped without having his horse\\nand himself taken care of free of charge.\\nI enjoyed living in the country and riding to and fro to attend\\nto court matters, and unless something very urgent required\\nme to remain in the city! returned home at night, even if I had\\nto encounter a rough trip, which was quite often.\\nSimms Bayou, upon the south side of which my improvements\\nwere located, was very boggy, and in consequence 1 kept upon\\nit what is known as a ground bridge. The country around was\\nheld by good settlers, peoj^le of intelligence and enterprise.\\nAt Harrisburg lived General Sherman, who, with all the\\nenergy of a very energetic man, was striving to build up that\\ntown, which was burned in 1836 by Santa Anna. He had been\\nvery active in the cause of Texas independence, using his own\\nprivate means to bring her aid and volunteering his services in\\nher defense, and afterwards made himself busy in building up\\nher waste places.\\nIn 1852 he went to Boston, Mass., and enlisted capitalists to\\nbuild a railroad through our wilderness. It brought little or no\\nfinancial success to him, but to all time let it be recorded that he\\nnot only led the first charge at San Jacinto with the cry of\\nGoliad and the Alamo! but that the first locomotive whose\\nwhistle reverberated over a Texas prairie was the General\\nSherman, the creation of his enterprise and energy. As his war-\\ncry opened the battle that had such great political results, so\\nthe whistle of the locomotive General Sherman struck a chord\\nthat reverberated through our vast territory, followed in my life-\\ntime by the shrill notes of legions of others on our Southwestern\\nrailways, reaching with messages of peace and prosperity even\\ninto that foreign country with which we were so long at war.\\nThe firm of Kyle Terry (Gen. W. J. Kyle and Col. Frank\\nTerry, of Terry Eanger fame), then Oyster Creek cotton and\\nsugar planters, took the contract for building the road. When\\nit reached Thomas Point we had a great barbecue to celebrate\\nthe opening, and several of us glorified the occasion in speeches.\\nWe all had our expectation of great good up to the highest point,\\nand each of us had contributed our mite. I had given one of\\nmy finest horses for the survey to add to the foreign capital that\\nGeneral Sherman had obtained to build the Buffalo Bayou,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "_\\n1^\\njiZjlGA", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 125\\nBrazo.s, Colorado Kailroad, now the Sunset Route. Barrett,\\nfrom Boston, was the first president, and the first engineer was\\nWilliams, who afterwards married General Sherman s daughter.\\nMrs. Sliernian, who was of the Cox family, was a very beautiful\\nwoman; indeed, our community was not only composed of intel-\\nligent, enterprising men, hut of aecomj)lished women.\\nMrs. Briscoe is the only one of that oklen time still renuiining\\nto show this generation their culture and worth and she can do\\nit grandly.\\nBriscoe s home was three miles from ours. At the time of\\nwhich I speak he was county judge of Harris County, and a man\\nto be admired firm, brave, and just. Ilis wife was from the\\nState of New York, General Sherman s from Kentucky, and\\nmine from J^ouisiana. These were all good friends. Tor the\\nwomen as well as the men who came here were true Texans.\\nAmong the later men were the Dobies, well educated Vir-\\nginians and fine fellows, whose ranch was about fourteen miles\\nfrom ours; Allen, a Texas boy, intelligent, energetic, and relia/ble\\nin ])usiness, and Colonel Hill, a first-class South Carolinian.\\nOur country for miles around was held Ijy enterprising and\\nindustrious citizens, most of them interested in cattle. With\\nall of these T cow-hunted from the time of my small beginning\\nuntil 1 became the largest cattle owner between the iirazos and\\nTrinity, and no baron of old ever went forth with his retainers\\nat his back to right his wrongs or mayhap to answer the sum-\\nmons of a superior with as happy and as free a heart as I, a cattle-\\nman, with my neighbors at my side and my cowboys at my heels,\\nstarted on a round up. Nor did any baron among our English\\nancestors in his excursions ride over so broad or so fair a land.\\nIn all the world that I have visited I have never beheld a more\\nbeautiful scene than a prairie in sunny Texas, bounded only by\\nthe drooping canopy of heaven, carpeted with grass, bespangled\\nwitli flowers, and presenting occasional mottes of tiinhci-, the\\nonly life in the scene being vast herds of grazing cattle. An\\nartist would revel in such a scene. I doubt, however, if a\\nmusician would delight in the lowing of the herds, but it made\\nmelody for me. I used to say the words of their lowing ran\\nMoney in thy purse, my boy; and 1 have learned in going", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "126 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthrough the world that not only ray practical self, but a musi-\\ncian and even an artist, appreciates money in thy purse.\\nBut outside of money making a cow-hunt possessed a fascina-\\ntion for me. It had many of the features of a soldier s life, the\\nliving out in the open air, the sky for a roof and the grassy sod\\nfor a pillow; the eager appetite for the simple meal; the story and\\nmerriment around the campfire with friends; plenty of excite-\\nment, combined with a touch of danger, and considerable gener-\\nalship in controlling large herds of wild cattle.\\nI purchased land for a ranch only, but I went somewhat into\\nfarming, and I discovered Briscoe was quite mistaken when he\\npositively stated that the land he sold me was not fit for anything\\nbut cattle raising. This 1 found out after I put enough in culti-\\nvation to answer my purposes. It was black hog-wallow, or\\nheavy black waxy prairie, and its need was drainage, and I had it\\nwell ditched and drained. Then, in preparing my ground for\\nthe crop, I adopted a mode that proved very beneficial. My land\\nwas laid off in beds of twelve feet wide, thrown well up, and the\\ncorn planted on those beds in rows of three or four feet apart.\\nThis gave admirable drainage. The next year I would plant in\\nthe water furrows next to the corn rows, after opening them with\\na subsoil plow, and I invariably made good corn. While I did\\nnot plant cotton for a crop, the land would produce it well, as I\\nfound by my experiments, and General Briscoe, a cotton planter\\nof Mississippi, who visited me once in company with his son,\\nJudge Briscoe, was delighted with my farm, and said that he\\nknew from what he saw of my place that it would produce good\\ncotton and in paying quantities. Besides, it yielded very fair\\noats and peas and sweet and Irish potatoes of the best quality;\\nin fact vegetables of all kinds grew well. I also had a good\\npeach and plum orchard and very many fine fig trees. Black-\\nberries and dewberries, indigenous to the sandy soil, grew in\\ngreat profusion upon the waxy land after it was plowed; sorghum\\nmade luxuriant crops. Upon this I summered my hogs, of which\\nI had a large stock.\\nMany farmers who cultivate heavy black land make a great\\nmistake in allowing their stock to run in their field; I never per-\\nmitted it. This even in dry weather injures the-land and makes\\nit hard to plow, and is ruinous in wet weather; it packs the land", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 127\\nand makes it break in hard clods which sometimes remain un-\\nslacked during the entire season. It paj^s to house your pea vines\\nfodder and hay and feed it from the barns, instead of allowing\\nthe stock to feed from the fields. I should, however, be modest\\nin expressing myself about farming, for I counted myself a cat-\\ntleman and not a farmer but I believe I would be modest even if\\nvery proud of my success as a farmer more than forty years ago.\\nI did not have agricultural journals or any early training to help\\nme on, but I made a good farmer on black waxy prairie in Harris\\n(^011 nty; so I can but exclaim, as I think of the more superior\\nsoils of the State, what an Eldorado Texas is for the industrious\\nand frugal farmer!\\nFor the first few years we had a hard and trying time. We\\nsettled where a tree had never been felled nor a blade of grass\\ncut down. Considerable stock had been gotten together\\nand quite a nice eaballado or drove of horses. The bayou was\\nvery boggy, and the first winters and springs, when the stock\\nbecame poor and while they were still unaccustomed to the cross-\\nings, the losses were very heavy. The finest horses and cattle\\nseemed doomed to bog. All the receipts of the clerk s office were\\nrequired to keep the ranch and farm agoing, and at times I found\\nmyself getting in debt. I had no experience in such a life, and\\nso discouraged was I that in paying a visit to my friend Briscoe\\nI declared to him that I contemplated abandoning my ranch and\\nreturning to town. He had a story ready for me to about this\\neffect: that no matter in what business you embark, if it is legiti-\\nmate, it is entitled to a fair trial, and if you would give it good\\nand intelligent attention with proper energy and industry and\\nstick to it for ten years, the difficulties would be surmounted and\\nit would prove lucrative. After hearing the story, I left his\\nhouse determined to hold on for ten years and take all the\\nchances.\\nXow, wliat was a round-up? I will endeavor to give you an\\nidea of it. The cattle being without any restraint during the\\nwinter would drift freely from the ranches of their respective\\nowners. So it became necessary early in the spring to hunt them\\nup and drive them back preparatory to the branding of the\\ncalves. In order to do this the ranchers who wished to have the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "128 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsame range assembled with from five to twenty men, as circum-\\nstances required. Each household would have its own pack mule\\nand provisions, consisting of biscuit, prepared to keej) without\\nmoulding, hard tack, bacon, coffee in great abundance, sugar,\\nand molasses. When the drive was expected to be long con-\\ntinued a wagon with a pair of mules would be taken for trans-\\nportation. According to the extent of the range the time of the\\nhunt would be determined; three to eight days would make up a\\ndrive when not going very far from home, and a larger scope of\\ncountry would demand sometimes as much as thirty days. From\\ntwo to four horses were provided for each man, because the\\nhorses were worked with only grass for their feed, and must needs\\nbe changed frequently during the day.\\nIt was customary during a drive in the spring of the year or to\\nthe first of July to pen the cattle gathered into the herd and\\nbrand the calves every day to guard against accidents or escapes.\\nThis branding was the main object of the hunt, of course. As\\nthe cattle belonged to different men, the first care was to identify\\nthe calves by their mothers. When they were tired and refused\\nto notice their mothers, it was wonderful to see with what cer-\\ntainty some of the cowboys could identify them by their ap-\\npearance and flesh marks. Then a cowboy on the alert would\\nrope and throw the calf, while another handed him the iron\\nheated and ready to be applied. It was the work of a moment.\\nIn case a mistake was discovered the same brand was again ap-\\nplied, which was called counterbranding, and the owner s brand\\nthen put on. This was the mode of transferring cattle from\\none owner to another, and was invariably done when selling stock\\ncattle, unless the entire stock, including the brand, was sold.\\nThen, upon arriving on some noted gTound where the com-\\npany expected to separate, the large herd, sometimes numbering\\nseveral thousand, would be held, which we did by encircling them\\non horseback, forming as it were an inclosure. The party having\\nthe smallest number in the herd then proceeded to cvit out, as it\\nis called, his cattle, and so on the next smallest owner, and the\\nnext, until each cattleman would have his stock gathered into\\na separate herd, which he would drive home, turning them on\\nthe range to which they were accustomed for the summer. Of\\ncourse many, unless closely herded, would drift back whence they", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 129\\nwere driven, which made little difference if the calves were\\nbranded. In the fall the same course of driving was pursued,\\nexcept that it was not advisable to drive the cattle home. They\\nwere only rounded up, and the calves being branded, they were\\nallowed to remain where they were.\\nFor the benefit of those who do not understand what is meant\\nby cutting out or parting cattle, I will explain. A large number\\nof stock is rounded up. Several owners have aided in the round-\\ning up and have cattle in the herd. The time comes for each to\\nget out his own preparatory to driving them home. He mounts\\nhis horse, and very much depends on the training and intelli-\\ngence of the latter in getting his work done rapidly and\\nsmoothly. The animal he wishes is singled out and he proceeds\\ngently to push it towards the outer line of the herd, causing as\\nlittle disturbance among the cattle as possible. On getting it to\\na favorable point on the outer line his horse makes a quick dash,\\nrunning it out to a point some distance from the main herd,\\nwhere one by one he collects in the same manner his own cattle.\\nThis process is continued until all the ranchmen get together\\ntheir several herds. Then the strays or cattle not claimed are\\nturned loose to roam.\\nMy pony Shuck was the first horse I purchased for my own\\neowdriving. He was considered the best parting or cutting out\\nanimal in all our range. Young, fleet, quick, and sensible, he\\nwaited and watched, appearing to know just what a cow was\\nintending to do. He would come nearer taking care of a herd\\nwithout a rider than any animal I ever knew. I worked him un-\\ntil he was about twenty years old and then gave him his free-\\ndom, permitting no one to back him.\\nOn one occasion, having a bunch of cattle near our place,\\nBriscoe, whose horse was tired, requested me to let him have\\nShuck for cutting out his cattle. Briscoe was peculiar about\\nhis horse equipments. He rode with a very loose saddle girth,\\ngenerally a weak one; his stirrup leathers were poor, and his en-\\ntire outfit was not strong. His idea was that if his horse fell\\nor anything happened he wished his rigging to give way so that\\nhe would not hang in his stirrup or be dragged, as was often\\nthe case. On mounting Shuck I cautioned him about the pony s\\nquickness and manner of dodging, so different from his horse\\n9", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "130 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nComanche, a great favorite. 1 advised him to put another sad-\\ndle on, which he refused to do, mounting upon his own. He be-\\ngan his work, and for a time everything went well. He was a\\ngood rider and very careful in parting stock. He had gotten out\\nquite a number when he encountered a wild and contrary year-\\nling, of all stock the most difficult to cut out. In making a\\nrapid movement the yearling stopped suddenly, turning very\\nquickly back towards the herd. Just as I expected, Shuck, as\\nwas his wont, turned at right angles to head off the animal.\\nFriend Briscoe with his saddle went in one direction and Shuck\\nin another. He was badly shaken up, but fortunately not in-\\njured. Had his equipments been strong I think he would prob-\\nably have not fallen. After getting up, however, he insisted\\nthat he preferred it his way. He did not try Shuck any more,\\nfinishing his work on Comanche.\\nSpeaking of excitement in driving cattle reminds me of a day\\nwhen I had enough of it. While putting together several thou-\\nsand head some four miles from my ranch, in company with\\nBriscoe, Allen and others, I was driving to the herd a three-\\nyear-old bull belonging to Mr. Allan Coward. My animal was\\nan extra fine one to be driving cattle on, and had little ex-\\nperience in the work. The bull, infuriated at being driven,\\nturned upon me and made a rush and lunge. Barely missing\\nmy thigh, he tore a desperate wound in the side of the mare,\\ncausing the fat about her paunch to protrude. After doing this\\nmischief, fortunately for me he kept on his course. My friends\\ncame to me immediately. The mare was walked to the house,\\nthe protruding matter replaced, the wound stitched up, and\\nshe recovered, doing good service for years, although her appear-\\nance was somewhat marred by a large lump remaining on her\\nside.\\nThe roughest work we had was at Junker s Cove, s\u00c2\u00bbnd it was\\nnot only hard but attended with considerable danger. This was\\na very thicketty country on our range, situated in Harris\\nCounty, about twenty-five miles below Houston, between the\\nwaters of Clear Creek and its tributaries. The thicket w^as quite\\ndense and it was a great harbor for wild cattle. These cattle be-\\ncame so wild that they never fed out of the woods info the\\nsmall prairies near by except at night, and then it was almost", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 131\\nimpossible to get them beyond their usual grazing ground out\\ninto the big prairies. They finally became so bad that a large\\nnumber of us would assemble, riding for miles in their rear,\\nthose who were expert with the lasso being ready to rope his\\nanimal as soon as one was discovered by them, for to the thicket\\nthey would instantly return, running over man and horse in\\ntheir fury to reach their hiding place. It so happened, however,\\nthat a few would be roped at each run. The next question was.\\nhow to proceed with these. As soon as they were thrown they\\nwere tied, holes punched or cut in their eyelids, and these drawn\\ntogether with hair taken from their tails, so that they were\\nperfectly blinded, their eyes being sewed up. A small, gentle\\nherd was always held near at hand with good herders, and this\\ngentle herd would then be driven around the tied cattle, which\\nwould be let up by the ropes holding them down being displaced\\nby the expert cattle roper. Not having sight, they would stay\\nwith the gentle herd, and in that way we could drive them off\\nto a new range, where, after their sight was restored to them\\nby cutting the hair, they would generally remain.\\nOn one of those moonlight drives my brother Tom Lubbock\\nwas with us as an amateur, and although an expert rider and\\ngood cowdriver, he was run over and quite severely injured,\\nnearly losing his life. Many accidents of like character would\\noccur, though fortunately we never lost a life in this way. But\\nI have known cattlemen, expert riders, to break their necks in\\nTexas.\\nI shall never forget a terrible fall I encountered in running\\ncattle near the battleground of San Jacinto, and that I did not\\nbreak my neck where other men were made immortal, was des-\\ntiny. One of the small bayous had become covered over with\\nweeds and brush so as not to be perceptible. I was running at\\nfull speed a cow-horse that the boys had dubbed the Flying\\nDutchman, because he was rather more fleet than the usual cow\\npony. I dashed him under whip and spur into this place after\\na yearling. We went down together. My friend Allen was with\\nme in a moment, expecting that both horse and rider were\\nkilled, for neither stirred until lifted out. I was for a while\\nsenseless. No bones were broken, however, and in a few hours\\nI was running as usual, and my horse, extricated and put upon", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "132 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nhis feet, was next day as good a Flying Dutchman as before his\\nfall.\\nAmong the incidents of a cowdriver s life I remember well a\\nremarkable experience with a bucking or pitching horse. In one\\nof our drives we had been out for a very long time. The prairies\\nwere very wet and our horses were about brokn down. Camp-\\ning at Asa Abshiere s, a stockman on Clear Creek some fifteen\\nmiles from home, he proposed to sell me a stout, strong-looking\\npony about nine years old. He was what is known among horse-\\nbreeders as a stag horse and came from Louisiana. I pur-\\nchased him and we started for home, when he appeared all right.\\nBut after crossing a creek and riding a few miles, without any\\napparent cause he began bucking or pitching. It proved the\\nfastest, hardest, and longest pitching spell that I ever encoun-\\ntered. After a time my bridle-bit, a new one, gave way, and I\\nhad to ride with a halter. I depended alone upon my fine spurs\\nto hold me in the saddle. I soon became very blind, and made\\nup my mind deliberately to give up, take the chances, and fall\\noff. At this moment my ever good friend Briscoe rode up,\\ncheered me, and said, You can ride the brute stick to him\\ndo not fall it is too hazardous. Were you ever in a fight\\nwith another boy and about to give up, and then have a big boy\\ntell you, Don t give up and you will whip the fight? So it\\nwas then. I straightened up, determined to stay in the saddle.\\nThe vicious horse would stop pitching when about as tired as\\nI was. Then when I would attempt to get off he would endeavor\\nto kick or bite. Finally he was roped around the neck and by\\none of his fore feet and straightened out so I could dismount.\\nUpon making a survey of the damages we found the bridle\\nbroken, the saddle, although ncAvly trimmed with the strongest\\nand best findings, all pulled and strained, the strings snapped\\nin two, and the skirts badly marked by the rake of the spurs,\\nshowing the service they had performed in keeping the rider\\nin the saddle. And as for the rider, fortunately he was not\\nmany miles from home, and one of the broken down horses was\\nmounted, the slow riding suiting his condition admirably. We\\nhad a Mexican along, a very good horse-breaker. I offered him\\nfive dollars if he would ride the horse home. No. he said;\\nI no ride Louisiana stag. I rather ride pitching Spanish horse.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 133\\nNot one of the party would ride him, so he was driven along\\nwith our loose horses. On getting home it was found that the\\naforesaid rider cowboy was raw from his ankles to his thighs,\\nand for days could not get about. Next day I traded the miser-\\nable brute for a brood mare to my horse-breaker Weed. He\\nwould and could ride anything with hair on.\\nDuring a hunt on the Brazos one evening when we were pur-\\nsuing the cattle at Cartwright s, I was driving up a yearling.\\nThere had been rain and the ground was slick. When quite\\nnear the pen he broke back for the prairie, I pursuing, and in\\nmaking a quick turn Shuck slipped and fell, taking me down\\nwith him. I kept my saddle, and as I lay with my left leg\\nunder him, he falling on his side, I pressed him hard with the\\nspur on my right heel. He was up in an instant and the yearling\\nwas followed, brought back, and put in the pen amidst the plaud-\\nits of the cowboys, I having never left my saddle. On going into\\ncamp after my fall it was found necessary to cut my boot off,\\nthe ankle was so badly swollen, and I was compelled to quit the\\ndrive and return home. But I was all right again in a few days.\\nNot long after this we had some fun that was more fun to\\nthe others than myself, and I was taken down a few notches.\\nAllen, Coward, Hill, the Dobies, and others with myself made\\nup the party. When we came to the Chocolates we found the\\nbayous very high and crossing difficult. After searching for\\nsome time we found an immense pine tree that had fallen across\\nthe bayou with the top on our side and the butt on the opposite.\\nThe water was flowing over it at considerable depth. By means\\nof connecting our cabrasses and lariats (hair ropes and rawhide\\nropes) together, we stretched them along the tree and across\\nthe stream that we might have a hand-hold to keep us from drift-\\ning off the trunk, for the current was very rapid. Our horses\\nwere stripped, and after swimming them over we commenced\\ncrossing, each one with his blanket, saddle, and other traps on\\nhis shoulders. I was perhaps the shortest man of the party\\nand waited to see them all over, bringing up the rear. It was\\nearly spring and the rain and norther made it very cold. I said\\nwhen starting, Now, boys, tell me when to leave the tree. It is\\ncold, and I wish to get over as dry as poss ible. Cautiously\\nwalking the tree and holding to the ropes so as not to fall into", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "134 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe stream, I was told at a certain place, Now is your time to\\nget off. I did so, the water, as cold as ice, taking me about my\\narmpits. I was angry very angry, foolishly angry. I conceived\\nthat I had been tricked, unfairly dealt with. I so said, and\\nabused my friends, behaving most ridiculously. It will not do\\nto write down what I said, but what I did say I suppose is mak-\\ning blue streaks through some place in the universe even now. It\\nis sorrowful to think that every word spoken, be it ever so bad,\\nrolls on forever as a certain lady says it does, with a lot of talk\\nabout energy and force that I do not understand, and maybe\\nnobody else does. But I knew it made me wish that I had been\\na church member earlier, so that I would not have turned loose\\nsuch unlovely words to go down the ages forevermore.\\nTo add to my discomfiture, my South Carolina friend Hill,\\nwho had large and beautifully white teeth, was grinning behind\\na tree so that I could just see his ivory, and I became very severe\\non him. Finally a stop had to be brought to all this nonsense,\\nand Hill emerged from his tree and said: Lubbock, I know\\nyou to be a fine horseman, and you can stand as much labor as\\nany man of us. I know you to be proud of your accomplish-\\nments as a horseman and your great endurance as a cow-\\ndriver. I know that you consider yourself when mounted equal\\nto any man, and I admit it. However, I did not think that you\\nwere vain enough to suppose that you could wade through water\\nand get wet no higher up than men who are more than a foot\\ntaller than you. There were several of the party six feet high\\nand upward. I at once took in the situation, saw how ridiculous\\nmy behavior had been, apologized in the most abject manner to\\nmy friends, including our darkies who were with us, and stored\\nup in my memory a most valuable lesson for my after life. Lit-\\ntle men should not attempt to wade with big men, either in\\nwater or finances and politics, without expecting to get wet\\nhigher up, even to the armpits.\\nI think Weed was the laziest man I ever knew. A few notes\\nof his career will show how easy it was for a man to live in\\nTexas with very little labor and capital. Buck Henderson, liv-\\ning in Houston, finding that Weed was breaking my horses,\\nvolunteered to tell me somewhat of his history. He was a horse-\\nbreaker in Louisiana. Henderson met him as he crossed the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 135\\nSabine, when he had a light Louisiana cart, wood wheels and\\nno tires, a yoke of yearling beeves hitched to the cart, some little\\nplunder, and a young and pretty wife. He stopped in Texas\\non the Sabine and engaged in horse-breaking. The next year\\nHenderson in traveling west saw him as he stopped on the\\nNeches. He had the same cart, his yearlings had become two-\\nyear-olds, he had a new pair of yearlings, more plunder in his\\ncart, the same wife, and a baby added. After spending the year\\nhere breaking horses Henderson saw him cross to the west of\\nthe Trinity. He had then a small two-horse wagon, his two-\\nyear-old steers were good three-year-olds, his yearlings had be-\\ncome two-year-olds, and he had a pair of yearlings in the lead.\\nHe had a chicken coop attached to the wagon, the wagon was\\nfull of plunder, his wife was with him, looking well, and he\\nthen had two boys, and behind the wagon a mare and a colt.\\nFinally Weed reached my ranch with about the outfit named.\\nHenderson said, Your horse-breaker is a moving, prospering\\nman.\\nHe soon made a contract to break my horses. He was per-\\nmitted to occupy a vacant house. Close to this he would have\\nseveral horses in hand staked out in the grass. He would have\\nhis wife by daylight to make coffee for him, and you would\\nsuppose he was up for a morning s work. Not so. His wife\\nwould milk the cows that she was permitted to milk, and Weed\\nwould stay about the house, not even moving his horses until\\nafter a. late breakfast, contending that it was best for the young\\nhorses not to handle them too soon in the morning.\\nOne fall, after the season for breaking horses was over, he\\napplied to me for some work about the farm. I said, Weed,\\nwe want to fence in a good pasture and rearrange our cowpens.\\nRails will be needed, and you shall have one dollar a hundred\\nfor all rails split; and you can work all winter. He jumped at\\nthe job, but he had to be furnished with axes and wedges. All\\nwere immediately purchased for him. After splitting a very\\nfew rails he reported that it was impossible for him to continue\\nthe work: that many years ago in breaking a bad horse his back\\nwas injured, and he could not maul rails. Mr. Lubbock, can\\nyou give me something else? W^ell, there is a field of fine crab\\ngrass that should be saved. The boys are busy in the prairie.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "136 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nSuppose 3^ou go at that. It will give you work for some time.\\nCertainly: he would begin immediately. He must have a scythe\\nand scythe stones. All right; they were at once purchased. In\\na day or two, all things being ready, I left him in the field in\\nthe crab grass. That morning I rode up to Houston. While\\nstanding upon the corner of Congress Street, I saw a man\\nriding very rapidly toward me. Soon recognizing the horse, I\\nbecame alarmed, fearing something was the matter at home.\\nHastening to meet the horseman and finding it to be Weed, I\\nsaid nervously, What in the world is the matter? Oh, noth-\\ning, he calmly replied. Nothing. Knowing you were anx-\\nious about saving the grass, I thought it best to come and tell\\nyou that in attempting to cut it my wrist gave way. Many\\nyears ago in breaking a bad horse my wrist was badly injured,\\nand I find I can not cut the grass. Mr. Lubbock, is there any\\nother job you can give me? Go away, I said, and wait until\\nhorse-breaking season comes again. You are fit for nothing\\nelse. You will do nothing else. You are the laziest white\\nman in Texas. For several years he continued in my service,\\nand he was good at horse-breaking, an occupation of which a\\nman becomes very fond, however lazy he may be in other em-\\nployments. Many of our negro boys were fine horse-breakers.\\nHowever, we preferred saving their backs and wrists.\\nI had a number of negroes, good men and efficient workers.\\nIn Osborn and William I owned two boys very valuable both\\nfor their honesty and intelligence with cattle and horses. After\\nthey became free they were employed by stockmen, receiving\\nhigh wages. But my best cowboy and most expert rider and\\nhorse-breaker was Willis, or Cy. Brought up by a Louisiana\\nstockman who gave him many privileges, he had a brand of\\nhis own and possessed a small number of horses and a good\\nherd of cattle. For some cause he had been sold and he was\\nnot satisfied with his next owner, who had none besides him.\\nA negro was generally disgusted when he was just one lone\\nnigger in the cornfield. So not satisfied, he took to the\\nwoods and stayed there. By some means he sent a message\\nasking me to buy him; that he was a good stockman and would\\nrender me valuable service. I said that I would like to have\\nhim, and his owner having heard it, sold him to me. He had", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 131\\na kindly heart, which was illustrated once while on a cow hunt.\\nHe saw what he supposed to be a black wolf out on the prairie\\nnear the Brazos bottom, and gave chase. After coming up\\nwith his game he found his wolf was a bear. He lassoed it,\\nand thus tied to his saddle by jerking it about he finally man-\\naged to kill the brute by choking it down and beating it with\\nhis stirrup. Upon arriving in camp he told the story of the\\ncapture, and, moved almost to tears, declared it would be the\\nlast time that he would ever tackle a bear, for dere is human\\nin em, sure; it begged and moaned just like a human.\\nHe had a great desire to be free, so he could manage his stock\\nto suit himself. I sold him his freedom, he paying me a portion\\nof the money. Subsequently he interceded with me to assist\\nhim in purchasing for himself his children and wife, a fine,\\nhandsome woman, and a good wife to him. He paid a part\\ndoM n and I guaranteed the balance. In the meantime the war\\ncame on, and when freedom came, as the darkeys say, he\\nowed me a part of his own purchase money. This I lost, and\\nI had to pay the debt I assumed for the purchase of his family.\\nOne of my best negroes was Louis. I remember an amusing\\npass with him upon one occasion after I went into politics.\\nReturning home about dark after an absence of a few days,\\non stepping from the hall into the yard I was seized by the\\ncalf of the leg and violently shaken by a dog. Fortunately I\\nhad on a pair of good high topped boots and managed to throw\\nthe brute ofi without sustaining any injury. I at once got my\\nshotgun, determined to kill him. The load had been dis-\\ncharged during my absence, and some delay ensued in obtaining\\nammunition. My anger having somewhat abated, I repaired to\\nthe door to inquire what dog had attacked me, when I was re-\\nferred to Louis. I said to him, Was that your dog that at-\\ntempted to bite me? Yes, Mass Frank, he replied. Well,\\nLouis, I would have killed him had my gun been loaded, and\\ndo you take him away by morning. I never keep a biting dog\\nmyself, and I certainly will not have one about the place that\\ndoes not know the owner of it. He rejoined in the most inno-\\ncent manner possilile, Mass Frank, you can t blame the dog\\nbecause he don t know you. You aint home nough dese days\\nfor the dogs to know you. This answer created much merri-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "138 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nment, and was quoted tome by my wife quite frequently about\\nthat time.\\nI never was a dog fancier. In fact I despise most dogs, and\\nnever would keep one about my home that would bite a human\\nbeing. I did however at this very time own a dog, mastifE and\\nbull, one of the finest specimens I ever saw, and he was beyond\\nprice. He was almost as useful as a good stock boy. He was\\nso intelligent that he would go in the prairie and drive up milch\\ncows. He would guard the gap and let out only such calves as\\nyou desired to turn from the pen. If ordered to do so he would\\nbring by the nose the most unruly beef from the prairie to the\\ncowpen. I could make him catch anything from a horse to a\\npig, but I never did know him to offer to bite a human being.\\nHe was finally killed by a wild boar through a neighbor s bad\\njudgment in setting him on it.\\nThe marketing of cattle when I was a ranchman was a differ-\\nent thing from the present time. In 1845 and for several years\\nafterwards Galveston and Houston, then small towns, consumed\\nbut few cattle, and had a large scope of country well stocked to\\ndraw their supplies from.\\nIn driving to Galveston there was no way to get across the\\nbay except in small sail boats from Virginia Point, carrying\\nfrom three to seven beeves, and we could not make the trip\\nunless the wind and tides were favorable. Sometimes we were\\ncompelled to remain there many days before getting over a\\nfew head.\\nAt Houston there was an establishment for the slaughtering\\nof cattle for the hide and tallow. They would give from one\\nto one and one-quarter cents per pound net weight, they claim-\\ning the privilege of slaughtering, and they would take the neck\\noff pretty close to the shoulders, the shanks off, and hang the\\ncarcass up to drip all night; so that it took a pretty good Texas\\nthree-}^ear-old to bring you four dollars and a real good beef to\\nbring you five dollars. The butcher gave a little better price,\\nbut the consumption was so small that the stock people had to\\nsell to the tallow company.\\nAt that time Texas furnished many cattle to ISTew Orleans.\\nThey, however, from our section were driven overland, a long,\\ntedious, and expensive trip, sometimes very disastrous in conse-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 139\\nquence of the many rivers to cross. Some years after this state\\nof affairs we had the Morgan steamers running from Galveston\\nto ISTew Orleans. Then our cattle would be driven to Buffalo\\nBayou below Harrisburg, put on barges taken to Galveston, then\\nloaded upon the steamer for ISTew Orleans and landed at the\\nstock landing. It was a hard trip, and if the voyage was rough\\nthe cattle were badly bruised and sometimes there was consider-\\nable loss.\\nS. W. Allen and myself were largely engaged in this shipping\\nbusiness, keeping one or two steamers chartered for our own\\nuse.\\nSubsequently when the railroad to Brashear City on Ber-\\nwick s Bay was completed and the Morgan steamers connected\\nwith that railway, our cattle were shipped by that route, which\\nwas much shorter and safer for the stock than the outside pass-\\nage by the Balize. Shipments were made by this route until\\nthe railroad was completed from Houston to New Orleans, when\\nthe traffic was transferred to that line. This last was after I\\nhad quit the business.\\nWe made much money in those days in the purchase of stocks\\nof cattle by hundreds and thousands, shipping the calves and\\nyearlings and fat cattle, and taking the large profits to repur-\\nchase and ship again, keeping up a continual traffic. When the\\nWar between the States came on it put a stop to this profitable\\nbusiness of ours. We resumed it after the war was over. In\\na short time, however, I betook myself to other employments.\\nSoon the Northwest was opened up to us by railway, and to-\\nday Texas cattle are found in the markets of the world.\\nIn other points besides transportation the cattle business has\\nundergone a great change. In 1847 I lived upon my little place\\nand had a vast territory of millions of acres of land unfenced,\\nwith grass entirely free for my cattle. My brand was recorded\\nin Harris, Galveston, Brazoria, Fort Bend, and Austin coun-\\nties. Some men would rent a small tract of land and have the\\nsame privilege, and at times others would merely squat down\\nat a water-hole and enjoy the same benefits and no complaints\\nbe heard. After a while, as settlers began to come in, you would\\nhear mutterings from some about things being too free. Then\\nin the course of time, some ten or twelve years ago, the State", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "140 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nbegan to look after the children s grass, as that on the school\\nlands was called, and passed laws making it a penal offense to\\ngraze and herd stock upon the public school lands unless the\\nsame were leased. This soon led to cattlemen fencing in their\\nland, so that now there is not much actual free grass in the\\nState, grass for the most part being in large pastures; thus it\\nrequires much capital to run an extensive ranch whether you\\nown or lease the land.\\nThis interest received a very severe shock a few years since.\\nPrices became inflated, and the cattle kings purchased large\\nbodies of land and great herds, when prices tumbled and crushed\\nmany in their fall. However, things are now looking better.\\nTexas is a fine cattle raising country. It is particularly good\\nbreeding ground. Cattle mature very early; heifers calve at\\nfrom eighteen months to two years old; the seasons are m.ild,\\nand there is little or no disease on the open prairie. I have\\nlong been of the opinion that it would be more remunerative\\nto the stockmen of Texas to reduce their herds to better im-\\nproved breeds, provide for them in the cold winters, and market\\nall while young, except such large cattle as they may be able\\nto feed. Thus so much pasture land will not be necessary.\\nThe cattle business is a nice, clean, profitable one, and will pay\\nif intelligently conducted. I speak of neat cattle mostly, be-\\ncause I have had much experience in that line. Horses and\\nsheep do well in Texas. Particularly is the raising of mules re-\\nmunerative; and there is no farmer in the State with a reason-\\nable number of acres that can not in addition to his usual crops\\nrear for his own use his oxen, horses, mules, milch cows, hogs,\\nand muttons.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 141\\nCHAPTEE BIGHT.\\nHonors to President-elect Houston En Route to the Capital His\\nInauguration and the Inaugural Ball Appointments by the Presi-\\ndent\u00e2\u0080\u0094Comptroller Again How Austin Then Appeared Resign\\nthe Comptrollership and Return to Houston The Worlcings of Re-\\ntrenchment The Excliequer System in Finance The Vasquez raid\\nCalled Session of Congress at Houston The WoU Raid Volun-\\nteers The Somervell Expedition Dissensions and Disaster at Mier\\nThe Texas Prisoners Congress at Washington Depreciation of\\nthe Exchequers ^Seat of Government Troubles Complimentary\\nResolutions to President Houston\\nA few weeks after the election General Houston and lady had\\nquite an ovation given them by their home people at San\\nAugustine, including a grand ball at night. This was shortly\\nfollowed by a kind of ratification meeting by his friends at\\nNacogdoches and Crockett, in which very complimentary resolu-\\ntions of respect and confidence in the hero of San Jacinto were\\npassed.\\nNot to be outdone, the friends of Old Sam in the city of\\nHouston called a large meeting (of which I. N. Moreland was\\nchairman and I the secretary) and offered him the freedom of\\nour city. Accordingly, the President-elect, on his way to Aus-\\ntin, visited us and received a royal welcome.\\nMet at the suburbs of the capital city by an imposing proces-\\nsion, civil and military, General Houston was escorted to the\\nEberly House, prepared for his reception.\\nI was not present at the inauguration of President Houston\\nat Austin, but I gathered this account of it from contemporane-\\nous newspapers and other sources considered reliable\\nAfter several days of elaborate preparation, the inauguration\\nof General Houston came off at the old wooden capitol, on De-\\ncember 13, 1841. The day was beautiful, and thousands had\\ncollected from every part of the Republic to witness the impos-\\ning ceremonies. To accommodate the sightseers, who swarmed\\non the ground at an early hour, a staging had been erected, and\\nseats prepared under a beautiful awning spread in the rear of\\nthe capitol. These seats were occupied by both houses of Con-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "142 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ngress and a brilliant assemblage of ladies and gentlemen. Presi-\\ndent Lamar and President-elect Houston were escorted in mili-\\ntary style by the Travis Guards from the President s house to\\nthe capitol. President-elect Houston and Vice-President-elect\\nBurleson, attended by committees, made their appearance at 11\\na. m. Prayer was offered by Judge R. E. B. Baylor, and the\\nSpeaker of the House administered the oaths. When General\\nHouston kissed the book as a seal to his official oath, one of the\\nTwin Sisters belched forth her hoarse approval, and the mul-\\ntitude, taken by surprise, joined in with bursts of applause.\\nOn conclusion of the ceremonies, both houses of Congress\\ndined with the President, on his invitation, at the Eberly House.\\nThe inevitable inaugural ball followed at night. The Senate\\nchamber on this occasion was tastily decorated with the Texan\\nand the American flags and the Mexican standards captured at\\nSan Jacinto. A very beautiful transparency of the words, The\\nLaws and the Constitution, surrounded by a star formed by\\nburnished bayonets and supported by a well-arranged ground of\\nmuskets, attracted general attention and admiration.\\nGeneral Houston was present, adding to the gayety of the\\noccasion by his extreme affability; but there was a general re-\\ngret at the absence of Mrs. Houston, detained at Galveston by\\nill health. The beauty and chivalry of the Republic filled the\\nroom to overflowing, and the festivities, lasting till the still\\nhours of the morning, passed away joyously.\\nThe President s first appointments made known were Anson\\nJones, Secretary of State Geo. W. Hockley, Secretary of War\\nGeo. W. Terrill, Attorney-General; Asa Brigham, Treasurer;\\nFrancis R. Lubbock, Comptroller Gail Borden, Collector of the\\nPort of Galveston, and Jas. Reiley, Charge d Affaires to the\\nUnited States.\\nAll these nominations were confirmed at once by the Senate.\\nThe notification of my appointment was written by Wm. D.\\nMiller, his private secretary, and bears Houston s characteristic\\nautograph. People used to say that he made it so as to read I\\nam Houston.\\nOn receiving my appointment I repaired by stage at once to\\nAustin, where I received a cordial greeting from the President,\\nthen domiciled at the Eberly House.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 143\\nAt that time Austin was quite a village, having only about 800\\ninhabitants. On the exposed frontier the town was occasionally\\nraided by Indians, who stole horses and murdered people in close\\nproximity to the capitol. At nights I felt safer at my quarters\\nthan on the streets, and you were pretty sure to find a Congress-\\nman at his boarding house after sundown. Whether owing to\\nthe disappearance of the Indians or not I will not say, but it is\\ncertain that our modern legislators travel around more at night\\nthan did their honorable predecessors.\\nThe capitol then stood on the corner of Eighth and Colorado\\nStreets, and faced Congress Avenue. It was a one-story frame\\nbuilding made of lumber from the Bastrop pine mills, and\\nerected on the site of the present city hall.\\nThe most elegant looking building was the executive mansion,\\na neat two-story frame building painted white. St. Mary s\\nAcademy now stands on the same site. It was not occupied at\\nthe time by the President, as Mrs. Houston was absent and said\\nto be visiting relatives in Alabama. The other public buildings\\nof Austin, then scattered along the avenue or at a little distance\\nfrom it east or west, were but rough little shanties.\\nI qualified and assumed the duties of the Comptroller s office,\\nwhich I held but a short time. I was clerk of the District\\nCourt of Harris County when I was appointed Comptroller, and\\nI now had to choose between these offices. My home being in\\nHarris County, and the clerk s office being then more lucrative,\\nI resigned the office of Comptroller and returned to Houston,\\npreferring the office of clerk.\\nThe President then made me one of his aids, and I served on\\nhis staff as aid during his entire term, with the rank of colonel\\nof cavalry.\\nThe Sixth Congress proceeded promptly to complete the re-\\nforms of the Lamar administration before the inauguration of\\nGeneral Houston. This was accomplished by An Act to abolish\\ncertain offices therein named, and to fix the salaries of the offi-\\ncers of the civil list, etc.\\nThe offices of Commissioner of Revenue, Stock Bureau, Trans-\\nlator of the General Land Office, Commissary of Subsistence,\\nQuartermaster and Paymaster General of the Regular Army\\nwere abolished.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "144 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nAs to salaries, the President was cut down from $10,000 to\\n$5000 per annum; the Vice-President and Attorney- General\\nfrom $3000 to $1000; Secretaries of State, Treasury, and War\\nand Navy (consolidated), from $3500 to $1500 each; the Chief\\nJustice of the Supreme Court, from $5000 to $1750 chief clerks\\nof various departments, from $1500 to $600, and so on down the\\nlist in the same proportion. As an evidence of their patriotic\\nsincerity, the Congressmen did not forget to cut down their own\\nper diem from $5 to $3.\\nThere had been such a howl over Lamar s extravagance that\\nit must have been with a kind of grim satisfaction that he\\nsigned this retrenchment law for the benefit of his successor\\ntwo days before coming into power.\\nThe first thing for the new President was to devise another\\nfinancial system and to adjust his administration to the differ-\\nent conditions. The government paper had depreciated to about\\n15 cents on the dollar, and the Republic was without cash or\\ncredit.\\nSo the Congress, on Houston s recommendation, adopted what\\nwas called the exchequer system. Bills not to exceed in amount\\n$200,000 were to be emitted, receivable for all public dues at\\npar with gold and silver. With reviving confidence, this plan\\npromised well, and the exchequer system was pronounced a suc-\\ncess at the beginning and before any test. Bills only to the ex-\\ntent of $50,000 were issued at first to pay the necessary expenses\\nof the government, and then more, according to the financial\\npressure. To be all right the exchequers only lacked some tangi-\\nble redemption fund.\\nUnder an apparent reduction of salaries, the officials under\\nthe Houston administration were for a while better paid than\\ntheir predecessors. The public debt at the close of Lamar s ad-\\nministration was estimated at $7,704,328. This was the high\\nwater mark of the Eepublic s indebtedness, the only subsequent\\nincrease being from interest. The funded debt at this time was\\nroughly put at about $2,000,000.\\nAs a cause for extraordinary expenditures, Lamar pleaded:\\nan Indian war inherited from Houston s former administra-\\ntion the expulsion of the Cherokees the assertion of the right\\nof Texas to Santa Fe by the Santa Fe expedition, and the pro-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 145\\ntection of the Eio Grande frontier so effectually as to prevent\\nMexican raids into Texas. Besides this, the rapid depreciation\\nof Texas paper money, like that of all other countries when not\\nproperly secured, made the expenditures towards the end appear\\nfrightfully large.\\nEarly in March came the news of a Mexican invasion. Con-\\ngress had already adjourned and left Austin, and General Hous-\\nton was at Galveston. Vasquqz, with about 800 raiders, had\\nstruck San Antonio and threatened Austin. General Burleson,\\nwith a considerable force, hurried to the scene of action but the\\nenemy, after plundering the city, had fled. Meanwhile the\\nPresident, thinking the archives in danger, ordered them re-\\nmoved to the city of Houston. This order enraged the residents\\nof Austin and vicinity, but there seemed to be a general ap-\\nproval of it elsewhere.\\nIn the special session of Congress at Houston, in the summer,,\\nthe most exciting thing was the bill for offensive war against\\nMexico. The bill seemed calculated to allay the public feeling\\non the then recent Mexican raid. Houston seemed to favor the\\nbill till it passed both Houses, when he vetoed it on constitu-\\ntional grounds. The veto called forth a storm of indignation\\nfrom the volunteers in the proposed invasion; but the people\\nwere doubtless satisfied.\\nCongress being checkmated in their attempt to carry on\\noffensive war against Mexico, hastily adjourned without pass-\\ning any defensive measures to meet the enemy. The bad effects\\nof this failure to put the country in a proper posture of defense\\nsoon appeared. The Mexicans, now thinking that they could\\nraid with impunity on Texas, made what is known as the Woll\\nraid.\\nOn September 11, 1842, General Woll with 1300 men com-\\npletely surprised and captured San Antonio. The city was\\nplundered a second time during the year and more than fifty\\ncitizens carried off as prisoners, including the judge of the dis-\\ntrict court then in session, our former Judge and ex-Lieut.-\\nGov. Jas. W. Robinson, District Attorney George Blow, Sam\\nMaverick, John Twohig, and George Brown. Colonel Caldwell,\\nCaptain Hays and others rallied a small force and engaged the\\nenemy as best they could. In this fighting around San Antonio\\n10", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "146 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCaptain Dawson and company of fifty-three men were sur-\\nrounded by superior numbers of Mexicans and all massacred\\nbut ten or twelve. On the 20th, Woll, without serious damage,\\nbegan his retrograde march to the Kio Grande. Meanwhile\\nthousands of gallant Texans had crowded to the scene of action,\\nbut the foe had fled with his plunder and jsrisoners.\\nThe news of Woll s capture of San Antonio reached our city\\non the 16th of September, and the President immediately made\\na call for troops. In response, the Milam Guards and Mosely\\nBaker s company, with Sherman s cavalry, volunteered, and set\\nout in a few days for the seat of war. We arrived at Columbus\\nin the latter part of the month and remained there in camp till\\nturned back by orders of General Somervell as not being needed,\\nfor the reason perhaps that Woll had already retreated.\\nWe accordingly returned home, but Thomas S. Lubbock, com-\\nmanding N 0. Smith s company, marched on to San Antonio.\\nThe President promptly appointed Gen. A Somervell to com-\\nmand the forces in and around San Antonio. The general\\nreached San Antonio about November 1st, finding nearly 1200\\nmen on the ground. The soldiers preferred Burleson as a com-\\nmander, and the greater part of Bennet s regiment from Mont-\\ngomery returned home. The remnants of commands were con-\\nsolidated into a regiment under Col. Jos. E. Cook, Lieut.-Col.\\nGeo. T. Howard, and Maj. D. Murphree, and a battalion under\\nBennet. John Hemphill was the adjutant-general, and Col.\\nWm. G. Cooke the quartermaster.\\nAfter a long delay, on November 29th two months after\\nWoll s departure Somervell with about 750 men set out in pur-\\nsuit. Houston s order of October 3d to Somervell read thus:\\nYou will proceed to the most eligible point on the southwest-\\nern frontier of Texas and concentrate with the men now under\\nyour command all troops who may submit to your order, and if\\nyou can advance with a prospect of success into the enemy s\\nterritory, yoii will do so forthwith. You will receive\\nno troops into your command but such as will march across the\\nEio Grande under your orders if required by you so to do. If\\nyou cross the Eio Grande, you must suffer no surprise.\\nThis order of the President clearly indicates that an effective\\ncampaign on the Eio Grande was expected.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 147\\nLaredo was occupied by the Texans early in December. The\\nevening of the next day they marched, as ordered, down the Rio\\nGrande on the east side. At the next day s council of war eleven\\ncaptains voted in favor of crossing the river and fighting the\\nenemy. As to a commander, the whole army without a dissent-\\ning voice voted for Somervell when he said that he would lead\\nthem towards the enemy. Later, 200 out of the 740 present\\nvoted to return home, which they at once proceeded to do under\\nthe leadership of Colonel Bennett and Capts. Jerome B. and E.\\nS. C. Robertson.\\nSomervell crossed the Rio Grande with his army December\\n14th. General Canales with 700 men appeared in front. The\\nTexans were restrained by their commander from attacking the\\nenemy then in sight. After an ineffectual effort to get suitable\\nrations, the next day Somervell ordered the army to recross the\\nriver back into Texas. The order for the march back to San\\nAntonio was issued on the 19th. Only about 200 men obeyed,\\nfrom convictions of duty to the legal commander. Among them\\nwere Capt. P. H. Bell, afterwards Governor John Hemphill,\\nlater Chief Justice; Lieut. Thos. S. Lubbock, Lieut. John P.\\nBorden, Memucan Hunt, Lieut. Moses A. Bryan, Lieut. John\\nHenry Brown, Ed. Levin, Capt. Jas. A. Sylvester, and the staffs.\\nThe majority of the army, 304 men, refused to obey Somervell s\\norder, chose Colonel Fisher as their leader, and marched down\\nthe river. Col. Thos. J. Green commanded the Texan flotilla,\\non which were my old Major Bonnell, now acting as lieutenant,\\nand Dr. R. Brenham, acting as surgeon. On the night of the\\n21st of December the land and naval forces camped together at\\na point seven miles above the town of Mier. The next morning\\nCapt. Ben McCulloch with a few picked men reconnoitered the\\ntown to ascertain the presence and numbers of the enemy, if\\nany, in that vicinity. On his return Colonel Fisher crossed the\\nriver with his army and occupied Mier. A requisition for sup-\\nplies was duly made upon the alcalde, who was taken to camp\\nby Colonel Green.\\nA few days later they learned that supplies started to them\\nfrom Mier had been intercepted by General Ampudia with 700\\nmen, then reported to be in the neighborhood. Left to a vote of\\nthe army, it was unanimously resolved to cross the Rio Grande\\nand attack the Mexican army.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "148 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nLate on the same day, December 25th, Colonels Fisher and\\nGreen with their forces passed the river and at once engaged the\\nenemy. The fight continued favorably to the Texans till next\\nday, when Colonel Fisher, being wounded, was induced to sur-\\nrender his little army of about 300 men as prisoners of war.\\nGeneral Ampudia, who had more than 3000 men, stipulated to\\ntreat all who will give up their arms with the consideration\\nwhich is in accordance with the magnanimous Mexican na-\\ntion.\\nThese terms were wholly disregarded. The Texans were\\ntreated as felons and decimated for an attempted escape. It was\\nWaddy Thompson, the American Minister to Mexico, that kept\\nthem all from being shot. Whether their acts were authorized\\nor not, the Texans had surrendered as prisoners of war, and all\\nfair-minded men held that the terms of surrender ought to be\\nobserved.\\nUltimately Mr. Thompson obtained from Santa Anna the re-\\nlease of all the survivors of the Santa Fe and Mier expeditions,\\nand received for his kindness the thanks of the Texan Con-\\ngress.\\nIn October the President issued his proclamation for an extra\\nsession of Congress to convene at Washington on November\\n14th. The members of Congress came in so slowly that there\\nwas no quorum for business for about two weeks. The dissatis-\\nfaction about the removal of the seat of government may have\\ncontributed to their delay. The reasons for the last removal ap-\\npear to have been on the commendable ground of economy, to\\navoid the annual payment of $5000 for the use of the capitol\\nbuilding by the government; and further, it appears from a\\nstatement: of President Houston (in answer to a request for in-\\nformation by the Senate as to the McFarland account against\\nTexas) that W. Y. McFarland proposed on the part of the pro-\\nprietors of the town of Washington that they would remove the\\npapers and public stores and also furnish comfortable rooms for\\nall the officers, to provide and furnish suitable buildings for the\\nhonorable Congress in which to meet and hold its sessions. All\\nof which was to be done without cost or expense to the govern-\\nment.\\nWhether Judge McFarland ever got pay for his trouble and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 149\\nexpense or not I do not now remember. Perhaps not, as Wash-\\nington ceased to be the capital in 1846. As a fact, however, the\\nupper rooms over the two saloons were used as legislative cham-\\nbers for a while at least.\\nThe Mexican raids and removal of the capital had affected\\nthe public credit and the finances were again in an unsatisfac-\\ntory condition. The exchequers had depreciated to 25 or 30 cents\\non the dollar, though only $125,000 in those bills had been is-\\nsued. With all the economy in abolishing or amalgamating the\\noffices and reduction of the official salaries, the government was\\nstill driven to the most desperate straits for existence. Hence\\nPresident Houston s bargain with Judge McFarland to save\\nmoney.\\nFor the failure of the exchequer system up to this time, the\\nPresident blamed Congress for not giving him authority as re-\\nquested to hypothecate and sell the Cherokee lands as a redemp-\\ntion fund, and for the six months postponement in the collection\\nof the direct tax. And as a relief, he recommended the prohibi-\\ntion by law- of the circulation in the Kepublic of all notes of\\nindividuals, corporations, or of foreign banks.\\nNot halting in the work of retrenchment, the finance commit-\\ntee recommended the recall of all our foreign representatives\\nabroad and the abolishment of two more departments. The du-\\nties of the Treasury Department were to be done by a clerk in\\nthe Treasurer s office, and the amalgamated Department of War\\nand Navy was to be squeezed into the office of the Secretary of\\nState, which had already swallowed up the Postoffice Depart-\\nment.\\nTo what extent would this spirit of retrenchment go? Old\\nSam himself could not be abolished, but evidently he was in dan-\\nger of being amalgamated with Vice-President Burleson or some\\nother unfortunate patriot.\\nBut this was only a dread foreboding never to be realized. The\\ngovernment could sacrifice no more the bottom had been\\nreached in retrenchment; henceforward all changes will be for\\nthe better.\\nIn concluding their suggestions, the committee indulged in\\nthese sage reflections It is a fact which none will now deny\\nthat our government commenced its operations in 1836 on a", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "150 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nscale entirely too magnificent and with a prodigal expenditure\\nmuch beyond the means of the nation and its irapoverished con-\\ndition. The evil was then seen and its effects predicted by\\nsome.\\nThere was endless trouble about the seat of government. There\\nwere numerous efforts in each house to enact a law to remove\\nthe capital back to Austin, and in some instances to blame the\\nPresident for a stretch of authority in first ordering the re-\\nmoval of the archives to Houston. The Constitution provided\\nthat the archives should remain at the seat of government unless\\nremoved by permission of Congress, or unless in cases of emer-\\ngency in time of war the public interest may require their re-\\nmoval. Houston s argument was that the emergency did exist\\nfor their first removal, as shown by the fact that for their secur-\\nity the archives were buried, and that the causes which first ex-\\nisted under the provisions of the Constitution for their removal\\nby the executive still exist with undiminished force, perhaps\\nreferring to the exposed condition of Austin on the frontier from\\nboth Indian and Mexican raids. On the other hand, there was\\na strong but unsuccessful effort to locate the seat of government\\npermanently at Washington.\\nAnd looking to that event, perhaps. President Houston or-\\ndered Captain Smith with twenty men to proceed, as if going\\non an Indian raid, to Austin and bring to Washington the\\narchives of the Land Office needed for the dispatch of business.\\nThe defeat of this executive attempt to complete the removal of\\nthe archives by sundry citizens of Austin added to the public\\nexcitement on the question. And much useless crimination and\\nrecrimination was indulged in between the President and the\\narchive committee. Finally a bill to return the archives to Aus-\\ntin passed both houses, but the President vetoed it on the ground\\nthat though now at peace with Mexico and the Indians, hostili-\\nties were liable to break out at any time, in which event Austin\\nmight be captured; that Washington was the constitutional seat\\nof government that the several acts of Congress fixing the seat\\nof government elsewhere were all unconstitutional. The ques-\\ntion went over to the Jones administration.\\nHouston s second administration was a stormy one. The\\nfinancial difficulties, the Mexican raids, the seat of government", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 151\\ncontention, the Regulators and Moderators in East Texas, and\\nthe Shelby County war all retarded the prosperity of the Re-\\npublic. Nor was the official intercourse between the executive\\nand legislative department of the government characterized by\\nthe usual spirit of urbanity in such cases.\\nThe archive committee in their report, which lacked one vote\\nof being adopted (signed by Tod Robinson and John Caldwell),\\ndealt the President some heavy blows in reply to one of his\\nmessages on the subject of the archives.\\nThe committee on Indian affairs, reporting through their\\nchairman, Gen. Thos. J. Green, rapped the executive for his\\nalleged slander of the Republic in his statement as to the treat-\\nment of the Indians by Texas.\\nAnd the committee on foreign affairs, composed of Levi Jones,\\nThos. J. Green, Wni. L. Cazneau, Sara A. Maverick, J. B. J.\\nJanuary, and L. S. Hagler, rebuked the President in severe\\nterms for withholding information (asked by resolution) as to\\nthe matters then pending with Mexico and the United States.\\nBut on Houston s retirement from office both houses of Con-\\ngress by resolution vindicated him from all the charges in circu-\\nlation against him, and commended his patriotic statesman-\\nship.\\nSo in the end Old Sam beat all his enemies and came out of\\nthe furnace unscathed.\\nThe greatest of his triumphs was that of finance. In the midst\\nof perplexities sufficient to unnerve a common statesman, Hous-\\nton guided the ship of state from the shoals of bankruptcy to\\nthe deep sea of a most healthy and prosperous financial condi-\\ntion. During his last year in office the expenditures had gotten\\nto be within the receipts. The total expenditures of his admin-\\nistration were but $511,000, including a bill of $.50,000 brought\\nover from Lamar s administration. The Postal Department in\\nits reduced condition was run on $29,000, while $253,970 was\\nexpended for mail facilities imder Lamar.\\nAs to his retrenchment policy, the President remarked in his\\nlast message Much hardship has been encountered and some-\\ntimes extreme perplexity endured by all the public officers from\\nthe fluctuations to which the currency has been subjected. But\\nthey have the satisfaction to know that although they have fre-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "152 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nquently received less than one-half the compensation assigned\\nthem by law for their services, they have materially assisted in\\nsustaining their countr}^ in the time of difficulty and need.\\nAs early as the summer of 1843 Houston s friends were look-\\ning around for a suitable man to succeed Old Sam as Presi-\\ndent.\\nHemphill and Henderson had each a strong following. A\\nmeeting at San Augustine nominated Lipscomb, and General\\nEusk was nominated by an enthusiastic convention at Nacog-\\ndoches. But Dr. Anson Jones, Secretary of State, seemed to\\nbe Houston s preference, and he finally got the field to him-\\nself under the implied pledge to carry out Houston s policies.\\nIn November, 1843, Dr. Jones received the nomination as Presi-\\ndent of the Eepublic from the citizens of Independence, and was\\nnotified of the same by Moses Park, J. M. Norris, and E. W.\\nTaylor, as committee of correspondence. A few days later he\\nreceived notice of his nomination at San Augustine from 0. M.\\nRoberts, W. Edwards, H. Griffith, S. H. Sweet, and A. Clark.\\nThat Anson Jones was Houston s choice for President also\\nappears from the La Grange Intelligencer of June 6, 1844, quot-\\ning from the Vindicator of May 25th these words Our all is\\nat stake. Our candidate will continue the policy of General\\nHouston in undiminished energ} Let us then toss to the winds\\nall personal considerations and private feelings and vote for the\\nman who can best subserve the interests of the country. That\\nman is Anson Jones.\\nAs put by the Intelligencer August 15, 1844: Burleson\\nAnnexation, Texas, and Liberty. Jones Anti-Annexation,\\nEngland, and Abolition.\\nMosely Baker thus advised Burleson as to annexation Let\\nyour whole heart and soul and energies be constantly engaged in\\nbringing about the annexation of Texas to the United States.\\nIntelligencer, August 4, 1844.\\n9 If any one is to be preferred by my friends in a contest for the\\npresidency, I am sure they will concentrate most readily upon the man\\nwho has sustained my administration by his exertions and capacity.\\nI can see no reason why my friends can not rally upon you, as\\nyou will most distinctly represent the principles which they advocate.\\nHouston to Jones, August, 1845, Jones Mem., p. 241.)", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 153\\nMeanwhile the opposition, or the anti-Houston party, had\\ncentered on Gen. Edward Burleson as their candidate for the\\npresidency. General Burleson himself, though representing the\\nopposition, was quite conservative in his views, approving part\\nof Houston s policies and disapproving others. His promise to\\nhave returned the archives to Austin in the event of his elec-\\ntion, however, made one square issue. But Jones weakened the\\neffect of this by saying that he would not oppose the will of the\\npeople on that or any other subject. No truer man ever lived\\nin Texas than General Burleson, and the worst thing said\\nagainst him outside of his opposing Houston s policies was that\\nhe lacked the proper education for the presidential chair. The\\ngeneral was more familiar with the use of his sword than of his\\npen and he had used that sword in the defense of Texas. And\\nthat was enough to condone for a multitude of faults other-\\nMdse.\\nBut annexation was the coming test question in our politics.\\nMeanwhile a strange piece of diplomacy was being acted in\\nTexas. Ex-Lieut.-Gov. James W. Eobinson, one of the Woll\\nprisoners taken at San Antonio, to effect his liberation from the\\nPerote fortress, entered into an agreement with Santa Anna\\nwhereby he was to carry the propositions of peace to the Texans.\\nFrom Eobinson s representations, Santa Anna was led to be-\\nlieve that the Texans would submit to Mexican rule condition-\\nally. At all events, in the spring of 1843, Robinson returned to\\nGalveston with Santa Anna s proposition. An outline was pub-\\nlished in the Galveston papers, but the official document itself\\nfrom the hand of Santa Anna was delivered by Robinson in per-\\nson to President Houston at Washington. The report of Robin-\\nson s arrival and the object of his mission excited considerable\\nsurprise, and when Santa Anna s scheme became fully developed\\nmen like Mosely Baker were indignant. It appeared that Santa\\nAnna offered a general amnesty to the Texans on these funda-\\nmental conditions That the Texans recognize the sovereignty\\nof Mexico, her laws, ordinances, and general orders. In return\\nfor this, Texas was to be allowed to make her o\\\\vn laws and\\nchoose her own officials, civil and military, and that no Mexican\\ntroops should be stationed in Texas.\\nAs a matter of good faith, jierhaps, to Santa Anna, Robinson", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "154 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nmade in the Galveston papers a plausible argument to show the\\nadvantage to Texas of a union with Mexico, cotton being insured\\nunder the Mexican tariff to bring 25 cents a pound.\\nBut Eobinson had to report the result of his mission, and did\\nnot know how to do it. President Houston relieved Eobinson of\\nhis embarrassment and dictated the report himself. It was one\\nof Houston s ablest state papers, and it accomplished the desired\\nobject. Santa Anna, not suspecting who was the real author,\\nwas utterly bewildered at the improved condition and prospects\\nof Texas as shown in the report. Houston affected to treat Santa\\nAnna s proposition with indifference. But not so. It really was\\nthe beginning of the end annexation. The President managed,\\nthrough the British Minister in Mexico, to have an armistice\\ndeclared between Mexico and Texas. Santa Anna thought he\\nsaw his opportunity in this for the reincorporation of Texas into\\nthe Mexican Confederacy, and assented to the suspension of\\narms with a view to a permanent peace. As agreed upon, the\\nTexas commissioners, George VV. Hockley and Samuel Williams,\\nmet the commissioners from Mexico at Sabinas, not far west of\\nthe Kio Grande, about the 1st of October, 1844. The object of\\nthe Texans appears to have been merely to gain time to work up\\nthe annexation feeling in the United States and Texas.\\nOf course, the protocol for peace with Mexico, in which our\\ncommissioners, Williams and Hockley, admitted that Texas was\\na department of Mexico, could not be allowed, and President\\nHouston rejected the document without ceremony as soon as\\npresented to him, in February, 1844.\\nTaking advantage of the growing jealousy of the United\\nStates as to Texas being forced into a foreign alliance for pro-\\ntection, Mr. Van Zandt, our Minister at Washington City, was\\npreparing a treaty of annexation in conjunction with Mr. Cal-\\nhoun, for submission to the United States Senate.\\nThe Texas question determined the presidential election in\\nthe great Eepublic. Mr. Van Buren opposed annexation, and\\nwas shelved by the presidential Warwick, General Jackson.\\nJames K. Polk, for his outspoken advocacy of annexation, got\\nthe indorsement of Jackson and the Democratic nomination for\\nPresident.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 155\\nThe Whigs ran Henry Clay as their candidate, on an anti-\\nannexation platform.\\nThe Democratic slogan in the United States was Polk, Dal-\\nlas, Oregon, and Texas; 54.40 or fight. Meanwhile Presi-\\ndent Houston had sent Minister J. P. Henderson to Washington\\nto reinforce Isaac Van Zandt in the preparation of the treaty.\\nHenderson went to Washington City with these instructions:\\nIf annexation is not effected at the present session of Congress,\\nor if a treaty should fail and the action of Congress be ineffec-\\ntual and they refuse to form an alliance with us, to call upon the\\nEnglish and French Ministers and ascertain the prospects of\\nthose governments giving us a guarantee against further moles-\\ntation from Mexico and an indefinite truce.\\nThe treaty, as perfected and signed by Henderson and Van\\nZandt on the part of Texas, and by John C. Calhoun for the\\nUnited States, was defeated June 14th in the United States\\nSenate by a vote of 35 to 16.^^ The contingency foreseen by\\nHouston had now arisen. Annexation having been defeated, it\\nbecame the duty of Messrs. Henderson and Van Zandt to present\\nthe case of Texas to the Ministers of England and of France,\\nto give us a guarantee against further molestation from Mex-\\nico. But President Tyler, though balked in his first plan, was\\nnot disposed to yield the point of annexation. The struggle\\nhenceforth of President Tyler to bring Texas into the Union\\nand the Ministers of England and of France to keep her out,\\nbecomes a matter of absorbing interest.\\nAfter the rejection of the treaty in the United States Senate,\\nHouston s policy seems to have been one of masterly inactivity\\nas to annexation. That is to say, he would do nothing more on\\nthat line unless the United States made overtures. And who\\nwill now say that he was not right in that? This policy natur-\\nIn allusion to the United States claim to Oregon as far north as\\n54\u00c2\u00b0 40 and in default of gettinj? that, to fight England.\\n*i The treaty provided for the annexation of Texas as a territory to\\nbe governed as other territories of the Union till admitted as a State,\\nand that our public lands, arsenals, and ships should be surrendered to\\nthe United States, in return for which that government was to pay the\\npublic debt at least to the extent of $10,000,000. The defeat of the\\ntreaty turned out in the end to be a good thing for Texas.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "156 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nally caused some rabid annexationists to doubt his friendship to\\nannexation, but that did not swerve him from his course. W. B.\\nOchiltree in his letter to Jones, April 13, 1845, expresses the\\ngeneral opinion The position of General Houston seems to\\nbe a matter of deep canvass between the parties; both claim\\nhim all acknowledge the weight of his influence in either scale.\\n(J. M., p. 450.)\\nDemocratic principles triumphed in the United States in the\\nelection of Polk as President, though by a narrow margin of the\\npopular vote. Clay s letter in answer to certain inquiries, in\\nwhich he said that personally he had no objection to the an-\\nnexation of Texas, probably caused his defeat, as the abolition-\\nists dropped the sage of Ashland and supported Birney.\\nJones was elected President over General Burleson by about\\n1500 Yotes.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCICS MEMOIRS. 157\\nCHAPTEE NINE.\\nAnson Jones President His Policy Outlined in His Inaugural Address\\nDiscussion of Annexation Between Mr. Donelson and Secretary\\nAllen The Seat of Government Trouble Again Houston on An-\\nnexation My Letter to President Jones Mexico Conditionally\\nAcknowledges Independence of Texas Various Annexation Meet-\\nings Convention of 1845 The Republic in Danger President\\nJones Vindicates Himself Annexation Consummated The Closing\\nScene and the President s Farewell Address.\\nDr. Anson Jones assumed the duties of the presidency at\\nWashington, December 4, 1844, under the most favorable aus-\\npices. The finances were all right, as the exchequers were at par\\nwith gold and silver, and the assurances of peace and tranquillity\\nwere becoming stronger every day. Texas was free from the\\nsteps of the invader.\\nAfter some compliments in his inaugural to his predecessor,\\nand a rose-colored view of the situation. President Jones out-\\nlined his forthcoming policy as sententiously as Thomas Jeffer-\\nson, thus A rigid and impartial execution of the laws a strict\\naccountability in all the offices of the government; the main-\\ntenance of the public credit a reduction of the expenses of ad-\\nministration the entire abolishment of paper money issues by\\nthe government the introduction of an exclusively hard money\\ncurrency; a tariff sufficient to provide for the current expenses\\nof the government, and leaving a small surplus in the treasury,\\nwith incidental protection and encouragement to our agricul-\\ntural and manufacturing interests; the establishment of a sys-\\ntem of common schools; the attainment of a speedy peace with\\nMexico a desirable immigration to the country, and the intro-\\nduction of capital to develop its vast resources friendly and just\\nrelations with our red brethren the introduction of the peniten-\\ntiary system settlement of land titles encouragement of inter-\\nnal improvements, and extension of commercial relations with\\nforeign countries.\\nPresident Jones, as it seemed, had studiously avoided in his\\naddress any allusion to the subject of annexation.\\nOn the next day, however, the indefatigable charge d affaires", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "158 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nof the United States, Mr. A. J. Donelson, who had heen on the\\nground some time, opened with Ebenezer Allen, Attorney-Gen-\\neral and Acting Secretary of State, a correspondence on that im-\\nportant question.\\nMr. Donelson first alluded to the papers placed before the\\nTexan government on the 6th instant, and which related to the\\ntreaty of annexation and the correspondence thereon between\\nthe United States Minister in Mexico and the Mexican govern-\\nment, and acknowledged the receipt of the note of President\\nJones expressing the satisfaction felt by this government at the\\ncourse pursued by the President of the United States.\\nThen Mr. Allen is informed that the executive government\\nof the United States reasonably concludes and confidently ex-\\npects that Texas herself will maintain her connection with the\\ncause of annexation so far at least as not to consider it lost or\\nabandoned on account of the late action of the Senate of the\\nUnited States upon it, and that it may be safely assumed\\nthat annexation is destined to a speedy consummation so far as\\nthe action of the United States can accomplish it. And fur-\\nther, without the co-operation and sanction of the government\\nand people of Texas, the measure can not be consummated.\\nThe rejection of the treaty by the Senate of the\\nUnited States was calculated to create the belief here that the\\nmeasure had been lost, and it was natural that this government,\\nacting for the best interests of the Republic, should be looking\\nto the alternative measures called for, by the al)andonment of all\\nhope of its incorporation into the American Union. To correct\\nthis erroneous inference, the undersigned has been authorized to\\nallude to the failure of the treaty as affording no evidence of the\\nabandonment of the measure by the government of the United\\nStates, and to the public sentiment as developed by the canvass\\nfor the presidency, as justifying the confident belief already ex-\\npressed, that if the measure is to be defeated, it will be for the\\nwant of the necessary support from Texas herself.\\nMr. Allen, answering, said among other things The under-\\nsigned is directed by the President to assure Mr. Donelson, in\\nreply, that the existing relations between the United States and\\nTexas, so far as the subject of annexation is concerned, will not", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 159\\nbe affected by any opposing or unfavorable action on the part of\\nthe executive of the latter.\\nThis was sufficiently explicit for President Jones, but Mr.\\nAllen, under his direction, went on to say in substance that the\\nannexation sentiment of Texas, weakened by the rejection of\\nthe late treaty by the United States Senate, may have changed\\ninto a general or insurmountable opposition to the measure.\\nThis was well enough said at the time, as the friends of an-\\nnexation had undoubtedly weakened in their support of the\\nmeasure.\\nThe seat of government trouble inherited from Houston, con-\\ntinued to annoy Jones. A bill to remove the archives back to\\nAustin passed both houses after considerable discussion and\\nwrangling. It was checkmated by an executive veto; not for\\nHouston s reason, however, that Washington was the constitu-\\ntional seat of government, but on the ground of an existing\\nemergency. But these reasons not being satisfactory to the pub-\\nlic, executive vetoes did not quiet the matter. On the recom-\\nmendation of the President, Congress made a law providing for\\nthe settlement of this vexed question by a popular vote in the\\nyear 1847, and the sum of $5000 was appropriated to effect\\nthe return of the archives to Austin in the meantime, where they\\nwould remain till the seat of government was determined at\\nthe ballot box.\\nThis law dropped out of view, and was not enforced on a^J-\\ncount of the all-absorbing question of annexation.\\nOn the last day of March, 1845, Mr. Donelson laid before the\\nTexan government the annexation resolutions passed by the\\nUnited States Congress just before the end of President Tyler s\\nterm of office, with these remarks If Texas now accepts these\\nproposals, from that moment she becomes virtually a State of\\nthe Union, because the faith of the United States will be\\npledged for her admission, and the act of Congress necessary to\\nredeem the pledge is obliged to follow as soon as she presents a\\nrepublican form of government. All then that is necessary upon\\nthis basis is for this government, after expressing its assent to\\nthe proposals submitted to it, to call a convention of the people\\nto clothe their deputies with the power necessary to amend their\\nConstitution and adapt the government created by it to the new", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "160 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ncircumstances under which it will be placed by annexation to\\nthe Union. This great question, then, is in the hands\\nof Texas.\\nWith these observations, the question is now submitted to\\nthe Hon. Mr. Allen, under the confident hope that this govern-\\nment will see the necessity of prompt and decisive action where-\\nby the measure may obtain the constitutional sanction of\\nTexas.\\nPresident Jones was, under the advice of Mr. Donelson, about\\nto test the annexation feeling of Texas under sections 1 and 2 of\\nthe resolution as it passed the United States Congress. Under\\nthem, the terms were dictated and the conditions absolute;\\nand Texas could say only Yes or No. The third section,\\nan amendment to the original resolutions, empowered the Presi-\\ndent of the United States to arrange terms with Texas.\\nGeneral Houston, preferring action under the third section\\nof the resolutions, wrote under date of April 9, 1845, to Mr.\\nDonelson\\nNow, my dear friend, for the sake of human liberty, for\\nthe sake of the future tranquillity of the United States, and for\\nthe prosperity of Texas, whose interests, prosperity, and happi-\\nness are near to my heart and cherished by me above every po-\\nlitical consideration, I conjure you to use your influence in\\nhaving presented to this government the alternative suggested\\nby the amendment to Mr. Brown s bill, so that commissioners\\ncan act in conjunction upon the points which it may be proper\\nto arrange between the two countries before is it too late, and\\nwhile there is a remedy, that Texas may exercise some\\nchoice as to the conditions of her entry into the Union.\\nI would suggest that Texas, if admitted into the Union,\\nshould enjoy full equality and community with the other States\\nof the confederacy; that the United States should receive and\\npay Texas a liberal price for the public property which has been\\nacquired for national purposes.\\nThat Texas should retain her public lands, and if the United\\nStates shall hereafter vary her boundary or limits as at present\\ndefined by contracting or reducing them, that in that case they\\nshould indemnify the citizens of Texas by payment for any\\nlands which they may hold by locations under the laws of Texas", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 161\\nin the territory abandoned by the United States, at the mini-\\nmum price of tlie government lands at this time in the United\\nStates.\\nThat the government of the United States may at any time\\npurchase the vacant lands of Texas at a price to be stipulated by\\nthe commissioners; and in the event of their purchasing our\\nlands, that they should not (without the consent of the State\\nof Texas) sell to or permit to settle within the present limits of\\nTexas any nation, people, or tribe of Indians.\\nThat Texas should pay the national debt.\\nThat the United States should remunerate the citizens of\\nTexas whose lands fell within the United States in running the\\nboundary lines, in the same manner and with the same liberality\\nthat Texas did those of the United States, or that they (the\\nUnited States) pay them for their lands which had been located\\non valid titles, issued by the government of Mexico, and at a\\ntime when it was believed the limits of Texas would embrace the\\nlocations previous to running the line.\\nAnd I would recommend that an article be inserted in the\\nagreement, stipulating expressly that Texas should not form a\\npart of the Union until her Constitution is accepted by the Con-\\ngress of the United States.\\nI have not even glanced at the general policy of the measure\\nof annexation, but have given my views as to the mode of its\\nexecution and what appears to me necessary to be done by the\\nparties. I must confess that I am not free from embarrassment\\non the subject. I have felt so deeply for my venerated and\\nhighly valued friend, the Sage of the Hermitage, that nothing\\nbut a most sacred regard for my adopted country could have in-\\nduced me again to thus express my opinions on this subject. The\\nfeelings of General Jackson are so much absorbed in the subject\\nof annexation, arising from his views of the importance of tlie\\nmeasure to the United States, that he has very naturally not\\nbeen fully able to regard Texas as forming a separate commu-\\nnity, and with interests not entirely identical with those of that\\ngovernment. Nevertheless, T know and feel that General Jack-\\nson believes that Texas, annexed on any terms, would be equally\\nbenefited with the United States, and thereby perpetuate free\\ninstitutions and extend the sphere of representative government.\\n11", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "162 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nAnnexation would be certainly beneficial to the United States.\\nOn the part of Texas, it is an experiment, which, I pray God, if\\nit takes place, may result in enduring happiness and prosperity\\nto a united community.\\nIt is needless to say, perhaps, that these statesmanlike views\\nas to the proper policy of Texas on the matter of annexation\\nwere not heeded by the Jones administration, and that annexa-\\ntion was finally consummated as advised by Mr. Donelson un-\\nder the instructions of the President of the United States. In-\\ndeed, it is not certain that, in view of all the embarrassing cir-\\ncumstances, Houston s prudent policy was practicable at the\\ntime.\\nPresident Jones was being suspected of want of fidelity to the\\ncause of annexation. I thought proper to address him as fol-\\nlows:\\nHouston, April 9, 1845.\\nTo His Excellency Anson Jones:\\nMy Dear Sir Claiming to be a friend of yours, not of yes-\\nterday, but since the year 1836, I take the liberty of. stating to\\nyou that from my observation, which has been very considerable\\nof late, I find that a very, very large majority of your friends\\nand the people of our county are in favor of annexation as pro-\\nposed by the United States that many of your former friends\\nand opponents are now abusing you for delaying the important\\nquestion and asserting openly that you are opposed and doing all\\nin your power to defeat it. These assertions T have denied, it is\\ntrue without authority, but from my- own conviction that you\\nwere in favor of the measure. I trust, my dear sir, that you\\nwill see it as I do, and a large majority of your fellow citizens\\nand friends, and that you will lend your influence and aid in\\nbringing about a measure that will redound to the prosperity\\nof yoiir country and entitle you to the merit and praise of hav-\\ning consTimmatcd one of the greatest political achievements on\\nrecord, and instead of receiving the thanks of 150,000 people,\\nthat of 18,000,000.\\nYou may think me crazy in thus boldly approaching you on\\nso important a measure; but, my dear sir, I claim to be your", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 163\\nfriend and well wisher, consequently trust 3 ou will give my let-\\nter such consideration as a friend deserves. I am, yours re-\\nspectfully, F. R. Lubbock/\\nIndorsed by Jones thus This letter is from a true and\\nworthy friend who believes correctly. But it shows a strange\\nphenomenon in politics. I have now been laboring incessantly\\nmore than four years to open the doors of annexation, and have\\nat last succeeded while others slept. Now noisy demagogues\\nmake the public believe tlieij are the friends of the measure, God\\nsave the mark I and I (its chief author) its opposer and enemy.\\nA. J. (Jones Memoirs and Official Correspondence, pp.\\n445-6.)\\nAs further evidence of the excitement about annexation, these\\nextracts are given from a letter of April 9, 1845, to President\\nJones by Dr. Ashbel tSmith, just leaving Galveston as Minister\\nto England and France\\nI find everywhere very great, very intense, feeling on this\\nsubject. I quieted it as much as possible by stating that you\\nwould at no very distant period present this matter for the con-\\nsideration and action of the people. I am forced to believe that\\nan immense majority of the citizens are in favor of annexation,\\nthat is, of annexation as presented in the resolution of the\\nAmerican Congress, and that they will continue to be so in\\npreference to independence, though recognized in the most lib-\\neral manner by Mexico. He goes on to say that should the\\npeople lose confidence in his favorable disposition towards an-\\nnexation, they would assemble a convention by calling on the\\npeople in public meeting for the purpose of overriding the gov-\\nernment in other words, an attempt will be made to plunge the\\ncountry into a revolution. The plan has been matured in Har-\\nris, Brazoria, and Galveston counties.\\nDr. Smith was seen in company with Messrs. Elliott and De\\nSaligny, British and French Ministers respectively, and this\\naroused suspicion that Texas was about to be turned over to some\\nEuropean power.\\nContinuing, the letter says When it is known that I am go-\\ning to Europe I feel convinced that public opinion", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "164 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwill be inflamed beyond control. I have understated rather than\\noverstated the feeling on this subject. 1 am sure its\\ntendency will he to prevent the dispassionate consideration by\\nthe people of the grave matters about to be submitted to them;\\nand I am really apprehensive that an attempt may be made to\\nsubvert our institutions.\\nOn March 29, 1845, Dr. Ashbel Smith, Secretary of State,\\nnegotiated with Charles Elliott, charge for Great Britain, and\\nDe Saligny, charge for France, a protocol for this treaty\\nwith Mexico acknowledging the independence of Texas. Its\\nfour essential points were\\nFirst Mexico agrees to acknowledge the independence of\\nTexas.\\nSecond Texas agrees that she will stipulate in the treaty not\\nto annex herself or become subject to any country whatever.\\nThird Limits and other conditions to be matter of arrange-\\nment in the final treaty.\\nFourth Texas will be willing to remit disputed points re-\\nspecting territory and other matters to the arbitration of um-\\npires.\\nThe treaty with its entire conditions was promptly ratified by\\nthe Mexican Congress.\\nTexas was to act later. The choice then before the people was,\\nindependence and peace with Mexico, or annexation to the\\nUnited States, with chances of continued war with Mexico.\\nEngland and France stood in the character of interveners, and\\nproposed to guaranty the observance of the treaty, if duly rati-\\nfied by both parties. We chose, and I think wisely, as Americans\\nto go back to our father s house with an empire redeemed from\\nbarbarism rather than be controlled by European governments\\nunder the appearance of an independent existence.\\nIn public estimation Washington on the Brazos did not re-\\nspond with sufficient promptness to the overtures of Washing-\\nton on the Potomac that is to say, annexation did not move up\\nfast enough in Texas. And while President Jones and Mr.\\nDonelson were wrestling with this great measure in a diplomatic\\nway, annexation meetings were held throughout the Eepublic to\\nexpress the popular will on the subject.\\nThe annexation meeting at Houston was held in the Presby-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 165\\nterian church, April 21, 1845, the ninth anniversary of the battle\\nof San Jacinto. Hon. M. P. Norton was chairman, and George\\nBringhurst and A. M. Gentry were the secretaries.\\nThe question of annexation was left open to discussion by both\\nthe friends and opponents of the measure.\\nThe committee on resolutions was composed of the following\\ngentlemen J. W. Henderson, Francis Moore, Jr., W. Mc-\\nCraven, J. Bailey, A. Wynns, I. W. Brashear, T. B. J. Hadley,\\nT. M .Bagby, Wm. M. Rice, C. McAnally, M. T. Eodgers, M. K.\\nSnell, H. Baldwin, S. S. Tompkins, John H. Brown, and my-\\nself.\\nAmong other things, we resolved That we willingly assent\\nto the joint resolution for the annexation of Texas to the United\\nStates adopted by the American Congress and selected by the\\nPresident of the United States as the basis upon which this great\\nmeasure is to be consummated; and in signifying our willing-\\nness to enter the American Union, we would also testify our full\\nconfidence in the honor and justice of the American people. We\\nbelieve they will ultimately extend to us every privilege that\\nfreemen can grant without dishonor and freemen accept with-\\nout disgrace.\\nThe meeting then adjourned to meet at the courthouse at 7\\np. m.\\nThe night meeting was addressed by quite a number of speak-\\ners. Colonel Megginson, Col. A. S. Thruston, and Judge Thomp-\\nson opposing the resolutions, and Timothy Pilsbury, W. B.\\nOchiltree, and F. R. Lubbock advocating them.\\nThe Morning Star had this to say Mr. Henderson confined\\nhis arguments mainly to the cost of the State government as\\ncompared to the present government. His remarks were very\\nappropriate, and he closed amid the warm plaudits of his hear-\\ners. The speech of S. S. Tompkins was remarkably eloquent and\\nwas received with great applause. The speech of Mr. Lubbock\\nwas also highly commended by the audience. The opponents of\\nthe measure, although eloquent and able, appeared to great dis-\\nadvantage. The cause they advocated, although elevated by their\\ntalents, seemed to degrade them below their true rank as ora-\\ntors.\\nThere was a rousing annexation meeting held at Shelbyville,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "166 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nand Messrs. 0. M. Roberts, Isaac Van Zandt, David S. Kauf-\\nman, and J. Pinckney Henderson all made elaborate and strong\\nspeeches in advocacy of annexation. The committee on resolu-\\ntions had on it such men as David S. Kaufman, M. T. Johnson,\\nand Emory Raines. The court in session at Shelbyville had\\ncalled together this array of distinguished men, who hastened to\\nput themselves on record for annexation.\\nAmong the resolutions presented by Mr. Kaufman and unani-\\nmously adopted were these:\\nThat we have the utmost confidence in the President of\\nTexas, Anson Jones, as evinced by our independent suffrages;\\nand we will not believe for a moment that he would attempt to\\nblast or defer the hopes of a confiding people or the realization\\nof their long wished for anticipations; and that one national\\ngovernment is enough to protect all Americans, whether native\\nor naturalized.\\nCopies of the resolutions were ordered sent to Andrew Jack-\\nson, the benefactor of the human race, to ex-President John\\nTyler, to Gen. Sam Houston, to Presidents Polk and Jones, and\\nto all friendly newspapers for publication.\\nHon. Ebenezer Allen, Acting Secretary of State, suspected of\\nopposing annexation and called on for his real views at the Bren-\\nham meeting, in April, declared himself unequivocally in favor\\nof the measure.\\nCollin McKinney presided over the Bowie County annexation\\nmeeting, and Dr. John S. Peters acted as the secretary. General\\nRusk explained the object of the meeting, and when the annexa-\\ntion resolutions were presented, supported them by a powerful\\nand convincing speech. They were adopted nem. con. Among\\nthe prominent men on the committee on resolutions were Gen.\\nE. H. Tarrant, Wm. C. Young, Esq., Judge James N. Smith,\\nWilliam S. Todd, Esq., C. R. Johns, and S. H. Morgan.\\nSabine County appeared solid for annexation. In their meet-\\ning on March 31st, Rev. Littleton Fowler acted as chairman,\\nand according to the Morning Star addressed the meeting most\\neloquently in favor of the resolutions, as also did W. C. Duf-\\nfield, Hon. David S. Kaufman, Col. B. Burke, and Judge Go-\\nlightly. There was no opposition.\\nOn April 14, 1845, came off the Brazoria annexation meeting,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 167\\niu which James W. Copes, John Adriance, James Burke, and\\nGuy M. Bryan acted as secretaries, and Timothy Pilsbury as\\nchairman. On invitation Hon. Tod Robinson addressed the meet-\\ning, eloquently advocating annexation. On motion of James F.\\nPerry the following were appointed a committee on resolu-\\ntions Henry Smith, W. T. Austin, John G. McNeil, John B.\\nNorris, W. B. Aldridge, R. M. Forbes, M. L. Smith, C. R. Pat-\\nton, J. C. Wilson, L. H. McNeil, W. J. Kyle, P. W. Gautier, R.\\nMills, Thos. Blackwell, R. J. Calder, W. J. Russell, J. H. Polly,\\nAbner Jackson, Peter McGreal, E. Purcell, J. W. Brooks, R. J.\\nTownes, W. M. Brown, King Holstein, W. D. C. Hall, Joel\\nSpencer, Joel Bryan, and W. W. Williams. Besides this, there\\nwas a committee of correspondence, headed by E. M. Pease and\\nR. J. Townes, and another committee of a dozen or more to pre-\\npare an Address to the People. The resolutions may be char-\\nacterized as redhot for annexation, with or without the consent\\nof the Jones administration.\\nGuy M. Bryan carried a copy of the proceedings to Col. James\\nLove at Galveston, and the meeting there a few days later\\nstrongly indorsed annexation.\\nIn the annexation meeting at Columbus Williamson Daniels,\\nEsq., was called to the chair, and George W. Gardner was ap-\\npointed secretary. They adopted vigorous annexation resolu-\\ntions, which were presented by E. W. Perry, George W. Brown,\\nWilliam Mennifee, Asa Townsend, W. B. Lewis, and others.\\nThe meeting at old Nacogdoches was a strong one. On motion\\nof James H. Durst, Judge William Hart was called to the chair\\nand Adolphus Sterne appointed secretary. The committee on\\nresolutions were T. J. Jennings. C. S. Taylor, Haden Edwards,\\nJames Gaines, Bennet Blake, David Muckleroy, J. H. Durst,\\nand others. Able speeches in behalf of the annexation resolu-\\ntions were made by Colonel Jennings, Judge Taylor, Judge\\nWingfield, iLijor Gaines, and Col. Haden Edwards. There were\\nbut three votes against annexation.\\nThe Harrison County meeting was held at Marshall. On mo-\\ntion of Hon. William T. Scott, Charles H. Cooper was called to\\nthe chair and Ed. Clark and M. J. Hall appointed secretaries.\\nHon. Isaac Van Zandt presented the resolutions, the first of\\nwhich read thus: Be it resolved. That the reannexation of", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "168 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nTexas to the United States upon the basis proposed in the joint\\nresolutions of the United States Congress meets our hearty ap-\\nprobation. Speeches were made by William C. Hill, Isaac Van\\nZandt, Colonel Bland, and S. E. Campbell favoring annexation,\\nand by Col. A. B. Means and George Lane in opposition thereto.\\nAnnexation carried overwhelmingly.\\nThe Fort Bend meeting had more than usual significance,\\nfrom the participation in it of so many of the Old Pilgrims of\\nAustin s colony. James B. Miller was the chairman and M. M.\\nBattle the secretary, E. C. Campbell explained the object of the\\nmeeting, and he, with F. M. Gibson and Dr. J. H. Barnard, pre-\\nsented the resolutions. They resolved That, like the prodigal\\nwho had sojourned long in foreign lands, we will return with\\npleasure to our father s house, and then went on to advocate\\nthe acceptance of the annexation resolution of the United States\\nCongress.\\nThe Bastrop meeting declared unanimously for annexation.\\nThe principal participants were Col. J. W. Dancy, Senator Cald-\\nwell, Gen. Ed. Burleson (chairman), John W. Bunton, and\\nothers.\\nThe Montgomery meeting was addressed in able speeches for\\nannexation by C. B. Stewart, N. H. Davis, and John M. Lewis.\\nThe leading men favoring annexation in the Jefferson County\\nmeeting were F. W. Ogden, J. W. Baldridge, Alex. Colden, Wm.\\nF. Herring, and Isaiah Junker.\\nAnd so the prominent men nearly everywhere declared for\\nannexation.\\nOne anti-annexation meeting was held at Houston. The State\\nSenator of the district, William Lawrence, a strong anti, was\\nto deliver the address. He had, however, steamed up too high\\nfor the occasion, and though an admirable speaker, upon taking\\nthe platform he gazed vacantly at the crowd, and in a moment\\nmore measured his full length upon the floor. Dr. Francis\\nMoore, the chairman, who was an ardent annexationist and a\\nvery ready man, pointed with his one, arm to the prostrate man,\\nand said most emphatically, in a loud tone Gentlemen, Colonel\\nLawrence has the floor. This settled the question, and the gath-\\nering, with much merriment, left the hall.\\nSoon all opposition to the American sentiment died out. Poll-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "LUBBOC-K S MEMOIRS. 169\\nticians could no longer delay the mighty popular movement to\\nget back into our father s house.\\nIn May, 1845, closely following the terms of the annexation\\nresolution as expounded by Mr. Donelson, President Jones, to\\nget the consent of the existing government, called an extraor-\\ndinary session of Congress to meet at the capital on the 16th of\\nJune.\\nIn his message to the Congress assembled, the President said:\\nThe executive has now the pleasure to transmit to the honor-\\nable Congress for such action as they may deem suitable the\\npropositions which have been made on the part of the United\\nStates government for the annexation of Texas and its incor-\\nporation as a State into that great and kindred confederacy,\\ntogether with the correspondence between the two governments\\nwhich has arisen out of the same. The executive has\\nmuch satisfaction in observing what no doubt will forcibly ar-\\nrest the attention of the Congress, that although the terms em-\\nbraced in the resolutions of the United States Congress may at\\nfirst have appeared less favorable than was desirable for Texas,\\nthat the very liberal and magnanimous views entertained by the\\nPresident of the United States towards Texas, and the promises\\nmade through the representative of that country in regard to the\\nfuture advantages to be extended to her, if she consents to the\\nproposed union, render those terms much more acceptable than\\nthey would otherwise have been.\\nThe state of public opinion and the great anxiety of the peo-\\nple to act definitely upon the subject of annexation by a conven-\\ntion of delegates induced the executive to issue his proclamation\\non the 5th of May, ultimo, recommending an election through-\\nout the Eepublic, and for the convention^- to meet at the city of\\nAustin on the 4th of July next.\\nThe executive has the pleasure, in addition to presenting to\\nCongress the propositions concerning annexation, to inform\\nthem that certain conditions preliminary to a treaty of peace,\\nupon the basis of a recognition of the independence of Texas by\\nCaptain Elliott, the British chargf^, well knew the temper of the\\nTexans as to annexation; and after beino; informed of the calling of the\\nConvention, he is reported to have said, The hunt is up. I will now\\nretire and await orders from her majesty s government.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "170 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nMexico, were signed on the part of the latter at the City of\\nMexico on the 19th of May last, and were transmitted to this\\ngovernment on the 2d instant by the Baron Alley de Cyprey,\\nminister plenipotentiary of his majesty the king of the French,\\nat that court, by the hands of Captain Elliott, H. B. M. s charge\\nd affaires near this government. These preliminaries\\nbeing in the nature of a treaty, will, with all the correspond-\\nence in relation thereto, be forthwith communicated to the hon-\\norable Senate for its constitutional advice and such action as in\\nits wisdom the same shall seem to require.\\nThe alternative of annexation or independence will thus be\\nplaced before the people of Texas, and their free, sovereign, and\\nunbiased voice will determine the all-important issue, and so far\\nas it shall depend upon the executive to act, he will give imme-\\ndiate and full effect to the expression of their will.\\nThe President could not well close without saying some things\\ncreditable to his administration, thus Texas is at peace with\\nthe world. The receipts into the treasury have been\\nsufficient to meet the various expenditures of the government.\\nA specie currency has been maintained without difficulty, and\\nnearly all the exchequer bills which were in circulation at the\\nperiod of your late adjournment have been redeemed and with-\\ndrawn from, circulation, and the executive is happy to con-\\ngratulate the country upon a state of peace, happiness, and pros-\\nperity never before experienced in Texas, and rarely if ever\\nequaled by so young a nation.\\nCongress promptly gave the consent of the existing govern-\\nment to annexation, and adjourned on the 28th of June.\\nThe only sectional strife in Texas was between the east and\\nthe west. The east had the wealth and the population, and con-\\nsequently, the bulk of the taxes to pay while the west was com-\\nparatively thinly settled and periodically plundered by the Mexi-\\ncans and Indians. On the other hand, the basis of representa-\\ntion was unequal, giving the west an undue share of political\\npower.\\nPresident Jones, writing to Hamilton Stuart, November 25,\\n1847, said The question of a basis of representation carried\\nwith it the question of the seat of government, a question which\\nat one time came very near dissolving the government itself.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 171\\nThe east, north, and middle were willing to let Austin remain\\nthe seat of government if the apportionment of representation\\ncould be made equal. I determined upon calling the\\nconvention myself. I fixed an equitable basis of representation.\\nA few days after the adjournment of Congress the con-\\nvention met at Austin, confirmed that place as the seat of gov-\\nernment of the State; and the Constitution which they framed\\nperpetuated the basis of representation which I established.\\nThe convention met at Austin as called, on the 4th of July,\\nthe natal day of American independence. Its object was to de-\\ntermine the preference of Texas, whether for independence and\\npeace with Mexico or for annexation to the United States. But\\nthe people had already spoken, and the convention only had to\\nregister their will.\\nOn motion of Hiram G. Runnels, Thomas J. Rusk was nomi-\\nnated for president of the convention and unanimously elected.\\nW. F. Weeks acted as the reporter of the proceedings.\\nThis body made a notable gathering of the worthies of Texas.\\nSam Houston was conspicuous by his absence. He was a dele-\\ngate-elect from Montgomery, but absent on a visit to General\\nJackson. C. B. Stewart was allowed to take his seat.\\nOf the delegates there then famous, or who became so after-\\nwards, I call to mind Hiram G. Runnels and Robert M. Forbes,\\nof Brazoria John Caldwell, of Bastrop Jose Antonio iSTavarro,\\nthe Mexican statesman from Bexar; Lemuel Dale Evans, of\\nFannin J. B. Miller, of Fort Bend R. E. B. Baylor and James\\nS. Mayfield, of Fayette; Richard Bache and James Love, of Gal-\\nveston W. L. Hunter, of Goliad Francis Moore, Jr., J. W. Bra-\\nshear, and A. McGowan, of Harris; Isaac Van Zandt and Ed.\\nClark, of Harrison; F. M. White, of Jackson; George T. Wood,\\nof Liberty; A. C. Horton, of Matagorda; Thomas J. Rusk and\\nJoseph L. Hogg, of Nacogdoches; W. C. Young, of Red River;\\nJ. Pinckney Henderson and jNT. H. Darnell, of San Augustine;\\nEmory Raines, of Shelby; William Cazneau, of Travis, and\\nAbner S. Lipscomb and John Hemphill, of Washington.\\nThe president-elect being conducted to the chair, addressed\\nthe convention, saying among other things The object for\\nwhich we have assembled deeply interests the people of Texas.\\nWe have the hopes of our present population, as well as the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "172 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nmillions who may come after us, in our hands; the eyes of the\\ncivilized world are upon us; we present this day a bright spec-\\ntacle to all lovers of freedom and republican government. The\\nhistory of the world may be searched in vain for a parallel to the\\npresent instance of two governments amalgamating themselves\\ninto one from a pure devotion to that great principle that man,\\nby enlightening his intellect and cultivating those moral senti-\\nments with which his God has impressed him, is capable of self-\\ngovernment.\\nThe terms of annexation are alike honorable to the United\\nStates and to Texas, and as a Texian, acting for myself and my\\nposterity, I would not, were it practicable, without in the slight-\\nest degree endangering the great question involved, seek to alter\\nthe terms proposed to us by the government of the United States.\\nTexas, animated by the same spirit and following the bright\\nexample of the fathers of the American revolution, has acquired\\nat the cost of blood her freedom and independence from those\\nwho would have enslaved her people. She now, with a unanim-\\nity unparalleled, enters that great confederacy to whose keep-\\ning the bright jewel of human liberty is confided, content to bear\\nthe burdens and share the benefits which republican government\\ncarries in her train. Our duties, although important, are plain\\nand easy of performance. The formation of a State Constitu-\\ntion upon republican principles is the only act to be performed\\nto incorporate us into the American Union. While we insert\\nthose great principles which have been sanctioned by time and\\nexperience, we should be careful to avoid the introduction of\\nnew and untried theories. We should leave those who follow us\\nfree to adopt such amendments to the system as their experience\\nand intelligence shall suggest and their circumstances render\\nnecessary.\\nMr. James H. Eaymond was elected secretary of the conven-\\ntion over Joseph Waples.\\nThe president informed the convention that he had a com-\\nmunication from the President of the Republic of Texas. It\\ncomprised the various official documents on annexation, the\\nreading of which was dispensed with except the joint resolution\\nof annexation.\\nThe president appointed a committee of fifteen to report on an", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 173\\nordinance expressing the assent of the convention to the annexa-\\ntion resolution. The names of the committee were as follows:\\nLipscomb, Moore, Caldwell, Evarts, Love, Van Zandt, Hender-\\nson, Cazneau, Evans, Eunnels, Hemphill, Lewis, Baylor, Davis,\\nand Smyth.\\nThe committee reported the same day. (See report in Ap-\\npendix.) After the preamble and joint resolution of the United\\nStates Congress came the assent in these words Now, in order\\nto manifest the assent of the people of this Eepublic as required\\nin the above recited portions of said resolution, we, the deputies\\nof the people of Texas, in convention assembled, in their name\\nand by their authority, do ordain and declare, that we assent to\\nand accept the proposal, corditions, and guarantees contained in\\nthe first and second sections of the resolution of the Congress of\\nthe United States aforesaid.\\nThere were 55 votes cast for the ordinance and 1 against it,\\ncast by Kichard Bache, grandson of Benjamin Franklin. E. H.\\nTarrant, Volney E. Howard, W. B. Ochiltree, Oliver Jones, B.\\nC. Bagby, and Charles B. Stewart did not vote on the question.\\nTherefore it may be said that the ratification vote of the con-\\nvention lacked seven of being unanimous.\\nPresident Eusk at once sent a certified copy of the ordinance\\npassed to the United States charge, Mr. Donelson, who, in\\nacknowledgment, said: This ordinance shall be immediately\\nforwarded by a special messenger to the President of the United\\nStates, who will receive it with the gratification its dignity and\\nimportance are so well calculated to produce in every patriotic\\nheart. Texas has manifested to the world with a unanimity\\nunparalleled, in the disposition of a debated political question,\\nher preference of an association with the republican States com-\\nposing the Federal Union, over all the advantages, real or imag-\\ninary, that were held out to her as a separate nation.\\nWith a discrimination quickened by her contact with foreign\\ninfluences, she has learned in her battlefields and in her civil\\nexperience the necessity of union among the votaries of freedom;\\nand in voluntarily agreeing to take her place hereafter as a\\nsovereign member of the American confederacy, she has paid a\\ntribute to the cause of popular government which will command\\nthe admiration of the world.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "174 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nFrom the date of this ordinance Texas will have acquired\\na right to the protection of the United States, and the under-\\nsigned is happy to inform you that the President of the United\\nStates has taken steps to afford this protection in the most\\neffective manner against future Mexican and Indian invasion.\\nNext was a resolution favoring the introduction of United\\nStates troops into Texas in accordance with a previous under-\\nstanding between Mr. Donelson and Secretary of State Allen.\\nThe dissatisfaction with the existing government, so preva-\\nlent at the time, showed itself in the convention. And there\\nwas under serious consideration a proposition to abolish the\\nJones government and to set up a provisional one in its stead;\\nand it was thought at one time that the dissatisfied, including\\nsuch men as Rusk, Hogg, and Horton, were in the majority.\\nBut prudent counsels prevailed and the storm blew over.^^\\nIn concluding this subject, I think it no more than right to\\nlet President Jones speak for himself, thus I won independ-\\nence and annexation for my country. If I am wrong in any par-\\nticular, let the records of my negotiation show it. They all may\\nbe published without any fear that Texas will be injured by it,\\nI have never sought to be popular by making a stalk-\\ning horse of annexation and riding on it into popular favor. I\\nwas contented to be denounced by my enemies and even sus-\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0peeted by my friends as opposed to it, when the interests of the\\ncountry and the position Texas occupied towards the United\\n^3 In the letter already referred to, President Jones said further to\\nHamilton Stuart:\\nNot long after the opening of the Convention I received information\\nfrom the most reliable and authentic sources that emissaries and fac-\\ntionists were at work, and that a majority of from two to five in the\\nConvention were in favor of abolishing the existing government and es-\\ntablishing a provisional one in its place. I hastened with\\nsome of my cabinet to Austin. The friends of good order and annexa-\\ntion prevailed; for, two weeks after, the proposition to abolish the gov-\\nernment coming before the Convention in a report from the Committee\\non the State of the Nation, it was triumphantly defeated, only about\\nseven members voting for it out of sixty-one who composed that bod3^\\nFaction was thus rebuked, disorganizers and emissaries silenced, and\\nannexation again saved to the country. From this time, I had no fur-\\nther material control over the question of annexation, and my duties in\\nconnection with it became merely ministerial.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 175\\nStates, England, France, and Mexico required a discreet silence\\non my part; but if ever annexation should go out of favor in\\nTexas (which I hope may never be the case), my enemies I fear\\nwill then be able to prove that, but for me, it never would have\\ntaken place, and that I was always its devoted friend. All I\\nclaim for myself is having accomplished, in spite of every diffi-\\nculty and every obstacle, the great object I sought, and un-\\ninfluenced by clamor, abuse, or threats, of having pursued one\\nuniform and consistent course on the subject of annexation from\\n1836 to 184:6, that is, from the birth to the death of the Re-\\npublic.\\nNevertheless, President Jones was ruined politically by the\\nsuspicion that he had opposed annexation; and he did not live\\nlong enough to recover his former high position in the public\\nconfidence.\\nAnson Jones, born in Massachusetts in 1798, came to Texas\\nin 1833 as a practicing physician, and soon went into active\\npolitics. He was one of the earliest advocates for Texan inde-\\npendence, and when the war begun became surgeon in Burleson^s\\nregiment and participated in the battle of San Jacinto. Sub-\\nsequently Jones was a Congressman from Brazoria, and later\\nMinister to the United States, Secretary of State under Hous-\\nton, and finally President. He was a man of fine abilities, and\\nfor many years was on intimate terms with Sam Houston.\\nIn response to a unanimous vote of thanks by the convention\\nfor his promptness, fidelity, and impartiality. President Rusk\\ngracefully acknowledged the compliment and proceeded to say\\nfurther The important duties we were called upon to perform\\non the part of the people of Texas are discharged, and I trust in\\na manner which will be satisfactory to all the people of Texas,\\nsatisfactory to the Congress and people of the United States,\\nand satisfactory to the friends of republican government\\nthroughout all the civilized world. The proceedings of\\nthis convention, I think I may safely say without vanity or un-\\ndue prejudice in favor of Texas, our adopted land, may well\\ncompare with those of any similar body which has met within\\nthe last hundred years. They have been marked by a degree of\\ndecorum and a spirit of good feeling which I trust in God will\\ncontinue to characterize the people of Texas as long as our coun-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "176 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntry shall endure. I trust, too, that when this Constitu-\\ntion shall go into operation the angry passions attendant upon\\npolitical dissensions will be hushed, that all sectional feeling and\\njealousies and the strife of personal ambition will cease, and that\\nfor many long years to come it will continue the organic law of\\na people united as a band of brothers, animated by the best feel-\\nings of the human heart, and prompted in action by that pure\\nand lively patriotism which has characterized Texas thus far.\\nTime has shoAvn to be true these congratulatory remarks of\\nPresident Eusk to the convention. This Constitution of 1845,\\nthe best that Texas ever had, perhaps, perished only by external\\nviolence.\\nJudge Hemphill, arguing from the analogy of IsTof th Carolina\\nand Ehode T-i;ind, held that a new Constitution was not neces-\\nsary to entitle Texas to admission in the Union. Those two pow-\\ners having played the role of independent sovereignties a year or\\nmore, came into the Union by acceding to the compact, North\\nCarolina without any change in her organic law, and Rhode\\nIsland with her old royal charter for a Constitution. In case of\\nany conflict the United States Constitution was of course para-\\nmount. In that distinguished jurist s opinion, Texas might\\nhave entered the Union by simply ratifying the annexation reso-\\nlution of the United States Congress.\\nAt the election held in October the Constitution submitted to\\nthe people was adopted by a vote practically unanimous.\\nAn election was ordered for State ofBcers and members of the\\nLegislature, to be holden on the third Monday in December.\\nJ. Pinckney Henderson was elected Governor over Dr. J. P.\\nMiller by a vote of 7853 to 1673. Albert C. Horton beat Nicho-\\nlas H. Darnell for Lieutenant-Governor by only 120 votes.\\nMr. Darnell had already the honor of being the bearer of the\\nnew Constitution of Texas from the annexation convention to\\nPresident Polk.\\nOn December 29, 1845, President Polk signed the joint reso-\\nlution for the admission into the Union. Ex-President Adams\\nworked hard to the very last moment to beat annexation in the\\nHouse of Representatives, and Daniel Webster opposed it in the\\nSenate.\\nThe new Legislature met at Austin on February 16, 1846,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 177\\nThe old capitol, which had been used only for a church and\\nschoolhouse since February, 184:^ (except for the short session\\nof the annexation convention), was now occupied again as a\\nlegislative hall. According to Col. John S. Ford, in his paper,\\nthe Austin Democrat, the capitol was decorated with flags for\\nthis occasion. President Jones and Governor-elect Henderson\\nmade their appearance, attended by a joint committee of both\\nhouses, and escorted by the United States officers of this station.\\nAfter they were introduced and seated. Judge R. E. B. Baylor\\nled off in an earnest prayer.\\nPresident Jones then rose and delivered his valedictory, con-\\ncluding in these words\\nThe Lone Star of Texas, which ten years ago arose amid\\nclouds over fields of carnage, obscurely seen for awhile, has\\nculminated, and following an inscrutable destiny, has passed on\\nand become fixed forever in that glorious constellation which all\\nfreemen and lovers of freedom in the world must reverence and\\nadore the American Union. Blending its rays with its sister\\nStates, long may it continue to shine, and may generous heaven\\nsmile upon the consummation of the wishes of the two republics\\nnow joined in one. May the union be perpetual, and may it be\\nthe means of conferring benefits and blessings upon the people\\nof all the States, is my ardent prayer. The final act in the great\\ndrama is now performed. The Republic of Texas is no more\\nDuring this address intense emotion thrilled every bosom and\\ntears trickled from the eyes of many weather-beaten Texans, who\\nfelt that they were being stricken from the roll of nations, and\\nthat indeed the Republic of Texas was no more. Continuing,\\nColonel Ford says: Texas is secure in the enjoyment of all\\nthat a patriot could wish her destiny is united to that of the\\nmightiest people on earth. Her watchword must be Union and\\nher progress will be Onward.\\nOn this event the Washington Union of that date thus com-\\nments We again hail the incorporation of Texas into our\\nUnion as one of the most remarkable events of the age. It was\\naccomplished by no violence of tlie sword; no effusion of blood;\\nno corruption of the people, and by no constraint upon their\\nintentions; but in the best spirit of the age, according to the\\npresent principles of free government, by the free consent of the\\n12", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "178 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\npeople of the two republics. Well may President Jones have\\nsaid: It was left for the Anglo-American inhabitants of the\\nwestern continent to furnish a new mode of enlarging the\\nbounds of empire by the more natural tendency and operation of\\nthe principles of their free government.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 179\\nCHAPTER TEN.\\nTexas in the Union Henderson Governor The Mexican War Texans\\nat Monterey General Henderson and His Brigade Ben McCulloch\\nand Buena Vista Hays and Wallier with Scott Peace and Terri-\\ntorial Expansion Democratic Party Organization ^The Glorious\\nFourth at Austin in li-!46 Educational Interests in Houston Hen-\\nderson s Welcome Home His Character.\\nGovernor Henderson s inaugural was a short and pointed ad-\\ndress congratulating the people upon the consummation of an-\\nnexation, expressing a desire for a spirit of harmony and forbear-\\nance, rather regretting the power and patronage lodged by law\\nwith the executive, but promising to act cautiously and im-\\npartially in his official duties and only for the public good, pledg-\\ning himself to place the judiciary on the best possible footing,\\nand expecting to use the veto power sparingly. He closed with\\nthis vigorous paragraph: We have this day fully entered the\\nUnion of the North American States. Let us give our friends,\\nwho so boldly and nobly advocated our cause, and the friends of\\nAmerican liberty, no reason to regret their efforts in our be-\\nhalf. Henceforth the prosperity of our sister States will be our\\nprosperity their happiness, our happiness their quarrels will\\nbe our quarrels, and in their wars we will freely participate.\\nA few days later Thomas J. Eusk and Sam Houston were\\nchosen by the Legislature United States Senators, the former re-\\nceiving on joint ballot 70 votes, and the latter 69. Col. James\\nLove received 4 votes for Senator, Hiram G. Runnels 2 votes, and\\nJames B. Miller and Memucan Hunt received 1 vote each.\\nTn the congressional election that spring David S. Kaufman\\nwas chosen for Representative in the eastern district.\\nTimothy Pilsbury was elected in the western district, though\\nhe had such able competitors as Wm. G. Cooke, Sam M. Williams,\\nR. E. B. Baylor, and Thos. Jefferson Green.\\nKaufman was a Pennsylvanian, having come to Texas in 1837.\\nHe had represented his district in the Congress of the Republic\\nand had served as a diplomat for Texas at Washington City.\\nPilsbury was a retired sea captain from Maine, and had been a", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "180 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCongressman in the days of the Republic. Both men were pa-\\ntriots of sterling worth, and their fidelity to Texas had been tried\\nand never found wanting.\\nFor his Secretary of State, Governor Henderson selected ex-\\nPresident David G. Burnet, and Gen. Ed. Burleson was president\\npro tern, of the Senate. Jas. B. Shaw was Comptroller Thomas\\nWilliam Ward, Land Commissioner; Wm. G. Cooke, Adjutant-\\nGeneral. It was gratifying to note the prominence of these old\\nTexans in the new State government.\\nThe Governor in his message called attention to the public\\ndebt and the necessity of paying it to the proper disposition of\\nthe public domain; to the unorganized condition of our militia;\\nand to the necessity of economy in administration, to which he\\nwas pledged as the chief executive officer of the State.\\nOn the reorganization of the Supreme Court, Governor Hen-\\nderson appointed John Hemphill Chief Justice, and Abner S.\\nLipscomb and Royall T. Wheeler Associate Justices. Hemphill\\nwas confirmed by the Senate unanimously. Six votes were cast\\nagainst Wheeler s confirmation and five against Lipscomb s.\\nThis court, in the ability and purity of its members, has never\\nhad a superior in Texas. The little opposition to Lipscomb and\\nWheeler at first was caused, it was said, from their connection\\nwith certain old land claims.\\nWe had scarcely got into the Union before there were rum-\\nblings of war on the Mexican border. The Spanish stock is slow\\nto recognize the logic of events. Spain did not recognize the\\nindependence of Mexico till after the battle of San Jacinto. After\\nnine years of conflict Mexico offered to recognize the independ-\\nence of Texas if Texas would agree to remain a separate nation.\\nBut that would have barred annexation, and we rejected, as has\\nbeen already .shown, the Mexican proposal with scorn. Mexico\\nnow made the annexation of Texas to the United States a casus\\nbelli under the pretense that Texas was her rebellious province.\\nAlmonte, the Mexican minister at Washington City, protested\\nin severe terms against the annexation of Texas, and withdrew\\nfrom the United States. Mexico, having rejected President\\nPolk s offer of peaceful negotiation, began active preparations\\nfor war.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 181\\nMeanwhile Texas accepted the annexation resolution of the\\nUnited States Congress, and when General Taylor, at New Or-\\nleans, was advised of this by Mr. Donelson, he immediately em-\\nbarked with a few battalions for our exposed southwestern fron-\\ntier.\\nEncouraged, if not incited, by the abolitionists of the free\\nStates, the Mexican government rejected our peace minister. Mr.\\nSlidell, and ordered its armies into Texas.\\nIn the spring of 1 846, General Taylor, to meet this threatened\\ninvasion, advanced on Matamoros. General Arista protested,\\nand informed General Taylor that he must at once retire with\\nhis army beyond the Nueces, or expect to be compelled to do so\\nby force. Taylor sternly refused, but proposed to Arista, as a\\npeace measure, an armistice pending possible negotiations be-\\ntween the two governments. Arista refused this reasonable prop-\\nosition, and, crossing the Eio Grande into Texas with his army\\nof more than 6000 veterans, began hostilities.\\nIn May, Taylor, with about 3000 men, mostly volunteers,\\nrouted the Mexicans in the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la\\nPalma, and drove them back across the Eio Grande badly de-\\nmoralized and reduced to about half their original number.\\nCapt. Samuel Walker, with his handful of Texas Rangers,\\nrendered excellent scouting service for General Taylor in this\\nshort but glorious campaign.\\nPrefsident Polk, by proclamation, recognized the existence of\\nwar and called for volunteers. American blood had been shed\\nby foreigners upon American soil, and there was an enthusiastic\\nresponse throughout the Union to the call for troops, but espe-\\ncially in the West and South.\\nOn account of the known superiority of the United States to\\nMexico, making victory sure, I did not feel the necessity of en-\\nlisting in the war, nor did my warlike brother Tom, who had\\nrushed to the defense of Texas eleven years before when hard\\npressed by Mexico. All of us, however, held ourselves in readi-\\nness to march to the front should the struggle be long or doubt-\\nful. The war was really welcomed by Texas, as it gave the op-\\nportunity for her adventurous sons to make the hated ^lexicans\\nfeel the blighting effects of a contest carried to their altars and\\nfiresides.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "182 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThere was an immediate rush of Texan volunteers to the Rio\\nGrande frontier, and they shared in the glories of that campaign.\\nTheir distinguished leaders were the ranger captains Jack\\n(John C.) Hays, Samuel H. Walker, and Ben McCulloch. Col.\\nAlbert Sidney Johnston was the first to lead a regiment (the\\nSecond) to the Rio Grande. They were six months men, and\\nwere from some misunderstanding mustered out of service be-\\nfore participating in a battle.\\nIt was said at the time that major-generals commissions were\\noffered by President Polk to Senators Houston and Rusk, but\\ndeclined by those gentlemen. Governor Henderson accepted a\\ncommission as major-general in the volunteer army, and, when\\nauthorized by act of the Legislature, went to the front and com-\\nmanded the Texans under General Taylor at Monterey. His\\nbrigade consisted of the regiments of Cols. Geo. T. Wood and\\nJack Hays. They led the American advance on Monterey, with\\nthe companies of Capts. McCulloch and R. A. Gillespie in front.\\nGeneral Henderson, with his Texans, fought with such spirit\\nin the successful assault on Monterey, September 22-24, 1846,\\nas to gain the plaudits of the whole army. In fact, the siege\\nseemed to drag until the Texans resorted to Ben Milam s tactics\\nat Bexar (fighting from house to house), and forced a surrender.\\nGeneral Henderson was highly complimented by General Tay-\\nlor, and was voted a sword by Congress in commemoration of his\\ngallantry. Our Governor was also appointed on the commission,\\nwith Col. Jeff Davis and General Worth, to arrange the terms\\nfor surrender of the city.\\nAmong the noted Texans at Monterey were M. B. Lamar, Ed.\\nBurleson, H. L. Kinney, and Ed. Clark (on General Henderson s\\nstaff) McCulloch, Tom Green, Walter P. Lane, P. H. Bell, Geo.\\nT. Wood, Jack Hays, Sam Walker, and Wm. R. Scurry, the first\\nthree (beginning with McCulloch) soldier boys at San Jacinto,\\nand the next two, future Governors of Texas, and all more or less\\ndistinguished.\\nAlbert Sidney Johnston was there as inspector-general on Gen-\\noral Butler s staff.\\nThere was no Texas regiment at Buena Vista, but Captain\\nMcCulloch, with his rangers, made a daring reconnoissance of\\nthe Mexican position and brought to General Tavlor reliable in-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 183\\nformation of Santa Anna s rapid advance. Taylor had barely\\ntime to throw his little army of 5000 men into the defile of An-\\ngostura, This almost impregnable position alone saved the\\nAmerican army from destruction by Santa Anna s overwhelming\\nforce of J 7/)00 men.\\nHays and Walker raised another regiment at San Antonio the\\nfollowing winter and fought with Scott s army to the City of\\nMexico, winning many laurels for their gallantry. About the\\nclose of the war Walker was killed at Huamantla. Walter P.\\nLane also distinguished himself fighting under Taylor.\\nThe whole Texan force sent to Mexico was said to be about\\n8000 men but, as our records in the Adjutant-General s office\\nhave been burned, the exact number is not known. General\\nMansfield, in his history of the war, puts the Texan soldiers in\\nthe Mexican war at about 6G00 men.\\nIn making peace in 18-18, the question arose as to the policy\\nof taking more territory, by way of indemnity for losses, and of\\nthus enlarging our area. It was the old question of expansion,\\nargued as to Louisiana, Florida, and Texas, and in those in-\\nstances decided in favor of the principle. The decision in this\\ninstance, as in those which preceded it, was for the acquisition of\\nadditional domain, and it was given practical effect in the formal\\nstipulations of the treaty of Guadaloupe Hidalgo. So Upper\\nCah fornia and Xew Mexico were taken in and put under the\\nStars and Stripes. Pending the annexation of Texas, Senator\\nLevy of Florida introduced a resolution in the United States\\nSenate advising the President to negotiate with Spain for the\\ncession of Cuba.\\nThe expansion idea is not yet dead in the United States,\\nthough men now think it should die.\\nThe advantages of the Union to Texas began at once to appear\\nin the simplicity, economy, and efficiency of the State govern-\\nment. Domestic concerns, such as the business of the Land\\nOffice and the administration of justice, received the proper at-\\ntention, as we had no longer the exclusive duty of defending our\\nfrontiers against foreign invasion. It devolved upon the Fed-\\neral government, also, to prevent Indian incursions upon our\\nwestern settlements. In default of Federal protection, later on,\\nthe Texans protected themselves through the State rangers, and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "184 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwere reimbursed b} rouud sums of money drawn from the Fed-\\neral treasury.\\nBy the terms of annexation Texas ceded to the United States\\nher public edifices, navy, ports, arms, and armaments. In this\\ndelicate matter I understand Lieut. W. A. Tennison, of our navy,\\nwas agent for Texas, and that Hiram Q. Kunnels represented\\nthe United States. Among other arms transferred were the\\nTwin Sisters, the two cannon used at San Jacinto. Our ships\\nbeing transferred, it was thought at the time that our naval\\nofficers would go with the ships and with them be incorporated\\nin the United States navy. Senator Houston opposed that view,\\nand the measure was never consummated.\\nThe First Legislature did some important work in the organ-\\nization of the courts and of the militia, in the establishment of\\nthe penitentiary, and in the creation of more than thirty new\\ncounties. Provision was made for a system of direct taxation,\\nand for taking the census. Religious meetings were put under\\nprotection of the law. The viva voce method of voting was\\nadopted; but, proving unpopular, it was soon changed to the\\nsecret ballot system. Under the State government our execu-\\ntive s salary was then only $2000 per annum, and our legislators\\nper diem was but $3.\\nWishing to act in harmony with the great Democratic party\\nof the United States, the Democratic members of the First Leg-\\nislature, together with leading Democrats from different por-\\ntions of the State, called a meeting in the capitol on the night of\\nApril 27. 1846. Its object was to appoint a central Democratic\\ncommittee, and thus to effect complete organization for the party\\nthroughout the State.\\nWiliam L. Cazneau called the meeting to order, and John T.\\nMills, of Red River, was appointed chairman, and E. M. Pease\\nsecretary.\\nDr. John G. Chalmers, of Travis, addressed the meeting on\\nthe necessity of party organization, as also did Messrs. Gillett,\\nof Lamar Gooch, of Red River, and Durham, of Bowie.\\nThe committee on resolutions: Dr. John G. Chalmers, of\\nTravis; T. J. Chambers, of Liberty R. M. Williamson, of Wash-\\nington Hiram G. Runnels, of Brazoria Wm. H. Bourland, of\\nLamar; Yolney E. Howard, of Bexar; H. J. Jewett, of Robert-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 185\\nson; J. A. Greer, of San Augustine; John Brown, of Nacog-\\ndoches; Lem D. Evans, of Red River, and C. F. McClarty, of\\nRusk, reported, in substance Adherence to the principles of\\nthe Democratic party in the United States, and that meetings be\\nheld in the several counties to elect delegates to assemble in con-\\nvention on the first Monday in November, at Washington, to\\nadopt the necessary measures to carry out the principles of the\\nDemocratic party.\\nJ. S. Mayfield and R. M. Williamson supported the resolutions\\nby forcible arguments.\\nThe central committee was composed as follows: Hiram G.\\nRunnels, R. M. Williamson, Wm. H. Bourland, Daniel C. Dick-\\nson, Dr. John S. Ford, Dr. Moses Johnson, Jas. Webb, John W.\\nHaines, Dr. John G. Chalmers, T. J. Chambers, and Thos. H.\\nDuval. It was, by resolution, made their duty to prepare an ad-\\ndress to the people of Texas.\\nAll newspapers were requested to publish the proceedings.\\nThis was the first Democratic convention ever held in Texas to\\netfect party organization. The Mexican war coming on, with\\nother engrossing matters, the subject slept until awakened to\\nactivity again by avowed opposition to Democratic principles.\\nThe Fourth of July, 1846, had a fitting celebration in Austin\\nthe first one under the Federal government. The celebration\\nwas both religious and political all at the old wooden capitol.\\nThe Methodists appeared to lead in the religious ceremony, as\\ni*The corresponding secretaries were: Wm. E. Cross, of Austin;\\nE. Millican, of Brazos; Dr. E. Mabry, of Bastrop; L. H. Magee, of\\nBrazoria: A. J. Russell, of Bowie; Volney E. Howard, of Bexar; Geo.\\nW. Brown, of Colorado; G. A. Everts, of Fannin; Wm. S. Rayner, of\\nFort Bend; Jno. H. Moore, of Fayette; Wm. S. Hunter, of Goliad; Jno.\\nD. Anderson, of Gonzales; Hugh M. McLeod, of Galveston; Edward\\nClark, of Harrison; Isaac Parker, of Houston; Peter W.Gray, of Harris;\\nCavit Armstrong, of Jefferson; 6. W. Smyth, of Jasper; F. M. White,\\nof Jackson; Geo. T. Wood, of Liberty; Henderson Yoakum, of Mont-\\ngomery; Geo. B. Erath, of Milam; Jas. Denson, of Matagorda; R. R.\\nGage, of Nacogdoches; Jas. Smith, of Rusk; S. H. Morgan, of Red\\nRiver: Henry J. Jewitt, of Robertson; M. T. Johnson, of Shelby; T. G.\\nBrooks, of San Augustine; J. M. Burroughs, of Sabine; Talley, of\\nSan Patricio; W. L. Cazneau, of Travis; Jno. W. Rose, of Victoria, and\\nJames Miller, of Washington.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "186 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntheir presiding elder, Yell, addressed the meeting, and Dr.\\nH. M. Thi-all closed it with prayer. The politicians then took\\ncharge of it, and Jas. H. Raymond read the Declaration of In-\\ndependence, and Judge A. S. Lipscomb made a patriotic speech\\nwhicli was loudly applauded by the crowd. Captain Highsmith,\\nwith his rangers, paraded through the city and fired occasional\\nsalutes. At 4 p. m. a signal gun announced that the barbecue,\\nprepared under the direction of Brown and Chandler, was ready.\\nThe dinner was spread in a beautiful liveoak grove, a few\\nhundred yards west of the capitol. A large crowd participated,\\nincluding Lieutenant-Governor Horton, Judge Lipscomb, and\\nother distinguisiied officials. The sumptuous dinner dispatched,\\nthe inevitable toasts were offered by the toastmaster. Dr. S. G.\\nHaynie, and mostly drank in Colorado water. With the regular\\ntoasts were these The day we celebrate the Republic of\\nTe.xas, now no more promising in birth, prosperous in life, and\\ntriumphant in death [three cheers] the State of Texas last,\\nthough not least, in the glorious Union, she was the first in the\\nfield and will be the last to leave it [three times three]\\nThomas Jefferson the founder of true Democracy; The\\nheroes of the American revolution f The heroes of the Texian\\nrevolution. Lieutenant-Governor Horton offered as a volunteer\\ntoast The memory of Gen. Stephen F. Austin, the founder of\\nTexas may his memory be co-extensive with the institutions of\\nour country Owen O Brien Our distinguished representation\\nin the American Congress; Jas. M. Long (major) Texas as\\nshe was, Texas as she is, Texas forever Judge Lee The anni-\\nversary of American liberty may it soon be celebrated in every\\ntown and hamlet on the American continent.\\nGood feeling and order prevailed throughout the day, and the\\nfestivities closed at night with a grand cotillion party at the\\ncapitol.\\nIn October, 18-IG, there was a meeting in Houston of The\\nTexas Literary Institute, of which Rev. Chauncey Richardson\\nwas president, Isaac Henderson and Ashbel Smith vice-presi-\\ndents, and Jolm Sayles and Harvey H. Allen secretaries. After\\ngoing through with the program of exercises, they appointed a\\ncommittee of five to receive plans for a system of public instruc-\\ntion in Texas, to embrace the following subjects The establish-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 187\\nmont of one or more universities; the establishment of one or\\nmore colleges the establishment of academies, male and female\\nthe establishment of common or district schools the preparation\\nof instructors; the best methods to get a uniform system of in-\\nstruction; the investment of the school fund. Eevs. Oreeneth\\nFisher and Chas. Gillett were prominent workers in the insti-\\ntute, and all showed a creditable interest in promoting a good\\neducational system for Texas such as was contemplated by the\\nold pioneers.\\nThe educational idea was never lost sight of in Texas, even\\namid our severest trials.\\nAfter the capture of Monterey, General Henderson, in feeble\\nhealth, resigned his military commission and returned to his\\nexecutive duties in Texas, which had meanwhile devolved upon\\nLieutenant-Governor Horton.\\nOn his arrival in Austin General Henderson received a royal\\nwelcome. Thos. Wm. Ward was president of the reception com-\\nmittee, and S. G. Haynie, R. M. Potter, and J. M. Swisher were\\nvice-presidents. A public dinner was served in honor of the dis-\\ntinguished guest. Men of all shades of political opinion par-\\nticipated. Everything went off harmoniously. Toasts were\\noffered, as usual, with appropriate airs. Among the regular\\ntoasts were: The President of the United Stales air, Hail\\nColumbia; The Subjugation of Monterey may those who\\nachieved it reap the reward of their valor air, Yankee\\nDoodle The Army and Navy of the United States the army\\nhas drawn the sword with cause it will not sheath it without\\nhonor; the navy, it bides its time; The Volunteers of the\\nUnited States true to the plow in time of peace, and ever ready\\nto take the sword in time of war The Volunteers of Texas\\nlet those who died at Monterey be remembered with the martyrs\\nof the Alamo let those who survive be enrolled with the victors\\nof Bexar and San Jacinto the subjugation of the former gave us\\nconfidence, the triumph of the latter established our independ-\\nence; Gen. J. Pinckney Henderson, our distinguished guest\\nthe victorious chief, warm in the hearts of his countrymen, not\\nonly for his prowess in the field, but for his distinguished talents\\nas a statesman.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nGeneral Henderson made an appropriate response, reviewing\\nhis course as commander of the Texans at Monterey, and assert-\\ning that he opposed the liberal terms allowed to Ampudia, and\\nthat he signed the articles of capitulation only as the agent of\\nGeneral Taylor. He closed with a glowing tribute to the good\\nconduct and bravery of the Texan volunteers. The general s de-\\nbility,, regretted by all, prevented his saying more, and he took\\nhis seat amidst loud cheering.\\nThe regular toasts having been exhausted, the following,\\namong other volunteer toasts, were offered S. G. Haynie The\\nMemory of Brenham, Ogden, Cameron, and all the decimated of\\nthe Mier expedition may Santa Anna, who gave the fatal and\\nbloody order, and the officers and men who executed it, live to\\ndraw a black bean from a Texas rifle; K. M. Potter: The\\nLadies of Mexico, against whom I bear no malice, whatever I\\nmight say of the men; to them the distress of the Texian pris-\\noners never appealed in vain, and, so far as they are concerned,\\nI am a Christian and love my enemies; David G. Burnet:\\nGeneral Taylor and his army the pioneers to the political and\\nmoral enlightenment of Mexico Thos. W. Ward To the\\nmemory of Stephen F. Austin; A. C. Horton: Gov. J. P.\\nHenderson we hail with pleasure his safe return among us from\\na glorious campaign, in which he acted so distinguished a part,\\nand trust he may be soon restored in renewed health to the\\nbosom of liis family.\\nAn interesting part of the program w^as the recitation of Pot-\\nter s Hymn of the Alamo and Ira Munson s Our Flag.\\nThe company next repaired, says the Texas Democrat of\\nNovember 18, 1846, to the ballroom, which was tastefully orna-\\nmented by evergreens and decorated by the broad flag of the\\nUnited States and (what was dear to the heart of every Texian)\\nour own proud starlit banner of by-gone days surrounded by the\\ntrophies of San Jacinto, the colors of the different Mexican regi-\\nments that were beaten on that famous field. Not the least finely\\nexecuted conceit was a pyramid, erected To the Vanquishers of\\nMonterey, surmounted by the flags of the United States and of\\nthe former Republic of Texas. Youth, beauty, and wit and Avorth\\nwere present pleasure danced upon every countenance gaiety\\nflashed from every eye. Fairy forms floated through the mazy", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 189\\ndauce the ear of the lovely heard, with pleasure, praises as they\\ngushed from the lips of the brave and generous. The drowsy\\near of Night was disturbed by the dulcet notes of the violin and\\nthe measured tread of the dance, and the sable curtain of dark-\\nness was almost withdrawn when the party dispersed. Each one\\nseemed to feel that\\nJoy so seldom weaves a chain\\nLike this to-night, that oh, tis pain\\nTo break its link so soon.\\nThis festive affair was a marvelous reminder of the inaugura-\\ntion ball of President Houston at the same place about five years\\nbefore. But how wonderfully changed for the better the for-\\ntunes of Texas now, jollifying over her old enemy in the act of\\nbiting the dust\\nNo Texan ever won a brighter military reputation than Hen-\\nderson in the United States army before or since but his forte\\nwas statesm^anship. Henderson s state papers, as diplomat and\\nGovernor, entitle him to the first rank among the truly great\\nmen of Texas.\\n1 s Henderson was from the Old North State. He reached Texas with\\nhis military company in 1836, just too late for the battle of San\\nJacinto. He was one of those magnetic men that impress you at first\\nsight as being of no ordinary stamp. He was tall and rather delicate\\nin appearance, with light hair, fair complexion, and fine gray eyes; af-\\nfable, and sparkling all over with genuine vivacity. Houston soon\\nlearned to like him and always regarded him as one of our ablest men.\\nHenderson successively filled the offices of attorney general, secretary\\nof state, minister to England and France, and minister to the United\\nStates before becoming governor and was recognized by the bar as one\\nof the most brilliant lawyers in the State.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "190 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTEE ELEYEK\\nWood s Administration Federal Usurpation at Santa Fe The Public\\nDebt Governor Bell Settlement of the Santa Fe Question Seat of\\nGovernment Election Texas Newspapers Scaling the Public\\nDebt\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Whig- Convention in 1853 Election of Pease as Governor Over\\nOchiltree ^Education, Railroads, Public Buildings Settlement of\\nthe Public Debt The Know-Nothing Party The Organized Dem-\\nocracy in 1856 Know-Nothing Convention at Austin Houston the\\nKnow-Nothing Leader in Texas The National Canvass, and Per-\\nsonal Incidents.\\nIn 1847, at the first general election under the State govern-\\nment, Geo. T. Wood, of Polk County, colonel of the Second Texas\\nregiment at Monterey, was chosen Governor, and John A. Greer,\\nof San Augustine, Lieutenant-Governor.^\u00c2\u00ae\\nThe disturbing question at this time was the Santa Fe terri-\\ntory. It was organized by the Second Legislature into Santa Fe\\nCounty, and made one of the judicial districts of Texas, and\\nJudge S. M. Baird was commissioned by Governor Wood to pro-\\nceed to Santa Fe and organize his court. The United States\\nmilitary forces had conquered Santa Fe in 1846, and did not\\nseem disposed to acknowledge the sovereignty of Texas over that\\nterritory. On its first occupancy, however, by Federal troops,\\nGovernor Henderson had protested against it to President Polk,\\nasserting the right of Texas to all the country on the east side\\nof the Rio Grande, up to its source. The reply, through the Sec-\\nretary of State, Mr. Buchanan, was that the Federal occitpancy\\nwas only temporary and not in derogation of the rights of Texas.\\n1 6 Geo. T. Wood was a native Georgian, and came to Texas in 1836,\\nabout the time I arrived, and became a planter in Polk County. Wood\\nwas a quiet, unassuming man, of considerable force of character, as\\nevidenced by his being elected Congressman of the Republic, brigadier\\ngeneral of the militia, colonel of a regiment of volunteers, and lastly.\\nGovernor of the State.\\nHe was called a good-looking man, and was of more than medium\\nheight; well formed, strong and vigorous in appearance.\\nAt the expiration of his term as Governor he retired to private life,\\nand died in Panola County in 1856,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 191\\nBut President Taylor refused to be bound by the action of\\nPresident Polk, and it really seemed as if the Federal govern-\\nment, under a Whig administration, was going to show bad faith\\nto Texas. Governor Wood in all his official papers vigorously\\nmaintained the right of Texas to Santa Fe and to all the terri-\\ntory east of the Eio Grande, our western boundary line as estab-\\nlished by law in 1836. The Legislature, by joint resolution, re-\\nasserted that right and instructed our senators and representa-\\ntives in Congress to use their utmost endeavors to have such\\nmeasures taken by the Federal government as would secure\\nTexas from any encroachment upon her rights by the people of\\nSanta Fe, and requested the Governor to ask the President of\\nthe United States to order the military officers at Santa Fe to\\naid the officials of Texas in effecting the county organization.\\nThe excitement ran high in Texas, and even war appeared not\\nimprobable, but the matter drifted and went over for settlement\\nto the next administration.\\nThe public debt question was also pressing for settlement. In\\na message to the Legislature, Governor Wood said The debt\\nmust be paid. The honor of the State must stand without blem-\\nish. The Legislature, in response, enacted a laAv requiring the\\nAuditor and Comptroller of Public Accounts to notify through\\nthe newspapers of Austin, New Orleans, New York, and Wash-\\nington, all holders of claims against the Republic of Texas to\\npresent them for allowance on or before November, 1849.\\nAt the next election, in August, 1849, Wood was beaten for\\nthe second term by Peter Hansbrough Bell, and Greer succeeded\\nhimself as Lieutenant-Governor. John W. Harris was elected\\nAttorney-General, James B. Shaw Comptroller, and Thos. Wm.\\nWard Commissioner of the Land Office. W. D. Miller was ap-\\npointed Secretary of State, and J. C. Pitts Adjutant-General.^f v\\n1 Peter Hansbrough Bell was a Virginian a fine type of southern\\ngentleman, a well-built, handsome young fellow when he landed in\\nTexas. He displayed much pluck and determination in participating\\nas a private in the battle of San Jacinto. He was always affable and\\nkind; became popular; rose rapidly in public estimation; commanded a\\ncompany of rangers at an early day; fought bravely at Monterey as\\nlieutenant-colonel in Wood s regiment, and then became Governor of\\nTexas. He afterwards married in Washington City a wealthy lady who", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "192 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThis Legislature extended the time for creditors to present\\ntheir claims against the Eepublic to September, 1851, after\\nwhich they would be barred, and also passed a law to pay off\\nthe public creditors in land at 50 cents per acre. But few ac-\\ncepted this offer, as confidence in the good faith of the State\\nwas unimpaired. The final solution of the public debt, how-\\never, came onJy with the settlement of the Santa Fe question by\\nCongress.\\nTexas had, through Governor Bell, expressed her desire to sell\\npart of the public domain to the United States in order to pay\\nthe public debt. An opportunity soon offered by the passage\\nthrough Congress of the Pearce boundary bill. Under this Texas\\nwas offered, in exchange for her Santa Fe claim, $10,000,000\\nin stock, bearing 5 per cent interest, and redeemable at the end\\nof fourteen years. The stock was to issue as soon as the Presi-\\ndent was informed officially of the acceptance of the oft er by\\nTexas provided, that not more than $5,000,000 were to be paid\\nuntil the creditors of the State filed at the treasury of the United\\nStates releases of claims against the United States.\\nThe question of the acceptance of the provisions of the Pearce\\nboundary bill was decided, by popular vote, in the affirmative,\\nafter thorough discussion.\\nMany indignation meetings, however, were held over the State,\\nand it looked for awhile like the measure would be defeated and\\nthat a fight was inevitable. Mississippi offered to aid Texas in\\nthe event of war. But the Legislature accepted the bill, and thus\\na quietus was put upon two disturbing questions the Santa Fe\\ndispute was honorably settled, and the public debt put in a course\\nof easy liquidation.\\nThe Constitution fixed the seat of government at Austin until\\n1850, and then it was to be determined by a popular vote until\\n1870. At that time another election was to settle the seat of gov-\\nernment question permanently.\\nAt the election on this subject held in March, 1850, Austin\\nreceived 7674 votes, Palestine 1854, and Tehuacana 1143. There\\nowned much slave property. After livinj^ in Texas a short time they\\nremoved to North Carolina. When the slaves were freed, Bell was left\\nin his old age very poor. He was on the pension roll of Texas at the\\ntime of his death a few years ago.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 193\\nwere a few scattering votes cast for Washington, Huntsville, and\\nother towns! So this vexed question was settled in favor of Aus-\\ntin for twenty years at least.\\nAs an evidence of progress in Texas may be mentioned the fol-\\nlowing list of newspapers published in 1849: Aegis of Truth,\\nHenderson; American Flag (Spanish-English), Brownsville;\\nBonham Advertiser, Bonham; Civilian and Galveston Gazette,\\nGalveston (tri- weekly and weekly) Colorado Tribune, Corpus\\nChristi; Corpus Christi Star, Corpus Christi (Spanish-English)\\nDe Cordova s Herald and Immigrants Guide, Houston\\n(monthly) Telegraph arid Texas Register, Houston; Galveston\\nNews, Galveston (tri-weekly and weekly) Galveston Zeitung,\\n(German, weekly and semi-weekly) Houston Gazette, Houston;\\nIndependent Monitor, Jefferson; Mercantile Advertiser, Hous-\\nton; Morning Star, Houston (tri-weekly) Nacogdoches Times,\\nNacogdoches; Northern Standard, Clarksville; The Pioneer,\\nPalestine; Star State Patriot, Marshall; Texas Banner, Hunts-\\nville Texas Presbyterian, Houston Texas Ranger, Washington\\nTexas Republican, Marshall; I exas State Gazette, Austin; Texas\\nUnion, San Augustine; Wesleyan Banner, Houston; Western\\nStar, Clarksville; Western Texan, San Antonio.\\nThe list is taken from an issue of the Texas Republican. Of\\nthese newspapers, the Telegraph, then of Columbia, is the only\\none that I can call to mind as published in Texas in 1836. In\\nthis list are the historic newspapers of early Texas The Tele-\\ngraph and Texas Register, antedating the Eepublic the Galves-\\nton Nev)s, founded in 1842; the Northern Standard, Col. Chas.\\nDe Morse s organ; the Texas Republican, edited by Col. E. W.\\nLoughery; the Morning Star (the first Texas daily), published\\nby Cruger, and the Texas State Gazette, founded by W. H. Cush-\\nney in the fall of 1849. The Gazette soon got to be, under the\\neditorial control and management of John Marshall, a paper of\\nwidespread political influence.\\nThe death of David S. Kaufman in 1851, at Washington, left\\na vacancy to be filled in the Eastern congressional district. Sev-\\neral candidates announced for the office, among others Richard-\\nson Scurry and Judge 0. M. Roberts, the latter of whom re-\\nsigned his office as judge of the Fifth district to enter the race.\\nAt the Democratic congressional convention held at Henderson\\n13", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "194 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nin June, 1851, Scurry beat Koberts for the nomination, and was\\nelected by a good majority at the polls.\\nThis, I believe was the first nominating Democratic conven-\\ntion ever held in Texas. No business other than the selection of\\na candidate for Congress was transacted by it.\\nIn 1851 Bell was re-elected Governor, James W. Henderson\\nsucceeded Greer as Lieutenant-Governor, and Dr. Chas. G.\\nKeenan was elected Speaker of the House.\\nUnder a system of scaling adopted by the Legislature the pub-\\nlic debt began to be rapidly paid off, but not entirely to the sat-\\nisfaction of all the creditors. Scaling was bad, but it was bor-\\nrowed from the practice of the United States in settling their\\nfirst war debt. Governor James Hamilton, the early financial\\nfriend of Texas, opposed scaling in toto, saying, What a nation\\npromises to pay is its public debt. Volney Howard, Pilsbury s\\nsuccessor in the Western district, declined a re-election to Con-\\ngress in the spring of 1853, and removed to California to accept\\na Federal office tendered him.\\nGovernor Bell, chosen congressman in Volney Howard s dis-\\ntrict over Wm. R. Scurry in 1853, turned over his office to Lieu-\\ntenant-Governor J. W. Henderson, who acted as Governor a few\\nweeks. J. W. was called by the familiar sobriquet of Smoky,\\nto distinguish him from the elegant J. Pinckney.\\nIn April, 1852, a Whig convention for Eastern Texas was held\\nin Tyler and organized by the election of C. C. Mills, of Harri-\\nson, as chairman, and J. R. Armstrong, of Rusk, and T. Lewell-\\ning, of Smith, as secretaries.\\nStrong Whig, or anti-Democratic, resolutions were reported\\nby the committee (Ochiltree, Trimble, Gammage, Swan, and\\nJohn C. Robertson) and adopted. Colonel Mills was nominated\\nas elector for the State at large, and Dr. Throckmorton, of Col-\\nlin, elector for the First Congressional district. Wm. Stedman,\\nof Harrison, and others were selected to prepare an address to\\nthe people. A full delegation, headed by W. B. Ochiltree and\\nBen Epperson, were appointed delegates to the ensuing National\\nWhig convention. In conclusion, Jno. C. Robertson, of Smith,\\nexpressed his dissent from the resolutions adopted, and begged\\nleave to retire from the convention.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 195\\nIn view of the organized opposition, the Democrats tried to\\nassemble a State convention in 1853, first, in February at Aus-\\ntin, and in June at Washington, but without success.\\nThe Whigs centered that year on W. B. Ochiltree for Gov-\\nernor. E. M. Pease, J. W. Dancy, G-eo. T. Wood, M. T. John-\\nson, and Thomas J. Chambers were his Democratic opponents.\\nThings began to look squally for the Democracy, but at the cru-\\ncial moment M. T. Johnson nobly withdrew from the race and,\\nthrowing his influence to Pease, caused his election.\\nDavid C. Dickson was elected Lieutenant-Governor; Thos J.\\nJennings, Attorney-General Jas. B. Shaw, Comptroller; Jas. H.\\nRaymond, Treasurer, and S. R. Crosby, Commissioner of the\\nLand Office. Ed. Clark was appointed Secretary of State.\\nGeo. W. Smyth was elected congressman in the Eastern dis-\\ntrict without opposition.\\nPease, it will be remembered, was my predecessor in the comp-\\ntrollership under President Houston. Since that time (1837)\\nhe had largely developed his mental powers, and when chosen\\nGovernor was considered a fine constitutional lawyer, a great\\nstatesman, and a patriot of incorruptible integrity. Besides this.\\nPease was wideawake and progressive in his views of public\\npolicy.\\nThe Governor favored the establishment of a general educa-\\ntional system, including both common schools and a university.\\nOn his recommendation the Legislature provided for a system of\\nfree schools and set apart for its maintenance $2,000,000 of the\\nSanta Fe bonds. It failed to establish a university, because the\\nfriends of the measure disagreed as to whether there should be\\none or two universities. The school system was a crude one but,\\ncarrying with it the money endowments, indispensable to vital-\\nizing the educational clause of the Constitution, it was a move\\nin the right direction.\\nRailroad building was encouraged by a donation of sixteen\\nsections of land per mile to all companies constructing as much\\nas twenty-five miles, and, for further encouragement, a loan was\\nmade to the railroad companies of $6000 per mile out of the\\nschool fund. General Sidney Sherman, as has been before men-\\ntioned, was the pioneer railroad builder in Texas. His road, the\\nGalveston, Harrisburg San Antonio, inaugurated at Harris-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "196 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nburg in 1853, extended to the Colorado at the beginning of the\\ncivil war. Next was begun the Houston Texas Central, under\\nPaul Bremond.\\nThe Legislature also made ample provision for the building\\nand endowment of the several asylums at Austin.\\nThe canvass of 1855 made still plainer the necessity for strict\\nDemocratic organization. In June of that year the Know-Noth-\\ning party held a State conventions^ at Washington, on the\\nBrazos, and nominated David C. Dickson for Governor, W. G. W.\\nJowers for Lieutenant-Governor, John Hancock for Congress in\\nthe Western district, and Lem D. Evans for Congress in the\\nEastern district.\\nGovernor Pease, though not entirely acceptable to the Democ-\\nracy on account of his favoring State construction of railroads,\\nhad no Democratic contestant, and beat Dickson about 9000\\nvotes. Hardin R. Runnels of Bowie was elected Lieutenant-\\nGovernor. Ex-Governor Bell was easily re-elected to Congress\\nin his district, in spite of the efforts of the independents for\\nJudge Hancock. In the east, the canvass agaist Lem. Evans\\nopened with three Democratic candidates in the field: Geo. W.\\nChilton, Jno. T. Mills, and Matt Ward. Chilton and Mills, how-\\never, soon withdrew in favor of Matt Ward. After a hard fight\\nEvans was elected by a close margin. General Houston s influ-\\nence, perhaps, turning the scale in his favor.\\nThe new stone capitol, on Capitol hill, begun in Bell s admin-\\nistration and finished in 1855, was first occupied by the Sixth\\nLegislature, November 5, 1855, and Speaker H. P. Bee, on tak-\\ning the chair, made some felicitous remarks on the completion of\\nthe capitol.\\nGovernor Pease also had the honor of christening the executive\\nmansion (built during his term of office) by making it his official\\nresidence.\\nIn his message to this Legislature the Governor called atten-\\ntion to the subject of internal improvements and the unsatis-\\nfactory condition of the public debt. He boldly advocated the\\n1 8 R. E. B. Baylor was the grand president; first vice-president,\\nThos. M. Likens, of Rusk; second vice-president, N. Holland, of Austin,\\nthird vice-president, J. L. Hewitt, of Bexar.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "m\\nije\\nirsL?\\nX\\nTBS\\njg^\\n-f\\nM\\njft\\n1 S\\n:Jfc\\n1.\\n1\\ne\\nt\\n4?-*\\nt=4", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 197\\nconstruction and ownership of railroads by the State, in which\\nhe differed from tlie Democratic party. Experience with these\\ngreat corporations has made many Democrats, since then, favor\\nPease s policy. It is needless to say, perhaps, that I think rail-\\nway legislation by a commission is the proper thing under all\\ncircumstances.\\nThe expenses of the State government had been paid out of the\\nSanta Fe fund for several years, and the State taxes had been\\nrelinquished to the several counties for the purpose of building\\ncourthouses and jails. Governor Pease, believing that the time\\nhad come to change this policy, reconmiended the repeal of the\\nlaw on this subject.\\nFinally Congress intervened in behalf of dissatisfied creditors\\nof the Republic and passed a law, first known as the public debt\\nbill, allowing Texas $2,750,000 additional to the remaining\\n$5,000,000 still due. This enabled Texas to raise the scale\\nadopted and pay nearer the face value of the public debt. The\\npayment of this additional amount was conditioned on the re-\\nlinquishment by Texas of all her claims against the United\\nStates for Indian depredations during the existence of the Re-\\npublic, amounting, according to Senator Rusk, to about $3,800,-\\n000. This was rather a hard bargain, and the public debt bill\\nwas submitted to a popular vote for acceptance or rejection not\\n9 bad way to settle a grave public question. The people of Texas\\naccepted it at the ballot box, and the Legislature enacted the\\nnecessary law, after a sharp debate. With the additional funds,\\nthe whole debt, on its face amounting to about $11,000,000, but\\nscaled down to a little more than half that amount, w^as paid as\\nrapidly as the adjustments could be made. No creditors in the\\nworld s history ever received a greater per cent on their invest-\\nments than did the creditors of Texas.\\nIn this canvass an expression of sympathy for. or identification\\nwith, the Know-Nothing part}^, or American Ordei as sometimes\\ntermed, was drawn from General Houston. In answer to a letter\\nof inquiry as to his attitude towards the Know-iS[othing party\\n(written from the town of Independence, in July, 1855, and\\nsigned by W. A. Baldwin, John C. Eldridge, Henry L. Graves,\\nGeo. B. Davis. John P. Collins, Asbury Daniel, S. G. Lipscomb,\\nand Jabez Dean), General Houston, under date of July 34th,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "198 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nfrom the same place (then his residence), wrote a long communi-\\ncation, from which I make only these extracts, to show his status\\nas a party man\\nWhilst the triumphs of American principles were reverberat-\\ning throughout the Union, I was silent. When these principles\\nare said to be in eclipse, I come forward in cheerfulness and de-\\nclare that I believe the salvation of my country is only to be se-\\ncured by an adherence to the principles of the American Order.\\nSecret societies have always been dangerous to despots\\nand tyrants. They have denounced and proscribed Masonry;\\nthe pope and other potentates have crushed the ancient order in\\ntheir dominions. We have a high and holy duty to\\nperform to our country, and if we, as Americans, can not main-\\ntain and preserve our freedom, is it possible, or even probable,\\nthat we will find a safe depository in the hands of foreigners, or\\nthe satellites of a pope whose system of religion overwhelms all\\nAmerican Protestants with denunciations while living, and de-\\nnies their bodies burial after death in Catholic countries?\\nThis letter was considered an avowal of his connection with the\\nKnow-N othing party, concerning which the Texas Republican\\neditorially said: General Sam Houston comes out clearly and\\nunequivocally in favor of the Know-Nothing party. General\\nHouston was the central figure at the great Know-Nothing rally\\nat Austin on the 23d and 24th of November, during the session\\nof the Legislature. On that occasion the general made a great\\nspeech in advocacy of Know-Nothingism as against the organ-\\nized Democracy, saying among other things: I am a Demo-\\ncrat, a Jackson Democrat. I have never been anything else. He\\nwas the first statesman I ever admired. I adopt and\\nadmire the principles of the American party. It is the only\\nparty, in my opinion, whose principles will maintain the per-\\npetuity of our free institutions. I amx for Americans\\nruling America.\\nThe weather had been very inclement and it was still lowering\\nthe next day. Nevertheless, a grand Know-Nothing procession\\nparaded around the capitol. It was headed by the San Antonio\\ndelegation on horseback, followed by a car full of young ladies\\ndressed in tri-color and each bearing a shield representing the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 199\\nseveral Stales of the ITiiion. Meanwhile Gen. Hugh McLeod/^\\naddresing the Know-Nothing, or American, party and sarcastic-\\nally alluding to Houston s speech, noticed the continued had\\nweather, and said I hope it is not an omen of the failure of\\nyour cause; but if it is, fellow citizens, propitiate it by a timely\\nsacrifice, throw Jonah [Houston] overboard. The prophet has\\nfailed to deliver the true message to the people his excuses are\\ningenuous, but deceptive, and the ship will labor as the storm in-\\ncreases. The sacrifice is due to Nineveh, and the ship to Democ-\\nracy and America. Jonah should be thrown overboard.\\nIt could scarcely be said that the Texans were thoroughly\\nx4.merican till they had put themselves in accord with the great\\npolitical parties of the Union. When happily free from the em-\\nbarrassments of a public debt and a boundary dispute, Texas\\nwas ripe for party organization. Up to 1856 there were as many\\nindividual candidates for Governor as chose to run. Hobbies,\\napart from the great party issues, were common to all of them,\\nand the canvasses appeared unseemly scrambles to get into office\\nwithout regard to fixed principles or questions of public policy.\\nAlways dangerous to Democratic success, the practice had now\\ngrown to be a nuisance. Principles, not personalities, were to\\ndetermine henceforth.\\nAt a meeting of the Democratic party, held in the hall of the\\nHouse of Eepresentatives on the evening of the 15th of January,\\n1856, on motion of Hon. H. P. Bee, Col. Matt Ward, of Cass,\\nwas called to the chair; whereupon, on motion of Hon. H. R.\\nRunnels, of Bowie, F. R. Lubbock, of Harris, was appointed sec-\\nretary. The chairman having explained the object of the meet-\\ning to be preparatory to the organizing of the Democratic con-\\nvention, E. A. Palmer moved a call of the counties with the\\nnames of the delegates. There were ninety counties, represented\\n1 9 McLeod was a Virginian and a West Pointer in military training;\\ncame to Texas during the revolution: was aide to Gen. Rusk in the\\nCherokee war in 1839; led the disastrous Santa Fe expedition in 1841,\\nand had been a member of the Texan Congress and of the State Legis-\\nlature. Houston and McLeod were not friends. He died a Confederate\\nbrigadier, in Virginia, in 1861. His remains rest in the State cemetery\\nat Austin.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "200 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwith the names of two hundred and forty-five delegates. Upon\\nthe call being concluded, Judge J. Mills, of Lamar; Wm. E.\\nScurry, of Victoria; General Waul, of Bexar; F. K. Lubbock, of\\nHarris; Colonel Hubbard and Jack Davis, of Smith; Guy M.\\nBryan, of Brazoria, and Thomas J. Jennings, were severally\\ncalled upon and addressed the meeting.\\nOn motion of Ashbel Smith, of Harris, it was\\nEesolved, That this meeting now adjourn until tomorrow at\\n3 o clock p. m., at that time to meet in convention in the hall of\\nthe House of Representatives.\\nIn accordance with the resolution passed on the 15th, the Dem-\\nocratic State convention met in the Hall of Representatives at\\n3 p. m. January 16, 1856, Matt Ward, of Cass, in the chair, and\\nF. R. Lubbock secretary.\\nOn motion of A. G. Weir, of Travis, the rules of the House of\\nRepresentatives were adopted to govern the convention, as far\\nas applicable.\\nOn motion. Matt Ward, of Cass, was declared by acclamation\\npresident of the convention. The vice-presidents were John T.\\nMills, of Lamar N. G. Weir, of Travis J. M. Devine, of Bexar\\nG. W. Hill, of Navarro; Wm. S. Taylor, of Cherokee; J. W.\\n80 Among those present, not elsewhere mentioned, were: Jesse\\nBillingsly. of Bastrop; James Shaw, of Brazos; E. H. Rogan, of Caldwell;\\nE. B. Scarborough, of Cameron; M. D. K. Taylor and J. P. Nash, of\\nCass; Wm. S. Taylor and R. H. Guinn, of Cherokee; H. Seele and Jacob\\nWaelder, of Comal; Jos. F. Crosby, of El Paso; J. W. Dancy, of Fay-\\nette; M. M. Potter and Jno. Henry Brown, of Galveston; W. T. Lock-\\nridge, of Gonzales; C. R. Johns, of Hays; P. B. Greenwood, of Hender-\\nson; R. L. Askew, of Hopkins; C. H. Randolph, of Houston: Jas. Hooker,\\nof Hunt; P. M. White, of Jackson; M. J. Bonner and W. M. Williams,\\nof Lamar; E. T. Branch, of Liberty; N. W. Battle and Thos. Henderson,\\nof McLennan; Alex W. Sneed, of Milam; Matt WhiLtaker and Thos. P.\\nOchiltree, of Nacogdoches; G. W. Hill, of Navarro; W. R. Poag, of\\nPanola; W. R. Moore, of Polk; Giles Boggess, M. D. Ector, J. H. Parsons\\nand C. J. Garrison, of Rusk; G. W. Chilton and E. E. Lott, of Smith;\\nIsaac Parker, of Tarrant; W. S. Oldham, Jas. G. Swisher, G. W. Pas-\\nchal, P. DeCordova, P. B. Calhoun, A. W. Terrell, Jno. Marshall, Geo.\\nFlournoy; Jno. W. Harris and E. M. Pease, of Travis; N. B. Charlton,\\nof Tyler; Jno. J. Lynn, of Victoria: Jno. S. Besser, of Walker: J. W.\\nMcDade and Jas. Willie, of Washington; Jonathan Russell and Henry\\nStout, of Wood.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 201\\nDancy, of Fa3^ette. F. R. Lubbock, T. J. Johnson of Cherokee,\\nand R. E. Clements of Bexar, were declared secretaries.\\nAs the basis of representation it was resolved, on motion of\\nMr. Brown, of Galveston,\\n1. That every county in the State which may have dele-\\ngates in this convention shall be entitled to one vote, regardless\\nof its representation in the State Legislature.\\n2. That all counties entitled to separate representation in\\nthe State Legislature shall, in addition to the vote aforesaid, be\\nentitled to as many additional votes as such county or counties\\nmay have separate representatives in the House of Representa-\\ntives.\\nWhere a county had no delegate in the convention, any re-\\nspectable citizen of that county was allowed, on motion of R. B.\\nHubbard, a seat as its representative. Over two hundred dele-\\ngates were present from ninety-one out of ninety-nine counties.\\nThe committee on the platform consisted of J. H. Carsons,\\nchairman T. N. Waul, Ashbel Smith, Wm. S. Taylor, Wm. R.\\nScurry, C. R. Johns, Nat Terry, John T. J\\\\rills, Geo. W. Paschal,\\nH. R. Runnels, H. P. Bee, J. M. Burroughs, and M. M. Potter.\\nThe main features of the platform adopted, were reaffirmance\\nof the principles of the Democratic party, as embodied in the\\nBaltimore platform of 1853; opposition to all secret political\\nsocieties, whether called American, Know-Nothing, or by any\\nother delusive name; opposition to all proscription on account\\nof place of birth or particular religious creed; endorsement of\\nthe Kansas-Nebraska Act as a triumph of the Constitution over\\nfanaticism and sectional madness; equality of the States and\\nthe right of slavery to protection in the Territories until ad-\\nmitted as States into the Union, at which time the people will\\nsay in their Constitutions whether slavery is to be tolerated any\\nlonger or not.\\nMr. Chilton, of Smith, offered a resolution approving the vote\\nof Senator Rusk and condemning that of Senator Houston on\\nthe Kansas-Nebraska bill. On a portion of the language of said\\nresolution there was considerable discussion, in which Mr. Chil-\\nton favored and Messrs. Davis of Smith, Scott, Ashbel Smith\\nof Harris, Oldham, Mills of Lamar, Waul and Lubbock opposed", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "202 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe adoption of the resolution, whereupon Judge Oldham offered\\nthe following substitute, which was unanimously adopted\\nliesolved, That this convention do most fully and cordially\\nindorse and approve the votes of Senator Kusk and Represen-\\ntatives Geo. W. Smyth and Peter H. Bell upon the Kansas-Ne-\\nbraska Act, and that we do further most decidedly disapprove\\nthe vote of Senator Houston upon said act, as not in accordance\\nwith tlu^ Democracy of Texas.\\nMy unwavering personal regard for General Houston caused\\nme to oppose the strong condemnatory original resolution yet\\nit could nol be denied that Houston, in his vote on the Kansas-\\nNebraska Act, had parted company with the Texas Democracy.\\nvoted for the substitute. Though we belonged to opposing\\npolitical parties after 1854, our friendship was never interrupted\\nto my knov/ledge. I never ceased to respect him for his talents\\nand patriotism.\\nThere appeared in the convention several political aspirants\\nfresh from the ranks of Know-Nothingism who, in my opinion,\\nwere ready to bolt if they failed to get the desired nomination.\\nFor their s])eeiai benefit I submitted the following resolution:\\nResolved, That this convention will support no person as a\\nnominee for any office, or place of trust, unless fully satisfied by\\nhis acts and declarations, or the assurance of his friends in this\\nconvention, that he is fully united with the Democratic party\\nupon all the issues now existing between them and their op-\\nponents, and that such nominee will abide the decision of this\\nconvention and support all its nominees with zeal and fervency.\\nIts appositeness was at once seen, and after a little discussion\\nit was adopted.\\nThe following nominations were made: Attorney-General,\\nJames Willie, over T. J. Jennings; Comptroller, Jas. B. Shaw\\n[My name was put before the convention with that of Mr. Shaw.\\nThis was a surprise to me, and as I did not wish the honor, I\\nquickly arose and addressed the convention, declining the nomi-\\nnation in favor of Mr. Shaw, who was then declared the nomi-\\nnee by acclamation] Treasurer, Jas. H. Raymond, over M. D.\\nEctor, C. H. Randolph, and N. B. Charlton.\\nThe following were selected as delegates to the National Dem-\\nocratic convention at Cincinnati Eastern district. Matt Ward,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 203\\nR. B. Hubbard, W. C. Pollock, S. R. G. Mills Western district,\\nH. P. Bee, Guy M. Bryan, Jacob Waelder, W. S. Oldham. And\\nthe following as presidential electors State at large, Frank W.\\nBowden and Win. R. Scurry; Eastern district, A. J. Hood;\\nWestern district, A. J. Hamilton.\\nBesides these, as a hot canvass was anticipated, sub-electors\\nwere appointed for the seventeen judicial districts of the State.\\nI was sub-elector for the Seventh judicial district.\\nAshbel Smith, T. N. Waul, M. M. Potter, Nat Terry, M. D.\\nEctor, Bird Holland, and N. B. Charlton were appointed a com-\\nmittee to prepare an address to the people, tmd the following\\nwere selected as a State Central Committee: Geo. W. Paschal,\\nS. G. Sneed, G. W. Chilton, S. H. Morgan, Jas. C. Wilson, J.\\nPinckney Henderson, Thos. S. Lubbock, and John J. Linn men\\nafterwards widely diverging in political sentiment.\\nThe convention resolved John Henry Brown and myself\\ninto a committee to superintend the printing and distribution\\nof its proceedings, and thus forced on me a little longer stay in\\nAustin.\\nThe Siaie Gazette (John Marshall and W. S. Oldham, edi-\\ntors) complimented President Matt Ward on his efficient and\\nimpartial discharge of the duties of presiding officer, and for that\\nportion of his utterances in which he proceeded to caution the\\nDemocratic party against, and condemn, that class of men who\\nclaim to be Democrats and yet advocate the principles of Know-\\nNothingism.\\nThe ticket seems to have been acceptable, as the Telegraph\\nsays editorially Every name will prove a tower of strength.\\n2 1 We congratulate the party in this county and district, continues\\nthe Telegrapfi, on the selection of our friend Francis R. Lubbock. Esq.,\\nas district elector. Mr. Lubbock is, and always was, a staunch and\\nunflinching friend to the party, and possessing so great a degree of per-\\nsonal popularity and thorough ability to defend the principles of the\\nplatform, he will bo carried triumphantly through the canvass. A bet-\\nter selection could not have been made. After noticing Mr. Lubbock s\\nwithdrawal in favor of Shaw for Comptroller, the Telegraph says: Mr.\\nLubbock held the office (Comptroller) in the early days of the old Re-\\npublic and discharged its duties with great ability and faithfulness, and\\nthose now who knew him well would place his claims on the score of\\nfitness second to none in the State. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "204 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nMy resolution on party fealty and obligation continued the\\nrule in Democratic conventions until the doctrine was uidver-\\nsally accepted by fair-minded men. It was indeed a kind of par-\\naphrase of the golden rule as applied to politics. I have never\\nthought of departing from it; not that I have always approved,\\nin my conscience, of party action,, for that in some instances has\\nbeen contrary to my judgment, but for the reason that fidelity\\nto the party in whose cardinal principles I fully believe is under\\nan} and all circumstances preferable to giving aid and comfort\\nto its enemies. This conviction is based upon the fact that party\\ngovernment is necessary in all free countries, especially in ours.\\nThe State convention of the American, or Know-T^Tothing,\\nparty was held at Austin January 21, 1856.\\nJohn Caldwell, of Bastrop, was elected president, and the sec-\\nretaries were L. H. Hutchings, of Travis, and Ben F. Hill, of\\nCalhoun.\\nGen. Hugh McLeod, Hon. W. P. Kittrell, and Judge J. W.\\nAllen, being successively called upon, most eloquently addressed\\nthe convention in advocacy of the principles of the American\\nparty, as also did W. H. Henderson, of Travis, B. B. Fly, of Gon-\\nzales, and J. W. Flanagan, of Rusk.\\nThe presidential electors were John A. Wilcox, of Bexar,\\nand Eobert H. Taylor, of Fannin, for the State at large J. W.\\nFlanagan, of Eusk, for the Eastern district, and Thomas W.\\nBlake, of Leon, for the Western district. Wm. Stedman, of\\nRusk, was nominated for Attorney-General; Wm. Tarlton, of\\nHarrison, for Treasurer, and E. S. C. Robertson, of Bell, for\\nComptroller.\\nThe platform expressed devotion to the Constitution and the\\nUnion, and declared in favor of native Americans for office ex-\\ntension of the naturalization period for foreigners to twenty-\\none years liberty of conscience and liberty of the press, and the\\nabolishment of the secrecy in the party s proceedings. It\\nomitted the clause in the national platform proscribing Catholics.\\nThe national platform, adopted at Philadelphia, February 21,\\n1856, professed fealty to the Constitution and Union; opposed\\ninterference with slavery in the States declared that Americans\\nmust rule America favored requiring a residence of twenty-one\\nyears in the country for the naturalization of foreigners, and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 205\\nopijosed the elevation to office of an} person who acknowledged\\nallegiance to any foreign prince, potentate, or power. The latter\\nenunciation was aimed at the Catholics, who, it was claimed, ac-\\nknowledged allegiance to the pope. According to Know-Nothing\\ntenets, none but native-born Protestant citizens should be fa-\\nvored for office. Ex-President Millard Fillmore and Andrew\\nJackson Donelson, the latter of whom figured so prominently in\\nannexation, were put forward as the party s national standard\\nbearers.\\nGeneral Houston was the acknowledged leader of the Know-\\nNothing party in Texas, and had already thrown down the\\ngauntlet of defiance to the Democracy in a great speech under\\nthe very nose of a Democratic Legislature.\\nMy cattle business, persisted in for ten years on Briscoe s ad-\\nvice, had indeed proved prosperous before the end of that period,\\nand the ranch and farm were in 1855 paying a large revenue over\\nand above expenses. In fact, I had become the largest cattle\\nowner between the Trinity and the Brazos. This was the result\\nof close attention to business and giving it my personal super-\\nvision, while a responsible deputy kept in good shape the affairs\\nof the district clerk s office.\\nI now felt safe in venturing out into State politics, and T had\\nno hesitancy in accepting the position of delegate to represent\\nmy county in the first Democratic State convention ever held in\\nTexas, and being appointed one of the sub-electors, I felt in\\nhonor bound to serve the party.\\nIn 1856 the National Democracy was confronted by two new\\nhostile political organizations, to wit, the Eepublican party, the\\nembodiment of the anti-slavery idea, and the American, or\\nKnow-Nothing, party, whose cardinal principle was the proscrip-\\ntion of foreigners and Catholics.\\nAs a district elector in the presidential canvass of 1856, I\\nmade an active canvass in the counties east of the Brazos River,\\nincluding Harris, Montgomery, Walker, Grimes, Polk. Tyler,\\nTrinity, Houston, Anderson, Cherokee, Madison, Leon, Rusk,\\nand others.\\nWhile the Know-Xothing party had been about killed off in\\nVirginia by the forcible teachings of the great Henry A. Wise,\\nit still lingered in Texas, and that party and all the isms were", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "206 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nfighting, as they have ever done, the Democratic party, so that it\\nmade the canvass interesting and somewhat heated.\\nI recall an incident that took place in Madison County while\\nI was addressing a large audience, with General Blake and Cap-\\ntain Whaley, my opponents, sitting on the stand. Whaley after-\\nwards commanded a fine company in the Confederate army,\\ncalled the Leon Eifles/ and died gallantly on the battlefield.\\nAn old man, rising up from his seat, called to me in a sten-\\ntorian voice Stop, sir, stop I complied with his request. He\\nwent on to tell me that I was an ingrate, a deceiver, a backslider\\nhow dared 1 come traveling over the country making war on the\\nKnow-Nothings, when I had before that traveled around the\\ncountry organizing lodges and persuading the people to join that\\nparty. 1 soon saw the drift of his charges and allowed him to\\ngive me a most terrible scourging, knowing full well that I\\nshould turn the occurrence greatly to my advantage and his com-\\nplete demolition. Upon his taking his seat I denied most em-\\nphatically every assertion he had made. He became very restive\\nat my denial. I then appealed to Blake and Whaley to sustain\\nme. They were Know-Nothings, and knew I was not. After\\nkeeping the old man on the rack for awhile, I explained that it\\nwas a brother of mine who had allowed himself to be drawn into\\nthat party with so many other good Democrats, and then de-\\npicted my love for this brother and his love for me, and 3^et how\\nhe had, as I said, sneaked in without telling me a word of it,\\nknowing my animosity to all secret political parties, and that it\\nwas about the only step he ever took in his mature life without\\nconferring with me. The old man was completely demolished\\nand entirely reconciled when I got through, admitting that he\\nhad been, as he expressed it, fooled into that crowd himself.\\nWhile on this canvass,. A. P. Wiley, Esq., a lawv^er of note and\\na fine speaker, residing at Huntsville, Walker County, visited\\nseveral points with me. In hastening to Huntsville, at which\\nplace speaking was to take place the next morning at a barbecue,\\nnight overtook us amid the pines and tall trees near there.\\nA stranger to the road myself, Wiley was the guide. At that\\ntime considerable milling was done near the town, and he drove\\nour horse into a mill road. We floundered about through the\\ntimber from road to road. It was very warm an August day.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK 8 MEMOIRS. 207\\nWe had gone through an exciting day; both of us had made\\nlong speeches, and then we were badly lost in the woods. Wiley\\nwould get out of the buggy, examine the road, get in, and\\nstart again. Upon getting in the buggy after quite a trot in\\nthe road, fatigued, the perspiration rolling off him, he turned\\nto me and said in the most plaintive manner Lubbock, we\\nare doing a deal of hard work, undergoing great hardships\\nand trials for Buchanan do you think he will ever hear of it\\nI replied, It s all right; we are working for the Democratic\\nparty.\\nApropos of this, after Mr. Buchanan was elected I visited\\nWashington City. Our Senator Wigfall gave me an opportunity\\nto see the President, and said to him: I wish to introduce to\\nyou a Texas friend of mine. No man in that State labored more\\nearnestly in your election, and I wish to say he desires nothing.\\nMr. Buchanan shook me by the hand and appeared quite amazed\\nat the announcement, saying, It is really strange that your\\nfriend wants nothing. I know he was glad to see a good Demo-\\ncrat that time.\\nIn this canvass the Democratic speakers had clearly the inside\\ntrack, pleading for equal rights to all, without regard to reli-\\ngious belief or nationality. Besides, the Democratic party was\\nthe annexation party in the United States, and Texas had been\\nalmost a unit on that question. The opposition speakers could\\nnot hold their own on the issues presented, and Texas went Dem-\\nocratic by twelve or fifteen thousand majority.\\nThe Know-Nothing party in the presidential canvass of 1856\\ncarried only one State little Maryland.\\nIts first national canvass was its last. The party then sunk\\ninto oblivion. Even General Houston s great name was not able\\nto give respectable vigor in Texas to a party whose tenets were\\nso abhorrent to the ideas of free government cherished by the\\nDemocracy and the American people at large. Its memory was\\nso unsavory that many Know-Nothing leaders the very next year\\n(1857) denied all connection with that party until it was proved\\nup on them. General Houston himself ignored poor old Fill-\\nmore, and set himself down in the canvass of 1857 as being a\\nJackson Democrat and as having always been one, as if Jackson\\nDemocracy was identical with Know-Nothingism. The general", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "208 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nhad, however, prepared himself for this change in his Independ-\\ndence letter of 1855, in which he claimed, in substance, that\\nWashington and Jackson were Know-JSTothings. He had also\\nsaid at Rusk, ten days before coming to Austin, that modern\\nDemocracy proposed no remedy against papal influence; that\\nthe Whig party had lost its identity, and that there was only one\\nparty to which the American people could look for governmental\\nreforms and protection against threatening danger. To that\\nparty, he said, he looked with most sanguine expectations for our\\nbeloved country to be redeemed from its perilous condition, and\\nin that connection expressed the opinion that the time was rap-\\nidly approaching when Americans must govern America, or our\\ngreat efforts for freedom prove a failure.\\nAs to the general s identification with Know-Nothingism, Col.\\nJno. S. Ford, himself a strong Know-Nothing, editorially says\\nin the Texas State Times of January 19, 1856 General Hous-\\nton has evinced a moral courage in his defense of the American\\nparty and its principles which his enemies would not have ac-\\ncorded him. The party has had no more eloquent, fear-\\nless, and powerful advocate than General Houston. His speeches\\nhave told with effect upon the masses.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0248.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 209\\nCHAPTER TWELVE.\\nWaco Convention and Its Nominees, Runnels and Lubbock vs. Houston\\nand Grimes Candidates for Congress Canvass for the State Ticket\\nReagan and Evans Difficulty Various Incidents Complete\\nDemocratic Victory.\\nThe Democratic State convention of 1857 met at Waco in the\\nBaptist Church on May 14th. There were ninety-three counties\\nrepresented and two hundred and fifty-four delegates present.\\nM. D. Ector was called to the chair.\\nAdolphus G. Weir was elected president of the convention,\\nand M. D. Ector, S. Holland, Sam Bogart, and J. W. Dancy vice\\npresidents.\\nA. B. Burleson and Thos. P. Ochiltree were appointed ser-\\ngeants-at-arms, and R. T. Brownrigg, R. W. Raine, and H. P.\\nPatrick secretaries.\\nAt request of the convention, F. R. Lubbock assisted the sec-\\nretaries, and W. F. Weeks acted as reporter. On request, Hon.\\nLouis T. Wigfall, of Harrison, made a speech on State Rights\\nand the Strict Construction of the Constitution. It was quite\\nable and it was loudly applauded.\\nNat Terry, of Tarrant, offered a resolution pledging the dele-\\ngates to support the nominees with zeal. After various amend-\\nments to the same, and Chilton and myself had made warm\\nspeeches in its support, some conciliatory remarks were made by\\nT. N. Waul and L. T. Wigfall, and Geo. W. Paschal offered this\\nsubstitute Resolved, that this convention will support no per-\\nson as a nominee for any oflfiee or place of trust unless fully satis-\\nfied by his acts and declarations, or the assurance of his friends\\nto the convention, that he is fully united with the Democratic\\nparty upon all the issues now existing between them and their\\nopponents, and that such nominee will abide the decision of this\\nconvention and support all the nominees with zeal and fer-\\nvency. This was adopted without opposition on the approval of\\nthe platform committee. This was but a reiteration of my reso-\\nlution of 18.5G.\\nThe platform committee, consisting of Ashbel Smith, A. J.\\n14", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0249.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "210 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nHamilton, J. B. Eobertson, T. N. Waul, W. B. Ochiltree, L. T.\\nWigfall, J. A. Wharton, G. W. Chilton, Nat Terry, C. Upson,\\nand B. Burleson, reported, favoring the adoption of the Cincin-\\nnati platform and the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions of\\n1798-99 on national issues, without defining a State policy at\\nhome.\\nAn effort was made to offer a State platform with a hanking\\nclause to be submitted as a constitutional amendment to the peo-\\nple, but it was tabled.\\nThere was some fun in nominating the Commissioner of the\\nGeneral Land Office. The convention, was really anxious to\\nnominate Capt. Stephen Crosby, the incumbent of the office, and\\nwithout doubt one of the most popular officers and men in the\\nState. He, however, had strayed off from the Democratic party\\nand joined the Know-Nothings. The convention was well aware\\nthat if he was not their nominee he would run on the Houston\\nticket, adding to that ticket great strength. He was put in nomi-\\nnation by Dr. J. M. Steiner, a good and true Democrat. He too\\nhad been one of the estrays. Objection was made to the nomi-\\nnation unless some one was authorized by Captain Crosl)y to put\\nhim before the convention and pledge him to the action of the\\nconvention. Delegate after delegate addressed the chair, explain-\\ning how he was led into the Know-Nothing party. Finally, Dr.\\nSteiner, having paid close attention to the various reasons as-\\nsigned, addressed the chair Mr. Chairman, I was a Know-\\nNothing. T have examined the Constitution of the United States\\nand the statutes at large of the United States I have carefully\\nread the Constitution of the State of Texas and the laws of\\nTexas, and nowhere do I find that a man is punished for being a\\nd n fool. No one ventured further to assign reasons.\\nSo Crosby was shelved by the operation of my rule, and he\\ncontinued with the independents, as was expected.\\nThere was no trouble in putting out a straight Democratic\\nticket.\\nH. R. Runnels, of Bowie, M. T. Johnson, of Tarrant, Geo. W.\\nSmyth, of Jasper, and A. M. Lewis, of Washington, entered the\\nlists for Governor. On the first ballot Mr. Runnels led with\\n64 votes out of 143 in all. The name of Mr. Smyth was with-\\ndrawn previous to the seventh ballot. After the seventh ballot", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0250.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "l^UBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 211\\nthe names oi Johnson and Lewis were withdrawn, and H. E.\\nRunnels was unanimously declared the nominee of the conven-\\ntion for Governor.\\nFor Lieutenant-Governor, F. R. Lubbock, of Harris, and F. M.\\nWhite, of Jackson, were put in nomination. On the first ballot\\nF. R. Lubbock received 88 votes and F. M. White 47 whereupon\\nWhite s name was withdrawn and Lubbock was nominated by\\nacclamation. The result did not surprise me, as I had good back-\\ning at home and abroad.\\nFrancis M. White was nominated for Commissioner of the\\nLand Office over Giraud, of Bexar, and Dr. Ross, of Rusk.\\nC. R. Johns received the nomination for Comptroller, and\\nC. H. Randolph that for Treasurer.\\nMr. Runnels was a man of fine abilities, though no orator, and\\nwas not without considerable political experience. Coming from\\nMississippi to the Republic in 1841, he engaged at once in cotton\\nplanting on Red River. Subsequently entering public life, he\\nrepresented his county (Bowie) four terms in the Legislature,\\nand became Speaker of the House in the Pease administration,\\nfulfilling its duties quite creditably. He was of medium size,\\nprobably five feet eight inches in height, florid complexion, with\\nlight hair and gray eyes.\\nThe only objection to Runnels was his apparent unfriendliness\\nto railroads.\\n2 2 From minutes of the Harris County convention, February 21, 1857:\\nResolved, that the suggestion of the name of our fellow-countryman,\\nFrancis R. Lubbock, for the office of Lieutenant-Governor, coming as it\\ndoes from various parts of the State, is a well-merited compliment to\\nan honest and able Democrat, who is and ever has been true and relia-\\nble, and that said suggestion meets our warm and cordial approbation,\\nand should he receive the nomination it will be ratified at the polls by\\nthe cordial support of the Democrats of Harris.\\nThe Harrison Flag having announced that the name of Hon. F. R.\\nLubbock would probably be presented to the Waco convention for the\\noffice of Lieutenant-Governor, closed a sketch of his life with this\\ncompliment: Lubbock has been throughout a consistent, zealous, and\\nunfaltering Democrat, a man of fine business qualities and intelligence,\\nand universally popular with those who know him. Ed.\\n2 \u00e2\u0096\u00a05 To illustrate this opinion, the editor quotes this extract from the\\nInteUUjencer of May 13th: Whatever may have been heretofore want-\\ning in the zealous advocacy of the only feasible means of building rail-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0251.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "212 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThe congressional convention for the Western district met at\\nWaco immediately on the adjourmnent of the State convention.\\nThe Hon. Guy M. Bryan was nominated as the Democratic can-\\ndidate for Congress over Ham. P. Bee, M. M. Potter, and A. P.\\nWiley.\\nOf the nominee, the Intelligencer (newspaper) editorially\\nsaid: Colonel Bryan has grown up with the coun-\\ntry s growth and strengthened with its strength. He has served\\nhis representative and senatorial districts in both branches of our\\nState Legislature with honor. He has never been a violent par-\\ntisan, but is a decided Democrat.\\nColonel Bryan, the nephew of Stephen F. Austin and the\\nworthy successor of ex-Governor Bell in Congress, was born in\\nMissouri in 1831, came to Texas in 1831, graduated at Kenyon\\nCollege, Ohio, the classmate of R. B. Hayes (afterward President\\nof the United States), was a Pierce and King elector for the\\nState at large in 1852 and delegate to the National Democratic\\nconvention at Cincinnati in 1856.\\nThe convention for the Eastern district met at Tyler on May\\n13, 1857. General Taylor, of Cherokee, was the chairman, and\\nThos. P. Ochiltree, G. W. Chilton, and Judge Cantley, secre-\\ntaries Judge Jno. H. Eeagan,-* after a sharp contest, was nomi-\\nroads, by the chosen candidate for Governor is fully made up by the\\nuniform and fervently zealous advocacy of these measures by the can-\\ndidate for Lieutenant-Governor, F. R. Lubbock. This gentleman, from\\nhis local position, reflects the railroad spirit of the State. His earnest\\neloquence and great firmness will make him a successful advocate upon\\nthe stump. As president of the Senate he would have a casting vote,\\nand like Dickson, he will use it on the side of progress. His more im-\\nmediate connection with the Legislature will give him much influence.\\nBut why say more? His new relation satisfies everybody and makes\\nhis accomplished opponent, Frank White, the happiest fellow in the\\nworld.\\n8* Judge Reagan was born in Tennessee in 1818; came to Texas in\\n1839; first engaged in surveying, then represented his district accepta-\\nbly in the State Legislature, and afterwards became district judge.\\nAfter two terms in the United States Congress, became Confederate\\nPostmaster-General, then member of United States Congress, United\\nStates Senator, and finally chairman of the Texas Railroad Commission.\\nJudge Reagan has. together with his national reputation, long enjoyed\\na pre-eminence among the statesmen of Texas.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0252.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 213\\nnated,, beating Malcolm D. Graham, Lane, Pendleton ]\\\\Iur-\\nrah, and Geo. W. Smyth. Before the balloting, the two-thirds\\nrule was adopted, but after twenty or more ineffectual ballots, on\\nmotion of Judge Brooks, of San Augustine, the majority rule\\nwas restored, and the nomination was made on the next ballot.\\nJudge Eeagan, when notified of his nomination, was holding\\ncourt at Kaufman, where he wrote his letter of acceptance to the\\ncommittee, J. I. Burton, M. D. Ector, Wm. M. Taylor, and Jno.\\nM. Crockett. Resigning his judicial office. Judge Reagan en-\\ntered at once upon the canvass, beginning with a speech in his\\nhome count}^, at Palestine, early in June.\\nThe Travis County Democratic convention met at Austin two\\ndays after the State convention to ratify the nominations of the\\nWaco convention and to elect delegates to the judicial convention\\nat Lockhart and delegates to the floatorial convention at Bastrop.\\nS. G. Sneed was the president, and John Marshall, A. G. Weir,\\nand J. C. Tannehill vice-presidents, and P. DeCordova and Wil-\\nliam D. Patten secretaries.\\nGeo. W. Paschal moved that the convention ratify all the\\nnominations and the platform adopted by the State convention\\nat Waco, and that all those taking part in the convention pledge\\nthemselves to support the candidates with fervency and zeal and\\nthe motion carried.\\nFrom the earnestness with which Mr. Paschal pushed my test\\nresolution through various conventions, I had great confidence in\\nhis Democracy at the time.\\nOld Sam in the Field Under this head, two days before\\nthe Waco convention, was announced in the Huntsville Uecorder\\nthe independent candidacy of General Houston for Governor.\\nThe Know-Nothing party having been killed off the previous\\nyear, the general now claimed to be a Jackson Democrat and that\\nhe had always been one, as if it had been possible that a Jackson\\nDemocrat could advocate Know-Nothingism as he had but re-\\ncently done. Houston had a wonderful knack at explanation, but\\nit was hard to see how he could explain his late political change\\nof front.\\nThe convention at Waco had been most harmonious, and when\\nseparating, every delegate realized that there would be work to", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0253.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "214 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ndo, as General Houston and his friends would make herculean\\nefforts to beat the ticket nominated.\\nIt was well understood that our nominee for Governor would\\nnot attempt a thorough canvass. He might visit some localities\\nin a quiet way, but he would not make speeches. Although he\\nhad been Speaker of the House of Representatives and was then\\nLieutenant-Governor, and recognized as an able legislator and\\nintelligent man, he was not a popular speaker.\\nMy friends expected me to make a thorough canvass, and I\\npromised to do the best I could for our ticket.\\nIn a very few days after the adjournment of the convention my\\narrangements were made, and I resigned the office of district\\nclerk of Harris County. My wife and I left our ranch, riding\\nin a light Rockaway drawn by a pair of horses. A negro boy on\\nhorseback went along to care for our team.\\nMy first speech was made at Lynchburg, in Harris County;\\nsecond and third in Liberty County, low down on the Trinity\\nRiver. We had no railroads or telegraph lines, so that the ap-\\npointments had to be sent forward by mail. From day to day\\nwe jogged along, stopping at the county towns, generally about\\nthirty miles apart, the roads at times being very rough and in\\nwet weather very boggy, and in places at times almost im-\\npassable The speaking in a general way was made immediately\\nafter a noon dinner. It then, in most instances, required us to\\nleave the town and travel that afternoon from ten to twenty\\nmiles according to circumstances, so as to be on hand the next\\nday in time to speak again at noon.\\nNothing of much interest occurred until we reached Sumpter,\\nTrinity County. It was then a small, unpretentious county seat.\\nRiding up to the hotel we asked for a room, which was supplied.\\nUpon inquiry of the landlord, he informed me that he had not\\nlearned that I was to speak there, and knew nothing of it. With-\\nout taking time to wash my hands or brush the dust from my\\nclothing, I hastened down to the public square. I was a perfect\\nstranger to the place and people. In passing along the main\\nthoroughfare I noticed quite a number of persons in front of a\\nbuilding. I crossed over the street and walked up to the crowd.\\nIn a moment I took in the situation and felt satisfied there would\\nbe no offense taken, and so I remarked I am from a long and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0254.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 215\\ndusty travel, am tirod, and feel like taking a drink. Walk in,\\ngentlemen, and join me. The entire party walked in. After\\nrefreshing ourselves, I said I have come to make a speech. I\\nam F. E. Lubbock, the Democratic candidate for Lieutenant-\\nGovernor. They responded by saying, We understand that,\\nand have come in from the country to hear you. Well, said I,\\nthe landlord told me that he had heard nothing of it; that he\\ndid not know anything of any Democratic speaking to take\\nplace. No, they said, of course he knew nothing, for he is a\\nmean old Know-Nothing, and would not have told you even had\\nhe known.\\nI excused myself and started for the hotel, flattering myself\\nthat I was to have it all my own way. Being somewhat of a\\nnovice in political speaking, I was not particularly desirous of\\nencountering any of the big guns of the opposition. Before pro-\\nceeding many yards, however, I met one of their best men, a par-\\nticular friend of mine, Col. A. T. Branch, then the district attor-\\nney of that district, and subsequently a member of the Confeder-\\nate Congress. He informed me that he was there by request to\\ncanvass a few counties with me in the interest of General Hous-\\nton. We at once arranged for the speaking after dinner, he to\\nmake the opening speech, I to reply; he to rejoin, and I to close.\\nHe took the stand at the appointed time. He was a good, forcible,\\npleasant speaker, and quite well posted. It must be borne in\\nmind that the people of Texas were then as now overwhelmingly\\nDemocratic, so that the opposition to the Democratic nominees\\nwould take the ground that they were as good Democrats as the\\nregular convention Democrats that, however, they were not col-\\nlar Democrats, and so they claimed the right to be independent,\\nto vote as they pleased, and that in supporting the independent\\nticket, with Sam Houston at its head, they were entitled to\\nDemocratic votes, and they should not be held responsible because\\nthe old Whigs, Know-Nothings, and others voted their ticket,\\nlooking to reforming and checking the abuses of the Democratic\\nparty. It was not surprising to me that my friend Branch, know-\\ning that his audience was largely Democratic, should make an\\northodox Democratic speech hence I attempted to show in my\\nreply that, while he laid down very good Democratic doctrine and\\ngave very good advice to the Democracy, he was not the proper", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0255.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "ai6 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nparty from whom we were to receive instruction, and 1 proceeded\\nat once to attack his political record by charging that he was a\\nWhig in Virginia that upon his advent into Texas he subscribed\\nfunds for the purchase of powder to celebrate the victory of Gen-\\neral Taylor, the Whig candidate for the presidency, over our\\nDemocratic candidate. General Cass; that he had voted against\\nthe Democratic party whenever an opportunity presented; and\\nfinally, that he had drifted into the Know-Nothing party, and\\nhence could not be relied upon to teach what was for the good of\\nthe Democratic party. He was paralyzed by my reply, for he\\ncould see that those people rejected him as a teacher. After the\\nspeaking we talked over matters in a friendly way. Branch said\\nI was unfair in treating of his former political record that I\\nshould have relied upon political principles. I replied by saying:\\nBranch, you are a fine lawyer and an able debater. I deemed it\\nentirely legitimate for me to break the force of your arguments\\nby showing if I could that you were not a safe counsellor for the\\nDemocrats that you were a Democrat to make capital for the\\nKnow-Xothings and that was the most effective method for me\\nto block your way.\\nWe next went traveling in company to Crockett, Houston\\nCounty, one of the counties in his judicial district. Very much\\nthe same program was carried out there, and the same line of\\nspeaking. After the speaking was over. Branch said to me I\\nam tired of this canvassing I am doing no good my business is\\nsuffering, and so good-bye. I will go home.\\nI am reminded of an occurrence at Woodville, Tyler County,\\nwhich was quite encouraging to me. During my speech a good-\\nlooking man walked up to the stand and said I w^ant to tell\\nyou that T have been voting against the Democrats all my life.\\nFrom this day on I am witli you. Your speech has convinced me\\nthat I have been on the wrong side.\\nAfter visiting several counties, speaking daily, I reached\\nNacogdoolies, the old home of Gen. Sam Houston, where he had\\nmany lifelong friends and earnest supporters. I dreaded the\\nordeal here. Some of my warm friends and supporters were\\nalso supporting General Houston, and while through the entire\\ncanvass T ever spoke respectfully and kindly of him, just as I\\nfelt, I was of course compelled to show w^hy Democrats could not", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0256.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 217\\nconsistently vote for him. Maj. E. W. Cave, then a very young\\nman, an editor of a paper published at Nacogdoches, and after-\\nwards Governor Houston s Secretary of State, replied to me, and\\nfor one so young in politics he proved himself a very able debater.\\nI found him a foeman well worthy of my steel, and he kept me\\nwell exercised. He has since made quite a reputation, not only\\nas an excellent business man but as a most accomplished speaker.\\nMy next appointment was at Mount Enterprise, Rusk County.\\nI was exceedingly anxious to reach this point in time. There was\\nconsiderable opposition to our ticket, and a large Know-Nothing\\nelement at that box. The day before Mrs. Lubbock was taken\\nquite ill. Dr. Starr, at whose home we dined, a very dear and\\ngood friend of ours, had given Mrs. L. medicine, and decided\\nthat she could not continue the travel that day. There was no\\nalternative but to submit and fail to keep the Mount Enterprise\\nappointment. There was no way to send notice, so that I retired\\nat night bowing to the circumstances. About midnight my wife,\\nafter having a refreshing sleep, called to me, saying: I feel\\nvery much better. I know how it will put you out to miss your\\nappointment to-morrow; so we had better try to make it. I told\\nher it would be impossible to fill it unless we started as soon as it\\nwas light that it was thirty miles over a very rough, wooded\\nroad, and I feared she was not well enough to attempt the trip.\\nShe insisted that she was equal to it and that we must go. I im-\\nmediately called our boy Washington, and told him to give the\\nhorses more feed and have them harnessed and ready, as we\\nwould leave as soon as we could see our way out of the town. We\\nwere up and left promptly. The road was sandy and full of shin-\\noak roots, and we had a rough ride. With all my pushing it was\\n4 o clock p. m. when I arrived. Others had spoken, and some of\\nthose living at a distance were leaving the courthouse as I en-\\ntered. I took the stand at once and made my speech, just saving\\nmy appointment, which enabled me to meet the next one, and so\\non. Mrs. Lubbock was not sick again, and I did not fail in an\\nappointment from May until the end of the canvass, in August.\\nI had in truth and in fact a helpmeet God bless her\\nIt was in this canvass that I became quite intimate with the\\nHon. John H. Eeagan and learned to admire his ability and to\\nappreciate his sterling worth and integrity. He was canvassing", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0257.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "218 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nhis district for Congress in company with his opponent, the Hon.\\nLemuel 1). Evans, the then member. I joined tliem and can-\\nvassed man} of the counties in their district. Tliis was a great\\nadvantage to me, for they were experienced in canvassing and\\nwere men of ability. I learned much of Federal politics from\\nthem, as well as State issues. It also gave me an opportunity of\\nmeeting many more people for great interest was taken in their\\ncanvass. Judge Evans represented the Know-Nothing party,\\nclaiming to be a Democrat, and was fighting against the Demo-\\ncratic ticket and supporting the Houston or independent ticket.\\nJudge Reagan was running as a straight Democrat and support-\\ning the nominees of the Waco convention consequently I was of\\ncourse opposing Judge Evans. He endeavored in all of his\\nspeeches to make it appear, and so charged, that Reagan and\\nRunnels, the democratic candidate for Governor, and their party\\nfavored all extreme measures and were really in favor of opening\\nup the African slave trade. He was so persistent in charging\\nthat we were in favor of disunion and the slave trade that it be-\\ncame quite an annoyance. It was known that Evans at the time\\nfavored a call for a Southern convention and was quite extreme\\nin his views as to all Southern questions, and had written a letter\\nin which he urged the calling of such a convention and solicited\\nfrom the Legislature an appointment as a delegate. While we\\nwere at Marshall it was ascertained that Maj. J. M. Clough had\\nsuch a letter, received by him while he was a member of the Leg-\\nislature. A committee of gentlemen waited upon the major and\\nexplained the necessity of using that letter to show Judge Evans\\nformer position and present inconsistency. The major said it\\nwas a personal letter, and he doubted the propriety of giving it\\npublicity. Our friends contended that it was a great public con-\\ncern; that he, Evans, was making war against our side and at-\\ntempting to fasten upon us what he had himself urged, and we\\nmust break tlie force of his assertions or perhaps be misrepre-\\nsented by him in Congress. The major yielded and placed the\\nletter in the possession of Judge Reagan.\\nA few days subsequently Judge Evans, at Jefferson, went\\nthrough his usual tirade, charging Reagan and the Democratic\\nparty with the hatching of the Southern convention and being\\nthe satellites of Wigfall and others favoring the slave trade and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0258.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 219\\ncherishing a determination to dissolve the Union. Reagan, in\\nreplying, took the Clough letter from his pocket and read it.\\nEvans sat absorbed, and for a long while did not notice that\\nReagan was reading his (Evans production. When nearing the\\nclose, however, he seemed to realize that it was his convention\\nletter, and upon Reagan s conclusion, when he asked the people,\\nWho do you suppose, fellow-citizens, wrote that letter? and\\nturning upon Evans said, As Nathan said unto David, thou art\\nthe man, Evans arose to his feet, pulled out his six-shooter,\\nand denounced Clough for giving up a private letter and Reagan\\nfor using it. Reagan also had his six-shooter out and replied to\\nEvans remarks by saying Judge Evans, let s put up our six-\\nshooters; I do not wish to kill you, and I do not intend to be\\nkilled. I want to go to Congress, and I am going there. You\\ncan imagine the excitement all this created in the audience, for\\nit was large. Some one was struck on the outside of the crowd,\\nand it seemed a general row would take place. I addressed the\\npeople, I supposed in a conservative manner, endeavoring to quell\\nthe tumult, and thought I was a genuine peacemaker at any rate\\nthe multitude dispersed and there was no bloodshed.\\nNext morning the Know-Nothing paper came out, gave an ac-\\ncount of the speaking, and stated We had intended comment-\\ning upon the speech of F. R. Lubbock, the Democratic candidate\\nfor Lieutenant-Governor but he is a mountebank, and his con-\\n2 5 This was Judge Reagan s version of this affair to the editor in\\n1898: While I was speaking on the stand at Jefferson a young man\\nhanded me a letter, saying that it was sent by Mrs. Clough for my\\nuse. I took and saw it was the letter from Evans to Clouge. After\\nreading it carefully, I waited till Evans finished his usual tirade against\\nthe secessionists and nullifiers; and, rising with the letter in my hand,\\nI told the audience that for the sake of argument, I would admit that\\nHenderson, Wigfall and Mills were secessionists, nullifiers, firebrands,\\netc., and that I wished to read them a letter on the subject of the Nash-\\nville Convention where these men had acted so badly. From the read-\\ning of the letter to the people, it appeared plainly that the writer\\nexpressed a wish to go to the Nashville Convention himself as a dele-\\ngate, whether by appointment or otherwise, and that, too, in company\\nwith sece.ssionists, disunionists, nullifiers, firebrands and agitators.\\nNow who was the writer of this letter? said I; and turning to Evans\\nI pointed to him saying, As the prophet Nathan said to King David,\\nThou art the man. Whereupon Evans drews his pistol, etc.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0259.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "220 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nduct was so outrageous that we will not give him further notice.\\nThis of course left me in a very unenviable light, conveying as it\\ndid the idea that I had acted while in Jefferson in some dis-\\nreputable way while I thought my behavior was most excellent,\\nand had really been somewhat instrumental in keeping down\\nserious trouble.\\nThe editorial in question, however, proved entirely harmless,\\nalthough productive of some amusement, for on our arrival at\\nGilmer, in Upshur County, they had read the charge to mean\\nthat I was a montehank, dealer, in other words, a gambler, as\\nthis Mexican game of cards meant. This gave me an opportunity\\nto set myself right -as a moral young man who never gambled at\\nany game, and also to tell the story of my first and last game of\\npoker for money, the day I landed in Texas.\\nThe canvass now continued with less acrimony, for Judge\\nEvans had to eliminate from his set speech the Southern conven-\\ntion and his charges against Reagan and his friends as extremists.\\nA laughable affair occurred in Collin County. We had made\\nspeeches at McKinney and left there for Piano, also in that\\ncounty; Judge Evans tarried on the way, but said he would be\\nwith us at Piano to supper. Judge Reagan and myself arrived\\nin good time supper was served Judge Evans did not put in an\\nappearance bedtime came, and still he was absent. We of course\\nconcluded he had stopped on the route with some friend. Next\\nmorning, while we were at breakfast, the judge appeared, a very\\nfagged-looking man. His explanation was, that in crossing one\\nof the deep dry creeks or ravines between McKinne^ and Piano,\\nit being very dark, he followed the ravine instead of the road,\\nbecame bewildered, and remained out all night. We joked him\\nsaid it was a bad omen; that he would be going up Salt River\\nvery soon. And such was the case for he was beaten by Judge\\nReagan.\\nAfter leaving these gentlemen I continued my canvass, re-\\ngretting, however, to part with them, for we had a good, jolly\\ntime, and Mrs. Lubbock enjoyed traveling in pleasant company.\\nMany incidents happened of an amusing character, and a few\\nhairbreadth escapes from upsetting of vehicles and other mishaps\\ncaused by rough roads, crossing streams, and stopping at rough\\nplaces.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0260.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 221\\nI visited during my canvass about one hundred counties, con-\\ntinued in the field until the day of the election in August, made\\na speech every day except Sunday, and never was sick a moment\\nor missed an appointment. Judge Grimes, my opponent, did not\\ncanvass; he was on the Houston ticket. French Smith made a\\nfew speeches; he was independent of all, receiving but a few\\nvotes.\\nThis canvass gave to me my very extensive acquaintance in the\\nState, so that I found my second canvass light and pleasant as\\nin contrast with the first, and further to recompense me for my\\nunremitting toil, I received the largest vote polled, gaining the\\nhearty indorsement of the party. In the midst of my labors in\\nEast Texas, I received from the chairman of the State Demo-\\ncratic committee the following letter, and, responding to his sug-\\ngestions, I made an active campaign in the counties referred to.\\n[Private.] State Central Committee Eoom.\\nAustin^ Texas, 17th July, 57.\\nFranh R. Lubbock Dear Sir: It is urgently demanded\\nthat you visit Hill and such other counties in that vicinity as\\nyou can at the first practicable moment. Matters are in a dis-\\ntracted condition, and you alone can heal them. The demand\\nfor you is solicitously made, and I do hope that you will be able\\nto comply with it.\\nBe assured that your course in the east has been regarded with\\nfeelings of approval and delight by thousands in the west, alid\\nit is a proud achievement for you to say that. I have been ap-\\nplied to by Democrats from various counties above to request\\nyou to come and address them. The word is always, Send\\nLubbock by all means.\\nDo by all means leave Houston County and go up to Hill.\\nYours truly,\\nJohn Marshall.\\nThe Waco ticket was elected by a large majority.\\nFor Governor, Eunnels received 32,558 votes, and Houston\\n23,628 for Lieutenant-Governor, Lubbock received 33,399 votes,\\nand Jesse Grimes 20,318.\\nAs to the canvass of 1857, Houston vs. Democracy, Eunnels", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0261.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "222 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nafterwards said The news of the action at Waco had scarce\\ntranspired when the name of a citizen prominent on tlie rolls of\\nhis country s fame was announced in opposition, and a canvass\\nactually begun, the most remarkable perhaps in the annals of\\npolitical warfare. The celerity of the movement, the electric\\nrapidity with which its intelligence was communicated, and the\\nalacrity with which it was indorsed by the entire opposition, fur-\\nnishes the most indubitable proof of the preconcerted design to\\ndistract and if possible to destroy the identity of the Democratic\\nparty. Happily, the effort failed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0262.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 223\\nCHAPTER THIRTEEN.\\nThe 7th Legislature Election of United States Senators The Inau-\\nguration and Addresses of Runnels and Lubbock The Message\\nEstablishment of the University of Texas Joint Resolutions\\nFrontier Protection Debates and Debaters \u00e2\u0080\u0094Resolutions in Memo-\\nriam Stockdale and Bob Taylor Incident\u00e2\u0080\u0094 State Convention of\\n1858 Democratic Mourners Bench and Repentant Sinners.\\nThe Seventh Legislature convened at Austin, Novtmber 3,\\n1857.\\nThe Senate was called to order at 10 a. m. on that day by H.\\nR. Runnels, Lieutenant-Governor and ex officio president of the\\nSenate.\\nThe following new senators, presenting their credentials, were\\nadmitted to their seats James W. Throckmorton, A. G. Walker,\\nMalcolm D. Graham, R. H. Green, T. N. Waul, M. M. Potter,\\nGeo. B. Erath, E. B. Scarborough. Forbes Britton, Isaiah Pas-\\nchal, C. C. Herbert, and A. C. Hyde.\\nThe hold-over senators Avere James M. Burroughs, John Cald-\\nwell, Jesse Grimes, Elisha E. Lott, H. E. McCulloch, W. H.\\nMartin, S. A. I\\\\laverick, S. A. Pirkey, Jonathan Russell, M. D.\\nK. Taylor, Robert H. Taylor, W. M. Taylor, C. C. Shephard, and\\nL. T. Wigfall.\\nJas. F. Johnson was elected secretary R. T. Brownrigg, assist-\\nant secretary Thos. P. Sanford, assistant secretary Stephen\\nCumming, engrossing clerk J. Pat Henry, enrolling clerk Wm.\\nA. Pitts, sergeant-at-arms L. M. Truitt, doorkeeper; A. M.\\nClare, assistant doorkeeper; Edward Fontaine, chaplain.\\nOrganization was perfected in the House by the election of the\\nfollowing officers\\nGen. Wm. S. Taylor, speaker; H. H. Haynie, chief clerk;\\nThos. P. Ochiltree, assistant clerk; W. L. Chalmers, assistant\\nclerk; Chas. Coney, engrossing clerk; Alf. Davis, enrolling clerk;\\nB. F. Parks, sergeant-at-arms; R. R. Robertson, assistant ser-\\ngeant-at-arms Thos. Rogers, doorkeeper T. P. Plasters, assist-\\nant doorkeeper Robert Cotter, messenger Judge W. F. Weeks,\\nreporter.\\nOne of the most notable incidents of the session was the elec-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0263.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "224 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntion of two United States senators, an unusual occurence, caused\\nby the death of Senator Rusk (before the end of his term) and\\nthe expiration of Houston s term. Eusk had killed himself the\\nprevious summer at Nacogdoches in a fit of despondency, caused,\\nit was said, by domestic troubles.\\nHouston was a candidate for re-election, but had been fighting\\nthe Democratic party for several years, and was therefore thought\\nnot to be a suitable man to represent a Democratic State like\\nTexas.\\nThe Democratic caucus before going into this election num-\\nbered twenty-two senators and seventy-three representatives.\\nThe condition of admittance was the indorsement of the Cin-\\ncinnati platform of 1856.\\nThe election came off at a joint session of the Legislature in\\nthe hall of representatives on the 9th of November. J. Pinckney\\nHenderson had a walkover as the successor of Rusk, his single\\nopponent, G. W. Smyth, getting only three votes.\\nThe struggle over Houston s seat was very serious, A. J.\\nHamilton, B. C. Franklin, M. M. Potter, E. M. Pease, W. S. Old-\\nham, W. R. Scurry, Anson Jones, and John Hemphill being put\\nforward by their friends as rival aspirants for the position.\\nThe race was mainly between Scurry and Hemphill. After\\nthe twenty-second ballot Wigfall withdrew Scurry s name, and\\nHemphill received the caucus nomination. He was subsequently\\nelected without opposition.\\nI was present as an onlooker when the elections occurred, and\\nin noting the unanimous way in which Houston was shelved\\nin this contest, a feeling of sadness came over me, from personal\\nregard for the man. After this, it could not be said that any\\nman s personality would count against principles with the\\nDemocracy in Texas.\\nThe inauguration of Governor Runnels and Lieutenant-Gov-\\nernor Lubbock took place in the hall of the House of Representa-\\ntives December 21, 1857. The hall was filled by 11a. m., and the\\nSpeaker, Gen. William S. Taylor, in his seat, with the president\\npro tem. of the Senate, M. D. K. Taylor, at his right hand, and\\nsenators occupying seats provided for them. The Governor and\\nLieiitonant-Governor were announced at the door. The whole\\naudience, says T. P. 0., Texas Republican correspondent, with", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0264.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 225\\none accord arose on the entrance of the distinguished ex-Gov-\\nernor and the Governor-elect with their suites. First came ex-\\nGovernor Pease, with the Governor-elect, Hon. H. R. Runnels,\\non his right then the Lieutenant-Governor-elect, Hon. F. R.\\nLubbock, with Chief Justice Hemphill and Judges Wheeler and\\nRoberts, followed by the inaugural committee. Ex-Governor\\nPease and Governor Runnels were seated on the left of the\\nSpeaker, while the Lieutenant-Governor and president pro tem.\\nof the Senate sat on his right, and the Chief Justice and two asso-\\nciates on the platform in front of the speaker s chair.\\nThe ladies were to be seen in every direction. Governor\\nPease made truly an admirable valedictory address,\\nand paid a well-merited compliment to the Governor-elect.\\nHe was listened to with marked attention, and loudly\\ncheered in conclusion.\\nThe Telegraph had this to say of the addresses of Governor\\nRunnels and myself Governor Runnels ascende^i the stand and\\nmade one of the finest addresses I have ever heard, the whole\\nchaste, elegant, and refined. On conclusion of the in-\\naugural address there went up from that vast audience such a\\ncheering as only a free people can appreciate.\\nLieutenant-Governor Lubbock then, in a short but eloquent\\nspeech, followed Governor Runnels his voice loud, clear, and\\ndistinct, his every feature apparently expressing his words and\\nthought. He also was loudly cheered, and well Frank deserves\\nit, for if ever a public servant deserved office from his fellow\\ncitizens, if ever, by a strict adherence to principle and honesty,\\nany man deserved the high position assigned him, it is Frank\\nLubbock.\\nOn assuming the chair as presiding officer of the Senate, I said\\nSenators I enter upon my duties as presiding officer of the\\nSenate with the consciousness of a want of experience in legisla-\\ntive proceedings, yet determined to devote whatever of capacity I\\nmay possess to their faithful and impartial discharge. The want\\nof parliamentary knowledge upon my part will be the more im-\\nportant from the fact that this honorable body has invariably\\nbeen presided over by gentlemen of large experience and\\nacknowledged ability. I am pleased to know that a majority of\\nthose over whom I am called to preside have served long and well\\n15", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0265.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "226 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nin public life and understand fully parliamentary law and the\\nrules of this body. To those I will look for aid and support in\\nthe proper discharge of my ojflficial duties. If honorable senators\\nwill give that assistance, which I have every reason to believe\\nthey will, I trust we shall be able to perform our labors faith-\\nfully, pleasantly, and for the advancement of the public good.\\nIn his inaugural address, the Governor had to notice the over-\\nshadowing question of the day, that of Northern supremacy and\\nwhat it meant for Texas and the South generally.\\nIt was clear that the North would soon dominate the Union,\\nand it seemed equally clear that, from Northern hostility to\\nslavery, we could have no peace in the Union.\\nAs to the evil and the remedy. Governor Runnels, among other\\nthings, said Year by year the South is becoming weaker, the\\nNorth growing stronger. That equilibrium has been destroyed\\nwhich afforded the only sure and permanent guarantee of protec-\\ntion against abelition innovation. Should this proposi-\\ntion be decided in the negative, I do not hesitate to believe that\\nthe determination of Texas will be taken to assume the guardian-\\nship of her own destinies and bid adieu to a connection no longer\\nconsistent with the rights, dignity, and honor of an equal and\\nindependent State. For, while disruption would be a great ca-\\nlamity, it is not (as Mr, Jefferson says) the greatest that could\\nbefall us there remains one yet greater submission to a gov-\\nernment of unlimited powers. Under these apprehensions, pru-\\ndence would dictate that our house should be set in order and due\\npreparations made for the crisis. No reasonable efforts\\nshould be spared to secure that military organization and train-\\ning indispensable to the liberties of every free State.\\nThere is now left but one reasonable hope for preserving the\\nUnion and maintaining the rights of the States in it, and that is\\nupon a rigid adherence to a strict construction of the Federal\\nConstitution. A liberal course of policy should be pur-\\nsued to insure the organization of volunteer companies, in press-\\ning forward to an early completion of the work of internal im-\\nprovement indispensable to the wants of commerce and agricul-\\nture, and again, in disseminating information among the masses\\nthrough the medium of our system of education.\\nIn the course of his remarks Governor Runnels alluded to and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0266.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 237\\nseverely censured the course then being pursued by Robert J.\\nWalker, Governor of Kansas, who, by betrayal of official trust\\nand usurpation of authority, was seeking to make Kansas, nolens\\nvolens, a free State that is, free for everybody but Southerners\\nwith their property.\\nIn former years Walker had served as United States senator\\nfrom Mississippi, and, as such, was the first to offer a motion for\\nthe recognition of Texas independence. He was appointed Gov-\\nernor of Kansas by President Buchanan. In the civil war he\\nturned completely around in his politics and was so vituperative\\nagainst the South that a post bellum Texas Legislature decreed\\nthat a county which had been first called in his honor should\\nthenceforward be considered as named for Capt. Samuel Walker.\\nThe inaugural ball given in honor of Governor Eunnels oc-\\ncurred on the night of December 31, 1857, and was thus de-\\nscribed by one who attended\\nThe inauguration ball on the night of the 21st was a mag-\\nnificent affair. It came off at the capitol, the spacious hall of\\nthe House of Representatives being used for the dancing saloon.\\nThe attendance was large. About two hundred ladies were pres-\\nent, dressed with great taste, and among them many that were\\nbeautiful. The room was brilliantly lighted with the elegant\\nchandelier which adorns the house, the music was superb, and\\nwhen the gay company was set in motion the effect was well cal-\\nculated to drive dull care away.\\nIn his message the Governor called attention to the fact that,\\nnotwithstanding State aid to railroad construction, the building\\nof the roads had not inade satisfactory progress, urged that all\\nthose chartered should be held to a strict accountability, and op-\\nposed the further indiscriminate granting of charters.\\nIn accordance with executive recommendation, acts were\\npassed by the Legislature to take the census of the State, to\\nmake a digest of the laws, to authorize a geological and agricul-\\ntural survey of the State, and to establish the LTniversity of\\nTexas. Senator Wigfall cleared up the difficulty as to whether\\nthe framers of the original law on education meant one or two\\nuniversities, and showed conclusively they meant a university for\\neach sex, if necessary, and not two universities if both sexes were\\neducated together. This appeared in the able and eloquent re-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0267.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "238 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nport he made to the Senate as the committee chairman. The\\nHouse report for one university was presented by P. W. Kittrell,\\nits leading advocate there. George W. Chilton contended for two\\nuniversities, while A. B. Norton did not want any, but preferred\\nthe common schools. The chief opposition was in the House.\\nBut the bill finally passed providing for one university and a\\nboard of ten administrators for its control. When its location\\nwas determined by law, the construction of buildings was to\\nbegin. Besides setting apart the fifty leagues of land granted to\\nthe university in the original educational act of 1839, the Legis-\\nlature voted $100,000 for the establishment of the university,\\nand set apart for it every tenth section of all the land granted to\\nthe railroads. But the next Legislature, needing money to re-\\ndeem the pledges made by Houston in the canvass of 1859 for\\nbetter frontier protection, appropriated all the university endow-\\nment for that purpose, to be repaid when convenient, without\\ninterest. Nor was this all. The same Legislature the next year\\nin special session appropriated, to pay their own per diem, the\\nuniversity cash in the treasury.\\nIn a series of joint resolutions the Legislature asked the\\nUnited States government, through our senators and representa-\\ntives in Congress, to give us a regiment of mounted men as an\\nadditional guard to the frontier, and to reimburse Texas for\\nwhat she had spent in her own defense and authorized the Gov-\\nernor to call into the State service 100 men for six months, or\\nas long as the safety of the frontier might require; and in the\\nevent of the failure of the Federal government to give us ade-\\nquate protection, to call out any number of men necessary to pro-\\ntect the settlers from Indian depredations.\\nIn another joint resolution Congress was asked to establish\\nthe Overland Mail route to California through Texas. Our\\nsenators and congressmen were also urged to press the impeach-\\nment of Federal Judge John C. Watrous, to ask for a military\\npost on upper Red River to overaM^e the Indians in that quarter,\\nand for the removal of the Indians west of the Pecos to the reser-\\nvation prepared for them in the Indian Territory.\\nIn answer to the special message on affairs in Kansas, the Leg-\\nislature, in recognition of the fact that the rights of slaveholders\\nwere not respected in that territory, authorized, by joint resolu-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0268.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 229\\ntion, the Governor to order an election for seven delegates to\\nrepresent Texas in a convention of the slaveholding States,\\nshould one be called to consider the question of the equality of\\nsuch States in the Union. And, in anticipation of early trouble,\\nit was also enacted that all uniformed military companies in the\\nState should be placed in condition for active service.\\nThere were many interesting debates on various subjects,\\nnotably the State University, the Alamo monument, and the\\nMexican ^cart war; but what interested me most was the de-\\nbate on frontier protection, in which I took an humble part.\\nThis was the only occasion in which I left the chair for a tilt on\\nthe floor. And I had the good fortune to see enacted what ap-\\npeared to be a good law for the protection of the frontier. The\\nprominent speakers were Louis T. Wigfall, Henry E. McCulloch,\\nC. B. Shepard, J. W. Throckmorton, M. D. K. Taylor, Malcolm\\nD. Graham, R. H. Guinn, M. M. Potter, Geo. B. Erath, Sam A.\\nMaverick, Robert H. Taylor, Jonathan Russell, and Isaiah Pas-\\nchal.\\nAmong the notable debaters in the House were Geo. W. Chil-\\nton, A. B. Norton, and Messrs. Price, Crawford, Kittrell, Hart,\\nWaelder, and Jennings.\\nCortina gave us some trouble on the Rio Grande, but the main\\ndifficulty was with the Indians on the Brazos reservation. Fre-\\nquent outrages were reported, and excitement rose to a fever heat\\namong the whites on that frontier. The Governor finally suc-\\nceeded in inducing the Federal authorities to remove the Indians\\nout of the State, and pending their removal sent military com-\\npanies under Capt. John Henry Brown to prevent further depre-\\ndations. But it was too late; Runnels had lost. the confidence of\\nthe settlers.\\nResolutions of sorrow on the deaths of Gen. Jas. Hamilton\\nH. G. Runnels, senator from Harris ex-President Anson Jones,\\nand Rev. Daniel Baker (founder of Austin College at Hunts-\\nville), were adopted by this Legislature.\\nGeneral Hamilton was drowned at sea on his way to Texas.\\nEx-President Jones perished by his own hand, shooting himself\\nat the Capitol Hotel in Houston, the act being the culmination\\nof a long period of physical suffering and mental despondency.\\nThe resolutions on the death of General Hamilton were offered", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0269.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "230 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nby Senator Wigfall and supported by a speech of wonderful elo-\\nquence. He said in part His death is a calamity not only to\\nthe nation and his own State, but also to the State of Texas. He\\nwas the bold and powerful advocate of Texas in her dark and\\nbloody struggle with Mexico. When the heroic spirits of 36\\nwere treated with opprobrium and as having forfeited all claims\\nto the fraternal regard of the people of the United Sates, he then,\\nin his place in the Senate of South Carolina, with thoughts that\\nbreathed and words that burned with living fire, repelled the im-\\nputations on the purity and honor of our motives, and, in the\\nlight of such eloquence and truth, gave such elevation to our con-\\ntroversy as to challenge the admiration of the world, and to\\nchange indifference into friendship and enthusiasm.\\nMr. Kittrell, on offering resolutions of respect to the memory\\nof Eev. Daniel Baker, said among other things His death, sir,\\nwas a beautiful commentary on his life. When his physician s\\nskill failed and the solemn truth burst upon him that in a few\\nminutes he must die, he calmly and peacefully folded his arms\\non his breast, and said, Lord Jesus, into Thy hands I commend\\nmy spirit. Thus, sir, the spirit of this great and good man, on\\nthe very incense of hope, faith, and prayer, was borne to the\\nbosom of his Heavenly Father. Sir, let gentlemen vaunt their\\ncobweb system of infidelity, but give me that pure\\nsystem of Christianity which will enable me, when the last mo-\\nments come, to calmly and quietly consign my spirit to Him who\\ngave it as did our friend.\\nWhile Lieutenant-Governor many questions of great import-\\nance were before the Senate. I, however, having no vote unless\\nin case of a tie, took but little part in their determination. Fur-\\nthermore, I did not care to become partisan, as I might be called\\non at any time to give a casting vote, and the body was almost\\nentirely Democratic.\\nThe all-absorbing question, the Kansas and Nebraska bill in\\nthe United States Congress, was quite an exciting issue at\\nthat time with us. I recall rather an amusing incident in the\\nState Senate. A discussion was going on touching this question,\\nand the debate became very warm, F. S. Stockdale, represent-\\ning the Southern view, and the irrepressible Bob Taylor, known\\nas Comanche Bob, from Fannin County, upholding the squat-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0270.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 231\\nter side. Taylor concluded he would perpetrate a joke on Sen-\\nator Stockdale. He offered an amendment. Stockdale was en-\\ngaged and was paying no attention to Taylor s amendment. Tay-\\nlor called for a vote. Stockdale got up hurriedly and objected\\nmost vociferously to the amendment, whereupon Taylor asked\\nthat the amendment be read again; that the senator was not\\naware of what his amendment was; that he knew him to be a\\ngood Democrat, and he had just copied his amendment from the\\nDemocratic platform adopted at Cincinnati. Stockdale could\\nonly reply that it was safe to object to anything coming from the\\nsenator from Fannin.\\nThe question of frontier protection was always prominent.\\nWhile this subject was before the committee of the whole, I ven-\\ntured, as I had a right to do under the Constitution, to ventilate\\nmy views, supporting the proposition for an adequate appropria-\\ntion regardless of what the United States government might do\\nin the premises, and insisting that, it having failed to give ade-\\nquate protection, it was the duty of the State to take the matter\\nin charge for the proper defense of onr people and soil.\\nI felt assured, and I was proud of the fact that when the Leg-\\nislature adjourned they went home satisfied with my course and\\ndetermined to support me for another term.\\nIn the meantime General Houston and his friends had not\\nbeen idle. They had been all the while endeavoring to belittle\\nthe administration of Governor Runnels. They made war espe-\\ncially on his frontier policy and his want of information in deal-\\ning with our Indian troubles. General Houston determined that\\nno effort should be left untried to capture the government at the\\nnext election, and that he would be an independent Democratic\\ncandidate, thus gathering many old-time Democrats into his fold\\nand every element opposed to the Democratic party. He builded\\nwell, as the sequel will show.\\nThe Democratic State convention at Austin, January 8, 1858,\\nwas called to order by John Marshall, chairman of the State\\ncentral committee, in the hall of representatives. M. D. K. Tay-\\nlor, of Cass, was chosen president, and C. B. Shepard, M. P. Nor-\\nton, W. S. Oldham, M. T. Johnson, and John Marshall, vice-\\npresidents.\\nThe secretaries were P. De Cordova, W. L. Chalmers, E. F.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0271.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "232 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCalhoun, H. H. Hajnie, Jolm T. Harcourt, of Fayette, J. H.\\nTorbitt, of Johnson, and Levi Pennington, of Williamson.\\nThese were nominated For Chief Justice, E. T. Wheeler, of\\nGalveston, by acclamation; Associate Justices, Constantine W.\\nBuckley, of Fort Bend, over P. W. Gray, T. J. Jennings, T. N.\\nWaul, Geo. Moore, and J. W. Henderson; Attorney-General,\\nMalcolm D. Graham, of Rusk, over James Willie, G. W. Chilton,\\nS. H. Morgan, R. S. Gould, and Turner Comptroller, C. R.\\nJohns, of Travis, over Shaw and Johnson; Treasurer, C. H.\\nRandolph, of Houston, over James H. Raymond and E. B. Scar-\\nborough.\\nAll the nominees were elected except Judge Buckley. Judge\\nJames H. Bell, who then claimed to be a Democrat, came out as\\na candidate against Buckley and attacked his record with such\\nsuccess as to defeat him at the polls. A good illustration this\\nthat a Democratic nomination does not in every instance elect a\\nman to office. Bell was said to have been the first child born in\\nAustin s colony.\\nIn line with old-time Democratic principles the convention\\nResolved, That we recognize the right of the people of all the\\nterritories, including Kansas and Nebraska, acting through the\\nfairly expressed will of the majority of actual residents, and\\nwhenever the number of their inhabitants justifies it, to form a\\nConstitution with or without domestic slavery, and to be ad-\\nmitted into the Union upon terms of perfect equality with the\\nother States.\\nThe State Democratic committee were: J. W. Dancy, A. M.\\nLewis, S. S. Smith, P. Murrah, 0. C. Hartley, S. H. Morgan,\\nA. J. Hood, H. B. Nichols, A. C. Hyde, B. McCluskey, D. M.\\nPrendergast, Somers Kinney, Wm. Smith, Nat Terry, R. T.\\nPosey, C. Upson, Wm. H. Hardeman, J. W. Throckmorton, E.\\nM. Pease, and D. C. Dickson.\\nThe Cincinnati National Democratic platform and State plat-\\nform of Waco were reaffirmed as to the principles embodied in\\nthem, and especially the doctrine of non-intervention in the terri-\\ntories.\\nAs this principle was now threatened in the North, this body\\nrecommended a convention of Southern States, to which dele-\\ngates from Texas should go, appointed by the Governor on the\\nauthority of the Legislature.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0272.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 233\\nGen. T. J. Chambers offered a resolution to withdraw from the\\nUnion in ease of hostile congressional action on slavery in Kan-\\nsas, but it was tabled.\\nIt was desirable to get back into the Democratic ranks the men\\nwho had wandered off among the Know-Nothings, and on mo-\\ntion of our distinguished Mexican statesman, J. A. Navarro, who\\nhad not a little sly humor in his make-up, the convention re-\\nsolved, that the doors of the great temple of Democracy be now\\nthrown open, and that all repentant sinners be invited to come\\nback, confessing their sins, and be readmitted into the fold of the\\nfaithful. This was at a special night session, and a great com-\\nmotion ensued when it was announced that the doors of the great\\nDemocratic church were now open to honest backsliders.\\nLoud was the cry from all parts of the house and boisterous\\nthe shouts of the jubilants as the special friends of the mourners\\nset out in search of them. In a few minutes the stamping and\\nclapping became almost deafening, certainly indescribable, when\\nthe first mourner was led up to the stand by Senator Wigfall\\nand Gen. Andrew J. Hamilton. In obedience to cries of Down\\nin front the crowd gave way sufficiently to enable us to see the\\nmeek and contrite spirit thus led up like a lamb to the slaughter.\\nThe light of the chandeliers could not sufficiently give the locus\\nin quo of the soft and musical voice that in response to shouts\\nfor McLeod McLeod addressed our fellow Democrats. As\\nvoices were heard to utter responsive sentiments, shouts and\\ncheers went up, calls on members to be seated went round, and\\nthe wall echoed back the call for the mourner to get upon the\\nclerk s desk to climb higher, so that the ladies could see him.\\nAlways responsive to woman s call, like the gallant soldier and\\nchivalrous gentleman that he was. General McLeod mounted\\nhigher and gracefully turned round to address the president,\\nwho had become suddenly transmogrified from Dr. Taylor to\\nJ. M. Clough, and as the convert recognized in the temporal\\nhead of the church an old friend and companion, amid the heart-\\niest applause, he unbuttoned his coat, and gracefully patting that\\nLittle round belly\\nThat shook when he laughed like a bowl full of jelly,\\nthus began his remarks", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0273.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "234 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nFellow Democrats I do not like the way that resolution of\\nyours reads. [Laughter, and a voice, That s right No,\\ngentlemen, I object to that as not being fair. That the doors\\nshould be thrown open is all right [laughter] but I object to\\nthat part that calls all of us who want to come in repentant sin-\\nners [cheers], and requires us to confess our sins [a voice,\\nGood, and loud laughter] before we can be admitted into the\\nfold. [Loud stamping, and the general s eyes twinkled like little\\nstars. He looked so chuck full of good humor that one M^ould\\nhave thought he was entirely at home, not one of the faithless in\\nthe house of the faithful.] Fellow Democrats, there are many\\nhonest-minded independent gentlemen who want to be with you,\\nbut will not bow the knee and come in under the resolution.\\n[Loud cheering, and a voice, Oh, yes they will, and They can t\\nhelp it. As for myself, I don t take back anything that I have\\ndone, and I don t intend to. [Cheers.] I am not a repentant sin-\\nner; your principles are mine, and I never had any other. Hear,\\nhear, and clapping throughout the house.] The North is now\\narrayed against the South. The President of the United States\\nneeds help now, and every Southern gentleman should be in-\\nvited in. Come up to the help of the Lord against the mighty.\\nI have read a section of the Waco platform, and if that ineans\\nDemocracy, then I have always been a Democrat. [A voice, But\\na d d long time finding it out, and I have not discovered it yet.\\nGentlemen of the Democratic convention who will swear by\\nthe Waco platform, every one who will be true to the South,\\ncome in then your convention can rely upon a united Texas and\\na united South.\\nIn great good humor with himself and with the appearance of\\na heart at ease with all the world, the general descended the steps\\namidst a shower of applause.\\nMr. Wilcox then came forward. He announced in substance\\nthat the majority had decided against him, and that appeared\\nhis main reason for coming over. He had always been a Demo-\\ncrat (but mcli a Democrat). He, too, had never done anything\\nwrong, and had done nothing to apologize for. As a justification\\nof his conduct he plied the convention with his Know-Nothing\\narguments and with a defense of General Houston.\\nCol. Robert H. Taylor, of Fannin, made the most sensible and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0274.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS, 235\\nconsistent confession. He had not come back to the Democratic\\nparty, he said, for he had never till recently belonged to it. On\\nthe contrary, he had fought it from his youth up. He remained\\nwith the Whig party as long as it had an existence, and when it\\ndied he joined the Know-Nothings, not that he had any particu-\\nlar love for Sam, but he had thought it the best trick to beat\\nthe Democrats. (He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.) He\\nhad been a latitudinarian, but he was now assured that the safety\\nof the South and the perpetuity of the Union required a strict\\nconstruction of the Constitution and a rigid adherence to the\\ndoctrines embraced in the celebrated Virginia and Kentucky\\nresolutions. [Cheers.] The Democratic party had adopted these\\nresolutions as their platform, and so long as it maintained that\\nattitude, he would stand by it. [Prolonged cheers.] There were\\nbut two parties in the country the Democrats and Black Re-\\npublicans. The Democratic party was the only organization that\\nhad any claims to nationality. If the Union was to be saved, it\\nmust be through that party. The American or Know-Nothing\\nparty was powerless for good. Its only tendency was to prevent\\nunion in the South. It was, therefore, a factious, disorganizing,\\nand mischievous party, and he besought all those who loved their\\ncountry to do as he had done, and to lay down their prejudices\\nupon its sacred altar.\\nBob Taylor was loudly cheered for this confession; but his\\nDemocracy soon withered away.\\nThe above facts are given as reported in the public prints of\\nthe day.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0275.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "236 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTER FOUETEEK\\nThe Ranch Again My Preparations for Raising Asiatic Poultry\\nThe Various Breeds Kept Separate Some Pleasure, but No Profit\\nto Me in the Business Government Importation of Camels in\\n1856-57 A Private Cargo at Galveston A Year s Experience with\\nthis Lot of Camels on My Ranch Items of Camel Life Mrs.\\nLooscan s Recollections of the Camels.\\nIn the early fifties a craze swept over Texas and the Union\\ngeneral!}^ for Asiatic poultry. Having determined to introduce\\nand raise some of the choice breeds of fowls from Asia, I made\\nelaborate preparations for their care and propagation by having\\nerected on my ranch a commodious chicken house 50x18 feet,\\nthree stories high, and conveniently subdivided for the different\\nbreeds. It was placed near the center of an acre lot, set out with\\nfig and plum trees, and inclosed with a high fence of cypress\\npickets. Painted white and surmounted by a cupola, this build-\\ning presented a creditable appearance to passers by, and sug-\\ngested anew to their minds that a live Yankee must be the owner\\nof the premises. When the preparations were completed, I set\\nout to New Orleans with a drove of beef cattle, intending, after\\ndisposing of them, to inquire into the foreign chicken market.\\nMy cattle sold, I found a French importer of Asiatic fowls and\\nsoon made a deal with him for a pair of Brahmas at $40 a pair,\\nof Dominicks at $30, and a pair of Shanghais at $20. I got them\\non my ranch near Houston in due time and without injury, and\\nthey were then installed in their respective apartments in their\\nbig new house. The Brahmas being the heaviest, occupied the\\nfirst story, the Dominicks the second, and the comparatively light\\nShanghais the third story. Each breed went out of its apart-\\nment in the house by a separate passway to a separate division\\nof the yard. Thus the different stocks, never mingling, were\\nkept pure. With all this care the chickens were very prolific, and\\nour stock at one time run up to fifteen hundred. Grain in their\\nhouse and plums and figs outside gave them the proper nourish-\\nment, and they had an excellent flavor when properly cooked,\\nespecially the younger ones. Our common chickens were all\\ndisposed of pretty soon after the arrival of the Asiatics, who in", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0276.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 237\\na year or two supplied oiir table abundantly with eggs and young\\nfowls. Our success in chicken raising, for Mrs. Lubbock took a\\nlively interest in the business, made me a sort of authority on the\\nsubject. Many came in person to see how we had succeeded in a\\nbusiness in which the majority had failed, and others made in-\\nquiries by mail.\\nThe subjoined is an extract from a letter on the subject I wrote\\nto my friend, Mr. Jacob De Cordova.^*\\nChickens of all descriptions do well in Texas, and so do all\\nother kinds of poultry. Although the introduction of the Asiatic\\nbreeds of fowls in this country has been considered one of the\\nhumbugs of the day, I feel that it has been highly advantageous.\\nMy experience teaches me that the larger description of fowls is\\nmore easily raised than the common barnyard kind. It requires\\nas good judgment in the selection of fowls as that of any other\\nstock. I, however, prefer the Dominicks, Shanghais, and\\nBrahma-Pootras, as they appear to be the most hardy, and pro-\\nlific laA^ers and excellent mothers. Care should be taken in se-\\nlecting fowls of good form, and by all means with short legs and\\nbroad backs. Many complain that the large fowls are always\\nlame. This is attributable in a great measure to want of care in\\n2 6 The editor calls attention to Jacob DeCordova s estimate of Lieu-\\ntenant-Governor Lubbock in his Texas:\\nFrank Lubbock has made himself. He never attended school after\\nthe age of thirteen, and of course has not a finished education; but he\\nhas studied men and things in practical life, and has an almost intuitive\\nperception of their merits. He observes closely and investigates\\npatiently, and his opinions, once formed, are openly and freely avowed.\\nHis politics has always been Democratic. Of Frank Lubbock s\\nqualities as a private individual of his domestic attachments and so-\\ncial relations, of his noble disposition, and generosity of character it\\nis needless for us to speak. All who know him appreciate him from the\\nRed River to the Gulf. He is emphatically a Texan, an old Texan\\n(though yet in the vigor of manhood), and has devoted himself from\\nearly youth to the interests of Texas, first as a feeble colony, striving\\nto be free, then as a Republic among the nations, and since as a State\\nof the Federal Union. There is no man more thoroughly identified\\nwith the whole of Texas, from its infancy to the present time, than\\nFrank Lubbock. And we venture to assert that no man has ever been\\nmore unanimously called by the people of Texas to a high official posi-\\ntion than Mr. Lubbock was at the last August election. To see the\\nman is to respect him; and to know him well is to love him.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0277.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "238 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nproviding them witli proper perches, which ought in no instance\\nto be at a greater height than eighteen inches from the ground.\\nBy attention to this point, you will seldom find your fowls lame.\\nOf course, I regarded my chickens as the genuine Democratic\\nstock, as I fancied that the roosters always crowed more lustily\\nafter the Democrats had carried an election.\\nI went into the Asiatic chicken business for a speculation, and\\nthe reader may be curious to know the result. Well, it was this\\nexactly I never sold an or a chicken during the whole time\\nI was engaged in the business, but we had a good time in living\\non them. Neighbors and friends from a distance would come\\nto see us and get, free of cost, a setting of eggs, and o thers would\\ncarry off a pair of chickens at the same price. I was in politics,\\nhad to be liberal, and suppose I got good pay in the long run.\\nMy motto now is, If you are in politics, don t try to raise fine\\nchickens for profit; if you are already in the business, keep out\\nof politics.\\nWhen my duties as Lieutenant-Governor did not call me to\\nthe capital, I stuck very closely to my ranch.\\nAt this period I had a strange experience in the stock business\\nwith a lot of camels intrusted to my care.\\nOld Texans recollect that under the auspices of the Hon.\\nJefferson Davis, then Secretary of War under President Pierce,\\na cargo of thirty or thirty-five camels were landed at Indianola\\nin the spring of 1856. After a short rest in that vicinity, they\\nwere driven up to San Antonio, and a few weeks later the herd\\nof camels went into permanent quarters at Camp Verde, sixty\\nmiles southwest of that city. They were in charge of Major\\nWayne, who tested with satisfactory results their capacity as\\nswift Imrdcn bearers. The next spring forty more, landed at\\nIndianola, joined the herd at Camp Verde.\\nIn the fall of 1858 a couple of ships, presumably British,\\nanchored at Galveston under suspicious circumstances. They\\nwere first thought to be slavers watching for an opportunity of\\nsecretly landing their human freight. But the ships turned out\\nto be laden only with camels; at least no evidence appeared that\\nthey had any African negroes aboard to sell as slaves. Happen-\\ning to be in Galveston at the time, I went to see the camels\\n(about forty in number), after they had been landed and penned.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0278.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\n239\\nMrs. Watson, an English lady, owner of the herd, was hunt-\\ning some reliable person to whom she might intrust its care\\ntill finally disposed of by sale or otherwise. I was intro-\\nduced as a proper person to the lady, and her agent, Senor\\nMichado. A few preliminaries once settled as to the extent of\\nmy obligations for their safety, I contracted with Senor Michado\\non satisfactory terms to assume the custody and maintenance of\\nthe camels when delivered at my ranch. Accordingly a steam-\\nboat was chartered, on which Michado brought the animals to\\nMy Arabs going to Houston.\\nthe mouth of Sims Bayou for delivery. The landing took place\\nin the presence of a crowd of spectators, among whom were Sam\\nAllen, Jules Baron (my brother-in-law), and myself. On find-\\ning themselves once more on solid ground, they showed\\ntheir high spirits by jumping, rearing, and frisking about like\\nsheep. Observing these capers, Baron remarked that he did not\\nbelieve that anyone could lasso a camel. Allen quickly affirmed\\nthe contrary, and finally bet Baron $10 that he could rope one\\nhimself. Allen mounted his horse, lasso in hand, and, with a\\nsharp swing, on the first trial threw it over the head of a large\\n!amel and brought him to the ground after a short struggle.\\nBaron, lately in from Louisiana, had not learned that Texans\\ngenerally accomplish what they undertake. Michado, with his", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0279.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "240 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS,\\noutlandish servants, Turks or Arabs of unpronounceable names,\\nconducted the camels to my ranch, a few miles distant. Here\\nthey were easily corraled in the pasture prepared for them.\\nThe camels once in my care, Michado returned to Galveston,\\nleaving the herd with the foreigners, whom I will call Arabs.\\nThe pasture had in it seventy-five acres or more, nearly all prairie\\nwith a small skirt of timber near the bayou, and inclosed by a\\nnew high staked and ridered fence. In addition to the grazing in\\nthe inclosure, there was given them every day large quanti-\\nties of cured hay, which they devoured at will. Every two or\\nthree days, when it was warm, they were taken out of the pasture\\nto water at a selected place on the bayou, to avoid bogging. In\\nwinter the intervals of watering ran up to four or five days. This\\nwas managed with so much care that only one or two camels\\nbogged at the watering place. These had to be drawn out of the\\nbayou by a yoke of strong oxen; for after several ineffectual\\nefforts to extricate themselves and getting down deeper in the\\nmire, they sank down quietly, with only a few mournful plaints\\nof distress, apparently resigned to their fate. And it was not\\nwithout some nursing and attention that they fully recovered\\nfrom their sad experience on being hauled out. While not being\\nperhaps so much of a water animal as the horse, the camel can\\ncertainly swim, as was demonstrated by some of this herd in\\nBuffalo Bayou. I remember of having lost but one from the\\neffects of bogging.\\nThe word camel is here used as generic, without reference to\\nits number of humps. The two-humped variety is said to have\\noriginated in Bactria, and is accordingly called the Bactrian\\ncamel while the one-humped species, coming as it is said orig-\\ninally from Arabia, is for that reason called Arabian. The drome-\\ndary, as tlie original term implies, is simply a racer. It is\\nalways of the one-humped or Arabian variety, as the Bactrian is\\ntoo heavy and clumsy for a courser of the desert. The Bactrian\\nis the most powerful and the better adapted to heavy burden-\\nbearing. They were extensively used for transportation pur-\\nposes by the allied armies in the Crimean war.\\nThe habitat of the camel is commonly supposed to be tropical,\\nbut camel land extends as far north in Asia as the fifty-second\\ndegree of latitude. Their favorite range is in the north temper-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0280.jp2"}, "281": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 241\\nate zone, as they suffer more from heat than cold, contrary\\nto the usual opinion on the subject. We had only about six or\\nseven Bactrians in our herd of Arabians.\\nThis herd did not seem to suffer from the cold in the winter\\nof 1858-9, though they had no protection but a skirt of timber\\non the north. The ration for each camel was eight or ten pounds\\nof hay each day in winter, when there was practically no grazing\\nin their inclosure. While specially fond of small grain, such as\\nwheat, barley, and oats, the camel when hungry will browse upon\\nalmost any kind of shrub with apparent relish. As to their\\npowers of endurance and traveling ability I had no ocular demon-\\nstration, but have been told, by those who knew, that they, on a\\npinch, can travel a week without food or water, carrying 300 or\\n400 pounds each, averaging twenty-five or thirty miles a day, and\\nthat the dromedaries, or the coursers of the desert, can travel\\nfifty miles a day with a burden of 150 pounds. While the gen-\\neral disposition of the camel is docile and meek, the males at a\\nparticular season of the year are very pugnacious, and sometimes\\nfight each other to the death. The camels in my charge appeared\\nhealthy and free from all disease, unless something on the skin\\nlike the itch might be so considered. During their year s stay at\\nmy ranch, besides the one lost in the bog, only two died, and that\\nfrom causes unknown.\\nThe camels were naturally a great curiosity for Texans, and\\nour neighbors, and people from a distance, flocked in to see the\\nstrange sight. The camels were quite obedient to their Arab\\nkeepers, kneeling and rising at word of command. In going to\\nHouston, six miles distant, the Arabs would ride a camel each,\\nand their entry and exit would always create a sensation among\\nthe people in town seeing them for the first time.\\nThis letter, from the widow of the late Maj. M. Looscan to\\nmy editor, explains itself:\\nHouston, January 29, 1899.\\nJudge C. W. Raines, Austin, Texas\\nDear Sir I am in receipt of your letter of recent date, re-\\nquesting that I write out my recollections of the camels once pas-\\ntured near Governor Lubbock s ranch on Sims Bayou.\\nI think it was in the summer of 1859 that about forty camels\\n16", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0281.jp2"}, "282": {"fulltext": "242 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nin charge of four or five Arabs were pastured on the south side\\nof the stream mentioned, at the distance of about a mile from\\nthe residence. In company with Ella Hutchins (now Mrs. Sea-\\nbrook Sydnor, of this city), John Bringhurst and Charley Gen-\\ntry, all of Houston, I drove over from Harrisburg to see the\\ncamels. We were disappointed, however, in our wish to have a\\nride on one of them, as the only gentle one was missing from the\\nherd. After a good deal of time spent, he was finally discovered\\nmired up to his breast in the mud of the bayou. All efforts to ex-\\ntricate him having proved fruitless, the ride was given up the\\nnext day a yoke of oxen succeeded in pulling him out, but the\\nstrain was so great the camel did not long survive.\\nSubsequently, when the camels were brought to Harrisburg,\\none of them was equipped with the peculiar pack-saddle com-\\nmonly used on these animals. It was covered with rugs or car-\\npets, and the shelf-like saddle on one side was occupied by a gen-\\ntleman friend and myself, while the other side was balanced by\\nanother gentleman. We rode for about three-quarters of a mile,\\nthe camel being led by an Arab who trotted on ahead, continually\\nencouraging the camel by ejaculations to which he seemed to\\nrespond. The long strides made a swinging, rough motion by no\\nmeans easy, but rapid, and when the ride had come to an end, in\\nobedience to command, the animal sank suddenjy upon his knees\\na headlong plunge for the riders would have resulted but for the\\nrapidity with which the whole came to a level on the ground.\\nI am, respectfully,\\nAdele J3. Looscan.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0282.jp2"}, "283": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 243\\nCHAPTEE FIFTEEN.\\nState Convention at Houston in 1859 The Platform Its Expansion\\nPlank\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tabling of African Slave-Trade Resolutions\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Nomi-\\nnees Congressional Conventions and Candidates Runnels and\\nLubbock vs. Houston and Clark Campaign Incidents Election of\\nUnited States Senator Houston Governor Financial Stress\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Fron-\\ntier Troubles State Convention at Galveston Resolutions The\\nDelegates to Charleston.\\nThe Democratic State convention of 1859 met in Houston on\\nthe 1st day of May, and was called to order by John Marshall,\\nchairman of the State Central Committee.\\nA. J. Hood, of Cherokee, was elected president over J. W.\\nDancy, of Fayette, by a vote of 196 to 135. L. M. Still, Ed.\\nWaller, Isaac Parker, and A C. Hyde were elected vice-presi-\\ndents, and P. DeCordova, E. E. Ewing, D. M. Short, and J. H.\\nTorbett secretaries.\\nG. W. Chilton, of Smith, moved that all proxies be admitted to\\nseats in the convention.\\nThe motion was voted down.\\nSeveral substitutes and amendments being offered, a lengthy\\ndiscussion ensued, and resulted in the adoption of resokitions\\nproviding that all regularly appointed proxies be admitted as\\ndelegates (adopted, on call of counties, by a vote of 163 to 153)\\nthat no proxy should be considered as regularly appointed where\\nthere was a delegate from the same county in the convention\\n(carried viva voce) fixing the basis of representation at one vote\\nfor every 100 Democratic votes cast in a county at the last pre-\\nceding election for Attorney-General, Comptroller, and State\\nTreasurer, taking the average vote for the above State officers\\nas the standard; and providing for a committee on credentials\\nto consist of one delegate from each county. Seventy-three coun-\\nties were represented. The total number of delegates and proxies\\namounted t(5 335.\\nOn motion of Mr. Chilton, of Smith, the chair appointed a\\ncommittee on platform, consisting of one from each judicial dis-\\ntrict, as follows: First, C. C. Herbert; Second, Geo. W. White;", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0283.jp2"}, "284": {"fulltext": "244 LUBBOCK S BIEMOIRS.\\nThird, J. D. Giddings; Fourth, E. L. Graves; Fifth, D. M.\\nShort; Sixth, John McClarty; Seventh, E. A. Pahner; Eighth,\\nC. N. Stanley; Ninth, G. W. Chilton, chairman; Tenth, F. S.\\nStockdale; Eleventh, A. C. Hill; Twelfth, T. P. Aycock; Thir-\\nteenth, Fourteenth, Fifteenth, E. T. Branch;\\nSixteenth, James H. Torbett; Seventeenth, J. L. Milam;\\nEighteenth, J. W. Speight.\\nThe platform, as submitted by this committee and adopted by\\nthe convention, indorsed the Cincinnati platform; expressed un-\\nshaken faith in the principles enunciated in the Virginia and\\nKentucky resolutions of 1798-99; readopted the Waco platform;\\ndeclared the Dred Scott decision to be a true exposition of the\\nConstitution asserted that territorial legislatures had no right to\\nexclude slavery from a territory and expressed opposition to the\\nadmission of States not having sufficient population for the elec-\\ntion of one representative. The sixth plank illustrates Demo-\\ncratic ideas on expansion at that period, and is given in full:\\nSixth That the Democracy of Texas are in favor of the acqui-\\nsition of Cuba, and that we regard its consummation as a meas-\\nure which self-protection imperatively demands, should be pro-\\ncured at the earliest possible time compatible with national\\nhonor.\\nSpeaking in support of this declaration, Hon. Matt Ward, one\\nof our United States senators, said The acquisition of Cuba\\nis a necessity. We must have it, and we will have it. Spain has\\nnot been insulted by the proposition to buy, and she is not going\\nto be insulted.\\nH. E. Eunnels was put in nomination for Governor by W. S.\\nDay, of Austin. The first ballot gave Eunnels 294 votes and\\nGregg 73. Eunnels nomination was then made unanimous.\\nJudge C. W. Buckley having nominated F. E. Lubbock for\\nLieutenant-Governor, on motion the nomination was made by\\nthe convention by acclamation.\\nCalled on for a speech, I made a short address, thanking the\\nconvention for their indorsement, and promising, as I\u00c2\u00abhad always\\nbeen a Democrat, to continue working in the same good cause.^^\\n37\\nLieutenant-Governor Lubbock being called for, took the stand\\nand made one of his thrilling and effective speeches. He was gratified to\\nbe indorsed by the Democracy of the Empire State. He would serve his", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0284.jp2"}, "285": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 245\\nChilton s resolution regarding the African slave trade and\\nPalmer s substitute were both tabled after a full and fair discus-\\nsion the former by a vote of 228 to 81, and the latter by a\\nunanimous vote.\\nThe Congressional convention for the Western district met at\\nHouston on the adjournment of the State convention.\\nGen. T. N. Waul, of Gonzales, having led John A. Wharton,\\nW. S. Oldham, and Abel Cunningham for several ballots, his\\nnomination was made unanimous by acclamation. A. J. Hamil-\\nton was his opponent on the Independent ticket. Hamilton had\\nbeen a prominent Democrat up to this time. He was a man of\\nability and a powerful debater, and his defection at this juncture\\nproved a great gain to the Independents. Still the* Democracy\\nhad no fears for Waul, who had ever proved an able champion\\nfor the party.\\nThe convention for the Eastern district met at Henderson,\\nMay 2d, and a small bolt occurred on a preliminary question.\\nThis, however, had no material effect, as the main body of the\\nconvention stood firm and renominated Judge John H. Eeagan,\\nwhose course in Congress had been entirely acceptable to his dis-\\ntrict and State.\\nIn a circular address to his constituents, the judge denounced\\nthe heresies of filibusterism and the reopening of the African\\nslave trade, and claimed to be a National Democrat, devoted to\\nthe Constitution and the Union, desiring no new tests of Demo-\\ncratic faith.\\nIn reply to an open letter from Montgomery, dated August\\n22, 1859, and signed by John M. Ward, Thomas Goree, and\\nthree others, Judge Reagan said, through the medium of a\\nsimilar letter, published in the public prints It is proper for\\nme to add that I make a distinction between old-fashioned\\nDemocracy and such Democracy as requires an adjective to de-\\nscribe its kind. And hence I have no sympathy with the free-\\nsoil Democracy of the North or the Southern-rights Democracy\\nof the South. They rest on different philosophies from it, and\\nparty with all his might. He was proud of being one of the standard\\nbearers. He had always been a Democrat and should always be, and\\nwhat power he had should be devoted to the good cause of Democracy.\\nTelegraph.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0285.jp2"}, "286": {"fulltext": "246 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nare as different from it as any other political creeds are different\\nfrom each other (the one resting on national patriotism, and the\\nothers on sectional bigotry, malice, and demagogy), and I would\\nnot, under existing circumstances, act with either of these sec-\\ntional parties or vote for any man belonging to them.\\nI am opposed to the reopening of the African slave trade, to fili-\\nbustering, to disunion per se, and the formation of a Southern\\nConfederacy, on one hand. I am, on the other, opposed to the\\nidea of a slavish devotion to the Union under a violated Consti-\\ntution.\\nJudge Reagan was opposed by W. B. Ochiltree, an able lawyer\\nand debater. A late convert from Whiggism and Know-!N othing-\\nism to Democracy, he had now abjured the faith and gone back to\\nhis first love, whatever that was. But he was not an opponent to\\nbe despised, as the canvass soon developed his capacity.\\nThe Independents charged on the Democracy the design of\\nreopening the African slave trade. The approximate unanimity\\nwith which the convention tabled a resolution barely squinting in\\nthat direction should have convinced all honest minds to the con-\\ntrary. Affecting, however, to believe the charge to be true, the\\nopposition newspapers kept up the accusation, as it was a win-\\nning card, the popular disapproval of such an abomination being\\nwell known.\\nA few weeks after the convention, Mr. Flake, editor of the Gal-\\nveston Union, in a letter to me on that subject, propounded a\\nseries of questions, to which I replied, June 25th, as follows:\\nIn answer to your first and second interrogatories, first. Are\\nyou in favor of or against the reopening of the African slave\\ntrade and second. Do you believe the law which declares the\\nAfrican slave trade piracy, constitutional? I beg leave to state\\nthat, in accepting the nomination of the Houston convention, I\\ndetermined to confine myself to the platform of principles enun-\\nciated by said convention. I approve of the action of said con-\\nvention in refusing to discuss or make the reopening of the\\nAfrican slave trade an issue, and shall not discuss the constitu-\\ntionality or policy of said measure.\\nIn answer to your third interrogatory, Do you believe that\\ncauses now exist which make a dissolution of the Union de-\\nsirable I say No. In answer to your fourth interrogatory, Do", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0286.jp2"}, "287": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 247\\nyou believe that our courts ought strictly to enforce the slave\\ntrade piracy law? 1 say that every law, until repealed or declared\\nunconstitutional, should be enforced by the courts of the coun-\\ntry.\\nOn the heels of my published letter to Flake came Governor\\nEunnels expression on the subject to John Marshall, chairman\\nof the State Executive Committee, as follows\\nI cheerfully reply to your note of to-day (June 27th) that I\\nfully indorse the sentiments of the Hon. F. R. JAibbock in his let-\\nter to F. Flake, Esq.\\nI am now, as I have ever been, for the Union under the Con-\\nstitution and the strict maintenance of the supremacy of the\\nlaws and I do not consider that there is any cause for a dissolu-\\ntion of the Union at this time.\\nEven these disclaimers did not stop the racket, which kept in-\\ncreasing during the canvass.\\nThere had been a strong feeling for a new State ticket. Many\\nof the best informed men on public sentiment declared that Run-\\nnels could not beat Houston in the coming race. In fact, no man\\nwith a record could resist Houston s assaults and, unfortunately.\\nRunnels frontier record had, through slander and misrepre-\\nsentations, already been condemned in the West. For this race\\na new man was needed who had the vim to attack Houston s\\nshaky political record and put him on the defensive. The African\\nslave trade accusation, though entirely false, we would have had\\nto carry anyway in dealing with such unscrupulons political ad-\\nversaries. Runnels, as before, did but little canvassing. He had\\nmany strong friends and supporters, but he was no match for\\nHouston in the art of capturing the masses. Besides, Houston\\ncreated great sympathy by his well-timed allusions to San Ja-\\ncinto, and he had many able and popular friends canvassing for\\nhim. So the political campaign of 18.^9 o]iened with the chances\\nevidently against the Democracy. I determined to make the best\\nfight possible.\\nPromptly appeared this card on time in all the anti-Demo-\\ncratic newspapers\\nAnnounce Sam Houston as a National Democrat, a consist-\\nent supporter of James Buchanan in his struggle with Black", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0287.jp2"}, "288": {"fulltext": "248 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nRepublicans and the little less dangerous Fanatics and Higher-\\nLaw men at the South, as candidate for Governor.\\nThis was a catchy card, well calculated to draw off the unwary\\nand Democrats with short memories. Old Sam was now out-\\nHeroding Herod in his devotion to Democracy. But the conver-\\nsion of the great Know-lSTothing leader was too recent to avail\\nhim much on that line.\\nIn his letter of June 3d to Geo. W. Paschal, who had lately\\nquit the Democratic party, Houston said\\nThe Constitution and the Union embrace the principles by\\nwhich I will be governed if elected. They comprehend all the\\nold Jackson National Democracy I ever professed or officially\\npracticed.\\nThe design of reopening the African slave trade was persist-\\nently charged upon the Democracy by Houston during the whole\\ncanvass, and that without any evidence. This was the independ-\\nent s keynote, supplemented by a cry for better frontier protec-\\ntion.\\nCol. Edward Clark, of Marshall, was my opponent on the\\nHouston ticket. We made an extensive canvass together, and I\\nwent over a great deal of country without him. I took in many\\ncounties on this canvass that I neglected in my first, particularly\\nin the west and southwest.\\nI commenced as low down as Montgomery, next went to Har-\\nris, visited nearly every county in East Texas, and traversed the\\ncountry beween the Brazos and Trinity rivers, speaking at all\\nthe principal points as far north as Dallas, then going on to\\nWeatherford, in Parker County. At that time this was on the\\nfrontier, subject to frequent Indian raids.\\nKnowing that Governor Runnels was not popular on the fron-\\ntier, I determined to give the border counties my particular at-\\ntention. On arriving at Weatherford, I was informed that the\\nprejudice was so great against him that no one would be allowed\\nto speak in his advocacy. I, however, had many warm friends\\nthere, some of them prominent business men. At the appointed\\ntime I repaired to the courthouse, and without ceremony com-\\nmenced my speech, to a good audience, by stating that I had\\ncome there to advocate the personal claims of no man, but to\\nspeak for the Democratic ticket that I knew I would be heard", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0288.jp2"}, "289": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 249\\nthat the people of the frontier were well aware that I had ever\\nbeen their friend, and had advocated on all occasions their ade-\\nquate protection. I was listened to in the most respectful and\\nattentive manner and was assured of their support.\\nLeaving Weatherford I went toward the Colorado. After trav-\\neling a distance of more than one hundred miles along the fron\\ntier, making addresses at the intermediate points, 1 arrived at\\nBurnet. After speaking there I desired to go to Llano, Gillespie,\\nand other exposed counties. It will be borne in mind that my\\nwife was also with me on this extensive and hard trip. I was\\ncautioned and told that it was not safe to proceed; that the In-\\ndians were making frequent raids into that country. Upon my\\npersisting in going, three young men offered to go with us:\\nAdam R. Johnson, now of Burnet Colonel Bradford, of Belton,\\nand Neil Helm, who I believe is dead. They accompanied me,\\nand while we encountered no Indians, there .were, they said,\\nplenty of fresh signs among others we discovered a beef with\\nan arrow recently shot into him. I am pleased to know that the\\nfriendships formed with those three young men were true, and I\\nhave had from that day, even to the present time, no warmer\\nfriends than the two survivors.\\nI had rather a queer but interesting time at Llano, then just\\nbeing built up. On my reaching there, I went into the lone store\\nhouse and inquired if they could direct me to the hotel, inform-\\ning them who I was and my object in visiting them. A gentle-\\nman in the store observed that there was no place to stop that\\nhe had a very humble home, and would be pleased to accommo-\\ndate us. I of course thanked him, and we drove across the river\\nand were given a small shedroom, built of three-foot boards, used\\nas a storeroom. I had lived in just such a house when I located\\nin Houston. We were made entirely comfortable and welcome,\\npassing a pleasant night. Next morning quite a number of\\npeople came in to hear the speaking, for it had been well adver-\\ntised, and I was to be met by a young lawyer, Mr. Posey, who\\npracticed law in that district. He was a warm friend of General\\nHouston, and supporting the opposition ticket. Before the\\nspeaking, and while in conversation with quite a number of per-\\nsons, all of whom were strangers to me, a large fine-looking fel-\\nlow inquired if I was kin to the Lubbocks at Houston. Not", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0289.jp2"}, "290": {"fulltext": "250 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nknowing the object of the question I parried a little and let him\\ngo on. He stated that, on landing at Houston from Tennessee\\nwith his family, he got into a difficulty with a bully on the wharf\\nabout his effects, and, to use his expression, we hitched. I\\nknew the man well that he hitched with, had soldiered with\\nhim, and he was known as Bully Smith. He went on to say\\nthat the crowd was with the bully as long as he appeared to\\nhave the best of the fight. As soon, however, as I commenced\\nputting in good licks they were for interfering. But a young\\nfellow then appeared, demanded hands off, and said: I have\\nbeen looking on, and now this stranger shall have a fair fight,\\nor I propose to take a hand. I soon conquered the bully. About\\nthis time the police had arrived, and we were marched up to the\\nstation. The justice of the peace said it was too late to go into\\nan investigation, and required bail for my appearance next morn-\\ning. The young fellow stepped up and stood my security that I\\nwould appear. Then, for the first time, I found that his name\\nwas Lubbock. When the case was called in the morning, Lub-\\nbock was there, and his testimony cleared me, without expense,\\nand I departed from the city of Houston. So, you know, I like\\nthe name. I then said to him That Lubbock is my brother,\\nnext to me. He then remarked: My name is McCoy. I am\\nthe sheriff of Llano County, and you can bet I am for Lubbock.\\nPosey opened the debate. I well recollect how he began. After\\npaying a compliment to the people of the frontier, he told them\\nI am to be followed by a man who, when he begins, you will\\nsee possesses an affidavit countenance, and I caution you not to\\nbelieve everything he tells you, for he is a politician and a can-\\ndidate for office. It was the first time I ever heard of an affida-\\nvit countenance, and I was pleased to understand that it meant\\nthe earnest, honest countenance of a man who believes he is tell-\\ning the truth.\\nWe had a pleasant and agreeable time, and I have never re-\\ngretted visiting that beautiful country, then wild and wholly\\nundeveloped, but now soon, I trust, to become a locality of great\\nattraction and importance, caused by the great wealth of her\\niron ores, her granite and marble quarries, and her delightful\\nand healthy location and climate.\\nFrom Llano I visited my German friends of Fredericksburg,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0290.jp2"}, "291": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 251\\nGillespie County, and then New Braunfels. At these points I\\nwas a very welcome visitor. Many of the citizens knew of my\\nactive canvass against the Know-Nothings, and they appeared\\nto appreciate the stand I had taken against that secret society.\\nI then proceeded to San Antonio. At this place we had a battle\\nroyal Clark and myself and the opposing candidates for Con-\\ngress, Gen. T. N. Waul and A. J. Hamilton Colossal Jack,\\nas he was called, in compliment to his big brain.\\nAfter leaving San Antonio we visited Segiiin. Here we had\\na big time; the people came from several counties to hear the\\nspeaking. I was particularly happy at this place. It was well\\nknown to all Texas that I had fought the Know-Nothings and\\nthat Clark had belonged to the order. Thus the Germans were\\nin sympathy with me and they invariably showed it at our speak-\\ning. Clark realized it at this place, and I was guilty of treat-\\ning him inconsiderately. While speaking, he would look at his\\nwatch frequently, appearing anxious for his time to expire.\\nWhile he was examining his watch I drew out mine and said:\\nColonel, you have twenty minutes yet to speak; do not hurry.\\nIf that is not sufficient, you can go on; it will make no differ-\\nence to me. It created quite a laugh and disconcerted him, and\\nhe sat down in less than five minutes. It was mean of me, for\\nClark was a very polite and elegant opponent. From this place\\nwe went to Austin and thence down the Colorado.\\nWhile I was on this canvass, the Palestine Advocate got off\\nthis yarn on me There is a good Joke told on Frank Lubbock,\\nour worthy Lieutenant-Governor. He has lately purchased two\\nfine but fancy horses of the calico stripe, and as he came up from\\nHouston he was taken for a bill sticker for a circus, and all the\\nlittle boys were asking him when the circus would be along, and\\nwhether his circus had any animals. He gave them the neces-\\nsary information, and report says, promised them all free\\ntickets.\\nI did drive a pair of spanking spotted horses on this canvass,\\nand who could blame the little fellows for taking me for the ad-\\nvance agent of a circus\\nAn amusing circumstance occurred at Cameron, in Milam\\nCounty, during our canvass. Colonel Clark invariably charged\\nthat I was an extremist, and he ventured at this place to go so far", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0291.jp2"}, "292": {"fulltext": "253 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nas to say that it was reported that I favored the reopening of\\nthe African slave trade, and that it had been whispered that\\nI had at one time imported negroes. In replying, I said that I\\nwas surprised that my distinguished opponent would venture on\\nsuch an assertion without being able to present some proof that\\nI would assure the gentleman and the people that I was not in\\nfavor of reopening the African slave trade that it was a slander\\nupon me; that, however, I would plead guilty to the charge of\\nhaving imported negroes; that I did so through a Yankee, and\\nobtained them from Boston, Massachusetts, and I would make\\na clean breast and tell them all about it now.\\nI have a ranch near Houston on the public road greatly trav-\\neled. ]\\\\Iy negro force is small friends ride up I wish to be po-\\nlite and hospitable, and frequently I have to call a servant from\\nimportant work, and quite often one was not to be had. So I\\nconceived the idea of having one negro that I could rely on,\\nand disclosing my plan to a friend of mine, he begged that I\\nwould get one for him, and I ordered two cast-iron negroes, so\\nthat he and I would have a boy at the gate at all times, day and\\nnight, to receive our visitors and take care of their horses.\\nFellow citizens, I assure you that these are the only two ne-\\ngroes I have imported, and turning to the colonel, I said You\\nhave been badly sold by some one I don t think you will bother\\nme any more with this charge. The effect of this could only\\nbe appreciated by those who witnessed it. The audience laughed\\nand yelled and screamed, and Colonel Clark thenceforth dropped\\nthe African negro from his program.\\nIn this second canvass for Lieutenant-Governor, at Lockhart,\\nin Caldwell County, Col. Wash Jones, then a candidate for the\\nState Senate, was also booked for a speech on the same day. Col.\\nJack Wilcox, one of the best speakers in the State, was there to\\nrepresent General Houston. We had a large gathering of the\\ncountry people. Colonel Wilcox made one of his very forcible\\nspeeches in support of General Houston, and had to a great ex-\\ntent the sympathies of the audience, particularly the ladies, who\\nwere out in large numbers.\\nIn speaking of Sam Houston s great services to the people he\\nwas very eloquent at times, and after saying many beautiful\\nthings, he concluded by telling the audience that, in after years.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0292.jp2"}, "293": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS 253\\nwhen the history of Texas is written and the school books pub-\\nlished for the children, the name of Sam Houston will appear\\nin every page of history and all through the school books for the\\nedification and instruction of the children. But, ladies and\\ngentlemen, said he, do you suppose that the name of little\\nDickey Runnels will ever appear on the pages of these books,\\nor that little Dickey will ever be heard of Of course the sup-\\nporters of Houston had a good laugh at this witicism at the ex-\\npense of little Dickey and his friends.\\nCol. Wash. Jones followed in one of his masterly efforts in sup-\\nport of himself for the State Senate, and also advocating the en-\\ntire Democratic ticket. On that day he well sustained his reputa-\\ntion as one of the ablest debaters and best informed men in the\\nState. He admitted that Sam Houston was a great man and a\\npatriot, and deserved well of the people but he went on to say\\nand prove that he had separated himself from the Democratic\\nparty, and consequently could not be supported by Democrats.\\nHe admitted that the name of Sam Houston would be conspicu-\\nous on the pages of history, and doubtless the school books would\\nhave his name emblazoned in large print for the benefit of school\\nchildren, and they would be taught to love and revere his mem-\\nory. But, Colonel Jones continued, I wish to say to Colonel\\nWilcox and you ladies and gentlemen, that history and school\\nbooks are presumed to be truthful, and when Colonel Wilcox says\\nthat little Dickey Runnels nam^e will not appear he is simply\\nslandering the historical writers and the authors of the school\\nbooks, for when they come to tell the truthful story they will\\nhave to write down that Hardin Richard Runnels was an able\\nlegislator, that he was Speaker of the House of Representatives\\nand Lieutenant-Governor of the State of Texas, and that he was\\nthe same little Dickey Runnels that beat the great and illus-\\ntrious Sam Houston for Governor of the State of Texas over nine\\nthousand votes.\\nNow, ladies, and gentlemen, will not the school children rise\\nin their seats and proclaim what a mighty man this little Dicke/\\nmust have been to have beaten Sam Houston for Governor nine\\nthousand votes.\\nAt the same speaking I had waited a long while for my time\\nto come. Colonel Wilcox, who made a very impassioned speech.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0293.jp2"}, "294": {"fulltext": "254 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nat times would quit the stand, walk down the aisle of the build-\\ning, counseling every one to support Houston, and would call\\nupon the ladies as they do at a camp meeting. (He had been a\\npreacher.\\nOn reaching the platform and before commencing my speech,\\nI poured from the pitcher that Colonel Wilcox had been using\\nwhat I supposed to be water, that I might moisten my lips. Upon\\ntaking a mouthful I at once discovered that it was the strong-\\nest white whisky. I stepped quickly to the edge of the platform\\nupon which I was standing, and spitting the stuff upon the floor,\\napologized to the audience by saying: I can not swallow that\\nkind of firewater, and I can now understand why my friend\\nColonel Wilcox has been so enthused, even, to making him de-\\nscend from the platform during his speech to get nearer the\\naudience Avith his eloquence.\\nBut in spite of all our efforts the Democratic ticket v/as beaten\\nfrom top to bottom, Houston getting 36,337 votes for Governor,\\nand Eunnels 27,900; Clark 31,458 for Lieutenant-Governor,\\nand Lubbock 30,325.\\nIt was an ably planned campaign by the enemy and well car-\\nried out but from start to finish the Democracy was on the de-\\nfensive about the frontier and the African slave trade.\\nWhile I was beaten in this race it was certainly quite flatter-\\ntering to me that the frontier country generally supported me\\nand that I ran several thousand votes ahead of my ticket, and was\\nonly defeated by a few hundred votes by my opponent. I had\\na good time, enjoyed the canvass, made thousands of friends,\\nand the men who supported me then have brought up sons and\\ngrandsons that have to this day been my friends and supporters.\\nI had been steadily in the canvass from May until August, and\\nafter the excitement was over my wife and myself, pretty well\\ntired out, sought rest at Kellums Springs, in Grimes County,\\nnear Navasota.\\nThe Eighth Legislature met at Austin on November 7, 1859.\\nI presided in the organization of the Senate. There was a tie\\nvote between two of my friends for secretary Sinclair, of Aus-\\ntin, and Tom Johnson, who lived elsewhere. I decided the con-\\ntest by voting for Tom Johnson, on the ground that all the offices,\\nor an undue share of them, should not be given to residents of", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0294.jp2"}, "295": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 255\\nthe capital city. As both were good men and good Democrats, I\\ncoiikl see no other way of deciding the matter. Tom highly en-\\njoyed my decision, as it saved him by the skin of his teeth.\\nIn his message, Governor Eunnels regretted the unsatisfactory\\ncondition of the frontier, and explained what he had done to\\nremedy the troubles at the Brazos agency, in which several re-\\nserve Indians were killed on the night of the 27th of December,\\n1858.\\nAfter Ijeing informed by Captain Eoss of further hostile\\ndemonstrations, said the Governor, I issued an address warn-\\ning the people in the neighborhood against any rash act on their\\npart.\\nAs a means for restoring quiet and quelling the existing ex-\\ncitement, I appointed a board of peace commissioners, consisting\\nof J. M. Steiner of Travis, Colonel John Henry Brown of Bell,\\nHon. George B. Erath, Capt. J. M. Smith, and Richard Coke,\\nEsq., of McLennan, with instructions, bearing date of June 6,\\n1859, to proceed to the scene of disturbance and to investigate\\nits causes, with authority, if expedient, to place a guard of one\\nhundred men around the reserve until such time as the Indians\\nshould be removed without the limits of the State.\\nTheir report discloses facts which go far to prove that our\\ncitizens were not without just cause of complaint, as much as\\nthe violent measures of redress adopted by them may be re-\\ngretted.\\nThe State government is in no manner responsible for the un-\\nfortunate and deplorable state of affairs on the frontier. The\\nremedy has not been within the reach of its authorities. I found\\nit a diflElculty, and perhaps the most serious with which I should\\nhave to contend, on coming into office. It has proved to be so,\\nand if it has been impossible for most obvious reasons to give\\nsatisfction, it has been for no want of the most faithful en-\\ndeavor to meet the difficulty. I am content to leave\\nthe further solution and management of this question to the Leg-\\nislature and the able gentleman who has been chosen to suc-\\nceed me.\\nIt only remains to add that Governor Runnels finally secured\\nthe removal of the reserve Indians to the Indian Territory by\\nMaj. Geo. H. Thomas, then commanding at Belknap. But even", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0295.jp2"}, "296": {"fulltext": "256 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthat did not give entire satisfaction, and Major Neighbors, the\\nIndian agent who had attended the Indians out of Texas, was\\nfoully murdered on his return home.\\nISTo one thinks of blaming Governor Runnels now for his\\nfailure to keep the peace on the frontier, no more than they think\\nof blaming Governor Houston for his failure to meet the ex-\\npectations. Runnels was simply the victim of misrepresentation.\\nAs D. B. Culberson in his bout with Mabry in the House ex-\\npressed it, You have impaled upon a halberd of slander the best\\nGovernor this State ever had.\\nThos. P. Ochiltree, correspondent of the Texas Republican,\\nwrote from Austin, November 13\\nGen. Sam Houston is in the city, stopping at Scott s Hotel.\\nHe was serenaded by a party of his friends yesterday evening.\\nHe responded in a short speech, after which Col. Ed. Clark and\\nHon. Eli Baxter addressed the meeting.\\nGen. A. J. Hamilton, member of Congress-elect from this dis-\\ntrict, starts to the Federal capital on the 18th inst. General\\nHamilton is a man of marked ability, but his views on Federal\\npolitics are not suited to a representative of a Southern State.\\nHe indorses Douglas throughout in his magazine article.\\nThe message of his excellency Governor Runnels meets with\\nuniversal satisfaction among the Democracy. His views upon\\nState policy (except as to the S. P. R. R.) meets with hearty ap-\\nprobation and support.\\nDr. M. D. K. Taylor, the Speaker-elect, is one of the finest\\npresiding officers I have seen, and universally popular.\\nI regret to say that Mr. Culberson (D. B.), from Upshur, in-\\ntends introducing a bill to abrogate or repeal the charter of the\\nSouthern Pacific Railroad Company.\\nFor the United States Senate, Colonels Wigfall, Ward, and\\nJohnson are the most prominent candidates. The names of\\nHons. L. D. Evans, M. J. Hall, Geo. W. Smyth, D. M. Graham,\\nand a few others are spoken of by their respective friends. Quien\\nsabe?\\nA new United States Senator was to be elected to fill the un-\\nexpired term of J. P. Henderson, deceased, as Matt Ward had\\nbeen appointed to act only till the meeting of this Legislature.\\nThe opposition, dreading the election of L. T. Wigfall, the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0296.jp2"}, "297": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 257\\nonly man who ever proved a match for Houston in debate, tried\\nto break a quorum and thus stave off his election, but in vain,\\nand then after balloting began interposed all manner of dilatory\\nmotions.\\nAt the appointed time for a joint session, on the 5th of Decem-\\nber, I appeared in the House at the head of the Senate and took\\nmy seat by invitation on the right of the Speaker, while the Sena-\\ntors were seated in the places prepared for them. A quorum ap-\\npeared on roll call, and nominations were made as follows\\nLouis T. Wigfall, of Harrison, by Senator Britten; Geo. W.\\nSmyth, of Jasper, by Senator Grimes; Matt Ward, of Cass, by\\nSenator Mabry W. P. Hill, of Harrison, by Senator Martin A.\\nH. Latimer, of Red River, by Senator Taylor (Bob),\\nThe balloting resulted as follows:\\nFirst. Second. Third.\\nWigfall 59\\nSmyth 25\\nWard 7\\nHill 6\\nLatimer 15\\nGraham 2\\nRoberts 6\\nSparks 1\\nJarvis\\nMorgan\\nMr. Wigfall having received a majority of all the the votes\\ncast, was declared elected United States Senator from Texas to\\nfill the vacancy occasioned .by the death of J. P. Henderson.\\nThe announcement of the result caused the wildest enthusiasm\\namong the Democrats and corresponding rage among the ad-\\nherents of Houston. The election of Wigfall, Houston s ablest\\nrival, to this office, showed clearly the ruling power in Texas.\\nTiumediately after his election Senator Wigfall addressed the\\nLegislature in substance as follows He was a Southern rights\\nman, a State s rights man, and a Democrat. The Democratic\\nparty stood by the Constitution. It fixed itself upon it in the\\ndiscussion of every question. Slave property was entitled to pro-\\n17\\n59\\n60\\n23\\n13\\n5\\n1\\n6\\n4\\n20\\n26\\n1\\n1\\n5\\n12\\n1\\n1", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0297.jp2"}, "298": {"fulltext": "258 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntection in tlic territories, because all property under the Consti-\\ntution of the Union was entitled to protection. And he would\\nsay that if it was ascertained that a people of a territory would\\nnot protect property, he would deprive them of the power of self-\\ngovernment. He endorsed the Democratic platform of Cincin-\\nnati he stood on the platform as endorsed at Waco and at Hous-\\nton, and any man standing on that platform and co-operating\\nin the organization of the Democratic party, he recognized as a\\nDemocrat none other. No man could be a Democrat who did\\nnot hold to the doctrine of the strict construction and the doc-\\ntrines embodied in the Virginia and Kentucky resolutions. He\\ndid not believe in the divine right of kings nor did he believe in\\nthe divine right of a Union without a Constitution.\\nMr. Wigfall was undoubtedly the clearest expounder of the\\npolitical doctrines of Mr. Calhoun in Texas.\\nNo man could have been more obnoxious than Wigfall to\\nHouston personally or to his party. They finally tried to set\\naside his election on constitutional grounds, holding that the\\nLegislature could not elect one of their body to the United States\\nSenate. Tlie question raised was referred to a committee. The\\nmajority report, after a long constitutional argument in favor\\nof a State senator s eligibility to the United States Senate, and\\ncitation of authorities, concludes thus The Constitution of the\\n\u00e2\u0099\u00a6State did not intend to embrace the office of United States Sena-\\ntor in the section under consideration. In this view of\\nthe subject, the majority of your committee is fully confirmed\\nby the action of the distinguished statesman, Eusk, in the United\\nStates Senate upon the contested seat of Mr. Trumbull, of Illi-\\nnois, wlio when elected to the United States Senate was a State\\nsenator. The Constitution of Illinois contained a similar pro-\\nvision to the one under consideration, and yet the most distin-\\nguished jurists in the American Senate held the provision in-\\napplicable to the office of United States Senator.\\nOn that occasion, both Rusk and Houston voted for the ad-\\nmission of Mr. Trumbull to the United States Senate, and he\\nwas seated.\\nBesides all this, I should have stated that Wigfall resigned his\\nseat in the State Senate before the balloting began for United\\nStates Senator.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0298.jp2"}, "299": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 259\\nThe Runnels administration closed with the valedictories of\\nthe Governor and myself.-\u00c2\u00ae\\nOn December 21, 1859, Sam Houston delivered his inau^ral\\naddress from the front portico of the capitol to an immense con-\\ncourse of people.\\nHis utterances on our relations to the Union were what might\\nhave been expected, opposed to secession in any event. Toler-\\nance of difference of political opinion he thought a duty; but\\nwhen thought becomes treason, the traitor is as much the enemy\\nof one section as the other. Extremists North and South were\\nrebuked alike by the Governor saying on that point Half the\\ncare half the thought which has been spent in meeting sec-\\ntionalism by sectionalism, and bitterness by bitterness, and abo-\\nlitionism by disunion, would have made this people a happy,\\nunited and hopeful nation.\\nHouston s frontier policy was to temper military force with\\nmoral suasion to overawe the Indians by a display of soldiers\\nand at the same time to gain their good will by presents. The\\nTexas Indians had been drawing their annuities by way of Ar-\\nkansas, and had thereby been led to believe that they were not\\nobliged to keep the peace in Texas. The Indians should get\\ntheir annuities in Texas they should be collected together in a\\ngreat council and renew their treaties with the Texans. And it\\nM ould be advisable to distribute presents among them.\\nThis was Houston s Indian policy during the Republic, and it\\nwas bitterly disappointing to the frontiersmen, who expected,\\nfrom the promises made in the canvass for governor, a vigorous\\nIndian policy. But judging from Houston s antecedents, they\\nhad no right to expect any but a temporizing policy against the\\nIndians.\\nThe Rio Grande frontier was also being raided, and the Fed-\\neral government was called upon for protection, and aid was\\npromptly given by Major Heintzleman. But Col. Ford had al-\\n**The Texas Republican, in editorially commenting on Governor\\nLubbock s valedictory utterances. said:\\nMr. Lubbock is concise, graceful, modest and dignified. He recom-\\nmends efficient frontier protection, favors our present system of internal\\nimprovements, and looks for the happiest results by continuing our lib-\\neral railroad policy. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0299.jp2"}, "300": {"fulltext": "260 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nready driven Cortina across the Eio Grande. Commissions were\\nissued to raise companies for the northwestern frontier, where\\nthe great trouble had been, and then a frontier regiment was\\nauthorized. A new militia law was enacted to meet the emer-\\ngencies.\\nIndian hostilities, however, did not abate, but rather grew\\nworse. Then Houston, like Runnels, had to stand his share of\\nabuse.\\nThe resolutions of Dr. R. G. Worrall of Jaeksboro, adopted by\\nthe Democratic State convention at Galveston, in April, 1860,\\nwell express the public sentiment on frontier protection. They\\nare given below\\nResolved, 1. That the Democratic party of Texas, looking\\nto the actual Indian war on our frontier, to the ruthless murder\\nof men, women, and children and the enormous destruction and\\nrobbing of property, stands pledged to sustain the most efficient\\nand active warfare against the savage enemy that they approve\\nof the appropriation of over four hundred thousand dollars by\\nthe late Legislature for frontier protection, and demand of the\\nGovernor of the State that it shall be expended in an active,\\nefficient, and offensive war with the Indians, and not frittered\\naway in temporizing expedients or in buying treaties by means\\nof presents, annuities, or any other mode of consummating a\\ntreaty with treacherous savages.\\nThe other resolutions were in substance as follows\\n2. All Indians in Texas are hostile, and should be extermi-\\nnated or expelled from the State.\\n3. It is the duty of the Federal government to do this, but\\nthe State must do it if not done otherwise.\\n4. The frontier must not be contracted.\\nThe Democratic State convention at Galveston met in the\\ncourthouse at 11 :30 a. m., April 2, 1860. Major Marshall, chair-\\nman of the State Central Committee, called the house to order.\\nMr. Thomas P. Ochiltree acted as secretary. After prayer by\\nRev. D. McISTair, Major Marshall addressed the convention, tak-\\ning a brief view of the present extraordinary political condition\\nof the country, and expressing his opinion that there never was\\na time when the preservation of the Union and the protection of\\nthe rights and liberties of the South depended so much on the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0300.jp2"}, "301": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 261\\nDemocratic party as at the present alarming crisis. His address\\nwas received with great applause.\\nA committee on credentials was then appointed consisting of\\ntwenty members, one from each judicial district. At 4 p. m.\\nthe committee reported seventy-six counties represented by dele-\\ngates on the floor.\\nThe committee appointed to report upon the charges made\\nagainst W. W. Leland, delegate from Karnes County, reported\\nthat Mr. Leland admitted having voted for John C. Fremont,\\nand having been a Black Republican about a year before coming\\nto Texas, but that since having arrived in Texas he had become\\na Democrat. It was then moved by Mr. Schoolfield of Walker,\\nthat said W. W. Leland should be expelled from the conventioiL\\nThe motion was put and carried unanimously. Colonel Lewis\\nof Washington then moved that the resolution should be recon-\\nsidered, as he believed it due to the convention not to condemn\\na man without a hearing. Considerable discussion was had upon\\nthis motion. General Waul finally arose and referred to the\\naction taken by the Democratic convention in Austin in 1856 on\\nthe application of Mr. L. Sherwood of Galveston for a seat in\\nthat convention, which application was rejected. A motion was\\nthen made that Mr. Sherwood should be heard in his own de-\\nfense, and this motion was also rejected. Colonel Lewis then\\nwithdrew his motion for reconsideration.\\nJ. D. Stell, F. B. Sexton, and John W. Dancy were put in\\nnomination for president of the convention. The vote taken by\\ncounties resulted thus: Stell, 38; Sexton, 9-i; Dancy, 91. Stell s\\nname was then withdrawn.\\nThe vote was again taken, and it was found that Sexton had\\nreceived 122 and Dancy 119. The chair then announced that\\nSexton was duly elected.\\nColonel Sexton was then conducted to the chair, and made\\na most appropriate and eloquent address. The following were\\nelected vice-presidents Messrs. Gaines, Bryan, Brownrigg, Pitts,\\nWoodward, and Branch.\\nThos. P. Ochiltree was elected secretary of the convention by\\nacclamation. Davis and Hepperla were elected assistant secre-\\ntaries.\\nThe committee on credentials then made a report that they", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0301.jp2"}, "302": {"fulltext": "262 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nhad found two sets of credentials from two separate meetings in\\nJasper County. The one meeting was called as a Democratic\\nmeeting, and passed resolutions reaffirming the Cincinnati plat-\\nform and the several Democratic platforms of this State, and also\\nrepudiating the doctrine of Squatter Sovereignty as advocated\\nby Stephen A. Douglas. The other was called as a citizens meet-\\ning, and it took no action recognizing or endorsing the prin-\\nciples of the Democratic party. The committee therefore recom-\\nmended admitting to a seat in the convention the delegate sent\\nby the first or Democratic meeting, and rejected the application\\nof the delegate from the other meeting. The report was adopted.\\nIt was carried, on my motion, that the rules of the House of\\nEepresentatives of this State be adopted as the rules to govern\\nthe convention, as far as applicable.\\nGeneral Waul then offered a resolution that a committee on\\nplatform and resolutions should be formed by selecting one dele-\\ngate from each judicial district, said committee to elect their\\nown chairman. Adopted.\\nOn motion of Mr. Bee, that a sergeant-at-arms should be ap-\\npointed, the chairman appointed John S. Jones.\\nThe committee on platform were the following: First dis-\\ntrict, J. T. Harcourt, of Colorado; Second, J. H. Duggan, of\\nGuadalupe; Third, A. S. Broadus, of Burleson; Fourth, C. Gan-\\nahl, of Kerr Fifth, W. A. Leonard, of Jasper Sixth, B. F, Wil-\\nliams, of Upshur; Seventh, K. M. Powell, of Montgomery;\\nEighth, L. C. Delisle, of Fannin Ninth, F. F. Foscue, of Chero-\\nkee; Tenth, F. S. Stockdale, of Calhoun; Eleventh, J. F. Crosby,\\nof El Paso Twelfth, J. W. Durant, of Leon Thirteenth, W. W.\\nDunlap, of Goliad; Fourteenth, E. S. Pitts, of Tyler; Fifteenth,\\nE. Word, of Tarrant; Sixteenth, M. V. B. Sparks, of Lampasas;\\nSeventeenth, W. H. Parsons, of McLennan; Eighteenth, J. R.\\nWorrall, of Jack.\\nA resolution offered by Mr. Durant was adopted, namely, that\\neight delegates should be elected to the Charleston convention,\\nfour from the Eastern and four from the Western Congressional\\ndistrict, and that a like number of alternates should also be\\nelected from each district. M. D. Graham was selected by accla-\\nmation for elector for the State at large for the Eastern Con-\\ngressional district. General Waul was selected on the first ballot", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0302.jp2"}, "303": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 263\\nas the elector for the State at large for the Western district over\\nCol. A. M. Lewis. R. S. Rainey was selected as elector for the\\nEastern Congressional district, and Mr. Wharton was selected for\\nthe Western district.\\nEight delegates were elected to the Charleston convention, to\\nwit H. R. Runnels, R. B. Hubbard, F. F. Foscue, and Gen. E.\\nGreer from the Eastern district, and Francis R. Lubbock, J. F.\\nCrosby, Guy M. Bryan, and F. S. Stockdale were elected from\\nthe Western district. The eight alternates were chosen as fol-\\nlows: For the Eastern district, General Chambers, Thos. P.\\nOchiltree, W. H. Tucker, and M. H. Covey and for the Western\\ndistrict, Fred Tate, W. H. Parsons, R. Ward, and R. M. Stell.\\nGeorge M. Flournoy was then nominated for Attorney-General,\\nC. R. Johns for Comptroller, and. C. H. Randolph for Treasurer.\\nMaj. John Marshall offered a resolution tendering the thanks\\nof the convention to the several railroad companies who had so\\nliberally given them a free passage over their roads. Adopted\\nunanimously.\\nMr. Worrall, of Jack County, offered resolutions on frontier\\nprotection, which on motion were referred to a special committee\\ncomposed of members from all parts of the State. Much dis-\\ncussion was had upon these resolutions and several eloquent\\nspeeches were made. Among the distinguished speakers were\\nHon. Guy M. Bryan, Dr. Worrall, and Col. A. M. Lewis. Mr.\\nBryan s speech was specially able, and there were many highly\\ninteresting details and facts given to the convention in the speech\\nof Dr. Worrall, who stated that he had been personally ac-\\nquainted with all the late Indian forays and murders on the\\nfrontier, as the ^base line mentioned by General Houston passed\\ndirectly through the yard in front of his house.\\nThe platform adopted by the convention was as follows\\nResolved, 1. That the Democratic party of the State of Texas\\nreaffirm and concur in the principles contained in the platform\\nof the National Democratic convention held at Cincinnati in\\nJune, 1856, as a true expression of their political faith and opin-\\nion, and herewith reassert and set forth the principles therein\\ncontained as embracing the only doctrines which can preserve\\nthe integrity of the Union and the equal rights of the States, and\\nmost unequivocally deny the Squatter Sovereignty interpretation", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0303.jp2"}, "304": {"fulltext": "264 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ngiven to that platform, and that we will continue to adhere to\\nand abide by the principles and doctrines of the Virginia and\\nKentucky resolutions of 1798-99, and Mr. Madison s report rela-\\ntive thereto.\\n3. In order to give greater emphasis to these principles as ap-\\nplicable to present issues and exigencies, we further and specif-\\nically declare that Texas as a sovereign and independent nation\\njoined the confederacy of the United States, thereby entering\\ninto a compact with each and all the States, the terms and condi-\\ntions of which are embraced in the Constitution of the United\\nStates, one of them being, in effect, that the State of Texas, be-\\ning a member of the confederacy, should exercise through the\\ngovernment of the United States certain powers which belong to\\nher as a sovereignty, and which shall be exercised through her\\nown government. That in becoming a member of the confed-\\neracy, Texas parted with no portion of her sovereignty, but\\nmerely changed the agent through whom she should exercise some\\nof the powers appertaining to it.\\nThat, should these powers be used at any time to her injury\\nor wrong, or should the government fail to exercise the powers\\nwhich are delegated in good faith for the maintenance of her\\nrights and the rights of her people, or should the compact she\\nhas entered into with the other States, through the bad faith of\\nany of them, fail to accomplish the objects for which it was\\nformed, in any of these cases, of which she alone can judge for\\nherself, the State of Texas possesses the full right as a sovereign\\nState to annul the compact, to revoke the powers she has dele-\\ngated to the government of the United States, to withdraw from\\nthe confederacy, and resume her former place among the powers\\nof the earth as a sovereign and independent nation.\\n3. That it is the right of every citizen to take his property\\nof every kind, including slaves, into the common territory be-\\nlonging equally to all the States of the confederacy, and to have\\nit protected there under the Federal Constitution. Neither Con-\\ngress, nor a territorial legislature, nor any human power, has\\nany authority either directly or indirectly to impair those sacred\\nrights and they having been affirmed by the Supreme Court of\\nthe United States in the Dred Scott case, we declare that it is\\nthe duty of the Federal government, the common agent of all the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0304.jp2"}, "305": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 265\\nStates, to establish such government and to enact such laws for\\nthe territories, and to change the same from time to time, as\\nmajr be necessary to insure the protection and preservation of\\nthose rights and to prevent every infringement of the same. The\\naffirmation of this principle of the duty of Congress to simply\\nprotect the rights of property is in nowise in conflict with the\\nheretofore established and still recognized principle of the Demo-\\ncratic party, that Congress does not possess the power to legis-\\nlate slavery into the territories or exclude it therefrom. That\\nwhile we declare our unabated attachment to the Constitution\\nand the Union of these States, our own self-respect demands of\\nus as a party to affirm that this Union can only be held sacred so\\nlong as it secures domestic tranquillity and all the guarantees of\\nthe Constitution are preserved inviolate.\\n4. That we regard with great aversion the unnatural efforts\\nof a sectional party at the North to carry on an irrepressible con-\\nflict against the institution, and whenever that party shall suc-\\nceed in electing a President upon their platform, we deem it to\\nbe the duty of the people of the State of Texas to hold them-\\nselves in readiness to co-operate with our sister States of the\\nSouth in convention to take into consideration such measures as\\nmay be necessary for our protection or to secure out of the con-\\nfederacy that protection of their rights which they can no longer\\nhope for in it.\\n5. That this government was founded for the benefit of the\\nwhite race; that political power was placed exclusively in the\\nhands of men of Caucasian origin that experience has taught\\nthese self-evident truths that the enforced equality of the African\\nand European tends not to the elevation of the negro, but to the\\ndegradation of the white man and that the present relations of\\nthe blacks and whites in the South constitutes the only true,\\nnatural, and harmonious relationship in which the otherwise\\nantagonistic races can live together and achieve their mutual\\nhappiness and destiny. That we view with undisguised aversion\\nand with a determined resolution to resist the design openly pro-\\nclaimed by the leaders of sectionalism North to abolish these\\ndistinctions of races peaceably if we can, forcibly if we must.\\nWe regard any effort by the Black Eepublican party to disturb\\nthe happily existing subordinate condition of the negro race in", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0305.jp2"}, "306": {"fulltext": "266 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe South as violative of the organic act guaranteeing the su-\\npremacy of the white race, and any political action which pro-\\nposes to invest negroes with social and political equality with the\\nwhite race as an infraction of those wise and wholesome distinc-\\ntions of nature which as testified by all experience were estab-\\nlished to insure the prosperity and happiness of each race.\\nDr. Worrall s resolutions on frontier protection were favor-\\nably reported and passed.\\nAs an endorsement of President Buchanan, the following was\\nintroduced and unanimously adopted:\\nEesolved, That while we decline to endorse the course of the\\npresent Federal administration with reference to our frontier\\nand some other questions of national policy, we deem it proper\\nat the same time to declare that the policy of the administration\\nin the main, and especially the sentiments expressed by Presi-\\ndent Buchanan in his late annual message with reference to the\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0question which most vitally concerns the South, meets with our\\napproval and endorsement.\\nOn motion of Mr. Harrison, it was Eesolved, That in the\\ndeath of Gen. M. B. Lamar, Texas has lost one of her beloved,\\ndistinguished, and patriotic sons and statesmen, ever generous,\\nchivalrous, and true. This was adopted without opposition.\\nMaj. John Marshall was re-elected chairman of the State Cen-\\ntral Committee.\\nThe delegates to the Charleston convention were instructed to\\ninsist upon the adoption of the two-thirds rule, and a resolution\\npassed providing for the appointment of electors for each judi-\\ncial district.\\nIt was determined to hold the next State convention at Dallas\\non the second Monday in April, 1861.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0306.jp2"}, "307": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 267\\nCHAPTEE SIXTEEN.\\nNational Democratic Convention at Charleston Disagreement as to\\nPlatform and Withdrawal of Southern Delegates The Convention\\nFails to Make Nominations and Adjourns to Reassemble at Balti-\\nmore Withdrawing Delegates Meet and Organize at Richmond\\nDouglas Faction Reassemble at Baltimore Irregular Proceedings\\nWithdrawal of Northern Delegates Douglas Nominated for Pres-\\nident Adjournment The Withdrawing Delegates Meet in Conven-\\ntion at Baltimore on the Adjournment of the Douglas Convention\\nand Adopt for a Platform the Majority Report Made at Charleston\\nBreckenridge Nominated for President by Delegates Representing a\\nMajority of the States Yancey s Speech Adjournment.\\nImmediately after the adjournment of the Galveston conven-\\ntion, I returned home and made preparation for an extended\\neastern tour with Mrs. Lubbock. So in a short time we set out\\nfor Charleston, via New^ Orleans and Mobile, arriving in good\\ntime, without incident. During our stay in the city we were the\\nguests of Colonel Stevens, the brother-in-law of Ham P. Bee.\\nThe other Texas delegates were promptly on hand at the ap-\\npointed time, and we all took our seats at the opening of the\\nNational Democratic convention.\\nThe convention assembled in Institute Hall, at noon, Monday,\\nApril 23, 1860, and was called to order by Judge Smalley, of\\nVermont, chairman of the National Democratic Committee.\\nOn motion of McCook, of Ohio, Francis B. Flournoy, of Ar-\\nkansas, was elected temporary chairman.\\nDr. Hanckel opened the proceedings with prayer.\\nMr. Ritchie, of Virginia, was chosen secretary pro tern.\\nTwo committees (one on credentials and the other on perma-\\nnent organization) were appointed, consisting of one member\\nfrom each State, selected by the State delegations; and States\\nthat had sent two sets of delegates (like Illinois and New York)\\nwere not permitted representation thereon.\\nThe following were the committee on credentials C. D.\\nJameson, Maine; A. P. Hughes, New Hampshire; Stephen\\nThomas, Vermont; Oliver Stevens, Massachusetts; Geo. H.\\nBrown, Ehode Island; Jas. Gallagher, Connecticut; Delos De\\nWolfe, New York A. R. Speer, New Jersey H. M. North, Penn-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0307.jp2"}, "308": {"fulltext": "268 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsylvania; Wm. G. Whiteley, Delaware: W. S. Gittings, Mary-\\nland; E. W. Hubbard, Virginia; R. R. Bridges, North Carolina;\\nB. F. Perry, South Carolina; J. Hartridge, Georgia; W. M.\\nBrooks, Alabama W. S. Barry, Mississippi F. H. Hatch, Louis-\\niana; Jas. B. Stedman, Ohio; G. T. Wood, Kentucky; W. H.\\nCarroll, Tennessee; S. A. Hall, Indiana; W. J. Allen, Illinois;\\nJohn M. Krum, Missouri; Van H. Manning, Arkansas; Benj.\\nFollet, Michigan; C. E. Dyke, Florida; E. Greer, Texas; D. 0.\\nFinch, Iowa; P. H. Smith, Wisconsin; John S. Dudley, Cali-\\nfornia H. H. Sibley, Minnesota Lansing Stout, Oregon.\\nThe committee on permanent organization was composed as\\nfollows Maine, W. H. Burrill Pennsylvania, J. Cessna Mis-\\nsissippi, Chas. Clark; ISTew Hampshire, R. S.- Webster; Delaware,\\nJ. B. Pennington; Florida, T. J. Eppes Vermont, H. E. Slough-\\nton Maryland, John R. Emory Louisiana, Emile La Sere Mas-\\nsachusetts, C. W. Chapin; Virginia, John Brannon; Texas, F.\\nR. Lubbock; Rhode Island, John IST. Francis; North Carolina,\\nW. A. Mole; Arkansas, John J. Stirman; Connecticut, A. C.\\nLippett; South Carolina, B. H. Wilson; Missouri, S. D.\\nChurchill; New York, S. F. Fairehild; Georgia, J. H. Lumpkin;\\nTennessee, T. M. Jones New Jersey, Robt. Hamilton Alabama,\\nA. B. Meek; Kentuck}^ C. Cecil; Ohio, Geo. W. Houk; Wiscon-\\nsin, E. S. Bragg; Indiana, S. K. Wolfe; Iowa, E. H. Thayer;\\nIllinois, A. M. Harrington; Minnesota, J. T. Rosser; Michigan,\\nA. C. Baldwin; California, G. W. Patrick; Oregon, John K.\\nLamerick.\\nThe reports of the committees having been made and accepted,\\nHon. Caleb Gushing, of Massachusetts, was elected permanent\\nchairman (or president) of the convention, and the following\\ngentlemen vice-presidents and secretaries, each State repre-\\nsented in the convention being honored in the selection Maine\\nVice-president, Thomas D. Robinson secretary, C. Record. New\\nHampshire: Vice-president, Dan Marcy; secretary, Geo. A.\\nBingham. Vermont: Vice-president, Jasper Rand; secretary,\\nP. W. Hyde. Massachusetts: Vice-president, Isaac Davis; sec-\\nretary, B. F. Watson. Rhode Island: Vice-president, Gideon\\nBradford secretary, Amasa Sprague. Connecticut: Vice-presi-\\ndent, Samuel Arnold secretary, M. R. West. New Jersey Vice-\\npresident, Wm. Wright; secretary, John C. Rafferty. New York:", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0308.jp2"}, "309": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 269\\nVice-president, Erastus Corning; secretary, Edward Cooper.\\nPennsylvania Vice-president, Thos. Cunningham secretary,\\nFranklin Vansant. Delaware: Vice-president, W. H. Ross: sec-\\nretary, John H. Buley. Maryland Vice-president, W. T. Bowie\\nsecretary, E. L. F. Hardcastle. Virginia: Vice-president, 0. R.\\nFnnston; secretary, Robt. H. Glass. North Carolina: Vice-\\npresident, Bedford Brown; secretary, L. W. Humphrey. South\\nCarolina: Vice-president, B. H. Brown; seeretar} Franklin\\nGaillard. Georgia Vice-president, Jas. Thomas secretary, J.\\nJ. Diniond. Alabama Vice-president, R. G. Scott secretary,\\nN. H. R. Dawson. Mississippi Vice-president, Jas. Drane\\nsecretary, W. H. H. Tyson. Louisiana: Vice-president, R. Tay-\\nlor secretary, Chas. Jones. Ohio Vice-president, David Tod\\nsecretary, W. M. Stark. Kentucky: Vice-president, B. Spalding;\\nsecretary, Robt. McKee. Tennessee Vice-president, J. C. C.\\nAtkins secretary, John R. Howard. Indiana Vice-president,\\nIsaac C. Elston secretary, Lafayette Devlin. Illinois Vice-\\npresident, Z. Casey secretary, R. E. Goodell. Arkansas Vice-\\npresident, Francis A. Terry; secretary, F. W. Hoadley. Michi-\\ngan Vice-president, H. H. Riley secretary, John G. Park-\\nhurst. Florida: Vice-president, B. F. Wardlaw; secretary, C. E.\\nDyke. Texas: Vice-president, H. R. Runnels; secretary, Thos.\\nP. Ochiltree. Missouri: Vice-president, Abraham Hunter; sec-\\nretary, J. T. Mense. Iowa Vice-president, T. W. Claggett sec-\\nretary, J. W. Bosier. Wisconsin Vice-president, Fred W. Horn\\nsecretary, A. F. Pratt. California Vice-president, J. A. Dreibel-\\nbis; secretary, John S. Dudley. Minnesota: Vice-president, W.\\nW. Phelps secretary, G. T. Rosser. Oregon Vice-president,\\nA. P. Dennison secretary, R. P. Metcalf\\nThe announcement of Cushing s name as president excited\\nloud cheering.\\nOn recommendation of the committee on permanent organ-\\nization, the rules governing the Democratic conventions of 1852\\nand 185G were adopted but an additional rule recommended by\\nthe committee met with considerable opposition. The rule pro-\\nposed was as follows That in every State which has not pro-\\nvided, or directed, by its State convention how its vote may be\\ngiven, the convention will recognize the right of each delegate to\\ncast his individual vote.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0309.jp2"}, "310": {"fulltext": "270 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nIn the general discussion that ensued as to the adoption of\\nthis additional rule, I stated that a proposition to report it to the\\nconvention had been voted down in the committee b}^ an immense\\nmajorit}-; that, according to my information, the committee,\\nwithout due notice to its members, had met again, with reduced\\nnumbers, and undone the work of the majority, and that I did\\nnot think it fair to bring the question before the convention in\\nsuch a manner. I held that the old rules of Democracy were\\nsufficient for all emergencies, and that it was a matter for the\\nseveral delegations themselves to settle whether or not they would\\nvote as a unit.\\nMr. Cessna, chairman of the committee, claimed, in reply, that\\na large majority of the committee had acted on the matter; that\\nhe had sent out notices to get the attendance of every member of\\nthe committee; and, in conclusion, that the unit rule, left to the\\noption of the several State delegations, would disfranchise him.\\nJosiah Randall, of Pennsylvania, opposed the new rule, say-\\ning A few weeks ago I called upon Judge Smalley, and he told\\nme that it was the common law of the last four Democratic con-\\nventions that each delegation had the right to determine how\\nthey would vote, whether as a unit or otherwise.\\nMr. Wright, of Pennsylvania (who had been a member of\\nevery national Democratic convention that had ever been held),\\nin advocating the additional rule, said in part If, however, the\\nconvention of the part}^ in any State shall have determined that\\nthe vote of the State shall be cast as a unit, I have not a word\\nto object but when a State convention has left to the individual\\ndelegates the full power of voting according to their own indi-\\nvidual opinions, then it is the part of we, the people, to say how\\nwe shall vote, uncontrolled by the majority of our particular\\ndelegations. In 1844 the vote of Pennsylvania stood\\ntwelve to thirteen on the adoption of tlie two-thirds rule, when,\\nfor the first time, it was made applicable to the nomination of\\ncandidates for the presidency. At a previous convention that\\nrule was adopted in regard to the nomination of Richard M.\\nJohnson for the vice-presidency.\\nOn the question being put, the rule was adopted.\\nHon. Caleb Cushing was escorted to his seat as president of", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0310.jp2"}, "311": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 271\\nthe convention by General Clark, of Mississippi, and Colonel\\nEiehardson, of Illinois.\\nOn taking the chair. President Cushing said in part\\nGentlemen of the Convention You have come together\\nto participate in the selection of the future rulers of the\\nKepublic. You do this as the representatives of the Democratic\\nparty of that great party of the Union whose proud\\nmission it was, and is, to maintain the public liberties to recon-\\ncile popular freedom with constituted order; to maintain the\\nsacred, reserved rights of the States [applause] to stand, in a\\nword, the perpetual sentinels upon the outposts of the Constitu-\\ntion.\\nOpposed to us are those who labor to overthrow the Consti-\\ntution, under the false and insidious pretense of supporting it;\\nthose who are aiming to produce in this country a permanent\\n.sectional conspiracy a traitorous sectional conspiracy of one-\\nhalf the States of the Union against the other half [applause]\\nthose who, impelled by a stupid and half insane spirit of faction\\nand fanaticism, would hurry our land on to revolution and civil\\nwar.\\nOn the second day of the convention, in response to a roll call\\nof the States, the following gentlemen were presented, by name,\\nas the committee on resolutions Amos M. Roberts, Maine W.\\nBurns, New Hampshire E. M. Brown, Vermont Ben F. Butler,\\nMassachusetts C. S. Bradley, Rhode Island A. G. Hazard, Con-\\nnecticut; Edwin Croswell, New York; Benj. Williamson, New\\nJersey; H. B. Wright, Pennsylvania; Jas. A. Bayard, Delaware;\\nBradley S. Johnson, Maryland; Jas. Barbour, Virginia; W. W.\\nAvery, North Carolina; John S. Preston, South Carolina; Jun-\\nius Wingfield, Georgia; J. B. Owens, Florida John Erwin, Ala-\\nbama R. A. Hunter, Louisiana E. Barksdale, Mississippi F.\\nS. Stockdale, Texas N. B. Burrow, Arkansas; Mis-\\nsouri Samuel Mulligan, Tennessee R. K. Williams, Kentuclcy\\nH. B. Payne, Ohio; P. C. Dunning, Indiana; 0. B. Fielding,\\nIllinois G. V. N. Lathrop, Michigan A. S. Palmer, Wisconsin\\nB. M. Samuel, Iowa; Jas. M. Cavanaugh, Minnesota; Austin E.\\nSmith. California; Isaac I. Stevens, Oregon.\\nAt the third day s session Mr. Avery, of North Carolina, re-\\nported the platform agreed upon by a majority of the committee", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0311.jp2"}, "312": {"fulltext": "272 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ndelegates representing seventeen States, fifteen slave States,\\nOregon, and California, commonwealths possessing an aggregate\\nof 127 electoral votes, all solidly Democratic.\\nThe minority report was presented by Mr. Payne, of Ohio, and\\nsigned by delegates from fifteen free States. These fifteen States\\nrepresented 176 electoral votes, all more or less doubtful.\\nAfter being debated several days, both reports were recom-\\nmitted.\\nOn the sixth day Mr. Avery, acting for a majority of the\\ncommittee, reported the following platform\\nResolved, That the platform adopted at Cincinnati be\\naffirmed, with the following explanatory resolutions\\nFirst. That the government of a territory, organized by an\\nact of Congress, is provisional and temporary, and during its\\nexistence all citizens of the United States have an equal right to\\nsettle, with their property, in the territory, without their rights,\\neither of person or property, being destroyed or impaired by con-\\ngressional or territorial legislation.\\nSecond. That it is the duty of the Federal government, in\\nall its departments, to protect, when necessary, the rights of per-\\nson and property in the territories and wherever else its constitu-\\ntional authority extends.\\nThird. That when the settlers in a territory, having an ade-\\nquate population, form a State Constitution, the right of sover-\\neignty commences, and, being consummated by admission into\\nthe Union, they stand on an equal footing with the people of\\nother States and the State thus organized ought to be admitted\\ninto the Federal Union, whether its Constitution prohibits or\\nrecognizes the institution of slavery.\\nFourth. That the Democratic party are in favor of the\\nacquisition of the island of Cuba, on such terms as shall be hon-\\norable to ourselves and just to Spain, at the earliest practicable\\nmoment.\\nFifth. That the enactments of State Legislatures to defeat\\nthe faithful execution of the fugitive slave law are hostile in\\ncharacter, subversive of the Constitution, and revolutionary in\\ntheir effect.\\nSixth. That the Democracy of the United States recognize\\nit as the imperative duty of this government to protect the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0312.jp2"}, "313": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 273\\nnaturalized citizen in all his rights, whether at home or in for-\\neign lands, to the same extent as its native-born citizens.\\nWhereas, One of the greatest necessities of the age, in a\\npolitical, commercial, postal, and military point of view, is a\\nspeedy communication between the Pacific and Atlantic Coasts;\\ntherefore,\\nBe it resolved. That the Democratic party do hereby pledge\\nthemselves to use every means in their power to secure the\\npassage of some bill, to the extent of the constitutional authority\\nof Congress, for the construction of a Pacific railroad from the\\nMississippi River to the Pacific Ocean, at the earliest practicable\\nmoment.\\nThe minority report (submitted by Mr. Samuels, of Iowa)\\ndifl ered from the majority report only in the second resolution.\\nThe second resolution, as offered by the minority, was as fol-\\nlows:\\nInasmuch as differences of opinion exist in the Democratic\\nparty as to the nature and extent of the powers of a territorial\\nlegislature, and as to the powers and duties of Congress, under\\nthe Constitution of the United States, over the institution of\\nslavery within the territories\\nSecond. Resolved, That the Democratic party will abide by\\nthe decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States on the\\nquestions of constitutional law.\\nThis was the vital point on which the whole controversy turned\\nwhether the party should clearly enunciate its belief in rela-\\ntion to this important matter and pledge itself to give practical\\neffect to that belief if intrusted with power, or agree to hold its\\njudgment in suspense until the Supreme Court had spoken, and\\nthen accept, as a final settlement, whatever decision that tribunal\\nmight announce.\\nThis was an attempt to dodge the question at issue, which we\\ndetermined not to permit.\\nB. F. Butler, of Massachusetts, offered the following as a sub-\\nstitute for both reports\\nResolved, That we, the Democracy of the Union, in conven-\\ntion assembled, hereby declare our affirmance of the Democratic\\nresolutions unanimously adopted and declared as a platform of\\nprinciples at Cincinnati in the year 1856, without addition or\\n18", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0313.jp2"}, "314": {"fulltext": "274 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nalteration, believing that Democratic principles are unchange-\\nable in their nature when applied to the same subject matter;\\nand we recommend, as the only further resolution, the follow-\\ning:\\nEesolved, That it is the dut}^ of the United States to extend\\nits protection alike over all its citizens, whether native or nat-\\nuralized.\\nButler s substitute was, if possible, a more pronounced effort\\nto dodge the issue than that suggested by the minority report.\\nThe vote, taken by States, on his substitute resulted in its de-\\nfeat 198 nays to 105 yeas.\\nPrinciples, it is true, never change. We did not propose such\\na change. What we insisted upon was a clear-cut announcement\\nof principles; an unmistakable party interpretation of the Cin-\\ncinnati platform, in order that issue might be squarely joined\\nbefore the people, in what we anticipated would be a great and\\ndecisive political battle. Butler and Douglas, however much\\nthey differed on other things, had conspired to defeat our pur-\\npose. Their desire was, apparently, for the anti-slavery men to\\nwin by indirection what they could not accomplish openly.\\nA vote was then taken on the minority report (offered as a\\nsubstitute for the majority report), and resulted in its adoption\\nby the convention 165 5^eas, 138 nays.\\nThe votes of the fifteen slave States, with the exception of\\nthree and one-half of Maryland s eight votes, one of Virginia s\\neleven votes, four of Missouri s nine votes, one of Tennessee s\\neleven votes, and two and one-half of Kentucky s twelve votes,\\nwere cast in the negative. All the votes of the seventeen free\\nStates were in the affirmative, save those of California and Ore-\\ngon (four and three respectively), six of Massachusetts thirteen\\nvotes, two of New Jersey s seven votes, and fifteen of Pennsyl-\\nvania s twenty-seven votes.\\nThe sectional character of the vote augured ill for the integrity\\nof the Democratic party and the preservation of the Union. In-\\ndeed, this deliberate rejection of the majority report, which alone\\ngave slaveholders equal rights in the territories, proved to be the\\nentering wedge for separation.\\nOn motion of Mr. Butler, the convention next proceeded to\\nvote, by States, upon each section of the minority report, not-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0314.jp2"}, "315": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 275\\nwithstanding the fact that the report had ah eady been adopted\\nas a whole.\\nOn the section reaffirming the Cincinnati platform the vote\\nstood 237^ yeas to 65 nays. The Texas delegation voted in the\\nnegative, as we considered the Cincinnati platform, without an\\nexplanation, a swindle. That platform, with the construction\\nplaced on it by Mr. Douglas, was all that was, at this stage in\\nthe process of platform building, left to the South.\\nOn the question to lay on the table the remaining sections of\\nthe report, there were 81 yeas to 188 nays, the Carolinas, Ar-\\nkansas, Missouri, and all the Gulf States declining to participate\\nin the ballot.\\nA vote was then taken on the second resolution and its pre-\\namble, resulting in its being rejected, when thus separately put\\n238 nays to 21 j^eas. The Gulf States and Arkansas declined to\\nvote. The delegates from Texas took no further part in the bal-\\nloting after the adoption of that portion of the minority report\\ncontaining a bold affirmance of the Cincinnati platform. The\\nmaiorit3% however, proceeded to the extremity of the issue, and\\nadopted seriatim, the remaining sections of the report, the one\\nfavoring the acquisition of the island of Cuba meeting with no\\nopposition.\\nWhen a vote was called for upon the acquisition of the island\\nof Cuba, Mr. Bryan, chairman of our delegation, stated that\\nTexas was in favor of a Pacific railroad and the acquisition of\\nCuba, but she declined voting.\\nIn reply to Stuart, of Michigan, who had stated that Alabama\\nhad now a new demand in addition to former grievances, Mr.\\nYancey said I have never, at any time, here or elsewhere,\\nyielded the position that the Cincinnati platform did not give to\\nthe South the doctrine that Congress should intervene to repeal,\\nor modify, unconstitutional laws. I have not here, or anywhere\\nelse, desired to be understood as saying that Alabama desired a\\nnew plank. The Cincinnati platform, as construed by Mr. Doug-\\nlas and his friends, is hostile to our construction of it. He and\\nhis friends are here to-day in a majority and have that platform,\\nafter having told the South that they never would yield the doc-\\ntrine of squatter sovereignty. That, therefore, gives to the Cin-\\ncinnati platform, when adopted by this body, the construction of", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0315.jp2"}, "316": {"fulltext": "276 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthat majority: and it is, that the South is not entitled to pro-\\ntection by Congress in the Territories, but that the legislatures\\nthere can drive Southern men out of the Territories. Simply\\nto meet that construction and to explain what our views are,\\nAlabama desires an explanatory resolution to the effect that Con-\\ngress should not intervene to establish slavery by organic law,\\nnor to exclude it by organic law, but that Congress has the\\npower, coupled with the duty, to interfere to protect the consti-\\ntutional rights of the slaveholder, whenever and wherever as-\\nsailed. [Great cheering.]\\nMr. L. P. Walker, chairman of the Alabama delegation, next\\ngot the floor and read the resolutions of the Alabama State\\nDemocratic convention instructing her delegates to withdraw\\nfrom the National Democratic convention if the convention\\nfailed, in its platform, to recognize the rights of the South in\\nthe Territories after which the Alabama delegation retired from\\nthe hall. Whereupon, Mississippi, Louisiana, South Carolina,\\nand Florida also withdrew, after filing their protests through\\ntheir respective chairmen.\\nOur chairman, Guy M. Bryan, who was greeted with loud\\ncheers, said:\\nMr. President and Gentlemen of the Convention: Texas,\\nthrough her delegates on this floor, in the land of Calhoun, where\\ntruth, justice, and the Constitution was proclaimed to the\\nSouth, says This day, you stand erect [Loud cheers.] Whilst\\nwe deprecate the necessity which calls for our parting with the\\ndelegates of the other States of this confederacy, yet it is an\\nevent that we, personally, have long looked to. Educated in a\\nNorthern college, I there first learned that there was a North\\nand a South there were two literary societies, one Northern and\\nthe other Southern. In the churches, the Methodist Church,\\nthe Baptist Church, the Presbyterian Church, are North and\\nSouth. Gentlemen of the North and the Northwest God grant\\nthat there may be but one Democratic party It depends upon\\nyour actions, when you leave here, whether it shall be so. Give\\nnot aid and comfort to the Black Republican hosts; but say to\\nthe South, You are our equals in this confederacy, and your\\nlives, your persons, and property, equally with those of the\\nNorthern States, are protected by the Constitution of the Fed-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0316.jp2"}, "317": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 277\\neral Union. What is it we, the Southern Democrats, are ask-\\ning you to acknowledge? Analyze it and see the meaning, and\\nit is this, that we will not ask quite as much of you as the Black\\nKepublicans; and, if you only grant what we ask, we can fight\\nthem. We blame you not, if you really hold these opinions but,\\ndeclare them openly, and let us separate as did Abraham and\\nLot.\\nI have been requested to read this protest on the part of the\\ndelegates from Texas, and to ask the courtesy of the convention\\nthat it be spread upon the minutes of its proceedings.\\nThe following is the protest to which Mr. Bryan alluded\\nHon. Caleb Gushing, President of the Democratic National\\nConvention The undersigned delegates from the State of Texas\\nwould respectfully protest against the late action of this conven-\\ntion in refusing to adopt the report of the majority of the com-\\nmittee on resolutions, which operates as the virtual adoption of\\nprinciples affirming doctrines in opposition to the decision of\\nthe Supreme Court in the Dred Scott case, and in conflict with\\nthe Federal Constitution, and especially opposed to the platform\\nof the Democratic party in Texas.\\nEecognizing these declarations of principles as instructions\\nto us for our government in the National convention, and be-\\nlieving that a repudiation of them by all of the Northern States,\\nexcept the noble States of Oregon and California, the whole vote\\nof which is more than doubtful in the ensuing presidential elec-\\ntion, demand from us our unqualified condemnation.\\nThe undersigned do not deem this the place, or time, to dis-\\ncuss the practical illustration that has been given of the irre-\\npressible conflict between the Northern and Southern States,\\nthat has prevailed in the convention for the last week.\\nIt is sufficient to say that, if the principles of the Northern\\nDemocracy are properly represented by the opinion and action\\nof the majority of the delegates from that section on this floor,\\nwe do not hesitate to declare that their principles are not only\\nnot ours, but, if adhered to and enforced by them, will destroy\\nthis Union.\\nIn consideration of the foregoing facts, we can not remain\\nin this convention.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0317.jp2"}, "318": {"fulltext": "278 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nWe consequently respectfully withdraw, leaving no one\\nauthorized to cast the vote of the State of Texas.\\nGuy M. Bryan, chairman; F. R. Lubbock, F. S. Stoekdale, E.\\nGreer, H. E. Runnels, Wm. H. Parsons, R. Ward, J. F.\\nCrosby, M. W. Cavey, T. P. Ochiltree.\\nThe substauce of the protests of all the seceding Southern\\nStates was resistance to Douglas squatter sovereignty and dis-\\napproval of the Janus-faced proposed platform, dodging the\\nvital issue, viz., protection of slavery in the Territories until ad-\\nmitted as States into the Union.\\nArkansas followed Texas, her delegates submitting a protest\\nand retiring from the hall.\\nThe Georgia delegation, after in their turn submitting a\\nsolemn protest, withdrew from the convention the following day.\\nMay 1st.\\nMr. Flournoy, of Arkansas, made a speech deprecating the in-\\nconsiderate action of the cotton States.\\nShort speeches were now made in a conciliatory way, depre-\\ncating the situation and hoping for harmony, by Messrs. Seward,\\nof Georgia Holden, of North Carolina Richardson, of Illinois\\nPerry, of South Carolina; Howard, of Tennessee; Krum, of\\nMissouri, and Bidwell, of California.\\nOn motion of Mr. McCook, of Ohio, the convention, at 2 p. m..\\nMay 1st, entered upon the selection of candidates for the presi-\\ndency and vice-presidency, balloting by States.\\nMr. King nominated Stephen A. Douglas [applause] Cald-\\nwell, of Kentucky, nominated James Guthrie Bidwell, of Cali-\\nfornia, nominated Daniel S. Dickinson Russell, of Virginia,\\nnominated R. M. T. Hunter; Ewing, of Tennessee, nominated\\nAndrew Johnson; and Stevens, of Oregon, nominated Gen.\\nJoseph Lane.\\nThe first ballot gave Douglas 145^, Hunter 43, Dickinson 35|,\\nJohnson 12, Dickinson 7, Lane 6, Toucey 2^, Davis 1^, Pearce 1.\\nThe last three had not been formally put in nomination.\\nIt was Butler that gave Jefferson Davis 1^ votes out of Massa-\\nchusetts 13.\\nThere were fifty-seven ballots taken that day and the next,\\nwithout any material variation. The whole number of electoral", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0318.jp2"}, "319": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 279\\nvotes being 303, 202 were necessary to a choice under the two-\\nthirds rule.\\nMr. Douglas never received on any ballot more than \\\\h2\\\\\\nvotes.\\nAs it was evident that no nomination could be made under\\nexisting circumstances, the convention adjourned May 3d, to\\nmeet again in Baltimore on June 18th.^^\\nPresident Gushing, on the eve of adjournment, delivered a\\nfeeling address to the convention, saying, in conclusion\\nFinally, permit me to remind you, gentlemen, that not merely\\nthe fortunes of the great constitutional party which you repre-\\nsent, but the fortunes of the Constitution, also, are at stake in\\nthe acts of this convention.\\nDuring the period of eighty-four years, we, the States of this\\nUnion, have been associated together, in one form or another,\\nfor objects of domestic order and foreign security. We have\\ntraversed, side by side, the war of the revolution, and other and\\nlater wars through peace and war, through sunshine and storm,\\nwe have held our way manfully on, until we have come to be a\\ngreat Eepublic. Shall M e cease to be such 1 will not believe it.\\nI will not believe that the noble work of our fathers is to be shat-\\ntered into fragments; this great Eepublic to be but a name in\\nhistory of a mighty people once existing, but existing no longer\\n2^ Col. Stockdale, our representative on the platform committee, being\\nconfined to his room by sickness, I was chosen by the Texas delegation\\nto act in his stead. B. F. Butler, of Massachusetts, and Gov. Stevens,\\nof Oregon, took such extreme States rights positions in the committee\\nroom that I voted against the utterances they insisted upon being\\nembodied in the platform. Butler thereupon took occasion to say that\\nTexas possessed neither population, wealth, talent, nor representation to\\nentitle her to much consideration. The Chairman, Col. Avery, of\\nNorth Carolina, calling him to order, I asked that he be allowed to pro-\\nceed to the end of his tirade; and when it was finished I replied to him\\nin the manner he deserved, stating among other things, that he was\\nendeavoring to place the South in a false position before the country;\\nthat he was no friend to the South and could not deceive me or the\\nTexas delegation, and that in a few decades Texas, already possessing\\nevery element that dignifies and renders illustrious a free people, would\\noutstrip Massachusetts in the matter of representation a prediction\\nthat will doubtless be verified when the census is taken during the\\npresent year (1900).", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0319.jp2"}, "320": {"fulltext": "280 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsave as a shadowy memory, or as a monumental ruin by the side\\nof the pathway of time. I fondly trust that we shall continue\\nto march on forever, the hope of nations, as well in the old world\\nas in the new. As the bright orbs of the firmament, which roll\\nfatally on, without rest (because bound for eternity), without\\nhaste (because predestined for eternity), so may it be with this\\nglorious confederation of States. I pray you, therefore, gentle-\\nmen, in your return to your constituents, and to the bosom of\\nyour families, to take with you, as your guiding thought the\\nsentiment of the Constitution and the Union. And with this I\\ncordially bid you farewell until the prescribed reassembling of\\nthe convention.\\nThe withdrawing members assembled (May 1st) at Military\\nHall and resolved themselves into a deliberative body by elect-\\ning Senator Bayard, of Delaware, chairman, and selecting eight\\nvice-presidents and a committee on resolutions.\\nThis committee was composed of Messrs. Stockdale, of Texas\\nErwin, of Alabama Jackson, of Georgia Hunter, of Louisiana\\nBarksdale, of Mississippi Burrows, of Arkansas Magowan, of\\nSouth Carolina; Whitely, of Delaware, and Dike, of Florida.\\nWe called our body the Constitutional Democratic Conven-\\ntion.\\nAt our meeting the next day the platform committee reported\\nthe declaration of principles recommended in the majority report\\npreviously voted down in the Charleston convention, substitut-\\ning, however, the word Constitutional for the word National\\nwherever it occurred in that document. This report was adopted\\nnearly unanimously.\\nThe convention then adjourned until 8 p. m., at which time it\\nwas thought a presidential ticket would be made out. The gen-\\neral talk favored the nomination of Jefferson Davis for Presi-\\ndent, and Chas. O Connor, of New York, for Vice-President.\\nAt the evening session Judge Winston, of Alabama, denounced\\nthe new platform as a humbug, and nominations were lost sight\\nof in the stormy debates that followed.\\nThe upshot of the discussion was, that the consideration of\\nnominations was postponed, and we adjourned to meet again at\\nRichmond, Va.. early in June, at which time it was agreed nom-\\ninations should be made and a platform promulgated.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0320.jp2"}, "321": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 281\\nThis action was taken in order that all the States might have\\nan opportunity^ to send delegates.\\nThe Constitutional Democratic convention reassembled at\\nRichmond, June 11th, in accordance with this plan.\\nI was elected temporary chairman.\\nThe States of Louisiana, Texas, Mississippi, Alabama, Geor-\\ngia, Florida, South Carolina, Arkansas, Virginia, and New York\\nwere represented.\\nAfter the appointment of a committee on organization and one\\non credentials, the convention adjourned to await reports.\\nThe meeting was promptly called to order the following day\\nat the hour prescribed at adjournment. The attendance of dele-\\ngates was large, all the seceding States being fully represented.\\nThe hall was also well filled with ladies, who occupied the side\\nseats.\\nThe committees having reported and their reports having been\\nadopted, the convention was permanently organized by electing\\nHon. John Erwin, of Alabama, president, and vice-presidents\\nand secretaries from each of the States represented except New\\nYork.\\nIt then adjourned, to enable the members to attend the Balti-\\nmore convention, which met on the 18th. Provision was made,\\nhowever, by resolution, for reassembling at Eichmond, should\\nPresident Erwin deem it advisable.\\nThis line of proceedure was adopted in deference to the advice\\nof Democratic members of Congress, who had issued a circular\\nadvising us to pursue that course and endorsing all previous\\naction taken by us. Nineteen signatures were affixed to this\\ncircular, among others those of John Slidell, Jefferson Davis,\\nL. Q. C. Lamar, Eobert Toombs, E. M. T. Hunter, J. M. Mason,\\nJ. P. Benjamin, and Jno. H. Eeagan.\\nThe idea was for us to participate in the regular convention at\\nBaltimore and if possible, without stultification or surrender of\\nprinciple, get a satisfactory platform adopted; but, if we failed\\nin that, to reassemble at Eichmond and put out candidates.^\\nThis action of the convention goes to show how loath were its mem-\\nbers to accept as permanent the disruption of the National Democratic\\nparty till all honorable means were tried to restore its integrity.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0321.jp2"}, "322": {"fulltext": "283 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThe Baltimore convention met in the Front Street Theater,\\nthat cit}^, June 18th and was called to order by Mr. Gushing.\\nOn roll-call of States, the following responded Maine, Xew\\nHampshire, Massachusetts, Vermont, Ehode Island, Connecticut,\\nNew York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North\\nCarolina, Missouri, Tennessee, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan,\\nWisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, California and Oregon twenty-\\nfour in all. In calling the roll of the States, the names of those\\nwhose delegations had withdrawn from the convention at\\nCharleston were omitted.\\nIn addressing the convention, Mr. Gushing said: Gentle-\\nmen, we assemble here now, at a time when the enemies of the\\nDemocratic party let me say the enemies of the Constitution of\\nthe United States [applause] are in the field with their se-\\nlected leader (Abraham Lincoln), with their banners displayed,\\nadvancing to the combat with the constitutional-interests party\\nof the United States; and upon you, gentlemen, upon your\\nactions, upon your spirit of harmony, upon your devotion to the\\nConstitution, upon your solicitude to maintain the interests, the\\nhonor, and integrity of the Democratic party, as the guardian\\nof the Constitution; upon you it depends whether the issue\\nof that combat is to be victory or defeat for the Constitution of\\nthe United States.\\nConsiderable speech making was indulged in as to whether\\ndelegates from States whose representatives had withdrawn from\\nthe convention at Charleston should be admitted to seats, if they\\napplied for that privilege. It was at first mild and courteous,\\nbut afterwards bitter and harsh in expression.\\nMr. A. A. King, of Missouri, said The protest of Texas in\\nwithdrawing from the Charleston convention, was, next to Flor-\\nida, the most insulting of all, and their withdrawal was absolute\\nand unconditional. They even protested against allowing any-\\nbody else to represent the State. The Eichmond con-\\nvention has not adjourned, but simply taken a recess, its mem-\\nbers come here only for mischief, and if they can not have\\ntheir own way, intend to go back and nominate some\\nman and run him against the regular nominee of the Dem-\\nocratic party made here. They should never be admitted to the\\nBaltimore convention by his vote, said he, so help him God.\\n[Applause.]", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0322.jp2"}, "323": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 283\\nKing might have saved his temper and his manners, as we\\ndid not desire to further participate in the deliberations of a\\nconvention that had so rudely denied to us any recognition of\\nour rights.\\nMr. West, of Connecticut, said: The seceders went out be-\\ncause the majority would not adopt a platform which would de-\\nstroy the party in every free State. and that he would\\ndo as much as anyone to save the Union; but, if the South\\nwould go, he would say, good-by, Hal.\\nThe credentials committee report (which was adopted) rec-\\nommended the seating of the Texas delegation, and contesting\\ndelegations, instead of the regular delegations, from the other\\nwithdrawing States. The Texas delegation declined to take ad-\\nvantage of the proffered opportunity of playing tail to the kite\\nof the Douglass machine, and simply remained in the hall as on-\\nlookers. Had all the regular delegations been invited to seats, it\\nis possible that Texas might have, with the others, accepted and\\nmade one more effort to heal the breach and select, on a just plat-\\nform, a nominee for the whole party. The seating of the irregu-\\nlar delegations and the tone of the speeches delivered convinced\\nthe representatives of Southern Democracy that they had noth-\\ning to expect and that the fixed determination was to adhere\\nto positions already taken and nominate Mr. Douglas, let the\\nconsequences to the party and country be what they would.\\nMr. Gaulden, of Georgia, said that he proposed to remain in\\nthe convention that he was for maintaining the integrity of the\\nNational Democratic party; that he belonged to the extreme\\nSouth, and that he was pro-slavery in every sense of the word\\nyea, an African slave trade man.\\nMr. Claiborne, of Missouri, was severe on the seceders, stating\\nthat he had heard no one say they could elect their nominees;\\nthey only hoped to give the Southern States to Bell and Everett\\nand, if there was anything that the Southern Democracy dis-\\nliked, next to abolitionism, it was the fossil remains of Whiggery\\nand Know-ISTothingism. These men would all re-\\npent, said he, of bolting, and come back in less than four\\nyears.\\nThe convention soon began to crumble and fall to pieces, a\\nnumber of State delegations (principally Southern) withdraw-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0323.jp2"}, "324": {"fulltext": "284 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ning, among the number, those from Delaware, Virginia, Ken-\\ntucky, North Carolina, Tennessee, Oregon, and California.\\nOn the presentation of a motion to proceed to the nomination\\nand selection of candidates, Mr. Gushing arose and addressed the\\nconvention, saying: The delegations of a majority of the\\nStates having, in whole or in part, in one form or another, ceased\\nto participate in the deliberations of this convention. I\\ndeem it my duty to resign my seat as president of the convention\\n[prolonged cheering in the galleries], in order to take my seat on\\nthe floor as a member of the delegation from Massachusetts, and\\nto abide whatever may be the determination of that delegation in\\nregard to its future action.\\nGovernor Tod, of Ohio, one of the vice-presidents, took the\\nchair amidst prolonged applause.\\nMr. Butler then stated that he and others, constituting part of\\nthe Massachusetts delegation, desired to retire. He said this\\naction was taken for the reason that a majority of the States had,\\nin whole or in part, withdrawn and that, speaking to a matter\\npersonal to himself, he could not, and would not sit in a conven-\\ntion where the African slave trade, denounced by the laws of his\\ncountry as a heinous crime, was openly advocated. [Applause.]\\nThis was a misrepresentation on the part of Butler, based on\\nthe remarks of Mr. Gaulden, of Georgia, whose boast that he was\\nin favor of it had been received in contemptuous silence, until\\nButler s righteous soul stirred it up again.\\nButler withdrew, followed by Mr. Gushing and four others of\\nthe Massachusetts delegation.\\nMr. Soule, of Louisiana, one of the bogus delegates from\\nLouisiana, on being loudly called for, addressed the convention,\\nsaying that he stood with John G. Galhoun on the doctrine of\\nnonintervention in the territories, and where Galhoun could\\nstand. Southern men need not fear to stand; secession from\\nthe convention meant disunion; the JSTorthern abolitionists\\nwanted Gongress to exclude slavery from the territories South-\\nern gentlemen wanted congressional protection for slavery in\\nthe territories; the true doctrine was that advocated by Mr.\\nDouglas, nonintervention the gentlemen who had seceded from\\nthe convention knew that the mass of their people at home\\nwould not sustain them, and the best proof of it was, that in no", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0324.jp2"}, "325": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 285\\nState where delegations had seceded had the seceders called a\\nfair convention of the people to put to the test their pretensions\\nand much more of the like. This did not apply, so far as we\\nwere concerned, as the Texas delegation had not returned home\\nto agitate any such question.\\nTo render Mr. Douglas nomination absolutely certain, the\\ntwo-thirds rule was now so modified as to mean only two-thirds\\nof the delegates in the convention. Two-thirds of the votes of\\nall the delegates from all the States was the rule at Charleston.\\nOn the first ballot Douglas received 173| votes; Guthrie, 9;\\nBreckenridge, 6^ Bocock, 1 Seymour, 1 Dickinson, Wise,\\nvote.\\nThe second ballot gave Douglas 181^ votes, Breckenridge, 7-J,\\nand Guthrie, 5^ votes.\\nThe nomination of Douglas was then, on motion, made unani-\\nmous, the resolution declaring him to be the standard-bearer of\\nthe Democratic Union Party for president. Delegates leaped\\nto their feet, hats were waved in the air, and many tossed aloft;\\nshouts, screams, and yells, and every boisterous mode of express-\\ning approbation was resorted to. This demonstration at an\\nend, telegrams conveying congratulations from various Northern\\nStates were opened as they were received and read to the con-\\nvention, each reading being followed by cheering.\\nThe following resolution, explanatory of Douglas platform,\\nwas offered by Mr. Wickliffe, of Louisiana, and adopted by the\\nconvention\\nEesolved, That it is in accordance with the true interpreta-\\ntion of the Cincinnati platform that, during the existence of the\\nterritorial government, the measure of restriction, whatever it\\nmay be, imposed by the Federal Constitution on the powers of\\nthe territorial legislature over the subject of domestic relations,\\nas the same has been or shall hereafter be finally determined by\\nthe Supreme Court of the United States, should be respected by\\nall good citizens and enforced with promptness and fidelity by\\nevery branch of the government.\\nMr. Eichardson, of Illinois, now let out, in an oracular way,\\nwhat he seemed to believe was a great secret, viz that Mr. Doug-\\nlas would actually accept the nomination that had just been\\nmade. It would have been strange indeed if he would not", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0325.jp2"}, "326": {"fulltext": "286 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\naccept what he had been scheming and working to obtain for ten\\nyears.\\nIn announcing the result of the vote on the question of ad-\\njournment sine die, President Tod said Victory in this con-\\ntest, fellow Democrats, is in our hands. [Applause.] We have\\nonly to continue sternly, firmly, patiently, fairly, and honor-\\nably in the discharge of our duties, as we have done since we\\nmet in Charleston, to crown our efforts with entire success.\\nWishing you all a safe return to your homes, 1\\nnow declare this convention adjourned without day, and bid you\\nall good-bye.\\nThe convention then, at 10 a. m., June 33, 1860, adjourned.\\n^During the sitting of the convention there were a number of con-\\nsultations between us and our friends in that body, with the object of\\ndeciding, if possible, upon some basis of agreement that would unite\\nthe two wings of the party and enable them to act together in the\\nnomination of candidates and the promulgation of a platform all, as\\nhas been seen, without avail. On the adjournment of one of these\\nmeetings in which I had acted as chairman of the Texas delegation,\\nCol. Bryan being absent, and when we had walked out into the streets\\nHon. Samuel J. Randall came face to face with a man named Mont-\\ngomery and at once struck him several blows with a cane. Seeing that\\nMontgomery was a powerful man, I handed Randall a pistol and told\\nhim not to let Montgomery hit him. A crowd quickly gathered, Ran-\\ndall stood his ground, and Montgomery slunk off. It seems that Mont-\\ngomery had insulted Randall s father in a speech delivered in the\\nDouglas convention a few days before. The New York Herald published\\nnext morning an exaggerated account of the street difficulty, stating\\nthat Col. Guy M. Bryan had handed the pistol to Randall. The colonel\\nand I being of about the same stature, the Herald correspondent, learn-\\ning that a small man from Texas had thus assisted the Pennsylvanian,\\nat once reached the conclusion that it was Bryan, and so stated. Colonel\\nBryan was very much incensed, and wanted to send a communication\\nto the Herald. I kept very dark, but said to the colonel: Let it go;\\nwhat is the use of bothering about it Nothing more will ever come of\\nit, and it will only cause the Herald to come back. Don t notice it.\\nHe followed my advice and let it pass. Some time afterwards I told\\nhim how it all happened, and that I was the bad boy who handed the\\npistol. Owing to the high tension prevailing nearly every man in Bal-\\ntimore was armed at the time, myself among the number, all holding\\nthemselves in readiness for whatever might arise.\\nHon. Samuel J. Randall later became a distinguished statesman, and\\nduring the dark days that followed the war was an active, able, and\\nfearless defender of the South in Congress.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0326.jp2"}, "327": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 287\\nOur delegates met in National Democratic convention in the\\nhall of the Maryland Institute, at Baltimore, at noon, June 33,\\n1860.\\nCharless W. Russell, of Virginia, was called to the chair. On\\ntaking his seat, Mr. Russell said, among other things\\n^The convention assembled elsewhere, and from which you\\nhave withdrawn, has lost all title to the designation of national.\\nYou and those whom you represent are a majority of\\nthe people of the Democracy and of the Democratic States. [Ap-\\nplause.] They will look to you to perform the functions of a\\nNational Democratic convention, and you will be so recognized\\nalike by the North and the South, the East and the West.\\n[Cheers.]\\nI have every confidence that you will stand upon these prin-\\nciples and will be able to defend the Democratic party, protect\\nthe rights of all the States, and maintain the Constitution against\\nall enemies, open or insidious. [Applause.]\\nMessrs. Walker, of Alabama; McHenry, of Pennsylvania;\\nStevens, of Oregon; Williams, of Massachusetts, and Fisher, of\\nVirginia, were, on motion, appointed a committee on organiza-\\ntion.\\nOn call of the States, it was discovered that Maine, New\\nHampshire, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois,\\nMichigan, AVisconsin, and Minnesota were unrepresented by\\ndelegates. Vermont had 1, Masachusetts 16, New York 2, Penn-\\nsylvania, New Jersey, no representative, Delaware, Vir-\\nginia 23, North Carolina 16, Alabama 36, Mississippi 14, Louis-\\niana 1-1, Texas 8, Arkansas 9, Missouri 2, Tennessee 19. Ken-\\ntucky 10, California 4, Oregon 3, Maryland 9, South Carolina,\\nno representative, Florida 6. Iowa asked for representation\\nthrough her two sons, H. H. Heath, of Dubuque, and John\\nJohns, of Davenport.\\nThe committee on permanent organization recommended the\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2election of the following permanent officers\\nPresident, Hon. Caleb Cushing; vice-presidents and secre-\\ntaries (the first named being vice-presidents and the second sec-\\nretaries) Pennsylvania, V. L. Bradford and David Fist; Vir-\\nginia, 0. R. Funsten and W. P. Cooper; Oregon, A. P. Denison\\nand H. R. Crosbie; California, J. E. Dresbit; Tennessee, J. 0. C.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0327.jp2"}, "328": {"fulltext": "288 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nAtkins and D. D. Withers; Kentucky, J. S. Kenrick; North\\nCarolina, Bedford Brown and S. W. Humphrey; Mississippi, W.\\nF. Teatherston and C. J. Armistead Georgia, H. S. Benning and\\nF. H. West; Vermont, H. E. Stoughton; Missouri, M. J. Mc-\\nElhany; Louisiana, Eichard Taylor; Alabama, E. G. Scott and\\nN. H. E. Dawson; Arkansas, Josiah Gould and F. W. Hoadley;\\nMaryland, W. P. Bowie and E. S. F. Hardcastle; Delaware, \\\\V. H.\\nEoss and W. G. Whitely; Texas, H. E. Eunnels and Thos. P.\\nOchiltree Florida, B. F. Wardlaw and J. J. Williams.\\nThe committee s report was adopted unanimously.\\nMr. Gushing was conducted to the chair by Messrs. McHenry^\\nof Pennsylvania, Walker, of Alabama, and Stevens, of Oregon.\\nPresident Gushing was greeted with cheers and the most deaf-\\nening applause.\\nOn taking the chair he said Gentlemen of the Convention\\nWe assemble here, delegates to the National Democratic conven-\\ntion, duly accredited thereto from more than twenty States of\\nthe Union, for the purpose of nominating candidates of the Dem-\\nocratic party for the offices of President and Vice-President of\\nthe United States, for the purpose of announcing the principles\\nof the party, and for the purpose of continuing and re-establish-\\ning that party upon the firm foundations of the Constitution,\\nthe Union, and the coequal rights of the several States. [Loud\\napplause.]\\nMr. Butler, of Massachusetts, moved that the gentlemen (then\\non the floor) who had been appointed on the platform committee\\nat Charleston, be requested to report at once.\\nTo Butler s motion, I objected, as being premature and hasty,\\nsaying: The committee on credentials have not yet reported,\\nand it is essential that we should have our proceedings perfected,\\nso that we can go before the country with a clear and regular\\nrecord. This is no trifling assemblage, and I conscientiously be-\\nlieve that the nominees of this convention will be the next Presi-\\ndent and Vice-President of the United States. Let us therefore\\nproceed with regularity and according to Democratic usage.\\nButler s motion, though supported with a speech by Mr. John-\\nson, of Maryland, failed, and the proceedings took the usual\\ncourse.\\nAt Butler s request, he was relieved from duty on the commit-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0328.jp2"}, "329": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 289\\ntee on platform, and B. F. Hallett, of Massachusetts, who was not\\npresent at Charleston, appointed in his stead.\\nMr. Hunter, of Louisiana, moved that the delegates to the\\nEichmoud convention be requested to unite with their brethren\\nof the National Democratic convention, if they felt authorized\\nto do so. Adopted.\\nThe committee on credentials report was submitted and\\nadopted.\\nThe members of our delegation at Baltimore were: Guy M.\\nBryan, H. R. Eunnels, F. S. Stockdale, J. F. Crosby, T. P. Ochil-\\ntree, and myself.\\nMr. Avery, of North Carolina, chairman of the committee on\\nresolutions, reported the identical resolutions presented as the\\nmajority report at Charleston, and they were adopted unani-\\nmously, the result being loudly cheered.\\nNominations being now in order, Mr. Loring, of Massachu-\\nsetts, said We have no personal preferences. Our desire is to\\npresent the name of a man here, in whom we feel confidence and\\nhope, one who stands aloof from all personal obligations, who\\nhas no friends to favor, and no enemies to punish. We desire to\\npresent the name of a man who has, in all his actions, thrilled\\nour hearts with his gallantry and courage, and confirmed our\\nfaith by his devoted zeal for the Constitution and the Union.\\nIn behalf of the Democratic delegates of Massachusetts,\\nwho hold their seats in this hall, I name as your candidate for the\\npresidency of the United States, John C. Breckenridge, of Ken-\\ntucky. [Applause.]\\nThe nomination was seconded by Mr. Denny, of Pennsylvania.\\nMr. Ward, of Alabama, presented the name of R. M. T. Hun-\\nter, of Virginia.\\nMr. Ewing, of Tennessee, said in presenting the name of Dick-\\ninson, of New York: Everywhere he has fought our battles.\\nHe lives where the Democratic party can only reach him through\\na national convention.\\nThe name of Gen. Joseph Lane, of Oregon, was presented by\\nMr. Stevens, of Oregon.\\nMr. Matthews, of Mississippi, said: The State convention,\\nin appointing us delegates, gave an expression of opinion in re-\\ngard to the selection of a candidate for the presidency. They in-\\n19", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0329.jp2"}, "330": {"fulltext": "290 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nstructed us to present to the Democratic National convention the\\nname of one of her most distinguished sons for that position a\\nname not unknown to history the name of a gallant son whose\\nname is connected with the most gallant deeds of the army of the\\nUnited States\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the distinguished orator, statesman, and lawyer,\\nJefferson Davis. [Applause.] But, with the concurrence of that\\ndistinguished individual, the Mississippi delegation have deter-\\nmined, for the sake of harmony, for the sake of peace, for the\\nsake of principle, to withdraw that distinguished name. [Cries\\nof Good, good, and applause.]\\nIn the same spirit of peace and principle, the names of the\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0other candidates were withdrawn.\\nOn the first ballot Mr. Breckenridge received all the votes cast,\\namounting to 105|.\\nPresident Gushing, amidst immense applause, declared Mr.\\nBreckenridge the unanimous choice of the convention for Presi-\\ndent.\\nFor Vive-President, Mr. Green, of North Carolina, put in\\nnomination Gen. Joseph Lane, and it was seconded by C. L.\\nScott, of California.\\nNo other name being presented for the office, the States were\\ncalled and they voted unanimously for Gen. Lane. The nomi-\\nnation of Vice-President was then announced.\\nYancey, being loudly called for, stepped on the platform.\\nThe flow of thoughts wdth Mr. Yancey was like the flow of a\\nmajestic river (an Amazon moving betw^een banks like those of\\nthe Hudson), and his expression of them was in tones as melo-\\ndious and thrilling as those of a band of fine music, and in w^ords\\nsuch as fell from the lips of perhaps no other man they were\\ncertainly not surpassed in ancient times by Demosthenes, Cicero,\\nor Hortensius, nor in modern by the Earl of Chatham, Patrick\\nHenry, Webster, or Mr. Clay. The recollection of him as a great\\norator that has survived to this time is w^ell founded in fact. He\\nwas a true patriot, a fearless champion of the cause of constitu-\\ntional liberty, and was justly idolized by the Southern people. In\\nhis speech before the Baltimore convention he vehemently dis-\\nclaimed being a disunionist at that time. He said he had been,\\nten years before, when the Constitution had been violated by the\\nadmission of California into the Union, when the principle of", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0330.jp2"}, "331": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 291\\nsquatter sovereignty had been recognized, and when the bringing\\nof shives into, or taking them out of, the District of Columbia,\\nfor the purpose of sale, had been prohibited by congressional leg-\\nislation the latter act initiating the policy of abolition but that\\nhis state (Alabama) had then chosen to remain in the Union,\\nand that, bowing to her decision, he had since that time urged no\\nmeasure even remotely contemplating disunion, but had bent\\nevery energy of heart and brain to preserve the existing Federal\\ncompact in the only way it could be possibly preserved, viz., by all\\nparties thereto living up to its terms, in letter and spirit. The\\naccusation that he had been urging his friends to disunion, and\\nto the disruption of the Democratic party, was, said he, utterly\\nfalse. I am, however, said Mr. Yancy, no worshiper at the\\nshrine of the Union. I am no Union shrieker. I meet great\\nquestions fairly, on their own merits. I am neither for\\nthe Union, nor against the Union. I urge, or oppose,\\nmeasures upon the ground of their constitutionality and wisdom,\\nor the reverse. When the government confessedly becomes a fail-\\nure so far as the great rights of the equality of the States and of\\nthe people of the States are concerned, then its organization is\\nbut an instrument for the destruction of constitutional liberty;\\nand, taking lessons from our ancestors, we should overthrow it.\\nBy a certain rule adopted at Charleston, known as the\\nunit rule, a minority of the Democratic party were enabled to\\ncontrol the votes of a majority of those present. The principles\\nof the Democratic party, as unanimously reported and adopted\\nb}^ this body, were voted down by means of that same rule, by a\\nvote of 165 to 138, as the real sentiments of the Democratic\\nparty, at Charleston, while in fact that platform was the choice\\nof a majority say of 159 to 144. And, tell me, what\\nother name can be given a body thus constituted, destroying the\\ngreat representative rule of the majority by means of a trick,\\nand thus controlling the deliberations of the Democratic party;\\ntell me, what other name shall I give them, for I wish to give\\nthem only the name that properly belongs to them? Can T give\\nthem any other name than the name by which they will be\\ndamned to immortality the name of a reckless political fac-\\ntion! [Applause.]\\nKeferring to the fact that the delegates of eight States were", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0331.jp2"}, "332": {"fulltext": "292 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ndriven out of the convention at Charleston by the rejection of\\nDemocratic principles, and to the fact that these delegates were\\nsustained by their home people, who, in a spirit of harmony, de-\\nsired them to return to the convention at Baltimore to make an-\\nother effort for reconciliation on principle, in order that the\\ncountry, the Democracy, and the Constitution might be pre-\\nserved, Mr. Yancey said We came here in good faith for that\\npurpose. The convention (at Richmond, Va., called\\nby the withdrawing delegates after leaving the Charleston con-\\nvention) reiterated no platform, lest it might be deemed a dic-\\ntation to the convention here but it organized temporarily and\\nadjourned. We came here, and how have we been received By\\nreason of eight Southern States having retired, leaving only\\ntwenty-five States represented on the committee, the Douglas\\nfaction had control of the committee on credentials, and, against\\nevery usage and principle of the Democratic party, the bogus\\ndelegates from Alabama and Louisiana were admitted, and the\\nregular representatives of the Democracy of each of these States\\nwere rejected.\\nMr. Yancey charged Mr. Douglas with bad faith as to Kansas\\nand the Dred Scott decision, as he then held, contrary to his for-\\nmer position, that the people of a territory had the power to make\\nit free or slave, as they thought proper; this last enunciation,\\ntoo, said Mr. Yancey, in the face of the decision of the Su-\\npreme Court on the Kansas act.\\nAn assertion of the principle of nonintervention was first\\ninsisted upon for the reason that our friends could not agree as\\nto squatter sovereignty, said he, but the Federal Supreme Court\\nhaving decided that Congress has the power, coupled with the\\nduty, to protect rights of person and property in the territories,\\nthis doctrine of noninteryention becomes null and void, and the\\ndoctrine of protection takes its place, as emphatically and fully\\nas if written out in the Kansas act. The South has the benefit\\nof the opinion of the court, and is not wrong in insisting on re-\\nceiving a full achnoivledgment of its decided constitutional right\\nin this particular. If there are any traitors, any repudiators\\nof the Kansas decision, any faithless to the Cincinnati plat-\\nform, they are not to be found in our ranks.\\nI will let Mr. Douglas rest where his friends have placed him", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0332.jp2"}, "333": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 293\\ncontending, however, that they have buried him, to-day, beneath\\nthe grave of squatter sovereignty. The nomination that was\\nmade (I speak it prophetically) was made to be defeated, and it\\nis bound to be defeated. [Applause.] His friends themselves,\\nunconsciously, doubtless, but truthfully, in most mournful and\\nlugubrious strains, heralded him to the political grave that awaits\\nnot only them but him. [Applause.]\\nAfter naming our nominees, giving a sketch of the political\\ncareer of each, and glowingly eulogizing each in turn, Mr. Yan-\\ncey said in conclusion:\\nThe talismanic words Breckenridge and Lane will be in-\\nscribed upon our banners, and we will bear them onward to vic-\\ntory, if God wills; not as emblems of party, or personal success,\\nbut as words indicative of our regard for and determination at\\nall hazards to uphold and abide by what are far dearer to us and\\nof far more value to the whole country Truth, Justice, and the\\nConstitution. [Loud and prolonged applause.]\\nPresident Gushing was tendered the thanks of the body for\\nthe able manner in which he had presided over the deliberations\\nof the convention.\\nAmid great applause and cries of Gushing! Gushing! Mr.\\nGushing stepped forward and said Gentlemen of the Gonven-\\ntion I beg you to accept the expression of my heartfelt acknowl-\\nedgment of your thanks. I do not intend to say anything more\\nexcept to congratulate you upon the most felicitous and auspi-\\ncious termination of your labors, both in the adoption of your\\nplatform and in the nomination of your candidates.\\nMr. Gushing was then by resolution, authorized to appoint\\ncommittees, after the adjournment of the contention, to look\\nafter the campaign and take whatever other action might be\\nfound necessary for the promotion of party success.\\nThanks were next tendered to the local committee for provid-\\ning accommodations, and to the citizens of Baltimore for their\\nhospitality.\\nThe national executive committee were authorized and re-\\nquested to publish the proceedings of the National Democratic\\nconvention, from its organization at Gharleston to its adjourn-\\nment in Baltimore.\\nThese and other minor matters being disposed of, the conven-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0333.jp2"}, "334": {"fulltext": "294 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntion, on raotion, adjourned sine die and took its place in his-\\ntory, a place that has been obscured by later partisan writers^\\nbut is now coming to be properly understood a place among\\nthe great assemblages of freemen that have met in the course of\\nthe history of the English-speaking race to voice the will and\\ntake action for the defense of the liberties of the people.^^\\nIt may be well to state here, in evidence of the regularity of our\\nproceedings, that ex-President Pierce and President Buchanan both\\nsupported the Breckenridge ticket. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0334.jp2"}, "335": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 295\\nCHAPTEE SEVENTEEN\\nAnti-Democratic Politics Constitutional Union Convention Bell\\nNominated Platform Houston Announces as the People s Candi-\\ndate for President Lincoln and the Republican Party The Feeling\\nin Texas Over Lincoln s Election The Secession Convention Texas\\nJoins the Confederate States The Committee on Public Safety\\nFailure of All Peace Overtures from the South War Begins.\\nIn the interval between the Charleston and Baltimore Demo-\\ncratic conventions the Constitutional Union party held a con-\\nvention at Baltimore.\\nThe convention was called to order by John J. Crittenden on\\nMay 9th.\\nWashington Hunt, of N ew York, was elected chairman. Nine-\\nteen vice-presidents and eleven secretaries were appointed.\\nAll the States, with the exception of Oregon and South Caro-\\nlina, were represented.\\nThe platform was a vague and latitudinous declaration in\\nfavor of The Union, the Constitution, and the enforcement of\\nthe laws, a mere dodge of living issues.\\nCol. A. B. Norton and John H. Manly, acting in the interest\\nof General Houston, presented themselves at the door of the\\nconvention and asked for admittance as delegates from Texas.\\nThe chair announced that a delegation from Texas had just ar-\\nrived and were waiting at the door. Escorted by General Coombs,\\nof Kentucky, they entered the hall amidst the cheers of the con-\\nvention. General Coombs introduced Norton as the man with\\nhair on his face and head, who had sworn twelve years before not\\nto have his hair or beard cut until Henry Clay was elected Presi-\\ndent.\\nWhile General Coombs evidently considered the making and\\nkeeping of this oath a credit to Norton, it is more than probable\\nthat Mr. Clay would have regarded it as anything but a compli-\\nment to himself.\\nWhen Prentice, the editor of the Louisville Journal, praised\\nJackson very highly, said the Telegraph, our friend Tom Lub-\\nbock swore that the old hero s bones rattled so loud in their", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0335.jp2"}, "336": {"fulltext": "296 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ncoffin that lie heard them all the wa}^ to Texas. If the bones of\\nJackson rattled under such circumstances, we can imagine a\\ncold shiver of disgust u^Don the part of Mr. Clay looking down\\nfrom his bright abode upon the Constitutional Union conven-\\ntion.\\nThe leading candidates put forward before the convention for\\nthe presidential nomination were Sam Houston, John Bell, and\\nJohn J. Crittenden.\\nOn the first ballot Houston received 57 votes, Bell 68^, Ever-\\nett 25, McLean 33, Graham 37, Sharkey 6, Crittenden 38, Gog-\\ngan 3, Bates 9|, and Eives 3.\\nOn the second ballot, many weak candidates having dropped\\nout, John Bell, of Tennessee, was nominated for President and\\nEdward Everett, of Massachusetts, for Vice-President, both by\\nacclamation.^^\\nEarly in May (after the Baltimore convention) a mass meet-\\ning was held on the San Jacinto battlefield to promote Hous-\\nton s candidacy, and Mr. Manly informed the General that he\\nwas recommended by that meeting to the nation, as the people s\\ncandidate for the presidency at the next election. To which\\nHouston replied, that if the independent masses of the country\\ndeemed his name important in connection with the presidency,\\nthey had a right to use it. He concluded thus I have noticed\\nin the proceedings of the late Baltimore convention that my\\nname was submitted to that body and balloted for. Justice to\\nmyself compels me to say that, while I appreciate the regard\\nmanifested for me by the numerous gentlemen who voted for me\\non that occasion, the use of my name was entirely unauthorized\\nby me, and opposed to my well-known opinions.\\nHouston had said in the preceding March: If my name\\nshould be used in connection with the presidency, the movement\\nmust originate with the people themselves, as well as end with\\nthem. I will not consent to have my name submitted to any con-\\nvention, nor would I accept a nomination if it were tendered me,\\nprocured by contrivance, trick, or management. The people\\nalone have the nominating power, as they have that of election.\\n33 The small vote cast for the Constitutional Union candidates affords\\nanother illustration that ills in the body politic can not be cured by\\nglittering generalities. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0336.jp2"}, "337": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS, 297\\nIt would be curious to know how the people at large could\\nmake a nomination save through the agency of a convention.\\nBut, such is politics\\nThe declarations made by Greneral Houston in March were\\nmerely tentative.\\nUpon being formally notified of the proceedings of the San\\nJacinto mass meeting, he wrote the following letter:\\nAustin, Texas, May 24, 1860.\\nJ). D. E. Atkinson and J. W. Harris:\\nGentlemen In reply to your letter of the 14th instant, I\\nwill say that I have responded to the people at San Jacinto and\\nconsented to let my name go before the country as the People s\\ncandidate for President.\\nIn yielding to the call of my fellow-citizens of Texas in June\\nlast to become a candidate for Governor, I said The Constitu-\\ntion and the Union embrace the only principles by which I will\\nbe governed, if elected. They comprehend all the old Jackson\\nNational Democracy I ever professed or officially practiced.\\nThese have ever guided my actions. I have no principles to\\nannounce. Thine truly,\\nSam Houston.\\nA. D. McCutchan, editor of the Red Land Express, published\\nat San Augustine, claimed in the issue of his paper of January\\n23, 1860, that great mass meetings were being held in New York\\nCity, advocating Gen. Sam Houston as their choice for Presi-\\ndent, and that on the platform at one of these meetings a large\\nportrait of the general was displayed, with the following inscrip-\\ntion:\\nFor President, General Sam Houston. An honest man no\\nparty platform needs. He follows right and goe^ where justice\\nleads.\\nMcCutchan gave the following as an extract from the resolu-\\ntions adopted We declare our opinion that Gen. Sam Houston,\\nof Texas, is pre-eminently thq right man for the present times,\\nwhen our whole country is disturbed by the schemes of agitators,\\ncorrupt conventions, traitors, and partisan demagogues and that\\nresponding to the sentiments of our fellow-citizens of Texas, as", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0337.jp2"}, "338": {"fulltext": "298 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nexpressed on the battleground of San Jacinto, we hereby nomi-\\nnate by acclamation, for President of the United States, the\\nveteran statesman, the tried soldier, the incorruptible citizen.\\nGen. Sam Houston, of Texas.\\nIt becoming apparent in September that there was no pros-\\npect of a successful issue to his canvass, General Houston with-\\ndrew from the race, making the announcement in a card, in\\nwhich he said: I desire to see Texas present a united front\\nagainst the effort to maintain here a sectional party, and to this\\nend I desire to say that it is my wish that the electors associated\\nwith my name shall be perfectly free to cast the electoral vote of\\nTexas for any national man most likely to defeat either sec-\\ntionalism or disunion. This national man was supposed to\\nbe, in the mind s-eye of General Houston, either Bell or Douglas,\\nwhile Lincoln stood for sectionalism, and Breckenridge for dis-\\nunion.\\nAbraham Lincoln^* was the Eepublican nominee for Presi-\\ndent on a platform of implacable hostility to slavery. This was\\nindicated by its eighth plank, which reads as follows\\nThat the normal condition of all the territory of the United\\nStates is that of freedom that, as our republican fathers, when\\nthey had abolished slavery in all our national territory, ordained\\nthat no person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property\\nwithout due process of law, it becomes our duty by legislation,\\nwhenever such legislation is necessary, to maintain this provision\\nof the Constitution against all attempts to violate it; and we\\ndeny the authority of Congress, of a territorial legislature, or of\\nany individuals, to give legal existence to slavery in any terri-\\ntory of the United States.\\nFrom this it was clear that the Eepublicans held that a terri-\\ntory could not establish African slavery in its borders, even if a\\nmajority of the people desired it.\\nThis was a declaration that the differences between the North\\nand the South were irreconcilable.\\n8* Mr. Lincoln was comparatively an obscure man in 1860\u00e2\u0080\u0094 too ob-\\nscure to be asked to sign an indorsement of Helper s Lnpending Crisis, a\\nbook which advised the immediate and total abolition of slavery in the\\nSouth by revolutionary measures. By signing a written recommenda-\\ntion of this incendiary book as a Republican campaign document Mr.\\nSeward probably lost the Republican nomination for president. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0338.jp2"}, "339": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 299\\nIt is true that another plank of the platform went on to\\ndenounce the lawless invasion by armed force of the soil of any\\nState or territory, no matter under what pretext, as among the\\ngravest of crimes, but it was well known that the supporters\\nof this resolution sympatliized with John Brown in his raid on\\nHarper s Ferry, and that therefore the declaration was insincere\\nand intended to deceive. It was undeniable tliat John Brown\\nhad a large following in the North; and if they were not the\\nsupporters of Mr. Lincoln, of whom were they Certainly not the\\nDemocrats. It was believed, and reasonably so, that, in the\\nevent of Lincoln s election, these John Brownites would feel\\nlicensed to raid at M-ill on the Southern States, and that ISTorth-\\nern public sentiment would sustain them.\\nI returned through Washington to Virginia and rejoined my\\nwife at the Blue Sulphur Springs, where we remained during the\\nsummer. It was not till October that we found ourselves, much\\ninvigorated in health and strength, again at the old homestead on\\nSims Bayou, but not in quiet and happiness, for men have\\nseldom lived in more portentous times.\\nJudge J. H. Eeagan, in a letter to Geo. W. Paschal, dated\\nPalestine, October 19, 1860, said, among other things:\\nThe plan of action that I would recommend to meet such an\\nemergency is this That if Lincoln should be elected, as soon\\nas that fact shall be ascertained, for the Governors of all the\\nslave-holding States to convene all the Legislatures at once, for\\nthe purpose of enabling them by law to provide for State con-\\nventions. And that said State conventions should provide for a\\ngeneral convention of delegates from all the States aggrieved.\\nAnd this general convention should present to the free States\\npropositions requiring a renewal of the original guaranties of\\nthe Constitution in favor of our rights, in such specific form as\\nto settle forever the question as to the extent and character of the\\nrights of the slave States and of the owners of slave property.\\nHon. Guy M. Bryan said, in part I do not hesitate to say\\nthat, if Lincoln should be inaugurated without new and effi-\\ncient guaranties being given by the Northern to the Southern\\nStates, in my opinion Texas could not within honor remain in\\nthe Union. She could not remain there in safety.\\nAbraham Lincoln was elected by the votes of the eighteen free", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0339.jp2"}, "340": {"fulltext": "300 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nStates-. In the electoral college Douglas received the votes of\\nMissouri and part of New Jersey, twelve in all; Bell carried\\nKentucky, Tennessee, and Virginia, with their thirty-nine votes\\nwhile Breckenridge won in all the other States, receiving their\\nseven t3^-t wo votes. Lincoln received 180 electoral votes, which,\\nbeing a majority, would make him president.\\nThe popular vote stood: Lincoln, 1,857,610; Douglas, 1,365,-\\n976; Breckenridge, 847,953; Bell, 590,631 votes.\\nThe election of Mr. Lincoln as President was accepted by the\\npeople of the cotton States as conclusive evidence of the settled\\npurpose of the Northern people to overthrow our domestic insti-\\ntutions. Then secession began in order to save the imperiled\\ndomestic tranquillity of these States. It was not generally be-\\nlieved that our withdrawal from the Union would be forcibly\\nresisted by the Lincoln government, as the doctrines of secession\\nand nullification were both of Northern origin. Besides, the\\nanalogy of history pointed to a peaceful separation; for the\\nconfederacies of Colombia and of Central America had dissolved\\nwithout bloodshed. Surely our countrymen were more civilized\\nand humane than the Indo-Spaniards, and vje were determined\\nnot to fight unless to prevent the domestic violence consequent\\non submission to Eepublican rule.\\nIn response to a letter from Huntsville, dated November 14,\\nI860, signed by H. M. Watkins, P. W. Kittrell, Robert P. Archer\\nand sixty-two others, asking for his views on the crisis. Governor\\nHouston wrote: As the chief executive of the nation, Mr.\\nLincoln will be sworn to support the Constitution and execute\\nthe laws. His oath will bring him in conflict with the unconsti-\\ntutional statutes enacted by his party in many of the States.\\nShould he falter, or fail, by allowing the laws to be\\nsubverted, and in oppressing the people of the South, he must\\nbe hurled from power. He has declared the fugitive\\nslave law to be unconstitutional. When we must choose between\\nthe loss of our constitutional rights and revolution, I shall take\\nthe latter. Mr. Lincoln has been constitutionally\\nelected, and, much as I deprecate his success, no alternative is\\nleft me but to yield to the Constitution. When I con-\\ntemplate the horrors of civil war, such as a dissolution of the\\nUnion will ultimately force upon us, I can not believe that the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0340.jp2"}, "341": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 301\\npeople will rashly take a step fraught with these consequences.\\nLet us pause and ponder well before we take any action\\noutside of the Constitution.\\nHistory tells us how much Houston was opposed to secession\\nin 1860. His judgment then was all against it but he had not\\npreviously done much to educate the Texans against the doctrine.\\nIt was well known how he had stood up to our rights as a\\nState on more than one occasion in the United States Senate,\\nand at one time, when Texas was more especially interested, he\\nmade a very plain talk about our getting out of the Union and\\ntaking care of ourselves in our own way. I give an extract from\\nhis speech favoring the establishment of a protectorate by the\\nUnited States over Mexico, delivered in the United States Sen-\\nate April 20, 1858\\nWhenever one section of the country presumes upon its\\nstrength for the oppression of the other, then will our Constitu-\\ntion be a mockery, and it would matter not how soon it was sev-\\nered into a thousand atoms and scattered to the four winds.\\nIf the principles are disregarded upon which the annexation\\nof Texas was consummated, there will be for her neither honor\\nnor interest in the Union. If the mighty, in the face of written\\nlaw, can place with impunity an iron yoke upon the neck of the\\nweak, Texas will be at no loss how to act, or where to go, before\\nthe blow aimed at her vitals is inflicted. In a spirit of good\\nfaith she entered the Federal fold. By that spirit she will con-\\ntinue to be influenced, until it is attempted to make her the vic-\\ntim of Federal wrong. As she will violate no Federal rights, so\\nshe will submit to no violation of her rights by Federal authority.\\nThe covenant which she entered into with the government must\\nbe observed, or it will be annulled. Louisiana was a purchase,\\nCalifornia, New Mexico, and Utah a conquest but Texas was a\\nvoluntary annexation. If the condition of her admission is not\\ncomplied with on the one part, it is not binding on the other.\\nIf I know Texas, she will not submit to the threatened degra-\\ndation foreshadowed in the recent speech of the senator from\\nNew York [Mr. Seward]. She would prefer restoration to that\\nindependence which she once enjoyed, to the ignominy ensuing\\nfrom sectional dictation. Sorrowing for the mistake which she\\nhad committed in sacrificing her independence on the altar of", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0341.jp2"}, "342": {"fulltext": "302 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nher patriotism, she would unfurl again the banner of the Lone\\nStar to the breeze and re-enter upon a national career, where, if\\nno glory awaited her, she would at least be free from a subju-\\ngation by might to wrong and shame.\\nThis sounds a great deal like one of Wigfall s expositions of\\nthe Constitution. More than two years had elapsed since the\\ndelivery of that speech, and Houston now shrank back from his\\nproposed remedy against sectional wrong. In his opinion at\\nthis time, no oppression of any character would justify the seces-\\nsion of Texas from the Union.\\nDavid G. Burnet counsels submission to the election of Lin-\\ncoln and continuing in the Union till the last moment, hoping\\nthat the North will awaken to a sense of justice, said the Texas\\nRepublican, in an editorial paragraph. The Republican strongly\\nadvocated secession.\\nIn reply to a circular of the Telegraph, asking opinions as\\nto the proper measures to meet the crisis after Lincoln s election,\\nI said in part\\nThose who advocate waiting, or remaining in the Union until\\nsome overt act is committed so glaring as to warm up those whose\\nblood courses at present so slowly through their veins, will find,\\nwhen that time arrives, that through the great patronage and\\ninsidious workings of a Black Republican administration, there\\nwill have been mustered into existence in our own midst a class\\nof seditious men of sufficient numbers in some localities of the\\nSouth to bring on civil war and bloodshed among ourselves.\\nThese results I would avoid, and I believe that secession is\\nthe remedy.\\nFrom conversation had, and correspondence with many, as\\nalso from observation during my recent visit to some twelve\\nStates of the Union, I feel assured that Mississippi, Alabama,\\nFlorida, South Carolina, Georgia, Arkansas, and probably other\\nStates, will take immediate action should our country be cursed\\nby the election of a Black Republican.\\nI think Texas should be no laggard. She has as much at\\nstake as any of her sister States.\\nAt a public meeting in Marshall it was resolved, that the elec-\\ntion of Abraham Lincoln to the presidency of the United States\\nis a violation of the spirit of the Constitution, and should be re-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0342.jp2"}, "343": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 303\\nsisted by the States. The Lone Star flag was hoisted, and W. B.\\nOchiltree spoke in its behalf. The crisis, said he, is upon us\\nand must be squarely met, when equality of rights is denied to my\\nsection, and let us quietly but determinedly resolve to take up\\narms against a sea of troubles, and, by opposing, end them.\\nHon. J. M. Clough, another speaker at the meeting, delivered\\na most eloquent address, expressing himself in favor of resistance\\nto the election of Lincoln. Hon. Eli H. Baxter followed in the\\nsame strain. Jas. Turner, a fiery orator, advised resistance to\\nLincoln. Hon. Pendleton Murrah was calmer, but firm in the\\nconviction that the crisis had come and the Southern people had\\nto meet it.\\nThe meeting finally advised the calling of a convention to de-\\ntermine the status of Texas as to the Union; but recommended\\ncaution, prudence, and calm deliberation in our future conduct.\\nPendleton Murrah believed that the State ought after declar-\\ning her intentions through a convention) to seek conferences\\nwith the other Southern States, and omit no effort to secure\\nunited action among them. It might be, said he, that united\\naction among the Southern States would secure from the North-\\nern States no satisfactory guarantees for the future.\\nIf these [efforts] all fail, it will be admitted that the last battle,\\non the last inch of territory, has been fought for the rights and\\nequality of the Southern States in the Union; and that the\\ngloomy alternative is distinctively presented them of submitting\\nto Black Eepublican rule, a slow but certain death, or of reject-\\ning that rule as she [Texas] would reject a deadly poison.\\nE. Greer advised action with a view to secession, saying: A\\nmore consummate piece of folly could not be committed than to\\nwait for the jSTorth to inaugurate her withering, dishonoring,\\nand diabolical policy. The overt act has been committed [in Lin-\\ncoln s election]. Let the South speak out, or forever hold her\\npeace. In anticipation of the secession of South Carolina, he\\ntendered Governor Pickens, of that State, the services of a\\nmounted regiment of Texas volunteers.\\nAlluding to efforts being made to amicably adjust sectional\\ndifferences, ]\\\\rr. Wigfall wrote from his seat in the United States\\nSenate to a friend, imder date of December 7, 1860 The propo-\\nsition to settle the question by further amendments amounts to", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0343.jp2"}, "344": {"fulltext": "304 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nnothing and is intended to produce division among us. The\\nNorth will not yield an inch. They will not give us what we are\\nnow entitled to they will not agree to leave us what we have.\\nSouth Carolina, my native State, was the first to secede, and\\nwas soon followed by Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, and\\nLouisiana.\\nCommissioners from these sovereign bodies politic met at\\nMontgomery, Ala., and entered provisionally into a new compact,\\nthfe new, and, it was hoped, better union to be known as the Con-\\nfederate States of North America. The people of Texas were\\nallied to those of the seceding States by the ties of blood, con-\\nsanguinity, common interests, and common institutions, and\\nwhen South Carolina declared herself out of the Union the news\\nwas received in Texas as a final announcement that the time for\\nseparation from the Northern States had arrived, and aroused a\\nwave of enthusiasm that rolled from the Sabine to the Rio\\nGrande and from the Indian Territory to the Gulf.\\nGovernor Houston, strongly in favor of prolonging our stay in\\nthe Federal Union, refused to call an extra session of the Legis-\\nlature until compelled to do so by the overwhelming pressure of\\npublic opinion.\\nA still higher body than the Legislature, restricted as it was\\nby constitutional limitations, was needed to determine and carry\\nout the will of the people, and a convention with plenary powers\\nwas therefore called by Judge 0. M. Eoberts and other leading\\nmen to assemble at the capital and take whatever action might\\nbe decided upon as needful in the impending crisis.\\nThe Legislature convened at Austin, January 21, 1861, in\\nobedience to Houston s call, and he sent in to the two houses a\\nmessage in which he said that the election of Mr. Lincoln, de-\\nplorable as it was, did not warrant the secession of Texas from\\nthe Union. As well as can be determined from this document,\\nhe favored the calling of a convention of delegates from the\\nslave holding States to discuss the situation and devise such\\nmeans and take such action as might be found necessary to the\\nprotection of the rights of those States in the Union.\\nThe message was respectfully received, read, commented upon\\npro and con, and filed away amid the archives of that generation,\\nnow long since passed away. Its suggestions were impracticable.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0344.jp2"}, "345": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 305\\nThe stormy current of events had swept far past the point where\\nit could have commanded serious consideration. The sole inter-\\nest that now attaches to it is as the last utterance of Houston in\\nfavor of the Union.\\nThe convention met January 28, 1861, and perfected organ-\\nization by electing Justice Oran M. Roberts president and R. T.\\nBrownrigg secretary. The sessions of the body were attended\\nby the Governor, members of the Legislature, Justices of the\\nSupreme Court, heads of State departments, and distinguished\\npersonages from all parts of Texas.\\nAfter several days spent in debate, the secession ordinance was\\nreported and adopted February 1st, by a vote of 167 ayes to 7\\nnays.\\nThe negative votes were cast by Thos. P. Hughes, of William-\\nson; Wm. H. Johnson, of Lamar; Joshua Johnson, of Titus;\\nA. P. Shuf ord, of Wood Jas. W. Throckmorton, of Collin Lem\\nWilliams, of Lamar, and Geo. W. Wright, of Lamar. The ablest\\nof these was Mr. Throckmorton, who, in later and darker days,\\nrendered patriotic services and greatly endeared himself to the\\npeople of Texas.\\nIn the preamble of the ordinance to dissolve Texas connection\\nwith the Union, it was claimed that the Federal government had\\nfailed to accomplish the purposes of the compact of Union be-\\ntween the States, not having given protection either to the per-\\nsons of our people upon an exposed frontier or to the property\\nof our citizens, and that the attitude assumed by the Northern\\nStates, in the light of recent developments, made it evident that\\nthe power of the Federal government would be made a weapon\\nwith which to strike down the interests and prosperity of the\\npeople of Texas.\\nAs an original question, secession, perhaps, would have failed\\nto carry in Texas; but, the six leading cotton States having al-\\nready resorted to an exercise of the right, banded themselves to-\\ngether in a new confederation, and formed a new government,\\nTexas was apparently confronted with the alternatives of- becom-\\ning a party to the new compact, remaining in the Union, or re-\\nsuming her sovereignty as a separate republic. Had she desired\\nto desert her sister States of the South in this hour of need and\\nperil (which she did not) and resume her former station as a\\n20", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0345.jp2"}, "346": {"fulltext": "306 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nrepublic, it was realized that she could not preserve a neutral\\nattitude and maintain herself in that condition. The idea of re-\\nmaining in the Union, and thereby arraying herself with the\\navowed enemies of the South, was not to be thought of. The\\ncourse that was adopted was the only one that was open to her.\\nNor was she withheld from it by sentimental considerations.\\nThe Northern States generally sympathized with our Mexican\\nenemies in our struggle for independence and opposed our ad-\\nmission into the Union, Massachusetts going so far (by legis-\\nlative resolution) as to declare the annexation of Texas, ipso\\nfacto, a dissolution of the Union. Our people really preferred\\nto fight Massachusetts rather than Louisiana, if fighting should\\nbecome necessary.\\nWhile she might have cheerfully taken part in further efPorts\\nto preserve the Union, if her sister States of the South had co-\\noperated therein, and while she might have preferred such action,\\nyet, when they put fortune to the hazard by separation, and she\\nhad to go with them or their enemies, she turned to them as\\nnaturally, promptly, and unalterably as the needle to the pole.\\nJohn H. Brown, of Bell; Pryor Lea, of Goliad; Malcolm D.\\nGraham, of Rusk George Flournoy, of Travis, and A. P. Wiley,\\nhaving been appointed a committee for that purpose, prepared\\na declaration setting forth the causes that impelled the State of\\nTexas to secede. This was reported to and adopted by the con-\\nvention, February 2d.\\nThe States of Maine, says the declaration, Vermont, New\\nHampshire, Connecticut, Ehode Island, Massachusetts, New\\nYork, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Iowa, by\\nsolemn legislative enactments, have deliberately, directly or in-\\ndirectly, violated the third clause of the second section of the\\nfourth article of the Federal Constitution, and laws passed in\\npursuance thereof, thereby annuling a material provision of the\\ncompact, designed by its framers to perpetuate amity between\\nthe members of the confederacy and to secure the right of the\\nslave liolding States in their domestic institutions, a provision\\nfounded in justice and wisdom, and without the enforcement of\\nwhich the compact fails to accomplish the object of its creation.\\nSome of these States have imposed high fines and degrading\\npenalties upon any of their citizens, or any of their officers, who", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0346.jp2"}, "347": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 307\\nmay carry into effect in good faith that provision of the com-\\npact, or the Federal laws enacted in accordance therewith.\\nNullification Laws. Under this head the Ledger of Tues-\\nday cites the acts passed by thirteen of the Northern States, in\\ncontravention of the fugitive slave law and of that section of the\\nConstitution which requires their rendition to their owners.\\nThe States whose legislative acts are thus cited are Maine, New\\nHampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode\\nIsland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Illinois, In-\\ndiana, Iowa, and Wisconsin.\\nThe Fugitive Slave Law. They have proclaimed, and at\\nthe ballot box sustained, the revolutionary doctrine that there is a\\nhigher law than the Constitution and laws of our Federal\\nUnion, and, virtually, that they will disregard their oaths and\\ntrample upon our rights. They have for years past encouraged\\nand sustained lawless organizations to steal our slaves and pre-\\nvent their recapture, and have repeatedly murdered Southern\\ncitizens while lawfully seeking their rendition. They have in-\\nvaded Southern soil and murdered unoffending citizens, and\\nthrough the press, their leading men, and a fanatical pulpit,\\nhave bestowed praises upon the actors and assassins in these\\ncrimes, while the Governors of several of these States have re-\\nfused to deliver parties, implicated and indicted for participa-\\ntion in such offenses, upon the legal demands of the States ag-\\ngrieved.\\nAs shown by the above, the chief wrongs complained of were\\nthe action of the States nullifying the fugitive slave law, the\\ndoctrine of ^higher lawism, and the general approval in the\\nNorth of the John Brown raid. We thought once that slave-\\nholders had some rights in the territories, but the idea was\\nscouted now in the North. The struggle had narrowed down,\\nwith the slave States, to one for existence.\\nThe following were chosen as the representatives of Texas in\\nthe Congress of the seceding States at Montgomery Our former\\nUnited States Senators, John Hemphill and Louis T. Wigfall;\\nJohn Gregg, Wm. B. Ochiltree, W. S. Oldham, John A. Wil-\\ncox, and F. B. Sexton, and they set out at once for the Confeder-\\nate capital.\\nThe convention submitted the question of secession to a popu-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0347.jp2"}, "348": {"fulltext": "308 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nlar vote, and after appointing a committee of pnblic safety and\\ninvesting it with plenary powers to act in the interim, the con-\\nvention adjourned February 4th to reassemble on the 2d day of\\nMarch, the twenty-fifth anniversary of the natal day of Texan\\nindependence.\\nHouston issued an address to the people in which he said I\\nprotest, in the name of the people of Texas, against all the acts\\nand doings of the convention, and declare them null and void.\\nThe committee of public safety consisted of the following gen-\\ntlemen:^^ Judge Jno. C. Eobertson, of Smith, chairman; Jas.\\nKodgers, of Marion; A. T. Eainey, of Anderson; J. E. Arm-\\nstrong, of Eusk; W. P. Eogers, of Harris; J. M. Norris, of\\nCoryell; T. J. Devine, of Bexar; W. Miller, of Bastrop; J. J.\\nDiamond, of Cooke; C. L. Cleveland, of Liberty; P. N. Luckett,\\nof Nueces; Jno. A. Green, of Travis; Jno. Henry Brown, of\\nBell J. G. Thompson, of Fannin Jas. Hooper, of Hunt F. W.\\n8 6 Judge John C. Robertson was a native of Georgia, but was raised\\non his father s plantation in Chambers County, Alabama. He received\\na liberal education and graduated in the law department of Cambridge\\nUniversity at the time Judges Story and Greenleaf were professors of\\nlaw in that institution. He moved to Texas in the early part of 1S52,\\nand practiced law in Henderson for a short while in partnership with\\nthe late Wm Stedman. He was elected a delegate to the Secession\\nConvention of 1860. He afterwards enlisted in the Confederate army,\\nand was elected lieutenant-colonel of Col. A. W. Terrell s regiment of\\ncavalry. He served through the war and was in all of the battles of\\nthe Louisiana campaign. He returned home after the war and resumed\\nthe practice of law, associating with him Hon. W. S. Herndon, who\\nwas then rapidly rising in his profession. They established a large and\\nextensive practice at Tyler, during which time they had associated\\nwith them Judge Sawnie Robertson, Judge Robertson s oldest son, who\\nafterwards became a judge of the Texas Supreme Court. In 1878 Judge\\nRobertson was elected district judg-e of the old Tyler district, succeed-\\ning Judge M. H. Bonner, who was elevated to the Supreme Court. He\\nwas again re-elected in 1880 for the full term of four years, and be-\\nfore its expiration he decided to retire to private life, but returned to\\nthe practice for a short time afterwards, being associated with Judge\\n.John M. Duncan, of Tyler. He died at his home in Tyler in August,\\n1895, in the 71st year of his age.\\nJudge Terrell, while highly esteeming Judge Robertson as a man,\\nalso greatly respected him for his civic and military abilities. The ed-\\nitor long enjoyed the intimate acquaintance of Judge Robertson, and he\\nmourned his death as that of a very dear friend. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0348.jp2"}, "349": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 309\\nLatham, of Cameron; Chas. Ganahl, of Kerr; John S. Ford, of\\nCameron and my brother, Thos. S. Lubbock, of Harris.\\nThe delicate task of ridding Texas of the United States troops\\nin her borders and providing for the safety of onr frontier was\\nassigned to them. A sub-committee, consisting of Messrs. Maver-\\nick, Devine, and Luckett, induced Gen. Twiggs, department com-\\nmander at San Antonio (by negotiation, and the display of force\\nunder Ben McCulloch), to surrender the United States govern-\\nment property and to agree to withdraw all the United States\\ntroops, numbering about 2600, from the State. This bloodless\\nachievement reflected great credit on the whole committee and\\ntheir able but prudent chairman. Judge Robertson. These\\nUnited States troops began to rendezvous at Green Lake, pre-\\nparatory to embarking for ISTew York, but the war coming on,\\nthey were all captured by the force under Maj. Earl Van Dorn,\\nand paroled before being permitted to leave Texas.\\nDuring the recess of the convention a part of the committee\\nof public safety held a session at Galveston and dispatched an\\nexpedition of four hundred men, under Colonel Ford, with two\\ncommissioners, E. B. Nichols and Wetter, to the Rio\\nGrande. En route. Ford captured Brazos Santiago and a\\nsmall Federal garrison at Brownsville, and United States author-\\nity ceased on the lower Mexican border. A month or so after\\nthis Colonel Ford campaigned in this section with a part of the\\nregiment given him by the convention, while the other part, un-\\nder his lieutenant-colonel, John P. Baylor, occupied El Paso.\\nThe convention provided that this regiment of mounted vol-\\nunteers should continue under State control till received into the\\nConfederate service. Edwin Waller was Ford s major.\\nThe popular vote stood 39,415 for and 13,841 against the or-\\ndinance of secession.\\nThe secession convention reassembled March 2, canvassed the\\nreturns, and announced the result, and on the 4th passed an\\nordinance uniting Texas with the Confederate States of Amer-\\nica; and further ordained, that the delegation theretofore ap-\\npointed to the Congress of the Confederate States be authorized\\nto act in said Congress as the dul}^ accredited representatives\\nof Texas. But the permanent Constitution adopted by the Con-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0349.jp2"}, "350": {"fulltext": "310 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ngress was not to become obligatory upon Texas until approved\\nin some satisfactory way.\\nA copy of the permanent Constitution of the Confederate\\nStates having been forwarded to Austin by our delegate at Mont-\\ngomery, the convention, after due consideration, proceeded to\\nadopt it by a vote of 128 in favor of to 2 against it. As all the\\ngood features of the old United States Constitution were re-\\ntained in the new Confederate Constitution, with some addi-\\ntional guaranties of the rights of the States, it was not deemed\\nadvisable to defer its adoption by referring it to the popular vote.\\nThe unionists raised an additional howl at this, seeming to for-\\nget, or rather to be ignorant of the fact, that the United States\\nConstitution was adopted by conventions in the original States.\\nIf the people ever voted on the Declaration of Independence, I\\nhave been misinformed.\\nTexas having now become a member of the Southern Confed-\\neracy by deliberate act of her people, the convention passed an\\nordinance requiring all State officers to subscribe to an oath to\\nsupport the Confederate Constitution, fixing March 16th as the\\ntime for the observance of that ceremony. On the day and at\\nthe hour (12 m.) appointed, all of the State officials took the\\noath with the exception of Governor Houston, Secretary of State\\nE. W. Cave, and Attorney- General A. B. Norton, who failed to\\nappear.\\nThe convention thereupon declared the offices vacant, and on\\nthe 18th Lieutenant-Governor Edward Clark formally entered\\nupon his duties as Governor of Texas.\\nThe convention having completed its labors adjourned sine die\\non the 26th of March.\\nThe secession convention was undoubtedly composed of the\\nleading men of Texas. A partial list of the names of the mem-\\nbers will verify this assertion Edwin Waller, Amzi Bradshaw,\\nJno. Henry Brown, Thos. J. Chambers, Thos. S. Lubbock, Jas.\\nM. Maxey, Geo. W. Chilton, Chas. L. Cleveland, Eichard Coke,\\nJohn W. Dancy, Thos. J. Devine, George Flournoy, Spencer\\nFord, John S. Ford, Chas. Stewart, F. S. Stockdale, B. F. Terry,\\nNathaniel Terry, J. W. Hutcheson, Joh n Ireland, Thos. J. Jen-\\nnings, Malcolm D. Graham, Peter W. Gray, John A. Green, Phil.\\nT. Herbert, A. W. 0. Hicks, A. M. Hobby, E. B. Nichols, James", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0350.jp2"}, "351": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 311\\nW. Korris, A. T. Obenchain, W. B. Ochiltree, W. S. Oldham, A.\\nT. Eainey, John H. Eeagan, E. S. C. Eobertson, John C. Rob-\\nertson, Eobt. S. Gould, Wm. P. Eogers, John Eugely, H. E.\\nEimnels, Pryor Lea, John A. Wilcox, A. P. Wiley, Allison Nel-\\nson, John Gregg, Wm. P. Hardeman, Jerome B. Eobertson, Wm.\\nE. Scurry, John A. Wharton, and Joseph L. Hogg. The last\\nseven named became generals in the Confederate array. In the\\nlist are also found the names of one ex-Governor and two future\\nGovernors, with a brilliant array of names distinguished in all\\nthe walks of life, civil and military.\\nWhile these exciting events were transpiring in Texas I re-\\nmained quietly on my ranch, but taking a deep interest in pub-\\nlic affairs. Like secessionists generally, I deprecated war; but\\ncould now see but little hope of averting it, except by submission\\nto abolition rule.\\nThere were some, however, who believed, or rather hoped, that\\nsteps could be devised that would result in the preservation of\\nthe Union.\\nA congressional committee, composed of Eepublicans and\\nDemocrats, was appointed with this end in view, but accom-\\nplished nothing, as the Eepubliean members jeeringly and in-\\nsultingly rejected every proposition submitted and refused to\\nsubmit any in turn.\\nThe Peace Congress at Washington (presided over by ex-Presi-\\ndent Tyler) also failed to effect an adjustment of the differences\\nwhich is not surprising, in view of the fact that it was boldly\\navowed on the part of the North there would be no more slave\\nStates or rendition of fugitive slaves.^^\\nAll that now remained to be done was to effect an agreement\\nbetween the States remaining in the Union and those retiring\\nfrom it, for an equitable apportionment of the public debt and\\ndivision of public property.\\nThe Confederate authorities at Montgomery sent commission-\\ners to Washington for this purpose but, confident of success in\\na physical struggle, the Federal government rejected the peace-\\nful solution proffered by the Confederates and began active prep-\\nThe Yankee abolitionists appear never to have been honest enough\\nto contemphite emancipation accompanied by compensation to the own-\\ners of the slaves, the policy pursued by the British in the West Indies.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0351.jp2"}, "352": {"fulltext": "312 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\narations for war. It was only a question of time when a collision\\nwould occur. The occasion soon arose on the attempted rein-\\nforcement of Fort Sumter, in Charleston harbor, which the\\nUnited States government refused to give up on the secession of\\nSouth Carolina. On learning that a Federal fleet with 2500\\nmen on board had sailed from New York for the purpose of re-\\ninforcing the garrison at Sumter, the Confederates opened fire\\non the fort and compelled its surrender. Thus, by no act of\\nour own, the war was forced upon us. If an enemy advances\\nupon you in a threatening manner with a drawn dagger, you\\nmay shoot him down with your pistol before he gets close enough\\nto strike you and the firing of your pistol would not be the be-\\nginning of the fight and you would not be the aggressor. So it\\nseemed to me then, and so it seems now.\\nThe fall of Sumter^ was followed by a call from President\\nLincoln for 75,000 troops to suppress what he called the insur-\\nrection in a certain district. Virginia, North Carolina, Tennes-\\nsee, and Arkansas immediately withdrew from the Union and\\nlinked their fortunes with those of the other Southern States.\\nWe had now eleven States and a white population of about\\n5,500,000. Still, the odds against us were immense, a popula-\\ntion of 22,000,000, a regular army and navy,^^ and the prestige\\nof an established government. It is no wonder that Secretary\\nSeward boasted that the Confederacy would be knocked to pieces\\nin less than ninety days.\\nThe most serious aspect of the situation was the unbroken\\nfront of the North, that had apparently risen as one man against\\nus. We had never calculated on having to fight a united North.\\nOur Democratic friends had assured us that they would stand\\n8 The first gun of the civil war was fired in 1859 by John Brown\\nat Harper s Ferry, and Old Glory, then detested by Northern fanatics,\\nwas hauled down from the United States fort and trampled upon with-\\nout ceremony. Northern governors refused to extradite those of Brown s\\noutlaws who escaped to their States.\\nSuch an outrage as the Harper s Ferry affair would undoubtedly be\\ncasu\u00c2\u00bb beUi between independent powers. The Constitution had failed\\nto give domestic tranquillity to the States in the Union.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ed.\\n8 8 The complaints of Yankee writers about their unpreparedness for\\nwar appear childish when it is considered that the Confederates did not\\nhave a single ship or regular soldier in the winter of 1860-61.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0352.jp2"}, "353": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 313\\nin the breach and give the Republicans enough to attend to at\\nhome. Instead of that, however, a majority of them (the war\\nDemocrats), under Mr. Douglas, went over boot and baggage\\nto the enemy. This unexpected treachery of the war Democracy\\nin the North revealed to us the magnitude of the struggle await-\\ning us.\\nI never took any stock in the rumors of foreign intervention,\\nand I always held that our independence must be won by force of\\nour unaided arms. Our foreign allies in the Revolutionary War,\\nit is true, decided the contest in our favor; but circumstances\\nwere different with us. Our peculiar institution was opposed by\\nthe civilized world, and there was but little reason to expect help\\nfrom Europe.\\nBe this as it may, we were in the war and now had to fight it\\nout, and like true Americans the Confederates rushed to the\\nfray without counting the odds.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0353.jp2"}, "354": {"fulltext": "314 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTER EIGHTEEN.\\nUnion Element in Texas Frank Terry, Tom Lubbock, and Tom Goree\\nat the Front Compliments for Gallantry at Manassas Military Ope-\\nrations in the State Shelling at Galveston Protest of Foreign Con-\\nsuls to Captain Alden My Candidacy for Governor Dallas Conven-\\ntion Terry Rangers Trip to Richmond and First Impressions of\\nPresident Davis On My Way Home I Saw Tom for the Last Time.\\nA small but able faction in Texas, whose acknowledged leaders\\nwere the Hancocks (John and George), E. J. Davis, A. J. Ham-\\nilton, Geo. W. Paschal, E. M. Pease, A. B. Norton, and Swante\\nPalm, continued steadfast to the Union during the entire war.\\nOutside of this, the white population of Texas supported the\\nConfederacy with practical unanimity.\\nImmediately after the adjournment of the Secession Conven-\\ntion Tom S. Lubbock and Geo. Goldthwaite journeyed post haste\\nto the then Confederate capital at Montgomery and solicited\\ncommissions to raise troops for the Confederate service but\\ntheir request was not granted, the Secretary of War stating that\\nit would, in his opinion, be unnecessary to organize troops in a\\nState so distant as Texas, that the cost of transportation would\\nbe too great, that enough men could be enlisted nearer the scene\\nof actual conflict, and that the war would be of short duration.\\nTom com.batted these opinions with all the eloquence and logic\\nthat he could command, but in vain. Somewhat chagrined and\\nindignant, he returned to Texas. After remaining at home a few\\ndays he determined to go to Virginia on the front line, nearest\\nthe enemy. I was a member of the convention, said he, and\\nadvocated secession, and I will be in the first battle for the main-\\ntenance of the Confederate government.\\n38 A Houston Telegraph correspondent, under date of May 15th, thus\\nwrites of the Texans then at Montgomery:\\nAmong distinguished citizens of Texas now in this city are Hon.\\nThos. S. Lubbock and George Goldthwaite, Esq., of your city. The\\nformer gentleman is without doubt concocting some scheme to the det-\\nriment of Old Abe s peace, and that of Yankeedom in general, and,\\nfrom his well known character, we feel assured that anything he may\\nattempt will be carried out successfully.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0354.jp2"}, "355": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS, 315\\nFrank Terry was a member of the Convention, and, like Tom,\\na fiery secessionist. Together with Tom Goree, they left Hous-\\nton for Virginia early in June.^\\nEeaching Virginia in July, they pushed on to the Confederate\\narmy near Manassas, sought out General Longstreet, and re-\\nquested to be assigned to duty. They were well received by the\\nGeneral, who at once assigned Goree to staff duty with himself.\\nThis position he held until the surrender, retaining the con-\\nfidence and esteem of his chief during the entire war; Terry\\nand Lubbock were assigned by General Longstreet to very im-\\nportant scouting duty, and all three had the honor of par-\\nticipating in the battle of Manassas, the first great battle of\\nthe war, and rendered valuable service, winning the following\\nfavorable mention from General Longstreet in his official report\\nof the engagement About an hour after my position was\\ntaken, it was discovered by a reconnoissance, made by Colonels\\nTerry and Lubbock, that the enemy were moving in heavy col-\\numns towards our left. This information was at once\\nsent to headquarters. Colonels Terry and Lubbock then\\nvolunteered to make a reconnoissance of the position of the ene-\\nmy s batteries. They made a very gallant and complete one and\\na hasty sketch of his entire left. This information was for-\\nwarded to the commanding general with the suggestion that the\\nbatteries be taken. The general orders were promptly issued to\\nthat effect. Early next day I sent Colonel Terry for-\\nward, under the protection of Captain Whitehead s troop, to pick\\nup stragglers, army stores, and other property that had been\\nThe Houston Telegraph of May 31 said editorially:\\nCapt. T. S. Lubbock s guerrillas will leave Houston on or about the\\n5th of June to participate in the war. They are made up of men ex-\\npecting to pay their own way. Every man will furnish his own horse\\nand saddle and take with him $250 in money. AbouL fifty men are now\\nready. Daring enterprise and bold strokes are in reserve for this com-\\npany.\\nJune 15th a guerrilla writes from Brashear City, La.: The guer-\\nrillas are composed, so far, of Colonels Terry, Wharton, Goree, and\\nHatcher, and Captains Lubbock, Conner, et al. We will organize our-\\nselves into a regiment, elect our field officers, and what few captains,\\nnon-commissioned officers and privates we may need we will raise after\\nwe get to Virginia. The guerrilla regiment spoken of was never\\nraised Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0355.jp2"}, "356": {"fulltext": "316 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nabandoned by the enemy. I have been too much occupied to get\\nthe names, or the number of prisoners. Colonel Terry\\ncaptured the Federal flag, said to have been made, in anticipa-\\ntion of victory, to be hoisted over our position at Manassas. He\\nalso shot from the cupola of the courthouse at Fairfax the Fed-\\neral flag left there. These were also duly forwarded to the com-\\nmanding general. Colonels B. F. Terry and T. S. Lub-\\nbock (of the volunteer staff) were very active and energetic.\\nWhen unoccupied, they repeatedly volunteered their services to\\nmake reconnoissances. They were very gallantly seconded by\\nCaptains T. Goree and Chichester, who were also very useful in\\nconveying orders.\\nIn General Beauregard s report is the following commenda-\\ntory notice:\\nIt is also proper to acknowledge the signal services rendered\\nby Cols. B. F. Terry and T. S. Lubbock, of Texas, who had at-\\ntached themselves to the staff of General Longstreet. These gen-\\ntlemen made daring and valuable reconnoissances of the enemy s\\npositions, assisted by Captains Goree and Chichester; they also\\ncarried orders to the field and on the following day accompanied\\nCaptain Whitehead s troop to take possession of Fairfax Court\\nHouse. Colonel Terry, with his unerring rifle, severed from its\\nstaff the Federal flag found still floating from the cupola of the\\ncourthouse there, and it fluttered to the ground. He also se-\\ncured a large Federal garrison flag, designed, it is said, to be\\nunfurled over our entrenchments at Manassas.\\nThe day after the battle my friend. General Waul, sent me\\nthe following telegram:\\nEiCHMOND, July 22, 186L\\nTo F. R. LuUocTc:\\nTerry and Lubbock gained laurels in the battle at Manassas.\\nThey are unhurt. T. N. Waul.\\nAs Terry and Lubbock were known to have been in the bat-\\ntle, this message relieved my mind from anxiety.\\nHon. Sam C. Upshaw, now an ex-State Senator of Texas,\\nparticipated in the battle in a Mississippi command, and it is\\npossible that other Texans were present.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0356.jp2"}, "357": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 317\\nThe first call on Governor Clark was for 3000 men, and the\\nnext for 5000 to have them in readiness to march on receipt\\nof orders from the Secretary of War. The first Confederate\\ntroops to leave Texas were twenty companies of infantry for Vir-\\nginia. Our northern border was cleared of enemies by Col. W.\\nC. Young, who, with his regiment, crossed Eed River in May,\\ncaptured Fort Arbuckle, drove the United States troops out of\\nthe Indian Territory into Kansas, and secured by treaty the\\nfriendship of the Choctaws and Chickasaws. Our coast cities\\nwere all open to attack. The old San Jacinto veteran. Gen Sid-\\nney Sherman, repaired to the coast under orders from the Com-\\nmittee of Public Safety to look after the fortifications of Galves-\\nton. Sand banks along shore constituted too feeble a defense to\\nresist an enterprising enemy like ours. The only guns on hand\\nwith which to man regular works were a few cannon and some\\nmunitions of war captured at Brazos Santiago. Before any-\\nthing could be done of material benefit. General Sherman was\\nrelieved from his arduous position by the Confederate officer,\\nCapt. Jno. H. Moore,* from New Orleans, who proceeded in\\nApril, 1861, to fortify Galveston as best he could, putting such\\ncannon as he could procure on truck-carriages and hewn timber\\nplatforms behind sandbag breastworks. The captain next raised\\na company of Confederate troops to man the batteries, and did\\nmuch to inspire confidence. The cannon taken at Fort Clark\\nwere also utilized in coast defenses, under the direction of a\\nConfederate engineer sent out by President Davis.\\nWhen it was known in Galveston that the United States troops\\nwere about to embark at Indianola a call was made for volun-\\nteers, and about seventy men responded. This force at once\\nsailed for Pass Cavallo on board the Matagorda. At Saluria the\\ntroops were transferred to the General Eusk.\\nAt midnight the Rusk was hailed by the United States ship\\nStar of the West, lying outside the bar (off Pass Cavallo) in\\ndeep water and waiting for the transport Fashion to bring out\\nthe Federal troops from Indianola.\\nCapt. Leon Smith answered The General Rusk with troops\\non board. Can you take our line now\\nColonel Moore was made commandant of Galveston Island by Gen-\\neral Hebert in the following October.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0357.jp2"}, "358": {"fulltext": "318 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCertainly/ replied Captain Howe from the quarter-deck of\\nthe Federal vessel. He then asked why the Fashion had not\\nbrought the troops, and was told that the Rusk had brought out\\nthe first installment and the Fashion would be along in a few\\nhours with the rest of the troops and their baggage.\\nCaptain Howe hardly had time to look at them before they\\npresented bayonets, and their officer commanded him to surren-\\nder.\\nTo what flag am I requested to surrender? he asked.\\nEnsign Duggan of the Wigfall Guards thereupon stepped for-\\nward with the lone star flag of Texas, and said in his richest\\nbrogue That s it Look at it Me byes, did ye ever see\\nthe Texas flag on an Irish jackstaff before?\\nThe Yankee captain had been fairly caught in a trap from\\nwhich extrication was impossible, and, seeing that resistance\\nwould be useless, he surrendered with the best grace he could,\\nhimself, his crew of forty-two men, and his vessel. The cap-\\ntured cargo consisted of 900 barrels of provisions, which prftved\\na very timely and welcome addition to the larder of our troops.\\nThe Star of the West was convoyed to Galveston, but being of\\ntoo heavy draft to cross the bar, was taken to New Orleans and\\ndelivered to the Confederate States naval authorities.\\nThe extension of Lincoln s blockade to the Texan coast brought\\nthe usual discomforts, interruptions of trade, and actual loss of\\nproperty incident to such a state of siege.\\nIt being reported July 9, 1861, that a steamer had been sighted\\nin the gulf off Galveston Island, Captain Chubb, with his pilot\\nboat, the Royal Yacht, accompanied by Col. J. S. Sydnor, sailed\\nout to ascertain her character and the object of her visit.\\nDisplaying a white flag, Captain Chubb and Colonel Sydnor\\nwere assisted on board the steamer, and a friendly conversation\\nensued. They were told that the steamer had come to blockade\\nthe port and was the Federal ship of war, South Carolina, from\\nCharlestown, Mass., commanded by Captain Alden. Captain Al-\\nden said that it was his desire to have a friendly intercourse with\\nthe citizens, many of whom he hoped were for the Union. When\\ntold by Captain Chubb that there were no TJnion men in Galves-\\nton, he expressed his surprise and regrets. Great God said", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0358.jp2"}, "359": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 319\\nhe, Is it possible that you have really none among you who are\\nstill loyal to the government of our fathers\\nFurther conversation disclosed the fact that he and Captain\\nChubb were natives of the same city, and were well acquainted\\nwith each other s families. This gave a pleasant turn to the talk,\\nand Alden expressed a desire to receive friendly visits from the\\ncitizens, and especially from General Houston. Being told that\\nGeneral Houston was no longer a Union man, he again expressed\\nsurprise and regrets.\\nThe South Carolina was a propeller, 270 feet long, three 42-\\npounder guns in each broadside, a swivel gun, several smaller\\npieces forward and aft. Alden said he would allow jieutral ves-\\nsels five days in which to leave the port. Later the South Caro-\\nlina suddenly and unexpectedly steamed into the harbor, seized\\nfive small vessels, including the yacht Dart and the sloops Shark\\nand Falcon, and put to sea. She returned August 3d, accom-\\npanied by the Dart (converted into a war vessel) The Dart came\\nclose inshore, fired a few shots, and retired. The next day the\\nSouth Carolina made her appearance in a menacing attitude\\nabreast the Confederate defenses, and was fired on by the Galves-\\nton batteries. The shots from the vessel were directed at the bat-\\nteries, but were thrown at such an elevation as to leave no doubt\\nof the wanton intention to destroy the town. Several of them\\nfell and exploded a distance of half a mile from the fort, in town,\\na large piece of shell falling near the public square. Some went\\nover the east side of the city, but did no damage. One shell ex-\\nploded in a garden about a quarter of a mile in the rear of the\\nbatteries. Sixteen shots from the steamer were replied to by\\nfourteen from the batteries, the only casualty on shore being the\\nkilling of an Italian or Portuguese noncombatant. After the\\nseventh shot the steamer kept shifting her position to destroy\\nthe accuracy of our fire, and after our twelfth shot she began\\nworking her way toward the channel, and soon thereafter was\\nin full flight, making her way to the protection of the gulf under\\nall the steam she could carry. The engagement lasted about half\\nan hour. The South Carolina resumed her position outside the\\nbar to prevent the ingress or egress of vessels.\\nThe Houston Telegraph said We learn that our friend\\nCave, of the Civilian, acted during the bombardment at Galves-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0359.jp2"}, "360": {"fulltext": "320 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nton on Saturday evening as volunteer aide to Colonel Moore, and\\nbore his orders on horseback from battery to battery under fire\\nof the enemy. He remained with Colonel Moore until the close\\nof the firing. With the modesty that is so admirably character-\\nistic of him, he passes over the part he bore in the affair alto-\\ngether without notice in the minute account published by him\\nin the Civilian.\\nUnder date of August 5th, the foreign consuls stationed at\\nGalveston addressed a formal note of protest to Captain Alden,\\nin which they said: The undersigned consuls and vice-consuls\\nat Galveston consider it their duty to enter their solemn protest\\nagainst your bombardment of this city on the evening of the 3d\\ninst., without having given any notice so that the women and\\nchildren might have been removed; and also against your firing\\na shell into the midst of a large crowd of unarmed citizens,\\namong whom were many women and children, causing thereby\\nthe death of an unoffending Portuguese, and wounding boys and\\npeacefully disposed persons, as acts of inhumanity unrecognized\\nin modern warfare, and meriting the condemnation of Christian\\nand civilized nations. The note was signed, among others, by\\nArthur Lynn, British consul, and the consuls for France, Spain,\\nBelgium, Holland, Austria, and Prussia.\\nIn reply Alden claimed that he had been fired on first (a lame\\nexcuse, had it been true, as he had forced the fire), and, con-\\ntinuing, said: You protest against my firing a shell into a\\ncrowd of unarmed citizens, among whom were many women and\\nchildren. Good God, gentlemen, do you think such an act was\\npremeditated Besides, was it not the duty of the military com-\\nmandant (who, by his act in the morning, had invited me to the\\ncontest) to see that all such were out of the way Did he not have\\nall day to prepare? In conclusion, let me add that no\\none can regret the injury to unoffending citizens more than I do.\\nStill I find no complaints of my acts coming from\\nmilitary or civil authorities of Galveston, and with due deference\\nto your consideration and humanity, I must respectfully remark\\nthat it is the first time I have ever heard that the women and\\nchildren and unarmed citizens of our American towns were un-\\nder the protection of foreign consuls.\\nDuring the summer, Lieutenant Colonel Baylor conquered", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0360.jp2"}, "361": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 321\\nArizona, capturing or expelling all the United States troops\\nthere.\\nAfter consultation with friends, and some reflection on the\\nmatter, I determined to be a candidate for Governor at the en-\\nsuing August election. I wished to be the executive head of\\nTexas, that I might support the Confederacy and assist in the\\nvigorous prosecution of the war for independence. My experi-\\nence in canvassing for Lieutenant-Governor gave me an idea of\\npublic sentiment towards me, and I thought, as did some of my\\nfriends, that I could be elected. I believed I could make Texas\\na passably good Governor. I knew that if elected I would give\\nto the people an honest, faithful administration; therefore, on\\nthe 18th of April, 1861, from my home on Sims Bayou, Har-\\nris County, I issued an address to the voters of the State of\\nTexas, announcing myself as a candidate for the office of Gov-\\nernor. In that address I said\\nSince determining to be a candidate, I have learned that many\\ncitizens numbering among them some of our most intelligent\\nand patriotic men have advised the calling of a nominating\\nconvention, ignoring all the former party issues, basing the pres-\\nent call entirely upon the great issue now being tried, of adhesion\\nto the cause of Southern rights against those who may favor the\\nidea of a reconstruction of the government. It is well known\\nthat I have ever been a States Eights Democrat, without change\\nor turning, and in favor of strict party organization. When,\\nhowever, the great issue was to be met and fought between the\\ntrue sons of the South and the Black Kepublicans of the North,\\nI was willing and did drop all party lines, and touched elbows\\nwith all true men without regard to party differences. If, there-\\nfore, a convention should be called at this time with a view to\\nnominating candidates for State offices, I have no hesitation in\\nsaying that all who are known to be loyal and true to the present\\nState and Confederate governments should be invited to partici-\\npate in its deliberations and actions, and I am free to say that if\\nsuch a convention is determined upon and held by the people, I\\nwill most cheerfully bow to its behests, whether its action be fa-\\nvorable to my present expectation or otherwise. Should you, my\\nfellow citizens, call me to the position to which I aspire al-\\nthough I may not be so presumptuous as to say I will discharge\\n21", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0361.jp2"}, "362": {"fulltext": "322 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe duties with ability I will pledge myself to act as I have\\never done in every place I have accepted, honestly, impartially,\\nand faithfully, administering the government economically but\\nvigorously, protecting our people everywhere over our broad\\nState, and using every means to defend our fair land from the\\ntread of the merciless and ruthless invader, even though it should\\ncost millions of treasure and streams of blood.\\nAnd it has been charged that the Southern people were led into\\nsecession by designing politicians. The charge is not true. On\\nthe contrary, the people themselves were the authors of and re-\\nsponsible for the act, being impelled to it by a long train of\\ncauses of which it was not only a logical, but inevitable result.\\nThey urged prompt measures throughout the entire South. They\\ntook the lead and so impressed the public men and politicians\\nwith their determination to have the troubles between the South\\nand the North settled by separation that the public men and\\npoliticians had to follow. Mr. Davis, an acknowledged leader,\\nwas opposed to the movement, and did not favor it until the peo-\\nple of his own State had seceded.\\nThe question of co-operation, that was, for one State to wait\\nthe action of the others, and then to confer before seceding, was\\nvoted down by the people; particularly was it overwhelmingly\\nvoted down in Texas. It will not be denied that Gen. Sam Hous-\\nton, then Governor of Texas, the ablest and most popular man in\\nthe State, supported in his views by many other able men, could\\nnot stem the current of popular sentiment, and they were com-\\npelled to yield to the decided and determined wishes of the\\nmasses. All such retired quietly to private life, or ignobly joined\\nthe ranks of those who insulted and made war upon their own\\nState, or, taking a middle stand that any honorable man can\\nappreciate, kept their allegiance to Texas and cheerfully ren-\\ndered such assistance as they could.\\nThe people of the entire State were on the alert. Every man\\nwas awake to the importance of the crisis, and was discussing\\nwhat was best to be done. Some proposed a nominating con-\\nvention on the one vital issue of sustaining the action of the seces-\\nsion convention in withdrawing Texas from the Union and of\\ncarrying on the war, then fully inaugurated. My competitors for\\nGovernor, Gen. T. J. Chambers and Gov. Ed. Clark, both Demo-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0362.jp2"}, "363": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S, MEMOIRS. 323\\ncrats and secessionists, were as fully committed on these ques-\\ntions as myself. Hence it was merely the choice of the man to\\nenforce the existing policy.\\nThe State Democratic convention met at Dallas May 27, 1861,\\nat 1 p. m.\\nCol. John M. Crockett, of Dallas, was elected temporary chair-\\nman and Junius W. Smith, of Tarrant, W. H. Thomas, of Dal-\\nlas, W. J. Sparks, of Wood, were appointed secretaries.\\nOn calling the list of counties, the following responded Col-\\nlin, Coryell, Cherokee, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Grayson, Harrison,\\nHardin,^ Hopkins, Jasper, Lamar, Navarro, Parker, Palo Pinto,\\nEusk, Tarrant, Tyler, Marion, Wood, Wise, and Young.\\nOn motion of T. M. Likens, of Rusk, gentlemen present from\\ncounties unrepresented were invited to take seats in the convt^n-\\ntion and participate in its debates.\\nThe following were appointed a committee on permanent or-\\nganization M. D. Ector, Thos. J. Johnson, Ward Taylor, A. U.\\nWright, J. W. Angel, J. A. White, J. J. Howe, D. R. Wood, Geo.\\nWilson, J. L. Lovejoy, J. M. Hardeman, W. E. Sanders, P. Mur-\\nrah, L. Yates, B. F. Ross, L. T. Wheeler, J. W. Squyers; and the\\nfollowdng a committee on credentials J. W. Smith, A. W. Craw-\\nford, R. H. Cumby, B. F. Ross, and R. W. Lunday.\\nIn perfecting permanent organization, Maj. T. M. Likens was\\nelected chairman Col. John M. Crockett and B. F. Ross, vice-\\npresidents, and R. W. Lunday, W. J. Sparks, Junius W. Smith,\\nand W. H. Thomas secretaries.\\nThe committee on credentials report was adopted, and also the\\nfollowing resolution submitted by said committee:\\nThat in all cases where counties are represented by duly ac-\\ncredited delegates, those delegates shall cast the entire vote to\\nwhich such counties may be entitled, without reference to any\\nproxies from said counties and that where counties are repre-\\nsented solely by proxies, that the person or persons acting as\\nproxies shall cast the entire vote to which said counties may be\\nentitled.\\nAs there were but twenty-six counties represented, on motion\\nof J. J. Howe, the convention adjourned sine die, it being\\ndeemed unwise and impolitic to make any formal nominations\\nfor the offices of Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, and Commis-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0363.jp2"}, "364": {"fulltext": "324 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsioner of the General Land Office. The other State officials\\nwere elected the year previous, 1860.\\nThough the representation was too small to justify a nomina-\\ntion for State officials, there were some quite distinguished men\\nin attendance, such as J. M. Crockett, P. Murrah, S. B. Hen-\\ndricks, Geo. B. Lipscomb, Jas. H. Jones, T. M. Likens, M. D,\\nEctor, Malcolm D. Graham, and Dr. R. M. Gano.\\nI expected the convention to fail for lack of a quorum, and\\nconsequently did not attend. Had the convention nominated a\\nman for Governor, I would have cheerfully supported him.\\nAs there was no nomination made for Governor, it was a free-\\nfor-all race, the people to say who they wanted Clark, Cham-\\nbers, or Lubbock. We all pledged ourselves to support the war,\\nand- there was nothing else discussed.\\nBoth Clark and Chambers made an active canvass. Having\\ngone over the State so thoroughly two years before in my second\\ncontest for Liuetenant-Governor, I determined to do but little\\nin that direction, and made very few speeches. Many good\\nfriends interested themselves in my behalf. E. H. Cushing, then\\nof the Houston Telegraph, and Col. John Marshall, of the Aus-\\ntin State Gazette, were notably my warm supporters. The race\\nwas a very close one between Governor Clark and myself. After\\nthe election returns were in, I wrote to the Secretary of State\\nfor the result. While not official, he informed me that I was\\ncertainly elected. This was made manifest when the soldier vote\\ncame in, for the soldier boys supported me enthusiastically.\\nThe Texans attracted so much attention by their soldierly\\nconduct and intelligent action in the first battle of Manassas,\\nColonels Terry and Lubbock were asked if a regiment such as\\nthose who had taken part in the engagement could be raised in\\nTexas for the Virginia army. The reply was, Yes; ten such\\nregiments, immediately, if desired.\\nThe result was that in a few days they left for Texas with\\nauthority from the secretary of war to raise a regiment for the\\nConfederate army in Virginia, then commanded by Gen. Joe E.\\nJohnston.\\nWhen it was announced that Terry and Lubbock had authority\\nto raise a regiment for Virginia, there was such a rush of com-\\npanies that the quota was soon full, and many had to be rejected.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0364.jp2"}, "365": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 325\\nThe rendezvous of the companies was at Houston, where they or-\\nganized, with B. F. Terry as colonel and T. S. Lubbock as lieu-\\ntenant-colonel.*^\\nAbout the last of August preparations were made to march\\nthe regiment from Houston to New Iberia, La., in two divisions,\\nand thence convey it by steamboat to New Orleans. Colonel\\nTerry led the first division, or half of his command. Some of\\nthe men were mounted; a large number, however, left Houston\\nafoot. I was glad that my neighbor, S. W. Allen, and myself felt\\nable to provide quite a number of horses for their march.\\nHaving just been elected Governor, and deciding to visit Rich-\\nmond to better inform myself of public affairs, I determined to\\naccompany the Terry Eangers, known also as the Eighth Texas\\nCavalry. The trip was a very hard one, the entire country east-\\nward to the Mississippi being under water, in many places waist\\ndeep to the men and belly deep to the horses. It was particularly\\nbad along part of the route to New Iberia. The men walking be-\\ncame so footsore and lame that they could not travel.\\nColonel Terry placed me at the head of a detail, consisting of\\ntwo intelligent men, the Tate brothers, and requested me to go\\nto the settlements and collect a train of wagons or carts, so that\\nhis footsore men could be moved on to New Iberia. After much\\nhard riding, and with great difficulty, I secured a number of\\nLouisiana carts, which very materially facilitated our advance.\\nI left my valuable saddle horse, Gim Crack, at New Iberia in\\ncharge of the hotelkeeper till my return from Eichmond. This\\nhorse was a great favorite of mine, as I had raised him on my\\nranch and liked his qualities as a roadster. I feared when leav-\\ning him that I would not find him on my return. I did, however,\\nand rode him back to Texas. On arriving at New Orleans, the\\nrangers were quartered at the cotton press, and in a few days left\\nfor Virginia. In the meantime Gen. A. S. Johnston (command-\\ning the Confederate forces in Kentucky), who knew the officers\\n*^The Telegraph of August 7th thus notes the return of Colonels\\nTerry and Lubbock: We had the pleasure of meeting our friends\\nTerry and Lubbock this morning. We welcome them back and\\nglory in them as true and noble representatives of Texan character.\\nThey have authority to raise a regiment of rangers for service in Vir-\\nginia, and we doubt not that they will take such a regiment that will\\ndo glorious service to our cause in the war.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0365.jp2"}, "366": {"fulltext": "326 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nand many of the men, had been negotiating with the Secretary of\\nWar to have the rangers assigned to him, arguing that he needed\\nJust such troops as he knew them to be, and that he could have\\nthem properly armed and equipped in his department and put\\nthem into immediate service.\\nHis request was acceded to, and Colonel Terry on reaching Chat-\\ntanooga received a dispatch ordering him to report to General\\nJohnston in Kentucky. It was a bitter disappointment to all to\\nbe diverted from their original destination, but fortunately G-en-\\neral Johnston was well known by the officers and men, and\\nthey became resigned to the inevitable, and proceeded to this\\nunexpected field of operations. The rangers at once began to\\nprove themselves worthy of the confidence of General Johnston.\\nNo better soldiers ever drew battle-blade in freedom s cause than\\nTerry s Texas Rangers. I bade the noble fellows a long farewell\\nat Chattanooga. I never saw the hero Terry in life again. He\\nfell a few months later while gallantly leading his regiment at\\nthe battle of Woodsonville, Ky. I continued my Journey to Rich-\\nmond that I might confer with President Davis and learn from\\nhim how I, when installed as Governor, could best aid the Con-\\nfederacy.\\nThe bustle and excitement of military preparations was no-\\nticeable all along the route from Texas to Virginia. The people\\nseemed entirely sure of success.\\nOn my arrival at Richmond I found the city astir with warlike\\npreparations, soldiers and officers coming and going; companies\\nmarching and drilling, the air resonant with the blare of military\\nmusic, and Confederate flags floating from public and private\\nbuildings.\\nPresident Davis had gone to the front on army business, but\\nI met him at the train on which he returned. Introducing my-\\nself, without ceremony, and explaining the object of my visit,\\nI received from him a most cordial greeting and welcome.\\nThe President imparted much information as to his plans of\\noperation, and expressed himself fully as to the ways in which\\nthe Governors of the several States could strengthen the power\\nand further the onward march of the Confederacy without im-\\npairing their rights or trenching on their sovereignty.\\nHis winning, unaffected manners impressed me very favorably.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0366.jp2"}, "367": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 327\\nand I bade him farewell with the thought (which I still hold)\\nthat he was pre-eminently fitted for the high position to which he\\nhad been called by the unanimous voice of the South.\\nDuring my few days sojourn at the Confederate capital I spent\\nthe most of my time with the Fifth Texas regiment, at Camp\\nTexas, in the vicinity, and especially with Captain Eogers com-\\npany. I left Richmond October 6, 1861, for Texas. While\\nsteaming up the Teche to New Iberia, the boat with the remain-\\ning companies of the Eighth Texas passed up, my brother, Lieut.\\nCol. Tom Lubbock being in command. We r\u00e2\u0082\u00accognized each other\\nand signaled a farewell, I going to Texas to my duties as Gov-\\nernor, and he, as a soldier, to meet the invaders at the threshold\\nof our Southland.\\nThat was our last greeting on earth.\\nThe Houston Telegraph, in speaking of my return, said\\nWe were made glad yesterday by the appearance in our sanc-\\ntum of the pleasant countenance of our friend, Hon. F. E. Lub-\\nbock, Governor-elect of the State, after an absence of some weeks,\\nranging about in the other States of the Confederacy. He is in\\nfirst-rate health, and looks every inch the popular Governor he\\nis bound to be. He sat down and told us all he saw while he was\\ngone, and, of course, we will tell the people all we have a right\\nto repeat.\\nHe was at Richmond some days, and left the camps of the\\nTexas troops at 12 o clock on the night of the 5th. He says the\\ntroops are generally well. The officers of the two regiments have\\nbeen appointed, and were, for the most part, satisfactory, though\\nmany would have preferred all the appointments had been made\\nin Texas.\\nThe last two companies of the Fifth regiment had arrived,\\nmaking the full twenty companies. The Fourth regiment was\\nunder marching orders for Western Virginia. The Fifth was in\\ndaily expectation of orders.\\nFrom conversation with those high in authority, Mr. Lub-\\nbock is satisfied that the views of the government are to protect\\nthe southern coast by pressing the war home upon the enemy on\\nthe border. He is also satisfied that a great battle may take place\\nany day. The city of Washington is pretty much shut up, and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0367.jp2"}, "368": {"fulltext": "328 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS,\\nMcClellan must soon either fight or starve. President Davis is\\nimproving in health, and looks perfectly well.\\nJudge Keagan, our Postmaster-General, has been a good deal\\nabused. We have complained a little ourself. But Governor\\nLubbock says that no man works harder than Judge Eeagan, and\\nhe believes he will do what is right as far as it is made known to\\nhim.\\nTerry and Lubbock s regiment were being provided with\\nhorses and equipments in Nashville. It will be the best mounted\\nregiment in the service.\\nWhen I reached home I began at once to get ready for my\\ninauguration as Governor.\\nIt was not without sincere regret at the thought of leaving,\\neven temporarily, our pleasant home in the country, that Mrs.\\nLubbock and I began preparations in the latter part of October\\nfor departure to the State capital. The ranch and negroes were\\nleft in charge of our stock-keeper. The ranch consisted of 1300\\nacres, about 100 of which were under cultivation. The natural\\nincrease of my herds at this time was about 100 colts and 2000\\ncalves annually. Our residence was left in the special care of\\nour neighbor, Mrs. Briscoe.\\nWe traveled by rail fifty miles to Hempstead, the terminus of\\nthe Central road, and thence by dirt road to Bastrop, myself and\\nfamily riding in a comfortable close carriage I had purchased\\nin Galveston, and the servants in a good spring wagon, which\\nalso contained a bountiful store of groceries and other supplies.\\nWe spent a few days with my brother, John B. Lubbock, and\\nour friend C. K. Hall, at Bastrop. Here I learned that there\\nwas some complication in the returns and there was a doubt as\\nto my election. At the suggestion of my intelligent and ever\\nprudent wife, who stated that it would be highly mortifying for\\nus to continue on to Austin in the manner we had traveled to\\nBastrop, and then learn that one of my opponents had been\\nelected Governor, I left her at my brother s and went on to the\\ncapital alone to acquaint myself with the true status of affairs.\\nThere I found that I had been elected, but by so small a majority\\nthat I determined to remain at Bastrop until the count was made\\nand the result declared by the Legislature.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0368.jp2"}, "369": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 329\\nCHAPTER NINETEEN.\\nLubbock s Administration Inauguration and Address Some Appoin-\\ntees Message Extracts Personnel of the Ninth Legislature His-\\ntoric Buildings\u00e2\u0080\u0094 General Hebert and Coast Operations My Burn-\\ning Letter My Veto Message Texan Forces in the Field and\\nNoted Texas Rangers.\\nThe Ninth Legislature met on the 4th day of November, 1861,\\nand each house, a quorum being present, perfected organiza-\\ntion.*^\\nThe next day both houses met in joint session in the hall of\\nrepresentatives to count the votes and announce the result.*^\\nThe following were the officers of the Senate:\\nLieutenant-Governor J. M. Crockett, president; P. De Cordova, sec-\\nretary; A. W. Steel, first assistant secretary; George W. Breeding, sec-\\nond assistant secretary; J. Q. St. Clair, engrossing clerk; F. Everett,\\nenrolling clerk; D. C. Burleson, sergeant-at-arms; J. W. Murphy, door-\\nkeeper; and William Smith, chaplain.\\nThe following were the officers of the House:\\nC. W. Buckley, speaker; W. L. Chalmers, chief clerk; W. W. Chal-\\nmers, assistant clerk; John L. Garrison, engrossing clerk; E M. Bacon,\\nenrolling clerk; William N. Henderson, sergeant-at-arms; J. Mann, as-\\nsistant sergeant-at-arms; and John L. Lovejoy, doorkeeper.\\nThe votes cast for the various candidates at the election held Au-\\ngust 5, 1861, were as follows: For Governor: F. R Lubbock, 21,854;\\nT. J. Chambers, 13,759; Edward Clark, 21,730; scattering. 85, For\\nLieutenant Governor: John M. Crockett, 38,321; F. F. Foscue, 12,160;\\nscattering, 2510. For Commissioner of the General Land Office: S.\\nCrosby, 35,689; John Henry Brown, 9492; G. W. Vanvleck. 4027: H. J.\\nJones, 1630; scattering, 429.\\nBesides the above an election was held November 6th for members of\\nthe Confederate Congress, with the following results: First district:\\nJohn A. Wilcox, 3448; E. R. Hord, 2470; and W. H. Stewart, 1409\\nvotes. Second district: C. C. Herbert, 2479; Fred Tate, 2034; A. M.\\nLewis, 1367; and F. W. Chandler. 633 votes. Third district: Peter W.\\nGray, 4952; A. P. Wiley, 1673; William R. Reagan, 21; and scattering,\\n5 votes. Fourth district: F. B. Sexton, 1644: J. L. Hogg, 1062; J. N.\\nMaxcy, 1053; T. J. Word, 926; A. W. O. Hicks, 350; and W. R. Poag,\\n100 votes. Fifth district: M. D. Graham, 2946; R. B. Hubbard, 2686;\\nand scattering, 46 votes. Sixth district: W. B. Wright, 3444; B. H.\\nEpperson 2777; T. R. Rogers. 537; R. H. Ward, 256; and scattering,\\n1 vote.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0369.jp2"}, "370": {"fulltext": "330\\nLUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nIt was declared in due form, that F. E. Lubbock, having re-\\nceived a majority of the votes, was the Governor-elect.\\nWhen the official announcement of my election reached us at\\nBastroiJ, we started at once for Austin. Our road led up the\\nwest side of the Colorado to Webberville, and thence on the east\\nside through the prairies to the capital.\\nGOV. F. R. LUBBOCK AND MRS. ADELE BARON LUBBOCK.\\nArriving at Austin, we went to the executive mansion, which\\nhad been made ready for our occupancy. We brought with us\\nexcellent servants the boys, Washington and Eli, about grown,\\nexpert in the care of horses and outdoor work, and two girls\\ntrained by Mrs. Lubbock in the culinary art and as housemaids.\\nBesides my saddle horse, Gim Crack, I had a pair of spotted\\nMorgan horses, and a pair of elegant sorrels.\\nIn the closing message of his official term. Governor Clark\\nsaid:\\nThe most general of the army difficulties was the fact that\\nthe troops were, to a great extent, required to be infantry.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0370.jp2"}, "371": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 331\\nNo practical means have been left untried to form into mili-\\ntary companies all the able-bodied men in Texas. The chief ob-\\njection to enlistment was the repugnance to infantry service.\\nThe predilections of Texans for cavalry service, founded as it is\\nupon their peerless horsemanship, is so powerful thai they are\\nunwilling in many instances to engage in service of any other\\ndescription.\\nAnother serious obstacle has been the want of legislative\\nauthority and of the material resources for placing volunteers\\nin organized and effective condition.\\nThe last serious obstacle to the military operations of the\\nState is the fact that the previous Legislature did not\\nhave a full appreciation of the greatness of the conflict upon the\\nthreshold of which we then stood.\\nWe could all see a triumphant and majestic confederacy of\\nStates in the vista of the not distant future but all did not real-\\nize a sense of the trial and struggle through which we were to\\npass before it could be firmly established.\\nTwenty thousand Texans are now battling for the rights of\\nour new-born but gigantic government. They are waiting to win\\nfresh laurels in heroic old Virginia. They are ready to aid in\\nlifting the yoke from Kentucky s prostrate neck, and -are mar-\\nshaled in defense of the sovereignty of Missouri. They have\\ncovered themselves with glory on the plains of New Mexico, and\\nare formed in a cordon of safety around the border of our great\\nState.\\nIf such positive results have sprung from the spontaneous\\naction of the people, what may we hope will not be accomplished\\nwhen the entire latent forces of the State are shaped into sys-\\ntem and efficiency. The realities of the great war in which we\\nare engaged will require the exercise of all your financial ability,\\nall your military skill and devotion to the public welfare. I am\\nconfident that you will display all these qualities and at the same\\ntime that you will rely unwaveringly upon Him who doeth all\\nthings well. The fruits of your labors, I trust, will soon be\\npeaceful independence and a prosperous State, and Texas\\nstrengthened in the power to aid in the establishment of a gen-\\neral government.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0371.jp2"}, "372": {"fulltext": "332 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nI had scarcely time to examine my future official residence\\nbefore I was called to the capitol for installation. This ceremony\\noccurred in the hall of representatives, in the presence of both\\nhouses of the Legislature and a large assemblage of citizens,\\nand, with attendant incidents, is thus described by the ^tate, Ga-\\nzette of November 9, 1861\\nThursday (November 7th) was spent mostly upon the in-\\nauguration and its ceremonies.\\nAt a quarter to 12 m. both houses met in joint session, an\\nimmense concourse of people present. At 13 m. the Governor\\nand Lieutenant-Governor elect, and the supreme judges were\\nescorted into the hall by a committee of the houses. Governor\\nClark delivered a brief valedictory address, conceived to be in\\ngood taste and delivered with some apparent embarrassment.\\nGovernor Lubbock then took the oath, administered by Chief\\nJustice Wheeler, and read, in his earnest and emphatic manner,\\nhis inaugural, which was frequently interrupted by cheers and\\nother manifestations of approval.\\nLieutenant-Governor Crockett then took the oath, adminis-\\ntered by Chief Justice Wheeler, and delivered his address.\\nMy inaugural address was as follows:\\nGentlemen of the Senate and House of Eepresentatives, ladies,\\nand gentlemen\\nThe time designated by the Constitution that you, gentlemen\\nof the Senate and House of Representatives, shall meet and en-\\nter upon the important duties assigned to you having arrived,\\npermit me to congratulate you that you are here assembled to-\\nday for that purpose, in a free land, untrammeled and unawed\\nby the mercenaries of despotism. Let me congratulate you, fel-\\nlow citizens, that while some of our sister States have been and\\nare now being invaded, the soil of our beloved State is free from\\nthe presence of our enemies, except such as are prisoners in the\\nhands of our brave soldiers.\\nA generous and coniiding people, by their suffrages, have\\ncalled me to the executive chair of a great and sovereign State,\\na member of the proud and powerful Confederacy.\\nI feel deeply conscious of the great responsibilities attaching\\nto the position at this important crisis. Much has already been\\ndone by the retiring executive to place Texas side by side with", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0372.jp2"}, "373": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 333\\nher sister States in the present struggle but, gentlemen, it must\\nbe borne in mind that we have as yet but seen the beginning, and\\nI am resolved, with your aid and support, so long as I occupy the\\nposition confided to me by the people, that her footsteps in the\\ncareer of honor and patriotism shall be onward, and the precious\\ninterests intrusted to my keeping be rendered back at the proper\\ntime uninjured and untarnished.\\nIt is useless at this time, gentlemen, to discuss the causes\\nwhich have led to the present state of affairs The history of our\\nwrongs is a long and bitter one, and has been so often discussed\\nand reviewed by the great minds of the country that it has be-\\ncome familiar to you all. You, together with a large majority\\nof our fellow citizens, have long decided that grievances to such\\nan extent existed as to warrant separation from those ^-ith whom\\nfor so long a period we had been politically connected. That\\nseparation was consummated by us after mature reflection, in\\nview of all the attendant dangers and difficulties. Many had\\nhoped that we would have been permitted to depart in peace,\\nand that those with whom we could no longer live in brotherhood\\nwould at least allow us to retire from a copartnership that had\\nbecome onerous and oppressive, and take with us our institution\\nthat had become so hateful to them. This fond hope was not to\\nbe realized. Those who had heretofore professed friendship for\\nus and a willingness to stand by our constitutional guarantees,\\nbecame our most vindictive foes, vicing with abolitionists who\\nshould be first in the field for our subjugation.\\nThe war was inaugurated by our enemies, and our once peace-\\nful and happy land is now the scene of this inhuman struggle.\\nThe Lincoln government vainl} boasted the base and hire-\\nling soldiery would overrun and subjugate the South in sixty\\ndays. Eight months have passed away, and we find this wicked\\nand boastful government, after warring for that length of time\\nagainst a power not half their equal in numbers, forced to pur-\\nsue on every line of military operations a defensive policy their\\narmies defeated on every battlefield, and their hireling soldiers\\npanic-stricken before our army of citizens.\\nIn all this, a kind Providence has hovered near our armies,\\ngiving us victory after victory over our enemies.\\nIn portions of our country, heretofore subject to casualties", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0373.jp2"}, "374": {"fulltext": "334 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthat have caused the earth to fail in the productions, genial show-\\ners have fallen upon the land abundance has been given to us\\nour granaries are filled; plenty prevails in our midst, and the\\npeople feel that the great God who presides over the destinies of\\nnations and sits on the throne judging right/ is on our side and\\nwill bless us in this struggle.\\nThus far our efforts have been crowned with success. Let\\nall praise be given to our gallant soldiers, who have defended\\nthe integrity of our soil.\\nIt has been said, gentlemen, that this is a war for slavery. I\\ntell you it is a wax for liberty Upon the issue of this war must\\ndepend our status in all time to come. We must either maintain\\nour liberties by our strong arms and stout hearts, or we must\\nconsent to become the most abject slaves of the basest, most cor-\\nrupt, and vulgar despotism that ever clutched in its unhallowed\\ngrasp the liberties of a free people.\\nI know, gentlemen, that in your hearts you have already de-\\ntermined that this war must be carried on with promptness and\\nvigor to ultimate success.\\nI call upon you, therefore, in the name of patriotism, honor,\\nand all that you hold most dear, to devise and carry out such\\nwise and efficient measures as will strengthen the arm of the\\nConfederate States and aid them in speedily achieving for us\\nour independence, pledging to you my most cordial approval and\\nco-operation in every such measure.\\nI trust you will see that those gallant men who have served\\nthe State well and faithfully be fully provided for, and that no\\nTexan soldier shall charge his State with ingratitude. They de-\\nserve well of their country. They have and will continue to sus-\\ntain the reputation of their State as the home of a chivalrous and\\nwarlike people.\\nGentlemen, to the ladies of our country we owe much. In\\nour trials and troubles they, too, have been with us. To prepare\\ncomforts for the soldiers, their busy needles have been plied in-\\ncessantly their smiles, their tears, and their prayers accompany\\nthe soldiers to the battlefield. They yield up to the cause of their\\ncountry, right bravely, husbands, brothers, sons, and lovers. They\\ngive up ease, luxury, and elegance for the soldiers benefit.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0374.jp2"}, "375": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 335\\nCan a people, thus supported and encouraged, be subdued by\\nthe base Hessians of a corrupt and fanatical government ISTo\\nNever, while one bold heart is left to combat\\nGentlemen, I am pleased to know that at the head of the gov-\\nernment of the Confederate States we have men of ability, in-\\ntegrity, and patriotism; and while I have every confidence and\\nfeel satisfied that they are doing everything in their power to\\nsecure our liberties and chastise our insolent and remorseless\\nfoe, it is, nevertheless, our duty to see that our State is put in an\\nattitude of self-defense, from the seaboard to the hills, and our\\nsoil defended against the polluting tread of abolition hordes.\\nOur frontier must be guarded, at every cost, against the ruthless\\nIndian foe the lives of our men, women, and children preserved\\nfrom the tomahawk and scalping knife.\\nTexas must pay punctually to the Confederate government\\nher portion of the war tax. I have no fears but that our people\\nwill promptly respond to this sacred call of patriotism, and, in\\naddition, cheerfully meet such taxation as may be necessary to\\ncarry on our State government with efficiency.\\nI trust that every citizen will feel that he must perform his\\npart in the great struggle now going on, that prudence and econ-\\nomy will enter into the administration of every department of\\ngovernment, and that every public servant will look well to the\\nwelfare of the country.\\nLet me say, in conclusion, that I am here in accordance with\\nthe wishes of the people that I bring with me to the capital the\\nkindest feelings towards all good men, having no prejudices\\nagainst this party or that party, this man or that man. I come\\nhere determined, as far as in my power lies, to see that the laws\\nare enforced impartially and to carry on the State government\\nfor the benefit of the people, with honesty and economy.\\nI enter upon the discharge of my duties free and untram-\\nmeled, bound by no pledges other than to a faithful performance\\nof every trust confided in me.\\nI trust every citizen in this broad land will see the necessity\\nof lending his aid in sustaining the glorious cause in which we\\nare now engaged, that of securing to millions yet unborn the\\nright of self-government.\\nLet us all stand upon the Constitution that has been adopted", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0375.jp2"}, "376": {"fulltext": "336 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nby our people, presenting one unbroken front to tyranny in every\\nshape it may present itself, with the determination never to place\\nour liberties in the keeping of the dastard foe that now seeks to\\nconquer us.\\nI hope, gentlemen, that your session will prove harmonious,\\nand that your every act will redound to your praise and the good\\nof our country. For the present I have done at a future day I\\nwill take pleasure in giving you my views more in detail.\\nLadies, for your attention, I thank you, and from my heart\\nsay God bless you.\\nI selected for my private secretary Wm. M. Walton, a bright\\nyoung lawyer at that time, later Attorney-General of the State,\\nand to-day one of the acknowledged leaders of the Texas bar.\\nAfter serving as my private secretary a few months, he resigned\\nthe position, raised a company for the Confederate army, and\\njoined Carter s regiment at Hempstead.\\nJames Paul, a Texan citizen of English birth, an excellent\\ngentleman, then living at Castroville, succeeded Mr. Walton.\\nOwing to physical infirmity he was incapacitated for military\\nservice, and remained with me during my term of office.\\nMr. C. S. West, a promising lawyer, who after the war became\\na member of the State Supreme Court, was my Secretary of\\nState. He, too, soon caught the war fever and enrolled himself\\nin the army. His successor as Secretary of State was the Hon.\\nR. J. Towns, a retired district judge of fine abilities.\\n**The following are two of the many favorable comments which\\nGfovernor Lubbock s inaugural evoked from the press of the State, a\\nmirror that then reflected in truthful outlines and just proportions the\\nsentiments of the people. Ed.\\nIn every line of Governor Lubbock s address will be recognized the\\nfrank earnestness of the man and his hearty sympathies with the people\\nover whose interests he is called to preside. He made his appearance\\nin the representative chamber clothed in homespun, and seemed, in-\\ndeed, the people s choice.\\nHe expressed a determination to make every exertion to place the\\nState iu a defensible position, from the seaboard to the mountains. Un-\\nless we are much mistaken in the man, Frank Lubbock will redeem this\\npledge and carry out his expressed determination to its fullest extent.\\nState Oazette.\\nThe inaugural address of Governor Lubbock is a document worthy\\nof the head and heart of a patriot. Texas Republican.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0376.jp2"}, "377": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 337\\nTo the position of Adjutant-General, at that time a most re-\\nsponsible office, I appointed J. T. Dashiell, of San Antonio, an\\naccomplished officer of large experience. To him I was greatly\\nindebted for whatever success I achieved in the management of\\nmilitary affairs.\\nThese appointments gave general satisfaction, and justly, too,\\nas time demonstrated.\\nWith entire confidence in my chosen associates, I entered\\ncheerfully upon my duties.\\nIn my opinion the first essential was to put Texas in a\\nthoroughly defensible condition, and to that purpose I subor-\\ndinated all others for the time being, and bent every energy to\\nthe task until it was accomplished.\\nMy views on this subject were outlined in my inaugural ad-\\ndress, and were given more in detail in my first message to the\\nNinth Legislature.\\nThe greatest immediate danger that we apprehended was from\\nIndian hostilities.\\nIn my message I said Our Indian troubles should occupy\\nyour attention. Since the withdrawal of Texas from the govern-\\nment of the United States, and the adoption of the system by the\\nConfederate States of defending the frontier by regiments of\\nmounted men, comparative quiet in that quarter has prevailed.\\nIt is, however, now no infrequent occurrence to hear of murders\\nbeing committed and property stolen by our Indian enemies.\\nI am very loth at this time to express any dissatisfaction at\\nwhat the Confederate States is attempting in the way of defend-\\ning and protecting our frontier, knowing as I do that its every\\ndesire is to accomplish good for our confederacy. Yet I must say\\nthat I have no faith in the policy heretofore pursued with what\\nare called reserve Indians. If the government is settled in its\\npolicy to retain these Indians on reserves for the purpose of pro-\\ntecting, civilizing, and supporting them, they should be confined\\nstrictly to the territory provided for them. I most respectfully\\nsuggest that you adopt some system for frontier protection best\\nsuited to our situation and the requirements of the country, and\\nurge its immediate adoption, through our members of Congress,\\nby the government of the Confederate States. Under the exist-\\n22", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0377.jp2"}, "378": {"fulltext": "338 LUBBOCICS MEMOIRS.\\ning state of the country, in case of an invasion we must rely al-\\nmost entirely on the militia of the State.\\nIn regard to the defense of our seacoast and the procurement\\nof heavy guns for that purpose, I said\\nIn connection with the subject of public defense, I call the\\nattention of your honorable body to the exposed condition of our\\ngulf coast and, while I feel confident that the government of the\\nConfederate States will use every exertion for the defense of our\\ncoast, yet it is certain, without the heavy guns necessary for that\\nobject, but comparatively little can be done. The recent experi-\\nment made to forward cannon from the State of Louisiana\\ndemonstrates that we will have to rely exclusively on such heavy\\nordnance as may be now in the State, or such as can be made\\nwithin its limits. We have among us many citizens who under-\\nstand the manufacture of cannon and of small arms, and we also\\nhave quite a number of foundries. We have in Cass and Bowie\\ncounties, and, it is believed in other locations, iron of a quality\\nwell adapted to the purpose, and steps should be taken for the\\nencouragement of the manufacture of these weapons, indispens-\\nable to our defense. Legislation providing for the manufacture\\nof these arms is necessary. Contracts might be made for that\\npurpose. If deemed best, a State foundry might be established\\nat some suitable point.\\nIn reference to the financial condition of the State, I said\\nThe State, heretofore resting in that security which charac-\\nterizes all powerful governments in times of profound peace,\\nwith no prospect of war, has, in pursuance of a generous and\\nliberal policy, appropriated her large means to purposes of edu-\\ncation, internal improvements, and other objects of general use-\\nfulness in consequence of which, you find at this time, when a\\nfull treasury is so much needed, the State government abso-\\nlutely without a dollar subject to appropriation for the purpose\\nof carrying on civil affairs or placing the State in a condition of\\nsecurity against the invasion of the enemy.\\nIt will require your deepest wisdom and most patient exer-\\ntion to sustain your State in the present crisis, because, gentle-\\nmen, it devolves on you not only to provide the means for the\\nsupport of the civil government and to pay her outstanding mili-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0378.jp2"}, "379": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 339\\ntary debt, but also to devise and adopt such measures as will\\nenable Texas to perform her duty toward the government of the\\nConfederate States, and thus, to the extent of her ability, enable\\nthose in authority to conduct the war with vigor and prosecute it\\nto a successful termination.\\nBy an act of the Confederate States Congress, that govern-\\nment assumes to pay all debts incurred by the several States in-\\ncident to their secession from the government of the United\\nStates. Texas, one of the seceding States, will have a large claim\\nagainst the Confederate government under that law. Prudence\\ndemands that you adopt such measures as will speedily collect the\\ntestimony necessary to establish our claim, in order that it may\\nbe promptly examined and audited by the government.\\nThe public printer appointed having failed to give bond, and\\nthere being, consequently, no person then authorized to do the\\npublic printing, I recommended that the law relating to the sub-\\nject be so amended as to thereafter require persons bidding to\\nfile bonds with their bids.\\nThe institutions for the insane, blind, and deaf and dumb\\nwere recommended to the consideration of the Legislature, and\\nall necessary legislation for their benefit invoked.\\nThe law under which the school fund was loaned to certain\\nrailroad companies required that the roads borrowing any por-\\ntion of it should be sold if payment was not made at the matur-\\nity of their paper. The following was recommended\\nIt is a matter of paramount importance that the school fund\\nshould be secure and be devoted eventually to the sacred purpose\\nfor which it was designed by the wise foresight of the framers\\nof the Constitution. Yet, owing to the many disadvantages that\\nwould result from the purchase by the State of the property\\nmortgaged by the railroad companies, it would be well for the\\nLegislature to consider the propriety of extending some relief to\\nthese companies. Should it be deemed advisable that the time\\nbe extended, it will be for the wisdom of your honorable body to\\ndevise a mode by which the prior lien of the State on these roada\\nwill not be in any way prejudiced, the school fund protected, and\\nour system of internal improvements perfected. Should such a\\nmeasure be devised, it would not only prevent the consequences", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0379.jp2"}, "380": {"fulltext": "340 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwhich would follow under the law from the sale contemplated by\\nit, but result in great public good.\\nI recommended to the Legislature to confine their attention to\\nmatters of general interest and to the enactment of laws of press-\\ning necessity, saying That every endeavor will be made by you\\nto bear the standard of Texas aloft, that you will struggle by\\nevery means in your power to strengthen the arms of the Con-\\nfederate States, I feel fully satisfied.\\nAfter assuring them that I would heartily co-operate in the\\nThese are some of the press comments:\\nIn perusing it [Governor Lubbock s message] the reader will be\\nstruck with the simplicity, frankness, decisiveness, which characterize\\nthe whole document. As might have been expected from Frank Lub-\\nbock, he says plainly what he has to say goes straight to the point and\\nleaves no room for misconstruction or misapprehension of meaning.\\nTelegraph.\\nThe Telegraph, however, failed to endorse the Governor s recom-\\nmendation that Confederate States treasury notes be made receivable\\nfor State dues that is, that those notes be made Confederate legal ten-\\nder. It is hard to see how Texas, as a Confederate State, could have\\ndone otherwise than take the course recommended by the Governor.\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nEd.\\nZeno, the Austin correspondent of the Telegraph, wrote of the\\nmessage:\\nIt is an able document, and it will meet with the approval of all\\nwho read it. A thousand copies were ordered to be printed in the\\nHouse, and five hundred in the Senate. Among other things, he recom-\\nmends that the outstanding debt of the State be made receivable for\\ntaxes and public dues, and relief to our railroad companies.\\nWe need not say that we underwrite every word it contains. We\\nhave told the people many a time and oft of what stuff Frank Lubbock\\nwas made, and they will find it out before his term of office expires.\\nSan Antonio Herald.\\nSince the inauguration of Governor Lubbock we have spent much\\ntime in Austin, and have had ample opportunity to make his acquaint-\\nance, and to observe and admire his official course. He is no ordinary\\nman. Frank, open, and courteous in his manners, he is firm, unflinch-\\ning, and just in the discharge of his official duties. His kindly disposi-\\ntion and impulses are controlled by a lofty patriotism that never yields\\nto personal friendship or favoritism; but in all things he is controlled\\nby a sense of his public duties and by what he conceives to be the inter-\\nest of his country. As an orator he has been considered showy; he is\\nalso earnest and profound. The people of Texas have indeed been for-\\ntunate in selecting such an executive at such a juncture. Telegraph.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0380.jp2"}, "381": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 341\\nperfection of every measure tending to the promotion of the gen-\\neral welfare, I said, by way of conclusion Let us do our duty,\\nand, with the aid of an all-wise and all-seeing Providence, our\\ncountry will emerge from this unholy war with a fame world-\\nwide and her honor untarnished.\\nThe Ninth Legislature was an able and patriotic body, includ-\\ning among its members such men as S. B. Maxey, Pryor Lea,\\nEobert H. Guinn, A. M. Branch, Geo. B. Erath, Geo. P. Finlay,\\nChauncey B. Shepard, Stephen H. Darden, and N G. Shelley in\\nthe Senate,- and N H. Abney, Horace Cone, N. H. Darnell, H.\\nM. Edmore, K. T. Flewellen,V. E. Goodrich, K. M. Gano, A. M.\\nHobby, S. A. Maverick, A. Navarro, A. H. Rippetoe, Chas. Rus-\\nsell, J. A. Stachely, W. A. Wortham, and Frank Williams in the\\nHouse.\\nThey came together with a fixed purpose to sustain the Con-\\nfederate government in every movement calculated to insure suc-\\ncess. With this feeling, they began at once the good work of\\nputting Texas in the proper posture of defense.**\\nOf the historic buildings dating back to the Republic then\\nstanding in Austin were the following: The president s house,\\na two-story frame, painted white, erected on the site of the pres-\\nent St. Mary s Academy, only occupied by Lamar (though it was\\nZeno, correspondent of the Telegraph, thus spoke of the Legis-\\nlature in the columns of his paper:\\nJudge Buckley presides with great dignity, and is an efficient\\nspeaker. The House and the Senate are characterized by quietness and\\ngood order. Austin is as quiet as if the Legislature was not in session.\\nThe lobbies of the two houses are empty, and there are very few look-\\ners on in Venice; no money to lavish this session, and no hangers on\\nfor the loaves and fishes. There is no telling how long the\\nLegislature may be in session; perhaps until Christmas. One thing is\\ncertain, the members are all desirous of getting away as soon as pos-\\nsible; not, however, until all shall be done which the exigencies of the\\ntimes demand. The people of this section are better off than\\nthey have been for years abundant crops, the whole country alive with\\nhogs, sales of beef, continually a demand for wool indeed, everything\\nseems to have gone well with the people.\\nThe strictest economy, says Quill, a correspondent, is prac-\\nticed by the members. The contingent expenses will fall\\nmany thousands of dollars below the ordinary expenditures of a session.\\nIt is a healthy feature. It is a practical recognition of war times. The\\npeople will applaud.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0381.jp2"}, "382": {"fulltext": "342 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe executive mansion), Austin having been abandoned as the\\ncapital from 1843 to 1846; the residence of M. de Salign}^, the\\nFrench embassy, an elegant one-story frame, painted white, now\\nowned and occupied by Mrs. Robinson and the old capitol (the\\nfirst ever built by Texas), a one-story frame, facing the avenue,\\non the site of the present city hall, with two large rooms, sepa-\\nrated by a wide corridor, with open gallery in front and shed\\nrooms in rear for offices the north room Avas the Senate cham-\\nber, and the south the chamber for the representatives.\\nThe most elegant of the public buildings then in use was the\\nnew capitol, erected on the reserved ground at the head of Con-\\ngress Avenue, and said to be of the Ionic order of architecture.\\nIt was two stories in height, and constructed of an oolite of a\\nsoft white color. In the second story were the chambers, with\\ngalleries, for the two houses, the Supreme Court room, and the\\napartment for the State library. Its cost, including furniture,\\nwas estimated at $150,000. This building was destroyed by fire\\nin November, 1881, and its former place is now occupied by our\\nmagnificent granite capitol.\\nTo the west, and in the rear of the capitol, was a one-story\\nbuilding, constructed of rough stone and containing six rooms,\\noccupied by the Department of State, and formerly occupied by\\nthe General Land Office.\\nTo the east, and in the rear of the capitol, stood the treasury\\nbuilding, a two-story edifice, with strong vaults in the basement,\\nand containing twelve rooms. Besides the treasury, it was occu-\\npied by the offices of the Auditor and Comptroller.\\nThe General Land Office building was the same that still\\nstands in the southeast corner of the capitol inclosure and is now\\nused for that purpose built of hard limestone and two stories in\\nheight, and containing fifteen rooms.\\nAll these last mentioned public buildings erected by the State\\nwere paid for, as has been before stated, out of the Santa Fe\\nfund.\\nThe executive mansion was in the center of an acre (more or\\nless) reservation, just west of the block at the head of Congress\\nAvenue, and very near the southwest corner of the capitol square.\\nIt was a two-story brick edifice having a portico along its whole\\nfront, with six Ionic columns. On the premises were the usual", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0382.jp2"}, "383": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 343\\noutbuildings, including carriage house and stables, which we\\nfound very convenient, and there was an abundant supply of\\ngood water from a cistern and a well. The grounds were enclosed\\nwith a neat wooden paling.\\nWe had plenty of room for comfortable living and entertain-\\nment of guests. The mansion, though plain enough in this age\\nof architectural extravagance in public buildings, was then the\\nfinest residence in Austin, excepting only the dwellings of J. H.\\nRaymond and ex-Governor Pease. All three of these buildings\\nyet remain in a good state of preservation. The mansion, without\\nundergoing any essential change, has been successively occupied\\nas a residence by all our Governors from Pease to Sayers in-\\nclusive. Together with the old land office building, it remains\\nas a notable souvenir of the earlier days of the State. This is the\\nfirst and last executive mansion built by the State; the Presi-\\ndent s house, on the east side of the avenue, was the work of the\\nRepublic.\\nAt an early day we had a levee for the Legislature, and all citi-\\nzens were invited. It was a jam, and everything was served in\\nprofusion.*^ We never dined alone, invariably having from two\\nto a dozen members with us, so that during the session every\\nsenator and representative had been to our table once or oftener.\\nAlthough we were then in the war, provisions were plentiful\\nand cheap, as was horse feed. I may mention, for instance, that\\nturkeys during that winter could be had all the while at 50 cents\\neach; barley, most excellent horse feed, at 20 to 25 cents per\\nbushel.\\nOur house was always open to visitors, and the young ladies,\\nwith a cripple beau, and sometimes with an old man unfit for\\nmilitary service, would come to the mansion quite late at night,\\ngiving us good music and singing. I have left my bed to enter-\\ntain them, as I enjoyed their coming.\\nWe made the Governor s mansion a cheerful, bright home, and\\nwe loved to have our friends enjoy it with us during the few\\nhours I could spare from public duties.\\nSays the Telegraph of November 27, 1861: The Governor gave a\\nlevee last night. The mansion was crowded. The young and the old\\nenjoyed themselves. The beau.x and belles danced. The old people\\ntalked and walked.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0383.jp2"}, "384": {"fulltext": "344 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nAs to my private business, I had put all that aside. I had\\nproper men to look after my ranch and other matters, so I gave\\nmyself little concern about them, enabling me to devote my whole\\ntime to the people s afiEairs. Although frequently at Houston,\\nwith my ranch and farm only six miles distant from that place,\\nI did not see them until the close of the war. Our house I never\\nsaw again, for it was accidentally burned, with everything it con-\\ntained, while we were in Austin. My loss amounted to fully\\n$10,000, as there was nothing insured.\\nBrig.-Gen. Paul 0. Hebert was at this time the Confederate\\nmilitary commander over Texas, with headquarters temporarily\\nat Galveston.\\nHebert was a rich Louisianian, of fine family, and a fellow-\\ngraduate at West Point with Sherman and Thomas. He had\\nbeen brevet ted colonel for gallantry at Cerro Gordo, and had\\nachieved some distinction as an engineer in the public works on\\nthe Mississippi. While Governor of Louisiana, Hebert had ap-\\npointed Sherman president of the State military institute at\\nAlexandria. Sherman appears then to have been a fire-eating\\nDemocrat, ready to die, if need be, for the South.\\nGeneral Hebert was now strong and vigorous and apparently\\nabout 45 years old. He was a good engineer, and, perhaps, that\\nwas the reason of his appointment to command in Texas, as our\\ngulf coast needed proper defenses.\\nIn the fall of 1861 Commander W. W. Hunter, of the Con-\\nfederate navy, was ordered to Texas to serve as superintendent of\\ncoast defenses, under General Hebert. He proceeded to make\\nan elaborate survey of the waters of Galveston Bay, which was\\nof great service in our subsequent military operations. Hunter\\nwas a gallant officer, whose scientific knowledge and zeal con-\\ntributed much to our success in that quarter.\\nPending proper war legislation I studied the military situa-\\ntion.\\nLearning that only one regiment (Colonel Ford s) occupied\\nthe lower Eio Grande region, and apprehending invasion from\\nthat direction, I proposed to reserve its military strength for its\\nown defense.\\nI wrote at once to General Hebert, at Galveston, expressing\\nmy lively apprehensions for the security of the country on the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0384.jp2"}, "385": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 345\\nlower Eio Grande, and suggesting that it would be best for the\\nConfederate government to decline to receive into its service anj^\\nmore troops from that portion of the State lying west of the\\nColorado Eiver, other than those joining Luckett s, Garland s,\\nand Terrell s regiments, and such companies as might be sta-\\ntioned in that district of country for its defense. Having advised\\nhim thus, I concluded by saying I am ever ready to place at\\nthe disposal of the Confederate government all the resources of\\nthe State for the preservation of its soil from the polluting tread\\nof a ruthless invader. And my ardent desire to witness the\\ntimely concentration of an adequate force for the protection of\\nthe lower Rio Grande, a region of country now of vital interest,\\nhas induced this communication.\\nA little while before this. General Hebert thus complained to\\nthe Secretary of War To tell you how totally unprepared, con-\\nfused, and defenseless I found this department, the\\ndifficulties, from lack of means, guns, arms, ammuni-\\ntion, and a proper military organization, would be tedious.\\nAs an engineer, I can but too well appreciate the de-\\nfenseless state of the seacoast, see plainly what is needed gener-\\nally, but, of course, can only deplore my inability to remedy the\\nevil. I much fear that I have brought my little military reputa-\\ntion to an early grave.\\nIt is needless to say that these forebodings were soon realized.\\nThe night after my inauguration. Lieutenant Jouett, of the\\nUnited States blockading vessel Santee, captured and set fire to\\nthe Royal Yacht, a Confederate vessel, in Galveston harbor.*^\\n*8 On November 7th it was determined by Captain Eagle, of the San-\\ntee, to destroy the General Rusk in Galveston harbor. At midnight two\\nlaunches with forty men under Lieutenant Jouett put off from the\\nSantee and pulled quietly towards the General Rusk, a few miles away.\\nWhen near the schooner, the launches grounded, and in the confusion\\nthe alarm was given and the attacking party driven off by a heavy fire\\nfrom the General Rusk. Lieutenant Jouett then turned about and\\npulled for the Royal Yacht, not far distant. She was carried by board-\\ning and her crew captured after a desperate struggle of thirty minutes.\\nThe yacht was fired by the Federals, and they returned in triumph to\\nthe Santee with thirteen prisoners. This brilliant exploit cost the en-\\nemy, according to his own account, three killed and six wounded, and\\nthe Confederates the thirteen men constituting the crew of the yacht.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0385.jp2"}, "386": {"fulltext": "346 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS\\nDemoralization grew apace. November 15th, a week later.\\nGeneral Hebert, writing from Galveston, addressed the Secretary\\nof War as follows\\nThere is no doubt but that the defense of Galveston, or any\\nother point on this coast, in the event of a formidable attack, is\\na ver}^ difficult if not an impossible matter yet an effort must be\\nmade in that direction and this place held as long as possible.\\nIt is a cotton port, and if in the possession of the enemy would\\nbe a nucleus for the disaffected, of which there are, I am sorry\\nto say, many in this State. As a matter of necessity connected\\nwith the defense and possession of the island, I have directed the\\nplanking of the railroad bridge, connecting with mainland, so as\\nto admit of the passage of troops. The heavy guns, so long on\\nthe way, have not yet reached this place.\\nThis letter would seem to indicate a lack of confidence in his\\nability to meet the difficulties before him. Eeally, General\\nHebert appeared somewhat bewildered at the magnitude of the\\ntask assigned him, and not to have matured, at least at the be-\\nginning of my administration, any definite line of policy. The\\nheavy guns referred to were a battery en route from Alexandria,\\nand drawn by oxen.\\nIn reply to General Hebert s letter, Secretary of War Judah\\nP. Benjamin wrote that there was then stored at San Antonio\\n(Hebert s supposed headquarters) ammunition to supply the\\nimmediate needs of at least 15,000 men (three times the number\\nunder arms in Texas), and that he regretted that he could not\\nsupply any arms at the time, but had hopes of doing so in the\\nnear future. In the meantime, concluded the Secretary, it\\nis well to continue to encourage the people to collect and jjreserve\\nall their arms and ammunition, and to rely, as far as possible,\\nupon their own means of defense in case of attack. You may\\nassure them, however, that their confidence in the Confederate\\ngovernment shall not be disappointed and that, if threatened or\\ninvaded, they shall not be left without assistance.\\nBelieving that the storage of cotton along the coast would in-\\nThe latter were taken prisoners, three of them wounded. This was\\nrather mortifying to us, as it indicated bad management to allow an en-\\nterprising enemy such an opportunity for mischief. Our men from the\\nRusk, however, soon extinguished the fire and saved the vessel.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0386.jp2"}, "387": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 347\\nvite attack by the enemy, I issued a proclamation November\\n30th forbidding the transportation and the storing of cotton at\\nany points within striking distance of tlie enemy s vessels. This\\norder had a good effect in preventing the capture of cotton by\\nraiding parties from the Federal blockading ships.\\nOur long line of frontier, subject to Indian raids and threat-\\nened with invasion by the Federals from the northwest, did not\\npresent so difficult a problem as the defense of our many hundreds\\nof miles of seacoast. The former we had been accustomed to\\nprotect from the earliest days of the Republic down to the time\\nof annexation, and often subsequent to that time, and we had a\\npopulation well fitted and prepared for that mode of warfare.\\nBut our coast line, reaching from the Sabine to the Rio Grande,\\nwas, from the beginning of hostilities, at the mercy of an enemy\\nwho possessed a navy, while we were without a warship of any\\ncharacter, without shore batteries, and without heavy guns. At\\nonce the Confederates, with the limited means at command, be-\\ngan to erect earthworks, providing them with what guns we could\\nprocure but our shore batteries after all were very few, of hur-\\nried and rude construction, and equipped with short-range guns,\\nso that it required great vigilance to see that launches from\\nthe blockaders were not allowed to land. That we had no deep-\\nwater ports was much in our favor, for vessels of heavy draught\\ncould not cross our bars, and the Federals, except in a few places,\\ncould only send launches to the shore for the purpose of depre-\\ndating.\\nTo meet and repel the enemy in his carrying out of such tac-\\ntics, I organized a body of irregular troops called the coast\\nguards, and these proved themselves to be equal to the work\\nassigned them, responding intelligently and effectively to the\\ndemands of every emergency.\\nRumors of the proposed evacuation of Galveston soon began\\nto reach me at the capital. It was reported that all portable prop- j\\nerty, public and private, was being moved from the island that\\nthe hospital stores and the sick had arrived in Houston, and\\nthat the Galveston News had taken quarters at the latter place.\\nFrom General Hebert s well known despondency and lack of\\nany definite plan of defense, it was easy to believe that these ru-\\nmors had some foundation.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0387.jp2"}, "388": {"fulltext": "348 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nTo encourage Hebert in the discharge of his dnty, I wrote\\nhim a letter offering to share with him the responsibility of burn-\\ning the city of Galveston, if he thought best, on its evacuation.\\nWhile disclaiming any disposition to interfere with the de-\\nfense of the State, I said in this letter, dated December 7th\\nI wish you to understand that I am willing to and will share\\nwith you any responsibility you may be called upon to take in\\nthe delicate and arduous duties you are compelled daily to per-\\nform.\\nIt has appeared to me that the various channels across the\\nbars should be immediately closed, including the Bolivar chan-\\nnel and the one at the west end. If these channels are allowed\\nto remain open the enemy will most certainly be enabled to take\\npossession of the bays and the mouths of the rivers. Trinity, San\\nJacinto, Buffalo Bayou, etc., and can also get sufficiently near the\\nrailroad bridge at Virginia Point to destroy the bridge and the\\nworks at the point. Every effort should be made to\\nprevent the enemy from effecting a landing, and to\\ndrive them off entirely, or much crippled, in their attempt to\\nland.\\nIf, however, it is found impossible to prevent the enemy from\\ntaking possession of the island, then I would suggest, as a der-\\nnier resort, that the city of Galveston be entirely destroyed,\\nbuildings and everything else which can afford them comfort,\\nconvenience, or shelter. Every cistern (wooden or brick) should\\nbe entirely destroyed, the water turned out, and the cisterns made\\nwholly unfit for use again. The stock, including horses, cattle,\\nand sheep, to be driven from the island, and every spear of grass\\nburned.\\nIf you should leave the city unharmed, the enemy will go\\ninto the most delightful winter quarters, with every comfort and\\nconvenience. On the contrary, if you should destroy the\\nplace, turning off the water from the cisterns, they will be ex-\\nposed to the severe northers and rains that will soon be upon\\nthem, forced to drink salt or brackish water, and be compelled\\nto abandon the point or visit the mainland for wood and water,\\nwhere you would be able to cut them to pieces. Constant ex-\\nposure and bad water would produce their results, and the whole\\nforce thus subjected to disease and death.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0388.jp2"}, "389": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 349\\nIf the enemy is permitted to capture the city of Galveston\\nwithout a fight, and a severe one at that, it would dis-\\npirit the people from one end of the State to the other; if there\\nbe treason hiding its head in the land, it will rear itself in our\\nmidst, ready to yield a willing obedience to the invaders,\\nif by so doing, the homes and property of traitors would be se-\\ncure from destruction by the enemy.\\nGeneral Hebert, in his answer, thanked me for my proffered\\nco-operation, but said nothing of my suggestion as to Galveston.\\nIn a few days Mayor Thos. Joseph wrote me that the citizens\\nof Galveston had been informed that I had ordered that city\\nburned, and that, while they were ready to make any sacrifice\\nfor the public good and to regard any required act of military\\nnecessity a patriotic duty, they would like to know the circum-\\nstances under which the Governor had advised the burning.\\nThis letter was the outcome of a meeting of the city council,\\ncalled at the suggestion of M. M. Potter, representative in the\\nLegislature from the Galveston district.\\nReplying on December 19th to the mayor s communication, I\\nenclosed a copy of my letter of the 7th of December to General\\nHebert, and said, among other things: In writing the letter\\nto General Hebert, I was actuated alone by a spirit of patriotism\\nand determination, on my part, to show to an un-\\nnatural and vindictive enemy a settled purpose on our part to re-\\nsist to the bitter end, that we were prepared for a sacrifice of\\nproperty, life, and all but honor, in the present struggle. Hav-\\ning had no communication with General Hebert on this subject,\\nand hearing daily rumors in regard to the evacuation of Galves-\\nton, I deemed it my duty to make such suggestions as appeared\\nproper under all the circumstances. The letter speaks for itself.\\nI had no right to give an order to the commanding general. I\\nmade suggestions to him, and assured him that, if he deemed\\nthe destruction of Galveston a great military necessity, I would\\nmost cheerfully share with him any responsibility taken in the\\npremises.\\nEepelling with scorn the imputation of personal hostility to\\nthe city, I went on to say: I have from 1836, when Galveston\\nwas a barren island, to the present moment, watched\\nwith pride and pleasure the city s rapid strides to greatness and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0389.jp2"}, "390": {"fulltext": "350 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwealth, and nothing but considerations of great military neces-\\nsity would cause me to see one stone or plank from the many\\nbeautiful buildings that adorn this, our lovely island city, re-\\nmoved from its proper place; but I will repeat what I have said\\nin substance to General Hebert, that I would rather see the city\\none blackened ruin than that a miserable, fanatical, abolition\\nhorde should be permitted to occupy it, gloating over their gains\\nand laughing to scorn our abandonment of so important a\\nstrategic point.\\nIn concluding, I promised that when official duties would\\npermit, I would visit Galveston and make any other explanation\\ndeemed necessary. I had nothing to hide from anybody, and\\nupon the first intimation of the sentiment in Galveston I made\\nthe desired information public. When at Galveston, in March,\\n1862, I made a speech at the Tremont, explaining fully all the\\ncircumstances. I claimed that the suggestion, not order, made\\nin that letter was the prompting of as patriotic a heart as ever\\nurged the defender of his fireside on to duty and to battle. I did\\nnot try to cover the letter up, as many would have done, by say-\\ning that it was written in order to scare the enemy away from\\nour shores but said, instead, that in all sincerity, as the head of\\nthe people, I was first, when I thought it necessary, to take upon\\nmyself the responsibility of broaching that which seemed an in-\\nevitable consequence at the time. I told the people that I was\\nprompted by the conception of what was right.\\nLetters were written me by many old and honored citizens who\\nentertained views similar to my own, by Ben C. Franklin,\\nA. C. McKeen, and others. They did not blame me but, on the\\ncontrary, said we were in a struggle in which such things might\\nbe admissible, if it was intended to carry out the purpose for\\nwhich the civil conflict was instituted. Nor did the people show\\nme any indignities, or indicate in any way that they thought less\\nof me.\\nThe newspapers of the State generally sustained me in this\\nmatter.\\nThe Houston Telegraph said The same reasons which in-\\nduced the Eussians to burn Moscow to prevent its occupation by\\nthe French might apply with equal force to the case of Galveston,\\nbut we hope not.\\nEeplying, on December 24th, to General Hebert s letter of the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0390.jp2"}, "391": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 351\\n17tli, I took occasion again to say: It is my earnest desire to\\nco-operate with you in the most efficient and speedy mode to con-\\ncentrate troops under your orders, so that an adequate force may\\nbe thrown in the face of the enemy and his assaults beaten back,\\nno matter in what quarter made. I approved his reprobation\\nof the irregular way in which troops had been raised in Texas\\nwithout the knowledge of the authorities in the State. I re-\\nquested him to subject to his orders the regiments of Colonels\\nLocke and Maxey, believing that they might be more profitable\\non the coast than on Red River, their prospective winter quar-\\nters.\\nI also made the best argument in my power to induce him to\\ntake into service, for immediate use, six months men. General\\nHebert had already announced his policy of not accepting any\\nmore commands except for tlie war. But about the time he\\nwrote me he authorized Col. H. E. McCulloch to receive, for\\nspecial service on the Rio Grande, troops for twelve months first,\\nand later for six months. This had the desired effect, and the\\nRio Grande district soon had sufficient troops to hold it against\\nany apprehended attack in that quarter. I closed with these\\nwords I entertain the hope, sir, that when we succeed in or-\\nganizing the State troops under the late law, enlistments will\\ngo on with alacrity and rapidity for the terms the exigencies of\\nthe service may demand; for I do not believe that the Texan\\npeople will so far forget themselves as to wait to be drafted.\\nI vetoed a bill making an appropriation for the mileage and\\nper diem of the members and officers of the Ninth Legislature.\\nIt, among other provisions, authorized for that purpose the use\\nof various special funds in the treasury. It was also provided in\\nthe bill, that for any balance that might be due the members and\\nofficers after exhausting the funds in the treasury, the Comp-\\ntroller should draw his warrants upon the county tax collectors\\nin their favor for such amounts. Upon reading the bill over\\nrapidly, I was struck with astonishment that the Legislature\\nshould appropriate to their mileage and per diem these special\\nfunds.*** In addition to that they asked for warrants on the\\nThe amounts of these moneys then in the treasury were $2183.01\\nfrom escheats, $159.54 from estates, university fund $1517.90, common\\nschool fund $4520.10, a total of $8380.45, all in specie.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0391.jp2"}, "392": {"fulltext": "352 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ncollectors for any balance that might be due them, which meant\\nthat they were to receive gold and silver, while the other em-\\nployes of the government, and the debts of the State, were being\\npaid in depreciated currency.\\nImpressed with the injustice of the measure, and believing as\\nI did that it would have a discouraging effect upon the people\\ngenerally, without stopping to consult with my Secretary of\\nState or other friends, I vetoed the bill at once. Upon its re-\\nturn it was received with storms of indignation, members charg-\\ning the Governor with unwarranted attacks on the Legislature\\nand unjust reflections upon their patriotism. A few of the\\nmembers went so far as to say to me that the sentiments expressed\\nin my veto message were demagogical. I replied to them that T\\nwas actuated in vetoing the bill by no other motives than justice\\nand patriotism; that, however, had I been seeking for an op-\\nportunity to strike the chord of popular favor and gain the ap-\\nproval of the masses, they had most certainly furnished the op-\\nportunity, and that I would venture to say that no one outside\\nof those directly interested in the bill, and who voted for it,\\nwould justify their action. The vote in the House was 53 to\\n34 against the veto. The necessary two-thirds required to\\noverride it were not secured in the Senate, however, the vote in\\nthat body being 16 for and 10 against sustaining the veto, and\\nthe bill consequently failed to become a law.\\nA very remarkable and, it is believed, unprecedented action\\nwas then taken by the Legislature. A joint committee was ap-\\npointed to report upon the veto message, although it had just\\nbeen sustained by legislative action. The movers for the ap-\\npointment of this committee claimed that the message reflected\\nso severely on those voting for the bill that it was necessary to\\nmake an explanation in that way to their constituents and the\\ncountry. The committee made a majority and minority report.\\nThe majority report stated that the bill was sanctioned by estab-\\nlished precedent that former administrations had used such\\nfunds, and that there was nothing in it to call forth such a veto\\nin fact, that the amount involved was small game for such\\nheavy artillery.\\nGovernor Houston s administration. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0392.jp2"}, "393": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 353\\nThe very able minority report declared that the veto was jus-\\ntifiable and proper; that it was the prerogative of the executive\\nto exercise the veto power whenever, in his judgment, it became\\nnecessary to bring it into requisition to stay improper or hasty\\nlegislation, and that the Legislature had sustained the veto, and\\nthat action should have closed the incident. The reports can\\nbe found set out in full in the Senate Journal of the regular ses-\\nsion of the Ninth Legislature.\\nThe following gentlemen signed the minority report in favor\\nof sustaining the veto Geo. B. Erath, of the Senate, and Geo.\\nD. Manion and Frank E. Williams, of the House of Representa-\\ntives.\\nIt will be noticed that Capt. Geo. B. Erath signed the minority\\nreport. He was well known to all Texans as one of the most pa-\\ntriotic of men; a San Jacinto veteran, distinguished as a gal-\\nlant soldier a pioneer of great energy and determination a suc-\\ncessful Indian fighter and ranger, and from long experience and\\ngreat intelligence a safe and conservative legislator. The other\\nsigners, Geo. D. Manion and Frank E. Williams, were young\\nmen of strong and widely recognized intellectual force. Frank\\nE. Williams, who wrote the report, was from Rusk, Cherokee\\nCounty, and was one of the ablest men in the House of Repre-\\nsentatives.\\nThe following passages from the veto message give its salient\\npoints\\nThe second section [of the bill. Ed.] provides that for the\\npayment of the members of the Legislature and the officers of\\nboth houses the Treasurer may use any funds in the treasury be-\\nlonging either to the proceeds of the sale of the University lands,\\nthe settlement of the successions of deceased persons, escheated\\nproperty, or the sinking funds on railroad bonds; provided,\\nhowever, that whenever any of such funds shall be used the\\nTreasurer shall replace the amount so used with bonds of the\\nState for like amount, and that each member shall receive his\\nfair proportion of such funds.\\nIf this act should become a law all the present available funds\\nin the State treasury, of every description, will at once pass from\\ntlie vaults of the treasury into the hands of the beneficiaries un-\\nder the act.\\n23", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0393.jp2"}, "394": {"fulltext": "354 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS,\\nWhile I believe that the State should pay, to the utmost of\\nits ability, all its officers, both civil and military, yet in the pres-\\nent critical condition of our beloved State and Confederacy, I\\nconfess I would witness with feelings of the deepest sorrow the\\nlast dollar drawn from the treasury unless to furnish arms, am-\\nmunition, and clothing to her gallant sons, who are now so\\nproudly vindicating the fame of the Texas soldier.\\nThe moneys arising from the sale of University lands were\\nintended for a wise and beneficent object, and I greatly doubt the\\nwisdom of disposing of them for the purpose indicated in the act\\nunder consideration, or for any like purpose.\\nThe funds arising from the settlement of the successions of\\ndeceased persons and escheated property belong in all probability\\nto minors and orphans who have no legal protection or guardians\\nto demand these in their names. I am further informed by the\\nTreasurer, in the statement herewith submitted, that he has un-\\nofficial information that a large portion, if not all, of the last\\nnamed funds will probably be shortly demanded by their right-\\nful owners.\\nThere is still more grave and serious objection to the pro-\\nposed appropriation of the sinking fund on railroad bonds.\\n[The message goes on to show that by former legislation the\\nsinking fund paid into the treasury by the railroad companies\\nhad been, by the consent of the roads, or a majority of them,\\npassed to the credit of the school fund as will be found in the\\nComptroller s communication on this subject. Ed.]\\nAt a time when every energy of the State should\\nbe husbanded for defense we should carefully guard against\\ndraining the treasury (to meet the ordinary expenses of legisla-\\ntion) of special funds, protected by constitutional provision or\\nheld in trust subject to the use of others. The time may speedily\\ncome when self-preservation will demand that every resource of\\nthe State be put into requisition for the defense of our liber-\\nties and hearth-stones but surely the appropriation of these\\nfunds can bo justified only by the grave necessity of employing\\nthem in defending and preserving the lives and liberties of the\\npeople.\\nFuthermore, the proviso to the second section, which was\\nno doubt intended to furnish a substitute for the funds so with-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0394.jp2"}, "395": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 355\\ndrawn, appears to be wholly inadequate to the attainment of the\\nobject desired. It provides that the funds so withdrawn shall\\nbe replaced by the Treasurer with State bonds for a like amount.\\nFrom whence are all these State bonds to be obtained? By\\nwhom and when, and how issued? How signed and counter-\\nsigned? When and to whom payable? What rate of interest,\\nif any, are they to bear? And how is such interest to be paid?\\nOn all these points the act is silent. It would be well before dis-\\nturbing these funds to provide in the clearest and most unmis-\\ntakable terms for their return to the treasury within a short\\nand given period of time.\\nThis was my only veto, and the momentary irritation arising\\nfrom it was soon allayed, a large proportion of the men who op-\\nposed the measure soon coming to acknowledge its propriety, and\\nmy relations with the Legislature during the remainder of my\\nterm, so busy and so full of suggestions and actions, was of\\nthe most pleasant and harmonious character, the legislative and\\nexecutive branches of the government working in complete uni-\\nson for the good of the country.\\nIn addition to the discharge of the routine duties of the Gov-\\nernor s office I, without delay, bent my energies to the formula-\\ntion and adoption of measures to prevent the invasion of the\\ncountry by the enemy, to provide material, supplies, and arms\\nfor the defense of the State and of the Confederacy, and to prop-\\nerly care for the families of our soldiers battling at the front.\\nFrom the time of the secession convention our citizens began\\nvolunteering, and the organization of regiments throughout the\\nGiate was actively going on. Texas had now about 20,000 men\\nin arms, as before stated. Already Texans were doing faithful\\nduty in the Confederate army hundreds of miles beyond the bor-\\nders of the State, Hood, Wigfall, and Archer were in Virginia;\\nTerry, Tom Lubbock, and Gregg in Kentucky; Baylor in Kx\\\\-\\nzona; Greer and Locke in Missouri, and Ben McCulloch in the\\nIndian Territory.\\nCamps of instruction had been established at various points in\\nthe State, where men were mustered in, equipped, and drilled for\\nservice. My first work was to push on to completion organiza-\\ntions that were forming, and then to raise additional regiments.\\nThe State troops were transferred as rapidly as possible to the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0395.jp2"}, "396": {"fulltext": "356 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nConfederate service, as the sooner this could be done the less\\nwould be the expense to the State.\\nSuch gallant frontiersmen as Hays, Walker, Burleson, Ford,\\nMcCulloch, Eoss, and Baylor had in time past made famous the\\nTexas Rangers and demonstrated their superiority over the\\nUnited States regulars for frontier service, and men of this class\\nwere now in special demand.\\nBaylor and Ford, sent out by the convention with a regiment\\nto the Mexican border, were rendering a good account of them-\\nselves. The first had already conquered Arizona, and the second\\nheld by a tight grip the lower Rio Grande.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0396.jp2"}, "397": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 357\\nCHAPTER TWENTY.\\nThe Frontier Regiment Militia Organization Message on United\\nStates Bonds The Military Board Letter to Me from Secretary\\nBenjamin Exchange of United States Bonds for Confederate States\\nBonds Opinions of Wigfall, Hemphill, Waul, and Reagan My Re-\\nply to Secretary Benjamin The Board s Circular Address Arsenal,\\nCap and Cartridge Factory at Austin War Legislation Colonel\\nBaylor, Conquerer of Arizona President Davis on Retaliation The\\nTwin Sisters Attitude of Texas in the War Mason and Slidell\\nConfederate Disasters Coast Army Ordered to Arkansas.\\nPresident Davis had at an early day authorized the raising of\\na regiment of mounted riflemen for the protection of our Indian\\nfrontier. The time of service of this fine regiment, commanded\\nby Col. Henry E. McCulloch, was almost ready to expire, when\\nthe settlements would be left exposed to Indian forays. To meet\\nthis pressing emergency a law was enacted on December 31st\\ncalling into the State service for the special protection of our In-\\ndian frontier an organization known afterwards as the Frontier\\nregiment, but subject to the rules and regulations of the Con-\\nfederate States army. These troops were to be stationed outside\\nof the settlements at posts about twenty-five miles apart, as\\nnearly as practicable, on a direct line from a point on Eed River,\\nin Montague County, to a point on the Rio Grande, and thence\\ndown said river to its mouth.\\nOur representatives in Congress were directed to urge the ac-\\nceptance of this regiment by the Confederate government, with\\nthe understanding, however, that it was to be under the direction\\nof the State authorities, and not to leave the limits of Texas,\\nand the men were to be disbanded by the Governor whenever,\\nin his judgment, their services shall no longer be necessary for\\nfrontier protection.\\nIt fell upon me also to appoint an adjutant and inspector-\\ngeneral for the State, and for each congressional district one\\naide-de-camp for my stafl^. I was authorized to order a draft\\nfrom the enrolled militia should a sufficiency of volunteers fail\\nto respond to my call for troops.\\nThe frontier regiment was well officered by men of large fron-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0397.jp2"}, "398": {"fulltext": "358 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntier experience, good Indian fighters, and brave soldiers. The\\nfirst officers were James IST. Norris, of Coryell County, colonel f\\nA. T. Obenchain, of Parker, lieutenant-colonel; James E. Me-\\nCord, of Hays, major. After Obenchain was killed, McCord was\\npromoted to lieutenant-colonel, and J. B. Barry, of Bosque\\nCounty (known as Buck Barry), appointed major. Barry\\nwas quite distinguished as an experienced frontiersman and In-\\ndian fighter.\\nThe entire organization was made up of men already living\\nin the counties to be protected, the law prohibiting the enlistment\\nof men from other localities. The intention was to have only\\nhardy, brave men, who would be directly interested in giving\\ngood protection to their own homes, and also to keep those who\\nwished to avoid Confederate service from moving to that part\\nof the country.\\nIn a message to the Legislature in reference to the important\\nmatter of proper militia organization, I said I];i case of in-\\nvasion by the enemy the militia is our chief reliance for defense,\\nbut organization is badly needed. The inefficiency of the present\\nmilitia law being now demonstrated, our necessities require a\\nnew and more efficient law for the complete organization of the\\nmilitary force of Texas. A law simple in form and easy of exe-\\ncution is demanded, under which every able-bodied man in the\\nState liable to military duty shall be enrolled, disciplined, and\\nplaced under the command of good and efficient officers. All\\nable-bodied men in the State between the ages of 17 and 50\\nshould be subjected to military duty with certain exemptions.\\nEeferring to another important matter I said I would call\\nthe attention of your honorable body to the exposed .condition of\\nthe gulf coast and the imperative need for heavy guns in that\\nquarter, and this without any lack of confidence in the Con-\\nfederate States government to do everything in its power for\\nour defense. But we may have to depend upon such ordnance\\nas we have or are able to manufacture within this State. There\\nare artisans among us who understand the manufacture of can-\\nAmong other names considered for the appointment was that of\\nDr. R. M. Gano, member from Tarrant. This gentleman afterwards\\nbecame distinguished as a cavalry officer under General John H. Mor-\\ngan, and finally attained a brigadier-general s rank.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0398.jp2"}, "399": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 359\\nHon and muskets. Their services should be utilized, if possible.\\nThere is iron in Eastern Texas well adapted to the purpose, and\\nsteps should be taken at once to effect the manufacture of arms,\\neither through contract with private parties, or by means of a\\nState foundry.\\nResponding to the first of these recommendations, the Legis-\\nlature enacted a law to perfect the organization of the State\\ntroops and place them on a war footing. It was approved by me\\non Christmas day, 1861. This act was comprehensive and elab-\\norate in detail. It began by making liable to military duty all\\nthe white male inhabitants between the ages of 18 and 50 years,\\nwith these exceptions Postmasters and mail carriers, ferrymen\\non public roads, judges of the Supreme and District Courts,\\nand clerks of said courts, Secretary of State, Comptroller and\\nTreasurer of the State, chief justices and clerks of the county\\ncourts, all oflficers of the Confederate States, engineers and con-\\nductors on railroads, officers and crews of steamboats, sheriffs,\\nand officers of the penitentiary.\\nThe State was divided into thirty-three districts, each to be\\ncommanded by a brigadier-general. The following is an approx-\\nimately correct, though not official, list of those who were elected\\nand served as brigadier-generals under this arrangement Thos.\\nB. Howard, Geo. W. Van Vleck, F. B. Sublett, Drury Field, Sam\\nHenderson, F. A. Harris, W. P. Saufly, G. H. Wooten, Alex\\nSmith, D. B. Martin, W. M. Taylor, S. M. Flournoy, W. H.\\nHoard, A. E. Pace, H. F. Young, W. J. Kyle, Thos. M. Blake,\\nW. B. Middleton, Henry Jones, ISTat Terry, William Hudson,\\nWm. G. Webb, John Sayles, D. E. Crossland, S. B. Conley, N.\\nG. Shelley, H. P. Hale, John Scofield, W. W. Dunlap, W. B.\\nKnox, Eobert Becham, H. Clay Davis, and J. Magoffin.\\nIn answering, January 3, 1862, a letter from Col. James I.\\nCook relative to the military situation on the coast, I said\\nI appreciate fully the critical condition of our State should\\nthe enemy determine upon an invasion of our soil. Recognizing\\nfully the necessity of State action in my inaugural, as also in\\nmy message, I urged upon the Legislature that every means\\nshould be adopted by them to put the State in a proper position\\nof defense from the seacoast to the mountains. I have time and\\nagain urged upon individual members of the Legislature the im-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0399.jp2"}, "400": {"fulltext": "360 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nperative necessity of using fortiiwith all available means in the\\ntreasury for the purchase of arms and munitions of war, and to\\nplace all the resources and securities held by the State either in\\nthe hands of the executive or some other agent, that they might\\nbe used in carrying on the war in which we are engaged. Up to\\nthis time I am very sorry to say that, although many proposi-\\ntions have been introduced in the Legislature, no measures look-\\ning to the great necessity of self-defense have passed and become\\nthe law of the land.\\nThe suggestions you make are true. They are well worthy\\nof the prompt attention of the Legislature. I have already read\\nyour communication to several members pointing out the feasi-\\nbility of the plan you propose, and have urged upon them early\\naction in the premises. I fear many of our legislators do not\\nrise up to the important struggle we are engaged in, and are\\ntimidly hesitating to involve the State in an indebtedness that\\nmust follow the placing of the State on a proper war footing.\\nNotwithstanding the importance of immediately placing the\\nState on a war footing to resist impending evils, I am wholly\\npowerless to move in any direction to accomplish this desirable\\nobject unless the Legislature shall in its wisdom clothe me with\\nauthority to do so.\\nI shall be pleased at all times to receive any suggestions you\\nmay be pleased to make, with the assurance that I will bestow\\nupon them due consideration, for I can truly say to you that the\\nutmost of my desire is to protect the State and the people from\\ninvasion.\\nA few days after penning the above I sent the following mes-\\nsage to the Legislature\\nI am this morning in receipt of important intelligence of\\ngreat vital interest to the State of Texas as well as to the Con-\\nfederate States, and forthwith lay it before you for your action,\\nknowing that your patriotism will move you to wise conclusions.\\nI herewith enclose you a copy of a letter received by me this\\nmorning from the Hon. J. P. Benjamin, Secretary of War of\\nthe Confederate States, by which it will be seen he proposes to\\nsubstitute for any amount of United States 5 per cent bonds in\\npossession of the State of Texas which can be used in the pur-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0400.jp2"}, "401": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 361\\nchase of arms and ammunition, Confederate States bonds bear-\\ning 8 per cent interest.\\nI am also in receipt of letters from our members in the Pro-\\nvisional Congress, L. T. Wigfall, John Hemphill, and T. N.\\nWanl, which letters I herewith transmit you, all urging upon me\\nthe acceptance of the proposition made by the Secretary of War.\\nI am also informed by Mr. Giddings, who conveyed to me\\nthese papers, that our other members present at Richmond also\\nfavor the exchange, and that their letters may be daily ex-\\npected.\\nIt appears to me that the arrangement proposed would be\\na most advantageous one for the State, and the parties directly\\ninterested in the United States bonds now in the treasury greatly\\nbenefited by the exchange. The best we can hope for would be\\nthe assumption of the payment of the United States bonds by\\nthe Confederate States at a very remote period after the present\\nwar terminates.\\nShould the United States, after the declaration of peace,\\nagree to pay her bonds now in the treasury of this State, at what\\ntime can or will it be done? My own opinion is that that gov-\\nernment will be so totally and wholly bankrupted by the present\\nwar that she will never be in a condition to pay these bonds, no\\nmatter how great her willingness may be. Therefore, in a finan-\\ncial point of view, it is very clear to my mind that the interest of\\nthe State, the school fund, and the parties who expect to be bene-\\nfited by the use of these bonds, would all be greatly advanced by\\nthe proposed exchange.\\nOther considerations of a patriotic character rise higher tlian\\nall pecuniary interest, and appeal loudly and strongly for the\\nState of Texas to take some action in the direction indicated.\\nOur country is engaged, as I have ofttimes repeated, in a\\njust, holy, and important struggle. What we most require in\\norder to enable us to bring this war to a speedy and successful\\ntermination is the proper arming of our people and obtaining\\nthe necessarv munitions of war. We have now an opportunity\\nof contributing largely to that end without injury to ourselves,\\nand without the creation of any additional State debt and I\\ntrust, gentlemen, you will meet the crisis, come to the support\\nof the Confederate government, and by your action on this sub-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0401.jp2"}, "402": {"fulltext": "362 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nject inflict a heavy blow upon our enemies, and sustain the pa-\\ntriotism and devotion of the State of Texas to the great cause\\nin which we are all embarked.\\nI also transmit a letter on the same subject from Hon. Jno.\\nH. Eeaoan.\\nTwo days later I approved a bill entitled An Act to provide\\nfunds for military purposes.\\nThe first section of this law created a Military Board, consist-\\ning of myself, the Comptroller, and the Treasurer, and by the\\nother sections we were empowered to provide for the defense of\\nthe State by using any United States bonds in the treasury, ex-\\npress authority being given us to substitute them in equal\\namounts for bonds of the Confederate States.\\nOn the same day, January 11, 1862, I approved another bill\\non the same line entitled An Act to provide arms and ammuni-\\ntion, and for the manufacture of arms and ordnance for the\\nmilitary defense of the State. Under this law (for the purposes\\nabove named) was appropriated the sum of $500,000 of the\\nbonds authorized to be issued by the Act of April 8, 1861.\\nThe Military Board was authorized to dispose of said bonds\\nin any manner it might see proper and find necessary to the ac-\\ncomplishment of the objects enumerated in the law conferring\\nthis power.\\nUnder the terms of the various enactments enumerated the\\nboard was given a wide margin of discretion. We might sell\\nbonds straight out and then buy arms and ammunition, or barter\\nthe bonds directly for arms and ammunition, or for anything\\nelse contemplated by law. We were also invested with power to\\nappoint one or more agents to negotiate bonds, purchase arms\\nand ammunition, or superintend the manufacture of arms and\\nordnance, and to allow them reasonable compensation for their\\nservices. We might further, if we deemed such action advisable,\\nestablish a foundry for the manufacture of ordnance, and one\\nor more manufactories of small arms at convenient places in the\\nState. The act conferring the last mentioned authority went\\ninto effect immediately on its passage and carried with it an ap-\\npropriation of $500,000 to carry out its provisions.\\nBy an act entitled An Act to appropriate funds for military\\npurposes (approved January 14, 1862), $1,000,000 were appro-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0402.jp2"}, "403": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 363\\npriated for military purposes, as follows: For the support,\\ncomfort, and efficiency of the State troops, if called into active\\nservice; for the purchase of arms and munitions of war of all\\nkinds that may be necessary and proper; for the manufacture\\nof such arms and munitions, and the purchase in any market\\nof materials therefor; for procuring necessary armories, and\\nother places for storing military property; for preservation,\\ncare, and use of such property for stationary works of defense,\\nnautical vessels, and instruments, if needed; for the necessary\\nmaintenance of troops along the interior frontier under the law\\nfor its defense, and for all necessary and proper incidents of the\\nforegoing military purposes.\\nFor the purposes above enumerated Confederate money and\\nspecie (except that coming in from specific taxes and special\\nschool funds) might be used; provided, first, $35,000 in specie\\nshould be set aside for the asylums in Austin; $300 for pay-\\nment of postage for the executive and other departments, and\\n$1200 for obtaining blanks for treasury warrants.\\nEven at this early period of the war paper money, whether\\nState or Confederate, was circulated at a considerable discount,\\nand certain articles could be had only for specie or hard money\\ngold or silver.\\nThe foregoing acts creating the Military Board with ample\\npowers, and providing a fund for the military defense of the\\nState, was the kind of desirable legislation hinted at in my letter\\nto Colonel Cooke.\\nThe board organized at Austin, January 13, 1863, and at once\\nentered upon its official career. I was chairman. My private\\nsecretary, W. M. Walton, temporarily acted as secretary, and was\\nallowed extra compensation therefor. My associates. Comp-\\ntroller C. R. Johns and Treasurer C. H. Randolph, were men of\\nsterling worth, great energy, and excellent business capacity, and\\nwe worked together with complete unanimity as to personal and\\npolitical sentiments, ideas as to what should be done, and the\\nmeans to be employed in carrying into effect the plans we de-\\ntermined upon.\\nAt this first meeting of the board I laid before it the papers\\nI had submitted to the Legislature, to wit, the letter of Mr.\\nBenjamin to me, and the endorsement of the same by our lead-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0403.jp2"}, "404": {"fulltext": "364 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ning statesmen at Eichmond. Below appears Mr. Benjamin s\\nletter in full, and only such parts of the others as are relevant\\nto the subject:\\nConfederate States of America,\\nWar Department^ v\\nEichmond, 3d December, 1861.\\nSir: The ordnance bureau of this department has employed\\nMr. G. H. Giddings, of your State, as its agent for the purchase\\nof arms. Mr. Giddings has made arrangements for such pur-\\nchases in Matamoros, payment to be made in the United States\\nbonds now held by your State which as he thinks can be used for\\nthat purpose, if you consent.\\nThe object of this lett-er is to inform you that if you will\\nmake use of the United States bonds in your possession in the\\npurchase of arms to be approved by Mr. Giddings, at prices sat-\\nisfactory to him, this government will receive the arms from\\nyou at cost and charges, and pay for them in its own 8 per cent\\nbonds.\\nBy this arrangement you will succeed in exchanging your\\nUnited States bonds, now useless and bearing only 6 per cent,\\nfor the bonds of the Confederate States bearing interest at 8\\nper cent, and receive the interest regularly and punctually.\\nI hope your excellency may deem it consistent with your\\nsense of public duty to make an arrangement which seems to be\\nrecommended by so many advantages.\\nI am, y r ob t serv t,\\nJ. P. Benjamin,\\nSecretary of War.\\nHis Excellency Francis Lubbock. Governor of Texas.\\nIn reference to the above proposition, General Wigfall thus\\nwrote me from the headquarters of the Texas brigade at Dum-\\nfries, Va., December 9, 1861\\nDear Governor: I have no hesitation in advising\\nthat you accept the proposition. The United States bonds must,\\nof course, at the end of the war be recognized by the United\\nStates government; but will that government ever be able to\\npay them I think not. It will come out of this war utterly", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0404.jp2"}, "405": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 365\\nand hopelessly bankrupt, whereas the bonds of the Confederate\\nStates are amply secured, and must be at all times at par, if not\\nabove.\\nConfederate States Senator Hon. John Hemphill, in his letter\\nto me, said\\nI cordially recommend you to accept the proposition.\\nThe State, so far from making any sacrifice, will exchange bonds\\nwhich are now, and will probably always be, worthless to her for\\nstock now at par, and whose value will be commensurate and co-\\nexistent with the government itself.\\nCongressman T. N. Waul, from Richmond, under date of De-\\ncember 14, 1861, advised me thus:\\nMr. Benjamin s letter meets with my cordial approval, and I\\nhope it will meet your approbation. The investment is a good\\none under any circumstances.\\nPostmaster-General Jno. H. Reagan, under date of December\\n14, 1861, wrote me as follows\\nIt is understood that arms can be purchased with the United\\nStates bonds as cash. Our State can not at this time realize\\neither principal or interest on the United States bonds. And\\ntheir payment may be repudiated by that government if they\\nremain the property of the State and I recommend to your fa-\\nvorable consideration the proposition to exchange them for Con-\\nfederate bonds.\\nOn the subject of the manner of making the substitution, I\\nhave only to say that if it can be done it would seem best for\\nthe State to make the exchange of the bonds, and allow the Con-\\nfederate States government to take the responsibility of its own\\ntransactions in the purchases to be made with the United States\\nbonds.\\nAfter due consideration of the above letters we delivered on\\nJanuary 13, 1862, to G. H. Giddings- one hundred United States\\nbonds of $1000 each, bearing 5 per cent interest, and Mr. Gid-\\ndings receipted us therefor, With the positive understanding,\\nsays his receipt, that the War Department will recognize my au-\\n5 Under date oi December 12. 1861, Secretary Benjamin instructed\\nG. H. Giddings, his agent in Texas, to buy cotton witli Confederate\\ntreasury notes, to ship to and sell the cotton at Matamoros, and with the\\nproceeds purchase and pay for arms at that port.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0405.jp2"}, "406": {"fulltext": "366 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthority, and pav over to the Militant Board aforesaid bonds of\\nthe Confederate States for a like amount and bearing 8 per cent\\ninterest.\\nTo meet any possible contingency the following was added to\\nthe receipt the same day and duly signed by Mr. Giddings\\nNow, it is expressly understood that should the war depart-\\nment fail or refuse to recognize my authority, or to pay over the\\nbonds as stipulated, then I agree and bind myself, within ninety\\ndays from the date of this instrument, to pay to the said Military\\nBoard the amount of said bonds in Confederate treasury notes,\\nConfederate 8 per cent bonds, or in arms and munitions of war\\nat the price agreed upon in my contract with the Confederate\\ngovernment or the return of the identical bonds delivered to me.\\nOn the same day, at the suggestion of G. H. Giddings, we ap-\\npointed his brother, J. D. Giddings, as bearer of dispatches to\\nKichmond, and instructed him to press forward as rapidly as\\npossible. The most important of these was a letter from me to\\nMr. Benjamin. It was (omitting formal address and conclusion)\\nas follows\\nSir: Your highly esteemed favor of the 8d of December,\\n1861, was received by me on the 9th inst. through Mr. G. H. Gid-\\ndings. Immediately on its receipt, the executive having no con-\\ntrol over the securities alluded to in your communication, I sub-\\nmitted the matters to the Legislature, then in session.\\nThe Legislature very promptly passed an act to meet the\\nemergency (approved on the 11th of January, 1863), a copy of\\nwhich I have the honor to transmit to you. The act is not as\\nclear as it might have l)een, I presume from the fact that it was\\ndeemed best not to make known the particular character of the\\nsecurities sought to be disposed of.\\nYou will perceive that by the act a Military Board is created,\\ncomposed of the Governor, Comptroller, and Treasurer, any two\\nof whom may act, etc.\\nYou will also see that the act contemplates that for any of\\nthe bonds disposed of (meaning the United States bonds) a like\\namount of Confederate bonds shall be placed in the State treas-\\nury to the credit of the funds to which these bonds properly be-\\nlong, viz., the school fund.\\nUpon an examination this morning of your letter to the ex-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0406.jp2"}, "407": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 367\\neciitive, before referred to, the board was doubtful as to the au-\\nthority of Mr. Giddings 1o receipt us for the bonds as the agent\\nof the government; but, from our knowledge of Mr. Giddings,\\nand the many evidences he has with him of the confidence re-\\nposed in him by the War Department, together with the fact that\\nhe is now expecting valuable arrivals at Matamoros, at his solici-\\ntation we have placed in his hands (as per receipt, a copy of\\nwhich please find enclosed) one hundred thousand dollars of the\\nUnited States bonds, which we trust will meet your approbation.\\nThe board would prefer, as Mr. Giddings is the agent of the\\ngovernment, to place in liis hands the United States bonds that\\ncan be negotiated, giving the Confederate States government the\\nentire control of them. In return, we expect to receive the Con-\\nfederate bonds bearing 8 per cent interest, with, of course, the\\nunderstanding that, should you fail to use any portion of the\\nbonds, then and in that case the bonds so undisposed of will be\\nreceived back by the State of Texas.\\nThese bonds belong to our school fund, and are held very\\nsacred by our laws, as well as by the people. Nothing but a mili-\\ntary necessity would induce them to divert them from that fund.\\nDeeming this matter of great importance, we have dispatched\\nMr. J. D. Giddings, one of our most reliable citizens, to Eich-\\nmond, that he might interview you on this subject.\\nWe trust that you will accept our proposals and that you will\\nreturn by Mr. J. D. Giddings such acceptance, or that you will\\nsend to Mr. George H. Giddings full authority to execute to us\\nthe necessary receipts. We sincerely hope that, in the exchange\\nof these funds, much benefit may be derived by the Confederate\\nStates,- and that, by their use, arms, ammunition, etc., may be\\npurchased, that will materially aid in driving from our soil the\\nbase and foul invaders.\\nIn reply, Mr. Benjamin informed the board that he possessed\\nno authority to make such an exchange, but that he would pur-\\nchase of the State any arms and munitions of war that were pro-\\ncured by Mr. Giddings for these bonds.\\nMr. Giddings was allowed ninety days to endeavor to nego-\\ntiate the bonds. The Secretary of War having, however, notified\\nthe board that he could not ratify the agreement we had entered\\ninto with Mr. Giddings, we extended the time granted the latter", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0407.jp2"}, "408": {"fulltext": "368 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ngentleman. Mr. Giddings attempted in various quarters to ne-\\ngotiate the bonds, but without success, and finally returned them\\nto the board and they were placed back in the treasury.\\nIn a Circular Address to the people of the State, the board\\nmade a strong appeal to their patriotism, invoking their hearty\\nco-operation in all of the measures taken by it to provide for the\\ndefense of the country. Eecognizing the fact that cotton was\\nking, at least to the extent of furnishing the sinews of war, we\\nannounced in the address that large purchases of cotton were\\ndesirable, and for that purpose we offered in payment 8 per\\ncent loan bonds of the State, calling for semi-annual payments of\\ninterest in specie. These bonds were in denominations of one\\nthousand dollars each, with coupons attached. The address con-\\ncluded as follows\\nThe Legislature has done all it could have done for the de-\\nfense of the State. The duty has been imposed on us to so ap-\\npropriate the securities placed in our hands as to insure the\\ndefense of the State and the certain protection of the lives and\\nliberties of the people. We are confident that our appeal will\\nnot be in vain; we do not doubt that you will rally to the call\\nof your State we can not believe that you will fail to afford the\\nmeans to repel and chastise the insolent foe should he attempt to\\ndesecrate the soil of Texas with his polluting tread.\\nThen, freemen of Texas your State demands your aid, not only\\nfor your own defense and protection, but for the welfare of gen-\\nerations yet unborn and the security of civil and religious lib-\\nerty. Act, that you may remain free men\\nBy virtue of the authority conferred by law on the board, we\\nnext proceeded to send agents abroad to negotiate some of our\\nUnited States bonds for munitions of war, the one thing needful\\nfor the achievement of our independence. Other agents were\\nappointed to purchase cotton with the loan bonds of the State,\\nthe cotton to be forwarded to and sold in Mexico, and the pro-\\nceeds used in the purchase of various articles of prime necessity\\nand to establish factories for the manufacture of arms and other\\nneeded supplies by the State.\\nAmong other of our acts, we established an arsenal of con-\\nstruction at Austin. It was situated in the southeastern portion\\nof the city, at the mouth of Waller Creek. The following were", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0408.jp2"}, "409": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 369\\nplaced in charge of the works William Carson, superintendent\\nProf. Eossler, chief draughtsman James Brown, foreman of the\\nwood department; E. Perry and E. A. Miller, foremen of the\\nturning and finishing departments Thomas Randolph, foreman\\nof the foundry, and Joseph Marstella, foreman of the blacksmith\\nshop. The plant was speedily put in successful operation and\\nturned out a few first-class brass cannon that afterwards\\nperformed effective service for the Confederacy. The co])per\\nfrom which they were cast was brought from Mexico. The pieces\\nwere finished complete, thoroughly tested with double charges\\nof powder and solid four-pound shot, and in workmanship, ap-\\npearance, and excellence would compare favorably with any\\nturned out by any cannon factory.\\nWe also established a cap and cartridge factory at Austin,\\nutilizing the Supreme Court building for that purpose. This\\nbuilding stood back of the capitol. Emil Durhea, an experienced\\nchemist, was placed in charge as superintendent. All the ma-\\nchinery employed was made here at home. For instance, the two\\nhat-cap machines (each with a capacity of 250 caps a minute)\\nwere built for us by E. Perry, assisted by R. A. Miller, and the\\nrest by these gentlemen and others.\\nIt was also a part of our policy to make advances in cash and\\ncotton to private individuals, in order that they might be enabled\\nto establish needed industries. On this line of work the board\\nwas almost in continuous session until the succeeding meeting\\nof the Legislature, when the results were reported. My attend-\\nance was frequently interrupted by executive duties calling me\\nelsewhere but the board did no work in the meantime which I\\ndid not heartily endorse.\\nBesides the act creating the Military Board and the others that\\nhave been enumerated, the same session passed various other\\nlaws partaking of the character of war legislation, among which\\nmay be mentioned acts to provide for the disposition of certain\\nproperty belonging to the enemy then in the hands of the adju-\\ntant-general to provide for the construction of an efficient war\\nmarine, etc. to suspend all laws for the collection of debts to le-\\ngalize actions of various county courts in issuing bonds for mili^\\ntary purposes one providing for the pay of the State troops un-\\nder the command of Col. John S. Ford on the Rio Grande to au-\\n24", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0409.jp2"}, "410": {"fulltext": "370 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthorize the county courts to levy and collect a special tax for war\\npurposes; to appropriate money to defray all expenses necessary\\nto secure and transport clothing, etc., to the Texas volunteers to\\npay commissioners sent by the convention to the Choctaws, Chero-\\nkees, and other friendly tribes of Indians, and to Arizona and\\nNew Mexico; to create a hospital fund for the benefit of the sick\\nand wounded soldiers of Texas in the Confederate army; to au-\\nthorize the receipt of treasury warrants and Confederate notes\\nfor all dues and taxes, except the special specie taxes levied for\\nthe payment of interest and principal of loans, and interest on\\nschool fund loaned to certain railroads and to define and punish\\nsedition. Sedition, under the law, was declared to consist in\\nmaliciously and advisedly discouraging enlistments in the Con-\\nfederate army, or in disposing the people to favor the enemy. It\\nwas made punishable by confinement in the penitentiary for a\\nterm of not less than three nor more than five years.\\nAmong the private acts to aid in prosecuting the war were the\\nfollowing: To incorporate and confer special privileges upon\\nthe Texas Lead Mine Company, organized for the manufacture\\nof lead; to incorporate the Fort Bend Manufacturing Company\\n(capital stock not to exceed $200,000), for the manufacture of\\nall fabrics made in whole or in part of wool, cotton, silk, hemp,\\nor flax, and also articles made of wood, iron, and steel (a wide\\nrange of business, truly) to relieve certain railroads of paying\\ninterest on borrowed school fund until six months after the end\\nof the war to amend the act incorporating the Southern Cotton\\nPress and Manufacturing Company (capital stock not to exceed\\n$1,000,000), a corporation empowered by law to receive, store,\\nwarehouse, repair, compress, and rebale cotton, and to manufac-\\nture cotton rope, etc. to incorporate the Texas Powder Com-\\npany (capital stock, $30,000), and directing the Land Commis-\\nsioner to issue to said powder company six land certificates of\\n640 acies each, to be located on any part of the public domain\\nfrom which could be procured the necessary ingredients for gun-\\npowder (James E. Sweet, James Duff, Sam R. Maverick, Alex\\nYoung, and Francis Giraud were the incorporators) to incor-\\nporate the Texas Manufacturing Company (capital stock not to\\nexceed $250,000), and to authorize it to locate its plant or plants", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0410.jp2"}, "411": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 371\\nanywhere in the State, and there engage in the manufacture of\\ncotton and woolen goods, and any other fabrics, for home use.\\nThese incorporated enterprises indicated clearly the trend of\\nthe public mind at that day but several of them, on account of\\nthe insuperable difficulties in the way, never materialized.\\nBesides those mentioned, the Legislature passed an act author-\\nizing the Governor to appoint agents to receive and forward blan-\\nkets, clothing, and other articles to the soldiers of Texas. The\\nagents were to obtain these much needed supplies by voluntary\\nsubscriptions from individuals and deliver them to the soldiers\\naccording to the wishes of the donors.\\nHaving afterwards learned that articles so secured for our\\ntroops in the field were scattered all along the line, from Nib-\\nlett s Bluff, on the Trinity, to Virginia, I called the attention of\\nthe Legislature to that fact by message, with suggestions of need-\\nful legislation. This resulted in the prompt enactment of a law\\nappropriating $5000 to defray all expenses necessary to the secur-\\ning and transportation of all clothing or other contributions to\\nTexas volunteers, now or hereafter detained on the route, to their\\ndestination.\\nAt the same session joint resolutions were passed memorializ-\\ning Congress (in view of the circumstances enumerated) to sus-\\npend the custom-houses on the Rio Grande to pay the per diem\\nand mileage of the presidential electors for the election in 1861,\\nin which Jefferson Davis was elected president of the Confederate\\nStates commending Col. John E. Baylor and his men for the\\nconquest of Arizona and endorsing the stand taken by President\\nDavis in the Savannah incident. The following is the text of the\\nlatter resolution Resolved, that we highly approve of the\\npromptness with which the President of the Confederate States\\nhas made preparation to retaliate, in the event that the Lincoln\\ngovernment should execute, as pirates, any or all of the crew of\\nthe privateer Savannah and we express the decided opinion that\\nretaliation should be strictly and vigorously practiced by our\\ngovernment in all such cases.\\nIn their letter to me of December 27, 1861, the Texas delega-\\ntion in Congress say that, on presenting this resolution to Presi-\\ndent Davis, the president, in very apt and graceful terms, ac-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0411.jp2"}, "412": {"fulltext": "372 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nknowledged his obligations to the government of the State of\\nTexas for their endorsement of his action in the premises.\\nAnother joint resohition was the following, relative to the\\nTwin Sisters cannon, which, after they had been given to the\\nUnited States government, had been at Baton Eouge\\n^Yhereas, the State of Louisiana having caused to be placed\\nin order and delivered to the State of Texas the two gims known\\nin the history of Texas as the Twin Sisters, as a token of friend-\\nship towards this State, and desiring to return our acknowledg-\\nment of such a gift and to express our friendship and kind feel-\\nings towards our sister State:\\nSection 1. Be it resolved by the Legislature of the State of\\nTexas, that we receive the valuable and useful gift to Texas, and\\nacknowledge our obligations to our sister State for the friendship\\nand generosity so manifested by the donation of the guns that\\nare so famous in the history of Texas.\\nSec. 2. Be it further resolved, that we assure our sister State\\nthat it is our desire to cultivate and perpetuate the friendly rela-\\ntions that now exist between this State and the State of Louis-\\niana, and, should an occasion occur in which it will become nec-\\nessary for Texas to use the Twin Sisters in defense of the rights\\nof Louisiana, Texas, or any other State in the Confederacy, and\\nto repel the invasion of a despot, the sons of Texas will be found\\nready to man them and to remain by them until the invaders of\\nour common country shall be driven from our soil.\\nSec. 3. Be it further resolved, that the Governor of the State\\nof Texas be, and he is hereby, requested to cause a copy of these\\nresolutions to be transmitted to the Governor of the State of\\nLouisiana. (Approved January 13, 1862.)\\nThe guns came in due time and were deposited at Austin.\\nMaj. A. G. Dickinson, commanding the post at San Antonio, on\\nNovember 30, 1863, wrote Maj. S. T. Fontaine, chief of artillery\\nand ordnance for Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas The Twin\\nSisters, I am informed are at or in a camp in the vicinity of\\nAustin. They are in a deplorable condition, and I am fearful\\ncould not be used, and, continuing, referred him to Col. John S.\\nFord for further information. This is the last official mention\\nof these guns, says the compiler of Eecords of the Rebellion,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0412.jp2"}, "413": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 373\\npublished by the United States government since the war. The\\nsubsequent fate and present whereabouts of these guns (if they\\nare still in existence) is unknown.\\nThis Legislature, among its other acts, issued a solemn decla-\\nration to the world, defining the attitude assumed by Texas in\\nthe war: Among other asseverations in this document were the\\nfollowing: The people of Texas do hereby assure her sister\\nConfederate States and the world that she stands ready with\\nheart and hand to resist our invaders until the last soldier is\\ndriven from our borders and until we shall conquer an honor-\\nable and glorious peace. That the proximate cause of the\\ndissolution of the Union was that the North had the power and\\nhad avowed the determination to deprive the South of social and\\npolitical equality. That we have unlimited confidence in\\nthe wisdom of our President, the skill of our generals, the cour-\\nage of our soldiers, and in the final and glorious triumph of our\\ncause.-\\nI sent, as requested by joint resolution, a copy of this declara-\\ntion to each of our representatives in Congress, and to the Gov-\\nernor of each of the Confederate States, with a request that they\\nbe laid before their respective Legislatures. The confidence an-\\nnounced in the final issue of events may be considered as a fair\\nexpression of the public sentiment of that day.\\nAfter the adjournment of the Legislature I was quite broken\\ndown. My physician. Dr. J. M. Steiner, advised that plenty of\\nhorseback exercise would soon bring me back to my usual fine\\nhealth. Acting upon his advice, my horse was at the gate\\nevery morning soon after daylight, unless it was raining, and I\\nmounted and galloped from four to six miles. For 3 ears of my\\nlife I had been accustomed to ride from five to thirty miles\\nsometimes fifty miles a day, and my constitution demanded the\\nexercise.\\nI was often cautioned and advised by prominent men and good\\nfriends that, in taking my long rides alone and in going to and\\nreturning from my office at night, I ran considerable risk of as-\\nsassination, because of a lawless element and some few persons\\nwho were hostile to mo in consequence of my enforcement of the\\nlaws, and particularly of my determined course regarding enlist-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0413.jp2"}, "414": {"fulltext": "374 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nments in the service. I, however, fearlessly discharged my duty\\nand was never molested.^*.\\nReturning from my morning rides by the postoffice, it was my\\ncustom to get my letters, make the proper indorsements upon\\nreaching home upon them, and as soon as breakfast was over\\ngo to my office prepared for the day s work.\\nMy rides and the bracing morning air soon restored me to my\\naccustomed robust health, and, with the exception of a few days\\nconfinement from rheumatic fever, I enjoyed good health during\\nmy entire term of office as Governor.\\nIn November, 1861, occurred the Mason and Slidell affair,\\nwhich pointed to a rupture between England and the North.\\nCaptain Wilkes, of the Federal steamer San Jacinto, brought to\\nwith a cannon-shot the British mail steamer Trent on the high\\nseas, in the West India waters, and took forcibly from her decks\\nMessrs. Mason and Slidell, Confederate commissioners to Euro-\\npean powers. The Northern masses received the news with the\\nwildest delight, expecting a first-class hanging of traitors. There\\nwas still more joy, if possible, in the South, for we expected a\\nwar between England and the United States, which would have\\ninsured our speedy independence. In the British Isles the intel-\\nligence of the insult to their flag aroused a burst of indignant\\nfeeling, and her majesty s government was not slow to demand\\nsatisfaction. Meanwhile, the Lincoln governments^ had rati-\\nfied and approved of Captain Wilkes conduct, so far as the Navy\\nDepartment and the House of Representatives were concerned.\\nThe British demand was the liberation of our envoys and a suit-\\nable apology to her majesty s government, with only seven days\\nfor a compliance.\\n5^ After the war was over, now and then some fellow would ask an\\nexplanation of why I treated him roughly on some stated occasion. I\\nwas generally able to satisfy him that there was no intention of doing\\nhim a personal wrong; that I was working for the general good; and if\\nhe was hard to satisfy I just left him to do his complaining with the re-\\nmark: Well, what are you going to do about it? That generally\\nsettled the matter. At any rate I was never injured in any way by\\nsuch malcontents.\\n5s General Waul wrote me, December 28. 1861, on the Mason and Sli-\\ndell affair: If England does not compromise the matter the United\\nStates will back squarely down.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0414.jp2"}, "415": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK 8 MEMOIRS. 375\\nThe growl of the British lion produced such trepidation in\\nYankeedom that the anticipated pleasure of hanging traitors\\nvanished at once. Mr. Seward released the prisoners with al-\\nmost indecent haste, and made a most abject apology for the\\noutrage. British moderation under the circumstances was won-\\nderful, if not commendable.\\nNear the close of 1861 it seemed as if peace and independence\\nwere close at hand, but in a short time the prospects began to\\ndarken.\\nThe capture of Roanoke Island was soon followed by the more\\nserious disaster at Fort Donelson, which opened a way for the\\nenemy to advance on Nashville. The Confederate authorities\\nmade herculean efforts to arrest the further progress of the en-\\nemy southward. Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston was gathering a\\nlarge army for a decisive battle in Tennessee. The Secretary of\\nWar, under date of February 24th, sent an order to General He-\\nbert, in which he said Our recent disaster in Tennessee has\\ngreatly exposed our line of communication with the West, and\\nthe importance of this line is so great that it must be held at any\\nsacrifice. You are therefore instructed at once to send forward\\nto Little Rock, there to report to Ma j. -Gen. Earl Van Dorn, all\\nthe troops in your command for the defense of the coast, except\\nsuch as are necessary to man your batteries. No invasion is\\ndeemed probable, but if any occurs, its effects must be hazarded,\\nand our entire forces must be thrown toward the Mississippi for\\nthe defense of that river and of the Memphis Charleston Rail-\\nroad.\\nThis order did not apply to the troops on the Rio Grande.\\nSlowly and with apparent reluctance. General Hebert pro-\\nceeded, in compliance with Secretary Benjamin s order, to for-\\nward his troops to Arkansas. Failing to comprehend the mili-\\ntary necessities of the Confederacy at large, the general felt mor-\\ntified at the diversion of his best troops from the coast, and wrote\\nme, in a letter dated San Antonio, August 28th\\nWhen, nearly a year since, I assumed command of this de-\\npartment, I immediately set to work to place it in a defensive\\nposition. This, I think, I was in a fair way of accomplishing\\nwhen my best troops were ordered away. Our reverses at the\\ntime were no doubt a military justification of the orders issued,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0415.jp2"}, "416": {"fulltext": "376 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nyet the effect has been to paralyze my efforts and strip me of\\nmeans of defense. Tired of remaining here and filling\\nthe position of general recruiting olBcer for other commands\\nand departments, I have applied to Major-General Holmes, com-\\nmanding the Trans-Mississippi Department, to be assigned, in\\nthe coming campaign, to the command of the Texas regiments\\nraised b}^ me, now in Arkansas, and whose commanding officers\\ndesire to be nnder me, from written and verbal communications.\\nIn the meantime, I will stand at my post and do all I\\ncan to defend this department. Should the enemy land or in-\\nvade from any quarter, he shall be fought in some way, and with\\nsuccess if we can only get him into the interior.\\nGeneral Hebert s complaints were unreasonable. Had he used\\nhis troops, or proposed to use them to any effective purpose while\\nhe had them, I could have better sympathized with him. It will\\nbe remembered that he did not propose to fight for Galveston\\nwhen threatened with attack in ISTovember and December, 1861.\\nHebert had already been superseded in the command of Texas,\\nand was only awaiting the arrival of his successor.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0416.jp2"}, "417": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 377\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-ONE.\\nArrival of Col. Tom Lubbock s Remains at Houston\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Funeral Obse-\\nquies\u00e2\u0080\u0094Dearth of Arms\u00e2\u0080\u0094 General McLeod Memorial Services at\\nGalveston General Houston Col. O. M. Roberts at Camp Lub-\\nbock\u00e2\u0080\u0094Austin Ladies Meet and Adopt Resolutions of Sympathy for\\nTheir Sisters in New Orleans Blockaders Off Aransas and Velasco\\nGalveston Threatened Flags of Truce Martial Law General He-\\nbert Preparing to Evacuate Galveston Conference of Governors at\\nMarshall; Its Work and Results.\\nIt had been my melancholy duty to announce to the Legisla-\\nture the deaths of Senator John Hemphill at Richmond, and of\\nColonel Terry, of the Texas Rangers (Eighth Cavalry) at Mum-\\nfordville, Ky., and next came the distressing intelligence of the\\ndeath of my beloved brother, T. S. Lubbock, Terry s successor in\\ncommand of the rangers.\\nQuill, the Austin correspondent of the Telegraph, had this\\nto say on the sad event The news of the death of Colonel Lub-\\nbock reaching Austin this morning, January 23, 1862, it casts\\na gloom over the entire community and wrings the heart of the\\nGovernor almost to bursting. His bosom friend Terry has but\\nbeen just laid in the grave, and now the manly, heroic brother\\nhas yielded up his life. These brave men have fought the good\\nfight,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 they have done all that man can do, given up their lives\\nin defense of the country. No mortal can do more. Their mem-\\nories will live green in the heart of every son of the South. May\\nGod in His mercy deal gently with their loved ones on earth.\\nI immediately set out for Houston, where I met the remains.\\nThey were brought to that city from New Orleans, and were\\nescorted from the depot by Capt. D. M. McGregor s company of\\nhome guards, followed by his excellency F. R. Lubbock, Gov-\\nernor of the State, as chief mourner, and a large concourse of cit-\\nizens in carriages and on horseback, the cortege moving forward\\nto the sound of solemn music. The eyes of many an onlooker\\nwere wet with tears as the body passed up the street to Academy\\nSquare.\\nColonel Moore, as marshal, led the procession up Main Street.\\nAfter religious services at Academy Square by the Rev. Mr.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0417.jp2"}, "418": {"fulltext": "378 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nWagner, rector of Christ (Episcopal) Church, Hon. P. W. Gray-\\ndelivered a eulog3 eminently fitting the occasion and the man.\\nThe orator was at times almost too much affected to proceed.\\nIndeed, all were affected, for all felt that they were engaged in\\nthe celebration of the last sad rites connected with the interment\\nof the mortal form of a friend and true-hearted man, who had\\nyielded up his life at the post of duty.\\nOn the conclusion of the eulogy the procession formed in the\\nfollowing order: Home Guard, as a military guard of honor;\\nHolland Lodge, No. 1, A. F. A. M. the body horse of the\\ndeceased, led by his body servant; mourners; Colonel Moore s\\nregiment as military escort; ofSciating clergyman and orator;\\nmembers of the clergy, judiciary, bar, and medical faculty may-\\nors and aldermen of Houston and Galveston Independent Order\\nof Odd Fellows General Hebert and staff, detachments of vari-\\nous regiments and battalions of the Department of Texas; Col-\\nonel Parson s regiment of cavalry bringing up the rear the whole\\nproceeding to the Masonic Cemetery, where the body of Colonel\\nLubbock was laid to rest with befitting civic and military honors.\\nA few days later the bodies of Senator John Hemphill and\\nGen. Hugh McLeod arrived by railway from New Orleans. They\\nwere received with distinguished honors by the military and the\\ncitizens. After lying in state in Turner Hall for a few hours\\nthe bodies were forwarded to Austin for interment.\\nQuill, in the Telegraph of February 10, 1862, gives the fol-\\nlowing account of the burial of the distinguished dead at Austin:\\nThe bodies of Judge Hemphill and General McLeod arrived iu\\nAustin on last Friday, just at night. They laid in state until\\nthe evening of Saturday, when the burial took place. Although\\nthe day was wet and cold, almost the whole population turned out\\nto do honor to the distinguished dead, the true statesman and\\nthe gallant and chivalrous warrior. Business was suspended;\\nmilitary companies, judiciary, bar. Masonic fraternity, all joined\\nin the procession. The bodies were deposited in the State burial\\nground, where lie the remains of Burleson, Lipscomb, Britton,\\nand Walker.\\nIn compliance with an order from the War Department, on\\nFebruary 26th I issued a call for fifteen regiments of infantry,\\nstating in my proclamation that unless that call was complied", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0418.jp2"}, "419": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 379\\nwith and the quota of Texas furnished, a draft would be resorted\\nto. As so many troops had left the State without reporting to\\nthe Adjutant-General, it was impossible to know exactly how\\nmany regiments would be required to fill the quota of Texas, and\\nthe matter was somewhat delayed on that account.\\nThen the conscript act was passed, providing for the enroll-\\nment in the Confederate service for three years, or for the war,\\nall white men who are residents of the Confederate States, be-\\ntween the ages of eighteen and thirty-five years at the time the\\ncall or calls may be made, who are not legally exempt from mili-\\ntary service.\\nMay 7th I issued another proclamation reciting the above, and\\nconcluding with this exhortation\\nGreat is the peril to our beloved country Now in this, her\\nday of agony and trial, she looks to her children to defend her.\\nWill you come forward promptly and willingly to shield her,\\nor will you wait, Tcxans, to be dragged to the field by a draft,\\nor a conscription, or the fear of both?\\nCome, then, at once in companies, squads, or singly, to the\\ndifferent camps established in the State, at Houston, Hempstead,\\nTyler, Victoria, San Antonio, Austin, Bonham, and near Bren-\\nham. These camps are now provided with the ordinary neces-\\nsaries of life, and men fighting for existence must not expect to\\nbe fed on luxuries. This is the last opportunity that\\nwill be given to the citizens to choose their own service and offi-\\ncers. After this they will be enrolled and placed at once in the\\nConfederate service.\\nA crisis was upon us, and evidently it would require strong,\\nconcerted action to stay the tide of invasion and I gave honest\\nwarning to the people that even the oldest among those capable\\nof bearing arms might be soon called out to defend their homes.\\nThe men responded rapidly to the demands of their country,\\nand in a few months the fifteen regiments were made up; but\\nthe greatest difficulty was in getting arms and equipments.\\nVarious suggestions were made as to some available substitute\\nfor the ordinary weapons of the modern soldier. The lance, the\\nclaymore, and the bowieknife had each its advocates.\\nImportations of arms and munitions of war reached us occa-\\nsionally through blockade runners or from across the Rio Grande,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0419.jp2"}, "420": {"fulltext": "380 LUBBOCICS MEMOIRS.\\nand some were coming in from home manufactories. But. from\\nall these sources, the supply was insufhcient to meet the appalling\\ndemands. Col. G. W. Carter s cavalr}^ regiment first thought of\\narming with lances in lieu of something better; and the Legis-\\nlature provided for a regiment of Mexican lancers on our side of\\nthe Eio Grande, but the scheme never materialized. The State\\narms collected by the chief justices of the various counties were\\nof the crudest description and almost worthless for a soldier hav-\\ning to fight against the best armed troops in the world.\\nAnd this lack of arms and munitions of war being general over\\nthe Confederacy, it should never be left out of calculation in con-\\nsidering the battles of the civil war. Other things being equal,\\nthe best equipped armies always win.\\nBelieving that my presence on the coast would have a bene-\\nficial effect, I left the capital and proceeded to Galveston, and\\nthere, on March 1, 1862, participated in memorial services in\\nhonor of the memory of the late Gen. Hugh McLeod. There was\\na fine display of the military and a large concourse of civilians.\\nHon. M. S. Munson delivered a most eloquent eulogy on the vir-\\ntues of the deceased patriot. Then followed addresses by General\\nHebert and myself, and a grand review of the troops, about\\n3000 strong, well disciplined, and presenting quite a martial ap-\\npearance.\\nI made a speech the next day at the Tremont, explaining the\\ntrue meaning of my so-called burning letter to General Hebert,\\nand complimenting the authorities and citizens on their prepara-\\ntions and the prospects for a successful defense of the island.\\nBesides this, during my stay, I had the honor of two serenades.\\nI went away exceedingly gratified at the improved state of public\\nspirit everywhere manifest, and I entertained the hope that the\\nFederal invaders would meet with a stout resistance on Galveston\\nIsland.\\nOn my return I stopped over at Houston and visited the camp\\nof Moore s regiment, in the vicinity. There I had the unexpected\\npleasure of meeting General Houston. The Telegraph of the 6th\\ngives the following account of an incident that occurred during\\nmy visit to the camp\\nGovernor Lubbock and General Houston happening to be at\\nthe camp of Moore s regiment last Saturday afternoon, the Gov-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0420.jp2"}, "421": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 381\\nernor M^as called upon for a speech. He made a brief speech, in\\nhis usual felicitous style, urging the soldiers to guard well the\\nhonor of the State and do their duty manfully in the field.\\nGeneral Houston was then called upon for an address. He\\nindorsed everything the Governor had said. He observed that\\nhe had differed with many of them in the beginning of the diffi-\\nculties, but we were now in for it, and all his feelings and inter-\\nests were bound up in the success of our cause. He was too infirm\\nby reason of his old wound to go into the campaign himself but\\nhe offered up his only son old enough to fight (Sam Houston,\\nJr., of Ashbel Smith s compan}^, Moore s regiment) to the cause\\nof his country. He complimented the men on their soldierly ap-\\npearance and urged them to fight bravely for their liberties. He\\nalluded to the atrocities of the enemy, and animadverted in se-\\nvere terms upon theii conduct. The general s speech was re-\\nceived with loud cheers, which fact must have shown him that,\\nhowever much the people may have disliked his course at times,\\nhe has yet, personally, a warm place in their affections.\\nx4.nticipating an invasion of the State, and the Confederate\\ngovernment having ordered all of the available troops to leave\\nthe coast, I deemed it advisable to organize a small force to act\\nas scouts and spies in the counties bordering on the gulf and\\naccessible streams. I authorized the brigadier-generals of certain\\nbrigades to organize in each of such counties a company of\\ntwenty-five men, to be sworn in for the war, to furnish their own\\nhorses, arms, and subsistence, to be at all times subject to the\\ncontrol of the brigadier-generals. They were, when necessary, to\\naid in driving the stock of the citizens beyond the reach of the\\nenemy, to see that negroes and other property of the people did\\nnot fall into the hands of the blockaders, and generally to per-\\nform such duty as the brigadier-generals might require of them.\\nThey were to receive no pay from the State; the only immunity\\naccorded them for such service was relief from any other mili-\\ntary duty. I considered it a good and necessary arrangement\\nfor the State. After the passage of the conscript act by the Con-\\nfederate Congress, April 15, 1862, and complaint having been\\nmade that these companies were useless and should be forced into\\nthe army, I wrote a letter to General Hebert, in which I said:\\nI know that several of them have rendered valuable service. The", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0421.jp2"}, "422": {"fulltext": "382 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nConfederate oificers, with my consent, have employed some of\\nthese companies, as they inform me, to great advantage. They\\nhave at all times been ready to perform any service when called\\nupon by Confederate officers. In justice to the men composing\\nthis organization, I will state that they were sworn into service\\nlong before the passage of the conscript laws. It can not, there-\\nfore, be charged that they sought this service to avoid conscrip-\\ntion.\\nChief Justice 0. M. Roberts, of the Supreme Court, had re-\\nsigned his position on the bench to enter the military service of\\nthe State. Colonel Eoberts had been commissioned to raise a\\nregiment of infantry, a branch of the service repugnant to\\nTexans, the best horsemen in the world, and better adapted to\\nthe cavalry arm. His headquarters at this time were at Camp\\nLubbock, a few miles above Houston, on the bayou. His high\\ncharacter and patriotism gave him phenomenal success, and by\\nspring he had raised twenty-two companies, mostly from the\\nnortheastern counties. In response to General Hebert s inquiry,\\nCan you aid me at Galveston in an emergenc} Colonel Eob-\\nerts promptly replied I will come on call, at once, with my\\nwhole force. The emergency did not arise, but doubtless General\\nHebert felt more comfortable after the reception of this assur-\\nance of support. Colonel Eoberts broke camp in May, march-\\ning to Tyler with his own regiment and five companies that went\\ninto Colonel Hubbard s regiment.\\nThe battle of Shiloh was a great victory for our cause, but its\\neffect was neutralized in a great measure by the death of Gen.\\nAlbert Sidney Johnston and the reverse that our arms sustained\\nthe following day, April 7th, caused by the overwhelming rein-\\nforcements of the enemy. A few weeks later followed the sur-\\nrender of New Orleans, and it seemed to many that the Con-\\nfederacy was about to collapse.\\nI did not share this feeling, but thought that success was\\nwithin our grasp, if we would only prove ourselves worthy of in-\\ndependence by heroic sacrifice.\\nThese successive Confederate defeats, unduly exaggerated as\\nthey were by our enemies, encouraged the expression of disloyal\\nsentiments at Austin and elsewhere which had to be suppressed\\nsubsequently by the strong arm of the military.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0422.jp2"}, "423": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 383\\nNewspapers containing reprints of Butler s infamous order\\n(No. 28), respecting the ladies of New Orleans, reached Austin\\nabout this time. This order, had the rest of his career been\\nblameless, instead of being almost equally meretricious, would\\nhave justified the designation Beast that seems to be linked\\ninseparably to his name. A meeting of the ladies was held at\\nonce to express sympathy for their sisters of New Orleans. Suit-\\nable resolutions were adopted, and these were forwarded to\\nthe mayor of New Orleans. Chief Justice Wheeler, Bishop\\nGregg, and myself addressed the meeting, cordially approving\\nthe action taken, and encouraging the ladies in this and every\\ngood work of tender sympathy and devotion to their country.\\nLate in February a vexatious little affair occurred near Camp\\nAransas on the coast. Unexpectedly one afternoon the Federals\\nappeared in that vicinity with two launches and captured a sloop\\nbound for Corpus Christi, and took from her a quantity of medi-\\ncines and other articles designed for the government. Capt. B.\\nF. Neal, in charge of the camp, ordered out his company, and,\\npursuing, exchanged several shots with the launches, and drove\\nthem back to the ships.\\nSomewhat chagrined at their escape. Captain Neal reported:\\nThe enemy is becoming quite bold and daring, and will destroy\\nthe commerce of these bays unless checked in his buccaneering.\\nThey have the advantage of us, possessing better boats\\nand being more accustomed to them than we are.\\nThis gallant officer had two six-pounders but no powder, at\\nwhich he bitterly complained. This was an illustration of our\\ndisadvantages in the war.\\nIn April, Colonel Bates, at Velasco, reported that a large\\nsteamer anchored off San Luis Pass the day before, displaying\\nan English flag, a Confederate ensign, and what appeared from\\nthe shore to be a white flag. He said that Lieut. 0. W. Edwards,\\nwith seven men, and Mr. Alexander Follett, a citizen in that\\nvicinity, were decoyed aboard the vessel and held as prisoners,\\nand that when night came on a party of the enemy, in Edwards\\nboat, passed our battery on San Luis Island, and captured and\\nburned the schooner Columbia (in the rear of the island), laden\\nwith cotton. Finally, said he, owing to disobedience of Major", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0423.jp2"}, "424": {"fulltext": "384 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nPerr3- s orders by Captain Ballowe, the enemy escaped to their\\nship, without loss. Several shots were then exchanged with the\\nFederal steamer, but without effect. The captured crew and pas-\\nsengers of the Columbia were put ashore, after which the steamer\\nstood out to sea.\\nAn attack on Galveston had been for some time apprehended,\\nand on May 14th Col. Jos. J. Cook, the commandant there, in-\\ndicated (in special order No. 47 to Lieut.-Col. Manly, of the\\nartillery), a disposition to abandon the island on the approach of\\nthe enemy. This order directed all commanders of batteries to\\nmake every arrangement to spike the guns of their batteries, de-\\nstroy the works and gun carriages by fire, and fall back to the\\nHouston Galveston Railroad depot in good order, and there\\nawait further orders.\\nThe next day the Federal schooner Sam Houston made a\\ndemonstration, coming within a mile of the shore, but, being fired\\nupon by Captain Schneider s battery, quickly turned about and\\ndrew off.\\nMay 17th Capt. Henry Eagle, of the Santee, commanding the\\nUnited States naval forces off Galveston, dispatched the follow-\\ning, under a flag of truce, to the military commandant of the\\nConfederate States forces at Galveston Sir In a few days\\nthe naval and land forces of the United States government will\\nappear off the town of Galveston to enforce its surrender. To\\nprevent the effusion of blood and destruction of property which\\nwould result from the bombardment of your town, I hereby de-\\nmand the surrender of the place, with its fortifications and all\\nbatteries in its vicinity, with all arms and munitions of war.\\nColonel Cook^ immediately forwarded the enemy s note to\\nGeneral Hebert, at Houston, for answer within twenty-four\\nhours. General Hebert replied the same day to Colonel Cook,\\nas follows Will send answer in the morning. In the mean-\\ntime, prepare quietly to evacuate in the event of an overwhelming\\nforce making its appearance to bombard, as threatens; and\\nthat night sent him the following order: The company at\\nPelican Spit should be removed quietly Spike the gun. Act\\nso that the enemy s attention will not be called to your move. Call\\nColonel Cook and Captain Eagle were old friends and classmates\\nat college, and had been together four years at sea.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0424.jp2"}, "425": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 385\\nupon the president of the railroad. Let there be no excitement.\\nLet the flag stand at spit. Don t burn anything, for the present,\\nto excite attention of the enemy.\\nOn the 19th Colonel Cook thus addressed General Hebert:\\nI communicated to the commander of the frigate yesterday that\\nthe proper time for an answer to his demand will be when the\\nland and naval forces referred to shall have arrived, and such an\\nanswer will then be given. This morning she has up a white flag,\\nand I have sent out one. I am making the preparations advised,\\nas well as I can.\\nCaptain Chubb was sent out in the Eoyal Yacht and met the\\nFederal flag of truce (coming in a ship s boat) midway, in full\\nview of all. The flag was brought out by a midshipman and a\\nsmart crew of Yankee tars. As the boat came near, pTopelled\\nthrough the water with lusty strokes, the Federal sailors looked\\nup, recognized Chubb, and exclaimed: Why, there s Captain\\nChubb! Yes, replied the captain, this is Captain Chubb,\\nthat was hung for a pirate, and this, pointing to the boat, is\\nthe Eoyal Yacht that was burned and sunk all as good as new.\\nThe Federal midshipman was helped aboard by the captain, but\\nwas evidently much embarrassed at the sight of Chubb and the\\nYacht, both thought by the Federals, until that time, to have\\nbeen safely stowed away in Davy Jones locker.\\nLater Colonel Manly, under a flag of truce, met a Federal\\nofficer (Lieutenant Hart), who handed him his card with great\\nformality. In reply, Colonel Manly, after fumbling in his\\npockets a few moments, dryly remarked We don t use cards in\\nour service, and I have not a piece of paper large enough to write\\nmy name upon; so you must allow me to introduce myself by\\nword of mouth, which he did with a kind of mock gravity.\\nThe Yankee wished to return with C*olonel Manly to Galveston,\\nbut he was informed that this would not be permitted except on\\nthe condition of his being blindfolded. The officer, not being\\nwilling to submit to this requirement, went back to his ship.\\nColonel Manly brought in only a dispatch from Captain Eagle\\nto the foreign consuls, and nothing for Colonel Cook.\\nCaptain Eagle s note to the consuls was dated May 19th, and\\ncontained the following\\n25", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0425.jp2"}, "426": {"fulltext": "386 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThis demand [for the surrender of Galveston.\\nEd.] having been refused, I have the honor to inform you that\\nfour da3 s will be allowed you from this date in which to remove\\nyour families and property.\\nThe foreign consuls asked that some place of safety be desig-\\nnated to which they might retire with their families, and sug-\\ngested the Catholic convent in the city. To this reasonable re-\\nquest Captain Eagle replied It is not in my power to give you\\nany assurance of security during the bombardment, for it is im-\\npossible to tell what direction the shot and shell will take.\\nThere is to be no surrender under any circumstances, said\\nGeneral Hebert in one of his dispatches. There may be, how-\\never, an abandonment, in the face of a superior force (but noth-\\ning else), when it would be folly to attempt resistance.\\nI was in Houston at this time, and, to meet this emergency, I\\nordered General Howard, of the State troops, to muster into im-\\nmediate service every citizen subject to military duty, and to co-\\noperate with the Confederate States commanding officer at Gal-\\nveston. A few hundred recruits were obtained opportunely by\\nthis order.\\nThe laboring men, though offered large pay, refused to help\\nremove the coal from Galveston Island, whereupon Colonel Cooke\\ninformed General Hebert, and advised the declaration of martial\\nlaw as the proper remedy.\\nIn quick response was issued Order No. 41, declaring martial\\nlaw in Galveston and the neighboring coast counties.\\nThis stringent measure had a good effect. There was no more\\nturbulence. Maj. J. C. Massie, the provost marshal, called the\\ncitizens together at the courthouse, explained the situation, and\\nstated that all citizens between the ages of 18 and 55 must be en-\\nrolled under the order of General Hebert, and that all between\\nthe ages of 35 and 50 must be enrolled under my order, issued\\nthrough my aide, Col. J. H. Herndon. It was further announced\\nthat all the cattle, mules, horses, and surplus provisions must be\\nremoved from the island, and that transportation would be fur-\\nnished, on cars and boats, to points on the mainland, for women,\\nchildren, and other noncombatants. The exodus now began in\\nearnest, some on trains and others on the boats Diana, Carr, and\\nEuthven. Bv virtue of the enforcement of General Hebert s", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0426.jp2"}, "427": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK- S MEMOIRS. 387\\nand my orders the bulk of the fighting population, amounting to\\nseveral hundred, were added to the army by the enrolling officer,\\nLieut. Thos. Cocke. Meanwhile the cavalry were scouring the\\nisland for cattle, estimated at about 6000 head, and commissary\\nagents searching for surplus provisions. All the alien^** residents\\nwho procured protection papers from their respective consuls\\nwere excused from military duty in supposed compliance to the\\ndemands of international law; but we later learned and were on\\nsubsequent occasions guided by the rule in fact prescribed by the\\nJus gentium, viz. That aliens are liable to military duty in a\\nlevy en masse to repel invasion, but not to enrollment as soldiers\\nfor ordinary duty.\\nWhile executing his orders for the removal of property. Provost\\nMarshal Massie wrote the Telegraph I am moving heaven and\\nearth to get everything away. After a few more days the enemy\\ncan have all that is left; and if they can make much use of it,\\nthey may have my head for a football. About 5000 head of cat-\\ntle were taken off to the mainland.\\nThe refugees from Galveston were mostly poor and in need of\\nassistance. Of course, they had the popular sympathy, and con-\\ntributions were freely made in their behalf at Houston, Colum-\\nbia, and other places of refuge; but system was needed in the\\ngood work. 1 therefore issued a proclamation setting forth their\\ndestitute condition and calling on the various counties to make\\ndonations to the unfortunates through their county courts. In\\nthis way their wants were in a great measure relieved.\\nState Treasurer Randolph donated, as representative of the\\nGovernment Officers Fund Association, $1000, and sent it to\\nT. W. House, mayor of Houston, for the benefit of such of the\\npoor as may remove from Galveston Island.\\nA considerable military force had been gathered on the island,\\nand, under the skillful direction of Colonel Cooke, the prepara-\\ntions for resistance were completed. Besides this. General Hebert\\nheld the Tenth brigade. State troops, at Houston, to reinforce at\\n\u00c2\u00ab9 According to the Telegraph of July 1862, 298 aliens claimed ex-\\nemption from military service and applied to their respective consuls\\nfor protection papers. There were some notable exceptions to this\\nshirking |on the part of aliens, especially among the Germans and\\nBritish; and they did good service at every crisis on the island.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0427.jp2"}, "428": {"fulltext": "388 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\na moment s notice. The Yankees, advised of these dispositions,\\nfailed to attack, and were forced to content themselves with a\\nsullen maintenance of the blockade.\\nWhile this holding of the foe at bay and forcing them to allow\\ntheir threats of an attack on the city to pass unredeemed was a\\nsource of gratification to the military authorities and people, the\\nglorious Fourth of July did not bring the old-time hilarity on\\nthe island, as there were seven Yankee blockaders in sight to cut\\noff our supplies from abroad, and add to our discomfort gen-\\nerally.\\nA man deserted with a skiff that night and was seen approach-\\ning the Santee next morning. It was the notorious Nicaragua\\nSmith, of whom more hereafter.\\nAt every accessible point along our entire coast the Yankees\\nhad light draft vessels, with launches, cruising about and pick-\\ning up our little craft and friendly blockade runners. Sometimes\\nraiding parties would land and commit depredations, destroying\\nproperty and killing or kidnaping citizens.\\nIn June, 1862, the Mississippi Eiver was virtually in posses-\\nsion of the enemy, and the imj^ression was entertained in some\\nquarters outside of Texas that the Confederate authorities were\\nneglecting and abandoning the portion of the Confederacy west\\nof that river. While I and others in this State believed such im-\\npression to be unjust, and that the Confederate government\\nneither intended nor desired to neglect the Trans-Mississippi\\nStates, and that any apparent want of attention to our necessities\\nhad arisen from its inability at the time to guard against it,\\nGovernor Rector, of Arkansas, laboring under a misapprehension\\nof facts, issued a proclamation, in which he said\\nUntoward events have placed Arkansas beyond the pale of\\nprotection. IMuoh impaired, although not incapable of resistance,\\nshe will strike a blow for liberty and continue to be free. If left\\nto her fate, she will carve a new destiny rather than be subju-\\ngated. It was for liberty she struck, and not for subordination to\\nany created secondary power, North or South. Her best friends\\nare her natural allies nearest at home, who will pulsate when she\\nbleeds, whose utmost hope is not beyond her existence. If the\\narteries of the Confederate heart do not penetrate beyond the\\neast bank of the Mississippi, let Southern Missourians, Ar-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0428.jp2"}, "429": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 389\\nkansans, Texans, and the great West know it and prepare for the\\nfutiire. Arkansas lost, abandoned, subjugated, is not Arkansas\\nas she entered the Confederate government. jSTor will she remain\\nArkansas a Confederate State, desolated as a wilderness. Her\\nchildren, fleeing from the wrath to come, will build them a new\\nark and launch it on new waters, and seek a haven, somewhere, of\\nequality, safety, and rest. Be of good cheer, my countrymen;\\nthere is still a balm in Gilead the good Samaritan will be found.\\nStrike now and ever for your homes and liberty against all men\\nwho invade the one or dispute the other.\\nThis proclamation reached the ears of the government at Eich-\\nmond, and created considerable momentary uneasiness. To allay\\nthis I wrote unofficially to j\\\\Ir. Davis, under date of June 27,\\n1862:\\nMy friend. Judge Gray, did me but simple justice when he\\nassured you that I would be found, together with the people of\\nTexas, true and firm in the support of the Southern Confederacy.\\nThis is no time for bickerings, heart-burnings, and divisions\\namong a people struggling for existence as a free government.\\nI have given a letter of introduction to Col. Chas. De Morse.\\nI meant all I said in the letter, and trust you may be able to grant\\nhis request.\\nHe, as editor of the Clarksville Standard, a paper established\\nby him many years ago, utterly demolished Eeetor s proclama-\\ntion.\\nTjet me assure you that you need give yourself no uneasiness\\nin regard to it. If Governor Rector is wrong, when I see him\\nI shall endeavor to get him right. Governor Moore I am satis-\\nfied is a patriot, and will stand square up.\\nYou can rely on my fealty and devotion to the cause of the\\neiitire South.\\nAs a result of this letter, Maj. Guy ]\\\\I. Bryan came to me, at\\nthe instance of President Davis, early in July, and suggested the\\npropriety of calling a conference of the Governors of Arkansas,\\nLouisiana, Missouri, and Texas, to meet at Marshall, Texas, for\\nthe purpose of suggesting plans for the defense of the States west\\nof the Mississippi River, asking the adoption of such measures\\nby the Confederate government as might be deemed necessary", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0429.jp2"}, "430": {"fulltext": "390 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nand practicable, and taking such other action as might be de-\\ncided upon as advisable.\\nI heartily concurred with Mr. Bryan, and at once indited let-\\nters to the Governors of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Missouri, in-\\nviting them to meet with me at Marshall on the 30th of July, or\\nas soon thereafter as possible, for the accomplishment of the pur-\\nposes above enumerated.\\nThese letters I turned over to Major Bryan, who delivered\\nthem in due time to the gentlemen to whom they were addressed.\\nC. S. West, Secretary of State, accompanied me in my buggy\\non this journey of about 300 miles to Marshall. On the way we\\nhad the opportunity of speaking words of cheer to the people,\\ninforming them that the object of our visit to that place was to\\nput the country on a better war footing.*\\nGovernor Moore, of Louisiana, was prevented from being pres-\\nent by reason of the invasion of that State. I, however, had the\\nhonor and great gratification of meeting Governor Claiborne F.\\nJackson, of Missouri, than whom no more zealous, indefatigable,\\nand true-hearted patriot existed. God in his inscrutable provi-\\ndence later called him from his sphere of usefulness and, while\\nwe bowed with submission to the divine decree, we could but\\nmourn his loss.\\nGovernor Jackson and myself prepared the necessary papers\\nand forwarded them to Governors Moore and Rector, who most\\nfully endorsed all that we had done, and affixed their signatures\\nto the papers. These in due time were delivered to President\\nDavis by Maj. Guy M. Bryan, then an aide-de-camp to Gen. P. 0.\\nHebert. In all this business much was due to him for the good\\nthat resulted from our consultation.\\nThe Texas Republican of July 2(5, 1862, thus notices the arrival of\\nthe Governors:\\nGovernor Jackson and Governor Lubbock nave reached here. On\\nWednesday evening Hon. Guy M. Bryan, who has taken great interest\\nin this proposed interview, and who contributed his aid to bring it\\nabout, arrived from Little Rock, which place he left last Saturday\\nmorning. Governor Rector, of Arkansas, can not attend in consequence\\nof domestic affliction (one of his children being dangerously ill), but has\\npromised his hearty co-operation in any measures that may be adopted\\nfor counsel or defense. Governor Moore, of Louisiana, is expected, but\\nhas not arrived. This meeting is pregnant, we are fain to believe, with\\nimportant results.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0430.jp2"}, "431": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 391\\nWe addressed a letter to President Davis in which we said, in\\npart:\\nThe events of the past three months have clearly disclosed\\nthat to properly defend the States west of the river three things\\nare absolutely indispensable; without them we can not use our\\nstrength nor fully develop the mighty power of resistance that is\\nin our midst.\\nFirst. We should have a commanding general having terri-\\ntorial jurisdiction over all the States west of the Mississippi\\nEiver.\\nSecond. We must have money for the support of the army.\\nThird. We must have arms and also ammunition, if it can\\nbe spared but arms we are compelled to have.\\nThe method pursued, since the loss of the Mississippi, of\\nsending special messengers to Eichmond for money, has not only\\nbeen attended with great risk and expense, but the transportation\\nof such messengers, if the system should be continued, will cost\\nthe government more than the establishment and support of a\\nbranch of the treasury department. We do not deem it neces-\\nsary to enlarge on the absolute necessity of a measure when it\\nseems so obvious.\\nOur soldiers are withoiit their pay, and in some instances dis-\\nsatisfied. This dissatisfaction has been carried so far in some\\ncases as to amount to mutiny. The government has contracted\\nheavy debts and is daily contracting more. In order that the\\nfaith of the people and of the soldiers in the government may not\\nbe shaken, it should provide means for the sjoeedy payment of its\\nsoldiers and its creditors. If there is no power under present\\nlegislation to establish such a branch of the treasury, then we\\nwould suggest that the attention of the Congress soon to meet\\nbe called at once to the matter so that this want may be remedied.\\nThere is a most distressing want of small arms on this side\\nof the river. There are at this time many regiments and organ-\\nized bodies of soldiers who have been idle in camp at an enormous\\nexpense to the government for six months past, and all for the\\nwant of arms. If 20,000 or 30,000 stand of small arms could be\\nsent across the river, we feel satisfied that in two months after\\ntheir arrival we would have an army of 50,000 men in the field,\\nand are sanguine that with an abundance of funds and an able", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0431.jp2"}, "432": {"fulltext": "392 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ncommander, the number could be increased even beyond that\\namount.\\nWe can assure you that it is the fixed and unalterable purpose\\nof the States of Arkansas^ Louisiana, and Texas, and the brave\\nand loyal sons of Missouri, whose hearts are in our cause, to sus-\\ntain with all their power the Confederate government, and, at all\\nhazards, to offer a stubborn resistance to the enemy at every\\npoint. All that we desire is that you send us a cool and able head\\nto direct our military oj^erations, provide the funds necessary to\\nsupport the arm}^, and the arms to put into the hands of our citi-\\nzens, and then we will endeavor to deal with the enemy on this\\nside of the river as successfully as you have done upon the James\\nand the Chickahoniiny.\\nBy the same messenger who conveyed the formal communica-\\ntion of the Governors I sent a personal letter to President Davis,\\nin which I said Colonel Bryan can explain to you more fully\\nthan I can write the situation of the country, and the great im-\\nportance of acting at once in the premises. And also a letter\\nto our senators and representatives in Congress, in which I said\\nin part\\nNothing said to the President has been over-colored. The\\nfact is, our soldiers have been suffering for months. A large\\nportion of the men in the field are poor and with families. They\\nhave abandoned business, many of them leaving their affairs in\\na most deplorable condition, so that even the mere pittance al-\\nlowed them by the government would go, in many cases, far to\\nrelieve the wants of those they leave behind. Instances are fre-\\nquent of wives of soldiers in the service being compelled to sacri-\\nfice property in order to pay their taxes, whilst the government\\nis indebted to their husbands for services in the army. These\\nthings should not be.\\nThe same may be said of citizens who have sold property to\\nthe government, and of mechanics who have labored for quarter-\\nmasters, commissaries, etc. A remedy should at once be found\\nfor these evils. It is necessary in order to give our people confi-\\ndence in the government. To do this, it will be necessary, it will\\nbe imperatively necessary, that a fiscal agent, branch of the\\ntreasury, or some other plan be adopted whereby the department\\nwest of the Mississippi can be constantly supplied with adequate", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0432.jp2"}, "433": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 393\\nmeans for its support. Scare a clay passes that we do not see and\\nhear of colonels, agents, and others running to Kichmond after\\nfunds. Eegiments, battalions, and companies are detained for\\nmonths after their organization for means required to move\\nthem. This must all be attended with most ruinous expense to\\nthe government, and injury to our cause.\\nA general, cool, brave, energetic, and with the ability to com-\\nmand our vast country, should be immediately sent here. There\\nshould be but one head, with ample power to control all of the\\nterritory west of the Mississippi, including jurisdiction over all\\nof the sub-military districts, and he should be fully authorized\\nto do all things connected with the defense of the country.\\nIf these suggestions are acted upon promptly, and the gov-\\nernment could send us an additional supply of small arms, even\\nthough they be the arms that have been laid aside for better ones,\\nI feel assured in saying that we can furnish a good fighting man\\nfor every gun so sent in addition to those now armed and in the\\nservice, and that we can preserve and keep safe our territory for\\nthe Confederacy. You can rest assured, gentlemen, and so say\\nto the President, that since my occupation of the executive chair\\nevery exertion has been made on my part to sustain his adminis-\\ntration and the cause of the Confederacy that I have no other de-\\nsire than to see the government prosperous and successful, and\\nnothing that I can do to sustain the Confederate authorities shall\\nbe omitted.\\nColonel Bryan has kindly consented to bear our letters, and\\nI trust with your assistance his mission may prove entirely suc-\\ncessful. You may fully confer with Colonel B. He has been\\npresent during our interviews, and understands well the points\\nwe wish to make, and can give you much valuable information\\nas to the condition of things generally.\\nThe following are extracts from the address that Governors C.\\nF. Jackson, Thos. 0. Moore, H. M. Eector, and myself issued to\\nthe citizens and soldiers of the States of Missouri, Arkansas,\\nLouisiana, and Texas\\nWe, your Governors, have deemed it our duty freely to con-\\nfer with one another for our common good and for the alvance-\\nment of the sacred cause of the Confederacy, a cause that in-\\n6 1 The above letter was written at Marshall.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0433.jp2"}, "434": {"fulltext": "394 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nvolves not only the permanent prosperity of the States concerned,\\nbut the preservation on this continent of the rights of self-gov-\\nernment bequeathed to us by our forefathers.\\nWe have every confidence in the Confederate authorities. We\\nbelieve that they will fully sustain the credit of the government\\nhere, and provide amply for our future defense. But in order\\nthat they may be able thus to defend us, it behooves us all to be at\\nwork. Let every firearm be repaired, and every gunsmith and\\nevery worker in iron, and every mechanic be employed in fashion-\\ning the material of war. Let the women sit day by day at the\\nspinning-wheel and the loom, and with the needle, never weary\\nin preparing the necessary articles of clothing for the brave sol-\\ndiers of our States who stand between them and infamy and\\nmisery as an impassable bulwark in our cause. Let all the war-\\nlike resources of these great States be brought to light. It is for\\nliberty and life we fight; and a good God has given us in this\\nfair land all the material that brave men need to defend their\\nhomes and honor.\\nAs to the final results, fellow-citizens, judging by the his-\\ntory of the past eighteen months, can you doubt it\\nExcept on the coast and on our rivers, at points easily as-\\nsailed by gunboats, we have had no cause to complain of the re-\\nsult. Witness Bethel, Manassas, Oak Hill, Lexington, Lees-\\nburg, Belmont, Shiloh, and Chickahominy. Our soldiers have\\nshown on every field a desperate valor that has wrung reluctant\\nplaudits from our foes. Whenever ordered to advance, they have\\ndone so regardless of the danger, and at the word of command.\\nWith such soldiers and such incentives to action, and with\\nall present causes of complaint in the course of speedy removal,\\nwe again say to you, be of good cheer. There is everything to\\nencourage us, and you may rest assured that it is our fixed and\\nunalterable purpose to contest every inch of ground with the en-\\nemy, and, judging you by your past patriotism, we shall most con-\\nfidently rely on you for your hearty and earnest co-operation.\\nBe firm, true, hopeful, and resolute, and a just God will help\\nand protect, whilst brave hearts will fight and die.\\nSubmission, or subjugation, places the feet of the oppressor\\nupon your necks, yields up your noble women to Butlers, and de-\\ngrades or drives into exile your children.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0434.jp2"}, "435": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 395\\nA people united and determined to be free can never be con-\\nquered. Eemember this. Gird on your swords, shoulder your\\nrifles, and be ready for the word of command when given by the\\ngovernment of our choice and affection.\\nOur meeting quieted the little unrest felt, and gave us more\\nstrength for the next two years conflict.\\nColonel Bryan did faithful service both as a counselor and as\\na messenger. He traveled thousands of miles by every mode of\\nconveyance to bear dispatches, never failing until this conference\\nat Marshall brought favorable results in restored confidence, in\\nthe appointment of a chief with enlarged discretionary powers,\\nand the establishment of a fiscal agency for the Trans-Mississippi\\nDepartment. But as for the arms and ammunition, we had to\\ndo the best we could for ourselves. That the best was so bad, so\\ninsufficient for the pressing necessities of the country, will make\\nan important chapter in the truthful history that relates how\\nbrave and true patriots in defense of their rights were finally\\nforced to surrender.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0435.jp2"}, "436": {"fulltext": "396 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTEE TWENTY-TWO.\\nLetter from General Hebert General Sibley s Expedition to New Mex-\\nico El Easo March Up the Rio Grande Battle of Valverde\\nOfficial Reports Socorro and Albuquerque Occupation of Santa\\nFe Battle of Glorieta Retreat Peralto Terrible March Across\\nthe Jornada Return to San Antonio Sibley s Final Report\\nReiley s Mission to Chihuahua.\\nOn my return to Austin I found a letter from General Hebert,\\nexcusing himself for not attending the conference at Marshall,\\nas he had promised me to do, and sa3dng The enemy s demon-\\nstration at Corpus Christi, since realized by actual landing and\\nbombardment the reports of disloyalty in certain counties, since\\nproved well founded by armed resistance to our troops the evac-\\nuation of ISFew Mexico and Arizona by General Sibley, leaving\\nour northwest posts exposed, and the arrival of his command,\\nwith other matters, made my presence here absolutely necessary\\nabout the time I should have been absent. Futhermore, I had\\nsome faint fears that the result of the conference might have in-\\nvolved the taking of more troops from this State.\\nAlways on the alert for disaster, the general adds Colonel\\nCarleton with his California troops, or a portion of them, has no\\ndoubt ere this occupied Fort Bliss, an intercepted dispatch of his\\nshowing this to be his intention. Our line of forts will have to be\\nabandoned to Fort Clark.\\nGeneral Sibley had been a United States officer in New Mexico,\\nand was presumably familiar with the country and people. After\\nhis resignation from the United States army he repaired to Eich-\\nmond, and at his solicitation obtained authority to organize an\\nexpedition in Texas for the conquest of New Mexico. Thus,\\nwhile Col. John E. Baylor was conquering Arizona Territory in\\nthe summer of 1861, Sibley was busy raising a brigade to occupy\\nSanta Fe. Gov. Ed Clark heartily co-operated with General Sib-\\nley, but owing to unavoidable delays caused by scarcity of arms\\nand accoutrements, the expedition did not get ready before win-\\nter. The dreary stretch of 700 miles through Western Texas to\\nEl Paso could yield no supplies to troops marching across it.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0436.jp2"}, "437": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 397\\ntherefore the brigade moved ofE from San Antonio by regiments,\\nwith intervals of a week or more in starting. It was made up\\nof the Second, Fourth, Fifth, and Seventh regiments of mounted\\nvolunteers, and Teel s battery of artillery.\\nGeneral Sibley and staflE reported at El Paso about the mid-\\ndle of December. Sibley s brigade and the forces under General\\nBaylor were united early in January at Fort Thorn, New Mexico,\\nand the headquarters selected, General Sibley assuming command\\nof the whole. It was while the Confederate army of New Mexico\\nand Arizona was concentrating for an advance upon Fort Craig l/\\nthat Colonel Eeiley was dispatched upon a diplomatic mission to\\nChihuahua.\\nIt is due to the brave soldiers I have had the honor to C9m-\\nmand, afterwards reported General Sibley, to premise that,\\nfrom its first inception, the Sibley brigade has encountered dif-\\nficulties in its organization, and opposition and distaste to the\\nservice required at its hands, which no other troops have met\\nwith. From misunderstandings, accidents, deficiency of arms,\\netc., instead of reaching the field of its operations early in Sep-\\ntember, as was anticipated, I found myself at this point (Fort\\nThorn) as late as the middle of January, 1863, with only two\\nregiments and a half, poorly armed, thinly clad, and almost des-\\ntitute of blankets. The ranks were becoming daily thinned by\\nthose two terrible scourges to an army smallpox and pneu-\\nmonia. Not a dollar of quartermaster s funds was on hand, or\\never had been, to supply the daily and pressing necessities of the\\nservice, and the small means of this sparse section had been long\\nconsumed by the force under the command of Lieutenant-Col-\\nonel Baylor, so that the credit of the government was not as avail-\\nable a resource as it might otherwise have been.\\nMoving up the Rio Grande, and finally crossing that stream.\\nGeneral Sibley made a reconnoissanee, February 16th, in force,\\non Fort Craig. Then, convinced of the futility of attacking Gen-\\neral Canby s larger army, firmly entrenched at that point, he\\nslowly withdrew his troops to the left bank of the river, hoping\\n\u00c2\u00ab8 Major A. M. Jackson, A. A. G. Captain R. M. Browning, A. Q.\\nM.; Captain Griffin, commissary; Dr. Coroy, brigade surgeon; Major\\nW. L. Robards, aide-de-camp: Thomas P. Ocliiltree and Joseph E.\\nDwyer, volunteer aides, constituted General Sibley s staff.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0437.jp2"}, "438": {"fulltext": "398 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthus to decoy the enemy into the open fields, and there fight him\\nto advantage. This movement had the desired effect. The Fed-\\nerals attributed the withdrawal of the Texans to a premeditated\\ndetermination to retreat and avoid battle with a superior force.\\nSo surmising, even the Mexican contingent of the Union garri-\\nson at Fort Craig enthusiastically sallied out from behind the\\nfortifications to participate in the pursuit and help force an en-\\ngagement. The result was a hot fight, and a brilliant victory\\nfor the Texans at Valverde.\\nGeneral Sibley thus reported the battle to General Cooper at\\nRichmond, February 22, 1862\\nI have the honor to report to you, for the information of the\\nPresident, that I encountered the enemy at this point (six miles\\nabove Fort Craig) in force at 11 o clock yesterday morning, and\\nafter one of the most severely contested actions, lasting until 5\\np. m., the enemy was driven from the field with a loss, as esti-\\nmated, of four captains of the regular army, and some 300\\nkilled and wounded, and the capture of his entire field bat-\\ntery, the disabling of one twenty-four-pounder, and the abandon-\\nment of another in the river. We have but few prisoners among\\nthem is Capt. Wm. H. Russell, of the Tenth infantry. The en-\\nemy had upon the field about 3500 men, 1200 of whom were old\\nregulars. We never had more than 1500 engaged. For the first\\ntime, perhaps, on record, batteries were charged and taken at the\\nmuzzle of double-barrel shotguns, thus illustrating the spirit,\\nvalor, and invincible determination of Texas troops. Nobly have\\nthey emulated the fame of their San Jacinto ancestors. Our\\nloss was severe forty killed, including Maj. S. A. Loekridge, of\\nthe Fifth regiment, and Capt. M. Heuvel, of the Fourth. I have\\nno report of the wounded, but think 100 will cover it.\\nBefore closing this report, it is especially due to Col. Thomas\\nGreen of the Fifth, to say that, in consequence of severe and pro-\\nlonged illness and weakness resulting from it, I could only keep\\nmy saddle until 1 o clock, and at that hour I relinquished to him\\nthe full direction of active operations. His coolness under the\\nheaviest fire, and intrepidity under the most trying circum-\\nstances, are sufficiently attested by the results. I can not com-\\nmend Colonel Green too highly to the favorable consideration of\\nthe executive.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0438.jp2"}, "439": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 399\\nIt will be necessary, to secure our purpose, to reinforce me\\nlargeW from Texas at as early a day as possible. The force we\\nhad to contend against amounted to near 6000 men.\\nI beg leave, in conclusion, to bring to your notice the intelli-\\ngence and valor of the members of my staff, Maj. A. M. Jack-\\nson, A. A. G. Maj. R. T. Browning, commissary of subsistence;\\nLieutenant Ochiltree, aide-de-camp, and Col. W. L. Robards,\\nMajor Magoffin, and Capt. J. Dwyer, volunteer aides.\\nP. S. Lieut.-Col. J. S. Sutton, of the Seventh regiment\\n(Col. William Steele s), in command of his battalion, and Capt.\\nWillis L. Lang, of the Fifth, greatly distinguished themselves,\\nand were both severely wounded; and I should not omit Lieut.\\nD. M. Bass, of Captain Lang s company, who was also severely\\nwounded in front of the charge, leading the lancers upon the\\nenemy.\\nThe following extract is from Col. Tom Green s report:\\nOur dismounted troops, in front, were composed of parts of\\nthe Fourth and Fifth regiments of Texas mounted volunteers,\\nand parts of Lieutenant-Colonel Sutton s and most of Pyron s\\nbattalion, and Teel s, Reiley s, and Wood s batteries of artillery,\\nnumbering about 750 on the ground. Major Raguet s cavalry\\nnumbered about 250, making about 1000 men in the charge.\\nAt the command to charge our men leaped over the sand-\\nbank, which had served as a good covering to them, and dashed\\nover the open plain, thinly interspersed with cottonwood trees,\\nupon the battery and infantry of the enemy in front, composed\\nof the United States regulars and Denver City volunteers, and,\\nin a most desperate charge and hand-to-hand conflict, completely\\noverwhelmed them, killing most of their gunners around their\\ncannon, and driving the infantry. into the river. Never were\\ndouble-barrel shotguns and rifles used to better effect. A large\\nnumber of the enemy were killed in the river with shotguns\\nand sixshooters in their flight. So soon as the enemy had fled\\nin disorder from our terrible fire in front, we turned upon his\\ninfantry and cavalry and twenty-four-pounders on our left flank,\\nfirst engaged by Major Raguet. We charged them, as we had\\nthose in front; but they were not made of as good stuff as the\\nregulars, and a few fires upon them with their own artillery and\\nTeel s guns, a few volleys of small arms and the old Texas war-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0439.jp2"}, "440": {"fulltext": "400 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nshout completely dispersed them. They fled from the field, both\\ncavalry and artillery, in the utmost disorder, many of them drop-\\nping their guns to lighten their heels, and stopping only under\\nthe Avails of the fort. Our victory was complete. The enemy\\nmust have been 3000 strong, while our force actually engaged did\\nnot exceed 600. Six splendid pieces of artillery and their entire\\nequipage fell into our hands also many fine small arms.\\nColonel Green thus commends two members of his regimental\\nstaff\\nSergt.-Maj. C. B. Sheppard shouldered his gun and fought\\ngallantly in the ranks of Captain McPhail s company in the\\ncharge. Lieut. Joseph D. Sayers, adjutant of the Fifth, during\\nthe whole day reminded me of a hero of the days of chivalry. He\\nis a gallant, daring, and dashing soldier, and is as cool in a storm\\nof grape, shell, canister, and musketry as a veteran. I recom-\\nmend him, through the General, to the President for promo-\\ntion.\\nA noble tribute this to the worth of the youth to be called\\nthirty-six years later to the governorship of Texas.\\nGeneral Canby, the Federal commander, admitted his force to\\nbe 3500 men. Ours on the field did not exceed 1750, viz: The\\nFourth regiment, 600: the Fifth, 600; the Seventh, 300, and\\nPyron s command. Second mounted regiment of rifles, 250.\\nCanby reported his loss at 68 killed, 160 wounded, and 35\\nmissing total, 863. Our loss was 36 killed, 150 wounded, and\\n1 missing total, 187.\\nDepositing our sick at Socorro, thirty miles above Fort\\nCraig, says General Sibley in a later report, the march was un-\\ninterruptedly made to Albuquerque, where, notwithstanding the\\ndestruction by the enemy of large supplies by fire, ample subsist-\\nence was secured. A very considerable quantity of supplies and\\nammunition was also obtained at Cubero, a temporary post sixty\\nmiles west of Albuquerque. Other supplies were also taken at\\nSanta Fe, and, upon the whole, we had a sufficiency for some\\nthree months.\\nIt is due to the Fourth regiment to mention at this place an\\nact of devotion and self-sacrifice worthy of high praise, and the\\nmore commendable because they are Texans. In the action at\\nValverde many of their horses ware killed, thus leaving them", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0440.jp2"}, "441": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 401\\nhalf foot and half moimted. The proposition being made to them\\nto dismount, the whole regiment, without a dissenting voice (a\\ncavalry regiment, which had proudly flaunted its banner before\\nthe enemy on the 20th), took up the line of march on the 24th,\\na strong and reliable regiment of infantry.\\nHaving secured all the available stores in and about Albu-\\nquerque and dispatched Maj. Charles L. Pyron with his com-\\nmand to Santa Fe to secure such as might be found there, I de-\\ntermined to make a strong demonstration on Fort Union. With\\nthis view. Col. William E. Scurry, with the Fourth and the bat-\\ntalion of Colonel Steele s regiment, under Maj. Powhatan Jordan,\\nwas pushed forward in the direction of Gallisteo; while Colonel\\nGreen, with his regiment (Fifth), being somewhat crippled in\\ntransportation, was held for a few days in hand, to check aay\\nmovement from Fort Craig. Meanwhile, the enemy (having\\nreceived reinforcements at Fort Union of 950 men from Pike s.\\nPeak), took the initiative and commenced a rapid march on\\nSanta Fe.\\nThe battle of Glorieta occurred a few days later. The follow-\\ning is from General Sibley s report\\nThe battle of Glorieta was fought March 28th by detached\\ntroops, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Scurry and\\nFederal forces (principally Pike s Peakers), under the command\\nof Colonel Slough, the one having 1000 men, and the other esti-\\nmated at 1500 or 2000. Glorieta is a canyon twenty-three miles\\neast of Santa Fe.\\nPending the battle, the enemy detached a portion of his forces\\nto attack and destroy our supply train, which he succeeded in\\ndoing, thus crippling Colonel Scurry to such a degree that he\\nwas two days without provisions or blankets. The patient, un-\\ncomplaining endurance of our men is most remarkable and\\npraiseworthy.\\nOur loss was 33 killed and 35 wounded. Among the killed\\nare Majors Eaguet and Shropshire, and Captain Buckholtz. Col-\\nonel Scurry had his cheek twice grazed by minie balls, and j\\\\f ajor\\nPyron had his horse killed under him.\\nIn consequence of the loss of his train. Colonel Scurry has\\nfallen back upon Santa Fe.\\nI must have reinforcements. The future operations of this\\n2G", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0441.jp2"}, "442": {"fulltext": "402 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\narmy will be duly reported. Send me reinforcements.\\nPending this action I was on my route to Santa Fe, in rear of\\nGreen s regiment, which had meanwhile been put in march for\\nthat place, where, on my arrival, I found the whole exultant army\\nassembled. The sick and wounded had been comfortably quar-\\ntered and attended; the loss of clothing and transportation had\\nbeen made up from the enemy s stores and confiscations, and,\\nindeed, everything done Avhich should have been done.\\nMany friends were found in Santa Fe who had been in dur-\\nance. Among the rest. Gen. William Pelham, who had but re-\\ncently been released from a dungeon in Fort Union.\\nAfter the occupancy of the capital of the territory for nearly\\na month from the time of our first advance upon it, the forage\\nand supplies obtainable there having become exhausted, it was\\ndetermined to occupy, with the whole army, the village of Man-\\nzano, intermediate between Fort Union, Albuquerque, and Fort\\nCraig, and secure, as a line of communication, the road to Fort\\nStanton. This plan was disconcerted, however, by the rapid and\\ncontinuous expresses from Albuquerque, urging the necessity of\\nreinforcements to hold the place (the depot of all our supplies)\\nagainst the advancing forces of Canby from Fort Craig. The\\nentire force was accordingly moved by forced marches in the\\ndirection of Albuquerque, arriving too late to encounter the en-\\nemy, but time enough to secure our limited supplies from the\\ncontingency of capture.\\nIn our straightened circumstances the question now arose in\\nmy mind, whether to evacuate the country or take the desperate\\nchances of fighting the enemy in his stronghold (Fort Union),\\nfor scant rations at the best. The course adopted was deemed\\nthe wisest.\\nOn the morning of April 12th, no reinforcements being avail-\\nable, the evacuation of New IMexico began, the commands of\\nScurry, Steele, Pyron, and part of the artillery passing over, by\\nthe ferry and ford, to the west bank of the Eio Grande. Green s\\nregiment, finding the ford difficult, remained over night on the\\neast side of the river, expecting the next day to find a better\\ncrossing lower down. Meanwhile the army marched down as far\\nas Los Lunas, and there awaited the arrival of General Green.\\nThat officer appeared with his regiment in due time at Peralto,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0442.jp2"}, "443": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 403\\non the opposite side of the river from Siblej and the rest of the\\nbrigade. To make matters worse, General Canby, having re-\\nceived considerable reinforcements from Fort Union, made a\\nrapid night march to within striking distance of Green s camp.\\nThe next morning Canby began the fight with a heavy artillery\\nfire on Green. Sibley, divining the meaning of this, threw at\\nonce his whole disposable force across the river, the crossing being\\neffected under the skillful management of General Scurry. Gen-\\neral Sibley and staff crossed soon after, but were intercepted and\\ndriven back across the river by a party of Yankee cavalry. The\\nhostile armies confronted each other all that day, in easy gunshot\\ndistance. There was a series of menacing maneuvers, a little\\nineffectual firing, but no serious conflict. General Canby had\\ndeclared his intention of capturing the whole Texan army, if he\\ncould overtake it, affecting to believe that the Texans were a\\ndisorderly rabble in flight from the country.\\nSibley s troops were truly in a desperate condition, seven or\\neight hundred miles from their base of supplies, without rations\\nor munitions, and with double their number of well provided sol-\\ndiers in front of them. But the Texans were of heroic mould;\\nsome were soldiers of San Jacinto, some had participated in the\\nstorming of Monterey, while others had repulsed Santa Anna s\\nveterans at Buena Vista. The honor of Texas was never in safer\\nhands.\\nUnder the friendly cover of night the Texans, unobserved,\\nquietly recrossed the river to the camp still occupied by General\\nSibley with a small force. The next morning the united Texan\\narmy resumed their march down the river on the west side, while\\nthe exultant Yankees eagerly pursued on the opposite bank of\\nthe river. The proximity of the enemy in force now prevented\\nGeneral Sibley from attacking detached bodies of Federals along\\nthe course he was pursuing, as was his intention when two days\\nmarch ahead of the Yankees a general engagement, in the crip-\\npled condition of the Texans, was to be avoided if possible.\\nFinally, forage failing the Texans, their horses could no longer\\ndraw both wagon train and artillery, and one or the other had to\\nbe abandoned. On consultation with Colonels Green, Scurry,\\nand other officers. General Sibley decided to take the artillery\\nwith him and leave the wagons, and to change his line of retreat", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0443.jp2"}, "444": {"fulltext": "404 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nto a route through the mountains, avoiding Fort Craig and strik-\\ning the river below that point. Accordingly, after nightfall, all\\nthe surplus wagons were left on the ground, seven days rations\\npacked on mules, and the army silently moved off with McRae s\\nbattery of six guns (under the special care of Col. Wm. P. Harde-\\nman). This was the battery captured from the Yankees at Val-\\nverde, and the Texans made it a point of honor to save it. At\\nthe last moment it was found necessary to leave the other can-\\nnon, as there were no horses to haul them.\\nMaj. Bethel Coop wood, thoroughly familar with the country,\\nundertook to guide the army through the mountainous, trackless\\nwaste that was to be traversed.\\nThe route was a difficult, says General Sibley, and most\\nhazardous one, both in respect to its practicability and supply\\nof water. The successful accomplishment of the march not only\\nproved the sagacity of our guide, but the pledge of Colonel\\nScurry, that the guns should be put over every obstacle, however\\nformidable, by his regiment, was nobly fulfilled. Not a murmur\\nescaped the lips of our brave boys. Descents into and ascents out\\nof the deepest canyons, which a single horseman would have\\nsought for miles to avoid, were undertaken and accomplished\\nwith a cheerfulness and ability which were the admiration and\\npraise of the whole army. Thus, in ten days marching, with\\nseven days rations, a point on the river where supplies had been\\nordered forward was reached.\\nThe river, which was rising rapidly, was safely crossed to the\\neast bank under the direction of Colonel Green, and at this mo-\\nment, I am happy to repeat, the whole force is comfortably quar-\\ntered in the villages extending from Dona Ana to this place.\\n(Fort Bliss.)\\nThis retreat across the Jornada was an exploit almost without\\nparallel in military annals whether considered as difficult and\\nunexpected checkmate of the pursuing enemy at a moment when\\nhe was confident of compelling a surrender, or as a test of mar-\\ntial skill and soldierly fortitude and endurance. A lesson this\\nin military achievements which few but Texans could give, and\\nwhich all Americans can now appreciate.\\nMy chief regret in making this retrograde movement, con-\\ntinues General Sibley, was the necessity of leaving hospitals at", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0444.jp2"}, "445": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 405\\nSanta Fe, Albuquerque, and Socorro. Everything, however, was\\nprovided for the comfort of the sick, and sufficient funds in Con-\\nfederate paper provided them to meet every want, if it be ne-\\ngotiated. It has been almost impossible to procure specie upon\\nany terms. One thousand dollars is all I have been able to pro-\\ncure for the use of hospitals and for secret service. The ricos,\\nor wealthy citizens of New Mexico, had been completely drained\\nby the Federal powers, and, adhering to them, had become abso-\\nlute followers of their army for dear life and their invested dol-\\nlars. Politically they have no distinct sentiment or opinion on\\nthe vital question at issue. Power and interest alone control the\\nexpression of their sympathies. Two noble and notable exceptions\\nto this rule were found in the brothers Rafael and Manuel Ar-\\nmijo, the wealthiest and most respectable native merchants of\\nNew Mexico. The latter had been pressed into the militia, and\\nwas compulsorily present in the action at Valverde. On our ar-\\nrival at Albuquerque, they came forward boldly and protested\\ntheir sympathy with our cause, placing their stores, containing\\ngoods amounting to $200,000, at the disposal of my troops.\\nWhen the necessity for evacuating the country became inevit-\\nable, these two gentlemen abandoned luxurious homes and well-\\nfilled storehouses to join their fate to the Southern Confederacy.\\nI trust they will not be forgotten in the final settlement.\\nCapt. Thos. P. Ochiltree,* aide-de-camp to General Sibley,\\narrived at Austin in May with dispatches from that general ask-\\ning for aid. In compliance, I wrote at once to the department\\ncommander. General Hebert, as follows I see no way by which\\nI can, within any reasonable time, do anything for the command.\\nThere are many men in the State enlisted, but they are all in the\\nConfederate service and beyond my control.\\nShould you feel authorized to extend to him any relief, I will\\ncheerfully co-operate with you.\\nI feel a very strong interest in the command. They are Tex-\\nans, brave and gallant soldiers. They are in that country by or-\\nder of the government and should be sustained.\\nThe pressure of the enemy at other points drained Texas of\\ntroops, and Hebert did not feel able to send the needed reinforce-\\nCaptain Ochiltree was also the bearer of dispatches to Richmond,\\nand continued his journey from Austin.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0445.jp2"}, "446": {"fulltext": "406 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nments; and New Mexico, won by such heroic valor by Texans,\\nwas lost to the Confederacy.\\nAs for the results of the campaign, says General Sibley, I\\nhave only to say that we have beaten the enemy in every encoun-\\nter and against large odds; that, from being the worst armed,\\nmy forces are now the best armed in the country. We reached\\nthis jDoint last winter in rags and blanketless. The army is now\\nwell clad and well supplied in other respects. The entire cam-\\npaign has been prosecuted without a dollar in the quartermaster s\\ndepartment, Captain Harrison not having yet reached this place.\\nBut, sir, I can not speak encouragingly for the future, my troops\\nhaving manifested a dogged, irreconcilable detestation of the\\ncountry and the people. They have endured much, suffered\\nmuch and cheerfully; but the prevailing discontent, backed up\\nby the distinguished valor displayed on every field, entitles them\\nto marked consideration and indulgence.\\nThese considerations, in connection with the scant supply of\\nprovisions and the disposition of our own citizens in this section\\nto depreciate our currency, may determine me, without waiting\\nfor instructions, to move by slow marches down the country, both\\nfor the purpose of remounting and recruiting our thinned\\nranks.\\nAbout the last of May, General Sibley, much discouraged at\\nthe lack of money and subsistence for his army, resumed his re-\\ntreat down the river into Texas, marching by way of El Paso to\\nSan Antonio. Unofficial information of the intention of the\\ngovernment to reinforce him had been received, but it came too\\nlate to be of any service, as the safety of the army, menaced by a\\nsuperior force of the enemy and by starvation, required a falling\\nback to his base of supplies. Up to this time General Sibley had\\nnever, in answer to his dispatches, received a single line of ac-\\nknowledgment or encouragement, having been left to act entirely\\nupon his own judgment.\\nIt seems, however, from official documents published, that\\nGeneral Lee had ordered two regiments and supplies from Texas\\nto Sibley. President Davis refers to this in his letter of congrat-\\nulation to Sibley (forwarded by Captain Ochiltree from Eich-\\nmond\\nAfter a few weeks furlough, the soldiers of this heroic brigade", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0446.jp2"}, "447": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 407\\nwere ordered to rendezvous at Camp Groce, near Hempstead.\\nThis they did early in Novemher.\\nIt will be remembered that while the army was at Fort Tlmrn,\\nNew Mexico, Col. Jas. Reiley was sent by General Sibley upon\\na delicate mission to Chihuahua. Colonel Eeiley was an accom-\\nplished officer, not without experience in diplomacy, and was\\npeculiarly fitted for the duty assigned him.\\nThe object of the mission was to learn the facts as to the al-\\nleged permission given by the supreme government for the pass-\\nage of United States troops through Mexican territory into\\nTexas; to get leave to purchase supplies in Chihuahua for the\\nConfederate States army, and to procure an agreement under\\nwhich the troops of either nation, when in hot pursuit of hostile\\nIndians, might cross the international boundary.\\nThe Confederate envoy was escorted by Don Carlos Moyo into\\nthe presence of Don Luis Terrazas, Governor of the State of\\nChihuahua, with the usual Mexican ceremony.\\nAfter a brief speech, interpreted by Don Carlos Moyo, and\\nas brief a one from the Governor, also translated to me, says\\nColonel Eeiley in his report to General Sibley, I presented to\\nthe Governor your letter of credence. I was then formally intro-\\nduced to the Secretary of State and other high officials.\\nMy reception by the Governor, and all others present, was\\nmost gracious and cordial. I beg leave here to state that I had\\nmyself announced to the Governor as colonel in the Confederate\\nColonel Reiley came from Ohio to Texas about 1836 or 1837. He\\nfirst settled in Nacogdoches, and later removed to Houston with his\\namiable and accomplished wife, who was a niece of Henry Clay. Reiley\\nhad been a Whig in the North, but he soon became a staunch Demo-\\ncrat. He was a fine lawyer and orator, and ranked equal with Ashbel\\nSmith and J. Pinckney Henderson as a diplomatist. Growing quickly\\ninto popular favor, he had the honor of representing Harris County in\\nthe Congress of 1840. Subsequently he served as Minister of the Re-\\npublic of Texas at Washington City with great credit. In Buchanan s\\nadministration he was Minister of the United States at St. Petersburg,\\nand represented his country so well as to gain the public approval not\\nonly of the administration then in power, but of his fellow citizens with-\\nout distinction of party. In the civil war no man was more loyal to\\nTexas and to the Southern cause than he, and when ordered by Sibley\\nhe cheerfully left the command of a regiment in the field to undertake\\na mission for which there seemed to be no one so Avell qualified as him-\\nself.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0447.jp2"}, "448": {"fulltext": "408 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nStates army, and was dressed as such, being in the uniform of a\\ncavalr} officer, Confederate States army, and wearing my sword.\\nHis excellency remarked that, as the communication was in\\nEnglish, a language he neither spoke nor read, he must request\\nto have it translated, so that he might be able to give it due and\\nintelligent consideration. I then informed him, if he pleased. I\\nwould call at noon the next day.\\nAt the request of the Governor 1 resumed my seat, when many\\ninquiries were made about the war between the South and ^orth,\\nabout yourself, and the number and character of your troops to\\nall of which I trust I gave satisfactory answers.\\nUpon taking leave of the Governor, I was escorted back to the\\nhotel by Don Carlos Moyo. He remained with me some time,\\nand I found him quite a friend of the South. To him I am in-\\ndebted for much civility and many kindnesses.\\nThe next day at the appointed time Don Carlos again called\\nfor me, and, arriving at the palace, we found ourselves not alone\\nwith the Governor, but also with the Secretary of State and one\\nof the judges of the Supreme Court. In a short time we were\\njoined by Don Joaquin Durand, whose acquaintance I had pre-\\nviously made, and, although a Mexican, yet writing and speak-\\ning the English language with great fluency, having been edu-\\ncated in England. He came there at my request, and I was glad\\nto avail myself of his intelligence. We almost immediately took\\nup your communication, and you have, general, in the letter No.\\n5, and of date 11th instant, the result of that interview.\\nIn addition to the concessions there made by the Governor, he\\ninformed me that if even the assent of the President had come\\nto him, sanctioned by act of Congress, he did not think he would\\npermit Federal troops to pass through the territory of Chihuahua\\nto invade Texas.\\nIn regard to the second point, he said that he would not give\\nhis official sanction to the occupancy of the territory of his State\\nby foreign troops, but hoped the Apaches on the frontier would\\nbe kept quiet. This was after I referred him to the law of nations\\nin regard to the right of hot pursuit, instanced the invasion of\\nShreveport, La., in November, 1838, by Texas troops when in\\nhot pursuit of the Caddoes, and stated to him that such inva-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0448.jp2"}, "449": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 409\\nsion was not deemed or treated as a wrongful one by the govern-\\nment of the United States.\\nAs to the right to purchase supplies in Chihuahua, embraced\\nin the third point, the Governor assured me no steps would be\\ntaken to prevent it, and, although the presence of your command\\nwould increase the price which the people of Chihuahua would\\nhave to pay, yet that, independent of this, we should not be ex-\\ncluded.\\nI spent an evening, by invitation, with the Governor at his\\nprivate residence, where I met many persons, and dined with him\\nat his brother-in-law s (Moyo s) next day.\\nThe Governor appeared anxious to have the best relations\\nestablished and continued between his State and the Confederate\\nStates, and I took leave of him, satisfied in my own mind that he\\nwould not break, or cause to be broken, the relations that now\\nexist.\\nI have the pleasure to report that the custom-house dues I was\\nby you instructed to have remitted were ordered by the Governor\\nto be remitted, and the Governor paid me the compliment to put\\nin my hand the order to the collector of El Paso to have the du-\\nties remitted and the bondsmen released. He stated that at all\\ntimes, whenever necessary, he would be pleased to afford protec-\\ntion to the persons and property of the citizens of the Southern\\nConfederacy.\\nPermit me here again to congratulate you on having been in-\\nstrumental in obtaining the first official recognition by a foreign\\ngovernment of the Confederate States of America. All the credit\\ndue such an achievement I trust will be awarded you.\\nColonel Reiley s report was not made until the close of the New\\nMexico campaign, nor did he complete his negotiations at Chi-\\nhuahua in time to participate in the battles fought on New Mex-\\nican soil. He, however, added considerably to his laurels as a\\ncapable envoy, and later found abundant opportunity for hard\\nand creditable service in the field.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0449.jp2"}, "450": {"fulltext": "410 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTEE TWENTY-THEEE.\\nBombardment of Corpus Christi General Bee s Report Ineffectual\\nShelling at Port Lavaca Evacuation of Galveston and Its Occupa-\\ntion by the Yankees Letter from Me to General Hebert on the Situ-\\nation Captain Henry S. Lubbock and the Bayou City Colonel\\nBurrill, General Banks, and Military Governor A. J. Hamilton Our\\nNew Commander and His Plans Correspondence Preparations for\\nRecapture of Galveston.\\nAt 9 a. m., August 16th, Captain Kittredge, commander of the\\nFederal fleet before Corpus Christi, approached the wharf in a\\nlaunch under a flag of truce.\\nHe stated that he had come, as ordered by the United States\\ngovernment, to examine the public buildings in the city. Every\\nproposition to land, under whatever pretext, was peremptorily\\nrejected. He then demanded that the women and children should\\nbe removed beyond the limits of the town within twenty-four\\nhours, as he intended to land a force and execute his orders.\\nForty-eight hours were finally allowed for the removal of the\\nfamilies from town, which time was found amply sufficient for\\nthe purpose. The Corypheus, Eeindeer, Bella Italia, and a steam\\ngunboat from the enemy s fleet had taken positions on the pre-\\nvious day. The Confederates had a battery, near the water s\\nedge, of two guns (a twelve and eighteen-pounder) which was\\nsupported by Captain (afterwards Governor) Ireland s company\\nand Hobby s battalion.\\nAt daylight on the 16th, says Maj. A. M. Hobby, in his re-\\nport, we opened fire on the enemy. Six shots were fired on the\\nfleet before they replied. The enemy shelled the battery and the\\ntown furiously, doing, however, but little damage. At 9 o clock\\nwe drove him from his position. Beyond the reach of our guns\\nhe repaired damages and mended sails rent by our shot. At 3\\no clock he returned, and when within reach of our battery, it\\nopened fire, striking both yacht and steamer, and compelled them\\nto withdraw beyond the reach of our guns. They contented them-\\nselves with shelling the battery during the remainder of the day.\\nMr. William Mann, a volunteer commander of the battery,\\ngreatly distinguished himself by his skill and bravery.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0450.jp2"}, "451": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 411\\nBy guns of inferior caliber and a smaller force than their\\nown, they were driven from their position. Five shots were seen\\nto do execution. The enemy fired 296 times.\\nOnly one Confederate, a private in Captain Ireland s company,\\nwas wounded.\\nOn the morning of the 18th (Monday), continues the re-\\nport, the enemy again opened on our battery, bringing his whole\\nforce to bear on it. Failing to silence our guns, a portion of his\\nfleet withdrew and landed a twelve-pounder rifled gun, supported\\nby thirty or forty well armed men, who approached our battery\\nby way of the beach, under cover of a continuous fire from their\\ngunboats. They attempted to enfilade our battery, their balls\\npassing just above our entrenchments. I immediately ordered\\ntwenty-five men to charge the gun, which they did in gallant\\nstyle. After leaving the cover of our breastworks they entered\\nan open plain and rapidly neared the gun, whereupon the gun-\\nboats of the enemy opened a heavy fire upon them. They, un-\\ndaunted, pressed onward, and when within range of small arms\\nI ordered them to fire, which they did, still advancing, the enemy\\nin the meantime retreating in double-quick, carrying with them\\ntheir gun. They left in their retreat their ammunition box,\\nhatchet, and rat-tail files (intended, I presume, to spike our\\nguns) a hat and rifle cartridges were scattered along the road.\\nWe chased them to their gunboats, to which they retreated with-\\nout delay. Whenever a ball from a battery would strike the boats\\nof the enemy, our men would rise and cheer, regardless of the\\nfire to which they were exposed. The enemy withdrew, and tak-\\ning position in front of the city, avenged themselves upon a few\\nunoffending houses. A few shots from our guns drove them off,\\nand on the following morning they stood away for Aransas Pass.\\nThe Confederate loss that day was one man, killed in the charge.\\nIn September a second attempt was made to capture the place.\\nCaptain Kittredge, commanding the United States fleet in Aran-\\nsas Bay, visited Corpus Christi under a flag of truce, and asked\\nleave to take aboard the family of E. J. Davis. Maj. E. F. Gray,\\ncommandant of the port, referred the matter to General Bee, and\\ninformed Lieutenant Kittredge that an answer could not be ex-\\npected under ten days.\\nThe Federal commander then withdrew and proceeded with his", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0451.jp2"}, "452": {"fulltext": "413 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nships down the coast towards the salt works on the Lagnna del\\nMadre. Captains Ireland and Ware, with their respective com-\\npanies and one piece of artillery, were dispatched in the same\\ndirection to watch the movements of the enemy. That night\\nCaptain Ireland prepared an ambuscade in a vacant house near\\nthe shore, off which the fleet had anchored.\\nEarly in the ensuing morning the Federals shelled the houses\\nand surrounding points for some time; then, the ground being\\napparently unoccupied. Lieutenant Kittredge, accompanied by\\nsome of his sailors and marines, landed and approached the house.\\nOur men being concealed, the adventurous lieutenant fell into\\nthe trap set for him, and he and his whole party were taken pris-\\noners. As soon as the capture was discovered by the enemy, their\\ngunboats opened a rapid fire of shell and grape on the command,\\nwhich passed over our men and prisoners, but without damage\\nto either.\\nLieutenant Kittredge was immediately escorted by Major\\nHobby to headquarters at San Antonio, where he was paroled.\\nThe capture of the bold and energetic leader of the enemy was\\nspecially gratifying to General Bee, who so expressed himself, and\\nfurther stated The course of Lieutenant Kittredge while for\\nmany months in command on our coast has been that of an hon-\\norable enemy, and as such he is entitled to the consideration due\\nto his situation by the terms of civilized warfare a declaration\\ncreditable alike to Federal and Confederate.\\nAs to the citizens. General Bee has this to say: Too much\\npraise can not be given to the patriotic citizens of Corpus Christi.\\nThey removed out into the woods with their families, out of fire,\\nand in tents and under trees calmly and confidently awaited the\\nresult. They have suffered many inconveniences and privations,\\nespecially for the want of water, as the drought of this section\\nhas been unprecedented. Yet they have set a laudable example\\nto their countrymen, and added another to the many instances\\nof patriotism which this war has excited. It is worthy of remark\\nthat the citizens of surrounding counties, for a distance of one\\nhundred miles, attracted by the fire of the cannon, with their\\nrifles in hand repaired to the scene and tendered their services\\nto the commanding officer, demonstrating that when the emer-\\ngency arises their country can depend on them.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0452.jp2"}, "453": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 413\\nThe earthwork used by the Confederate battery was thrown\\nup by General Taylor in 1845, and was composed of shell and\\nsand, which, being solid and impenetrable to thirty-two-pound\\nshot, proved an admirable defense.\\nMaj. F. Blucher, the distinguished engineer who prepared the\\ndefenses at Corpus Christi, was a nephew of Marshal Blucher of\\nWaterloo fame. William Mann, acting captain of artillery in\\nthe fight, had seen service at Island No. 10 on the Mississippi.\\nLieut. George E. Conklin, Confederate States army, post ad-\\njutant at Lavaca, under date of November 1st, reported an en-\\ngagement at that point between the Confederate batteries and\\npart of the enemy s fleet\\nOn the morning of October 31st, said he, two Federal\\nsteamers appeared in sight, evidently steering for this place.\\nAbout 11a. m. they arrived within a short distance, when they\\ncast anchor. At 1 p. m. they sent a boat with a flag of truce\\non shore, which was met by Major Shea, accompanied by four\\ncitizens of the town. A short interview succeeded, during which\\na demand was made for the surrender of the town. They were\\nassured by the commanding officer that he was there to defend it,\\nand should do so to the best of his ability, with all the means\\nhe had at hand. A demand was then made for time to remove\\nthe women, children, and sick persons from town.\\nThe officer in charge of the flag replied that one hour was the\\ntime he was authorized to grant but, in consideration of the fact\\nthat an epidemic (yellow fever) was still raging in the town he\\nwould extend the time to one hour and a half at the expiration\\nof which period they moved up abreast the town and opened fire\\nfrom both steamers upon both the town and batteries. At this\\ntime there were many women and children still in the place,\\nthey having been unable, for want of time, to leave. Our bat-\\nteries promptly returned the fire. Capt. John A. Vernon com-\\nmanded one of the batteries, assisted by Lieut. T. 0. Woodward\\nand Capt. I. M. Eeuss, assisted by Lieuts. 0. L. Schnaubel and\\nG. French the other, and nobly did both officers and men per-\\nform their duty, working their guns as coolly as though on in-\\nspection, while a perfect storm of shot and shell rained around\\nthem and this, in view of the fact that yellow fever had deci-\\nmated their ranks, and that many of the men who manned the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0453.jp2"}, "454": {"fulltext": "414 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nbatteries had but partially recovered from the fever, entitles them\\nto the highest praise. The steamers were struck several times,\\nand one of them partially disabled. Whereupon they immedi-\\nately steamed off out of range of our batteries. When they cast\\nanchor again they opened up a steady fire upon the town and\\nbatteries, which was continued until night shut in.\\nOn the next morning, November 1st, they again opened fire\\nupon the town and batteries; but, owing to their being entirely\\nout of range of our guns, we did not reply to them. At about 11\\na. m. they ceased their fire and steamed down the bay in the di-\\nrection of Indianola, having in tow the schooner Lecompte, which\\nthey had captured in the bay a few days before. One of the\\nsteamers went outside the bar and steamed in the direction of\\nGalveston, probably for a mortar boat or some other additional\\nforce to assist them.\\nI am glad to report that no lives were lost on our side, but\\nthe enemy succeeded in doing considerable damage to the town,\\ntearing up the streets and riddling the houses and otherwise dam-\\naging the place. The enemy fired in all 258 shot and shell, 174\\nthe first day and 78 the second, nearly all of them from thirty-\\ntwo and sixty-four-pounder rifled guns.\\nCapt. H. Wilke, acting ordnance officer, rendered very effi-\\ncient service in keeping the batteries supplied with ammunition,\\nand freely exposed himself in the discharge of his duties.\\nThe citizens of this town acted nobl}^, particularly Mr. Dunn\\nand Mr. Charles Oglesbury, who remained in the town and ma-\\nterially assisted the commanding officer, suffering their prop-\\nerty to be destroyed without a murmur, and only regretting they\\ncould do no more to serve their country.\\nThe ladies of the place, among whom were Mrs. Chesley and\\nMrs. Dunn and the two beautiful and accomplished daughters\\nof the former, bore a conspicuous part, acted the part of true\\nSouthern heroines, supplying our tired soldiers with coffee,\\nbread and meat, even during the thickest of the fight.\\nSuch defenses as that described by Lieutenant Conklin fitly\\nillustrate the character of the people of the Old South their\\nsensibility to the influence of noble sentiments, the implicit and\\nunfaltering obedience they yielded to the calls of duty, and the\\nquality of their courage, a courage that was magnanimous and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0454.jp2"}, "455": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 415\\nbrilliant in the hour of victory, but that (were it possible) shone\\nwith added luster when tested under circumstances of sickness,\\ntrial, and privation, in the presence of a superior force, and with\\nthe apparent impending certainty of defeat.\\nIn the latter part of September, 1863, the enemy began to\\nmake demonstrations eastward along the coast, to cover their de-\\nsigns upon Galveston. According to Colonel Spaight s report,\\ntwo armed sail vessels and one steam propeller came to anchor\\nSeptember 33d just outside the bar off Sabine Pass. Early the\\nnext morning the two sail vessels, having crossed the bar, took\\nposition and opened fire on the Confederate works, to which our\\ngunners promptly replied; but the shots from both sides fell\\nshort. The enemy then approached nearer and a brisk fire was\\nopened from both sides and continued till dark. To the chagrin\\nof the officers and men, our shot still fell short, while the enemy\\nwas enabled with his long range guns to throw shot and shell\\naround and into our works. Our men, however, stood to their\\nguns, occasionally mounting the works, shouting and waving\\ntheir hats in defiance.\\nWhen night came on. Major Irvine, thinking that it would be\\na fruitless exposure of the men and public property to attempt\\nto hold the works another day, began at once to move the ord-\\nnance stores and other property, and spiked the guns consist-\\ning of two thirty-two and two eighteen-pounders.\\nAll the government property was saved; but two men, sick\\nwith yellow fever, were left in the hospital in the care of com-\\npetent nurses. In a few days from that time the enemy sent a\\nparty ashore. On the 37th they ascended Taylor s Bayou in three\\nlaunches, fired the railroad bridge over that stream, and car-\\nried off three citizens, including the mail boy there. The fire\\non the bridge was soon extinguished and the bridge saved. Next\\nday the depot, near the bridge on the East Texas Eailroad, was\\nburned by the enemy and our communications eastward seriously\\nimpaired. At this time yellow fever and measles were raging\\namong our troops on the coast.\\nSaturday, the 4th of October, the blockading squadron off\\nGalveston consisted of eight vessels, of which four were armed\\nsteamers. Early in the morning the Harriet Lane (one of the\\nsteamers) crossed the bar, flying a white flag, and anchored op-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0455.jp2"}, "456": {"fulltext": "416 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nposite Fort Point, having been brought-to by a shot. An officer\\nfrom the Harriet Lane having asked for an interview with the\\npost commandant, Colonel Cook, attended by Captain McKene\\nand Hon. M. M. Potter, went out to meet him, and were informed\\nthat the commander of the Federal squadron desired a messenger\\nfrom the city sent out to him to receive his communication. A\\nmessenger was accordingly dispatched on this mission, under\\nprotection of a flag of truce, his boat putting out from shore\\nwithout delay. Meanwhile the Harriet Lane recrossed the bar\\nand communicated with the fleet then all the steamers, together\\nwith the mortar boat, came in over the bar and deployed in line\\nwhere the Harriet Lane had first anchored. A shot was now\\nfired from our battery across the course of the advancing vessels\\n(our flag of truce boat being close by in the bay, in plain view).\\nThe enemy responded from all their ships, firing with about\\ntwenty guns upon our battery, which consisted of a single gun\\nand was soon disabled. Thereupon the gun was spiked, and our\\nmen fell back towards the city. The fleet passed entirely around\\nthe point into the harbor, and continued their shelling till our\\nmen retired beyond range. The two twenty-four-pounders con-\\nstituting the Confederate battery on the bay side, near the east\\nend of the city, next opened fire, but without effect upon the ad-\\nvancing ships. Our flag of truce boat now coming up, the firing\\nceased and the messenger was taken aboard the Federal flag-\\nship, and the fleet came to anchor.\\nColonel Cook had, under orders, previously made his arrange-\\nments for evacuating the city, and, as he had now no means of\\ndefense, he ordered the two guns of the south side shore battery\\nto be spiked, and all the material there and at other points to be\\ntaken at once to the railroad depot for shipment.\\nI had never ceased to have apprehensions for the safety of Gal-\\nveston, and in anticipation of the worst I had ordered the re-\\nmoval of the machinery at the rope-walk and elsewhere to a point\\nof security. This order was set aside by the military. jSTcws\\nhaving reached me at Austin, October 8th, of an expected at-\\ntack on Galveston, I wrote to General Hebert, then at San An-\\ntonio, expressing regret at his sickness, and the hope that he\\nwould be able to meet me at Galveston, where the enemy were\\nto be found. I set out at once for the coast. At Houston I", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0456.jp2"}, "457": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 417\\nlearned of the evacuation of the island, and remained in that\\ncity till November 1st, advising with the military authorities as\\nto the projjer measures of defense. In accordance with General\\nHebert s previous orders on the subject, Col. X. B. DeBray, com-\\nmanding the sub-district, instructed Colonel Cook, October 5th,\\nas follows The enemy having possession of Galveston Bay,\\nwith an overwhelming force of artillery, you will avoid making,\\nwithin the city, a resistance which would bring about the de-\\nstruction of the property of our citizens without resulting in any\\ngood to the country. You will move from the city to Virginia\\nPoint such material as you can save, and the troops you do not\\nactually need to maintain good order in the city, so long as you\\nare in possession of it. You will give aid and assistance to the\\nprovost marshal in removing from the island such machinery as\\ncan be removed. You will cause the printing presses to be put\\nout of working order, with as little destruction of property as\\npossible. You will cause the residents, citizens and aliens, to\\nunderstand that, should the enemy hoist his flag over the city of\\nGalveston, they will at once be cut off from intercourse with the\\ncontinent by ns, and that, in the event of falling into the hands\\nof the enemy, they have but two alternatives left, viz., abject sub-\\nmission, or persecution and insult. You will inform them that\\nshould they be too poor to provide for their transportation, the\\nConfederate States government will transport them to Houston\\nfree of cost. You will, when an attack by the enemy is immi-\\nnent, withdraw to Virginia Point, leaving two companies to\\ngarrison Eagle Grove, and endeavor to withdraw without loss\\nof men.\\nAt about 3 :30 p. m., says Colonel Cook, our flag of truce\\nmessenger returned to the city, bearing a demand from the\\nenemy for the surrender of the city, and demanding an imme-\\ndiate answer. I sent a messenger, with the answer that I should\\nnot surrender the city, directing the messenger also to say to the\\ncommander of the fleet that there were many women and chil-\\ndren, and to demand time to remove them. After some negotia-\\ntion it was agreed that there should be no attack made upon the\\ncity for four days; that during that time we should not construct\\nany new or strengthen any old defenses within the city, and that\\nthe fleet was not to be brought any nearer. This arrangement\\n27", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0457.jp2"}, "458": {"fulltext": "418 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ngave us ample time for the removal of all who desired to leave\\nthe island, and also for the removal of our troops and material\\nof every kind.\\nMeanwhile all four of the guns from both batteries were re-\\nmoved to Virginia Point, and the people fully notified of the\\nsituation.\\nAll machinery of any value was removed. The civil authori-\\nties removed all the county records of every kind, and by noon\\nof the 8th we had removed all the government property of any\\nvalue, except the ten-inch gun at Fort Point, and a large major-\\nity of the population of the city had left their houses and the\\nisland.\\nThe troops were concentrated at Virginia Point, leaving a\\nsufficient number to hold the battery at the south end of the rail-\\nroad bridge.\\nThe evacuation was accomplished according to the elaborate\\ninstructions given by Colonel DeBray while he was on the island.\\nColonel DeBray remained with Colonel Cook for three days after\\nthe occupation of Galveston by the enemy, conferring with him\\nand endeavoring to formulate measures for resisting a further\\nadvance of the enemy. On his departure for the city of Hous-\\nton, Colonel DeBray ordered the commandant to wire him twice\\na day of the state of affairs in that vicinity. Colonel DeBray was\\none of the hardest fighters in the Texan army, and he was deeply\\nmortified at having, under superior orders, to yield the Island\\nCity to the enemy without a desperate struggle.\\nWednesday evening, October 8th, a meeting of citizens was\\nheld in the city hall for the purpose of taking into consideration\\nthe state of affairs in the city in consequence of its evacuation\\nby the military and the departure of the mayor and a majority of\\nthe aldermen. The meeting appointed Mr. James W. Moore, the\\noldest magistrate in the county, mayor pro tern., and clothed him\\nwith full powers for the enforcement of municipal laws and po-\\nlice regulations during the existing emergency. Four steamers\\nof the enemy s fleet weighed anchor at 9 a. m. Thursday and\\nsteamed slowly and cautiously up to the city, and at 10 a. m. took\\nposition at the foot of the principal streets, the Harriet Lane\\ntaking an anchorage that enabled her to command the street lead-\\ning to the custom-house.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0458.jp2"}, "459": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 419\\nAbout 1 p. m. the commander s flagship fired three shots to-\\nwards the west of the island, whereupon the mayor pro tern., ac-\\ncompanied by Messrs. T. M. League and Captain Hairland, went\\nto the end of St. Cyr s wharf and signaled the fleet. They were\\nimmediately answered, and shortly a boat was sent to the wharf\\nand took the party to the commander s ship. The mayor re-\\nquested Commander Eenshaw to communicate to him his inten-\\ntions in regard to the city, informing him, at the same time, of\\nits abandonment by the Confederate military authorities, of the\\nabsence of the mayor and city council, and of his appointment\\nas mayor pro tern, by a meeting of citizens.\\nCommander Eenshaw replied that he had come for the pur-\\npose of taking possession of the city; that it was at his mercy,\\nunder his guns that he would not interfere in municipal affairs\\nthat the citizens might conduct their business as theretofore, and\\nthat he did not intend to immediately occupy the city and would\\nprobably wait until the arrival of a Federal military commander.\\nHe said, however, that the United States flag would at once be\\nraised on public buildings, and he would expect the municipal\\nauthorities to see that it was respected. The mayor answered that\\nhe could not guarantee protection of the flag; that he would do\\neverything in his power, but that persons over whom he had no\\ncontrol might take down the flag and create a difficulty.\\nFinally the considerate commodore waived this requirement,\\nstating that when he sent the flag ashore he would send a suffi-\\ncient force to protect it, and that he would not keep the flag fly-\\ning for more than a quarter of an hour, a sufficient time to show\\nabsolute possession. Commodore Eenshaw said that he would\\ninsist upon the right of any of his men, in charge of an officer,\\nto come on shore and walk in the streets of the city, but that he\\nwould not permit men to come on shore immediately, or in the\\nnight. He further stated that, should his men insult citizens, he\\ngave the mayor the right to arrest and report them to him, and\\nthat he would punish them more rigidly than the civil authori-\\nties could or would. On the other hand, he declared that, should\\nany of his men be insulted or shot at in the streets of Galveston,\\nor any of his ships or boats be shot at from the land or wharves,\\nhe would hold the city responsible and open fire on it instantly;\\nthat his guns would be kept shotted and double-shotted for that", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0459.jp2"}, "460": {"fulltext": "i20 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\npurpose. In conclusion, he announced that it was the deter-\\nmination of his government to hold Galveston at all hazards\\nuntil the end of the war, and that we could not take the port\\nfrom him without a navy.\\nAs to citizens communicating with the mainland, Eenshaw\\nwas at first reticent, but finally said that no communication what-\\never should be held by water, but that the trains might run up to\\nthe island side of the bridge, and freight be hauled in wagons\\nfrom that point to the city.\\nSoon after the mayor s return, about 150 marines and sailors,\\nincluding half a dozen negroes, landed at Kuhn s wharf and\\nmarched to the custom-house, and there raised the United States\\nflag. At the expiration of about half an hour the same party took\\ndown the flag and returned with it to the fleet.\\nIn a letter to General Hebert^ dated October 15, 1862, I said\\nI am happy to say that I believe Colonel DeBray is doing\\neverything he can to guard against the further encroachments\\nof the enemy, and as far as I have been informed of his move-\\nments they meet my aj)proval.\\nThe colonel has taken steps to protect the approaches to\\nHouston and the mainland generally bordering on Galveston\\nBay.\\nIn order to guard with any success those approaches and to\\nprevent the escape of slaves and the disloyal, a steam vessel, to\\ncruise in the bay as low down as Ked Fish bar, is absolutely\\nessential.\\nThese emergencies have arisen since I had the pleasure of\\nseeing you at San Antonio. Colonel DeBray has written you, I\\npresume, in regard to the purchase or charter of the boat belong-\\ning to the State she is the only vessel calculated for the services\\nneeded that can be had. Let me urge you either to take the ves-\\nsel at cost, or that you authorize Colonel DeBray to charter her\\nuntil her services are no longer required.\\nThe State is not in condition to keep her in commission, and\\nas she is really required by and is now in the service of the Con-\\nfederate government, I trust you will find it proper to so con-\\ntinue her.\\nThe cutter Dodge is lying perfectly useless in the San Jacinto\\nEiver, in a dismantled condition. She draws too much water to", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0460.jp2"}, "461": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 421\\nbe of any use in the upper bay, and I trust you will order her\\narmament, munitions, etc., to be placed in the service, where they\\ncan be of some use.\\nI am told there is a very good crew under pay on board of\\nher. In God s name, what does a vessel not intended to be used\\nneed with a crew\\nI wish you would come down, or send General Bee to this\\npoint. We may have stirring times here, and although, as I said\\nat the outset, Colonel DeBray is an efficient and energetic officer,\\nthe people would feel, perhaps, better satisfied if importance\\nenough was attached to the movements of the enemy to call a\\ngeneral to the scene of operations.\\nNext day (October 16th) I wrote to Commander W. W. Hun-\\nter, of the Confederate navy\\nI have ordered Capt. H. S. Lubbock to repair with his vessel,\\nthe Bayou City, to Red Fish bar, to watch the movements of the\\nenemy, and to render aid in completing obstructions authorized\\nto be made by Col. X. B. DeBray, commanding sub-district of\\nHouston. This vessel is very poorly provided, and I find it im-\\npossible to procure the munitions, boats, etc., needed by Captain\\nLubbock. Let me beg of you, my dear sir, to furnish him with\\nwhat you can spare that will be of benefit to the service. He is\\nfully empowered to receipt to you for what he receives, and I\\nwill agree to return them to you when required.\\nIt is impossible to know what the intentions of the enemy\\nmay be, and it is all important that there should be a proper\\nlookout kept up.\\nUnless the vessel is provided with some means of defense,\\nshe can be of but little service.\\nOn November 12th Capt. Henry S. L^^bbock advised (by let-\\nter) the Military Board of the sale of the State steamer Bayou\\nCity to the Confederate States government for $50,000.\\nColonel DeBray promptly reported to General Hebert what he\\nwas doing to keep the enemy confined to the city of Galveston,\\ntc protect the coast at other points, to perfect a mule express to\\nSan Antonio, and to obstruct the rivers and bayous to prevent\\nthe enemy from penetrating the country. My brother, Capt. Wm.\\nM. Lubbock, was one of the officers to assist in that important\\nservice.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0461.jp2"}, "462": {"fulltext": "422 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nIn a postscript to a letter to General Hebert, Colonel DeBray\\nsays, under date of October 15th\\nHis Excellency Governor Lubbock is here. I enclose to you\\nhis proclamation ratifying my order cutting off intercourse with\\nGalveston.\\nSome interested parties severely commented upon this action,\\nbut it was the only course to pursue.\\nCol. Isaac S. Burrill, of the Forty-second Massachusetts vol-\\nunteers, reporting to General Banks, says Upon arriving at\\nthis place (Galveston) on the 2-ith of December, 1862,\\nI landed the three companies of my command, which were with\\nme upon the transport Saxon, on the end of Kuhn s wharf, and\\nquartered them in the warehouse there. I have taken possession\\nof the city as boldly as I could with the small force at my com-\\nmand, and have thoroughly reconnoitered the island up to within\\nrange of their battery at Eagle Grove, which is apparently well\\nbuilt, mounting three guns. They have also one gun at the draw,\\nwhich is about midway of the bridge. Upon Virginia Point they\\nhave a strong battery, mounted with heavy guns. From the best\\ninformation obtainable, I judge their force in this immediate\\nvicinity to be about 3000 strong.\\nDuring the day we control the city, but at night, owing to\\nour small force (as the balance of my regiment has not yet ar-\\nrived), I am obliged to draw in the pickets to the wharf on\\nwhich we are quartered.\\nI think there are still on the island about 3000 persons,\u00c2\u00ae* a\\nlarge proportion of whom are women and children. A great\\nmany of these people are almost entirely destitute of the means\\nof subsistence, as the enemy will not allow anything to be\\nbrought over from the mainland, thinking, doubtless, to make\\nthem disloyal by starvation. The naval officer in command has\\ncontributed all he could spare from his stores, and my men have\\nshared their bread rations with them. I believe the larger part of\\nthe residents now here to be loyal and really desire to remain in\\nthe city, and that common humanity calls upon us to render\\n**Ten days before Colonel Burrill s arrival about one hundred half-\\nstarved renegades and negroes sailed to New Orleans on the bark\\nIsland City. Flour was then selling at $80 a barrel and wood at $20 a\\ncord.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0462.jp2"}, "463": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\n423\\nthem assistance. This, in my judgment, can best be done by\\nplacing the city under martial law, as soon as my force is large\\nenough, and forcing the rich, who are mainly the secessionists,\\nto feed the poor. I would most respectfully urge upon your con-\\nsideration the necessity of sending provisions for immediate re-\\nlief. These can be sold to them at government prices, thus con-\\nferring a real charity, without subjecting them to the mortifica-\\ntion of being beggars.\\nGEN. J. BANKHEAD MAGRUDER, C.S.A.\\nGeneral Banks about this time notified Colonel Burrill that\\nGen. A. J. Hamilton had been appointed Governor of Texas,\\nwould arrive shortly at Galveston, and must be respected as such.\\nBanks informed Burrill that, with no military movements in", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0463.jp2"}, "464": {"fulltext": "424 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nimmediate view, Galveston would be held principally as a recruit-\\ning station for the United States army, and enjoined on him the\\nexercise of prudence.\\nIn response to the general desire for a change of military com-\\nmanders in Texas, the Confederate States government finally\\nsent us Gen. J. Bankhead Magruder, of Virginia. November 29,\\n1862, immediately after General Magruder s arrival at Houston,\\nI addressed a letter to Colonel DeBray, thus expressing my views\\non public matters\\nI learn to-day that General Magruder has arrived at Hous-\\nton. I am anxious to see him, but it is not convenient at this\\ndate for me to leave the capital.\\nI do hope, colonel, that the general will take prompt and de-\\ncisive measures for the protection of the State. He should de-\\ntermine, as speedily as possible, what is required that can not be\\nsupplied within his command, and insist upon it being sent to\\nhim.\\nI feel assured we can furnish the soldiers, if the means of\\narming and equipping them can be obtained.\\nI trust you are getting along well with the obstructions along\\nthe bay and in the rivers. Let me beg that, after getting through\\nwith the obstructions at Clopper s bar, you will try and obstruct\\nRed Fish. If it is practicable, and can be done speedily, it would\\ninsure the safety of the Trinity.\\nColonel, can we not do something at Galveston If you could\\ndevise a plan whereby you could drive those fellows from the\\nwharves of the city and occupy the place, with the sanction of\\nGeneral Magruder, it would make you a name and do much to\\nraise the spirits of our people. I will most cheerfully co-operate\\nwith you in such an undertaking, and will accompany you on any\\nexpedition that you may get up for such a purpose.\\nI think, if it is possible, we should repossess the place.\\nI trust you will use every exertion to relieve any good men\\nthat have fallen into the hands of the enemy, and that you will\\nretain all prisoners taken by you until our citizens are released.\\nI am arranging the papers relative to the transfer of the\\nsteamer Bayou City, and will send them by next mail.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0464.jp2"}, "465": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 425\\nThe second day after his arrival, General Magruder\u00c2\u00ae^ assumed\\ncommand of the District of Texas, jSTew Mexico, and Arizona,\\nand issued an order, from his temporary headquarters at Hous-\\nton, directing all subordinate officers to forward to him at once\\nfield returns of the troops under their command. The quarter-\\nmasters, commissaries, and other officers in charge of military\\nstores and subsistence, who had served under General Hebert,\\nwere ordered to forward reports, without delay, to department\\nheadquarters. The commander of Sibley s brigade was directed\\nto report, by letter, the number and condition of his troops, and\\nhow armed. Immediate reports from the conscript officers were\\nalso called for. These various orders were promptly obeyed.\\nJSTew life seemed infused into the department. It soon became\\nevident that a firm and skillful hand was at the helm of military\\naffairs in Texas, and the hopes and expectations of the people\\nrose accordingly.\\nGeneral Magruder s staff was made up as follows: Maj. A. G.\\nDickinson and Capt. E. P. Turner, adjutant inspector-general s\\ndepartment; Maj. B. Bloomfield, quartermaster s department;\\nE. B. Pendleton, commissary department J. B. Eustis, ordnance\\nofficer, and Lieuts. Geo. A. Magruder and H. M. Stanard, aides-\\nde-camp.\\nDecember 1st General Magruder informed General Cooper\\n(at Eichmond), adjutant and inspector-general of the armies of\\n^5 John Bankhead Magruder was born in Winchester, Va., August\\n15, 1810. He graduated from West Point in 1830; was brevetted major\\nfor gallantry at Cerro Gordo, and lieutenant-colonel at Chapultepec,\\nwhere he was severely wounded; resigned his commission (that of cap-\\ntain of artillery) in the United States army, and entered that of the\\nConfederacy; was made brigadier-general after gaining the battle of\\nBig Bethel, Va. was placed in command of the peninsula and for\\nseveral weeks successfully opposed the forward march of the Union\\narmy; was then promoted to major-general; took part in the seven days\\nfighting around Richmond, especially distinguishing himself in the\\nbattle of Malvern Hill; October 10, 1862, was placed in command of the\\nDepartment of Texas, and so continued until the close of the war; after\\nthe fall of the Confederacy entered the army of Maximilian in Mexico,\\nwith the rank of major-general, and after the downfall and execution of\\nthe ill-fated emperor returned to the United States; lectured in Balti-\\nmore and other cities, and in 1869 made his home in Houston, Texas,\\nwhere he died February 19, 1871. His remains are interred at Galves-\\nton and the spot marked by a handsome monument. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0465.jp2"}, "466": {"fulltext": "426 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe Confederacy, of the sailing of the Banks expedition from\\nNew York for Texas, and requested an order from him for two\\nbatteries of light artillery, then at Columbus, Miss.\\nIn view of the expected invasion, I wrote General Magruder\\nDecember 6th:\\nThe Confederate States troops at this time within the State,\\nand the State troops, are probably sufficient for its defense; but\\nthey are all of them to some extent, and some of them wholly,\\ndestitute of arms. Baylor s command is without any arms at\\nall. The brigade known as Sibley s, who may now be considered\\nas veterans, are not half armed; and the same may be said of\\nevery other regiment in the State. I have not thought\\nit out of my line of duty to urge upon you, and through you on\\nthe War Department, the wants of our State, and the importance\\nof their being promptly supplied. At least 15,000 stand of arms\\nare needed to equip fully the forces in the State and the new\\nlevies about to be raised. I do not think that I over-\\nestimate the importance of Texas to the Confederacy, or the\\ninterest the government should feel in preventing its being over-\\nrun by the enemy. Almost all the only sure trade and communi-\\ncation between the Confederacy and the outside world is through\\nher western frontier into Mexico. Her wheat fields and her hog\\nand cattle ranches contribute largely to feed the armies her wool\\nand her cotton factories clothe them, in part her sons have not\\nbeen behind the foremost at the call of duty, and have poured\\ntheir blood, like water, upon the battlefields of liberty. She de-\\nserves a better fate at the hands of the authorities than to be left,\\nwith the old men and boys, to defend herself, while denied the\\nmeans of effectually doing it.\\nWhereupon the General, without delay, wrote General Holmes\\n(at Little Rock), commander of the Trans-Mississippi Depart-\\nment:\\nA large expedition, under General Banks, will arrive at Gal-\\nveston probably in a few days. I find the coast and Eio Grande\\ngiven up. With my troops well armed, I might recover im-\\nportant points on the coast, and probably save the Eio Grande,\\nso necessary to us. Under these circumstances, I can not but\\nconcur in the opinion of the Governor of Texas as to the necessity\\nof keeping some well-armed troops.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0466.jp2"}, "467": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 427\\nIn response to this communication, Col. Chas. De Morse s\\nregiment (Twenty-ninth cavalry), then under orders for Fort\\nSmith, was retained in Texas. My letter to General Magruder\\nwas enclosed in this communication to General Holmes.\\nAn invasion was expected by way of the coast or the Eio\\nGrande, and Magruder left no stone unturned in making prepa-\\nrations to meet it. On the 9th he again addressed General\\nCooper, saying: In Baylor s command of about 500 men only\\nfifty-five are armed at all. I have only 1000 Enfield rifles and\\nabout 300 small arms to issue, and concluding with a requisi-\\ntion for 13,000 stand of arms, three batteries of rifled cannon,\\nand three batteries of smooth-bore guns. General Magruder\\nhad won his spurs in Mexico in 1846-7 as commander of field\\nbatteries, and his desire for proper equipment in that arm was\\nnot surprising.\\nThe General also addressed Jas. H. Seddon, Secretary of War,\\nas follows\\nI can not ask too urgently your attention to the enclosed let-\\nter of Governor Lubbock as to the pressing need of arms for the\\ntroops necessary for the defense of this State. Texas, though\\nshe has stripped herself of her young men, who are nobly fight-\\ning the battles of the Confederacy beyond her limits, needs but\\narms in the hands of her warlike and veteran pioneers, who have\\nremained at home, to enable her to defend her soil successfully\\nbut these arms she has not. All the rifles and shotguns, at one\\ntime in the hands of her citizens, have been sent with her troops\\nto the army elsewhere, and she is now absolutely without any\\nwhatever, except the few with which the troops in the field here\\nare badly armed. He closed by repeating his requisition for\\n13,000. stand of arms, with ammunition, and the light batteries.\\nHe wrote to General Holmes on December 19th I had ordered\\nSibley s brigade to Harrisburg to protect the coast\\nand the railway, the latter absolutely vital. There are\\nnot more than 6000 men armed in all Texas. There ought to be\\nthat number alone on the Rio Grande. I was about to send an\\nexpedition there to regain the frontier; but if Sibley s brigade\\nand Stone s and Gurley s regiments are taken from me I will not\\nbe able to do so. I beg, therefore, that the order alluded to by", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0467.jp2"}, "468": {"fulltext": "428 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nyou, for these troops to proceed to Vicksburg, be counter-\\nmanded.\\nA day of two later, having learned more of the contemplated\\ninvasion of Texas, Magruder repeated his request for the reten-\\ntion of Sibley s brigade in the State, saying as to expected in-\\nvasion: I am by no means prepared [to meet it. Ed.] by rea-\\nson of the disorder and want of organization which prevails here\\non account of the removal of troops from this district.\\nIt is scarcely necessary for me to say that great dissatisfaction\\nexists in this State at the removal of armed troops from its lim-\\nits, and the retention of those only who are unarmed.\\nThe order for their withdrawal was not countermanded; but\\nbefore their preparations to march were completed Magruder\\nplanned, fought, and won the battle of G-alveston, Sibley s bri-\\ngade taking an honorable and glorious part in the engagement.\\nOn the same day that Magruder preferred his last request, he\\nwrote to me as follows In view of the diminution of our forces\\nby the removal of the above mentioned troops from this State,\\nand of the arrival of the Federal forces momentarily expected,\\nI have to request that you will call out at once all the militia\\nwhich the State can possibly arm, and cause them to rendezvous\\nat Harrisburg.\\nAs to this requisition, I did not consider it a new call for\\ntroops, but only for a rapid concentration of forces organizing\\nunder Hebert s last call. The necessary orders for that purpose\\nwere accordingly given, and Colonel Eeiley, commanding Sibley s\\nbrigade, speedily massed the troops at Harrisburg. Old Harris-\\nburg, now full of soldiers, presented a more warlike appearance\\nthan when the Texan government officials were fleeing before\\nthe legions of Santa Anna in 1836.\\nMagruder, on December 20th, issued an address to the people,\\nexhorting them to fight to the last extremity, and showing, by\\na review of Butler s rule in Louisiana, that no submission, how-\\never abject, would save them from insult and spoliation of prop-\\nerty, if the enemy were permitted to once gain control of the\\nState. The line of seaboard, from the Sabine to the Colorado,\\nsaid he, must be held at all hazards. He said that General\\nBanks had landed at New Orleans with 20,000 men, and would\\nalmost certainly advance on Texas. And as to the duty of all", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0468.jp2"}, "469": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 429\\nTexans, under the circumstances, he said: Texans, need I tell\\nyou what reception to give these men? Wait not for orders, but\\nattack them at once, and furiously, wherever they shall be\\nfound. A sentiment, this, worthy of ancient Rome in her\\npalmiest days.\\nThe coast country designated was marked on the north by the\\nrailway line from Orange, on the Sabine, to Columbia, on the\\nBrazos, and thence by a straight line to Texana, Victoria, and\\nRefugio. All negroes were ordered removed from this district,\\nand all surplus corn found there collected, paid for, and brought\\nin for the use of the army.\\nUnder Magruder s orders all cotton, tobacco, and property of\\nevery kind in the coast country was to be destroyed whenever it\\nbecame necessary to prevent its falling into the hands of the en-\\nemy. This was an outlining of desperate measures, but his plans\\nwere the outgrowth of and justified by necessity, and were sanc-\\ntioned both by military law and the laws of his country. Had\\nsuch sacrifices become necessary the people would have cheerfully\\nmade them. Happily, however, Magruder did not find it neces-\\nsary in Texas to practice the Russian plan of defense, viz., de-\\nstroy everything before an invader.\\nConsulting Engineer C. G. Forshey, on Christmas day, after\\ndue exploration of Galveston Bay and adjacent waters, and con-\\nsultation with General Magruder, thus wrote Colonel De Bray,\\ncommanding at Virginia Point\\nGeneral Magruder directs that you summon Capt. Leon\\nSmith, and direct him to prepare the Bayou City for service im-\\nmediately; to put a platform on the boat for the thirty-two-\\npounder rifled cannon, which will be sent to Harrisburg to-mor-\\nrow to prepare the Neptune in like manner for the two twenty-\\nfour-pounder howitzers, now at Harrisburg. He will use cotton\\non the decks of both to give the appearance of protection, and\\nnot wait to fasten it, if it costs time. For this purpose he will\\nuse all the mechanics and other force that can be worked with\\nadvantage, taking the material and property needed by seizing it,\\nif necessary. He will call for 150 volunteers for each\\nboat, taking citizens and soldiers from all quarters. He\\nwill use the small arms already given him. He will be", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0469.jp2"}, "470": {"fulltext": "430 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nread} to move at noon day after to-morrow to take part in an at-\\ntack ujjon the fleet, if things do not change. The cox-\\nswain of the Owasco, a deserter;, says the fleet can be easily driven\\nout of the harbor, and he is anxious to take part and lead a cot-\\nton boat in the fight. He will not prove false; if he\\ndoes, he dies. He wishes to serve the gun himself. Take him\\non board, but do not let him go near the gun. Treat him kindly,\\nand let him remain near the captain. Take any man s cotton,\\nunless it can be bought. I prefer Major Smith to go in com-\\nmand of both boats. Keep the coxswain, Monroe, from\\nliquor. Colonel De Bray will order down such unarmed men of\\nSibley s brigade as can be spared. Captain Good has still some\\nMississippi rifles, or other small arms, on hand. Let him issue\\nthem to Major Smith, to arm his vessel. Tell the editors of\\npapers not to publish a word as to army movements in this State.\\nColonel De Bray will be sent for, if there is a fight. Send the\\nmessage to Colonel Hardeman at Columbus, and no farther.\\nOn the same day General Magruder, then at Virginia Point,\\nwrote to Major Shea, at Lavaca, to burn the railroad ties at In-\\ndianola and Lavaca move a cavalry battalion, without their\\nhorses, from near Victoria to Lavaca, and burn or destroy the\\nlighthouses at Saluria.and Pass Cavallo, and all the houses at\\nPass Cavallo, if practicable. He also wrote to Major Hobb}^ at\\nCorpus Christi, instructing him to destroy the lighthouse at\\nAransas, and to Colonel Buchel, near Brownsville, to destroy the\\nlighthouse on Padre Island.\\nI had managed about the middle of December to visit Houston,\\nand there, for the first time, met General Magruder. We had a\\nlong and satisfactory conference over the situation and needs\\nof the State. It was gratifying to me to find in General Ma-\\ngruder the characteristics of a true patriot, a courteous gentle-\\nman, and a gallant soldier. My views had already been given\\nhim in extenso in my letter of December 6th. I cordially ap-\\nproved his plan to recapture Galveston, and it was the under-\\nstanding that I should accompany him when he was ready for\\nthe enterprise. Meanwhile, I had to return to the capital on\\npressing official business and on my arrival at Austin was con-\\nfined to my bed with a severe attack of inflammatory rheuma-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0470.jp2"}, "471": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 431\\ntism, the result of cold**^ contracted the night before I left Hous-\\nton. My physician was summoned without delay, and he per-\\nemptorily forbade my leaving the house for a couple of weeks.\\nThus I lost the opportunity of sharing the dangers and glory\\nof the victory at Galveston. Captain Turner, Magruder s chief\\nof staff, knowing, perhaps, my helpless condition, did not even\\nnotify me (although he had promised to do so) when everything\\nwas ready.\\nCaused by exposure on the wet and muddy streets, on being aroused\\nfrom sleep to quell a riot at the jail, excited by a crowd of soldiers clam-\\noring for the release of a popular comrade.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0471.jp2"}, "472": {"fulltext": "432 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-FOUR.\\nBattle of Galveston General Magruder Leads the Land Forces in Per-\\nson and Commodore Smith Commands the Cotton-Clads A Glorious\\nVictory Official Reports from Both Sides The Blockade Raised\\nGeneral Magruder Congratulated by General Houston and Others\\nNaval Attack on Galveston The Alabama The Hatteras Sunk\\nBattle Ofif Sabine Pass and Confederate Victory Magruder s Reports\\nand Recommendations Results of the Month s Campaign.\\nA combined attack upon Galveston by land and sea was Ma-\\ngruder s plan. Finally all the preparations were completed.\\nOn the morning of the 31st of December, 1863, he assigned\\nCapt. Leon Smith\u00c2\u00ae to the command of the Confederate flo-\\ntilla on Buffalo Bayou, consisting of the steamboats Bayou City\\nand Neptune, and the tenders John Carr and Lucy Gwinn. Com-\\nmodore Smith was an experienced naval officer, and had already\\nrendered good service for Texas at Indianola and elsewhere.\\nSmith s promotion to so important a command at this time was\\ntherefore a deserved recognition of merit, amply justified by his\\nsubsequent career.\\nThe cavalry regiments of Colonels Tom Green and A. P.\\nBagby furnished the volunteers (300 in number) needed as ma-\\nrines. Colonel Green, on the Bayou City, was the ranking army\\nofficer, and commanded all the land forces on the steamers. Col-\\nonel Bagby was the immediate commander of the troops on the\\nNeptune, which also had on board an artillery company under\\nLieutenant Harby.\\n8 Leon Smith was born in Alfred, Maine; went to sea at thirteen,\\nand at the age of twenty commanded the United States mail steamship\\nPacific, running between San Francisco and Panama; was later commo-\\ndore of the Morgan line of steamships running from New York to Gal-\\nveston; was commander of the Rusk at the beginning of the war; won\\ndistinction as a Confederate naval officer by his skill and bravery in the\\ncapture of the Star of the West, and able and gallant services on other\\noccasions; and after coming out of the war unscathed and with honor\\nbright, was basely murdered by an Indian at Fort Wrangle, Alaska, in\\nDecember, 1869. His body was brought to Texas, and has since rested\\nin the city cemetery at Houston. Commodore Smith was undoubtedly\\nthe ablest Confederate naval commander in the Gulf waters. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0472.jp2"}, "473": {"fulltext": "L UBB O CK S MEMOIRS.\\n433\\nThe Carr, Captain Lawson, had on board one company of in-\\nfantry, and the Lucy Gwinn was simply used as a hospital boat.\\nNearly all the troops were veterans of Sibley s brigade and in-\\nferior to none in the Confederate service. As a protection to\\nthe pipes and engines, cotton bales were placed across the for-\\nward decks and on the guards. Vessels so defended were then\\nand afterwards very properly designated as cotton-clads.\\nCOMMODORE T^EON SMITH, C.S.N.\\nLater in the afternoon General Magruder and staff boarded\\nthe cars at Houston for the coast. At Sunset Station the gen-\\neral dispatched a courier to Morgan s Point with orders to Com-\\nmodore Smith to proceed with his fleet to the upper part of Gal-\\nveston Bay, and there wait until the sound of cannon announced\\nthat the land attack had begun, and then immediately engage\\nthe Yankee vessels in the harbor.\\nAt dusk. General Magruder and suite arrived at Virginia\\nPoint, the rendezvous of the land troops.\\nThe army at once began to move across the bridge to the island.\\n28", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0473.jp2"}, "474": {"fulltext": "434 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nA slight delay was caused by the mules hitched to the guns prov-\\ning refractory and refusing to go upon the bridge. The animals\\nwere quickly unharnessed, and some of Elmore s men drew the\\nartillery over. With fifteen or twenty pieces of cannon, including\\nsix siege guns, the march of the army was necessarily slow.\\nMagruder had, a few nights Ijefore, with eighty picked men,\\nentered the city of Galveston and made a thorough reconnois-\\nsance of the ground and the position of the enemy.\\nThe Yankees, about 300 strong, were stationed at the end of\\na long wharf, crowded into large buildings, the entire position\\nwell covered by the guns of the steamships, and the approaches\\nguarded by two lines of strong barricades. Communication from\\nthe shore was rendered difficult by the removal of portions of\\nthe wharf in front of the barricades. It would be necessary for\\nan attacking party to wade through the water to reach the wharf,\\nand to devise some means to mount upon it when reached. For\\nthe latter purpose Magruder distributed fifty scaling-ladders\\namong the men of the storming party. Most of the cannon, to-\\ngether with a railroad-ram armed with an eight-inch Dahlgren,\\nwere transported along the railroad track to within a convenient\\ndistance of the enemy.\\nThe most impartant objective point to be carried was Fort\\nPoint, at the mouth of the harbor. The plan was for Captain\\nFontaine (of Cook s regiment), with six companies of Pyron s\\nregiment, to lead the attack on this position, while Wilson s bat-\\ntery of six pieces opened on the enemy from the Center wharf,\\nand Colonel Cook, with 500 men and the scaling-ladders, stormed\\nthe wharf on which the enemy s land forces were barricaded.\\nLeading the center assault in person, I approached within\\ntwo squares of the wharves, says General Magruder, at which\\npoint I directed the horses of the field pieces to be removed from\\nthem and placed behind some brick buildings for shelter from the\\nanticipated discharges of grape and canister. After allowing the\\nlapse of what turned out to be ample time for Captain Fontaine\\nto reach and occupy his more distant position, the guns were\\nplaced along a line of about two and one-half miles, principally\\nwithin the limits of the city. It having been agreed that the fire\\nof the center gun should furnish the signal for a general at-\\ntack, I proceeded to carry out this portion of the plan by dis-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0474.jp2"}, "475": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 435\\ncharging the piece myself. The signal was promptly responded\\nto by an almost simultaneous and very effective discharge along\\nthe whole line. The moon had by that time gone down, but still\\nthe light of the stars enabled us to see the Federal ships. The\\nenemy did not hesitate long in replying to our attack. He soon\\nopened on us from his fleet with a tremendous discharge of shell,\\nwhich was followed with grape and canister. Our men, however,\\nworked steadily at their guns under cover of the darkness. Col-\\nonel Cook now advanced with his storming party to the assault\\nhis men, wading through the water and bearing with them their\\nscaling-ladders, endeavored to reach the end of the wharf on\\nwhich the enemy were stationed. Colonel Cook was supported\\nby Griffin s battalion, and by sharpshooters deployed on the\\nright and left in order to distract the enemy s attention. A\\nsevere conflict took place at this point, our men being exposed\\nto a fire of grape, canister, and shell from the ships, as well as\\nof musketry from the land forces. The water was deep, the\\nwharf proved higher than was anticipated, and the scaling-lad-\\nders, as was reported to me by Colonel Cook, were found to be\\ntoo short to enable the men to accomplish their object. After an\\nobstinate contest, the infantry were directed to cover themselves\\nand fire from the buildings nearest the wharf, which was accord-\\ningly done.\\nThe enemy s fire was deadly. The ships being not more than\\n300 yards from our batteries, it was extremely difficult to main-\\ntain the position we had assumed, and some of the artillerymen\\nwere driven from their pieces. As daylight, which was now ap-\\nproaching, would expose these men still more to the enemy s fire,\\nand as our gunboats had not yet made their appearance, I or-\\ndered the artillery to be withdrawn to positions which afforded\\nmore protection, but from w^hich the fire could be continued on\\nthe adversary with greater advantage to us. Knowing Captain\\nFontaine to be in a position the most exposed of all, I at the same\\ntime dispatched a staff officer with instructions to have his pieces\\nlikewise withdrawn. This order reaching Captain Fontaine s\\nmen before it was received by their captain, and the concentrated\\nfire from the enemy s ships but a few hundred yards distant hav-\\ning increased in intensity, they were compelled to leave their", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0475.jp2"}, "476": {"fulltext": "436 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\npieces. They were, however, soon formed by Captain Fontaine\\nin a position of greater security.\\nThe delicate duty of withdrawing the pieces in the city from\\nthe close vicinity of the enemy was intrusted to Brigadier-Gen-\\neral Scurry, who performed it with skill and gallantry. Prepara-\\ntions were then ordered for the immediate fortification and per-\\nmanent occupation of the city. But at this moment, our fire still\\ncontinuing, our gunboats came dashing down the harbor and en-\\ngaged the Harriet Lane, which was the nearest of the enemy s\\nships, in the most gallant style, running into her, one on each\\nside, and pouring on her deck a deadly fire of rifles and shotguns.\\nThe gallant Captain Wainwright fought his ship admirably. He\\nsucceeded in disabling the Neptune, and attempted to run down\\nthe Bayou City, but he was met by an antagonist of even su-\\nperior skill, coolness, and heroism. Leon Smith, ably seconded\\nby Captain [Henry S.] Lubbock, the immediate commander of\\nthe Bayou City, and by her pilot. Captain McCormick, adroitly\\nevaded the deadly stroke, although as the vessels passed each\\nother he lost his larboard wheelhouse in the shock. Again the\\nBayou City, while receiving several broadsides almost at the can-\\nnon s mouth, poured into the Harriet Lane a destructive fire of\\nsmall arms. Turning once more, she drove her prow into the\\niron wheel of the Harriet Lane, thus locking the two vessels to-\\ngether. Followed by the officers and men of the heroic volun-\\nteer corps, Commodore Leon Smith leaped to the deck of the\\nhostile ship, and, after a moment of feeble resistance, she was\\nours. The surviving officers of the Harriet Lane presented their\\nswords to Commodore Leon Smith on the quarter-deck of the\\ncaptured vessel. After the surrender, the Owasco passed along-\\nside pouring into the Harriet Lane a broadside at close quarters,\\nbut she was soon forced to back out by the effect of our mus-\\nketry.\\nCommodore Smith then sent a flag to Commodore Eenshaw,\\nwhose ship had in the meantime been run aground, demanding\\nthe surrender of the whole fleet, and giving three hours time to\\nconsider. These propositions were accepted by the commanding\\nofficer, and all the enemy s vessels were immediately brought to\\nanchor, with white flags flying. Most of this time was occupied\\nin attempting to get the Harriet Lane to the wharf in order to", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0476.jp2"}, "477": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 437\\nremove the wounded to a place of safety. The ships and boats\\nwere so much damaged that this was found to be ahnost impossi-\\nble with the means at hand. Proceeding myself to the wharf, I\\nmet one of my most distinguished and scientific staff officers,\\nMaj. A. M. Lea, who informed me that on board the Harriet\\nLane he had found his son, the second in command, mortally\\nwounded. He represented to me that there were other officers\\nbadly wounded, and urged me to delay, if possible, their re-\\nmoval. It now being within an hour of the expiration of the\\nperiod of truce, I sent another flag to Commodore Renshaw,\\nwhose ship was among the most distant, claiming all his vessels\\nimmediately under our guns as prizes, and giving him further\\ntime to consider the demand for the surrender of the whole fleet.\\nThis message was borne by Colonel Green and Captain Lubbock.\\nWhile these gentlemen were on their way in a boat to fulfill their\\nmission. Commodore Renshaw blew up his ship and was himself\\naccidentally blown up with it. They boarded the ship of the next\\nin command, who dropped down the bay, still having them on\\nboard, and carried them some distance toward the bar, while\\nstill flying the white flag at the masthead.\\nIn the meantime. General Scurry sent to know if he should\\nfire at the ships immediately in his front at the expiration of the\\nperiod of truce. To this I replied in the negative, as another\\ndemand under a flag of truce from me had been sent to the\\ncommodore. When the first period of truce expired, the enemy s\\nships under our guns, regardless of the white flags still flying at\\ntheir mastheads, gradually crept off. As soon as this was seen,\\nI sent a swift express on horseback to General Scurry, directing\\nhim to open fire on them. This was done with so much effect\\nthat one of them was reported to have sunk near the bar, and the\\nOwasco was seriously damaged.\\nI forward a correspondence on this subject between Com-\\nmodore Bell and myself. In this correspondence Commodore\\nBell states that the truce was violated l)y the firing of cannon\\nand small arms by our men on shore, as he had been informed.\\nThis is an error not a gun or small arm was discharged during\\nthe stipulated period, or until the enemy s vessels were discovered\\nto be creeping off out of the harbor. Commodore Leon Smith\\nfired a heavy stern gun at the retiring ships with effect from the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0477.jp2"}, "478": {"fulltext": "438\\nLUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nHarriet Lane. Jumping on board the steamer Carr, he pro-\\nceeded to Bolivar channel and captured and brought in (in the\\nimmediate presence of the enemy s armed vessels) the two barks\\nand schooner before spoken of. As soon as it was light enough to\\nsee, the land force surrendered to General Scurry.\\nWe thus captured one tine steamship, two barks, and one\\nschooner. We ran ashore the flagship of the commodore, drove\\noff two war steamers, and sunk another, as reported, all of the\\nUnited States navy, and the armed transports, and took 300 or\\n400 prisoners. The number of guns captured was fifteen, and.\\nGEN. TOM GREEN, C.S.A.\\nbeing found on Pelican Spit, a large quantity of stores, coal, and\\no1her material also was taken. The Neptune sank; her officers\\nand crew, with the exception of those killed in the battle, were\\nsaved, as were also her guns. The loss on our side was 26 killed,\\nand 117 wounded. Among the former was the gallant Captain\\nWeir, the first volunteer for the expedition. The alacrity with\\nwhich officers and men, all of them totally unacquainted with\\nthis novel kind of service, and some of whom had never seen a\\nship before, volunteered for an enterprise so extraordinarily\\nand apparently desperate in its character, and the bold and dash-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0478.jp2"}, "479": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 439\\ning manner in which the plan was executed, are certainly deserv-\\ning of the highest praise.\\nAlthough it may appear invidious to make distinctions, I\\nnevertheless regard it as a duty to say that too much credit can\\nnot be bestowed on Commodore Leon Smith, whose professional\\nability, energy, and perseverance, amidst many discouraging in-\\nfluences, were so conspicuously displayed in the preparation for\\nthe attack, while in its execution his heroism was sublime. In\\nthe latter he was most ably and gallantly seconded by Colonel\\nGreen, commanding the land forces serving on board of our fleet;\\nby Captain Lubbock, commanding the Bayou City by her pilot,\\nCaptain McCormick; Captain Wier, commanding the artillery;\\nCaptain Martin, commanding dismounted dragoons, and by the\\nofficers and men on board of that boat. Though in the case of\\nthe Neptune the result was not so favorable, her attack on the\\nHarriet Lane was equally bold and dashing, and had its weight\\nin the capture. Colonel Bagby, commanding the land troops on\\nboard the Neptune; Captain Sangster; her pilots. Captains Swift\\nand McGovern Captain Harby, and the officers and crew of the\\nship, likewise deserve, as they have received, my thanks for their\\nparticipation in this brilliant battle. The engineers, among\\nwhom Captain Seymour, of the Bayou City, and C*aptain Con-\\nner, of the Neptune, were distinguished by remarkable coolness,\\nskill, and devotion in the discharge of their important duties.\\nIn the land attack especial commendations are due to Brig.-\\nGen. W. E. Scurry, Col. X. B. De Bray, Major Von Harten,\\nCook s regiment of artillery; Captain Fontaine, Cook s regi-\\nment; MaJ. J. Kellersberg, of the engineer corps; also to Col-\\nonels Cook, Pyron, Lieutenant-Colonel Abercrombie, command-\\ning Elmore s men Major Griffin, Major Wilson, of the artillery\\nCaptain Mason, Captain McMahan, and to the accomplished and\\ndevoted Lieutenant Sherman, who fell at his piece mortally\\nwounded, and to privates Brown and Shoppman, of Daly s com-\\npany of cavalry, the latter of whom kept up the fire of one piece\\nalmost without assistance, under the enemy s grape and canis-\\nter.\\nThe General did not forget to notice his staff officers, compli-\\nmenting Capt. E. P. Turner for his conspicuous gallantry,\\nand commending for their gallantry, promptness, and intelli-\\ngence, Lieuts. Geo. A. Magruder and H. M. Stanard to the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0479.jp2"}, "480": {"fulltext": "440 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nspecial consideration of the government. He also acknowledged\\nthe services of numerous volunteer aides, including Judge P. W.\\nGray, Hon. J. A. Wilcox, M. C. General Howard, of the State\\ntrooiDS, Major Tucker, E. W. Cave, and Hon. M. M. Potter. He\\nrecommended to the especial consideration of the President Gen.\\nJohn E. Baylor, for his gallant conduct as a private, serving the\\nguns during the hottest of the fight. Among others favorably\\nmentioned were Lieutenant- Colonel Manly, Major Watkins,\\nand Colonel Forshey.\\nThe following additional account of the naval part of the bat-\\ntle will give the reader a more complete idea of the engagement\\nCommodore Smith s cotton-clad fleet, cutting loose from the\\nwharf at Houston about the middle of the afternoon, steamed off\\nfor battle with flying colors, and amid the cheers of the specta-\\ntors. Military bands discoursed martial music, and the boys\\nmissed a good chance if, in passing the San Jacinto battleground,\\nthey did not respond with a rebel yell to the tune of Dixie. Col-\\nonel Green himself had been one of Houston s artillerists at San\\nJacinto, and many of his men had seen service in that famous\\ncampaign. More than a quarter of a century had since elapsed,\\nand these gallant men, ever ready, if need be, to die for Texas,\\nwere now hurrying on to meet a worse foe than the Mexican.\\nOn the way down several patriotic volunteers were taken\\naboard, among others, a son of Vice-President Lorenzo de Za-\\nvala, Mr. Roper (the tax collector of Harris County), my brother\\nWilliam, and Henry s son James. At Morgan s Point the fleet\\nwas hailed and brought to by a mounted soldier on shore. Taken\\naboard the flagship, he proved to be a courier from General Ma-\\ngruder to Commodore Smith, with this greeting The stormers^^\\nof the land, to the stormers of the sea, and also a message stat-\\ning that the land forces would open the fight, and that the fleet\\nmust not engage the enemy in the bay till the signal of attack\\nwas heard from Magruder s guns.\\nThese dispatches had an exhilarating eifect, showing, as they\\ndid, that all arms were moving upon the enemy.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a28 Judge P. W. Gray, at the time on Magruder s staff, said a few days\\nlater: General Magruder sent from Summit Station, on the railroad,\\nthis dispatch to Commodore Smith and Colonel Green: I am off, and\\nwill make the attack as agreed, whether you come or not. The rangers\\nof the prairie send greeting to the rangers of the sea.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0480.jp2"}, "481": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0481.jp2"}, "482": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0482.jp2"}, "483": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 441\\nPassing Clopper s and Red Fish bars, the commodore soon\\nsighted the enemy s fleet. Sockets were immediately sent up\\nfrom all the Federal vessels as a signal of expected Confederate\\nattack. Under orders (as before stated), the flotilla hove to and\\nwaited for Magruder s signal.\\nAt last came the expected signal, says Capt. Henry S. Lub-\\nbock, first from a heavy cannon, and then from smaller pieces.\\nWe could not mistake the clear ring of the little cannon, which\\nwe at once recognized as the Nichols guns. Then came the\\nboom, boom, of the heavy guns of the enemy, telling plainly\\nthat the fight had begun.\\nOur boys replied with a deafening rebel yell, and our vessels\\nwere at once put in motion and steamed briskly down the bay to-\\nwards the hostile fleet.\\nThe Bayou City, in the van, was equipped with boarding\\nplanks, one on the larboard and one on the starboard side,\\nunder the special charge of Commodore Smith.\\nWhen within about two miles of the enemy, our gun was dis-\\ncharged without effect. The Lane was then engaged with a shore\\nbattery. She immediately paid attention to us, but we were not\\ntouched, and kept rapidly advancing. After one discharge from\\nour cannon, it was again loaded. The shot, when rammed half-\\nway down, stuck in the barrel. When the match was applied the\\ngun burst, instantly killing Captain Weir and two of the gun-\\nners who were working it. The body of Captain Weir was\\nfound on the deck after the explosion; those of the men were\\ndoubtless blown overboard, as they were nowhere to be seen. LTn-\\nexpected and tragic as this event was we could bestow little at-\\ntention upon it. We were now approaching the Lane at a lively\\nrate of speed, high steam and a strong ebb tide sweeping us down\\nthe bay.\\nWhen about 800 yards off, I shaped our course for the docks,\\nabreast of which the Lane was anchored. I wished to run below\\nthe vessel, turn, and come up, with the tide against us but per-\\nceiving there was too much risk in that movement, and being\\nonly about 500 yards from the Lane, I pointed the Bayou City\\ndirectly for her. The swift current carried us past the Lane,\\nthe two vessels grazing, and our wheel-house being torn off. At\\nthe critical moment the guy-rope holding our grappling device", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0483.jp2"}, "484": {"fulltext": "442 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwas not cut, and to make matters worse it was cut when too\\nlate. As we drifted past the Lane our men poured a deadly fire\\ninto her, a perfect fusilade being kept up for about a minute.\\nIt was at this time that tlie casualties occurred on the Lane. We\\ndrifted down with one wheel fouled. This was soon cleared, and\\nwe backed into a slip, which enabled us to turn quickly, and we\\nthen headed for the Lane, with the current on our bow, and our\\nboat, consequently, under complete control.\\nBy this time the Neptune (Captain Sangster) had come up\\nto and in collision with the Lane in an effort to ram her, but\\nwithout damage to the Lane. The !N eptune, however, stove in\\nher own prow, and, commencing to sink rapidly, drifted past the\\nLane and sunk near the wharf. In passing, Captain Harby, with\\nhis little brass pieces, fired away with no appreciable result. The\\ninfantry on the Neptune did not prevent the gunners of the Lane\\nfrom discharging two twenty-pound Dahlgrens which she carried\\non the after-deck as stern-chasers, creating fearful havoc on the\\nNeptune. The sinking of the Neptune left the Bayou City to\\nbattle single-handed with all the Federal vessels in the harbor.\\nThe Bayou City made a rush, under a full head of steam, for the\\nLane. When within easy rifle range the order was given shoot\\nat will, and our men opened a brisk and effective fire, and a mo-\\nment later the sharp stem of the Bayou City struck the Lane,\\ncarrying away a three-inch wrought-iron brace attached to the\\nguard-beam and hull, and cutting into the iron water-wheel of\\nthe enemy. At this time, while we were fouled with the Lane,\\nthe Owasco came up within 200 yards and opened on us with\\nshrapnel. We lost one man killed by a shrapnel bullet. Quite\\na number of shrapnels burst on our decks, embedding balls in our\\nengine frame, and our heater was broken. A ten-inch solid shot\\nfrom the Owasco passed through the Lane s cabin, striking the\\nwater pitcher on the sideboard, and, coming out of the port win-\\ndow, struck the broken gun-carriage on the Bayou City s deck,\\nand there remained. I called on Capt. J. Martin and his sharp-\\nshooters to attend to the Owasco. One round from them and the\\nOwasco retired.\\nA white flag was then raised on the Harriet Lane, and im-\\nmediately afterwards white flags were raised by the other vessels", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0484.jp2"}, "485": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 443\\nengaged. In response thereto I was (at my request) dispatched\\nby Commodore Smith to make a formal demand for the sur-\\nrender of the enemy. I manned one of the Lane s boats with a\\ncrew from the Bayou City, and was pulled away to discharge this\\ncommission. Coming up with the Owasco, I went aboard and\\nexplained to her commodore, Captain Wilson, the nature of my\\nvisit. He replied that he was not in command of the fleet. We\\nthen made our way to the Clifton, and I boarded her, climbing\\nup the side and through a port onto her deck. Captain Law, her\\nchief officer, met me. We retired to his stateroom, and there I\\ndemanded the surrender of his fleet. It was then about 7 :30\\no clock New Year s morning, 1863. The captain inquired, What\\nare your terms? We ll parole the officers and crews, said I,\\nand give you the sailing ships for transportation, the steamers\\nto remain in the harbor. How much time, asked Captain Law,\\nis given? I wish to consult with the commander of the West-\\nfield. Two hours, or until 9 o clock, was the reply.\\nOur conference was witnessed by Mr. Hanna, who was a petty\\nofficer on board the Harriet Lane. I brought him with me, so\\nthat he might inform the Federal commander if he was ques-\\ntioned as to the condition of the Lane. I informed Captain Law\\nthat he could have Mr. Hanna accompany him to the Westfield,\\nwhich he did.\\nLeaving the Clifton, we pulled for the city front. Seeing a\\nforce of our men ashore, back of Khun s wharf, and some of them\\nwading in the water, I stopped at the end of the wharf for the\\npurpose of procuring a courier and sending word to General Ma-\\ngruder of the exact condition of affairs. On reaching the wharf,\\nI found that there were no steps leading up to it from the water s\\nedge. As the tide was low, the distance to the platform of the\\nwharf was considerable. I was very tired, and would have found\\nit difficult, if not impossible, to climb up the smooth piling. I\\nwas saved the trouble of making the attempt. A tall soldier\\nleaned over the docks, reached down his hand, and said, very po-\\nlitely, Let me assist you, sir. With his aid I swung onto the\\ndock. He introduced himself as Colonel Burrill, of the Forty-\\nsecond Massachusetts, and requested that the same terms which\\nwere given to the fleet be extended to his regiment.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0485.jp2"}, "486": {"fulltext": "444 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nMy reply was, I have nothing to do with the hind forces.\\nWhat officer is in front of a^ou? He replied, General Scurry,\\nand if you desire it, we will walk out and see him.\\nWhereupon we walked out on the string-pieces, all the\\nplanking on the wharf having been taken ujj.\\nObserving our approach, an officer was sent forward to meet\\nus. When he was informed of our names and rank, and that we\\nwished to see General Scurry, he requested us to advance. As\\nsoon as we made our way from the wharf to the shore, we were\\nmet by General Scurry and staff, and I introduced Colonel Bur-\\nrill, and told General Scurry that he desired the same terms\\nthat were given the fleet.\\nScurry looked in a quizzical way at me, for he, of course, was\\nin the dark as to what had been done by the marine forces. I\\nrepeated to him (what 1 had already told Colonel Burrill) the\\ndetails of the victory won by our men on the water.\\nScarcely had the words passed my lips before the General s\\nadjutant, Lieutenant Jones, taking in the situation, said, in an\\naudible whisper: General, make the surrender immediate and\\nunconditional.\\nThen Scurry talked to Burrill for about a minute in such a\\nfatherly way that it soothed the sting of defeat in the Colonel s\\nbreast, and I am certain he returned to the wharf a happier man\\nthan when he left it a few moments before.\\nIn order that I might take the news to General Magruder, I\\nwas furnished with a mount and an orderly to conduct me to\\nheadquarters, located in the handsome residence of Colonel Nich-\\nols. We made our way there without any loss of time.\\nGeneral Magruder walked out of the house to meet us. I had\\nbeen lifted out of the saddle, and Turner, Foster, and others of\\nthe General s military family were almost carrying me in their\\narms. The General espied me, caught me in his arms, and\\nhugged me as a father would a long-lost boy.\\nHow fares the day, Captain said he.\\nWe have won the fight. General.\\nHow is that What do vou mean Where is the Bayou\\nCity?\\nGeneral, I replied, she is alongside her prize, the Harriet\\nLane.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0486.jp2"}, "487": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 445\\nWhat a ripple of delight ran through the party. They were\\nat breakfast when I arrived. I was hungry, and it did not re-\\nquire a second invitation to cause me to drop into a chair and do\\nample justice to the viands that were spread upon the table,\\nwhile the General rolled out questions at a rate that none but he\\ncould do, and the answers all pleased him.\\nBreakfast through, the general expressed a desire to see the\\nprize.\\nWe left the house, proceeded to the wharf, and embarked for\\nthe prize. The party consisted of Gen. J. Bankhead Magruder,\\nhis adjutants Captains Turner and Foster, and myself and boat s\\ncrew. I was steering the gig and so shaped our course as to pass\\nwithin about fifty feet of the Owasco, on the port side. As we\\npassed her I raised my cap, the General and staff officers fol-\\nlowed suit, and the captain and officers on board the Owasco\\nacknowledged the salute. A few strokes of the oars left the ves-\\nsel astern.\\nCommodore Smith had caused the Lane to be docked, and\\nwhen we arrived at that vessel s side he was in a very audible\\nvoice counting the prisoners as they were passed ashore.\\nThe General. Captains Turner, Foster, and myself, went on\\nboard the Lane and visited the cabin, where we had a very social\\nchat.\\nAn answer was due from Captain Law at 9 o clock, and it\\nwas near that hour, so I informed the General, who thereupon\\nsaid to me Tell them, sir, that we have two more rams coming\\ndown the bay, and now in sight, a large land force in reserve,\\nand nothing remains for them to do but to surrender. Turning\\naround, the General saw Col. Tom Green, and said Colonel, go\\nwith Captain Lubbock. Lieutenant Shephard, Colonel Green s\\naide, was at his request permitted to accompany us.\\nWe started down the bay and caught up with the Owasco, then\\nunder way (with a white flag at her masthead), slowly feeling\\nher way out of the harbor.\\nWe boarded her, and I said to Captain Wilson I expected to\\nfind you at anchor; the time of stipulation is not up.\\nHe replied You are mistaken, sir you entered into no stip-\\nulation with me. On reflection, I acknowledged mv error.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0487.jp2"}, "488": {"fulltext": "446 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nWe left the Owasco and pulled for and boarded the Clifton\\nwhile she was slowW steaming out of the bay, with a flag of\\ntruce il^ang at her masthead.\\nI asked Captain Law where he was going.\\nTo sea/ was his answer.\\nYou are breaking the stipulation, was my rejoinder.\\nNo, sir I am acting under orders of my senior.\\nCaptain Law evidently alluded to Captain Renshaw of the\\nUnited States steamer Westfield, whom he consulted after the\\ndemand was made for surrender.\\nThe Westfield was aground off Pelican Spit at the time she\\nwas communicated with by Captain Law. The tide was then\\nrunning ebb, and it was impossible to get her afloat. The work\\nof transferring the officers and men of the Westfield to the sail-\\ning ship was commenced prior to Captain Law leaving the West-\\nfield and returning to his vessel, the Clifton. Captain Renshaw\\nand a boat s crew remained on the Westfield for the purpose of\\ndestroying the vessel rather than let her fall into our hands.\\nIn accomplishing the destruction of the vessel the captain lost\\nhis own life and the lives of a portion of his boat s crew. After\\npulling away from the vessel, he returned to it, the magazine\\nnot having blown up as he had planned. Just as he and his men\\nstepped on board to examine the fuse, the explosion occurred.\\nThis incident transpired while the flag of truce was flying.\\nWhile Captain Law and I were talking, the Clifton was pro-\\nceeding rapidly through the water and was soon at the bar buoy.\\nI here noticed that Shepherd was showing signs of seasickness,\\nand requested Law to slow down so that I could leave the ship.\\nThe vessel s headway was checked, and Colonel Green, Lieuten-\\nant Shepherd and mj^self left the Clifton, and the last incident\\nof the battle of Galveston was closed.\\nI felt then, as I do now, that it was not a manly act to leave\\nthe harbor with the flag of truce flying.\\nOn my return to the Lane. I found the Federal officer whom\\nI had left with Captain Law for the purpose of accompanying\\nhim to Captain Renshaw. This officer s conduct was in sharp\\ncontrast with that of his superior. He had pledged his word to\\nreturn, and had done so, pulling with a pair of sculls a small", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0488.jp2"}, "489": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 447\\ndingey from the Westfield to the Lane. I regret that I do not\\nremember this officer s name. My impression is that it was\\n*Hanna, and his home Boston.\\nIt would be a matter of considerable historical interest to give\\nthe names of all those who were on the Bayou City during the\\nconflict. I regret that I can not supply them. I recollect the\\nnames of a few, however, and give them below Captain Leon\\nSmith, commodore of the Confederate fleet Henry S. Lubbock,\\ncaptain of the Bayou City; L. C. Hershberger, chief engineer;\\nJohn Curly, second engineer; Evans, third engineer;\\nHaughwout, fourth engineer; M. McCormick, John Paine, and\\nDrurie Specernagle, pilots, and John Donohue, fireman, the\\nlatter now living in this State. The military on board I have\\nalready mentioned.\\nThe United States steamer Cambria, from New Orleans, ar-\\nrived outside the bar January 2d, at 7 p. m., and cast anchor, as\\nno pilot appeared to conduct her in, and a high wind and heavy\\nsea rendered it unsafe to attempt an entrance into the harbor.\\nThis vessel had on board two companies of the First Texas cav-\\nalry, horses of the Second Vermont artillery, and a great num-\\nber of men, women, and children Union refugees who had pre-\\nviously left Texas. The captain of the Cambria, ignorant of the\\nConfederate occupation of Galveston, and eager to effect an an-\\nchorage inshore, dispatched a boat with six men the next after-\\nnoon (two soldiers and four refugees) to the city for a pilot.\\nOn the 3d of January, says General Magruder, (I then on\\nboard the Harriet Lane), a yawlboat containing several men, in\\ncommand of a person named Thomas Smith, recently a citizen\\nof Galveston, and who had deserted from our army, was reported\\nalongside. He informed me that he was sent from the United\\nStates transport-steamship Cambria (then off the bar) for a\\npilot, and that they had no idea of the occupation of the city\\nby us.\\nI forthwith ordered a pilot boat, under command of Captain\\nJohnson, to bring in this ship but, through a most extraordinary\\ncombination of circumstances, the vessel (which contained E. J.\\nDavis and many other apostate Texans, besides several hundred\\ntroops and 2500 saddles for the use of native sympathizers) suc-\\nceeded in making her escape.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0489.jp2"}, "490": {"fulltext": "448 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThe man Smith, who had, it is said, several times set fire to\\nthe city of Galveston before he deserted, had been known as\\nNicaragua Smith, and was dreaded by every one. He returned\\nto Galveston to act as Federal provost marshal. His arrival pro-\\nduced much excitement. Smith, the deserter, was tried\\nregularly the next day before a general court martial, and, being\\nconvicted of deserting to the enemy, was publicly shot in Galves-\\nton, in accordance with his sentence.\\nThe pilot boat went out under the command of a gallant\\nsailor, Captain Payne, of Galveston. The enemy s ship proved\\nto be a splendid iron steamer, built on the Clyde. I had ascer-\\ntained from her men taken ashore that she had only two guns,\\nand they were packed on deck under a large quantity of hay, and\\nI anticipated an easy conquest and one of great political impor-\\ntance, as this ship contained almost all the Texans out of the\\nState who had proved recreant to their duty to the Confederacy\\nand to Texas. The pilot boat was allowed to get close to the ship,\\nwhen the boat was hailed and the pilot ordered to come on board.\\nHe hesitated, but was compelled finally to go aboard, and the ship\\nthen steamed away with him, leaving the pilot boat and crew un-\\nmolested. An effort was made to repair the disabled Harriet\\nLane in time to effect the capture of the Cambria but it failed\\nfor the want of proper workmen. The Cambria met the United\\nStates war vessel Brooklyn the next day and disclosed the situ-\\nation at Galveston.\\nGen. N. P. Banks says in his official report, after giving a brief\\naccount of the Federal disaster at Galveston\\nI desire to call your attention now to the position of General\\nHamilton, not for the purpose of troubling you with the respon-\\nsibilities connected therewith, which I am willing to assume my-\\nself, but to protect my administration from infamous calumnia-\\ntions propagated by men on his staff. My intercourse with the\\nGeneral has been pleasant. He is not a bad man, but lacks deci-\\nsion and force of character. I have treated him with profound\\nrespect, up to the line of my duty. I did not, however, proclaim\\nto him, nor to those associated with him, my destination. They\\nascertained that for the first time when we were in New Orleans.\\nOn our passage I was unable to attend to business, and passed", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0490.jp2"}, "491": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 449\\nwith him only such courtesies as I was able to offer my own offi-\\ncers and to my friends on board. Upon our arrival here, I im-\\nmediately gave him a full statement of my orders and of my pro-\\nposed action. He was entirely satisfied; indeed, no gentleman\\ncould have been dissatisfied, so full, frank, and truthful was my\\nstatement of my plans and my orders. His impatience, and the\\nviolence of those about him, led me sooner to send a detachment\\nof troops to Galveston than I should otherwise have done, and is\\nimmediately the cause of the small loss the army has sustained\\nthere. This was, however, upon consultation with Admiral Far-\\nragut and General Butler, and the fullest confidence that our\\ntroops would be safe under the protection of the fleet.\\nGeneral Hamilton is surrounded by men who are here for the\\nbasest mercenary purposes. Disappointed in their objects, they\\nhave been unsparing in their denunciations of the government,\\nand especially of myself. They came on board the government\\ntransport Illinois without my knowledge and against my orders,\\nand, as General Hamilton has said to me, have influence over him\\nin consequence of pecuniary advances made to him while in the\\nNorth. I desire it to be understood by the government that any\\nrepresentations made by them to the government or the people\\nwill be, at least, only a partial statement of the truth, if they be\\nnot entirely false. The strongest government in the world would\\nbreak down under such a system of plunder as they desire to or-\\nganize. If the whole State were for the Union, it would turn\\nagainst the government if the purposes of such men were tol-\\nerated.\\nI know the difficulties of my situation, which are very nu-\\nmerous and very great, and intend to do my duty faithfully while\\nhere, a duty from which I would, in the failing condition of my\\nhealth, most gladly be relieved; but I can not suffer the inde-\\ncency, falsehood, and corruption of these men to go without\\ncheck. You need not be surprised, therefore, if they are ordered\\nto leave the department.\\nThe military gentlemen accompanying General Hamilton,\\nsent to him by Governor Andrew, are reputable men. They were\\ngreatly disappointed when they learned the destination of my\\nexpedition, and were severe, if not greatly unjust, in their cen-\\n29", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0491.jp2"}, "492": {"fulltext": "450 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsures upon all concerned. My belief is that their opinion con-\\ncerning Texan affairs is essentially changed since the recent\\ndisaster.\\nIn repl}^ under date of January 18, 1863, Gen. H. W. Halleck\\ninformed Banks that the Secretary of War had ordered General\\nHamilton s commission as Governor of Texas revoked.\\nFour days after the battle of Galveston, General Magruder\\nissued the following proclamation\\nHd q rs. Dist. of Texas, ISTew Mexico, and Arizona,\\nGalveston, Texas, Jan. 5, 1863.\\n^Vhereas, the undersigned has succeeded in capturing and\\ndestroying a portion of the enemy s fleet, and in driving the\\nremainder out of Galveston harbor and beyond the neighboring\\nwaters, and thus raising the blockade virtually\\nHe, therefore, proclaims to all concerned that the harbor of\\nGalveston is open for trade to all friendly nations, and their\\nmerchants are invited to resume their usual intercourse with this\\nport.\\nDone at Galveston, this the fifth day of January, eighteen\\nhundred and sixty-three.\\nJ. Bankhead Magruder,\\nMajor- General Commanding.\\nWhich brought forth the following\\nTJ. S. Steam Sloop Brooklyn,\\nOff Galveston, Jan. 20, 1863.\\nWhereas, a proclamation dated Galveston, Texas, January 4,\\n1863, and signed by J. Bankhead Magruder, major-general com-\\nmanding, declares the said port of Galveston to be open for trade\\nwith all friendly nations, and invites their merchants to resume\\ntheir usual commercial intercourse with the said port of Galves-\\nton therefore, the undersigned hereby warns all concerned that\\ns Banksina general report, April 6, 1865, says: I regarded the\\nloss of Galveston, in its consequences, though not in the iucidents im-\\nmediately attending its capture, as the most unfortunate affair that oc-\\ncurred in the department during my command. Galveston, as a mili-\\ntary position, was second in importance only to New Orleans or Mobile.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0492.jp2"}, "493": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 451\\nthe port of G-alveston, and also Sabine Pass, as well as the coast\\nof Texas, are under an actual blockade by a sufficient force of\\nUnited States vessels; and an}- merchant vessel appearing off\\nthe aforesaid ports, or attemptino; to pass out from the said ports,\\nunder any pretext whatever, will be captured, notwithstanding\\nthe aforesaid proclamation, and sent into an open port of the\\nUnited States for adjudication. H. H. Bell,\\nComm., Com d g. U. S. Forces off Galveston and Coast of\\nTexas.\\nOn the entry of his forces the morning of the battle, Magruder\\noffered the use of his ambulances to the Ursuline nuns in order\\nthat they might remove to a place of safety. But, says the\\nGeneral, the noble women of the convent expressed a\\npreference to remain and nurse the wounded, offering their build-\\ning as a hospital. The wounded of the enemy were con-\\nducted to the same hospital, and the same attentions were be-\\nstowed on them as if they had been our own men. Captain Wain-\\nwright and Lieutenant Lea, of the Federal navy, were buried\\nwith masonic and military honors in the same grave in Galves-\\nton cemetery. Major Lea, of the Confederate army, father of\\nLieutenant Lea, performing the funeral services.\\nWhile Magruder was strengthening his coast defenses against\\nthe probable return of the Yankees, congratulations on his great\\nvictory poured in upon him from almost every quarter. Doubt-\\nless, the most valued of these testimonials were those from the\\nhero of San Jacinto and from President Davis. General Hous-\\nton wrote to him from Huntsville, January 7, 1863\\n^t gives me great pleasure to mingle my congratulations with\\nthe many thousands that you have received. You, sir, have in-\\ntroduced a new era in Texas by driving from our soil a ruthless\\n^o President Davis, in his Rise and Fall of the Confederate Govern-\\nment (volume 1, page 233), says of the distinguished Federal dead:\\nThe conduct of Commander Renshaw towards the inhabitants of Gal-\\nveston had been marked by moderation and propriety, and the closing\\nact of his life was one of manly courage and fidelity to the flag he bore.\\nCaptain Wainwright and Lieutenant Lea, who fell valiantly de-\\nfending their ship, were buried in the cemetery with the honors of war.\\nThus was evinced that instinctive respect which true warriors always\\nfeel for their peers.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0493.jp2"}, "494": {"fulltext": "452 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nenemy. You deserve, sir, not only my thanks, but the thanks of\\nevery Texan. Your advent was scarcely known in Texas, when\\nwe were awakened from our reverie to the realities of your splen-\\ndid victory. Its planning and execution reflect additional credit\\non your former fame, as well as upon the arms of Texas.\\nMost sincerely do we trust that a new era has now dawned\\nupon us, and that you may be enabled again to restore to Texas\\nher wonted security. We hope that Texas, with so gallant a\\nleader as you are. General, will yet show to the world that she is\\ncapable of defending her own soil, notwithstanding she has been\\ndrained of her only resources, which had been transferred to other\\nbattlefields. You will find that all Texans want is a general who\\nis capable of leading them to victory; and now, having obtained\\nthat, I hope you will ever find them ready to second your efforts,\\nand that your future may be as glorious as your past.\\nWhen you arrived here. General, you found our country with-\\nout an organization, without plans for our defense, and our situ-\\nation most deplorable. What few resources we had were without\\norganization, without discipline, and without anything that was\\ncalculated to render what we had efficient. You have breathed\\nnew life into everything you have illustrated to them what they\\ncan do, and most sincerely do I trust that the past may only be\\nthe dawning of the future, and I pray that und6r the guidance\\nof a Divine Being you may be enabled to carry out the regenera-\\ntion of Texas. It would give me pleasure. General, to call and\\npay my respects to you, were it not that I have but recently\\narisen from a sick-bed.\\nPresident Davis wrote to him, January 88, 1863, from Rich-\\nmond\\nI am much gratified at the receipt of your letter of January\\n6th, conveying to me the details of your brilliant exploit in the\\ncapture of Galveston and the vessels in the harbor. The boldness\\nof the conception and the daring and skill of the execution were\\ncrowned by results substantial as well as splendid. Your success\\nhas been a heavy blow to the enemy s hopes, and I trust will be\\nvigorously and effectively followed up. It is to be hoped that\\nyour prudence and tact will be as successful in allaying domestic\\ndiscontents as your military ability in retrieving our position on\\nthe Texas coast.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0494.jp2"}, "495": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 41^\\nYour suggestions^^ will receive the favorable consideration\\ndue to you.\\nThe congratulations I tender to you and your brave army\\nare felt by the whole country. I trust your achievement is but\\nthe precursor of a series of successes which may redound to the\\nglory and honor of yourself and our country.\\nI wrote to General Magruder from Austin, January 6th:\\nPermit me to congratulate you and the brave officers and men\\nunder your command upon the brilliant achievement with which\\nyou inaugurate the new year. I think I am not vain in char-\\nacterizing it as the most dashing affair of the war. You have\\nfixed yourself permanently in the hearts of the Texans. This\\nwar has demonstrated that our soldiers are not disposed to cal-\\nculate the odds against them; but this affair satisfies me that,\\nworthily led, they will walk over every obstacle. The troops un-\\nder your command have proved themselves the worthy comrades\\nof the noble Texas brigade in Virginia.\\nAmong the spoils captured at Galveston were 600 barrels of\\nIrish potatoes, which I requested the general to reserve as seed,\\nto be distributed among the people for planting; but I heard\\nnothing more of the potatoes. They were doubtless appropriated\\nas rations for the troops.\\nGeneral Magruder wrote to me, under date of February 11,\\n1863, acknowledging receipt of my letter, saying, among other\\nthings\\nIt gives me pleasure to be able to announce to you, as I now\\ndo, that the coast of Texas is occupied, and free for the occupa-\\ntion of our troops, from the Sabine to the Rio Grande that the\\nenemy has no longer a foothold on the soil of Texas, and that\\nhis blockading squadrons are his best ships, which keep at a\\nrespectful distance from our shores; that the Rio Grande, the\\nfrontier so vital to us, is strongly held by men and guns, and that\\nI now entertain great hopes that I shall be able to fortify it so\\nas to render it very difficult, if not impossible, for the enemy to\\ntake it from us.\\n1 These suggestions were submitted to the President in a letter\\ndated January 6, 1863, and outlined a plan for the defense of the Texas\\ncoast.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0495.jp2"}, "496": {"fulltext": "454 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nI hope ere long to have a fleet of war vessels on that river,\\nwhich will insure great security in that direction.\\nTo the heroic Captain Leon Smith, skillfully and bravely\\nsupported by Captains Lubbock and Sangster of the Bayou City\\nand Neptune, and to the gallant Texans under their devoted\\nleaders. Colonels Green and Bagby, and Captains Weir, Martin,\\nSnyder, and Harby, we are indebted for the glorious initiative of\\nthis campaign.\\nHe then gave information of a better state of feeling in pre-\\nviously disafEected counties (Austin, Fayette, and others), and\\nof his having sent the militia to their homes.\\nThis reference to disaffected counties requires a word of ex-\\nplanation. The counties alluded to were principally populated\\nby Germans. Many of these had either left the land of their\\nbirth to escape political persecution or were the descendants of\\nmen who had participated in the struggle for German freedom\\nin 1848, and (that noble effort failing) sought an asylum in the\\nmighty bosom of Texas. All such heartily sympathized with the\\nSouth in the defensive war she was waging, and not a few enlisted\\nin the Confederate army and did valiant service in the field. But\\nthere was another very large class, tainted with Union proclivi-\\nties, and it was thought that had Banks succeeded in invading\\nTexas they would have risen in arms and aided him.\\nThe blockading fleet under Commodore H. H. Bell resumed\\nits station off Galveston in about a week after the battle there.\\nThe Yankees, out of humor about their defeat, were disposed to\\nget even with the Texans in any way possible. So on the after-\\nnoon of January 10th their vessels moved up closer to the island,\\nthe Brooklyn (the flagship) opposite Fort Point; the gunboat\\nSciota one mile west, and the gunboat Uncas one mile west from\\ntlie Sciota. Without a moment s notice to remove the women and\\nchildren, these vessels opened simultaneous fire, the Brooklyn\\nand Sciota on Fort Point and the Uncas on the south battery and\\nthe city, into which thirty-six shots were fired. Colonel Cook\\nhurried one of the Nichols guns to the south battery, fired four\\nshots with telling effect, and compelled the enemy to draw off.\\nAlthough thus compelled to beat an inglorious retreat, the enemy\\nwere doubtless well pleased with their success in driving the\\nwomen and children out of town. Many buildings were struck,\\nbut without serious damage, and there were many narrow", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0496.jp2"}, "497": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 455\\nescapes, but no lives were lost. Hundreds of noncombatants, in-\\ncluding women and children, spent the night on the prairie with-\\nout food or shelter of any kind.\\nThe next night (Sunday the 11th), the Yankees were, by way\\nof amusement, throwing an occasional shell into the helpless city\\nwhen the avenger, Captain Semmes, with the Alabama, hove in\\nsight. He was at this time cruising on our coast on the look-\\nout for the transports of the Banks expedition to Texas. Not\\nknowing of our recapture of Galveston and the frustration\\nthereby of that expedition, he came suddenly upon five Federal\\nwar vessels near the island. At this moment he saw a shell from\\none of the Federal steamers burst over the city, and ot once\\nrealized that Galveston was again in the hands of the Confed-\\nerates. The Alabama began to back off, and was closely followed\\nby one of the blockading vessels.\\nAdmiral Semmes says, in his Service Afloat At length,\\nwhen I judged that I had drawn the stranger out about twenty\\nmiles from his fleet, I furled my sails, beat to quarters, prepared\\nmy ship for action, and wheeled to meet him. The two ships\\nnow approached each other very rapidly. As we came within\\nspeaking distance, we simultaneously stopped our engines, the\\nships being about one hundred yards apart. The enemy was the\\nfirst to hail. What ship is that? cried he. This is her Bri-\\ntannic majesty s steamer Petrel, we replied. We now hailed in\\nturn, and demanded to know who he was. We heard\\nthe words, This is the United States ship But\\nwe had heard enough. All we wanted to know was that the\\nstranger was a United States ship, and therefore our enemy.\\nPresently the stranger hailed again, and said, If you\\nplease, I will send a boat on board of you. We replied,\\nCertainly, we shall be happy to receive your boat. While the\\nYankees were lowering their boat. Captain Semmes ordered his\\nfirst lieutenant to tell the enemy who they were. Lieutenant Kell\\nnow sang out in his powerful clarion voice, through his trumpet\\nThis is the Confederate States steamer Alabama, and turning\\nto the crew, who were all standing at their guns (the gunners\\nwith their sights on the enemy and lockstrings in hand), gave\\nthe order, Fire Away went the broadside in an instant, our\\nlittle ship feeling perceptibly the recoil of her guns.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0497.jp2"}, "498": {"fulltext": "456 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nAs a matter of course our guns awakened the echoes of the\\ncoast far and near, announcing very distinctly to the Federal\\nadmiral, Bell, a Southern man who had gone over to the en-\\nemy, that the ship which he had sent out to chase the strange\\nsail had a fight on her hands. He immediately, we afterwards\\nlearned, got under way, with the Brooklyn (his flagship) and\\ntwo others of his steamers, and came out to the rescue.\\nOur broadside was returned instantly, the enemy, like our-\\nselves, having been on his guard, with his men standing at their\\nguns. The two ships, when the action commenced, had swerved\\nin such a way that they were now heading in the same direc-\\ntion the Alabama fighting her starboard broadside and her\\nantagonist her port broadside. Each ship, as she delivered her\\nbroadside, put herself under steam, and the action became a\\nrunning fight, in parallel lines, or nearly so, the ships now near-\\ning and now separating a little from each other.\\nMy men handled their pieces with great spirit and commend-\\nable coolness, and the action was sharp and exciting while it\\nlasted, which, however, was not very long, for in just thirteen\\nminutes after firing the first gun the enemy hoisted a light and\\nfired an off-gun as a signal that he had been beaten. We at once\\nwithheld our fire, and such a cheer went up from the brazen\\nthroats of my fellows as must have astonished even a Texan if\\nhe had heard it. We now steamed up quite close to the beaten\\nsteamer and asked her captain formally if he had surrendered.\\nHe replied that he had. I then inquired if he was in want of\\nassistance, to which he responded promtply that he was; that\\nhis ship was sinking rapidly, and that he needed all our boats.\\nThere appeared to be much confusion on board the enemy s ship\\nofficers and crew seemed to be apprehensive that we would permit\\nthem to drown, and several voices cried aloud to us for assist-\\nance at the same time.\\nThe beaten ship turned out to be the Hatteras, commanded\\nby Captain Blake, who, in referring to the conduct of Captain\\nSemmes, says: After considerable delay, caused by the report\\nthat a steamer was seen coming from Galveston, the Alabama\\nsent us assistance, and I have the pleasure of informing the de-\\npartment that every living being was conveyed safely from the\\nHatteras to the Alabama.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0498.jp2"}, "499": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. ASft\\nThe Hatteras was of 100 tons burden, and a larger vessel than\\nthe Alabama, but each carried the same armament eight guns.\\nThe crew of the Hatteras was 108 strong; that of the Alabama\\n110.\\nThe Yankees reported two killed and five wounded. The Con-\\nfederates had only one man wounded. Captain Semmes human-\\nity on this occasion contrasts strongly with Captain Winslow s\\nbarbarity toward the Alabama s drowning crew in the English\\nChannel in June, 1864, a year and five months later.\\nAs soon as the action was over, continues Captain Semmes\\nin his account of the defeat of the Hatteras, and I had seen the\\nHatteras sink, I caused all lights to be extinguished on board\\nmy ship, and shaped my course again for the passage of Yucatan.\\nIn the meantime the enemy s boat which had been lowered for\\nthe purpose of boarding me, pulled in vigorously for the shore as\\nsoon as it saw the action commence, and landed safely and Ad-\\nmiral Bell with his three steamers passed on either side of the\\nscene of action, the steamers having scattered in the pursuit\\nto cover as much space as possible. As one of the steam-\\ners was returning to her anchorage ofl^ Galveston the next morn-\\ning in the dejected mood of a baffled scout, she fell in with the\\nsunken Hatteras, whose royal masts were just above the water,\\nIt told the only tale of the sunken ship which her con-\\nsort had to take back to the admiral. The missing boat turned\\nup soon afterwards and the mystery was then solved.\\nIt had now become apparent that the Texas coast had no\\nlaurels for the Yankee naval commanders.\\nCommodore Bell, off Galveston, on January 21st, issued a\\nproclamation which recited that whereas the city of Galveston\\nwas held and occupied by Confederate troops who were erecting\\ndefenses in and around said city, in defiance of the laws of the\\nUnited States, foreign consuls, foreign subjects, and all other\\npersons concerned, were warned that the city and its defenses\\nwere liable to be attacked at any time by the forces under his\\ncommand, and that twenty-four hours were given, from 5 p. m.\\nthat day, for innocent and helpless persons to withdraw. This\\ncaused considerable excitement, and was followed by a stampede\\nof non-combatants.\\nThe spirits of the troops, however, were high, and they were", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0499.jp2"}, "500": {"fulltext": "458 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\neager for fight. One of the men wrote home Our batteries are\\nenlarged, improved, and greatly secured; our fleet-boats lie\\ndreamily upon the tide, but ready at any moment to growl forth\\nan angry defiance; our soldiers, confident in the skill, judgment,\\nand courage of our commanding general and the officers under\\nhim, regard the enemy outside the bar with a speculative eye,\\ncalculating the number of good coats aboard, variety of grub,\\nand the time of division.\\nOn the 29th the Brooklyn, with the gunboats Owasco, Katah-\\ndin, Sciota, and Itasca, attacked our batteries. The Brooklyn\\nopened fire with three well directed shots at Fort Scurry (situ-\\nated at the foot of Market Street), which was returned by a ten-\\ninch Columbiad, one shot passing close to one of the gunboats.\\nThe fight lasted an hour, the Federals firing forty-four shots,\\naimed chiefly at our defenses. A few, however (whether inten-\\ntionally or from the motion of the vessel is not known), were so\\ndirected that they struck in the city, causing some damage. Be-\\nyond the killing of one of our horses, there were no casualties\\non our side and, as far as known, none on that of the enemy.\\nIn a few days Colonel Cook, under a flag of truce, visited the\\nBrooklyn and was courteously received by Commodore Bell, who,\\non being informed that the hospitals (containing Confederate\\nand Federal wounded) were in range of the guns of the fleet,\\nand that many women and children were in the city, apologized,\\nsaying that the shells were not intentionally fired into Galveston,\\nbut had been aimed by the gunners at the Harriet Lane in the\\nharbor and the shore batteries.\\nCommodore Bell was also informed that, in the opinion of\\nthe foreign consuls the blockade, having been successfully broken,\\ncould not be re-established till they had communicated with their\\nrespective governments. To this last communication the commo-\\ndpre made no reply, but the shelling ceased.\\nThe Yankees being now on the defensive. General Magruder\\nwished to break the blockade off Sabine Pass, and for this pur-\\npose ordered Maj. 0. M. Watkins (one of his efficient staff offi-\\ncers) to collect and assemble in Sabine Eiver, and arm and man,\\nwhatever boats he could procure. Only two little steamboats\\nwere to be had. These were the Josiah Bell, once a packet on the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0500.jp2"}, "501": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 459\\nBrazos, and the Uncle Ben, a very light-draft boat that in good\\nstages ascended the Sabine as far as Smith County for cotton.\\nThese little stern-wheelers, when piled up with cotton, took on\\nboard their armaments and complements of men. The larger\\nvessel, the Josiah Bell, under Capt. Charles Fowler, carried a\\nthirty-two-poiinder and about 300 soldiers, principally from Sib-\\nley s veteran brigade while the Uncle Ben, under Captain John-\\nson, carried two eighteen-pounders and about 100 soldiers from\\nSpaight s battalion.\\nAll preparations having been completed, the improvised Con-\\nfederate flotilla, the flagship Bell leading the way, steamed down\\nthe river to the Pass during the forenoon of January 20, 1863.\\nKeeping quiet during the night, the expedition got under way\\nearly next morning, heading for the bar. Major, or Commodore\\nWatkins, as he may be properly called now, discovered a Federal\\nship and schooner in the offing, several miles away, and boldly\\nbore down on them.\\nThe Yankees, declining combat with such novel craft, turned\\nsail in flight. An exciting chase at once ensued, and continued\\nfar out into the open sea. When within five or six miles, at\\nabout 8 a. m., says Zack Sabel, the Bell opened fire with a\\nthirty-two-pound rifle-gun, called the Magruder. Our shot fell\\nshort and we ceased firing. A few minutes later the enemy s ship,\\nthe Morning Light, opened fire on the Bell with round shot, shell,\\nand grape, but all fell short. At the same time, the Bell stopped\\nfor the Uncle Ben to come up when both boats moved on to the\\nattack. At this time the Yankee shot and shell were flying thick\\naround the Bell. Next, the Yankee commander, finding our\\ntwo boats were closing on him, changed his position and paid his\\ncompliments to Uncle Ben in a discharge of guns at her. All the\\nwhile Lieut. K. W. Dowling (since famous for his defense of\\nFort Griffin), of the First Texas artillery. Cook s regiment,\\nwas doing good work with the Magruder, and meantime the\\nTiorse marines (Sibley s brigade) were pouring volley after vol-\\nley into the helpless crew of the ship. The schooner now dodged,\\ncoming from the lee of the ship, and fired one shot at the Bell,\\nwhich did not take effect. A little after 9 the Yankee ship\\nstruck her colors to the Bell, and simultaneously the schooner\\n(Velocity or Fairy) struck hers to the Uncle Ben. I can not", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0501.jp2"}, "502": {"fulltext": "460 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsay all that might be said in regard to the boarding. I received\\nthe swords of the Yankee captain and first lieutenant.\\nCapt. Chas. Fowler, of the Bell, behaved with great coolness,\\nas all who know him will readily believe, and gave his orders to\\nhis men to take good aim and waste no ammunition. The cap-\\ntain of the Uncle Ben (Captain Johnson) also deserves much\\ncredit for his cool intrepidity. Captain Odium stood firmly at\\nhis post, directing the Magruder in its work of destruction.\\nI took charge of the ship, by direction of Captain Fowler,\\nAfter the sails were furled and the ship was in tow of the Bell,\\nand the schooner of the Uncle Ben, I made examination of the\\nship s condition. I found one leak, but her hull had been hit\\nby a thirty-two-pound shell, which struck at the second porthole,\\non the port side, and exploded, killing one man and wounding\\nfive others. We have now brought the prizes all safe to the bar,\\nand are ready for another fight.\\nP. S. The names of the vessels captured are the Morning\\nLight and the Velocity, the former 1500 tons and the latter 75\\nor 80 tons. The ship is armed with eight thirty-two-pound\\nsmooth-bore guns. The schooner is armed with two twelve-\\npound brass howitzers. The schooner will make a good gunboat,\\nbut the ship is of too heavy draft for our use.\\nIn his official report of this engagement (dated January 24,\\n1863) General Magruder says:\\nI have the honor to report that Sabine Pass has been cleared\\nof the enemy, two gunboats which I fitted up on the Sabine hav-\\ning captured the enemy s blockading squadron, consisting of a\\ntwelve-gun ship-of-war and a schooner man-of-war of two guns,\\ncommanded by officers of the United States navy. Our boats\\npursued the enemy thirty miles at sea, during which time a run-\\nning fight was kept up. Finally getting them under fire of our\\nEnfield rifles, they surrendered and never turned back to the\\nPass.\\nThe expedition was under command of Maj. 0. M. Watkins,\\nof my staff, and was fitted out under my orders principally by\\nthe gallant Leon Smith, now in command of the Harriet Lane\\nand the rest of the war vessels in Galveston harbor.\\nMajor Watkins reports that he captured thirteen heavy guns,\\n129 prisoners, and $100,000 worth of stores.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0502.jp2"}, "503": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 461\\nThe commander of the Federal squadron reports that the\\nsevere naval engagement seen from Galveston Island a few nights\\nago was between the 290 and the United States war steamer\\nHatteras, and that the latter was sunk. Many fragments of the\\nsteamer floated ashore on (4alveston Island.\\nOur steamers in the late engagement were commanded by\\nCaptains Fowler and Johnson, sea captains of Texas, and manned\\nprincipally by volunteers from Pyron s regiment of cavalry,\\nCook s regiment of artillery, and Spaight s battalion of infan-\\ntry.\\nThe General further said: The perseverance, industry, and\\nfirmness of the commanding officer, Maj. Oscar M. Watkins, of\\nthe Provisional Army, were only equaled by his intrepidity, ad-\\nmirable coolness, and skill in battle. Entirely unaccustomed to\\nthe sea, his devotion overcame all obstacles. He was ably and\\nheroically seconded by Captains Fowler and Johnson, respective\\ncommanders of the steamers Bell and Uncle Ben; by Captains\\nOdium, O Bryan, Nolan, and Aycock, and Lieutenants Dowling\\nand Aikens, of the land forces, and by the engineers, pilots,\\ntroops and crews of the expedition. Our mortal foe is\\nagain gathering strength for another and still another blow but\\nthe commanding general of the army of Texas is confident that\\nhis troops will return their blows and will astonish still more\\ntheir enemies and the world by such evidences of skill and auda-\\ncity as shall make Texan a better word than Spartan.\\nIn concluding his report General Magruder recommended that\\nMajor Watkins be made lieutenant-colonel in the assistant ad-\\njutant-general s department, with orders to report to him, and\\nthat Maj. A. M. Lea, well known to the President as a graduate\\nof West Point of great merit, be made colonel.\\nMajor Lea was then under orders to take command of a corps\\nof engineers on the Rio Grande, on which river the General was\\nendeavoring to fit out a fleet of four gunboats.\\nA month of incessant preparation by Magruder, and now be-\\nhold the results of another month of active fighting\\nThe destruction or expulsion of the enemy s land and naval\\nforces at Galveston and the permanent occupation of the island\\nand the eastern coast bv the Texans.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0503.jp2"}, "504": {"fulltext": "462 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThree successive repulses of Yankee naval attacks on a city\\nbefore pronounced untenable.\\nThe utter destruction of the blockading fleet off Sabine Pass\\nb}^ our river cotton-clads thirty miles from land.\\nThe raising of the blockade on the Texas coast from the\\nBrazos eastward.\\nThe enthusiasm of our troops raised to the highest pitch, and\\na feeling of confidence and hope restored to the people, much de-\\npressed by the do-nothing policy of his predecessor.\\nThe moral effects were not the least important of the results of\\nthe campaign.\\nWhile perfecting, under his own direction, an elaborate sys-\\ntem of fortifications in Galveston Bay, the General had also\\nunder serious contemplation the practicability of guarding the\\nsouthwest frontier of the Confederacy with a fleet of cotton-clad\\ngunboats on the Rio Grande.\\nThe Texans were now on the aggressive there was little repose\\nfor our wearied troops, and none for Magruder s indefatigable\\nmind, ever on the alert to strike the assailable points of the\\nenemy.\\nTo what cause or causes shall the accomplishment of these\\nsplendid results in so short a time be justly assigned?\\nNot to any change in the attitude of the executive, for at all\\ntimes and on all occasions I co-operated to the fullest extent of\\nmy power, no less with Hebert than with Magruder. Only I\\ncould never find Hebert ready. Not to any difference in the men,\\nfor they were all of the same mold as those who carried Ben\\nMilam into Bexar and Houston into Santa Anna s camp.\\nIn my mind the cauSe was a difference in the military\\ncommanders, the difference between a theorist and a proficient\\nin the art of war.\\nThe Texans had at last found a leader worthy of their confi-\\ndence.\\nIt is not hazarding much to say that this month s campaign\\n(January, 18G3) is the most brilliant in the annals of Texas.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0504.jp2"}, "505": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 463\\nCHAPTEE TWENTY-FIVE.\\nExtra Session of the Legislature My Message in Part Lincoln s\\nEmancipation Proclamation and the Negro Question The Texas\\nQuota to the War The Frontier Regiment Tankee Prisoners\\nThe Support of Families of Texas Soldiers Domestic Manufacto-\\nries Barbarities of the Enemy in Louisiana and President Davis\\nPolicy of Retaliation Frontier Defense.\\nOur newspapers agitated the subject of an extra session of the\\nLegislature on account of the slow response to my last call for\\ntroops, and to meet, by retaliatory legislation, the probable con-\\nsequences of Lincoln s preliminary emancipation proclamation\\nissued in September, 1862.\\nConvinced of its necessity, I issued a call December 30, 1862,\\nfor an extra session of the Legislature, to convene on the second\\nday of February, 1863, assigning no other reason than that, in\\nmy opinion, the condition of public affairs, both State and Con-\\nfederate, rendered it necessary.\\nBefore the Legislature met Lincoln issued his proclamation\\ndeclaring all slaves within the Confederate lines free, and incit-\\ning them to servile insurrection by advising them to commit no\\nmore violence than was necessary to assert and secure their free-\\ndom.\\nIt became at once a matter of some concern to us to know what\\neffect the proclamation would have upon the negroes, as it could\\nnot be kept concealed from them, and also to know what policy\\nthe Yankee armies would pursue in aid of the proclamation.\\nThe need for prompt and effective legislation was pressing.\\nThe members came in slowly, and organization was not perfected\\nuntil the 5th.\\nThe personnel of the Legislature had undergone great changes,\\nso many of the original members having gone to the war. The\\ncircumstances were also vastly different.\\nThe regular session adjourned with the hope of an early recog-\\nnition of our independence, and consequent peace but a death\\ngrapple with the enemy for twelve months had followed, and the\\nstruggle was still in progress and its issue doubtful.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0505.jp2"}, "506": {"fulltext": "464 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nNashville, Memphis, and New Orleans had been occupied, the\\nborder States overrun, and virtual control of the Mississippi se-\\ncured by the enemy. Only the fortresses of Vicksburg and Port\\nHudson on the great river were left to us. Our many brilliant\\nvictories, dearly bought with the blood of our bravest and best,\\nhad only checked, without turning back, the overwhelming ad-\\nvance of the Yankees.\\nWhile the great body of our people in Texas, with the pluck\\ncharacteristic of the stock, were still undaunted and had nerved\\nthemselves for any sacrifice for the cause of independence, there\\nwere unmistakable signs of a latent dissatisfaction at the exist-\\ning state of things, if not a positive disloyalty to the Confed-\\neracy. Our late reverses in the north and east had given these\\ntraitors an audacity not entirely repressed by the late glorious\\ncampaign on the coast.\\nThe Legislature having assembled in extra session, I sent into\\nthe two houses a carefully prepared message, the following ex-\\ntracts from and summarizations of which will, perhaps, prove\\ninteresting to the reader, as they will give him a good idea of the\\ncondition of the country at that time\\nI said in the opening paragraph: It being my duty to con-\\nvene the Legislature in extraordinary session when deemed essen-\\ntial for the public good, I have called you together at this mo-\\nmentous crisis to receive your aid and co-operation in the adop-\\ntion of such additional measures as may be esteemed of vital\\nimportance to the country. And continued\\nThe Texas Republican of February 19, 1863, said editorially: We\\nhave read with great pleasure the messag-e of Governor Lubbock to the\\nLegislature now in session at Austin, and have only to regret that our\\nspace will not permit its publication entire in our columns. While we\\nmay not agree with all its suggestions and recommendations, there are\\nso many that are valuable, it contains such evidence of profound reflec-\\ntion upon the condition of the country and the difficulties that environ\\nus, it breathes such a pure and lofty spirit of patriotism, that we feel\\ninvoluntarily drawn by the strongest bonds of sympathy towards its au-\\nthor, and we can not but regret that we ever had occasion, or thought\\nwe had occasion, to censure him.\\nAs a State paper it will be regarded, in our judgment, as among\\nthe very best that have been produced during the war. We have seen\\nno message emanating from any Governor in the Confederacy that ex-\\ncels it, or is entitled to a higher meed of praise. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0506.jp2"}, "507": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 465\\nSince your adjournment the war has been prosecuted by our\\nvindictive and remorseless enemy with all the means and energy\\nat his command.\\nFailing in the clash of arms and shock of battle to conquer\\nand subdue our people, no expedient, however miserable, con-\\ntemptible, and despicable, has been left untried by him to induce\\nthe citizens of the Confederate States to throw off their allegiance\\nto the government of their choice, and espouse a cause they de-\\ntest and abhor. Whenever the fortune of war has placed any por-\\ntion of the Confederacy in his power, after exhausting every\\nmeans of persuasion, without success, to bring the people back\\nto their allegiance, he has resorted to the most unjust, oppres-\\nsive, and cruel measures, confiscation, imprisonment, and even\\nthe taking of life itself. Yet under all these trials our citizens,\\nwith a few dishonorable exceptions, have remained true and loyal\\nto the Confederacy.\\nFrom the very commencement of this war there has been a\\nstudied purpose on the part of Mr. Lincoln s government to\\nAfricanize the Southern Confederacy, which fact is now most\\nplainly developed in his proclamation of the 32d of September,\\n1862, in which he declares that all slaves shall be free in the\\nStates, or parts of States, found in rebellion after the 1st of\\nJanuary, 1863, and which proclamation has been approved and\\nsustained by the United States Congress, now in session, by the\\nfollowing resolution Resolved, that the proclamation of the\\nPresident, dated September 22, 1862, is warranted by the Con-\\nstitution; that the policy of emancipation, as indicated therein,\\nis well adapted to hasten the restoration of peace, is well chosen\\nas a war measure, and is an exercise of power with a proper re-\\ngard to the rights of citizens and the perpetuity of a free govern-\\nment.\\nI took occasion also to commend the action of President Davis\\nin outlawing Beast Butler.\\nOf Butler President Davis truthfully said: He has disgraced the\\ngovernment, for his government is great enough to be just: he has dis-\\ngraced his country, for his name barbs the scorn of foreign enemies and\\njustifies the severity of foreign friends: he has dishonored the chief\\nmagistrate by prescribing him to ministers of the gospel as the subject\\nof their compulsory prayers; he has disgraced his sex, for not even\\n30", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0507.jp2"}, "508": {"fulltext": "466 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nI trust your honorable body will fully endorse the action of\\nthe President and sustain the Confederate Congress in every\\nmeasure of retaliation that may be adopted against our foes, who\\nare, in effect, fighting us under the blackest and most damnable\\nof flags, a flag upon whose folds is inscribed his intention and\\ndesire to incite to servile war.\\nOur Confederate laws have proved impotent to stay the\\nprogress of negro emancipation wherever the Lincoln soldiers\\nhave gone.\\nWhile I recognize the right of the Confederate government\\nto dispose of prisoners of war taken by its armies, and that it\\nwould be impolitic and inadvisable for the State to interfere\\ntherewith, I yet think that where jjarties are taken upon our soil\\ncommitting murder and arson and inciting to rebellion our\\nservile population, the i^lea that they are soldiers of the United\\nStates government should not be allowed to save them from the\\nsame summary punishment as would be visited upon our own\\ncitizens, if convicted of the same nefarious crimes.\\nIt is too true we have to mourn the loss of many, alas, too\\nmany, of our best and bravest.\\nLet us, however, hope they have not died in vain, that for\\nevery drop of blood so shed in the cause of freedom an armed\\nman will spring up to do battle in this great struggle. Ijet us\\ncherish the memories of these heroes, and ever bear in remem-\\nbrance that it was for our country and for our liberties they\\nyielded up all that was dear to them upon earth. When peace\\nshall have been restored to our fair land, let their ashes repose\\nin the bosom of the State they loved so well, and upon whose\\nname their deeds have shed so imperishable luster.\\nLet a hundred columns mark the spots where rest their ashes,\\nthe tribute of a grateful people proud of their deeds, and let them\\nrecount to our children s children the names of the patriots who\\nyielded their lives a willing sacrifice upon the altars of Liberty.\\nwomen have been exempt from his cruelty. If it is possible, he has dis-\\ngraced himself, for the most subservient tool of Southern men and sub-\\nservient lauder of Southern institutions has become their most bitter\\nenemy, seeking a place for the heel of power where once he licked the\\nspittle of servility.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0508.jp2"}, "509": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 467\\nI beg leave to call your attention to the absolute necessity\\nthat exists of making further provision for the support of the\\nfamilies of those in the service. I am aware that counties have\\nbeen very liberally providing for them tlnis far. It is, however,\\nuseless to disguise the fact that this burden upon them must\\ndaily increase with the continuance of the war; and should the\\ncontest be prolonged to the end of the year, it will be necessary\\nthat thousands more of our citizens take the field, thus increas-\\ning the number of families in every county to be provided for.\\nIn addition to Avhat the counties may do, I am of opinion the\\nState should make a most liberal appropriation for this purpose.\\nThe troops in the field are the soldiers not of a particular county,\\nbut of the entire State, and it would be but equitable that the\\nState provide for their families. This plan would also seem just\\nin another view. Many counties with the smallest population are\\nthe most wealthy; they furnish but few soldiers, consequently;\\nwhile other small taxing counties have a large excess of men in\\nthe field, and therefore many more families to provide for;\\nhence, it is but just they should be cared for out of the public\\ntreasury. I am wedded to no particular plan by the operation of\\nwhich the relief sought is to be afforded, but I must earnestly ad-\\nvise that ample provision be made to ward off distress from the\\nfamilies of those who are nobly serving their country. That\\nthere will be destitution among them, unless such provision be\\nmade, there can be no doubt.\\nI recited at length what had been done in establishing hospital\\nfunds for the benefit of Texas soldiers in various parts of the\\nConfederacy, and commended the ladies for their noble work in\\nthe matter.\\nDiscussing another important subject, I said\\nIt may be urged that such legislative action (I had recom-\\nmended that farmers be required to plant a certain portion of\\ntheir lands in breadstuffs, and the acreage of cotton be restricted\\nto not exceeding three acres to the hand) would be an unwar-\\nrantable interference with a legitimate calling. I will, in reply,\\nsimj^ly say that self -preservation is the first law of nature; and\\nthe axiom may, I presume, with propriety be applied to com-\\nmunities and States as well as to individuals; and I am con-\\nvinced that, unless some such course be adopted, there will be", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0509.jp2"}, "510": {"fulltext": "468 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nfamine in the land; the cry for bread will be raised; suffering\\nwill ensue, and the bold and brave hearts, gallantly fighting the\\nfight of liberty, will be bound down and dispirited. Let me there-\\nfore urge upon your honorable body to give this matter your\\nmost serious attention, esteeming it, as I do, of supreme import-\\nance.\\n^In connection with the foregoing subject, it is with regret I\\ncall your attention to the very large number of distilleries now\\nin operation and being put in operation within the State. The\\nnumber that have sprung into operation since the commence-\\nment of the war might be deemed fabulous.\\nOn the 29th of May last I issued a proclamation ordering all\\nsuch establishments to be closed, deeming it of superior import-\\nance to preserve the grain for the use of the army and people and\\nsave our soldiery from the pernicious effects resulting from the\\nuse of intoxicating liquors. I was at the same time convinced\\nthat in portions of the State the crop would fall very short a\\nconviction since fully verified. Upon the issuance of that procla-\\nmation, most of the parties having distilleries desisted from their\\nuse, although some, I am informed, persisted in distilling.\\nI directed the brigadier-generals of the militia to enforce the\\nproclamation. In one instance the brigadier and all others, in-\\ncluding the executive, were enjoined from interfering with the\\ndistillery of the party who sued out the injunction and, inas-\\nmuch as I had concluded, at the time service of the writ was\\nmade upon me, to convene your honorable body, and as there ap-\\npeared to be some doubt as to my authority to suppress them, I\\ndetermined to submit this matter for your consideration.\\nIt is well known that these establishments daily come into\\ncompetition with the county courts and with individuals charged\\nwith the duty of providing for our poor and the families of our\\nsoldiers, and that in some sections of the State they have caused\\nthe price of corn to rise to double its value.\\nThe demoralizing effects of these distilleries, both upon our\\ntroops and people, are terrible, and I entreat you, in the name\\nof the mothers, wives, and children of those brave and noble\\nspirits now far from their homes, in the armies, and who look\\nto you to guard and protect them, to suppress this outrageous\\nconsumption of grain and iniquitous traffic until peace is con-\\ncluded.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0510.jp2"}, "511": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nMy conviction is, there is but one way to effect it. The execu-\\ntive must be invested with authority to close them by proclama-\\ntion; and, if disregarded, he must be empowered to do so by\\nmeans of a military force. The party who violates the proclama-\\ntion should also be liable to prosecution, and subjected to a heavy\\nfine and imprisonment a fine alone would be insufficient; the\\nenormous profit of the traffic would enable the party easily to\\nsatisfy the fine. Heavy penalties should also be imposed upon\\npersons introducing into the State during the war intoxicating\\nliquors, unless by special permit for medicinal purposes, for the\\nuse of the army hospitals.\\nI denounced extortioners and monopolists as our worst ene-\\nmies, saying in that connection: They croak and complain,\\nmake their purchases with gold, abuse and depreciate the Con-\\nfederate currency, so as to obtain immense profits, reinvest, and\\nso continue. In the language of President Davis, They\\nare men who can be reached by no moral influence, and are worse\\nenemies of the Confederacy than if found among the invading\\nforces. The armies in the field, as well as the families of the\\nsoldiers, and others of the people at home, are the prey of these\\nmercenaries, and it is only through State action that their traffic\\ncan be suppressed. Their condign punishment is ardently desired\\nby every patriot.\\nIn view of the increasing plethora of Confederate money in\\ncirculation, I recommended a higher rate of taxation, and also\\nfavored the funding system of the Confederacy, by which the\\ngovernment notes were withdrawn from circulation.\\nI recommended the passage of a law for the impressment of\\nslave labor for government work, and a law to deny all aliens who\\nrefused to fight for us the right to hold real estate and become\\ncitizens of Texas.\\nI approved the conscript law, and pledged myself to aid in its\\nenforcement.\\nI recommended that soldiers be allowed to vote wherever found\\nin the army.\\nAfter recounting my efforts and failures to have the frontier\\nregiment accepted by the Confederate government, I went on to\\nsay in my message\\nThis regiment has performed good and efficient service. It", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0511.jp2"}, "512": {"fulltext": "470 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nhas given the settlers confidence. Many good men have joined\\nthe Confederate service and gone beyond the limits of the State,\\nleaving their families and property, because they had confidence\\nin that organization and believed the State was determined to\\nprotect its frontier. These counties with their sparse population\\nhave nobly responded to the call of their country. They should\\nbe sustained. Unless protection be afforded them the frontier\\nmust recede, for just as soon as you fail to keep up a system of\\ndefense in your outer counties, the Indians will press forward\\nupon the interior, robbing and murdering.\\nThat it is the duty of the Confederate government to protect\\nour frontier there is and can be no question but it must be borne\\nin mind that we are now engaged in a desperate war, and that\\nthe government has need of every man she can procure to operate\\nagainst an enemy more barbarous than the Indian, hence the\\nnecessity of the State authorities to look to the safety of the peo-\\nple on her exposed borders. They must be protected at all\\nhazards and at any cost. Treasure must not weigh against the\\nblood of our women and children.\\nThe frontier regiment has entered the service for three years\\nor during the war, looking to its transfer to the Confederate\\nservice. They are willing and expect to be transferred, should it\\nbe the pleasure of your honorable body. With the exercise of the\\nmost rigid economy the expense of keeping the regiment in the\\nfield up to this time has been about $800,000. I beg leave to\\nsuggest the following plan for the protection of the frontier in\\naddition to what the Confederate government may do Let some\\ntwenty-five counties, on a line from the Eed River to the Rio\\nGrande, be selected appoint in each of such counties a captain\\nand twenty men (citizens of the same), who will be sworn in as\\nsoldiers for service on the border; pay to each of said captains\\n$750, and to each man $500 per annum; these troops to furnish\\ntheir own horses, arms, and subsistence appoint one or two com-\\nmissioners whose duty it shall be to travel along the line, receive\\nreports as to the management of the companies, their efficiency,\\nand the protection they afford, paying off the companies and\\nexercising a general supervision over the line.\\nThis plan would give about 500 men, and would not cost the\\nState exceeding $300,000 per annum, about one-fourth what it", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0512.jp2"}, "513": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 471\\nwill cost at the present enormous prices of subsistence, etc., to\\nkeep a regiment like the present in the field, and would, I be-\\nlieve, give protection and satisfaction to the settlers.\\nIt would take but a short time to perfect this system of de-\\nfense. We could then turn over the present regiment to the Con-\\nfederate government without much risk, and, whenever that gov-\\nernment should place upon the frontier a force adequate to its\\nprotection, we could disband any organization the State might\\nhave in service.\\nIn referring further to the conduct of the war, I said Since\\nthat time [i. e., a date specified. Ed.] Texas has placed in the\\nfield near seventy regiments of as good and true men as ever drew\\nsword or shouldered rifle in defense of liberty against tyranny.\\nFrom accurate data, Texas has furnished to the Confederate\\nStates military service thirty-three cavalry and ninety infantry\\nregiments, thirty of which (twenty-one cavalry and nine in-\\nfantry) have been organized since the requisition of February\\n3, 1863, for fifteen regiments, being the quota required from\\nTexas to make her quota equal to the quotas from other States;\\nbesides thirteen battalions, two squadrons, and six detached com-\\npanies of cavalry, and one legion of twelve companies of infantry,\\ntwo batteries, one company unattached, one legion of two bat-\\ntalions, and one light battery and one regiment of artillery and\\neleven light batteries, making 62,000 men, which, with the State\\ntroops in actual service, namely, 6500 men, form an aggregate\\nof 68,500 Texans in military service, constituting an excess of\\n4T73 over the highest popular vote, which was 63,727.\\nFrom the best information within reach of this department\\nupon which to base an estimate of the men now remaining in the\\nState between the ages of 16 and 60 years, it is thought that the\\nnumber will not exceed 27,000. I approved the recommendation\\nof the adjutant -general that these be enrolled for an emergency.\\nTo insure success, unity of purpose and action is absolutely\\nnecessary between the Confederate and State governments.\\nHence it follows that every act of any citizen or citizens calcu-\\nlated to weaken the influence of the government or its officers\\nThese practical sufrgestions of the Governor were not adopted, as\\nthe Legislature still hoped to transfer the frontier regiment to the Con-\\nfederate States.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0513.jp2"}, "514": {"fulltext": "472 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwith the people is, in my judgment (although it may be un-\\nwittingly), aid and comfort to the enemy. Therefore, since my\\nelevation to the executive chair my great aim has been to aid and\\nco-operate with the Confederate authorities in all things tending\\nto a proper and vigorous prosecution of the war.\\nI have had no desire to render myself conspicuous by disput-\\ning with the civil or military authorities of the Confederate gov-\\nernment on immaterial points but in every instance when there\\nhas been an apparent interference with the rights of the State, or\\nan encroachment upon the functions of the executive, the atten-\\ntion of the proper officers has been drawn to it, and the cause of\\ncomplaint has been promptly removed.\\nIn military matters there should be one sole head. Under\\nthe Constitution and laws I recognize President Davis as that\\nhead; and while he conducts his administration in conformity\\nto the Constitution and laws, he should be sustained by the offi-\\ncers, both State and Confederate, and by the people\\nThe old year closed brightly for us the new year opened most\\npropitiously. Let us be hopeful, watchful, prayerful, let each\\nand every one of us determine to forget self, and by his precepts\\nand example encourage every man in the broad land to devote\\nhimself, his means and ability, to the service of his country. Let\\nus give to our government, the government of our choice and of\\nour affections, an earnest support. Let us sustain and cherish\\nthat patriot warrior-statesman whom we unanimously elected to\\npreside over our destinies and to guide our ship of state through\\nthe turbulent sea of revolution, who, by his energy and devoted\\nassiduity to the welfare of the country and interests of the people,\\ndeserves a nation s gratitude. Let us with heart and soul resolve\\nto rally around those brave and gallant captains who daily lead\\nour invincible armies to victory. Let us continue to fill up their\\nranks, upon their demand, should it take our last man and our\\nlast dollar, looking neither to foreign nations nor the hostile\\nDemocracy of the ]STorth for aid. Depending alone upon God,\\nour strong arms, and brave hearts, victory will soon perch upon\\nour banners and an honorable peace be conquered.\\nsThe Henderson Times of May 1863, thus summarizes the work\\nof Governor Lubbock s administration. Ed.\\nUntil after his election to his present office Governor Lubbock was", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0514.jp2"}, "515": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 473\\nA whole book could be written upon the frontier of Texas and\\nthe brave men standing between our women and children and\\nthe tomahawks and scalping knives of the Indians, urged on by\\nbrutal emissaries to destroy civilization. These men remained\\non that line faithfully performing their duty, without the stimu-\\nby no means a favorite of ours, nor can we say that he is yet a great fa-\\nvorite; but that lie sliould have a place in the heart of every true Texan\\nand patriot we think is but his just desert. He took the helm of State\\nat a period pregnant with dark forebodings. Texas was threatened\\nwith invasion from the north, west, and east. Aside from this, a large\\nnumber of enemies to the Confederacy were scattered throughout the\\nState who were ready at the moment opportunity offered to join the\\nenemy and welcome him to our midst. In arms and munitions of war\\nwe were illy prepared to make successful resistance. To supply this de-\\nficiency Governor Lubbock went immediately to work. Shops for the\\nmanufacture of arms were established and put in operation in different\\nparts of the State, and so far as small arms are concerned we are now\\nin a condition to almost if not quite supply our own troops.\\nThe next great difficulty that presented itself was the lack of tents\\nand clothing for the army on this side the Mississippi. New Orleans\\nhad fallen, and the enemy had so nearly obtained control of the river as\\nto render it impracticable to obtain these supplies from the other side.\\nGovernor Lubbock saw the difficulty, and by the exercise of the greatest\\nenergy and perseverance succeeded in making great additions to the\\nmachinery in operation at the penitentiary in Huntsville. The demand\\nwas soon supplied. By the time this was accomplished, the families of\\nthose in the service were in many cases beginning to suffer for clothing.\\nBy renewed energy, means were provided to meet this emergency, and\\nthe cloth is now being delivered and will continue to be until the fam-\\nily of every soldier making application shall be supplied with their\\nquota.\\nTreasonable combinations and indications of insurrection were dis-\\ncovered in some parts of the State. How far the mischief extended was\\nonly a matter of conjecture. The only means of safety was for every\\ncounty to be in a condition to speedily suppress any outbreak of this\\nkind. To this end the Governor went to work and never ceased until\\nevery county applying was supplied with powder and lead.\\nBut if anything were lacking to entitle Governor Lubbock to the\\nundying gratitude of his countrymen and countrywomen, his last act\\nhas supplied the deficiency. The Military Board, of which he is the\\nhead, announce to the needy families of soldiers that they have pro-\\ncured a vast number of cotton cards for distribution, and that the same\\nare subject to the order of the county courts of every county in the\\nState.\\nIt is not alone from the fact that through the energy and industry\\nof our Governor so many pressing wants have been met, that he is en-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0515.jp2"}, "516": {"fulltext": "474 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nIlls of military glory or the prospect of military promotion that\\nwas felt by those on the more renowned battlefields of the large\\narmies.\\nThe protection of the frontier, always a question of great so-\\nlicitude, was peculiarly so during the war, recognizing as we did\\nthe danger of invasion by the Indian enemy, assisted by those\\ndetermined to lay waste our country. The cry was continually\\ncoming from the settler of the danger to his wife and children.\\nThe Legislature was slow at times to make the necessary appro-\\npriations for defense. The Confederate government was unable\\nto extend the necessary protection, and refused to take and sup-\\nport our magnificent frontier regiment with conditions looking\\nto their remaining on our line of defense. These facts, together\\nwith lack of arms and ammunition in that part of the country,\\nkept me anxious and active, knowing full well the importance of\\nmaintaining a barrier between the Indians and the settlements.\\nWhen retiring from office, I could but congratulate the people\\nand feel gratified to know that during my term so few depreda-\\ntitled to eulogy, but that the articles have been furnished at so low a\\nfigure, frequently not amounting to one-tenth the amount at which\\nspeculators sell the same articles.\\nIn but one case has Governor Lubbock failed to meet the emer-\\ngency and extend the necessary assistance; we allude to his failure to\\nput a stop to the destruction of breadstuffs in the manufacture of spir-\\nituous liquors. But the fault was not with him, but owing to the fact\\nthat he was not properly seconded by the people. All that one man\\ncould do he did, and when all other means failed, as a last resort he\\ncalled to his aid the Legislature, and failing to receive their assistance\\nof course he could but yield the palm to those who felt a greater inter-\\nest in the accumulation of fortunes for themselves than in the feeding\\nof the wives and children of those who are in the military service of the\\ncountry.\\nIt is true that Governor Lubbock has been greatly assisted in these\\nvarious undertakings for the good of the country, and others are entitled\\nto a share of the praise, but he has been the head and front, and the\\nactive mover in all of them.\\nSuch an officer is a boon to any State, and we can not but regret\\nthat he has determined not to be a candidate for re-election. Whether\\nhe continues in public or retires to private life, he has won for himself\\na name as a patriot and statesman that the malignity of his enemies\\nwill never be able to tarnish. We hope we may be able to say as much\\nfor his successor, whoever he may be.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0516.jp2"}, "517": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 475\\ntions were committed by the savages, and that no formidable\\nraids were made.\\nTo meet the requirements of the Confederate States army\\nregulations, that each regiment should be composed of ten com-\\npanies, I disbanded the frontier regiment, and on February 11,\\n1863, organized from the same material another regiment (com-\\nposed of ten companies), called the Mounted Eegiment of Texas\\nState Troops, and mustered them into the service of the State\\nfor three years, or during the war. The regiment, as thus re-\\norganized, was officered as follows\\nColonel, J. E. McCord; lieutenant-colonel, J. B. Barry; major,\\nW. J. Alexander; A. Q. M., W. W. Reynolds; A. C. S., C. T.\\nFreeman A. Q. M. G., Ben Henricks adjutant, A. H. See.\\nCaptain Company A, J. M. Hunter; captain Company B,\\nJohn Lawhorn.\\nFirst lieutenant company C, H. Ward; first lieutenant Com-\\npany D, J. T. Rowland; first lieutenant Company E, M. B.\\nLloyd first lieutenant Company F, H. T. Edgar first lieutenant\\nCompany G, N. White; first lieutenant Company H, R. M.\\nWhitesides first lieutenant Company I, J. J. Callan first lieu-\\ntenant Company K, W. G. O Brien.\\nIn remustering the regiment for three years, or the war, ex-\\npecting as I did to transfer it to the Confederate States, I\\nwaived the power of appointment vested in me by the law and\\ngave to the men the election of their field officers. I conceived it\\nwould prove more satisfactory, and it was a right they would\\nhave had in reorganizing a new regiment for Confederate service.\\nI am pleased to say that, in my judgment, they made a very good\\nselection of officers.\\nAn act was promptly passed defining the offense of inciting in-\\nsurrection and prescribing the punishment therefor. The pre-\\namble of the act was as follows\\nWhereas, in the prosecution of the unholy war now being\\nwaged by the United States against the Confederate States and\\nthe people thereof, our Enemies are seeking to bring upon us a\\nservile war by arming our slaves and placing them in the ranks\\nof their armies, as well as otherwise through the action of their\\ngovernment and the commissioned officers of their armies incit-\\ning insurrection r.nd insubordination therefore, be it enacted,\\netc.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0517.jp2"}, "518": {"fulltext": "476 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThe offense of iucitiug insurrection was defined to be, for any\\ncommissioned officer of the arm} navy, or marine service of the\\nUnited States, during the war, to invade or enter upon with hos-\\ntile intent, the territory or waters of this State, for the purpose\\nof accomplishing any of the objects denounced by the act. The\\nact further provided that any person so offending should, on con-\\nviction, be punished by confinement in the penitentiary not less\\nthan five nor more than fifteen years; and that onlv such per-\\nsons should be subject to be tried under its provisions as might\\nbe turned over by the Confederate authorities to the State, and\\nthat the persons so convicted should, at any time after conviction,\\nbe delivered on demand of the President to the Confederate\\nauthorities.\\nYankee officers continued to be brought in as prisoners, but\\nnone of them were ever tried for inciting insurrection. Indeed,\\nthe law was a dead letter from the start. The evil effects re-\\nsulting to us from the emancipation proclamation and the policy\\nsought to be enforced by the United States government were no-\\nwhere so great as ]\\\\Ir. Lincoln and his advisers had anticipated\\nfor, contrary to the general expectation in the North the negroes\\ndid not, on the approach of the Yankee armies, rise and massacre\\nthe whites indiscriminately, as had been done in Santo Dom-\\ningo.\\nIn my message I recommended the passage of an act to deprive\\nof all rights of citizenship persons taking the oath of allegiance\\nto the enemy, or who had left or might thereafter leave the coun-\\ntry to avoid military service, or who should join the enemy, or in\\nany way give them aid and comfort and the measure was\\npromptly enacted, to take effect from and after its passage. Un-\\nder its provisions prosecutions for these offenses were not barred\\ntill five years after the ratification of a treaty of peace between\\nthe Confederate States and the United States. It is needless to\\nstate that no prosecutions were instituted under this statute. In\\nour revolutionary struggle with Mexico we recognized the same\\noffenses in our legislation, with somewhat similar penalties.\\nBanks outrages in Louisiana and the authority he arrogated\\nto himself there to dispose of the property of Confederate\\nrefugees and others, led to the passage of an act at this session of\\nthe Legislature declaring void any sale made by the public enemy", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0518.jp2"}, "519": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 477\\nshould the Federals at any time thereafter occupy any portion of\\nthe territory of the State of Texas. This was a warning to all\\npurchasers at such sales, under the pretended authority of the\\nUnited States government. Under the confiscation acts of the\\nUnited States Congress, there was, presumably, to be wholesale\\nspoliation of the people of the South and sale of their property,\\nreal, mixed, and personal, whenever opportunity offered. Such\\nmiscreants as Butler urged the Federal representatives on to the\\npassage of such legislation and sought whenever they could to\\nenforce it. All disguise having been thrown off. Federal com-\\nmanders and soldiers now entered upon a career of rapine and\\nrobbery that has tarnished with a stain of ineffaceable dishonor\\nthe names and fame of all who prominently engaged in it.\\nThe Texas enactment was intended to meet a possible con-\\ntingency, and act as a counter-check.\\nIn the same line of legislation an act was passed making evad-\\ning, or assisting to evade, the conscript law a felony, punishable\\nby confinement in the penitentiary for a term of years not ex-\\nceeding five.\\nPerhaps the most important measure perfected at the session\\nwas An act to provide for the support of the families of Texan\\nsoldiers. This was a favorite measure that I had strongly\\nrecommended in my message. The original bill, after a hard\\nfight, went through, shorn of much strength by numerous amend-\\nments. Under its provisions $600,000 were set aside for the\\nneedy families of our soldiers, to be distributed by the county\\ncourts. The sum should have been much larger. Further to\\nprovide for the needs of our people at home and our men in the\\nfield, an act was passed appropriating $300,000 as a hospital fund\\nfor the sick and wounded Texan soldiers in the Confederate\\narmy another to regulate the distribution of cloth manufactured\\nat the State penitentiary among the families of soldiers in the\\nConfederate army, and others to punish any person or persons\\nwho should obtain goods from the penitentiary under false pre-\\ntenses, or speculate in goods obtained therefrom, and to enlarge\\nthe operations of the penitentiary, by authorizing the purchase\\nof additional machinery and the employment of outside labor.\\nTo get specie to pay interest on bonds held by creditors of the\\nState, the Military Board was authorized to sell cotton in Mexico.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0519.jp2"}, "520": {"fulltext": "478 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThe Treasurer was authorized to pay out Confederate treasury\\nnotes for civil and military purposes.\\nThe act to perfect the organization of State troops was so\\namended that, on call, the Governor might order into camps the\\nwhole militia force, preparatory to a draft for filling a requisi-\\ntion; the various drills previously prescribed were suspended\\nduring the war and exemptions were defined and enumerated\\nanew.\\nAll stay laws and statutes of limitation were definitely sus-\\npended by suitable enactment till after the war.\\nThe ad valorem State tax was raised from 25 cents to 50 cents\\non the $100. The additional burden was scarcely felt, owing to\\nthe plethora of Confederate and State paper money, made neces-\\nsary by the increasing expenditures of the war.\\nAs the war progressed, shutting off supplies from abroad, there\\narose a greater demand for factories. Among the companies\\nchartered by this Legislature were\\nThe Comal Manufacturing Company, with John F. Torrey,\\nHenry Eunge, Herman, A. H. Runge, and ouiers, as stock-\\nholders. Its object was the manufacture of cotton and woolen\\ngoods and such other articles as said company might at any time\\nchoose to manufacture. Located at New Braunfels. Capital\\nstock not to exceed $500,000.\\nThe Jackson Manufacturing Company, S. P. and B. P. Hol-\\nlingsworth, of the State of Texas, and James Crow, of the State\\nof Alabama, and others, incorporators; to erect, own, maintain,\\nand operate a factory for the manufacture of cottan and woolen\\ngoods and other articles, separately or conjointly, at such place\\nor places as the company might select. Capital stock not to ex-\\nceed $200,000.\\nThe Texas Paper Manufacturing Company, David Richard-\\nson, Samuel Mather, and Dr. Theodore Koester, and others, in-\\ncorporators; to erect and establish in the county of Comal ma-\\nchinery and establishments for the manufacture of paper, and\\noperate the same. To be exempt from taxation for five years, if\\nthe plant was put in operation during the war. Capital stock,\\n$50,000.\\nThe Texas Iron Company, J. S. Nash, Wm. Nash, James\\nAlley, H. P. Perry, Josiah D. Perry, Jonathan Adams, R. R.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0520.jp2"}, "521": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 479\\nHaynes, and Thomas D. Powell, incorporators; to erect, own,\\nmaintain, and operate a manufactory of iron and steel goods\\nof every description and all other articles of which iron or steel\\nmight form a part, at such place or places as the company might\\nselect within the counties of Marion and Davis [now Cass. Ed.]\\nCapital stock not to exceed $1,000,000.\\nThe Texas Lead and Copper Mine Company, Louis Wills,\\nJosephus M. Steiner, Geo. W. White, and others, incorporators;\\nfor the location and working of lead and copper mines, the State\\nrelinquishing to said corporation all its right, title, and claim\\nto all minerals that might be found on any patented or located\\nlands that said company might select and purchase, not to ex-\\nceed 1280 acres provided work was begun by the company within\\na year from passage of the act.\\nAbout this time also was developed a rage for mutual aid so-\\ncieties, and quite a number were chartered by the Legislature.\\nAmong these were\\nThe San Antonio Mutual Aid Association, organized for the\\nconduct of a general mercantile business.\\nThe Columbus Mutual Aid Association, C. W. Tait, Stephen\\nHarbert, E. P. Whitfield, Isom Took, A. M. Campbell, and\\nothers, incorporators; to conduct a general mercantile business,\\nthe charter requiring the incorporators to sell to families of sol-\\ndiers at cost.\\nThe Caldwell County Mutual Aid Society, T. E. Heppenstall,\\n0. 0. Searcy, W. A. Clark, W. S. Carpenter, J. S. Proctor, W.\\nE. Cowan, G. W. Shoof, and others, incorporators; to purchase\\nand deal in any kind of provisions, family supplies, and mer-\\nchandise, and, after supplying themselves, sell the remainder of\\nsaid provisions, supplies, and merchandise; provided, that all\\ngoods disposed of to families of soldiers should be sold to them\\nat cost, and to others at a profit not exceeding 25 per cent above\\ncost, the object of the association being mutual aid in procuring\\nsupplies for the needy and protection against speculators and ex-\\ntortioners.\\nThe Washington County Mutual Aid Association, A. H.\\nRippetoe, John P. Key, J. D. Giddings, Gilbert Buchanan, N\\nKavanaugh, John H. Dawson, and others, stockholders to do a\\ngeneral mercantile business; with the usual provision that aftei", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0521.jp2"}, "522": {"fulltext": "480 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS,\\nsupplying themselves, they should sell to the families of soldiers\\nat cost.\\nThe Goliad Aid Association; empowering D. Hardeman,\\nWilliam Evans, A. H. Biscoe, J. Alison Dill, J. A. Eobbins, John\\nA. Clark, J. M. Brown, and Pryor Lea, or any three of them, as\\ncommissioners, to organize a joint stock association, to consist of\\nthe persons before named, or any of them, and their associates\\nand successors such joint stock association to procure and fur-\\nnish necessaries to its members, and to the families and other\\ndependents of officers and soldiers, who have been or may be in\\nthe military service of either the Confederate or the State govern-\\nment, and for general market within the area of Goliad and\\nneighboring counties, at prices not to exceed cost and 25 per cent\\nprofit. Capital stock, $100,000.\\nNor was education forgotten in this furore of incorporation,\\nfor at this session of the Ninth Legislature was chartered the\\nDallas Male and Female College, with J. M. Patterson, W. H.\\nThomas, M. T. Johnson, E. M. Gano, A. M. Moore, J. W.\\nThrockmorton, P. Taylor, T. C. Hawpe, B. W. Stone, J. J. Good,\\nS. B. Pryor, J. J. Eakin, A. C. Halleck, R. B. Scott, and John\\nN. Bryan, and their successors in office, as a board of trustees,\\nwith succession for the term of fifty years the college to be non-\\nsectarian, admit male and female students, and give instruction\\nin all branches of education usually taught in institutions of a\\nsimilar character, and, in addition thereto, instruct such male\\npupils as might be able to perform military duty, and desire such\\nknowledge, in the science of arms.\\nThe following important joint resolutions were adopted at the\\nsession\\n(1) A joint resolution providing for a pony express between\\nthe Mississippi and the Rio Grande, two trips to be made each\\nweek from Brownsville on the Rio Grande to some safe place on\\nthe Mississippi, each trip, if practicable, in five days the express\\nto carry letters only, the rate of postage to be fixed by the Post-\\nmaster-General of the Confederacy.\\n(2) That the people of Texas, acknowledging with heartfelt\\ngratitude the favor of God in the brilliant achievements of our\\nConfederate armies, do hereby formally and sincerely tender to\\nthe officers and privates in the military service of the country,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0522.jp2"}, "523": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 481\\nfrom Texas, the thanks and praises they have so justly merited\\nby their self-sacrificing devotion to their country and their many\\ndeeds of valor upon every battlefield of the Confederacy.\\nIn the name of a gallant State and a gallant people, we thank\\nyou. In the name of your mothers, your wives, and your sisters,\\nwe thank you for your gallant deeds.\\nYou have won for yourselves imperishable renown. You\\nhave won for your State the highest honors.\\nResolved, That while our brave troops are battling so glo-\\nriously for the dearest interests of our people, we recognize it as\\na sacred obligation to provide for their comfort, and to support\\nand cherish their families at home.\\nEesolved, That the faith of the State of Texas is hereby\\npledged to our soldiers in the field, that their families shall be\\nnourished and supported during the war.\\nResolved, That the Governor be instructed to have a copy of\\nthis resolution transmitted to every Texas regiment now in the\\nservice, with the request that it be read out to every company.\\n(3) Be it resolved by the Legislature of the State of Texas,\\nThat should the State of Texas, from any cause, withdraw from\\nher association as a member of the Confederate States before the\\nindebtedness of said Confederate States is fully paid, the faith\\nof the State is hereby pledged to the payment of her pro rata por-\\ntion of such remaining indebtedness, to whoever the same may\\nbe due.\\nA certified copy of this resolution to be transmitted by the\\nGovernor to the President of the Confederate States, and to the\\nGovernor of each of said States.\\n(4) Resolved by the Legislature of the State of Texas, That\\nwe heartily approve of the proclamation of the President of the\\nConfederate States, to retaliate for the iniquities of General But-\\nler (better known as Butler, the Beast,) in the State of Louis-\\niana; as well as his retaliation proclamation against General\\nMcNeill for the murder of citizens in the State of Missouri and\\nwe trust that retaliation will be strictly and rigidly practiced\\nby our government in all such cases of outrage, and we pledge\\nthe people of this State to sustain the President of the Confed-\\nerate States in all his measures of retaliation against those wlio\\n31", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0523.jp2"}, "524": {"fulltext": "482 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\noutrage humanity by such an utter disregard of the rules of civil-\\nized warfare.\\n(5) Eesolved, That the power to regulate commerce is, by\\nthe Constitution of the Confederate States, vested in Congress;\\nand that the power assumed by the military authorities of this\\ndepartment to allow, control, and prohibit the exportation and\\ntransportation of cotton, is unwarranted in law, is an encroach-\\nment upon the rights of the people and upon the power of Con-\\ngress, and is an exercise of power which Congress itself has re-\\nfused to exercise (by act approved May 21, 1861), and which\\ntends to the impoverishment of one portion of the people and to\\nthe aggrandizement and corruption of another, and to expel the\\nplanter and lawful trader from the market, to create monopolies,\\nand to cause scarcity of supplies and consequent high prices.\\nThat our senators in Congress be instructed, and our repre-\\nsentatives requested, to see that the Eio Grande trade is not un-\\nlawfully closed or obstructed, and that such regulations be pre-\\nscribed to the officers of customs as may be necessary to secure\\nto the people the benefits of said trade and a return of supplies.\\n(6) Be it resolved by the Legislature of the State of Texas,\\nThat the thanks of the Legislature are hereby tendered to Gen.\\nJ. B. Magruder, and the officers and men under his command,\\nfor the brilliant victory which they gained over the Federals at\\nGalveston on the 1st of January last; and to Maj. 0. M. Watkins\\nand the officers and men under his command for their gallant\\nconduct at Sabine Pass, and the recapture of that fort and cap-\\nturing the blockading vessels of the enemy; and to Maj. Dan\\nShea and the officers and men under his command for their firm\\ndefense of the town of Lavaca; and to Major Hobby and the\\nofficers and soldiers under his command for the repulse of the\\nenemy s attack on Corpus Christi the commencement of our\\nsuccesses on the Texas coast and to Captains Ireland and Ware\\nand the officers and soldiers under their command for their ex-\\nploit in the capture of Captain Kittredge and his men near\\nCorpus Christi and to Captains Ireland and Wilkie and the offi-\\ncers and soldiers under their command for their good conduct in\\ndefeating the enemy s attempt to capture one of our vessels, and\\nin capturing his barges in the bay of Corpus Christi and to\\nCapts. Santos Bonavides and Eefugio Benavides and officers and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0524.jp2"}, "525": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 483\\nmen for the vigilance, energy, and gallantry displayed by them\\nin pursuing and chastising the banditti infesting the Rio Grande\\nfrontier.\\nThe extra session adjourned sine die on the 2d of March.\\nIn reply to a letter from Capt. S. T. Mains, of the State troops,\\ndetailing the exposed condition of his section and the need of ad-\\nditional troops, I wrote him, under date of March 13, 1863, that\\nfor lack of legislative appropriations I was powerless to afford\\nhelp at that time that I was then in correspondence with General\\nMagruder on the subject, and hoped to effect something for his\\nsection in that way; that I was forwarding to the frontier line\\nall the available ammunition, and that it was my intention to do\\nall in my power to secure adequate protection for the frontier.\\nOn March 27th I wrote to President Davis, urging acceptance\\nof the frontier regiment by the Confederate government, and\\ngiving him a history of its organization and objects, and of my\\nefforts to have it transferred to the regular service to save ex-\\npense to the State. I also informed him of the passage by the\\nLegislature of an act removing all restrictions imposed by a\\nformer act, with the only exception that its service should be\\ncontinued on the Indian frontier for its defense, and that under\\nthis supplemental act the regiment had again been tendered to\\nthe general commanding the military district of Texas, and had\\nbeen by him accepted, subject to the approval of the President.\\nIn concluding my letter I said Impressed with a firm con-\\nviction of the superiority of this mode of defense for the protec-\\ntion of our Indian frontier, and its pre-eminent ethciency hav-\\ning been recognized by the people of that section and the Legis-\\nlature at its several sessions in a spirit the very reverse of dicta-\\ntion, I would invoke your excellency to accept the service of this\\nregiment, and to that extent save the people on our Indian fron-\\ntier, in the future, from the renewal of the countless sacrifices\\nwhich they have heretofore made, and the horrible consequences\\nthat accompany these Indian raids.\\nThe President, however, denied my application, refusing to\\naccept the regiment if hampered by any conditions whatever.\\nThe citizens of Wise, Parker, and Jack counties had petitioned\\nthe Legislature for additional protection against Indian depre-\\ndations.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0525.jp2"}, "526": {"fulltext": "484 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nAfter adjourmnent of that body, I wrote them, through\\nMessrs. Armstrong, Simpson, Benson, and others, that their pe-\\ntition had been duly considered by the members of the Legisla-\\nture, who adjourned, however, without authorizing me to raise\\na man or expend a dollar for the protection of the frontier, be-\\nyond the appropriation made for the frontier regiment but that\\nGeneral Magruder, at my urgent request, had authorized Brig-\\nadier-General Hudson to raise four or five companies for fron-\\ntier service, and had ordered to the Red River line the mounted\\nregiment of Colonel Phillips; and further, that I had requested\\nGeneral Magruder to retain in Cooke County, till relieved by\\nother forces, the four companies of De Morse s regiment under\\nMajor Carroll, sent to that quarter by General Cooper, of the\\nIndian department.\\nI also expressed the hope that, with these additional troops on\\nthe frontier, adequate protection would be afforded the people\\nin that section against all depredations of Indians and jay-\\nhawkers, and stated I felt entirely sure that the frontier regi-\\nment, as then reorganized, was in a better condition for effective\\nservice than ever before.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0526.jp2"}, "527": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS, 485\\nCHAPTER TWEXTY-SIX.\\nInspection of the Fortifications at Galveston Call for Ten Thousand\\nMore Troops Want of Arms Fall of Vicksburg Proclamations\\nto Encourage the People President Davis Letter to Gen. Kirby\\nSmith Death of General Houston Gen. Kirby Smith on the Situ-\\nation Second Conference of Governors at Marshall Indian Fron-\\ntier Dick Dowling s Fight at Sabine Pass.\\nGeneral Magrucler had been utilizing slave labor for some\\ntime in fortifying Galveston, and, somewhat desirous to see the\\nextent of his works, I set out from Austin about the last of May,\\nwith Colonel Dashiel, A. A. G., for the coast.\\nI spent several days quite pleasantly in Houston, where I also\\nhad the good fortune to meet General Magruder and quite a\\ncorps of distinguished officers. The General was enthusiastic\\nover his works in Galveston Bay, and anxious to show them to\\nme, and for that purpose it was thought best to take the bayou\\nroute. We proceeded down Buffalo Bayou on the elegant steam-\\nboat Island City, passing in broad daylight the battlefield of San\\nJacinto, where the independence of Texas had been won. As\\nour boat glided by this historic and memorable spot, the thought\\nwas vividly present in my mind that our liberties were then\\nmore seriously threatened by our own kith and kin than they\\nhad been in other days by an alien race and when I glanced at\\nthe gallant company about me, there came to me the inspiring\\nreflection that we had triumphed then by virtue of the justice\\nof our cause and the tried valor of our people, and would do so\\nagain, if the achievement of such a result could be accomplished\\nby heroism. The boat paused in midstream on coming opposite\\nthe battleground, and General Magruder and his military escort\\nviewed with absorbing interest the stretch of ground on which\\nthe soldiers of a former time had won imperishable renown.\\nThere was old Lynchburg, just below, with its gloomy surround-\\nings, as of yore. With agreeable company and fine scenery, the\\ntrip was pleasant enough. On the approach of night, Cook s\\nband on board discoursed the sweetest music, and the company\\nsang and danced as they pleased, and all went merry as a mar-\\nriage bell.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0527.jp2"}, "528": {"fulltext": "486 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThe military men of our party were, to the best of my recol-\\nlection, besides General Magruder: Colonel Dashiel, Colonel De\\nBray, Colonel Bankhead, Colonel Ives (aide-de-camp to Presi-\\ndent Davis), Lieutenant Kirby (aide-de-camp to Gen. E. Kirby\\nSmith), Major Pearce, Major Pendleton, Maj. Leon Smith,\\nMajor Dickinson, Maj. George Magruder, Major Mason, Major\\nWatkins, Captain McGreal, Captain Turner, Lieutenants War-\\nner, Yancy, and several others of lesser note.\\nReaching Galveston, we waited until the following morning to\\ninspect the fortifications. They were constructed, so I was in-\\nformed, under the direction of Colonel Sulokoski, Magruder s\\nPolish chief of engineers, whom he had brought with him from\\nVirginia.\\nThe next day, to better make an inspection of the line of de-\\nfenses, including the obstructions in the channel leading into the\\nharbor, the inland fleet, and the fortifications, a party, consist-\\ning of General Magruder and staff, Colonel Dashiel, and myself,\\nwith several charming ladies, took passage on one of the steam-\\ners. This outing was certainly a combination of business and\\npleasure, as the ride was delightful, and the view presented, the\\ninland fleet, the city, Pelican Spit, and the bridge, and an ex-\\namination of the works, were all interesting. To examine the\\nmilitary works we landed, and after their inspection we were\\nafforded the pleasure of witnessing an exhibition of artillery\\npractice by the troops.\\nI was gratified to learn, in this connection, that General Ma-\\ngruder had recovered from the wreck of the Yankee steamer\\nWestfield five cannon of various calibres; one being a nine-inch\\nDahlgren, and another an eight-inch columbiad, which were\\nfound on the sea bottom about thirty feet away from the hulk,\\nwith gun-carriages intact, and raised with grappling hooks and\\nwindlass. After viewing the defenses of Galveston, pronounced\\nby competent critics to be the most scientific and formidable in\\nthe Confederacy, I could but be pleased with the outlook for the\\nIsland City and Texas. The commanding general had them so\\nwell advertised to the world that the Yankees never cared to put\\ntheir strength to the test. As has been before observed, Magru-\\nder had a little bluster in his composition, which at times served\\na good turn in scaring the enemy.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0528.jp2"}, "529": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 487\\nThe agreeable experiences of the day were fittingly concluded\\nwith a grand ball at night at Miss Cobb s schoolhouse. It was\\nprobably given as a compliment to General Magruder and\\nbrother officers. However, I attended it; but I imagined I was\\nsomewhat overshadowed, in the eyes of the fair ladies, by the\\nbrilliant military throng. A good share of the representative\\nbelles of both Houston and Galveston being present, the evening\\nwas delightfully spent.\\nIn compliance with General Magruder s requisition on me\\nfor 10,000 troops (made June 4th), I at once issued a proclama-\\ntion calling for that number of men to defend the State, saying,\\namong other things I invoke you, men of Texas, by every\\ntie of family and of country, to rally to our standard. Your\\nGovernor, in your name, has promised that this call will be filled\\nwith alacrity. This pledge must be redeemed. It will be.\\nThe requisition was slowly filled, but the chief difficulty was\\nin procuring arms for the militia. It was no unusual thing to\\nsee bodies of militia in different parts of the State practically\\nwithout weapons of any kind. Were ever patriots reduced to\\nsuch desperate straits in any country before?\\nMagruder s requisition for troops was preceded by a long let-\\nter to me sketching the situation and needs of the State. In it\\nhe said, in substance, that he expected a more formidable in-\\nvasion by the Yankees, and that it must be met by adequate prep-\\naration that, on opening the Mississippi, then probable, their\\nlight-draft gunboats would be pushed into every navigable bay\\nand bayou in Louisiana and Texas that the contiguous territory\\nwould be laid waste, the negroes set free, our men killed or im-\\nprisoned, and our women subjected to every species of brutality\\nand insult that cravens, if any in Texas, could not hope to save\\ntheir property by submission to Yankee tyranny, as had been\\nlately demonstrated in Louisiana; that, to fight successfully,\\ntroops must be provided, organized, and disciplined, and im-\\nportant points fortified that Texas was in more danger of inva-\\nsion then than ever before, especially if the enemy succeeded in\\nopening the Mississippi, and that it was not his intention to keep\\nfrom their homes, unless necessary, the 10,000 militia called for,\\nbut to organize them and prepare them for service, so that they\\nwould be ready for any emergency.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0529.jp2"}, "530": {"fulltext": "488 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nHe directed my attention to that portion of the impressment\\nlaw of Congress that related to slaves. He said the most pa-\\ntriotic slaveholders had furnished more than their share of lab-\\norers for the fortifications at Galveston, while the more selfish\\nkept their slaves at home or reclaimed them (if loaned) on the\\nfirst opportunity, and stated that 1500 slaves were required for\\nimmediate service on fortifications, and that if not forthcoming,\\nthe impressment law (authorizing the taking of one-half the\\nmale population over eighteen) would be rigidly enforced, as the\\ncoast defenses were absolutely indispensable to the security of\\nslave property. In reference to my late visit to Galveston, he\\nsaid Your excellency, in company with myself, has recently\\nvisited and inspected the fortifications, the Harriet Lane, the in-\\nland fleet, and could not but have felt the greater sense of se-\\ncurity, after witnessing the effect of the fire of our guns upon the\\nchannels of approach, and after an examination of the strongest\\nand most skillfully constructed earthworks that are to be found\\nin any country. And in conclusion I have made your ex-\\ncellency the above plain and frank statement of facts, that they\\nmay be communicated to the people. I have the honor\\nto assure your excellency that the patriotism, zeal, and intelli-\\ngence which have marked your co-operation with the Confederate\\ncommanders in this district are fully appreciated by them and\\nthe government, and have contributed greatly to the success of\\ntheir eft orts to rescue the district of Texas from the presence of\\nthe enemy and to maintain it, to this moment, free and independ-\\nent. For these great services, rendered by yourself and the pa-\\ntriotic and able men who control the military resources of the\\nState of Texas, I beg leave to tender my cordial thanks and pub-\\nlic acknowledgments.\\nVicksburg, our great stronghold on the Mississippi, was at last\\nsurrendered to the enemy, its brave defenders being reduced to\\nthat extremity as much by famine as by the preponderating num-\\nber and exertions of the enemy. We lost 30,000 men by the fall\\nof Vicksburg, and the enemy gained undisputed control of the\\nMississippi from its source to the sea. This was an irreparable\\ndisaster, but the ensuing demoralization among the soldiers and\\npeople was worse. I, however, did not consider our situation\\ndesperate, and, to encourage our depressed people to continue", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0530.jp2"}, "531": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 489\\nresistance and make preparations to determinedly oppose further\\nadvances of the exultant Federals, I issued a cheering proclama-\\ntion, July 24th, in which I said\\nThe fall of the heroic city does not necessarily give the\\nenemy the control of the Mississippi, neither does it ensure the\\ninvasion of Texas nevertheless, it behooves every man to be pre-\\npared and nerved for any fate that may befall him or his coun-\\ntry. To avert war from your doors, make adequate preparations\\nfor resistance.\\nThe spectacle of a whole people in arms for the defense of\\ntheir altars and household gods (boys, manhood in its prime, and\\ngrey-headed sires), the path of victory or death pointed out by\\nwives, sisters, and mothers, prepared to perish rather than live\\nthe slaves of slaves, such a spectacle will cause the foe to pause\\nere he encounters an entire people ready to die, not to yield.\\nTherefore I call upon you in the name of the departed he-\\nroes of Texas, and in the name of their widows and orphans I\\ncall upon you in the name of the patriots now battling for us\\nupon distant fields; I invoke you as patriots, as lovers of free-\\ndom, as men struggling in a most righteous cause, to organize\\nat once under the call made upon you, to beat back our insolent\\nand brutal foe, who, when he crosses our frontier, will mark his\\nprogress with desolation and ruin.\\nI also called attention to General Magruder s proclamation\\nurging the organization of minute companies of cavalry, exhort-\\ning the exempts then at home to be ready to defend their fire-\\nsides, calling on the shirkers in the rear to come forward and re-\\ndeem their manhood, and requesting slaveholders to hire their\\nslaves to the government to serve as teamsters and other laborers\\nall of which utterances of the General I heartily approved and\\nseconded.\\nGeneral Magruder said in his proclamation that if any should\\nprove insensible to his appeal, and his army should be left at\\ndisadvantage by those who should swell its ranks, he would see\\nto it that no such recreants should be left between his lines and\\nthose of the enemy to protect by perjury the wealth they had\\namassed by grinding extortion, or in any other way turn their\\ncowardice or baseness to profit. Referring in my address to this\\nannouncement, I said And may those who, to save life and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0531.jp2"}, "532": {"fulltext": "490 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nproperty, take the oath of allegiance to so foul and corrupt a\\ngovernment as that of Lincolndom, meet the fate due to traitors,\\nand their names be consigned to ignominy and the execrations of\\nposterity And I pledge myself to assist the commanding gen-\\neral in disposing of all such miscreants, should any such be found\\nin our midst. If we are but true to ourselves, we are\\nstrong enough west of the Mississippi to beat the Yan-\\nkee vandals from our soil.\\nPresident Davis, ever mindful of the dangers of our isolated\\nsituation wrote July 14th to Gen. E. Kirby Smith After the\\nfall of our two fortified places on the Mississippi Kiver (Vicks-\\nburg and Port Hudson) your department is placed in a new re-\\nlation, and your difficulties must be materially enhanced. You\\nnow have not merely a military, but a political, problem in-\\nvolved in your command. I have been warned against a feeling\\nwhich is said to exist in favor of a separate organization on\\nthe part of the States west of the Mississippi. Unreasonable\\nmen think they have been neglected, and timid men may hope\\nthat they can make better terms for themselves if their cause\\nis not combined with that of the Confederacy. Already I am\\ntold that dissatisfaction exists in Arkansas, and that it has\\nbeen assumed that you intend to abandon that country, the basis\\nof such supposition being your concentration of troops in Louisi-\\nana. To give to each section all that local interests may suggest,\\nwill of course, be impossible; but much discontent may be\\navoided by giving such explanations to the Governors of the\\nStates as will prevent them from misconstruing your actions.\\nSeparated from the Eastern States, as you now are, your\\ndepartment must needs be, to a great extent, self-sustaining.\\nContinuing, the President referred to our large resources of\\nnatural wealth and the necessity of utilizng them in the manu-\\nfacture of munitions of war, shoes and harness, clothing and\\nblankets, and other articles, and in raising food for the people\\nand army. After congratulating him on the victories won at\\nBrashear City, Sabine Pass, and elsewhere, Mr. Davis concluded\\nhis letter with the following words We are now in the darkest\\nhour of our political existence. I am happy in the confidence I\\nfeel in your ability, zeal, and discretion. The responsibility\\nwith which you are charged is heavy, indeed, and your means,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0532.jp2"}, "533": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 491\\nI know, are very inadequate. If my power were equal to my will,\\nyou should have all that you require. It grieves me to have\\nenumerated so many and such difficult objects for your atten-\\ntion, when I can give you so little aid in their achievement. May\\nGod guide and preserve you, and grant to us a future in which\\nwe may congratulate each other on the achievement of the inde-\\npendence of our country.\\nAmid the clash of arms in civil strife, the spirit of Sam\\nHouston was borne from the scenes of earth. He died at Hunts-\\nville on the 23d of July, 1863, with his family and a few par-\\nticular friends around him. His health had been failing for\\nseveral months, and death did not find him unprepared. His last\\nwiir*^ is a curiosity of its kind, and is well worth reading.\\nIn the name of God, the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, I, Sam\\nHousion, of the county of Walker and State of Texas, being fully aware\\nof the uncertainty of life and the certainty of death, do ordain and de-\\nclare this my last will and testament.\\nFirst. I will that all my just debts be paid out of my personal ef-\\nfects, which I think sufficient without disposing of the family servants.\\nSecond. I bequeath my entire remaining estate to my beloved\\nwife, Margaret, and our children, and I desire that they may remain\\nwith her so long as she remains in widowhood; and should she at any\\ntime marry I desire that my daughters should remain subject to her\\ncontrol so long as their minority lasts.\\nThird. My will is that my sons should receive solid and useful ed-\\nucations, and that no portion of their time may be devoted to the study\\nof abstract science. I greatly desire that they may possess a thorough\\nknowledge of the English language, with a good knowledge of the Latin\\nlanguage. I request that they be instructed in the knowledge of the\\nHoly Scriptures, and next to these that they be rendered thorough in a\\nknowledge of geography and history. I wish my sons early taught an\\nentire contempt for novels and light reading, as well as to the character\\nand morals of those with whom they maybe associated or instructed.\\nFourth. I leave my wife as executrix, and the following named\\ngentlemen as my executors: Thomas Carothers, J. Carroll Smith,\\nThomas Gibbs, and Anthony M. Branch, my beloved friends, in whom I\\nplace entire confidence, to make such disposition of my real estate as\\nmay seem to them best for the necessities and interests and welfare of\\nmy family. To my dearly beloved wife I confide the rearing, education,\\nand training of our sons and daughters.\\nFifth. To my eldest son, Sam Houston, I bequeath my sword,\\nworn in the battle of San Jacinto, to be drawn only in defense of the\\nConstitution, and laws, and liberties of his country. If any attempt be\\nmade to assail one of these, I wish it to be used in its vindication. It is", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0533.jp2"}, "534": {"fulltext": "493 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nInformation of Houston s death was received over the State\\nwith feelings of profound sorrow but the pressing duties arising\\nfrom the war almost entirely engrossed public attention at the\\ntime, and it was not until a subsequent period that the Legisla-\\nture expressed, by suitable resolutions, the public sentiment on\\nthe passing away of the hero of San Jacinto, a man whose few\\ndefects of character (which he possessed in common with all\\nmankind) but served to accentuate his great virtues and abilities.\\nIn September, Gen. E. Kirby Smith, in a letter to President\\nDavis, deplored the inability of his small army, destitute of sup-\\nplies, to cope with the overwhelming numbers of the enemy being\\nhurled against it, well supplied with military equipments.\\nThe arms intended for us, said he, were lost at Vicksburg.\\nThe United States blockading fleet have effectually pre-\\nvented the arrival of other arms confidently expected. I do not\\nmake these statements in a fault-finding spirit, but they are facts\\nwhich present the almost hopeless condition of our affairs in this\\ndepartment. The people and the State troops, which\\nare called out, know they can not be armed. Despondent and\\ndisheartened, they have but little hope of the result. The whole\\nmale population, the aged and the infirm, have been called upon\\nto organize under the acts for local defense. Sixty thousand\\nrifles could, I believe, this moment be well disposed of through-\\nout this department.\\nmy will that my library should be left at the disposition of my dear\\nwife.\\nSixth. To my dearly beloved wife I bequeath my watch and all\\nmy jewelry, subject to her disposition.\\nSeventh. I hereby appoint my beloved wife, Margaret, testament-\\nary guardian of our children, their persons and estates during minority.\\nBut should a wise Providence, through its inscrutable decrees, see fit to\\ndeprive our offspring of both parents, and make them orphans indeed,\\nit is hereby delegated to my executors, J. Carroll Smith, Thomas Ca-\\nrothers, Thomas Gibbs, and Anthony M. Branch, to make such disposi-\\ntion in regard to their welfare as they may think best calculated to\\ncarry out designs as expressed in this my last will and testament.\\nEighth. And I direct and enjoin my executors, that after the pro-\\nbate and registry of this, my last will, and return of inventory of my\\nestate, the county or court of probate have no further control of my ex-\\necutors or testamentary guardian of my estate.\\nDone at Huncsville. April 2. 1863.\\nSam Houston.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0534.jp2"}, "535": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 493\\nOf course this despairing letter was not made public at the\\ntime. General Smith enclosed with his letter to President Davis\\na communication to Mr. Slidell, our representative in Paris, urg-\\ning upon him the importance of immediate interposition by\\nFrance in behalf of the Confederacy.\\nThe fall of Vicksburg split the Confederacy into two parts,\\nneither of which thereafter had the power of rendering aid to the\\nother. Communication with the Richmond government was im-\\nmediately interrupted. It was realized that unless this was re-\\nstored the results would be worse than those following the loss\\nof Pemberton s army, or the repulse of Lee at Gettysburg. In\\nrecognition of the gravity of the situation, Gen. E. Kirby Smith\\ncalled another conference of the Governors of the States west of\\nthe Mississippi, the meeting to take place at Marshall, August 15,\\n1863.\\nThe conference assembled at the time and place appointed,\\nwith the following in attendance\\nFrom Texas, Hon. W. S. Oldham, Confederate States sena-\\ntor; Pendleton Murrah (Governor-elect), Maj. Guy M. Bryan,\\nand myself; from Louisiana, Gov. Thos. 0. Moore, Colonel Man-\\nning, Chief Justice Merrick, Associate Justice Voorhies; from\\nArkansas, Eobt. M. Johnson, Confederate States senator and rep-\\nresentative of Governor Flanagan; C. B. Mitchell, Confederate\\nStates senator, and W. K. Patterson from Missouri, Gov. Thos.\\nC. Reynolds, and Gen. E. Kirby Smith.\\nGeneral Smith submitted the following questions for consid-\\neration\\nFirst. The condition of the States since the fall of Vicks-\\nburg, the temper of the people, the resources and ability of each\\nState to contribute to the cause and defense of the department,\\nand the best means for bringing into use the whole population\\nfor the protection of their homes.\\nSecond. The best measures for restoring confidence and\\nchecking the spread of disloyality, and keeping the people stead-\\nfast in the hope of ultimate triumph of our army.\\nThird. The questions of currency, and the best method of\\nsecuring the cotton of the department without causing opposi-\\ntion on the part of the people, and best method of disposing of\\nthe same.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0535.jp2"}, "536": {"fulltext": "494 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nFourth. The extent of the civil authority to be exercised, re-\\nferred to by the President and Secretary of War in their letters\\nto the lieutenant-general commanding.\\nFifth. Appointment of commissioners to confer with the\\nFrench and Mexican authorities in Mexico.\\nSixth. Arms and ordnance stores.\\nTwo days later, on August 17th, I was elected to the chair,\\nand W. K. Patterson secretary.\\nOn motion, I appointed the following committees\\nNo. 1, Governor Eeynolds, Voorhies, Johnston, Bryan, Old-\\nham, and Patterson; No. 3, Oldham, Merrick, Mitchell, Reyn-\\nolds, and Lubbock; No. 3, Johnson, Moore, Murrah, Reynolds,\\nManning, and Merrick; to which the various propositions were\\nassigned, to be by them considered and reported on.\\nJudge Merrick, for committee No. 3, reported that in the\\nopinion of the committee it was intended that such powers only\\nshould be exercised by General Smith as were then exercised by\\nmilitary officers at Richmond, and which it was absolutely nec-\\nessary, on account of inability to communicate with Richmond,\\nthat the general should assume in order to augment and main-\\ntain his army and put the department in the best state of de-\\nfense.\\nThe objects to which such powers were to extend were enumer-\\nated generally in the letter of the Secretary of War.\\nOf course, said the committee report, when the Secretary\\nof War advises the general in command of the department to as-\\nsume powers not granted by an act of Congress to any general\\nin the army, and only exercised by other departments of the gov-\\nernment, he expects that such powers (which are only powers of\\nadministration) should be exercised according to existing laws,\\nand that nothing shall be changed except the agents by which\\nthe operations of the government in respect to this department\\nare carried on.\\nThe respective States composing the department have or-\\nganized governments, and it could not have been the intention of\\nthe Secretary of War to advise the commanding general to as-\\nsume civil authority which belongs to the States, they still hav-\\ning officers present ready to perform their respective duties and\\nfunctions.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0536.jp2"}, "537": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 495\\nCol. Pendleton Murrah, from the same committee, made\\nthe following report\\nThe undersigned, a sub-committee to whom was referred this\\nquestion, respectfully submit that the dependence of the Trans-\\nMississippi Department upon the ports of Mexico for supplies\\nand for communication abroad, together with the relationship\\nof the French and Mexican governments at the present time,\\nmake an understanding Avith the authorities by those govern-\\nments highly important, if not absolutely essential. The disposi-\\ntion of those powers and their officials can only be ascertained by\\ncorrespondence with them. The correspondence under the ex-\\nisting state of things, even as to civil matters, can not, perhaps,\\nbe conducted directly through the government, and as the cor-\\nrespondence, to have reference nearly directly to the interest of\\nthe department and its immediate wants, the law, whenever the\\nlaw speaks, and propriety when the law is silent, points out the\\nmilitary commander of the department as the proper official to\\ninstitute and conduct the correspondence. As to the mode of\\ncarrying on the correspondence, it is of course to be left to the dis-\\ncretion of the commander and yet it is not deemed improper to\\nsuggest that the importance of the subject authorizes, if it does\\nnot require, an agent, intelligent, well informed, of known char-\\nacter, one adapted to inspire confidence in his knowledge and\\ndiscretion, and not likely to be misled in these times of trial and\\nuncertainty by mere plausibilities of instructions intended to\\nplease and flatter, without promising or guaranteeing anything\\nof benefit. The selection of such an agent and the prosecution\\nof such line of policy would find its justification in facts which\\nhave already transpired in the conduct of French officials. These\\nfacts, forming a basis of inquiry and authorizing an approach to\\nthem officially for that purpose, would enable the agent or com-\\nmissioner to sound, upon Mexican soil, both French and Mexican\\nauthorities, ascertain their disposition towards our government\\nand people, and what we may expect of them in the way of favor\\nor assistance what credit may be founded upon the various pro-\\nductions, etc., in our own territory. Whilst the agent might not\\nbe dignified by any definite title or grade which proclaims his\\nauthority and its extent, he might at least be authorized to make\\nexplanations, give assurances, and come to an understanding", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0537.jp2"}, "538": {"fulltext": "496 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nfounded upon consummations of especial interest, pointing di-\\nrectly to the wants of this district and embracing the specific\\nmatters pertaining to the general questions of credit and sup-\\nplies from abroad.\\nIt is believed that our situation is such that these inquiries\\ncan not be pushed forward with too much industry and discre-\\ntion; for if it be that the French government is favorably dis-\\nposed towards our country, such control has it over the country\\nand ports of Mexico, that its will is likely to be law, and impor-\\ntant results may be anticipated from securing its good will. The\\ncondition of the Trans-Mississippi Department, her wants, what\\nis believed and ascertained of the disposition of the present au-\\nthorities, it is believed fully authorizes the commanding general,\\netc. He can not be instructed from Eichmond as to civil mat-\\nters pertaining to the agency, questions of mere irregularity, or\\neven of doubtful authority. In conducting the correspondence,\\nboth the interest of the country and the necessities under which\\nit labors will be the law to guide his discretion.\\nGov. Thomas C. Eeynolds, from committee No. 1, made the\\nfollowing report\\nThe undersigned, to whom was referred the condition of the\\nTrans-Mississippi Department since the fall of Vicksburg, has\\nhad the same under consideration and beg leave to submit the\\nfollowing report:\\nSince the commencement of the war this department has\\nlabored under peculiar difficulties of a very embarrassing char-\\nacter it has received but a meager share of the limited supplies\\nof arms and munitions of war under the control of the gov-\\nernment. Waiving all inquiry at present as to the causes which\\nprevented adequate supplies from being sent west of the river,\\nit is sufficient to say that the supply of arms, munitions, etc., in\\nthis department has never been equal to the Imperative demands\\nof the army. This was true before the fall of Vicksburg and\\nPort Hudson. Now, since the enemy have entire control of the\\nMissisippi River, and have the gulf coast effectually blockaded,\\nand the State of Missouri overrun and governed by military\\npower, we are completely separated from our confederates east of\\nthe river, and must abandon all hope of even the imperfect and\\nirregular supply heretofore received from the government, and\\nat once and entirely rely upon our own resources.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0538.jp2"}, "539": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 497\\nBeleaguered as we are, the general in command can neither\\ntransmit reports nor receive communications regularly from the\\nseat of government. Hence the safet} of the people (the supreme\\nlaw) requires that he assume at once and exercise the power and\\nprerogatives of the President of the Confederate States and his\\nsubordinates in reference to all matters involving the interests\\nof his department. Our necessities demand this policy and will\\nnot brook delay, and it is believed that all the exigencies of the\\ncountry may be met without violating the Constitution and laws\\nof the Confederate States, and without assuming anything like\\ndictatorial powers.\\nAs to the temper of the people, we are compelled to report\\nsome disaffection and disloyalty in each of the several States\\nof this department, and considerable gloom and despondency,\\nthe result of the loss of Vicksburg and other disasters, but the\\ngreat mass of the people are loyal to the government of their\\nchoice and have full and unreserved confidence in the ability\\nand integrity of the lieutenant-general commanding this de-\\npartment, and we think it safe to say that they have maturely\\nand considerately determined that no greater calamity can befall\\nthem than subjugation or submission to the Federal government.\\nEeference in general terms only is here made to the resources of\\nthe States, because your committee have not the requisite infor-\\nmation to enable them to give special details. Nor do they deem\\nit important, as the general can, through his subordinate officers,\\nobtain more copious, accurate statistics than we can possibly give\\nin this report.\\nIt is thought that Texas can and will put into the field from\\n15,000 to 20,000 men, including the stragglers, teamsters, etc.\\nShe has grain, bacon, and beef to feed her people and the army\\ntwo years; four gun factories making 800 guns per month;\\nmetal, copper, and tin to make 100 cannon, and gun carriages\\nfor a like number complete and in process of construction. She\\nis making percussion caps successfully, has two powder mills\\ndoing good work, and on hand 30,703 pounds of common powder,\\n25,635 pounds lead, 90,000 fixed ammunition, and 234 pounds\\nof buckshot. She has in the field now one regiment State troops\\nfor frontier protection, well supplied with ammunition. She has\\ndistributed a limited supply of powder, lead, and caps to some\\n32", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0539.jp2"}, "540": {"fulltext": "498 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ncounties. She has furnished great numbers of cotton cards to\\nher people, and she is now manufacturing them, and she has on\\nhand material to keep in good repair the machinery of the peni-\\ntentiary.\\nArkansas can furnish 8000 to 10,000 men, and has immense\\nquantities of provisions and forage her shops and factories are\\nall in the hands of the government, and the general has all need-\\nful information in reference to them.\\nLouisiana can provide 5000 or 6000 men, and has an excess\\nof corn, sugar, and molasses.\\nAs to the manufacture of clothing and the mineral resources,\\nwe refer the general to his clothing and mineral bureau and his\\nordnance department, as more reliable sources of information\\nthan any in our power.\\nMissouri can furnish 15,000 to 30,000 men now in States in\\nour possession, and large numbers are daily accruing. Missouri\\nat present is valuable chiefly as recruiting ground for the Con-\\nfederate army. It is thought by the Governor of Missouri that\\na good system of recruiting in Missouri would add a regiment\\na month from that State, and it is also thought that an advance\\nin force in Missouri would add from 20,000 to 50,000 Missouri-\\nans to our army.\\nAs to the means of bringing into use the whole population\\nfor the protection of their homes, we urge the execution of the\\nconscript laws, with the privilege of volunteering; the calling out\\nof the militia by the several Governors the enrollment of volun-\\nteers for same term of service as State troops, or for the war, in\\ndistricts where the conscript law can not be enforced by reason\\nof actual or threatened invasion; and we urge, by every consid-\\neration, the impressment of negroes to drive all the teams in gov-\\nernment service, thereby turning loose an army of teamsters who\\nare good fighting men. We ask to be discharged from the fur-\\nther consideration of the means for increasing the loyalty, re-\\nstoring confidence, and keeping the people steadfast, etc., and\\nthat the proposition may be considered by the entire conference.\\nThe foregoing reports were unanimously adopted.\\nHon. W. S. Oldham, of committee No. 8, made the following\\nreport\\nThe committee to whom was referred the following subjects,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0540.jp2"}, "541": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 499\\nsubmitted by Lieiitenant-General Smith to us, the question of\\ncurrency and the best mode of securing tlie cotton of the depart-\\nment without causing opposition on tlie part of the people, sub-\\nmit the following rej)ort\\nThat in view of the difficulties resulting from the occupation\\nof the Mississippi River by the enemy, the cotton of this depart-\\nment is the only safe and reliable means for carrying on efficient\\nmilitary operations for the defense of the country west of the\\nMississippi. The authority of the general in command under\\nthe circumstances to use the cotton as a means of purchasing and\\naccumulating military supplies can not be doubtful under the\\nprovisions of the act of Congress usually denominated the im-\\npressment act. As it will be impossible to obtain Confederate\\ntreasury notes to pay for the cotton to the amount that will be\\nnecessary, and as such an additional amount thrown into the\\ncirculation largely accruing, our already redundant circulation\\nwould lead to the still greater depreciation of Confederate notes\\nas a currency, we make the following suggestions for the con-\\nsideration of the commanding general That certificates be\\nexecuted to deliver to the owners of the cotton purchased, pledg-\\ning the government for the payment of the price agreed upon\\nin 6 per cent coupon bonds, the interest to be paid semi-annually\\nfrom the date of the certificate in specie, and with the additional\\npledge that a sufficient amount of the proceeds of sale of the cot-\\nton shall be inviolably set apart for the payment of the interest\\ncoupons for at least the two first years, and that the government\\nwill provide for the prompt and certain payment of future ac-\\ncumulating interest. We believe the planters would prefer such\\na payment than to payment in treasury notes that such certifi-\\ncates would not swell the volume of circulation now afloat;\\nand that the value would be estimated much higher than treas-\\nury notes and would have a credit that would make them much\\nmore available as a means for obtaining whatever the holder\\nmight wish to purchase at home or abroad than any other form\\nof security the government could issue.\\nTaking possession of the entire amount of cotton, with such\\nexceptions and modifications as the commanding general may\\ndeem necessary to meet particular wants or necessities of the\\npeople, would take the trade in cotton out of the hands of specu-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0541.jp2"}, "542": {"fulltext": "500 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nlators now engaged in it, prevent the further depreciation of\\nConfederate notes, by preventing an amount equal to the value\\nof the entire cotton crop being accumulated in the locality of this\\ndepartment, in which a superabundance now already exists, and\\nprevent a further demoralization of public sentiment by the greed\\nof gain and avaricious desire with which it is already infected.\\nUpon the subject of discharging the necessary military ob-\\nligations incurred, we venture to suggest that in case money\\ncan not be obtained from Eichmond for that purpose, the com-\\nmanding general, in the execution of the special powers con-\\nferred upon him by the President, could cause the Confederate\\nnotes not bearing interest, which have been funded with the\\nvarious depositories within the department, to be reissued and\\npaid out by the proper officers in discharge of the debts for\\nmilitary purposes, as well as pay due the soldiers. Although\\nthe pledge would not be binding upon the government, we\\nhave no doubt if such notes are reissued with the pledge of the\\nprivilege of being refunded in bonds of the same rate of inter-\\nest as new issue, the government under the circumstances would\\nnot hesitate to ratify and redeem the pledge.\\nThe question being upon the adoption of the foregoing report,\\nthe conference unanimously adopted all that part of the report\\nwhich relates to the buying and impressment of cotton and the\\nreissuing of treasury notes in the hands of depositories, but re-\\nfused, by a tie vote, to adopt that part of said report recommend-\\ning the issuance of specie certificates in the purchase of cotton.\\nGovernor Eeynolds, of Missouri, offered the following resolu-\\ntion, which was adopted\\nEesolved, that to harmonize and infuse vigor into the pa-\\ntriotic efforts of the people, diffuse correct information, and dis-\\ncourage disloyalty, an organization should be instituted as fol-\\nlows: The Governors for the time being of the Trans-Missis-\\nsippi Department should unofficially compose a committee of\\npublic safety, with a chairman to call it together when necessary\\nand act as its agent, and should provide for committees of cor-\\nrespondence in each county and parish to correspond with the\\nGovernor of their State and with the committee. The people of\\neach county and parish should form a voluntary Confederate", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0542.jp2"}, "543": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 501\\nassociation to co-operate with the Trans-Mississippi Department\\ncommittee of public safety and the corresponding committees.\\nThos. C. Eeynolds, Governor of Missouri, was appointed chair-\\nman of said committee.\\nD. C. Mitchell offered the following resolution, which was\\nunanimously adopted\\nResolved, that from our intercourse with Lieut.-Gen. E.\\nKirby Smith, and after hearing his general plan, we have the\\nmost implicit confidence in his regard for law, his military skill\\nand ability, his devotion to Southern rights, and his purity and\\nintegrity as a man, and that we believe the united and vigorous\\nsupport of our people will, under his leadership, insure a final\\ncomplete success.\\nChief Justice Merrick of Louisiana, Senator Johnson of Ar-\\nkansas, and Senator Oldham of Texas were appointed to present\\nthe above resolution to General Smith.\\nWhereupon the conference adjourned.\\nThe following extracts from the address issued by us to the\\npeople of Texas, Arkansas, Louisiana, Missouri, and the allied\\nIndian IsTations, cover its most interesting features\\nWe will not attempt to disguise the change in our position\\nby the fall of our strongholds on the Mississippi Eiver. Inter-\\nrupting communication between the two sections of the Confed-\\neracy, it throws each mainly on its own resources. But the ap-\\nprehensions of evil from tliis interruption have been greatly\\nexaggerated. The warning given by the fall of New Orleans\\nhas not been unheeded, and the interval since that event has\\nbeen used to develop the great resources of this department. We\\nare now self-dependent but also self-sustaining. With our own\\nmanufactories of cannon, arms, powder, and other munitions of\\nwar; with mines opened and factories established; with cotton\\nfor a basis of financial measures, and with an abundance of food,\\nwe are able to conduct a vigorous defense and seize occasions for\\noffensive operations against the enemy. The immense extent\\nof our territory, the uncertainty of navigation on our rivers, the\\nunwholesomeness of the regions through which our interior is\\napproached, the difficulties of transportation on our roads, pre-\\nsent immense obstacles to the advance of large armies of the\\nenemv with their cumbrous train of luxurious supplies. Small", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0543.jp2"}, "544": {"fulltext": "502 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS,\\nbodies will ignomiiiiously fail in the attempt at our subjugation.\\nTo crush even his largest armies we rely on the energy and skill\\nof our military commanders, the zeal and activity of our civil\\nauthorities, the discipline and courage of our armies, and the\\nvigorous, self-sacrificing patriotism of our whole people. There\\nis everything to incite us to renewed efforts; nothing to justify\\ndespondency.\\nThe capitalist must be liberal of his means; the speculator\\nforego his gains; the straggler hasten to his regiment; every\\nable-bodied man hold himself in readiness for military service.\\nOur women, the glory of our race, tend the loom and even fol-\\nlow the plow our boys guard the homes their fathers are de-\\nfending on the frontier and western skill and valor will prepare\\na San Jacinto defeat for every invading army that pollutes the\\nsoil of this department. Unsurpassed in courage, intelligence,\\nand energy, you have only to arise in your might and the enemy\\nwill speedily be driven back. Be true to yourselves, to your past\\nhistory, to your hope for the future, and a baffled foe will gladly\\nseek the peace which we war to obtain.\\nThe enemy may dismiss all hopes that the western section of\\nthe Confederacy will seek any destiny separate from that of our\\nsisters east of the Mississippi River. Attached to the Confed-\\neracy by community of race, institutions, and interest; baptized\\nin the blood we and they have poured out together, we desire\\nno new political connection. Let our eastern confederates do\\ntheir full duty; these States and their Indian allies will do\\ntheirs. And when our joint efforts have secured our common\\nsafety, the remembrance of the danger from a temporary cessa-\\ntion of intercourse will only strengthen the ties that bind us to-\\ngether.\\nOn God s help and our own right arms we steadfastly rely,\\ncounting on aid neither from the policy of neutral nations nor\\nfrom the distraction in the midst of our enemies.\\n^In my last message to the Legislature, Novembers, 1863, I said;\\nOn the 15th of August last I met, by invitation of Lieut. Gen.\\nE. Kirby Smith, commanding the Trans-Mississippi Department, that\\ngentleman and the Governors of the States west of the Mississippi River,\\ntogether with several Confederate States Senators, Supreme Court\\njudges, and other prominent citizens of these States, at Marshall, Texas,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0544.jp2"}, "545": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 503\\nOn my return to the capital after the conference, I wrote to\\nGeneral Smith, calling his attention to our Indian frontier, and\\nasking him to send a few more soldiers to our aid, who, while\\nrepelling the Indians, might also rid that section of many de-\\nserters from the army who infested it. I further suggested that\\nhe detach for service on our frontier Colonel Baylors regiment\\n(then in Louisiana), on account of their extensive experience\\nin Indian warfare. I urged upon him the policy of allowing\\ndeserters to return to their colors in any regiment or command,\\nwithout regard to where they belonged, which I thought. could\\nbe done under a liberal interpretaiton of the President s declared\\npolicy towards deserters. I said in conclusion My anxiety\\nto see the frontier people protected and the army if possible in-\\ncreased, must be my apology for troubling you on these subjects.\\nInstead of General Baylor, as I requested, Gen. Henry McCul-\\nloch and his command were assigned to duty on our northern\\nborder, in charge of the Indian country. General McCul-\\nloch was a gallant fighter and frontiersman of large experience,\\nand I wrote him a letter of congratulation, expressing at the\\nsame time my regret that the Indians were then committing so\\nmany depredations on the frontier, and also my fears that the\\neffect on the soldiers whose families resided in the exposed coun-\\nties would be bad indeed.\\nOn the 8th of September, 1863, there occurred at Fort Grif-\\nfin, commanding Sabine Pass, one of the most remarkable en-\\ngagements of the war, resulting in a victory for the Confederate\\narms that immortalized those who participated in it. It is best\\ndescribed in the language of First Lieut. E. W. Dowling, who,\\nwith Company F, Cook s artillery, manned the works, and who\\nwas the recognized hero of the affair\\nOn Monday morning about 2 o clock, says Lieutenant Dow-\\nling in his ofldcial report, the sentinel informed me the enemy\\nwere signaling, and, fearing an attack, I ordered all the guns\\nat the fort manned, and remained in that position until daylight,\\nto confer upon the condition of the country west of the river, and place\\nthe General in possession of the resources of those States. The confer-\\nence proved highly satisfactory to those present, developing evidences\\nof strength and ability to sustain the country west of the Mississippi\\nbeyond their most sanguine expectations.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0545.jp2"}, "546": {"fulltext": "504 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nat which time there were two steamers evidently sounding for\\nthe channel on the bar, and a large frigate outside. They re-\\nmained all day at work, but during the evening were reinforced\\nto the number of twenty-two vessels of different classes.\\nOn the morning of the 8th the United States gunboat Clifton\\nanchored opposite the lighthouse and fired twenty-six shells at\\nthe fort, most of which passed a little over or fell short all, how-\\never, in excellent range, one shell being landed on the works and\\nanother striking the south angle of the fort, without doing any\\nmaterial damage. The firing commenced at 6 :30 o clock, and\\nfinished at 7 :30 o clock by the gunboat hauling off. During\\nthis time we had not replied by a single shot. All was then quiet\\nuntil 11 o clock, at which time the gunboat Uncle Ben steamed\\ndown near the fort. The United States gunboat Sachem opened\\non her with a thirty-pounder Parrott gun. She fired three shots,\\nbut Mdthout effect, the shots all passing over the fort and missing\\nthe Ben. The whole fleet then drew off, and remained out of\\nrange until 3 :40 o clock, when the Sachem and Arizona steamed\\ninto line up the Louisiana channel, the Clifton and one boat,\\nname unknown, remaining at the junction of the two channels.\\nI allowed the two former boats to approach within 1200 yards,\\nwhen I opened fire with the whole of my battery on the fore-\\nmost boat (the Sachem), which, after the third or fourth round,\\nhoisted the white flag, one of the shots passing through her steam\\ndrum. The Clifton in the meantime had attempted to pass up\\nthrough Texas channel but, receiving a shot which carried away\\nher tiller rope, she became unmanageable and grounded about\\n500 yards below the fort, which enabled me to concentrate all\\nmy guns on her, which were six in number, two^ thirty-two-\\npounder smooth-bores, two twenty-four-pounder smooth-bores,\\nand two thirty-two-pounder howitzers. She withstood our fire\\nsome twenty-five or thirty-five minutes, when she also hoisted a\\nwhite flag. During the time she was aground she used grape,\\nand her sharpshooters poured an incessant shower of minie balls\\ninto the works.\\nThe fight lasted from the time I fired the first gun until the\\nboats surrendered; that was about three-quarters of an hour.\\nI immediately boarded the captured Clifton and proceeded to\\ninspect her magazine, accompanied by one of the ship s officers,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0546.jp2"}, "547": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0547.jp2"}, "548": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0548.jp2"}, "549": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 505\\nand discovered it safe and well stocked with ordnance stores. I\\ndid not visit the magazine of the Sachem, in consequence of not\\nhaving any small boats to board her with. The Confederate\\nStates gunboat Uncle Ben steamed down to the Sachem and\\ntowed her in to the wharf. Her magazine was destroyed by the\\nenemy flooding it.\\nDuring the engagement I was nobly and gallantly assisted by\\nLieut. N. H. Smith, of the engineer corps, who by his coolness\\nand bravery won the respect and admiration of the whole com-\\nmand. This officer deserves well of his country.\\nTo Assistant Surgeon George P. Bailey I am under many\\nobligations, who, having nothing to do in his own line, nobly\\npulled otf his coat and assisted in administering Magruder pills\\nto the enemy, and behaved with great coolness.\\nDuring the engagement the works were visited by Capt. F.\\nH. Odium, commanding the post, and Maj. (Col.) Leon Smith,\\ncommanding marine department of Texas.\\nCapt. W. S. Good, ordnance officer, and Dr. Murray, acting\\nassistant surgeon, behaved with great coolness and gallantry, and\\nby them I was enabled to send for reinforcements, as the men\\nwere becoming exhausted by the rapidity of our fire but before\\nthey could accomplish their mission the enemy surrendered.\\nThus, it will be seen, we captured with forty-seven men two\\ngunboats, mounting thirteen guns of the heaviest caliber, and\\nabout 350 prisoners. All my men behaved like heroes; not a\\nman flinched from his post. Our motto was, Victory or death.\\nI beg leave to make particular mention of Private Michael\\nMcKeenan, who, from his well known capacity as a gunner, I\\nassigned as gunner to one of the guns, and nobly did he do his\\nduty. It was his shot that struck the Sachem in her steam\\ndrum.\\nToo much praise can not be awarded to Maj. (Col.) Leon\\nSmith for his activity and energy in saving and bringing the\\nvessels into port.\\nReport of Lieut. Frederick Crocker, United States Navy, written\\nwhile a prisoner at Houston, September 12, 1863:\\nThe arrangements of the army being at last completed, the Clifton\\ntook up her position in the Texas channel and began to shell the enemy.\\nThe Sachem started up the Louisiana channel, followed by the Arizona,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0549.jp2"}, "550": {"fulltext": "506 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nGeneral Magruder characterized this engagement as one of the\\nmost extraordinary of the war.\\nThe inquiry may naturally arise/ says Hon. Jefferson Davis\\nin his Else and Fall of the Confederacy, how this small\\nand after grounding slightly entered the channel fairly and joined in the\\naction as they moved up. The Granite City and the General Banks,\\nwith their anchors up, lay ready to follow. At the second discharge\\nfrom the enemy s guns the Clifton, with a full head of steam, steamed\\nrapidly up the Texas channel toward the battery. When the Clifton\\nwas about halfway up to the battery it noticed, with great surprise,\\nthat the Granite City and the General Banks were still lying drifting\\nacross the tide, making no attempt to follow. At the same time a shot\\nfrom the enemy struck the Sachem s boiler, disabling her instantly and\\nsilencing her fire; but, depending upon the support of all the others,\\nthe Clifton kept on her course. In a short time, however, her wheel\\nrope was shot away, and she grounded sooner than was expected and in\\nsuch a position that only three of her guns could bear on the battery;\\nand with these we kept up the fight, making every effort to get the ves-\\nsel afloat; but before we succeeded a shot passed through her boiler and\\nmachinery, disabling her completely. Until this time every man stood\\nto his post and the fight was progressing favorably; but the steam drove\\nall the sharpshooters off the upper deck. Many, thinking the vessel was\\nabout to blow up, jumped overboard. At the same time the enemy got\\nour range and their fire began to tell severely. The vessel twice caught\\nfire and the men were falling fast. My executive officer (acting master\\nRobert Rhodes) fell mortally wounded. Two other officers received\\nwounds, and the men, noticing that no support was near, many of\\nthem became unsteady. Enough of them remained, however, to keep\\nup a very effectual fire, which was being done with the faint hope that\\nwe might yet be supported, when I was met by two of my officers and\\ninformed by one of them that he had hauled down the flag and that we\\ncould not fight any more. With great indignation I ordered it hoisted\\nagain, and all to stand to their guns; but the example was contagious;\\nwith few exceptions the men had left their guns and were taking to the\\nwater. At the same time a shot from the enemy disabled one of our\\nthree guns, and the lock of another broke, the remainder of the crew\\nfiring it with a hammer. Under these circumstances, and seeing that\\nthe Arizona failed to push on, or the Granite City and General Banks to\\nmake the slightest attempt to support me, the enemy s fire becoming\\nmore and more deadly, deserted by all but a few brilliant exceptions, I\\ndeemed it my duty to stop the slaughter by showing the white flag,\\nwhich was done, and we fell into the hands of the enemy. While the\\nfight was thus progressing the commander of the Sachem sent to the\\nArizona an order to advance and take him in tow, but it was not\\nobeyed. The Arizona lay nearly silent until the termination of the\\nfight, and then turned and fled.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0550.jp2"}, "551": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 507\\nnumber of men could take charge of so large a body of prisoners.\\nThis required that, to their valor, they should add stratagem.\\nA few men were placed on the parapet as sentinels, the rest were\\nmarched out as a guard to receive the prisoners and their arms.\\nThus was concealed the fact that the fort was empty. The re-\\nport of the guns bombarding the fort had been heard, and soon\\nafter the close of the battle reinforcements arrived which relieved\\nthe little garrison from its embarrassment.\\nCapt. Henry S. Lubbock says After the raising of the\\nblockade, January 2, 1863, how long I do not now remember,\\nthe Federals came into Sabine Pass, went on to the old fort and\\nspiked the two smooth-bore guns there, and broke off their trun-\\nnions. Some time later General Magruder decided to send a\\ncompany to the fort to place it in order. This company was the\\nDavis Guards, commanded by Captain Odium, Richard Dowling\\nfirst lieutenant. They were accompanied by an engineer officer\\nfrom Louisiana by the name of Smith. The guns, with the help\\nof a country blacksmith, were put in order by banding the trun-\\nnions. The boys placed two buoys at the juncture of Texas and\\nLouisiana channels over the bar, at a distance of about 800 yards\\nfrom the fort, and practiced nearly every week, and became very\\nproficient. An expedition about this tinae was fitted out by the\\nFederal government to capture Sabine Pass. This expedition\\nwas under the command of General Franklin, was supplied with\\nseveral gunboats and many transports, and numbered 12,000\\nmen.\\nSteaming up the narrow channel, the Federals saw two men\\non the ramparts, and fired on them repeatedly, but without\\neffect, as the men, at the flash of the guns of the men-of-war,\\nwould leap from the parapet into the casemate, and, when the\\nshots had hurtled past them over the works, return to their posts.\\nThe vessels continued to approach. Their commanders were\\naware of the fact that the fort had been dismantled several\\nmonths before, and had no idea that it had been again put in\\na condition to offer serious resistance. As soon as two of the ves-\\nsels arrived at the points where the practice buoys had been so\\noften shot at, the Confederate gunners opened fire, and so well\\nwas it directed that the ships were speedily disabled and com-\\npelled to hoist the signal of defeat. One was the propeller", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0551.jp2"}, "552": {"fulltext": "508 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nSachem and the other the sidewheel boat Clifton. While both\\nvessels were struck a number of times, the principal damage to\\nthe Sachem was a shot in her boiler, and to the Clifton the cut-\\nting away of a portion of her steering gear, injuries that ren-\\ndered the vessels unmanageable and helpless.\\nThe affair at Sabine Pass occurred while I was doing duty\\nin Galveston Bay. Though not an eye-witness to the action, I\\nconversed, immediately after it occurred, with men who par-\\nticipated in it, and feel assured that the incidents related to me,\\nand by me retold to the reader, are truthfully reported.\\nI was sent by General Magruder to take charge of the prizes,\\nas it was expected that the Federal fleet would attempt to cut\\nthem out. The fleet hovered about the entrance to the pass for\\nsome time but, with the exception of one feeble night attempt,\\nmade no effort to re-enter the Pass, across one of the channels\\nof which (at the lighthouse) I had swung the Sachem, to assist,\\nif need be, in its defense.\\nTo properly appreciate the value of Dick Bowling s valiant\\nachievement, we need only consider that, had the land forces of\\nFranklin s fleet made a successful landing at Sabine, the victory\\nwould have served the purposes of the enemy even better than if\\nhe had first moved on Galveston and captured that city, for the\\nreason that had a lodgment been effected at Fort Griffin, the\\nenemy could have perfected organization and equipment and\\nmarched into the interior before we could have assembled and\\nconfronted him with an opposing force, a movement that he\\ncould not have executed from Galveston, as he could have been\\nconfined to the island until the whole strength of Texas could\\nhave been hurled against him. Sabine Pass was of further value\\nto us from the fact that it was the most available port for run-\\nning the blockade, and that it was saved to us, if nothing more\\nhad been accomplished, would have amply justified the congratu-\\nlations and words of praise that were showered upon its de-\\nfender by civil and military officials, press and people.\\nHad the Federal army landed there, it would have been be-\\ntween Taylor, Magruder, and Kirby Smith. Had the landing\\nbeen accomplished either at the Pass or below, says General\\nBanks, in a letter to General Halleck, a movement would have\\nbeen immediately made for Beaumont from the Pass, or for", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0552.jp2"}, "553": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 509\\nLiberty if the landing had been made below, and thence directly\\nto Houston, where fortifications would have been thrown up, and\\nour line of communication and supplies immediately established\\nat the mouth of the Brazos Eiver, west of Houston, until we\\ncould have gained possession of Galveston Island and city. I\\nshould have had in ten days from the landing 20,000 men at\\nHouston, where, strongly fortified, they could have resisted the\\nattack of any force that it was possible to concentrate at that\\ntime. Houston would have been nearly in the center of the\\nforces in and about Louisiana and Texas, commanding all the\\nprincipal communications, and would have given us ultimately\\nthe possession of the State.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0553.jp2"}, "554": {"fulltext": "510 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTEE TWENTY-SEVEN.\\nConsul Theron, at Galveston, and Governor Pickens, of South Carolina\\nGen. E. Kirby Smith to Minister Slidell in Paris on French Interven-\\ntion Maj. John Tyler s Memorial to the Governor of Texas Gov-\\nernor Murrah My Last Official Message and Address The Military\\nSituation Commissioned as Lieutenant-Colonel in the Confederate\\nStates Army.\\nI have before me a printed letter, or circular, sent to me by\\nGov. F. W. Pickens, of South Carolina, addressed to the Gover-\\nnors of the Confederate States, under date of March 22, 1862,\\nfavoring a conference of the Governors to decide upon measures\\nthat would enable them to render more efficient support to the\\nConfederate government. He stated that in this way definite\\nknowledge could be obtained as to the resources of the several\\nStates for the manufacture of munitions of war, and an agree-\\nment reached as to the currency issued and circulated by each;\\nthat necessary measures could be adopted with regard to block-\\nade-running, and that a plan could possibly be devised for the\\norganization of the militia and the forming of a great central\\ncamp of 100,000 men, to be drilled and held in readiness for any\\nemergency. Governor Pickens then went on to say There may\\nbe interposition of foreign powers, but it will be after both par-\\nties are so exhausted that they will be able to interfere as\\nquasi protectors. Under the treaty by which the first Napoleon\\nceded Louisiana, the protection of property and personal rights\\nwas guaranteed to the citizens of the ceded territory. The time\\nmay come when the present sagacious emperor of the French\\nmay interfere and assert the doctrine that the country west of\\nthe Mississippi was ceded to the United States as a government,\\nand that, as such a government may be destroyed l)y being broken\\ninto separate combinations, and also that the rights of persons\\nand property may be destroyed, he will interfere and assume\\nthe exercise of the power resulting from reverted, or lapsed,\\nsovereignty.\\nAll these foreign issues that may arise will be\\ndeeply important to us. No human sagacity can see at\\npresent what may be before us.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0554.jp2"}, "555": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 511\\nIt is clear, in any point of view, that our very existence as a\\nfree people is now immediately involved in the terrible conflict\\nupon which we seem to be just entering.\\nI was too intent on the prosecution of my jjroper labors in\\nlooking after the interests of my own State, and in giving aid\\nto the Confederate authorities in the way they had asked for it,\\nto engage in any outside work, and I declined to consider the\\nproposition. In my reply to Governor Pickens I said\\nWe are entirely isolated from our sister States, having no\\nrailroad communication or other means of speedy intercourse.\\nTexas is doing all she can to comply with every requisition made\\nupon her.\\nI am happy to state that instead of 6 per cent of the white\\npopulation (the quota required), we have in the service about\\n13 per cent. She has to protect her coast and frontier, and to-\\nday we have not a soldier in service within the State that does\\nnot reside within her territory.\\nFrom the isolation of our position, we must be self-reliant,\\nand should the invader come, Texas must meet him alone and\\nunaided. We know this still our men are rushing to Arkansas,\\nTennessee, and Virginia, and with them they take what arms and\\nammunition they can control.\\nUnder these circumstances she cannot enter into any arrange-\\nments with the States outside of her duties to the general gov-\\nernment. Eest assured, sir, that we have every confidence in the\\ngeneral result. We well know that gallant South Carolina will\\nperform well her part in the great struggle, and I venture to say\\nTexas Vill keep up her corner.\\nA few months later I received a letter (dated August 19,\\n1862) from B. Theron, the French and Spanish consul at Gal-\\nveston. I thought I saw in the letter a bid for French interven-\\ntion in the affairs of Texas as a power independent of the Con-\\nfederacy. I repelled the idea with scorn.\\nI replied, September 9th, to the note of M. Theron, as follows\\n[the unimportant paragraphs are omitted]\\nIn answer to your first interrogatory, permit me to say that\\nthe annexation of Texas to the United States was a good political\\nmeasure.\\nAs to your second question, I answer most emphatically that", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0555.jp2"}, "556": {"fulltext": "512 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe act of disunion and of the junction of the State of Texas to\\nthe Southern States was a good and proper political step.\\nIn reply to your third inquiry, I have to say, the re-establish-\\nment of the old Eepublic of Texas will not be beneficial to our\\nbeloved adopted country.\\nTexas has linked her fate with those of her sisters of the\\nSouth. She will be true, steadfast, and victorious.\\nThis done, I, on September 11th, enclosed Theron s note and\\nmy reply thereto in a letter to President Davis, in which I said\\nI have the honor to forward for your consideration the en-\\nclosed copies of letters, the one marked A from the French and\\nSpanish consul at Galveston, the other marked B being my reply\\nthereto.\\nAs the proceeding of the said consul would seem to indicate\\nan incipient intrigue, I have deemed it proper to advise you\\nthereof on the threshold.\\nAs the result of this piece of official impertinence, Theron was\\nexpelled from the Confederacy by President Davis, as Genet, for\\na like ofilense, had been expelled from the United States.\\nAs to French intervention. Gen. E. Kirby Smith the next\\nyear (1863) in a letter to John Slidell,^ our agent in Paris,\\nsaid in part\\nThe action of the French in Mexico, the erection of an em-\\npire under their auspices, makes the establishment of the Con-\\nfederacy the policy of the French government. The condition\\nof the States west of the Mississippi, separated from the general\\ngovernment at Eichmond the exhausted state of the country,\\nwith its fighting population in the armies east of the Mississippi\\nthe vast preparations making by the enemy to complete the occu-\\nGeneral Smith most probably did not act in this matter without\\nthe sanction of the Confederate government. And Major Tyler s paper,\\nsubmitted a few weeks later to Governor Lubbock, embodying practi-\\ncally the same ideas, confirms the view that the policy of inaugurating\\na movement to bring about French intervention had at least the secret\\napproval of President Davis. It was evidently the only policy that\\ncould ensure Confederate independence. Had England and Prance set\\nthe Confederacy on its legs there would have been a perpetual French\\nempire in Mexico, and perpetual British dominion in Canada. It was\\ntheir last opportunity to secure or maintain a foothold on this continent.\\nEd.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0556.jp2"}, "557": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 513\\npation and the subjugation of this whole Western Department,\\nare all matters which, if properly brought before the French\\nemperor, should influence him in hastening the intervention of\\nhis good services in our behalf. This succor must come speedily,\\nor it will be too late. Without assistance from abroad, or an\\nextraordinary interposition of Providence, less than twelve\\nmonths will see this country irretrievably lost, and the French\\nprotectorate in Mexico will find a hostile power established on\\ntheir frontier, of exhaustless resources and great military\\nstrength, impelled by revenge and the traditional policy of its\\ngovernment to overthrow all foreign influences on the American\\ncontinent. The barbarous conduct of the war by the\\nenemy calls loudly for the interposition of those powers who\\nreally hold the destiny of our country in their hands.\\nOne week before my term of ofiice expired, John Tyler, son of\\nex-President Tyler, came to Austin, and addressed to the Gover-\\nnor of Texas, the Governor-elect, and those in authority, a vo-\\nluminous and ably written paper contending that, as Texas was\\na part of the Louisiana territory sold by France to the United\\nStates, and that, as in the treaty Bonaparte had stipulated that\\nthe inhabitants should be protected in their lives, liberties, and\\nproperty (all of which were then assailed), they had a right to\\nappeal to France for protection, and that the then Bonapartist\\nemperor of the French would gladly take advantage of the op-\\nportunity to interfere in their behalf. He said that the States\\nof Louisiana, Arkansas, and ]\\\\rissouri, being bound hand and\\nfoot, Texas (free from the invader and still proudly defiant) was\\nalone in position to make the appeal, and should make it with-\\nout delay. Many pages of beautiful English were wasted by him\\nto no purpose. No Texan seriously entertained for a moment the\\nidea of abandoning the Confederacy, or any portion thereof, to\\ncontinue without the aid of his State the desperate struggle\\nwhich all had entered together, in which all were engaged, and\\nthat according to the rules of honor, as interpreted by our peo-\\nple, must bring victory or bring defeat to all.^^\\n81 Mr. N. L. Xorton told me in February, 1900, in substance that he\\nattended Maj. John Tylor from General Price s headquarters in Ark-\\nansas in the fall of 1803, to Austin, with instructions to secure if pos-\\n33", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0557.jp2"}, "558": {"fulltext": "514 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nAs to Texas, she needed uo foreign bhyonets to protect her\\nsoil; that, her own sons had demonstrated their ability to do;\\nand besides, she had been gallantly represented by regiments,\\ncomposed of her bravest and best, on every battlefield from New\\nMexico to Virginia.\\nI and others were still confident that the Confederacy would\\nbe victorious, and to effect that consummation devoted our every\\nenergy, wasting no time or strength upon Utopian schemes.\\nIf the aid of the French or any other European power was to\\nbe secured for the Confederacy, it could be secured by the Rich-\\nmond government in more adequate form and upon better terms\\nthan it could be obtained by a single State or any number less\\nthan all. So believing, I transferred the consideration of that\\nsubject entirely to that government.*-\\nsible suitable action upon the part ol the Texas authorities to bring to\\na head the proposal that it was said Marshal Bazaine was ready to make\\nin Mexico looking to French intervention in our behalf. These gentle-\\nmen were several weeks the guests of Mr. James Bouldin, living on the\\nsouth side of the river opposite the capital. Mr. Bouldin approving- the\\nplan, Major Tyler prepared his argument, writing at it from day to day.\\nWhen completed it was read and approved by all; a copy was taken,\\nand the original presented by the gentlemen to Governor Lubbock in\\nperson. The Governor received them courteously and listened atten-\\ntively to the reading of the document; but said the matter was of too\\ngrave a character for him to act upon without consulting President Davis,\\nand that would be impossible for him to do, as his term of office would\\nexpire in a few days. Mr. Norton, now a highly respected citizen of\\nAustin, was then a captain in the Confederate army. He believes that\\nan alliance could have been effected between France and the Confed-\\neracy had Texas promptly taken the initiative. Ed.\\n8^1 have carefully read Major Tyler s paper, in the office of the Sec-\\nretary of State. It is an able argument, designed to prove that the\\nConfederacy, unless aided by some European power, was certain to be\\ncrushed sooner or later; that an opportunity for securing help through\\nan appeal to France for intervention to maintain the terms of Napo-\\nleon s treaty ceding Louisiana to the United States was now aiTorded;\\nthat Missouri, Arkansas, and Louisiana being overrun by the Yankees,\\nit devolved upon Texas to make that appeal on behalf of herself and\\nher downtrodden and helpless sister States. This did not imply deser-\\ntion of the Confederacy, as, had intervention been secured in behalf of\\nthe States carved out of the Louisiana purchase, its benefits, through a\\nFranco- Yankee war, would have inured to the whole Confederacy.\\nThe French authorities in Mexico, having no pretext founded on an", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0558.jp2"}, "559": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 515\\nNo Democratic or other State conventions were held in 18G3.\\nHon. Pendleton i\\\\Iurrah and Judge T. J. Chambers were the\\ncandidates for Governor before the people, and at the election\\nin the fall of that year Mr. Murrah was chosen over his com-\\npetitor b}^ a handsome majority.\\nThe Tenth Legislature met November 2, and a few days there-\\nafter I sent in a message, in which I said in part\\nThe mighty contest in which is involved, on our part, our\\nproperty, lives, liberty, and honor, has progressed, since your\\nadjournment, checkered with alternate successes and reverses to\\noiir arms. In the general summing up, however, of results, we\\nhave no reason to despond or falter.\\nThe war has, nevertheless, assumed gigantic proportions, de-\\nmanding sacrifices on the part of all our people are unalterably\\nfixed in the determination to prosecute it to the bitter end, and\\nnever to yield while a man is left to strike a blow for freedom.\\nAs the contest lengthens our armies become more experienced\\nand efficient in the varied and difficult requirements of active\\nwarfare, and their present condition, if supported as the neces-\\nsities of their situation demand, is such as to inspire us with a\\njust confidence in their power to successfully resist the hosts of\\nthe enemy.\\nIt is true that A icksburg and Port Hudson are both in the\\nenemy s possession their defense was alike honorable to their\\nrespective garrisons, and conferred additional luster upon the\\nSouthern name. Those positions were wrested from us, not by\\nthe prowess of the enemy s armies, but by the total exhaustion of\\nour magazines. The gloom that for a moment overshadowed the\\nminds of our people upon their loss was quickly dissipated before\\nthe inherent courage of the Southern race, which rose equal to\\nthe emergency. The results to the enemy have proved wholly\\ninadequate to the great sacrifices made by them in securing those\\npoints, and to-day, with those positions in their hands, the navi-\\nappeal for intervention from Texas, soon assured United States Minister\\nCorwin that France would not interfere in the affairs of the Confed-\\neracy, and the main Yankee army was withdrawn from southwestern\\nTexas to enter upon the Red River campaign of 1S64. Upon what small\\nthreads great events hang! Had Governor ISIurrah met the French over-\\ntures vigorously and with wisdom, there might have been a Southern\\nConfederacv now. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0559.jp2"}, "560": {"fulltext": "516 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ngation of the Mississippi is to them a myth. We could well\\nafford to fortify several such places and surrender them upon\\nthe same terms as Vicksburg and Port Hudson.\\nThe occupation of those fortresses in a degree separates the\\nStates of the Trans-Mississippi Department from their sister\\nStates east of the Mississippi, and we must contend at present\\nalone against the numerous armies of the enemy thrown against\\nus upon this side of that river for our subjugation. Their forces\\nare in possession of Missouri, of a large portion of Arkansas and\\nLouisiana, and their standards are nearly advanced to the bor-\\nders of Texas. The executive has exerted the power to the extent\\nvested in him by law to call forth the resources of the State to\\nmeet the crisis that is upon her. The whole resources of the\\nState, both in men and means, are, however, demanded by the\\nexigencies of her position, and it is for your honorable body to\\ntake such measures as will develop them to the utmost, and bring\\nthem into effective operation for the safety of the State and the\\nsuccess of the general cause. Without such vigorous action, it is\\nto be feared unnumbered calamities and misfortunes will be the\\npenalty of our supineness and want of patriotism and Texans\\nmust rise in their might, as one man, with one sole resolve to\\nbe free, or perish with the land of their birth and adoption\\nThus animated, we shall conquer, and Texas will be the grave,\\nnot the inheritance, of the invader.\\nThe ranks of the brave men in the field have been thinned by\\ndisease and the sword, they look to you to call forth the re-\\nsources of the State to aid them in saving the country, and save\\nthem from being crushed by the superior forces and means of the\\nenemy.\\nThe States west of the Mississippi Eiver have fighting men\\nenough in arms and those capable of bearing arms, together with\\nresources amply sufficient to protect, defend, and drive from\\ntheir territory the last Yankee soldier that may invade us but\\nto effect this we must realize the fact that the country is at war;\\nprivate affairs must cease to occupy so much of our attention;\\nwe must all be stimulated with a patriotic determination to be\\nfree, and to rid our soil of the foul presence of our hated\\nenemies.\\nThe swarms of men engaged in profitable business on their", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0560.jp2"}, "561": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 517\\nown account, who are exempted from or avoid military service\\nupon one pretext or another, the thousands occupied in driving\\nteams and cattle for the government and government contractors,\\nmust be placed in their respective companies and replaced with\\nnegroes. The able-bodied soldiers and employes about the posts\\nand towns must take the field, and their places be supplied bv\\nthe old, the very young, and the infirm.\\nThe Confederate Congress and the Legislatures of the sev-\\neral States must do away with all exemptions and substitutions,\\nconvert every man in the country into a soldier until this war\\nis over. Instead of exempting men, let them, when necessary,\\nbe detailed to perform such duties as may be required of them.\\nThe Confederate Congress, in passing an exemption law, did so\\nfor the public good, and not to subserve the private interests of\\nthe individuals exempted. Unfortunately, most exempts appear\\nto have come to the conclusion that it w^as some particular favor\\ngranted to them, and they have used their position as exempts,\\nin too many cases, entirely for their personal benefit and ad-\\nvancement.\\nTime has demonstrated that exemption from military service\\nhas proved of doubtful policy, and worked an injury to our cause.\\nI trust this policy will be at once abandoned.\\nThe practice of allowing men to furnish substitutes has been\\na great bane to the army; every man capable of doing military\\nduty should represent himself in this great struggle. The result\\nof permitting substitutes is, that those who wish to avoid service,\\nand have means, can bid the most exorbitant prices for the ser-\\nvice obtained, and to such an extent has it been carried that suiall\\nfortunes are being paid to secure a substitute, rendering it ex-\\nclusively beneficial to the wealthy.\\nThere are a large number of people among us who are en-\\ntirely devoted to the wald hunt after wealth.\\nThis mania is confined to no particular class, but pervades\\nall occupations and employments. It embraces the shopkeeper,\\nthe planter, the farmer, stock raiser, the professional man, me-\\nchanic, minister of the gospel, and in some instances the soldier\\nhimself. I blush to say that in Texas, where we have thousands\\nof surplus bushels of corn, wheat, barley, oats, rye, etc., with\\nno enemy in our midst robbing, burning, and destroying our", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0561.jp2"}, "562": {"fulltext": "518 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\npropert} these articles are higher than in our sister States, in\\npart occupied by the enemy, and that Confederate treasury notes\\nare less appreciated than in any State of the Confederacy.\\nIn March last, Major-General Magruder requested of me the\\nuse of the penitentiary as a place of confinement for the prisoners\\nof war in his district. I acceeded to his request, conditioned that\\nsuch use should not impair the material interests of the institu-\\ntion. I wrote to this effect to the superintendent and authorized\\nhim to receive the prisoners, if he was satisfied the material inter-\\nests of the institution would not suffer. The prisoners were re-\\nceived some time in the later end of April or beginning of May.\\nSubsequently doubts arose in my mind as to the propriety of the\\nstep, solely, however, upon the ground of risk to the estabish-\\nment, and not as to the propriety of its use as a place of confine-\\nment for prisoners, the enemy having frequently incarcerated our\\nsoldiers in such places. I thereupon addressed Brigadier-General\\nScurry, requesting their withdrawal, which was done. In the\\nmonth of October I received two communications from Major-\\nGeneral Magruder, again urgently requesting its use for the\\nsafe keeping of Federal prisoners of war taken at Sabine Pass.\\nMany very important reasons were adduced by him in support of\\nthe measure, but none sufficient, in my judgment, to overcome\\nmy previous objections, and which I yet entertain, viz., the risk\\nof destruction to the sole manufactory of cloth west of the Mis-\\nsissippi River, of incalculable importance, therefore, to the\\narmies of the Trans-Mississippi Department. I declined his\\nrequest. I respectfully ask the Legislature to take into consid-\\neration the propriety of using the penitentiary for such pur-\\npose.\\nIn calling for 10,000 men to fill the last requisition made\\nupon me by the commanding general of this district, I was of\\nopinion the time had arrived when the necessities of the country\\ndemanded the services of every man liable under the military\\nlaw. I therefore directed all aliens to be enrolled and subjected\\nto the draft. I am clearly of opinion that they are liable under\\nthe law. Many protests have been filed with this department,\\nand various parties, representing themselves as foreign consuls,\\nhave made applications for the release of individuals as subjects\\nof foreign powers. Their liability to draft resting solely on the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0562.jp2"}, "563": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 519\\nquestion of domicile, I have left them to pursue their remedy\\ntlirough the courts, in the meantime retainiii i- thcin as State\\nsoldiers.\\nI had hoped that ere this an occasion would have\\noffered when I could with safety to the frontier have transferred\\nthe frontier regiment to the Confederate service. I have never,\\nhowever, received such assurances of its continuance on the line,\\nor the replacing of it with other efficient troops, as would justify\\nme either in transferring or disbanding it hence it has been con-\\ntinued in State service. This little command has been charged\\nwith the defense of a line nearly five hundred miles in length.\\nThat it has not accomplished this duty to the satisfaction of all\\nthose most deeply interested is not to be wondered at. I doubt,\\nhowever, if any other regiment similarly situated could have\\ndone better.\\nI regret to say that for several months past the depredations\\nhave been very frequent. Murders have been committed and\\nhorses stolen. I fear the Indians have been instigated to these\\nacts by our barbarous Yankee enemies and the renegade whites\\namong them. My views in regard to our Indian enemies are now\\nas they have ever been. We can hope for no peace with them un-\\ntil we are in a position to dictate terms; and to do this we must\\npursue them to their own homes, chastising them with a heavy\\nhand.\\nIn calling out ti oops I have in some cases exempted the fron-\\ntier counties and held their men for local defense. I have au-\\nthorized the formation of minute companies in them, to be com-\\nposed of furloughed conscripts and those liable to State service,\\nfor the protection of the families in those exposed regions. These\\norganizations are progressing and will, I trust, render efficient\\nservice. The establishment of the northern sub-military district\\nof Texas by the Confederate authorities, and the concentration\\nof troops in that vicinity, will, I believe, aid materially in the\\ngeneral protection of the frontier.\\nIn view of the isolation of the States west of the ^lississippi\\nRiver, whereby they are thrown upon their own resources, and\\nthe great difficulties attending the receipt of arms and munitions\\nof war from east of that river, I most earnestly recommend that\\nan appropriation of not less than $1,000,000 be made, based\\nupon cotton bonds, or that cotton be purchased, to be paid for in", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0563.jp2"}, "564": {"fulltext": "520 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nbonds and that the sum so appropriated be invested in arms and\\nmunitions of war for the benefit of tlie State. Arms and muni-\\ntions could be thus speedily procured, and would enable us suc-\\ncessfully to resist an invasion by the enemy.\\nI can not close this, probably my last official communication\\nto any Legislature of Texas, without again congratulating you\\non the general prosperity of our State. Texas has indeed cause\\nto be thankful to Divine Providence for the many evidences of\\nHis sustaining arm exhibited during the progress of this great\\ncontest. She has been blessed with abundant harvests and un-\\nparalleled health and in every instance in which our people\\nhave been called to meet the ruthless invader their gallantry, with\\nthe aid of God, has been rewarded with entire success. Were it\\nnot for the great loss we have sustained in our brave men who\\nhave fallen by the sword of the enemy, and alas, too many by\\ndisease, we could scarcely realize the dreadful scenes that have\\nbeen enacted in other portions of the Confederacy. Her in-\\nternal affairs are in a most prosperous condition, and our State\\nfinances present a most encouraging view for a people engaged\\nin so great and exhausting a war.\\nWe miist be united, we must be as a band of brothers,\\nwe must and will sustain the patriotic and intellectual states-\\nman at the head of the government, the gallant commanders,\\nand their chivalrous soldiers. We will sustain the families of\\nthose bravely doing battle for our country we will forget our\\nprivate interests we will forego the love of money, ease, and\\nluxury we will all pledge ourselves to do these things, rally\\naround the standards of our bleeding country, and continue to\\nstrike as long as an armed Yankee stands upon our soil.\\nMy term of service as Governor of Texas having drawn to a\\nclose, I, upon the occasion of the inauguration of my successor,\\ndelivered a parting address, in the presence of the assembled rep-\\nresentatives of the people and a large gathering of citizens, met\\ntogether within the walls of the capitol. Many ladies graced\\nthe hall with their presence and lent inspiration to the moment.\\nIn my address I said, among other things\\nTwo years ago, called by the partiality and suffrages of the\\npeople of Texas, I, upon this stand and in this building, in the\\npresence of Almighty God, assumed to discharge the important", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0564.jp2"}, "565": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 521\\nduties incumbent upon me as the chief executive of the noble,\\nchivalrous, and patriotic State of Texas.\\nIn accordance with their mandates, and in obedience to the\\nConstitution and laws, I am here to-day to surrender those trusts\\ninto the hands of the people, and of the distinguished citizen\\nwho is entitled to assume them.\\nIn this crisis we may esteem ourselves fortunate in being\\nthus peaceably permitted to assemble and witness our State gov-\\nernment pursuing its usual functions, without the fear of in-\\nterruption from the abolition despot and his Hessian soldiery.\\nOn that occasion I swore to faithfully and impartially dis-\\ncharge and perform all the duties incumbent on me as Governor,\\naccording to the best of my skill and ability, agreeably to the\\nConstitution and laws of the State of Texas, and also to the\\nConstitution and laws of the Confederate States of America, so\\nlong as the State of Texas shall remain a member of that Con-\\nfederacy. In strict compliance with that obligation, I have\\nstudiously endeavored to discharge every duty incumbent on me.\\nThat I have acted faithfully and impartially, I know full Well.\\nIn the troublous times that have encompassed us since my eleva-\\ntion to office I could scarcely hope to conduct the affairs of a\\nState like ours, so extensive in territory, so diversified in in-\\nterests, with an exposed frontier extending from Red River to\\nthe Rio Grande, with such skill and ability as to give universal\\nand entire satisfaction.\\nWhile I have earnestly sought to discharge all the duties im-\\nposed on me as chief magistrate of the State, I most freely ad-\\nmit that the great war in which we are involved has engaged the\\nmost of my time and energy. On entering upon the duties of\\nmy office, I was fully impressed with the many responsibilities\\nI was assuming. I felt satisfied the war would be prosecuted\\nby our enemies with all the fiendish barbarity they have shown\\nthemselves so capable of inflicting upon a people so superior to\\nthem in all that constitutes manliness, virtue, and chivalry. I\\nwas convinced that no means would be left untried to reduce the\\npeople of the Southern States to the condition of liewers of\\nwood and drawers of water for their Yankee taskmasters, and\\nthat, failing in all else, they would seek finally to raise a servile\\nwar in our midsl, with the hope of ultimately subjugating or an-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0565.jp2"}, "566": {"fulltext": "522 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nnihilating us. I have not been mistaken; and if to-day every\\ncity, town, village, and farm yard is not red with the blood of our\\nwomen and children, shed by our servile population, it is not be-\\ncause our more than savage and despicable foes have not desired\\nand attempted to accomplish it. The evidence of their hellish\\ndesign they have themselves unblushingly proclaimed to an in-\\ndignant world. The skill and bravery of our generals, the en-\\nergy and heroism of our men, have thus far baffled the fiendish\\npurpose.\\nTo-day our cause looks brighter than it has for many months\\npast. In every attempt of the enemy to penetrate our State he\\nhas been signally repulsed. The invincible army of Rosecrans,\\nas vauntingly termed by a boastful press, has met with a dis-\\ngraceful and disastrous overthrow,*^ while the army of Meade\\nis reduced to a painful defensive for the protection of the North-\\nern capital. Our gallant little corps in Louisiana, strictly com-\\nposed of Texans, harasses him continually. Charleston the\\nDoomed City, still defiantly answers the thunder of his guns,\\npeal for peal, her citizens evincing a determination to bury\\nthemselves in her ruins rather than yield. Our armies every-\\nwhere are strong, in excellent condition, well fed and clothed.\\nWe are daily improving in the production of supplies at home\\nfor the use of our people and army munitions of war in abund-\\nance are being manufactured within the Confederacy; our peo-\\nple are rising daily equal to the emergency of the times, and be-\\ncoming more self-reliant and defiant.\\nA spirit of resistance is seizing hold of the very young and\\nold that will ultimately place every man able to bear arms into\\nthe service of the country. They are schooling themselves to be-\\nlieve that nothing can be valuable to them, or be worth living for,\\nunless our independence is secured.\\nThe noble women, too, of our country are ever in advance\\nof the men. They are imbued with the conviction that submis-\\nsion would leave them the slaves of most miserable and cowardly\\ntaskmasters, that they would l)e forced into association with a\\npeople whom, from their cowardly and brutal atrocities, they\\nhave learned to hate and despise. Hence they are prepared to\\nmake every sacrifice on the altar of freedom, hence it is that\\nAt the battle of Chickamauga.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0566.jp2"}, "567": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 523\\ntheir wealth is freely lavished, that we find them iu the cities\\nand towns as well as b}- the roadside, ministering with tender\\nand devoted care and assiduity to the necessities of the sick and\\nwounded soldier; that we behold them, morning, noon, and\\nnight, sewing, knitting, weaving and si)inning for the brave\\nsoldier boys; finally, they give up to their struggling country\\ntheir fathers, husbands, brothers, sons, and lovers, preferring to\\nbe orphaned, widowed, and brotherless to seeing their country\\noverrun and reduced by a people as demoralized, infidel, and\\nbarbarous as our Northern foes.\\nWith such spirit and determination animating our people,\\nwe have nothing to fear.\\nI presume that most men in the South feel as I do. I know\\nthat secession was a necessity forced upon the South and under-\\ntaken that her freedom might be preserved, and, in assisting to\\nbring about that measure, I felt that, as a good and true man,\\nI from that day belonged to my country that, whatever adversi-\\nties might follow that step, as an honest man and a patriot, I\\nshould bear them without a murmur; that all I possessed of\\nability, energy, time, property, aye, life itself, all belonged to\\nthe country, and when called for, must be laid upon the altar\\nof freedom. I resolved that, whilst this war lasted, all private\\nenterprise should be abandoned and that it would be a fraud\\nupon the people, and a crime against our sacred cause, to neg-\\nlect public duties for the pursuit of private aggrandizement.\\nI thpn spoke in appreciative terms of the men who, in the be-\\nginning, favored longer continuance in the Union but later\\nturned loyally to the defense of the State and the South when\\nthe decisive step of separation had been taken in obedience to\\nthe judgment and legally expressed will of a majority of their\\nfellow citizens. Continuing, I said\\nI have long since risen to the magnitude of the contest in\\nwhich we are involved. I believe that war war war should be\\nour all-absorbing business until we have conquered our inde-\\npendence; and while I would confine myself, and wish to see\\nall in authority keep themselves, within the limits of the Con-\\nstitution, I would have legislators, governors, judges, and people\\nfeel that it is imperative on them to make laws and execute\\nthem, whereby that Constitution, our property, our freedom.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0567.jp2"}, "568": {"fulltext": "524 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwill be i^reserved. I have felt that it was no time to fiddle while\\nEome was burning. I have felt that these were not times in\\nwhich to be over-punctillious, letting the cause of the country\\nperhaps suffer whilst discussing j)oiiits of military usage or\\netiquette.\\nWhen I entered upon the discharge of my duties, I deter-\\nmined to cherish, foster, and aid the Confederate government\\nin the prosecution of this war in every way I could legitimately\\nI knew the people so desired the Legislature so indicated. I\\nresolved it should never be said that I held back men or means\\nas long as I could control and furnish either in aid of the war.\\nI am proud of the conviction that, during my administration, I\\nhave furnished more men than have been called for.\\nAfter stating that Texas, when called upon, would in my\\nopinion be able to furnish still further troops, if proper meas-\\nures were taken in advance looking to that end, I reminded the\\nLegislature of the obligation that rested upon it to enact effec-\\ntive laws to put every available man in the service do away with\\nall exemptions; provide penalties for desertion; force aliens to\\nserve for home defense or leave the country; punish disloyalty;\\nconfiscate the property of all who had left or might thereafter\\nleave to avoid service; limit the rates of profits on merchandise\\nand the price of articles of prime necessity, and impress the\\ngoods of all extortioners, monopolizers, and engrossers, when\\nneeded for public purposes or the support of soldiers families.\\nI urged the ladies to continue in their good work of encourag-\\ning our soldiers by word and deed. I stated that I severed my\\nofficial connections at the capitol with regret, and that in doing\\nso I desired to pay a public and just tribute to the fidelity and\\ncapacity of my associates.\\nIn referring to the severance of social ties, I said: I can\\nbut admit that I do regret to give up many pleasant associations\\nconnected with my temporary sojourn at the capital. With all\\nthe cares and responsibilities resting upon me, my time has been\\nagreeably spent. Kindness has never been more universally ex-\\ntended in any place, or in any community, than has been be-\\nstowed upon me and mine by the people of Austin. So long as\\nmemory lasts, the friendships, attachments, and associations\\nformed here will cling to me and mine with pride and pleasure,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0568.jp2"}, "569": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 525\\nand in my future life I shall endeavor to so carry myself, in\\nwhatever position I may be placed, as never to forfeit the friend-\\nship and esteem of those who have so confided in and treated me.\\nI truthfully declared that I retired from office with something\\nto be prized better even than the approval of my constituents,\\nthe consciousness of having faithfully, honestly, and impartially\\ndischarged my duty.\\nIn concluding, I announced that it was my intention to con-\\ntinue in the service of the country till the end of the war.\\nThe evening of the day, November 5, 1863, that my term\\nas Governor of the State expired, I surprised my friends by ap-\\npearing at the inaugural ball of Governor Murrah in the uni-\\nform of an officer of the Confederate army. I had received the\\nappointment of assistant adjutant-general, with the rank of\\nlieutenant-colonel, from Gen. E. Kirby Smith, commanding the\\nTrans-]\\\\Iississippi Department; the appointment to take effect\\nNovember 5, 1863. In notifying me of my appointment. General\\nSmith wrote me, under date of October 22, 1863, from Shreve-\\nport. La.\\nI enclose j^ou an appointment as lieutenant-colonel in the ad-\\njutant-general s department. This is the highest appointment\\nthat has ever been made in any of the staff corps of the pro-\\nvisional army.\\nIn enclosing this appointment, let me thank you for the\\nheart}^ co-operation you have ever given, and for the zeal and\\nself-sacrificing patriotism you have displayed in the true interest\\nof the Confederacy, while exercising the functions of chief ex-\\necutive of your State.\\nMy appointment was approved by the President and eon-\\nfirmed by the Senate, March 16, 1864.\\nIn retiring from the governorship, T did so with the conscious-\\nness of having performed my duty fully. With all my energy,\\nI worked at the diversified duties of my office The I rontier de-\\nfense, as if the safety of my scalp depended u]ion success; the\\npenitentiary, as if I were to be sent there if its manufactories\\nwere not made useful to the fullest extent; the organization of\\ntroops, as if I expected to march at their head for military glory\\nthe comfort of the families of soldiers, as if they were all person-\\nally my friends the protection of the coast, until we had a\\nmanufactory for heavy ordnance and the State owned the Bayou", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0569.jp2"}, "570": {"fulltext": "526 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCity, that did good service iu our waters; the distilleries, with\\nas much enthusiasm as a prohibitionist (that we might have\\nmore and cheaper bread, and better disciplined soldiers). I\\ngave attention to the home arrangements for women to weave\\nand spin (procuring cards and thread to make clothes for their\\nhusbands and children) to the comfort of the sick in hospitals,\\nas well as our soldiers in the field. Nor did I overlook thie\\nblind, deaf and dumb, and insane institutions, though, of course,\\nthey were not supported as in peaceful times. In every respect,\\nmilitary as well as civil, I duly considered the importance of\\neconomy in the expenditure of all public funds.\\nAs soon as the control of the Mississippi was lost to us, all\\nthe energy I possessed, all the arguments I could advance, all the\\ninfluences I could bring to bear were exerted to solidify the\\nStatrs west of that river in an earnest and determined adherence\\nto the cause of the entire South. My whole heart and soul in-\\ntent upon the successful termination of her struggle for inde-\\npendence, I was no stickler for any particular plan, stood not\\nfoolishly upon my dignity, or for that of any other person. I was\\nnot squeamish^* how affairs made progress by this plan, or by\\nthat, if they were honorable. I only wished them to move onward\\nto victory for the Confederacy.\\nI was on friendly terms with all of the commanders of Texas\\nand of the department of the Trans-Mississippi, and conferred\\nfreely with them, and, asked or unasked, advised as I thought\\nbest for the public good. If they called for men, I got them;\\nif for anything else that the State could furnish, they were\\nwelcome to have it.\\nAnd though we were defeated and had to go through the ordeal\\nof reconstruction, and while I am content with the issue of\\nevents, more especially so as the Democratic party is in control\\nof the South, and its liberties are therefore secure, I look back\\nupon the past with pride, and not regret, for its story, rightly\\ntold, will challenge the admiration of mankind as long as civic\\n8 4 There was nothing that showed Governor Lubbock s singleness of\\npurpose in his devotion to the public interest more clearly than his\\nhearty acquiescence in all measures tending to this end without raising\\ncaptious objections or constitutional questions. His motto was to win\\nour independence first and the hair splitting legal quibbles could be set-\\ntled afterwards. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0570.jp2"}, "571": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 527\\nvirtue and Spartan valor shall find admirers upon the earth, and\\na single worshiper shall bend before the shrine of constitu-\\ntional liberty.\\nThe struggle on the part of the Southern people was a right-\\neous one, and bravely and grandly made. As a participant in it\\nI sought to do my full duty. My recollection of its incidents,\\nand of the heroes, statesmen, patriots, and soldiers who moved\\namid its stormy, shifting, and trying scenes, are treasured as\\nthe holiest memories that remain with me to stir the pulses of\\nmy heart and cheer the closing hours of my declining life. The\\nblood, the heart, the brain of the grand old Confederate host\\nthat made such a heroic struggle for their States rights in the\\nsixties, is the heritage of their descendants, who will, I trust,\\nmake the South, if not like the Old South in manner, like, it in\\nspirit brave, noble, and honestlv intelligent.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0571.jp2"}, "572": {"fulltext": "528 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTEE TWENTY-EIGHT.\\nBanks Expedition to the Rio Grande Colonels Haynes and Davis and\\nGovernor Hamilton My Assignment to Duty on Magruder s Staff\\nOur Need of Arms Confronting the Enemy on Matagorda Bay\\nBaptism of Fire No French Intervention Change of Base by the\\nEnemy.\\nThe Yankees, driven from Galveston and foiled at Sabine\\nPass, fitted out an expedition under General Dana to proceed to\\nthe Eio Grande for the purpose of invading Texas from the west.\\nAfter a stormy passage of a week s duration, the fleet, with the\\nThirteenth army corps, arrived off Brazos Santiago in bad plight.\\nOn landing, General Banks, who accompanied the expedition,\\nsent the following dispatch to General Halleck and the Presi-\\ndent of the United States The flag of the Union floated\\nover Texas to-day (November 2, 1863) at meridian precisely.\\nThis declaration was intended to make known to the world that\\nUnion troops were on the soil for the purpose of subjugating\\nTexas, and was in the nature of notice served on the French to\\nkeep hands off. Frank Gildart, a Texan refugee who de-\\nserted to us immediately after landing, reported that the Yan-\\nkees had lost on the trip three steamboats, four schooners, all\\ntheir artillery except two six-pounders, and all their horses ex-\\ncept about TOO, but had preserved and brought in with them all\\ntheir ammunition. There was other and corroborative evidence\\nthat the voyage had been disastrous. Banks subsequently ex-\\npressed the opinion that he could not have effected a landing if\\nas determined resistance had been offered as that encountered\\nat Sabine Pass. He met with no opposition at Brazos Santiago.\\nOn the enemy s advance to Brownsville General Bee evacuated\\nthat post and fell back to the Confederate line of frontier de-\\nfense, carrying with him an immense quantity of government\\nstores.\\nWith Dana s expedition were the regiments of Colonels\\nHaynes and E. J. Davis, about 750 men all told. Haynes\\nregiment was known as the Mustangs. These officers expected\\nto fill up their skeleton regiments to their maximum strength", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0572.jp2"}, "573": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 529\\nwith Texan renegades, but in this anticipation were somewhat\\ndisappointed, as this class as a rule were in extremely destitute\\ncircumstances, or burdened with the care of families, and did\\nnot care to enlist in the army. A. J. Hamilton, who had re-\\nmained in New Orleans till advised of the Federal occupation\\nof Brownsville, repaired promptly to army headquarters on the\\nRio Grande. He had been, on the intercession of Governor Gil-\\nmore, of iS ew Hampshire, reappointed by President Lincoln mil-\\nitary governor of Texas, and he proposed at once to assume the\\nfunctions of his office. On his demand the Governor of the\\nState of Tamaulipas extradited one of the Confederate Texans\\nMdio had abducted from Mexican soil and executed one Captain\\nMontgomery, claiming to belong to the United States army;\\nbut for want of civil tribunals to try the case the prisoner was\\nturned over to the military authorities for final disposition.\\nHamilton s bull-headedness soon made trouble with the Mexican\\nauthorities on the Eio Grande, and the ridiculous farce of a gov-\\nernment possessing no power outside the range of Federal guns\\ncame to an untimely (or rather timely) end, unwept, un-\\nhonored, and unsung.\\nBanks plan of campaign being now to invade Texas from the\\nEio Grande, his ships proceeded rapidly along the coast east-\\nward, driving inland or capturing small Texan garrisons. Point\\nIsabel and Corpus Christi were occupied, the works at Aransas\\nPass captured with about 100 prisoners, and Fort Esperanza,\\ncommanding Pass Cavallo, the entrance to Matagorda Bay,\\ntaken, the garrison escaping. Gen. C. C. Washburne commanded\\na division of 6000 veterans, operating in the country about Mat-\\nagorda Bay.\\nOn the advance of the Yankees General Magruder moved his\\narmy westward to meet them. After making a tour of inspec-\\ntion of his lines with his staff as far westward as Victoria, he re-\\nturned and established his temporary headquarters at Rugely s\\nplantation, on the San Bernard. It was here, early in Decem-\\nber, that I found (reneral Magruder and took my place on his\\nstaff as assistant adjutant-general with the rank of lieutenant-\\ncolonel.\\nThe general had already, by proclamation, disclaimed any in-\\n34", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0573.jp2"}, "574": {"fulltext": "530 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntention of abandoning the western^ country, and boasted of his\\nstrong worlis near San Antonio and Austin, lately constructed by\\nimpressed slaves, and proposed to dispute every inch of ground\\nwith the invader. The enemy took Magruder at his word, and\\nsoon slowed up to a dead halt in his front. In apprehension of\\nthe worst. Col. Stephen H. Darden was ordered to destroy the\\nrailroad from Indianola to Victoria, and thus impede the advance\\nof the enemy inland. The circumstance that constrained us in\\nour operation more than any other was the lack of arms. To se-\\ncure 16,000 Enfield rifles just released from seizure (by the\\nFrench government) at Vera Cruz, General Magruder made an\\nearnest appeal to the Cotton Bureau through Col. W. J. Hutch-\\nins, saying These arms from Vera Cruz, if we get them at all,\\nwill come in lots of about 1000. They may cost as high as $60\\neach but cost what they may, we must have them. The State of\\nTexas and the whole Trans-Mississippi Department are in the\\ngreatest peril.\\nEvery other interest must yield to this paramount necessity.\\nThere must be no delay and no obstacle of any nature\\ninterposed to protract or endanger the accomplishment of this\\npurpose. At the present price of cotton and present value of our\\ncurrency, it will require an immense amount of cotton to pay\\nfor the arms. I presume the price of cotton in specie at Hous-\\nton is about 4 cents per pound in our currency, about 40 cents.\\nIn strict confidence, all that portion of our troops which\\nare armed at all are badly armed, and fully one-fourth of tlie\\narmy are entirely without arms.\\nTo another agent of the Cotton Bureau, James Sorley, of\\nHoiiston, he wrote, December 21st On the subject of arms,\\nI must say that the safety of the country demands them at any\\nsacrifice, and that no time is to be lost. I have thousands of men\\nentirely unarmed. So great is the need, that all the cot-\\nton in Texas should speedily be sold (if possible) by the gov-\\nernment for 30,000 stand of arms and their appropriate am-\\nmunition. We can exist without other things, but can not with-\\nout arms.\\nA few small lots of arms were procured at intervals, but notb-\\nThese works at Austin on the heights south of the river remained\\nundisturbed for years, as reminders of the war.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0574.jp2"}, "575": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS, 531\\ning like enough to supply our needs, and what we did have were\\nof inferior quality. This irremediable condition ultimately\\nproved fatal to our cause. The Yankees in our front were well\\nsupplied with arms and everything else necessary for campaign-\\ning, and outnumbered us more than two to one.\\nUnder these untoward circumstances demoralization spread\\nrapidly in the Confederate ranks, followed by desertions; but\\na prompt cheek was j^ut to desertions by the enforcement of\\nmeasures adopted for that purpose.^\\nGeneral Magruder was very active in inspecting our lines\\nand reconnoitering the movements of the enemy. With his staff,\\nand sometimes a small escort, he was almost every day in the\\nsaddle, visiting our outposts to ascertain the strength of our\\npositions and the spirit of the troops. In this way, early in\\nDecember, we traversed the Old Caney country, stopping awhile\\nat Hawkins plantation and other hospitable places, and inspect-\\ning the works on the San Bernard. In returning we visited Ve-\\nlasco, everywhere finding along the front our gallant boys ready\\nand eager for combat. The Yankees were quiet, perhaps await-\\ning reinforcements. Consequently there was little picket fight-\\ning. Notwithstanding this lull, we kept strictly on the qui vive,\\nholding ourselves in readiness to move at the word of com-\\nmand.\\nNever, in the pressure of civil business, had I neglected, when\\nunavoidably absent, to write to Mrs. Lubbock; nor did I now\\nomit to do so amid the exacting duties of the camp. Our mar-\\nried life, extending over nearly thirty years, had been a happy\\none. Eealizing her anxiety, I wrote quite frequently such letters\\nCapture them [i. e. deserters] ordered Magruder, and bring\\nthem with their hands bound to these headquarters. Shoot them down\\nto a man should they resist or refuse to surrender, or attempt to make\\ntheir escape after being captured.\\n8 Sioux, the war correspondent of the Galveston Nms, under date\\nof December 12, 1863, in the saddle, Matagorda County, thus describes\\nthe situation: Everything is in the dark yet as to the plans of the\\nenemy. We have seen many of the more distinguished Texans\\nnow in the field. We have met Lieut. -Col. Frank Lubbock,\\njust out of the gubernatorial chair. He is in full uniform and I expect\\nto see him do wonders when he meets the enemy, and if he can win as\\nmany laurels in the field as in the ranks of civil life, as displayed in\\npiloting Texas, he will do more than his friends expect of him. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0575.jp2"}, "576": {"fulltext": "532 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nof cheer and hope as I could under the circumstances of our en-\\nforced separation.\\nWith their increasing numbers, the Yankees a few weeks later\\nin January became more active, and from their ships shelled at\\nvarious times our works at the mouths of the Caney, San Ber-\\nnard, and Brazos rivers. We managed, however, to hold our\\nown at these places, and to drive off their ships, with some dam-\\nage, doubtless. Our river fleet, under Commodore Leon Smith,\\nproved quite serviceable in this emergency, furnishing transpor-\\ntation, making short cruises along the coast, and giving quick\\nnotice of the movements of the enemy. The Yankees in our\\nimmediate front and down the coast were estimated at 25,000\\nmen, while our army, including Tom Green s division, called\\nin from Louisiana, and the State militia, did not exceed 10,000\\nmen. But these Confederate troops were nearly all veterans,\\nand second to none in fighting qualities especially was this true\\nof Green s command, comprising the old Sibley brigade, under\\nCol. W. P. Hardeman, and the brigade of Gen. J. P. Major.\\nNot daring to attack our lines in force, the Yankees contented\\nthemselves with occasional shelling of our exposed works and\\npetty depredations along the coast.\\nOur service on the coast during the latter part of the winter of\\n1863-4 was at times very hard owing to the severely cold weather.\\nE. P. Turner, A. A. G., in a letter to headquarters respecting a\\nbridge at Hinkle s ferry that Captain Howe with his engineer\\ntroop was engaged in constructing, said in reference to the\\nweather The health of the troops, considering the intensity\\nof the cold, continues good; for example. Colonel De Bray in-\\nformed me to-day that not 100 of his brigade were unfit for ser-\\nvice on account of sickness. The animals, also, have stood the\\nrigor of the weather better than we imagined.\\nWe lost quite a number of our gallant young soldiers who were\\nfrozen to death^^ in an attempt to make an attack upon a de-\\ntachment of the enemy that had landed upon our coast from\\nthe blockading squadron. The same night I made a very nar-\\n8 8 Fourteen. Their clothing became saturated with water. Not be-\\ning able to secure fuel, or to reach a fire, they were frozen to death and\\ntheir bodies found by a searching party sent in quest of them next\\nmorning. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0576.jp2"}, "577": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 533\\nrow escape on a trip down Galveston beach. 1 was ordered to\\ngo down the island on a reconnoissance the night became very\\ncold for that section extremely cold. I was in my saddle un-\\ntil near daylight, when I rode up to Colonel Buchel s camp, al-\\nmost in a lifeless condition. I was lifted from my horse and\\nplaced in the musicians tent between the warm blankets of a\\nbed just vacated, where I went to sleep. Awaking about noon,\\nquite revived, I was supplied with good strong coffee and break-\\nfast. I then proceeded to headquarters. Had I not reached\\nthis refuge as soon as I did I would have lost my life.\\nThe only time I was under fire during this campaign was on\\nan occasion when T had gone to the Confederate earthworks at\\nthe mouth of the San Bernard under orders from General Ma-\\ngruder, to learn the facts as to the reported appearance of Fed-\\neral war vessels off that point. When near there I turned back\\na crowd of stragglers and went with them to the fort. Soon\\nafter our arrival a heavy fire was opened upon us from the ships,\\nthe shells bursting in and around the fort. I had just remarked\\nto the men that there was no danger, when a shell exploded in\\nour midst, knocking over one of them. Our men, however, re-\\nplied with spirit, and the enemy, if he meditated a landing,\\nthought better of it and finally drew off.\\nThe Yankees busied themselves in making fortifications down\\nthe coast, especially on Matagorda peninsula and near Indianola.\\nTheir next form of activity was in getting out of Texas early\\nin 1864, reducing their army here by degrees. The Federal gov-\\nernment had not found the easy sailing expected in Texas, and\\na change of policy was now being effected, as soon became ap-\\nparent to us.\\nBafiled in the west as he had been in the east, Banks was\\nnext to invade Texas by way of Eed River, and his forces on our\\ncoast soon began to disappear. The Yankees excused their de-\\nfeat by saying their occupation of our coast was not so much a\\nmilitary movement as it was a political measure to save Texas\\nfrom being plucked away from the Confederacy by France. On\\nthe assurance from ]\\\\Iinister Corwin, in Mexico, that the French\\nauthorities there disclaimed any intention of interfering in our\\nwar in behalf of Texas, President Lincoln removed his army\\nfrom the Texan gulf region, leaving only a few garrisons on the\\nRio Grande.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0577.jp2"}, "578": {"fulltext": "534 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTER TWENTY-NINE.\\nRace of Armies for Red River Field Transportation Transferred to\\nGen. Tom Green s Staff Travel with Servant and Pack Mule to the\\nFront On Death of General Green Assigned to Duty on General\\nWharton s Staff Mansfield Pleasant Hill Yankee Retreat^\\nMonett s Ferry Alexandria Mansura Norwood Horrible Bar-\\nbarities of the Enemy End of Campaign Return Home with Gen-\\neral Wharton Again at the Front in Louisiana.\\nThe Yankee plan of invasion being known, there was a race\\nfor Red River. The Yankees, however, proceeding by water,\\nbeat us to the new theater of war in Louisiana.\\nUnfortunately, about this time a dispute arose between Gov-\\nernor Murrah and General Magruder as to the proper construc-\\ntion of the last conscription law of Congress. Hurrah s refusal\\nto co-operate with Magruder made the act a dead letter in Texas.\\nGen. E. Kirby Smith sustained Magruder and remonstrated\\nwith the Governor, but -n vain. Finally Smith appealed to Pres-\\nident Davis for a decision of the matter, sending him all the\\ncorrespondence.\\nOn the departure of the Yankees, Magruder sent every avail-\\nable soldier that could be spared to Louisiana. It was a long,\\ntedious march of hundreds of miles through a country mostly\\ndestitute of supplies. But there was no help for it; and early\\nin March our brave fellows, horse, foot, and artillery, set out\\ncheerily on the great march to meet the foe.\\nIn the organization of the staff the previous winter at Camp\\nWharton I was made, in addition to my office as assistant ad-\\njutant-general in the field, inspector of field transportation. It\\nwas now my pressing duty to arrange the transportation for the\\narmy to Louisiana. Our forces from the coast, Terrell s regi-\\nment from Tyler, and all other spare troops from Texas, were\\neverywhere hurrying eastward to oppose the invader ascending\\nRed River valley in the flush of expected triumph. At the\\nsame time Steele, with 15,000 men and twenty-five pieces of\\nartillery, was marching from Little Rock on Shreveport. In his\\npathway stood General Price with a force of less than 10,000", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0578.jp2"}, "579": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 535\\nmt ii, though reinforced by Maxey s two brigades from the In-\\ndian Territory.\\nattended, on horseback, the march of the various regiments\\nto Louisiana, ascertained the character of transportation, and\\napportioned the wagons according to their respective needs, un-\\nder instructions. In this way 1 visited the commands of Buchel^\\nDe Bray, Terrell, Pyron, Woods, Green, Likens, Bagby, ^lajors,\\nand Hardeman, and mingled more or less with the men in social\\ntalk. I was much gratified to observe their indomitable will and\\ndetermination to drive the invader from our borders. In a word,\\nthe morale qf the Texan troops in 1864 was most excellent.\\nMy staff service while with General Magruder was agreeable\\nand instructive. He had about him a bright, active corps of\\nyoung officers, several of them having served with him in Vir-\\nginia in the beginning of the war, where he made a brilliant\\nrecord, as he had done in 1846-7 in the war between Mexico and\\nthe United States.\\nHaving provided wpgons and discharged the other duties as-\\nsigned me in connection with the movement of Texas troops to\\nLouisiana, I had no desire to remain in Texas to discharge quasi-\\ncivil duties. Our army was then in daily conflict with Banks in\\nLouisiana, and as I had become a soldier I desired service in\\nthe field. I therefore applied to General Magruder and re-\\nceived permission to report to Gen. Tom Green, who was an\\noldtime friend of mine, and had said that he would with pleas-\\nure find service for me. I parted with General Magruder with\\nmutual regret. He remained in Texas in command of his de-\\npartment. I had, wdiile Governor, many opportunities of know-\\ning and observing his ability and his great patriotism, and had\\nlearned to appreciate his services to Texas. Our relations at\\nthat time were of the most cordial character, and after I became\\na subaltern and one of his military family, I found in him a\\nconsiderate, as well as active, energetic, and fearless commander.\\nAbout the 10th of April, 1864, I loft his headquarters to Join\\nGeneral Green, commanding the cavalry then operating in the\\narmy of the western district of Louisiana.\\nI stopped at Houston to see my wife. After this slight delay\\nI started for my destination, riding my well-trained saddle-\\nhorse Shiloh, and attended by my servant Eli, mounted on a", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0579.jp2"}, "580": {"fulltext": "536 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsubstantial pony and leading Gim Crack/ another of my horses,\\nto serve me as an extra mount. I carried along with me, on a\\npack mule, such articles as would prove most useful in what I\\nanticipated would be a long and arduous campaign, and an\\nabundant supply of provisions. The latter piece of foresight\\nstood me in good stead. The distance to be traversed in reaching\\nheadquarters in Louisiana exceeded 300 miles. Heavy rains had\\nfallen, the muddy roads were cut up all the way by the passage\\nof wagon trains, and part of the region I had to pass through\\nwas stripped of food and forage by the march and countermarch\\nof armies. But my pack mule with supplies rendered me inde-\\npendent, and I camped out as a matter of preference. My serv-\\nant was an excellent cook, and he made everything comfortable\\naround the campfire, even to the spreading of my blankets on\\nthe ground for a bed.\\nThe country along the roads wore an air of desolation. Old\\nmen, boys, women, children, and a few cripples were occasionally\\nmet with, but no able-bodied men.\\nCrossing the Sabine at Clapp s ferry, I proceeded to Shreve-\\nport, La. The report of the death of General Green (killed at\\nBlair s Landing by a cannon shot) met me before I reached that\\nplace, and was confirmed on my arrival there by General Tay-\\nlor, and made me sad indeed. I had long known Green, and\\nloved him like a brother.\\nGeneral Taylor, in a touching order issued upon the death of\\nGeneral Green, said: Throughout broad Texas, throughout\\ndesolated Louisiana, mourning saddens every heart. More than\\nthis, it might be added, the whole Southland mourned the loss\\nof this great Texan.\\nBen McCulloeh and Tom Green were gunner-boys for the\\nTwin Sisters at San Jacinto. The first named fell at Elk-\\nhorn, in 1862. And now the gallant Green had given up his life\\nfor Texas.\\nBoth were incomparable fighters in all the wars of Texas.\\nLittle cared they for the intricacies of politics; but they loved\\nTexas as children love their mothers, and when danger threat-\\nened their swords were always unsheathed for her defense, re-\\ngardless of the merits of the controversy, and regardless of the\\ncharacter of the foe, whether Indian, Mexican, or Yankee. They", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0580.jp2"}, "581": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0581.jp2"}, "582": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0582.jp2"}, "583": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 537\\nrepresented the highest ideal of Southern patriotism, and were\\nin their bearing, character, and lives su2)erb types of the South-\\nern soldier.\\nThe death of General Green left me without a place, and I\\nhad to be reassigned. General Taylor and I were old accpuiin-\\ntances our wives were cousins. He gave me a hearty Avelcome\\nto the army, assuring me that every available man was needed,\\nas there was fighting to be done every day.\\nGeneral Taylor was in command in Louisiana, Gen. E. Kirby\\nSmith having gone with two divisions of infantry to reinforce\\nPrice and force Steele (shut up in Camden) to surrender.\\nThe principal incidents of the campaign that had transpired\\nup to this time were the checking of Banks onward march, when\\nhe had reached a point within twenty miles of the Texas line,\\nby the battles of Mansfield and Pleasant Hill.\\nNear Mansfield, on Sunday, April 8th, General Taylor, with-\\nout waiting for orders, surprised the Yankees in their disorderly\\nmarch by a furious attack, which resulted in another Bull Run\\nstampede. The battle occurred on the day set apart for fasting\\nand prayer by President Davis.\\nBanks bad generalship had exposed his army to destruction,\\nand Taylor, taking advantage of it, with 9000 ill-equipped Con-\\nfederates, beat in detail double his number of the best troops in\\nthe Yankee army, always managing to overwhelm the enemy\\nwith superior forces at every contested point.\\nThe Yankees lost at Mansfield 2500 prisoners, 250 army\\nwagons well laden with military supplies, and twenty pieces of\\nartillery, and fell back to Pleasant Hill on their way to Red\\nRiver. The next day our army (reinforced by Cliurchiirs divi-\\nsion), 13,000 strong and flushed with victory, attacked Banks\\nwhole army, and a desperate conflict ensued. Perha])s it would\\nhave been considered a drawn battle had not the Y ankees, under\\nthe cover of night, resumed their disorderly retreat, leaving on\\nthe field their uncared for wounded and unburied dead. Our\\nlosses in both battles amounted to about 2500 men, while the\\nY ankee losses were probably three times that number.\\nIn a day or two after I reached headquarters, Maj.-Gen. John\\nA. Wharton, who had gained reputation as a commander of cav-\\nalry in the Army of Tennessee, arrived from east of the IMissis-\\nsippi. He was on leave of absence, to recuperate his broken", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0583.jp2"}, "584": {"fulltext": "538\\nLUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nhealth at his home in Texas. I was just from home, in health,\\nand with good camp supplies, while he was broken down and\\npoorly provided with camp necessaries. I divided my blankets\\nwith him, and was with him during the next month s active cam-\\npaign.\\nGeneral Wharton had been selected by General Taylor at\\nShreveport to succeed Green in the command of the cavalry,\\nthough his formal appointment was not made till a few days\\nGEN. JOHN A. WHAKTON, C S A.\\nlater. He immediately offered me a position on his staff as\\nassistant adjutant-general, with the rank of lieutenant-colonel,\\nwhich I gladly accepted.*\\nGeneral Taylor and staff, and Wharton and myself, attended\\nby a small escort, set out from Shreveport on the 19th for the\\narmy, near Grand Ecore. Our route lay for the most part\\nalong a dismal sandy road, through a country thoroughly rav-\\nNext to Tom Green, Wharton was thought to be the ablest cavalry\\ncommander in the Trans-Mississippi Department. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0584.jp2"}, "585": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 539\\naged by Banks demoralized retreating army. When in camp\\nnear the Pleasant Hill battleground, Wharton received his for-\\nmal appointment as commander of all the cavalry in Louisiana,\\nand we went on our way rejoicing. Three days continuous ride\\nbrought us all to General Polignac s camp, in the vicinity of\\nthe enemy. Banks made a demonstration on our lines the even-\\ning of our arrival, but it turned out to be only a feint to hide\\nhis retreat. That night he withdrew all his force, about 15,000\\nmen, to the west side of Red River, at Grand Ecore, and burned\\na vast quantity of military stores there before continuing his\\nflight at dawn. The army in Louisiana had been so depleted by\\nGeneral Smith for the Arkansas campaign that it did not now\\nexceed 5000 men.^ Still, something could be done to harass\\nand damage the enemy, and no time was to be lost.\\nSteele s Texas brigade of cavalry was then at Polignac s head-\\nquarters, and General Wharton put himself at its head, and we\\nset out in hot pursuit of the fleeing enemy. We struck the Fed-\\neral rear guard heavily at ISTatchitoches, and drove the enemy\\ncontinuously till night, inflicting severe losses and taking\\njnany prisoners. I had received my baptism of fire under Ma-\\ngruder, but this all-day fight of April 28, 1864, was my first\\nbattle. The exciting evolutions on the field, the artillery firing,\\nalternating with volleys of musketry, and the ebb and flow of\\nthe hostile lines, for it was Greek meeting Greek, all made\\nan ineffaceable impression on my memory. Resuming the at-\\ntack early the next day on the enemy s rear, we drove him to\\nCloutierville, where he made a stand but after a severe fight, fell\\nback several miles beyond his works. Before light on the 24th\\nour artillery opened fire on the enemy s camp. Springing to\\narms, the Yankees fought till 2 p. m., when, retiring, they crossed\\nCane River at Monett s ferry, and escaped to Alexandria. Po-\\nlignac s division got up in time to engage the enemy s rear at\\nMonett s.\\nConsidering the disparity of numbers and the results achieved, this\\ncampaign is one of the most remarkable in military history. Ed.\\n1 General Taylor officially says: The force used against us was very\\ngreat and of all arms, and it is difficult to estimate the importance of\\nthe service rendered by Wharton, Steele, and Parson.s. The gallantry\\nand pluck they exhibited in fighting such odds for three days is beyond\\npraise.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0585.jp2"}, "586": {"fulltext": "540 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nGeneral Bee had been holding Monett s ferry with four bri-\\ngades of cavalry (Bagby, De Bray, Terrell, and Majors, senior\\ncolonels commanding) and four batteries but after a desperate\\nstruggle with Banks main army for a day or more, was com-\\npelled to give way. This was a vital point, and its surrender\\nirritated General Taylor very much at the time. Bee was after-\\nwards vindicated, and General Taylor, when informed of all the\\ncircumstances, made the proper acknowledgments. Monett s\\nferry cost the Yankees 400 or 500 men and a large number of\\nwagons with supplies but its capture made their escape j)ossi-\\nble. The demoralized enemy in their retreat left no houses or\\nfences, stock or supplies, behind them. Everything of any possi-\\nble value was taken or destroyed.^^ Our prompt advance was\\nall that saved Natchitoches and Cloutierville from destruction,\\nboth towns having been fired in several 2:)laces before we entered\\nthem. Hoping for the best, our brave little army pressed on after\\nthe vandals. Wharton, together with Bee and Steele, on the\\n26th attacked the enemy in the valley near McXutt s Hill, and\\ndrove him with considerable loss to the vicinity of Alexandria.\\nThe next day Colonels Likens and Harrison attacked four gun-\\nboats and two transports on the river. One gunboat, the East-\\nport, struck on a bar and was blown up to avoid capture. Fur-\\nther down the stream another gunboat was disabled at the\\nmouth of Caney, and a lucky shot from our battery burst the\\nboiler of one of the transports. Besides this, the main dam-\\nage to the enemy that day was the killing or wounding of nearly\\n300 men, principally negroes stolen from the plantations above,\\nand some valuable army stores captured. Our loss was one\\nkilled and one wounded. The other transport, with all on board,\\nwas captured without loss the next day. The two remaining\\ngunboats ran past our battery of four guns at the mouth of\\nCaney, but with considerable damage, one boat suffering a loss\\nof fifteen killed and wounded.\\nIt was a continuous fight with the enemy on both banks of the\\nriver, and a fight in the river for their boats.\\nAbout the last of April Banks, with 80,000 men, was cooped\\nSmith s corps acted worse than Banks generally in Louisiana.\\nThey had learned from General Sherman, their commander, that war\\nis hell, and were habituated to burning and plunder.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0586.jp2"}, "587": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 541\\nup in Alexandria, and Admiral Porter was also there with his\\nmagnificent fleet of fifty vessels unable to get over the falls be-\\nlow the town.\\nOur little army of less than 50U0 men on the outside kept the\\nbeaten enemy well in hand, and always in dread of surprise.\\nThe campaign was growing more exciting. There was a pros-\\npect of reinforcements at least to the extent of Watkins di-\\nvision of 2500 infantry, and Porter s gunboat fleet appeared,\\nin that event, almost a sure prize.\\nGeneral Taylor, dividing his small force, sent out detach-\\nments in various directions to harass the enemy in every possible\\nway. Wharton put Steele above and west of Alexandria, Bagby\\non the Bceuf road, and Majors and his brigade at Davidge s\\nferry on Eed River, twenty-five miles below. With these new\\ndispositions, fighting was at once renewed at every available\\npoint the Louisiana general Liddell, at Pineville, on the north\\nbank of Red River Bagby on the Bayou Robert road, and Steele\\non the Rapides road, all engaging the enemy in the most de-\\ntermined manner.\\nGeneral Majors had the most brilliant success on the river\\nbelow, capturing and sinking on the 1st of May the transport\\nEmma; he captured a few days later the transport City Belle\\nwith the One Hundred and Twentieth Ohio regiment on board.\\nOn the -ith the gunboats Covington and Signal, eight guns each,\\nconvoying the transport Warner, tried to pass Majors battery\\nunder Captain West. The Signal, after being disabled, sur-\\nrendered with the transport Warner, but the crew blew up the\\nCovington to avoid capture. Our four guns in the battery were\\nrun up by hand close to the river bank, and won the victory by\\nclose, rapid, and well directed firing.\\nBanks army was now effectually cut off from communication\\nwith the Mississippi. Every boat trying to ascend Red River\\nhad been foiled by our battery at Davidge s ferry, and things\\nlooked blue for the enemy. Meanwhile, the Federals at Alexan-\\ndria were working to devise a scheme for passing their fleet over\\nthe falls and with their characteristic energy and pluck finally\\nsucceeded by means of a dam with sand bags, compressing the\\nriver into narrow limits and deepening the channel thereby. The\\nfleet, or the best part of it, for some ships were destroyed, passed", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0587.jp2"}, "588": {"fulltext": "542 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nover the falls on the 13th of May Banks army, after burning\\nAlexandria, the next day resumed their retreat down the river.\\nOur little force disputed every inch of ground with the enemy,\\nbut his immense superiority in numbers and resources made suc-\\ncessful resistance impossible. The Federals had still left a train\\nof more than 300 wagons, but they were kept closed up and well\\nguarded with cavalry. The Confederates were pushed back stead-\\nily by weight of numbers as far as Mansura. A rapid concentra-\\ntion at this place enabled us to give battle with some chance of\\nsuccess against the over-confident enemy, marching with some\\ndisorder.\\nThe town of Mansura was in the center of our position. Gen-\\nerals Major and Bagby, with nineteen pieces of artillery, were on\\nour right, and Polignac, reinforced by De Bray s Texas regi-\\nments, held our left with thirteen pieces of artillery. At dawn\\nthe enemy s infantry began skirmishing with our cavalry. By\\nsunrise the Federals, about 16,000 strong cavalry, infantry, and\\nartillery appeared, advancing cautiously on the great Avoyelles\\nprairie. Our force did not exceed a third of this. But the dense\\nmasses of blue coats presented a fine mark for our batteries, and,\\nby permission of the chief of artillery, I touched ofi^ the first gun\\non their lines. Halting, the Federals placed their artillery in\\nposition and opened upon us a furious fire. Pending this storm\\nof shot and shell, I galloped with orders to various parts of our\\nline, one for Colonel Hardeman Old Gotch to reinforce our\\nhard-pressed left by a detachment of his command. He did not\\nlike to separate his command, but he promptly obeyed orders,\\nafter a few not overpolite expletives to give vent to his feelings.\\nColonel Hardeman held his position, in line on the right, witli\\npart of Majors brigade, the First Louisiana State Guard, and\\nColonel Gould s regiment.\\nColonel Gould raised the question of rank with Colonel Har-\\ndeman, saying, I don t know that you rank me. Colonel Harde-\\nman. To whioli Old Gotch grimly replied: I don t know,\\nmyself, and I don t care a d All T want to know is, whether\\nyou will obey my orders. Under the pressure of circumstances,\\nColonel Gould good humoredly yielded the point. The hot work\\nbefore them so wholly engrossed their attention that the little\\ndispute was soon forgotten, and each did his duty gallantly.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0590.jp2"}, "589": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 543\\nThe battle raged with fury a good part of the day, with vary-\\ning fortunes. We were gradually pressed back by weight of\\nnumbers, and the enemy paid dearly for his laurels, if he gained\\nany.\\nThe second day afterward (May 18th) we had another sharp\\nencounter with the retreating enemy at Norwood, inflicting\\nheavy damages.\\nGeneral Taylor, on the 19th, by complimentary order, ex-\\npressed his high appreciation of the gallantry and conduct of\\nWharton s corps of cavalry and Polignac s division of infantry\\nin the actions of the 16th and 18th. At Mansura, says the\\norder, the enemy s whole army was kept back for five hours, his\\ncharges repvilsed with heavy loss, and at the proper time our\\nlittle force was withdrawn from his front, to be thrown upon his\\nflanks and rear. The skillful dispositions made by\\nMajor-General Wharton, commanding on the field in both these\\nengagements, stamp him as a soldier of high capacity and equal\\nto any position.\\nI was not at Norwood s plantation, the last of this series of\\nbattles. I was at the headquarters tent attending to a large\\namount of office business that had accumulated and that I had\\nbeen ordered by the general to dispose of, when the action oc-\\ncurred.\\nTowards night the ambulances commenced coming in with the\\nwounded. I expressed my surprise, as no fighting was expected.\\nWhen General Wharton returned, I told him that I felt hurt\\nthat he should have assigned me to office work that day. He re-\\nplied that the battle was brought on unexpectedly that when he\\nstarted out in the morning he had no idea that he would engage\\nthe enemy.\\nIt was a fierce battle. We lost many good and true officers and\\nmen. We held the battleground, the enemy crossing the Atchafa-\\nlaya beyond our reach, and leaving their dead and wounded on\\nthe field.\\nThe campaign closed here, the point at which it began two\\nmonths before.\\nMajor-General Wharton, on the 24th of May, 1864, addressed\\na general order to his corps, in which he said\\nFor forty-six days you have daily engaged the enemy, always", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0591.jp2"}, "590": {"fulltext": "544 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsuperior to you in numbers. When the beaten foe, four army\\ncorps of infantry and 5000 cavalry, began his retreat, you were\\nfound in battle array in his front and hung upon his flanks and\\nrear, only to destroy. In his retreat from Grand Ecore to\\nAtchafalaya, you killed, wounded and captured -iOOO men and\\ndestroyed five transports and three gunboats. All this was ac-\\ncomplished with a loss to you of only 400 men, two-thirds of\\nwhom will report for duty again in forty days. The history of\\nno other campaign will present the spectacle of a cavalry force\\ncapturing and killing more of the enemy than their own num-\\nber. This you have done, and in so doing have immortalized\\nyourselves and added new luster to the name and fame of Texas,\\nthe gallantry of whose sons has been illustrated on every battle-\\nfield, from Gettysburg to Glorieta. Had a portion of our forces\\nbeen where I was informed they were an hour and a half before\\nthe engagement at Norwood plantation, the rear guard of the\\nenemy would have been entirely destroyed.\\nYour advance guard are now watering their horses in the\\nMississippi River, whither you will soon follow. On short ra-\\ntions and with scanty forage, and in the saddle day and night,\\nyou have neither murmured nor complained.\\nI, as your commander, honor you for your deeds, and thus\\nacknowledge my appreciation of your services. General Taylor\\ncheerfully accords to you the meed of his approbation, and in\\nhis time and way will signify his admiration.\\nA. grateful people will cherish the record of your gallantry.\\nAs indicated by Wharton, General Taylor issued a general\\norder to his troops (Army of Western Louisiana), in which he\\nmade proper acknowledgment of the services and merits of offi-\\ncers and men. General Taylor said\\nOn the 12th of March the enemy with an army of 30,000\\nmen, accompanied by a fleet of ironclads mounting 150 guns,\\nmoved forward for the conquest of Texas and Louisiana. After\\nseventy days continiious fighting you stand, a band of conquer-\\ning heroes, on the banks of the Mississippi. Fifty pieces of can-\\nnon, 7000 stand of small arms, three gunboats, and eight trans-\\nports captured or destroyed, sixty stands of colors, over 10,000\\nof the enemy killed, wounded, or captured, these are the tro-\\nphies which adorn your victorious banners. Along 300 miles of\\nriver you have fought his fleet, and over 200 miles of road you", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0592.jp2"}, "591": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 545\\nhave driven his army. You matched your bare breasts against\\nhis ironclads, and proved victorious in the contest. You have\\ndriven his routed columns beyond the Mississippi, although fed\\nby reinforcements of fresh troops, while many of your gallant\\ncomrades were withdrawn to other fields. The boasted fleet which\\nlately sailed triumphant over our waters has fled in dismay, after\\ndestroying guns and stripping off armor in its eagerness to escape\\nyou. Like recreant knights, the ironclads have fled the field,\\nleaving shield and sword behind.\\nThe devotion and constancy you have displayed in this pur-\\nsuit have never been surpassed in the annals of war, and you\\nhave removed from the Confederate soldier the reproach that he\\ncould win battles but could not improve victories.\\nAlong a hundred miles of his path the flying foe, with more\\nthan savage barbarity, burned every house and village within\\nhis reach. You extinguished the burning ruins in his base blood,\\nand were nerved afresh to vengeance by the cries of women and\\nchildren left without shelter or food.\\nIf the stern valor of our well-trained infantry was illustrated\\non the bloody fields of Mansfield and Pleasant Hill, this long\\npursuit has covered the cavalry of this army with undying re-\\nnown.\\nWhether charging on foot shoulder to shoulder with our\\nnoble infantry, or hurling your squadrons on the masses of the\\nfoe, or hanging on his flying columns with more than the ten-\\nacity of the Cossack, you have been admirable in all.\\nOur artillery has been the admiration of the army. Boldly\\nadvancing without cover against the heavy metal of the hostile\\nfleet, unlimbering often without support within range of mus-\\nketry, or remaining last on the field to pour grape and canister\\ninto advancing columns, our batteries have been distinguished\\nin exact proportion as opportunity was afforded.\\nSoldiers, these are great and noble deeds, and they will live\\nin chronicle and in song as long as the Southern race exists to\\nhonor the earth. But much remains 3^et to do. The fairest city\\nof the South languishes in the invader s grasp.\\nSoldiers, this army marches toward New Orleans, and though\\nit do not reach the goal, the hearts of her patriotic women shall\\nbound high with joy, responsive to the echoes of your guns.\\n35", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0593.jp2"}, "592": {"fulltext": "546 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nMy duties in Louisiana were arduous, but as agreeable as such\\nduties could be imagined amid such surroundings. My health\\nwas fine\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1 was fond of the saddle, had good horses, and seldom\\ntired while riding. Then, I had known my chief from his boy-\\nhood. In 1836, as I was returning to New Orleans from my\\nfirst trip to Texas, I saw him, a red-haired, freckled-faced boy\\nof about ten years. He was with his father, William H. Whar-\\nton, minister to the United States, then on his way to Washing-\\nton City. Later we became political and personal friends, a con-\\nnection that remained undisturbed through our period of soldier-\\ning together, and until his death. He was always kind and\\nconsiderate to me, reposing entire confidence in my judgment\\nand devotion to the cause in which we were engaged. With few\\nexceptions, I accompanied him in the field, and greatly enjoyed\\nthe association, for he was so intelligent, so active, so brave, so\\ndevoted to his work. A Texan by birth, he was educated in my\\nnative State at the South Carolina University and married Miss\\nPenelope Johnson, the daughter of a South Carolina Governor.\\nThe Banks campaign ended, General Wharton received per-\\nmission to take the needed rest he had applied for. Leaving\\nLouisiana for Texas, he took several of his staff with him, my-\\nself among the number. The journey was a very pleasant one.\\nGeneral Wharton was in a buoyant humor, full of fun and senti-\\nment, and often relieved the tedium of the way by reciting\\nsnatches of verse, and in some instances entire poems. His lit-\\nerary taste was excellent, his mind well stored with masterpieces\\nof British and American poets that had strongly impressed him,\\nand his talents as a speaker were of a high order. Consequently\\nthese recitations, in each instance apropos, were much enjoyed\\nby his auditors. A favorite of his was Bingcn on the Ehine,\\nand he recited it in a manner that so fully brought out its beau-\\nties and suggestive meanings, that we, his soldier companions,\\ninduced him to favor us with it more than once before reaching\\nour destination, the residence of Col. Leonard Groce, near Hemp-\\nstead. His mother and many old friends and neighbors, from\\nwhom he had been absent for three years, were assembled there\\nand welcomed him with every demonstration of affection. Dur-\\ning his absence from home he had been promoted all along the\\nline, from captain to major-general. We were also kindly and\\ncordially received. There was quite a dinner party, and I re-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0594.jp2"}, "593": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 547\\nmember an incident that occurred while we were at the table,\\nillustrative of his gay and joyous temperament. Golonel Groce\\nwas absent from home. General Wharton s mother was at one\\nend of the table and he at the other, carving a very fine and large\\nturkey. One of the guests made complimentary mention of\\nColonel Groce, speaking of his great generosity and hospitality\\nto the soldiers, all of which I knew to be well deserved.\\nMrs. Wharton, at the mention of Colonel Groce s name, became\\nvery much enthused, delivering a panegyric on him. During\\nher enthusiasm the general dropped his knife and fork and lis-\\ntened to his mother very closely, and apparently with great in-\\nterest. When she was through, as if desiring information, he\\nasked her very earnestly, Mammy, is Colonel Groce any kin to\\nyou?\\nWhy, of course he is. What do you mean by asking me such\\na question? You know he is my brother.\\nWell, replied the general with a twinkle in his eyes, I\\nthought he must be some kin to you.\\nIt caused much merriment, for there were present quite a\\nnumber of strangers who were not aware of the relationship.\\nI left the general with his friends, and made speed to my\\nown home at Houston, to have a good time also with mine. I\\nwas, however, disappointed in my expectations. I had scarce ar-\\nrived before General Wharton was ordered to return with all dis-\\npatch to the army in Louisiana. After hasty preparations, I bade\\nfarewell to wife and home, taking with me my elegant Shiloh,\\nEli, and the j^ack mule, and rejoined General Wharton.\\nA few days more found us again with his cavalry command.\\nNothing of note occurred. The army was being reorganized\\nawaiting the movements of the enemy. No hostile troops were\\nin Western Louisiana, and Texas was free from the presence of\\nFederal soldiers, thanks to a good Providence and, under Him,\\nto the Texans who crossed the border to meet the invaders.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0595.jp2"}, "594": {"fulltext": "548 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTER THIRTY.\\nPresident Davis Appoints Me Aide on His Staff Affectionate Farewell\\nto My Comrades and Departure for Richmond Crossing the Missis-\\nsippi at Night Arrival at the Confederate Capital Condition of\\nAffairs There I Attend the President on His Visit to Hood s Army\\nAssociates at Richmond Hard Times The Conference at Fort-\\nress Monroe Terms, Unconditional Surrender The Confederate\\nGovernment Defiant Admiral Semmes The Ominous Pause.\\nOn the 12th of August, 186-i, I received the following letter.\\nIn consequence of the great difficulty of communicating across\\nthe Mississippi, it had been on the way nearly two months\\nImmediately upon its receipt, I consulted with General Whar-\\nton, Gen. James Harrison, General Hardeman, and other friends,\\nall of whom advised me to accept the appointment.\\nMy preparations were hurriedly made, and in two days I was\\non my way to Richmond, bearing with me a letter that General\\nWharton gave me at parting. Though I was not thrown among\\nhis intimate acquaintances, I cherished it as a memento of a\\nfriend I never saw again and a reminder in darker days of a\\ncampaign of triumph.\\nThe general said in this letter, the last communication I re-\\nceived from him\\nI regret exceedingly to lose your services on my staff. My\\nregret at parting v/ith you, however, is mitigated by the fact\\nthat in your new capacity, as aide-de-camp to the President, you\\nwill be more able to serve your country.\\nYour familiarity with the wants of the Trans-Mississippi\\nDepartment will enable you to be of great service to the people\\nand army west of the Mississippi River.\\nYour zeal in the service of our country during your guber-\\nnatorial term is an evidence that the same ability and energy\\nwill be displayed in your new sphere.\\nMy friends east of the Mississippi River will receive you\\nmost kindly, as a recognition of your own merits and as a token\\nof regard to myself.\\nWhile this old worn letter lies before me, memory makes a\\nquick reference to the writer, to his intelligence in counsel, his\\ndashing execution on the field of action, his bright., cultured", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0596.jp2"}, "595": {"fulltext": "(::,^^^.^^r^. y^", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0597.jp2"}, "596": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0598.jp2"}, "597": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEM01K 549\\nconversation with his friends, and again I seem to hear his voice\\nand see his commanding form; the veil of the past rolls away,\\nI seem to be standing, in the prime of manhood, surrounded by\\nmen of that generation, all dressed in Confederate gray, with\\narms at our sides; but after a time I fold it and replace it in\\nthe receptacle that has guarded it so long, and the vision van-\\nishes and the present returns, a present between which and\\nthe headlands of that other era rolls a broad stretch of Time s\\nmighty ocean, made up of the tossing waves of many departed\\nyears.\\nMajor Hart, the inspector-general, who had charge of the\\ncourier line communication with the east side of the Mississippi,\\nwas ordered by General Hardeman to accompany me. A detail\\nwas made of three men for the purpose of assisting me across\\nthe river, J. A. Handley, Pink Hunter, and Brinkley Tyler,\\nbelonging to Hardeman s regiment, Tom Green s brigade. These\\nwere to go ahead to see that the way was open before attempting\\nto cross my little cavalcade, now composed of my valuable horse\\nShiloh, Eli and pony, and my pack mule.\\nArriving at the river, we procured a dugout secreted in the\\nbushes for the use of our couriers. The bank was so precipitous\\nthat our horses were led to the bottom below with great difficulty.\\nThe dugout had to be let down by means of a rope, and much\\ncare had to be used in launching to keep her from filling. As it\\nwas, she dipped very much, taking in a quantity of water. Her\\ncapacity was sufficient for only three, the man at the paddle,\\nthe boy, and myself.\\nNo one without experience can appreciate the difficulty of\\ncrossing such a stream in a dugout with only one man using the\\npaddle, and impeded by three animals, two on one side of the\\nboat and one on the other. Almost lying down, I held the bridle\\nof Shiloh, while my boy, crouching on the other side, held his\\npony and the pack mule. When about midway the stream, the\\nmule became tired and unmanageable, and we determined that\\nsafety required us to let him drown. Our boat being more evenly\\nbalanced, with great care and exertion we saved our two horses\\nand reached the east side of the great father of waters.\\nWe had a perilous trip across, expecting drowning or capture\\nby the Federals at any moment of our passage.\\nOur dugout was rocked by the waves caused by the movement", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0599.jp2"}, "598": {"fulltext": "550 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nof their gunboats but the darkness of night and the caution with\\nwhich we proceeded saved us from their observation. Our con-\\nsultation on the way was carried on in whispers. We landed\\nwet and mudd}^, tired and hungry, but I was well pleased at be-\\ning free and able to proceed on my way.\\nHere I found a good Confederate who made me welcome and\\nas comfortable as possible until I could hasten onward. At\\nWoodville I was entertained in a manner that I remember with\\npleasure.\\nAfter deliberating, I concluded to travel by rail in order to\\nreach Richmond more promptly. I disposed of the boy s horse by\\nleaving him with Mr. Kennard to be sold. To him I was under\\nmany obligations for attending to this so kindly, sending me\\nthe money, and entertaining me hospitably while I was with\\nhim. At Montgomery I was unable to procure immediate trans-\\nportation for him, and my gallant steed, my beautiful Shiloh,\\nmy faithful field companion that no money could have pur-\\nchased, was turned over to a quartermaster, who promised to\\nsend him to Richmond in a few days. It s wonderful how a man\\ncomes to love the horse that has borne him often through dan-\\nger. I almost regarded mine as an intelligent fellow-soldier.\\nMy great anxiety to report for duty is the only excuse I can of-\\nfer for leaving my faithful animal. He never reached me, the\\nquartermaster merely informing me that my horse had taken\\nsick and died. I learned subsequently that he was loaned to an\\nofficer who gave him a very hard ride, resulting in his death.\\nAnother calamity that befell me was the loss of a pair of spurs\\nthat I prized very highly, stolen by some miserable wretch. I\\ngave them to my brother Tom S. Lubbock at the beginning of\\nthe war. He used them until his death, and I then recovered\\nthem. I did fret much at their loss, on account of the associa-\\ntion.\\nI was refused transportation for my servant, and had to pay\\nfull fare for him to Richmond. Thus my trip was not only a\\nhazardous and hard one, but very expensive.\\nIt was with difficulty I could get anything to eat on the route.\\nThe trains were crowded to suffocation.\\nI spent a day in Mobile, and was most kindly treated by my\\nold friends, Ketchum and Pillans. I was delayed a. day at Co-\\nlumbus, Ga., also one at Macon. I then went to Atlanta to see", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0600.jp2"}, "599": {"fulltext": "PS\\n1\\n1\\nS 1\\nil^^S^^H\\nE\\n^B\\nmm mm", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0601.jp2"}, "600": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0602.jp2"}, "601": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 551\\nGeneral Hood and our Texas soldiers. I was detained there,\\nleaving the day of its evacuation by our troops.\\nAt Atlanta, September 1st, somewhat sick and worn out, I\\nwas resting at the hotel, when the ubiquitous Tom Ochiltree en-\\ntered my room and informed me that we had better leave the\\ncity at once, as General Hood had determined to abandon the\\nplace.\\nAs usual, he was in good luck, had an ambulance, and was\\nkind enough to offer me a seat, which was thankfully accepted.\\nWe camped that night with my very good friend Major Little-\\nfield, quartermaster of Hood s brigade, near enough to the city\\nfor the noise made by the blowing up of abandoned stores, conse-\\nquent upon the evacuation, to reach our ears, and for the fires\\nto light up our camp.\\nWhen I started on the train I came near being captured at a\\nsmall station, Eough and Eeady. The engine getting out of fuel,\\nwe had to pick it up by the roadside as best we could and run\\nthe gauntlet through the enemy s pickets. I spent one day in\\nColumbia, S. C, a most beautiful city. I met Governor Bon-\\nham, whom I had known before, and General Chesnut. They\\nwere both very kind and courteous.\\nI reached Richmond September 8, 1864, in good health with\\nthe exception of a bad cold, twenty-three days after leaving Gen-\\neral Wharton s command in Louisiana, the length of time show-\\ning how much of the journey I had to make on horseback (one\\nweek of the time riding through the rain), and the broken up\\ncondition of the roads in Georgia.\\nI very gladly accepted an invitation to stop at the home of\\nJudge Reagan,**^ and in due time called upon Mr. Davis. I was\\nvery kindly received by him and his staff, and found the duties\\nassigned me sufficiently agreeable, although I would have pre-\\nferred active service in the field.\\nAs soon as opportunity permitted I visited our old Texas\\nbrigade (Hood s), and. as nothing less would content them,\\nmade them a speech. They were a hardy looking set of men, the\\npicture of good health all heroes, God bless them Their\\nname and fame were in the mouths of all I met. It was a source\\nof proud gratification to me to find that all the Texas troops on\\nJudge Reagan had lost his wife a short time before, and was still\\nkeeping house, having his children with him. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0603.jp2"}, "602": {"fulltext": "552 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthat side of the river stood high, not only as good fighters but as\\nhonorable and well behaved men.\\nOne of my first acts on my arrival at Eichmond was to write\\nto my beloved wife, giving her the details of my trip, my re-\\nception by the President, and such other news as I thought would\\nbe of interest to her. In this connection I said: I saw our old\\nGovernor Smith Extra Billy this morning. He made me\\npromise to come and take a cup of coffee with him this evening.\\nThe old gentleman looks very well. He was wounded before he\\nwas elected governor. You recollect we saw him at the Virginia\\nSprings in I860.\\nMy dear wife, I do hope and pray that you are well and all\\nat home kiss them for me. Keep your spirits up. Everything\\nwill get right after awhile. Tell Mrs. Eeiley she must have you\\nto ride and visit, and make you happy.\\nIn writing, send letters to care of Gen. E. Kirby Smith,\\nShreveport, sometimes to care of General Wharton, sometimes\\nto care General Buckner, commanding the District of West\\nLouisiana. Mr. Gushing can tell you how to send letters, or per-\\nhaps Captain Clute.\\nIn a later letter I wrote to her:\\nEichmond is full to overflowing. It is estimated that there\\nare one hundred thousand people in the city. It is a mystery\\nhow a large number of them subsist.\\nConfederate money is worth more here than in Texas, for\\ngold is twenty-three for one. The prices of everything in the way\\nof provisions is enormous flour $325 per barrel, butter $10 per\\npound, corn $50 to $60 per bushel, beef $3 to $4 per pound, po-\\ntatoes $50 to $60 per bushel, sorghum syrup $25 to $30 per gal-\\nlon, etc. board at the hotels $30 per day.\\nMy association with the staff was of the most pleasant char-\\nacter; it was also instructive, for they were all men of intelli-\\ngence and culture and well up in military affairs.\\nWhen I entered upon my staff service I found for associates\\nCol. G. W. C. Lee, a graduate of West Point (the son of Gen.\\nEobert E. Lee), later promoted to brigadier-general, and after\\nthe war president of the Washington-Lee University; Col. Wil-\\nliam Preston Johnston (son of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston),\\nafter the war a professor in Washington-Lee University, and\\nfor many years president of Tulane University, Louis-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0604.jp2"}, "603": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 553\\niana; Colonel Ives, a graduate of West Point and an accom-\\nplished officer (now dead) Col. John Taylor Wood (grandson\\nof President Zachary Taylor), a graduate of the United States\\nNaval Academy and accomplished in his profession (now resid-\\ning in Halifax, N S.) and Col. William Browne, of Georgia,\\nafterward promoted to brigadier-general, quite distinguished as\\na journalist and as a man of letters (now dead).\\nAfter being on duty awhile, Mr. Davis said (so a friend wrote\\nto me) that no man, on so short an association, had ever made\\nso favorable an impression upon him. Side by side with the\\nendorsement of my own people, I appreciated this from such a\\nman, and I am proud to know that his friendship grew stronger\\nday by day.\\nI had scarce time to locate myself and view my surroundings\\nbefore the President left Eichmond on a visit to the army in\\nGeorgia and Alabama, taking Col. Custis Lee and myself with\\nhim. In a letter to my wife, September 27, 1864, written from\\nGeneral Hood s headquarters at Palmetto, near Atlanta, Ga., I\\nsaid\\nWe arrived here day before yesterday. I am quite well.\\nI am now visiting Ector s Texas brigade, and will make them\\na speech in a few moments. I have just learned that a Captain\\nZeigler is about starting for Texas, and I have begged this\\npaper to write, not knowing when I will have another opportun-\\nity. Everything is at a standstill here. It may be a lull before\\nthe storm. We reviewed the army yesterday. The men are in\\nvery good health and spirits. I think we will leave this after-\\nnoon for Alabama.\\nThe trip to Alabama was full of interest to me. While in\\nMontgomery the President and his aides were the guests of\\nGovernor Watts, formerly the Attorney-General of the Confed-\\nerate States.\\nDuring our stay there Gen. Dick Taylor, who had come to\\nmeet the President, discussed with him the propriety of bring-\\ning western troops over to the east side of the Mississippi. Mr.\\nDavis was very anxious to recruit our depleted ranks. Though\\nwe were hopeful that the tide would soon turn in our favor, we\\nneeded more men in both of our main armies. General Lee was\\nvery much in need of more troops. In Georgia the President\\ntried to induce the State authorities to co-operate more heartily", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0605.jp2"}, "604": {"fulltext": "554 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nwith the Confederate government in filling up the army for the\\ndefense of their own State, by making fewer exemptions from\\nthe service and promptly enforcing the conscription act.\\nGeneral Taylor talked over the possibility of getting troops\\nfrom the Trans-Mississippi Department, and when the latter\\nsuggested that it might be possible and that, if I were sent over,\\nI could bring a large body of men to the east side, Mr. Davis\\ndesired me to express my opinion and wishes. In an instant the\\nsituation was before me Texas had filled cheerfully every\\nrequisition made on her by the Confederate government for the\\narmies east, and her sons had turned out, from boyhood to old\\nage, to defend her territory. Her available troops had just been\\ndoing hard fighting across her borders side by side with those of\\nher neighboring States. The crossing of the Mississippi by a\\nbody of our troops would be a stupendous undertaking, blockaded\\nas it was by the enemy. Then the length of time it would take,\\nsupposing it could be effected, would prevent such reinforce-\\nments from arriving in time to serve the purpose for which they\\nwere intended. I felt in my heart anything for success, but here\\nI did not see success, and at once I said to him When I crossed\\nthe Mississippi I declared I would not return until the end of\\nthe war. I am subject to your orders, and only under them will\\nI go west of the river before that time. He merely replied,\\nYou will not be ordered.\\nWe were absent from Richmond sixteen days, the brightest and\\nmost pleasant that I spent with Mr. Davis. It was all activity\\nnnd hopeful effort for the future, and entertainment by friends,\\nfor Mr. Davis was well received wherever we went. I was a\\nsubaltern. To Mr. Davis, the head and front of affairs, they\\nmust have been trying days, these days of conference with Gen-\\nerals Hood, Hardee, Taylor, and others near Atlanta and. on\\nour return, at Augusta with General Beauregard and General\\nCobb, in command of the Georgia troops.\\nThe trip over, we returned to Richmond to do what men could\\nto meet the various requirements of the times.\\nUpon our return to Richmond the first news of a personal\\nnature was bad news. Eli was gone. Colonel Lee had taken his\\nservant with our party, and I had left mine at my quarters with\\nJudge Reagan.\\nOne dav during our absence the alarm of an attack on the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0606.jp2"}, "605": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 555\\nlines near the city was given. The judge made all preparations\\nbefore leaving the house for a hurried retreat, if necessary. He\\nhad several hundred dollars in gold, which he placed in his sad-\\ndle-bags, leaving them in his room. He returned during the\\nnight, the alarm having passed. On investigation, he found his\\ngold all gone. Eli having observed him while packing up, the\\njudge concluded he had abstracted the gold, repaired to the boy s\\nroom, found him in a quiet sleep, awoke him, and demanded his\\nmoney. He at once owned up that he had taken it, declaring it\\nwas the only time he had ever stolen a dollar, and promised that,\\nif the judge would not tell me on my return, he would tell him\\nall about it. The judge made the promise. He disclosed the\\nfact that nearly all the money had been expended for jewelry for\\nhis girl, and, getting the jewelry, accompanied the judge to the\\nvarious shops where he had made the purchases, and the judge\\nhad his money returned. Eli remained at work until the very\\nday of my return, but then disappeared, and was seen no more\\nby the judge or myself. We presumed that he became fearful\\nthat I would hear of his bad conduct, and ran away. He was\\nabout 20 years old, and he had always been a very good boy. He\\nwas with me from the day I joined the army. I brought him to\\nRichmond at great expense, he entreating me to take him with\\nme. I would not advertise him, but gave the sentinels notice on\\nour lines. About this time many negroes were escaping to the\\nYankee lines, there being a large number of negro troops with\\nthe enemy. My opinion is that he was either killed in going out\\nof our lines or after he joined the enemy, for I feel satisfied he\\nwould have returned to me or to Texas, for he was devoted to\\nme, and he has never been seen or heard of since. Poor boy,\\nmany a wiser head than thine has been turned by woman, and\\nmany a subtler spirit tempted from the path of rectitude by\\ngold.\\nSo I was not only unhorsed, but servantless.\\nA few days later I bought a horse, not a very good one, either,\\ngiving four or five thousand dollars for it.\\nThe President, observing that I was a good Texas horseman,\\ngave me an invitation to ride with him almost daily. Taking me\\nwith him, sometimes alone, but generally with one or another of\\nthe staff, he frequently visited the lines of the army around\\nRichmond. This was always interesting to me. I preferred it to", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0607.jp2"}, "606": {"fulltext": "556 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\noffice work. All of us had a large amount of clerical work to\\nperform daily, lettter writing and drafting of telegrams and\\nother papers.\\nIn my capacity as an aide to the President, I met very nearly\\nall the prominent army men, and renewed in that way many\\npleasant friendships I had formed before the war. It was my\\ngood fortune to know Generals Lee, A. S. Johnston, J. E. John-\\nston, Beauregard, Hardee, Hood, Bragg, Cooper, Holmes,\\nHampton, Breckenridge, Fitzhugh Lee, Winder, Lawton, Cobb,\\nGarey, Toombs, Barksdale, Forrest, Maury, Stephen D. Lee, Joe\\nWheeler, Ijoring, Cheatham, Marmaduke, Price, Van Dorn, Dib-\\nrell. Fields, and hosts of others besides our Texas generals. I\\nmet also many private soldiers, old friends and true patriots, who\\nformed the lines, and whom I was glad to greet.\\nI wrote in one of my letters home I rode out yesterday\\nafternoon to see General Longstreet. I found his health good,\\nbut his arm very weak from a wound received in the battle of the\\nWilderness. He spoke in very high terms of Frank Terry and\\nTom Lubbock, and said he always regretted that they did not\\nreturn to him; that they were fully appreciated by himself and\\nall who knew them in Virginia.\\nI did all in my power to contribute to the comfort of the sick\\nand wounded, making daily visits to the hospitals for that pur-\\npose. I also aided in securing supplies and clothing for all who\\ncalled on me for aid. Soldiers belonging to the Trans-Missis-\\nsippi Department knew that I was their representative on the\\nPresident s staff, and I was appealed to by them continually for\\nrelief. Even at this late period I frequently meet with those\\nwhom I relieved during the war, and they appear as grateful\\nnow as then.\\nI was at the President s mansion quite often, where I always\\nreceived a cordial welcome. Mrs. Davis was a most refined, ac-\\ncomplished, and excellent lady, bright, pleasing, and intelligent\\nin conversation, and an elegant entertainer. Her sister, Miss\\nMaggie Howell, resided with her. A social hour with Mr. and\\nMrs. Davis was a treat.\\nI enjoyed a visit sometimes to the Governor and his wife, with\\nwhom I was well acquainted. Besides, I made the acquaintance\\nof many pleasant people and very warm friendships with others,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0608.jp2"}, "607": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 557\\nand, when opportunity offered, which I must say was seldom, I\\nwas with them.\\nI became well acquainted with Mrs. Winkler, wife of my dis-\\ntinguished friend Colonel Winkler, of Hood s brigade, and sub-\\nsequently one of the judges of the Court of Appeals of our State.\\nHe married her in Kichmond. She was brave and true, often in\\nthe lines, sometimes camping almost within reach of the enemy s\\nguns. She is now one of the inost intelligent and lovable women\\nin Texas, an honorary member of Hood s brigade.\\nDuring the winter before Richmond was evacuated provisions\\nbecame very scarce, so much so that even the President had meat\\nonly a few times a week, and had to content himself with rice,\\ncornmeal, and the plainest and scantiest of fare. Occasionally\\nMrs. Davis would get something she could make into a pie, and\\nknowing my fondness for such things, she would send for me to\\ndine with her, saying she would have pie for dinner. About\\nthe only meat we (Judge Reagan and I) had was the small sup-\\nply I drew from the government, generally not more than three\\nor four pounds of beef a week, together with a small ration of\\nrice, vinegar, and salt. We would purchase outside a little flour\\nand sorghum molasses, paying toward the last as high as $100\\nto $150 per gallon. At breakfast, as a general thing, we had\\nblack coffee, sorghum, and biscuit, the latter made of flour,\\nsalt, and water, and innocent of lard or baking powder. Supper\\nthe same. Our rice and beef were reserved for dinner. While\\none and one-fourth pounds of beef were a day s ration for a\\nsoldier. Judge Reagan and family and myself had only about\\nhalf a pound between us. As he was a civilian he could not draw\\nrations, and I divided mine with him. He bought what he could\\nfind and afford. On one occasion MaJ. Wm. H. Martin, of\\nHood s brigade Old Howdy was invited by us to breakfast.\\nI thereupon visited the market to try to add to our scant larder.\\nAll I could get was a shad fish, for which I paid $50. That is\\nthe way the Postmaster-General and one of the President s aides\\nfared, and that aide was on friendly terms with the commissary\\nand could get as good as could be procured, so of course there\\nwere large numbers of our men who fared much worse almost\\nstarving. At this very time the Yankees were finding fault with\\nus for not feeding their prisoners full government rations.\\nAs for clothes, I drew the cloth from the government and fur-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0609.jp2"}, "608": {"fulltext": "558 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nnished all the trimmings and paid a tailor $1000 to make me a\\nsuit of gray.\\nThe winter of 186-1-65 was doleful enough in the Confed-\\nerate capital. The ever-increasing scarcity of supplies was not\\nthe only source of anxiety. Our spirits were continually\\nharassed and depressed by news of disaster from the front\\nHood s repulse before Nashville, our worst defeat in the war\\nup to this time; the enemy s occupation of Savannah and\\nCharleston and, finally, the capture of Fort Fisher, our last sea-\\nport. The latent hostility to the government began to manifest\\nitself more boldly. The air was soon full of rumors of peace,\\nwhich the enemy seemed eager to agree to if our government\\nwould only respond to overtures having that object in view. The\\nConfederate leaders had no confidence in the enemy s sincerity\\nof purpose, but President Davis, to disabuse the public mind\\non this subject, appointed commissioners to meet and confer with\\nthe Federals. Our commissioners were R. M. T. Hunter, John\\nA. Campbell (formerly associate justice of the United States\\nSupreme Court), and Vice-President Alexander H. Stephens,\\nwho once had close personal relations with Mr. Lincoln when a\\ncongressman. The preliminaries all arranged, these distinguished\\ngentlemen met President Lincoln and Secretary of State Seward\\non board ship off Fortress Monroe. The conference was wholly\\ninformal, and no record of its proceedings was taken down by\\nanyone acting as secretary. It ended in a few hours without any\\nagreement having been reached. President Lincoln offered no\\nterras of peace, except unconditional surrender, which was not\\nto be thought of. The leader of a lost cause need not expect\\nto escape unjust criticism and so President Davis has been\\ncruelly blamed for no agreement being reached that would have\\nended the war and secured some benefits to us this, too, when\\nno terms were submitted other than remain after irreparable de-\\nfeat to a conquered enemy. Our commissioners entered into the\\nconference in good faith, for the purpose of securing peace to\\nthe o countries/ while President Lincoln and Secretary Sew-\\nard were committed to the view of securing peace to the peo-\\nple of Ofir one common countri// These views were incompati-\\nble, and one side or the other had to yield. The commissioners\\nwaived their instructions so far as to call out from President\\nLincoln what terms the Confederates might expect in his one", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0610.jp2"}, "609": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 559\\ncommon country. This is found in the commissioners report\\nof February 5, 1865, which, among other things, said:\\nWe understood from him [President Lincoln] that no terms\\nor proposals of any treaty or agreement looking to an ultimate\\nsettlement would be entertained or made by him with the au-\\nthorities of the Confederate States, because that would be a\\nrecognition of their existence as a separate power, which under\\nno circumstances would be done; and, for a like reason, that no\\nsuch terms would be entertained by him for the States separately\\nno extended truce or armistice (as at present advised) would be\\ngranted or allowed without a satisfactory assurance in advance\\nof the complete restoration of the authority of the Constitution\\nand laws over all the places within the States of the Confeder-\\nacy that whatever consequences may follow from the re-estab-\\nlishment of that authority must be accepted; that individuals\\nsubject to pains and penalties under the laws of the United\\nStates might rely upon a very liberal use of the power confided\\nto him to remit those pains and penalties if peace be restored.\\nThis meant unconditional submission, if it meant anything at all.\\nAnd Judge Campbell says in his memoranda In conclusion,\\nMr. Hunter summed up what seemed to be the result of the in-\\nterview That there could be no arrangements by treaty be-\\n,tween the Confederate States and the United States, or any\\nagreement between them; that there was nothing left for them\\nbut unconditional submission.\\nIn response to a request of the United States Senate for in-\\nformation on this subject, President Lincoln submitted the fol-\\nlowing message\\nExecutive Mansion, February 10, 1865.\\nOn the morning of the 3d inst., the gentlemen, Messrs.\\nStephens, Hunter, and Campbell, came aboard of our steamer\\nand had an interview with the Secretary of State and myself\\nof several hours duration. N o question of preliminaries to the\\nmeeting was then and there made or mentioned. JSTo papers\\nwere exchanged or produced, and it was in advance agreed that\\nthe conversation was to be informal and verbal merely. On my\\npart, the whole substance of the instructions to the Secretary\\nof State, hereinbefore recited, was stated and insisted upon, and\\nnothing was said inconsistent therewith, while by the other party", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0611.jp2"}, "610": {"fulltext": "560 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nit was not said that in any event or any condition they ever\\nwould consent to reunion; and they equally omitted to declare\\nthat they would never so consent. They seemed to desire a\\npostponement of that question and the adoption of some other\\ncourse first, which, as some of them seemed to argue, might or\\nmight not lead to reunion but which course, we thought^ would\\namount to an indefinite postponement.\\nThe conference ended without result. The foregoing, con-\\ntaining as it is believed all the information sought, is respect-\\nfully submitted.\\nAbraham Lincoln.\\nIt will be observed from the above that President Lincoln does\\nnot claim that he offered any terms for reunion. Even an arm-\\nistice was refused unless we agreed in advance to reunion without\\nconditions. Such an agreement would have been tantamount\\nto an acknowledgment that the Confederacy had no legal exist-\\nance as a government, and that its supporters were rebels.\\nBy continuing the war we secured terms of surrender from\\nGeneral Grant, not as good as might have been, but still of in-\\ncalculable importance, and infinitely better than unconditional\\nsurrender. Grant s terms were in substance given to all our\\narmies, and proved to be the only barrier against Federal en-\\ncroachment upon our rights of person and property.\\nAfter the failure of the peace conference, the Confederate\\nCongress issued an address to the people, saying in part The\\nenemy, after drawing us into a conference, abruptly terminated it\\nby insisting upon terms which they well knew we could not ac-\\ncept. Our absolute surrender and submission to the will of the\\nconquerer are the only conditions vouchsafed by our arrogant\\nfoe. We are told that if we will lay down our arms and our lives,\\nliberty, property, and domestic institutions at the feet of Presi-\\ndent Lincoln, he will be merciful to us.\\nAt a meeting held in the African Church at Eichmond for an\\nexchange of views on the situation. President Davis opened the\\ndiscussion by an eloquent speech urging a continuance of the\\nwar, as right was sure to prevail in the end. He was bold\\nand defiant in his utterances, and his hopes of final success for\\nour cause appeared unshaken by accumulating disasters.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0612.jp2"}, "611": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 561\\nVice-President Stephens was loudly called on for a speech,\\nbut he did not respond.\\nIn a burst.of pathetic eloquence E. M. T. Hunter said What-\\never is sacred in human affections, or dear to the hearts of men,\\nis involved in this contest and may God grant us the wisdom\\nto devise and the arm to execute those measures which, under\\nHis hand, shall effect our deliverance in this great crisis.\\nWe now know that this people must conquer its freedom or\\ndie, said Secretary Benjamin. The government must\\ntake in charge every bale of cotton and every pound of tobacco,\\nas a basis of means for prosecuting the war, and every pound of\\nbacon must come as a free gift to feed the soldiers. Talk of\\nrights What rights do the arrogant invaders leave you To\\nthe army in front send aid, be it white or black. Let us say\\nto every negro who wishes to go into the ranks on condition of\\nbeing made free Go and fight you are free My own\\nnegroes have been to me and said Master, set us free, and we\\nwill fight for you. We had rather fight for you than for the\\nYankees.\\nIn conclusion, Mr. Benjamin said that it was the affair of the\\nStates separately to move off in this matter of freeing such slaves\\nas chose to fight for their country, and that Virginia should\\ntake the lead.\\nIn February, 1865, General Lee was made generalissimo of\\nall the Confederate armies, and clothed with extraordinary\\npowers to meet the emergency.\\nIn view of our desperate situation, Lee urged that the ranks\\nof the army be filled with negro troops. In response to the call\\nof her noblest son, Virginia, through her Legislature, authorized\\nthe enlistment of slaves on terms to be agreed upon between\\ntheir owners and the Confederate authorities.\\nFinally Congress authorized by act the enlistment of slaves\\nin the army but it came too late for enforcement.\\nThinking, perhaps, that the last battle would be in Virginia,\\nGeneral Lee, in a letter to General Breckenridge, then Secretary\\nof War, said, under date of February 19, 1865 It is necessary\\nto bring out all of our strength, and, I fear, to unite our armies,\\nas separately they do not seem to be able to make headway against\\nthe enemy. Provisions must be accumulated in Virginia, and\\n36", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0613.jp2"}, "612": {"fulltext": "562 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nevery man in all the States brought out. I fear it may be neces-\\nsary to abandon all our cities, and preparations should be made\\nfor this contingency.\\nThe final effort of General Lee to raise the seige of Eichmond\\nwas the assault on Fort Stedman, led by the heroic Gen. Jno.\\nB. Gordon. Though taken, the fort could not be held and our\\ncondition was not bettered.\\nAdmiral Eaphael Semmes,^* of Alabama fame, commanded\\nour gunboat fleet on James Eiver.\\nLee s veterans still presented an intrepid front, and the over-\\nwhelming enemy paused, as if with a kind of involuntary re-\\nispect for the Confederates, before closing in for the last struggle.\\n9* After the loss of his ship, the Alabama, m the English Channel in\\nJune, 1864, Semmes made his way back to the Confederacy via Mexico.\\nHe passed through Texas by stage, and after a few days rest at his\\nhome in Mobile arrived at Richmond in January, 1865. He was then\\nimmediately promoted to the rank of rear admiral in the Confederate\\nnavy and placed in command of the James River fleet. Semmes did\\nnot get to test his skill as commander of an inland fleet.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0614.jp2"}, "613": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 563\\nCHAPTEK THIRTY-ONE.\\nEvacuation of Richmond Confederate Government at Danville\\nLee s Surrender President Davis and Staff at Greensboro Halt at\\nCharlotte Sherman-Johnston Negotiations Departure South vizard\\nof the Presidential Party and Escort Last Cabinet Meeting Last\\nCouncil of War Dissolution of the Government at Washington,\\nGa.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mrs. Davis The President and Party Captured Indigni-\\nties My Letter Home Written from Macon Augusta\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Reagan,\\nStephens and Wheeler Fortress Monroe and Fort Delaware.\\nAs spring approached the alarms of attack were more fre-\\nquent and all too soon, on Sunday morning, April 2, 1865,\\nthe reality came.\\nThe President while at church received a telegram from Gen-\\neral Lee advising him of his intention to that night withdraw his\\nforces from the inner lines of the defenses of Petersburg. He\\nleft the church quietly, and, going to his office, gave directions\\nfor the evacuation of Richmond, which was to take place simul-\\ntaneously with General Lee s withdrawal from his position, noti-\\nfying the cabinet and staff officers that we would leave on the\\ntrain for Danville.^\\nI was at church and heard nothing until, stopping at the\\nstable for my horse on my way to dinner, I was informed that\\na messenger had been there for me, and learned of the excite-\\nment in the city. I repaired immediately to the executive office.\\nThere I found everything upside down, packing. My energies\\nwere bent to the work of preparation for the departure, and as\\nthings were fairly packed before I got to the office, I could soon\\nleave for the executive mansion, where, after rendering some\\nassistance to the President, I received from him my orders.\\nI met him at the hour appointed and accompanied him, with\\nthe other members of his staff, to the train. This was the saddest\\ntrip I had ever made, for I could but feel grieved sorelv dis-\\ntressed a sorrow that was ominous of the future.\\nArriving safely at Danville, we went into quarters, opened\\nup our offices, and assumed our duties.\\n\u00c2\u00bb^Mrs. Davis had previously gone to Chester, S. C. on account of\\nher failing health. Col. Burton Harrison attended her.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0615.jp2"}, "614": {"fulltext": "564 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThe people of the town extended every aid and courtesy to the\\ngovernment officials. The President was the guest of Mr. Suth-\\nerlin, and we also partook of his hospitality.\\nIt was here April 5, 1865, he issued a stirring appeaP** to the\\npeople, expressing his hope that we would yet ultimately be\\nvictorious. After remaining some eight days in Danville we re-\\nceived intelligence that Lee s army was to be surrendered. This\\nnews was brought by young Wise, whose promptness probably\\nsaved us for the time being from capture. We closed our office,\\npacked up, and left for Charlotte.\\nUpon reaching Greensboro, the President had a conference\\nwith Generals Johnston and Beauregard, and his cabinet offi-\\ncers. It was decided that General Johnston should hold a con-\\nference with General Sherman about the suspension of hostili-\\nties, to see if any arrangements could be made to put an end to\\nthe war.\\nA cartel embodying terms of surrender for Johnston s army\\nwas drafted and sent to Washington, D. C, for approval, and,\\npending a reply, an armistice was agreed upon.\\nLeaving Greensboro on the 16th, we arrived at Charlotte two\\ndays later. The people gathered about the President and showed\\nhim every attention and respect. While he was talking to them\\nhe was handed a telegram. The assembly, presuming it was\\nsome army news, called vociferously for its reading. It proved\\nto be a telegram announcing the assassination of President Lin-\\n9^ President Davis said in this address:\\nIt is for us, my countrymen, to show by our bearing under reverses\\nhow wretched has been the self-deception of those who have believed\\nus less able to endure misfortune with fortitude than to encounter\\ndanger with courage.\\nWe have now entered upon a new phase of the struggle. Relieved\\nfrom the necessity of guarding particular points, our army will be free\\nto move from point to point to strike the enemy in detail, far from his\\nbase. Let us but will it, and we are free.\\nLet us then not despond, my countrymen; but. relying on God, meet\\nthe foe with fresh defiance and with unconquered and unconquerable\\nhearts.\\nPresident Davis was not convinced that Johnston s surrender was\\nnecessary, and always held that he should have insisted on better terms\\nthan were accorded to Lee, as the circumstances of his situation were\\nvastly ditferent.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0616.jp2"}, "615": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 565\\ncoin, which he read to the assembl} I think it produced a pro-\\nfound impression. Mr. Davis was as much surprised as the mul-\\ntitude at the intelligence. Following the reading of this dispatch\\nhe delivered an eloquent speech, urging the people to keep up\\nthe struggle and expressing the belief that we would still tri-\\numph.\\nGeneral Duke, with Dibrell s cavalry, held Charlotte while\\nnegotiations were pending between Generals Johnston and Sher-\\nman. General Breckenridge soon brought Mr. Davis a copy of\\nthe Johnston-Sherman cartel but two days later Johnston wired\\nthat the authorities at Washington had rejected it, and shortly\\nthereafter came the news of his surrender on the 34th of April.\\nThereupon the President and stafE, with General Breckenridge,\\nthe Secretary of War, and the remaining members of the cabi-\\nnet left Charlotte to join, if possible, Generals Taylor and For-\\nrest in Alabama, and with those commanders, and such troops as\\nthey might be able to hold together, retreat across the Missis-\\nsippi into Texas, and there marshal another army and continue\\nthe war. A conception worthy of the daring and resolute mind\\nof the hero of Buena Vista, and of a spirit that did not yield to\\ndefeat until all power of resistance was withdrawn by Fate\\nSpeaking of the last cabinet meeting held, Hon. John H. Eea-\\ngan says\\nI remember very well our last cabinet meeting. It was after\\nwe had left Eichmond and were traveling through the southern\\nportion of North Carolina. It was near the border of the two\\nStates, North and South Carolina. It was under a big pine\\ntree that we stopped to take some lunch. Mr. Trenholm, the\\nSecretary of the Treasury, was absent. He had been taken sick\\nat Charlotte, and after trying to keep up with us for about\\ntwenty miles, he gave out and tendered his resignation. The\\nresignation of Mr. Trenholm was discussed, and it was finally\\naccepted, and I was selected to take charge of his portfolio in\\nconjunction with that of Postmaster-General. I remember on\\nthat occasion Mr. Davis said, when I requested to be relieved\\nfrom that additional duty You can look after that without\\nmuch trouble. We have concluded that there is not much for\\nthe Secretary of the Treasury to do, and there is but little money\\nleft for him to steal. That was in April, 1865.\\nSome time after that George Davis, Attorney-General, asked", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0617.jp2"}, "616": {"fulltext": "566 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nPresident Davis advice about retiring from the cabinet. The\\nAttorney-General said he wanted to stand by the Confederacy,\\nbut his family and his property were at Wilmington, and he was\\nin doubt as to where his duty called him. By the side of your\\nfamily, promptly responded Mr. Davis. After the Attorney-\\nGeneral left us, there were only four members of the cabinet left\\nto continue the journey to Washington, Ga., which was our\\ndestination.\\nOn our journey we found the country in many places desolated\\nand the people sadly depressed. They seemed afraid to have our\\nparty with them; afraid of being visited with vengeance for\\nhaving entertained us. Seeing this, I remarked to the Presi-\\ndent Wait, sir, until we get into my native State, South Caro-\\nlina, and you will know it. In the afternoon, while passing\\na handsome residence, some little distance from the road, a bevy\\nof ladies approached the gate with beautiful flowers, threw them\\nat Mr. Davis feet, and insisted on the President and his party\\ndismounting. This we did, and entered the hospitable home.\\nThey would not listen to us going further that day, and we spent\\nthe night. The gentleman s name, as well as I remember, was\\nSprings. I remember he married a Baxter, and subsequently\\nsome of the family came to Houston. Upon being so cordially\\nreceived, I very naturally inquired what State we were in. The\\nreply came, South Carolina, to my great delight.\\nWe put up at Abbeville, S. C, for the night, says Judge\\nEeagan, because we were informed that a lot of Yankee cav-\\nalry were in Washington, Ga. At that point Benjamin said he\\nproposed to leave the country and get as far away from the\\nUnited States as possible. Mr. Davis asked him how he proposed\\nto get down to the coast. Oh, replied Benjamin, there is a\\ndistinguished Frenchman whose name and initials are the same\\nas mine, and, as I can talk a little French, I propose to pass my-\\nself off as the French Benjamin.\\nThe President was the guest of Mr. Burt at Abbeville, and\\nthere, on the night of our arrival, was held the last council of\\nwar.\\nMr. Davis escort consisted of five skeleton brigades (2500\\ncavalry) commanded by Generals Duke, Dibrell, Ferguson,\\nBreckenridge (W. P. C), and Vaughn.\\nThe President called a council of war to ascertain from these", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0618.jp2"}, "617": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 567\\nbrigade commauders the true spirit of their soldiers, and presided\\nover it in person. Gens. J. C. Breckenridge (Secretary of War)\\nand Bragg were also present. Of those participating in the\\ncouncil, President Davis alone seemed entirely calm and un-\\naffected by the desperate state of our fortunes. He was affable,\\ndignified, and looked the very personification of high and un-\\ndaunted courage. Each officer gave in his turn a statement of\\nthe condition and feeling of his men, and, when urged to do so,\\ndeclared his views on the situation. The declarations of all were\\nin substance the same. They and their soldiers despaired of the\\nwar being further successfully conducted, and doubted the pro-\\npriety of prolonging it. They said that the honor of the sol-\\ndiery was involved in securing Mr. Davis safe escape that they\\nwould not surrender, if it were possible to avoid it, until that\\nobject was accomplished, and that if need be they would risk bat-\\ntle to attain it but, that done, they would not ask their men to\\nstruggle against a fate which was inevitable and forfeit all hope\\nof restoration to their homes and friends.\\nMr. Davis declared that he wished to hear of no plan which\\nhad for its object only his safety that 2500 brave men were\\nenough to prolong the war until the panic had passed, and they\\nwould then constitute a nucleus for thousands more to gather\\naround. He urged us, says General Duke, to accept his views.\\nAVe were silent, for we could not agree with him, and respected\\nhim too much to reply. Mr. Davis then said bitterly that all\\nhope was gone, that all the friends of the South were prepared\\nto consent to her degradation. When he arose to leave the room\\nhe had lost his erect bearing, his face was pale, and he faltered\\nso much in his steps that he was compelled to lean upon General\\nBreckenridge. It was a sad sight to men who felt towards him\\nas we did. 1 will venture to say that nothing he has subse-\\nquently endured equaled the bitterness of that moment.\\nBesides the escort, the President s party consisted of Hon.\\nJno. H. Reagan, Postmaster-General and Acting Secretary of\\nthe Treasury, Col. Wm. Preston Johnston, Col. John Taylor\\nWood, Lieutenant Barnwell, of South Carolina, and myself, and\\nthe faithful colored servant of Mr. Davis, James Jones.\\nWe had no wagon or ambulance. Mr. Davis had a small pack-\\nmule, carrvins: his blankets and valise. I had a led-animal.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0619.jp2"}, "618": {"fulltext": "568 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nhaving recently bought a fine horse. The others had but one\\nhorse each.\\nFor some time my Richmond animal was a little lame and\\nunable to keep up with the President s elegant horse Ken-\\ntucky, a present sent him by a party from that State. I de-\\ntermined, if possible, to procure one that was as good a traveler.\\nWe fell in with a Kentucky quartermaster who had a superb\\nroadster, black as a raven, thoroughly gaited, and a beauty. He\\nplaced his price at $125 in gold. I paid for him with $20 in\\ngold, borrowed from Judge Reagan, and a bill that I had with\\nme. When I left Texas Mr. Warren Adams, a neighbor of mine,\\ngave me a twenty-pound English bank note to hand a party in\\nVirginia. I secured that note by wrapping it in my pants. I\\nnever did find the party to whom I was to pay it. That note,\\nwhich would have purchased a cartload of Confederate money at\\nthat time, was the one I used in payment for the horse, and I\\npaid its value in gold to Mr. Adams upon my return to Texas.\\nWhile mine was lame. General Breckenridge very kindly\\nloaned me one of his horses, an admirable one. I became very\\nmuch attached to it, and I otfered for it fifty cows with their\\ncalves, well worth $500 in gold, and agreed to write to my stock-\\nkeeper to brand and keep them for him for one season, a little\\nfortune for one of his younger children. For some reason he\\nwould not sell, but said He is yours to use at all times.\\nThat offer, to a Texas cow man, would sound as big as my\\nkingdom for a horse. The truth is, $125 in gold in the last\\ndays of the Confederacy and 1 00 head of cattle on my ranch near\\nHouston was something to speak of. Richard s kingdom, at the\\ntime he offered to barter it, was not.\\nContinuing in a westerly direction, we reached the Savannah\\nRiver, and halted awhile on its banks. Here, through the in-\\nfluence of General Breckenridge, the troops were paid a portion\\nof the gold brought out from Richmond, and here Dibrell and\\nVaughn, with their men, remained to surrender. Our party,\\ngrowing smaller all the time, arrived in Washington, Ga., about\\nthe 4th of May. I had the good luck here to meet up with my\\nfriend Gen. Tom Harrison, commander of the Texas Rangers.\\nHe had been severely wounded in North Carolina, and, having\\nno clothing, obtained a few necessary articles from me. Judge\\nReagan remained awhile in town to close out the Confederate", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0620.jp2"}, "619": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 569\\ntreasury business. This he did in short order, causing to be\\nburned about $700,000 in Confederate notes. Judge Eeagan\\novertook Colonel Johnston and myself at a country blacksmith\\nshop, and resuming our journey togther, we soon overtook our\\nparty.\\nAfter leaving Washington and before reaching Sandersville,\\nGa., all our remaining cavalry commands dropped out, going in\\nvarious directions.\\nAt Sandersville we fell in with M. H. Clark, acting treas-\\nurer. When about separating he suggested to the members of\\nthe staff that we would need funds for our subsistence and trans-\\nportation, and that if we would take $1500 each in gold he\\nwould pay us that sum. This offer we accepted, giving the fol-\\nlowing form of receipt\\nSandersville, Ga., May 6, 1865.\\n$1500.\\nEeceived of M. H. Clark, Acting Treasurer C. S., fifteen\\nhundred dollars ($1500) gold coin, the property of the Con-\\nfederate States, for transmission abroad, of the safe arrival of\\nwhich due notice to be given the Secretary of the Treasury.\\n[Signature.]\\nNo funds were given to the President. I have learned that\\nJudge Eeagan was prevailed upon by the Treasurer to place in\\nhis saddle-bags some $3500. The judge had quite an amount\\nof his own funds with him.\\nPreston Johnston remained in Sandersville to transact some\\nbusiness. Judge Eeagan and myself also stopped subsequently\\nto reclaim one of our horses which had been stolen. When we\\nmet Colonel Johnston again he told us he had some very im-\\nportant intelligence for the President, and that he must hasten\\nto him. The news was that he had reason to believe that Mrs.\\nDavis and party were on a parallel road with us a few miles\\n8 8 In after years Mr. M. H. Clark wrote to Mrs. Davis (October 6,\\n1890), as follows:\\nI came out of Richmond with him [President Davis. Ed.] the\\nchief and confidential clerk of the executive office, in charge of the\\noffice papers, a member of his military family, composed of his cabinet\\nand staff, and I was close to his person until he parted with me on May\\n6. 1865, near Sandersville, Ga., and sent me in charge of our wagon\\ntrain, he leaving everything on wheels to join you.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0621.jp2"}, "620": {"fulltext": "570 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nacross the countr}^, and that a band of deserters and discharged\\nsoldiers were following her train with the view of robbing it\\nof the mules and horses, and probably of their subsistence.\\nColonel, said I, these rumors may be incorrect; your re-\\nport may change the plans of Mr. Davis. Burton Harrison is\\nwith Mrs. Davis he will take care of her, and we had better not\\nstop to look after the train.\\nColonel, he promptly replied, I have been with Mr. Davis\\nand his family a long while I know him better than you do. He\\nwould never forgive me if I should withhold this information\\nfrom him. He would say: It was your duty to give me the\\nfacts, and let me decide the course I should take. So saying,\\nhe pushed on.\\nJudge Eeagan and myself got to the camp the presidential\\nparty had vacated after night. There we found a guide who\\nwas to take us over the country and enable us to rejoin the Presi-\\ndent. We were well mounted and rode very rapidly. The guide\\nknew the country well and took us straight through fields, let-\\nting down fences and riding through gates. About midnight\\nwe overtook the President. After the usual greetings the entire\\nparty moved forward, our horses pushed to a brisk canter.\\nSome time before daylight we were halted. The guard chal-\\nlenging us was Burton Harrison. Anticipating an attack from\\nmarauders, he was on the alert, and had thrown out pickets with\\ninstructions to keep a sharp lookout. We were soon in camp,\\nwhere the President had the pleasure of embracing his wife and\\nchildren in their tent, and we betook ourselves to rest as best we\\ncould.\\nAlthough quite tired, we were astir early, and immediately\\nafter breakfast resumed our journey. The President s party,\\nvery small before and without a wagon or tent, was largely in-\\ncreased by Mrs. Davis and her train, composed of several wagons\\nand ambulances, driven by paroled soldiers. As a consequence\\nwe could move but slowly.\\nThe train had been provided by the quartermasters to convey\\nher and family, with necessary stores, to a place of safety.\\nAfter traveling a few miles, Mr. Davis took leave of his fam-\\nily. Col. Burton Harrison, with Mrs. Davis, was to proceed to\\na ferry on the river, while the President was to take a road\\nleading the river, cross at a ford, and travel in a somewhat", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0622.jp2"}, "621": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 571\\nopposite direction. Upon arriving at the ford (quite a distance),\\nwe could not cross, the stream being much swollen. There was\\nno alternative but to drop back and take the ferry. We arrived\\nthere after night. The road was so boggy that it was almost im-\\npassable, and reminded me of the Brazos and Trinity bottoms\\nduring a rainy season.\\nThere we found that Colonel Harrison was still at the ferry\\nwith a portion of his train not yet passed over the river. After\\ngreat delay we crossed and again struck camp together.\\nWe were moving quite early next morning. Fully realizing\\nthat so large a party would be certain to attract the attention of\\nthe enemy s scouts, that we had every reason to believe were in\\npursuit of us, it was decided at noon that as soon as we had con-\\ncluded the midday meal the President and his companions would\\nagain bid farewell to Mrs. Davis and her escort. We halted on\\na small stream near Irvinsville, Ga., and dinner over, saddled\\nour horses, and made everything ready to mount at a moment s\\nnotice. Time wore on, the afternoon was spent, night set in,\\nand we were still in camp. Why the order to horse was not\\ngiven by the President I do not know.\\nNext morning, May 10, 1865, just before daylight, during a\\ncool, drizzling rain, we were awakened by sharp firing on the\\nopposite side of the stream.\\nCol. John Taylor Wood and myself slept under a pine tree,\\nfifty or one hundred feet from Mr. Davis the others being\\nnearer his tent. We sprang immediately to our feet. Colonel\\nWood put on his Yankee blouse and escaped f^ the best thing for\\nhim to do, as he had incurred the special hatred of the Yankees\\nby his naval exploits. Drawing on my boots, I secured my horse,\\nwhich was tied close to my head, and held him by the reins.\\nBy this time the Federal troopers were on us. We were scarce\\ncalled upon to surrender before they pounced down upon us like\\nColonel Wood, after leaving us, fell in with General Breckenridge,\\nand they made their way together to Cuba, and thence to Montreal,\\nCanada, from which place Colonel Wood wrote, under date of July 27,\\n1865, to my wife at Houston, speaking in very complimentary terms of\\nmy behavior when the enemy entered our camp, expressing the wish\\nthat I might soon be restored to liberty, and stating that nothing would\\nafford him greater pleasure than to render Mrs. Lubbock any service in\\nhis power.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0623.jp2"}, "622": {"fulltext": "572 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nfreebooters, and in a short time the} were in possession of very\\nnearly everything of value that was in the camp. I resisted being\\nrobbed, and lost nothing then except some gold coin that was in\\nmy holsters. I demanded to see an officer, and called attention\\nto the firing, saying that they were killing their own men across\\nthe branch, and that we had no armed men with us. It tran-\\nspired that the Fourth Michigan, who captured us, and an In-\\ndiana regiment, coming on us from opposite directions, were\\nfiring into each other, killing and wounding a number of their\\nown men.\\nWhile a stop was being pvit to this I went over to Mr. Davis,\\nwho was seated on a log, under guard. I wish here, in the in-\\nterest of the truth of history, and from my own knowledge, to\\nemphatically brand as false the statement that Mr. Davis was\\ndisguised in female apparel. He was dressed in the clothes he\\nwore the day before, and his bearing was such as might have\\nbeen expected from a man who had often met perils unmoved,\\nthat of a brave soldier, a great general whose sun was sinking\\nbelow the horizon after stormy days of battle, of a noble patriot\\ncapable of dying, if fortune so willed, upon the block without\\nthe tremor of a muscle, without blanching of the cheek by the ab-\\nsence of a single wonted crimson drop, and with flashing eagle\\neA^es undimmed. He sat firmly erect, and looked in all respects\\nmore the ideal hero than in the hours of his greatest prosperity.\\nThe rpan who a few days before was at the head of a govern-\\nmen was treated by his captors with uncalled for indignity. To\\ncite one instance is sufficient: A private stepped up to him\\nrudely and said Well, Jeffy, how do you feel now I was\\nso exasperated that I threatened to kill the fellow, and called\\nupon the officers to protect their prisoner from insult.\\nThe conduct of the captors throughout was marked by any-\\nthing but soldierly bearing. They found no preparations for de-\\nfense, and encountered no resistance, and could have well been\\nmagnanimous, as they had secured such a prize but they showed\\nthe smallness of their souls all the way from overbearing con-\\nduct down to the pilfering of small articles.\\nAfter the excitement of the capture was over, the wounded\\ncared for, and the killed buried. Colonel Pritchard, in command\\nof the Union troopers, promised he would parade his regiment,\\nrecover the stolen property (money, watches, and other things),", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0624.jp2"}, "623": {"fulltext": "JNO. H. REAGAN. F. R. LUBBOCK.\\nJNO. TAYLOR WOOD.\\nWM. PRESTON JOHNSON. BURTON N. HARRISON,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0625.jp2"}, "624": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0626.jp2"}, "625": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 573\\nand return it to the owners. The parade was not ordered, nor\\nwas anything that had been stolen returned, not even the articles\\nthat belonged to Mrs. Davis. Her horses, given her by the citi-\\nzens of Eichmond, were unharnessed and appropriated, although\\nwe all protested and assured Colonel Pritchard that the horses\\nwere her private and personal property. During all this wretched\\ntime she bore up with womanly fortitude. She may have ex-\\npressed to her friends her indignation at the conduct of our\\ncaptors; but her bearing towards them was such as was to be\\nexpected from so elegant, high-souled, and refined a Southern\\nwoman.\\nThe children were all young, and hovered about her like a\\ncovey of young, frightened partridges while her sister. Miss\\nMaggie Howell, was wonderfully self-possessed and dignified.^\\nWhen I think of the terrible trial that tested their souls, I\\nfeel that the heroism of our armies was surpassed by the moral\\ncourage of our women.\\nExcept Colonel Wood, Lieutenant Barnwell was the only one\\nof our party who escaped.\\nThe prisoners were next arranged in accordance with orders,\\nand Colonel Pritchard, with his command as guard, took up the\\nline of march for Macon. On our way thither we received a\\nmost notable piece of news. It was Johnson s proclamation of\\n$100,000 reward for the capture of Mr. Davis, who was charged\\nwith being an accessory to the assassination of Mr. Lincoln,\\na charge so preposterous to those of us who knew him that we\\nwere at a loss to account for its having been made until we be-\\ncame more fully acquainted with the blind rage that possessed\\nthe Northern people.\\nI rode my fine Kentucky horse to Macon. LTpon his back was\\none of those beautiful Hope saddles known to all old Texans,\\npresented to me by my friend C. K. Hall, of Bastrop. I had it\\ncompletely rigged when going into the army. I had used it for\\nmany years before, when I almost lived in the saddle. I was\\nnever thrown out of it, and loved it nearly as well as I did my\\nspurs, not only for the use I had out of it, but the sentiment sur-\\nrounding it. When I dismounted at Macon I told the officer\\nloorpj^g gQa^j-sp indignities of the Yankees on this occasion were\\nwhollv inexcusable. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0627.jp2"}, "626": {"fulltext": "574 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthat I would like to retain my saddle; that I would pay more\\nthan its value in consequence of its having been the gift of a\\nfriend. He replied, The government wants your saddle. I\\nanswered sharply, I reckon you want it. There was a good\\ndouble-reined bridle on the horse. I had no strap on my Mexi-\\ncan blanket, which he tried to take from me. I took my knife\\nout of my pocket, and in an instant cut the reins off close to the\\nbit, saying, Well, I will just take these to strap my blanket.\\nHe looked daggers at me, but I kept the reins.\\nHere I managed to write a letter home, which reached there\\nafter a very long time. I still had paper of the executive office\\nof the Confederate States, and wrote upon it. I suppose it was\\nmy Texas experience in rough traveling, added to my methodical\\nway of carrying on business even under difficulties, that accounts\\nfor my being so well equipped at the end of such a long and rapid\\nretreat. My saddle bags were not only supplied with writing\\nmaterial necessary to the business of an aide, but I had a suffi-\\nciency of good clothing on my pack horse, a Mexican blanket, and\\nother necessaries wore a good new uniform and new boots, re-\\ntained my valuable gold watch, and had money enough in my\\npossession to have been murdered if it had been known.\\nI was equipped for a campaign, and lost nothing upon being\\nmade a prisoner but my horses, saddle, and pistols, and part of\\nthe money deposited in my holsters.\\nHere is the letter home:\\nMacon, May 13, 1865.\\nMy Dear Wife I am at this place a prisoner of war. The\\nPresident, with a small party making their way to the Trans-\\nMississippi, was captured on the 10th near Irvinsville, Ga., about\\n100 miles south of this place.\\nIt is said we will be sent to Washington immediately.\\nDo not be uneasy, my dear wife. I am in fine health and\\nabout as well treated as could be expected. I will endeavor to\\nwrite you frequently. Keep up your spirits, my sweet wife. All\\nwill yet be well.\\nYou had better sell cattle if you can occasionally for specie,\\nand secure it in case you should need it.\\nI can not yet determine what I shall do.\\nI shall stand by the country as long as there is a government", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0628.jp2"}, "627": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 575\\nor any hope. I can not say much at present. God bless you and\\nall at home. Give my love to all. Kiss the children for me,\\nand believe me, my dear wife,\\nYours most truly,\\nF. R. Lubbock.\\nThe children referred to were our nieces and nephews.\\nThis letter makes plain that I wished to provide specie for an\\nemergency, though what that might be I could not decide, and\\nshows that I still clung to a hope for the Confederacy. That\\nhope was founded upon my high appreciation of the western\\narmy, and it gives me pleasure to remember that, just as I was\\nwriting that letter, though the President was captured, the Con-\\nfederates in Texas won a victory in a fight, the last of the war,\\nnear Brazos Santiago, and Gen. Kirby Smith did not surrender\\nuntil two weeks after, May 36, 1865.\\nFrom Macon we were taken by rail to Augusta, thence by boat\\nto Savannah, and from the latter place by gunboat to Fortress\\nMonroe, at the month of the James.\\nAt Augusta our number was increased by Vice-President Alex-\\nander H. Stephens, Senator Clay of Alabama, with his hand-\\nsome, spirited wife, and Gen. Joe Wheeler, chief of cavalry in\\nthe Army of Tennessee, with his adjutant, Captain Rawle. The\\nregion about Augusta was the territory in which this dashing\\ncavalry commander displayed so much heroism, driving back to\\ntheir base marauding parties sent out from General Sherman s\\nlines on his march to the sea.\\nMr. Clay was included in Mr. Johnson s proclamation with\\nMr. Davis, and voluntarily surrendered himself to meet the\\ncharge.\\nIt is proper here to state that General Wheeler had met Mr.\\nDavis when at Charlotte, from which place, after consultation,\\nhe repaired to Greensboro for his cavalry force to form part of\\nthe presidential escort but by an unforeseen mishap failed in his\\npurpose and did not see Mr. Davis again until they met as pris-\\noners at Augusta. General Wheeler, some years later, when a\\nmember of the United States Congress from Alabama, thus wrote\\nin his Reminiscences of Jefferson Davis\\nI next met Mr. Davis at Augusta. We went to Sa-\\n,vannah on a small steamboat, thence to Hilton Head, where we", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0629.jp2"}, "628": {"fulltext": "576 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nboarded the transport Clyde, and, convoyed by the frigate Tus-\\ncarora, we sailed for Fortress Monroe.\\nOur party included Mr. and Mrs. Davis, their daughter, a\\nvery young girl in short dresses, and Miss Winnie, a baby in\\narms also Miss Howell, a sister of Mrs. Davis Mr. Reagan, Sen-\\nator and Mrs. C. C. Clay, Alexander Stephens, Col. Preston\\nJohnston, Cols. F. R. Lubbock and Burton Harrison, of Mr.\\nDavis staff, and my three staff officers. Col. Marcellus Hudson,\\nCaptain Rawle, and Lieutenant Ryan.\\nWe formed a very pleasant group, and, considering all things,\\nenjoyed the trip more than might have been expected. Mr. Da-\\nvis noble courage never forsook him for a moment he was per-\\nfectly calm and seemed to have no regard for himself or his fate.\\nHe fully appreciated the sad condition of the people of the Con-\\nfederacy, and much that he said showed how clearly his pene-\\ntrating mind peered into the future. I saw two possi-\\nble chances for his escape, both of which I made known to him,\\nbut he expressed himself as not desiring to make the attempt.\\nIt was evident that he felt his relief from responsibility, and,\\namid all his trials and troubles, he evidently enjoyed the pleas-\\nure of having a few days which he could so entirely devote to\\nhis family. He walked the deck with his baby, Winnie, in his\\narms, and frequently allowed me the same privilege, which I was\\nalways delighted to accept. We were at sea several days, the Tus-\\ncarora always being near us.\\nIn the late Spanish war General Wheeler left his seat in Con-\\ngress to accept a commission as major-general of volunteers in\\nthe United States army, and greatly distinguished himself in\\nthe campaign before Santiago de Cuba. The fame of this gal-\\nlant ex-Confederate and now L^nitcd States soldier is fresh in\\nthe minds of all the people of the restored Union.\\nAs to Vice-President Stephens demeanor, as far as Fortress\\nMonroe, General Wheeler said Mr. Stephens and myself oc-\\ncupied the same stateroom. He was less cheerful than Mr. Davis,\\nand seemed very much more apprehensive regarding our fate.\\nI tried to reassure him, and reminded him of his Savannah\\nspeech, and of his extensive acquaintance with men who held\\nprominent positions in the government but my arguments were\\nwithout effect, and he expressed himself as convinced that his\\nconfinement woi;ld be very long, if not perpetual. I said, ^Why,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0630.jp2"}, "629": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 577\\nMr. Stephens, if you expect such treatment, what about Mr.\\nDavis? His only reply was: My young friend, do not speak\\nof it.\\nWhen we arrived at Fortress Monroe Mr. Davis did me the\\nhonor to request of the United States government that I should\\nbe permitted to share his prison with him. This was promptly\\nrefused.\\nFor the next two years this fortress was the place of his im-\\nprisonment, the severities of which he endured with manly dig-\\nnity and heroic fortitude. Senator Clay was also incarcerated\\nhere. Their families were sent back to Savannah.\\nVice-President Stephens and the Postmaster General, John\\nH. Eeagan, w^ere sent to Fort Warren, in Boston harbor; Col.\\nBurton N. Harrison, the President s private secretary, to the old\\nCapitol prison, Washington, D. C. and Gen. Joe Wheeler, Col.\\nPreston Johnston and myself to Fort Delaware, on the west side\\nof Delaware Bay. We were conveyed to Fort Delaware on the\\nsteamer Maumee, Commander Parker, now a prominent lawyer\\nin New York.^i\\nOn the trip Captain Parker was very kind, and said Col-\\nonel, if you will make no attempt to escape, I will with pleasure\\ngive my room up to you. I readily gave the required promise,\\ntelling him I could not swim well enough to attempt an escape,\\nand that I had no intention of committing suicide.\\nFrom that time forward I had a comfortable voyage.\\nloiln 1890 (while I was State Treasurer) Captain Parker called\\nupon me at the capitol, and we passed some time together in pleasant\\nconversation. It was deemed quite a notable fact that, after so many\\nyears, he and his three prisoners should all be alive and getting along\\nwell in the world General Wheeler a member of Congress from Ala-\\nbama, Colonel Johnston president of Tulane University, Louisiana, and\\nmyself State Treasurer of Texas.\\n37", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0631.jp2"}, "630": {"fulltext": "578 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTEE THIRTY-TWO.\\nLife in Prison General Schoepff My Bare Quarters Hard Fare\\nNo Books but the Bible and Prayer Book No Letters Allowed to Go\\nOut or Come In A Ruse News Release Washington City\\nInterview with Secretary Stanton and President Johnson Return to\\nTexas via Cairo and New Orleans Welcome Home The Situation\\nin Texas.\\nAs I entered the barracks at Fort Delaware I was met by my\\nfriend Colonel Manning, of the Third Arkansas, who most cor-\\ndially welcomed me to the prison. I smiled and said Colonel,\\nthe mischief you are glad to see me here\\nWell, he answered, Lubbock, I meant if you had to be in\\nprison, I wanted you with us.\\nHoused in the quarters to which we were directed were 2500\\nConfederates, in charge of a North Carolinian, Colonel Hinton,\\none of their number, who was held responsible for their good\\nconduct. I was told to select a bunk, which I did up on the\\nthird tier, and commenced earnestly to fix for such comfort as\\nprison life could afford. I arranged my blanket and clothing,\\n.and gave my soiled linen to a lieutenant, who agreed to wash\\nthem, after which I took dinner, by invitation, with friends, a\\nvery fair prison dinner; also my supper. I purchased a few\\ntrinkets, whalebone rings, made by some expert carver, to give\\nhim a little spending money. Each officer brought his particular\\ntalent into requisition to contribute to his comfort.\\nThrough the day I met many friends, and thought I was about\\nto have a good time with so much good company, despite the sor-\\nrowful circumstances. My fellow captives were very cheerful,\\nas they expected to be released in a few days.^\u00c2\u00b0^\\nAfter a pleasant evening I climbed into my bunk and slept\\nwell, getting up next morning quite refreshed.\\nAfter breakfast an officer presented himself and asked if I\\nwas Colonel Lubbock.\\n10 2. Tune 6th all the privates and officers up to captain inclusive\\nwere ordered released, on taking the oath of allegiance. The higher\\nofficers were to be released, so we were informed, after the discharge of\\nall the others.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0632.jp2"}, "631": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 579\\nBeing told that I was Colonel Lubbock, he said: General\\nSchoeptf, the conuiiandant, wishes to see you at his headquarters\\nover at the fort.\\nI replied: I will accompany you at once.\\nAs I moved off with him, lie said You had better take your\\nthings with you.\\nI answered My clothing has been given out to wash.\\nOh, we will attend to that, he rejoined.\\nGetting my saddle-bags and Mexican blanket, I accompanied\\nhim, supposing that the General intended giving me more agree-\\nable quarters in the fort, and probably wished to interview the\\nwhilom War-Governor of Texas and aide-de-camp to the Presi-\\ndent of the Confederate States.\\nIf these were my thoughts, and any visions of comfort for my\\ncaptured carcass flitted through my imagination, they soon van-\\nished when I was invited to a seat on a gun-carriage, with two\\nsentinels placed over me.\\nI was then informed by the provost marshal that they were\\npreparing a suitable room for my sole accommodation, which I\\nthought very nice of them. At 13 o clock, having occupied my\\nseat since 8 o clock, a soldier handed me a tin cup of bean soup\\nout of an apparently very dirty wooden pail also a small piece\\nof pickled pork, hard tack, and a bottle of vinegar.\\nI may say right here that I made up my mind when captured\\nnever to wince, if I could avoid it, in the presence of one of my\\ncaptors or guards, to take everything as it came and be cheer-\\nful. So when being marched along the highway to Macon, I\\ntreated everything that happened lightly. When asked by Col-\\nonel Pritchard when I thought the cause lost, I replied When\\nyou captured President Davis and me, a pleasantry that called\\nforth a hearty laugh from him, as was intended.\\nNow, being hungry, I ate everything they gave me except the\\nbottle of vinegar scraping up the last crumb. Upon the guard\\nremarking that I seemed to enjoy my dinner, I replied Very\\nmuch. It is the best meal I have had in six months; the soup\\nwas fine, if it did come out of such a dirty bucket. Do you al-\\nways feed so well? and at once I proceeded to let my belt out\\nseveral holes.\\nI was kept on that gun-carriage until dark and then taken to\\nthe quarters they had been so many hours in preparing for me.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0633.jp2"}, "632": {"fulltext": "580 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nWhen I entered, will you believe it the war was over and\\nall of our armies had surrendered and returned home) I found\\nmyself in a room about 13x14 feet, its door and three windows\\niron-grated with regular prison bars, the windows looking out\\non a wide moat filled with water. The floor had been scrubbed\\nand was still wet. The walls had just been whitewashed, or\\nrather smeared over with lime, and were also wet. There was\\nno chair, or bed, or blanket, to rest upon, or indeed any article\\nof furniture, there was just the floor, ceiling, and four walls,\\nand there was no light except that furnished by the lamp in the\\nhall.\\nI used my saddle-bags for a pillow, and my Mexican blanket,\\nwhich I had kept them from robbing me of, to sleep upon. My\\npillow was hard, but there was a big grain of comfort in the fact\\nthat it still contained my Confederate gold.\\nTwo guards watched at my door, and at times during the night\\nthey would come and thrust their lanterns into my face, for\\nwhat purpose I know not. Probably it was to see if I was hatch-\\ning treason, or possibly they thought I would attempt suicide.\\nI have tried to think of some motive for it besides unmitigated\\nmeanness. I may have been ready for treason, stratagem, and\\nspoils but never for suicide. I wasn t built that way.\\nI had for my breakfast next morning a piece of fresh beef,\\nsome baker s bread, and water. Then, for dinner, bean soup,\\npickled pork, hardtack, and all the water I desired; and day by\\nday I had beef three times a week and pickled pork the other\\ndays, hardtack and bakers bread alternately, vinegar, salt, and\\npepper. They never did give me a ciip of coffee or tea.\\nAfter a few days I sent for the provost marshal and told him\\nunless he gave me a bed to sleep upon, I would demand to be\\nsent to the hospital that I would not stand the floor any longer.\\nI was then furnished with a sack filled with hay on a wooden\\nbunk.\\nSome time after that a Dr. McClellan, cousin to General Mc-\\nClellan, was assigned to duty at the fort. He visited me, and\\nupon seeing how I was treated became quite indignant, saying:\\nI will see the general and get permission to furnish you with nec-\\nessary bedding. The day following he sent me a mattress, pil-\\nlow, pillow-cases, and sheets, promising when they were\\nsoiled to have them changed. He also sent me a book from time", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0634.jp2"}, "633": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 581\\nto time, and after his interesting himself in my behalf, I was fur-\\nnished with a seat and table.\\nI was not allowed to write to my wife. I managed, however,\\nthrough the guard, to get many letters out and to receive a few\\nin return, writing of course and receiving answers under a fic-\\ntitious name, that of Saltus, the name of my maternal grand-\\nfather.\\nWhile it was positively prohibited for the guards to converse\\nwith me, in the course of time I had so impressed myself upon\\nthem that, when the officer was out of the way, they would listen\\nto my story. Many of them were Germans, and I told them of\\nmy canvass against the Know-Nothings, and that gained their\\nfriendship, and I won the sympathy of all. Some of them would\\nget me pencil and paper when I desired, and deliver my letters to\\na boatman (who carried the mail) and receive the answers. They\\nwould accept little mementoes of the Confederacy from me, such\\nas postage stamps with Mr. Davis photograph on them, and paste\\nthem in their hats with Mr. Lincoln s. They would sometimes\\nsay Give me something so that, if we come to Texas, you will\\nknow us.\\nOn one occasion there was quite a scene with the provost mar-\\nshal and myself. Owing to the watchfulness of an officer, one\\nof xcc^ letters to my wife was intercepted. It was brought in\\nby the provost marshal. He confronted me with it and attempted\\nto give me a lecture for writing, stating that I knew it was\\nagainst the prison discipline. I answered him I had written,\\nand he could rest assured I would continue to do so whenever\\nopportunity offered that it was dastardly cruelty to prohibit me,\\na prisoner, from writing to my family, when I had offered to\\nsubmit my letters to him before mailing. I continued to get\\nletters in and out, and finally, three weeks before my discharge,\\nwas granted formal permission to write and receive such com-\\nmunications.\\nThe first thing Mrs. Lubbock heard of me after I was taken\\nNorth was through the following advertisement\\nTo Mrs. Lobock, of Texas. Your husband. Col. Frank\\nLoboek, is confined at Fort Delaware in good health and spir-\\nits. A. T. Texas papers please copy.\\nShe always kept that little scrap of well worn newspaper (cut\\nfrom a 35-cent advertising column) among her sacred treasures.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0635.jp2"}, "634": {"fulltext": "583 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nI think the advertisement was inserted by a party, walking be-\\nlow, whose attention I attracted while I was taking exercise\\non the parapet one day, and to whom, without consulting the\\nguard, I called out Let Mrs. Lubbock, of Texas, know that\\nher husband. Col. Frank Lubbock, is here a prisoner in good\\nhealth and spirits.\\nI wish that he knew that this little piece of paper was far more\\nto my wife than all the handsome notices of her husband that\\nhad ever been in print. Those she lost this she treasured. Why\\ndon t people take the trouble to do more little things like that,\\ninstead of wishing for millions, to make the human race happy?\\nPrison life brings about strange incidents. It also sharpens\\none s wits. On one occasion, while walking for exercise, I saw an\\nold newspaper on the parapet, near the gun-carriage. It had\\nbeen used for wiping the coal tar off one of the guns. I was\\nwatched very closely by the guard, and at that time was not al-\\nlowed to see a newspaper. I very hurriedly picked it up and put\\nit in my coat pocket. It proved a great comfort, as it gave me\\nmuch information concerning my Confederate friends. It gave\\na full account of the escape to Florida of General Breckenridge,\\nMr. Benjamin, and Col. Taylor Wood, and much other welcome\\nnews.\\nIt may be asked how I got to read it when I was so closely\\nguarded. It was in this wise I was allowed to close the door\\nwhen bathing. This done, I would get in the tub (a large half-\\ncask that I had impressed into service) and read, at the same\\ntime making a great splutter in the water.\\nOn another occasion the soldier-convict who brought me my\\nmeals presented me, although he said it was contrary to orders,\\nwith a bologna sausage that a prisoner had sent to me. I placed\\nit away to be eaten at a more convenient season. Upon attempt-\\ning to cut it, I found it was hollow and contained something in-\\nstead of sausage meat. I immediately concluded to take a bath,\\nand upon testing the sausage I found it contained many feet of\\nnewspaper margin written all over in pencil with great news for\\nme. It was sent by Burton N. Harrison, Mr. Davis private sec-\\nretary, who had been brought from the old Capitol prison, at\\nWashington. D. C, and placed in Fort Delaware. He knew that\\nI was in the fort, but I did not know that he had been trans-\\nferred there until he gave me the intelligence in my bologna", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0636.jp2"}, "635": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 583\\nsausage, together with other information qnite interesting to me.\\nHe gave me a most satisfactory account of the escape and safe\\narrival at Havana of my friends and companions, General\\nBreckenridge, Mr. Benjamin, and Col. Taylor Wood.\\nAfter being in prison some time, and while walking on the\\nparapet, I noticed a man observing me intently and making signs\\nat me. I discovered they were Masonic signs, and I answered\\nthem.\\nHe was the sutler at the fort, and had known me in Texas.\\nHe informed General Schoepff that I was a Mason. The general\\ncalled on me, and, after satisfying himself that I was a member\\nof the order, said If you have money, you can purchase from\\nthe sutler such articles as you need to make you more comfort-\\nable. I have issued to you the rations allowed by the govern-\\nment.\\nNot wishing to let him know that I had money secreted, I\\nanswered, I will draw on my friend Mr. J. H. Brower, of New\\nYork.\\n1 gave him the check. He collected the money and gave me\\nfrom time to time the amount I required. I at once commenced\\ngetting coffee, canned vegetables, and fruits, and living much\\nbetter that when I was limited to government rations, and far\\nbetter than when I was a Confederate soldier. But to win our\\ncause it would have been sweet to live on husks. That it was\\nlost was the only hardship worth mentioning. The humanity\\nof the surgeon and the guards had given me a bed and an oppor-\\ntunity to hear from my wife, and my credit in New York was\\ndoing the rest and I felt like a veritable banker with my little\\nhandful of money still secure in my possession.\\nWhen the $1500 was given me for safe keeping l)y the treas-\\nurer, I secreted quite an amount of it in an inner pocket of my\\nsaddle-bags, where, without close inspection, it would not be dis-\\ncovered, and also a large part in my heavy cavalry boots, which\\nI had ripped open for that purpose. It made my boots quite\\nheavy, and when walking I appeared almost lame. Some little I\\nsecured about my person. The remainder I rolled well and put\\nin my holsters.\\nHad they taken my saddle-bags, or searched me, my gold would\\nhave been found. Upon going into prison I took a pair of der-\\nringers from my saddle-bags and some other things, and handing", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0637.jp2"}, "636": {"fulltext": "584 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthem to the provost marshal, said I suppose you prefer to\\ntake care of these. This, I suppose, as I intended it should,\\nprevented him from entertaining suspicions that would have in-\\nduced him to search me.\\nMy life in prison tested my strength very severely; not only\\nbecause I, fond of companionship, was in solitary confinement\\nwithout amusement of any kind, but because I had no employ-\\nment, who am constitutionally and by habit a worker.\\nI kept up my spirits, however, being determined to stand it\\nlike a man. I was well aware that this period of durance must\\ncome to an end in a few months, and in the meantime I took\\nkindly to the occupations and pastimes and companions that\\ncould be found inside my prison bars.\\nOne good thing I did was to read the Bible and prayer book\\nthrough. They were such good Christians that they furnished\\nthese before they gave me a seat or a bed. But in those days I\\nwas not prepared to derive the pleasure and benefit I ought to\\nhave received from pious reading and meditation. Like my\\nfriend Moody s man, I was sure there is a hell I did not see\\nthe heaven so clearly and all the charm there is in reading\\nthe Bible flows from a knowledge of the truth that there is a\\nheaven.\\nWhen Col. W. L. Moody, of Gregg s regiment, after being severely\\nwounded was returning home from the east side of the Mississippi, he\\nwith a number of companions drove up to a farm house near Shreve-\\nport, La., hailed the owner, and inquired if he could get some fodder\\nto feed his mules. The farmer seeing they were soldiers, and fearing\\nhe would have to supply fodder without remuneration, commenced at\\nonce pleading poverty, that he was a poor man and had but little\\nfodder.\\nColonel Moody, in his quiet preacher-like way, said to him: My\\nfriend, I knew you were poor, or I would not have applied to you. The\\npoor man, always kind and charitable, expects to receive his reward in\\nheaven.\\nHeaven? heaven? the man replied, I dunno about that!\\nWhy, said the Colonel, don t you believe there is a heaven?\\nWell, I dunno, was the reply.\\nDo you not believe, then, asked the Colonel sharply and severely,\\nthere is a hell?\\nOh yes, J know there is a hell; there is just as much needcessity for a\\nhell as for a jail in Shreveport/ (Shreveport was a wild place in those\\ndays.\\nThis reply greatly excited the risibility of the home-going Confed-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0638.jp2"}, "637": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 585\\nAt times I repeated aloud everything that my memory could\\nrecall, prose and poetry. When opportunity offered I talked to\\nthe guard and sometimes had the pleasure of receiving an answer.\\nNoticing a few mice creeping about the cell when they thought\\nI was asleep or would not see them, I fed and tamed the little\\nfellows and we became good friends. The only fault 1 found\\nwith them was that they were quiet as mice. I polished my\\nboots until I coidd see my face on their surface, and put in so\\nmuch time washing my eating vessels that I chapped my hands\\nand made them bleed. At the end of a few weeks I had become\\nso expert in these various occupations that I could have taken a\\npremium over many a professional bootblack or dishwasher. I\\nbathed very frequently, carrying in the water myself. And thus\\nI beguiled the weary hours of my prison life and kept them from\\nenfeebling my body, enervating my mind, or depressing my nat-\\nurally confident and bouyant spirit. The consciousness, too, of\\nhaving done no wrong, and the hope of better things, was a\\nmighty and sovereign tonic under such circumstances. I knew\\nthat many brave companions of former and happier days, par-\\nticipants in a struggle that I felt assured would be vindicated\\nby the impartial judgment of after times, were like circum-\\nstanced, and I was prepared to share their fate, whatever it\\nmight be.\\nA Philadelphia paper in speaking of Col. Preston Johnston,\\ndescribed him as being a tall, commanding-looking man. with\\nlarge gray eyes, and military mien. While enjoying his morning\\nwalk on the rampart, said the paper, he moves very rapidly\\nto and fro, evidently determined that his health shall not suffer\\nfor all the exercise he can get. In the same article appeared a\\nlong reference to myself in which occurred the following It is\\nstrictly prohibited to have any intercourse with State, or in fact\\nany other prisoners at the fort but as the commandant per-\\nmitted the writer to go where he pleased, he strained a point and\\npassed a few hurried words with Colonel Lubbock. The colonel\\nstated that he had not been permitted to see a newspaper since his\\ncapture. Then follows a sketch of myself as a member of Mr.\\nerates, and they greeted it with a generous guffaw, produced money,\\nbought what fodder they needed for their horses, and resumed their\\njourney.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0639.jp2"}, "638": {"fulltext": "586 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nDavis staff, and my account of our capture, the article conclud-\\ning thus Colonel Lubbock expressed his satisfaction at the\\nmanner of his treatment while in our hands, and is evidently\\nmade as comfortable as possible under the circumstances. He\\nis permitted to take a walk for half an hour each morning on the\\nparapet of the fort,^\u00c2\u00b0^ attended by a guard. On these occasions\\nhe dons a rebel colonel s coat, with three stars on the collar, a\\nwell-worn pair of buckskin gloves and military cap, and, thus\\nattended, slowly parades the parapet during the allotted time.\\nHe is apparently about 50 years of age; gray eyes;\\nmustache, and short, thick-set figure. He is evidently a man of\\neducation, and very courteous and gentlemanly in his manners.\\nI received a visit or two during the latter part of my imprison-\\nment. One was from Mrs. Ehodes, of California. Her husband\\nwas United States consul at Galveston during the days of the\\nRepublic. She was a friend of mine and esteemed my brother\\nTom most highly. She gave me a beautiful Texas star of the\\nTexas Terry rangers.^ I gave her in return one of my colonel s\\nstars, and also one to Mrs. Schoepff, wife of the commandant of\\nthe fort.\\nAt length my brother, Capt. Henry S. Lubbock, was permitted\\nto visit me with a view to securing my speedy release. He, how-\\never, accomplished little. He informed me that many charges\\nhad been filed against me at Washington, alleging that, while I\\nwas Grovernor, I had been cruel to the Union men of Texas and\\nhad even caused many of them to be killed, a foul and base\\nfabrication, that probably originated with the Union men in\\nTexas, one of whom, so I was informed, stated that I would not\\nbe permitted to return to the State, and whom, it is a great\\ngratification to me to record, I made a canvass against some\\nyears later in behalf of a Democratic opponent of his for Con-\\ngress, who was for the Union during the war, but kept his alle-\\nle Mr. J. H. Colvin, of the Fourth Texas regiment, now one of the\\nTravis county commissioners, has told the editor that while at Fort\\nDelaware a prisoner he frequently saw Colonel Lubbock walking on the\\nparapet. Ed.\\n104 1 regret to say that I lost this memento many years later while on\\na trip through Texas with Mr. Davis.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0640.jp2"}, "639": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 587\\ngiance to Texas, and who was elected by an overwhelming ma-\\njority at the polls.\\nFrom brother Henry I learned several interesting items from\\nTexas Governor Hurrah s call for a State convention its fail-\\nure to meet and the Governor s retirement to Mexico; General\\nGranger s proclamation, from Galveston, of freedom to the\\nslaves; the arrival of Gen. A. J. Hamilton in Texas and his\\nentrance upon his duties of Provisional Governor that all voters,\\nunder the new regime, had to take the following oath I, A. B.,\\ndo solemnly swear, or affirm, in the presence of Almighty God,\\nthat T will henceforth faithfully support and defend the Consti-\\ntution of the United States and the Union of the States there-\\nunder, and that I will, in like manner, abide by and faithfully\\nsupport all laws and proclamations which have been made during\\nthe existing rebellion with reference to the emancipation of the\\nslaves, so help me God that all the Confederates in Texas were\\nsubscribing to the oath as a qualification for the duties of citizen-\\nship, and showing by their actions an acquiescence in the new\\norder of things and that President Johnson s policy of restoring\\nthe State to its place in the Union with as little delay as possible\\nwas being cheerfully supported by Texans.\\nI never did understand why I was detained after the general\\ndischarge of Confederate officers. It might have been to use me\\nas a witness in the contemplated trial of Mr. Davis for treason.\\nI knew that no charges could be sustained against me as the\\nexecutive of Texas or as a Confederate officer, and, confident of\\nthis, I determined to interview the general commanding in my\\nown behalf. At my request he visited me. I suggested to him\\nthat there must be some mistake about my retention in prison;\\nthat all officers had been released, and I had come to the con-\\nclusion that the government of the United States did not know\\nthat I was a prisoner, and that I had a family and some creditors\\nthat would like to see me in Texas, where I could be of some\\nbenefit to them. He replied that the government was well aware\\nof my imprisonment, adding I do not know but that any day\\nI may receive an order to have you shot. Like some of the pub-\\nlic prints, perhaps he thought the government might see proper\\n1\u00c2\u00b0^ Governor Lubbock refers to E. J. Davis, who was a candidate for\\nCongress against Hon. John Hancock. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0641.jp2"}, "640": {"fulltext": "58S LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nto strike terror in the hearts of our people by the execution of a\\ncertain number of prominent Confederates.\\nWhatever he meant, I met him half way. I see that the gov-\\nernment is visiting upon the people of the South great hardships,\\nloss of citizenship, and other cruelties, I replied. Now, if the\\nauthorities in power wish to punish somebody, why not select a\\nfew of the distinguished men of the South from each State and\\nshoot or hang them, relieving the masses; and should they see\\nproper to select me as one from Texas, I am ready and willing.\\nIt would make good reading in history.\\nHe then said I can do no good writing to the Secretary of\\nWar. He will communicate about you in due time.\\nI concluded the interview by asking permission to write my-\\nself. He assented, and about the 1st of jSTovember, 1865, I wrote\\nto Mr. Stanton, in substance, who I was my rank in the army\\nhow I Avas captured (that I was captured with my uniform on,\\nperforming the duties of an officer) that I had heard there were\\ncharges preferred against me and on file; that if such was the\\ncase, I desired to be taken to Washington at once and confronted\\nwith the accusation and my accusers that there was no founda-\\ntion in fact back of the charges that my being longer kept in\\nconfinement could be of no possible service to the government,\\nbut on the contrary would entail useless expense; and, lastly,\\nthat 1 wished to return to my home to support my family and\\nto pay my debts.\\nThe Masons also took prompt measures in my favor, forward-\\ning papers by a Mason to the order in Washington City in order\\nthat tiiey might be brought to the attention of the government.\\nThis caused my wife to look with favor upon my Masonic friends,\\nand when I was released and returned to tell her that I had re-\\nceived many benefits from being a member of the order, she\\nseemed to relent, and from that time to her death she appeared\\nreconciled to Masonry, much to my gratification.\\nIn about three weeks General SchoepfP received an order to\\ndischarge me. I was given no explanation of the whys and\\nwherefores of ray long detention or of my liberation, and I asked\\nnone.^*\\n106 Tj^g news soon spread by wire to Houston. The Telegraph, in an-\\nnouncing my liberation in its issue of November 27, 1865, said: We\\nare exceedingly gratified to be able to inform our readers that ex-Gov-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0642.jp2"}, "641": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 589\\nThe things that 1 surrendered were all returned to me on my\\nleaving the prison, with the exception of a fine gold pen, which\\nwas reported lost. The derringers I j)resented to Mr. W. B.\\nWorth am after I became State Treasurer.\\nI divided the gold with those of my companions captured with\\nme who needed money, good Confederates, who served from\\nfirst to last. I found no Confederate government to which I\\ncould report when I was discharged from prison, and the Federal\\ngovernment had no right whatever to it. Our party made no\\nterms of surrender. The amount left on hand would not pay\\nme for my Kentucky horse, taken when I was captured.\\nJudge John H. Reagan, who was released several months be-\\nfore I was, said to me in the course of conversation not long\\nsince When calling upon President Johnson, immediately\\nafter my release, to get my parole papers changed, I asked for\\npermission to visit Mr. Davis, which was denied. I also asked\\nfor your release, whereupon Mr. Johnson told me that you were\\ncharged with murder. I immediately answered Governor\\nLubbock is incapable of such a thing, and I demand for him a\\ntrial. He can disprove the charges. No doubt what Reagan\\nsaid helped to influence those in authority to release me without\\ngoing through the troublesome farce of a trial. My good friend\\nReagan, God bless him was as true to me then as when, a few\\nmonths before, he stood ready, with hand under his coat on his\\nsixshooter, to take a part if the miserable fellows who tried to\\nrob me after I was captured had attempted to kill me, as they\\nthreatened.\\nI was held in solitary confinement in one of the iron-bound\\nrooms of Fort Delaware, with guards over me the entire time, for\\nabout eight months.\\nI have described how the rich government of the United States\\ntreated her prisoners after the restoration of peace and yet some\\nof their officials and people are still harping upon and abusing\\nernor Lubbock, of this State, who has been confined in Fort Delaware\\never since last May, was released on parole last Thursday and is now,\\nwe hope and trust, on his way home. He will be welcomed by many\\nwarm friends with sincere joy.\\nI do not know whether or not the story got out years later (during\\nmy canvass for State Treasurer), of the obstinacy with which I protected\\nthat government gold. If it did, I doubt not it got me many a vote.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0643.jp2"}, "642": {"fulltext": "590 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe Confederate authorities for not feeding the Federal prisoners\\nwith fare that many of our best citizens and soldiers could not\\ncommand during the war, and this, too, notwithstanding the\\nwell-known facts that our ports were closed, our country devas-\\ntated, and that we persistently, but unsuccessfully, demanded an\\nexchange. I think it is about time for these senseless detractors\\nof the South to cease their railing, for the more the matter is\\nprobed the more will be the discredit reflected on the Federal\\nauthorities.\\nWhen my mind reverts to Major Wirz, whom they hung for\\ncruelty to prisoners at Andersonville, who struggled to do the\\nbest he could for his prisoners while our army was suffering for\\nfood and medicines,^*^\u00c2\u00ae and who refused at the last day a respite\\noffered to him if he would implicate Mr. Davis in the alleged\\nseverities at Andersonville, saying I would not, to save my life,\\ntell a falsehood, I am convinced that many a man has been wor-\\nshiped who was not made of as good hero-stuff as he.\\nWhen I was discharged I was furnished, at my request, with\\ntransportation to Washington, D. C, where I wished to have\\nmy parole papers changed. Immediately upon my release I\\nstarted for Washington, by way of Wilmington and Baltimore,\\nin company with my brother Henry. We arrived there at 6 :30\\na. m. the following day and registered at Delmonico s, on Penn-\\nsylvania Avenue. On the 25th, after consultation with a Texas\\nfriend, George White, I decided to call on Secretary of War\\nStanton. Presenting myself without introduction to the adju-\\ntant-general in charge of his office, I asked to see the Secretary.\\nThe adjutant told me that if I would wait he would secure me\\nan interview that Mr. Stanton was very busy with General But-\\nler and Governor Hahn.\\nThe ante-room was full of people who had come in before me\\nbut I had no other business, and took a seat to bide my time. In\\na short while the Louisiana ghouls (Butler and Hahn) came out,\\nand the adjutant-general very kindly gave me precedence of\\nothers in waiting, and showed me into Mr. Stanton. I told the\\nSecretary my parole required me to go to Houston and there to\\nremain, subject to the orders of the President. I explained to\\n108 They even refused to allow us to purchase medicines within their\\nlines for gold, or to send medicines to us to be used exclusively for their\\nown prisoners and to be administered by their own surgeons.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0644.jp2"}, "643": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 591\\nhim that 1 was a farmer and cattle dealer, and lived in the coun-\\ntry, and had no home at Houston. He accordingly changed the\\npapers. Finding him well disposed, I told him I would proh-\\nably resume my former business, and if so I would wish to visit\\nNew Orleans frequently. He then incorporated that permission\\nin my papers, whereupon I thanked him and bade him adieu.\\nMy Texas friends, A. W. Terrell and others, then in Washing-\\nton, were greatly surprised at my success in being so promptly\\naccorded what I requested.\\nAmong others whom I met in Washington were Simeon Hart\\nJudge Lem D. Evans, who had very kindly interested himself in\\nmy case; my friend Tom Howard and his family, and Judge\\nBurnet, who expressed himself as delighted at seeing me at\\nliberty.\\nThe next thing was to have my transportation changed. It\\nprovided for a sea voyage from New York to Galveston. My\\nfriend Maj. Tom Howard accompanied me to the quartermaster-\\ngeneral, who, after some persuasion on my part, gave me railroad\\ntransportation to Cairo, 111., steamboat transportation to New\\nOrleans, and ship passage from the latter place to G-alveston.\\nOn the 27th Henry left for Philadelphia en route home.^\\nThe 28th being cabinet day, I failed to see President Johnson,\\nbut on the 29th had a short interview with him. His reception\\nof me was kindly and cordial, and in parting he told me to go\\nhome and do the best I could to harmonize the people and for-\\nget the past.\\nI took the train for New York at 11 :30 a. m., December 1st,\\nreached the city at 6 :30 p. m., registered at the New York Hotel,\\nand, taking a stroll about town, met many Texans. I visited\\nCentral Park, Brooklyn, and other points of interest on the od,\\ndid some shopping on the 4th, and at 9 a. m. on the 5th left for\\nCairo, via the Jersey Central Railway, and was at last fairly on\\nmy way home, to which my heart fondly turned, and from which\\nI had now been absent more than two years.\\nPassing through Harrisburg, Pittsburg, and Cincinnati, I ar-\\nrived at Cairo at 6 p. m. on the 7th, and went at once on board\\nthe steamboat R. W. Arthur.\\nOne of my fellow passengers down the Mississippi was Hon.\\nI did not see my brother Henry till I reached Texas.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0645.jp2"}, "644": {"fulltext": "592 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS,\\nA. J. Donelson, United States charge d affaires in Texas during\\nthe days of the Republic, jDrominent in connection with annexa-\\ntion, and a very pleasant gentleman and traveling companion.\\nAfter a safe and tolerably pleasant journey I arrived in Gal-\\nveston. From thence I proceeded to Houston, and had a most\\nhappy meeting with Mrs. Lubbock on Saturday, December 16,\\n1865. I found her pleasantly situated in Commodore Leon\\nSmith s house, which she jointly occupied with Mrs. James\\nEeiley.\\nThus ended my captivity and long absence from home. I was\\nonce more on Texas soil. My old friends, including E. H. Gush-\\ning, former editor of the Telegraph, gave me a most hearty\\nwelcome back to Texas but the changed aspect of things revived\\nthe past and made me sad. The din of war had ceased and the\\nblue had supplanted the gray. Everywhere United States sol-\\ndiers could be seen moving around with the air of conquerors,\\nand we, the once free citizens of once free Texas, could only speak\\nof governmental affairs with bated breath. The streets of Hous-\\nton and other cities in the State were crowded with lazy negroes,\\ncoming to the military headquarters for rations, clothing, and\\neverything else they could secure. The long war with a close\\nblockade had deprived our people of many necessaries of civilized\\nlife, and on its termination there was a large importation of\\ngoods which sold readily at high prices in greenbacks. Texans\\nfound markets for their stock, and there was a general revival of\\nbusiness.\\nI very soon, however, realized it was not the Texas I had left,\\nand in many respects I was not the same Texan.\\nA stray copy of the Mexican Times falling into my hands, I\\nwas surprised to learn that ex-Gov. Henry W. Allen, of Louis-\\niana, was its editor, and, in reading further, to learn that Seiior\\nM. F. Maury, of scientific and Confederate fame, was chief of\\ncolonization in Maximilian s empire, and that our gallant Gen.\\n1 1 The Houston T e^e^ rapA of December 18, 1865, contained the fol-\\nlowing:\\nWe had the pleasure on Saturday of welcoming home our friend\\nF. R. Lubbock, who is just released from Fort Delaware. He comes\\nhome in good health and spirits and, according to the New York Herald,\\na loyal supporter of the Union. Like other arrant and rampant rebels,\\nhe is glad to get out of war, out of politics, and out of public life. His\\nmany friends will join us in bidding him a hearty welcome home.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0646.jp2"}, "645": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 59S\\nJ. B. Magruder was also a seiior in the empire and chief of the\\nColonization Land Office. There also appeared in the paper no-\\ntices of General Price, Judge Perkins, of Louisiana; ex-Gover-\\nnors Murrah, of Texas, Polk, of Missouri, and ?Iarris, of Tennes-\\nsee, who, accepting the inducements held out by Maximilian, had\\nsettled in Mexico and a glowing circular from Ghief of Colon-\\nization Maury as to the advantages of living in Mexico and the\\nimproving prospects of the empire, stating in reference to Con-\\nfederate colonies Bryant, from Arkansas, has established a\\ncolony in Chihuahua Mitchell, of Missouri, another on the Rio\\nVerde, in the department of San Luis Potosi and Terry, of\\nTexas, another in Jalisco. They rent at first, with the privilege\\nof purchase at a future time at a stated price.\\nCol. A. W. Terrell was a participant in this emigration of Con-\\nfederate officers to Mexico. When I met him at Washington he\\nhad but recently returned from that country. Confederate colon-\\nists, perhaps, would have saved the empire, had Maximilian been\\ntrue to his pledges; but under the influence of his Mexican ad-\\nvisers, who dreaded all Americans, whether Federal or Confed-\\nerate, the emperor became jealous, and failed in good faith to his\\nimmigrants. The colony soon fell to pieces. The empire did not\\nlong survive.\\nGov. Z. B. Vance, of North Carolina, said, in 1865, to the\\nex-Confederate soldiers\\nThe best test of the best heroism now, is a cheerful and loyal\\nsubmission to the powers and events established by our defeat\\nand a ready obedience to the Constitution and laws of our coun-\\ntry. The greatest campaign for which soldiers ever\\nbuckled on armor is now before you. The drum beats and the\\nbugle sounds to arms to repel invading poverty and destitution,\\nwhich have seized our strongholds and are waging war, cruel and\\nruthless, upon our women and children. The noblest\\nsoldier now is he that, with ox and plow, pitches his tent against\\nthe waste places of his fire-blasted home and swears that from its\\nruins shall arise another like unto it. This is a be-\\nsieging of fate itself; a hand to hand struggle with the stern\\ncolumns of calamity and despair; but the God of Nature hath\\npromised that it shall not fail when courage, faith, and industry\\nsustain the assailant.\\nThis was the common sentiment of all our great leaders, and\\n38", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0647.jp2"}, "646": {"fulltext": "594 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nevents proved that it was also shared by the private soldiers.\\nEschewing politics, the old Confederates went to work with a\\nwill to repair their shattered fortunes.\\nIf their love of country, bravery in battle, endurance in camp\\nand on the march, and Spartan fortitude in the hour of disaster\\nare sufficient to challenge the admiration of all time, the wonder-\\nful racial reserA^e force and capability of meeting and surmount-\\ning hard conditions that they now displayed and that soon\\nenabled them to turn defeat into practical victory, and to lay\\nthe foundations for a new and more opulent civilization, domi-\\nnated by themselves, despite every effort of the victors to prevent\\nit, make them greater than their conquerors. In making up the\\nfinal verdict of history, all this will be accepted as conclusive\\nevidence that as a people they might be conquered on the battle-\\nfield by force of overwhelming numbers, but that in the domain\\nof mind they were the arbiters of their own destinies, and in-\\nvincible.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0648.jp2"}, "647": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 595\\nCHAPTER THIETY-THREE.\\nBeginning Life Anew Settlement of Debts Removal to Galveston\\nBeef Packery Heavy Losses Business Tour to Europe With Ex-\\nPresident Davis in Britain and France Return Home.\\nMrs. Lubbock and I, as well as others, had to begin anew. We\\nhad no home, as our dwelling had been burned our negroes were\\nall gone; but our land remained, and several thousand head of\\ncattle. Surely many others, thought I, are in a worse condition.\\nBesides, I am healthy and strong and only 50 years of age, and\\nhave time enough left me, perhaps, to attain our former station.\\nA canvass was going on for the convention called by Governor\\nHamilton, but I took no part in that, for I was disfranchised,\\nand was busy day and night with my private affairs.\\nHaving determined to first look after my cattle interests, I\\nsecured board at Mrs. Harris in Harrisburg, whither we re-\\nmoved in a few weeks. This was convenient enough, my ranch\\nbeing only three miles distant.\\nI soon tired of ranch life, and, having a competent stock-\\nkeeper, I determined to return to Houston and start an auction\\nand commission business.\\nMy adopted son, T. IT. Lubbock, was doing nothing, and to\\ngive him an opportunity, I associated him with me and estab-\\nlished the house of F. R. Lubbock Son. I rented a small house\\nfor us to live in, he having married during the latter part of the\\nwar.\\nAfterwards I procured sufficient lumber from brother Henry,\\non a debt, to build a residence, and paid for its erection $150,\\nand we all occupied it. This was a considerable let down from\\nthe executive mansion, but it was a satisfaction to me to know\\nthat I owed no man for a fine house, like many others, and that\\nI lived entirely within my income. The greatest expense I had\\nto meet was the storehouse rent. That was $200 per month for\\na one-story brick, twenty-five by eighty feet.\\nI struggled along, however, doing a small business and living\\neconomically. I had no help but the occasional service of a negro\\nboy. During the first year I had no fire in the store and I did\\nnot keep a chair for fear of loafers. An auction and commission", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0649.jp2"}, "648": {"fulltext": "596 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nbusiness has a great attraction for idlers. I was determined not\\nto furnish them any special inducements, and in carrying out\\nthat determination had to deny myself some comforts.\\nI was heavily in debt and my creditors began to press me for\\npayment. The chief creditor was my brother, Capt. Wm. M.\\nLubbock, from whom I had borrowed $15,000 in gold before the\\nwar and invested it in cattle. I offered at $13,000, in part pay-\\nment, my property in the city of Houston, still known as Lub-\\nbock s Grove. I refused $10,000 for it, and delivered to him 3000\\nhead of cattle in full liquidation of the debt. This payment and\\nothers seriously affected my stock interests but it was very grati-\\nfying to know that I owed no man anything.\\nThe auction business at Houston not proving profitable, I\\nwent to Galveston, opened a house there under the same firm\\nname, in connection with the Houston house, and was shortly\\nthereafter honored by election to the presidency of the Galveston\\nChamber of Commerce.\\nSome years later I had a lot of cattle rendered at the Dickin-\\nson Bayou Packery, run by P. A. Huffman. The tallow, hides,\\nand beef hams found a ready market, and, the enterprise proving\\nvery successful, I determined to extend operations with Huff-\\nman as manager, and, carrying out that purpose, established a\\nbeef packery at old Anahuac, at the mouth of the Trinity. I\\nsold my cattle ranch and horses to procure the necessary capital\\nto embark in these ventures. I had to entrust the management\\nof the packery entirely to others, and in two years time lost more\\nthan $40,000. The accumulations of years swept away, I had\\nto begin anew the struggle for financial independence. Fortu-\\nnately, at this unpropitious juncture in my affairs, I obtained\\nremunerative employment with my friends Allen, Poole Co.,\\nlarge stockholders in the New York and Texas Beef Preserving\\nCompany. I secured several valuable contracts for them from\\nthe United States naval authorities, and, in pursuance of a mis-\\nsion entrusted to me by them, set sail for Europe on the Cunard\\nsteamer Scotia, in Jnly, 1872, accompanied by my wife.^\\n^11 Mr. Clemens (Mark Twain) was a passenger aboard the vessel.\\nThe impression made upon me by his person and manner was not flat-\\ntering-. He was, however, represented as an invalid, and I could readily\\nbelieve that he was. I think his liver must have hurt him all the way\\nover, for he was very cross about everything. I most certainly would", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0650.jp2"}, "649": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 597\\nArriving in Liverpool and securing quarters at an excellent\\nhotel, I called at once on Messrs. C. Grimshaw Co., a large and\\nrespectable commission house that had existed for over fifty\\nyears, and to whom I had letters. Mr. Thompson and Mr. Lang-\\nham, who then constituted the firm, showed me many appreciated\\nattentions, readily entered into a contract to handle our goods,\\nand made me a liberal advance. We made several pleasant ac-\\nquaintances in Liverpool, among others that of the German con-\\nsul, Mr. Stoess (from Alsace and Lorraine), who married Mrs.\\nJefferson Davis youngest sister, Miss Maggie Howell, whom I was\\nindeed glad to meet again. They had a beautiful residence ad-\\njoining an extensive and well kept park, and seemed never to tire\\nin their efforts to contribute to our pleasure. Mrs. Mcllhenny,\\nthe widowed sister of my friend Judge George Goldthwaite, of\\nHouston, was keeping house in Liverpool, and made things cheer-\\nful for us. Mrs. Thompson lived at a lovely little town near Liv-\\nerpool, where many of the merchants families resided. I became\\nquite enamored with Liverpool such a busy place, with its ship-\\nping and traffic and extensive public docks there was a business\\nair, a rush and bustle about the city that captivated me. I found\\nmany Americans there engaged in trade a number of them ex-\\nConfederates, and doing well.\\nAfter a trip into Wales I proceeded to London over a line of\\nsplendidly constructed railway, the tracks thoroughly ballasted\\nand resting upon a roadbed of almost solid rock.\\nI was favorably impressed with the evident precautions taken\\nby the railway company (a type of the others, I suppose) to pre-\\nvent loss of life and accidents and to promote the comfort of\\ntravelers. I was informed that every passenger aboard was guar-\\nanteed a seat a comfortable arm chair. Another agreeable fea-\\nture was the uniform courtesy of the railway employes (which\\nmight well be enjoined and sedulously patterned after in other\\nlands).\\nThe immensity of London has been often described, but can\\nonly be appreciated by those who for the first time visit the\\nnever have taken him for the great humorist he is and the entertaining\\nwriter we know him to be. He was a great disputant on the ship, he\\nand the captain often having serious discussions at the table; and when-\\never he was beaten at cards, quoits, or any other of the many games\\nplayed at sea, he became impatient and morose.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0651.jp2"}, "650": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nworld s great metropolis. Greater than Babylon or Nineveh of\\nold, there goes up from it during the busy hours of labor the\\nmingled roar of countless industries.\\nA great traveler has said that he felt more lonely in the streets\\nof London than in the solitudes that surround Lake Albert Ny-\\nanza. This, however, was not my experience. Business affairs\\nrequired much of my attention. These disposed of, Mrs. Lub-\\nbock and I devoted a portion of our time to paying and receiving\\ncalls, and what was left, outside of the hours of rest, we employed\\nin sight-seeing, making numerous excursions on the underground\\nrailway and visiting the Tower, St. Paul s, Westminister Abbey,\\nParliament House, the Crystal Palace, Zoological Gardens, and\\na thousand and one objects and places of interest that, to those\\nwho see them for the first time, lead the tourist on with an un-\\nsatiated and growing curiosity.\\nMy favorable opinion of England and the English people was\\ngreatly strengthened. It is certainly a well governed land, a land\\nof law as well as liberty, abreast in social institutions and com-\\nmercial methods with the spirit of the age.\\nWe went from London to Calais, and thence to Paris. We\\narrived in the city at night. The streets were brilliantly lighted.\\nEverywhere were to be seen vestiges of the late war with Prussia\\nin the mutilation or destruction of public buildings and works\\nof art. Each day of our stay, after business matters were at-\\ntended to, Mrs. Lubbock and I hired a cab and drove about visit-\\ning places of interest, and in that way acquired in a short time\\nan excellent knowledge of the city. Mrs. Lubbock greatly en-\\njoyed these excursions, the more so as her father was a Parisian\\nand she spoke French fluently.\\nI was pleased to meet in Paris Col. A. Dudley Mann, formerly\\nAssistant Secretary of State under President Buchanan, and later\\none of our Confederate agents abroad. Expatriating himself\\nafter the war, he had become a permanent resident of the French\\nI have crossed and recrossed the Atlantic Ocean several times; I\\nhave made many voyag-es m the Gulf of Mexico, and in all my life I\\nhave never seen such sea sickness as I witnessed in crossing the English\\nChannel on this occasion. Mrs. Lubbock and I, clothed in sou westers,\\noccupied seats on the deck of the vessel, although it was repeatedly\\nswept by heavy seas, preferring such discomfort to being cooped up in\\nthe stifling and ill-smelling cabin.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0652.jp2"}, "651": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 599\\ncapital. He called upon us often and showed us many kind at-\\ntentions.\\nFrom France, extending our tour through Brussels, a minia-\\nture Paris, we passed over Belgium (the old battlefield of Eu-\\nrope) to the new German empire. Cologne and Strasburg were\\nfound to be very interesting cities, the latter specially noted for\\nits great cathedral and clock. Hurriedly visiting Bremen and\\nHamburg, cities of historic renown, we then domiciled for a while\\nat Berlin, the great German capital.\\nGermany is one of the most wonderful of modern nations.\\nPrussia, the controlling power in the empire, sprung into prom-\\ninence in the eighteenth century under the wise administration\\nof Frederick the Great. With checkered fortunes, she has been\\never since forging to the front. By her victories over Austria in\\n1866, she seized the first place in the Germanic confederacy, ex-\\ncluding her beaten rival. Her magnificent triumph over France\\nin 1870 cemented her power in the unification of Germany, with\\nPrussia at the head a consummation due to Bismarck s states-\\nmanship. Von Moltke s generalship, the unconquerable valor of\\nthe German armies, and the wisdom of King Wilhelm. At this\\ntime (1900) Germany has extensive colonies in Africa and else-\\nwhere, a great navy to guard her world-wide interests, and is\\nacknowledged to be the first power in continental Europe.\\nThe German army numbers about 800,000 men, but the mili-\\ntary budget costs the Germans less than what we pay for pen-\\nsions.\\nWe returned from Germany to Paris, and thence to Liverpool\\nset sail for the United States in December, 1872 reached New\\nYork without special incident, and in due time were once more\\nensconced in our pleasant Texas home.\\nI had the pleasure of meeting Mr. Davis in New York City\\nin July, 1873, and it transpired that it was his intention, as well\\nas mine, to make a trip to Europe but, that while I was to sail\\nfrom New York at a time uncertain, he would return home and\\nshortly thereafter take a French or German steamer at New\\nOrleans. So we agreed that we would meet in England.\\nI called at his rooms July 12th, and before I left he handed me\\na photograph of himself and the following note to Mrs. Lubbock:\\nDear Mrs. Lubbock Allow me to offer to your acceptance,\\nas a friend who may be willing to preserve it, a picture of myself,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0653.jp2"}, "652": {"fulltext": "600\\nLUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nand if it ever looks at you with less than the most affectionate\\nregard, be sure it is not true to the original. My true and gallant\\nfriend, your husband, who will hand it to you, can give you its\\nhistory. Ever sincerely and most respectfully, Jefferson Davis.\\nThe accompanying engraving is a reproduction of this picture\\nof Mr. Davis and of a photograph of Winnie Davis taken about\\nthe same time.\\nWINNIE.\\n^^I^j\\n^^^^^I^^^^H\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0m ^^^^^H\\np\\nJ ^s^ia8^-^\u00c2\u00ab.;;^^^B^H\\nJEFFERSON DAVIS.\\nThe history of the photograph of ]\\\\Ir. Davis is as follows The\\ncard of a lady was sent up to him, and on being invited in she\\nhanded him the picture, saying that she had colored it and con-\\nsidered it a fine piece of work; that she had prepared it ex-\\npressly for him, and thought it was worth five dollars. He with-\\nout hesitation ffave her the money. She thanked him and im-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0654.jp2"}, "653": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 601\\nmediately left. He then turned to me, said that she was prob-\\nably in distress, and, if his surmise was correct, he was very glad\\nthat he had been able to help her, wrote the note to ]klrs. Lub-\\nbock and handed it to me, together with the photo. Mrs. Lub-\\nbock greatly prized the picture and always gave it the place of\\nhonor in our home, a place that it has ever since retained.\\nI left iSTew York in December, and in due time reached Liver-\\npool, where I found Mr. Davis with Mrs. Stoess and family. We\\nlater went to London and thence to Paris. In the former city\\nwe had the pleasure of dining with Judah P. Benjamin and of\\nhearing him spoken of everywhere as one of the ablest lawyers in\\nEngland. In Paris Mr. Davis was the guest of Col. A. Dudley\\nMann, and I secured apartments near by. The first Sunday we\\nwere there I called after my early meal, supposing Mr. Davis\\nwould wish to attend church, knowing it to be his constant habit.\\nUpon inquiry I found they were not going out, and they invited\\nme to remain, as the service would be held in the house. The\\nEpiscopal service was read and religious conversation indulged\\nin. The explanation given me for not attending church was that\\nduring the war the Episcopal clergyman, through the influence\\nof the United States minister (Mr. Dayton), refused to recog-\\nnize the Confederacy in his prayers, thereby offending Confed-\\nerate sympathizers. Colonel Mann determined never to put his\\nfoot in the Episcopal church at Paris again, and I presume he\\nnever did. Mr. Davis and I attended services at the Madeline\\nthe following Sunday, one of the most elegant of the many fine\\nchurch edifices in the city. It is said to be able to accommodate\\n10,000 people. A few seats appeared to be reserved for mem-\\nbers, and for others chairs were furnished, for which the charge\\nwas one and two sous, according to locality. The music was\\ngrand. On the occasion of our attendance, in addition to the\\nimmense organ, they had a fine string band.\\nMarshal MacMahon was President of France Louis Joseph\\nBuffet, president of the Assembly (consisting of 738 members),\\nthen in session. We were present at a meeting of the Assembly\\nwhen some important question was under discussion. We had\\ncards that procured us good seats. The hall was crowded with\\nladies. I have witnessed proceedings in the gold room of the\\nstock exchange in Xew York, the Congress of the United States.\\nState Legislatures, and many Democratic conventions; but I wit-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0655.jp2"}, "654": {"fulltext": "602 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nnessed more excitement, heard more noise, and saw more tierce\\ndemonstrations of apparent anger in the French Assembly that\\nday than I had ever seen before at any public gathering. There\\nwere no blows exchanged, however, and, while it seemed to me\\nthat some of the members must inevitably come together, noth-\\ning of a tragic nature occurred, much to my relief, and the ses-\\nsion came to a close in a whirlwind of gesticulations and deafen-\\ning vociferations. A deep calm succeeded, frowns disappeared\\nfrom the faces of the members, and all gaily repaired to the near-\\nest cafes for refection.\\nMr. Davis had several pleasant friends in Paris with whom\\nhe passed the time among them Major Weston, a Baltimorean,\\nwho had been one of our agents abroad during the war, and Mr.\\nErlanger, a banker, who married a daughter of Mr. Davis\\nfriend, John Slidell, of Louisiana.\\nI met here, also, Prince Polignac, one of our Confederate\\ngenerals, distinguished in the Eed Eiver campaign. After the\\nwar between the States he returned to France and lent his sword\\nto his country in the Franco-Prussian war. He seemed glad to\\nsee me and referred pleasantly to some incidents connected with\\nour campaigning together in Louisiana.\\nMr. Davis and I returned to London, where left him and\\nwent on to Liverpool, it being understood that he would join me\\nthere, and we would then go by sea to Glasgow, Scotland.\\nIn pursuance of this agreement we in due time found our-\\nselves in Glasgow, guests of Mr. James Smith, who many years\\nbefore had been a near neighbor of Mr. Davis in Mississippi, had\\nreturned to Scotland prior to 1861, and grown wealthy there, and\\nduring the war sent Mr. Davis several tine cannon and equip-\\nments as a present to the Confederate States. Mr. Smith and\\nhis family of grown sons and daughters were charming people,\\nand our visit to them was one continued round of pleasure.\\nWe visited many noted spots in Scotland, called on the Misses\\nBegg, nieces of the poet Burns, at their pretty cottage near Kirk\\nAlloway, viewed the ship yards on the Clyde, and, as we jour-\\nneyed from place to place, Mr. Davis greatly added to the pleas-\\nure I experienced by his familiarity with Scottish history, poetry,\\nand fiction especially his many and apt quotations from the\\nwritings of Sir Walter Scott, who, more than any other, has", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0656.jp2"}, "655": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 603\\nwoven a halo of romantic interest aronnd everything pertaining\\nto Scotland.\\nWe returned safely to Liverpool. After remaining there some\\ntime I bade Mr. Davis good-bye, as he preferred going direct to\\nNew Orleans, and I was compelled to return to New York.\\nI arrived safely in New York after a stormy voyage, and\\nreached Galveston much improved in health by my seven months\\ntrip abroad.\\nWhile I had made large sales in England and Germany, where\\nI spent pleasant weeks, and had put in very good shape the\\nproject of getting up the limited company that my employers\\ndesired to organize, the latter undertaking was not completed be-\\nfore the firm of Allen, Poole Co. failed, and that brought the\\nentire business to an end.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0657.jp2"}, "656": {"fulltext": "604 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-FOUR.\\nReconstruction Restoration of White Supremacy Tax Collector\\nEx-President Davis in Texas His Welcome at Dallas A Candidate\\nAgain\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Troubles in Van Zandt County Democratic Ticket in 1878\\nElected State Treasurer.\\nI am not disposed to write of the times when Texas was writh-\\ning tinder the heel of military despotism and vultures were prey-\\ning upon her vitals. Let it suffice to say for this gloomy\\nperiod, that the people of Texas in convention assembled at Aus-\\ntin, in 1865, accepted President Johnson s policy; acknowledged\\nthe supremacy of the Constitution of the United States repealed\\nthe ordinance of secession; repudiated the Texas war debt, and\\nmodified the Constitution to suit the changed condition of the\\nnegroes; that a State government was organized, with the con-\\nservative J. W. Throckmorton as Governor, and United States\\nsenators and congressmen elected; that the Republican majority\\nin both houses of Congress refused to admit our delegates to\\ntheir seats on account of their being Democrats that the domi-\\nnant party overthrew all the State governments, including ours,\\nerected under the authority of President Johnson, and remanded\\nthem to military rule, our State officials being supplanted by\\nmilitary appointees; and that the congressional plan of recon-\\nstructing the Union contemplated Republican ascendancy at\\n118 One of her wisest and most skillful defenders then was Col. R. W.\\nLoughery, owner and editor of the Daily Times at Jetferson, and the\\nTexas Bepublican at Marshall, an able and daring writer, whose papers\\nexposed and denounced every iniquity that was practiced or attempted,\\nbrought about the downfall of the military commission established at\\nJefferson to try citizens by drum-head courtmartial, and aided greatly\\nin the overthrow of the Davis regime and in hastening the restoration\\nof control of the State government to the people. He had been editor\\nof the Texas Republican from 1849, was one of those who organized the\\nDemocratic party in Texas in 1856, had attained wide influence and\\nreputation before the war, and did some good newspaper work in the\\nlater years of his life, but his most brilliant labors and services were\\nperformed during .the reconstruction era. These should never be for-\\ngotten. He was born in Nashville, Tenn., February 2, 1820; came to\\nTexas in 1848 was consul at Acapulco, Mexico, during Cleveland s first\\nadministration, and died April 26, 1894, at Marshall, Texas.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0658.jp2"}, "657": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 605\\nevery cost in all the States under military rule. In the prelimin-\\nary steps of congressional reconstruction, intelligence and worth\\nwere proscribed and a premium put on ignorance and barbarism.\\nAll discriminations were against the white race. The negroes voted\\nen masse, and enough whites were disfranchised to ensure a Re-\\npublican majority in the convention. At the election for State\\nofficers under the new Constitution E. J. Davis was counted in\\nfor Governor b}^ the exclusion of several Democratic counties that\\ngave majorities for A. J. Hamilton. The Republican State gov-\\nernment under Davis and the Twelfth Legislature^^^^ were the\\nmost intolerable ever known in Texas. Venality and tyranny were\\nrampant, all the safeguards of liberty were overthrown, the peo-\\nple harassed by a negro police, and property threatened finally\\nwith confiscation. The taxpayers convention at Austin in Sep-\\ntember, 1871, composed of representative men without distinc-\\ntion of party, exposed the maladministration of the Republican\\nparty, and published their report to the world. In consequence\\nof this, relief began in the Thirteenth Legislature in the repeal\\nor modification of the more odious laws. In the election of 1873\\nRichard Coke and R. B. Hubbard, the Democratic standard bear-\\ners, were, respectively, chosen Governor and Lieutenant-Gover-\\nnor by about 50,000 majority. The Republicans, to retain power,\\ntrumped up a case of illegal voting and brought it before the\\nSupreme Court on a writ of habeas corpus. The pliant court,\\nassuming jurisdiction, rendered the opinion desired, viz. that\\nthe election was illegal and that no offense had been committed.\\nThe Fourteenth Legislature, despite a prohibitory order of Gov-\\nernor Davis, met at the capitol and proceeded to organize. Davis\\nappealed to President Grant for military aid, and, when his call\\nfor LTnited States troops was refused, delivered the election re-\\nturns to a committee of the Legislature and retired from the con-\\ntest. Richard Coke was declared the Governor-elect on the count\\nof the votes and at once inaugurated, night though it was.\\nThe morning of January 14, 1874, dawned upon Texas re-\\ndeemed from radical rule, upon Texas free and at peace for the\\nfirst time since 1861. With the restoration of white supremacy\\n113a Yet there were some good men in this Legislature; among these,\\nIra Evans, the Speaker of the House, who was deposed from his office\\nfor refusing to countenance the revolutionary schemes of his party.\\nMr. Evans is at this time a prominent and honored citizen of Austin.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0659.jp2"}, "658": {"fulltext": "606\\nLUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nand Democratic rule, Texas started anew on a prosperous career.\\nFor this deliverance we are under perpetual obligations to the\\nNorthern Democracy, who sympathized with us in our oppres-\\nsion and helped us in our struggle every way they could. All\\nhonor to the liberty-loving Democracy of the North\\nIn 1875 an election came on for the selection of a mayor for\\nthe city of Galveston. Colonel Cannon, Colonel Stone, Captain\\nr. B. LUBBOCK, GALVESTON.\\nFulton, and Mr. Leonard were spoken of in that connection.\\nSeveral of my friends desired me to run for the Democratic\\nnomination, and I consented. A question arose as to what\\nmethod should be adopted in making the nomination. My\\nfriends generally favored the old-time convention, while Fulton s\\nfriends wanted a primary election. When the latter method was\\nadopted, Cannon and Stone withdrew from the race, and Leon-\\nard would not submit his name to be voted on in the primary. So", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0660.jp2"}, "659": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 607\\nthat left the race between Fulton and myself, Leonard reserving\\nhimself as an independent candidate.\\nI went into the contest with the hearty sni3port of many strong\\nfriends and with good prospects of success but the old story of\\nmy having once advised the burning of Galveston, and that my\\nheart was really in Houston, being revived, I was beaten and\\nCaptain Fulton was declared the choice of the Democratic party\\nas a candidate for mayor of the city.\\nLeonard had been mayor several times, was very popular, and\\nit required prompt and united action to defeat him. Many of\\nmy supporters, charging fraud in the election, urged me to run\\nas an independent candidate. Of course I refused. Having\\ntaken my chances at the primary election, I told them there was\\nbut one course for me to pursue, and that was to declare myself\\npositively for the Democratic nominee and support him heartily.\\nAccordingly, that very night we had a grand turnout at a meet-\\ning at which George Mason, Colonel Cannon, Seth Shepard,\\nColonel Stone, and myself delivered speeches urging the people\\nto elect Fulton. Some of my friends were a little vexed then,\\nbut they soon saw that my policy was the better one. Fulton was\\nelected March, 1875, and in a few days afterwards sent a mes-\\nsage, by a friend, tendering me the tax-collectorship of the city,\\nand stating that he hoped I would accept. I accepted, and filled\\nthe place under Fulton and his successor. Stone, for three years.\\nOn the occasion of Mr. Davis visit to Texas in May, 1875, I\\nbade him welcome at Galveston and attended him to Houston,\\nwhere he was the guest of Major Franklin for several days. At\\nAustin the ex-President was received with every demonstration\\nof respect by all classes of people.\\nWhile in the city Mr. Davis, attended by Judge Terrell and\\nmyself, visited the State cemetery. The ex-President stood alone\\nfor some moments by the grave of Gen. A. S. Johnston, con-\\ntemplating it in silence. The general and ex-President were very\\nclose friends in life, and Mr. Davis may have been thinking of\\nthe virtues of the dead hero and of the loss to the Confederacy\\nby his martyrdom to the cause. Judge Terrell and myself re-\\nmained at a respectful distance, and when Mr. Davis rejoined\\nus his eyes were moist with tears, occasioned perhaps by sad\\nmemories of the past.\\nAt Dallas he was given a royal reception. The people made", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0661.jp2"}, "660": {"fulltext": "608 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nthe day of his arrival a gala day. The public buildings were\\nhandsomely decorated, and numerous floral arches adorned the\\nstreets. One of the arches, I remember, contained the inscrip-\\ntion God Bless Jeff Davis, and others displayed similarly ap-\\npropriate mottoes. He was received at the depot by a reception\\ncommittee consisting of the mayor, other city officials, and\\nprominent citizens, and escorted to an elegant barouche, which\\nmoved to the head of the long civic and military procession that\\nhad been formed, and the line of march was taken up for Mc-\\nCoy s Grove, the bands playing the enlivening patriotic and mar-\\ntial airs of the Southland and the people cheering at every step\\nas the brilliant column advanced with waving banners, and be-\\nneath falling flowers thrown from balconies.\\nGen. John J. Good, mayor of Dallas, delivered an eloquent\\naddress of welcome, to which Mr. Davis responded in his easy\\nand stately style his utterances going home to the hearts of his\\nauditors, and as each flowing period was rounded, calling forth\\nsalvos of applause. With the skill of a great orator, and in-\\nspired by genuine love for the State and its people, he reviewed\\nthe history of Texas, and paid a tribute to her flag, saying A\\nman breathes freer and deeper under the Lone Star flag.\\nEeferring to the fact that Texas had emerged from the dark-\\nness of the reconstruction era and was once more a member of\\nthe Union and was controlled by her own people, he said that he\\nhoped the Lone Star would continue forever thereafter to glitter\\nin the Federal galaxy. He said that Texas would in time become\\na great exporting country, and that her people should contend\\nfor free trade and farmers rights; that when that time arrived\\nBuffalo Bayou would probably be deepened, as the Eiver Clyde\\nhad been, so as to admit the largest ships. He saw bright pros-\\npects for the people and country, and hoped that all would turn\\ntheir faces toward the future and its possibilities, and labor to-\\ngether to a common end, material prosperity and the mainten-\\nance of a government of liberty and law.\\nI followed Mr. Davis in a brief speech, in which I said the\\npeople of the South revered him as one of the purest and noblest\\nof mankind and much else that seemed to me suitable to the\\noccasion.\\nThen, while the band was playing a stirring air, H. Goslin,\\ncolor-sergeant of the Lamar Rifles, bearing the United States", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0662.jp2"}, "661": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 609\\nflag, and Sergeant Cox, of the Stonewall Grays, bearing the\\nTexas flag, advanced to the stand, whereupon the mayor said\\nthat they represented sides that were opposed in the late war, but\\nthat the flag of the United States is now the flag of both the\\nblue and the gray.\\nMr. Davis, being called for, delivered a short speech, in which\\nhe said that the brave could always find common ground to\\nmeet upon; that it was only the camp follower, the thief, and\\nthe murderer that rob the dead and pursue the living; that if\\nanimosities still remained, they had been engendered not by what\\nhad been done in the conduct of honorable warfare, but by the\\nperpetration of outrages that shocked humanity; that chivalry\\nshould be the star to light the pathway of war that the United\\nStates flag was the creation of Southern men our Moultrie and\\nWashington and was not, as some had said in a former time,\\nwhen maligning the Southern people, an emblem of bleeding\\nstripes, bruised flesh, and scalding tears, an ensign of oppression,\\nand a cloak for crimes, and never had been till diverted from\\nits purpose. T marched many years under its folds, said he,\\nas my father before me had done in the revolutionary war. I\\ncould not go against it. It was borne against us in violation of\\nthe Constitution. It should have been laid away during the war\\nand used by neither side. God grant that it may never again\\nwave over a battlefield of divided Americans\\nThe name of Lamar^^* is familiar to me. I suppose your\\ncompany is named in honor of Mirabeau B. Lamar. At Monte-\\nrey, with a bright red vest, heedless of danger, he rushed into\\nthe thickest of the fray, and, with the cry of Brave boys, Ameri-\\ncans are never afraid at the head of the gallant Second regi-\\nment, charged home to victory. He was an ideal Texan a man\\nof rare genius and tender affection. You, gentlemen, wear the\\nblue; the Stonewalls the gray. I grew up in the blue; but I love\\nthe gray. I love every other color, but I love the gray the best.\\nYour positions invoke no hostility, but a generous rivalry, an\\nemulation which can best perform their duty. I trust we shall\\nalwa3^s have peace; but, if we must have war, let both go to-\\ngether and stand side by side. I am pleased and grati-\\n11* This encomium, from an accomplished soldier like Jefferson\\nDavis, should be considered in forming an estim.ate of Lamar.\\n39", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0663.jp2"}, "662": {"fulltext": "610 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nfied to see the spirit of harmony and good will that prevails, and\\ntrust that it may never be broken. May you and all prove your-\\nselves worthy sons of this bright and glorious commonwealth.\\nThe Bonnie Blue Flag was then played by the band. Crowds\\nof children gathered around Mr. Davis, who shook their hands\\nand spoke kindly words of greeting.\\nEx-Governor Throckmorton was the next speaker. He said\\nthat we claimed the government as much as those who wore the\\nblue, that the story of the heroism displayed by both sides in the\\ngreat struggle was the heritage and common property of the\\nAmericans of that and all succeeding generations, and that it\\nwas a notable event and augured well for the future that men of\\nthe North and the South had met together, in a spirit of fra-\\nternity, to welcome a great and noble man, who had been the\\nleader in a cause that the people south of Mason and Dixon s line\\nbelieved to be right, that those dwelling beyond that boundary\\nhad opposed, and that had been lost by the fortunes of war.\\nCol. F. B. Sexton followed ex-Governor Throckmorton in a\\nchaste and elegant address, which was liberally punctuated with\\napplause by his auditors, and adjournment was then had for\\ndinner a sumptuous meal dispensed by Mrs. J. Peak, Miss Har-\\nwood, Mrs. J. M. Stemmons, Mrs. Juliet Fowler, Mrs. Tom\\nField, Mrs. Barthalow, and other ladies.\\nAmong the noted visitors present were Gen. Walter P. Lane,\\nCol. George W. Chilton, Col. Ed Burleson, Maj. Thomas Dugan,\\nCapt. W. W. Lang, Mrs. J. M. Hurt, of Sherman, and Mrs.\\nTabitha Rhine, of McKinney.\\nAfter dinner speeches were delivered by Capt. Ed. G. Bower,\\nof the Stonewall Grays, Gen. R. M. Gano, John Henry Brown.\\nW. L. Cabell, and others.\\nGeneral Gano said that the occasion was to him one of mingled\\npleasure and sorrow that it recalled old times and old faces and\\ncontrasted them with new; that he had the day before received\\nintelligence of the death of Gen. John C. Breckenridge that he\\nhad long known and honored him, and loved him for his noble\\ntraits of character. He said that those present had assembled\\nto honor the representative of the great Confederacy with which\\nnearly all were, at one time, identified that they had not met to\\nhonor him for his devotion to a lost cause, but to honor moral\\nworth and purity, worthy of emulation. He stated that he (Gen-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0664.jp2"}, "663": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 611\\neral Gano) had resigned a seat in the Legislature, under a call\\nfrom Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston, and served under him on\\nthe tented field, in a cause the justice of which, with him, still\\nremained undoubted; that he loved Texas, because deeds of\\nworth, of gallantry, and of duty had characterized her people in\\nan epoch that tried the souls of men and that he believed that a\\nfuture lay before the country rich with promise. He adjured all\\nwho heard him to hold fast to the sheet-anchor of correct prin-\\nciples, and the young men, who must carry forward the work left\\nuncompleted by hands then folded across quiet breasts, no longer\\nwarmed by the fires of life, to do their duty in the coming years\\nas conscientiously and bravely as their fathers had in the past.\\nGeneral Gano was loudly cheered. ISFot an incident occurred\\nto mar the occasion. It was one of the most delightful of a pub-\\nlic nature in which I ever participated, and must have been\\ndeeply gratifying to Mr. Davis.\\nMr. Davis stopped over at Marshall on his way to his home at\\nMemphis.\\nThe honors paid him during his stay in Texas bore witness to\\nthe fact that the human mind can not be fettered by might, and\\nthat the frowns of those in power can not prevent a free people\\nfrom doing honor to their heroes, uncrowned though they be.\\nAs Texas was now free, I had begun to take interest in politics\\nagain. The Democratic State convention was held at Galveston\\nin January, 1876. I attended it as a delegate, and it was the first\\ntime I had participated in a State convention since the one held\\nin Galveston in LSGO, just prior to the National convention at\\nCharleston. Joseph D. Savers, chairman of the State executive\\ncommittee, called the convention to order. I well remember that\\nM. D. K. Taylor (incomparable as a parliamentarian) acted as\\nchairman of the convention with his usual ability.\\nOn the rostrum were some of the ancient worthies of Texas\\nJoel Robinson, one of the captors of Santa Anna a hero of the\\nVelasco figlit, whose name I can not now recall S. W. Blount,\\none of the signers of the Texas declaration of independence the\\nold veteran. Bennet Blake; ex-Gov. J. W. Smoky Hender-\\nson, and Dr. Ashbel Smith; and, representing the Texas of later\\ntimes (as a State), were Gen. M. D. Ector, Maj. Joseph D.\\nSayers, now (1900) Governor of Texas, and Gen. Braxton", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0665.jp2"}, "664": {"fulltext": "612 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nBragg/^^ the stately ex-commander of the Army of Tennessee,\\nthen a citizen of Texas.\\nCoke and Hubbard were without opposition renominated for\\nGovernor and Lieutenant-Governor H. H. Boone, for Attorney-\\nGeneral Stephen, H. Darden, for Comptroller A. J. Dorn, for\\nTreasurer; J. J. Groos, for Land Commissioner; 0. M. Eoberts,\\nfor Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and Geo. F. Moore and\\nEobert S. Gould, for associate justices; M. D. Ector, C. M. Wink-\\nler, and Jno. P. White, for judges of the Court of Appeals pro-\\nvided for in the proposed new Constitution. The new Constitu-\\ntion to be voted on the next month was heartily endorsed, though\\nthat was not made a party test.\\nOf those in that gathering of notable men I recall to mind\\nGeo. W. Chilton, J. M. Hurt, W. H. Howdy Martin, J. B.\\nChenoweth, Geo. N Aldredge, Fred Carlton, and Jno. W. Stay-\\nton, among the presidential electors or alternates; and W. A.\\nWortham, J. J. Hill, William Hudson, T. J. Goree, Charles\\nStewart, Chas. L. Cleveland, C. B. Pearre, N. G. Shelley, Geo.\\nMcCormick, C. B. Kilgore, R. M. Wynne, F. B. Sexton, M. H.\\nLooney, Adam R. Johnson, and Joseph Dwyer on the executive\\ncommittee, or otherwise prominent.\\nThe Democratic ticket won at the polls by an overwhelming\\nmajority. Coke was elected to the Senate shortly after his in-\\nauguration and, on taking his seat in that body, was succeeded\\n115 A few months later General Bragg died from a stroke of apoplexy\\nin the city of Galveston.\\n11 In 1877 the peace of the State was seriously threatened by a\\ncounty seat dispute in Van Zandt County; but happily the conservative\\ngood sense of the people there prevented any bloodshed.\\nIn counting the returns of the election held for determining the\\ncounty seat, several boxes were thrown out on account of irregularities,\\nand Wills Point was declared to be the legal county seat. The records\\nwere accordingly removed from Canton to Wills Point by order of the\\ncounty commissioners court. A few months later an armed force of\\nabout 500 men was organized at Canton and, led by Hon. T. J. Towles,\\na member of the Legislature, moved on Wills Point with a view of\\ntaking possession of the records and returning them to Canton by force,\\nif necessary. Troops sent by Governor Hubbard went to the aid of the\\ncounty authorities, and as a result the Cantonites returned to their\\nhomes and the records remained at Wills Point till they were returned", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0666.jp2"}, "665": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 613\\nby Hon. Kicliard B. Hubbard/^* who served as Governor to the\\nend of the eonstitntional term.\\nAt the suggestion of Judge C. L. Cleveland, and after consul-\\ntation with Col. W. L. Moody/ Colonel Jemison, A. J. Walker,\\nand other friends, T announced myself in the spring of 1878 as a\\nto Canton by order of the commissioners court, after a decision by the\\nSupreme Court that there was no law in force at the time for holding a\\ncounty seat election. The editor was then the county judge of Van\\nZandt county. ^Ed.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^Col. W. L. Moody, of Galveston, a Virginian by birth, and law\\ngraduate of the University of Virginia, came to Texas in 1852, and after\\npracticing his profession for two years at Fairfield, in Freestone County,\\nengaged in merchandising at that place with his brothers, David J. and\\nLeroy F. Moody, under the firm name of W. L. Moody Bros. At the\\nbeginning of the war between the States he raised a company, which\\nwas attached to the Seventh Texas infantry, better known as Gregg s\\nregiment, and after Colonel Gregg s promotion to brigadier-general be-\\ncame its colonel. He was severely wounded at the siege of Jackson,\\nMiss., and returned to Texas, where he was assigned to important mili-\\ntary duty. He moved to Galveston in 1S6G, where for some years he\\nwas at the head of the well known firm of Moody, Bradley Co., which\\ndid an extensive and prosperous commission business. The firm was\\nchanged to Moody Jemison, one of the leading cotton firms of Galves-\\nton, and did a large business in New York. Subsequently this firm\\nwas merged into that of W. L. Moody Co. At a later period he asso-\\nciated his two sons, W. L. and Frank, with him under the same firm\\nname. This firm has since retained a leading position in the commer-\\ncial world, and is now conducting a large cotton and oanking business\\nat Galveston, and owns and operates in that city one of the largest cot-\\nton compresses in the South.\\nOn my becoming a citizen of Galveston in 1867 and engaging in a\\nsmall commission business there, Colonel Moody became my friend, and\\nmuch of my time was spent with him and his family. I soon became\\nmuch attached to him. I considered him a model business man, full of\\nintelligence, high toned, and upright in all of his business relations. As\\na result of his methods of fair dealing, his firm has always enjoyed the\\npatronage and confidence of the planters, and for years has perhaps been\\nthe recipient of more business directly from them than any other in the\\nState. He and I have always been in harmony politically, and stood\\nshoulder to shoulder on leading questions, while many of my other\\nfriends have drifted from their Democratic moorings. Up to this good\\nhour our friendship continues unbroken.\\nMy early formed estimate of his character remains unchanged; I\\nknow of none whom I more sincerely respect. I have been a witness\\nto his many virtues and seen them displayed in nearly every variety of", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0667.jp2"}, "666": {"fulltext": "614 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ncandidate for the Democratic nomination for State Treasurer.\\nThere were five candidates in the field. My opponents were well\\nknown and capable men, all good business men, first-class citi-\\nzens, and all of them had been Confederate soldiers.\\nThe convention met at Austin July 17th, and was one of the\\nmost exciting and memorable we have had in Texas. It was\\ncalled to order by Joseph D. Sayers, chairman of the State Dem-\\nocratic Executive Committee. The temporary officers were:\\nChas. Stewart, chairman; Lee Hall, sergeant-at-arms, and Col.\\nB. B. Paddock, secretary. Permanent organization was per-\\nfected by the election of M. D. K. Taylor as chairman, George\\nB. Zimpelman sergeant-at-arms, and John Bookhout secretar}\\\\\\nThe candidates for the gubernatorial nomination were Hub-\\nbard, Throckmorton, and Lang, the first then occupying the\\nGovernor s chair, the second strong in the affections of the peo-\\nple on account of his reconstruction record, and the last named\\nbacked by a strong element among the farmers of the State.\\nAfter several ballots had been taken Lang s name was withdrawn.\\nAfter the thirteenth ballot, which showed 804 votes for Hub-\\nbard and 694 for Throclonorton, it was proposed to bring Lang\\nagain before the convention. Maj. W. M. Buck Walton, in\\nthe interest of Lang, then withdrew Throckmorton and de-\\nlivered a speech in opposition to Hubbard that was made up of\\nwithering invective. Hubbard s friends, however, still stuck to\\nhim, the fourteenth ballot showing 812 votes for him. 654 for\\nLang, and 46 scattering. Lang was again withdrawn, and Judge\\nT. J. Devine put in nomination. The fifteenth ballot showed\\n807 votes for Hubbard and 637 for Devine. The eighteenth bal-\\nlot (taken on Sunday) stood, Hubbard 907 and Devine 594. The\\ndelegates now becoming restive under the two-thirds rule, a mo-\\ntion was made to substitute for it the majority rule, but was\\nwithdrawn.\\nIt now being apparent that a nomination could not be made\\nunder the two-thirds rule, a conference committee was appointed\\nat caucus meetings held by the siipporters of Hubbard and De-\\nvine and empowered to select some candidate who would be ac-\\nceptable to both factions. Several names were submitted to the\\ncircumstances incident to political, business, and social life, in peace\\nand war, through a period of nearly half a century, and never found\\nhim wanting in anything to be expected of a gentleman and patriot.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0668.jp2"}, "667": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 615\\ncommittee. The first ballot taken resulted in 15 votes for John\\nH. Eeagan, 2 for W. P. Ballinger, 5 for John Ireland, 3 for R. Q.\\nMills, 1 for 0. M. Roberts, and 1 for Charles Stewart. The De-\\nvine men centering on Roberts as against Reagan, the second bal-\\nlot stood: Reagan 9, Ireland 1, Mills 3, Roberts 16, D. B. Cul-\\nberson 1, and Stewart 1. The third ballot gave Roberts 19 and\\nReagan 11; the fourth ballot, Roberts 18, Reagan 13, and Mills\\n1. It was now evident that no man could be brought forward\\nwho could secure the support of two-thirds of the committee,\\nand Roberts having several times received a majority of the\\nvotes, the committee cut the Gordian knot by unanimously vot-\\ning, on motion, for Roberts. On July 23d, W. H. Herndon, act-\\ning for the committee, rose in the convention and offered the fol-\\nlowing resolution: Resolved, that the names of Hon. R. B.\\nHubbard and the Hon. T. J. Devine be withdrawn from the con-\\nvention, and that hereafter during the sessions of this conven-\\ntion no name heretofore placed in nomination for the position\\nof Governor shall be brought again before tliis body.\\nThe resolution having carried and the names of Hubbard and\\nDevine having been withdrawn, Mr. Herndon placed Roberts in\\nnomination, and at the conclusion of several eulogistic speeches\\nmade in his behalf, he was nominated by acclamation. Joseph\\nD. Savers v/as nominated for Lieutenant-Governor without op-\\nposition and by a unanimous vote. George McCormick was\\nnominated for Attorney-General, and W. C. Walsh for Land\\nCommissioner, both by acclamation, rival candidates having\\nbeen withdrawn.\\nNext came nominations for State Treasurer, the following\\nbeing put forward to contest with me for the honor Ruf us Y.\\nKing, A. S. Roberts, Y. Smith, and A. J. Dorn.\\nThe first ballot showed 370 votes for Dorn, 271 for King, 163\\nfor Roberts, 213 for Smith, and 482 for Lubbock. All were\\nwithdrawn after the first ballot except Dorn and Lubbock. On\\nthe second ballot most of the strength of those who had been\\nwithdrawn was transferred to me, and this fact developing as the\\ncall of counties progressed, many of the large counties that had\\ncast their vote for Dorn changed to me, and when the call had\\nbeen completed and before the secretaries could make the count\\nand enable the chairjnan to declare the result, my nomination\\nwas, on motion, made unanimous and by acclamation.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0669.jp2"}, "668": {"fulltext": "616 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nThe Eepublican nominees were A. B. Xorton for Governor and\\nRichard Allen (colored) for Lieutenant-Governor; and those of\\nthe Greenbackers, W. H. Hamman for Governor and J. S. Rains\\nfor Lieutenant-Governor. The main reform that the Green-\\nbackers advocated was the making of the greenback dollar a legal\\ntender in the payment of all debts, public and private, and its\\nissue by the govermnent on a parity with gold and silver.\\nThe Democratic ticket defeated that of the Greenbackers at\\nthe November election by a majority of over 100,000 votes. Nor-\\nton and Allen received only about 20,000 votes.\\nBefore the meeting of the convention I was frequently inter-\\nterrogated as to how I proposed to run the treasury, and whether,\\nif nominated and elected, I would stop speculation in warrants.\\nI replied invariably to such inquiries that I would run it for the\\nbenefit of the State, with justice to the people, fairly and impar-\\ntially, and that there would be no further speculation in State\\npaper if I could prevent it.\\nI made a very general canvass, and was elected along with\\nother members of the ticket.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0670.jp2"}, "669": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0671.jp2"}, "670": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0672.jp2"}, "671": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 61^\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-FIVE.\\nRemoval to Austin The State Treasury Roberts, Bayers, and the\\nPublic Schools Dr. Cooper The University of Texas Agricultu-\\nral and Mechanical College Ireland Fence-Cutting Ross Pro-\\nhibition Parsons Brigade Elkhorn Reunion Railroad Commis-\\nsion Hogg San Antonio Convention Wortham Treasurer My\\nRetirement Ireland and the Granite Capitol Davis Memorial Ser-\\nvices.\\nI broke up housekeeping in Galveston and moved to Austin\\nwith my family in December, 1878, and rented my home in\\nGalveston, stating that I would retain my citizenship there. I\\nafterwards voted, at each recurring biennial election, at Galves-\\nton until 1893, when, under the system of registration then\\nadopted, I was denied that right. Since that time I have voted\\nat Austin, where my home is, with whose people I am identified,\\nand where I will probably spend my remaining years.\\nHaving lived in Texas from the early days of the republic and\\nwatched the State grow, as it were, from infancy, and my every\\nheartstring being interwoven with those of a people to whom I\\nam indebted for so many kindnesses and who have so often testi-\\nfied their faith in me by entrusting to me the discharge of im-\\nportant public duties, my affections take in the whole State and\\npeople, and it matters little where my home is, so it is in the\\nLone Star State. I naturally retain many pleasant recollections\\nof Houston and Galveston and of old friends there, and I feel\\nan equal interest in Austin and her people, where and among\\nwhom I have passed pleasantly many years, first as a public\\nofficial and since as a private citizen, in all relations the recipient\\nof many and highly prized evidences of esteem.\\nThrough the courtesy of Major Dorn I made my headquarters\\nat his office. By January, 1879, when I entered upon the dis-\\ncharge of my duties as State Treasurer, I had become, through\\ninformation vouchsafed by him, quite familiar with the work-\\nings of the department. I ascertained immediately that there\\nwas not a dollar in the treasury to the credit of the general\\nfund, while there was quite a large sum to the credit of special\\nfunds. These, however, could not be used to enable the treasury\\nto meet the demands for other purposes. I at once saw the ab-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0673.jp2"}, "672": {"fulltext": "618 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nsolute necessity of adopting some measure that would relieve this\\nunnatural condition. I did not have to search far for the cause,\\nand did not hesitate to apply the remedy.\\nThe prevailing practice was to allow sheriffs, tax collectors,\\nand others who had to make accountings to the treasury to pay\\n35 per cent of the amount turned in by them in State warrants.\\nAs a result, when the moneys due special funds were set aside,\\nthere was no cash on hand to meet other obligations, and war-\\nrants were haw^ked on the streets and sold at a discount. The pur-\\nchasers, certain persons living at the capital, watched the treas-\\nury, and as soon as money was on hand presented their paper\\nand drew it out.\\nImmediately upon my induction into office I notified the heads\\nof departments and others interested that I intended to abolish\\nthis custom and to establish a system whereby only cash would\\nbe accepted in settlements, and warrants be paid according to\\nregistration. The entire official family, with the exception of the\\nchief executive, disagreed with me, contending that under such a\\nsystem no money would flow into the treasury. On my notifying\\nGovernor Roberts of my intention, he said I like your plan.\\nIt is fair; it is honest. Go ahead, inaugurate it, and I will sus-\\ntain you. I therefore gave notice that after a certain day noth-\\ning but money woiild be received; that the warrants could be\\ndeposited, and would be registered and paid in the order of regis-\\ntration. Up to this time warrants were being shaved at any-\\nwhere from 5 to 15 per cent discount. As soon as registration\\nwas commenced and strictly and impartially enforced, warrants\\nbegan to appreciate, for the obvious reason that the intelligent\\nbusiness public could approximate days of payment, whereas\\nunder the old plan only men who watched daily and made it a\\nspecial business could ascertain when a deposit of money had\\nbeen made and hurry up to the treasury and have warrants\\ncashed. It consequently happened that while this class often re-\\nceived payment before the ink was dry on their warrants, meo\\nwho had waited perhaps for weeks and months were turned away\\nempty-handed.\\nThe change that I inaugurated caused quite a ripple. It of\\ncourse found no favor with those who had been speculating in\\nwarrants and deriving large profits therefrom. They were soon\\ncompelled to admit the justness of its operation and bowed with", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0674.jp2"}, "673": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 619\\nsuch grace as they could to the new order established. The re-\\nform was not accomplished, however, without vigorous opposi-\\ntion from other quarters, in some instances members of the\\nLegislature who desired the rule relaxed in their favor and cash\\npaid immediately on presentation of their warrants for per diem,\\nand in others county officials who desired to make settlements\\nin the manner that had formerly prevailed. In all such case\\nI stated that I could make no concessions; that the rule was\\none that did not admit of exceptions.\\nB}^ a strict enforcement of this rule, cash soon flowed into the\\ncoffers of the State until they were filled, and warrants were be-\\ning paid in full promptly on presentation.\\nI trust I may be pardoned for reproducing the following,\\npenned by S. G. Sneed and printed in the Texas Review of May,\\n1886, published at Austin by C. E. Johns Son:\\nThe rule raised a storm of indignation among speculators\\nand was denounced as ^illegal, unauthorized by law, high-\\nhanded and with other like epithets. ]\\\\Iany of the Treasurer s\\nfriends thought the scheme impracticable. The Legislature was\\nin session, and a few members talked about impeachment.\\nHe stood firmly to his position, and when asked to make ex-\\nceptions in certain cases, replied that, if he consented to do so,\\nhe would in the next moment resign his office.\\nHe was assailed and confronted with the law, and customs,\\nand influences, to no avail. He replied to some parties, who\\nmade elaborate appeals on the law of the case I m not much\\non law; I shall follow equity, and intend to stick to my rule and\\nstrict justice.\\nTreasurer Lubbock, intent on his duties at a time when there\\nwere serious embarrassments, and there were strange practices\\nand policies, originated a new policy, as shown, and it is probable\\nit will never be departed from in any future period of financial\\ndistress.\\nWhen the little embarrassment occurred in January last he\\nknew exactly how to steer and he broke down every effort made\\nto cripple the treasury.\\nUnder the old regime speculators could keep the treasury\\nperpetually drained but they can not under the new rule, which\\nought to pass into history as Lubbock s rule.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0675.jp2"}, "674": {"fulltext": "620 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nAmong the facetiae of the times a poet laureate (who needed\\nthe benefit of the registration rule), not being forced to sell his\\nclaims, made the following endorsement on the back of his war-\\nrant, M^hich contains more truth than poetry\\nFrank Lubbock s head was level, when\\nHe broke the schemes of cunning men;\\nSome howled and shouted out, Perdition!\\nWhat means this scheme of registration?\\nBut twas no use to fight such tricks,\\nThe rule was made, the rule still sticks;\\nIt s just and right, without a flaw.\\nAnd Lubbock s rule is Texas law.\\nWhen I took charge of the Treasurer s office the force was a\\nchief clerk, a bookkeeper, an assistant bookkeeper, a night watch-\\nman, and a porter. I brought with me Nick Weekes, Esq., as\\nchief clerk, retaining the balance of the force. Mr. Weekes, after\\nseveral years of faithful and acceptable service, voluntarily sev-\\nered his connection with the department to embark in other busi-\\nness and was succeeded by W. B. Wortham, who continued my\\nfirst lieutenant (and a very able one it affords me pleasure to\\nsay) until I retired from office.\\nDuring my first two years as State Treasurer I performed the\\nduties of a clerk in addition to my labors as head of the depart-\\nment. At the beginning I established a rule from which I never\\nafterwards departed, viz. That every letter received in the\\noffice must be answered. I opened and carefully and fully re-\\nplied to every letter that was received myself, if I could possibly\\ndo so, and to this fact I attribute much of the success I was en-\\nabled to achieve.\\n0. M. Roberts and Joseph D. Sayers were rival candidates for\\nthe Democratic nomination for Governor in 1880.\\nThe Constitution provided that as much as one-fourth of the\\ngeneral revenue annually might be applied to the support of the\\npublic schools; but through Governor Eoberts influence the ap-\\npropriation was reduced to one-sixth. A storm of dissatisfaction\\narose at this supposed gubernatorial hostility to the free schools.\\nLieutenant-Governor Sayers headed the opposition and made his\\ncanvass, chiefly on this issue. The newspapers took a prominent\\npart in the contest, the large majority favoring Eoberts idea of", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0676.jp2"}, "675": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0677.jp2"}, "676": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0678.jp2"}, "677": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 621\\nmaking the free school appropriations dependent entirely upon\\nthe necessities of the State government.\\nAt the Dallas convention in July, 1880, Koberts was renomi-\\nnated for Governor; but the principle for which Sayers contended\\nwas sustained, the convention by resolution declaring in favor\\nof the largest appropriations for the schools permitted by the\\nConstitution and justified by the financial condition of the State.\\nMajor Sayers cheerfully acquiesced in the action of the party and\\ngave the whole ticket his hearty support. Free coinage and re-\\nmonetization of silver was also favored by resolution, and Con-\\ngress was asked to prevent unjust discriminations and extortion-\\nate rates of charges for the transportation of interstate com-\\nmerce.\\nThe Republican ex-Governor, E. J. Davis, and W. H. Ham-\\nman, Greenbacker, with their respective tickets were badly beaten\\nby the Democratic nominees that year, and all our congressmen\\nwere elected by increased majorities. One of the Democratic\\nplatform demands was the immediate establishment of the State\\nUniversity as provided by the Constitution. Governor Eoberts\\nhad previously conferred with the teachers (assembled in State\\nconvention at Mexia) on the subject, and they had pledged their\\nco-operation. On the meeting of the Seventeenth Legislature\\nDr. Oscar H. Cooper^^\u00c2\u00ae presented to Governor Roberts a memo-\\nrial from the teachers urging the immediate organization of the\\nUniversity, ajid it was by the Governor transmitted by message\\nto the Legislature with his approval.\\nThe location of the university was determined by popular\\nvote at an election held for that purpose, Austin being selected\\nas the seat of the main University and Galveston as that of the\\nmedical branch.\\nThe Agricultural and Mechanical College, organized in 1871\\non a landed endowment made by the Federal Government (Act\\n118 Dr. Cooper was born in Panola County, Texas, in 18^9 graduated\\nfrom Yale in 1872, and later attended the University of Berlin was for\\nnearly four years State superintendent of Public Instruction for Texas,\\nand superintendent of public schools in Galveston for about the same\\nlength of time was elected president of Baylor University in 1899, and\\nis now acting in that capacity. In 1886 Dr. Cooper married Miss Mary\\nB. Stewart, grand-daughter of the late Dr. Jas. H. Starr. As an edu-\\ncator he has, perhaps, no superior in Texas. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0679.jp2"}, "678": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a0622 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nof July 3, 1862), was declared by the State Constitution of\\n1876 a branch of the University, and was permanently located at\\nCollege Station, near Bryan, and put into successful operation\\nseveral years before the organization of the main university at\\nAustin. The corner stone of the University was laid with im-\\npressive ceremonies at Austin, November 17, 1883, and the in-\\nstitution was formally opened September 15, 1883. On the lat-\\nter occasion, before a large audience, several interesting addresses\\nwere made, notably those of Dr. Ashbel Smith and Gov. John\\nIreland.\\nThe bill providing for the establishment of the University was\\nintroduced by Senator John C. Buchanan, of Wood, chairman\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0of the committee on education, and, with some unimportant\\nmodifications, became a law. And I understand that Senator\\nBuchanan s bill was in substance the bill prepared by Dr. Cooper\\nand submitted to the Senator for consideration. The chief ad-\\nvocates of the measure in the Senate were Lieutenant-Governor\\nStorey, John C. Buchanan, A. W. Terrell, E. M. Wynne, Jno. Y.\\nGooch, and J. B. Stubbs.\\nThe following gentlemen were named by the Governor for\\nregents of the university T. J. Devine, Dr. Ashbel Smith, ex-\\nGovernors Throckmorton, Hubbard, and Pease, Dr. James H.\\nStarr, Mr. A. IST. Edwards, and Prof. Smith Ragsdale. Some\\npolitical objections, as I understand it, having been advanced\\nagainst E. M. Pease, the name of Jas. H. Bell was substituted\\nfor that of Pease, and all the appointments were thereupon con-\\nfirmed by the Senate. The distinguished Dr. Ashbel Smith was\\ndeservedly chosen as the first chairman of the board of regents.\\nJudge John Hancock presided over the Democratic State\\nconvention held at Galveston in 1883. As foreshadowed by the\\ncountry press, John Ireland proved the choice for Governor and\\nwas nominated by the convention, practically without opposition.\\nMarion Martin was nominated for Lieutenant-Governor. I was\\nrenominated for Treasurer by acclamation, an honor also ac-\\ncorded by the State convention at Dallas two years before.\\nTo prevent the recurrence of trouble on the educational ques-\\ntion, the convention favored by resolution the submission to the\\npeople of a constitutional amendment authorizing the levy and\\ncollection of a special school tax separate from that levied for\\n^\u00e2\u0080\u00a2eneral revenue. The amendment was accordingly submitted", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0680.jp2"}, "679": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nand adopted, and there has been no doubt since as to the avail-\\nable school fund.\\nThe entire Democratic ticket was elected over the combined\\nGreenback and Republican opposition headed by G. W. Jones.\\nIn 1884, Ireland, with Barney Gibbs as a running mate, was\\nre-elected over G. W. Jones and A. B. Norton. While Ireland\\nGOV. JOHN IRELAND.\\nwas Governor the University began its exercises and the founda-\\ntion of the present capitol was laid. There also occurred the\\nfence-cutting trouble caused by the enclosure of large pastures\\nobstructing the roads. It took a special session of the Legisla-\\nture to settle the matter. During Ireland s second term my\\nquondam Secretary of State in 1862, Judge C. S. West of the\\nSupreme Court, resigned and the Governor appointed the Hon.\\nSawnie Eobertson^^^ of Dallas to fill out his unexpired term.\\nOn the occasion of memorial proceeding.s had in llie Supreme\\nCourt June 5, 1893. in honor of Judge Robertson, who died June 21 of\\nthe preceding year, Attorney General C. A. Culberson presented, as ex-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0681.jp2"}, "680": {"fulltext": "024 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nLawrence Sullivan Eoss^- was nominated for Governor and\\nT. B. Wheeler for Lieutenant-Governor by the Democratic State\\nconvention held at Galveston in the summer of 1886, and that\\nbody conferred upon me the honor of renomination. The Green-\\nback party had gone to pieces. The Eepublicans and Prohibi-\\ntionists had candidates in the field. A. M. Cochran was the\\nnominee of the former and E. L. Dohoney of the latter. They\\nwere defeated by a popular majority of more than 150,000 votes.\\nDeciding to settle the question of prohibition outside of party\\nlines by a full and free expression of the will of the people of\\nTexas, the Twentieth Legislature submitted a constitutional\\namendment prohibiting the importation, sale, or manufacture of\\nmalt, vinous, or spirituous liquors in the State of Texas, to be\\nvoted on at an election ordered for that purpose in August, 1887.\\nThe canvass was a very exciting one, in which much bitterness\\nwas manifested. None of the State officials favored the amend-\\nment. Among prominent Democrats who favored the measure\\nwere D. B. Culberson, John H. Eeagan, S. B. Maxey, W. S.\\nHerndon, and John M. Duncan. The question at issue was not\\na party question, and positions taken either for or against the\\namendment in no way affected the party status of the individ-\\nuals assuming them. I, and those who believed with me, con-\\ntended, and I believe rightly, that evil would follow the adoption\\nof the proposed amendment, and that it was an anti-democratic\\nmeasure. The amendment was defeated by a majority that elimi-\\nnated the question from State politics, at least for many years\\nto come.\\npressive of the sentiments of the Dallas bar, resolutions that were\\nordered spread upon the minutes of the court, and that contained the\\nfollowing expressions regarding Judge Robertson\\nAs a lawyer, he had no superior in the State. At the early age of\\nthirty-five years, such was his pre-eminence as a lawyer, that at the\\nspontaneous suggestion of the bar of the State he was appointed to the\\nbench of the Supreme Court, from which he voluntarily retired, to the\\nregret of the entire bench and bar, after serving with distinguished\\nability only one year. Ed.\\nA most accomplished and elegant man, famous as an Indian\\nfighter and gallant Confederate officer. It was my fortune to be inti-\\nmately associated with him during his four years term as Governor.\\nHe was patriotic, honest, and devoted to the public interest.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0682.jp2"}, "681": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 625\\nThere was a notable reunion of Parsons brigade held at Tem-\\nple, Texas, August 13, 1887, a very interesting program of ex-\\nercises being observed. There was a street parade at 10 a. m.,\\nwith several thousand old soldiers in line, ex-Federals occupying\\npositions of honor. At the conclusion of the parade the crowd\\nreturned to the opera house, where I was introduced by Capt.\\nW. Gr. Veal, and delivered a speech, as orator of the day. Gov-\\nernor Ross was to have followed me, but was prevented by press-\\nure of official business.\\nGovernor Ross was later invited to deliver the memorial ad-\\ndress at a Confederate reunion held at Elkhorn, Ark., Septem-\\nber 3, 1887, but not being able to attend, ofEered me to the in-\\nvitation committee as his substitute, writing to me at the same\\ntime under date of August 15th:\\nI am in receipt of an invitation to be present at the battle-\\nfield of Pea Ridge on the 1st day of September, 1887, to take\\npart in the ceremonies of unveiling a monument to Generals Mc-\\nCulloch, Mcintosh, and Slack, who lost their lives on that oc-\\ncasion.\\nMy duties will prevent my attendance, but I realize that it\\nis fit and proper that some Texan of name and fame should be\\nthere to do honor to the memory of one who so honored our State\\nas McCulloch, and to those others who laid down their lives for\\nthe cause we loved so well.\\nThere is in this broad State of ours no man better qualified\\nthan yourself for this duty, equally mingled with pleasure and\\nsadness, sadness for those who are gone, and pleasure at the\\nthought that though a quarter of a century has passed the memo-\\nries of their brave and gallant deeds are yet kept green. From\\nthe days of the Republic you have shared, and in a great measure\\nguided, the destinies of the State through good and evil fortunes,\\ntill to-day she is crowned with a bright prosperity and looks out\\non a glorious future.\\n1*1 The Galveston News correspondent said of Governor Lubbock s\\nspeech: The address of Governor Lubbock was a most eloquent piece\\nof oratory, and held the close and earnest attention of his hearers\\nthroughout. He was frequently interrupted by the enthusiastic ap-\\nplause of his audience, amid which echoed ever and anon that never-to-\\nbe-forgotten shout which now is termed the rebel yell. Ed.\\n40", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0683.jp2"}, "682": {"fulltext": "626 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nI therefore request that you will take my place on the oc-\\ncasion named, and be present to represent Texas, in honor to Mc-\\nCulloch and our other gallant fellow citizens who fell at Pea\\nEidge.\\nAccepting the cordial invitation of D. H. Hammons, writing\\nfor the committee, I went on the Frisco Railroad to Avoca, the\\nstation nearest the battlefield. I was there taken in charge by\\nMr. Albert Peel, who gave me a hearty welcome and escorted me\\nover to the camp near the Elkhorn tavern. A large assemblage\\nwas on the ground, and Senator Berry, of Arkansas, presided.\\nI was introduced by him in a few well chosen remarks, and after\\ndepTccating my inability to act as a proper substitute for Gov-\\nernor Ross, proceeded to sketch the salient points in the char-\\nacter of Gen. Ben McCulloch as a soldier and civilian, and to, as\\nfar as lay within the scope of my abilities, pay the tributes due\\nto the other Texans who fellupon that fiercely contested field,\\nclosing with the expression of such thoughts and sentiments as\\nthe assemblage before me, remembrance of the brave departed,\\nand the occasion naturally inspired.^^^ The address was well\\niBsiphe Arkansas Democrat of September 6, 1887, said editorially:\\nThe full text of the able and eloquent address of ex-Governor Lub-\\nbock, of Texas, at the late Confederate reunion at Elkhorn will be\\nfound in to-day s Democrat. The biographical sketch of Gen. Ben Mc-\\nCulloch and the splendid tribute to his character as a soldier are en-\\ntirely worthy of the distinguished ex-Governor distinguished alike in\\npeace and in war.\\nThe Globe- Democrat correspondent s report contained the following:\\nThe Governor made a claim which was not fully agreed to by all\\npresent that was, the Southern people won the victory over Mexico\\naided by the people of the North. He then recounted at length the ser-\\nvices of General McCulloch to the general government before the war,\\nand to the Confederacy, and dwelt with eloquent earnestness upon his\\ndevotion to the cause which he honestly and conscientiously believed to\\nbe right. The Governor was willing to accord to those who fought on\\nthe other side the same honesty of purpose and the same sincerity of\\nrnotive.\\nThe address was finely delivered aad though occupying a full hour\\nwas listened to with attentive interest to the close. Ed.\\nThe correspondent of the Arkansas Democrat made the following al-\\nlusions to personages I met, and my stay at the hospitable home of Mr.\\nand Mrs. Peel, all still well and appreciatively remembered: Your cor-\\nrespondent was Very fortunate in falling into good hands. I was one of\\nthe honored guests of Mr. Albert Peel, a prominent citizen and merchant", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0684.jp2"}, "683": {"fulltext": "Roberts. Ross.\\nFOUR TEXAS GOVERNORS\\nHogg.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0685.jp2"}, "684": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0686.jp2"}, "685": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 627\\nreceived, judging from the liberal applause with which it was\\ngreeted during and at the conclusion of its delivery. Every ef-\\nfort was made to render my visit to Arkansas an enjoyable one,\\nand I returned to Austin bearing with me many pleasant recol-\\nlections of that State and its intelligent and hospitable people.\\nAfter my nomination at the State convention^^^ held at Dallas^\\nin 1888, 1 determined not to be a candidate again and announced\\nthe fact to my friends. Eoss and Wheeler and the entire State\\nticket were renominated and re-elected, defeating the Eepub-\\nlican-Greenbaek opposition at the polls by increased majorities.\\nIn Eoss second term began in earnest the agitation of the\\nquestion of a State railroad commission. That was the para-\\nmount issue in the gubernatorial campaign of 1890.\\nCommissions for the regulation of railroads had been tried\\nwith various degrees of success in several States. The idea was\\nnot unfamiliar to the people of Texas, but it was reserved for\\nthe Attorney-General, James Stephen Hogg, to first champion\\nthe measure on the hustings in his candidacy for the Democratic\\nnomination for Governor in 1890. Several gentlemen of ability\\ntook the stump against him on this issue. In the remarkable can-\\nvass of that year Hogg s power over the masses seemed irresist-\\nible, and all his opponents successively dropped out of the race.\\nThe State convention met at San Antonio in August. Hon. Hor-\\nace Chilton (now United States Senator from Texas) placed\\nGeneral Hogg s name before the convention in an able speech,\\nand he was nominated with but one dissenting voice. The con-\\nof Avoca, who had the honor of entertaining ex-Governor Lubbock, of\\nTexas, whose acquaintance I was delighted to make. Hon. C. B. Moore,\\nSecretary of State, Col. Samuel Morris, of the Democrat, Colonel Part-\\nridge, of the Sentinel, Judge Pittman, Major Davidson. Rev. Mr. Vaux,\\nand Uncle Zeb Pettigrew. of Fayetteville, were all most royally enter-\\ntained by Mr. Peel and his excellent and most accomplished lady, whose\\nkind hospitality to us will never be forgotten. If this should ever meet\\nthe eye of Governor Lubbock he will agree with me that as a hostess\\nshe is unsurpassed, and that the best roast mutton and coffee and the\\nwhitest, lightest bread ever placed before hungry mortals were served\\nat her table. The Governor, I know, will not soon forget the roasted\\nlamb, and will smile when he reads this reference to it.\\n12 Gen. Henry E. McCulloch was a rival candidate for nomination\\nfor State Treasurer. His candidacy in no way interrupted oiu- friend-\\nship.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0687.jp2"}, "686": {"fulltext": "628\\nLUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nvention in its action merely registered the decree which had gone\\nforth from the people. The objection of the delegate from one\\ncounty kept the nomination from being by acclamation.\\nW. B. Wortham, my chief clerk, was selected to succeed me as\\nState Treasurer. Knowing him to be entirely competent for the\\nposition, I espoused his candidacy for the nomination. He had\\na hard fight in the canvass and at the convention, but was nom-\\ninated on the third ballot.\\nWhen Wortham filed his bond on January 33, 1891, I turned\\nover to him the State treasury, taking his receipt in full.\\nAfter so many years of service as State Treasurer, I felt truly\\nthankful to Providence that I had been preserved in health and\\nCAPITOL OF TEXAS.\\nstrength to the hour of my retirement, and that I had been en-\\nabled to discharge my official duties acceptably to the people and\\nto myself.\\nDuring my term of office as State Treasurer, the present mag-\\nnificent granite State capitol was erected. I was the only mem-\\nber of the original capitol board who served from the beginning\\nto the completion of the building. It is a source of gratification\\nto me that I was instrumental in having Texas stone used. The\\ncontractors insisted on using Indiana limestone. Governor Ire-\\nland stated emphatically that he would not sign a contract that\\nwould permit the building to be erected of foreign stone. I heart-\\nily concurred with him, stating that it had been advertised to the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0688.jp2"}, "687": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0689.jp2"}, "688": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0690.jp2"}, "689": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 629\\nworld that we had an inexhaustible supply of granite, limestone,\\nand marble that to permit these men to haul building material\\nfrom another State would be a great injustice and outrage, and\\nthat if they saw fit to throw up their contract it would be well\\nto let them do so, as there would be no difficulty in getting others\\nto taJce their place, and we would be the gainers to the extent of\\nthe work already done. The Governor and myself, as members\\nof the board, stood firm and, as a result, the contractors came\\nto our terms and the capitol was built wholly of Texas granite,\\nlimestone, and marble, a verification of every statement made in\\nregard to the mineral wealth of the State.\\nEequested by the donors to act for them in that capacity, I\\ndelivered a speech^^* at a joint session of the Twenty-second Leg-\\nislature, held in the Senate chamber, March 8, 1891, presenting\\nto the Senate, and through that body to the people of Texas, a\\nvery large and fine oil painting of Jefferson Davis. Lieutenant-\\nGovernor Pendleton made the speech of acceptance. The pro-\\ngram of exercises had been prepared by a legislative committee\\nappointed for that purpose, and was of a character worthy of\\nthe departed chief, whose memory will ever be treasured by the\\npeople of the South.\\nSee Appendix for speech.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0691.jp2"}, "690": {"fulltext": "630\\nLUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTEE THIRTY-SIX.\\nFamily Matters My Present Wife, Sarah Elizabeth Black Lubbock\\nHer Carolina Family Our Visit to South Carolina Hospitable Re-\\nception A Pleasant Sojourn Atlanta Southern Prosperity.\\nIn 1882, during my term as State Treasurer, God took to Him-\\nself my wife, Adele Baron Lubbock, whose love and devotion had\\nbrightened nearly fifty years of my life.\\nAfter the expiration of a year I married my present wife,\\nSarah Elizabeth Black Lubbock, whose love and devotion and\\nF. R. LUBBOCK.\\nS. E. BLACK PORTER.\\nenergy have made my present work possible. She is from a\\nCarolina family, and was the widow of Dr. A. A. Porter, a dis-\\ntinguished divine of the Presbyterian church. With this church\\nI united about one year after our marriage, and I am well pleased\\nto say that I have had more satisfaction in my religion since than\\nin my previous political honors,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 honors so kindly conferred by\\nmy fellow-citizens that my appreciation of them always helped\\nme to live a grateful, happy life.\\nThe accompanying page presents a group picture of the entire\\nfamily of my wife S. E. Black Lubbock. It represents the vari-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0692.jp2"}, "691": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0693.jp2"}, "692": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0694.jp2"}, "693": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 631\\nous members as they were at the period of the war between the\\nStates, with the exception of her father, James Augustus Black,\\nwho died soon after the close of the Mexican war, and a few weeks\\nafter his picture on this plate was taken. He was a member of\\nthe United States Congress from the Pinckney district, South\\nCarolina; chairman of the House committee on military affairs,\\nand an ardent supporter of the cause of Texas, that occupied so\\ngreatly the attention of that body during his term of office. When\\nI was an enthusiastic Polk and Dallas man in the Lone Star\\nState, he was as enthusiastic in his section and in Congress for\\nour annexation.\\nElizabeth Sarah Logan Black, her mother, was a daughter of\\nCol. John Logan, a soldier of the American Eevolution in his\\nboyhood, and a prominent citizen of Abbeville district. South\\nCarolina, in the early part of the nineteenth century.\\nJohn Logan Black, her brother, was colonel of the First South\\nCarolina cavalry, Hampton s command, in the Confederate States\\narmy, and served with distinction through the war.\\nMary Poster Black Davies, her sister, married, in 1861, Rev.\\nJames Adams Davies, a Presbyterian minister of York, S. C,\\nand at her death left one son in South Carolina and one in Texas.\\nThe Black family, ever since its settlement in America in pre-\\nrevolutionary days, has been among the most prominent, influen-\\ntial, and respected in Pennsylvania and the Carolinas.\\nThe year 1891 found me for the first time in my life with no\\npressing public or private employment, and with liberty to\\nmake a trip purely for purposes of pleasure. Being so situ-\\nated, my wife and I decided to visit South Carolina, her native\\nState, where she often visited her kinpeople during her widow-\\nhood, and about the first of July of that year we started upon\\nthe journey. We stopped off at Houston for a pleasant stay of\\nshort duration with Mary Lubbock and Bob Lockart, and in due\\ntime reached Greenville, S. C, where we were welcomed by my\\nwife s brother. Col. John L. Black, and her sister, Mrs. Davies;\\nI found Greenville a handsome and prosperous city of 10,000\\ninhabitants, second in commercial importance to Charleston, and\\nwas agreeably surprised to meet quite a number who knew me\\nand remembered my brother Tom S. Lubbock. We spent several\\nweeks in Greenville, and we still retain many pleasant recollec-\\ntions of its hospitable people.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0695.jp2"}, "694": {"fulltext": "632 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nDuring our stay there was an ex-Confederate reunion in Green-\\nville, at which, in compliance with a pressing invitation, I deliv-\\nered a speech on August 4th to the veterans of the lost cause\\nand citizens assembled in the City Park.\\nI was introduced by Colonel Crittenden as having been the\\nWar Governor of Texas, and later on the staff of President Davis,\\nand as a South Carolinian by birth, the colonel taking advantage\\nof the occasion to say much of a complimentary nature in my be-\\nhalf. In my address 1 alluded to the fact that Bonham, the hero\\nof the Alamo, was a South Carolinian that, sent out to procure\\nreinforcements and failing, he cut his way back into the Alamo\\nto die with its garrison, which he then, better than any other,\\nknew to be doomed.\\nI said also that Eusk, Hemphill, Wigfall, Roberts, Murrah,\\nB. E. Bee (father of Barn^ird E. Bee), T. N. Waul, A. S. Lips-\\ncomb, and Chas. S. West, all distinguished in the annals of Texas\\nhistory for great abilities and public services, were born in the\\nPalmetto State. I said that in nearly every hamlet and neigh-\\nborhood in Texas South Carolinians, or the descendants of South\\nCarolinians, were to be found, and that all I had ever known had\\nproven themselves to be good citizens. I sketched briefly the\\nhistory of South Carolina in the American Revolution, in the\\naid given by her sons to the cause of Texas freedom, and in the\\npart she took in the Mexican war and the war between the States,\\nin both of which struggles her soldiers and those of Texas fought\\nshoulder to shoulder and stated that these two commonwealths,\\nwhose people were bound together by so many enduring ties, were\\nequally dear to me and M^ould be to my dying hour that I gloried\\nin the prowess the soldiers of both had shown on the battlefield\\nthe purity, patriotism, and wisdom the statesmen of each had\\nexhibited; and the imperishable renown that had been achieved\\nby both in the course of the civil and martial struggles that had\\nmarked the progress of our national life. I said that, while the\\ncareer of South Carolina reached back to a much more remote\\nperiod than that of Texas, and she could show a longer scroll,\\ninscribed with the record of far more numerous deeds of valor\\nand worth, yet the scroll of Texas gleamed no less brightly, and\\nthe record it displayed was, as far as it extended, no less hon-\\norable and heroic.\\nI talked to the veterans of the parts they and others like them", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0696.jp2"}, "695": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. ()33\\nhad taken in the war between the States; of the reconstruction\\nperiod; of the progress being made by the South, and of ray-\\nhopes for its future, and concluded by saying that Confederate\\nreunions should continue to be held until the last of those who\\nwore the gray have passed from the scenes of earth. They asked\\nme to do so, and I talked specially of Mr. Davis for awhile.^^^\\nJudge Cothran and Col. James Armstrong, of Charleston, de-\\nlivered interesting addresses.\\nAfter the speech-making, and a benediction pronounced by\\nRev. John 0. Willson, all repaired to another part of the park,\\nwhere an elegant picnic dinner was served near a beautiful\\nspring, under the overshadowing boughs of a grove of century-\\nold oaks.\\nFrom Greenville we visited relatives at Greenwood, in Abbe-\\nville County; Cross Hill, and Blacksburg. The latter place is\\nnamed in honor of Mrs. Lubbock s family. Her father and E.\\nGraham owned the King s Moimtain Iron Works and a consid-\\nerable tract of land near Blacksburg containing extensive iron\\ndeposits. At the time of our visit her brother, Col. John L. Black,\\nwas vice-president of the Magnetic Iron and Steel Ore Company,\\norganized for the purpose of developing the mines, which now\\ngive promise of becoming valuable. My wife s sister and brother\\ncame from Greenville to join us at Blacksburg and remained\\nwith us during our few weeks stay there. We visited the house\\nwhere my wife was born (now occupied by the employes of a cot-\\nton factory) and the family plantation. The latter is still owned\\nby her brother, sister, and herself. As the town contained many\\nof her relatives, our stay there was made very enjoyable. Colonel\\n125 Governor Lubbock spoke for an hour and a half, says the\\nGreenville Daily News, and was given the closest attention.\\nThe speaker said he had heard many good men say, we fought for\\nwhat we thought was right. He did not like to hear men make that\\nremark, because we fought for what we knew was right.\\nSpeaking of the overwhelming numbers of Federal soldiers, Gov-\\nernor Lubbock said that the records of the war department in Washing-\\nton showed that it took five and one-half Federal soldiers to whip one\\nConfederate. He told a story about meeting a friend in New York just\\nafter the war. His friend said, Colonel, I ve just found out how we\\nwere beat. How s that? asked the Governor. Why, they ve got\\nmore omnibus drivers in New York City than we had cavalry in the\\nwar. The story caused laughter and applause. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0697.jp2"}, "696": {"fulltext": "634 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nBlack and I made a trip to my old home, Charleston, where I\\nhad not been since the meeting of the Democratic convention in\\n1860. Notwithstanding all the misfortunes visited upon her by\\nwar, flood, fire, and earthquake, I found the city much improved,\\nand discovered quite a number of old landmarks, associated with\\nmy recollections of boyhood, unchanged notably the old two-\\nstory brick in which I took my first lessons in business, the very\\ndoors, including the hinges upon which they were swung and the\\nlocks with which they were fastened, appearing the same, al-\\nthough sixty years had elapsed since I stepped forth from this\\ninitial point of endeavor to seek what fortune for myself awaited\\nme in the world. As I anticipated, I found but few of my fam-\\nily connections living. I was gratified to find that those who\\nsurvived were pleased that I had come so far to see them and the\\nold place. Dr. Hopson Pinckney s son, G. Pinckney, Esq., was\\nvery kind to me, showing me about the city and pointing out\\nplaces and objects of interest. I visited the spot where my\\nparents home once stood, on South Battery.\\nFrom Charleston we went to Grahamville to visit Cousin Ann\\nOswald, always so dear to the entire family, and from whom I\\nreceived so many evidences of kindness and love in my childhood\\ndays. She was eighty-five years old, but in good health and\\ncheerful, her mind as bright as at any period of her life, and she\\nwas delighted to see me. The pleasure I experienced was fully\\nas great as hers. She was living with her nephew, Charles Bell,\\na prominent lawyer of that section.\\nHaving discharged this duty, we returned to Charleston, and\\nproceeded thence to Columbia for the purpose of meeting my old-\\ntime friend and schoolmate, Dr. Hopson Pinckney, who came in\\nfrom his country home near that city to see me. After enjoying\\nthe pleasure of talking over old times with him, and seeing that\\na separation for thirty years had dimmed his regard for me as\\nlittle as it had mine for him. Colonel Black and I returned to\\nBlacksburg and rejoined Mrs. Lubbock.\\nDuring the few days that we remained there. Col. Wharton\\nGreen, an accomplished North Carolinian, came to visit us upon\\nthe invitation of Colonel Black. They were West Point chums.\\nI had made his acquaintance many years before, and I was truly\\ngratified at his coming. His father, Gen. Thomas Jefferson", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0698.jp2"}, "697": {"fulltext": "L UBB O CK S MEMOIRS,\\n635\\nGreen, brought men and means to the aid of Texas in her revo-\\nlutionary struggle.\\nOn leaving Blacksburg, Mrs. Lubbock and I accompanied her\\nsister to Greenville, remained there a week, and at the conclusion\\nof our delightful sojourn started on our journey home, which\\nwe reached September 13, 1891.\\nOn our way to Texas we stopped at Atlanta, Ga., to spend a\\nfew hours with Dr. J. H. Logan s family, relatives of my wife.\\nThey rendered our visit to them very pleasant.\\nF. R LUBBOCK.\\nS E. BLACK LUBBOCK.\\n(Our Latest Pictures.)\\nAs I expected, Atlanta had grown wonderfully, and contrasted\\nhappily and markedly with the town that I escaped from when\\nHood was evacuating it and the Federals were preparing to enter\\nit. This city is an epitome in brick and mortar, in railroads and\\nfactories, in increased population and wealth, and in evidences\\nof commercial vitality, thrift, and energy, of the successful strug-\\ngle that has been made by the Southern States from the gloom\\nand poverty that followed the war to the present condition of\\nprosperity they enjoy. The South is steadily growing richer and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0699.jp2"}, "698": {"fulltext": "636 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nmore populous the commercial and industrial sceptre is passing\\nto it from the East, and at no distant time in the future it will\\nbe a dominant factor in the Union and I rejoice that this is so,\\nthat a higher power than human hate has shaped its destinies and\\nis leading it on to an ever brightening and more glorious future.\\nAs I view this pleasing prospect, my love and veneration for the\\nOld South grows warmer and more exalted, for the New South\\nis but a natural outgrowth of the old.\\nI was glad to note that South Carolina bore witness to the\\nfact that she was participating in the commercial reawakening\\nand onward march. Dear old South Carolina, mother of patriot-\\nstatesmen and soldiers, grand old State that gave me birth and\\ncradled me in thy arms, my heart turns fondly to thee as I pen\\nthese lines. Go on, thou and Texas, into the future that awaits\\nthee, and there, as in the past, be foremost, in times of peace and\\nwar, in every good work and, with counsel and valor, help to\\nmake the Southland the fairest and best, the richest and most\\npowerful, the bravest and most patriotic portion of this great\\nrepublic, that now, having extended its sway across the conti-\\nnent, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, is stretching forth strong\\narms to encircle the isles of the sea.^^^\\n136 Thp Greenwood correspondent of the Abbeville, S. C, Press and\\nBanner, under date of August 11, 1891, said: The War Governor of\\nTexas, ex-Gov. F. R. Lubbock, and wife, spent several days in town\\nlast week, the guests of Mr. and Mrs. R. P. Blake. While\\nhere the young men of our town with a number of our citizens sere-\\nnaded them, after which they called iipon Governor Lubbock for a\\nspeech. He responded in a very appropriate manner, and his\\nallusion to his native State was very touching. He said that he had\\nlived his allotted time, and that he would wish that his bones could be\\nlaid to rest in this grand old State where he was born, were it not for\\nthe fact that it would show a want of gratitude upon his part not to\\nhave them laid beneath the soil of his adopted State, which had always\\nhonored him and made him what he was.\\nCapt. J. T. Parks was present and responded for Greenwood in one\\nof his best efforts.\\nThe Greenwood Observer, then edited by J. H. Marshall, noticed the\\nincident in an article bearing the caption: Ex-Gov. Francis Lub-\\nbock Honoring a Son of South Carolina Who Has Won Fame in the\\nFar West.\\nBetween 9 and 10 o clock in the evening, says the Observer, a\\nlarge party of gentlemen repaired to Mr. Blake s residence, where a", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0700.jp2"}, "699": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 637\\nnumber of appropriate pieces were well rendered by the musicians.\\nBefore dispersing, Governor Lubbock was called on for a speech and\\nresponded in the most happy and appropriate manner. After\\nthe party had been introduced to the Governor, and by him presented\\nto his wife, who is also a South Carolinian, Captain Parks was called\\nupon to respond for the city. Captain Parks remarks were appropriate\\nand eloquent, and were frequently applauded. Many of our citizens\\nhave met Governor Lubbock, and every one is delighted with his hearty\\njoviality, courtesy, and kindness. Greenwood never entertained a more\\nwelcome guest.\\nThe Charleston News and Courier contained a lengthy notice of Gov-\\nernor Lubbock s visit to that city, heading the article The Return of\\nthe Native Ex-Gov. Francis R. Lubbock of Texas Revisits the Home\\nof His Boyhood for the First Time in Thirty Years Interesting Rem-\\niniscences, and embodying in the article a biographical sketch of the\\nGovernor.\\nGovernor and Mrs. Lubbock were the recipients, at the various points\\nthey visited in South Carolina, of every courtesy and honor from press\\nand people that could have been expected from an intelligent, chivalric\\nand appreciative people desiring to welcome to their midst a disiin-\\nguished son of that State, and his wife, daughter of one of the ablest\\nrepresentatives that South Carolina had in time past sent to the Con-\\ngress of the United States. Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0701.jp2"}, "700": {"fulltext": "638 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCHAPTER THIRTY-SEVEN.\\nPenitentiary Board and Board of Pardons Hogg s Re-Election His\\nImpress on Texas Legislation Slierman and Burnet Monument\\nConfederate Reunion and Winnie Davis Culberson Chilton Pri-\\nmary Election Omaha Excursion Galveston Convention Plat-\\nform on Expansion Sayers Administration Executive Appoint-\\nments A Year s Work My Adieu.\\nI approved Hogg s policies and favored his renomination\\nin 1892. Overcoming the influence of corporations working\\nmightily against hiin, he (Hogg) was renominated for Governor,\\nwith M. M. Crane for Lieutenant-Governor. The bitterest polit-\\nical contest ever known in Texas ensned. But in spite of the\\nformidable opposition, under the leadership of George Clark and\\nThomas L. iSTugent, Hogg was indorsed at the polls by a re-\\nelection.\\nAt the request of Governor Hogg,^^ I served as a member of\\nthe penitentiary board during his first term of office. In that\\ncapacity I made several trips to Huntsville and Rusk on official\\nbusiness. On one occasion we visited the lower Brazos with a\\nview to purchasing sugar lands for the State. Our party con-\\nsisted of Governor Hogg, R. W. Finley, Col. A. P. Wooldridge,\\nJudge Smyth^ Colonel Whately and others, and we had a pleas-\\nant time together.\\n1 (jovernor Hogg has apparently left his impress indelibly on the\\npolitical history of Texas, and embodied permanently in the State s or-\\nganic and statutory law the policies for which he contended.\\nThis is evidenced by the following five of the many important and\\nfar reaching enactments passed during his administration, viz.:\\n1. Establishing the Railroad Commission.\\n2. Prohibiting the issuance of fictitious stocks and bonds by railway\\ncompanies.\\n3. Restricting the power of counties, cities, and towns to issue\\nbonds.\\n4. Defining perpetuities and prohibiting the ownership of land by\\ncorporations for agricultural, horticultural, or speculative purposes.\\n5. Prohibiting aliens people not residents or citizens of Texas or of\\nthe United States from owning lands except for a limited period.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0702.jp2"}, "701": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 639\\nTo relieve the Governor of hard labor that could be done by\\nothers, the Legislature during Governor Hogg s second term\\ncreated a board of pardons, whose business it was to investigate\\nthe cases of all convicts seeking pardons and report to the Gov-\\nernor for final action. I accepted a position on the board. Judge\\nL. D. Brooks, an elegant gentleman and able lawyer, was the\\nother member. Our two years association was of the most pleas-\\nant character. This was my last service as a public official.\\nOn invitation of the Daughters of the Eepublic, I participated\\nin the ceremonies attending the unveiling of the monument to\\nBurnet and Sherman at Galveston, March 2, 1894. After a most\\neloquent speech by ISTorman G. Kittrell, the orator of the day, I\\nwas called out. Unprepared as I was (I had not been notified\\nthat I would be expected to make a speech) I rose and made a\\nfew remarks on the characters of Burnet and Sherman, saying\\nin conclusion A great many people think T was in the battle\\nof San Jacinto, because I am secretary and treasurer of the vet-\\nerans. I am sorry, now, that I was not in that battle for, if I\\nhad been, my Texas record would now be complete. And, really,\\nif I had known how few of yon would have been killed, I would\\nhave most certainly been there. This brought a smile to the\\nfaces of the veterans. Aged though they were, they still had\\nsoldiers hearts, and the true soldier will appreciate and laugh\\nat a joke even under fire.\\nI was present at the grand reunion of Confederate veterans\\nat Houston in May, 1895. It was a delightful affair, and T\\nenjoyed the company very much. Besides this, I had the pleas-\\nure of meeting Miss Winnie Davis,^^^ whom I had not seen since\\nthe reinterment of the remains of Mr. Davis at Eichmond, Va.\\nAttorney- General Charles A. Culberson succeeded Hogg as\\ngovernor of Texas and held the office for two terms without seri-\\nous opposition. His administration followed closely in line\\nwith that of his predecessor as to policies.\\ni\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00ab Mrs. Win.- M. Rice durinj? the reunion gave to her an elegant re-\\nception at the Capitol Hotel. Upon my entrance into the room Miss\\nWinnie rushed to me exclaiming, My father s dear old friend and my\\nchildhood s friend, and threw her arms about my neck. This demon-\\nstration of affection and the rising memories of the olden time filled my\\neyes with tears to overflowing.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0703.jp2"}, "702": {"fulltext": "640 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nIn 1898 Governor Culberson was recommended at the primary\\nelections throughout the State for United States senator. The\\nLegislature meeting in January, 1899, formally elected Mr. Cul-\\nberson to that high office. The senior United States senator,\\nHon. Horace Chilton, initiated the plan of electing senators by\\nprimary elections in his own case in 1894, leaving the formal\\nratification of the popular choice to the Legislature. The pri-\\nmary system for nominating all officials, it seems, has come to\\nstay.\\nOn invitation of Governor Culberson, I was a member of the\\nparty^-^ that accompanied him to the Trans-Mississippi exposi-\\ntion held at Omaha in 1898, to be present at the exercises on\\nTexas day. We left Austin at 7 a. m., August 15th, over the\\nHouston Texas Central Eailway. One of the most pleasant\\nfeatures of the Journey was the reception accorded us as we\\npassed along. To show us consideration the people congregated\\nat many of the stations (representative citizens with their lovely\\nwives and daughters), cheered for Texas, and called for speeches.\\nGovernor Culberson responded to most of these demands. At a\\ntown just as we entered Kansas, where a large and enthusiastic\\nconcourse had assembled, the Governor invited me to go to the\\nplatform and introduced me as the War Governor of Texas, and\\nthe oldest ex-Governor of the State. I made a few remarks, say-\\ning by way of conclusion: When I look into your intelligent\\nupturned faces, if it were not for the fact that I know I am in\\nKansas, I would take you for Texans. To heighten this im-\\npression, I suppose, they gave us a genuine soul-stirring Texas\\nyell as our train moved out of the station.\\n12* Among others of our party were R. B. Hubbard, R. W. Finley,\\nOeo. F. Pendexter, John C. Meade, W. M. Giles, E. P. Holland, Eugene\\nWilliams, Dr. B. M. Worsham, Prof. R. L. Batts, Judge J. H. Robert-\\nson, W. G. Sterrett, G. J. Palmer, Tom Richardson, W. A. Childress,\\nR. IT. Culberson, Gus F. Taylor. R. E. Smith, L. A. Carlton, L. S. Flatau,\\nJ. S. Myrick, William Wolf, and the Governor s staff: Gen. A. P. Wozen-\\ncraft, Col. J. D. Rudd, Col. B. F. Sherrill, Col. R. J. Murphy, Col. W. B.\\nHenderson, Col. I. M. Standifer, Col. S. E. Moss, and E. R. McLean.\\nColonel Sterret, of the Galveston-Dallas News, and Mr. Bushick, of the\\nSan Antonio Express, accompanied and remained with our party until\\nour return. They were especially kind and added much to our enjoy-\\nment.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0704.jp2"}, "703": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 641\\nAt Omaha the address of welcome was delivered by Lieutenant-\\nGovernor Holcomb, of Nebraska, and replied to by Governor Cul-\\nberson. On Texas day, August 18th, ex-Governor Hubbard was\\norator of the day. Hubbard s speech was a magnificent effort.\\nWe were the recipients of many courtesies, and had an enjoyable\\ntime during our attendance at the exposition.\\nDuring our visit to the State of William Jennings Bryan we\\nwould have been glad to have met him, for of all the public men\\nin the Union, he was then, as he is now, the most popular with\\nTexas Democrats but owing to his being absent we were denied\\nthat pleasure.\\nHowever, we met many distinguished and pleasant people,\\nand returned home with most agreeable recollections of the peo-\\nple of the great Northwest and their hospitality.\\nAssistant Passenger Agent George had charge of our train\\nand the care of our party, and he was most attentive to our com-\\nfort from start to finish. To me he was as kind as a son could\\nhave been. We were also under many obligations to the officers\\nof the Eock Island Eailroad for courtesies extended.\\nIn the canvass for the gubernatorial nomination in 1898 Major\\nJoseph D. Sayers had a walkover, all contesting candidates hav-\\ning retired before the meeting of the convention at Galveston,\\nAugust 4th. Major Sayers w^as nominated by a rising vote, and a\\ncommittee consisting of A. W. Mclver, John W. Wortham, and\\nmyself escorted him to the platform, where he was royally\\ngreeted, the delegates rising in their seats and yelling and cheer-\\ning. As spokesman for the committee, I referred briefly to\\nMajor Sayers public services, saying as to his military record\\nthat he was the only man I ever saw in the field on two crutches.\\nIn concluding his eloquent address of thanks and acceptance.\\nMajor Sayers pledged himself to maintain the integrity of the\\nDemocratic party by adhering to its principles and policies as\\ndeclared in the platforms, and, if elected, to perform all his offi-\\ncial duties honestly, faithfully, and to the best of his ability.\\nThe other nominees were J. N. Browning, for Lieutenant-\\nGovernor; Thos. S. Smith, for Attorney-General; E. W. Finley,\\nfor Comptroller Geo. W. Finger, for Land Commissioner John\\nW. Eobbins, for Treasurer Allison Mayfield, for Eailroad Com-\\nmissioner; J. S. Kendall, for Superintendent of Public Instruc-\\n41", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0705.jp2"}, "704": {"fulltext": "042 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ntion Thos. J. Brown, for Associate Justice of the Supreme\\nCourt; and M. M. Brooks for Judge of the Court of Criminal\\nAppeals.\\nThe most exciting debate in the convention was on the ques-\\ntion of expansion, arising from our victories on land and sea in\\nthe Spanish war. The platform utterance on the subject (ad-\\nvocated by Senator Horace Chilton and opposed by Congressman\\nJoseph W. Bailey) favored expansion in the western hemisphere,\\nbut not in the eastern; that is to say, retention of West India\\nIslands but not of the Philippines. The platform declared the war\\nto have been forced upon us by the misconduct of Spain prom-\\nised the President of the United States the full support of the\\nDemocratic party in all measures necessary to conduct the war\\nto an early and successful end; favored the generous develop-\\nment of the American navy; favored the construction and con-\\ntrol of the Nicaragua Canal by the United States, and denounced\\nthe revenue bill passed by the Eepublican party.\\nAn important feature of the platform was a plank favoring\\nthe appointment by the Legislature of a committee to inquire\\ninto our State financial system, including the whole subject of\\ntaxation, and to formulate measures of reform.\\nI stood squarely upon the State Democratic platform through-\\nout, and I shall continue to do so, accepting the changes, if any,\\nmade by the next National Democratic convention. Our whole\\nticket was easily elected by an immense majority, only the Popu-\\nlists offering a feeble resistance. The political excitement soon\\nchanged to an era of good feeling. Accordingly, the new ad-\\nministration opened under the most favorable auspices.^^^\\nPublic anticipation as to the success of the new administration\\nappears, after a year s trial, to be well justified. Indeed, no\\ni As an American citizen, I hold that the best result of the late\\nSpanish war has been the restoration of fraternal feeling between the\\nonce discordant and belligerent sections of our countrj\\nI l Among Governor Sayers appointments in the capitol were C. Jef-\\nferson Johnson to continue in his office as Commissioner of Agriculture,\\nInsurance, Statistics, and History: D. H. Hardy, Secretary of State;\\nJoe Lee Jameson, Financial Agent: Thomas Scurry, Adjutant General;\\nL. P. Sieker, Quartermaster Frontier Battalion; and Capt. Sam Harlan,\\nSuperintendent of Public Buildings and Grounds all admirable selec-\\ntions.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0706.jp2"}, "705": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS. 645\\nserious damage could befall Texas under Democratic rule, for\\nDemocracy has always stood for good government.\\nThe founders of the Kepublic for there were giants in those\\ndays by devotion to Democratic principles made possible the\\nTexas of to-day. The spirit of 36, tested by the fires of 1861-74,\\nlives immortal in the heart of every true Texan.\\nIn conclusion, my prayer is that Texas may continue, one and\\nindivisible, as a star of the first magnitude in the American con-\\nstellation.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0707.jp2"}, "706": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0708.jp2"}, "707": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0709.jp2"}, "708": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0710.jp2"}, "709": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX.\\nTEXAS POETS TEIBUTE.\\nThe following verses to the memory of my brother, Thomas S. Lub-\\nbock, were written by our mutual friends, William M. Gilleland* and\\nAlfred M. Hobby, both of whom are now dead:\\nLINES\\non the death of colonel thomas s. lubbock.\\nBy Wm. M. Gilleland.\\nRespectfully inscribed to Mrs. F. R. Lubbock.\\nI sing now in the minstrel s strain^\\nThough heaviness of heart is mine.\\nThat I must touch ray harp again,\\nWhile bending at a warrior s shrine;\\nThough cold and calm in death he lies,\\nThe sun-light of his fame shall glow\\nFrom where the Aztec dungeons rise.\\nTo where Potomac s waters flow.\\nProud sepulchres inurn their bones,\\nAnd columns rise where despots sleep,\\nWho paved their way with human groans.\\nTo climb ambition s treacherous steep;\\nBut they Avill moulder back to dust,\\nNor leave a vestige of their name;\\nWhile patriots, to their country just.\\nBequeath to grateful hearts their fame!\\nThe bells, with iron tongues and slow.\\nToll for the warrior s sable car.\\nAnd thrill those streets with notes of woe.\\nWhence lately dashed his steeds to war!\\nThe death drum beats its solemn strain,\\nAnd o er his bier proud banners wave,\\nWhile thousands swell the funeral train\\nThat bears brave Lubbock to his grave!\\nBrother of Mrs. Rebecca J. Fisher, now (1900) president of Travis\\nChapter, Daughters of the Republic.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0711.jp2"}, "710": {"fulltext": "646 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nAnd Texas mourns her gallant son,\\nWho freedom valued more than life^\\nAnd promptly rushed where death is won,\\nWhen sounded first the notes of strife!\\nFor well she knows that^ though denied\\nThe death he wooed, if death must come,\\nNe er nobler patriot ever died,\\nNor braver soldier met his doom.\\nDread Alamo! thy walls can tell.\\nHow human tides surged on thy breast,\\nAnd freedom s lions proudly fell.\\nFrom tyrant hands thy halls to wrest;\\nThere, herbage rank, and hoary trees.\\nIn leaves and blossoms bear on high\\nThe sacred blood and dust they seize\\nFrom hero hearts that round them lie!\\nNow cold in death lies Lubbock s form;\\nYet, Alamo, thy rampart knew\\nHow, mid the battle s fiery storm,\\nOn on to scale their heights he flew!\\nAnd how, with comrades true and brave,\\nHe nobly fought the bloody fray;\\nHow foemen found a gory grave.\\nAnd Texians won a glorious day!\\nAnd where are they his comrades brave.\\nThose patriot hearts of high degree.\\nWho fought, their country s rights to save,\\nAnd make her noble, proud and free?\\nAlas, but few now grace the land,\\nAnd these but feebly hold their place,\\nWhere strangers boldly now demand.\\nThe honors due their gallant race.\\nOh, peaceful, Lubbock, be thy rest!\\nThine is a name not born to die,\\nAnd mid the valiant spirits blest,\\nNo purer one illumes the sky\\nThe mural bay and laurel bloom.\\nMeet emblems of the warrior s fame\\nThine are they now, to grace thy tomb.\\nAnd be all deathless as thy name!", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0712.jp2"}, "711": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 647\\nTO THE MEMORY OF\\nCOL. THOMAS S. LUBBOCK,\\nWho Died at\\nNashville, Tenn., on Thtjbsday, January 9, 1862,\\nWliile in the Service of His Country,\\ncommanding the TEXAS RANGERS.\\nDedicated to Gov. F. R. Lubbock,\\nBy Alfred M. Hobby.\\nDrape in gloom our Southern Ensign,\\nGently fold its crimson bars.\\nWhile cypress-wreaths around we twine\\nAnd dim with tears its burning stars.\\nHearts are throbbing, eyes are weeping\\nTears on noble Lubbock s grave,\\nCalm in death his form is sleeping,\\nLamented Lubbock, true and brave.\\nBut yesterday the minute gun\\nCame booming on our shore.\\nAnd on our day a shadow hung,\\nBrave Terry was no more.\\nHe died on the soil that gave him birth,\\nDefending his country s trust.\\nOur vandal foes he crushed to earth.\\nLike servile worms of dust.\\nThen Lubbock unto tliee we turned\\nTo lead our Texian band.\\nWe knew what fires within thee burned,\\nWhat courage nerved thy hand;\\nWe felt that thou wouldst win from fame,\\nA laurel-wreath of glory.\\nAnd deeds of valor give thy name\\nHigh place in Southern story.\\nWhen, years ago, a single star\\nIllum nd our Western sky.\\nIts radiant beams were hailed afar.\\nAnd caught his youthful eye.\\nForsaking home, to aid the brave.\\nFoes and dangers scorning,\\nTo his adopted Mother gave\\nThe vigor of life s morning.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0713.jp2"}, "712": {"fulltext": "648 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nWhere er her ensign was unfurled^\\nBeneath were souls to dare.\\nAnd valor s arm foes backward hurl d.\\nIn victory s meteor glare.\\nHe saw it wave that Lone Star flag\\nAbove the Rocky Mountains,\\nWhere frozen tears from the icy crag\\nWeep into silver fountains.\\nHe saw that flag reflected gleam\\nDown deep in Pecos river\\nIts azure folds, its silvery sheen.\\nOn flowing waters quiver.\\nHe saw it meet the rising day\\nOn Santa Fe s broad plain,\\nW^hich, cold and cheerless, stretched away\\nWhere gloom and silence reign.\\nHe saw that star the heavens climb\\nThrough battles lurid light.\\nStill upward, in its strength sublime\\nUnutterably bright.\\nIn Aztecs dungeons, dark and deep,\\nIts beams resplendent shedding.\\nHe heard success, along Fame s steep,\\nOur mystic future treading.\\nUnehangiing still through rest or toil\\nHis heart for Texas burning;\\nIt loved her sons and blood-bought soil;\\nIt knew no shade of turning.\\nAnd when our honor was assailed.\\nIndignant shouts were raised;\\nThe Lone Star fluttered in the gale.\\nAnd reddened, flashed, and blazed.\\nIt swept on high the fleecy cloud\\nIt sought a loftier station;\\nAnd joined, midst cheers of Freemen, loud,\\nThe Southern Constellation!\\nAnd there it shines God bless that Star\\nGod bless her sister stars;\\nTis Venus in the days of peace.\\nIn war the planet Mars.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0714.jp2"}, "713": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 649\\nUpon Manassas gory field,\\nWhere fell the shafts of death.\\nIts new-born splendor stood revealed\\nMidst battle s sulphurous breath.\\nWhere thickest rain d war s iron hail,\\nAnd gush d the crimson tide,\\nUndaunted there our Lubbock stood,\\nBrave Terry by his side.\\nFar in advance, on Fairfax heights,\\nRais d by a tyrants minion,\\nThey struck the flag that dared insult\\nOur honor d Old Dominion.\\nEnough They were strong friends in youth-\\nIn spring time s pleasant weather\\nTwo souls close bound in bonds of truth\\nIn death they sleep together.\\nTime s brightest page their names adorn,\\nTheir deeds are history s trusts.\\nAnd fame s green laurels, fresh as morn\\nWill crown their honored busts.\\nThe fevered frame and aching head\\nOf Lubbock is at rest\\nHe sleepeth well neath Southern skies.\\nStill looking to the West.\\nProud Carolina s never borne\\nA truer son or braver;\\nAnd like herself would trample on\\nPower s threat or favor.\\nBut pulseless lies that heart of worth\\nBeneath the swelling sod,\\nHis body with its mother earth.\\nHis spirit with its God.\\nOn hearts bereaved a pall is cast.\\nAnd withered seems life s flowers;\\nOh! let your tears flow free and fast.\\nWith them shall mingle ours.\\nEternal honor to the brave.\\nMay Spring her garlands wreathe\\nImmortal blooms to deck his grave.\\nAnd Christ his soul receive.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0715.jp2"}, "714": {"fulltext": "650 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nSPEECH ON JEFFERSON DAVIS.\\nDelivered by me at a joint session of the Twenty- second Legislature,\\nheld in the Senate chamber on the evening of March 8, 1891, the\\noccasion being the presentation of a portrait of Jefferson Davis.\\nMr. President, Members of the Tiventy-second Legislature, and Ladies\\nand Gentlemen\\nI am accorded by this august body the distinguished honor of appear-\\ning before you, and at the request of my friends, B. Eldridge, C. C. Gar-\\nrett, W. W. Searcy, D. C. Giddings, Jr., and Beauregard Bryan of Bren-\\nham, Washington County, to present in their behalf through you to\\nthe Senate of Texas and the people of Texas the portrait of Jefferson\\nDavis, one of our most illustrious countrymen.\\nThis magnificent portrait is the product of the genius of McArdle.\\nThe artist was for some twelve months during the war on detached duty\\nin the city of Richmond, and saw Mr. Davis very often. It was also\\nhis good fortune to have as his model before him the great head of the\\nConfederacy as he stood in tears before the artist s Lee at the Wilder-\\nness. In 1875, during his visit to this State, Mrs. Davis, too, kindly\\nassisted with her personal description of the man so dear to her and\\nthe people of the Southern States. She wrote: Mr. Davis was five\\nfeet eleven and one-half inches; his eyes were blue and very bright;\\nthey were a decided blue, with large pupils; the arch of the eyelid was\\nabrupt and the eye was well opened and very fearless in its expression;\\nhis hair was full and fell on his head in large soft curves not curls,\\nonly it had never a stiff effect, and was very fine and abundant.\\nThe expression of the face is that of lofty and firm resolve, traceable\\nno doubt to the matter contained in the dispatches held gracefully in his\\nleft hand. His right hand rests firmly and naturally on a map of Rich-\\nmond defenses, showing the cause for which he contended, the map in\\nturn resting upon the Constitution of the United States.\\nThe expression of the body is that of action; the fingers of the right\\nhand are vigorously raised, while the left leg is boldly advanced, all\\ntogether depicting the energy of action, mental and physical, which was\\na characteristic of Jefferson Davis.\\nYou see the battle-torn fiag which drapes the portrait. It is the flag\\nof the regiment of Mississippians led by Jefferson Davis at Monterey.\\nIt was presented to the company of Capt. A. K. McClung by the ladies\\nof Columbus, Mississippi, in 1846, when the volunteers were leaving for\\nthe Mexican war, and was received by the color sergeant, George W.\\nCampbell, whose widow now treasures the relic. Miss Kate Austin made\\nthe presentation in behalf of the ladies whose deft fingers formed the\\nflag from their own silk dresses, the white being from the wedding\\ndress of Mrs. Dr. Malone, of Columbus. At the storming of Monterey", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0716.jp2"}, "715": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 651\\nit was used as the regimental colors, and the bullet rents show that it\\nwas carried in the thickest of the fight. There the brave McClung fell\\ndesperately wounded.\\nWhile I feel very deeply the compliment paid me, I could have wished\\nthat the duty, although pleasing, had been allotted to some more elo-\\nquent tongue; yet I will say that it could not have been assigned to\\nany one feeling a deeper veneration and love for the dead hero and\\nstatesman. I approach the subject with a full knowledge of the great\\nundertaking, for the story of his life and death has been told in prose\\nand song by many of the ablest minds of our country, and I fear that\\nI can add but little to what has been said to interest you, and more\\nespecially as the most of you were present at the beautiful, interesting\\nmemorial services in the other chamber this afternoon. I shall, how-\\never, endeavor to place before you something of the history of this great\\nman, and of my observation and recollection of him, gained from the\\nclosest intimacy and friendship^ Should I dwell too long on his life,\\ncharacter, and many virtues, bear with me for the love I cherish for the\\nmemory of one of whose friendship while living I am greatly proud.\\nHIS BIRTH, EARLY HISTORY, ETC.\\nJefferson Davis was born June 3, 1808, in Christian County, Ky., now\\nTodd County; the village of Fair View the place. The Baptist church\\nnow stands on the very spot which gave him birth, the land having been\\nquite recently donated by him (he being an Episcopalian and a poor\\nman when making the gift). His father was Samuel Davis, a native\\nof Georgia, and a captain of infantry at the siege of Savannah during\\nthe Revolution. While yet an infant his father removed to Wilkinson\\nCounty, Mississippi. After attending the neighborhood schools, in 1824,\\nat the age of 16 he entered West Point, graduating in 1828. Then an\\ninfantry officer, he was assigned to duty on the western frontier, where\\nhe remained until 1833.\\nAn occurrence took place while stationed there showing the fine sense\\nof honor which ever characterized the man. The officer in command\\nhaving been guilty of excesses and unsoldierly conduct, the officer com-\\nmanding the department desired Captain Davis to prefer charges; he\\ndeclined. The officer insisted and threatened proceedings against Davis\\nif he continued to refuse. Davis then told him that he would resign\\nrather than prefer the charges, and when his reasons for refusing were\\ndemanded, his reply was, his dismissal would result in my promotion.\\nShortly after he was transferred to a dragoon regiment. After a suc-\\ncessful campaign against the Indians, he resigned in 183.5. He left the\\narmy for the purpose of fullfilling an engagement of seA^eral years stand-\\ning, and married the daughter of Gen. Zachary Taylor (subsequently\\nPresident of the United States). It may be stated here that much has\\nbeen said about Davis running away with the General s daughter. It s\\na great mistake. It is true that the General made some objections. The\\nmother was dead, but they were married at the home of a near relative", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0717.jp2"}, "716": {"fulltext": "652 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nof the bride. After the battle of Buena Vista the General remarked\\nthat his daughter was a better judge of men than he. After marrying\\nhe became a cotton planter in Warren County, Mississippi. He lost his\\nwife shortly afterwards, and lived in great seclusion until 1843. In\\nthose long years he we^s reading, thinking, and preparing himself to\\nmeet the subsequent demands made upon him by his fellow men.\\nPOLITICAL CAEEEK.\\nIn 1843 he for the first time engaged in politics. In 1844 he was\\nchosen a presidential elector in the Polk campaign. In 1845 he was\\nelected to Congress. In June, 1846, at the commencement of hostilities\\nbetween the United States and Mexico, he was elected colonel of the\\nMississippi regiment. It would be useless to dwell at any length upon\\nhis marked ability and gallantry as a soldier in that war. The history\\nof the times has given him and the gallant Mississippians under his\\ncommand a name for patriotism and heroism on the battle field that\\nwill last to all time. He was seriously wounded at the bloody battle of\\nBuena Vista, remaining, however, in his saddle and in command the\\nentire day. In consequence of this wound and his continuing on horse-\\nback for hours afterward, he was compelled to return home on crutches.\\nPrevious to his return President Polk had appointed him a brigadier-\\ngeneral of volunteers. He declined to accept the appointment, because\\nhe denied the right of the President to make such appointment, con-\\ntending that volunteers were militia, and the State had the appointment\\nof officers under the Constitution. Thus it will be seen that he was ever\\nfound battling for the reserved rights of the States and resisting all\\nencroachments of the Federal government upon the States. In 1847,\\nin consequence of the death of a Mississippi senator, he was appointed\\nby the Governor to the vacancy. In January, 1848, he was unanimously\\nelected by the Legislature to fill the unexpired term, and in 1850 was\\nelected for the full term as his own successor. In the United States\\nSenate he was chairman of the military committee. He took a promi-\\nnent and active part in the debates on the compromise measures of 1850,\\nopposing Douglas and others in their theory of squatter sovereignty,\\nand advocating as a means of pacification the extension of the Missouri\\ncompromise line to the Pacific. He was Secretarj^ of War during Mr.\\nPierce s administration, serving the entire four years. As Secretary of\\nWar he was laborious, full of energy, activity, originality. It was he\\nwho introduced camels for service on the western plains, an improved\\nsystem of infantry tactics, effected the substitution of iron for wood in\\ngun carriages, secured rifled muskets and rifles and the use of minie\\nballs, and advocated the increase of the defenses of the seacoast by heavy\\nguns and the use of large grain powder.\\nWhile in the Senate he advocated as a military necessity, and as a\\nmeans of preserving the Pacific territory to the Union, the construction\\nof a military railway across the continent; and as Secretary of War\\nhe was put in charge of the surveys of the various routes proposed, per-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0718.jp2"}, "717": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 653\\nhaps for a similar reason\u00e2\u0080\u0094 that he had advocated the improvement. He\\nwas also put in charge of the extensions of the United States capitol\\nbuilding. The southern route recommended by him was one of the routes\\nsubsequently chosen. When Congress met in the fall of 1860 he was\\nappointed one of the Senate committee of thirteen to report some prac-\\nticable adjustment of the controversies which then threatened the dis-\\nsolution of the Union. He wished to be excused, but at the solicitation\\nof friends consented to serve, then avowing his willingness to make any\\nsacrifice to avert the impending struggle. The committee consisted of\\nmen belonging to the three political divisions of the Senate, the States\\nRights men of the South, Radicals of the North, and Northern Demo-\\ncrats, with one member who did not acknowledge himself as belonging\\nto any one of the three divisions,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mr. Crittenden, an old-time Whig\\nand the original mover of the compromise resolution. The Northern\\nRadicals failed to sanction any substantive proposition. Finally the\\ncommittee reported their failure to find anything on which the three\\ndivisions could unite. Mr. Douglas, who was a member of the com-\\nmittee, defiantly challenged the Northern Radicals to tell what they\\nwanted. As they had refused everything, he claimed that they ought\\nto be willing to tell what they proposed to do.\\nSenator Davis remained in his seat until officially informed that Mis-\\nsissippi had passed the ordinance of secession. He then took formal\\nleave of the Senate in a most touching and dignified manner, announc-\\ning for the last time in that body the opinions he had so often expressed\\nas to State sovereignty, and as a consequence of it, the right of a State\\nto withdraw its delegated powers. Before he reached his State he was\\nappointed by the convention of Mississippi commander-in-chief of its\\narmy, with the rank of major-general, and he at once proceeded with\\nthe task of organization. He went to his home in Warren County in\\norder to prepare for what he believed was to be a long and severe\\nstruggle. He was not permitted to remain at home, for he was very\\nsoon ^notified that he had been elected Provisional President of the Con-\\nfederate States, and although reluctant to accept the position, the cir-\\ncumstances surrounding the country would not justify a refusal, and\\nhe was inaugurated at Montgomery, Alabama, on February 18, 1861,\\nwith Alexander H. Stephens, of Georgia, as Vice-President.\\nIn his autobiography, from which I take the facts of his life before\\nmy acquaintance with him, he said: In the selection of a cabinet I\\nwks relieved from a difficulty which surrounds that duty of the Presi-\\ndent of the United States, for there were no sections and no party\\ndistinctions. All aspirations, ambitions, and interests had been merged\\nin the great desire for Confederate independence. He asserted in his\\ninaugural address that necessity, not choice, had led to the secession\\nof the Southern States; that as an agricultural people their policy was\\npeace and free commerce with all the world that the constituent parts,\\nnot the system of government, had been changed.\\nFoUow int; the manv able writers and distinguished orators who have\\nwritten and spoken of the illustrious dead, whose portrait we behold to-", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0719.jp2"}, "718": {"fulltext": "654 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nday, those that have said so much of his patriotism, his great intellect,\\nhis grand integrity of purpose in all things, his Christian virtues, his\\nheroism, I trust that you, my friends and the people of this grand Em-\\npire State of ours, with whom I have been so closely linked for the past\\nfifty-four years, will not charge me Avith presumption or guilty of super-\\nerogation because I may speak of my friend and grand chief as I learned\\nto know him from constant association under circumstances never fail-\\ning to develop the characteristics and metal of the man. I had met Mr.\\nDavis in 1860 in Washington as a United States senator, and while\\nknowing but little of him personally, he was of course known to me, as\\nhe was to all men who read, as an army officer, a distinguished soldier,\\na brilliant senator, an active and able cabinet officer.\\nI also knew him as the man that Ben Butler, of Massachusetts, sitting\\nwithin a few feet of me at the Charleston convention in 18G0, had voted\\nfor fifty-six times as a suitable person to be President of the United\\nStates, so that I was prepared to meet a diatinguished man. In my view\\nhe came up fully to the standard fixed upon him at that day, and stood\\nas the peer of any man then in the councils of the government. Enter-\\ntaining these views, as soon as I was chosen Governor of the State of\\nTexas in 1861, I repaired to Richmond, Va., that I might take counsel\\nof this great mind and endeavor to so shape my course touching the war\\nas to give strength and prosperity to the Confederate cause. I found\\nhim then at the front, where he always was when his civil duties per-\\nmitted.\\nI was again confirmed in my previously formed opinion of his ability,\\nintegrity, and patriotism. Returning home I was inaugurated, and\\nthrough my administration Texas kept in harmony with the govern-\\nment at Richmond, putting into the Confederate service 90,000 men.\\nUpon the expiration of my term as Governor, entering the army, and\\nwhile serving in Louisiana, Mr. Davis appointed me on his staff, with\\nthe rank of colonel of cavalry, had my nomination confirmed by the\\nSenate M ithout my knowledge, and requested me, if I accepted, to re-\\nport at once for duty that he wished an officer near him as a repre-\\nsentative from the tranp-Mississippi country.\\nAfter an immediate and hurried consultation with Generals Wharton,\\nHardeman, and Harrison, and others of my military associates, I left\\nfor Richmond in a few hours. My reception was all I could have de-\\nsired. Mr. Davis, always kind and polite, assured me of his pleasure\\nat my coming so promptly, and made me feel quite at home in his mili-\\ntary family.\\nMy first impression when I entered into his presence confirmed my\\npreviously formed opinion of his grand and dignified character, of his\\npatriotism and devotion to the work to which he had been called by a\\ntrusting people. Constant attendance day by day upon the executive,\\nwhile in his office, or during his very frequent visits to the field, the\\ncamp, and the hospital, founded in my heart a strong love for the man,\\nand still more increased my admiration for the soldier and statesman.\\nFrequently visiting his home in Richmond and seeing him with, his", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0720.jp2"}, "719": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 655\\ntalented and lovely wife, surrounded by his children, I knew him as the\\nnoble husband and affectionate Christian parent.\\nBeside the happiness of his family, he appeared never to be concerned\\nabout anything but the welfare of his people.\\nFrom the day I took service with him to the very moment that we\\nwere so cruelly separated, subsequent to our capture, his request that I\\nshould be placed in the same prison with him being denied, all through\\nhis triumph and his adversity, I witnessed his unselfishness. He dis-\\nplayed more self-abnegation than any human being I have ever known.\\nWhile commander-in-chief, with thousands at his bidding, he invariably\\ndeclined escorts and guard, and when cautioned about exposing himself\\nto danger he always replied, I have no fear for myself, and in the\\nmost unpretentious manner he would visit the lines of the army oftener\\nwith one aide than more. While fond of society he rarely, though often\\npressed, ever sought it during the war, it being his pleasant duty to\\ngive every hour of his time to his country. While burdened with\\nweighty matters of state, he was kindly attentive to all classes of peo-\\nple. He was as polite and affable to the humblest soldier or his mes-\\nsenger boy as to the officer of highest rank in the army. For this, and\\nhis many great virtues, he was loved by all who served near his person.\\nHe was always welcomed with great respect and cordiality when visit-\\ning the troops in their quarters. It has been asserted that he was harsh\\nand severe to those with whom he differed. This is an entire misappre-\\nhension of his nature and disposition. Though tenacious of his own\\nopinions and quite fixed in his judgments when formed, he seemed to me\\nto be much more tolerant than other men of ability and power with\\nwhom I have been associated. While others would be intolerant and\\nvery exacting during our struggle, he would be the apologist of many\\nwho failed in their duties, treating delinquents with compassion and\\nleniency. I may here be permitted to state as a historical fact that he\\nnever signed the death warrant of a soldier, and upon one memorable\\noccasion the papers were sent him condemning a soldier to death for\\ndesertion. The papers showed letter after letter had been received by\\nthe soldier about the distressed condition of his family. They were\\nsuffering from sickness and want. Mr. Davis indorsed on the papers,\\nI would have gone home under such circumstances, which of course\\nsaved the life of the soldier.\\nHIS VISIT TO FKAXCE, ENGLAND, AND SCOTLAND.\\nAfter the war was over, I had the good fortune of traveling with him\\nin France, England, and Scotland. It is known that as an orator he\\nwas seldom equaled; as a conversationalist he surpassed all I have ever\\nmet. His accurate observations and extensive reading made him most\\ncharming as a companion, and as a traveling companion the life of any\\nparty.\\nHe visited those countries for the purposes of business and to build\\nup his shattered health, brought about by great strain upon him and", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0721.jp2"}, "720": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a0656 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nlong imprisonment. In his travels he was always the same dignified\\nand elegant gentleman that he was while a citizen, senator, cabinet\\noflBcer, or President. He had friends and admirers wherever he went.\\nHe was always attractive and instructive in conversation. He was\\ngreatly appreciated and admired by those with whom he came in con-\\ntact; particularly was this the case in France and Scotland. We visited\\nthe homes of Shakespeare, Scott, and Burns, all favorite authors of his.\\nFrom Scott and Burns he freely quoted. While we traveled through\\nScotland with his friends, he would describe their battlefields, their\\nheroes, quote Scott, and recite Bums in such a beautiful and accurate\\nmanner that in a little book published subsequently in Glasgow it is\\nsaid, in speaking of his visit, that if the works of Scott were destroyed\\nthe ex-President of the Confederate States could reproduce them.\\nIn visiting the ship yards on the Clyde and Dumbarton, the ship\\nbuilders would be so impressed with his knowledge of ship building that\\nthey would inquire if he had ever been connected with the building of\\nships; and so his knowledge of woodcraft and botany, and his great in-\\nformation as to animals and all subjects of discussion and conversation,\\nwere considered truly surprising.\\nVISIT TO TEXAS IN 1875.\\nBut a greater pleasure than being in these foreign countries with\\nhim was accorded me when he visited Texas. I will tell you about that\\njoyful time.\\nFrom the day Mr. Davis was released from prison by the United\\nStates government the people of Texas were solicitous to have him pay\\n-them a visit. They were not moved by idle curiosity they were anxious\\nto show the love and respect they bore him. This kindly feeling and re-\\nspect was recipi ocated by him. He knew them as brave soldiers in the\\nearly settlement of the Republic, he had witnessed their gallantry in\\nthe war between the United States and Mexico, and later in the war\\nbetween the States, and thus drawn toward them he invariably replied\\nto their solicitations that as soon as a favorable opportunity offered he\\nwould visit the people he had ever held in such high regard. Finally\\nin May, 1875, a committee of citizens invited him to visit the State dur-\\ning the fair at Houston. The following characteristic reply was re-\\nceived:\\nViCKSBURG, Miss., May 5, 1875.\\nCol. F. R. Lubbock: My Dear Sir I am engaged in a matter of\\nmuch importance to me and of no little complexity. If it is possible\\nfor me to arrange matters so that I can leave, it will give me sincere\\npleasure to meet the good people of Texas, whose kindness impresses\\nme with heartfelt gratitude.\\nAs heretofore, I am compelled to say, do not expect me, but if I do\\nnot go the regret will surely be deeper on my part than I can suppose\\nit will be on that of others. As ever, truly your friend,\\nJefferson Davis.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0722.jp2"}, "721": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 657\\nHe came, however, on a very short notice to the committee. He was\\nreceived at Galveston with marked respect and attention, although he\\narrived on Sunday, and attended divine services at the Episcopal church\\nduring the day. The next morning he proceeded to Houston. The notice\\nof his coming was very short, but thousands thronged the city to meet\\ntheir illustrious ex-President, and never was an arrival marked by\\nstronger demonstrations of love and affection from a people. His ad-\\ndress at the fair grounds captured his hearers, old and young. The\\nAssociation of Veterans of the Texas Revolution were present.\\nHe spoke to them specially, and the old men grew wild at his magnifi-\\ncent tribute to them, as he enumerated the wonderful results they had\\nachieved in giving to the country the great State of Texas. A very\\ntouching incident occurred while he was in that city. The survivors\\nof the Davis Guard, a company composed entirely of Irishmen, desired\\nto call on him in a body. He accorded them an interview. The writer\\nof this with a few other citizens were present. It was a scene never to\\nbe forgotten. He made them a short speech, in which he referred to\\ntheir brave conduct in defense of their adopted State. That gallant\\nband of warm hearts and strong arms, each and every one, shook the\\nhand of their President, as they called him, and not a dry eye was there\\namong all those sturdy men as they parted from him. This company of\\nforty-two men is mentioned in Davis Rise and Fall of the Con-\\nfederate States, volume 1, pages 236 and 240, as having performed one\\nof the greatest feats during the entire war, resulting in saving Texas\\nfrom invasion and probable devastation. The people appeared loath to\\npart with him, but he had to journey on. In passing through the coun-\\ntry to Austin, at every town and station the citizens assembled in great\\nnumbers, and as he would appear upon the platform of the car, in re-\\nsponse to their call, great cheering and hearty greeting came from an\\nadmiring people. The train was behind time in reaching Austin, the\\ncapital of Texas. It was raining, but men, women, and children stood\\nwhere they had been for hours. They had improvised torchlights and\\nwaited for the train, that they might obtain a glimpse of their loved\\nchief. He was received by the military, and escorted to his quarters,\\nwhere he was met by the Governor of the State and others.\\nThe next day thousands of men, women, and children called to shake\\nhis hand, and tell him how they honored nnd loved him. While at the\\nseat of government he had every attention that could be shown him.\\nHis reception at Austin will never be forgotten, even by the little chil-\\ndren that took part in it.\\nThe people having heard of his coming, his trip from Austin to Dallas\\nwas like a triumphal march. Never before or since has such an out-\\npouring of the people been seen in Texas. Arriving at Dallas, he was\\nreceived by the military, the civic associations, and an immense con-\\ncourse of people, and his stay while in that city was one continued ova-\\ntion. Men, women, and children were never satisfied until they had\\n42", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0723.jp2"}, "722": {"fulltext": "658 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nan opportiiiiity ui seeing their honored guest, and mothers were proud\\nto have him lay his hands upon their children by way of recognition.\\nThe people from every part of the State were sending committees for\\nhim to visit their particular sections or towns. He, however, found it\\nnecessary, from constant excitement and fatigue, to leave for his home\\nin Memphis. On his way thither at Marshall, Texas, he was accorded\\nthe same hearty welcome and complimentary attentions that had been\\ngiven him during his entire journey through the country. In fact, he\\nwas entertained and honored throughout the State more like a victorious\\ngeneral passing through the country on a triumphal march, after win-\\nning great battles, than a disfranchised citizen, the representative of a\\nlost cause, with no emoluments or gifts to bestow, nothing being left\\nhim but his honor, his great brain, and his true and noble heart beating\\nand hoping for the prosperity and happiness of his people.\\nAfter he passed the borders of the State he was quite exhausted from\\nhis extended travel and hand-shaking. This trip made a lasting im-\\npression upon him. He loved to dwell on his visit to the Lone Star\\nState, and the welcome he received while there. It was the first really\\ngrand ovation that had been given him after the surrender of the armies\\nof the Confederate States. My heart beats proudly when I think my\\nState should be the first to publicly honor the man, not for his successes\\nand the honors he had to bestow, but for the cause he represented and\\nhis own personal worth. Moreover, during his stay with us offers came\\nfrom various localities tendering him a suitable and comfortable home\\nif he would but consent to remain or return to the State. These offers\\nhe politely declined, as he had previously those of the same character\\nfrom other States. Of late years he had many pressing invitations to\\nvisit Texas again. Circumstances prevented his coming.\\nVISIT OF TEXANS TO MR. DAVIS.\\nI have described his visit to our home in 1875. Now I will tell you\\nabout a visit made by a party of Texans to his home in Mississippi dur-\\ning the exposition at New Orleans.\\nHaving stated to a friend or two that I intended visiting Mr. Davis,\\nit was mentioned at the hotel late in the evening, and on the following\\nmorning fifty-five Texans were at the train (a few ladies among them).\\nGovernor Ireland and the present Governor, James S. Hogg, were of the\\nparty. Arriving at Beauvoir, the home of Mr. Davis, we were received\\nby him and his peerless wife with great courtesy and kindness. We were\\nwelcomed as Texans, the people of that State that had showered upon\\nhim so much honor and hospitality, and I venture to assert that every\\none of that party left delighted to have seen and taken by the hand the\\ndignified master of Beauvoir. He recalled that visit many a time with\\npleasure, so appreciative was he of the attention of the company in\\ngoing so far to see him.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0724.jp2"}, "723": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX.\\n659\\nGentlemen of the Senate: The donors of this portrait of Mr. Davis\\ndesire to place it in your chamber to preserve his face to future genera-\\ntions. These are their words.\\nThat is good, and you must endeavor to plant the truth, the whole\\ntruth, and nothing but the truth about him in their memory. In order\\nto do this, you must take notice, as Mr. Ridpath, the historian, says,\\nthat there are two Jefferson Davises in history. I quote a paragraph\\nfrom his pen:\\nLest any foreigner shall read this article, let me say for his benefit\\nthat there are two JefTerson Davises in American history\u00e2\u0080\u0094 one is a con-\\nspirator, a rebel, a traitor, and the fiend of Andersonville. He is a\\nmyth evolved from the hell-smoke of cruel war, as purely imaginary a\\npersonage as Mephistopheles or the Hebrew devil. The other is a\\nstatesman with clean hands and pure heart, who served his people faith-\\nfully from budding manhood to hoary age, without thought of self, with\\nunbending integrity, and to the best of his great ability; he was a man\\nof whom all his countrymen who knew him personally without distinc-\\ntion of creed political are proud, and pioud that he was their country-\\nman.\\nNow I am willing to do my share of teaching for the benefit of future\\ngenerations. I speak from my own knowledge, and can not permit the\\npresent opportunity to pass without placing upon record a positive de-\\nnial of the assertion that Mr. Davis was cruel to Federal prisoners.\\nFEDERAL PRISONERS.\\nNo man on earth more than Mr. Davis desired to see prisoners sup-\\nplied with necessaries, and to have them exchanged as rapidly as pos-\\nsible. It must be borne in mind that it was almost impossible at times\\nfor the Confederate States to feed their armies, and in very many in-\\nstances, from the vigorous blockade kept up, it became impossible to get\\nthe necessary food and medicines for the sick. The families of the citi-\\nzen soldiery near the battlefield frequently suffered for the necessaries\\nof life. The Confederate States were in no way responsible for the non-\\nexchange of prisoners.\\nMedicines were declared contraband of war. Such an urgent necessity\\nexisted at one time for medicines that the Confederate government\\noffered to make purchase of medicine from the United States authorities,\\nto be used exclusively for the relief of Federal prisoners. They offered\\nto pay gold, cotton, or tobacco for them, and even two or three prices if\\nrequired.\\nAt the same time assurances were given that the medicines would be\\nused exclusively in the treatment of Federal prisoners, and moreover,\\nagreed, if it was insisted on, that such medicines might be brought into\\nthe Confederate lines by the United States surgeons, and dispensed by\\nthem. To this offer, incredible as it may appear, no reply was ever re-\\nceived. On Januaiy 2, 1863, Mr. Davis says Mr. Alex. H. Stephens,\\nVice-President, received full authority, and with entire cointelligence", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0725.jp2"}, "724": {"fulltext": "LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nbetween them, undertook the mission to Washington to insure the ob-\\nservance of the cartel and otherwise promote, as far as possible, human-\\nity in the existing war. He was traveling under a flag of truce. He\\nstated in general terms the object of his mission, and asked permission\\nto proceed to Washington. The officer telegraphed to his government at\\nWashington, and was answered, The request is inadmissible, etc. A\\nsingle paragraph from the letter borne by Mr. Stephens will indicate\\nthe general object of his mission\\nMy whole purpose is to place this war on the footing of such as are\\nwaged by civilized people in modern time, and to divest it of the savage\\ncharacter which has been imposed on it by our enemies in spite of all\\nour efforts and protests. War is full enough of unavoidable horrors,\\nunder all its aspects, to justify and even demand of any Christian ruler,\\nwho may be unhappily engaged in carrying it on, to seek to restrict its\\ncalamities and to divest it of all unnecessary severities.\\nColonel Ould, in July, 1863, wrote to Lieutenant-Colonel Ludlow,\\nUnited States commissioner of exchange, thus:\\nAlthough you have many thousands of our soldiers now in confine-\\nment in your prisons, and especially in that horrible hold of death. Fort\\nDelaware, you have not, for several weeks, sent us any prisoners. Dur-\\ning those weeks you have dispatched Captain Mulford with the steamer\\nNew York to City Point three or four times without any provisions. I\\nask you with no purpose of disrespect, what can you think of this covert\\nattempt to secure the delivery of all your prisoners in our hands without\\nthe release of those of ours who are languishing in hopeless misery in\\nyour prisons and dungeons?\\nRobert Ould\\nCommissioner of Exchange.\\nMr. Davis, when writing to General Lee for rejjort as to his failure to\\nget proper exchanges, received only for his answer his frequent reply:\\nWe have done everything in our power to mitigate the suffering of\\nprisoners, and there is no just cause of further responsibility on our\\npart.\\nWhy pursue this subject further? Suffice it to say, that hundreds\\nof pages could be furnished showing that President Davis did all that\\nman could do toward caring properly for Federal prisoners, and sought\\nin every possible way to obtain prompt exchanges.\\nHistory shows that the United States prisoners held by the\\nConfederate States were 270,000\\nConfederate prisoners held by United States were 220,000\\nUnited States prisoners died in Confederate hands 22,000\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Confederate prisoners died in United States hands 26,000\\nThus it appears that the Confederates, with an excess of 50,000 pris-\\noners, had 4000 less deaths.\\nWhy should this have been so with all of the advantages with the\\nUnited States in having plenty and good food and medical attentions?\\nWhere should the censure rest?", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0726.jp2"}, "725": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 661\\nCHARGE OF TREASON.\\nNow, 1-iglit here, about that charge of treason, 1 must say a few words.\\nSoon after Mr. Davis capture rumors of every kind were rife in the\\nland. He was to be tried by a drum-head court martial at once as\\naccessory to the murder of Abraham Lincoln, and also for high treason.\\nThe charge as to his connection in any waj^ with the death of Mr. Lin-\\ncoln was so revolting and absurd among those of the North that knew\\nMr. Davis character, that it soon was hushed and given up. Then they\\nmust prepare for his speedy trial for treason, and he was denounced\\nover the land as a traitor. His case was immediately taken charge of\\nby Mr. O Conor, of New York, and other distinguished la^vyers. They\\nsoon had his case ready for trial under the indictment found. After\\ntwo years of weary discomfort and incarceration at Fortress Monroe,\\nhe was bailed and permitted to leave the United States, and when it was\\nfinally announced that he would be tried he appeared in court more than\\nwilling to answer to every charge, when without much ceremony he was\\ndischarged, his bondsmen released, and he permitted to go free. It is.\\nwell authenticated that Chief Justice Chase declared that he could not\\nbe convicted of treason, and the government of the United States deter-\\nmined wisely not to make the issue.\\nThus should have been put to rest forever the charge of treason, and\\nthe time will come when history will blot out the epithet of traitor so\\nblatantly used by politicians and others of the present day, who have\\nnever yet comprehended the situation at the time of the separation of\\nthe States.\\nThe time has not yet come, however, for it was only the other day,\\njust the day before you passed your resolutions in the Senate, I clipped\\nfrom the Houston Post of February 18, 1891, this paragraph copied by\\nit from the Illinois State Journal:\\nThe Fort Worth Gazette says the first monument to the honor, in-\\ntegrity, statesmanship, and manhood of Jefferson Davis is about to be\\nunveiled at Pensacola, Florida. The Gazette glorifies the occasion to the\\nextent of half a column. The affection of the South for the leader of\\nthe lost cause is possibly natural, but the erection of monuments to ex-\\nploit treason is a matter of doubtful propriety.\\nNow, right here I will give you the words of INIr. Davis:\\nA traitor is one who violates his allegiance, and betrays his country.\\nA rebel is one who revolts from the country to which he owes\\nallegiance.\\nHe held that his allegiance was due to his State, and was loyal to his\\nState in following her fortunes after she withdrew from the Union. A\\ncitizen s allegiance to the Federal government comes only through his\\nallegiance to his State, for the Federal government was only the agent\\nof the States which formed it, and they never surrendered their sover-\\neignty to it.\\nMr. Davis was often charged with obstinacy and hatred towards the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0727.jp2"}, "726": {"fulltext": "662 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\ngoveinDient, because he failed to petition for pardon and his restoration\\nto citizenship. Those making this charge failed to estimate the char-\\nacter of this model man. He was conscious of having perpetrated no\\nwrong; to ask pardon would imply that he had been guilty of crimes\\ntowards the government of the United States, which was sufficient to\\ndetermine him as to his course, and, above all, he was the representative\\nof millions of devoted men and women who believed with him that he\\nwas suffering vicarious punishment for them, and his noble soul would\\nnot permit him to brand them either as traitors or rebels, but to stand\\nfirmly and digniliedly on the assertion that they were a free and sover-\\neign people.\\nYes, gentlemen of the Legislature, let us understand this matter well\\nourselves, and then hand down the truth to our children that a man\\ncould be charged with treason and yet be a statesman with clean hands\\nand pure heart. We all know that eighteen hundred years ago Jesus\\nof Nazareth was brought before the high priest, accused of blasphemy by\\nthe very nation that possessed the greatest religiovxs knowledge of the\\ntimes, and yet to-day he is the prophet, priest, and king of the most\\nintelligent nations of the earth. He is our light in religion and our hope\\nof heaven. And in this generation Jefferson Davis is charged with\\ntreason by a government whose people above all are the most enlightened\\nin the science of government, when we all do know how true he was in\\nhis allegiance to the Constitution. Then let us build monuments to his\\nmemory and hand down his political teachings to our children, that they\\nmay understand how to preserve for their own happiness and prosperity\\na government of the people, by the people, and for the people.\\nThe citizens of Washington County are on that line now, when they\\nask you, gentlemen of the Senate, to place that portrait in your cham-\\nber. Though silent, it will teach great political truths to us and future\\ngenerations.\\nSo many versions have been given of the capture of Jefferson Davis\\nthat at the expense of fatiguing you, my friends, I must reproduce here\\na letter written by me for the Southern Historical Papers on August 2,\\n1877. It occurs to me to do so because I was asked a few days ago by a\\ngentleman in high position in the State government if President Davis\\nwas captured in a woman s dress. As you all know, I was with him on\\nthat occasion, and I have in my memory that exciting and sorrowful\\njourney from Richmond; but I only wish to set at rest once again this\\nidle tale, that even some of our own people may believe. Here is the\\nletter:\\nGalveston, August 2, 1S77.\\nMaj. W. T. Walthall: Dear Sir Yours of the 28th came to hand a\\nday or two since, finding me very busy. At the earliest moment I\\nperused the article you alluded to in your letter, which appeared in the\\nWeekhj Times of Philadelphia of July 7th.\\nIt does really appear that certain parties with a view of keeping\\nthemselves before the public will continue to write the most base.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0728.jp2"}, "727": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 663\\ncalumnious, and slanderous articles, calculated to keep the wounds of\\nthe past open and sore. Such a writer now appears in Gen. James H.\\nWilson, whose sole aim seems to be that of traducing and misrepresent-\\ning the circumstances of the capture of President Davis and his small\\nparty, who, as it appears, were pursued by some 15,000 gallant soldiers\\ncommanded by this distinguished general (Wilson). I shall leave it to\\nyou and others better qualified than myself to reply to this chapter of\\nthe unwritten history of the war.\\nI have this, however, to say: I left Richmond with President Davis\\nin the same car, and from that day to the time of our separation, he\\nbeing detained at Fortress Monroe and I sent to Fort Delaware, he was\\nseldom out of my sight day or night. The night before the morning of\\nour capture Col. William Preston Johnston slept very near the tent of\\nMrs. Davis, with whose party (Mrs. Davis we had accidentally fallen\\nin. Mr. Davis and his party had no tents. But Mr. Davis was in Mrs.\\nDavis tent that night. Col. John Taylor Wood and myself were under\\na pine tree some fifty or one hundred feet off. Just before day, a light\\nrain falling, and very cold, I was aroused by sharp firing. I imme-\\ndiately prepared for an emergency, and was ready in a few moments\\nwith my horse saddled for a move. Very soon our camp was surrounded\\nby mounted men. I was commanded to surrender, and an attempt was\\nmade to rob me. I refused to give up my things, such as saddle bags,\\nMexican blanket, etc. The firing continued. I abused the Federal sol-\\ndiers around me, and told them they had better repair to the firing and\\nstop it, as they were slaughtering their own men. As soon as there was\\nsufficient li,ght they discovered that they had been fighting with their\\nown soldiers and had killed and wounded quite a number. In a few\\nmoments I joined Mr. Davis and his family. I saw nothing of any at-\\ntempted disguise, neither did I hear anything of it until some time after\\nI had been in Fort Delaware. I then pronounced it a base falsehood.\\nWe were guarded by the Fourth Michigan cavalry, commanded by\\nColonel Pritchard, until we reached Fortress Monroe. I talked freely\\nwith officers and men, and on no occasion did I hear anything of the\\nkind mentioned. Judge Reagan and myself had made a compact that\\nwe would never desert or leave Mr. Davis, remaining to contribute if\\npossible to his comfort and well being and to share his fortunes what-\\never might befall. My bod mate. Col. J. T. Wood, one of the bravest\\nand purest of men, having been a naval officer of the United States, and\\nhaving been charged with a violation of the laws of nations in certain\\ncaptures he had made, deemed it prudent to make his escape. He in-\\nformed me of his intentions and invited mo to accompany him. I de-\\nclined to avail myself of the favorable opportunity presented, telling him\\nof my compact with Judge Reagan. He did make good his escape, land-\\ning in Cuba with General Breckenridge and Mr. Benjamin, members of\\nthe Davis cabinet. The conduct of the captors on that occasion (the\\ncapture) was marked by anything but decency and soldierly bearing.\\nThey found no preparation for defense and encountered no resistance\\nwhatever. Mr. Davis, Judge Reagan, Col. William Preston Johnston,", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0729.jp2"}, "728": {"fulltext": "664 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nCol. John Taylor Wood, a young soldier, Barnwell, of South Carolina,\\nwho also escaped, and myself, constitiited the President s party. Col.\\nBurton N. Harrison, the private secretary of the President, and a few\\nparoled soldiers, were with Mrs. Davis and her family, protecting them\\nwith their baggage, etc. Upon taking the carnp they plundered and\\nrobbed every one of all and every article they could get hold of. They\\nstole the watches, jewelry, money, clothing, etc. I was the only one of\\nthe party not robbed. The man and patriot who but a few days before\\nwas at the head of a government was treated by his captors with un-\\ncalled for indignity, so much so that I became completely exasperated\\nand unhinged, and demanded of the officers to protect him from insult,\\nthreatening to kill the parties engaged in such conduct. Mrs. Davis was\\nrobbed of her horses, her own personal property presented to her by the\\npeople of Richmond. The money, for which she sold valuables, jewelry,\\nsilverware, etc., was stolen, and no effort was made to have it returned\\nto her. Time and time again it was promised that the watches, money,\\netc., stolen should be returned, that the command would be paraded and\\nthe stolen property returned to the owners. But it was never done, nor\\nany attempt made to do so. A Captain Douglas stole Judge Reagan s\\nsaddle and used it from the day we were captured. They appropriated\\nour horses and other property.\\nBut why dwell upon this wretchedly disagreeable subject? I hope\\nand pray that the whole truth will some day be written, and I feel\\nassured when it is done we of the South will stand to all time a vin-\\ndicated people. As for him who is the target for all of these miserable\\nscribblers and those unscrupulous and corrupt men living on the abuse\\nheaped on the Southern people, fanning the embers of the late war,\\nwhen he is gone hence history will write him as one of the truest and\\npurest of men, a dignified and bold soldier, an intelligent statesman, a\\nman whose whole aim in life was to benefit his people and his country.\\nI knew him well. I have been with him in prosperity and adversity,\\nand have ever found him good and true. How wretched the spirit that\\nwill continue to traduce such a man. How miserable and contemptible\\nthe party that will refuse to recognize such a man as a citizen of the\\ncountry, in whose defense his best days were spent and his blood freely\\nshed. I have the honor to be, yours respectfully,\\nF. R. Lubbock.\\nI\\nThe above letter was sustained by papers from Colonels Johnston,\\nWood, and Harrison of the President s staflT, and the Hon. John H.\\nReagan, Postmaster-General of the Confederate States. I will add a\\nfew words from parties in the Federal army.\\nJames H. Parker, of Ebernsville, Pa., in writing to the Argus, of\\nPortland, Me., in speaking of Mr. Davis, says:\\nWhen it was known that he was certainly taken, some newspaper\\ncorrespondent (I knew his name at the time) fabricated the story about\\nhis disguise in an old woman s dress. I heard the whole matter talked\\nover as a good joke, and the officers who knew better never took the", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0730.jp2"}, "729": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. G6.\\ntrouble to deny it. Perhaps they thought the Confederate President\\ndeserved all the contempt that could be put upon him. I thought so,\\ntoo, only I never would perpetrate a falsehood that by any means\\nwould become history. And further, I never would slander a woman\\nwho has shown so much devotion as Mrs. Davis has to her husband. No\\nmatter how wicked he is or may have been, I defy any person to find\\na single officer or soldier who was present at the capture of Jefferson\\nDavis who will say upon honor that he was disguised in women s clothes,\\nor that his wife acted in any way unladylike or undignified on that\\noccasion. I go for trying him for his crimes, and if he is found guilty\\npunishing him. But I would not lie about him when the truth will\\nmake it bad enough.\\nT. H. Peabody, a la^vjer of St. Louis, one of the captors of Mr. Davis,\\nin a speech before Ransom Post, G. A. R., a few days after the death of\\nMr. Davis said:\\nJefferson Davis was captured by the Fourth Michigan cavalry on\\nthe early morning of May 10, 1865, at Irwinton, in southern Georgia.\\nWith him were Mr. Eeagan of Texas, his Postmaster-General, Captain^\\nMoody of Mississippi, an old neighbor of the Davis family, Governor\\nLubbock of Texas, Colonels Harrison and Johnston of his staff^ Mrs.\\nDavis and her four children Maggie aged 10, Jeff 8, Willie 5, and a\\ngirl baby (Winnie), a brother and sister of Mrs. Davis, a white and one\\ncolored servant woman, a small force of cavalry, a few others, a small\\ntrain of horses, mules, wagons, and an ambulance. Among the horses\\nwas a span of carriage horses presented to Mrs. Davis by citizens of\\nRichmond during the heyday of the Confederacy, also a splendid saddle\\nhorse, the pride of the ex-President himself. On the eleventh day of\\nMay, the next day after the capture, and while on our way back to\\nMacon, as officer of the guard over the distinguished prisoner, I rode\\nby the side of Mr. Reagan, now senator from Texas. I found him a\\nvery fine gentleman. During that day s march a courier from ^lacon\\nnotified us in printed slips of the $100,000 reward offered for Mr. Davis\\ncapture, which notice connected Mr. Davis with the assassination of\\nPresident Lincoln. When Mr. Reagan read the notice he earnestly pro-\\ntested that Mr. Davis had no connection whatever with the sorrowful\\naffair. History has shown he had none. Besides the suit of men s\\nclothes worn by INIr. Davis, he had on when captured Mrs. Davis large\\nwater-proof cloak or robe, thrown on over his fine gray suit, and a\\nblanket shawl thrown over his head and shoulders. This shawl and\\nrobe were finally deposited in the archives of the War Department at\\nWashington by order of Secretary Stanton.\\nThe story of the hoopskirt, sunbonnet and calico wrapper has no\\nreal existence, and was started in the fertile brain of the reporters and\\nin the illustrated papers of the day.\\nMembers of the Legislature and ladies and gentlemen, I fear that I\\nhave already detained you too long. 1 feel, however, that I could not\\nsay less. I have endeavored to give you something of the character,\\nability, and usefulness of the great man whose portrait is presented", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0731.jp2"}, "730": {"fulltext": "666 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nto you this day. I have done so in my plain, unvarnished manner.\\nWould that I could have done so in beautiful and elegant language and\\ngrand oratory.\\nI would say only a few words about his departure from us. I had\\nprayed Providence in His kindness that should I survive my grand old\\nchief so dearly loved that I might have health and strength to pay the\\nlast sad duty of respect and love to him. This was granted to me. I\\nwas a chosen pall-bearer, and followed him to his last resting place.\\nI had been with him on many a journey at home and abroad, in peace\\nand in war, in victory and defeat, while in high positions of State and\\nas disfranchised citizens, and the estimate that I placed upon the man\\nwas in keeping with the princely obsequies made for him by the people\\nof the South. It was a grand sight to behold the vast throngs that\\nhad gathered from all parts of the country to view the remains of the\\ndistinguished dead. It seemed as though Providence had brought him\\nto die in the great city of the South, so approachable from every por-\\ntion of the Union, and gave the most lovely day for the ceremonies.\\nNever has there been gathered so many thousands of mourners at the\\nburial of a mortal man.\\nI do not know how better I can conclude my remarks than to repeat\\nwhat I said at the mass meeting of the Confederate Veterans on the\\nday of the burial. General Gordon was in the chair\\nHonorable Commander: What can I add to the beautiful and\\npatriotic speeches that have been made to-night by the distinguished\\nveterans assembled to do honor to the memory of our illustrious chief-\\ntain. I must venture, however, to utter a few words to give relief to my\\naching heart. Standing in the grand rotunda of the capitol at Austin,\\nTexas, when the news was announced that Jefferson Davis had passed\\nover the river, from the fulness of my heart I said: Jefferson Davis\\ndead! Then the light of the greatest and and best man of the century\\nhas been extinguished. Jefferson Davis! the embodiment of patriotism,\\nthe true soldier, the intelligent statesman, the ripe scholar, the refined\\ngentleman, and above all, the earnest follower of Christ. Sir, it was\\nmy good fortune to be most intimately connected with this great and\\nnoble man. From this association I soon learned to love him for his\\nnoble manhood, his devotion to his country, in his earnestness in the\\ndischarge of the great trusts committed to his hands by a devoted and\\nadmiring people, and for his tender care of those connected with him,\\nhis suavity to his inferiors in rank, his fair dealing in all things with\\nall men. I loved him for his grand heart. I took pleasure in being\\nnear him and listening to his conversation so full of intelligence, so\\nchaste, so elegant, and there was soul in it all. My comrades, he was\\na grand man, the greatest, all in all, his country has produced. They\\nsay he is dead, comrades. He is beyond our sight, but he is not dead.\\nHe lives with Lee, Stonewall Jackson, and Albert Sydney Johnston and\\nothers of our great and pure men. As the distinguished bishop said to-\\nday, when on the December midnight the worn warrior joined the ranks\\nof the patient and prevailing ones, who loved their land with love far", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0732.jp2"}, "731": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 667\\nbrought, if one of the miglity dead gave the challenge, Art thou of us?\\nhe answered: I am here. Yes, we all know such as he make up the\\nkingdom of heaven. He is not dead. He lives a higher life above. He\\nis not dead, though we have laid him in the tomb. For he lives in our\\nhearts, and he will ever live in the hearts of our children.\\nAt the moment of presentation, the portrait was unveiled bv Miss\\nIma Hogg.\\nHon. George C. Pendleton, Lieutenant-Governor, and ex officio presi-\\ndent of the Senate, received the portrait on behalf of the Senate, in\\nan eloquent address. The hall was filled to its full seating capacity,\\nmany ladies being present, and the program carried out was interesting\\nand instructive.\\nHon. R. T. Milner, speaker of the House, occupied a seat on the\\nright of Lieutenant-Governor Pendleton, and members of the House\\nseats that had been prepared for them.\\nMILITARY BOARD.\\nEfforts to negotiate the United States Texas indemnity bonds by\\nGeo. H. Giddings and Maj. Pryor Lea failing, the board issued a circu-\\nlar address to the people proposing to buy cotton from them, pay for\\nsame in 8 per cent State bonds, have the cotton hauled to Mexico, sell\\nit there, and with the proceeds purchase machinery, arms, munitions\\nof war, and other needed supplies. The circular met with a prompt\\nresponse. Competent agents (W. R. Thomas, I. H. Thomason, J. L. Gay,\\nJ. F. Roberts, W. B. P. Gaines, M. K. Ryan, A. S. Drennan, John P.\\nKey, C. L. Cleveland, and John M. Dancy) were employed, who, accord-\\ning to a report made by the board to the Ninth Legislature, in Febru-\\nary, 1863, had purchased to that date 3659 bales of cotton, which had\\nbeen hauled to points on the lower Rio Grande and sold to good ad-\\nvantage, enabling the board to successfully inaugurate plans it had de-\\ncided upon for the comfort and protection of the people of Texas.\\nOn the 31st of March last, says the report, the board appointed\\nJames T. D. Wilson (of Houston) as agent, with directions to proceed\\nto Mexico and purchase arms, munitions of war, clothing, and shoes. A\\nportion of the business entrusted to Mr. Wilson it is not deemed com-\\npatible with the public interest to make public, but will be fully ex-\\nplained by the board to the honorable committee. The board furnished\\nMr. Wilson with some means, and issued ample instructions to guide\\nhim in his mission. Mr. Wilson could not make use of a portion of the\\nvaluables entrusted to him, but succeeded in purchasing an invoice of\\npowder, caps, and lead, and a small lot of bagging and rope.\\nHe executed his agency with promptness and efficiency and would ac-\\ncept no compensation for his services, except the actual outlay for\\ntraveling expenses. On the 20th of April, 1802, the board ex-\\ntended the appointment of agent to Mr. John M. Moore, of Corpus", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0733.jp2"}, "732": {"fulltext": "668 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nChristi, a gentleman well acquainted with the Mexican market, with\\ninstructions to visit Mexico for the purpose of purchasing arms, muni-\\ntions of war, and other articles of necessity. The board agreed to place\\nat the disposal of Mr. Moore from 2000 to 4000 bales of cotton. Under\\nthis agreement he has furnished goods to the amount of $106,154.67.\\nUp to December 25th, the date of his report, 1133 bales of cotton\\nwere delivered to him, 153 bales were at the depot at San Antonio await-\\ning transportation. December 31st the board had outstanding contracts\\nfor the delivery of cotton to it valued at $60,000. At that time $150,-\\n000 or $200,000 worth of goods were at the mouth of the Rio Grande\\nawaiting facilities to land, and other large consignments were on the\\nway. The amount expended for cotton [covering a limited period. Ed.]\\nto December 31st is stated at $143,274.96, and for ordnance and other\\nmilitary stores, machinery and other articles of prime necessity $64,-\\n015.09.\\nAmong the agents who rendered especial service to the State by their\\nintelligence, business ability, and zeal may be mentioned R. D. G.\\nMills and Ball, Hutchings Co. of Galveston; John M. Swisher Co.\\n(Swisher was a San Jacinto veteran) and Lavenburg Bro., of Aus-\\ntin; M. N. Rogers, of Georgetown, and Droege, Oetling Co., of Mata-\\nmoros. Through Ball, Hutchings Co. 50,000 wool and cotton cards\\nwere imported by way of Brownsville and distributed to the people of\\nTexas at $5 to $10 per pair. The price charged in the open market at\\nthat time was from $25 to $40 per pair. Consequently from $1,250,000\\nto $2,000,000 were saved to our people on this transaction. The suc-\\ncess attending this single effort and the good results flowing from it\\nwere sufficient, if nothing more had been accomplished, to sustain the\\nwisdom of the Legislature in creating the board.\\nIn order to clothe the soldiers and help soldiers wives and widows,\\nwe employed the latter to make clothing for the army, and the base-\\nment of the capitol was turned into a sewing room; sometimes as\\nmany as 100 would be at work.\\nLater we imported machinery for the manufacture of cards. There-\\nupon Eubanks Co. established a card factory in Williamson County,\\nsome other private individuals embarked in the business, and we made\\nsome at the penitentiary. With additional importations that we suc-\\nceeded in making, the public need in this direction was soon amply sup-\\nplied.\\nTo December 31st the board had entered into contracts with Tucker,\\nSherrod Co., of Lancaster, Dallas County; Whitecarver, Campbell\\nCo., of Rusk, Cherokee County; Billups Hassel, of Plenitude, Andterson\\nCounty: Short, Biscoe Co., of Tyler, Smith County, and N. B. Tanner,\\nof Bastrop, for the manufacture of ai ms, aggregating 6000 rifles (part of\\nthe Mississippi and part of the Enfield type, and about one-half with bay-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Ball Hatchings Co. engaged actively and extensively in shipping cotton into\\nMexico, and became successsul blockade runners employing in the latter service\\nforeign vessels that before the close of the war arrived at and departed from Galves-\\nton on every change or dark of the moon with almost the regularity of mail steamers.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0734.jp2"}, "733": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX.\\nonet attachment), and 3000 sixshooters, the hitter to be made by\\nTucker, Sherrod Co. The board made liberal advances to the parties\\n(secured by good bonds) to enable them to establish the necessary plants\\nand carry out their contracts. This they had some difficulty in doing\\nowing to scarcitjf of material and labor. The mechanics, like all other\\nclasses, had volunteered to fight the battles of the country, and it proved\\nimpossible to get a sufficient number of competent men detailed from\\nthe army. Insurmountable as these obstacles vi^ould appear, they were\\nin a measure overcome and large quantities of arms of good quality\\nwere manufactured, delivered to the board and supplied to our soldiers.\\nAided by the board, William Rowan had established a powder mill at\\nWaxahachie, George Pfeiffer one at Corpus Christi, Constantino Foster\\none in Burnet County, and W. H. D. Carrington and associates one in\\nTravis County. Later other mills were established at various points in\\nthe State where needed. The report says that the cannon foundry had\\nbeen put in successful operation by the able superintendent selected\\nby the board (VVm. McCarton), and that the sum of $33,523.11 had been\\nexpended for the necessary buildings, furnace, steam engine, tools, lum-\\nber for gun-ca rriages, and labor, and that the percussion cap factory\\nwas running full time and turning out large quantities of caps of su-\\nperior quality.\\nWe made in the State all the goods, arms, and munitions we could,\\nand used every means in our power to induce citizens to embark in\\nmanufacturing in all practicable lines, that, too, I am gratified to\\nsay, with success.\\nJohn F. Torrey, a man of great energy and sterling honesty, estab-\\nlished a flour mill and woolen mill at New Braunfels before the war,\\none of the earliest pioneer manufacturing enterprises in Texas. Aided\\nby the board, he greatly enlarged the plant, and together with the\\nRunges, of Galveston (citizens equally loyal to the South), established\\nan additional cotton and woolen mill in 1863, and turned out from his\\nestablishments large quantities of excellent flour, good cloth, and very\\nsuperior blankets. I knew Torrey intimately. He was a Texas veteran\\nand a true patriot.\\nOther men of pluck and enterprise, similarly encouraged, established\\nfactories in various parts of the State, realized good profits on capital\\ninvested, and contributed largely toward preventing our people from\\nabsolutely suffering for the necessaries of life during the war. Salt is\\nan article of prime necessity, the absence of which can be supplied by\\nno substitvite. A lump of it on the gold coast of Africa has been\\nknown to bring treble its weight in the precious metal. Fortunately we\\nhad an inexhaustible supply within our borders, at the salt lakes near\\nEl Paso, where the only labor required was to shovel it into carts at\\nGrand Saline, in Van Zandt County, an extensive prairie, where it was\\nprocured by digging shallow wells and evaporating the water; and the\\nsalines in the vicinty of Double Mountain, in Wise County. One of our\\nfirst moves was to take the necessary steps for the utilization of these", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0735.jp2"}, "734": {"fulltext": "670 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nvaluable deposits, and in a short time we could have supplied the entire\\nTrans-Mississippi Department had there been transportation facilities.\\nThe board particularly felicitated itself upon its connection with the\\npurchase and sale of the Bayou City, and the part that vessel took in the\\nbattle of Galveston, saying in that connection in the report to the Legis-\\nlature heretofore referred to: At the first establishment of the block-\\nade of Texas by the Federal government the frigate Santee was the\\nvessel employed. Being a sail vessel and of large size, the blockade\\nmight have been easily raised had she not succeeded in procuring sev-\\neral small vessels as tenders. It was believed, by parties esteemed\\ncompetent to judge, that if the steamer Bayou City was properly fitted\\nup she would be able to cope with the tenders of the Santee and thus\\nrender the blockade ineffectual, as she could destroy the small vessels\\nand probably sink the Santee. The board selected Capt. Henry S.\\nLubbock, an experienced steamboatman and engineer, to superintend\\nthe necessary alterations required. About the time of her completion\\nthe Santee disappeared and was replaced by several small light-draught\\nsteamers with powerful armaments. The principal objects for which\\nthe board pvirchased and altered the steamer being defeated by the in-\\ncrease and alteration of the blockading force, and the board, believing\\nthat the boat could be made very effective in the hands of the Con-\\nfederate government as a guard-boat, offered her to the general com-\\nmanding, who made the purchase. The part allotted to the Bayou\\nCity in the memorable battle of Galveston on the 1st of January last\\nwill become part of the written history of the war, and the board may be\\nallowed to congratulate themselves on the services she rendered. The\\namount outstanding on the books of the board to the debit of the\\nBayou City, which includes all charges, is $44,773.24. The board hold\\na certified account against the Confederate States for $50,000, the\\namount of her appraised value, which we hope will be liquidated in\\nthe course of a few weeks.\\nP. DeCordova, still a prominent citizen of Austin, was our secretary,\\nand performed his duties faithfully and efficiently at all times. We\\nwere so impressed with his accuracy, energy, and business capacity that,\\nwhen the Legislature appointed a different board at the expiration of\\nmy gvibernatorial term, we recommended him to be chosen one of its\\nmembers, and he was so chosen, and thereafter rendered good service to\\nTexas and the Confederacy.\\nIn view of the fact that it devolved on me as chairman, and on C. R.\\nJohns and C. H. Randolph as my associates, to perform the herculean\\ntask of putting Texas (at the beginning of the struggle totally unpre-\\npared) in condition for defense, and of immediately concentrating and\\ndeveloping her resources to an extent that would render her people self-\\nsustaining, and that, despite every obstacle, we succeeded, it is but just\\nto say that the board deserved the encomiiuns that were bestowed upon it\\nby an appreciative people, who on every and all occasions showed them-\\nselves ready to bestow the meed of praise upon those who labored hon-\\nestly, intelligently, and effectively in their interest.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0736.jp2"}, "735": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 671\\nMA?^ UFACTURE OF GOODS AT THP] STATE PENITEN-\\nTIARY IN 1861-2-3.\\nWhen 1 entered upon my executive duties I found Thomas Caruthers,\\nthe very efficient appointee of Governor Houston, superintendent and M.\\nC. Eodgers financial agent of the penitentiary. Rodgers had been ap-\\npointed by Governor Houston to succeed General Besser, who had served\\na very long time and with great ability. Houston, it seems, listened\\npatiently to the representations of a strong delegation from Walker and\\nother counties who urged him to retain Besser, inquired frequently if\\nhe had made a good record, and at last brought the interview to a close\\nby saying to the committee: Gentlemen, General Besser will be par-\\ndoned out in the morning. And so he was, and Rodgers appointed.\\nI promptly pardoned out Rodgers and reinstated Besser, who was\\nmuch the more competent man. Governor Houston himself frankly ad-\\nmitted to me that he had made a mistake when he removed such an\\nefficient man, though he had been there long enough.\\nThe truth is, frequent elections but no change of executive officers\\nwithout cause is the best policy for those citizens who desire not offices,\\nbut good government.\\nCaruthers I retained, believing him to be the right man for the place,\\na belief that was abundantly justified by results.\\nUpon the recommendation of the superintendent and my advice the\\nMilitary Board procured from Europe some much needed machinery,\\nwhich was supplemented by that our home artisans were able to manu-\\nfacture; and several important industries were put in successful opera-\\ntion at the penitentiary. Among other articles, good cotton sacking,\\ngood strong sheeting, first-class woolen goods, shoes, and wool hats were\\nturned out in sufficient quantities to meet in large measure the pressing\\nneeds of the people and Texas soldiers in the field.\\nThe penitentiary management was instructed to first supply goods\\nto the county courts for distribution among the families of soldiers\\nunable to make purchases, the courts to pay actual cost price for same,\\nthen to sell a limited amount to other citizens, and to dispose of the\\nremainder to the Confederate government. Under this system the insti-\\ntution was made self-sustaining and so continued until the end of my\\nadministration. In a message to the Tenth Legislature I said: The\\nfinancial condition of the penitentiary, as exhibited in the biennial re-\\nport of the agent, is most satisfactory. That report discloses\\nthe following:\\nCotton goods manufactured from December 1, 1801. to August 31,\\n1863, including 24,702.2 yards from late agent, 2,337.()G0.2 yards;\\nwoolens, including 1,841.3 yards from late agent, 293,298. 1 yards. The\\ntotal amount of sales in the same period was 2,308,716.3 yards cottons,\\nand 287,214.1 yards woolens, leaving a balance unsold of 28,962 yards\\ncottons, and 6,789.1 yards woolens. Of these sales the army received", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0737.jp2"}, "736": {"fulltext": "\u00c2\u00ab72 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\n1,276,920.3 cottons and 257,751.3 yards woolens, making largely over\\none-half the cottons and all the woolens, less 33,704.3 yards. The lunatic\\nasyhim received 2253 yards cottons and 602 yards woolens. The bal-\\nance, 1,029,543 yards cottons and 28,850.2 yards woolens were absorbed\\nby the penitentiary factory, clothing of convicts and employes, gen^^jy^j\\nsupplies for the institution, and families of soldiers and citizens.\\ngross earnings for the same period have been $1,174,439.07. The amount\\n-expended has been $468,653.40. Special deposit with State Treasure\\n$653,000; cash balance on hand September 1, 1863, $52,785.67. On the\\n15th of October, 1863, there was deposited with the State Treasurer\\nthe further sum of $147,000, making the whole sum paid into the\\ntreasury, $800,000.\\nThe institution has proven of incalculable benefit to the army. In\\nthe present condition of the country its importance rises to supreme\\nmagnitude.\\nAbout 300 convicts were worked, all of them within the walls, all\\nwhite, and a majority of them measurably intelligent. They were di-\\nrected by experts who acted as foremen, and who were employed on my\\nrecommendation.\\nI was in the city of Houston on a certain occasion in the year 1862.\\nThe hotel was crowded, and, to make me comfortable, the landlord of\\nthe Fannin House put me in the room of my friend General Houston.\\nThe general was quite fond of talking after retiring, if he had company.\\nAfter conversing for some time, he said: Governor Frank, you know\\nI voted for you. I traveled to Cedar Bayou box to do so, and I wish\\nto ask a favor of you.\\nProceed, General. I replied.\\nHe then went on to say that there was a man serving a term in the\\npenitentiary that should be pardoned, giving the name and the reasons\\nwhy he should be released.\\nGeneral, said I, he is a very important man to us. He is a trusty,\\nand is foreman of our shoe-shop, and we can not spare him.\\nWhy, Governor Franl would you keep a poor fellow in the pen\\nbecause you need his services?\\nTo this I made answer General, he is there. We are needing shoes\\nvery much for our soldiers, and I would dislike very much to lose so\\nvaluable a man.\\nHe made some reply that caused me to remark General, you were\\nGovernor some time. If he was such a deserving object of favor, why\\nwas it you failed to exercise the pardoning power?\\nGovernor Frank, I thank you for the word, and I will tell you the\\nreason of the failure. I had the papers all prepared and they were upon\\nmy desk for action upon them. I got up quite early the next morning,\\nbut upon arriving at my office I found little Eddy Clark in my chair\\nclaiming to be Governor. I presume he must have gotten up before day-\\nlight so as to precede me in possession. Governor Frank, that is the\\nreason I failed to sign the papers; all of which facts I can prove by\\n-my Secretary of State, Major Cave.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0738.jp2"}, "737": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. 67?\\nI promised him I would look into the case, and a few months after\\npardoned the man at his request.\\nIn my efforts to make the convicts useful to the struggling country,\\nI did not overlook what was due to them. In one of my letters to the\\n-\u00e2\u0096\u00a0rintendent I instructed him to permit a Catholic priest, who asked\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0mission to do so, to administer to his church members early Sunday\\ntnorning before the hour for services by the chaplain of the institution.\\ndeclined to take the day of rest from them at the eager demand of\\npublic necessity. The convicts were kept busily employed, but were not\\noverworked; were no expense to the taxpayers; became skilled in useful\\ntrades; and, realizing that they were rendering service to the country,\\nresumed that measure of self-respect needed to fit them for ultimate\\nrestoration to liberty. This experience convinced me fully of the value\\nof this system, and of the utter folly and perniciousness of any system\\nembodying the maintenance of convicts in idleness.\\nINTEEESTING HISTOEICAL DOCUMENT.\\nThe following treaty, negotiated upon the part of the United States\\nby John C. Calhoun, and upon the part of Texas by Isaac Van Zandt\\nand J. Pinckney Henderson, was rejected by the United States Senate\\nin April, 1844, and has never (so far as my knowledge extends) been\\npublished in any Texas history or book of memoirs. By perusing it the\\nreader will see how much better terms Texas obtained under the annexa-\\ntion resolutions than were proposed in the treaty:\\nA treaty of annexation, concluded between the United States of\\nAmerica and the Republic of Texas, at Washington, the 12th day of\\nApril, 1844.\\nThe people of Texas having, at the time of adopting their Constitu-\\ntion, expressed, by an almost unanimous vote, their desire to be in-\\ncorporated into the Union of the United States, and being still desirous-\\nof the same with equal unanimity, in order to provide more effectually\\nfor their security and prosperity; and the United States, actuated\\nsolely by the desire to add to their own security and prosperity, and to\\nmeet the wishes of the government and people of Texas, having deter-\\nmined to accomplish, by treaty, objects so important to their mutual\\nand permanent welfare.\\nFor that purpose, the President of the United States has given full\\npowers to John C. Calhoun, Secretary of State of the said United\\nStates, and the President of the Republic of Texas has appointed, with\\nlike powers, Isaac Van Zandt and J. Pinckney Henderson, citizens of the\\nsaid Republic, and the said plenipotentiaries, after exchanging their full\\npowers, have agreed on and concluded the following articles:\\nArticle 1. The Republic of Texas, acting in conformity with the\\nwishes of the people and every department of its Government, cedes to\\nthe United States all its territories, to be held by them in full property\\n43", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0739.jp2"}, "738": {"fulltext": "674 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nand sovereignty, and to be annexed to the said United States as one of\\ntheir Territories, subject to the same constitutional provisions with their\\nother Territories. This cession includes all public lots and squares, va-\\ncant lands, mines, minerals, salt lakes and springs, public edifices, for-\\ntifications, barracks, ports and harbors, navy and navy yards, docks,\\nmagazines, arms, armaments, and accoutrements, archives and public\\ndocuments, public funds, debts, taxes and dues unpaid at the time of the\\nexchange of the ratification of this treaty.\\nArticle II. The citizens of Texas shall be incorporated into the\\nUnion of the United States, maintained and protected in the free en-\\njoyment of their liberty and property, and admitted, as soon as may\\nbe consistent w^ith the principles of the Federal Constitution, to the\\nenjoyment of all the rights, privileges, and immunities, of citizens of\\nthe United States.\\nArticle III. All titles and claims to real estate, which are valid un-\\nder the laws of Texas, shall be held to be so by the United States: and\\nmeasures shall be adopted for the speedy adjudication of all unsettled\\nclaims to land, and patents shall be granted to those found to be valid.\\nArticle IV. The public lands hereby ceded shall be subject to the\\nlaws regulating the public lands in the other Territories of the United\\nStates, as far as they may be applicable; subject, however, to such al-\\nterations and changes as Congress may from time to time think proper\\nto make. It is understood between the parties, that, if in consequence\\nof the mode in which lands have been surveyed in Texas, or from ])re-\\nvious grants or locations, the sixteenth section cannot be applied to\\nthe purpose of education. Congress shall make equal provision by grant\\nof land elsewhere. And it is also further understood, that, hereafter,\\nthe books, papers, and documents of the General Land Office of Texas\\nshall be deposited and kept at such place in Texas as the Congress of\\ntlie United States shall direct.\\nArticle V. The United States assume and agree to pay the jiublic\\ndebts and liabilities of Texas, however created, for which the faith or\\ncredit of her government may be bound at the time of the exchange of\\nthe ratifications of this treaty; which debts and liabilities are esti-\\nmated not to exceed, in the whole, ten millions of dollars, to be ascer-\\ntained and paid in the manner hereinafter stated.\\nThe payment of the sum of three hundred and fiftj thousand dollars\\nshall be made at the Treasury of the United States, within ninety days\\nafter the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, as follows: Two\\nhundred and fifty thousand dollars to Frederick Dawson, of Baltimore,\\nor his executors, on the delivery of that amount of ten per cent bonds\\nof Texas: one hundred thousand dollars, if so much be required, in the\\nredemption of the exchequer bills which may be in circulation at the\\ntime of the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty. For the pay-\\nment of the remainder of the debts and liabilities of Texas, which, to-\\ngether with the amount already specified, shall not exceed ten millions\\nof dollars, the public lands herein ceded, and the nett revenue from the\\nsame, are hereby pledged.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0740.jp2"}, "739": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX. G75\\nArticle VI. In order to ascertain tlio full amount of the debts and\\nliabilities herein assumed, and the legality and validity thereof, four\\ncommissioners shall be appointed by the President of the United States,\\nby and with the advice and consent of the Senate, who shall meet at\\nWashington, Texas, within the period of six months after the exchange\\nof the ratifications of this treaty, and may continue in session not ex-\\nceeding twelve months, unless the Congress of the United States should\\nprolong the time. They shall take an oath for the faithful discharge of\\ntheir duties, and that they are not directly or indirectly interested in\\nsaid claims at the time, and will not be during their continuance in\\noffice; and the said oath shall be recorded with their proceedings. In\\ncase of the death, sickness, or resignation of any of the commissioners,\\nhis or their place or places may be supplied by the appointment as\\naforesaid, or by the President of the United States during the recess\\nof the Senate. They, or a majority of them, shall be authorized, under\\nsuch regulations as the Congress of the United States may prescribe,\\nto hear, examine, and decide on all questions touching the legality and\\nvalidity of said claims, and shall, when a claim is allowed, issue a cer-\\ntificate to the claimant, stating the amount, distinguishing principal\\nfrom interest. The certificates so issued shall be numbered, and entry\\nmade of the niuiiber, the name of the person to whom issued, and the\\namount, in a book to bo kept for that purpose. They shall transmit the\\nrecords of their proceedings and the book in which the certificates are\\nentered, with the vouchers and documents produced before them, rela-\\ntive to the claims allowed or rejected, to the Treasury Department of\\nthe United States, to be deposited therein; and the Secretary of the\\nTreasury shall, as soon as practicable after the receipt of the same, as-\\ncertain the aggregate amount of the debts and liabilities allowed; and\\nif the same, when added to the amount to be paid to Frederick Dawson,\\nand the sum which may be jiaid in the redemption of the exchequer\\nbills, shall not exceed the estimated sum of ten millions of dollars, he\\nshall, on the presentation of a certificate of the commissioners, issue,\\nat the option of the holder, a new certificate for the amount, distin-\\nguishing principal from interest, and payable to him or order, out of the\\nnet proceeds of the public lands hereby ceded, or stock of the United\\nStates, for the amount allowed, including principal and interest, and\\nbearing an interest of three per cent, per annum from the date thereof;\\nwhich stock, in addition to being made payable out of the nett pro-\\nceeds of the public lands hereby ceded, shall also be receivable in pay-\\nment for the same. In case the amount of the debts and liabilities al-\\nlowed, with the sums aforesaid to be paid to Frederick Dawson, and\\nwhich may be paid in the redemption of the exchequer bills, shall ex-\\nceed the said sum of ten millions of dollars, the said Secretary, before\\nissuing a new certificate, or stock, as the case may be, shall make in\\n\u00e2\u0082\u00acach case such proportionable and ratable reduction on its amount as to\\nreduce the aggregate to the said simi of ten millions of dollars; and he\\nshall have power to make all needful rules and regulations necessary to\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0carry into efl ect the powers hereby vested in him.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0741.jp2"}, "740": {"fulltext": "676 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nArticle VII. Until further provision shall be made, the laws of\\nTexas, as now existing, shall remain in force, and all executive and\\njudicial officers of Texas, except the President, Vice President, and heads\\nof departments, shall retain their offices, with all power and authority\\nappertaining thereto; and the courts of justice shall remain in all\\nrespects as now established and organized.\\nArticle VIII. Immediately after the exchange of the ratifications\\nof this treaty, the President of the United States, by and with the ad-\\nvice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint a commissioner, who shall\\nproceed to Texas and receive the transfer of the territory thereof, and\\nall the archives and public property, and other things nerein conveyed,\\nin the name of the United States. He snaii exercise all executive author-\\nity in said Territory necessary to the proper execution of the laws, un-\\ntil otherwise provided.\\nArticle IX. The present treaty shall be ratified by the contracting\\nparties, and the ratifications exchanged at the city of Washington, in\\nsix months from the date hereof, or sooner if possible.\\nIn witness whereof, we, the undersigned, plenipotentiaries of the\\nUnited States of America and of the Republic of Texas, have signed,\\nby virtue of our powers, the present treaty of annexation, and have\\nhereunto affixed our seals, respectively.\\nDone at Washington, the twelfth day of April, eighteen hundred and\\nforty-four.\\nJ. C. CALHOUN, [SEAL.]\\nISAAC VAN ZANDT. [seal.]\\nJ. PIXCKNEY HENDERSON, [seal.]", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0742.jp2"}, "741": {"fulltext": "INDEX/\\nAfrican slave trade, 245, 246, 254.\\nAgricultural and Mechanical College, 621.\\nAlamo, fall of, 31.\\nAliens, liability of to military service, 387.\\nAnnexation, 153, 155, 157, 160, 162, 165, 171, 176, 673 (Appendix).\\nArizona, Baylor s conquest of, 371.\\nArming the slaves, 561.\\nArms, want of, 362, 492, 530.\\nArmy enter same as lieutenant-colonel, 525; assigned to duty on Gen-\\neral Magruder s staff, 529; first time under fire, 533; placed m charge\\nof transportation of troops, 535; assigned to Gen. Tom Green s stall\\n535- depart for Louisiana, 535; overland journey, 536; on General\\nWharton s staff, 537; furloughed at end of Louisiana campaign, 547;\\nappointed aide de camp on President Davis staff, 548; cross the Mis-\\nsissippi and proceed to Richmond. 549; letters to my wife, 552; prices\\nof articles in Confederate money, 552; my associates on the staff of\\nthe President, 552; attend President on visit to General Hood s army,\\n553; views as to moving troops across the Mississippi, 554; disap-\\npearance of my servant Eli, 554; persons I met, 556.\\nAsiatic poultry, my experience in raising, 236.\\nAtlanta, Ga., 635.\\nAudubon, John J., 52.\\nAustin, Stephen 38.\\nBaltimore (Douglas) convention, 282.\\nBaltimore Breckenridge and Lane) convention, 287.\\nBanks, Gen. N. P., 422, 423, 426, 448, 508, 528, 539, 540, 541.\\nBaudin, French admiral, 96.\\nBaylor, Gen, John R., 371, 503.\\nBayou City, 421, 424, 429, 432.\\nBee, Gen. Barnard E., 412, 421, 540.\\nBell, Commodore H. H., 437, 454, 457, 458.\\nBell, Josiah, 458.\\nBenjamin, Judah P., 346, 360, 362, 367, 375, 561, 566, 582, 601.\\nfind special matter \u00e2\u0080\u0094Ed.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0743.jp2"}, "742": {"fulltext": "678 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nBesser, General, 671.\\nBexar, capture of, 30.\\nBoard of Pardons, appointed a member of, 639.\\nBorden, Gail, 93.\\nBoyce, R. P., 60.\\nBriscoe, Andrew, 112, 125.\\nBriscoe, Mrs. Mary J., 48.\\nBryan, Guy M., 212, 263, 275, 277, 286. 289, 299, 389, 390, 392, 393, 395,\\nBryan, William Jennings, 641.\\nBurnet and Sherman monument, unveiling of, 039.\\nBusiness resumed, debts paid, beef packery, 596.\\nCambria, United States steamer, 447.\\nCamels, my experience with, 239.\\nCampaign of January, 1863, summary of results of, 461.\\nCanvass for Governor, 321.\\nCapitol Building, stand taken that resulted in the use of Texas mate-\\nrial, 628.\\nCapture of United States vessels Morning Light and Velocity off Sabine\\nPass, 460.\\nCave, E. W., 217. 310, 319, 420.\\nCharleston convention of I860, 267.\\nCherokees, treaty with, 105.\\nChilton, Horace, 640.\\nClark, Gov. Edward, 248, 310, 322, 324, 330, 396.\\nClerk House of Representatives, 65; district court, 101, 120.\\nClosing address, 471.\\nCoast fighting, 317, 319, 383.\\nCoast guards, 347.\\nColumbia, notable men met there, 36.\\nComptroller, 69, 143.\\nConference of Governors at Marshall, 389; second conference, 493; re-\\nport on resources of Trans-Mississippi Department, 496 report on\\ncurrency and cotton, 498; Governor Reynold s resolution providing\\nfor a committee of public safety, 500; resolution endorsing Gen. E.\\nKirby Smith, 501; address issued to the people, 501.\\nCongress, first of Republic, 36.\\nConscript law, 469.\\nConstitutional Union Convention of 1860, 295.\\nConsuls, protest of, 319.\\nCooper, Prof. Oscar H., 621.\\nCorpus Christi, bombardment of, 410.\\nCreole, 27.\\nCrisis of 1860, opinions of leading men in regard to, 302.\\nCulberson, Hon. C. A., 639, 640, 641.\\nCurrency meeting, 67.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0744.jp2"}, "743": {"fulltext": "INDEX. (57!)\\nDanoy, John W., 41, 209.\\nDarden, Mrs. Fann\\\\% 60.\\nDavis, Jefferson, at Danville, 503; address to the people, Greens-\\nboro, Charlotte, news of Lincoln s assassination, 504 rejection of\\nJohnston-Sherman cartel, last cabinet nieetinjr, 505: last council of\\nwar, 500; President s escort, 567; Savannah River. Washington, Ga.,\\nJudge Reagan, 508; Sandersville. Col. Preston Johnston, 509; Col.\\nBurton Harrison, Mrs. Davis party, 570; John Taylor Wood, cap-\\nture of President and party, 571; carried to Macon, 573; letter to my\\nwife, 574; Augusta, Savannah, 575; dialogue between Vice-President\\nAlex. H. Stephens and Gen. Joe Wheeler, Mr. Davis at Fortress Mon-\\nroe, 570 Judge Reagan at Fort Warren, 577 General Wheeler, Col-\\nonel Johnston, and nnself at Fort Delaware, 577 visit to Austin,\\n607 Dallas, welcomed by ^Mayor Good, Mr. Davis speech, remarks\\nby Colonel Sexton, ex-Governor Throckmorton, Geneial Gano and\\nothers, Mr. Davis tribute to Lamar and views as to the condition of\\nthe country and its future, etc., 607 et seq. memorial services in\\nhonor of, 629; my speech on Mr. Davis on the occasion of presenting\\na portrait of him to the senate historical and descriptive, 050 f Ap-\\npendix\\nDavis, Miss Winnie. 039.\\nDavis, E. J., 314, 528. 587. 005.\\nDe Cordova, P., 070 (Appendix).\\nDemocratic party, first movement for organization of in Texas. 184;\\norganization of and leading Democrats who participated therein.\\n199; Waco convention of 1857, 209; Austin convention of 1858 and\\nthe love feast that followed, 231; Houston convention of 18.59, 243;\\nGalveston convention of 1800, 200: Dallas convention of 1801, 323;\\nGalveston convention of 1876, 611; Austin convention of 1878, 614;\\nDallas convention of 1880, 021; Galveston convention of 1882, 622;\\nconvention of 1884, 623; Galveston convention of 1880. 624: Dallas\\nconvention of 1888, 027: San Antonio convention of 1890. 027; Hous-\\nton convention of 1892, 038: Galveston convention of 1898, 041.\\nDistilleries, demoralizing effect of, 408.\\nDomestic manufactures. 478.\\nDowling, Dick, 459. 503, .507.\\nE\\nEducation, 104, 195.\\nElkhorn Reunion, 025.\\nEurope, first trip to, Liverpool, Wales, London, 597; Paris, Col. A.\\nDudley Mann, 598; Germany, return home, 599; Mr. Davis and his\\npicture, 003; second trip, Sunday with Mr. Davis in Paris, Mac-\\nIMahon, French assemb!} 001: Prince Polignac, 002; London, Glas-\\ngow, the Clyde. Mr. Davis familiarity with Scottish literature, 602;\\nreturn home, 003.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0745.jp2"}, "744": {"fulltext": "680 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nExpansion, 183, 243, G4S{.\\nExpedition: Bonnell, 84; Santa Fe. 104; Somervell, 146; Mier, 147.\\nExperience, as a granger, 93; as a merchant, 97.\\nExtortioners and monopolists, 469.\\nFactories, 478.\\nFamily matters, 630.\\nFannin massacre, 32.\\nFederal prisoners, 476, 659 (Appendix).\\nFinance of the Republic, 105; retrenchment, exchequer bills, 144; scal-\\ning the public debt, 194.\\nFisher, Mrs. Rebecca J., 83, 645 (Appendix).\\nFort Delaware, my experience as a political prisoner, 578; my discharge,\\n588 visit to Washington and meeting with Judge Reagan, Judge Ter-\\nrell, and others, 589; call on Secretary Stanton, 590; interview with\\nPresident Johnson, 591; return and welcome home, 591.\\nFortress Monroe conference, 558.\\nFrench intervention in behalf of Confederacy, 510, 511, 512, 514, 533.\\nFrontier Protection, 229, 255, 259, 483.\\nFrontier regiment and defense, 357, 409, 475, 483.\\nGalveston, 84, 97, 319, 345, 346, 347, 349, 385, 386, 387, 388, 416, 422;\\nbattle of, 434, 440; Gen. N. P. Banks report, 448, 454, 458, 486;\\nmayoralty race of 1875, 606.\\nJano, Gen. JR. M., 324, 341, 358, 610.\\nGilleland, Wm. N., 645 (Appendix).\\nGould, R. S., 542.\\nGovernor, inaugurated as, 329; epitome of my work as, 525; review\\nof my administration by the Henderson Times, 472.\\nGray, P. W., 440.\\nGreen, Gen. Tom, 398, 399, 437, 445, 532, 536.\\nGreen, T. J., 91, 147, 151.\\nHamburg, 18.\\nHamilton, A. J., 245, 314, 449, 529, 587, 605.\\nHampton Roads conference, 558.\\nHancock, John, 587, 622.\\nHarby, Captain. 443.\\nHardeman, W. P., 542.\\nHatteras, United States steamer, sinking of by the Alabama, 456.\\nHebert, P. O., 344, 345, 346, 348, 375, 396, 416.\\nHemphill, John, 146, 180, 224, 225, 307, 361, 378.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0746.jp2"}, "745": {"fulltext": "INDEX. 681\\nHenderson, J. P., 179, 187. 189, 224.\\nHobby, A. M., 645 (Appendix).\\nHogg, J. S., 627, 638.\\nHolmes, Gen.. 426.\\nHouston, city of, 45, 47, 48, 50.\\nHouston, Sam, 73, 91, 141, 151, 179, 205, 213, 259, 297, 381, 491, 672\\n(Appendix).\\nHowe, Captain, 532.\\nHubbard, R. B., 605, 612, 613, 641.\\nHunter, R. M. T., 558, 561.\\nImmigrant who had seen enough of Texas, 55.\\nIreland, John, 622, 623.\\nJohnston, Gen. A. S., 37, 39, 71, 105, 182, 325, 375, 607.\\nJones, Anson, 67, 157, 162, 163, 177, 229.\\nKnow-Nothing party, 197, 204.\\nL\\nLa Fayette, 5.\\nLamar, M. B.. 43, 79, 92, 97, 105, 143, 144, 182. 607.\\nLavaca, bombardment of, 413.\\nLea, A. M., 437, 461.\\nLee, Gen. Robert E., 561.\\nLegislature: Ninth, 329, 341; extra session of, 463, 480; passage of\\nresolution to the effect that Texas would pay her part of the Con-\\nfederate debt in the event of withdrawal from the Confederacy, 481;\\nresolution of thanks to Magruder for the victory at Galveston, 482;\\nTenth, my message to, 515.\\nLincoln, Abraham, 300, 465.\\nLong, Mrs. Jane, 43, 78.\\nLooscan, Mrs. Adele B., 241.\\nLoughery, R. W., 604.\\nLubbock, Henry S., 421, 436, 441, 507, 586.\\nLubbock, John B.. 328.\\nLubbock, Thomas S.. 13, 26, 28, 29, 146, 314, 316, 324, 327, 377, 645\\nAppendix", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0747.jp2"}, "746": {"fulltext": "682 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nM\\nMagruder, Gen. J. R.. 424, 425, 427, 434, 450, 451, 459, 485, 487, 535,\\n593.\\nMajors, General, 541.\\nManassas (first battle), Texans at, 315.\\nMarriage, 23, 630.\\nMason and Slidell, 374.\\nMasonry, 65.\\nMatagorda Bay, 530, 533.\\nMaximilian, 593.\\nMexican raid, 72, 145.\\nMexican war, 181.\\nMilam Guards, 84, 90.\\nMilner, R. T., 667 (Appendix).\\nMilitary Board, 362, 368, 067 (Appendix).\\nMilitia, 359, 478.\\nMississippi Kiver, 488, 489, 490, 544.\\nMoody, W. L., 584, 613.\\nMonterey, battle of, Texans in, 182.\\nMurrah, Pendleton, 322, 324, 495, 515, 520, 534, 587, 593.\\nMy farewell address and entrance into the army, 520.\\nMc\\nMcCuUoch, Ben., 536, 625.\\nMcCulloeh, Henry E., 357, 503, 627.\\nMcLeod, Hugh, 233, 380.\\nN\\nNegro soldiers. Confederate policy toward, 466.\\nNew Orleans, life in, 20.\\nNewspapers in Texas in 1849, 193.\\nNullification, 14.\\nOchiltree, Thos. P., 209, 212, 256, 260, 288, 289, 397, 405, 406, 551.\\nOmaha Exposition, 640.\\nParsons brigade reunion, 625.\\nPease, E. M., 68, 195, 225, 314.\\nPendleton, Geo. C, 667 (Appendix).\\nPenitentiary Board, appointed member of, 638.\\nPenitentiary, manufacture of goods at in 1861-2-3, 671 (Appendix]\\nPersonal difficulty, 75.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0748.jp2"}, "747": {"fulltext": "INDEX. 683\\nPioneers, sketches of, 107.\\nPoets Tribune, 645 (Appendix).\\nPolitics in 1840-1, 98.\\nPolitical campaign, of 185G (national), 205; of 1857 (State), 209: of\\n1859 (State), 243; of 1800 (national), 298.\\nPresidential t-andidates, of 1838, 80; of 1841, 102; of 1844, 152.\\nPrisoners, Mier, decimation of, 148 Perote, 153.\\nProclamation relative to storage of cotton, 347.\\nProhibition campaign of 1887, 624.\\nRailroad Co7nmission, 627.\\nReagan, John H., 212. 218. 220. 245, 299, 311, 328, 362, .551, 554, 565,\\n568, 577, 589.\\nReconstruction, 604, 605, 606.\\nRector, Governor of Arkansas, address of relative to withdrawal from\\nthe Confederacy, 388, 389, 393.\\nRed River campaign, 534, 537, 539, 540. 541, 542, 543; results of, 544.\\nReiley, James, 407, 428.\\nReligious denominations, 83.\\nRenshaw, Commodore, 419, 437, 446.\\nRetaliation, 371, 406, 481.\\nReverses, 375.\\nRichmond convention of June 11, 1860, 281.\\nRichmond, Va., 326, 557, 563.\\nRoberts, 0. M.,. 305, 382, 615, 020.\\nRobertson, J. C, 308.\\nRobertson, Sawnie, 623.\\nRobinson, J. W., 145, 153.\\nRoss, L. S., 624.\\nRoyal Yacht, 345, 385.\\nRunnels, Hardin R., 210, 223, 224, 225.\\nRusk, T. J.. 67, 81, 152, 171, 179.\\nS\\nSabine Pass. 459: battle of, 505; Federal report of battle, 505. 500, 508.\\nSale of Santa Fe territory, 192.\\nSanta Anna, 31, 32.\\nSan Jacinto, 33, 57, 00.\\nSayers, J. D.. 400, 611, 014, 620, 021, 041, 642.\\nScurry, VV. R., 182, 437, 438.\\nSecession, 305, 308, 309, 312.\\nSemmes, Raphael, 455, 562.\\nSiblev, General, 396.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0749.jp2"}, "748": {"fulltext": "684 LUBBOCK S MEMOIRS.\\nSibley s expedition, 396 Valverde, 398 occupation of Santa Fe, Glor-\\nieta, 401; Peralto, 403; Bethel Coopwood, guide, crossing the Jornada,\\n404, 405, 406.\\nSmith, Ashbel, 163, 164, 200.\\nSmith, E. Kirby, 492, 493. 501, 534.\\nSmith, Leon, 317, 432, 436, 439, 440, 454, 505, 532.\\nSouth Carolina, visit to after the close of my term as State treasurer,\\n631.\\nStar of the West, 318.\\nState tax and Confederate money, 478.\\nState Treasurer, nominated for, 615; induction into office as, 617; policy\\nas, 618; notice from Texas Review, 619; end of term of service as, 628.\\nStephens, Alexander H., 558, 561, 575, 576, 577.\\nStockraising, 122, 127, 139.\\nSupreme Court, 180.\\nTaylor, Gen. Dick, 537, 538, 541, 543, 544, 553.\\nTaylor, M. D. K., 256, 611, 614.\\nTerrell, A. W., 345, 593.\\nTerry, Capt. i rank, 315, 316, 324, 326.\\nTerry Rangers, 325.\\nTexas, first visit to, 29; removal to, 42; troops, 355; quota of soldiers\\nin the Confederate army, 471; support of families of soldiers, 477; ad-\\nditional call for soldiers, 487.\\nTexas revolution, 28.\\nTurner, E. P., 425, 431.\\nTwin Sisters (cannon used at San Jacinto). 372.\\nUncle Ben. 459, 505.\\nUnionists, 314.\\nUnited States bonds, 360.\\nUniversity of Texas. 228. 622.\\nVance, Governor of South Carolina, as to duty of ex-Confederate sol-\\ndiers at the close of the war. 593.\\nVan Zandt County seat trouble, 612.\\nVeto message, 351.\\nVisit to Charleston, S. C, 25.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0750.jp2"}, "749": {"fulltext": "INDEX, 685\\nW\\nWalker, R. J., 52, 227.\\nWalton, W. M., 336, 361.\\nWar legislation, 369.\\nWashburn, C. C. 529.\\nWashington-on-the-Brazos, 148.\\nWatkins, O. M.. 458.\\nWaul, T. N., 209, 245, 261, 361, 374.\\nWest, C. S., 336, 390, 623.\\nWharton, Gen. John A., 40, 537, 539, 543, 546.\\nWharton, W. H., 40.\\nWheeler, Gen. Joe, 575, 576, 577.\\nWhig convention at Tyler, 194.\\nWigfall, L. T., 209. 227, 230, 256, 257. 361. 362.\\nWinkler, Mrs., 557.\\nWinter of 1863-4, my narrow escape from being frozen to death, four-\\nteen soldiers perish, 532.\\nWood, Geo. T., 190.\\nWortham, W. B., 620, 628.\\nZavala, Lorenzo de, 44.", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0751.jp2"}, "750": {"fulltext": "LBJe U", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0752.jp2"}, "751": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0753.jp2"}, "752": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0754.jp2"}, "753": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0755.jp2"}, "754": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0756.jp2"}, "755": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3413", "width": "1993", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0757.jp2"}, "756": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0ij\\nI\\n009 760 231 1\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^I ii\\ni /J\\nf\\nw.\\nrt-\\n11 If I", "height": "3553", "width": "2285", "jp2-path": "sixdecadesintexa00lubb_0758.jp2"}}