{"1": {"fulltext": "DT926\\n00Ql3=ia732", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": ":Mm^ /Jfe*.", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "^^P\\nh^", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "Digitized by tine Internet Arcinive\\nin 2010 witii funding from\\nTine Library of Congress\\nlittp://www.arcliive.org/details/soutliafricanquesOOpliil", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "X XjLd\u00c2\u00ab**\\nAPS ia 1900\\nSOUTH AFRICAN\\nQUESTION\\nA Lecture\\nOn The Transvaal\\nand Its System of Gov-\\nernment/ with some of\\nthe abuses of power\\nwhich have led to the\\npresent War in South\\nAfrica. Delivered by\\nThos. Phillips.\\nPRICE,\\nFIVE CENTS", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "THE\\nSouth Af-ricam\\nquestio/n.\\nA LECTU-RE\\n3n The Transvaal and Its System of Government, with\\nsome of the abuses of power which have led to\\nthe present War in South Africa.\\nDelivered by Mr. THOMAS PHILLIPS\\nat the Hall of the Liberal League, and published under\\nthe auspices of the\\nANGLO-SAXON BROTHERHOOD.\\nCOPYRIOHTED, 1900.\\nPhiladelphia, Pa.\\nPress of The Philadelphia Journal\\n1007 oakdale street\\n1900\\nM\\nJ", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "TWO COPIES fiECEiVi^.j\\nL Ivf t-y of CeBgre\u00c2\u00ab%\\nOffice of th\u00c2\u00ab\\nAPR 1 3 1900\\nSECOND COPY, iieglster of Copyrlglifjfc\\nThe lecturer begs leave to acknowledge his indebtedness\\nin compiling this address to Mr. AUeyne Ireland s article in\\nThe Atlantic Monthly for December, 1899; to Fitzpatrick s\\nTransvaal; to Oom Paul s People, by Howard C. Hille-\\ngas; to Mr. Thomas G. Sherman s contributions to The\\nNew York Times; and to Mr. James H. Stark s British\\n,*nd Dutch in South Africa.\\nV\\nd^\\nU\\nK", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "T H K\\nSOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION\\nBy THOMAS PHILLIPS.\\nIn trying to place the Boer War in its true light, it is\\nnecessary to give some historical account of the legal and\\nterritorial relation the Boers sustain to Britain. The general\\nopinion seemingly entertained as to that relation is far from\\naccording with facts, which, for want of time, I shall state in\\nas few words as possible.\\nIn 1795, during the war between France and Holland,\\nBritain seized Cape Colony in the name of Holland. In\\n1802, Britain returned the colony to Holland, after peace had\\nbeen restored. In 1806, the war between Fratice and Hol-\\nland again broke out. Then, in the name of the Prince of\\nOrange, Britain again seized Cape Colony, and held it until\\n1814, when she purchased the colony, along with other pos-", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nsessions of Holland, for thirty millions of dollars. Hence,\\nBritain was the rightful owner, not only by conquest, but by\\npurchase, of the whole of Cape Colony.\\nThe Transvaal Republic, so called, was founded by\\nBoers, who left Cape Colony after that province had been i\\nceded by Holland to Britain. Therefore, the Transvaal Boer\\nwas from the first living in British territory, subject to the\\nflag and authority of Britain.\\nIn 1834, owing to frequent conflicts between the natives\\nand colonists, brought about by Boer slave raids, Britain was\\ncompelled to interfere, and paid the Boers $15,000,000 to\\nfree their slaves. In 1836 and ^t^j, about eight thousand\\nBoers from Cape Colony settled in what is now known as the I\\nTransvaal and Orange Free State. In 1852, the indepen-*\\ndence of the Transvaal Boers was recognized and the Orange\\nFree State was established as an independent republic in 1854.\\nIn April, 1877, the Transvaal was annexed to the British\\ncrown. Every member of the Transvaal Council signified in\\nwriting his willingness to serve the new government, with I\\nthe exception of Paul Kruger, who, notwithstanding his de-\\ndining to sign, drew his salary as a member of the Executive\\nCouncil for eight months after annexation.\\nShepstone, the British representative, was presented\\nwith numbers of addresses and memorials from Dutch, En-\\nglish and natives, praying him to take over the country,\\nproving beyond a doubt that the body of the people desired\\nto be under British rule. The only opposition consisted of\\nKruger and his friends, who kept up a disturbing agitation\\nthat led to the revolt of 1880.\\nDuring this agitation, the Boers friendly to Britain\\nsought to be assured by the British Government that the\\nannexation would not be revoked. This assurance was given\\nby the British Government, through Sir Garnet Wolsely, who", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nproclaimed and made krown in the name and on behalf of\\nHer Majesty, the Queen, that it was the will and determina-\\ntion of Her Majesty s Government that the Transvaal terri-\\ntory shall be and shall continue to be forever an integral por-\\ntion of Her Majesty s dominions.\\nOn another occasion Wolsely said, so long as the sun\\nshines the Transvaal will remain British territory. This\\nwas confirmed by Sir Michael Hicks-Beach, Secretary of\\nState for the Colonies, who directed Sir Garnet Wolsely to\\nstate from time to time the inability of Her ^M a jesty s Govern-\\nment to entertain any proposal for withdrawal of the Queen s\\nsovereignty. All this assurance was given at the request of\\nnative Boers.\\nOne voice was raised against this. Gladstone denounced\\nthe acquisition of the Transvaal, and a month later came into\\npower. He received a letter from Messrs. Kruger and Joubert\\npraying that he would give effect to his sentiments by\\nrestoring the independence of the Transvaal. He re-\\nplied that the Queen cannot be advised to relinquish her\\nsovereignty over the Transvaal. But on December 13th,\\n1880, in the face of this, Kruger and his associates proclaim-\\ned the South African Republic. The Boer war followed,\\nwhich lasted until March, 1881. The British forces were\\ndefeated in several engagements. Large British reinforce-\\nments were on the way, and the Boers would soon have been\\noutnumbered and overmatched, when Gladstone sent out to\\nsay that if the Boers would lay down their arms they would\\nbe accorded complete self-government, subject to British\\nsuzerainty.\\nThe instrument restoring the Transvaal to the Boers\\nwas the Pretoria Convention, signed and published on\\nAugust 3d, 1881.", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nThe natives in and around the Transvaal, eager to fight\\nfor the British, were kept back by the British authorities,\\nwho felt that the general interests of peace in South Africa\\nwould thus be imperilled. Large numbers of Boers and\\nBritish fought with the regular troops, believing that under\\nno circumstances would the Transvaal be given up. The\\nposition of these friends of Britain after the surrender was\\ndeplorable. Their grievances were eloquently set forth by\\nC. K. White, President of the Committee of Loyal Inhabi-\\ntants of the Transvaal, who wrote to Gladstone, but there\\nwas no reply recorded.\\nFrom the date of the signing of the London Convention\\nthere accumulated a mass of grievances of British subjects.\\nIn 1895, a petition praying for redress, signed by thirty-eight\\nthousand Uitlanders, was presented to the Volksraad Boer\\nGovernment, and was rejected with insult and ridicule.\\nThey were told that if they wanted any rights they had bet-\\nter fight for them.\\nOn December 26, 1895, a manifesto was issued by the\\nTransvaal National Union, in which the demands of the\\nUitlanders were stated. The principal demands were: First:\\nThe establishment of the republic as a true republic; a con-\\nstitution framed by the representatives of the whole people.\\nSecond: An equitable franchise law, and the independence\\nof the courts of justice.\\nAfter this came the Jameson Raid. Krnger solemnly\\npromised after Jameson s men had laid down their arms that\\nhe would inquire into and redress their grievances. At\\nlength a petition signed by 21,648 Uitlanders was forwarded\\nby the High Commissioner to Her -Majesty, praying that she\\nwould intervene to secure just treatment for the Uitlanders,\\nwho, whilst paying five-sixths of the taxes of the state, had\\nno voice in its government. The chief reasons for the peti-", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\ntion were stated to be: First: The failure of President Kruger\\nto institute the reforms promised after the Jameson Raid.\\nSecond The continuation of the dynamite monopoly and its\\nattendant grievance, notwithstanding the fact that a govern-\\nment commission, consisting of officials of the republic, had\\ninquired into the matter and suggested many reforms. Third:\\nThe subjugation of the High Court to the executive author-\\nity, and the dismissal of the Chief Justice for his earnest\\nprotest against the interference with the Court s independ-\\nence. Fourth: The selection of none but burghers to sit on\\njuries. Fifth: The aggressive attitude of the police toward\\nthe Uitlanders. Sixth: Taxation without representation, and\\nthe withholding of educational privileges from the children\\nof Uitlanders.\\nThere is much could be said, historically, about attempts\\nmade by the British authorities to secure the recognition of\\nthe rights of the Uitlanders all of which failed. It seems\\nclear that the real core of the contention between Great\\nBritain and the Transvaal Government was the question of\\nsuzerainty. The convention of 1881 granted complete self-\\ngovernment subject to the suzerainty of Her Majesty to the\\nINHABITANTS of the Transvaal territory, upon certain terms\\nand conditions, and subject to certain reservations and limita-\\ntions. It is contended that these limitations did not refer to\\nthe suzerainty, but to the self-government. It was not to be\\nunconditional self-government, but self-government with cer-\\ntain specified limitations, in addition to the general limitations\\nof the Queen s suzerainty. There is no question as to the\\nassertion of the suzerainty in the convention of 1881.\\nIn regard to the convention of 1884: The Transvaal\\ndelegates requested the British Government to do away with\\nthe suzerainty by making the proposed convention a Treaty\\nbetween the two Powers. This the British Government", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nrefused to do, on the ground that the Transvaal was not in\\nfact an independent Power, nor was it intended that it\\nshould be represented as such. So the issue was definitely\\nraised before the convention was signed, and the Transvaal\\ndelegates signed the convention knowing the position of the\\nBritish Government on the matter.\\nYet, in the face of this, in a dispatch dated May ,9, 1899,\\nthe State Secretary of the Transvaal Government declares\\nthat no suzerainty exists. In reply, the British Government\\nsays, the contention that the South African Republic is a\\nsovereign international state is not, in their opinion, war-\\nranted by law or history, and is wholly inadmissable. Dis-\\npatch from Chamberlain, dated July 13, 1899.\\nThe general attempt on the part of the enemies of the\\nAnglo-Saxon race, to represent Britain as depriving the\\nTransvaal people of the benefits of self-government, and to\\nsubstitute her rule for that of the people of the Transvaal, is\\ncontrary to historic fact. The origin of Britain s interference\\nin the affairs of the Transvaal lies in the fact that everything\\nimplied in the grant of self-government to the inhabitants\\nof the Transvaal has been persistently, insultingly and des-\\npotically withheld by a tyrannical oligarchy from the great\\nmajority of the inhabitants of the Transvaal, in violation of\\nall treaties, in contempt of all petitions for justice and in\\ndefiance of the rightful authority of Britain.\\nBritain demands that the men who pay the taxes shall\\nhave a voice in the government that the courts of justice\\nshall be independent of the executive power that the lives\\nand property of the citizens shall be protected that a man\\nshall be tried by a jury of his peers. For this she is met\\nwith an ultimatum from the Boer oligarchy demanding\\nFirst: That all troops on the borders of the Transvaal shall\\nbe INSTANTLY withdrawn (an impossibility), while at the", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nsame time claiming the right to keep her armed forces on\\nthat same border, which means: We will keep our forces in\\nfighting position on territory which is not ours, and require\\nBritain to withdraw her troops from her own territory.\\nSecond: That all British reinforcements of troops that have\\narrived in South Africa since June i, 1899, be removed from\\nthe whole of South Africa, and while demanding this they\\nretain the right to keep all the reinforcements which, in men\\nand oflBcers, they have collected in all parts of the world from\\namong the enemies of Britain. Further: That Her Majesty s\\ntroops which are now on the high seas shall not be landed in\\nany part of South Africa; and that if all this is not com-\\nplied with by Wednesay, October 11, 1899, later than\\nfive o clock, p. M., it will be regarded as a declaration of war\\nand the Transvaal Government will not hold itself responsi-\\nble for the consequences. Further: That in the event of any\\nfurther movement of troops occurring within the above-\\nmentioned time in a nearer direction to our borders, it, too,\\nwill be regarded as a declaration of war.\\nThis ultimatum constituted a declaration of war, which\\nleft the British people no choice but to meet it.", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER II.\\nCHARACTER OF BOERS.\\nFrom all that can be drawn from the action of Britain,\\nthere is nothing that can justify the conduct of the Boers.\\nIt cannot be successfully denied that the conduct of Britain\\nhas been that of patient forbearance and consideration for the\\nwelfare and rights of the people concerned, for which there\\nis no parallel in history. Britain s consideration for the peo-\\nple subject to her rule has unfortunately been carried to an\\nextent that has placed her empire in peril from which noth-\\ning but the expenditure of enormous treasure, and the heroic\\nsacrifices of her sons, can save her.\\nThe true explanation of the action of the Boers must be\\nlooked for in the character of the Boers themselves. Their\\nhistory proves them to be tyrannical slave drivers of the\\nmost ctuel and murderous type; in proof of which I will first\\ngive an extract from Cyclopaedia of History, published by\\nTiffany Co., Hartford, Conn., 1847, more than half a cen-\\ntury ago\\nThe cruelties practised on the native Africans by the\\nDutch and that, too, with the sanction of the government\\nalmost exceeds belief. When a party of Dutch wished to\\nsettle in any spot, they proceeded to clear it by putting to\\ndeath the natives with as much coolness as an American\\nsquatter would exhibit in hewing down the forest trees to\\nopen a place for the erection of his log house, or in picking", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\noff with his rifle a few of the wild animals which threatened\\nto be troublesome. The Dutch manner of proceeding was\\nsummary. Having selected the hut of some poor wretch as\\nan object for destruction, they first set fire to it. Let us\\nimagine the dismay and horror of a poor family at finding\\nflames breaking forth around and above them in every\\ndirection. Rushing forth, the wretched owners of the mis-\\nerable dwelling would implore pity from their cruel enemies.\\nThe Dutchmen, or Boers, would be too much engaged in\\nloading their pieces and discharging them upon the males to\\nheed the cries of the females, who, with their children, were\\ngenerally saved. The indifference with which the Boers\\nregarded the death of the Bushmen is strikingly illustrated\\nin the following anecdote A Boer, presenting himself at\\nthe Secretary s office at Cape Town, after having traversed a\\nlonely tract, was asked if he had not found the Bushmen\\ntroublesome; Not very, replied he, with great coolness,\\nI only shot four.\\nWhen the British Emancipation Act came into force in\\nCape Colony, December i, 1834, the Boers held nearly forty\\nthousand slaves, and although Britain paid them fifteen mil-\\nlions of dollars for the release of their slaves, they were not\\ncontent, but were still bent on the business of slave-holding.\\nPieter Retief, their leader, stated in his manifesto that the\\nabolition of slavery was one of the reasons why his band was\\nleaving the colony.\\nNotwithstanding an express agreement in the Sand\\nRiver Convention, the Boers persistently practised slavery,\\nand made a habit of raiding native kraals for the purpose of\\ncarrying off women and .children.^ In proof,.! give first from\\nBritish Blue Book, C. 1876, published in 1877, which says,\\nSlavery has occurred, not only here and there in isolated", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "THK SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\ncases, but as an unbroken practice, it has been one of the\\npeculiar institutions of the country. It has been at the root\\nof most of the wars.\\nDr. Nachtigal, of the Berlin Missionary Society, wrote\\nPresident Burgers, of the Transvaal, in 1875, If I am asked\\nto say, conscientiously, whether such slavery has existed\\nsince 1852, and been recognized and permitted by the gov-\\nernment, I must answer in the affirmative.\\nA Dutch clergyman, named P. Huet, in a volume pub-\\nlished in 1869, entitled Het Africanische Republick, says,\\nTill their twenty-second year they (the natives) are appren-\\nticed. All this time they have to serve without payment.\\nIt is slavery in the fullest sense of the word.\\nIn 1876, one year before the annexation, Khame, Chief\\nof the Bagamangwato, sent a petition to Queen Victoria, in\\nwhich he said I, Khame, King of the Bagamangwato,\\ngreet Victoria, the great Queen of the English people. I ask\\nHer Majesty to pity me, and to hear what I write quickly.\\nThe Boers are coming into my country, and I do not like\\nthem. They sell us and our children. The custom of the\\nBoers has always been to cause people to be sold, and to-day\\nthey are still selling people.\\nThis testimony is enough to settle this question. They\\nare not only slave-drivers, but usurpers and tyrants. When\\nindependence was granted to the Transvaal, it was on condi-\\ntion that there should be an equality of rights between the\\nBritish subjects and Boer burghers. Kruger testified that\\nsuch had been the case, and was emphatic in his assurance\\nthat there would be no change. He stated explicitly that as\\nregarded burgher rights there was to be no difference made\\nbetween British subjects and Boer burghers. That was the\\niinderstanding upo^ whipJi tbe po^jyention was framed mi", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nratified, and it has been the persistent disregard of that con-\\ndition which has led up to the present trouble.\\nNo sooner had the Boers been placed in control, under\\nthe convention of 1881, than they began to consolidate the\\noligarchy which they are now fighting to maintain. This is\\nproven by the laws they have passed, viz.\\nI A law of 1882, requiring strangers to have been for\\nfive years on the field cornets books, and to have paid a fee\\nof $125, before they could vote.\\n2 Again in 1887 a law was passed making a fifteen\\nyears residence and registration necessary to citizenship.\\n3 In 1 89 1 a law was passed providing that no alien\\nshould be admitted to full citizenship except with the con-\\nsent of two-thirds of the old burghers residing in the same\\nward with himself.\\n4 Another law was enacted, providing that all stran-\\ngers must be furnished with passports must have proof of\\ntheir identity, and show that they are able to support them-\\nselves, and must also secure from the field cornets residing\\nand traveling certificates, renewable every three months.\\n5 Another law, known as The Aliens Expulsion\\nLaw, empowers the authorities to expel any foreigner from\\nthe country as a dangerous person, without trial, in the sole\\nexercise of their discretion. This legislation proves beyond\\na doubt a settled purpose to keep all power in the hands of\\nthe oligarchy in control. Again, the foreign settlers in the\\nTransvaal were denied all rights to bear arms, while every\\nmale Boer, from sixteen years and upwards, is heavily armed\\nand drilled at the expense of the foreigners.\\n6^By a press law, passed for the avowed object of\\ncrushing the foreign settlers, all newspapers were placed at\\nthe mercy of Pre|ident Kruger, who can suppress t)^em aV\\nhis pleasurCf", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\n7 By another law, passed for the same purpose, all\\nmeetings of more than seven persons in the open air are\\nabsolutely prohibited, while all other meetings can be dis-\\nsolved in an instant, at the discretion of the police.\\n8 Another law was passed, absolutely prohibiting the\\npresentation, by any foreigner, of even so much as a petition\\nfor redress.\\n9 When Kruger invited foreigners to settle in the\\nTransvaal, full naturalization could be obtained within two\\nyears. After foreigners had accepted his invitation, he re-\\npealed all naturalization laws, absolutely. Then, under pres-\\nsure, he restored the laws, but made the term fourteen years;\\nbut any foreigner desiring naturalization must renounce all\\nprotection, even from his own government or the Boer Gov-\\nernment, for fourteen years, during which time he would be\\na citizen of no country whatever, and have no rights which\\nany Boer would be bound to respect.\\nDuring these fourteen years, he must be ready to serve\\nin the Boer army on twelve hours notice, and he would be\\nfrequently called to serve, without pay, clothing, or even\\nfood, which he must provide for himself. At the end of these\\nfourteen years of degrading humiliation, he would not be\\nallowed to vote for any office worth voting for, unless his\\nhumble petition was approved by two-thirds of his Boer\\nneighbors, by the military chief of his district, and finally,\\nby Kruger himself. Neither would he be allowed to vote\\neven then unless he was forty years of age.\\nIn 1844, Kruger was in London, too poor to pay his\\nhotel bill, which was paid by a generous Englishman. This\\nis when he invited British and Americans to settle in the\\nTransvaal, to conduct mining theirey which they did,- and\\nbuilt up the country.", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUKSTION.\\nKruger afterwards sold one of his own farms to English-\\nmen for $500,000, paid in gold. His friends and neighbors\\nsold other farms to English, Germans, Frenchmen and\\nAmericans for many millions of dollars. Every dollar of the\\nwealth now possessed by Kruger, his son-in-law, his officials,\\nand indeed any part of the Transvaal population, has been\\nproduced by the settlers.\\nThe taxes levied annually exceed $20,000,000. Nine-\\ntenths of this amount have been collected from the foreign\\nsettlers, whom Kruger invited into the country. No appre-\\nciable part of these taxes is expended for the benefit of the\\nforeign settlers. If this sum were equally divided among all\\nthe Boers it would furnish an annual income of about $2,000\\nfor each family, which would pay three times over all their\\nliving expenses. No such division is made; but half of these\\ntaxes have been spent in making preparations for war, and\\nthe other half devoted to the payment of enormous salaries\\nto and jobs for Kruger, his sons-in-law, and political sup-\\nporters. Kruger himself has annually received $35,000 a\\nyear salary, while on repeated occasions sums of $15,000 and-\\n$25,000 have been paid out of taxes for his direct and exclu-\\nsive benefit, as appears by public records. How much more\\nhas been spent without public record can only be guessed.\\nHis son-in-law and private secretary possesses (so says\\nMr. Hillegas) a single house costing $250,000 and rolls in\\nwealth besides, as he must, to support such a house.\\nThe official records in a Transvaal law-suit, arising up-\\non a quarrel between two sets of Boer plunderers, show that\\nevery Boer official worth bribing, including Kruger s son-in-\\nlaw, received bribes from a Boer railroad company. The\\namount of each bribe was set forth in a bill of particulars\\nfiled in open court. Not one of these men ever denied the\\nreceipt of these bribes.", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AF^RICAN QUESTION.\\nThe foreign settlers, exclusively, built Johannesburg, a\\nfine town of some fifty thousand inhabitants. They were\\nnot merely denied any right to govern that city, they were\\ndenied any municipal government whatever. This is proven,\\nnot only by the explicit statements of Mr. Hillegas, the I\\nAmerican representative of the Boers, but also by a procla-\\nmation of Paul Kruger himself, dated in January, 1896, a\\ncopy of which is in the possession of Thomas G. Sherman, a\\nwell-known writer on the Single Tax, in New York City.\\nMr. Hillegas states that not $5.00 could be expended in re-\\npairing a road or bridge without first receiving express\\nauthority from Pretoria.\\nKruger resisted the introduction of railroads for years,\\nin order to compel the miners to hire his private ox-teams at\\nenormous prices. When finally he did permit railways to be\\nbuilt, he granted the privilege exclusively to persons who\\nwould agree to give to his relations a big share of the profits.\\nHe granted monopolies of several indispensable articles of\\nsupply to the miners, with the result of doubling the price at\\nwhich they could otherwise be obtained. The whole Trans-\\nvaal Government was corrupt from top to bottom. No busi-\\nness could be done with them without bribing the President s\\nson-in-law and hangers-on.\\nHaving remonstrated against these things for many years\\nin vain, and having received frequent promises of reform\\nwhich were never kept, and were never meant to be, a num-\\nber of foreign residents, including more Americans, in pro-\\nportion to their total numbers, than of any other nationality,\\nconspired together to compel these reforms to be granted by\\nforce of arms. They collected rifles, gunpowder, etc., but\\nnever made any use of them and never committed any overt\\nact. Their offences were such as could not have been pun-\\nished in the United States with more than a short term of", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nimprisonment, or fines not exceeding $i,ooo. They neither\\nplanned nor desired to become a British colony.\\nThe conspiracy being discovered before the conspirators\\ncarried it out, sixty of them including six Americans, were\\narrested, cast into an indescribably filthy jail, and informed\\nthat unless they pleaded guilty they would all be hanged,\\nbut if they did plead guilty they would be let off with fines.\\nBeing brought into court, they were charged with an offence\\nwhich, by the express statute law of Boerdom, was punish-\\nable with nothing more than a short term of imprisonment.\\nBeing assured by the Boer prosecuting officer that they\\nwould receive no greater sentence than this, and would be\\nallowed to escape with fines if they pleaded guilty, they\\ndid so plead, although as to many of them, the offence could\\nnever have been legally proved.\\nNo judge then on the bench being quite unscrupulous\\nenough to serve Kruger s turn, he imported an utterly\\nunscrupulous judge named Gregorawiski. This judge pub-\\nlicly stated that he came for the express purpose of making\\nit hot for the Uitlanders. After the prisoners had all\\npleaded guilty, this judge announced that, as to the four\\nleaders, he would not sentence them under the statute law,\\nbut would resort to the unwritten law of the Transvaal,\\nwhich prescribed death for such an offence. Accordingly,\\nhe sentenced these four (one of them was a distinguished\\nAmerican, and probably the ablest mining engineer in the\\nworld), to death, and all the others to various terms of im-\\nprisonment and heavy fines.\\nEven the Dutch Settlers of South Africa, being horrified\\nat this sentence, and pouring, by hundreds, into Pretoria, to\\nremonstrate against it, Kruger graciously took the matter\\ninto consideration, but announced that his religious scruples\\nforbade that he should commute the death sentence into fines,", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nbecause such fines would be the price of blood, and his\\nreverence for his dear Lord Jesus forbade that he should be\\nless scrupulous than the priests of Jerusalem.\\nThe pious Boers, therefore, informed the prisoners that\\nthey could not be released on the payment of any fines, but\\nif the prisoners would of their own accord offer to subscribe\\nto charities sums ranging from $25,000 to $100,000 each for\\nthe leading men, and not less than $10,000 for anybody, the\\nmerciful President might be induced to pardon them without\\nany fines or imprisonment. Both the British and American\\nGovernments being at that time unwilling to interfere, this\\noffer had to be accepted. The American citizens all made\\nheavy contributions to charity, Mr. John H. Hammond\\npaying $100,000.\\nThese charitable contributions amounting to about\\n$1,000,000 in all, were duly paid over to His Highness Paul\\nKruger, or his son-in-law. It is needless to say that the\\ncharities have never turned up, although four years have now\\nelapsed since the $1,000,000 was safely deposited under the\\ncontrol of the pious Paul Kruger.\\nBoth the British and American Governments meekly\\nsubmitted to these outrages upon their citizens, and, in the\\nlanguage of Thomas Sherman, more shame for them both.\\nNo wonder that Kruger described both Englishmen and\\nAmericans as dogs, who, if they were good would lick his\\nboots.\\nAt last Britain has undertaken to vindicate the rights of\\nher citizens, and in so doing, is vindicating the rights of the\\ncitizens of America, and is entitled to their sympathy and\\ngratitude.\\nAll attempts that are being made to represent Britain s\\nquarrel with the Boer3 as one of conquest for the possession of\\nmines, etc., is rot of the first water. To begin with, the terri-", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\ntory, with its mines, is hers. It is open to investment of the\\nworld s capital. Britain s investments therein are small com-\\npared with those of France and Germany, but if she wants\\nthe mines she has the money to buy them. In all this busi-\\nness she opens the door to all nations alike, and asks no\\nfavors. The question is not one of material interests. The\\nquestion is to-day whether the Boer oligarchy, wiih all its\\ndespotism and disregard of human rights and liberal consti-\\ntutional government, shall drive the British race, with all\\nwhich that race represents, out of South Africa.\\nJoseph Chamberlain, having charge of Britain s colonial\\naffairs, has proclaimed before the whole world that Britain is\\nfighting for the equal rights of all men on British territory.\\nNo one can show that Britain is waging war for any\\npurpose but in defense of her own flag, which has been\\nattacked, and her own territory, which has been invaded, and\\nto uphold the equal rights of all the inhabitants.\\nAn American newspaper says, Britain s war is a battle\\nfor enlightenment and civilization, for the extension of law\\nand order, stable government that will protect the person and\\nprope ty of all classes and conditions alike. Her battle is the\\nbattle of humanity, of law, of justice, and there can be no end\\nof the war until English supremacy shall have been asserted\\nand confessed by the Free State and Transvaal Republics.\\nThere is no intelligent and dispassionate citizen of this\\ncountry who does not confess that wherever the English flag\\nand English authority have entered the lines of the barbarian\\ncivilization has erected a new altar, and its beneficent fruits\\nare visible to the whole world.\\nBut the question as to what Britain is fighting for has\\nbeen well put by Lord Salisbury, as Prime Minister, repre-\\nsenting the Empire. He has proclaimed that the British\\nGovernment has not received one dollar from South African", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nmines; that the object of the war is to uphold the flag and to\\nvindicate the equal rights to self-government of men of every\\nrace and color; that the government s sole interest was to\\nsecure good government for the people of South Africa.\\nThis declaration from the highest representative of the\\nBritish Empire is the most important ever made in history.\\nIt virtually pledges the greatest empire that ever existed to\\nthe working out of the democratic principle. It is a magni-\\nficent declaration of radical human rights. It is a proclam-\\nation that the great Anglo-Saxon, or British race, are, on a\\nworld-wide scale, the champions of the rights of man, backed\\nby the whole force and authority of the British Empire; that\\nthe rule of aristocracies, popes, and kings, by Divine right, is\\nno more, but that the people, the whole people, and nothing\\nbut the people, under British rule, are supreme.\\nThis is the issue of the hour. The general hatred hurled\\nso fiercely at the British race is the result of tBe exhibition\\nof this spirit in their past history. From the earliest times,\\nthe true Britain has contended for self-government. The\\nbattle against papal rule proves it; the conflicts against kings\\ntell the same story. The old land has driven out and\\ndethroned more kings than any other nation on the globe.\\nThe struggle against Charles the First gave the fatal blow to\\nthe Divine right of kings. It was that war which opened\\nthe way and made it possible for the American Republic\\nto be established.\\nIt was men of that race, they who brought Charles to the\\nblock, and afterwards gave a constitution to William of\\nOrange, that on this continent stood out against George the\\nThird, that laid the foundations of this republic. It was the\\ndescendants of the men who fought with Oliver Cromwell,\\nthat stood and fought for the right at Lexington and Bunker", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "THK SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\nHill, and fought on, with the help of French republicans\\nuntil Saxon George was victorious at Yorktown.\\nIt was in England that the great contest for representa-\\ntive government was fought out and established. Every\\nparliamentary rule known in legislative bodies originated in\\nthe British House of Commons. She is known as the mother\\nof free commonwealths, and her sons are filling the earth\\nwith republican institutions. This is why despotic govern-\\nments are ever ready to strike her down.\\nThis, as the London Times says, explains the bitterness\\nof feeling against her in Germany, the ruling classes being\\nTories of the reign of Charles the Second, if not royalists of\\nthe reign of Charles the First. They devoutly believe in\\nroyalty by light Divine, and an hereditary and territorial\\nnobility, the support and ornament of the throne. Eiberalism\\nin all shapes is abhorrent to them, but of all the forms of\\nliberalism, they most cordially detest the system of consti-\\ntutional government as developed in this country since the\\nbeginning of the century They detest it because they fear it.\\nIt reconciled order and liberty. They have forgiven Russia\\nfor assisting Napoleon to dismember Prussia, in consideration\\nof her devotion to monarchial principles and her resolute\\nopposition to popular rights and to constitutional govern-\\nment.\\nIt is this long fight with all forms of despotism which\\nhas made the Anglo-Saxon disliked. His championship of\\nrepresentative government, of liberty of thought, and freedom\\nof trade, has made him a world of enemies. In every field\\nof industry, in every workshop and factory, all through\\nsociety, he is singled out as a target at which is hurled the\\npoisoned darts of malignant hate on the part of the slaves\\nand sworn supporters of political and theological despotism.\\nHe is surrounded by hordes of enemies bound by solemn", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "THE SOUTH AFRICAN QUESTION.\\noaths to extirpate him from the earth, they pursue him\\neverywhere and strike him in every form, both in the light\\nand in the dark; they strive to keep him from all positions\\nand rob him of all chance to earn bread. No man is so\\nmuch criticised, insulted, ostracised and outlawed. Un-\\nprotected and outnumbered, he is turned out of court because\\nhe is a friend of liberty.\\nHis success in opening up the world to liberal institu-\\ntions has led to war, in which the fate of those institutions\\nand the standing of the British race are involved. The forces\\nof despotism have been marshalled in battle array against\\nBritain, because they know that in the success of Britain s\\nsoldiers British cannon will sound the death-knell of oligar-\\nchic despotism. A world-wide conspiracy, in the spirit of the\\nHoly Alliance, which Britain once defeated, is actively\\nat work in the hope that in Britain s defeat the forces of\\nconstitutional liberty may be overthrown.\\nIn this state of affairs, a Nelsonic call to duty runs\\nalong the line demanding the formation of an Angi,o-Saxon\\nBrotherhood, embracing the whole British race the world\\nover, to maintain what their forefathers won, and to meet\\nin the spirit of their fathers, this new Holy Alliance, with\\nan overwhelming defeat so effectual that it may never again\\nraise its monstrous head, or evermore be kindled into life to\\nenslave mankind.", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "The An\u00c2\u00a7:lo=Saxon Brotherhood\\nfleets at\\nSCHUYLER S HALL, 6th and Diamond Sts.\\nEvery Sunday at 2 P. M. and Every Thursday Evening at 8 o clock\\nThe purposes of this Brotherhood, as announced in its\\nPreamble, are the drawing together in closer communion of\\nall persons of Anglo-Saxon or British lineage, whether born\\nunder the protection of the glorious old banner that s braved\\na thousand years the battle and the breeze, or under the\\nbonnie blue flag of Columbia, destined, no doubt, ere long to\\nshare with each other the empire of the seas.\\nThe Brotherhood requires of candidates for admission\\nno declaration of religious beliefs or political affiliations\\nother than those covered by its Preamble, and in putting the\\nadmission fee and the monthly dues at the very modest fig-\\nures of twenty-five and ten cents respectively, enables all\\nAnglo-Saxons, irrespective of financial status, to an equal\\nshare in its benefits and an equal voice in its councils.\\nTo all of our race we extend a hearty invitation to join,\\nand assist in making this Brotherhood what we believe it\\nwill become, viz., second to none in numbers, intelligence\\nor influence.\\nFor the convenience of those residing at a distance we\\nare now prepared to organize Branches, and grant subordinate\\nCharters, and we earnestly request the members of the Sons\\nof St. George, the Caledonian Societies, the American Pro-\\ntestant Association and all kindred societies, to visit our\\nmeetings or correspond with the Recording Secretary, who\\nwill be pleased to furnish any desired information.\\nM -TW ALFRED* D. MORRIS,\\nj^^ Wi -.p.^ *iJ^^QfL Recording Secretary.]\\n2708 W. Lehigh AveSii^, Philadelphia.", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "5 J^\\n0\u00c2\u00b0 :J^% \u00c2\u00b0c\\n4^ :J^L-\\n^0\\no V\\n^O *^^o C Deacidified using the Bookkeeper process.\\nit^ _^ Neutralizing agent: Magnesium Oxide\\nTreatment Date: June 2003\\nPreservationTechnologies\\n^j. A WORLD LEADER IN PAPER PRESERVATION\\nAV V*K 11 Thomson Park Drive\\n^\u00e2\u0080\u00a2v\\nCranberry Township, PA 1 6066\\n(724) 779-21 1 1", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "^o ^^S^^- ^o\\\\\\nV o^\\n^v^-V^.\\nc\\n0\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^v.^^", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2791", "width": "1785", "jp2-path": "southafricanques00phil_0052.jp2"}}