{"1": {"fulltext": "i 1 til\\nM\\\\m", "height": "3630", "width": "2271", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "LIBR ARYOF CONG RESS\\nChapZEufCopyright No.^^\\nShelf.\\n-T334-\\nUNITED STATES OF AMERICA.", "height": "3460", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3412", "width": "2300", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3448", "width": "2264", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "FOREIGN MISSIONS\\nOF THE\\nPROTESTANT\\nCHURCHES\\nI\\nSTEPHEN L. BALDWIN, D.D.\\nNEW YORK: EATON MAINS\\nCINCINNATI: JENNINGS PYE", "height": "3444", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "4080\\nTWO COPlfc.^ ..cotWED,\\nLibrary of Congret*\\nOffice of the\\nM 1 1900\\nRtfUttr of Copyrlfkt*\\n97-tOy 3, /fat)\\nSfcCOND COPY. \u00c2\u00a3^0\u00c2\u00b0\\n6*888 ^*A\\nCopyright by\\nEATON MAINS,\\n1900.\\nEaton Mains Press,\\n150 Fifth Avenue, New York.", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "r\\nPREFACE\\nNO claim to striking originality is made for\\nthis volume, and it contains no profound\\nphilosophizing in regard to foreign missionary\\nwork. Its object is to present some of the prin-\\nciples which underlie the missionary work of\\nProtestantism, to discriminate between concep-\\ntions of missions and missionary work that are\\ntrue and those that are false, to consider the call\\nand the qualifications of missionaries, briefly to\\ntreat of some of the methods by which the mis-\\nsionary work of the churches is managed from\\nthe home side and some that are employed in the\\nwork on the various fields, and to give brief out-\\nline summaries of the work of the numerous soci-\\neties engaged in it but not to attempt at any\\nlength a detailed history of the work which\\nwould require a much larger volume. Excellent\\nworks having such an object in view are already\\nprovided, and yet there may be room for one\\nwhich will bring into as condensed form as possi-\\nble a history of the work of Protestant missions\\ngenerally.\\n3", "height": "3444", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "Preface\\nA presentation is made of the different classes\\nof fields occupied and of the general progress\\ntherein, and statistical tables are added to give a\\nsummarized view of some important items con-\\nnected with the work of the Methodist Episcopal\\nChurch as well as of the whole Protestant mis-\\nsionary work.\\nSome of the books specially consulted were the\\nCyclopedia of Missions, edited by Dr. Edwin M.\\nBliss and published by Funk Wagnalls, New\\nYork Smith s Short History of Christian Missions,\\npublished by T. T. Clark, Edinburgh, together\\nwith various pamphlets and reports by different\\nmissionary societies. Where extended quota-\\ntions are made it has been the purpose to give\\nfull credit to the authors.\\nIt is hoped that the volume will be of use to\\nstudents for the ministry, to those contemplating\\nor who ought to be contemplating foreign mis-\\nsionary work, to all interested in the missionary\\ncause, and that it may in its humble way further\\nthe advance of the kingdom of Christ in the earth\\nby helping to increase the desire and the deter-\\nmination to fully obey the Saviour s command\\nand as speedily as possible secure the preaching\\nof the gospel, attended with its saving power, to\\nall the inhabitants of the world.\\nStephen L. Baldwin.\\nNew York, N. Y.\\n4", "height": "3448", "width": "2312", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS\\nCHAPTER PAGE\\nI Nature and Scope of Christian Missions 7\\nII False and True Conceptions of Missions\\nand Missionary Work .24\\nIII The Call and Qualifications of Mis-\\nsionaries 41\\nIV Home Organization and Methods 58\\nV Methods and Administration in the\\nForeign Field .64\\nVI Origin and Growth of Protestant For-\\neign Missions 81\\nVII Formation of British Missionary So-\\ncieties 88\\nBaptist Missionary Society Society for the Propaga-\\ntion of the Gospel London Missionary Society Church\\nMissionary Society Wesleyan Missionary Society Eng-\\nlish Presbyterian Society Scotch Presbyterian Society\\nMethodist New Connexion Missionary Society\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Irish\\nPresbyterian Foreign Missions Foreign Missions of the\\nWelsh Calvinistic Presbyterian Church Primitive Meth-\\nodist Missionary Society South American Missionary\\nSociety Friends Foreign Missionary Association North\\nAfrican Mission Congo Balolo Mission United Meth-\\nodist Free Churches Missionary Society Universities\\nMission to Central Africa British and Foreign Bible\\nSociety Free Church of Scotland United Presbyterian\\nChurch China Inland Mission Other Societies in Great\\nBritain.\\n5", "height": "3436", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "Contents\\nCHAPTER PAGE\\nVIII Continental Missionary Societies .129\\nBasle Missionary Society Berlin Missionary Society\\nForeign Missions of the Moravians Rhenish Mission\\nSociety North German Missionary Society Gossner\\nMissionary Society Leipzig Missionary Society Her-\\nnannsburg Missionary Society Schleswig-Holstein\\nMissionary Society Other German Societies Danish\\nMissionary Society Norwegian Mission Society Swe-\\ndish Missions Finland Missionary Society Missionary\\nSocieties in Holland Paris Evangelical Society Free\\nChurches of Switzerland.\\nIX American Missionary Societies 146\\nAmerican Board American Baptist Missionary Union\\nMissionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church\\nReformed (Dutch) Board of Missions Reformed (Ger-\\nman) Board Presbyterian Board Southern Presbyterian\\nBoard United Presbyterian Board Cumberland Presby-\\nterian Board Reformed Presbyterian Boards Southern\\nBaptist Board Freewill Baptist Society Board of Mis-\\nsions of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South\\nProtestant Episcopal Missionary Society American Bible\\nSociety Other Societies of the United States.\\nCanadian Foreign Mission Societies .206\\nCongregationalists Methodist Church of Canada\\nPresbyterian Church of Canada Church of England in\\nCanada Baptists of Canada.\\nX Women s Foreign Missionary Societies 209\\nXI Mission Fields of the World 214\\nXII Progress at Home and Abroad 240\\nXIII The Outlook 248\\nXIV Statistics 254", "height": "3468", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "FOREIGN MISSIONS\\nOF THE\\nPROTESTANT CHURCHES\\nCHAPTER I\\nNature and Scope of Christian Missions\\nThe root idea of the word missions is that\\nof sending. It comprehends the act of sending, the\\nstate of being sent, and the persons sent. The term\\nChristian Missions includes the act of sending\\npersons to preach the gospel of Christ, the persons\\nthus sent, and also their operations.\\nMissions imply an authority sending, as well as\\npersons sent, objects to be accomplished, and means\\nto be used. For example, the United States sends\\na mission to Great Britain. The authority sending\\nis the Government, representing the people of the\\nUnited States. The person sent is a trusted citizen\\nof the commonwealth, who is made for this pur-\\npose the representative of the Government and the\\nnation. The object to be accomplished is the nego-\\ntiation of a treaty to secure certain rights and priv-\\nileges. The means to be used are argument, per-\\nsuasion, and the concession of certain rights and\\nprivileges in return for those to be secured.\\n7", "height": "3440", "width": "2256", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nThe authority in Christian Missions is the Lord\\nJesus Christ. He is the Head of the kingdom\\nwhose interests these missions are intended to pro-\\nmote. When he instituted them he affirmed: All\\npower is given unto me in heaven and in earth;\\nor, as the Revised Version renders it, All authority\\nhath been given unto me in heaven and on earth.\\nPaul desired the Ephesian Christians to know\\nwhat is the exceeding greatness of his power to\\nus-ward who believe, according to the working of\\nhis mighty power, which he wrought in Christ,\\nwhen he raised him from the dead, and set him at\\nhis own right hand in the heavenly places, far above\\nall principality, and power, and might, and domin-\\nion, and every name that is named, not only in this\\nworld, but also in that which is to come; and hath\\nput all things under his feet, and gave him to be\\nthe head over all things to the church, which is his\\nbody, the fullness of him that filleth all in all.\\nEph. i, 19-23.\\nThe persons commissioned are, in a general sense,\\nall disciples. The Spirit and the bride say, Come;\\nand let him that heareth say, Come. Every one\\nwho has heard the Master s voice is delegated to\\nmake known the gracious invitation of divine\\nmercy. So we read in the very earliest history of\\nthe Christian Church, when the disciples were\\nwidely scattered by cruel persecution, Therefore\\nthey that were scattered abroad went every where\\npreaching the word.\\n8", "height": "3448", "width": "2316", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nIn this sense every disciple is an ambassador of\\nChrist to his fellow men, but in a more special sense\\nthe ministry is set apart for this work. The old\\nqueries of the great Apostle to the Gentiles have\\nlost none of their force or pertinency: How shall\\nthey believe in him of whom they have not heard?\\nand how shall they hear without a preacher? and\\nhow shall they preach except they be sent? The\\nsinful race must be brought to trust in Him who\\ngave himself for them but in order to trust in him\\nit is necessary that they should know him, and be-\\ncome acquainted with the blessing he has to bestow\\nand the terms he has to offer. That they may come\\nto this knowledge it is necessary that the proclama-\\ntion of this divine Saviour and the terms of his\\nmercy be clearly and definitely made universally\\nknown. That this may be authoritatively done there\\nmust be persons duly authorized and regularly com-\\nmissioned to go forth and make them known. So,\\nfrom the beginning, chosen men, called of God,\\nhave been solemnly set apart to this work; conse-\\ncrating their lives to this glorious service, a work\\nthat indeed\\nmight fill an angel s heart,\\nAnd filled a Saviour s hands.\\nThis is not the place to discuss the call and qual-\\nifications of the Christian ministry. It is only re-\\nferred to here as necessary to the complete view of\\nour subject. Special calls to and qualifications for\\nspecific missionary work will come under review\\n9", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nhereafter. We are now to consider the work com-\\nmitted to Christ s ambassadors.\\nIt is very tersely and definitely stated in Christ s\\nown words, as given by Mark (xvi, 15) Go ye\\ninto all the world, and preach the gospel to every\\ncreature. It contemplates making known the gos-\\npel provisions of salvation to every human being.\\nThis is the simple yet grand and majestic work\\ncommitted to the hands of the Christian ministry.\\nIt will be seen that it leaves little room for making\\na distinction between home and foreign missions.\\nThe mission of Christ s ambassadors is one. If we\\npreach to sinners in America it is because they are\\nincluded in all the world and every creature to\\nwhom we are sent. The same authority which per-\\nmits us to preach to them binds us to preach to the\\ndwellers on the mountain sides of China, to the\\ntribes of interior Africa, and to the inhabitants of\\nthe isles of the sea.\\nMatthew (xxviii, 19, 20) gives a fuller form of\\nthe Great Commission in these words Go ye there-\\nfore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the\\nname of the Father, and of the Son, and of the\\nHoly Ghost; teaching them to observe all things\\nwhatsoever I have commanded you. Revised Ver-\\nsion Go ye therefore, and make disciples of all\\nthe nations, baptizing them into the name of the\\nFather and of the Son and of the Holy Ghost:\\nteaching them to observe all things whatsoever I\\ncommanded you.\\n10", "height": "3460", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nNo embassy ever had its work more clearly de-\\nfined. Go ye into all the world. That disposes\\nof the idea sometimes advanced that we are to\\nspread the gospel by letting all the world come to\\nus. We are told, This is the great gathering place\\nof all the nations; here are Swedes and Germans\\nand Italians and Chinese and Japanese, let us stay\\nhere and evangelize our own country; we can con-\\nvert Germans and Scandinavians and Chinese faster\\nhere than we can in their native lands. But in the\\nmarching orders of Christianity there is no com-\\nmission nor permission to stay here. The first\\nword in our charter is Go! This is the keynote\\nof Christianity, and it sounds at once in the heart\\nof every new-born child of God.\\nThe arms of love that compass me\\nWould all mankind embrace.\\nAnd, although he goes first to those nearest to him,\\nthe impulse to go and the object in going can never\\nbe satisfied until those who dwell in the uttermost\\nparts of the earth are reached. Though the opposi-\\ntion in our churches to foreign missions has much\\nweakened there is still in many quarters a marked\\nindifference to them, to say the least and the ques-\\ntion is sometimes asked, as if there were some pon-\\nderous significance in it Were not the disciples\\ncommanded to begin at Jerusalem? Certainly they\\nwere; but the emphasis in that instruction is not on\\nthe word Jerusalem. There must be some place to", "height": "3428", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nstart, and the best place for that purpose is always\\njust where one is. The disciples were in Jerusalem,\\nand that was the place for them to begin. The\\npurport of the divine direction was, Take up the\\nwork where you are, and then go on as God opens\\nthe way. But the Master took good care that the\\ndisciples should not stay in Jerusalem, even using\\npersecution to make an intensely missionary church\\nof them; sending them every where preaching the\\nword.\\nThe field is the world. The whole field must\\nbe worked. Every foot of the territory must be\\nsubdued to its rightful Master. How many shall\\nbe employed here and how many there must be de-\\ncided by sanctified Christian generalship; but the\\nwhole field must be kept in view, and every local\\nmovement ought to have reference to the enterprise\\nas a whole and to the final result. Whether Grant\\nshould go down through the Wilderness, or lay\\nsiege to Richmond, or attack Petersburg; whether\\nSherman should help in these operations, or should\\nrather go sweeping down to the Gulf and then turn\\nnorthward to crush the enemy between his forces\\nand those of Grant these were questions of ex-\\npediency to be decided in view of the final result,\\nthe entire conquest of the whole field for the Union.\\nSo it may be a question of expediency how many\\nmen shall be sent to China, how many to Japan,\\nhow many to Africa, this year. But that any man\\nshall say, I have a commission to preach to a fash-\\n12", "height": "3448", "width": "2280", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nionable congregation in Boston, or Philadelphia, or\\nChicago, and I do not acknowledge any responsi-\\nbility beyond this, is not permissible. There is no\\nsuch commission. The commission is to go into\\nall the world, and preach the gospel to every crea-\\nture. In what particular portion of the field any\\nminister shall just now labor is a question to be\\ndecided by providential indications, by divinely sent\\nimpressions, and by the use of sanctified common\\nsense; but let no ambassador of Christ try to shirk\\nthe obligation imposed upon him by his commis-\\nsion. Nay, let no one of them be willing that a single\\nword shall be omitted from his glorious credential!\\nIn this field the work to be done is to preach the\\ngospel. Men are rebels to be brought into alle-\\ngiance; sinners to be saved. There is only one\\nauthority competent to settle the terms, and this\\nauthority has settled them. The business of his\\nambassadors is to proclaim those terms. They are\\nvery simple. The words of Paul to Timothy and\\nthe words of Paul and Silas to the Philippian jailer\\ncover them Christ Jesus came into the world to\\nsave sinners. Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ,\\nand thou shalt be saved.\\nTo make known the coming and the sacrifice of\\nChrist, its object, and the way by which that object\\nmay be secured, this is the clearly defined work of\\nChrist s ambassadors. A plainer or more simple\\ncommission no mortal ever held. A grander or sub-\\nlimer one was never entrusted to archangel. To the\\n13", "height": "3436", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nblood-stained millions of earth this message comes\\nYou have sinned, and God s wrath is evermore\\nagainst sin. You cannot save yourselves. But God,\\nwhom you have offended, still loves you, and he him-\\nself has planned the means of your redemption.\\nHis only Son has suffered for you, and if you will\\ngive yourselves to him he will take your case into his\\nown hands, forgive all your past sins, and purify\\nyour hearts so that you can render acceptable serv-\\nice to your King. This, then, is the message which\\nis to be taken to all men. There must be no toning\\ndown, no compromise.\\nNo distinction as to these plain terms of salva-\\ntion can be made between sinners on Fifth Avenue\\nand sinners at the Five Points. If the former do\\nnot like the classification into which this throws\\nthem their best course is to get out of it by giving\\ntheir hearts to Christ. Paul had no terms to offer\\nto the cultured Athenians different from those given\\nto the rude islanders of Melita. Our work would\\nbe very much more complicated if we were com-\\npelled to adapt the conditions of salvation to the\\nvarious classes of men we are to meet, but as it is\\nwe have perfectly clear sailing. There is no dan-\\nger of mistake except when we depart from the\\nterms of the commission. When we preach to men\\nas sinners, when we hold up Christ before them as\\nthe Saviour, when we tell that the salvation he has\\nprovided is to be realized by immediately accepting\\nhis terms and giving him the full trust of their\\n14", "height": "3448", "width": "2296", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nhearts we are in no danger of making a mistake.\\nIt is as safe to make this proclamation in Japan or\\nZululand as in Boston, and as safe to make it in\\nBoston as in any heathen land. If we go to philos-\\nophizing on theories of the atonement it is quite\\npossible we may bewilder our hearers and find our-\\nselves bewildered if we spend our time in attempts\\nto justify all the ways of God to man we may in-\\nvolve both ourselves and our hearers in serious dif-\\nficulty; but if we are loyal to our commission, and\\nproclaim everywhere the divine terms of salvation\\non the authority of him whose ambassadors we are,\\nwe will be upon firm ground, sure of his approval\\nand of his blessing.\\nBut not only are Christ s ambassadors authorized\\nto proclaim the terms of salvation. They are com-\\nmanded to make disciples of all nations, Baptizing\\nthem in the name of the Father, and of the Son,\\nand of the Holy Ghost. But they are not to be\\nbaptized in order to make disciples of them, as some\\neven in our day erroneously teach. Christ never\\nattributed any saving power to the water of bap-\\ntism. When some of the members of the church\\nmilitant, of whom ecclesiastical history tells us,\\nmarched into a country and drove the inhabitants\\nby thousands to baptism they went far beyond the\\ncommission. Even in regard to the ceremony of the\\nolder dispensation the apostle said, Neither is that\\ncircumcision which is outward in the flesh but\\ncircumcision is that of the heart, in the spirit, and\\n15", "height": "3436", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nnot in the letter. If not even a true Jew could be\\nmade by circumcision certainly a true Christian\\ncannot be made by baptism.\\nAll the subjects of this kingdom are voluntary\\nones. As Philip said to the eunuch who desired\\nbaptism so all true ambassadors of Christ say to-\\nday to every applicant, If thou believest with all\\nthine heart thou mayest. We have no commission\\nto baptize heathen or unbelieving sinners of any\\nother kind. We are commissioned to proclaim the\\nterms of salvation and urge their acceptance. When\\nthose terms have been accepted, and the persons to\\nwhom we preach have yielded their hearts to Christ,\\nthen we are authorized to bestow the outward sign\\nof the inward grace; allowing them to make public\\nprofession of what they have experienced. We are\\nnot to baptize them to make disciples, but because\\nthey are disciples. We do not affix a seal to a deed\\nin order to make the deed, but to show that it is\\nmade. This work of discipling is to go on until we\\nshall have made disciples of all the nations.\\nNothing less than this can fulfill the terms of our\\ncommission.\\nBut a most important part of the work included\\nin the commission remains still to be considered:\\nTeaching them to observe all things whatsoever\\nI have commanded you. Not only are men to\\nbe turned from their sinful lives and led to make\\nfull surrender to Christ, but they are to be trained\\nin all that belongs to citizenship in his kingdom;\\n16", "height": "3448", "width": "2360", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nin obedience of heart, of spirit, of life; in the growth\\nand development of Christian character. Just as we\\nsay of the freedman, It is not enough that he is a\\ncitizen; he must be instructed in the Constitution\\nand laws of his country and in the duties of cit-\\nizenship, so we may say of the newly admitted\\ncitizens of Christ s kingdom; and the commission\\nmakes provision for this very necessary and impor-\\ntant work. Those who are brought out of rebellion\\ninto allegiance must be instructed, and that which\\nis to be the subject-matter of instruction is all\\nthings which Christ has commanded. The work of\\nindoctrination in the great cardinal truths of the\\ngospel and in the duties of the Christian life must\\nbe thoroughly performed if we are true to the terms\\nof our commission. It is not enough that converts\\nare made, though a loose phraseology is often used\\nthat seems to imply that the work is all done when a\\nman is converted; but whenever a babe is born\\nthere is a child to be trained, and in every mission\\nstation the addition of converts implies an immense\\nafter-work to be done in training these babes in\\nChrist in all that belongs to the commandments of\\ntheir divine Master. This may be a far more diffi-\\ncult and troublesome work than the simple procla-\\nmation of the gospel, but it is not therefore to be\\nneglected or slighted. Missionaries have been\\nknown ere this who delighted to roam over the\\ncountry preaching the gospel and who much pre-\\nferred that all the details of church organization,\\n(2) 17", "height": "3448", "width": "2168", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nthe oversight and training of the converts in all that\\npertains to godliness, should be left to other hands.\\nBut we are never to forget that it is as much a part\\nof our commission to teach the disciples as it is to\\nget them to be disciples.\\nOur consideration of Christian Missions has thus\\nbrought before us, i. The authority sending: the\\nLord Jesus Christ. 2. The persons sent all his dis-\\nciples, and in a special sense the ministers of his\\nword. 3. The object to be accomplished the bring-\\ning of all people into allegiance. 4. The means to\\nbe used the preaching of the gospel, and instruction\\nand training in the teachings of Christ. His ambas-\\nsadors, engaged in this great work, are inspired\\nby the gracious promise of his presence with them\\nalway, even unto the end of the world.\\nThis presents Christianity to us as an essentially\\naggressive institution whose object is nothing less\\nthan the conquest of the whole world for Christ.\\nIt leaves no debatable ground. Loyalty to Christ\\nrequires acceptance of the commission and obedi-\\nence to it. Christianity does not accept a position\\nas one of the religions of the world. The proposi-\\ntion to admit Jesus as one of the gods of the Roman\\npantheon could not be accepted; when Jesus ap-\\npeared there it was the signal for all the heathen\\ngods to leave. No true servant of Christ can con-\\nsent to place his Master alongside of Socrates, of\\nZoroaster, of Buddha, or of Confucius, and say, I\\ngive homage to all he must rather say, I bow be-\\n18", "height": "3448", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nfore Christ as the all in all. All of truth, in any\\nrealm of thought, that has been given to any sage\\nor philosopher let us gladly acknowledge; but when\\nthe way of salvation is asked for there is but one\\nname given among men. There is but one reli-\\ngion, and that is for the whole race; and its one\\nHead is the King before whom every knee must\\nbow, and whom every tongue must confess. Any\\nman who looks upon Christianity as one of the\\nredemptive agencies for mankind a civilizing and\\nelevating power among others has a radically\\nwrong conception. It claims to be the divinely or-\\ndained system for the salvation of the race. It\\nmust be taken to all the world. It must be preached\\nto every creature. It must conquer individual\\nhearts, and by making these heart conquests dis-\\nciple all the nations.\\nIt is in the nature of things that such a system\\nmust be aggressive. A religion intended for all\\nmankind, adapted to all mankind, claiming the hom-\\nage of every human being, putting forth as its ob-\\nject at the very outset the discipling of all nations\\nsuch a religion cannot be otherwise than aggres-\\nsive. Its claims are in conflict with those of all\\nother religions the world has known. It boldly\\nproclaims that salvation is not to be found in any\\nof them. It tells not of a saviour, but of the one\\nonly Saviour and it insists that he must reign until\\nhe has put all things under his feet. This is the\\ntrue light of Asia, because it is the light which\\n19", "height": "3428", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nlighteth every man that cometh into the world.\\nInasmuch as men love darkness rather than light,\\nthere are those in the midst of Christianity s sun-\\nshine who talk of the great teachers, Plato and\\nSocrates and Zoroaster and Jesus who dwell on the\\nbeautiful teachings of these great teachers, to\\nwhom they yield almost if not quite equal homage;\\nwho compliment Buddhism and Brahmanism as\\nbeing well adapted to the people among whom those\\nreligions flourish men who boast of their liberality,\\nand of having escaped from all bonds of supersti-\\ntious reverence, but who do not seem to compre-\\nhend that there is a world of rebels against God to\\nbe dealt with, and that God himself has prescribed\\nthe terms on which these rebels may be pardoned\\nand become members of his own household.\\nWe are called to a very serious and earnest work.\\nWe have no time to spend in passing compliments\\non false systems of religion; in throwing the light\\nof Christianity around a form of godless heathenism\\nuntil we get some partially sensible people to be-\\nlieve that it is almost as good as Christianity itself.\\nChristianity is everything, for this fallen race, or\\nnothing. If it be not what it professes to be the\\none way of salvation for all men it is a delusion\\nand an imposture. Every true minister of Christ is\\nnecessarily a missionary. Inwrought in his soul\\nis the conviction that the world needs Christ; that\\nChrist is provided for the world; that the world\\nmay receive him; and this conviction enables him", "height": "3448", "width": "2272", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nto proclaim in all sincerity the great truth of the\\ngospel that Christ Jesus came into the world to\\nsave sinners.\\nAnother thought is connected incidentally with\\nthe subject of this chapter. This review of the\\nnature and scope of Christian Missions gives us the\\ntrue basis of missionary work; namely, obedience\\nto the command of Christ our King. It is irrelevant\\nto inquire how many of the heathen may possibly\\nbe saved without a personal knowledge of Christ.\\nWe are not responsible for the dead heathen, ex-\\ncept in so far as we may have allowed them to die\\nin heathenism when we might have taken the light of\\nthe gospel to them. It is not necessary that we should\\nsettle what their condition is. It is enough for ev-\\nery loyal subject to know that his commission reads,\\nGo preach make disciples. Is not this divine\\ncommand the very best authority and the grandest\\ninspiration for the work? But we are asked, Does\\nnot the Master say, He that believeth and is bap-\\ntized shall be saved; and he that believeth not shall\\nbe damned Yes; but nobody construes this lan-\\nguage to imply that literally everyone who does not\\nbelieve personally on Christ must be eternally lost.\\nNo one in these days applies it to infants dying in\\ninfancy. Sanctified common-sense interprets it, of\\nthose to whom this message comes, and who are\\ncapable of comprehending it, he that believeth and\\nis baptized shall be saved.\\nMinisters of Christ ought to take the broadest\\n21", "height": "3448", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nand noblest view of their grand vocation. It should\\nnot be considered a commission to take charge of\\nsome well-established church in a pleasant and cul-\\ntured community. That will have to be done by\\nsome, as a part of the great work, but no earnest\\nservant of God should be anxious to do it. It is a\\nuseful work to take a beautiful garden, in which are\\nelegant flowers and luscious fruits, and till it, prun-\\ning a little here and there, adding to its decorations,\\ndeveloping more new varieties of beautiful flowers,\\ntrimming the hedges, and improving its appearance,\\nwithout much real addition to its usefulness, but\\nit is a grander, a nobler, a more soul-inspiring work\\nto go into the midst of a wilderness and make a\\ngarden there. To see the changes which come over\\nit as chaos and disorder are gradually resolved into\\nforms of beauty; as barrenness and bleakness give\\nplace to fertility and fruitfulness. Considering the\\nMaster we serve, the work he gives us to do, the\\nobject he designs to accomplish, which seems the\\nmore desirable: to have it written, He came to\\nthis church. It had four hundred and twenty-five\\nmembers; he received seventy-five more; he weeded\\nout fifty names that ought not to have been on the\\nchurch rolls he left us with four hundred and fifty.\\nHe reduced the debt from ten thousand to five thou-\\nsand dollars; he was a good pastor and a faithful\\npreacher or to have it written, as it was of the noble\\nmissionary to one of the New Hebrides islands,\\nWhen he came there was not one Christian when\\n22", "height": "3448", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nhe left there was not one heathen It is not in-\\ntended to intimate that all ministers should become\\nmissionaries to the heathen, but to say, Covet\\nearnestly the best gifts. Seek to do the most pos-\\nsible for Christ your Lord. Be glad of the call that\\ntakes you to the front; that honors you with the\\norder to advance into the enemy s country for your\\nMaster. Hold yourself in readiness for the Mas-\\nter s call. The spirit of full surrender, of deep and\\nthorough consecration of yourself and all your pow-\\ners, which will enable you to do this, will be your\\nbest qualification for the Master s work whether\\nthat work is to be done at home or abroad.\\n23", "height": "3432", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nCHAPTER II\\nFalse and True Conceptions of Missions\\nand Missionary Work\\nIt is important at the outset to get a true con-\\nception of missionary work, especially as to its real\\nplace in the activities of the Christian Church. We\\nshall be greatly assisted in forming a right con-\\nception by examining various false conceptions\\nwhich are entertained, and are widely prevalent, in\\nregard to this matter.\\nIt is a very common error to look upon mis-\\nsionary work as simply one of the benevolent agen-\\ncies of the times. The place it occupies in many\\nminds may be represented in this way In the com-\\nmunity are many children who are left orphans and\\nwho are in circumstances of great need. It is the\\ndictate of the human heart to care for them and to\\nprovide for their education so as to fit them for the\\nduties of life, therefore an orphan asylum is insti-\\ntuted where these unfortunate ones can be received,\\nwhere kind care will be given them, and every\\neffort will be made to fit them to become useful\\nmembers of society.\\nAgain, we find in the community many deaf\\nmutes. Their inability to hear and speak puts them\\nto disadvantage in many respects and shuts them\\n24", "height": "3448", "width": "2272", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nout from instruction in the ordinary schools. They\\nmust have special institutions and peculiar methods\\nof education. Humanity dictates that special pro-\\nvision should be made for them, and therefore in-\\nstitutions are organized where this unfortunate class\\ncan receive the instruction adapted to their peculiar\\nnecessities.\\nHere are also large numbers of blind people.\\nDeprivation of sight is a great calamity to them.\\nBenevolence says, Help them in their trouble; open\\ninstitutions to receive them. They cannot be taught\\nto read our common books; make books for them\\nwith raised letters, so that fingers may do the work\\nof eyes, and they may thus have opened to them the\\nHoly Scriptures and books of useful knowledge.\\nHence arise our institutions for the blind.\\nNow, the conception which many people entertain\\nof mission work is right along on this line. Here\\nis a class of unfortunate people who have been\\ntaught to worship idols and whose minds are dark-\\nened by ignorance and gross superstitions. They\\nare in a sad and pitiable condition. It is the dictate\\nof benevolence to send to them the light of Chris-\\ntianity,. There ought to be an organized effort for\\ntheir enlightenment and salvation, and it is well\\nfor all humane men to give their countenance and\\nsupport to such a movement.\\nThe effect of such a view of mission work upon\\nthose holding it is not difficult of discovery. The\\nman who holds it, when applied to for help for an\\n25", "height": "3448", "width": "2184", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\norphan asylum, or for an institution for the blind\\nor for the deaf and dumb, says to himself, How\\nmuch can I spare for this benevolence? and he\\nmakes a donation larger or smaller according to\\nvarious circumstances which combine to affect his\\ndecision. To his mind, the appeal for help in car-\\nrying on mission work presents very much the same\\naspect: it is simply one cry amid innumerable\\nothers for help; and it seems a far-away and indis-\\ntinct cry compared with some of those that are\\nnear at hand, and which appear to him very ur-\\ngent. The work of missions therefore takes its\\nplace with him among the other benevolences; he\\ngives to it a greater or less sum, with more or less\\nheartiness, just as to any other of the benevolences\\nupon which he bestows his aid. That this is a rad-\\nically wrong conception will clearly appear when we\\ncome to contrast it with the right conception.\\nAnother view quite commonly taken of mission-\\nary work is that which regards it as a civilizing and\\neducating agency. There are many men who are\\nprofoundly impressed with the great blessings of\\ncivilization. They regard nations which are in a\\nbarbaric condition with intense pity; and nations\\nthat are lacking in any of the elements of the best\\nand highest civilization excite their commiseration\\njust in proportion to their deficiency in this respect.\\nThen, too, anything that adds to the general sum of\\nhuman knowledge anything that throws light on\\nthe history, the geography, the philosophy of foreign\\n26", "height": "3468", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\ncountries, or makes known the peculiar customs and\\nhabits of their people is regarded with great favor.\\nThe establishment of schools for instruction in\\nWestern learning is welcomed by such persons.\\nThey favor exploration societies, which seek to dig\\nup from the earth the ruins of ancient cities and\\nbring to light the hidden things of ancient history.\\nThey look with great favor upon such a movement\\nas that of Stanley s, to establish a great free state\\nin Central Africa to be a center of enlightenment\\nand of healthful influence to all the surrounding\\ntribes. Anything which will help the adjustment\\nof favorable moral conditions meets with their phil-\\nanthropic welcome.\\nNow, there are not wanting many who view the\\nmissionary enterprise simply in the light of a civ-\\nilizing and educating agency, and who support it\\nprecisely on the same ground on which they support\\nany other philanthropic agency which proposes to\\ndiffuse the light and blessings of civilization among\\nthe uncivilized, or to add to human knowledge by\\nthe discoveries it may make and of which it will\\ngive due report. This also is a low, insufficient, and\\nradically wrong conception of the work of missions.\\nAnother false conception of mission work is that\\nwhich considers it an agency or department in the\\nwork of the Church. In the minds of many, cer-\\ntain things are looked upon as incidental to the\\noperations of the Church auxiliary agencies, to be\\nmade use of in carrying on its work. For instance,\\n27", "height": "3448", "width": "2180", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nthe Sunday-school is regarded as such an agency;\\na very desirable and excellent institution for bring-\\ning Scripture instruction to the minds of children\\nand youth. It was right for the Church to insti-\\ntute it, but there is no divine obligation to continue\\nit. It is a question of expediency, to be decided\\naltogether by its demonstrated usefulness.\\nSo with the work of education. It is very desir-\\nable to provide means of mental training within the\\nChurch especially to make adequate provision for\\ninstruction in the higher branches of learning under\\nChristian auspices. The Church has taken up this\\nwork, and has prosecuted it with greater or less\\nvigor according to the means at its command and\\nthe urgency of the demand at different times and in\\ndifferent places. It is a work that may be done, or,\\nif circumstances are unfavorable, may be left un-\\ndone. It is legitimately within the province of the\\nChurch, but it is not so essential that the Church\\nmay not exist without it.\\nNow, the view of missionary work which we are\\nconsidering puts it in the same category with these\\nother agencies and this is just the place it occupies\\nin the minds of many Christian people. To their\\nthinking, the Church is looking about to see what\\nbenevolent and philanthropic work it can engage in.\\nSeeing the necessities of children and youth, it opens\\nSunday-schools, and organizes a Sunday-school\\nUnion. Seeing the desirability of higher education\\nunder Christian auspices, it seeks to provide the\\n28", "height": "3448", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nsame for its youth and to give such assistance as\\nis needed in its attainment, and organizes an Educa-\\ntion Society. Seeing the darkened condition of\\nthe heathen world, the superstition and ignorance\\nstill prevailing in many Christian countries, the spir-\\nitual degradation of great masses of people in the\\ncities and in frontier regions, it institutes mission-\\nary work and organizes a Missionary Society. So\\nthis work of the Church simply takes its place in\\ntheir minds alongside of Sunday-school, educa-\\ntional, and other benevolent agencies. This, too,\\nis a radically wrong conception; and wherever it\\nprevails it is an obstacle to a proper appreciation of\\nthe true position of missionary work in the Church\\nof Christ.\\nClosely allied to these wrong conceptions of the\\nrelations of missionary work to the Church are false\\nconceptions in regard to the work of missionaries,\\nand especially that of missionaries in the foreign\\nheld.\\nOne of these false conceptions may be denomina-\\nted the romantic idea of missionary work. Although\\nthe whole world is much nearer together to-day than\\nit was forty years ago, and China and Japan are\\nby no means the almost unknown, far-away coun-\\ntries they then were, there is still very much of\\nromance connected with the thought of going to the\\nother side of the world and entering into the midst\\nof oriental scenes and customs to find one s self\\nsurrounded by strange-looking people; to exchange\\n29", "height": "3448", "width": "2176", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nthe familiar oak and elm and maple for the giant\\nbanyan, the fragrant camphor, and the beautiful\\npalm. There is much that is fascinating about the\\nOrient. The enchantment of the Arabian Nights is\\nthrown around the dreamer; he walks amid scenes\\nof indescribable magnificence, and revels in the\\nrealm of the weird and the mysterious. There is\\na sure and certain remedy for all this namely,\\nactual entrance upon the foreign missionary work;\\nbut it is a rather costly remedy for the Church which\\nsends out such a dreamer to its work at the front.\\nThe actual contact with heathenism in all its deg-\\nradation the observation of the great prevalence of\\nskin diseases, so that one comes heartily to appre-\\nciate the native s method of salutation by joining\\nhis own hands and shaking them at you rather than\\nby shaking hands with you the sad revelation which\\nis soon made that the third plague of Egypt still\\nprevails in the glorious lands of the Orient, and\\nthat the industrious insects which delight so much\\nin establishing a joint occupancy of your body\\nabound everywhere; the sight of men covered with\\nloathsome sores exposing themselves to view upon\\nthe bridges and in other conspicuous places; the\\nrealization that if an oriental country is one in\\nwhich the eye is regaled it is also one in which\\nthe nose is assailed: the depressing effect of con-\\nstant contact with superstition and vice all these,\\nand a hundred other things, speedily dissipate all\\nromantic ideas, and leave the missionary who has\\n30", "height": "3448", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\ngone out to the ends of the earth under the inspira-\\ntion of romance a sadder, but a wiser man. It\\nis safe to say that no man ever goes out to a heathen\\nfield the second time from any impulse of romance.\\nHis first sojourn there cures him effectually of that.\\nThere is another conception of missionary work\\nwhich may be denominated the experimental idea.\\nThat is to say, a young minister, looking about for\\na field in which to operate, hears of certain openings\\nin the great foreign missionary field. He says to\\nhimself, Well, I do not know whether I should like\\nthat kind of work or not. There is a great deal\\nabout it that seems to me pleasant. The novelty\\nconnected with it and the spice of danger in sea-\\nvoyages and residence in an oriental country have a\\nsort of charm for me. I have a notion to go and try\\nit a while. If I do not like it I can come back and\\nthe experience I get will be useful to me. This is\\nno fancy sketch, for there have been missionaries\\nwhose course of thinking and decision in regard\\nto entering upon the work is accurately described\\nin the words here used. But this is also an utterly\\nfalse conception of the spirit with which missionary\\nwork should be entered upon. No man entering\\nupon the work with such sentiments as these is\\nqualified for his vocation; nor has the Church any\\nright to expect success in connection with his labors.\\nAnother false conception of missionary work is\\nthat which regards it as a means of getting knowl-\\nedge of foreign countries and foreign things, and\\n31", "height": "3432", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nwhich therefore leads men into it from motives of\\ncuriosity. The acquisition of knowledge is, beyond\\nquestion, very desirable, and when pursued under\\nproper circumstances is in every way commendable,\\nbut Christian missions were not instituted as a\\nmeans for the aquisition of secular knowledge by\\nthose who engage in them. A man may have a\\nspecial bent for the attainment of knowledge in re-\\ngard to foreign countries, the character of their in-\\nhabitants, their mineral and agricultural resources,\\nthe peculiarity of their languages, and many other\\nthings of this kind. Such knowledge is useful. It\\nis right for a Christian man to give proper attention\\nto it. But when one is weighing the question in\\nhis mind, Shall I go as a missionary to the foreign\\nfield? to decide that question upon the opportuni-\\nties that will be furnished him to gratify his curi-\\nosity in these particulars is treason to the Master\\nwhom he professes to serve. The object to which\\nhe has consecrated his life is not the acquisition of\\ngeographical, botanical, mineralogical, or ethnolog-\\nical knowledge, but the salvation of human souls;\\nthe conquest of the world for Christ.\\nStill another false conception of missionary work\\nis that which regards it as a means of contributing\\nto the world s store of philology, archaeology, and\\nkindred sciences. Young men are very apt, during\\ntheir years of school and college life, to acquire a\\ntaste for research in some particular branch of\\nstudy. Some become intensely interested in the\\n32", "height": "3468", "width": "2296", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nstudy of languages; their origin and development,\\ntheir root words, and the relations of these to those\\nof other languages. Others become very fond of\\nthe study of antiquities. Everything ancient has a\\nspecial charm for them, and it is their joy to explore\\nthe hidden treasures of ancient times. Of course\\nthe great oriental nations furnish a fine field for\\nstudy in these particular lines and the problems of\\nlanguage presented for solution awaken a keen\\nmental appetite, while a vast field for antiquarian\\nresearch also opens before them. No word is ut-\\ntered against the usefulness of these studies or the\\npropriety of pursuing them. We are simply con-\\nsidering the proper and the false conceptions of\\nmissionary work, and must pronounce that an ut-\\nterly wrong conception which allows a candidate to\\nthink of it as a means by which he may contribute\\nto enlighten the world in regard to philology, archae-\\nology, or any kindred science. The science to which\\nhe as a missionary of Christ is called to give heed\\nis the science of salvation through the sacrifice of\\nChrist made available to all men through faith in\\nhim.\\nAnother false conception of missionary work is\\nthat which leads one to enter upon it with the idea\\nof helping to civilize and elevate the nations. To\\na civilized and cultivated man the sight of nations\\nin barbarism, or in a semi-civilized condition, is one\\nof sadness. The humane impulse is at once aroused\\nto contribute to their civilization and to elevate\\n(3) 33", "height": "3448", "width": "2192", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nthem from their present low condition. This is a\\nnoble and philanthropic desire. It does credit to the\\nhead and heart of him who entertains it. It pre-\\nsents a worthy object of pursuit, to which a humane\\nman might well devote the energies of his life. But\\nit is not the work of the Christian missionary, ex-\\ncept, it may be, incidentally. His work is of a\\ndeeper, more radical, more far-reaching kind. He\\ndeals with the very springs of human action; he\\nseeks to secure the regeneration of men s souls; and\\nit is a low and unworthy conception of the work\\nfor a missionary of the gospel to look upon it only\\nas a civilizing and elevating agency. A man does\\nnot need to be a minister, nor even a Christian, to\\nengage in that work; a civilized man with humane\\nimpulses may take it up as a vocation. And, this\\nbeing the case, it must certainly be a very inade-\\nquate conception of missionary work which looks\\nupon it only as a means to such an end.\\nThere are many other misconceptions of the mis-\\nsionary work of the Church, and of the missionaries\\nwho go out under her commission, but these will\\nserve as specimens and will sufficiently indicate the\\nprinciples which should guide us in coming to a\\nright conclusion. Let us briefly summarize them\\nIt is a false conception of the Church s missionary\\nwork to look upon it, i. As a merely benevolent\\nagency. 2. As merely a civilizing and educating\\nagency. 3. As simply one department of Church\\nwork.\\n34", "height": "3448", "width": "2316", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nFalse conceptions of the work of the missionary\\nare those which look upon -it, i. As a romantic\\nwork. 2. As an experimental work. 3. As an op-\\nportunity to gratify curiosity. 4. As a means of\\ncontributing to the world s store of knowledge.\\n5. As a work of civilizing and elevating the nations.\\nWhat, then, is the true conception of missionary\\nwork\\nSimply this: It is the work of the Christian\\nChurch for which it was organized, and for the\\naccomplishment of which it exists. What is the\\nChristian Church? Is it not the organized body of\\nChrist s followers? What is it here for? Is it not\\nfor this one purpose to go into all the world, and\\npreach the gospel to every creature Nothing is\\nclearer, from a careful consideration of the consti-\\ntution of the Church of Christ, than that missionary\\nwork is the function of the Church as such. It is\\nnot a benevolence, which appeals to the hearts of\\nChristian people and to which they may give more\\nor less attention according to circumstances. It\\ndoes not bear the outside, though affiliated, relation\\nto the Church that an Orphan Asylum might, or an\\nInstitution for the Blind. It is not merely a grand\\nagency among many others for enlightening and\\ncivilizing the world. It is not simply a department\\nof Church work. It is the one vital, all-absorbing,\\nspecific work of the Church and all departments of\\nwork are valuable and justifiable just in proportion\\nas they bear upon the accomplishment of this work.\\n35", "height": "3448", "width": "2184", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nThe Sunday-school is valuable because it helps in a\\nvery efficient way this great work of the Church, to\\nbring the gospel to every creature, by taking that\\ngospel to the minds and the hearts of the young and\\nbringing them to Christ in their early days. Ed-\\nucation is valuable because it develops the mental\\npowers, and enables those who obtain it to do better\\nwork for God in the use of their trained intellects\\nin his service. The Tract cause is valuable because\\nit takes the truths of the gospel in a very convenient\\nand efficient shape to multitudes of men. And so\\nwe may go through all the agencies of the Church\\nand show that the only reason they have for ex-\\nistence as Church agencies at all is that they con-\\ntribute to this, the one great work of the Church:\\nto give the gospel to every creature; to make dis-\\nciples of all nations.\\nThe great work of a temperance organization is\\nto save men from drunkenness. If it teaches hy-\\ngiene it is that men may see the evil effects of\\nalcohol upon the human system. If it seeks for\\nrepressive law it is that temptations to drunkenness\\nmay be taken away. But no one would think of\\nspeaking of the effort to save men from drunken-\\nness as one of the agencies, one of the purposes, of\\nthe society. That is the purpose of the Society;\\nthe sole reason for its existence. The other work\\nwhich it does is incidental and auxiliary to that.\\nSo the work of the Christian Church is to take the\\ngospel to the world and its Sunday-schools, its tract\\n36", "height": "3464", "width": "2260", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nagencies, its educational institutions, are all inci-\\ndental to that, its great work, and are justified as\\nproper agencies to be used by the Church only .as\\nthey contribute to that for which it exists.\\nWe have no right to take missionary work from\\nthe place to which Christ himself assigned it, the\\nwork of his Church in the world, and put it in any\\nsubordinate position. It is not allowable to class\\nit among the many desirable agencies for helping\\non the Redeemer s kingdom, much less to allow\\nChrist s people to look upon it as among optional\\nbenevolences, to be engaged in or not according to\\ntheir view of present necessities and present re-\\nsources. We need to get it into the minds and into\\nthe hearts of Christians that there is one great pur-\\npose for which the Church of Christ was instituted\\non earth, and that purpose is the bringing of his gos-\\npel to every human heart. Therefore the test by\\nwhich every proposition to engage the Church in any\\nform of activity ought to be decided is, Will this\\nhelp to accomplish the work of taking the gospel to\\nevery creature?\\nIf our reasoning is correct it follows that the\\nmissionary spirit is an absolute necessity to true\\nchurch life, Air is not more necessary to the body\\nthan the missionary spirit is to a church of Christ.\\nA church which is destitute of that spirit, which has\\nno ardent longing for the salvation of the world,\\nwhich is content with its elegant building and its\\ncomfortably cushioned pews, in which its members\\n37", "height": "3448", "width": "2192", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nmay pleasantly listen to pulpit oratory on the Sar\\nbath, while no duty is felt and no effort put forth\\nfor the salvation of the world, is a dead church; a\\nbeautiful form, perhaps, but lifeless as a marble\\nstatue. What right has any church to expect suc-\\ncess nay, what apology has it for existence, while\\nneglecting the work which its divine Head has as-\\nsigned to it?\\nIt follows, too, that the very best credential of\\na church s genuineness is its active missionary\\nlabor. When the Master says Go, the church\\nwhich most promptly goes shows thereby its great-\\nest fidelity to him. When he commands, Preach\\nthe gospel to every creature, the church which is\\nmost active in planning to take the gospel to all who\\nare destitute of it, and in wisely executing those\\nplans, is the church which gives best evidence of its\\ngenuine character. When he says Make disciples\\nof all nations, the church which, refusing to\\nbound its circle of duties and activities by the limits\\nof the parish, eagerly seeks to do its full share\\nin reaching out after the nations that sit in dark-\\nness, and in the shadow of death that is the\\nchurch which bears the impress of its Lord, and\\ngives to the world the best proof of being in accord\\nwith him.\\nTo secure this proper conception of the relation of\\nmissionary work to the church we must begin with\\nthe individual Christian. We must seek to have\\nevery church member realize that None of us liv-\\n38", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\neth to himself; that the first duty of a converted\\nsoul is to go out after others a duty not to be dis-\\ncharged by proxy. There are many Christians,\\nblessed with a considerable amount of wealth, who\\nwould gladly buy off from duty in this matter by\\nthe payment of money to support those who will\\ndo it but they need to do unselfish, sacrificing work\\nfor others in order that they may come into vital\\nunion with a self-sacrificing Saviour. They need\\nto feel that they are not their own, that they are\\nbought with a price; and that he who has pur-\\nchased them with his own precious blood has given\\nthem a work to do. Active, aggressive individual\\nChristians will make an active, aggressive Christian\\nchurch. Such a church will not be content to ex-\\nhaust its efforts within its own limits, but will be\\ncontinually seeking for opportunities to push the\\nconquests of the gospel into other regions.\\nAn aggregation of such aggressive individual\\nchurches in a country will make a great, active, mis-\\nsionary Church whose operations will push out into\\nall the world, taking the blessings of the gospel to\\nthe whole needy, perishing race.\\nIt would seem, too, that sanctified Christian wis-\\ndom would lead all the great branches of Christ s\\nChurch to some concerted and unified action for the\\naccomplishment of the great work. As it would be\\nfolly for a dozen regiments to attack a common\\nenemy without any concert of action all massing\\nin one direction, and leaving much of the enemy s\\n39", "height": "3448", "width": "2164", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nterritory without attention; or scattering here and\\nthere in feeble bands and without any common plan\\nso it does not seem wise for the great branches\\nof Christ s army to be carrying on the warfare\\nagainst his enemy without any reference to each\\nother, without any consistent plan of action, with-\\nout any comprehensive view of the whole work to\\nbe done and the best arrangement of forces for do-\\ning it. Given the work to be done the subjuga-\\ntion of the world to Christ; and the forces to\\naccomplish it the body of believers throughout the\\nworld it is not too much to say that there ought to\\nbe conference between the great branches of the\\nChurch as to the occupancy of fields, surveying the\\nwhole ground and deciding upon the best way to\\noccupy it and speedily bring the world to Christ.\\nIt would not be a mistranslation of the words of\\nour Saviour in his great intercessory prayer to ren-\\nder them As thou hast made me a missionary to\\nthe world, so have I made them missionaries to the\\nworld. The missionary idea is at the root and\\nfoundation of the Christian Church. Its whole\\nspirit and life is missionary. And it must carry on\\nthe missionary work as the great function for which\\nit was created. It is therefore not at liberty to\\ndelegate this work to an independent society, but it\\nis bound to take it up and prosecute it as the very\\nwork for which it was brought into existence; which\\nit has divine authority to prosecute and is under\\ndivine obligation to perform.\\n40", "height": "3476", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nCHAPTER III\\nThe Call and Qualifications of Mis-\\nsionaries\\nIf the view of the Great Commission presented\\nin the First Chapter be correct it follows that a\\ncall to the ministry is a call to a share in the work\\ninstituted by that commission; namely, to go into\\nall the world and preach the gospel to every crea-\\nture; to make disciples of all the nations. The\\nparticular portion of the great field in which any\\nminister shall labor is to be determined by the lead-\\nings of the Holy Spirit, by special impressions as to\\npersonal duty, and by the call of the proper author-\\nities. There was once a prevalent sentiment which\\nregarded missionaries as quite a separate class in\\nthe Christian ministry, who must be distinctly\\ncalled out from the common ranks and feel them-\\nselves impelled to consecrate their lives to the mis-\\nsion work, and who must then be put under special\\nconditions and assume various solemn obligations\\nnot imposed upon the ministry in general. The\\nview which has come to be quite generally enter-\\ntained of later years was expressed by Dr. John\\nM. Reid, the late Honorary Secretary of the Mis-\\nsionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church,\\nat the Decennial Missionary Conference at Calcutta,\\n41", "height": "3444", "width": "2172", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nin 1883, when he said Once the missionaries were\\nsent out with most minute instructions: now we\\nsend them out with only such obligations as any\\nminister has assumed, and we commit the assign-\\nments to work and all details of the missions en-\\ntirely to themselves. It is needless to say we are\\ngratified with the result.\\nRegarding the call to the ministry as a call to the\\ngreat work of the Church in evangelizing the world,\\nit is well to spend a few moments in considering it.\\nThis call includes, 1. A firm persuasion on the\\npart of its subject that it is his duty to devote him-\\nself to the preaching of the gospel; 2. Providential\\nindications of duty such as are developed in the\\nbent of one s mind, in a strong desire awakened in\\nthe heart, in a sense of dissatisfaction or a feeling\\nof being out of place in other pursuits; and 3. The\\ncoincident belief of the church that the person is\\ncalled to the work. The agent in the call is the\\nHoly Spirit. The manner in which the call is com-\\nmunicated varies greatly with different persons.\\nThe Holy Spirit is not limited in his methods of\\noperation, but adapts them to the mental and other\\npeculiarities of those upon whom he acts.\\nDr. Kidder says A comparison of the mental\\nexperiences by which a thousand different ministers\\nof any given period have reached the common re-\\nsult of a devout persuasion that they were moved\\nby the Holy Ghost to take upon themselves the\\nsacred office, while it might suggest a classification\\n42", "height": "3476", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nof experiences, would hardly discover any absolute\\nidentity. It would be found that some received dis-\\ntinct impressions of this duty in early childhood,\\nwhich grew with their growth and strengthened\\nwith their strength. Others who received similar\\nimpressions sought to reject them, and by a course\\nof sin grieved the Holy Spirit. They put in jeop-\\nardy their soul s salvation while endeavoring,\\nJonah-like, to escape from duty; nevertheless the\\nSpirit strove with them, and before it was wholly\\ntoo late they yielded to his call. Some had dis-\\ntinct impression of this duty before their conver-\\nsion, and some even for a long period refused to\\nseek God in their unwillingness to acknowledge his\\nclaims upon them to preach the gospel. On some\\nminds the conviction of ministerial duty flashed with\\nthe suddenness of a startling revelation. To others\\nit came almost imperceptibly, like the gradual dawn-\\ning of the day. Still others have received the di-\\nvine call in the same voice which uttered their par-\\ndon. To some it has been made known in silence\\nand solitude, to others in the midst of public as-\\nsemblies and under the ministration of the preached\\nword. While some have received the sacred call\\nwithout the intervention of man, to many others\\nit has been brought with the voice or by the agency\\nof Christian friendship. Some have reached their\\nprofoundest convictions by a species of religious\\ninstinct; others by slow processes of reasoning and\\nby a careful comparison of conflicting claims and\\n43", "height": "3448", "width": "2168", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nimpulses. This call, however brought to the soul,\\nought to be clear and satisfactory.\\nNo man has a right to expect that a miracle will\\nbe wrought to assure him of his call to the min-\\nistry, nor that the Spirit s call will be demonstrated\\nby evidence of an absolutely compulsory nature.\\nBut this much may be confidently declared that a\\nperson genuinely called will find himself somehow\\nawakened to consideration of personal duty in re-\\ngard to preaching the gospel so as to lead him to\\nserious inquiry concerning it; such inquiry leading\\nto deeper conviction, and finally to a settled purpose\\nin which conscience is satisfied and there is a sweet\\npersuasion of being in the path of duty.\\nBut, it will be asked, is there not a special and\\ndefinite call to devote one s self to missionary work,\\nor even to enter some particular field By no means\\nnecessarily. The call to the work of the Christian\\nministry is sufficient; and any man who responds\\nto that call to enter upon the great work of the\\nChurch, Yes, I ll go, provided I may confine my\\nlabors within certain limits that I will designate,\\nproves himself thereby unworthy to enter upon the\\nministry at all. It is enough that the servant of\\nGod, having entered the ministry, shall hold him-\\nself ready to exercise it wherever God in his prov-\\nidence may direct. The attention of the proper\\nauthorities may be drawn to some particular min-\\nister as being specially adapted to foreign mission-\\nary work, and when their call is presented to him,\\n44", "height": "3476", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nif he has it in his heart to reply I am ready to go\\nwhere I am most needed and where I can do the\\nbest work for God if those who know me, and know\\nthe work, feel persuaded that I am the man who\\nought to be sent I am as ready to go to China or\\nJapan or India as to any place in the United States\\nthat man has the true missionary spirit, has a\\nsufficient missionary call, and may go forth with the\\nexpectation of God s blessing.\\nHaA T e we not examples of special calls to the mis-\\nsionary work? Unquestionably we have. Bishop\\nThoburn is reported as saying that his call to India\\nwas as distinct and unmistakable as his call to the\\nministry. No one can question the power of the\\nHoly Spirit to impress upon the mind and heart\\nof a person his duty to enter the foreign field, or\\neven to enter some particular part of that field, as\\ndistinctly as he made known his will to Paul that\\nhe should go over into Macedonia. There are many\\ninstances in the history of missions of special lead-\\nings of the Divine Spirit.\\nThe celebrated Dr. Duff said: It was when a\\nstudent at college, in perusing the article on India\\nin Sir David Brewster s Edinburgh Encyclopedia,\\nthat my soul was first drawn out as by a spell-like\\nfascination toward India. And when, at a later\\nperiod, I was led to respond to the call to proceed\\nto India as the first missionary ever sent forth by\\nthe established National Church of Scotland, my\\nresolution was, if the Lord so willed it, never, never\\n45", "height": "3448", "width": "2176", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nto return again. Very probably he regarded that\\nspell-like fascination toward India, though it may\\nnot be on record that he ever said so, as the Spirit s\\ncall in his heart to labor in that field.\\nThe venerable George Thompson when a young\\nman was thrown into prison in Missouri because of\\nhis activity in befriending slaves and helping them\\nto get away where they could be free. From the\\ndepths of that Missouri prison he was led to devote\\nhimself to the work of God in Africa a noble reso-\\nlution to be born in the heart of a young man shut\\nup in a professedly Christian country for helping\\nAfricans to freedom to give his life to taking the\\ngospel to the millions of Africa There seems to\\nhave been in his case a specific call to a particular\\nfield. Yet his entry in his diary at the time of his\\nappointment to Africa shows that he was ready for\\nany field. After quoting a number of God s pre-\\ncious promises he writes: Lord, it is enough; my\\nsoul is satisfied. On these promises will I rest.\\nWith such assurances I cheerfully leave my father,\\nmother, brothers, sisters, wife and child, house,\\nland, home and country, to go where thou shalt\\nlead. Except thy presence go with me, carry me not\\nup hence. Thy presence going with me, send me\\nany where. Here am I; send me. Only thy will\\nI wish to know. Lead me and guide me to that\\nportion of the field where thou seest I can do most\\nfor thee. 0n]y thou my Lea der be,\\nAnd I still will follow thee.\\n46", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nAny where, any thing, any how, dear Saviour, only\\nglorify thy blessed and lovely name. Ought it not\\nto be the sincere and earnest prayer of every man\\ncalled into the vineyard of the Lord, Lead and\\nguide me to that portion of the field where thou\\nseest I can do most for thee And if this were the\\ncase would there be any lack of supply for any por-\\ntion of the field\\nThe biographer of Henry Martyn tells us that one\\nday when he was in company with Mr. Simeon the\\nlatter remarked upon the great benefits which had\\nresulted from the services of Dr. Carey, and Mar-\\ntyn s attention was at once arrested; the vast im-\\nportance of the missionary cause flashed upon his\\nmind, and his soul was stirred to its depths at the\\nthought of the perishing millions who were without\\nGod, without Christ, and without hope in the\\nworld. Soon after this, while reading Brainerd s\\nbiography, he, filled with a holy emulation, re-\\nsolved to follow the example of a man who jeop-\\narded his life unto the death on the high places of\\nthe mission field. He was no quixotic enthu-\\nsiast, no wild adventurer; but he sat down and\\ncounted the cost, and was enabled to relinquish\\nmuch that made life sweet and home dear that he\\nmight, like the brave apostle of old, preach amongst\\nthe Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ/\\nThe hour of decision was one of extreme anguish,\\nand at times the struggle amounted to agony. But\\nas he was influenced by the highest motives he chose\\n47", "height": "3444", "width": "2176", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nthe thorny path of self-denial rather than the easier\\none of self-indulgence, and he offered himself as a\\nmissionary. In this case the influence of mission-\\nary conversation and missionary biography led to\\nmental reasoning and soul-questioning as to duty,\\nwhich resulted in Martyn s dedication of himself\\nto the missionary work.\\nI. quote yet one more example. Elijah C. Bridg-\\nman, when he was about to graduate from Andover\\nSeminary, was called upon on the last day of the\\nterm by Mr. David Green, the Assistant Secretary\\nof the American Board, who asked to see him\\nalone, and when they had retired to his room in-\\ntroduced the subject of a mission to China. This\\nwas on September 23, 1829. Bridgman says: In\\nreply I told Mr. Green that the mission was one in\\nwhich I felt, and long had felt, a deep interest, but\\nhad not considered myself as the man for that sta-\\ntion; for I had regarded it as one of great interest\\nand responsibility, requiring abilities of the very\\nfirst order; and, besides, my own mind had been\\nturned more to Southern Europe and Western\\nAsia. I told him, however, that if another man\\ncould not be found, and the mission should after\\ndue consideration seem to demand such services as\\nmine, he might expect a favorable reply. The next\\nday he writes: Rose at four o clock, prayed for\\ndivine direction in my future course, and endeavored\\nto submit my ways to God. Shall I go to China?\\nOh, may the will of the Lord be done!\\n48", "height": "3468", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nFour days later he writes: As the result of my\\nown views and feeling, I announced my determina-\\ntion to engage in the mission.\\nHere is the case of one up to the day of his grad-\\nuation not specially called to the missionary field\\nbut consecrated to the service of Christ, ready to\\ngo where he is most needed, distrustful of his own\\nabilities but willing to let his brethren judge in\\nregard to his adaptation to the field.\\nFive days later, with no other call than this, his\\nmind is made up and he goes out to be one of the\\nmost faithful, devoted and earnest missionaries the\\nChina field has ever known.\\nNo one will have the hardihood to question the\\nmissionary character of William Taylor; yet, so\\nfar as appears, William Taylor s call to the mis-\\nsionary work is the call he originally received to\\npreach the gospel. His subsequent movements un-\\nder that call have all been guided by the indications\\nof Providence as they have from time to time ap-\\npeared to him. Like the founder of Methodism, he\\nregards the world as his parish, and where he is to\\nlabor, whether in Maryland, or California, or Aus-\\ntralia, or India, or South America, or Africa, is to\\nbe decided by circumstances.\\nFrom our reasoning on the constitution of the\\nChristian Church and the nature of the Great Com-\\nmission, and as well from the consideration of the\\nexperiences of individual missionaries, we come to\\nthe following conclusions\\n(4) 49", "height": "3444", "width": "2144", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\n1. That the call to the work of the Christian min-\\nistry is a sufficient call to the missionary work\\nwhen there are providential indications that one\\nshould go to a mission field and the Church through\\nits appointed agencies calls for the service.\\n2. That in addition to this there may be in some\\ncases a specific and definite call impressed by the\\ndivine Spirit upon the heart of a person to enter\\nupon foreign missionary work, or even upon a par-\\nticular foreign field.\\n3. The fact that such special calls are sometimes\\ngiven by no means warrants the conclusion that\\na person should not enter the work unless he re-\\nceives such a call. Neither may one excuse himself\\nfrom mission work by saying that he has no im-\\npressions of duty in that direction. Perhaps it is\\nhis own fault that he has not. If he has never care-\\nfully informed himself as to the claims of the mis-\\nsion field, if he has never conscientiously sought.\\nto know his adaptation for it, if he has never ear-\\nnestly prayed, Lead me and guide me to that por-\\ntion of the field where thou seest I can do most for\\nthee, it is not wonderful that he has no impres-\\nsions of duty; but that is no proof that he ought\\nnot to have such impressions, or that he would not\\nhave them if he were doing his duty and holding\\nhimself in a listening attitude for the voice of God s\\nSpirit.\\nHaving thus considered the missionary s call we\\nnext turn our attention to the qualifications de-\\n50", "height": "3468", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nmanded of him. Some of them are needed by\\nevery minister of the gospel, some of them are pe-\\nculiar to the calling of a missionary.\\n1. Sincere piety is an indispensable qualification.\\nNowhere is a man more out of place than on the\\nmission field who does not thoroughly believe in\\nGod, and whose soul does not bow in deepest rever-\\nence before him. It is not possible for one to go\\nto preach to the heathen the unsearchable riches of\\nChrist, and to do the work heartily and be sustained\\nin it, unless deep in his own soul is the experience of\\ndivine things and constant communion with God.\\n2. Deep and thorough consecration is a requisite.\\nThe character of the service is such that only conse-\\ncrated hearts can meet its demands. To leave the\\nassociations and hallowed friendships of home, to\\ngo and dwell among the heathen, to feel that the\\nwhole atmosphere around you is unfriendly and\\nfight on with unflagging zeal and a hope that never\\nfalters this is a task too great for an unconsecrated\\nheart. The true missionary is a man who has made\\na full surrender to his Lord and with his whole heart\\nadopts the words of Charles Wesley\\nTake my soul and body s powers\\nTake my memory, mind and will;\\nAll my goods, and all my hours\\nAll I know, and all I feel\\nAll I think, or speak, or do\\nTake my heart, but make it new.\\n3. Common sense is imperatively necessary. No\\nmatter how deeply pious a man may be, if he lacks\\n5i", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ncommon sense he is a foreordained failure on the\\nmission field. There is no quality that can take the\\nplace of this. Unexpected difficulties, unforeseen\\nemergencies, are constantly arising. The condi-\\ntions of life are new and complicated. Perplexing\\nquestions must be met where counselors of age and\\nexperience are not at hand. Under such circum-\\nstances there is nothing so helpful and valuable as\\ngood, sturdy common sense. If there is a way out\\nit is pretty sure to find it. It is not a panacea for\\nevery ill that missionary flesh is heir to, but it comes\\nnearer to being such than anything else. Men of\\nunduly imaginative natures, men like him of whom\\nit was said that he\\nCould plan new planets without the least misgiving,\\nBut on this planet couldn t make a living,\\nare just the sort of men who are not wanted and who\\nare sadly out of place in mission work. Let it be\\nunderstood that a prime requisite a sine qua non\\nof missionary qualification is good common sense.\\n4. A knowledge of human nature is a very de-\\nsirable qualification. A man may know books with-\\nout knowing much about men. He may be skilled\\nin reading Latin and Greek but unable to read his\\nnearest neighbor. This is a subtle power, and not\\neasy of accurate definition, yet we all know what it\\nmeans, and we see that some have it in a marked\\ndegree and others are almost destitute of it. Now,\\non the mission field, this power to know men, to\\n52", "height": "3468", "width": "2312", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\ngrasp intuitively the salient points in their charac-\\nters and thus know how to deal with them, is a\\nvery necessary endowment.\\n5. Closely allied to this is the power of adapta-\\ntion. Some men seem never to be able to adjust\\nthemselves to their surroundings; they want the\\nwhole world to be run on the same principle on\\nwhich their studies are carried on. But the trouble\\nis that the world does not run that way. Many\\nmen of many minds, and of very diverse peculiari-\\nties and idiosyncrasies, are to be dealt with. Happy\\nhe who can adapt himself to the people among whom\\nhis lot is cast and to the circumstances by which he\\nis surrounded. A rigid, unbendable, cast-iron sort\\nof nature is out of place here. The man required\\nis one who, like Paul, can become all things to all\\nmen in the best sense, and for the best purpose;\\nnamely, that he may save some.\\n6. Facility in acquiring language is also a\\nvery desirable qualification. In China, or Japan, or\\nIndia, or in almost any foreign field, it is necessary\\nto learn a new language, and unless the missionary\\nhas some facility in acquiring language he is liable\\nto be a great bungler in his attempts to speak to the\\npeople. Some of the languages depend largely upon\\ntones and accents, and upon the nice discrimination\\nof aspirate and unaspirate initial sounds. It is not\\nimpossible for plodding industry to accomplish\\nmuch where this faculty is lacking, but there is a\\nvery great advantage to start with in having a fac-\\n53", "height": "3448", "width": "2208", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nulty for language and some love for the study of\\nlanguages.\\n7. Most of the missionary societies are disposed\\nto insist that a candidate for service in the foreign\\nfield shall have a good wife, devoted to the work.\\nThe ancient injunction concerning the bishop or\\nelder, that he should be the husband of one wife,\\nwhich the church has generally interpreted as mean-\\ning that he should not be the husband of more than\\none, is applied in a mandatory sense by the societies\\nof to-day to their candidates. Exceptions are oc-\\ncasionally made, but the rule is a good one. It is\\nemphatically not good for man to be alone in a far-\\noff mission field. The comforts of a Christian\\nhome are nowhere better appreciated. Then, too,\\na single man is often looked upon with suspicion\\nwhere a married man, and the head of a family, is\\nwelcomed and trusted. Moreover, the presence of\\na Christian family, exemplifying the truths of\\nChristian teaching, is always a most healthful and\\nhelpful influence in a heathen community, and is\\nthe best means of counteracting the unfavorable im-\\npressions received from the ungodly conduct of men\\nfrom Christian countries who live in utter defiance\\nof all the moral precepts of Christianity. Of\\ncourse, there are some disadvantages also. The\\nwife and mother, with the peculiar burdens incident\\nto her position in an unfriendly climate, is more\\nlikely to fail in health than her husband, and it\\nsometimes happens that in the midst of his greatest\\n54", "height": "3472", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nusefulness a missionary is obliged to return with his\\ninvalid wife. Sometimes, too, the interests of the\\nwork demand their separation for a time, and the\\nwife returns home to be recruited in health while\\nthe husband remains upon the field. Then, too,\\narises that most perplexing question, that greatest of\\nmissionary trials, when children in the most forma-\\ntive stages of their character must be sent home\\nfor education. On account of these things there\\nhave not been wanting those who have argued for\\ncelibacy among missionaries. But, estimating all\\nthe disadvantages at their full worth, it is the al-\\nmost unanimous opinion of missionaries and of the\\nauthorities of missionary societies that it is far bet-\\nter, as a rule, that the missionary should go out as\\na married man; taking care that his wife has the\\nqualifications that will fit her to share in the glori-\\nous work upon which he is about to enter. One\\nword of caution to those preparing for the ministry\\nDo not go immediately to seeking this particular\\nqualification for missionary service. It will be well\\nto make sure of most of the other qualifications\\nfirst; and to bring to this matter the mature judg-\\nment which the last, weeks of the Senior year can\\nsupply or, perhaps better still, make it a post-grad-\\nuate study.\\n8. Physical health is a necessary qualification.\\nIt is folly to send out to our foreign field a person\\nwho is diseased, or one who has marked tendencies\\nto bilious complaints, or one who has inherited weak\\n55", "height": "3440", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nlungs. The American Board asks of its candidates\\nWhat is the state of your health? Did you in-\\nherit a good constitution in all respects? Are you\\naware of being now, or of having been at any time,\\nsubject to any bodily ailment or infirmity? Are\\nyour habits sedentary, or active? And all the\\nother societies are equally careful in endeavoring to\\nsecure healthy, vigorous men as missionaries. It\\nis partly owing to this fact, as well as to their care-\\nful habits of living, that the missionaries are by far\\nthe healthiest of all foreign residents in the East.\\nOf all the male missionaries connected with the\\nFoochow Mission of the Methodist Episcopal\\nChurch at the end of its first fifty years, only\\nsix had died, and only two of those died upon the\\nfield.\\n9. It is requisite that the missionary should pos-\\nsess well cultivated mental powers. It is a great\\nmistake to suppose that his work is among people\\nof a low order of intellect. In the bazars of India,\\nin the wayside audiences of China, in the halls of\\nJapan, he is apt to encounter men accustomed to deep\\nphilosophical thought foemen worthy of his steel.\\nWorkmen who are thoroughly prepared, who will\\nhave no occasion to be ashamed when brought face\\nto face with the thinkers of the Orient, are urgently\\ndemanded for this work.\\nOther qualifications there are, but these are\\namong the most important.\\nIn deciding upon life work the minister of Christ\\n56", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nshould let the claims of the foreign field have a\\ncalm, deliberate, honest consideration, and his de-\\ncision should be such as to meet the approval of his\\nconscience and of God. The spirit of consecration\\nrequired for it will prove to be the best possible\\nqualification for work at home, should God in his\\nprovidence order the field to be at home rather than\\nabroad.\\n57", "height": "3448", "width": "2168", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nCHAPTER IV\\nHome Organization and Methods\\nIt being the duty of the Church to take the gospel\\nto the whole world sanctified common sense would\\nseem to teach\\ni. That we have no right to expect the heathen\\nto be ready to support the gospel as soon as it is\\npresented to them.\\n2. That we have -no right to demand that those\\nwho are sent to make known the gospel to the hea-\\nthen shall support themselves by some manual or\\nother labor.\\n3. That whatever is needed for their proper sup-\\nport should be supplied by the Church at home.\\nThe whole Church being under the obligation, it\\nis manifest that the particular persons who are\\ncalled out as the executives of the Church in this\\nwork must be sustained by the disciples at home.\\nAs it is necessary to raise money to carry on the\\nwork let us inquire whether there is any Scriptural\\nrule in regard to this matter. Do we not find the\\nvery best rule formulated by the Apostle Paul in\\n1 Cor. xvi, 2 Upon the first day of the week let\\nevery one of you lay by him in store, as God hath\\nprospered him\\nOn this Dr. Wm. Speer has well said The most\\nconsummate financier in modern ages can add noth-\\n58", "height": "3448", "width": "2300", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\ning to, and take nothing from, this brief rule. It\\ncontains every important principle necessary to the\\naccomplishment of the great end in view. All that\\nis needed is simple obedience to it in order to\\nfill the treasuries of the Christian Church, to secure\\nfor the Church that favor of God which follows\\nfrom conformity to his will, and to supply means\\nsufficient to send the gospel to every creature. It\\nis suited to be a complete, abiding and universal\\nrule. It is one which should be put upon the walls\\nof every house of worship which should be written\\nin the memory and heart of every professor of re-\\nligion; and which should be taught to every child\\nthat has been consecrated to God in Christian bap-\\ntism.\\nLet it be admitted that this rule was given to the\\nchurch at Corinth, as it had been to the churches\\nin Galatia, with especial reference to securing aid\\nfor the suffering Christians at Jerusalem neverthe-\\nless its appropriateness as a rule for Christian giving\\nin general is evident.\\nIt presents giving as a universal duty. Let\\nevery one of you lay by him in store. The poor\\nare not to be excused because they have but little\\nmoney. That is a good reason why they should\\ngive but little, as compared with the rich, but it is\\nno reason why they should not give at all. It is a\\ngreat deal better for a church to have a hundred\\ndollars given by a hundred poor members than it\\nis to have a hundred dollars given by one rich mem-\\n59", "height": "3448", "width": "2208", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nber. The most successful churches financially are\\nthose which come the nearest to securing the giving\\nof something by every member of the church.\\nThis rule contemplates regularity and system in\\ngiving: Upon the first day of the week. Men\\nsay, What is everybody s business is nobody s\\nbusiness, and it may be said, What is to be done\\nat just any time is done at no time. There is a\\ngreat advantage in having a regular time set apart\\nfor this duty, moreover; it is very much easier to\\ngive in this way. Few men would feel it a hardship\\nto give ten cents a week to the Lord s cause, but\\nmany of them would be startled at a demand for\\nfive dollars at any one time during the year.\\nThis rule also contemplates giving as an act of\\nworship. The regularity would be secured if the\\nsecond or fifth day of the week were mentioned in-\\nstead of the first, but the command to do it on the\\nfirst day connects it with the service of public wor-\\nship; and there can be no doubt that the glad offer-\\ning of our substance ought to be considered as much\\nan act of worship as is prayer or praise.\\nThis rule prescribes that giving shall be in pro-\\nportion to ability or income as God hath prospered\\nhim. The rich are to give largely, the poor less,\\nbut all are to give; to give regularly, and to give\\naccording to their means. If this simple rule were\\ncarried out it is not difficult to see that the treasury\\nof the church would be amply supplied for all its\\nneeds.\\n60", "height": "3448", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe apostle adds, as an effect that would follow\\nthe adoption of this rule, that there be no gather-\\nings when I come. This would shut of! giving\\nfrom mere impulse. The Scripture rule is not im-\\npulsive or compulsory giving, but conscientious,\\nregular, proportionate giving. It is one of the most\\nimportant duties of the ministry to urge upon the\\npeople conformity to the Scriptural rule in this mat-\\nter; and by precept, example and influence to bring\\nthe church up to the Bible standard of duty.\\nOne of the best methods for securing money is\\nthat prescribed by the Methodist Episcopal Church\\nIt shall be the duty of the Pastor, aided by the\\nCommittee on Missions, to appoint Missionary\\nCollectors, and furnish them with suitable books\\nand instructions, that they may call on each member\\nof the Society, or Church and Congregation, and\\non other persons, at their discretion, for his or her\\nannual, semi-annual, quarterly, monthly, or weekly\\ncontribution for the support of Missions. Said Col-\\nlectors shall make monthly returns, unless otherwise\\ninstructed by the Committee, to the Pastor, or to the\\nMissionary Treasurer of the Church, if there be\\nsuch Treasurer appointed by the Committee on Mis-\\nsions. Such returns shall be entered in a book,\\nwhich the Committee shall provide, together with\\ncollections and contributions receded from other\\nsources. Such entries shall set forth the name of\\neach Collector, the real or assumed names of the\\ncontributors, and the amount contributed by each.\\n61", "height": "3448", "width": "2260", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nThis is Scriptural. It contemplates that every\\nmember of the church and congregation shall con-\\ntribute, and shall do it regularly. If it were in\\nthorough operation throughout that Church there\\nwould be no difficulty in raising two millions of\\ndollars for missions annually. It is a method which\\nmight well be adopted by other denominations.\\nAnother excellent method is the organization of\\nthe Sunday-schools as missionary societies. Not\\nonly does the steady contribution of small sums by\\nthe children and youth of the Sunday-schools great-\\nly increase the aggregate offering of the church,\\nbut the missionary exercises held in the Sunday-\\nschools interest the young people of the church in\\nthe great work and tend to make the future leaders\\nhearty supporters of the missionary cause.\\nThe monthly missionary prayer meeting ought\\nto be observed in all the churches, and to be made\\nthe means of conveying fresh information from the\\nfield and calling out the hearty prayers of the mem-\\nbers in view of the special needs brought to their\\nnotice.\\nIn some of the Churches the administration of\\nthe foreign missionary work has been committed\\nto societies organized independently but it has been\\nseen in most cases that a work which properly be-\\nlongs to the Church, as such, can only be efficiently\\ncarried on by the Church. So it has come to be the\\ncase that most of the great Protestant Churches\\nhave incorporated the management of their mis-\\n62", "height": "3472", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nsionary work into the Church itself intrusting its\\nadministration to boards, composed of ministers\\nand laymen, duly elected through the regular chan-\\nnels of their respective ecclesiastical organisms.\\nOf course these organizations must have capable\\nand efficient executive officers. These are, with\\nhardly any exceptions, the Corresponding Secreta-\\nries of the missionary boards. To them is intrusted\\nthe correspondence with the various fields, and all\\nthe delicate duties of the administration of the af-\\nfairs of the boards in their relation to the missions\\nand to the individual missionaries. Their office,\\ntherefore, is one of the highest trust and responsi-\\nbility. In addition to this important duty they are\\nalso charged with the representation of the work to\\nthe ecclesiastical bodies of their respective denom-\\ninations and to the churches in general. There are\\nno officers in the Church of Christ charged with\\ngraver responsibilities, and none whose opportuni-\\nties for far-reaching service of the most useful and\\nenduring character are greater, than those of the\\nCorresponding Secretaries. They should be upheld\\nby the earnest prayers and the most hearty and\\nsympathetic co-operation of the ministry and laity\\nin all the churches. All that is here said applies also\\nto the godly, efficient and self-sacrificing women\\nwho are the Corresponding Secretaries of the vari-\\nous branches of the Women s Foreign Missionary\\nSocieties.\\n63", "height": "3444", "width": "2260", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nCHAPTER V\\nMethods and Administration in the For-\\neign Field\\nWhen a missionary enters any field in which an-\\nother language than his own is spoken the first work\\nbefore him is to acquire the language of the people.\\nSomething in the way of preaching may be clone\\nthrough an interpreter, but where a mission is es-\\ntablished, and there are missionaries and native\\npreachers acquainted with the language, it is not\\nnecessary for a new missionary to preach imme-\\ndiately and he is left at liberty to prosecute his study\\nof the language. The time will vary, with the com-\\nparative difficulty of the languages and the differ-\\ning abilities of the men, from a few months in the\\nSpanish-speaking countries to eighteen months or\\ntwo years in China before one will be fully prepared\\nto preach, though he may converse on ordinary\\ntopics considerably sooner.\\nThere are various branches of work in which a\\nmissionary may profitably engage, but the main\\nwork abroad, as at home, is to preach. The laconic\\nstatement of the Methodist Discipline, The duty of\\na preacher is: i. to preach, applies to the whole\\nfield, but the circumstances under which he preaches\\nin the foreign field of course differ widely from\\n6 4", "height": "3448", "width": "2228", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nthose of the home field. In many countries he must\\ndo much out-door preaching, gathering his audi-\\nences in the bazars, in open courts, in the areas of\\nheathen temples, along the waysides, on the sea-\\nshore where oftentimes, like his Master, he may\\nenter a boat and, making its deck his pulpit, address\\nthe people. Frequently he may have occasion to\\nresort to the groves God s first temples. Of\\ncourse his style of address must be adapted to his\\nsurroundings. His method must be largely conver-\\nsational. He must not only allow the people to ask\\nhim questions, and that upon a range of subjects\\nwhich could hardly be allowed in our churches, but\\nhe must catechise them with the purpose of finding\\nout the extent of their knowledge in spiritual mat-\\nters and judging of the kind of instruction best\\nadapted to them. He may sometimes prepare the\\nway for his discourse, as his Master did with the\\nwoman of Samaria, by asking for a drink of water.\\nThe fact that he is not above asking a favor and the\\nfact that his auditor has done him a service will\\nhave much to do with establishing a kindly feeling\\nto begin with. He will do well, too, to follow the\\nMaster s example in making his preaching simple,\\nclear and earnest leading the thoughts of his hear-\\ners to the spiritual nature of the one true God and\\nthe spiritual character of his worship, and then to\\nthe necessity of a mediator to lead us to him. Then,\\nalthough he may not say, as Christ did, I that\\nspeak unto thee am he, he may say as Ling Ching\\n(5) 65", "height": "3436", "width": "2224", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nTing, the Chinese preacher, so often did: J esus\\nChrist can save you from all your sins; I know it,\\nfor he has saved me from mine. This preaching\\nfrom personal experience is everywhere the very\\nbest kind of preaching.\\nWhile speaking of the nature of God, in heathen\\nlands, the way is of course open to show the folly\\nof idolatry then to present proofs of revelation and\\nto tell the ever wondrous story of the cross. It is\\ntrue that this may be a stone of stumbling, and a\\nrock of offense to many, and their feeling may be\\nlike that of Hii Yong Mi on his first sight of the New\\nTestament. He says Turning over leaf after leaf\\none name alone was conspicuous on every page and\\nnothing else could I see, the name of Ya-su, Ya-su\\n(Jesus, Jesus). I was disappointed, angry, and in\\na sudden passion of rage I tore the book to pieces,\\nthrew the fragments on the floor, and not satisfied\\nwith destroying the book I wished for some sharp\\nimplement by which I might expunge the name Ya-\\nsu which stared at me from the mutilated pages.\\nBut, although the heathen may rage at the name\\nof Jesus when first presented, they may afterwards\\nbe won to it. Hear again from Hii Yong Mi Later,\\non my coming to a knowledge of the doctrine of\\nChrist, I recognized that in this action had been\\nfulfilled the words of the Psalmist, They hated me\\nwithout a cause/ I also thought, with such a dis-\\nposition the crowd about the cross had cried out,\\nCrucify him Crucify him Was I not, indeed, in\\n66", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nthe same category with them? Alas! A sinner, I\\nknew not that he who in the beginning created\\nman, heaven, earth, and all things, who dwells with\\nthe Supreme God, who is the way of eternal life,\\nthis One, become Man, was this same Jesus. He\\nwho, alone for our sake, descended from heaven,\\nsacrificed his body and shed his blood to redeem us\\nfrom sin and save us from everlasting death, who\\ncommissioned us to attain everlasting life, in end-\\nless joy to roam the heavenly plains, was this Jesus.\\nHe who corresponded exactly to that for which I\\nhad so imploringly longed, so hungered and thirst-\\ned, whose salvation I had craved, was Jesus. Him,\\nthe source of my life, my ladder of ascent to heaven,\\nmy light of true righteousness why knew I not to\\nlove and reverence him, to draw near to him, instead\\nof in anger to pierce and reject him?\\nBesides the outdoor preaching there are churches\\nand chapels in which the people can be kept under\\nbetter control but where the preaching to heathen\\naudiences must be essentially the same. There is\\nthis great advantage, however, that in them there is\\nmuch better opportunity for after meetings, in which\\ndirect personal work can often be done to good ef-\\nfect. The Rev. Griffith John gave a good illustra-\\ntion of this. In the General Conference at Shang-\\nhai, in 1877, he said: At the close of one of my\\nservices a man followed me into the vestry and\\naddressed me thus I have just heard you say that\\nChrist can save a man from his sins. Can he save\\n67", "height": "3436", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nme? What sins have you? I asked. Every sin\\nyou can think of/ was his reply. Then, reckoning\\nhis sins on the tips of his fingers, he said, I am an\\nopium smoker, fornicator, gambler, and everything\\nthat is bad. Can Christ save me? I said, Yes,\\nChrist can save you. When? he asked again.\\nNow, was the emphatic reply, if you will but\\ntrust him for this salvation. We both prayed, he\\nleading and I following. He was converted then\\nand there, I believe, and at once became one of the\\nmost earnest Christians I have ever known. Though\\nnot employed as a native agent he is ever making\\nknown the way of salvation to his acquaintances.\\nHis gospel is Christ the Saviour from sin; and the\\nevidence of Christ s power to save, adduced by him,\\nis the fact that he himself has been thus delivered\\nfrom the dominion of his own sins by simple faith\\nin the Redeemer. Several have been brought into\\nthe church through the instrumentality of this\\nman.\\nBesides the services for heathen congregations it\\nis often best to hold, especially on the Sabbath, spe-\\ncial services for Christians, where the preaching\\nmay be more systematic and instruction can be given\\nadapted to the needs of a Christian congregation.\\nAs soon as a few converts are gathered they are\\norganized into a church. The native converts should\\nbe instructed from the beginning, however poor\\nthey may be, to contribute as they are able for their\\nown church expenses. Very soon some among the\\n68", "height": "3468", "width": "2296", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nconverts will show a disposition to preach, and man-\\nifest a gift for preaching. Then they can be licensed\\nand sent out. Congregations are gathered by them\\nvery frequently in the houses of those who first\\nbelieve, and then chapels are built; in many places\\nsimple and inexpensive, but adequate to the needs\\nof the people. A number of churches gathered in\\na particular region will soon need organization into\\na Conference, or Presbytery, or Association, and\\nthus, gradually and naturally, higher ecclesiastical\\nbodies will be formed.\\nBesides the direct preaching, which is always and\\ne\\\\ ery where the chief work of the ministry, there\\nare several very important auxiliary agencies.\\nProminent among these are schools day schools, in\\nwhich, along with the ordinary branches of learn-\\ning, the truths of the gospel can be taught, hold a\\nvery important place in mission work. Through\\nthese the gospel is brought to the minds of the chil-\\ndren and often taken by them to their heathen\\nhomes. Boarding schools, academies and colleges\\nwill all be demanded as the work advances, and\\ntheological seminaries for the training of young\\npreachers are of the highest importance. In ad-\\ndition, considerable help may be given to the native\\npreachers by the missionaries in their periodical\\nvisits to the various stations.\\nThe medical work is also an important arm of\\nmissionary service. In heathen lands medical\\nknowledge is very crude and imperfect, and surgery\\n69", "height": "3444", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nalmost entirely unknown. It is well to follow in\\nthe footsteps of the Master and administer healing\\nto the body as well as to the soul. It is a good way\\nto get to the hearts of the people, and to open many\\ndoors to the entrance of the gospel which might\\notherwise remain closed.\\nWoman s work, as carried on by the women s\\nmissionary societies of the different churches, is one\\nof the most effective agencies of the work. The\\nseclusion in which women of the higher classes in\\nChina and India are kept renders this special work\\nof consecrated Christian women for their heathen\\nsisters one of special importance. Their teaching in\\nschools, their instruction and supervision of Bible\\nwomen, their wonderful work in medicine and sur-\\ngery, all are telling with immense power in heathen\\nlands.\\nThe distribution of Christian literature is another\\nvast agency for good. Bibles and tracts, hymn\\nbooks, Christian biographies, and school-books, are\\nprinted wherever Christian missions are found.\\nClosely connected with this is the work of transla-\\ntion. A Christian literature is to be provided for the\\ngrowing Christian communities the Bible is to be\\ntranslated into the general languages and the local\\ndialects, older and imperfect translations to be re-\\nvised, books of every useful kind to be translated or\\ncomposed.\\nIt will readily be seen that the mission field af-\\nfords opportunity for the exercise of every variety\\n70", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nof talent and gives abundant scope for all peculiari-\\nties of mental disposition. With its evangelistic,\\nits educational and its linguistic demands, and its\\nintellectual combats with able thinkers, all classes of\\nconsecrated talent will find full employment. In\\nall this work it must constantly be kept in mind\\nthat the object to be accomplished is to bring the\\ngospel, with all its blessings, to every creature.\\nSchools, medical work and all other agencies are\\nsubordinate and auxiliary to the preaching of the\\ngospel, and are to be cherished in proportion to their\\nefficiency in aiding to bring about the grand result\\nof discipling the nations. It must be noted, too,\\nthat the best and most useful men in our foreign\\nfields have been brought in through the preaching\\nof the gospel and have been trained in the work.\\nOn the other hand, it must be remembered that these\\nvery men are most earnest for the establishment of\\nschools and for a thorough training of young men\\nfor the work.\\nIt is important, moreover, to keep constantly in\\nmind that the good to be attained is the establish-\\nment of a self-supporting, self-governing and self-\\npropagating church. Anything which tends to\\npauperize the native church, and lead it to lean per-\\npetually on the home church, is to be carefully\\navoided; tendencies to keep the reins of government\\nin the hands of the foreign missionary are to be\\nguarded against; the idea must be early implanted\\nin the minds of native Christians that they must\\n7i", "height": "3436", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\npropagate the gospel in their own land and in neigh-\\nboring regions.\\nIt is evident that the evangelization of all the\\ngreat heathen countries must be accomplished by-\\nnatives. As Bishop Thomson said to the Chinese\\nChristians, We have brought the cross to your\\nshores; you must take it up and carry it through\\nthe Empire. As the Rev. R. S. Hardy, of India,\\nsaid at the Liverpool Conference The truth must\\nbe naturalized; it must cease to be regarded as an\\nexotic before it can thoroughly permeate and per-\\nmanently regenerate any given nation.\\nAll will agree that China must be evangelized by\\nChinese, Japan by Japanese, and every great coun-\\ntry by its own natives; but as soon as the question\\nof employing native agency comes up we find two\\nantagonistic opinions developing. The matter is\\nnecessarily very intimately connected with the self-\\nsupport of the native churches; and while all agree\\nthat the native church should become self-sup-\\nporting as rapidly as possible, and that the sal-\\naries of native preachers should not be beyond the\\nability of the native churches when fully established,\\nor such as to remove them in style of living from the\\npeople, there is great difference of opinion on this\\none point: should any native preacher be employed\\nby, and paid with the money of, the foreign mis-\\nsionary society? There are some who hold that no\\nnative should be employed as a preacher, and cer-\\ntainly never ordained, until he is wholly supported\\n1*", "height": "3468", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nby the native church. Such arguments as these are\\nused\\ni. The voluntary labors of a man in hours out-\\nside of his daily work are more valuable than his\\nwhole time when he is paid for it.\\n2. Paying native preachers presents a temptation\\nto go into the work for money.\\n3. The payment of wages to native preachers\\ntends to dwarf, if not to extinguish, voluntary\\nservice.\\n4. It retards self-support.\\n5. It makes the missionaries sole judges of the\\nqualifications of preachers, to receive and dismiss\\nthem at pleasure, which is ecclesiastically wrong.\\nIn answer to this it is said\\n1. If voluntary labors are more valuable than\\npaid labor it must be so everywhere and the argu-\\nment, if it proves anything, proves too much, and\\nis destructive of the ministry as a body set apart to\\na special work.\\n2. The payment of wages will be no temptation\\nto enter the work for money if the amount paid is\\nnot more than the person could earn in another em-\\nployment; especially when he is subject to persecu-\\ntions and trials as a preacher from which he would\\notherwise be free.\\n3. The payment of wages to men who give their\\nwhole time to the work ought not to hinder volun-\\ntary service on the part of those who have remuner-\\native employment.\\n73", "height": "3444", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\n4. It ought not to retard self-support if only a\\nmoderate sum is paid, and if the native church is\\ninstructed from the outset that it must do its utmost\\nto support its own ministry.\\n5. In the beginning of missions it is a matter of\\nnecessity that the missionaries should exercise much\\npower in the selection, employment and dismissal\\nof native agents. But as soon as churches can be\\norganized the members can be trained to their ap-\\npropriate share in the matter.\\nMany missionaries feel that, when among the\\nconverts we find men of piety, zeal, self-sacrificing\\nspirit, understanding the word of God and having\\na personal experience of divine things, glad to go\\nand preach the gospel, it would be wrong to wait\\nuntil a native church should grow up, able to sup-\\nport them, before they should be sent forth to use\\ntheir powers for the furtherance of Christ s king-\\ndom.\\nDr. Blodget voiced the sentiment of this class,\\nwhen he said at the Shanghai Conference: The\\nchurches in China may educate at their own ex-\\npense young men from Mongolia or Korea and\\nsupport them afterward while preaching the glad\\ntidings to their own countrymen. Why may not the\\nchurches in the United States or England in like\\nmanner educate and support Chinese preachers?\\nThe Chinese Christians are poor. There are among\\nthem those who are desirous of preaching the gos-\\npel. Is there anything in the word of God, or in\\n74", "height": "3464", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nthe example of Christ, to hinder our affording such\\naid to them as they may require?\\nThe author may repeat what he said at the same\\nConference\\nThe path of truth and safety in this, as in most\\nother matters, lies probably between the two ex-\\ntremes. With so large a field before us, and some\\nconverted men ready and qualified to preach the\\ngospel, it certainly does not seem to be the wisest\\npolicy to wait for a church to grow up and become\\nable to support them before they are sent forth.\\nWhy may we not as well employ a missionary\\nfrom Foochow at Yenping, as one from America at\\nFoochow? The fact that we can employ ten of the\\nformer with the same amount of money that is re-\\nquired for one of the latter certainly constitutes in\\nitself no objection to their appointment; nor can it\\nbe shown that it is better to leave all such outlying\\nregions to occasional visits from the missionary, or\\nto draw on the home Church for men and means to\\noccupy them permanently, than to send out native\\npreachers for the time being at the expense of west-\\nern churches.\\nThe proper conclusion, then, seems to be: Em-\\nploy suitable men to preach the gospel to their hea-\\nthen countrymen; but as soon as members are re-\\nceived into church fellowship accustom them, from\\nthe very first, to give according to their ability for\\nthe support of the gospel. And, that they may do\\nthis the more speedily, carefully avoid placing the\\n75", "height": "3436", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nsalary of the native preacher at too high a figure\\nsuch as the native church will be unable to pay, and\\nfrom which the native preacher will be unwilling to\\ncome down. This is not a case to which Jacilis est\\ndescensus will apply.\\nAs indicating the feeling which is sometimes en-\\ngendered among native preachers, and some of the\\ndangers to be guarded against, take the following\\nfrom the remarks of Ram Chandra Bose at the\\nDecennial Conference in India:\\nThe salary question is an important factor, and\\nshould not be thrown into the background. The\\nmen raised have a right to be paid. If doctors, law-\\nyers and undertakers, who are said to feed upon\\nhuman misfortunes, have a right to be paid, they\\ncertainly have. By whom are they to be paid By\\nthose who, under God, send them forth. John Wes-\\nley s mother is said often to have sent her children\\nto bed with a blessing but without a supper. If the\\nQueen of England were to adopt this course her\\nconduct would justly be censured, that being ab-\\nsolutely wrong in her which was right in poor Mrs.\\nWesley. In the same way the course adopted by\\nthe poor church at Jerusalem, in the matter of send-\\ning out preachers in the days of the apostles, would\\nbe wrong if adopted by the rich churches of Chris-\\ntendom to-day. These can make a provision for the\\npreachers they send, and are therefore bound to see\\nthat they are provided for. These are the churches\\nthat appoint native preachers through the instru-\\n76", "height": "3460", "width": "2224", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nmentality of their agents here, and they are equally\\nbound to see that these preachers are provided for.\\nNothing can be plainer than this. But it has been\\nsaid that the paying system has demoralized the na-\\ntive preachers. Not more certainly than it has the\\nmissionaries If the non-paying system is the right\\nsystem it ought to be adopted in the case of the\\nmissionary as well as in that of his assistants.\\nNative preachers thus employed ought to have as\\ngood a theological training as possible, but it is not\\nalways best that it should be in a theological school.\\nRev. R. B. Lyth, of the Fiji Mission, with fourteen\\nhundred church members, found it best to train the\\nnative preachers in the work, for the work. He\\nfound they could not endure the close confinement\\nof an institution, but with plenty of work and ex-\\nercise they would come to their studies with zest.\\nDr. Mason, of the Toungoo Mission in Burmah,\\nfound it best to take his students out with him, as\\nhe walked toward the groves at the approach of\\nevening, asking them questions and instructing them\\nalong the way. The early Serampore missionaries\\ngave most of their instruction to helpers while they\\nwere engaged in the work. This also was largely\\nthe case in all the missions in China. Where the-\\nological schools are established it is quite customary\\nto send the students out in the surrounding regions\\nto preach.\\nIn selecting native preachers careful inquiry must\\nbe made as to their possession of gifts, grace and\\n77", "height": "3440", "width": "2192", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nusefulness. The evidence in regard to this must\\nfirst be weighed by the missionaries. When there\\nis a native church the judgment ought to be the\\njoint judgment of the church and the missionaries\\nuntil the native church is self-supporting, when it\\nmay and ought to be allowed to be also self-gov-\\nerning.\\nAs mission work advances, what ought to be\\nthe rule in regard to making changes in the habits\\nand customs of the people?\\nClearly, we ought to require that all habits and\\ncustoms which are superstitious, indecent or unchris-\\ntian shall be abolished with innocent customs there\\nshould be no interference. It is no part of our\\nbusiness to dictate what kind of clothes a people\\nshall wear, but in those regions where it is not the\\ncustom to wear clothes at all it is right to insist on\\na change. The Chinaman s cue being a badge of\\nhis loyalty to the present government, and the wear-\\ning of the hair in that way being no sin, we have no\\nright to ask him to abandon it. The cramping of\\nthe feet of girls being cruel, and therefore unchris-\\ntian, must be given up. The custom of allowing\\nevery one who pleases to come to the house of a\\nnewly married couple on the evening of their wed-\\nding, and to tease and blackguard the bride as they\\nplease, being inhumane and unchristian, must be\\nabolished. The rule given will generally be found\\neasy of application.\\nAs to the administration of missions, it is gen-\\n78", "height": "3460", "width": "2228", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nerally conducted in accordance with the principles\\nof the denomination to which the missionaries be-\\nlong; although the most strenuous Congregational-\\nist will often find it necessary to exercise pretty\\nample episcopal powers in the initial stages of mis-\\nsion work, and some will retain them, either through\\nthe force of habit or a natural fondness for dom-\\nination, after the necessity for it has passed away.\\nIn Methodist Episcopal Missions the bishop in\\ncharge has the same authority as in a home Con-\\nference. When he is present at the annual session\\nhe fixes the appointments. During the year he may\\nof course make any changes he deems advisable.\\nThe Discipline provides that\\nWhen a Mission is established in a foreign\\ncountry, or in the United States and Territories\\noutside of Annual Conferences, the Bishop having\\nEpiscopal Supervision of the same shall appoint a\\nMember of the Mission as Superintendent, who may\\nalso be the Presiding Elder of a District. It shall\\nbe the duty of the Superintendent, in the absence\\nof a Bishop, to preside at the Annual Meeting of\\nthe Mission, to arrange the w T ork, and take general\\nsupervision of the entire Mission, and to represent\\nthe state of the Mission and its needs to the Bishop\\nhaving charge, and to the Corresponding Secre-\\ntaries.\\nThe Annual Meeting referred to is composed of\\nall the missionaries and native preachers, and has,\\nin all ecclesiastical matters, the functions and priv-\\n79", "height": "3432", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nileges of a District Conference. It also transacts\\nsuch other business as may be assigned by the\\nBoard, or grow out of the local interests of the\\nwork.\\nIt is customary, in missions in which the mem-\\nbers are not too widely scattered, to have monthly\\nor quarterly meetings to act upon all questions that\\nmay arise in the prosecution of the work, decisions\\nbeing made by a majority vote.\\nThe mental peculiarities and the innocent habits\\nand usages of the people should have careful con-\\nsideration in the framing of ecclesiastical organ-\\nizations. The general harmony prevailing among\\nmissionaries of different denominations and their\\nwillingness to learn from each other, to prove all\\nthings, and to hold, fast that which is good, are\\nreasons for hopefulness in regard to the church of\\nthe future in the great mission fields.\\n80", "height": "3460", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nCHAPTER VI\\nOrigin and Growth of Protestant Foreign\\nMissions\\nWithout doubt the seeds of foreign missions\\nwere sown in the Reformation, and we have some\\nindications of the fact here and there as, for in-\\nstance, the wish expressed by Erasmus that the\\nGospels and Epistles were translated into all\\nlanguages, so that they might be read and under-\\nstood, not only by Scots and Irishmen, but also by\\nTurks and Saracens; and the expression of his\\nbelief that in Asia and Africa there are surely bar-\\nbarous and simple tribes who could be easily at-\\ntracted to Christ if we sent men among them to\\nsow the good seed.\\nIn 1555 Admiral Coligny, afterward leader of\\nthe Huguenots, who was among the martyrs of\\nthe St. Bartholomew massacre, sent fourteen mis-\\nsionaries to Brazil, two of whom had been chosen\\nby Calvin but the Portuguese soon put an end to\\nthis Protestant colony.\\nGnstavus Vasa, of Sweden, sent a mission to the\\nLapps in 1559, opened schools among them, and\\nhad Swedish books translated into their language.\\nThe Dutch did some missionary work as they\\nadvanced into the Orient, driving the Portuguese\\n(6) 81", "height": "3448", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nout of Malaysia and Southern India. The work\\nof Grotius on the Evidences of Christianity was\\nwritten as a text book for Dutch missionaries\\nin their preaching to the heathen and it is said that\\nhe personally interested seven jurists of Lubeck\\nto go out to the East as missionaries. Peter Heil-\\ning went to Abyssinia in 1632. As early as 1612,\\nWalaeus, a Professor in the University of Leyden,\\ninstituted a college for training missionaries. In\\n1637 eight missionaries were sent out to the Dutch\\nWest Indies on the request of the Governor Gen-\\neral at Pernambuco.\\nThe followers of John Huss in Bohemia formed\\nthemselves into the Church of the Brethren of the\\nLove of Christ in 1457, and ten years later, unit-\\ning with some of the Waldenses and the Moravians\\nnotwithstanding many severe persecutions, they\\nbecame the Unit as Fratrum, better known as the\\nMoravian Church. This martyr church was\\nnearly exterminated by the Jesuit Anti-Reforma-\\ntion under Ferdinand II, in 1617; nevertheless,\\nthere was a remnant of faithful ones through the\\ncentury and in 1722 some of them emigrated to\\nan estate of Count Zinzendorf, in Saxony; where,\\non June 17, 1722, the first tree was felled for the\\nsettlement of Herrnhut, since so widely known as\\nthe headquarters of the Moravian Church and of\\nits great missionary activities. It is said of Count\\nZinzendorf that at four years of age he made this\\ncovenant with Christ Be thou mine, dear Saviour,\\n82", "height": "3448", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nand I will be thine. At the age of ten he became\\na pupil of Franke, at Halle, where he formed cir-\\ncles for prayer and organized his fellow students\\nas The Order of the Grain of Mustard Seed,\\nwhich pledged them to seek the conversion of\\nothers of heathen and Jews. He married Erd-\\nmuth Dorothea, a lady of rank; but they cast all\\nrank aside and covenanted to be ready to go to\\nthe heathen, staff in hand. They were glad to\\nfind the Moravian refugees at the Count s estate of\\nBerthelsdorf The Count consecrated his property to\\nthe work of forming circles of pious people within\\nthe Lutheran Church. When Dober and Nitschmann\\nset out for St. Thomas, West Indies, in 1732, they\\nwere willing to become slaves themselves in order\\nto reach the slaves to whom they went. In 1733\\nthe Moravians began their work in Greenland\\nwhich has met with such marked success, in 1734\\ntheir work among the Indians in New York and\\nPennsylvania, and in 1735 a missionary was sent\\nto the Indians in South America. In later years\\nthey have taken up work in Africa, Australia, India\\nand Tibet; and their missions have grown until\\nthey have 100,000 persons in their congregations.\\nGeorge Fox, the Leicestershire shoemaker who\\nfounded the Society of Friends, wrote, about 1643\\nAll Friends everywhere, that have Indians or\\nblacks, you are to preach the gospel to them and\\nother servants, if you be true Christians for the\\ngospel of salvation was to be preached to every\\n83", "height": "3428", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ncreature under heaven. In 1661 three of his fol-\\nlowers were moved to go towards China and\\nPrester John s country. Of these, Richard Costrop\\nfell ill and died, while John Stubbs and Henry Fell\\nreached Alexandria and there delivered their mes-\\nsage to Turk, Greek, and Papist. George Robin-\\nson obeyed a call to preach in Jerusalem. Mary\\nFisher faced the sultan Mahomet IV with impunity.\\nThe Pilgrims who sailed in the Mayflower in\\n1620 were missionaries. Though Robinson wrote\\nto the Governor of New Plymouth, Oh that you\\nhad converted some before you had killed any!\\nyet one of their number was set apart to labor for\\nthe conversion of the Indians. In the charter which\\nCharles I gave to the colony of Massachusetts it\\nwas asserted that the principal end of the planta-\\ntion was to win and invite the natives of the country\\nto the knowledge of the only true God and Saviour\\nof mankind, and the Christian faith; in 1646 the\\nColonial Legislature accordingly passed an act for\\nthe propagation of the gospel among the Indians.\\nThe first missionary society among Protestants\\nwas created by an act of the Long Parliament,\\nunder Cromwell, in 1649, which chartered the\\nCorporation for the Propagation of the Gospel in\\nNew England. Eliot and the Mayhews were\\nhelped by this Society, and Mistress Bland, the\\nfirst English woman missionary. John Eliot, born\\nin 1604, reached Boston in 1630, was ordained\\nPresbyterian minister of Roxbury, and gave the\\n84", "height": "3468", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nlast fifty-eight years of his life, ending in 1690, to\\nthe evangelizing of the Pequot tribe of the Iro-\\nquois Nation. He formed the first church of\\nRed Indians at Natick in 1660, and printed the Mo-\\nheecan Bible, at Cambridge, 166 1-3. Before his\\ndeath there were eleven hundred members in six\\nIndian churches. The Moheecans became extinct\\nin the subsequent wars, and in 1836 one hut, with\\nfour half-breed inmates, represented all that was\\nleft of his work.\\nThe East India Company, chartered first in 1600,\\ncould not claim in any other than an unconscious\\nand unintentional manner to have been a missionary\\nagency. Chaplain Terry, of Sir Thomas Roe s\\nembassy, sent by James I to the Great Mogul, re-\\nported that the natives said of the English, Chris-\\ntian religion devil religion Christians much drunk\\nChristians much do wrong; much beat; much\\nabuse others. This has unfortunately continued\\nto be true of very many for two and a half centuries.\\nNevertheless the charter of the United East India\\nCompany, given in 1708 by King William III, con-\\ntained provisions for a missionary establishment.\\nThe ministers were to learn the language of the\\npeople, the better to enable them to instruct the\\nGentoos in the Protestant religion. But the first\\nmissionaries sent avowedly to evangelize the na-\\ntives of India were sent by the Danish Government\\nand the German Pietists namely, Ziegenbalg and\\nPlutschau and their work was almost entirely con-\\n85", "height": "3436", "width": "2208", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nfined to the territory in Tranquebar that was under\\nDanish rule.\\nChristian Friedrich Schwartz, of Sonnenberg,\\nPrussia, born in 1726, died in 1798, was granted a\\nfree passage to India with his company, by the East\\nIndia Company, in 1750. His labors in Tan j ore,\\nTinnevelly and elsewhere met with much success,\\nand he must be considered the founder of the native\\nchurch in Southern India, which now numbers five\\nhundred thousand people. He is worthy of per-\\npetual remembrance among the early founders of\\nProtestant missions.\\nThe first Protestant missionary to Calcutta was a\\nSwede, Kiernander, of the Danish-Halle Mission\\nat Cuddalore, who went to Calcutta in 1758 on the\\ninvitation of Lord Clive himself. At the end of\\ntwenty-eight years of missionary work he had two\\nhundred and nine heathens and three hundred\\nRomanists as converts. Mr. Charles Grant, who at\\nfirst went out to Bengal as a trader, was instrumen-\\ntal in opening missionary work in North India. He\\nand those associated with him sent home for eight\\nmissionaries, of whom Grant was to support two.\\nThe men were sent out, and spent three years at\\nBenares in the study of the native languages, but\\ntheir hopes were not realized owing to the opposi-\\ntion of the East India Company.\\nThe idea of a world-wide propagation of the\\ngospel does not seem to have taken any hold upon\\nProtestant Christians in England until the Eight-\\n86", "height": "3444", "width": "2296", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\neenth Century had made much progress. Rev.\\nRobert Millar, a Presbyterian minister in Paisley,\\npublished in 1723 his History of the Propagation of\\nChristianity and the Overthrow of Paganism, in\\nwhich he urged effort for the conversion of the\\nheathen world. In 1744, after some remarkable\\nrevivals of religion had occurred, a number of min-\\nisters who felt awakened to duty in this regard es-\\ntablished a concert to promote more abundant ap-\\nplication to a duty that is perpetually binding\\nprayer that our God s kingdom may come, joined\\nwith praises. This was to be observed on Satur-\\nday evening and Sunday morning, with a special\\nsolemn observance on the first Tuesday of each\\nquarter. This had a rapid spread in England, and\\nin 1746 a memorial was sent to Boston inviting\\nall Christians in America to pledge themselves to\\njoin in it for the next seven years. Out of this\\ngrew the celebrated work of Jonathan Edwards,\\nA Humble Attempt to Promote Explicit Agree-\\nment and Visible Union of God s People inExtraor-\\ndinary Prayer for the Revival of Religion/ This\\nwork came into the hands of William Carey, and\\nhad great influence on his mind. This season of\\nawakening also gave birth to the first missionary\\nhymns. Watts s grand hymn paraphrasing the 72d\\nPsalm, Jesus shall reign where er the sun, was\\nwritten in 1719, Williams s O er the glowing\\nhills in 1722, and Shrubsole s Arm of the Lord\\nabout the same time.\\n87", "height": "3424", "width": "2224", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nCHAPTER VII\\nFormation of British Missionary Societies\\nbaptist missionary society\\nIt was in 1784 that action was taken which may\\nfairly be considered as inaugurating the modern era\\nof Protestant Missions. This was at Nottingham,\\nat a meeting of the Associate Baptist Churches,\\nwhen John SutclifT, minister of Olney, moved to\\narrange for meetings to earnestly implore a re-\\nvival of our churches and of the general cause of\\nour Redeemer. In the plan, which was drawn\\nup by John Ryland, Jr., of Northampton, other\\nChristian societies were cordially invited to join,\\nand the spread of the gospel to the most distant\\nparts of the habitable globe was named as the\\nobject of your most fervent requests.\\nIn 1780 William Carey (born in Paulerspury,\\nEng.. Aug. 17, 1 761) was baptized by Ryland in\\nthe river Nen. In 1781 this journeyman shoemaker\\nunited with eight others to form the Baptist church\\nin the hamlet of Hackleton. There he preached\\nhis first sermon, and in 1787 he was ordained by\\nAndrew Fuller to the ministry at Moulton village.\\nHe was constantly pondering on the state of the\\nheathen, and longing to go as a missionary to\\nOtaheite,", "height": "3444", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nIn 1792 the Baptist Missionary Society was\\nformed at Kettering and Carey was its first mis-\\nsionary. At the meeting on October 2 Carey had\\npreached from Isaiah liv, 2, 3, laying down his two\\ngreat mottoes, Expect great things from God,\\nAttempt great things for God. Retiring to the\\nlittle parlor of the widow Beeby Wallis, twelve\\nministers subscribed \u00c2\u00a313, 2s. 6d. and organized what\\nthey then named The Particular Baptist Society for\\nPropagating the Gospel among the Heathen.\\nNovember 10 of the next year, 1793, Carey, with\\nMr. Thomas, formerly a surgeon on an East Indian\\nship, landed at Calcutta, notwithstanding the op-\\nposition of the East India Company. India had by\\nthat time become, under Lord Cornwallis, virtually\\na Christian empire. Carey undertook to live on the\\nself-support system of the Moravian brotherhood,\\nbut in tropical India the attempt to preach and sup-\\nport himself and family by his own labor was dis-\\nastrous, and they were in danger of starvation. He\\nthen engaged in the manufacture of indigo at Dinaj-\\npore, and spent five years in perfecting his knowl-\\nedge of Bengalee of which he wrote a grammar\\nand into which he translated the New Testament\\nlearned Sanskrit, established a printing press, and\\nplanned new missions, all at his own cost. His first\\nconverts were chiefly European officials, and he\\nformed a church. Four colleagues arrived in 1799,\\nof whom Marshman and Ward became imperish-\\nably associated with Carey as the pioneer mission-\\n89", "height": "3444", "width": "2172", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\naries of India. They were established at Serampore,\\non the north bank of the Hoogly, fourteen miles\\nabove Calcutta. This became the fountain of life\\nand light for all Southern Asia. The three fam-\\nilies lived at the same table, at a cost of a little over\\nfive hundred dollars a year. When Ward died, a\\nson of Marshman, and Mack, a young Scotchman\\nfrom Edinburgh University, joined the missionary\\npartnership. In the half century ending in 1854\\nthis brotherhood had contributed nearly four hun-\\ndred and fifty thousand dollars to the mission. It\\nheld all the property, created by its own energies,\\nin trust on behalf of the Society. The success\\nachieved enabled it to raise large sums which were\\ndevoted to missions elsewhere.\\nWhen Carey was left the sole survivor of the five\\nwho had formed the Society their successors would\\nnot continue the work on their plans. Serampore\\nMission separated from the Society and aided by\\nChristians in various lands carried on Bible trans-\\nlation, opened new evangelizing stations, and es-\\ntablished a college to train missionaries and to\\neducate Brahmans and Mohammedans under Chris-\\ntian auspices. The financial burden proved too\\ngreat, but John Marshman redeemed all their\\npledges and made over their property to the So-\\nciety. This he afterwards bought back. He con-\\ntinued his work until 1854, and his successors until\\nBefore Carey s death, in 1834, the whole Bible\\n90", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nhad been translated into forty languages and dia-\\nlects, and the sacred books of the Hindus into Eng-\\nlish. Dr. Marshman also translated the Bible into\\nChinese, prepared a Chinese grammar and diction-\\nary, and translated some of the works of Confu-\\ncius into English. When the mission press at\\nSerampore was destroyed by fire, in 1812, so great\\nwere the interest and enthusiasm at home for the\\nwork that \u00c2\u00a310,000 was raised within fifty days and\\nsent on to Serampore. In 18 10 the stations in India\\nwere organized into five missions. By 1813 there\\nwere twenty stations, with 63 European and native\\nlaborers. In 1829 the Serampore College was estab-\\nlished under a charter from the Danish government.\\nAmong the other results of the labors in India of\\nCarey, Marshman and Ward, and their associates,\\nmay be mentioned the first large printing-press,\\npaper mill and steam engine; the first vernacular\\npaper in Bengali; the first savings bank, and the\\nfirst efforts for the education of native girls and\\nwomen.\\nThe mission in Ceylon, whose work has been\\nchiefly educational, was opened in 181 2. It has\\nstations at Colombo, Ratnapuri and Kandy, with\\nthousands of children in day schools and Sunday-\\nschools.\\nIn 181 3 the Society began work in the West\\nIndies, being moved thereto by Moses Baker, a fol-\\nlower of George Liele, a colored man from Georgia,\\nwho had formed congregations of slaves at Kings-\\n91", "height": "3436", "width": "2196", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nton and other places. After Mr. Liele s death Mr.\\nBaker applied to the Baptist Missionary Society\\nfor aid and the Rev. Mr. Rowe was sent out, on\\nthe advice of Mr. Wilberforce. In 1817 Rev.\\nJames Coultart settled in Kingston, and soon gath-\\nered a large and flourishing church. By 183 1\\nthere were 14 English missionaries on the island,\\nwho had in charge 24 churches, with 10,838 com-\\nmunicants. In that year the slaves rose against\\ntheir masters; and the missionaries, who had done\\nall in their power to quiet the natives and prevent\\nan insurrection, were arrested and threatened with\\ndeath, but when brought to trial were acquitted.\\nSome chapels were destroyed by mobs, and Mr.\\nKnibb was sent to England to secure redress. His\\nspeeches in favor of the abolition of slavery, awak-\\nening a hearty response from the Baptists of Eng-\\nland, were instrumental in bringing about that\\nresult. The government granted \u00c2\u00a35,510 for the de-\\nstroyed chapels, and Christian people added \u00c2\u00a313,000.\\nThe work was renewed, and carried on with such\\nsuccess that in 1842, the jubilee year of the Society,\\nthe churches assumed full self-support. The college\\nat Calabar (Kingston), which was opened in 1818,\\nis still maintained.\\nFrom 1842 to 1882 the Society carried on a very\\nsuccessful mission on the West Coast of Africa\\nforming churches, translating books, etc. Owing\\nto the establishment of German colonization on\\nthe west coast the mission was transferred to the\\n92", "height": "3468", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nBasle Missionary Society in 1880. In 1877 work\\nwas begun on the Upper and Lower Congo; and\\nalthough many deaths have occurred, and the mis-\\nsion premises at Stanley Pool were destroyed by\\nfire in 1886, the work is going forward with much\\npromise.\\nThe Society commenced work in Europe in 1834,\\nand carries it on at present in France, Norway and\\nItaly.\\nAfter several attempts it established a mission in\\nChina in 1877, which is carrying on vigorous work\\nin Shansi and Shantung. Its work in Japan began\\nin 1879, and its mission to Palestine in 1880.\\nIts latest statistics show 807 stations mission-\\naries, 164 men, 114 women; native helpers, 403;\\ncommunicants, 19,269, this number being less than\\nnormal owing largely to disastrous floods in Shan-\\ntung, North China; 1,790 additions last year;\\n14,699 pupils under instruction income in Great\\nBritain, $376,657.\\nSOCIETY FOR THE PROPAGATION OF THE GOSPEL\\nThe Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in\\nForeign Parts was chartered in 1701 by King\\nWilliam III. It consisted of 96 members, including\\nthe Archbishops of Canterbury and York and the\\nBishops of London and Ely. The charter defined\\nits purposes to be receiving, managing and dis-\\npensing of funds contributed for the religious in-\\nstruction of the queen s subjects beyond the seas;\\n93", "height": "3424", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nfor the maintenance of clergymen in the planta-\\ntions, colonies and factories of Great Britain, and\\nfor the propagation of the gospel in those parts/\\nIts first work was among settlements of English\\npeople in Moscow and Archangel, which was soon\\nfollowed by work in North America, the West\\nIndies and other colonies.\\nIts first effort at distinctive foreign missionary\\nwork was the foundation of a missionary college\\nat Calcutta, in behalf of which a royal letter was\\nissued by the Prince Regent, in 1818, authorizing a\\ngeneral collection, the proceeds of which amounted\\nto \u00c2\u00a345,747. The original object of this college was\\nto educate native East Indian and European young\\nmen for the service of the church. While the work-\\ning of the college was in some respects unsatis-\\nfactory it yielded some good results through the\\nmissions which were established under the care of\\nits graduates, and which embraced 113 villages,\\nwith 26 chapels and 7 schools. After many disap-\\npointments, it is now giving great encouragement\\nin sending forth well-qualified graduates from eight\\ndistinct races, in being an effective instrument of\\nChristian education in Bengal, and in promoting\\nevangelistic work in the neighborhood of Calcutta.\\nThe Society opened a mission in Cawnpore in\\n1 84 1, and in Delhi in 1852, both of which suffered\\nseverely in the mutiny of 1857 the Delhi mission\\nbeing obliterated; but it was reorganized in i860.\\nIn 1877 the University of Cambridge undertook to\\n94", "height": "3448", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nmaintain a body of men who would live and work\\ntogether in some city in India, and Delhi was fixed\\nupon for the experiment; this Society undertaking\\nthe maintenance of most of these Cambridge vol-\\nunteers.\\nIn 1869 the Society took over the work of Pastor\\nGossner, of Berlin, in the Chutia Nagpore mission,\\nwith 17,000 Kol converts, scattered in 300 villages,\\nwhich were divided into 35 circles, each with a\\nnative reader having immediate supervision of\\nthe converts, who also had periodical visits from\\nthe chief missionary.\\nIn 1835, having taken up some years previously\\nthe work of the Christian Knowledge Society in\\nMadras, it constituted a bishopric with its headquar-\\nters in that city but embracing the work among the\\nTelugus and that at Tan j ore, Tinnevelli, and other\\ncenters.\\nAlthough the Society began work in Bombay\\nin 1836 it was of little importance until Bishop\\nDouglas, in 1869, laid out a plan for a chain of\\nmission stations, of which Poona, Kolapore and\\nAhmednuggur were chief. Since that time the\\nwork has been very prosperous.\\nCeylon was entered in 1838 and Burma in 1859.\\nIt has missions also in various portions of the\\nStraits Settlements and in Borneo.\\nIt commenced work in Japan in 1873, in North\\nChina in 1874, and in Korea in 1889.\\nWork in South Africa was begun in 1820, and\\n95", "height": "3432", "width": "2208", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nincludes, as in other countries, both pastoral care of\\nEnglish colonists and evangelistic work among the\\nnatives. It now numbers thousands of converts\\namong the Kaffirs and other tribes and gives much\\nattention to education, and especially to industrial\\nwork, teaching the boys carpentry, wagon-making,\\nblacksmithing, tinsmithing, and gardening, and the\\ngirls household work. It also has a diocese of\\nMauritius, including many surrounding islands of\\nthe Indian Ocean. It began work in Madagascar in\\n1864, and set apart a bishop for it in 1874.\\nThe work in Australia, begun in 1795, now has\\n12 dioceses, two of which are self-supporting. The\\nwork in New Zealand, begun in 1837, has six dio-\\nceses, independent of England.\\nThat the extreme high-churchism of this Society\\nprevents it from coming into harmony and active\\nco-operation with the great body of Protestant mis-\\nsionary workers is much to be regretted. While\\nthere are some notable exceptions, in general its\\nmissionaries hold aloof from those of other denom-\\ninations, and are in marked contrast in this respect\\nwith the workers of the Church Missionary Society.\\nThe Society for the Propagation of the Gospel re-\\nports for 1899, 500 stations; 4,000 outstations; mis-\\nsionaries 611 men, 170 women; 3,326 native help-\\ners; 70,000 communicants; 38,000 pupils under\\ninstruction; income in Great Britain, $661,775.\\nThe Women s Mission Association reports an in-\\ncome of $41,793.\\n96", "height": "3448", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nlondon missionary society\\nThe London Missionary Society grew out of an\\ninvitation sent by Dr. Ryland, a member of the\\nBaptist Missionary Committee, to Dr. David Bogue,\\na Presbyterian minister, and Mr. Stephen, his\\nfriends, to come and listen to the reading of the\\nfirst letters received from the missionaries Carey\\nand Thomas. With the object of organizing a\\nsociety for non-Baptists Dr. Bogue wrote an ad-\\ndress to professors of the gospel, exhorting them\\nto earnest prayer and conversation and to consulta-\\ntion in regard to missions to the heathen, and ask-\\ning an annual subscription to send out twenty or\\nthirty missionaries. This address was published in\\nthe Evangelical Magazine in September, 1794, and\\nawakened such great interest in England and Scot-\\nland that a meeting was agreed upon to provide\\nfor the formation of a society on the 4th of Novem-\\nber, when ministers of various denominations met,\\nand sent out a circular in January, 1795, proposing\\nthe organization of a society. Ministers made known\\nthe plan to their congregations, and delegates were\\nappointed to a convention to be held for that purpose\\nin September. A preliminary meeting of ministers\\nwas held on the evening of the 20th. On the 21st,\\nin the Spa Fields chapel, Dr. Haweis, of Aldwinkle,\\npreached a stirring sermon on the Great Commis-\\nsion; after which the ministers and laymen ad-\\njourned to the Castle and Falcon, on Aldersgate\\n(7) 97", "height": "3436", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nstreet, and formed what was then called The\\nMissionary Society. The three following days\\nwere occupied with missionary meetings in different\\nparts of the city. Christians of all denominations\\nwere meeting together, singing the praises of God,\\njoining in hearty prayer for the spread of the gos-\\npel, and receiving a baptism of missionary zeal and\\nconsecration.\\nThe Missionary Society at the outset received\\nmuch support from Presbyterians and Episco-\\npalians, but gradually they in the main withdrew\\nto work through organizations connected with\\ntheir own churches, leaving the Society to be car-\\nried on mostly by the Independents or Congrega-\\ntionalists; but it still holds to its original declara-\\ntion: That its design is not to send Presbyterianism,\\nIndependency, Episcopacy, or any other form of\\nchurch order and government (about which there\\nmay be difference of opinion among serious per-\\nsons), but the glorious gospel of the blessed God to\\nthe heathen, and that it shall be left (as it ought to\\nbe left) to the minds of the persons whom God may\\ncall into the fellowship of his Son from among them\\nto assume for themselves such form of church\\ngovernment as to them shall appear most agreeable\\nto the Word of God. The condition of member-\\nship in the Society is an annual payment of one\\nguinea. A general meeting of the Society is held\\nin the month of May in each year, at which directors\\nand officers are elected; and all matters are deter-\\n98", "height": "3448", "width": "2256", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nmined by a majority vote of the members present\\nThe management is by a Board of Directors not\\nmore than one third of whom reside in or near\\nLondon.\\nIn August, 1796, the ship Duff with twenty-nine\\nmissionaries sailed for Tahiti. In the same year\\nthis Society joined with two Scotch societies in\\nsending an expedition to Sierra Leone, which how-\\never met with no success. Dr. Vanderkemp and\\nsome others were sent to South Africa in December\\nof the same year. A missionary was sent to Cal-\\ncutta in 1798, but the mission in India was not\\ndefinitely organized until 1804, when Messrs.\\nRingeltaube, Cran and DesGranges were stationed\\nat Vizagapatam and Travancore, and Mr. Voss at\\nColombo, Ceylon. The North India Mission was\\nestablished in 18 16. Some help was sent to the\\nWest Indies in 1807, which resulted in founding\\na mission at Demarara, which was afterward ex-\\ntended to British Guiana and to Jamaica. The\\nmission to Mauritius was opened in 18 14, and in\\n18 18 the work in Madagascar began, which had a\\ncareer of wonderful success and whose history is\\namong the most interesting of all missionary annals.\\nIn the same year work was opened in Siberia and\\nTartary; but it was closed by a Russian edict in\\n1840.\\nRobert Morrison, the first of a noble line of mis-\\nsionaries to China, was sent out in 1807, and was\\nobliged to come to New York to secure passage,", "height": "3436", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nowing to the opposition of the East India Company\\nto the beginning of missionary work in China.\\nIn subsequent years the missions thus opened\\nwere reinforced and strengthened from time to\\ntime, but no new work was opened until 1879, when\\nthe Society responded to a call from the Dark Con-\\ntinent and established a mission at Lake Tangan-\\nyika, made sacred by the memories of Livingstone.\\nThis Society, like the American Board of Com-\\nmissioners for Foreign Missions, gradually lost its\\ninterdenominational character. The Church Mis-\\nsionary Society, formed in 1799, took off the evan-\\ngelical churchmen. In 18 14 the Wesleyan Metho-\\ndist Society was organized, and later the\\nPresbyterian societies drew off that element of the\\nconstituency; for many years it has been almost\\nwholly sustained by Congregationalists or Inde-\\npendents. It has been a great pioneer society, a\\nleader in the South Sea, in China, in Africa and\\nMadagascar. Its roll contains many of the most\\neminent names in missionary history, such as those\\nof John Williams, of Erromanga Robert Morrison\\nand William H. Medhurst of China John Vander-\\nkemp, Robert and Mary Moffat and David Living-\\nstone, of Africa. At first many of the missionaries\\nsent out were artisans, without scholastic training;\\nbut this mistake was not long continued, and in\\nlater years the missionaries of this Society have been\\nnoted for scholarly attainments as well as for con-\\nsecrated service.\\n100", "height": "3444", "width": "2264", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe latest statistics of the London Missionary\\nSociety show 97 stations; 1,260 outstations; mis-\\nsionaries 196 men, 226 women; 5,240 native\\nhelpers; 52,803 communicants, of whom 1,817 were\\nadded last year; 50,613 pupils under instruction;\\nincome in Great Britain, $666,526.\\nCHURCH MISSIONARY SOCIETY\\nThe Church Missionary Society owes its origin\\nto a meeting of sixteen clergymen at the Castle\\nand Falcon, London, April 16. 1799. who organ-\\nized the Society for [Missions to Africa and the\\nEast; its object being to take the gospel to Mo-\\nhammedans and heathen, the Society for the\\nPropagation of the Gospel having sent missionaries\\nonly to British colonies. In 1812 it changed its\\nname to The Church Missionary Society for Af-\\nrica and the East. in order to indicate its connec-\\ntion with the established church, but distinctly\\navowed its purpose to maintain friendly intercourse\\nwith other Protestant Societies engaged in the same\\nwork; and it has ever remained remarkable not\\nonly for this brotherly co-operation and honor, but\\nalso for its evangelical large-heartedness, its sound\\nprinciples of method and its excellent government\\nand organization at home and abroad. It is con-\\nducted by a Patron, always a member of the Royal\\nFamily; a Vice Patron, the Archbishop of Canter-\\nbury a President, who must be a layman a Vice\\nPresident, usually a clergyman, and a committee\\nIQI", "height": "3444", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nof twenty-four laymen and all the clergymen who\\nhave been for one year or more members of the\\nSociety.\\nIts first missionaries were sent to West Africa,\\nand the foundations of the work in Sierra Leone\\nwere laid in 1816. Work began in New Zealand\\nin 1 8 14, in the Levant in 181 5, in India in 18 16, in\\nCeylon in 1817; work among the North American\\nIndians in 1826, in East Africa in 1844, m China in\\n1845, m Mauritius in 1854, and in Japan in 1869.\\nThis also has been a great pioneer Society, espe-\\ncially in Africa, America and New Zealand and has\\nbeen particularly active in work among Moham-\\nmedans. Its income is usually more than that of\\nany other Society, and it has had a notable list of\\nworkers prominent among whom are Selwyn,\\nHannington, Mackay, Crowther, French, Burden\\nand Moule. Since 1887 it has sent out all properly\\nqualified candidates, without regard to the state of\\nits finances, and it has been remarkably successful\\nin following this policy.\\nStatistics of the Church Missionary Society for\\n1899 show 520 stations; missionaries 530 men,\\n383 women; native helpers, 6,154; communicants,\\n64,904, of whom 493 were added last year; pupils\\nunder instruction, 88,094; income in Great Britain,\\n$1,889,135. The Church of England Zenana Mis-\\nsionary Society, a woman s organization which acts\\nin harmony with the Church Missionary Society,\\nreports 72 stations; 221 missionaries; 850 native\\n102", "height": "3448", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nhelpers; 10,468 pupils under instruction; income in\\nGreat Britain, $230,575.\\nWESLEYAN MISSIONARY SOCIETY\\nThe Wesleyan Methodist movement was of a mis-\\nsionary character from its very inception. As early\\nas 1744, through the efforts of Whitefield, special\\nhours of prayer were observed for the outpouring\\nof the Spirit on Christendom, and upon the whole\\ninhabited earth. John Wesley s first visit to\\nAmerica was for the purpose of preaching to the\\nIndians. In 1786 Thomas Coke, providentially\\ndriven out of his course to Nova Scotia, landed in\\nthe British West Indies, and a mission to the negro\\nslaves was at once commenced. He had the charge\\nof Wesleyan Missions until 1804, when a Com-\\nmittee of three was appointed to oversee the work.\\nA mission to West Africa was undertaken in 181 1\\nand on Dec. 31, 181 3, Dr. Coke, at the age of 76,\\nsailed for Ceylon to found the third Methodist\\nmission. He died on his way thither, and found a\\nwatery grave, but the Wesleyan Methodist Mission\\nwas organized and has grandly carried on its work.\\nIt is managed by a Committee appointed annually\\nby the Wesleyan Methodist Conference, which also\\nelects its general secretaries and treasurers.\\nThe Society followed up its work in West Africa\\nby entering South Africa in 18 14, Xew South Wales\\nin 181 5, Tasmania in 1821, Victoria in 1838,\\nQueensland in 1850 and China in 1853. Its work\\n103", "height": "3444", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\namong the Maoris of New Zealand was begun in\\n1822, in the Friendly Islands in 1826, and its most\\nremarkable and successful work in the Fiji Islands\\nin 1834. Of this the Cyclopedia of Missions well\\nsays: There is nothing more wonderful than the\\ntransformation of these savages through the power\\nof the gospel, nothing more touching than their\\nreadiness to receive and their eagerness to make\\nknown that gospel to those who know it not.\\nThe mission to New Britain was an outgrowth\\nof the Fiji mission. In 1875 nine of the native\\npreachers volunteered to go on this dangerous mis-\\nsion. Seven of them were married, and their wives\\ngladly joined in their offer. The English consul\\nset before them the great hazard of their under-\\ntaking, to which they replied We are all of one\\nmind. We know what those islands are. We have\\ngiven ourselves to this work. If we get killed,\\nwell; if we live, well. We have had everything\\nexplained to us, and we know the danger. We are\\nwilling to go. Four of this party were treacher-\\nously murdered and eaten by cannibals. After this\\nhad happened one of the wives in a new outgoing\\nparty was asked whether she still purposed to go to\\nsuch a field, and replied T am like the outrigger\\nof a canoe where the canoe goes there you will\\nfind the outrigger. In 1888 their first missionary\\nmeetings were held, and \u00c2\u00a350 contributed to the\\nWesleyan Missionary Society. The work is now\\nvery prosperous.\\n104", "height": "3448", "width": "2308", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nWork was commenced in China in 1852 by the\\nRev. George Piercy, who went out at his own ex-\\npense but was afterward accepted by the Society\\nand appointed to Canton. This has developed into\\na very important work in this portion of Southern\\nChina.\\nStatistics for 1899 give 276 stations; 320 out-\\nstations; 182 missionaries; 180 native helpers;\\n46,262 communicants, of whom 1,622 were added\\nlast year; 90,117 pupils under instruction; income\\nin Great Britain, $557,901. The Women s Aux-\\niliary reports 44 stations 300 outstations 52 mis-\\nsionaries; 140 native helpers; 18,254 pupils under\\ninstruction; income in Great Britain, $66,927.\\nENGLISH PRESBYTERIAN SOCIETY\\nThe Presbyterian Church of England sent out\\nthe Rev. William C. Burns, as its first missionary to\\nChina, in 1847. He labored for four years in Hong\\nKong, Canton, and the neighborhood, but in 185 1\\nproceeded to Amoy, where Dr. James Young was\\nhis medical colleague. In succeeding years many\\nexcellent missionaries were sent out, prominent\\namong whom were the Rev. David Sandeman and\\nthe Rev. Carstairs Douglas. Their three great\\nfields in China are at Amoy, Swatow, and in the\\nHakka country. They also have a flourishing mis-\\nsion on the Island of Formosa. Their missionaries\\nhave worked in great harmony with those of the\\nReformed Church of America, and churches have\\n105", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nbeen organized, and a Presbytery constituted from\\nthose attached to both missions. The missions of\\nthis church are among the most successful of all\\nengaged in the work in China.\\nLatest reports of the Presbyterian Church in\\nEngland show 75 stations; 120 outstations; mis-\\nsionaries 35 men, 49 women; 156 native helpers;\\n5,943 communicants, of whom 477 were added last\\nyear; income in Great Britain, $117,985.\\nSCOTCH PRESBYTERIAN SOCIETY\\nThe Presbyterian Church of Scotland may justly\\ndate the beginning of its missionary efforts from\\n1699, when four missionaries were sent out to the\\nScotch colony at Darien to supply the vacant places\\nof two ministers who went out with the colonists,\\nand who had died. In 1825 the General Assembly\\nappointed its first Foreign Mission Committee,\\nconsisting of ten able men. The departure of Alex-\\nander Duff for Calcutta in 1829 greatly stimulated\\nthe missionary ardor of the church. The seminary\\ncommenced by Dr. Duff in 1830 became a great\\neducational institution in which all the instruction\\nwas brought to bear on the religious well-being of\\nthe students. The high quality of its education\\nbroke down the prejudices of many Hindus against\\nits religious teachings, and it has proved itself a\\ngreat power in the progress of Christianity in India.\\nIn 1835 the General Assembly took over the work\\nof the old Scottish Missionary Society which had\\n106", "height": "3448", "width": "2268", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nbeen founded in 1822. Drs. John Wilson and J.\\nMurray Mitchell and other laborers had been trying\\nsince 1828 to do the same kind of work in Bombay\\nand Poona that Dr. Duff was doing in Calcutta.\\nThe transfer of the mission developed the English\\nschool at Bombay into a missionary college, where\\nthe first Parsee converts were brought to Christ,\\nand many educated Brahmans were won over\\nto faith in Christianity. Among these the names\\nof Rev. Dhanjibhai Naoroji, a Parsee, and Rev.\\nNarayan Sheshadri, are reckoned as those of two of\\nthe most efficient and successful of native ministers.\\nDr. Duff s stirring appeal in the General Assem-\\nbly of 1837 led to the founding of the mission in\\nMadras by the Rev. John Anderson, which has been\\nvery successful.\\nThe disruption of the Church of Scotland oc-\\ncurred in 1843, sm ce which time we must reckon\\nboth the Established and the Free Church of Scot-\\nland among the great missionary factors of the cen-\\ntury. The Established Church had much property\\nin India, but nearly all the missionaries went into\\nthe Free Church. The Established Church carried\\non its institutions and its work in the presidencies of\\nCalcutta, Bombay and Madras, giving much atten-\\ntion to the work of higher education. A mission in\\nthe Punjab was opened in 1857. Its mission in\\nGujerat has been very successful, though at the\\noutset one of the missionaries, the Rev. Thomas\\nHunter, his wife and infant child were shot at the\\n107", "height": "3444", "width": "2228", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ntime of the mutiny. Missionaries were sent to\\nDarjeeling in 1870 who have since been reinforced,\\nand much good work is in hand.\\nWork was begun in Africa in 1874, growing out\\nof the news of Livingstone s death and Mr. Stan-\\nley s letter from Uganda; and in 1877 a mission\\nwas started at Ichang, in the interior of China. The\\nSociety also has Jewish missions in Egypt, Beirut,\\nConstantinople and other regions. It has many ex-\\ncellent workers, and is recognized as one of the\\ngreat missionary agencies of our time.\\nChurch of Scotland statistics show 21 stations;\\nyy outstations; European missionaries 44 men, 85\\nwomen 537 native helpers 2,334 communicants, of\\nwhom 251 were added last year; 5,957 pupils under\\ninstruction, income in Great Britain, $188,035.\\nThe Women s Association reports income in Great\\nBritain, $71,624.\\nTHE METHODIST NEW CONNEXION MISSIONARY\\nSOCIETY\\nThis is the oldest of the divisions of Wesleyan\\nMethodism in England, having been organized in\\n1797. Its attention was early called to the needs\\nof Ireland and Canada, and it began a mission in\\nIreland in 1825 and one in Canada in 1835. Its\\nheathen mission was established in China in 1859.\\nWork was begun in Shanghai and subsequently\\nremoved to Tientsin, in North China. This is the\\nonly foreign mission the denomination has. A\\n108", "height": "3448", "width": "2264", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nstrong native agency has been developed in connec-\\ntion with the mission, and it has been the policy of\\nthe society to raise up a force of native teachers\\nand preachers.\\nA farmer from a distant town came to the chapel\\nservice in Tientsin one day and remained at the after\\nmeeting, where he said he had come to the city in\\nobedience to a dream. He became a convert, and\\non his return to his own neighborhood began a\\ngospel work which led to a great awakening and a\\nnew center of Christian influence was established.\\nIRISH PRESBYTERIAN FOREIGN MISSIONS\\nThe Presbyterian Church of Ireland was organ-\\nized in 1840, and one of the first things it did was\\nto call upon two men to go out to India to form a\\nmission. They had not offered to go, but the\\nChurch deemed it had a right to ask them to go,\\nand it was set down as a precedent for all time to\\ncome. Besides the India work, with its seven\\nstations in the Gujerat district, the Church has a\\nmission in Manchuria, China, with stations at New-\\nchang, Kinchan, and Kirin, and missions among\\nthe Jews. It has in all 19 stations and 1,960 com-\\nmunicants. Its income in 1899 was nearly $101,000\\nFOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE WELSH CALVINISTIC\\nPRESBYTERIAN CHURCH\\nThe Calvinistic Presbyterians or Methodists be-\\ngan to contribute to the London Missionary Society\\n109", "height": "3424", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nsoon after it was established. In 1840 it established\\na missionary society of its own. Its first field was\\nin Bengal, India. The work there covers seven\\ndistricts, and is chiefly in the hills. The second\\nmission was begun in Brittany, France, in 1842.\\nThe Society received $46,839 in 1898, when it\\nreported 3,231 communicants in its two fields.\\nTHE PRIMITIVE METHODIST MISSIONARY SOCIETY\\nThe Missionary Society organized by the Prim-\\nitive Methodists of England, dating from 1843,\\nwas for many years engaged in home and colonial\\nwork only.\\nIt planted churches of its order in Australia, New\\nZealand and Canada. In 1870 it sent two mission-\\naries to the Spanish Island of Fernando Po. A\\ndevoted Primitive Methodist captain and carpenter\\nof a trading vessel had become interested in the\\npeople during a brief stay at the island, and induced\\nthe Society to take steps to evangelize the people,\\nsome of whom were Baptists. The mission has\\ngrown despite determined Roman Catholic oppo-\\nsition.\\nA second mission, at AHwal, in Cape Colony,\\nwas begun in 1870. It is among the natives. In\\n1889 missionaries were sent out to establish a\\nmission on the Zambesi River. The Society has\\n1,256 communicants in connection with its foreign\\nmissions, and raises about $35,000 a year for their\\nsupport.\\nno", "height": "3428", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nsouth american missionary society\\nThe history of the founding of this Society par-\\ntakes largely of the heroic if not the romantic in\\nmissions. Captain Allen Gardiner, its founder,\\nwas a man of means who was thoroughly devoted\\nto the cause of missions. With his wife and\\nfamily he visited many countries with the object\\nof finding the most abandoned heathen on earth\\nand becoming a pioneer Christian missionary to\\nthem. Finally, he settled on the natives of South\\nAmerica as, at all events, sufficiently abandoned\\nfor his purpose and tried to reach some of the\\nmountain tribes, but his efforts were frustrated by\\nthe Roman Catholic priesthood. Then he turned\\nhis attention to Patagonia, where the Church of\\nRome was not represented, and in 1844 ne organ-\\nized the Patagonian Missionary Society. Soon\\nafter he and a few others attempted to establish a\\nmission in Tierra del Fuego, without success. The\\nSociety was discouraged, but Captain Gardiner was\\ndetermined to persevere. He seems to have been\\nformed for the purpose of battling with adverse\\ncircumstances. A thousand pounds was raised,\\nof which nearly a third was given by Captain\\nGardiner himself, and in 1850 he started again,\\nwith a surgeon, a carpenter, three Cornish fishermen\\nand one other all devoted Christian men who re-\\nalized the desperate nature of their venture. They\\nwere left with their boats in a harbor of Tierra del\\nin", "height": "3436", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nFuego, on which they were to live because of the\\nviolent and thieving nature of the people. Nine\\nmonths of misfortune and disaster followed,\\nscarcely equaled in the annals of Arctic exploration.\\nIn a heavy storm they lost an anchor and both of\\ntheir small boats for landing. Then they discovered\\nthat the supply of powder and shot, which they were\\nto use to supply themselves with game and de-\\nfend themselves from the natives, had by some over-\\nsight gone on to San Francisco in the ship which\\nbrought them. Another storm destroyed one of\\ntheir two vessels. With the remaining vessel they\\nmade another harbor, where they all finally perished.\\nThe relief expedition arrived too late, and only\\nfound the remains of two of the men, including\\nCaptain Gardiner, and their journals.\\nThe details of the sufferings and death of\\nthese heroic missionaries did what Gardiner could\\nnot do while he was living, roused a strong interest\\nin South American missionary effort. The Society\\nwas re-formed, as the South American Missionary\\nSociety, on Mr. Gardiner s plan, with one of the\\nWest Falkland Islands as a station, whence com-\\nmunication could be had with Tierra del Fuego.\\nAnother attempt was made in 1856, with success.\\nFuegians were induced to come to the Falklands,\\na few at a time, and there received Christian in-\\nstruction, and at the same time imparted a\\nknowledge of the Fuegian tongue to the mission-\\naries.\\n112", "height": "3432", "width": "2296", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe Society has work not only among the Fue-\\ngians and other natives of South America, but in\\naccordance with Captain Gardiner s plan has mis-\\nsions to English and to Spanish- and Portuguese-\\nspeaking peoples. Missions on the East Coast are\\nin Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay and Brazil, on\\nthe West Coast in Chili.\\nThe income of the Society is about $56,000 a\\nyear. It is supported by Church of England people.\\nTHE FRIENDS FOREIGN MISSIONARY ASSOCIATION\\nThe Friends of England claim a long and con-\\nsistent record as friends of foreign missions. In\\nthe clays of George Fox they sent missionaries to\\nChina and to Prester John s country, and on subse-\\nquent occasions Friends have done mission work\\nin foreign fields. In 1865 a provisional commit-\\ntee was appointed to promote the cause, and in\\nthe following year the first missionary was sent to\\nIndia. The association now has missions in India,\\nMadagascar and China. Industrial schools, day\\nschools, zenana visitation, evangelistic and medical\\nwork are carried on by the missionaries. The\\nFriends of England also maintain a medical mission\\nin Constantinople, and a Syrian mission for the edu-\\ncation of boys and girls. In the latter, the Friends\\nof New England bear an important part.\\nNORTH AFRICAN MISSION\\nAlgeria being open, under French occupation,\\nto the reception of the gospel, attention was at-\\n8 113", "height": "3444", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ntracted to the field, in England, by the visits of\\nGeorge Pearce, Mr. H. Grattan Guinness and\\nothers, 1876- 1880, and a committee was formed\\nfor the conduct of a mission among the Kabyles.\\nThe movement is undenominational. The mission\\nwas begun in 1881, but its progress was slow\\nowing to the great difficulties encountered, particu-\\nlarly with representatives of the French Govern-\\nment. There are stations not only in Algiers, but\\nalso in Morocco, Tunis, Tripoli, North Arabia.\\nThe work is among the Berbers, the Bedouins and\\nother Moslem tribes.\\nCONGO BALOLO MISSION\\nThis is an undenominational mission established\\nin 1889 by Mr. and Mrs. H. Grattan Guinness, of the\\nEast London Institute. Its sphere of operations\\nis in the Balolo country, said to have a population\\nof ten millions all of whom speak the same language.\\nThe country extends beyond Equatorville on the\\nsouth side of the Congo. This mission is a part\\nof the work formerly under the direction of the\\nGuinnesses, the rest having been transferred to the\\nAmerican Baptist Missionary Union.\\nUNITED METHODIST FREE CHURCHES MISSIONARY\\nSOCIETY\\nThe United Methodist Free Churches are the\\nresult of a union of the Wesleyan Association with\\na number of churches of the Wesleyan Reform,\\n114", "height": "3448", "width": "2292", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nin 1857. The Missionary Society of the united\\nbody inherited missions in Jamaica and Australia.\\nIt has since then opened missions in Sierra Leone,\\nWest Africa, where it has a considerable body of\\nnative communicants, and in East Africa, among the\\nWa Nyika race, dwelling about twelve miles from\\nthe coast of the Indian Ocean. The renowned\\nAfrican missionary, Dr. Krapf, assisted in founding\\nthis enterprise. Attempts have been made also to\\nreach the Gallas. The mission has suffered severely\\nfrom loss of missionaries by disease and violence.\\nThe Society has a mission in China, with head-\\nquarters at Ningpo.\\nThe Society has an income of about $50,000.\\nIt has 8,651 communicants on its foreign fields,\\na number exceeded by few societies in Great Britain\\nand Ireland.\\nUNIVERSITIES MISSION TO CENTRAL AFRICA\\nThis mission was the result of appeals by David\\nLivingstone and Bishop Gray of Cape Tow r n.\\nArchdeacon Mackenzie, of Natal, was consecrated\\nBishop for the mission which was established by\\nhim at Magomero, south of Lake Nyassa, at the\\nsuggestion of Dr. Livingstone, among a colony of\\nreleased slaves. The site proved unhealthy, and\\nBishop Tozer, the successor of Bishop Mackenzie,\\nremoved it to Zanzibar, where released slaves w r ere\\ncarefully trained. After some years a chain of\\nstations was formed from the coast to Lake Nyassa,\\n115", "height": "3436", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nand the headquarters of the mission removed to\\nLukama, on the Lake.\\nThe mission is supported by members of the\\nChurch of England. Its income in 1898 was some-\\nwhat less than $160,000.\\nBRITISH AND FOREIGN BIBLE SOCIETY\\nThis Society was organized in London in 1804,\\non an undenominational basis, to furnish the\\nScriptures to populations in the home field, in the\\ncolonies and in other countries, whether Christian,\\nMohammedan or pagan. The first foreign branch\\nof the society was in Nuremberg, a Roman\\nCatholic priest distributing the first consignment\\nof 1,000 copies in Suabia. The first foreign edition\\nwas of John s Gospel in Mohawk and English.\\nThe Society was especially successful in inducing\\nvarious European countries to organize Bible so-\\ncieties of their own. It entered the various mission\\nfields of Asia, Africa, North and South America,\\nand the islands of the sea, and furnished the Scrip-\\ntures or portions of the Scriptures to missionary\\ntribes and peoples in their own tongue. It maintains\\nmany agencies for Bible distribution, and as long\\nago as 1868 its income passed the million mark.\\nFREE CHURCH OF SCOTLAND\\nThe Free Church of Scotland began work in 1843\\nwith the advantage of having a mission and a num-\\nber of missionaries in India. Giving up the build-\\n116", "height": "3448", "width": "2312", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nings to the Established Church, however, it be-\\ncame necessary to purchase new premises and erect\\nnew buildings but these were speedily provided by\\ngenerous contributions, and the school in Calcutta\\nopened with a larger number of pupils than ever.\\nIn 1864 the congregation at Calcutta opened\\na branch mission among the Santhals, in Upper\\nBengal, and established schools at three other\\nplaces. The schools at Bombay, Poona and Madras\\nwere also carried on successfully. In due time the\\nMadras school became the United Christian Col-\\nlege for all South India. The medical missions at\\nMadras and Conjeveram have been very useful in\\neducating native youth as physicians and nurses.\\nIn 1844 the Free Church took over the Kaffir\\nmissions from the Glasgow Missionary Society\\nand opened a mission in the Nagpur province, in\\nthe center of India, under Rev. Stephen S. Hislop,\\nwho found three excellent laymen, survivors of\\nthe German Missions, who were a great help to him.\\nRev. Robert Hunter inaugurated a second station\\nat Kampti. Institutions were established, the chief\\nof which was the Hislop Missionary College. In\\n1864 the Rev. Narayan Sheshadri, a graduate of\\nWilson College, under the Established Church,\\nfounded the Deccan Mission in the Mohammedan\\nstate of Hyderabad. All the colleges are affiliated\\nwith universities, and train Christian converts for\\nservice, both in vernacular and English preaching,\\nas Presbyterian pastors and missionaries.\\n117", "height": "3444", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nThe Kaffir mission was begun by the Glasgow\\nMissionary Society, which sent out Rev. W. R.\\nThompson and a catechist in 1821. They began at\\na small village on the Chumic river, and baptized\\nfive Kaffirs in June, 1823. In December of that\\nyear the Rev. John Ross and wife arrived to rein-\\nforce the mission. A church, a printing press and\\nschools soon made a great change in the habits of\\nthe natives and awakened a desire for education.\\nNew stations were established at several churches,\\nand when the mission was handed over to the Free\\nChurch, in 1844, the work was in a prosperous\\ncondition; with a missionary seminary, valued at\\nabout $12,500, with 14 theological students, and\\nsome graduates already engaged in evangelistic\\nwork. The work continued to grow under the\\nnew administration until the war of 1846 compelled\\nthe missionaries to flee some returning to Scot-\\nland, and others going to labor among the colonists\\nat Cape Town. On the restoration of peace, in\\n1848, the missionaries returned to their posts, the\\nseminary was reopened, destroyed property was\\ngradually replaced, and in a few years the mission\\nwas moving successfully in all departments.\\nThe mission has been divided into two, known\\nas the South and North Kaffir missions, divided\\nby the great Kei river. In the Lovedale Institu-\\ntion, at Alice, of which Rev. J. Stewart, M.D., is\\nin charge, the boys are taught farming, carpenter-\\ning, wagon making, printing and bookbinding,\\n118", "height": "3464", "width": "2308", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nwhile the girls are instructed in domestic arts, and\\nall receive a good general education and are\\ntaught the word of God. There is a prosperous\\nchurch at Lovedale, out of which a number of\\nother churches have grown.\\nThe North Kaffir mission has its center at\\nBlythewood, with a good institution, and does its\\nwork mainly among the Fingoes. At its ju-\\nbilee, in 1 87 1, 2,000 natives and 1,000 Europeans\\njoined in thanksgiving to God. The one station\\nof Kaffir huts had grown into 10 great evangelistic\\ncenters with over 70 outstations.\\nDr. Duff s appeals, after his visit to South Africa,\\nled to the establishment of a mission among the\\nZulu Kaffirs of Natal in 1867 the first stations\\noccupied being Pietermaritzburg and Impolweni,\\nunder the Rev. James Allison, a most devoted mis-\\nsionary. The Rev. John Bruce, Rev. James Scott\\nand many other faithful laborers followed. In\\n1874 the Dowager Countess of Aberdeen made a\\nlarge gift to establish a memorial station in honor\\nof her son, the Hon. J. H. Gordon. This was es-\\ntablished in Natal, near the border of Zululand,\\nand the Rev. J. Dalzell became the efficient mission-\\nary in charge.\\nBut perhaps the most interesting field of this\\nchurch is East Central Africa, which was opened\\nunder the appeals of Livingstone. It was named\\nthe Livingstone Mission and purposed to occupy\\nthe country around Lake Nyassa. The first settle-\\n119", "height": "3444", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nment was made at Cape Maclean, at the south end\\nof the lake, by the Rev. James Stewart, C.E., whose\\nlife was sacrificed, and he was succeeded by the Rev.\\nRobert Laws. From this center many places were\\noccupied along the west shore of Nyassa, in North\\nand South Angoniland, between lakes Nyassa and\\nTanganyika, and in the uplands southwest of Cape\\nMaclean. Dr. Laws gained the confidence of the\\npeople, and gathered large numbers of children into\\nschools. The mission has passed through some try-\\ning periods, but has met with much success and is\\nwell sustained.\\nThe Free Church commenced work in Syria in\\n1872, after a visit by Dr. Duff and Principal Lums-\\nden to the mountains of Lebanon. They sent out\\nRev. John Rae and united with the work of the\\nLebanon Schools Society, which had been carried\\non since 1839. They occupied Shevier as their first\\nstation, and followed with a number of out-stations.\\nA Syrian evangelical church has been formed and\\na church building erected.\\nThis Church has also done a great work in the\\nNew Hebrides, in connection with other Presby-\\nterian Boards of Scotland, Canada, Australia and\\nNew Zealand. The work began in Aneityum,\\nwhere John Geddie labored successfully and trans-\\nlated portions of the Scriptures. He began in 1848,\\nand in six years there were 30 schools and 2,600\\npeople attended public worship. A memorial tablet\\nin the church at Anelgahat says When he landed\\n120", "height": "3448", "width": "2312", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nin 1848 there were no Christians here, and when he\\ndied in 1872 there were no heathen.\\nIn Fotuna John Williams succeeded in conciliating\\nthe people but his death prevented the sending out\\nof teachers. Some of the Samoan teachers sent in\\n1 84 1 were killed and eaten, but in the face of perse-\\ncution the work has been carried on with a good de-\\ngree of success, and a medical mission has also been\\nestablished. In Aniwa, in spite of the killing of\\nsome of the early teachers from Aneityum in 1840\\nand succeeding years, the work has prospered, and\\nin 1866 J. G. Paton found a people prepared to\\nlisten to his teachings. The mission house was\\nerected on a site which had been devoted to cannibal\\nfeasts. In eight years the island was completely\\nChristianized.\\nTanna was a very trying field for many\\nyears. The native teachers of John Williams\\nwere obliged to flee; and Turner and Nesbit,\\nof the London Missionary Society, barely escaped\\nwith their lives in 1843. From that time until 1858\\nSamoan teachers tried to introduce the gospel in\\nthe midst of severe opposition. In the latter year\\nJohn Paton and Mr. Copeland landed on the island\\nand were soon joined by others; and in later years\\nthe mission has been very successful. Erromanga\\nis known for the martyrdom of Williams and of\\nothers who followed him. Rev. G. N. Gordon,\\nof Nova Scotia, went out in 1857, and did much ef-\\nfective work for four years, but he and his wife\\n121", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nwere murdered in 1861, the superstitions of the\\nnatives having been awakened by a series of\\ncalamities. His brother, J. D. Gordon, succeeded\\nhim in 1864, and Mr. J. McNair followed in 1868.\\nMr. Gordon was treacherously murdered by a native\\nin 1872. Here also the gospel has won many\\ntrophies in recent years. The New Hebrides Mission\\nSynod has supreme authority in all general eccle-\\nsiastical matters.\\nWork in South Arabia was commenced in 1885\\nby the Hon. Ion and Mrs. Keith-Falconer, who\\nsettled at Sheik-Othwan for work among Moham-\\nmedans and Somalis in the neighborhood of Aden.\\nThe Gommittee of the Free Church agreed to ap-\\npoint Dr. B. vStewart Cowan as a medical mission-\\nary in 1886, but the mission is conducted as un-\\ndenominational. Hon. Ion Keith-Falconer died in\\n1887, and was buried in the cemetery of Aden\\nCamp, but immediately thereafter the Countess\\nDowager of Kintore and Mrs. Keith-Falconer each\\nguaranteed \u00c2\u00a3300 a year for the support of two mis-\\nsionaries, and in a few years the mission was fully\\nequipped. Progress, though slow, is not without\\nencouragement.\\nThe statistics of the Free Church show 45 stations\\n304 out-stations; missionaries 127 men, 135 wom-\\nen; 1,149 native helpers; 10,977 communicants, of\\nwhom 395 were added last year; 35,298 pupils under\\ninstruction; income in Great Britain, $254,570.\\nThe Women s Society reports an income of $79,680,\\n122", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nUNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH\\nThe United Presbyterian Church of Scotland\\nwas formed in 1847 from bodies that had seceded\\nfrom the Established Church and were known as\\nthe Secession Church and the Relief Church.\\nMissionaries were sent out from Scotland early\\nin this century by the Scottish Missionary Society\\nand the Glasgow Missionary Society. The first\\nScotch missionary to the heathen was Peter Greig,\\nwho went to South Africa, and who belonged to one\\nof the churches which formed the United Presby-\\nterian Church.\\nIts work has been in the West Indies, where it\\ntook up the mission which had been opened by Rev.\\nGeorge Blyth and others of the Scottish Missionary\\nSociety, followed in 1835 by Rev. James Paterson\\nand others of the United Secession Church. Sta-\\ntions were opened and vigorous missionary work\\nwas carried on in Jamaica and surrounding regions,\\nand in 1846 the negroes had been raised from their\\ndegradation, and were already sending out mission-\\naries to West Africa. The work has continued to\\nbe successful. There are about 50 ordained min-\\nisters, about half of whom are natives, and over\\n12,000 members. Trinidad was entered in 1835\\nby Rev. Alexander Kennedy, and the work has been\\nprosecuted with increasing success until the present\\ntime.\\nThe work of this society in Africa has centered\\n123", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nat two stations i Old Calabar, where the Rev.\\nH. M. Waddell and other missionaries were sent\\nby the Jamaica Negroes in 1846, and found the\\nkings and people somewhat civilized, with consider-\\nable knowledge of English. The printing press was\\nsoon introduced and the Bible translated, and the\\nwork has been maintained with much success.\\n2. Kaffraria, where work was begun by the Glasgow\\nMissionary Society a portion of which came under\\nthe Free Church, in 1844, and the remainder under\\nthe United Presbyterian Church in 1847. The\\nravages of war have interfered with mission work,\\nbut the ground has been held until over 3,000 mem-\\nbers have been received into the churches.\\nIn India this Church has carried on work in Raj-\\npootana and its feudatory states since i860, and has\\nbeen very prosperous. The self-denying labors of\\nWilliam and Gavin Martin during the famine of\\n1869 had a wonderful effect upon the people, and\\ngave them great confidence in the missionaries. A\\nmission press is established at Ajmere, and the\\nwork is constantly growing.\\nIn China, Manchuria has been the field of labor\\nfirst by a medical missionary at Ningpo, and after\\n1870 by Rev. Dr. Alexander Williamson at Chefoo.\\nRev. John Ross and Rev. John Macintyre began\\nthe work in Manchuria in 1873, and the entire mis-\\nsion was concentrated in that field in 1885, where\\nit has met with a large measure of success.\\nThe Church sent out its first missionaries to\\n124", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nJapan in 1863. It united with other bodies of\\nPresbyterian polity in forming the Church- of\\nChrist in Japan, which has had a rapid growth,\\nand carries on very effective educational and evan-\\ngelistic work.\\nStatistics of the United Presbyterian Church\\nshow 114 stations; 268 out-stations; European mis-\\nsionaries 93 men, 43 women; 881 native helpers;\\n26,971 communicants; 21,070 pupils under instruc-\\ntion; income in Scotland, $305,186.\\nCHINA INLAND MISSION\\nThis Society was formed in England in response\\nto appeals of Mr. J. Hudson Taylor for the unoc-\\ncupied provinces of the great Chinese Empire, par-\\nticularly the inland provinces. Mr. Taylor had\\nspent several years in missionary work in China,\\nhaving been sent out by the Chinese Evangelization\\nSociety. After some years of service he separated\\nfrom that Society because of difference in views,\\nbut continued his work independently. He returned\\nto England in i860, impressed with the feeling that\\nthe great need of China could not be met unless a\\nlarge force of evangelists could be put into the field.\\nHe sent out several young men in the next few\\nyears to labor on this plan, their expenses only be-\\ning provided. He published a little book in which\\nthe needs of China were set forth so convincingly\\nthat a society was formed, and he himself with\\nseveral volunteers sailed for the field in 1866. At\\n125", "height": "3440", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nfirst the home organization was exceedingly\\nsimple; one man acted as treasurer and printed an\\noccasional paper. Then a small council was formed\\nand honorary secretaries did the necessary work.\\nLater a resident secretary was appointed, and the\\nstaff was gradually increased as the work grew.\\nThe first stations in China were in the provinces\\nof Chekiang, Kiang-su, Ngan-hwuy, and Kiang-si.\\nAt the end of the first ten years there were 44 mis-\\nsionaries, including their wives, assisted by 70 na-\\ntive helpers and six Bible women. In 1886, when\\nthe Mission had been in operation twenty years, it\\nhad stations in eleven provinces not one of which\\nhad any Protestant missions in 1865, before the\\nsociety began its labors, and in seven other pro-\\nvinces. The number of its missionaries was 152,\\nnot including wives. As the occupation of new\\nstations was apt to be accompanied with riotous\\nattacks upon the missionaries the plan of visiting\\na place several times before occupying it was\\nadopted, to allow the people to become familiar with\\nthe missionaries. The result was, it is said, quite\\nsatisfactory.\\nThe Mission, according to its latest reports, has\\n149 stations and 169 out-stations, with 323 male\\nand 450 female missionaries, and 605 native helpers.\\nThe number of communicants is 7,147. The\\nannual income of the society is about $190,000.\\nOn arrival in the field new workers are sent to\\none of the training schools maintained by the Mis-\\n126", "height": "3440", "width": "2280", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nsion, and are there prepared for their work, serv-\\ning as probationers. From the training school\\nthey go to a station and continue their studies\\nunder direction of the senior missionaries. A\\ncourse of study divided into six sections is laid\\ndown. If all goes well, and the probationer gives\\npromise of usefulness, he is accepted at the end of\\ntwo years as a junior missionary, and becomes as-\\nsistant to a missionary on a district. At the end\\nof five years he is eligible to appointment as a\\nsenior missionary if he passes the examinations\\nsatisfactorily. Several districts are grouped under\\nthe supervision of a superintendent who may call\\nthe senior missionaries of his district together at\\nany time for counsel. The superintendents are\\nmembers of the general council of the Mission,\\nwhich has quarterly conferences. No promise of\\nsalary is made to the missionaries, many of whom\\nare possessed of sufficient means of their own or\\nare supported by friends. The treasurer in China\\nreceives remittances from time to time from Lon-\\ndon and Toronto and supplies the needs of those\\nwho have no other provision, the funds being\\ndivided pro rata. Sometimes the funds are in-\\nadequate, in which case the missionaries have to get\\nalong as best they can.\\nThe Mission is supported by. voluntary contri-\\nbutions, no personal solicitations or collections\\nbeing made. Among the supnorters are members\\nof various denominations. The direction of the\\n127", "height": "3444", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nwork is solely in the hands of the missionaries on\\nthe field.\\nOTHER SOCIETIES IN GREAT BRITAIN\\nThere are many other societies in England and\\nScotland which are interested either directly or in-\\ndirectly in foreign missions. Some are small and\\nhave no particular history. There are sixteen\\nforeign missionary societies, besides those already\\ndescribed, fourteen colonial and continental so-\\ncieties, three medical missions, seven tract and\\nBible societies, and thirteen missions to the Jews.\\nThe aggregate receipts of all these societies in 1898\\nwere over $1,000,000.\\nThe combined statistics of the Protestant Mis-\\nsionary Societies of Great Britain, as given in the\\nAlmanac of Missions for 1900, published by the\\nAmerican Board of Commissioners for Foreign\\nMissions, are as follows: 3,370 stations; 7,565 out-\\nstations; European missionaries 2,816 men, 2,557\\nwomen; 22,191 native helpers; 372,195 communi-\\ncants; 13,278 added last year; 448,362 pupils under\\ninstruction; income in Great Britain, $7,766,740.\\n128", "height": "3444", "width": "2288", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nCHAPTER VIII\\nContinental Missionary Societies\\nbasle missionary society\\nThis is the oldest of the missionary societies of\\nGermany, excepting, of course, the Moravian\\nChurch. The Society was formed in 1815 for the\\nspecial purpose of training men for missionary serv-\\nice in Basle. Before that they had for some years\\nreceived their training in Berlin. When ready for\\nservice these students generally offered themselves\\nto London or Holland Societies. In 1821 the So-\\nciety sent two men to Southern Russia, and thus\\nentered directly upon missionary work. Missions\\nin Liberia and on the Gold Coast in West Africa,\\nand on the west coast of India were undertaken in\\nthe same decade. Subsequently, China and Cam-\\neroon, Africa, were added to the Society s fields.\\nThose who managed its affairs had a difficult under-\\ntaking. It was by no means regarded as a necessary\\nor desirable enterprise, and it was the policy of its\\nsuccessive inspectors or directors to extend con-\\nstantly the circle of its friends and supporters. Its\\nmethods are those usual in foreign missionary fields,\\nevangelistic, educational, medical, etc. It also has\\nbeen interested in industrial movements. It has pro-\\nvided lands for tillage, shops, and other industrial\\n(9) 129", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nresources for the training and employment of the\\nnatives. This feature necessitated the establishment\\nof commercial houses on the Gold Coast and in\\nIndia to manage the products of the various indus-\\ntries. The trade department has proved remunera-\\ntive, furnishing about 17 per cent of the income.\\nThis industrial development is made possible by the\\nfact that the men trained at the Mission House in\\nBasle are almost invariably from the laboring\\nclasses. Of all those who entered up to 1882 only\\n17 were without a vocation. Of the 1,112 men 143\\nwere farmers, 98 weavers, 69 shoemakers, 65 work-\\ners in wood, 50 workers in iron, 73 teachers, etc.\\nEvery student must have a trade. In every field,\\ntherefore, there are skilled farmers, mechanics, and\\nartisans of various classes.\\nThe Society is undenominational, and has affili-\\nations with members of most of the Protestant\\nchurches of Central Europe. Its affairs are under\\nthe control of a Board of seven laymen and six\\nministers. The Board is self-perpetuating. No\\nspecific salary is offered to missionaries; but they\\nare told that they will receive necessary care. The\\nBoard exercises a direct supervision over them, not\\nonly as to their service but also as to their state in\\nlife. They are not expected to marry without the\\napproval of the Board. Homes in Basle are main-\\ntained for the children of missionaries. As to the\\nchurches in the field, the Presbyterian form of or-\\nganization is employed and a simple ritual is used.\\n130", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe receipts of the Society exceed $250,000 a\\nyear.\\nBERLIN MISSIONARY SOCIETY\\nThe Berlin Society, strictly the Society for the\\nPromotion of Evangelical Missions among the\\nHeathen, grew out of the school established by\\nPastor Janicke in Berlin for the training of mission-\\naries. In this school missionary candidates from\\nBasle were prepared for the work before the Basle\\nSociety was formed. The Berlin Society dates from\\n1824, but the previous years were years of prepara-\\ntion for the organization, which was brought about\\nat a meeting in which the great German theologian,\\nTholuck, and the eminent Church historian, Ne-\\nander, were leading spirits. At first the purpose of\\nthe Society was to raise funds to help other socie-\\nties, but in a few years it decided to enter the field\\nitself.\\nThe business of the Society is in the hands of a\\nself-perpetuating committee of eighteen. The ad-\\nministrator is called Director. The Seminary in\\nBerlin for the training of missionaries is an im-\\nportant feature of home management. Applicants\\nmust have a good common-school education, and\\nmust spend a year in Berlin in preparation for ad-\\nmission. In this period their Christian character,\\nknowledge of the Bible and general fitness for mis-\\nsionary work is tested. As the candidates are large-\\nly of the working classes, theological instruction,\\nbased on the Lutheran standards, is given in the\\n13 1", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nSeminary. The course of study extends over four\\nyears. The income of the Society is in the neigh-\\nborhood of $100,000. In establishing a mission\\nstation the usual plan is to secure property large\\nenough to accommodate the necessary mission\\nbuildings and also houses for the native converts;\\nmission families or communities thus being estab-\\nlished.\\nThe two fields of the Society are Africa and\\nChina. In Africa there are stations in the Orange\\nFree State, the Transvaal, Cape Colony, Kaffraria\\nand Natal, and there are six synods in the field.\\nIn connection with these synods are between 20,000\\nand 25,000 communicants.\\nThe mission in China was begun in 1882, or\\nrather received in that vear from the Barmen So-\\nciety. It is in the city of Canton.\\nFOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE MORAVIANS\\nThe Moravians have never been a numerous\\nsect, but they have always been an intensely active\\nmissionary body. Their zeal for the conversion of\\nthe heathen has never been surpassed, indeed has\\nscarcely been equaled by that of any other Christian\\npeople. The name given them, Moravians, from the\\ncountry of Moravia, in Germany, is not their official\\ntitle. They call themselves Moravians, in common\\nwith the rest of the world, but their organization\\nis officially the Unitas Frairwn. The Moravians\\ngo back to the fifteenth century for their origin.\\n132", "height": "3464", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe followers of John Huss, the Bohemian re-\\nformer and martyr, were brethren of the same or-\\nder and doctrine. They were suppressed just before\\nthe Thirty Years War, but they preserved their\\nepiscopate until opportunity came to renew the\\nBrotherhood on the estate of Count Zinzendorf, in\\nSaxony. Here the town of Herrnhut was founded,\\nand there the brethren lived as a community. When\\nMoravians came to the United States they founded\\nthe town of Bethlehem, Penn., on the same plan.\\nThe Church owned the lands and stocked the\\nfarms, the industrial establishments, etc., and they\\nwere worked for its benefit. In return the Church\\nprovided the inhabitants with the necessaries of life.\\nWhoever had private means retained them. This\\npolicy was given up more than fifty years ago in the\\nUnited States but was retained in a modified form\\nin Germany.\\nCount Zinzendorf became interested in foreign\\nmissions very early in his youth, while he was a stu-\\ndent in the Academy of Halle. He fell in with men\\nwho were being prepared to go to the Malabars\\nin India, in connection with a Danish mission, and\\nduring a visit in. Copenhagen listened with intense\\ninterest to an account of the condition of Negroes\\nin St. Thomas, West Indies. He related these\\nthings to the Brethren on his return to Herrnhut,\\nand two young men offered to go to St. Thomas as\\nmissionaries. In 1732 one of these young men,\\ntogether with Bishop David Nitschmann, set out for\\n*33", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nthe West Indies. This was the beginning of Mo-\\nravian missions.\\nThe Church in Germany, Great Britain and the\\nUnited States is one, and foreign missions are di-\\nrected by the Church itself through its General\\nSynod, composed of representatives from the three\\nprovinces, Germany, Great Britain and the United\\nStates, and from the foreign missions. The Gen-\\neral Synod meets once in ten or twelve years and\\nappoints an executive council, or board, consisting\\nof bishops and other ministers, to superintend the\\ngeneral affairs of the Brotherhood in the interval\\nbetween meetings of the General Synod. This\\ncouncil is called the Unity s Elders Conference.\\nThis is divided into three boards Education, Fi-\\nnance and Missions. The Missions Board has charge\\nof all foreign missions. It names a treasurer, a\\nsecretary of missions in England and agents of\\nmissions in Germany, England and the United\\nvStates. Appointments of missionaries and estab-\\nlishment of stations are matters submitted to the\\nwhole Unity s Elders Conference.\\nThe aim of the missionaries is to preach the gospel\\ndirect to those to whom they are sent. The awak-\\nened are called New People, and are included\\nin the class of catechumens to be instructed. They\\nare not admitted to baptism until their lives show\\nthat they really desire to abandon heathenism and\\nbecome Christians. After baptism they are kept\\nfor a while as candidates for the communion. Sep-\\nJ 34", "height": "3448", "width": "2300", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\narate meetings are held for the New People, for\\nthose who are to be admitted to baptism, and for\\ncandidates for the communion; also for children,\\nsingle men, single women, married people and\\nwidows and widowers.\\nSt. Thomas, in the West Indies, was the first\\nMoravian mission field, and the second was Green-\\nland. While Count Zinzendorf was in Copenhagen\\nhe saw two baptized Greenlanders and heard an\\naccount of the efforts of Air. Egede to evangelize\\nthat heathen people. There was some thought,\\nhe learned, of abandoning the field, the difficulties\\nwere so great. He told these things to the Brethren\\nin Herrnhut, as he had those about St. Thomas, and\\nin 1733, five months after the St. Thomas mission-\\naries sailed, a second party started for Greenland\\nand occupied the Southern part as their field, the\\nDanish mission taking the Northern section.\\nThe third mission was to the North American\\nIndians. Other fields entered by the Church, are\\nGuiana, South America, South Africa, among the\\nHottentots, Kaffirs, and other savages, Barbadoes\\nand other West India islands. Central America,\\nLabrador, Alaska, Central Asia, on the border of\\nTibet, Australia, among the aborigines, and other\\ncountries. Successful missions to lepers are main-\\ntained in Jerusalem and in South Africa.\\nAccording to latest statistics the Moravians have\\n137 principal stations, 184 European missionaries,\\nand 33,505 communicants. The receipts in Eng-\\ni35", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nland were in 1898 $68,542; in all the provinces,\\n$125,347.\\nRHENISH MISSION SOCIETY\\nOrganized at Barmen in 1828, this Society is\\nwidely known as the Barmen Society. It was\\nformed by the union of small societies at Barmen\\nand Elborfeld, which sent their candidates to Basle\\nseminary to be trained. A training school was\\nopened at Barmen in 1825 and this led to the or-\\nganization of the Rhenish Mission Society.\\nSouth Africa was its first fieki. There it has\\nthree districts Cape Colony, Namaqua and Herero.\\nThe churches in Cape Colony are self-supporting.\\nThe communicants include Europeans, imported\\nNegroes, Hottentots, and a mixture of many races.\\nNamaqualand is North of Cape Colony on the West\\nCoast, and Herero is in the center of Damaraland,\\njust North of Namaqualand both now German\\nterritory. The Namaquas, a branch of the Hotten-\\ntots, are hunters, and a somewhat fierce people.\\nTheir country is dry, and unfit for cultivation, and\\nthe people are necessarily nomadic in their habits.\\nThe Hereros, on the contrary, are a pastoral people.\\nThey keep large herds of cattle and are a true Negro\\ntribe. They learn slowly, but hold what they ac-\\nquire.\\nThe missions in the Dutch East Indies are in\\nBorneo, Sumatra, and Nias. In Borneo and Suma-\\ntra the native tribes reached are the Dyaks and the\\nBattas.\\n136", "height": "3448", "width": "2260", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe Chinese mission is in the province of Kwan-\\ntung, among the Puntis.\\nIn 1887 the Society began missionary work in the\\nnorthern and German portion of New Guinea,\\namong the Papuans.\\nThe Society receives about $120,000 a year. Its\\nlist of ordained workers includes 23 missionaries\\nand it has 1,100 native teachers and helpers.\\nNORTH GERMAN MISSIONARY SOCIETY\\nThis Society was organized in 1836 by missionary\\nunions in Bremen, Hamburg, and other places.\\nPreviously these unions had gathered money for\\nother Societies. In those days there was great op-\\nposition to missionary societies. Church author-\\nities frowned on such enterprises, the people mocked\\nat them, no church could be secured for their an-\\nnual meeting, and notices of them could not be\\ninserted in the papers in connection with religious\\nannouncements.\\nThe Society established a missionary institute at\\nHamburg in 1837, and five years later sent five of\\nits graduates into the field. New Zealand was the\\nfirst field. The work is no longer among heathen\\nbut nominally Christian natives. The African mis-\\nsion is on the Gold Coast. In common with othe*\\nmissions it has suffered from the destructive climate.\\nThe income of the Society, which is supported\\nboth by Lutheran and Reformed elements, is about\\n$33,000 a year.\\ni37", "height": "3444", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ngossner missionary society\\nThis Society is the outcome of the missionary\\nzeal of Pastor Gossner. Gossner was a Roman\\nCatholic, but becoming deeply imbued with evangel-\\nical principles he became an evangelical pastor in\\nBerlin. He was one of the directors of the Berlin\\nMissionary Society; but on account of dissatisfaction\\nwith the industrial feature of that Society he with-\\ndrew from it. Young men came to him to be trained\\nfor mission service and went out under the auspices\\nof other societies. In 1842 he was permitted by cab-\\ninet ordinance to form a mission society. This So-\\nciety had no very definite organization, and exercised\\nno control over the missionaries it supported during\\nthe lifetime of Gossner. Some of his young men went\\nout on their own account, and by accident, or rather\\ndesign of Providence, got among the Khols of In-\\ndia, a degraded, stupid people, whom they undertook\\nto evangelize. The field was a desperately hard one,\\nbut Gossner gave them no aid except a promise to\\npray for them. After five long weary years the\\nfirst baptism took place. Then conversions were\\nrapid. Being under no central authority the mis-\\nsionaries fell out among themselves. Gossner was\\ndisturbed, but all he could do was to say, If you\\ndon t agree I shall stop praying for you. The\\ntrouble continued for years, and after Gossner s\\ndeath a split took place and several of the mission-\\naries, with some thousands of converts, went over\\n138", "height": "3464", "width": "2260", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nto the Anglican Society for the Propagation of the\\nGospel.\\nThe Gossner Society reports over 37,000 adher-\\nents in the India field. It received in 1898 upward\\nof $40,000.\\nLEIPZIG MISSIONARY SOCIETY\\nThis is a Lutheran Missionary Society. It was\\nfounded in 1836, with a missionary seminary at\\nDresden. The aim of the Society is somewhat dif-\\nferent from that of Basle, with which it had for-\\nmerely a connection. As stated from the Leipzig\\nSociety s standpoint, the difference is this the Basle\\nSociety aims at individual conversions, and trains\\nits missionaries accordingly; the Leipzig Society\\nseeks national conversion and insists that its mis-\\nsionaries shall have an intimate knowledge of all\\naspects of civilization religious, scientific, liter-\\nary, political and social.\\nIts mission in India, in Tranquebar, was made\\nover to it by the Danish Mission at Copenhagen.\\nThe work is among the Tamils. The Society also\\nhas an important mission in Rangoon, Burma. It\\nhas in these two countries 36 stations, and upward\\nof 16,000 adherents. Its income is nearly $100,000.\\nHERMANNSBURG MISSIONARY SOCIETY\\nPastor Louis Harms brought about the organiza-\\ntion of this Society, in 1849, m Hermannsburg.\\nFrom the time of his conversion, in 1829, Harms\\nwas interested in the mission cause, and in his\\ni39", "height": "3436", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\npastoral relation in Hermannsburg he created such\\nzeal for it that both money and men were offered\\nfor the field. The money came from peasants and\\nthe candidates were from the farm. Missionary\\ntraining was provided for them in useful trades as\\nwell as in theology. In 1853 eight missionaries\\nwere sent out to Africa with the idea that they\\nwould support themselves in the field, leaving the\\nSociety to bear the expense of sending out. They\\nwent to Natal and established an important though\\ndifficult mission work among the Zulus. It also has\\na mission among the Bechuanas, a small undertak-\\ning in South India among the Telugus, and stations\\nin Australia and New Zealand.\\nSince 1877 the- Society has served as the organ of\\nthe Free Church of Hanover. The secession was\\ndue to a new marriage formula issued by the State\\nChurch. As it recognized civil marriage Pastor\\nHarms would not use it. Hence the separation.\\nSince 1890 cooperative relations have existed be-\\ntween the Free Church and the State Church, and\\nmembers of both support the Society.\\nThe annual income is about $58,000 and there\\nare 35,250 adherents in the mission fields.\\nSCHLESWIG-HOLSTEIN MISSIONARY SOCIETY\\nThis is a Lutheran organization, formed in 1877\\nfor the Lutherans of the province of Schleswig-\\nHolstein. Its headquarters are in Breklum, and it\\nis sometimes, in accordance with German custom,\\n140", "height": "3448", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\ndesignated as the Breklum Society. It has a mis-\\nsion house and training school in that city. The first\\nmissionaries went to the Bastar country, in the cen-\\ntral provinces of India. There are now six stations,\\nincluding the central station in Jeypore.\\nOTHER GERMAN SOCIETIES\\nThere are several other Societies in Germany, in-\\ncluding the Jerusalem Verein, the Berlin Women s\\nVerein, the Neukirchner, the Neuendettelsau, the\\nEvangelical Protestant, and the Evangelical So-\\nciety, with incomes ranging from less than $4,000 to\\n$15,000 and $20,000.\\nDANISH MISSION SOCIETY\\nThe Lutheran Church of Denmark was the first\\nof European Churches to attempt foreign mission\\nwork among the heathen. As early as 1705 Ziegen-\\nbalg and Pliitschau, names famous in missionary\\nannals, were ordained in Copenhagen as mission-\\naries, and went out the next year to do work in\\nTranquebar, India. In 17 14 the Royal College of\\nMissions was established in Copenhagen for the\\ntraining of missionaries. Through this College the\\nState Church maintained missions in India and\\nGreenland. Later on, rationalism came into the\\nChurch and the Tamil mission in India passed over\\nto the English. The successor to this movement\\nwas the Danish Missionary Society, formed in 1821.\\nIt assisted the Greenland mission, but was ham-\\n141", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\npered by the mission college. In 1862 it founded a\\nseminary of its own. Next year a new mission was\\nbegun among the Tamils in India. It also has a\\nmission among the Malays in India. The Society\\nrepresents the State Church.\\nBesides the Danish Missionary Society, there is\\nin Denmark a small independent society known as\\nLoventhal s, representing the Grundtvigt move-\\nment, with a mission in Vellore, India, the Red\\nKaren mission, working among the Karens of\\nBurma, in charge of Schreuder, also of the Grundt-\\nvigt movement, and the Northern Santhal Mission,\\nfounded by two Danish missionaries, Boresen and\\nSkrefsrud, who left the Gossner mission in India,\\nand began an independent mission among the San-\\nthals, with great success. There is a branch of this\\nmission in a Santhal colony in Assam.\\nNORWEGIAN MISSION SOCIETY\\nThere was a great evangelical awakening in Nor-\\nway, in the first quarter of the present century,\\nthrough the labors of Hans Nilssen Hauge. In con-\\nsequence of this missionary societies were formed\\nin various places. These societies formed a union\\nin 1843 an d the Norwegian Mission Society was\\nthe result. It has missions in Zululand and Mada-\\ngascar. More than 16,000 communicants have been\\ngathered in Madagascar.\\nThis Society represents churches and individuals.\\nBishop Schreuder, who started the Zulu mission,\\n142", "height": "3444", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nseparated from the Society in 1873, and the Nor-\\nwegian Church Mission, representing the State\\nChurch, was formed to support him. He carried over\\npart of the Zulu mission.\\nThe receipts of the older Society amount to about\\n350,000 kroners; those of the State Church organ-\\nization to 7,000 or 8,000 kroners.\\nSWEDISH MISSIONS\\nThere are four missionary organizations in Swe-\\nden the Swedish Mission Society, Stockholm, or-\\nganized in 1835, working among the Finns; the\\nEvangelical National Society, Stockholm, organized\\nin 1856, a free movement within the State Church,\\nwith missions among the Gallas, in Africa, and the\\nGhonds in India; the Swedish Church Mission,\\nStockholm, established in 1874, by authority of the\\nKing, for the State Church, with missions among\\nthe Zulus of Africa and the Tamils of India; and\\nthe Swedish Mission Union, Christinehamn, organ-\\nized in 1878, to represent the Waldenstromian\\nmovement. It is an active society with missions in\\nRussia, Congo, Alaska and North Africa. The\\nNorth Africa mission is among the Jews of Al-\\ngiers.\\nThe revenue of the last named Society is about\\n110,000 kroners, of the Church Mission 46,000\\nkroners, of the Evangelical Society 137,000 kroners\\nand of the Swedish Society 22,000 kroners.\\n143", "height": "3432", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nfinland missionary society\\nThis Society was formed in 1857, m connection\\nwith the celebration of the seven hundredth anni-\\nversary of the Christianization of Finland, by\\nBishop Henrik, in 1 157. A few of the Finnish\\nLutherans had been stirred by a zeal for missions,\\nbut some of the pastors had been haled before the\\ncourts for putting up boxes at their doors for mis-\\nsionary contributions. For some years it cooperated\\nwith the Gossner Society; but in 1868 it founded\\na mission of its own in Ovamboland, on the West\\nCoast of South Africa. There are three principal\\nstations.\\nMISSIONARY SOCIETIES IN HOLLAND\\nThere are six missionary societies in the Nether-\\nlands, five representing the Reformed Churches and\\none the Mennonites.\\nThe Netherlands Missionary Society, Rotterdam,\\nwas founded in 1797 through the influence of Dr.\\nVanderkemp, the South African missionary of the\\nLondon Society. It has missions in Java, Amboyna\\nand Celebes, with 20,000 communicants. It for-\\nmerly had missions in India, but they were trans-\\nferred to English societies.\\nThe Utrecht Society, was organized in 1859.\\nhas work in Dutch New Guinea, or Papua, and in\\nthe Moluccas, East Indies.\\nThe Ermelo Society, Ermelo, was founded in\\n144", "height": "3448", "width": "2280", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\n1856, has missions in Talaut Islands, South Seas, in\\nJava and among the Copts in Egypt.\\nThe Dutch Society, Rotterdam, organized in\\n1858, has work in Western Java and among the\\nSundaese. The latter are Mohammedans. Many of\\nthem have been induced to become Christians.\\nThe Dutch Reformed Society, Rotterdam, was\\nfounded in 1859, operates in Central Java, where it\\nhas upward of 50 churches, with 5,000 or more\\ncommunicants.\\nThe Mennonite Society, Amsterdam, has mis-\\nsions in Sumatra and Java.\\nPARIS EVANGELICAL SOCIETY\\nThis Society was organized in 1822 for mission-\\nary work among non-Christian peoples. Jean and\\nFrederick Monod, Baron A. de Stael and Admiral\\nCount Verhnel were among its founders. It is un-\\ndenominational, but represents, of course, the Re-\\nformed faith of France. Its chief mission is among\\nthe Basutos of South Africa. The Society also has\\na mission on the Upper Zambesi River, in the French\\nColony of Senegambia, on the West Coast, on the\\nGaboon and Ogove Rivers, and in Tahiti. Its in-\\ncome is upwards of $75,000.\\nFREE CHURCHES OF SWITZERLAND\\nThe Free Churches of French Switzerland sent\\nmissionaries to South Africa in 1874. The mission\\nis in the Transvaal among the Gwamba tribe. The\\nincome of the Society is about $15,000.\\n(10) 145", "height": "3432", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nCHAPTER IX\\nAmerican Missionary Societies\\nthe american board\\nDoubtless the attention of the Congregationalists\\nof the United States had been drawn to the subject\\nof missions among the heathen long before the\\nAmerican Board was organized. John Eliot had,\\nin the first half of the seventeenth century, preached\\nto the Indians in their native tongue and soon had\\na band of praying Indians. He also trained\\nteachers and preachers for the work. This was the\\nfirst American mission to the heathen. The forma-\\ntion of the London Missionary Society near the\\nclose of the eighteenth century by English Congre-\\ngationalists was of course known to their American\\nbrethren, and helped to crystallize the sentiment\\nwhich had been forming in favor of the cause.\\nIt was the devotion of young college students\\nwhich immediately led to the formation of the old-\\nest of the foreign missionary societies of the United\\nStates, the American Board of Commissioners for\\nForeign Missions, at Bradford, Mass., June 29,\\n1810. The real birthplace of American Missions\\nwas at Williams college, in the shelter of a haystack,\\nwhere students held a missionary prayer-meeting in\\nt8o6. In this meeting Samuel J. Mills, who had\\n146", "height": "3432", "width": "2328", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nbeen consecrated by his mother from his birth\\n(1783) to missionary service, was a leading spirit.\\nTwo years later, 1808, these godly students formed\\nin the college a society to effect, in the person of\\nits members, a mission to the heathen, but the mat-\\nter was kept secret lest they should be thought\\nrashly imprudent and should injure the cause they\\nwished to promote. Mills went to Andover Sem-\\ninary for his theological education, with Gordon\\nHall and Tames Richards, and there with Samuel\\nNewell, Adoniram Judson and Samuel Nott, Jr.,\\ncontinued to think and pray about the missionary\\ncause. This led to a request from four of them\\nMills, Newell, Nott and Judson to the General\\nAssociation of Congregational Churches that it\\nwould attempt a mission to the heathen. Two\\nothers would have joined in this request but for the\\nfear that so many applicants would alarm the As-\\nsociation. The request was granted without delay,\\nand the American Board was organized, with nine\\ncommissioners to manage it five from Massachu-\\nsetts and four from Connecticut. The Legislature\\nof Massachusetts refused for two years to grant a\\ncharter, one of the opponents declaring that the\\nState had no religion to spare for export; but it\\nwas granted June 20, 1812.\\nThe first annual meeting was attended by five\\ncommissioners and an audience of one person. The\\nreceipts for the first year were just 48 cents less than\\n$1,000. Funds came in so slowly that the London\\n*47", "height": "3440", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nMissionary Society was asked for help to send out a\\nmissionary. It declined, in the hope that resources\\nin the United States would be developed. The same\\nyear, 181 1, a bequest of $30,000 was received, and it\\nwas resolved to send Judson, Nott, Newell and\\nHall to establish a mission in Asia. They sailed in\\nFebruary, 181 2, with Luther Rice; part of the com-\\npany from New York, part from Philadelphia.\\nThe British East India Company would not allow\\nany of them to preach to the Hindus, believing that\\nit would injure their commercial interests. Driven\\nfrom Calcutta, Judson and Newell went to the Isle\\nof France, Hall and Nott to Bombay, where after a\\nlong delay they were given permission to enter upon\\nwork and founded the mission among the Mara-\\nthas. Judson and Rice had changed their views on\\nbaptism on the way out, and the former went to\\nBurma and founded the Baptist mission in that\\ncountry.\\nIn 181 1 the Board asked the cooperation of the\\nPresbyterian General Assembly. The response was\\nfavorable, and churches of that order contributed to\\nthe income of the Board and were represented on\\nthe Board of Commissioners. The Associate Re-\\nformed Church, the Reformed Dutch and Reformed\\nGerman Churches also joined the Board. In 181 7\\nthe Presbyterian bodies had formed a foreign mis-\\nsionary society for special work among the Indians.\\nIn 1825 a union was arranged with the American\\nBoard. This continued until the separation of the\\n148", "height": "3448", "width": "2320", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nOld School and New School parties, the New\\nSchool Presbyterians supporting the Board until the\\nreunion in 1870. The Reformed Dutch Church\\nwithdrew amicably in 1857. Since 1870 the Board\\nhas drawn its main support from the Congregational\\nchurches, though Presbyterians are still members of\\nit and Presbyterians contribute to it to some extent.\\nFormerly the American Missionary Association,\\nalso Congregational, had a few foreign missions,\\nbut they were transferred to the Board and it has\\nconfined its action to the home field for many\\nyears.\\nThe Board is composed of 350 corporate mem-\\nbers, at least one third of whom must be laymen\\nand one third ministers. At their annual meeting\\nthese corporate members elect the officers of the\\nBoard and a Prudential Committee of twelve per-\\nsons, besides the President and Vice President.\\nThe Prudential Committee is charged with the ad-\\nministration of the work and meets twice a month\\nin Boston. There are three Corresponding Secre-\\ntaries, an Editorial Secretary, a treasurer and a pub-\\nlishing and purchasing agent. There are also two\\nfield secretaries.\\nIn 1820, at the end of the first decade of its his-\\ntory, the American Board had missions in West\\nIndia, Ceylon, among the Cherokee and Choctaw\\nIndians, in the Sandwich Islands, and in Palestine,\\nand the annual income reached nearly $40,000. In\\nthe next ten years the Syrian mission and a mission\\n149", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nat Canton, China, were started, and the receipts\\nmore than doubled. The missions among the In-\\ndians, in the Sandwich Islands and in Ceylon were\\nattended with encouraging results and the funds of\\nthe Board increased so rapidly that it enlarged its\\nwork, began a mission in Constantinople, another in\\nAthens, Greece, and others in Siam, Singapore,\\nPersia, West Africa, and Southeast Africa. At the\\nend of the third decade the Board had 25 missions,\\n134 ordained missionaries, with physicians, teach-\\ners, etc., and 186 female missionaries; making a\\ntotal force of 365.\\nAt the end of the first fifty years the Board had a\\nlarge and very successful missionary work under\\nits control. The Sandwich Islands had been vir-\\ntually Christianized, the missions in India had been\\nstrengthened, those in China had been increased,\\nand the beginnings in Africa, Turkey and other\\ncountries had been enlarged. The work among the\\nNorth American Indians had been gradually re-\\nlinquished to the care of home societies. The re-\\nceipts of the Board in its fiftieth year were a little\\nless than $430,000.\\nThe sixth decade was made notable by the\\nresignation of Dr. Anderson, who had served as\\nSecretary of the Board for thirty-four years and had\\nconducted its affairs with signal ability and faith-\\nfulness, by the beginning of a mission in Japan,\\nand by the withdrawal of the Presbyterian Church\\nfrom the support of the Board. In 1871 the Sand-\\n150", "height": "3448", "width": "2328", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nwich Islands ceased to appear on the list of foreign\\nmissions, the work of Christianization having been\\naccomplished, and the Board resolved to undertake\\nwork in papal lands. In 1879 the Board, by the\\nwill of Asa Otis, received an extraordinary legacy\\nof $1,000,000, which was set apart for new mis-\\nsions, enlargement of existing missions, and edu-\\ncational purposes. The income of the Board in\\n1898 was $687,200, including the contributions of\\nits missions, amounting to $116,753. In that year\\nit had 10 1 principal stations, 1,271 out-stations, 539\\nmissionaries, 2,975 native laborers, 465 churches\\nand 47,023 communicants.\\nThe missions of the Board, twenty in number,\\nare in Asia, Africa, Europe, Mexico and the Pacific\\nislands. Its extensive missions among the Amer-\\nican Indians were transferred some years ago to\\nhome organizations. The Arcot mission in India\\nand the Amoy mission in China were transferred\\nto the Reformed Dutch Church when the latter or-\\nganized its own foreign board. The Persian, Syr-\\nian and Gaboon missions went to the Presbyterian\\nBoard, as its share of the work, on the reunion in\\n1870.\\nThe oldest of the missions are the Marathi and\\nthe Ceylon. Of the missionaries first sent out Mr.\\nand Mrs. Judson went to Burma as Baptists, Luther\\nRice returned to America to raise support for them.\\nThere remained, of the original company, Messrs.\\nNott, Hall and Newell. Driven from Calcutta,\\n151", "height": "3440", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nMessrs. Nott and Hall went to Bombay. They were\\nallowed to stay, and laid the foundations of the\\nMarathi mission. Mr. Newell went to Mauritius,\\nlosing his wife and child on the way. He sailed\\nthence in a Portuguese ship and touched at Ceylon.\\nFinding Ceylon open, and believing the brethren at\\nBombay would have to leave there, he began mis-\\nsionary work among the Ceylonese. The Marathi\\nmission, begun under discouraging circumstances,\\nhas grown steadily in prosperity and influence among\\na population of 3,000,000. The Ceylon mission\\nincludes a number of self-supporting churches and\\nhas a native foreign missionary society. The third\\nmission in India is the Madura, begun in 1834,\\namong about 2,000,000 Tamils. The natives\\ntreated the missionaries contemptuously at first, as\\noutcasts of the white race, later with active enmity.\\nBut Christianity has made its way and has slowly\\nundermined the heathen system.\\nThe beginning of the mission in the Sandwich\\nIslands was clearly providential. October 23, 18 19,\\nseventeen persons, two of them ordained, sailed\\nfrom Boston in the brig Thaddeus for the islands.\\nThe number embraced three native Hawaiians who\\nhad been driven from the islands by civil war and\\nhad been educated in the missionary school estab-\\nlished by the Board in New Haven, Conn. It was a\\nvery serious undertaking at that time; not simply\\nbecause the passage was so long and tedious but be-\\ncause the Hawaiians were understood to be fierce\\n152", "height": "3448", "width": "2260", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nand warlike heathen. When the expedition reached\\nthe group, however, it was found that the people\\nhad abolished idolatry and were ready for Chris-\\ntianity. The king, with twelve chiefs and 200 pu-\\npils, went to school to the missionaries, and so\\nanxious were the people to learn that eleven years\\nafter the first expedition sailed from Boston there\\nwere 900 schools in the islands, with 44,000 learn-\\ners. Christianity speedily uprooted and replaced\\nheathenism, and converts went out from Hawaii to\\nChristianize the Marquesas Islands, under the aus-\\npices of the Hawaiian Missionary Society, which\\nwas organized in 1850. The Micronesian missions,\\nin the Gilbert, Marshall and Caroline Islands, begun\\nin 1 85 1, have been very successful.\\nThe Board s missions among populations belong-\\ning to the Oriental Christian Churches were begun\\nby Pliny Fisk and Levi Parsons in 1821. The out-\\ncome is an extensive work among the Armenians of\\nTurkey, divided into the Western, Central and\\nEastern Turkey missions. In connection with these\\nmissions the Greek and Hebrew populations are also\\nreached to some extent. The Moslems are only\\naffected indirectly, as work among them is not tol-\\nerated. The Armenians have been extensively\\nevangelized, and many churches with native pas-\\ntors are to be found in European and Asiatic Tur-\\nkey. The terrible massacre of Armenians by the\\nTurks a few years ago will long be remembered\\nfor its fiendishness, for the number of the victims,\\n153", "height": "3448", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nand for the sublime courage with which men and\\nwomen met death; preferring the sword to apos-\\ntasy to the Moslem faith. The world has hardly\\nceased to ring with the cries of horror and indig-\\nnation with which civilized nations received the\\nreports of the awful acts of the bloody Turk. The\\nmission in Bulgaria, south of the Balkans, has\\nachieved important results for this vigorous race.\\nMany of its young men have been educated at\\nRobert College, in Constantinople, which has been\\na center of strong religious influence.\\nThe Board s oldest mission in China, the Amoy,\\nwent to the Board of the Reformed Dutch Church.\\nThe next oldest mission, the Foochow, begun in\\n1847, is not so strong as the North China. Both are\\nflourishing missions. There is also a considerable\\nwork in the province of Shansi and a mission in\\nHongkong.\\nThe African missions operated by the Board are\\namong the Zulus in Natal, and the Transvaal, in\\nEast Central Africa, and in West Central Africa.\\nThe latter, with its chief stations at Bailundu and\\nChisamba in Benguela, was established in 1880.\\nThe missionaries were expelled in 1883, but returned\\nin 1885 and resumed their work. The three Af-\\nrican missions have sixteen stations, 57 American\\nlaborers.\\nThe Board has a strong mission in Japan, begun\\nin 1869. There are 72 churches, and over ten thou-\\nsand communicants. The Doshisha, or Training\\n154", "height": "3448", "width": "2272", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nSchool at Kioto, under native control was carried\\nastray and the Board ceased to be responsible for\\nit; but in 1899 it was returned to the Board and is\\nagain a definitely Christian school.\\nMissions in papal lands were begun in 1872.\\nThey are in Mexico, Spain and Austria, all estab-\\nlished in the same year. There are 17 churches in\\nMexico, 16 in Austria, and 8 in Spain. In Austria\\nthe work is among the Bohemians and is prosper-\\nous.\\nThe Board has in all 101 stations, 1,271 out-sta-\\ntions, 465 churches, 47,023 communicants, with\\n1,270 schools and 56,641 under instruction. The\\nnumber of American laborers is 539, and of native\\nlaborers 2,975, whom 477 are preachers.\\nAMERICAN BAPTIST MISSIONARY UNION\\nThe immediate occasion of the organization of\\nthis Society, May 18, 18 14, four years after the\\nAmerican Board had come into existence, was the\\nnews sent back to American Baptists that Adoniram\\nJudson and Luther Rice, missionaries to India of\\nthe American Board, had changed their views on the\\nway out as to the proper subjects and method of\\nbaptism, and become Baptists. In expectation of\\nmeeting missionaries of the English Baptist Society\\nat Calcutta they had studied the New Testament to\\nprepare to defend the Congregational teaching, but\\nhad become convinced that the Baptists were right\\nand they themselves wrong, and instead of engaging\\ni55", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nin controversy with the Baptist missionaries they\\nsought baptism at their hands. Letters announcing\\ntheir change of belief were sent to America, and\\nBaptists were asked to support them. Luther Rice\\nreturned to the United States to promote this ob-\\nject, and found on his arrival that an organization\\nwith this end in view had already been formed.\\nThe Baptists had previously had their attention\\ndrawn to the missionary cause, and had been con-\\ntributing to the English Baptist Missionary So-\\nciety which had sent Carey to India in 1793. The\\nRev. William Stoughton, who had been present at\\nthe organization of the English Society at Ketter-\\ning, had emigrated to America the next year and\\ncommunicated some of his missionary enthusiasm\\nto American Baptists. English missionaries, who\\ntouched at New York or Boston on their way to\\nIndia, also awakened zeal for this cause. Besides,\\nletters came frequently from Carey and his colabor-\\ners in India, and were published in a magazine es-\\ntablished by a Baptist home missionary society in\\nMassachusetts. The result was the formation of\\nsocieties in Boston, New York, Philadelphia and\\nother cities for the prosecution of the mission begun\\nunder such peculiar circumstances. These societies\\nwere united in the General Convention of the\\nBaptists of the United States for Foreign Mis-\\nsions, organized at a meeting in Philadelphia, May\\n18. 1 8 14. The first Corresponding Secretary of the\\nSociety was the Rev. William Stoughton, who had\\n156", "height": "3448", "width": "2296", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nheard Carey s famous sermon, Expect great things\\nfrom God, attempt great things for God. He served\\nuntil 1826, when the headquarters of the Society\\nwere removed from Philadelphia to Boston.\\nWhen the American Baptists entered upon for-\\neign mission work they numbered about 70,000\\nonly. They were widely scattered along the Atlan-\\ntic coast, with no general bond of union. The cen-\\nters were in Massachusetts and Rhode Island, in\\nPhiladelphia and Virginia. The missionary Con-\\nvention, which was held triennially, drew Baptists\\ntogether from all parts of the country and led to the\\nfounding of other important denominational enter-\\nprises. In 181 7 it authorized the use of a portion\\nof the funds for home missions, and later on the\\nPublication Society was organized. The slavery\\nquestion, which divided so many denominations,\\nbrought about a separation of the Northern and\\nSouthern Baptists in 1846, when the triennial Con-\\nvention was discontinued and the American Baptist\\nMissionary Union was formed to represent North-\\nern and the Southern Board to represent Southern\\nBaptists in foreign work. The separation did not\\nlong or severely affect the receipts of the Union.\\nIn 1851 they reached Si 18,726, the highest point\\nduring its history. The average had been about\\n$75,000. Since the Civil War they have risen stead-\\nily. In 1864 the amount received was $135,012;\\nin 1874 $261,581 and in the centenary year, 1893,\\nthe income was $766,783. With the contributions\\ni57", "height": "3448", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nin the mission fields the average yearly income is\\nmore than $700,000.\\nThe annual meeting of the Union is held in May\\nin connection with the anniversaries of other de-\\nnominational societies. It consists of missionaries,\\nlife and honorary members, and delegates from\\nchurches and associations. It elects the board of\\nmanagers of the Union, consisting of seventy-five\\nmembers, of whom not more than two-fifths shall\\nbe ministers. This board elects an Executive Com-\\nmittee of fifteen, as nearly equally divided as pos-\\nsible between the lay and clerical elements. The\\nExecutive Committee is charged with the direct\\nadministration of the affairs of the Union. It meets\\ntwice a month, the members giving their services.\\nThere are two corresponding secretaries, one in\\ncharge of the missions abroad, the other of the work\\nat home, including the direction of the district sec-\\nretaries, correspondence with applicants for ap-\\npointment as missionaries, etc.\\nThe fields of the Union are in Asia, Africa and\\nEurope. When Judson was driven out of India the\\nonly vessel on which he could secure passage for\\nhimself and wife was bound to Rangoon. There\\nwas begun the first Baptist mission among the Bur-\\nmese. It was gradually extended to the Sgau\\nKaren, Pwo Karen, Shan, Kachin and Chin races.\\nJudson soon learned the language well enough to\\nread and talk in it, and began almost immediately\\nthe preparation of a Burmese grammar and diction-\\n158", "height": "3464", "width": "2272", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nary and the translation of portions of the Bible. In\\n1819 he began to preach to the people in their own\\ntongue, and the next year baptized the first Burman\\nconvert to Christianity. The work in Rangoon was\\ngreatly disturbed by opposition of Buddhist rulers,\\nand suspended during several considerable periods,\\nuntil that part of Burma became, in 1852, British\\nterritory. During the enforced absence of the\\nAmerican missionaries the Burman church was\\nmaintained by a native pastor and only one of the\\nmembers fell away. Work among the Karens, who\\nare the peasant population, was begun by George\\nDana Boardman and his wife in 1828. Although\\nit was attended by much persecution it steadily\\ndeveloped until there were nearly 500 Karen\\nchurches in all Burma. Ko-thah-byu, a slave con-\\nverted under the labors of Judson and baptized by\\nBoardman, was the first Karen convert and the first\\nKaren preacher. He was so zealous and successful\\nas an evangelist that he has been called the Karen\\nApostle.\\nAssam, which is northwest of Burma, was en-\\ntered in 1836, by Burman missionaries. The work\\nwas at first, among the Assamese, Shans and Kham-\\ntis, and grammars, dictionaries, etc., were prepared,\\nand the Scriptures translated into these tongues.\\nSubsequently many of the hill tribes were reached\\nand now the most flourishing of the three missions\\nis that among the Garos.\\nArakan, which lies on the Bay of Bengal, be-\\n159", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ncame a mission field of the Union in 1835. The\\nnatives are of Burman stock. In the Northern\\npart the climate was singularly fatal to mission-\\naries and finally the field was abandoned. So was\\nthe Southern mission for a different reason. After\\n35 years it was occupied again in 1888.\\nThe Siam mission was established in 1833 by\\nJohn Taylor Jones, who went to Bangkok, the cap-\\nital, from Maulmain, Burma. Two years later a\\nmission to the Chinese in Bangkok was undertaken\\nby William Dean. The work among the Siamese\\nhas not been very successful, but that among the\\nChinese was regarded as an important door into\\nChina.\\nIn addition to Chinese work in Bangkok mission\\nstations were opened at Hongkong, at Macao and\\nat Swatow in 1861. Besides the South China and\\nCentral China missions, the Union has missions in\\nEast China, with headquarters at Ningpo, and in\\nWest China, at Suchau.\\nIn Southern India, a mission among the Telugus,\\non the Bay of Bengal, was begun at Nellore in 1836.\\nThis was a hard and stubborn field, and there were\\ntwenty years of dreary waiting for the first native\\nconvert. After thirty years of patient endeavor\\nthere were not above twenty-four Telugu converts.\\nSeveral times the Union had discussed the question\\nof abandoning a field which offered no inducements\\nfor the continued outlay of money; but Dr. Jewett\\nresolutely refused to abandon the field. In 1865\\n160", "height": "3448", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nthe Union sent the Rev. J. E. Clough to reinforce\\nthe lone star mission, as it was called; for while\\nthe stars indicating Baptist missions had multiplied\\nin Burma, across the bay to the westward the Telugu\\ncountry had only one star for a generation.\\nClough began work in Ongole, north of Nellore.\\nAlmost immediately prosperity began at both sta-\\ntions, chiefly at the new one. After nine years there\\nwere 336 members at Nellore, 2,761 at Ongole, 675\\nat Ramapatam, and 60 at Allur. Then came severe\\nfamine; after the famine, flood, cholera, and then a\\nseverer famine. Many of the converts died but the\\nmissionaries labored to save the people; administer-\\ning the relief which came from the government and\\nfrom charity so wisely as to win the gratitude of the\\nsurviving heathen. After the famine they pressed\\nby hundreds and thousands for admission to the\\nChurch, and after careful examination 8,691 were\\nbaptized within a period of six weeks in 1878; 2,222\\nin one day. The work continued and the lone\\nstar mission became the most prosperous mission of\\nthe Union, with at least 100,000 adherents. The\\nSudras, laboring caste, merchants, and the military\\ncaste, also many Brahmins, surrendered caste and\\nbecame active Christians. A large proportion of the\\nchurches are self-supporting.\\nThe Japanese mission was undertaken in 1872,\\nwhere there is a large force of American mission-\\naries and a theological seminary for the training of\\nnative pastors.\\n(11) 161", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nThe first work by Baptist missionaries in Africa\\nwas among the American colonists on the Liberian\\ncoast. A mission to the native Bassas was begun\\nbut was abandoned, in 1856, on account of fatalities\\namong the missionaries. Desiring to have a mission\\namong the heathen the Union gladly received the\\nwork of the Livingstone Inland Mission, offered, in\\n3883, by Mr. and Mrs. H. Grattan Guinness, its\\nfounders. The Guinnesses, who were English peo-\\nple, began the mission in the Congo Free State and\\nestablished six stations, with twenty-five mission-\\naries. The Union took the missions under its charge\\nin 1884, an d nas since extended them to the Upper\\nCongo, where a steamer plies between the stations.\\nThe European missions of the Union are in both\\nProtestant and Catholic countries. The French\\nwork was begun in 1832. For many years native\\npastors were persecuted, and up to 1876 missionary\\nwork in the provinces was punished by fines and\\nconfiscations. The mission is affiliated with the\\nMcAll movement. The mission in Germany was\\nbegun in 1834, when Dr. Barnas Sears baptized\\nseven persons in the River Elbe. One of these con-\\nverts, Johann Gerhard Oncken, became the first pas-\\ntor of the first Baptist church, and visited many\\ncities as a missionary. The work spread rapidly\\nand although it was attended with persecution it\\nwas prosperous. It was extended to Denmark, Hun-\\ngary, Austria, Switzerland, and other countries, all\\nby German missionaries. The entire work in Prot-\\n162", "height": "3472", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nestant Europe has been prosecuted by natives, no\\nmissionaries having been sent out by the Union\\nfrom this country. There are Baptist churches in\\nSt. Petersburg, in Southern Russia, also in Bul-\\ngaria, Roumania, Bosnia and the Caucasus.\\nNorwegians and Swedes who were sailors on the\\nship that carried Baptist missionaries to Burma,\\nand who had been converted by their labors, began\\nmissionary work in Sweden in 1817. Swedes con-\\nverted in New York City went back to their country\\nin 1834-5, and in 1848 the first Swedish Baptist\\nchurch was organized at Gothenburg. The work\\nspread gradually until a score of Baptist associations\\nwere created. Most of the churches are self-sup-\\nporting.\\nThe mission in Spain, begun in Madrid in 1868\\nand adopted by the Union in 1870, has prospered,\\ndespite much persecution, and there are churches in\\nmany provinces.\\nThe only work carried on in America by the\\nUnion was among the Indians, begun in 18 17.\\nIn 1865 the last of these was transferred to the\\nAmerican Baptist Home Missionary Society.\\nMISSIONARY SOCIETY OF THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL\\nCHURCH\\nTo the early Methodists the United States was\\nitself missionary ground, and Boardman, Pilmoor,\\nAsbury and others sent over from England were\\nmissionaries. Dr. Thomas Coke, as early as 1786,\\n163", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nafter his visit to this country in connection with the\\norganization of the Methodist Episcopal Church,\\nestablished missions in the West Indies. In 1814\\nhe sailed from England with a company of mission-\\naries for India, but was not permitted to see that\\ncountry, as he died on the way and was buried at\\nsea.\\nThe early Methodist preachers in this country,\\nabsorbed as they were in the growing work here,\\nwere not drawn toward foreign fields as early as\\ntheir British brethren and their brethren of other\\ndenominations in the United .States. There were\\nsome who favored the organization of a missionary\\nsociety, but only for work in this country. It was\\na revival among the Wyandot Indians under the\\npreaching of John Stewart, a colored man just re-\\ncovered from a sinful life and intemperate habits,\\nwhich led to the formation of the Missionary So-\\nciety in New York City April 5, 1819. There\\nwas some doubt whether such a society was neces-\\nsary, and there was opposition to it on various\\ngrounds for some years. One objection was that it\\nwas organized as a Bible Society as well as a Mis-\\nsionary Society, and the friends of the American\\nBible Society thought that Methodists should have\\ntheir Bible work done through that organization.\\nThis view prevailed after a time, and the Society\\nbecame strictly a missionary organization. The\\nGeneral Conference of 1820 heartily approved of\\nthe new society and said that the missionary spirit\\n164", "height": "3448", "width": "2304", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nwas the life blood of Methodism; and that, while the\\ntime might not yet have come to send missionaries\\nbeyond the seas, there were large fields in this coun-\\ntry, particularly among the Indians, which should be\\nentered.\\nThe receipts of the first year were $823.04, and\\nthose of the second year $2,329. At the end of the\\nfirst decade they exceeded $14,000. They increased\\nrapidly and in 1838 were over $96,000. In 1839\\nthey were $132,480, and in 1844, $146,579. The\\nseparation of the Southern Conferences in that year\\nreduced the income, but in 1852 the loss had been\\nmore than regained, the receipts being $151,982.\\nThe next year the income leaped to $338,068, but fell\\noff to less than $300,000 for the next nine years.\\nThey passed the half million line in 1864, and the\\nmillion line in 1886. The receipts for 1899 were\\n$1,376,399, the largest in the history of the Society.\\nThe missionary interests of the Church are com-\\nmitted by the General Conference to two bodies.\\nFirst, the General Missionary Committee, consisting\\nof the Bishops, the Secretaries and Treasurers of\\nthe Society, fourteen representatives of General\\nConference districts, and fourteen representatives,\\nhalf clerical and half lay, of the Board of Managers.\\nThis General Committee has the power to establish\\nor discontinue missions and to make annual appro-\\npriations. Second, the Board of Managers, consist-\\ning of the Bishops, thirty-two laymen and thirty-\\ntwo ministers, who are appointed by the General\\n165", "height": "3444", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nConference. This Board is charged with the duties\\nof administration. There are three Corresponding\\nSecretaries, a Recording Secretary, a Treasurer and\\nan Assistant Treasurer.\\nThe first missionary of the Society was sent to\\nthe French in New Orleans. Stewart s work among\\nthe Indians was strengthened. Missions to- the\\nEnglish speaking population were begun, particular\\nattention being given to the colored people; and\\nfrom time to time various classes of immigrants\\nfrom foreign countries have been taken within the\\nscope of the Society s labors.\\nThe foreign work of the Society was begun in\\n1832, when Melville B. Cox was sent to Africa to\\nlabor among the persons colonized in Liberia by the\\nAmerican Colonization Society. He sailed from\\nNorfolk, Va., November 6, 1832, and arrived at\\nMonrovia March 7, 1833. He did not expect to\\nlive long in Africa, saying before he sailed, If God\\nplease that my bones shall lie in an African grave,\\nI shall have established such a bond between Africa\\nand the Church at home as shall not be broken till\\nAfrica be redeemed. His apprehensions proved to\\nbe well founded. He caught the fever, and in four\\nand a half months was laid in an African grave. His\\nepitaph, given before he left the United States, was,\\nLet a thousand fall before Africa be given up!\\nThese words have prevented the interest of the\\nChurch in the Dark Continent from dying out, al-\\nthough the outlook has at times been dark.\\n166", "height": "3468", "width": "2276", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nTwo Missionary Bishops, Burns and Roberts, both\\ncolored men, were successively chosen for the Afri-\\ncan Mission. After the death of Roberts no other\\nBishop was chosen for that field until 1884, when\\nWilliam Taylor was elected and consecrated Mis-\\nsionary Bishop of Africa. For twelve years he\\nperformed much zealous labor in establishing a num-\\nber of missions on the border of Liberia and on the\\nCongo in Angola, on the self-supporting plan. He\\nwas retired in 1896 and Joseph C. Hartzell was\\nelected as his successor. Bishop Hartzell has or-\\nganized and strengthened the whole work and added\\nnew stations. There are now two Annual Confer-\\nences the Liberia Conference and the Congo Mis-\\nsion Conference. The latter includes not only the\\nriver territory and a considerable work in Angola,\\nbut also a district in Southeastern Africa, with\\nheadquarters at Inhambane on the coast, and a\\ndistrict in Mashonaland north of Matabeleland and\\nwest of the Portuguese territory, through which the\\nZambesi river runs. Much attention is given to\\nindustrial work as well as to evangelistic and school\\nw T ork, and great hopes are entertained of future suc-\\ncess in all parts of the mission.\\nThe second foreign mission was established in\\nSouth America in 1835 by Fountain E. Pitts. It\\nwas begun in the city of Buenos Ayres, where work\\nhas been done in both English and Spanish and from\\nwhich center openings in other countries have been\\nmade from time to time, until Uruguay and Para-\\n167", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nguay have been opened and a little work has also\\nbeen done in South Brazil. Among the early laborers\\nwere Rev. Justin Spaulding and Rev. John Demp-\\nster. Rev. Daniel P. Kidder was also among the\\neffective laborers in Brazil. The work in Brazil\\nwas given up in 1841, and nothing further was done\\nin that country until Rev. Justus H. Nelson and\\nwife went to Para, in 1880, with Rev. William Tay-\\nlor, since which time the work has been continued.\\nDr. Dallas D. Lore was among the early mission-\\naries in Buenos Ayres. Rev. Goldsmith D. Carrow\\nsucceeded Dr. Lore, and was followed in 1856 by\\nRev. William Goodfellow, who was the efficient\\nsuperintendent for thirteen years. During the week\\nof prayer in i860 John F. Thomson was converted\\nat Buenos Ayres and has since been one of the most\\nfaithful missionaries in the work. Rev. Henry G.\\nJackson, D.D., served for ten years, from 1868 to\\n1878. Rev. Thomas B. Wood was in charge for\\na time, and was succeeded in 1886 by Rev. Charles\\nW. Drees, formerly of the Mexico Mission, who has\\nbeen at his post until this year (1900), when he was\\nappointed to open work in Puerto Rico.\\nMr. Wood began work in Rosario in 1870, and\\nMr. Thomson in Montevideo in 1868, since which\\ntime the work in Uruguay has gone on success-\\nfully.\\nIn 1887 William Taylor sailed from New York\\nfor the West Coast of South America, visited many\\nplaces in Peru and Chili, and established work at\\n168", "height": "3448", "width": "2312", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\na number of stations, his purpose being to make the\\nwork self-supporting and to secure money for\\ncarrying on evangelistic work from the proceeds\\nof schools. A Transit and Building Fund was or-\\nganized to aid him in carrying on his work, of\\nwhich Mr. Anderson Fowler and Mr. Richard\\nGrant were leading supporters. In 1893 that So-\\nciety offered to convey to the Missionary Society\\nall their missions and property in Chili on con-\\ndition that the Society would conduct the Work\\nin that country on the self-supporting plan. The\\nGeneral Committee accepted the offer and recom-\\nmended the Board of Managers to receive and ad-\\nminister the missions, which was done in 1894,\\nbut the action was subsequently to some extent\\nreconsidered and, after some changes, in 1897 an\\nagreement was reached by which the Missionary\\nSociety was to retain the missions and the property\\nand conduct them on the self-supporting plan, from\\nwhich it would not depart except in case of extreme\\nnecessity.\\nThe work in Peru, which has been under the\\ncharge of Dr. Thomas B. Wood since 1891, has\\nmet with much trouble, but has a successful foot-\\ning in that land.\\nThe Woman s Foreign Missionary Society has\\nhad excellent workers both on the East and West\\nCoast, Miss Jennie M. Chapin and Miss L. B. Den-\\nning being sent to Rosario in 1874, and other ex-\\ncellent ladies following at various times since.\\n169", "height": "3448", "width": "2224", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nThe work on the East Coast constitutes the\\nSouth America Conference, while that in Peru\\nand Chili is organized into the Western South\\nAmerica Mission Conference.\\nChina was designated as a mission field by the\\nGeneral Missionary Committee in May, 1846.\\nThe first missionaries sent out were Judson Dwight\\nCollins and Moses C. White, who sailed from\\nBoston April 15, 1847, and reached Foochow Sep-\\ntember 6. They were followed by Rev, Henry\\nHickok and Rev. Robert S. Maclay, who arrived\\nApril 15, 1848. In 1851 Rev. I. W. Wiley, after-\\nward Bishop, with his wife, the Rev. James Colder\\nand wife and Miss M. Seely were added to the\\nmission. Dr. Erastus Wentworth and Rev. Otis\\nGibson and their wives arrived in 1855, and Dr. S.\\nL. Baldwin and wife, with the Misses Beulah and\\nSarah H. Woolston and Miss Phebe E. Potter, in\\n1859, since which time numbers of missionaries\\nhave been added, a few have died, and some have\\nfrom time to time retired from the work. Much\\nattention has been given to the evangelistic work,\\nand no mission in China has been more successful\\nin winning converts and organizing them into\\nchurches than the mission at Foochow. The first\\nconverts were received in 1857. In 1862 the num-\\nber of members was 87.\\nThe mission sent out in 1867 the first mission-\\naries to Central China, Rev. V. C. Hart and Rev.\\nE. S. Todd, who began work at Kiukiang, which\\n170", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nwork has now grown into the large and successful\\nCentral China Mission. In 1869 it also sent Rev.\\nL. N. Wheeler and Rev. H. H. Lowry to Peking,\\nwho laid the foundations of the work of the North\\nChina Mission.\\nThe Foochow Conference was organized by\\nBishop Wiley December 6, 1867, by which time the\\nnumber of members and probationers had reached\\n2,011. The native preachers who were appointed\\npresiding elders on the organization of this Confer-\\nence, namely, Hu Po Mi, Hu Yong Mi, Sia Sek\\nOng, Yek Ing Kwang, and Li Yu Mi, had been\\nraised up in the mission; all having been converted\\nas adults except Yek Ing Kwang, who was con-\\nverted while a student in the boys boarding school.\\nThe mission has continued to grow and prosper up\\nto this date.\\nIn 1896 the work in the Hing Hua prefecture\\nand surrounding regions had grown to such an ex-\\ntent that a Mission Conference was organized and\\nis making very rapid progress towards self-support.\\nThe North China Mission was organized as a Con-\\nference in 1894.\\nThe West China Mission in Sz-Chuen province\\nwas ordered by the General Missionary Committee\\nin November, 1880, and Dr. L. N. Wheeler, for-\\nmerly of the Foochow and North China Missions,\\nwith his family, and Rev. Spencer Lewis and wife,\\nsailed from San Francisco September 6, 1881,\\nand arrived at Chung King December 3 The mis-\\n171", "height": "3432", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nsion, although broken up by riot in 1885 and suffer-\\ning much tribulation at various times since that\\ndate, has been successful and is now well estab-\\nlished.\\nThe Woman s Foreign Missionary Society has\\ndone most valuable work in China, and its pioneers,\\nthe Misses Woolston, Dr. Sigourney Trask, Miss\\nClara Cushman, Miss Gertrude Howe, Miss Lucy H.\\nHoag, M.D., and their successors, are held in grate-\\nful remembrance. The following table, compiled\\nfrom the latest reports at hand, will show the present\\nstatistics of the missions in China in some important\\nparticulars\\nMembers.\\nProbationers.\\nTotal.\\nBenevolent\\nContribut ns.\\nSelf-\\nsupport.\\nFoochow\\n4.349\\n2,338\\ni,53i\\n3,738\\n219\\n4,301\\n2,949\\n2,478\\n2,904\\n118\\n8,650\\n5,287\\n4,009\\n6,642\\n337\\n$777\\n1,885\\n141\\n529\\n11\\n$3,488\\n4,156\\n5,453\\n3.563\\n172\\nCentral China\\nNorth China\\nWest China\\nTotal\\n12,175\\n12,750\\n24,925 fHU.^6\\n$17,832\\nThe mission to Japan was inaugurated in 1872;\\nDr. R. S. Maclay, who had been superintendent of\\nthe Foochow Mission for a quarter of a century,\\nbeing appointed to open the work there. He ar-\\nrived with his family in Yokohama June 11, 1873.\\nRev. J. C. Davison, Rev. Julius Soper and Rev.\\nM. C. Harris were appointed at the outset. The\\n172", "height": "3432", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nRev. I. H. Correll, who was originally appointed\\nto Foochow but detained at Yokohama on account\\nof the serious illness of his wife during the voyage,\\nwas also transferred to the Japan mission. The\\nformal organization of the mission took place\\nAugust 8, 1873, in Yokohama, under the presidency\\nof Bishop Harris. It was decided to occupy at\\nonce stations in different portions of the empire,\\nHakodate being chosen for the North, Yokohama\\nand Tokyo for the Center, and Nagasaki for the\\nSouth. Other missionaries have been added, the\\nevangelistic and educational work has been carried\\non with much energy, and although the work has\\nbeen subject to many vicissitudes it has made\\nnoticeable progress. The Japan Conference was\\norganized by Bishop Wiley at Yokohama August\\n15, 1884, the number of members at that time being\\n907 and probationers 241. In 1898 the South\\nJapan Conference was organized, at which time\\nthere were in the whole empire over 5,000 communi-\\ncants connected with the Church. The Woman s\\nForeign Missionary Society has nobly sustained\\nits work in the empire since its first missionary,\\nMiss Dora E. Schoonmaker, was sent out, in 1874.\\nThe names of such ladies as Miss Elizabeth Russell,\\nMiss M. A. Spencer, Miss Minnie S. Hampton,\\nand many others, are well known in the Christian\\nworld, and are a sufficient guarantee for faithful\\nand successful work.\\nKorea, so long known as the hermit nation,\\n173", "height": "3444", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nhad been open to foreign commerce and settlement\\nbut a short time when this Society entered upon\\nwork in that land. Dr. R. S. Maclay had pioneered\\nthe work by visiting the country and making a\\nreport on it to the Board at home. Dr. W. B.\\nScranton and Rev. H. G. Appenzeller were ap-\\npointed to open the mission and the work was begun,\\nin 1885, at Seoul, the capital. In after years sta-\\ntions were opened at Chemulpo, Pyeng Yang and\\nWonsan, and the work has been increasing in in-\\nterest and importance. Mrs. M. F. Scranton, the\\nmother of Dr. W. B. Scranton, was the pioneer of\\nthe Woman s Foreign Missionary Society, and has\\nbeen aided by a noble band of sisters who have since\\ngone to the field. More than two thousand com-\\nmunicants are now connected with the mission and\\nthe opportunities for successful work seem to be\\namong the best in the whole foreign field.\\nThe work in India was begun in 1856 by the\\nRev. William Butler. After looking over the\\nground he chose the valley of the Ganges, in North-\\nwest India, as the field of operations. Assisted\\nby Joel T. Janvier, a native interpreter given him\\nby the American Presbyterian Mission at Allaha-\\nbad, he began work in Bareilly. The next year the\\ngreat Sepoy rebellion began. Dr. Butler and family,\\nby a timely removal to Naini Tal, fortunately es-\\ncaped the mutineers, who were putting all foreign-\\ners to death. The journey to that place in the\\nHimalayas was attended with great suffering from\\n174", "height": "3464", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nhunger, exposure and the hardships of travel, and\\nwas not without danger from wild beasts and as-\\nsassins. Bareilly was re-occupied in 1859. Mean-\\ntime much had been done at Naini Tal and other\\nconvenient points. From these beginnings amid the\\ntrials and tribulations of a great uprising and\\nmassacre wonderful developments have followed.\\nThe work has spread all over India, across the\\nborder on the east into Burma, and on the south-\\neast into Malaysia. In that territory there are\\nnow five Annual Conferences and one Mission\\nConference, and the total number of communicants\\nis about 80,000. From the Malaysia Conference\\nequipment for a mission in the Philippines has been\\nobtained, under the superintendence of Bishop\\nThoburn.\\nAmong the early associates of Dr. Butler were\\nRev. Messrs. J. L. Humphrey, E. W. Parker, C.\\nW. Judd, J. R. Downey and J. M. Thoburn. The\\nwork has been strongly reinforced in later years\\nas occasion has demanded.\\nThe work of William Taylor in South India in\\n1870 and following years led to the organization of\\nEnglish-speaking congregations in that part of the\\ncountry and also to work among the natives. It\\nwas at first independent of the Missionary Society,\\nbut was connected with the India Conference, in\\n1874, under the name of the Bombay and Bengal\\nMission, of which William Taylor was made super-\\nintendent. Bishop Harris, arriving in Calcutta in\\ni7S", "height": "3448", "width": "2272", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nDecember, 1873, transferred Rev. J. M. Thoburn\\nfrom North India to Calcutta, to take the place of\\nWilliam Taylor, who wished to be relieved for\\nfurther evangelistic work. Since that date the work\\nhas continued to grow in all directions. Dr. Tho-\\nburn was elected Missionary Bishop of India and\\nMalaysia by the General Conference of 1884.\\nWhile there has been considerable progress in\\nother portions of the work, the greatest successes of\\nthe mission have been attained in the old North\\nIndia region, which is now divided into the North\\nIndia and Northwest India Conferences, and where\\nthere are now over 70,000 communicants, with a\\nmuch larger demand for preaching and the presence\\nof teacher-pastors than the mission is able to meet.\\nThe work of the Woman s Foreign Missionary So-\\nciety has been very successful in this great field;\\nfrom the time that Miss Isabella Thoburn and Dr.\\nClara A. Swain were sent out a number of most ex-\\ncellent ladies have been sent to the field and their\\nwork has been crowned with great success. In the\\nthree branches, school work, evangelistic work, and\\nmedical work, it has been among the most notable\\nagencies in promoting the spirit of Christianity in\\nIndia.\\nThe work of the Society in Mexico was inaugu-\\nrated by Dr. William Butler, founder of the mis-\\nsion in India, in 1873, when the Empire of Maxi-\\nmilian had but recently been overthrown and\\nJesuits and other Roman Catholic orders had been\\n176", "height": "3436", "width": "2316", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nexpelled by the Juarez government. The ancient\\npalace of Montezuma, in the City of Mexico, which\\nhad been occupied as a monastery for three cen-\\nturies, was purchased to serve as headquarters of\\nthe Methodist Mission. Rev. Thomas Carter, D.D.,\\narrived in Mexico March 13, 1873, and was fol-\\nlowed by C. W. Drees and J. W. Butler, son of the\\nsuperintendent, May 9, 1874. Property was pur-\\nchased and work commenced in Puebla, and after-\\nwards in Miraflores, Orizaba, Guanajuato, and\\nother centers. An Annual Conference was organ-\\nized by Bishop W. L. Harris in Trinity Church,\\nMexico City, January 15, 1885. At that time there\\nwere 674 probationers and 625 full members.\\nThere are now over 5,000 communicants. The mis-\\nsion has not been without severe persecution in\\nsome portions of the work at times, but has steadily\\ngrown, and the right to religious freedom has been\\nstrongly upheld by President Diaz wherever occa-\\nsion demands. The Woman s Foreign Missionary\\nSociety has been an efficient helper in this as in\\nother fields. Miss S. M. Warner and Miss Mary\\nHastings, the pioneers, went out in 1874, and have\\nbeen followed by a noble band, prominent among\\nwhom in later years have been Miss Mary De F.\\nLoyd, Miss Amelia Van Dorsten, Miss Harriet\\nAyres, and other efficient workers.\\nThere are nine other foreign missions of the\\nMethodist Episcopal Church, all in Europe. The\\nprosperous work in Germany is due largely to\\n(12) 177", "height": "3460", "width": "2208", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nthe interest in the Germans caused by the conver-\\nsion of William Nast and others in this country.\\nHe visited Germany in 1844, by appointment, and\\non his return it was determined to establish a mis-\\nsion there. It succeeded, and the work spread to\\nSwitzerland. In these two countries there are three\\nConferences, with more than 18,000 members. Scan-\\ndinavians who had been converted in this country,\\nmany of them in the Bethel ship John Wesley\\nin the harbor of New York, carried the gospel back\\nto Norway, where O. P. Peterson, who went out\\nin 1849, had conducted successful revival meetings\\nfor nearly a year. Pie was appointed a missionary\\nin 1853. From this have sprung the prosperous\\nmissions of Norway, Sweden and Denmark. An\\nimportant work was begun in Finland in 1884,\\nconnected with which is also one church in St.\\nPetersburg. Bulgaria was entered in 1857. This\\nfield has been a very difficult one and results have\\nnot been as encouraging as in the other missions of\\nthe Society. It embraces that part of the principal-\\nity lying north of the Balkans. The number of\\ncommunicants is less than 250. The question of a\\nmission to Italy was agitated more than forty years\\nbefore the mission was actually begun. Dr. Leroy\\nM. Vernon began the work in 187 1. A church\\nwas opened in 1873 in Bologna, and Florence was\\noccupied in the same year, after which Milan and\\nPerugia were entered and work was taken up in\\nRome in 1875. The Annual Conference was or-\\n178", "height": "3448", "width": "2308", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nganized in 1880. Dr. William Burt was sent out\\nin 1885, and on Dr. Vernon s retirement from the\\nmission in 1888, after seventeen years of faithful\\nservice, Dr. Burt was put in charge. This mission\\nhas had a less number of foreign laborers than any\\nother foreign mission, and has at present but three\\non the field. The Woman s Foreign Missionary\\nSociety has done efficient school work under the di-\\nrection of Miss Emma H. Hall and Miss Ella\\nVickery. Some men of distinction have been re-\\nceived into the mission from the Roman Catholic\\nChurch, and its work seems to have been of suffi-\\ncient importance to attract the attention of the Pope,\\nwho has recently manifested his opposition to it\\nand sanctioned with his blessing a society whose\\nexpress purpose is to antagonize its work. There\\nare at present over 2,000 communicants in this\\nmission.\\nThe Society supports in all its foreign fields\\n28 missions, which report an aggregate of more\\nthan 180,000 communicants. There are over 1,000\\nchurches and chapels, valued at two and three\\nfourths million dollars; 16 theological schools, with\\n314 students; 58 high schools with 4,622 pupils,\\nand 32,000 pupils in day schools. There are 4,300\\nSunday schools, with 187,000 pupils.\\nREFORMED (DUTCH) BOARD OF MISSIONS\\nThe Reformed Church was introduced into Amer-\\nica with the first Dutch settlers in New York, early\\n179", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nin the seventeenth century, and in 1643 began to\\nlabor among the Mohawks. The sturdy Hollanders\\nwere among the first to catch the missionary spirit\\nand become interested in what was done in Eng-\\nland for missions at the close of the eighteenth cen-\\ntury. In 1796 they united with Baptists and Pres-\\nbyterians in organizing the New York Missionary\\nSociety for the purpose of offering their prayers\\nto the God of grace, that he would be pleased to\\npour out his Spirit on his Church and send his Gos-\\npel to all nations. The Society, however, did not\\ncontemplate foreign missions, but hoped to do some-\\nthing for the Indians. This was similar to other\\nlocal societies which sprang up in various centers\\nof population. In response to an invitation from\\nthe Presbyterian General Assembly in 18 16 the Re-\\nformed General Synod appointed commissioners to\\narrange a plan for the formation of a Society for\\nForeign Missions. The result was the United Mis-\\nsionary Society, formed the same year, for missionary\\nwork among the Indians in Mexico and South Amer-\\nica and in other portions of the heathen world. In\\nit were associated the Presbyterian, Associate Re-\\nformed and Dutch Reformed Churches. The mis-\\nsions and property of the New York Missionary\\nSociety were conveyed to the new organization in\\n1 82 1, and in 1826 the United Society was incor-\\nporated with the American Board.\\nIn 1832 the Dutch Church resolved to have a\\nBoard of Foreign Missions of its own but carry\\n180", "height": "3448", "width": "2316", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\non the work through the American Board. This\\ncooperation continued until 1857, when a separa-\\ntion was arranged by which the Arcot mission in\\nIndia and the Amoy mission in China were ceded\\nby the American Board to the Dutch Board.\\nDuring this period the latter had its own treasury\\nand appropriated its money to the support of mis-\\nsionaries selected from its own Church, or to special\\nobjects, the American Board accepting the mission-\\naries so designated and conducting the missions.\\nA number of missionaries were designated for a\\nnew mission in Borneo, begun in 1836 but discon-\\ntinued in 1849, an d some of the missionaries went\\nto Amoy.\\nIn 1850 a work among the Tamils in India was\\nundertaken. The Rev. John Scudder, M.D., who\\nhad been laboring in Ceylon since 18 19, removed to\\nMadras in 1836 and labored in connection with\\nthat mission. In 1846 he was joined by his eldest\\nson, Henry Martyn Scudder. The latter settled at\\nArcot in 1850, and was joined in 1852 by his\\nbrothers William and Joseph. This was the foun-\\ndation of the present flourishing Arcot mission.\\nThe Church believed that it could best develop its\\nmissionary spirit and resources by independent or-\\nganization, and accordingly separation took place in\\n1857. In that year the Church s income amounted\\nto $12,304; the next year it doubled. In the first\\nten years after separation the receipts reached a to-\\ntal of $469,067 nearly twice as much as had been\\n181", "height": "3448", "width": "2204", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nraised in the previous quarter of a century. In-\\ncluding contributions on the mission field the Board\\nnow raises about $125,000 a year.\\nThe Board consists of twenty-four members cho-\\nsen by the General Synod for the term of three\\nyears, one third of the number changing every year.\\nHalf of the members must be ministers. The Board\\nmeets once a quarter. The immediate oversight of\\nthe business of the Board is committed to an Execu-\\ntive Committee, of five ministers and five laymen,\\nelected annually by the Board. The schedule of ap-\\npropriations is prepared by the Finance Commit-\\ntee of three chosen by the Executive Committee,\\nfrom estimates received from the missions, and is\\napproved by the Board. One corresponding secre-\\ntary is employed.\\nThe missions of the Board are in India, China,\\nJapan, and among Arabic-speaking Moslems and\\nslaves.\\nThe Arcot mission in India has already been men-\\ntioned. The Amoy mission in China is among a\\npopulation of about 3,000,000. That of Japan, be-\\nlonging to the United Church of Christ in Japan,\\nhas three stations. It was established in 1859. The\\nArabian mission, begun independently by Prof. J.\\nG. Lansing and three others in 1889, was received\\nunder the care of the Board in 1894.\\nIn all, the Board has 22 stations, 89 American mis-\\nsionaries, 282 native laborers, 47 churches and\\n5,564 communicants.\\n182", "height": "3448", "width": "2320", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nreformed german) board\\nThe Board of Foreign Missions of the Reformed\\nChurch in the United States was the outcome of a\\nsuggestion of the Board of Home Missions, and was\\norganized in 1838, at Lancaster, Penn. From 1840\\nto 1865 it contributed to the support of the Rev. Ben-\\njamin Schneider, D.D., laboring under the auspices\\nof the American Board. At the latter date, the\\nChurch decided to withdraw its support from the\\nAmerican Board and to have missions of its own.\\nUntil its mission in Japan was established it divided\\nits funds between the Winnebago Indians and a mis-\\nsion in India. Since the opening of the Japan mis-\\nsion, following on the reorganization of the Board\\nin 1873, that has been its only foreign mission.\\nThere are two stations, 56 out-stations, 16 Amer-\\nican and $7 native laborers, 8 churches, and 1,950\\ncommunicants.\\nThe Board consists of twelve members 8 cler-\\nical and 4 lay elected by the General Synod. The\\nofficers and an additional member chosen by the\\nBoard constitute the Executive Committee, charged\\nwith administrative oversight.\\nThe annual income is about $28,000.\\nPRESBYTERIAN BOARD\\nThe earliest mission work done by the Presby-\\nterian Church as a denomination among the In-\\ndians was through a Scottish Society for the Prop-\\nagation of Christian Knowledge, and the begin-\\n183", "height": "3444", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nning was in 1741. Azariah Horton and David\\nBrainerd, names not destined soon to be forgotten,\\nwere the first missionaries. Those who succeeded\\nthem were supported almost entirely by funds raised\\nby American Presbyterian churches which took a\\nlively interest in the work. After the Revolutionary\\nWar these missions were almost abandoned until\\n1 796, when they were renewed under the supervision\\nof the New York Missionary Society, representing\\nnearly all the churches. Next year the Northern\\nMissionary Society was formed and shared in the\\nwork. In 1800 the General Assembly determined to\\nenter this field. Collections were taken, missionaries\\nappointed, and good results secured. In 181 8 the\\nUnited Foreign Missionary Society, representing\\nthe Presbyterian, Reformed Dutch, and Associate\\nReformed Churches, was organized to spread the\\nGospel among the Indians of North America, the\\ninhabitants of Mexico and South America, and\\nother portions of the heathen and anti-Christian\\nworld. This Society represented the interests of\\nthe Presbyterian Church in missions until 1826,\\nwhen the entire work was transferred to the Amer-\\nican Board. There were Presbyterians, however,\\nwho desired to prosecute foreign missions under\\nPresbyterian auspices, and in 1831 the Western\\nForeign Missionary Society was formed by the\\nSynod of Pittsburg, which established missions\\namong the Indians, in India, and in Africa. In\\n1837, the work was handed over to a Board or-\\n184", "height": "3440", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nganized by the General Assembly. The next year\\nthe Church was divided, and the New School branch\\ncontinued to contribute to the American Board,\\nwhile the Old School Assembly carried on its work\\nthrough the Board formed in 1837. When the re-\\nunion took place, in 1870, the united Church sup-\\nported the Presbyterian Board.\\nThe Board formerly consisted of 120 members,\\nrepresented by an Executive Committee of persons\\nresiding in or near New York City, where the of-\\nfices of the Board are maintained. In 1870 the\\nBoard was reduced to fifteen members, and there is\\nno executive committee. There are four Corre-\\nsponding Secretaries who, with the Treasurer, pre-\\npare the business for the Board, proposing a solu-\\ntion for every question, which the Board may or\\nmay not adopt, as it sees fit.\\nThe earliest missions of the Board were among\\nthe North American Indians, as already indicated.\\nThese are now regarded as within the home mis-\\nsion field.\\nTaking up the missions of the Board in a geo-\\ngraphical rather than a chronological order, we\\nwill first describe the fields in the Western world.\\nOwing to the successful work among the Mexican\\npopulation of the United States, carried on for many\\nyears by a woman, Miss Matilda Rankin, the Board\\nentered Mexico in 1872, and found several congre-\\ngations in the capital ready for its guiding hand.\\nIt began at once to prepare natives for the ministry\\n185", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nand gradually pushed its work out into the sur-\\nrounding country. Zacatecas, occupied in 1873, be-\\ncame the center of a sphere of operations in North-\\nern Mexico.\\nThe Board was attracted to Guatemala in 1882\\nby the expulsion of the Jesuits and the proclama-\\ntion of religious liberty. At first the work was in\\nEnglish subsequently Spanish missions were estab-\\nlished. No other Protestant missions had been un-\\ndertaken in the Republic.\\nThe first Presbyterian mission in South America\\nwas opened in Buenos Ayres in 1853, but abandoned\\nin 1859. The oldest existing mission of the Board\\nwas begun in the United States of Colombia in 1856,\\nat Bogota. The opposition of the Roman priesthood\\nhas been very strong, and the work has been dif-\\nficult. A second mission, at Barranquilla, was es-\\ntablished in 1888. The Chili mission, now con-\\nducted by the Board, was received in 1873 from the\\nAmerican and Foreign Christian Union, an unde-\\nnominational organization in New York City which\\ngave up its work some years ago. The Chili mis-\\nsion has centers at Santiago, Valparaiso and Con-\\ncepcion. The Rev. Ashbel Green Simonton began\\nmissionary work in the capital of Brazil in 1859.\\nWhile studying Portuguese he taught English.\\nHis first congregation consisted of two of his pupils,\\nhis second of three. Gradually the number of hear-\\ners increased, and the gospel was preached in other\\ntowns in the province with good results. Sao\\n186", "height": "3448", "width": "2328", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nPaulo, in Southern Brazil, was occupied as a second\\ncenter in 1863. A very important educational work\\nis carried on. Union with the churches of the\\nSouthern Presbyterian Board was accomplished in\\n1889, and there are several presbyteries and a Synod\\nof Brazil. Of the twenty provinces, twelve are rep-\\nresented in the Synod.\\nIn Africa the Board has two missions one, in\\nLiberia, begun in 1833 at Monrovia and extended\\nto the Kroo Coast and in the Vey and Bassa coun-\\ntry, and organized into the Presbytery of Western\\nAfrica in 1848; the other Gaboon received from\\nthe American Board in 1870 and added to the\\nCorisco mission. The latter. is an offshoot of the\\nLiberian mission. The territory occupied by the\\nmission is partly under French, partly under Ger-\\nman and partly under Portuguese control. This\\nadds to the difficulty of the work of the missionaries,\\nwho minister to a superstitious, ignorant and polyg-\\namous people. In the interior some of them are or\\nhave been cannibals.\\nBoth the Syrian and Persian missions were re-\\nceived from the American Board. The former dates\\nfrom 1818, the latter from 1829. In Syria educa-\\ntion for both sexes has proved a strong and success-\\nful missionary arm. Good training is given, and in\\nthe theological seminary young men are fitted for\\nthe ministry. The Syrian Protestant College,\\nthough independent of the Board, has made Beirut\\nan important center of Protestant influence. The\\n187", "height": "3448", "width": "2208", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nmission in Persia is to the Nestorians, who consti-\\ntute a branch of the Eastern Church and, like other\\nOriental Christians, need the gospel. Urumiah,\\nTabriz, Hamadan, and other places, are occupied.\\nThe Rev. John C. Lowrie, afterward to become\\nCorresponding Secretary of the Board, was sent to\\nIndia by the Western Society in 1833, with the Rev.\\nWm. Reed, and they established a mission in Lodi-\\nana, near the border of the Punjab, in the Northwest\\nProvinces. From Lodiana the work was carried\\ninto the Punjab and into South India. Several of\\nthe missionaries fell in the mutiny.\\nSiam was occupied in 1840, but little could be\\ndone until after the death of the king, in 1851.\\nThe new king had been under the instruction of a\\nmissionary of the American Board, and at once\\nadopted a liberal policy. The first convert was not\\nbaptized until 1859; but publication, educational and\\nmedical work was successful, and the mission is\\nprosperous. A station was established in the Laos\\ncountry in 1867. For a time persecution was severe,\\nbut religious liberty was secured in 1878.\\nThe first year of its organization, 1837, tne Pres-\\nbyterian Board sent two missionaries to work\\namong the Chinese in Singapore. In 1843 tne mis-\\nsion was transferred to China. There are now three\\nmissions, known as the Central, including Ningpo,\\nShanghai, Hangchau, Suchau and Nanking, the\\nShantung, comprising Tungchau, Chefu, Chenan-fu\\nand other stations, and the Peking.\\n188", "height": "3448", "width": "2288", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe Japan mission was founded in 1859 by Dr.\\nJames C. Hepburn and others. Work was begun at\\nKanagawa, near Tokyo, in a heathen temple from\\nwhich the idols were cast. Subsequently the mission\\nwas removed to Yokohama at the instance of the\\nJapanese authorities, who did not want foreigners\\nin the town. In 1869 tne first converts were bap-\\ntized, and in 1872 a period of prosperity began. In\\n1877 the churches under the care of several Pres-\\nbyterian and Reformed Boards united in organiz-\\ning the United Church of Christ in Japan, which\\nhas a complete ecclesiastical system, with a Con-\\nfession of Faith, and maintains a theological sem-\\ninary for the training of students for the ministry.\\nA mission was established at Seoul, the capital of\\nKorea, in 1884, and success has attended it from the\\nfirst.\\nThe annual income of the Board is between $800,-\\n000 and $900,000, and it has about 35,000 commu-\\nnicants in connection with its 115 stations and 933\\nout-stations, 280 male and 416 female American\\nmissionaries, and 364 churches.\\nSOUTHERN PRESBYTERIAN BOARD\\nWhen the Civil War separated the Presbyterian\\nChurches, Old and New Schools, on sectional lines,\\nthe consequent formation of a new foreign board\\nby the two Southern bodies of the Presbyterian\\nChurch in the United States was necessary. The\\nwork is under the charge of an Executive Commit-", "height": "3448", "width": "2188", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ntee, and is administered by a Corresponding Sec-\\nretary, with an Assistant. There is also a Treasurer.\\nAt the time of the separation some of the mis-\\nsionaries in the field were from the South. Cor-\\nrespondence with them resulted in some cases in\\nan agreement to represent the Southern Board in\\ntheir respective fields. The Board also adopted some\\nof the Indian missions within the bounds of the\\nChurch and cared for them until they were turned\\nover to the Home Board in 1889.\\nThe Board organized a mission in China, appoint-\\ning for this purpose the Rev. E. B. Inslee, who had\\nbeen serving the Northern Board at Hangchau.\\nThe mission now includes four stations Hangchau,\\nSuchau, Chinkiang and Tsing-Kiang-pu.\\nMiss Ronzone, as an appointee of the Board, be-\\ngan educational work in Naples, Italy, in 1867,\\nand subsequently removed to Milan.\\nIn 1868 several missionaries were sent to Brazil,\\nwhere the Board now has three missions Southern,\\nNorthern and Interior. These missions have\\nachieved encouraging results, especially that in the\\nState or Province of Minas-Geraes, in the interior.\\nA mission begun in Mexico, across the Texas\\nborder, in 1874, has been gradually extended.\\nTwo churches were organized in Cuba in 1890\\nand 1 89 1 one in Havana, the other in Santa Clara.\\nA mission to the Greeks in Macedonia was be-\\ngun at Salonica in 1874, and has been prosecuted\\nwith varied results.\\n190", "height": "3448", "width": "2296", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe Japan mission was begun in 1885 by two\\nmissionaries. The Board has four stations. Its\\nchurches belong to the United Church of Christ in\\nJapan.\\nConvinced that duty required it to do something\\nfor the redemption of Africa the Board appointed,\\nin 1890, a white and a colored minister to establish\\na mission in the Congo country. The colored min-\\nister. W. H. Sheppard, had been educated in the\\nTuscaloosa Theological Seminary established by the\\nChurch for colored students. They chose as their\\nfield of operations the Upper Congo and its tribu-\\ntary, the Kassai.\\nThe Southern Board, with 40 stations and 126\\nout-stations, has 2,948 communicants on its mission\\nfields, gathered into 34 churches. Its annual in-\\ncome is between $140,000 and $150,000.\\nUNITED PRESBYTERIAN BOARD\\nThis Church was formed in 1858 by a union of\\nthe Associate Presbyterian and Associated Re-\\nformed Churches. Each of these Presbyterian\\nbranches had conducted foreign missions on its own\\naccount, and a new Board was organized in 1859.\\nThe Board consists of nine members chosen by the\\nGeneral Assembly, which also appoints the Cor-\\nresponding Secretary. The Board controls the\\nforeign missions of the Church.\\nFormerly the Board had missionaries in Trinidad,\\nSyria, China, Egypt and India. For some years it\\no 191", "height": "3444", "width": "2192", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nhas conducted its whole foreign operations in the\\nlast two fields, in which it has large and prosperous\\ninterests.\\nThe mission in India was begun by the Associate\\nChurch at Sialkot, in the Punjab. It has been ex-\\ntended to include eight districts. The methods\\nused to advance the work are the evangelistic, the\\neducational, the zenana and the medical.\\nThe Egyptian mission also came to the Board\\nafter it had been organized. The first missionary\\narrived in Cairo in 1854. The Khedive at that\\ntime, Said Pasha, was a liberal minded ruler and\\ndid not oppose the new mission. The mission was\\nreinforced and in a short time there was a Presby-\\ntery of Egypt. The field of operations was chiefly\\namong the Copts, a corrupt body of Oriental Chris-\\ntians. Both Moslems and Copts, outside of Cairo\\nand Alexandria, opposed the missionaries. Mission\\nschools and Christian publications were effective in\\nrooting and developing gospel truths. The first\\nnative Protestant Church was organized in Cairo in\\n1863. The work was gradually extended up the\\nNile, and has become very prosperous.\\nThe Board has in its two missions 60 churches,\\nwith 7,940 communicants. Its income in 1898 was\\n1 14,000.\\nCUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN BOARD\\nThis branch of Presbyterianism grew out of a\\ngreat revival in the Cumberland Valley, in Ten-\\nnessee, in the early years of the nineteenth century.\\n192", "height": "3424", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe revival movement was carried on by meth-\\nods new to the Presbyterians and was accompanied\\nby teachings which many of them regarded as erro-\\nneous. The result was a separate denomination.\\nAs early as 1818 the Church began mission work\\namong the Indians. The Board, which was organ-\\nized in 1845, has both home and foreign work\\nunder its control. It established missions in Li-\\nberia in 1857, m Turkey in i860, in Trinidad in\\n1873, each of which has been discontinued. Its\\npresent work is in Japan and Mexico. The Mex-\\nican mission was begun in 1886.\\nThe Board has 8 churches and 802 communicants.\\nIts annual income is above $20,000.\\nREFORMED PRESBYTERIAN BOARDS\\nThe first attempts of the Reformed Presbyterian\\nChurch (Synod) to establish foreign missions\\nfailed. Its single mission at present is the Latakia,\\nin Syria. The original purpose was to reach the\\nJews at Damascus or Zahleh. Later an opening\\nwas made at Latakia among the Nusairiyeh, nomi-\\nnally a Moslem people but really degraded worship-\\ners of the sun and moon. There are branches at\\nSuadea and Mersine, and also in the island of Cy-\\nprus.\\nAnother branch of Reformed Presbyterians, dis-\\ntinguished as the General Synod, began a mission\\nin India, in the Northwest Provinces, in 1836; there\\nare twelve churches and nearly 1,200 members.\\n(13) 193", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nsouthern baptist board\\nThe organization of this Board in 1845 was due\\nto a division of the Regular Baptists on account\\nof slavery. The question was raised in 1844\\nwhether a person holding slaves could be appointed\\nas a missionary. The answer of the Board of\\nForeign Missions of the Triennial Convention was\\nthat such a person could not be appointed. We\\ncan never be a party, the Board said, to any ar-\\nrangement that would imply approbation of slav-\\nery. The Southern churches adopted the original\\nconstitution of the Convention, and claimed that\\nthe Southern Convention is the proper successor of\\nthe Triennial Convention. The Southern Baptist\\nConvention meets annually, and consists of the\\nBoard of Foreign Missions, the Board of Home\\nMissions, and other denominational societies.\\nSome of the missionaries in the field elected to\\nserve the Southern Board notably in China, where\\nthere are now three missions Canton, Shanghai\\nand Shantung. The mission property in Shang-\\nhai was destroyed during the Tai-ping rebellion,\\nbut indemnity was given afterward. The mission\\nin Shantung dates from i860.\\nThe Convention has an important work in Africa,\\nbegun in 1846 in Liberia. From Liberia the work\\nwas extended into the Yoruba country and to\\nSierra Leone. War in Yoruba and other causes\\nled to the suspension of that mission for some\\nyears, but the field was reoccupied in 1875. The\\n194", "height": "3448", "width": "2264", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nLiberian mission was closed and Lagos became the\\ncenter of operations.\\nThe Rev. J. W. Bowen went to Rio de Janeiro,\\nBrazil, in the service of the Board in i860. His\\nhealth failed and the mission was suspended for\\ntwelve years, when work was renewed. Flourish-\\ning stations exist at the capital, in Pernambuco,\\nBahia, Maceio, and Juiz de Froa, in the State of\\nMinas-Geraes.\\nThe Italy mission, begun in 1890, has twelve\\nstations, including Rome, Milan, Venice, Bologna,\\nModena and Naples, and two stations on the is-\\nland of Sardinia.\\nA mission to Japan was planned as early as i860,\\nwhen three missionaries were appointed. Two\\nwere prevented from going by the outbreak of the\\nCivil War; one sailed, but never reached his desti-\\nnation. Two missionaries were sent out in 1889,\\nand a station was established at Kobe.\\nThe annual income of the Board is about\\n$125,000. On the various fields it has 102 churches,\\nwith 4,760 members.\\nFREEWILL BAPTIST SOCIETY\\nFree or Freewill Baptists differ from Regular\\nBaptists respecting the distinctive doctrines of Cal-\\nvinism, but immerse on confession of faith. They\\norganized the Freewill Baptist Foreign Missionary\\nSociety in 1832, under the influence of inspiring\\nletters from English General Baptist missionaries,\\n195", "height": "3444", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nand the first mission of the Society was established\\nin India in 183 s, when four missionaries, including\\ntwo women, were sent out. The first station was\\nat Sumbalpur, in the hill district of Orissa. Sum-\\nbalpur proved to be unhealthy and it was aban-\\ndoned for Balasore, in the same district. The work\\nwas successfully prosecuted, and other districts\\nwere occupied. The Santhals, a hill tribe, very\\ndegraded, were effectually reached by Mr, Phillips,\\none of the first missionaries, who reduced their\\nspoken language to a written one. There are twelve\\nchurches in connection with this mission, with 791\\ncommunicants. The income of the Society is\\nabout $26,000.\\nBOARD OF MISSIONS OF THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL\\nCHURCH, SOUTH\\nThe division in the Methodist Episcopal Church\\nin 1844 ted to the organization of the Meth-\\nodist Episcopal Church, South, in 1845, an d to a\\nBoard of Missions in 1846, when the first General\\nConference was held. Originally both the home\\nand foreign fields were under the direction of one\\nsociety. The work was divided in 1866, but re-\\nunited in 1870. The constitution was again so\\nchanged in 1874 by the General Conference that\\nthe Board has charge of all foreign missions and\\nof such domestic missions as are not under the care\\nof annual conferences.\\nThe Board consists of twenty-five managers,\\n196", "height": "3448", "width": "2268", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nwith a president, vice president, and three secretaries.\\nThe Bishops are members ex officio. The Board\\nmeets annually to determine what fields shall be\\noccupied, the number of persons to be employed\\nin each, to make appropriations, and to apportion\\nto the conferences the amounts to be raised. Each\\nannual conference provides for the work within\\nits bounds and has a board auxiliary to the general\\nboard.\\nThe first work of the Board was among the Ne-\\ngroes and Indians, and large results were achieved\\nin both fields.\\nDr. Charles Taylor laid the foundations of the\\nfirst foreign mission in Shanghai, China, in 1848.\\nThe work opened auspiciously, but was interrupted\\nby sickness of the missionaries and the Tai-ping\\nrebellion. In 1854 a new start was made, but war,\\nsickness and death supervened, and little was accom-\\nplished until i860, when reinforcements were sent\\nout. Trials and reverses continued until 1879, when\\na period of encouragement and growth began.\\nConnected with the mission for some years were\\nthe Rev. Young J. Allen and Dr. J. W. Lambuth.\\nThe conversion of an educated Mexican, Alijo\\nHernandez, who became an effective preacher to\\nMexicans on the Texan border, led to the opening of\\na mission in the City of Mexico, in 1873. Other\\ncities and towns were occupied, and in 1886 the\\nCentral Mexico Mission Conference was organ-\\nized. There is also a Mexican Border Mission\\n197", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nConference which was created in the same year,\\nand includes churches on both sides the border, in\\nTexas and in Mexico.\\nA mission in Brazil was begun in 1875, m the\\nprovince of Sao Paulo. Two years later a station\\nwas established in the capital.\\nIn 1886 Dr. J. W. Lambuth, who had been con-\\nnected with the mission in China, was appointed,\\nwith W. R. Lambuth, also in China, and O. A.\\nDukes, to begin mission work in Japan. They\\nchose Kobe as a center. The mission was successful\\nfrom the first.\\nThe Board has 216 churches with 8,298 com-\\nmunicants in its various fields. Its income in 1898\\nwas nearly $355,000.\\nPROTESTANT EPISCOPAL MISSIONARY SOCIETY\\nThe Protestant Episcopal Church conducts its\\noperations in both the home and foreign fields\\nthrough one Society. The Domestic and Foreign\\nMissionary Society was instituted in 1820, but\\ncomparatively little was done in the next ten years.\\nA lay teacher had been sent to Africa and two\\nclergymen to Greece. These were the first mission-\\naries of the Church. They were commissioned in\\n1830.\\nAt the session of the General Convention of the\\nChurch, which is triennial, the Bishops and dep-\\nuties, together with the Board of Managers and\\nthe Treasurers of the Society, sit as a Board of\\n198", "height": "3448", "width": "2272", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nMissions. This Board elects a Board of Managers,\\nconsisting of fifteen clergymen and fifteen laymen,\\nof which board the Bishops and Treasurers are\\nmembers ex officio. A committee consisting of\\neight laymen and seven clergymen, from the Board\\nof Managers, acts in an executive capacity.\\nThe mission in Greece was intended to awaken\\nand instruct, but not to proselyte, nominal Chris-\\ntians. The work as now conducted is entirely\\neducational. The schools are in Athens.\\nThe China mission was begun in 1835, among the\\nChinese in Batavia, on the island of Java. Five\\nyears later Amoy, in China, was occupied, but was\\nabandoned in the following year for Shanghai.\\nThe Rev. J. W. Boone, who began the mission in\\nAmoy, was made Missionary Bishop, the first of the\\nAnglican communion in that empire. Wuchang,\\nin Hupeh province, was occupied as an important\\ncenter in 1868, and there are now many stations in\\nNorthern and Central China, where educational,\\nevangelistic and medical work is carried on.\\nThe Rev. C. M. Williams and the Rev. J. Lig-\\ngins, sent out in 1859, were the first Protestant\\nmissionaries, it is said, to settle in Japan. The first\\nbaptism was reported in 1866. In 1874 Japan was\\nconstituted a separate missionary jurisdiction, and\\nBishop Williams, who had exercised episcopal\\nsupervision from China over both fields, became\\nthe first Bishop of Japan. The chief centers of\\nmissionary work are Tokyo and Osaka.\\n199", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nThe mission in Hayti, in charge of the Rev. J. T,\\nHolly, was received from the American Church\\nMissionary Society in 1865. Nine years later Dr.\\nHolly was consecrated Bishop of Hayti.\\nThe African mission is in Liberia. It has been\\na missionary bishopric since 1850. The principal\\ntribes reached are the Grebos, the Bassas and the\\nVeys.\\nThe Society has 61 churches in its foreign fields,\\nwith 4,880 communicants, and received in 1898\\n$281,000.\\nAMERICAN BIBLE SOCIETY\\nOrganized in 181 6 to print and circulate the\\nScriptures, the American Bible Society has occu-\\npied both the home and foreign fields. It is un-\\ndenominational, and is supported in part by col-\\nlections taken in the evangelical churches and in\\npart by proceeds of its sales, and from other sources.\\nIt has been the greatest possible help to the foreign\\nmissionary societies, printing versions of the Scrip-\\ntures in various languages and circulating them\\nby its own agencies, appropriating annually sup-\\nplies for the use of the missions. It works in en-\\ntire harmony with the missionary societies. The\\nversions it has published, either of the whole or\\nportions of the Bible, have been very numerous.\\nThose of the New Testament alone number more\\nthan four score. Its operations have extended to\\nall the fields where American missionaries have\\nlabored. One of its agencies is for Spanish South\\n200", "height": "3448", "width": "2272", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nAmerica another, the Levant, is for Turkey, East-\\nern Roumelia, part of Bulgaria, Syria and Egypt.\\nThis agency reaches many races and circulates the\\nBible in many languages. It is printed in Arabic,\\nTurkish (in three characters), Armenian (in three\\ndialects), Greek (in two), Kurdish, Persian, Syriac\\n(ancient and modern), Hebrew, Judeo-Spanish,\\nBulgarian, Slavic, Roumanian, Croatian, Russian\\nand all the languages of Europe. There is also an\\nagency for China and one for Japan and Korea,\\nnot to mention other countries. The value of the\\nwork done by the Society in 1898 was $266,000.\\nOTHER SOCIETIES OF THE UNITED STATES\\nAlmost every denomination has shown its con-\\ncern for the evangelization of the world by striving\\nto support one or more missionaries in the foreign\\nfield. In some instances, where the income is small,\\nthe work is done through the society or board of\\na larger denomination with whose principles and\\ndoctrines there is more or less agreement. But\\nmany bodies of less than ten thousand members\\nmaintain their own foreign mission.\\nI. The Disciples of Christ is one of the larger\\ndenominations, having over a million of members.\\nIt has grown recently with wonderful rapidity,\\nhaving almost doubled its numbers in the last ten\\nor twelve years. It owes its origin to Alexander\\nCampbell and other Baptists in the beginning of the\\nnineteenth century. Campbell was originally a\\n201", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nScotch Presbyterian. He became a Baptist after\\nhe arrived in this country, and left the Baptists to\\nfound a denomination which should have no creed\\nbut the Bible, and no divisive name or principle.\\nIt was hoped that a basis would be found for the\\nunion of all believers in Christ. The Disciples\\nbaptize by immersion for the remission of sins, and\\nadminister the communion every Sunday. Because\\nof the extent of its home work the denomination\\ndid not enter the foreign field until the last quarter\\nof the century. Its foreign missionary society\\nwas organized in 1875. Its first field was Denmark.\\nFrom Denmark the work spread to Sweden and\\nNorway. In 1879 a mission to Turkey was begun\\nwhich has attained large proportions, with stations\\nin many places. Work was begun in the central\\nprovinces of India in 1882, in Japan in 1883, an d\\nin China in 1884. The denomination is also rep-\\nresented in Great Britain, Australia, and other\\ncountries. It reports 63 churches in its foreign\\nfields, 1,426 communicants, and its income is con-\\nsiderably above $100,000.\\nII. The Lutheran communion embraces in its\\nvarious divisions in this country more than a mil-\\nlion and a half of communicants. It has been\\nchiefly occupied in caring for immigrants from\\nLutheran countries in Europe, who have come in\\ngreat numbers. Three of the general bodies, the\\nGeneral Synod, which is the oldest, and the General\\nCouncil, which is one of the largest, and the United\\n202", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nSynod of the South, have missions abroad. The\\nForeign Missionary Society of the General Synod\\nwas organized in 1837. Its first mission was opened\\nin India in 1842, in Guntur, in cooperation with the\\nAmerican Board, but this plan was abandoned at\\nthe end of the first year. The mission has been\\nwell supported and has been prosperous. Educa-\\ntional, evangelistic, medical and zenana work has\\nbeen done at several stations. The Muhlenberg\\nMission, in Africa, was begun in 1859 in Liberia.\\nTo the educational and evangelistic arms was\\nadded an industrial feature, which has been very\\nsuccessful in giving the natives a knowledge of\\nsystematic farming and of the useful trades. The\\nincome of the society is upward of $42,000.\\nThe General Council began foreign mission work\\nin 1869 when it received from the General Synod\\ntwo stations in Southern India, the Rajahmundry\\nand Samulcotta. This mission is supported at an\\nannual cost of about $20,000.\\nThe United Synod of the South has an important\\nwork in Japan, begun in 1892.\\nIII. The United Brethren in Christ, a denomina-\\ntion of Methodistic usages and principles formed at\\nthe beginning of the century by Germans, organ-\\nized its Home, Frontier and Foreign Missionary\\nSociety in 1853, and established its first foreign\\nmission among the Sherbro people in West Africa,\\nwhere it has a large and prosperous work. The\\nSociety also has missions in Bavaria, in Germany,\\n203", "height": "3440", "width": "2272", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nand in China and Japan, begun in 1889. It has\\n57 churches and 6,056 communicants in its foreign\\nfields. Its income is about $42,000 a year.\\nIV. The Methodist Protestant Church did some\\nforeign missionary work before it organized its\\nown board in 1882. It has an important mission\\nin Japan, at Yokohama, Fusiyama and Nagoya.\\nV. The Free Methodist Church has missions in\\nJapan and India with six stations and two out-\\nstations, four churches, and 68 communicants.\\nVI. The American Wesleyans have one foreign\\nmission, in Freetown, West Africa.\\nVII. The Evangelical Association, a Methodistic\\norganization resulting from evangelistic work among\\nthe Germans at the beginning of the century by\\nAlbright and others, has had a missionary society\\nsince 1839. Its first fields were at home and in\\nCanada. In 1850 it began work in Germany, and\\nlater in Switzerland and Japan.\\nVIII. The Christian Church, a body organized in\\nthe early years of the present century, on the basis\\nof no creed but the Bible, no divisive title, and the\\nunity of believers, has had a foreign board since\\n1886. It has one foreign mission, in Japan, begun\\nin 1887.\\nIX. The American Friends cooperate with the\\nEnglish Friends in missionary work in India and\\nSyria, and have a mission in Mexico.\\nX. The German Evangelical Svnod represents in\\nthe United States the State Church of Prussia,\\n204", "height": "3448", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nwhich was formed by the union of the Lutherans\\nand the Reformed elements. It formerly contributed\\nto foreign missions through societies in Germany.\\nIn 1884 it took up the work of the German Evan-\\ngelical Society, which had been supported by Ger-\\nmans of several denominations. There was a\\nmission in India, at Bisrampore, which has become a\\ncenter of influence. There are four churches with\\n807 members.\\nXL The Associate Reformed Synod of the South,\\na small body which did not enter the union which\\nmade the United Presbyterian Church, has a mis-\\nsion in Mexico. It began its foreign missionary\\nwork in 1875, when it sent a missionary to Egypt.\\nOn her death it shifted its field of operations to\\nTamaulipas, Mexico.\\nXII. The African Methodist Episcopal Church,\\nthe largest colored Methodist body in the United\\nStates, began missionary work in Africa in 1886,\\nand has considerable interests in Sierra Leone and\\nin South Africa. The Church also has missions in\\nHayti.\\nXIII. The German Baptists, or Dunkards,\\nzealous and peculiar Bible Christians who came\\nfrom Germany in the eighteenth century and are\\nnow divided into four branches, have had mission\\nwork in Denmark and Sweden for many years, the\\nformer begun in 1875, tne latter in 1885. It is the\\nconservative and more numerous branch that sup-\\nports these missions.\\n205", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nXIV. One branch of the Mennonites, known as\\nthe General Conference, has a foreign missionary\\nsociety which began work among the Indians in\\n1880. It has no mission abroad.\\nXV. The Seventh Day Baptists, one of the old-\\nest and also one of the smallest denominations in\\nthis country, have a mission in Shanghai, China,\\nbegun in 1847, an missions in Belgium, Holland,\\nand among the Jews in Austria.\\nXVI. The Seventh Day Adventists, a branch of\\nthe movement which was led by William Miller in\\nthe forties, are very active in missionary work,\\nwhich is carried on very systematically. The\\nforeign missions are chiefly in Christian countries,\\nincluding Great Britain, Australia, various Euro-\\npean countries, the West Indies, and Canada. They\\nalso have missions in India, China, Japan, Africa,\\nseveral groups of Pacific Islands, and Mexico and\\nSouth America. They have in Great Britain and\\nEurope 5,646 members, in Australia, 1,713, and in\\nother foreign countries, exclusive of Canada, 1,800.\\nXVII. The National Baptist Convention, rep-\\nresenting colored Baptists, has a foreign mission-\\nary board located at Louisville. The colored Bap-\\ntists have done more or less missionary work in\\nAfrica and in Hayti.\\nCANADIAN FOREIGN MISSION SOCIETIES\\nThere are six foreign boards or societies in\\nCanada: one each for the Congregationalists,\\n206", "height": "3444", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nMethodists, Presbyterians, and Episcopalians, and\\ntwo for the Baptists.\\nI. The Congregationalists of Canada formed a\\nforeign missionary society in 1881, supporting mis-\\nsionaries of the American Board in Turkey and\\nJapan. In 1886 a missionary was sent to Africa.\\nII. The Methodist Church of Canada has had a\\nmissionary society since 1824. It is both home and\\nforeign in its scope. It has done much work among\\nthe Indians, with very encouraging results. It has\\na mission in Bermuda, but its most important\\nforeign work is in Japan. This mission was begun\\nin 1873, in Tokyo. There are several stations and\\na considerable body of communicants. The so-\\nciety raises for its foreign work about $42,000 a\\nyear.\\nIII. The Presbyterian Church of Canada is the\\nresult of the union of four bodies in 1875. The\\nunited Church consolidated the existing mission in-\\nterests in one board. It has a mission in the New\\nHebrides, which is carried on in cooperation with\\nthe missions of Scottish Churches, one in Trinidad,\\none in Central India, one in Formosa, and one in\\nHonan, China. The city of Indore is the center of\\nthe work in India. The Formosa mission has been\\nmade famous by the heroic work of the Rev.\\nGeorge L. Mackay, who married a Chinese woman\\nand identified himself with the interests of the\\npeople. For a time he was severely persecuted, but\\nhe won the confidence of the inhabitants, and the\\n207", "height": "3448", "width": "2276", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nmission has been very successful. The Honan\\nfield was occupied strongly in 1889. The society\\nhas large mission interests among the Indians.\\nIV. The Church of England in Canada organ-\\nized a missionary society in 1883. What it does in\\nthe foreign field is done through other organi-\\nzations.\\nV. The Baptists of Canada raised money for\\nforeign missions long before they maintained mis-\\nsions of their own. They supported missionaries\\nin connection with the American Baptist Mission-\\nary Union. In 1867 the Baptists of Ontario and\\nQuebec sent out their first missionaries to the\\nheathen. They went to Madras and Burma,\\nlaboring under the direction of the American\\nBaptist Missionary Union. Two independent or-\\nganizations were formed in 1873, one by the Mari-\\ntime Provinces and the other by the Provinces of\\nOntario and Quebec. They unite in support of the\\nmission in the Northern Telugu country in India.\\n208", "height": "3464", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nCHAPTER X\\nWomen s Foreign Missionary Societies\\nEvery denomination having foreign missions has,\\nwith few exceptions, one women s missionary society\\nor more. There were such societies as early as 1800,\\nalthough they did not work specifically for foreign\\nmissions. After the American Board was organ-\\nized women s societies auxiliary to it were formed,\\none as early as 18 12, and Baptist, Presbyterian\\nand Methodist societies came into existence before\\n1820. None of these societies carried on opera-\\ntions abroad under its own direction. They collected\\nmoney and turned it over to the regular societies\\nof their respective churches. It was not until 1834\\nthat women s societies were organized for work in\\nthe mission field. In that year, in response to an\\nappeal from the Rev. David Abeel, of China, for\\nwomen missionaries to reach the women of India\\nand China, the Society for Promoting Female Edu-\\ncation in the East was created in England. Other\\nsocieties of the same kind came speedily into exist-\\nence, including one for the Wesleyan Church, one\\nfor the Free and one for the Established Church of\\nScotland.\\nThe first society of the kind in the United States\\nwas formed in 1861 on undenominational lines. It\\n(14) 209", "height": "3444", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nwas called the Woman s Union Missionary Society\\nfor Heathen Lands. The Society s first mission-\\nary, Miss Marston, went out the same year to\\nBurma. The sphere of operations of this society\\nhas been in India, China, and Japan. Zenana\\nwork has been the leading feature of its operations.\\nIn common with other women s societies it also car-\\nries on evangelistic, educational, and medical work,\\nand employs many Bible women, chiefly natives.\\nThis is the only independent and undenomina-\\ntional society in the United States. There are\\nthree such societies in England the Society for\\nPromoting Female Education in the East, already\\nmentioned, which has missionaries in Palestine,\\nPersia, India, China, Japan and Egypt; the Indian\\nFemale Normal School and Instruction Society,\\norganized in 1852, which has schools, and does\\nzenana, Bible and medical work in India; and the\\nBritish wSyrian Mission Schools and Bible Work\\namong the neglected women and children in Syria.\\nDenominational women s societies in the United\\nStates exist in most of the Churches. The Congre-\\ngational Churches have four such societies, repre-\\nsenting various sections of the country. Two of\\nthem were organized in 1868, one in Boston the\\nother in Chicago; there is also a Board on the\\nPacific Coast and one in the Sandwich Islands.\\nThe sphere of the latter is in the Hawaiian group\\nand in Micronesia. The first three cooperate with\\nthe American Board in India, China, Japan, Africa,", "height": "3448", "width": "2268", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nTurkey, Mexico, and Spain. These societies main-\\ntain boarding and day schools, employ Bible wom-\\nen, hold evangelistic meetings, and do medical work.\\nThe Woman s Foreign Missionary Society of the\\nMethodist Episcopal Church was formed in 1869 in\\nBoston. Its fields are, in the order of occupation,\\nIndia, China, Mexico and South America, Japan\\nand Africa, Italy, Bulgaria, and Korea. It con-\\nducts schools, boarding and day, does direct evan-\\ngelistic work in house to house visitation, in tours\\nand in meetings of various kinds, and has an im-\\nportant medical department. Its medical mission-\\naries gain access to houses and influence in circles\\nwhich would be closed to ordinary missionary work.\\nDr. Leonora Howard, sent to Peking in 1877, was\\nsummoned the next year to Tientsin, to attend the\\nwife of the great Chinese statesman, Li Hung\\nChang. Under her treatment Lady Li recovered.\\nThe result was a pressing invitation to remain in\\nTientsin, the placing of a temple at her disposal for\\ndispensary work the cost of which was met by Lady\\nLi, and finally a hospital built by the Society.\\nThere are several Boards in the Presbyterian\\nChurch, three of which were organized in 1870.\\nThey have missions among the Indians, in Mexico,\\nGuatemala, South America, West Africa, Syria,\\nPersia, India, Siam, Laos, China, Japan and Korea.\\nTheir appropriations and appointments are al-\\nways submitted to the regular Foreign Board at\\nNew York.\\n211", "height": "3448", "width": "2228", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nAmong other women s foreign societies are those\\nof the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, organ-\\nized in 1878; of the Reformed (Dutch) Church,\\norganized in 1875; of the Cumberland Presbyterian\\nChurch, organized in 1880; of the United Presby-\\nterian Church, organized in 1883; of the Northern\\nBaptists, organized in 1871 (four sectional soci-\\neties) of the Southern Baptist Convention, organ-\\nized in 1884; of the Protestant Episcopal Church,\\norganized in 1871 of the Lutheran General Synod,\\norganized in 1879. There are also similar bodies\\nin Canada, in connection with the various Churches.\\nIn England there is the Ladies Auxiliary of the\\nWesleyan Methodist Missionary Society, organized\\nin 1858; the Ladies Association for the Promotion\\nof Female Education Among the Heathen, organ-\\nized in 1865 as auxiliary to the Society for the Prop-\\nagation of the Gospel, Church of England; Ladies\\nAssociation, auxiliary to the Baptist Missionary\\nSociety; Ladies Committee of the London Mis-\\nsionary Society, organized in 1875; Woman s Mis-\\nsionary Association, Presbyterian, organized in\\n1878; Zenana Missionary Society, auxiliary to the\\nChurch Missionary Society, Church of England.\\nIn Scotland there are three women s societies in\\nconnection with the Church of Scotland one for\\ngeneral missionary and zenana work, organized in\\n1837, and two for educational and other work\\namong the Jews three in connection with the Free\\nChurch one for female education in India and\\n212", "height": "3448", "width": "2256", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nSouth Africa, organized in 1837, another for work\\namong the Jews, and a third for work on the Conti-\\nnent; a Zenana Mission and a Kaffrarian Society\\nin connection with the United Presbyterian Church\\nand a Society in connection with the Episcopal\\nChurch of Scotland.\\nIn Ireland there is an association for work among\\nthe women of the East, organized in 1873.\\nTwo women s societies are reported from Ger-\\nmany the Berlin Women s Missionary Association,\\nmore than sixty years old, which has work in India\\nand in Jerusalem, and the Berlin Women s Mission\\nfor China. There are other women s societies on\\nthe Continent, notably one in Stockholm, Sweden.\\nThese societies operate in China and in Africa.\\n213", "height": "3444", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nCHAPTER XI\\nThe Mission Fields of the World\\nThe peoples of the earth among whom Protes-\\ntant missionaries are laboring may be divided into\\nfive classes, as follows I. Papal, Oriental Christian\\nand Protestant; II. Mohammedan; III. Jewish;\\nIV. Asiatic Heathen V. Uncivilized.\\nI. PAPAL, ORIENTAL CHRISTIAN AND PROTESTANT\\nPOPULATIONS\\ni. Missions in Papal Countries. The Roman\\nCatholic Church is not always and everywhere the\\nsame, notwithstanding its old Latin motto to that\\neffect. It is very different in Protestant countries\\nlike England, the United States and Germany,\\nfrom what it is in Italy, Spain and South American\\ncountries. It is not tolerant of other forms of\\nreligion where it enjoys control, and would exclude\\nthem all by force if it could. In Latin lands Italy,\\nSpain and Portugal in Europe and Spanish\\ncountries in America the church has made little\\nprogress toward a higher and more spiritual Chris-\\ntianity. The example of the priests is often a re-\\nproach to religion and morals, and the people are\\nsuperstitious and believe that observance of rites\\nand ceremonies and oft-repeated prayers to the\\n214", "height": "3448", "width": "2224", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nVirgin and the saints will atone for evil lives. Prot-\\nestant missionaries have had to encounter the most\\nstrenuous opposition and every form of persecution\\nwhich the state would allow. A deep-seated prej-\\nudice must first be overcome before the people can\\nbe reached and influenced for good.\\nIn America, Canadian Churches are at work\\namong the French Catholics of the Dominion;\\nmany societies of the United States, including our\\nown, among the Romanists of Mexico, where there\\nhas been complete religious liberty under the\\ngovernment of President Diaz; Methodist, Presby-\\nterian, Baptist, and other societies of the United\\nStates, including the American Bible Society, and\\nthe South American Missionary Society of Eng-\\nland, the Moravians and others in the various\\ncountries of South America, except Bolivia, where\\nno missionary work seems to have been attempted;\\nMethodist, Presbyterian, and other societies in\\nCuba and Porto Rico, since the late Spanish war,\\nthe Baptists and Southern Methodists having made\\nbeginnings in Cuba before the war. In Mexico\\nconsiderable success has attended missionary work.\\nThe Government confiscated and sold churches,\\nmonasteries and other ecclesiastical property, which\\nthe Catholic Church had accumulated, and Protes-\\ntant congregations are occupying these buildings.\\nA reform movement, led by natives, and organized\\ninto a separate Church under the auspices of the\\nProtestant Episcopal Church, has a considerable\\n215", "height": "3444", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nfollowing. In South America the missionaries\\nhave less freedom and work under greater diffi-\\nculties. Progress, however, is beginning to be made.\\nThe history of the attempts made by the South\\nAmerican Society to reach the degraded peoples\\nof Tierra del Fuego and Patagonia is tragic, and the\\nblood of the martyrs was not shed in vain.\\nAll Italy has been open to Protestant mission-\\naries since the kingdom was reunited. The end\\nof the temporal power of the Pope and the removal\\nof the seat of the government of King Victor Eman-\\nuel from Turin to Rome was hailed by the Protestant\\nworld as well as the political as a most significant\\nevent, and missionary societies prepared almost im-\\nmediately to take advantage of it. Protestantism\\nwas already represented in Italy by the heroic little\\nChurch of the Waldensians. Missions were es-\\ntablished in the papal city and in other centers by\\nour own society, and by various other American\\nand English societies, including the Wesleyan.\\nThe results have not been large. The field has\\nproved a hard one. Prejudices are strong, and\\nProtestant requirements seem rigorous to people so\\nlong accustomed to a form of religion imposing\\nfew moral restraints.\\nSpain, like Italy, is stubborn ground for mis-\\nsionary endeavor. The American Board and\\nseveral English societies have interests there which\\nare developing very slowly.\\nFrance, though dominantly Roman Catholic,\\n216", "height": "3444", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nalso recognizes and supports other religions, in-\\ncluding the Reformed, representing the old Hugue-\\nnotic Protestants, and the Jews. The Reformed\\nChurch is pervaded with Rationalism. There is the\\nFree Church, a small Protestant body, and missions\\nconducted by the English Wesleyans, by a few\\nsmall American societies and, most important of\\nall, by what is known as the McAll mission, an\\nundenominational movement supported by Prot-\\nestants in the United States, England and Scot-\\nland.\\nAustria is almost wholly Roman Catholic, ex-\\ncepting Hungary where there is a large Reformed\\nelement, generally Rationalistic. The American\\nBoard has missions in the empire, and so have the\\nMoravians. There is religious toleration but not\\nreligious liberty, and missionaries are restricted in\\ntheir operations.\\n2. Missions Among Oriental Christians.\\nThere are some half dozen or more ancient\\nChurches in Eastern lands, usually called Oriental\\nor Eastern Churches including the orthodox Greek\\nChurch which is the State Church in Russia and\\nin Greece the Armenians, the Nestorians, the\\nJacobites, the Copts of Egypt, and the Abyssinian\\nChristians. The Greek Church is due to the\\ndivision over the doctrine of the procession of the\\nSpirit; the Western or Latin Christians holding\\nthat the Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father and\\nthe Son, and the Eastern or Greek Christians that\\n217", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nhe proceeds from the Father alone. The Armenian\\nChurch is the result of an earlier division on the\\nquestion of one nature and one person of Christ.\\nThey agree with the Greeks as to the procession of\\nthe Spirit and on other points, and also with Roman\\nCatholics in several particulars. The Nestorians\\ndeny that the human and divine in Christ combined\\nto form one nature, hence they are anti-monophy-\\nsites. The Jacobites are monophysite Christians\\nfound chiefly in Syria and parts of Turkey. The\\nCoptic is a very ancient Church of Egypt and the\\nAbyssinian is a corrupt combination of Christian\\nand Jewish elements.\\nThe missions of the American Board in Turkey,\\nof the Presbyterian Board in Syria and Persia and\\nof our own Society in Bulgaria are chiefly to\\nthe Greeks, Armenians, Jacobites and Nestorians.\\nGreat success has attended these efforts of the\\nAmerican Board and the Presbyterian Board and\\nthousands have accepted the gospel, and converted\\nministers of the old faiths have become pastors and\\nactive evangelists. Our mission in Northern\\nBulgaria has had great difficulties to meet and has\\nbut little progress to report. The Church of Eng-\\nland, by means of what is known as the Arch-\\nbishops Assyrian Mission has sought to reform the\\nAssyrian or Nestorian Christians within their own\\nChurch. These bodies of oriental Christians have\\nsuffered great persecutions by the Turks. The\\nmost recent, a few years ago, was so violent and\\n218", "height": "3448", "width": "2208", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nbloody that the Christian world stood aghast, but\\nfor political reasons declined to interfere. Chris-\\ntians, both of the old faiths and of the new intro-\\nduced by missionaries, were given their choice of\\nthe acceptance of Islam or the sword, with unspeak-\\nable degradation for the women of their households.\\nIn the presence of such a horrible menace they\\nproved that they were made of the stuff of martyrs.\\nThey would not deny the Christ, and fell in awful\\nslaughter, leaving their women to even a worse fate.\\nConstantinople is a center of evangelical influence\\nin connection with the educational and publication\\nwork of the American Board and Bible distribution\\nby the American Bible Society. Among the Copts\\nin Egypt the United Presbyterians of the United\\nStates have carried on a successful evangelical and\\neducational work, assisted by several English so-\\ncieties. Nothing has yet been done for the\\nAbyssinians, who are not accessible in their own\\ncountry.\\n3. Missions in Protestant Countries. These\\nare in Europe. Attention was drawn to the need\\nof a more spiritual and earnest type of Christianity\\nin Germany and Scandinavia by natives of those\\ncountries who visited the United States and got\\ninto a warmer religious atmosphere. Consequently,\\nextensive missionary operations are carried on by\\nour own Society in Germany, Switzerland, and the\\nScandinavian countries, and by the Baptists in the\\nsame lands, and also by the United Brethren in\\n219", "height": "3444", "width": "2240", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nChrist and the Evangelical Association in Germany.\\nWe also have missions among the Finns of Russia\\nand in St. Petersburg. The results are regarded as\\nhelpful in preparing men and women for an active\\nChristian life and in awakening a more earnest\\nspirit in the old Churches.\\nII. MISSIONS TO MOHAMMEDAN POPULATIONS.\\nIslam, or the religion of Mohammed, was a\\nstrong protest against the polytheistic systems that\\nprevailed when the prophet arose. It declares\\nthat there is but one God, and Mohammed is his\\nprophet. It inculcates temperance, but practices\\npolygamy, begets an intense devotional spirit, but\\nis unmindful of some of the virtues and makes its\\nconverts by the sword. It has followers to the num-\\nber perhaps of 175,000,000. These are found in\\nthe Turkish Empire, whose Sultan is the head of\\nthe faith; in Arabia and Persia; in Morocco, Al-\\ngeria, the Great Desert, the Soudan, and other\\nAfrican countries; in India, Afghanistan, Baluchis-\\ntan, and countries of Central Asia, and the Malay\\nPeninsula and archipelago. Little or no mis-\\nsionary work has been done among the Moslems of\\nTurkey by the American Board, as the Government\\nwould not allow it. Evangelical influences have in\\na few cases reached them, however, but they could\\nnot openly avow a change of religion without\\ndanger of being suddenly and secretly cut off. A\\nnumber of converts known to the missionaries dis-\\n220", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nappeared, some years ago, and never were seen or\\nheard of again. Moslems have purchased the\\nScriptures and it is believed that the great work of\\nthe American Board has impressed them, and that,\\nif they were free to renounce Islam, Christianity\\nmight make converts among them. The mission-\\naries working in Persia and Arabia are under the\\nsame limitations. In Egypt direct work is possible\\namong the Moslems, and the United Presbyterian\\nBoard of the United States and the Church Mission-\\nary Society of England have in their schools many\\nhundred Moslem boys and girls who are receiving\\na Christian training. One society is operating in\\nMorocco. There are in India about 60.000,000\\nMohammedans. They are, of course, accessible to\\nmissionary influences. The universities, various\\nChristian schools, medical missions, and the per-\\nsonal character and work of the missionaries con-\\ntinue to impress the Moslem that there is truth in\\nChristianity. Great numbers however have not em-\\nbraced it. Among the effective ministers in our own\\nConferences in India are men won from Islam. How\\nmany there are among our lay members we have\\nno way of determining. The greatest successes\\nhave been among the Mohammedans of Java and\\nSumatra. Islam is said to be making fewer con-\\nverts from the heathen there than Christianity is\\nfrom Islam. The missionaries seem to have found\\na direct way to the hearts of these people.\\nThe foundations have been laid for missionary\\n221", "height": "3448", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nwork among the followers of the false prophet.\\nThe Arabic Bible will plead the cause of Christian-\\nity powerfully. Political influences of a disinte-\\ngrating character at work in Turkey and Persia\\nmay make Mohammedan fields, now among the\\nhardest before the Christian missionary, easier and\\nmore fruitful in the near future.\\nIII. MISSIONS TO THE JEWS\\nThe Jew is everywhere. He is the truest of\\ncosmopolites. He is at home in every country and\\namong every people. Christianity does not have\\nto go to him, he comes to it. There are supposed\\nto be over 7,000,000 of the representatives of the\\nrace into which Christ was born, the bulk of whom\\nare in European countries. Though singularly\\ntenacious of their racial pecularities and of their\\nreligion, they are coming into the Christian\\nChurch constantly, here and there one. We have\\norganized in the United States no special agencies\\nto reach them, but our own Society, with others,\\nhas one or more missionaries working among\\nthem. In Great Britain there are a number of so-\\ncieties established specially for the conversion of\\nJews, and their fields are in Europe, Asia and\\nAfrica.\\nIV. MISSIONS TO THE HEATHEN OF ASIA\\nIn Asia, the cradle of civilization and of Christian-\\nity, we find the greatest and densest heathen popu-\\n222", "height": "3428", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nlations in the world. China, India, Japan, Korea\\nand Indo-China have 750,000,000 people, accord-\\ning to the latest estimates; more than one half of\\nthe population of the globe. Not all of these are\\nheathen, but when we deduct the sixty or seventy\\nmillions of Mohammedans and the Christians, who\\ndo not rise into the millions, we still have a mass\\nof 675,000,000 or 680,000,000 persons who in\\ntheir blindness, bow down to wood and stone. The\\nfigures are appalling, and so are the facts of social,\\nmoral and religious conditions. The religions\\nrepresented are chiefly Confucianism, Hinduism,\\nBuddhism, Taoism and Shintoism. But it will be\\nmost convenient to consider this vast subject by\\nfields rather, than by religions, making these divi-\\nsions 1. India; 2. China; 3. Japan; 4. Korea;\\n5. French Indo-China and Siam.\\n1. Missions to the Heathen in India. We\\ninclude under this term India, Ceylon and Burma,\\nover which British rule extends, excepting Nepaul,\\nand several native and foreign States. The people\\nof India are divided as to race, on the basis of lan-\\nguage, as follows: 1, Aryan stock, covering most of\\nIndia, except the lower end of the peninsula, and\\nincluding the Hindi, the Bengali, the Marathi, the\\nSindhi and the Punjabi tongues: 2, the Dravidian,\\ncovering the southern part of the peninsula, and in-\\ncluding the Tamil, the Telugu, the Kanarese; 3,\\nKolarian, covering minute areas and embracing the\\nhill tribes of Central India; 4, Burmo-Tibetan.\\n223", "height": "3440", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ncovering Nepaul and Burma. Each of these groups\\nof languages contains numerous dialects the Dra-\\nvidian, twelve principal variations; the Kolarian,\\nnine the Burmo-Tibetan, twenty and the Aryan a\\nvast number, making in all some 300 dialects spoken\\nin India. In religion, the people may be classified as\\nHindus, constituting four fifths of the population;\\nMohammedans, 60,000,000; Buddhists, about 3,-\\n500,000: Sikhs and Jains 1,750,000, and Parsis\\n75,000. Hinduism, with its trinity, its doctrine of\\ntransmigration, its Brahminic code of ceremonies\\nand observances, and its intricate and devilish caste\\nsystem, holds its followers in the most abject re-\\nligious and social bondage. As Dr. Duff said of it,\\nUnlike Christianity, which is all spirit and life,\\nHinduism is all letter and death. Buddhism is\\na more humane system than Hinduism, but is agnos-\\ntic or atheistic, has no doctrine of definite personal\\nimmortality, and is a pessimistic system. Sikhism\\nis a modification of Hinduism, Jainism is a mixture\\nof Buddhism and Hinduism, and Parsiism is the\\nreligion of Zoroaster.\\nThe Danish missionaries, Ziegenbalg and Pliits-\\nchau, were the first Protestants to carry Christianity\\nto the caste-ridden heathen of India. They went\\nto Tranquebar in South India in 1705 but little was\\ndone until English control became firm and strong\\nand Parliament, in 18 14, allowed Christian evangel-\\nization to be undertaken. Almost all the great mis-\\nsionary societies, American, British and Conti-\\n224", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nnental, are represented in India. The first missions\\nof the American Board and the American Baptist\\nMissionary Union were begun in that great country,\\nwith which we include Burma. The Methodist\\nEpiscopal Church came much later into the field,\\nits mission having been founded by Dr. Wm.\\nButler in 1856. We have now, as the result of\\nthat modest beginning, five Annual Conferences and\\none Mission Conference, and between 75,000 and\\n80,000 communicants. For many years missions in\\nIndia had little encouragement. Among the first\\nto receive the gospel were those of the lower castes\\nand outcasts; but the leaven has worked its way\\nupward and even the intensely religious Brahmin\\nhas been affected by it. The relief given to sufferers\\nby the great famines has powerfully impressed the\\nheathen mind, and the most notable ingatherings\\nof the Church Missionary and other societies fol-\\nlowed one of these exhibitions of Christian love and\\ncare. Christianity is growing daily in influence and\\npower and is slowly but surely undermining the old\\nreligious systems, which for so many centuries have\\nstood as barriers to all social, religious and intellec-\\ntual progress.\\n2. Missions to the Heathen in China. China\\nis the most populous country of the globe. It is\\ncredited wifh over 400,000,000 people, inhabiting an\\narea considerably larger than the United States.\\nIt is a very ancient country, with a very long\\nhistory. Events are traced back to 2205 B. C.\\n(15) 225", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nBefore that were legendary and mythological\\nperiods, the latter including the creation of the\\nworld, by Pwanku, with a mallet and chisel. The\\ncountry has been variously known as Cathay to the\\nPersians, Seres to the Latins, by other countries in\\nAsia as Jin, Sin, etc., and by the Chinese themselves\\nas Tien Ha, signifying the world.\\nChina was practically closed to foreigners until\\nthe close of the war with Great Britain, in 1842,\\nwhen five ports were opened first to the English\\nand then to other nations. By the treaty of Tientsin,\\nat the close of the second war with Great Britain,\\ntoleration of Christianity, residence of foreign\\nministers at Peking and freedom to travel in the\\nempire were secured, though the terms of the treaty\\nhad to be enforced by the allied powers in i860.\\nThe language, different from all other modern\\nlanguages, has several dialects, the chief of which\\nare the Mandarin, or Court language, the Cantonese,\\nthe Amoy and the Fuhchau dialects. There is also\\na book language, called the Wen-li. The three chief\\nsystems of religion are the Confucian, Taoist and\\nBuddhist. These systems coexist without serious\\nantagonisms. Individuals may, and do, accept all\\nthree without being deemed inconsistent. One may,\\nhowever, be a Confucianist without accepting any\\nfeatures of the other two religions but Taoists and\\nBuddhists are usually also Confucianists. The\\nbody of the people may, therefore, be fairly termed\\nConfucianists distinctively.\\n226", "height": "3448", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe worship of ancestors, the real religion of\\nthe Chinese, is part of the Confucian system; next\\nto this reverence for departed parents is the respect\\npaid to the influence of wind and water, Fung\\nShwui. Sacrifices are made to rain, wind, thunder,\\netc., and the religion of the people is characterized\\nby superstition and fear. Things living and things\\ndead, spirits, the winds, water, stars, eclipses, un-\\nlucky days, etc., enter into the thoughts of the\\npeople and control their actions. There is no caste,\\nbut class distinctions are recognized, the greatest\\nhonor being paid to the scholar; the farmer comes\\nsecond, the artisan third and the trader fourth.\\nSt. Thomas, according to tradition, first preached\\nthe gospel to the Chinese. The Nestorians are\\nknown to have been in the empire as early as 505\\nA. D. The Catholics began missionary work in\\n1292, were subsequently expelled and began again\\nin 1586. They made many converts and gained\\nmuch influence, but were banished in 161 8. Some\\ntraces of Catholicism remained when missions\\nwere renewed after the treaties which proclaimed\\ntoleration.\\nRobert Morrison, the first Protestant missionary\\nto China, was sent out in 1806 by the London Mis-\\nsionary Society, reaching Canton in 1807. Shortly\\nafter he had to retire to Macao, belonging to\\nPortugal, and there prepared for missionary work.\\nTwo other missionaries were sent out by the\\nLondon Society, one in 18 13, the third in 1822.\\n227", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nThe American Board was the second society to\\nenter the field, sending the Rev. E. C. Bridgman\\nto Canton in 1829. The Methodist was the tenth\\nsociety to seek the establishment of a mission in\\nthe great empire. It was one of six societies which\\ndid this in the year 1847.\\nThe mission centers multiplied, new provinces\\nwere gradually opened, and nearly all parts of the\\nvast territory are now occupied. Naturally, slow\\nprogress was made for a quarter of a century or\\nmore in gaining converts. The great dislike for\\nforeigners, the prevalent superstitions, the bitter\\nantagonism of the literary class, the opium habit,\\nand other difficulties, have barred the way of Chris-\\ntainity,but it is gradually overcoming these obstacles.\\nIn 1877 there were 13,515 communicants connected\\nwith Protestant societies; thirteen years later this\\nnumber had been nearly trebled 37,287. Chris-\\ntianity is surely gathering momentum, and its out-\\nlook for the twentieth century is very promising.\\n3. Missions to the Heathen in Japan. Japan\\nis the foreign name for Dai Nippon (great day-\\nspring). It has a population of over 41,000,000.\\nThey are a bright, enterprising people, and are\\nsometimes called the French of Asia. They are\\nquick to accept Western civilization, and seem to\\nhave none of the sluggishness of the Chinese. In\\nreligion, they are generally Buddhists. Shintoism\\nis the state religion. It was doubtless founded on\\nancestor-worship. The great Roman Catholic,\\n228", "height": "3444", "width": "2224", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nFrancis Xavier, introduced Christianity into Japan in\\n1 549, and it obtained a considerable foothold but it\\nwas severely persecuted and declined in influence.\\nWhen Japan was opened by treaty in 1859, three\\nhundred and ten years after Xavier began his mis-\\nsion, Roman Catholics, Russian Orthodox and\\nProtestant missionaries went into the empire to-\\ngether. Of the Protestant missionaries, the first to\\narrive were representatives of the Protestant\\nEpiscopal Church; next, of the American Presby-\\nterian, and, third, of the Reformed (Dutch) Church\\nin America. There was really little opportunity for\\nmissionary work until after the revolution of 1868.\\nThe language was a difficulty, the people were sunk\\nlow in morals, and the government watchful and\\nsuspicious. But by degrees the missionaries\\nsecured the attention and confidence of the people,\\nand their work has been attended with great success.\\nThe Presbyterian and Reformed Missions united in\\norganizing, in 1877, the Church of Christ in\\nJapan, which is a large and very influential body.\\nJapan is apparently an attractive field, as a great\\nnumber of societies are represented in it. The\\nresults have been very encouraging. The Japanese\\nChristian is quite independent in spirit, and has\\naccepted very readily the idea of self-support. The\\nnative ministers are an able, earnest body of men,\\nquite ready to take the responsibility of preaching,\\nevangelizing and organizing, when the time shall\\ncome for the withdrawal of. the missionaries. As\\n229", "height": "3448", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nindicating the readiness with which the Japanese\\naccept Western ideas, it may be added that the\\ngovernment has carried the secular idea of education\\nso far as to refuse recognition to graduates of\\nschools in which religion is taught.\\n4. Missions to the Heathen in Korea. The\\nHermit Kingdom, so called because it so persistently\\nkept its doors closed to the commercial world,\\nentered into treaty relations with the United States\\nin 1882, and later with other nations. It has a\\npopulation of about 10,500,000 of the Mongolian\\ntype. The Korean language is widely different\\nboth from the Chinese and Japanese, though the\\ncharacter of the former is used in writing. It has\\nan alphabet which is said to compare favorably in\\nmany points with the best known in other countries.\\nFormerly the Buddhist was the religion of the\\npeople, but for some centuries Confucianism has\\nbeen decidedly in the ascendant. Catholicism was\\nintroduced near the end of the eighteenth century\\nby Koreans who had become acquainted with it in\\nPeking. It was received with favor, but was sub-\\nsequently greatly persecuted, several thousand native\\nmembers perishing at one time. When Korea was\\nopened by the treaties of 1882 there were, it is es-\\ntimated, not fewer than 50,000 Roman Catholics in\\nthe kingdom. The first Protestant missionary to\\nenter upon work in Korea was Dr. N. H. Allen, of\\nChina. He arrived in the fall of 1884. Dr. R.\\nS. Maclay^ of the Methodist mission in Japan, had\\n230", "height": "3448", "width": "2272", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nvisited the country previously, and as soon as his\\nreport could be acted upon Dr. Wm. B. Scranton\\nand the Rev. H. G. Appenzeller were appointed as\\nmissionaries. They reached the field in 1885.\\nOther societies have established missions, and the\\noutlook is promising.\\n5. Missions to the Heathen in French Indo-\u00c2\u00ab\\nChina and Siam. The Kingdom of Siam forms\\na part of the Indo-China peninsula. It has a\\npopulation of nearly 6,000,000, the majority of\\nwhich consists of Siamese and Shans. Their\\nlanguage is monosyllabic and is distinguished by\\ntones, like the Chinese. Buddhism is the prevailing\\nreligion and it has a very strong hold upon the\\npeople. A form of Shamanism, or demon worship,\\nalso coexists with Buddhism. Dr. Karl Gutzlaff,\\nof the Netherlands, and Mr. Tomlin of the London\\nMissionary Society, visited Bangkok in 1828, and set\\nto work there, appealing to America for missionaries\\nto occupy the field. The American Board sent Dr.\\nAbeel in 1831, but none of these missionaries re-\\nmained very long. Successors to Dr. Abeel were\\nsent out in 1834. The American Baptist Missionary\\nUnion also entered the field from Burma, and the\\nPresbyterian Board founded a mission at Bangkok\\nin 1848. These missions were to the Siamese. In\\n1867 work was begun among the Laos tribes, in the\\nnorthern part of the kingdom. For a time perse-\\ncution was visited upon the missionaries and con-\\nverts, but since the death of the persecuting king at\\n231", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nChieng-Mai, and the accession of a new king at\\nBangkok, toleration has been the rule. The\\npresent king of Siam is an enlightened and liberal\\nmonarch, and the missions have enjoyed the royal\\nfavor. The Presbyterian Board, at the Presbyterian\\nreunion in 1870 in this country and the withdrawal\\nof Presbyterian contributions to the American\\nBoard, received the missions of the latter organi-\\nzation in Siam. The country is now open to\\nevangelistic effort, and the missionaries believe that\\nbright and promising days are before them.\\nFrench Indo-China embraces Cambodia, Cochin-\\nChina, Anam and Tonkin, all under French rule.\\nThere are no missions in this section of the penin-\\nsula except those conducted by the Roman Catholic\\nChurch.\\nV. MISSIONS TO UNCIVILIZED HEATHEN\\nThe countries embraced in this division are those\\nof Africa South of the Great Desert, the Indian\\ntribes of North and South America, and the island\\ngroups of the Pacific, the South Seas and elsewhere.\\nThe work among the Indians of the United States\\nand Alaska is properly home mission work and need\\nnot be considered here. What is done in the Do-\\nminion of Canada and British America is done\\nchiefly by the Canadian Churches, and by the\\nChurch of England Societies. Greenland is mis-\\nsionary ground of the Moravian and Danish Mis-\\nsionary Societies. The savages of Patagonia are\\n232", "height": "3448", "width": "2260", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nbeing reached in some measure by the South Ameri-\\ncan Missionary Society, of England. These people\\nwere so low in the scale of human intelligence that\\nwhen Darwin, the celebrated naturalist, first came\\ninto contact with them, he doubted whether they\\nwere capable of being taught. They seemed to be\\nall animal. But the patient labors of the mission-\\naries brought results which convinced the scientist\\nthat even the Fuegians or Patagonians are capable\\nof development, intellectually, morally and reli-\\ngiously.\\ni. Missions in Africa. Africa, so far as the\\ninterior was concerned, was almost a sealed book\\nuntil the explorations of Rebmann, Speke and Bur-\\nton were continued and completed by Livingstone\\nand Stanley and others. The countries on the\\ncoast line, from the Gulf of Aden on the east\\naround the Cape of Good Hope to Senegal on the\\nwest, have long been known, and the world has\\nhad important commercial relations with them.\\nFormerly these commercial relations often involved\\nthe exchange of goods for slaves. The United\\nStates, the West India Islands and other countries\\nhad Negro slaves in this way; but the conscience\\nof Christian nations was aroused on this subject,\\nand the iniquitous traffic was gradually abolished,\\nand slavery is now everywhere at an end except\\namong Mohammedans and savages. The African\\nrace is known in all parts of the civilized world, and\\nenlightened peoples, like those of our own country,\\n233", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nhave had an excellent opportunity to study its capaci-\\nties and characteristics. Superstitious, cruel, de-\\ngraded savages, often cannibals, in their natural\\nstate, in their own continent, Negroes have come to\\nthe front rank in all that constitutes noble manhood,\\nwhere the right conditions were afforded them. It\\nis said that such was the contempt in which the\\nearly Dutch settlers of South Africa held the Hot-\\ntentots, that the legend, Dogs and Hottentots not\\nadmitted, was sometimes placed over their church\\ndoors. Yet Hottentots and Bushmen, at the bottom\\nof the intellectual scale, have under missionary\\nteaching and influence made good Christians and\\ngood Christian preachers and pastors. Cape Colony,\\nthe Transvaal and the Orange Free State, the\\nformer under English rule, the latter independent or\\nsemi-independent states, are European in popula-\\ntion largely. Liberia is a republic, founded under\\nAmerican auspices and colonized by American\\nNegroes. European interests are more extensive\\non the West Coast than on the East, and Protestant\\nmissions were early established in the countries\\nbordering on the Gulf of Guinea. The climate was\\nso fatal to foreigners that this portion of the conti-\\nnent has been called the white man s grave. Mis-\\nsionary after missionary has fallen, and yet, in the\\nspirit of the hero Cox, though perhaps a thousand\\nhave fallen Africa has not been given up. The\\nclimate has been one difficulty, the slave traffic\\nanother, the rum traffic still another and the savage\\n234", "height": "3460", "width": "2288", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nsuperstitions a fourth. These have not been en-\\ncountered in equal degree in all parts of Africa, for\\nthe interior is salubrious and parts of South Africa\\nare reasonably healthy. In the last quarter of\\nthe nineteenth century missionary enterprise in\\nAfrica has developed wonderfully. Societies have\\npushed into the interior, along the great Congo\\nRiver and its tributaries, and are reaching tribes\\nunknown before Stanley s great discoveries; they\\nhave at great cost planted missions on the shores of\\nthe Victoria Nyanza, Lake Tanganyika and else-\\nwhere in the very heart of the continent. To\\nStanley s appeal for missionaries for King Mtesa s\\npeople in Uganda, at the north end of Lake Victoria,\\nthe Church Missionary Society promptly responded,\\nand its expedition marched over 800 miles, along a\\nscarcely known caravan route, and reached its des-\\ntination. Amid encouragements and discourage-\\nments, revolutions, massacres and oppression, the\\nmissionaries have labored these years, and the results\\nalready justify the immense outlay of treasure and\\nlabor and life. The kingdom is becoming a Chris-\\ntian kingdom, and the Spirit of God is taking the\\nplace, in the hearts of the people, of the Lubari,\\ndreadful spirits of the lake. The London Society is\\nsimilarly established on the shores of Lake Tangan-\\nyika and Scotch societies on those of Lake Nyassa.\\nEvery year the slave raids are being reduced, and\\nthe cruel Arab slave stealers are so hemmed in with\\nChristian mission stations that their inhuman busi-\\n235", "height": "3448", "width": "2176", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nness is well-nigh destroyed. It is not possible to\\npass in review all the countries where missionary\\neffort is seeking to evangelize and enlighten the\\npeople. The Protestant world has numerous repre-\\nsentatives on the East and West Coasts, in the South\\nand in the interior, preaching, teaching, healing\\nand fitting the people for peaceful industrial pur-\\nsuits. Loveclale Institution, in South Africa, is a\\ncenter of light and influence, preparing men for the\\nministry, for teaching and for various industrial\\nand mechanical vocations.\\nThe partition of Africa among the European\\nnations assures the early suppression of what re-\\nmains of the terrible slave traffic, the gradual in-\\ncrease of peace conditions, the building of roads and\\ntelegraphs, and the commercial development of\\ntheir various spheres of influence. England, Ger-\\nmany, and France are busy with railroad enterprises\\nwhich will connect the interior with the Coast, and\\ntelegraph lines which will make it possible to flash\\nmessages from old Ujiji and the capital of Uganda\\nto any part of the civilized world.\\n2. Missions in Madagascar. Madagascar,\\na considerable island off the East Coast of\\nAfrica, deserves a separate paragraph. Its chief\\ntribe, educated and developed by Christian mission-\\nary enterprise, had become a Christian people with\\na Christian government and Christian institutions.\\nThey were evangelizing the heathen tribes and con-\\nstantly extending the area of Christian civilization,\\n236", "height": "3448", "width": "2280", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nwhen France began a war of conquest a few years\\nago, and subjugated the island. French policy\\nrepresses Protestant endeavor and encourages\\nCatholic enterprise. It is feared that the result will\\nbe disastrous to the work of the London Missionary\\nSociety and that of the English Society of Friends,\\nto which belongs the honor of having won these\\npeople from heathenism and savage superstitions.\\n3. Missions in the South Seas. The islands\\nof the South Seas have been scenes of thrilling\\ninterest in missionary history. Included in this\\nsomewhat indefinite term are the Ladrones, the\\nCaroline, Marshall and Gilbert groups, belonging\\nto Micronesia, and New Guinea, and the Solomon,\\nNew Hebrides, Ellice and Fiji groups, in Melanesia.\\nIn the Micronesian groups the people are of the\\nbrown Polynesian race. When first discovered they\\nwere a fierce people. They would rob ships and kill\\nthe crew, and in some cases cannibal feasts were\\nheld. Their religion was a kind of spiritism.\\nThey were, of course, degraded and immoral,\\nthough they acquired vices from civilized visitors\\nMissionaries of the American Board began work in\\nthe Carolines in 1852, assisted by Hawaiians. The\\nfirst five years were years of discouragement; the\\nsecond five years were years of excellent results.\\nThe work was extended in the Caroline and to the\\nGilbert and Marshall groups, and later to the Mort-\\nlocks. Converts from Ponape inaugurated the mis-\\nsion in the Mortlocks. Of the 85,000 population in\\n237", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nMicronesia, upward of 50,000 have heard the\\ngospel, and great social and other changes have been\\nwrought by Christian ideas.\\nIn Melanesia, the Fijian and New Hebridean\\ngroups deserve most particular notice. The Fijians,\\na cross between the Malay and Papuan or Negro\\ntypes, held preeminence for cruelty, wickedness and\\nsavagery. They were fierce warriors who killed\\nand ate their enemies, made away with aged rela-\\ntives, destroyed widows, and sacrificed slaves. They\\nwere a terror to shipwrecked crews. Their chief\\ndeity was a large serpent, and the spirits of heroes\\nand chiefs were worshiped. The Wesleyan Mis-\\nsionary Society of England began missionary work\\namong them in 1835, as the result of a revival in\\nthe Friendly Islands, some of the Friendly Island\\nconverts being with the missionary party. It was\\na hard field, and history says that perhaps there\\nnever was another such struggle between light and\\ndarkness, truth and error, as that which took place\\nin the course of the Fiji mission, but the mission-\\naries would not give up, and the kingdom of Satan\\nhad to. A moral, social and religious revolution\\nwas the result, and Fijians were among the mission-\\naries who carried the gospel later on to New\\nGuinea and were martyred there. In the New Heb-\\nrides, where Scotch and Canadian Presbyterians\\nhave exemplified the faithfulness and courage of\\nthe apostles of the first century, similar results have\\ncome to bless missionary labors and certify to the\\n238", "height": "3448", "width": "2276", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\npower of God to change the human heart. New\\nGuinea is one of the later scenes of gospel triumph.\\nThis island in size is second only to Australia. The\\nnatives are a fierce, superstitious Negro race. The\\nLondon and Wesleyan Societies have been at work\\nin the English territory, and continental societies in\\nthe German and Dutch portions.\\n4. Missions in Other Islands. Other Poly-\\nnesian groups are the Friendly, the Marquesas, the\\nCooks, the Society and other well-known series.\\nThe Friendly or Tonga Islands, like Fiji, have been\\nwon from a state of heathen cannibalism by Wesley-\\nan missionaries; the Marquesas have been evangel-\\nized by Hawaiians; Cook s, or Hervey and Society,\\nby the London Missionary Society. The Church of\\nEngland and Wesleyan Societies have done a great\\nwork among the natives of New Zealand, and the\\nMoravians among the black aborigines of Australia.\\nThe Indian archipelago is largely a Mohammedan\\nfield and has been referred to under that division;\\nthe Philippines, recently ceded to the United States\\nby Spain, contain a large mixed population, among\\nwhich the Roman Catholic Church has been long\\nat work. These islands are now missionary ground\\nfor American societies and Protestant missionaries\\nare already on the ground.\\n239", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nCHAPTER XII\\nProgress at Home and Abroad\\nWhile it is to be lamented that the Church is still\\nso inadequately measuring up to the demands and\\nthe opportunities of foreign missionary work, it is,\\non the other hand, most encouraging to compare the\\nconditions as we approach the close of the century\\nwith those at its beginning.\\nThe great missionary societies of England started\\ninto being during the closing years of the eighteenth\\ncentury; and it was not until the end of the first\\ndecade of the present century that the first foreign\\nmissionary society was organized in America name-\\nly, the American Board of Commissioners for\\nForeign Missions, which dates from 1810. The\\nMissionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal\\nChurch followed in 18 19, but sent no missionary to\\na foreign field until nearly one third of the century\\nhad gone.\\nIn 1899 the number of missionary societies was\\n170; including auxiliary societies, about 500;\\nand their income was $15,361,000. There were\\n5,217 stations where missionaries resided, and about\\n14,000 out-stations. The number of organized\\nchurches was nearly 9,000. There were over 5,000\\nordained native preachers. The number of Sunday-\\n240", "height": "3444", "width": "2260", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nschools had grown to about 8,000, with 1,100,000\\nscholars. The number of communicants in the mis-\\nsion churches is 1,585,000. Dr. James S. Dennis\\nhas kindly given the following statistics in regard\\nto the educational work of foreign missions at the\\nclose of 1899\\nThere are 93 universities and colleges, in which\\nthere are 33,139 male pupils, and 2,275 female stu-\\ndents, making a total of 35,414. There are 358\\ntheological and training schools, in which there are\\n8,347 male and 3,558 female students; total, 11,905.\\nThere are 857 boarding and high schools, having 48,-\\n851 male and 34,297 female students; total, 83,148.\\nOf industrial training institutions and classes there\\nare 134, with 4,622 male and 1,687 female students;\\ntotal, 6,309. Of medical and nurses schools and\\nclasses there are 63, with 370 male and 219 female\\nstudents; total, 589. There are 128 kindergartens,\\nwith 4,359 pupils. Of village day-schools there are\\n18,742, with 616,722 boys and 287,720 girls under\\ninstruction; total 904,442.\\nThe complete summary of educational institutions\\nand schools of all kinds shows 20,375, m which\\nthere are 714,957 male and 331,209 female students;\\ntotal, 1,046,166.\\nThe Christian Endeavor Society, the Ep worth\\nLeague and other young people s societies are doing\\nvery effective work for missions, and are well repre-\\nsented in the foreign fields. The Epworth League\\nof the Methodist Episcopal Church, South, con-\\n(16) 241", "height": "3448", "width": "2168", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ntributed $20,000 to Foreign Missions last year, and\\nthere are 45 chapters in the foreign field. The\\nMethodist Episcopal Church has over 80 chapters in\\nChina alone.\\nThe first Bible Society was not organized until\\n1804. This was the British and Foreign Bible\\nSociety. The American Bible Society was formed\\nin 1 8 16. Now there are 80 Bible Societies, and\\nthey have produced more than 90 entire versions and\\n250 partial versions, and have circulated, in all,\\nabout 360,000,000 copies of the Scriptures.\\nIt was not until 1861 that the first Woman s For-\\neign Missionary Society was organized in the\\nUnited States. Now there are 38 in the United\\nStates, 9 in Canada, over 30 in Great Britain and the\\ncontinent of Europe, and a few others in other parts\\nof the world; probably about 80 in all.\\nAlong with this progress there has come naturally\\na great increase of intelligence. There is much\\nmore knowledge of the condition of the great races\\nand the smaller divisions of mankind than formerly.\\nNot only do the missionary periodicals regularly\\nbring to the churches the latest information from all\\nthe fields, but the church papers vie with each other\\nin presenting information in regard to the progress\\nand results of missionary labor, and even the secu-\\nlar papers are conveying to their readers many im-\\nportant facts bearing on missionary work.\\nWith increased intelligence there is of course\\nincreased interest. In many of the churches mis-\\n242", "height": "3448", "width": "2268", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nsionary zeal is fostered by special meetings at which\\nthe different fields are represented, and earnest\\nprayer offered growing out of special needs which\\nhave been brought to light.\\nThis increased intelligence and interest are not\\nonly manifested in the largely increased offerings,\\namounting in the Methodist Episcopal and Presby-\\nterian Churches to over a million of dollars annu-\\nally including in both cases the amounts con-\\ntributed by the women s societies but also in the\\nincreasing number of devoted young men and\\nwomen consecrating themselves to foreign mission-\\nary work. In this line the Student Volunteer move-\\nment is one of the marked signs of the times. When\\nmore than 8,000 young men and women in our\\nseminaries and colleges, including many of the best\\nand brightest students, voluntarily declare to the\\nchurches that they are ready to go wherever God\\nmay call them in the world-wide field, it certainly\\nindicates a cheering interest in the work on the part\\nof the future leaders of thought in the church.\\nThe recent tour of Mr. John R. Mott in the interest\\nof a federation of Christian students is remarkable,\\nboth in showing how heartily the great missionary\\nidea is embraced by students all around the world\\nand also in showing the great progress of Christian\\nmissions as evidenced by the fact that in Egypt, in\\nIndia, in China and Japan, he found hundreds of\\nearnest Christian students ready to join in a world-\\nwide movement of evangelism.\\n243", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nThe progress of the work is further emphasized\\nby such contrasts as the following\\nConsider Morrison starting out for China in\\n1807. He is unable to get passage in an English\\nvessel because the East India Company has control\\nof them all and does not wish to encourage the send-\\ning of missionaries to China so that he actually has\\nto come to New York in order to get to his chosen\\nfield. Remember that for thirty-five years after\\nthat the country was practically closed against mis-\\nsionary labor, and that it was only in 1842 that the\\ntreaty ports were opened, and an opportunity given\\nfor the entrance of Protestant missions. Bear in\\nmind that for many years after that the entire atti-\\ntude of the government was unfriendly, and that in\\nmany places it was impossible to obtain a foothold.\\nRemember that the Methodist Episcopal Mission,\\nwhich entered in 1847, na d to wait ten years for its\\nfirst convert, and that other missions had a similar\\nexperience.\\nOver against these facts place the following The\\nentire empire open to the preaching of Christianity,\\nand protection promised to Christians by imperial\\nproclamation; the mission which waited ten years\\nfor its first convert now having over 25,000 com-\\nmunicants Protestant Christianity with over 80,000\\ncommunicants; the Empress Dowager gratefully\\naccepting the elegant copy of the New Testament\\npresented to her on her sixtieth birthday by the\\nChristian women of China; Li Hung Chang, the\\n244", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0248.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\ngreat Viceroy, visiting foreign countries, and pub-\\nlicly testifying, in New York and elsewhere, his high\\nappreciation of the work of foreign missionaries in\\nhis country. In Manchuria, where there was not a\\nsingle Christian 25 years ago, there were, in 1888,\\n1,450. In ten years from that date the number had\\nincreased ten-fold, and at the end of 1898 was 15,-\\n490; there were 8,875 candidates waiting for bap-\\ntism, and the contributions of the members amounted\\nto $6,725.\\nThese are simply a few indications of the great\\nprogress which has been made, and of the hopeful\\noutlook for the future.\\nIn regard to India, bear in mind the violent oppo-\\nsition of the East India Company to the entrance of\\nCarey and other missionaries; the long history of\\nstruggles and difficulties the attempt to exterminate\\nChristianity by the Sepoy Rebellion in 1857. Then\\ncall to mind that the East India Company lowered\\nits flag to half-mast out of respect to Carey when he\\ndied, after forty years of faithful labor; that since\\nthe Sepoy Rebellion the Methodist Episcopal Mis-\\nsion in North and Northwest India alone has re-\\nceived over 72,000 communicants and that through-\\nout Hindostan there is a widespread spirit of in-\\nquiry, and a feeling even among many Hindoos and\\nMohammedans that Christianity is to be the future\\nreligion of the country.\\nRemember that it was only in 1859 that Japan\\nwas opened to the intercourse of foreign nations,\\n245", "height": "3448", "width": "2184", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0249.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nand that no open preaching- of Christianity was\\nallowed for many years after that date; and now\\nthere are 40,000 communicants, with about 300 or-\\ndained Japanese ministers. Remember that when\\nthe first Parliament of Japan assembled there were\\n13 Christians in the lower house and that one of\\nthem was chosen Speaker and that the Chief Justice\\nof the Supreme Court has been President of the\\nYoung Men s Christian Association in Tokyo.\\nRemember that the first Protestant missionaries\\nentered Korea in 1884 and that now seven mis-\\nsionary societies are at work there, with over seventy\\nmissionaries; that the king sent for Bishop Ninde\\nwhen he was about to leave the country, in 1895,\\nand in a personal interview asked that many more\\nChristian teachers might be sent to his country that\\nthe present Minister of Education is a graduate of\\nVanderbilt University, and an earnest Christian,\\nand that Mr. Phil Jaishon, the accomplished editor\\nof the leading newspaper of the country, is a Chris-\\ntian, and an ardent friend of missions and mission-\\naries.\\nRemember the triumphs of the gospel among\\nvarious tribes in Africa; the Fiji Islands barbarous\\nand cannibal at the beginning of the century so\\nthoroughly Christianized that it would be difficult\\nto find anywhere in the world a community where\\nso large a proportion of the population is to be found\\nat church on every Sabbath day; the Hawaiian\\nIslands, with their large Christian population and\\n246", "height": "3448", "width": "2208", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0250.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\ntheir self-supporting churches, sending out mission-\\naries to other islands.\\nIn short, the progress of the work is such as to\\ngive the greatest encouragement to all Christian\\nhearts, and to call for our profoundest gratitude.\\nIt is also a summons to deeper consecration and to\\nmore earnest effort to speedily take the gospel to\\nall mankind.\\n247", "height": "3444", "width": "2160", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0251.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nCHAPTER XIII\\nThe Outlook\\nWhen Adoniram Judson was asked, What is\\nthe prospect of the conversion of Burmah? his\\nanswer was, It is as bright as the promises of God.\\nThat answer could always be made, and was always\\nfull of comfort and hope. But foreign missions\\nhave long since passed the stage of experiment, the\\nyears of faithful seed-sowing and waiting in faith\\nfor the harvest. Already the toilers who have gone\\nforth with the precious seed, and have sown it amid\\nmany difficulties, come again with rejoicing,\\nbringing their sheaves with them.\\nThe whole world is practically open to the gospel.\\nThe millions of India are under the government of\\nChristian England. The first missionaries there\\nwere accustomed to see two funeral pyres built\\nwhen a man died, one for his dead body and the\\nother for the living body of his widow. She was\\nbound and laid upon the wood, to which fire was\\napplied, that she might go with him in the flames\\nto the other world to minister to him there as she\\nhad done here. But the suttee has long since been\\nabolished. Had any one said to Dr. William Butler,\\nwhen he returned to Bareilly after the ravages of\\nthe Sepoy Rebellion to find that the only native\\n248", "height": "3448", "width": "2204", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0252.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nChristian had been put to death, that in forty years\\nthere would be in that North India field 72,000 com-\\nmunicants and 30,000 adherents, making a Chris-\\ntian army of over 100,000 people, he would have\\ndeemed it a wild prophecy. Yet such is the fact\\nto-day, and he lived to see converts coming in at the\\nrate of fifty for every day in the year.\\nCaste has been a tremendous obstacle to the\\nprogress of Christianity in India, but since the\\nschools of Protestant Missions have begun to send\\nup their graduates to the university examinations\\nin Calcutta, and low caste boys and girls have taken\\nthe highest prizes over Brahmans in competition\\nwith them, caste has lost very much of its im-\\nportance and is gradually giving way.\\nIn China the haughty exclusion of everything\\nforeign with which the century began first gave\\nplace to the opening of treaty ports, and the\\nprivilege of travel within thirty miles of them.\\nFrom this condition of things to the recent procla-\\nmation of the Emperor that Christianity is good,\\nteaching men to do to others as they would others\\nshould do to them, and declaring toleration for it\\nand protection for its professors throughout the\\nwhole Empire, is a long step in the way of progress.\\nWhen Protestant Missions began their work in\\nChina the idea of that nation s sending a minister\\nto a foreign country would not have been suggested\\nas even a remote possibility. Had any one dared\\nto prophesy that before the close of the century she\\n249", "height": "3448", "width": "2244", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0253.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nwould send a Christian as her ambassador to the\\nUnited States he would have been deemed beside\\nhimself. Yet this has actually taken place. Since\\nthe war with Japan there has been an awakening to\\nthe need of Western arts and sciences, a demand is\\nmade for the study of the English language, and the\\nvenerable curriculum of studies for the literary\\nexaminations is actually being changed so as to\\ninclude some of the useful practical knowledge of\\nthe times in which we live. The telegraph is already\\nin operation over a large part of the empire and\\nextensive railway lines are soon to be built. Con-\\nverts are coming into the Church in large numbers,\\nand in some regions whole villages are asking for\\nChristian teachers.\\nAfrica, except a few points along the coast, was\\npractically an unknown continent at the opening of\\nthe century. Now about ten millions of square\\nmiles, or four fifths of her territory, are under the\\ncontrol of European nations. Mission stations are\\nbeing rapidly established along her great rivers and\\non her interior highlands. The dark continent is\\nopen to the enlightening influences of Christianity.\\nJapan offers a most inviting field to the efforts of\\nChristendom, and Korea, so long the Hermit\\nNation, now seeks the aid of Christian nations to\\nbring to her all the blessings of the most advanced\\ncivilization.\\nIn Roman Catholic countries, such as Italy, South\\nAmerica and Mexico, thousands of converts have\\n250", "height": "3448", "width": "2224", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0254.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nbeen gathered within a few years past, and the\\npreaching of an earnest gospel yields results in con-\\ngregations of people having a conscious experience\\nof salvation through Christ, and ready to endure\\npersecution or to face death itself for their faith.\\nAs has been shown in a previous chapter, to meet\\nthe demand created by the opening of the whole\\nworld to missionary effort there is no lack of candi-\\ndates for missionary service. Never before has\\nthere been such widespread interest in missionary\\nwork in the colleges and seminaries of the land.\\nNever before have so many of the students openly\\ndeclared themselves as rea dy and desirous to enter\\nupon work in the foreign field.\\nWhile the providential demand is so strong, and\\nthe supply of candidates at the same time so large,\\nthe money of the world is largely in the hands of\\nChristian people. The wealth of Christian nations\\nis constantly increasing and a very large share of it\\nis in the hands of members of Christian churches.\\nA Secretary of the Domestic and Foreign Mis-\\nsionary Society of the Protestant Episcopal Church\\nsaid not long ago that on a certain Sunday he had\\npreached to a church in which there were seven\\nmembers any one of whom could pay the entire\\nrunning expenses of that society out of his income\\nand not materially miss the money thus used.\\nIf the wealth of Christian people were only conse-\\ncrated to God s service in any degree proportionate\\nto the ability of the membership the providential\\n251", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0255.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\ndemands of the open field and the supply of earnest\\nlaborers at hand would be met by contributions\\nequal to every need. There ought to be a united\\neffort, on the part of Christian ministers and the\\ngodly laymen of the churches, to bring the tithes\\ninto God s storehouse, so that the great work of\\nevangelization may be pressed to speedy success.\\nThen, with cordial fellowship and cooperation\\namong the different denominations, the work can\\nbe systematically pushed forward to its accomplish-\\nment. The growing spirit of unity and mutual\\nhelpfulness is a presage of highest encouragement\\nfor the future. A more serious purpose to obey the\\nRedeemer s command, and to do it as speedily as\\npossible, is manifesting itself in many portions of\\nthe Church.\\nThe work is before us as one that can be done. It\\nis no longer a matter of theory, or one that appeals\\nsimply to faith. It is shown to be feasible from a\\ncool, business point of view. The means for its\\naccomplishment are visible, and are at hand. It is\\ntime to lay aside all excuses, to arouse the Church\\nfrom a guilty indifference, to sound from every pul-\\npit God s call to the immediate performance of duty,\\nto send out the best and brightest of our consecrated\\nyoung men and women, and to follow them with\\nsincere, earnest and unremitting prayer.\\nIn these days, when the faith of our godly fathers\\nand mothers has been surpassed by the actual suc-\\ncesses of the work before our eyes, when we stand\\n252", "height": "3448", "width": "2256", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0256.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nin the midst of accomplishments far beyond what we\\nhad dared to hope for, when God has shamed the\\nlittleness of our faith by the great blessings poured\\nout upon the mission fields of the Church, there\\nshould be no whisper of doubt, no hesitation in\\ninstant obedience, but a glad surrender of self and\\nof the means God has given us, a supreme deter-\\nmination of the Church of God to fulfill the divine\\nmandate of its Lord, and to usher in the time for\\nwhich we pray when we sing\\nSoon may the last glad song arise\\nThrough all the millions of the skies\\nThat song of triumph which records\\nThat all the earth is now the Lord s.\\n253", "height": "3448", "width": "2228", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0257.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "Foreign Missions of the\\nCHAPTER XIV\\nStatistics\\nThe statistics of the Methodist Episcopal For-\\neign Missions which follow are taken from the\\nlatest Annual Report that for 1899. The sum-\\nmaries of 1 The Foreign Missionary Societies of\\nthe Evangelical Churches of the United States\\n2. The Foreign Missionary Societies of Great\\nBritain and Ireland 3. The Foreign Missionary\\nSocieties of Canada 4. A General Summary of\\nProtestant Foreign Missions are those prepared\\nby the Rev. E. E. Strong, D.D., for the Almanac\\nof Missions, published by the American Board\\nof Foreign Commissioners, at Boston, the use of\\nwhich he kindly permits and which are prepared\\nwith great carefulness and accuracy.\\nIt should be borne in mind that all missions\\nin Protestant countries are excluded from Dr.\\nStrong s tables and that the amount of income\\nof the Societies includes only that portion of the\\nsame that is used for missions outside of Prot-\\nestant countries, and the sums contributed by\\nthe Missions are likewise restricted to missions\\nin non- Protestant lands. It should also be noted\\nthat the statistics include the Women s Societies\\nconnected with the various Boards.\\n254", "height": "3436", "width": "2260", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0258.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "Protestant Churches\\nThe figures given in the column for self-sup-\\nport in the statistics of the Methodist Episcopal\\nChurch include all sums contributed by the native\\nChristians for church building and repairs and\\ncurrent expenses, as well as for the support of the\\nministry; whereas those given in Dr. Strong s\\ntables are mostly confined to the contributions for\\npastoral support.\\nAll who have to do with the compilation of\\nstatistics realize the great difficulty of securing\\nabsolute accuracy. Terms employed are used in\\nsuch different senses by different Societies, meth-\\nods of reporting are so various, the inability or\\nneglect of some who furnish reports to fill up all\\nthe columns, thus leaving blanks where it is known\\nthat there must be figures which ought to be in-\\nserted, putting the compiler under the necessity\\nof leaving a blank, or of estimating from the best\\nsources available the amount which should be\\nfilled in the blank all these, and many other\\nthings that might be named, make the statisti-\\ncian s pathway a thorny road.\\nDr. James S. Dennis is now compiling what\\nwill no doubt prove the most accurate summary of\\nall departments of the Foreign Missionary work\\nof Protestant Christendom which has ever been\\npublished. It will be published in the forthcom-\\ning volumes of the Ecumenical Missionary Con-\\nference, which ought to be in possession of every\\nchurch and every pastor throughout the world.\\n255", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0259.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "TABLE\\nMethodist Episcopal\\nHEATHEN\\n03\\nDO\\n2\\na\\no\\n-3\\n2c\u00c2\u00a3\\nCO\\nCD\\nT3\\n03\\nd\\nCO\\nc\\n00\\nc\\nOft\\n^5\\nooC\\nS\\n03\\nU\\no\\n00\\n00\\na\\n60\\n3\\nu\\no\\n00\\ni\\nO\\n00\\nJot) oopCB\\n^2\\nHe cge\\n5.2 ,2a-2\\ngOO ffi S o3\\nS\\nO\\nI\\n*5\\n1\\n52\\n5\\n-Hco\\nOS\\n03 ,G\\nr 5\\n5\u00c2\u00a3\\n24\\no\\nC oo\\n25 A\\nC3\\n03\\nH\\n03\\n5\\n3\\nSB\\nO 13\\nig\\nJO\\no\\nCO\\ng\\nCO\\n1-1\\n03\\nc\\nI\\no\\n1\\nAfrica\\n24\\n18\\n9\\n1\\n7\\n11\\n83\\n125\\n2,723\\n546\\n3,269\\nChina\\n54\\n46\\n5\\n51\\n156\\n217\\n137\\n162\\n76\\n483\\n188\\n1,046\\n2,377\\n12,175\\n32,184\\n12,750\\n24,825\\n78,504\\nIndia\\n75\\n65\\n1\\n76\\n162\\n654\\n704\\n35\\n505\\n46,420\\nJapan\\n18\\n16\\n1\\n30\\n65\\n60\\n28\\n115\\n88\\n42\\n333\\n3,726\\n2,183\\nS,909\\nKorea\\n11\\n10\\n10\\n31\\n10\\n12\\n22\\n556\\n1,512\\n2,068\\nMalaysia\\n11\\n193\\n7\\n162\\n4\\n22\\n2\\n13\\n864\\n6\\n40\\n19\\n80\\n454\\n246\\n700\\nTotals\\n16 172\\n543\\n385\\n912\\n1,056\\n766\\n3,983\\n51,818\\n63,657\\n115,469\\nROMAN CATHOLIC AND\\nBulgaria\\nItaly\\nMexico\\nSouth America.\\nTotals\\n1\\n1\\n2 4\\n13\\n11\\n5\\n12\\n7\\n38\\n211\\n26\\n2\\n2\\n4 8\\n18\\n16\\n29\\n94\\n2\\n159\\n1,656\\n689\\n11\\n12\\n7 30\\n19\\n44\\n66\\n30\\n34\\n193\\n2,520\\n2,631\\n26\\n40\\n23\\n38\\n16\\n16\\n7 72\\n20 114\\n28\\n78\\n48\\n109\\n45\\n145\\n42\\n178\\n23\\n186\\n2,521\\n2,058\\n66\\n576\\n6,908\\n5,404\\n237\\n2,345\\n5,151\\n4,579\\n12,312\\nPROTESTANT\\nDenmark\\n19\\n2\\n43\\n64\\n3,070\\n247\\n3,317\\nFinland\\n1\\n2\\n12\\n15\\n672\\n250\\n922\\nGermany\\n1\\n1\\n2\\n117\\n25\\n425\\n569\\n13,840\\n4,375\\n18,215\\nNorway\\n45\\n,4\\n2\\n51\\n5,364\\n655\\n6,019\\nSweden\\n76\\n19\\n148\\n712\\n955\\n15,558\\n1,835\\n17,393\\nSwitzerland\\n44\\n6\\n124\\n7,174\\n1,129\\n8,303\\nTotals\\n1\\n1\\n2\\n302\\n58\\n148\\nl,268l\\n1,776\\n45,678\\n8,491\\n54,169\\nHeathen countries 193\\n162\\n16\\n172\\n543\\n385 864\\n912\\n1,056\\n766\\n3,983i 51,818\\n63,657\\n115,469\\nRoman Catholic\\nand Greek\\n40\\n38\\n16\\n20\\n114\\n78 109\\n145\\n178\\n66\\n576 6,908\\n5,404\\n12,312\\nProtestant\\n1\\n1\\n2\\n302 58\\n148 1,268\\n1,776! 45,678\\n8,491\\n54,169\\nTotals\\n234\\n201\\n32\\n192\\n659\\n765 1,031\\n1,205 2,502\\n832\\n6,335 104,404\\n77,552\\n181,950", "height": "3436", "width": "2288", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0260.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "No. 1.\\nForeign Missions,\\ncountries.\\n8\\n2\\n5\\ne3\\nSI\\ns\\n-2\\nCO\\nO\\naJ\\nt3\\nCD\\nT3\\n3\\nPi\\n3\\n3\\nCO\\ni\\n3\\ncS\\n03\\ns\\no\\no\\nas\\nO\\ns\\n3\\nS\\n2\\n3\\nso\\no\\no\\na;\\n3\\nsf\\n3\\nOo\\nCD\\n3\\nCO\\n1\\no\\nH\\nH\\nK\\nA\\naj\\nZiO\\nwx\\nO\\nX\\n122\\n161\\n283\\n86\\n2,880\\n57\\n$68,955\\nS\\n$2,169\\n2,322\\n1,426\\n3,748\\n32\\n770 6,827\\n14,421\\n227\\n155,639\\n1,143\\n463 22,493\\n6,455\\n5,338\\n11,793\\n103\\n653, 19,489\\n85,785\\n227\\n292,579\\n1,189\\n4,256, 80,353\\n499\\n446\\n945\\n25\\n1,051 1,825\\n8,346\\n50\\n53,537\\n201\\n271\\n6,309\\n354\\n107\\n461\\n75\\n1,042\\n15\\n7,053\\n648\\n65\\n29\\n94\\n1,194! 1,146\\n1,246\\n4\\n19,100\\n350\\n140\\n41,493\\n9,817\\n7,507\\n17,324\\n160\\n3,743! 29,373\\n113,720\\n580\\n$596,863\\n$2,883\\n$5,130\\n$153,465\\nGREEK CHURCH COUNTRIES.\\n154\\n92\\n33\\n60\\n239\\n580\\n33: 1\\n67 18\\n393 2\\n672 11\\n521 21\\n174 710\\n231 3,786\\n413 1,655\\n381\\n1,102\\n2,851\\n5,220\\n8\\n11\\n39\\n32\\n$18,1751\\n163,300\\n67,795\\n2 5,150\\nS44\\n349\\n353\\n630\\n$57, $848\\n5051 15,658\\n665 1 15,180\\n1,083 69,388\\n253\\n912\\n1,165 31\\n870 6,172\\n9,554\\n90\\n$544,420\\n$1,376\\n$2,810 $101,074\\nCOUNTRIES.\\nj 153\\n153\\n92 4,448\\n22 $145,437\\n$569\\n$257\\n$16,597\\n13\\n13\\n11\\n1.009\\n5 32,902\\n393\\n339\\n8,780\\n2 432\\n434\\n25\\n20,318\\n12Zi 925,693\\n1,999\\n7,837\\n75,422\\n6\\n365\\n371\\n5\\n6,509\\n47 190,830\\n1,099\\n771\\n26,397\\n1\\n280\\n281\\n11\\n18,231\\n122 365,241\\n4,952\\n2,179\\n67,055\\n196\\n196\\n18,128\\n42 333,592\\n2,087\\n9,427\\n49,869\\n9 1,439\\n1,448\\n52|\\n92 68,643\\n365 $1,993,695\\n$11,099\\n$20,810\\n$244,120\\n9,817\\n7,507\\n17,324! 160\\n3,743\\n29,373\\n113,720\\n253\\n9\\n912\\n1,439\\n1,165 31\\n1,448 52\\n870\\n6,172\\n92\\n9,554\\n68,643\\n10,079\\n9,858\\n19,937i 243\\n4,613\\n35,637\\n191,917\\n580] $596,863\\n90; 544,420\\n365 1,993,695\\n$2,883\\n1,376\\n11,099\\n$5, 130: $153,465\\n2,810 101,074\\n20,810: 244,120\\n191,917 1,035 $3,134,978 $15,358 $28,750 $498,C\\n17)", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0261.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "TT.\\na\\no\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a09 J\\nM o\\nUI 8UIO0UI\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2saunoa\\nui suorj\\n-nqujuoo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2uonotujs\\n-UI J9PU11\\npappy\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2S1UT3D\\nIUUUIO103\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sauoanqo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2saajoq-BT:\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2aveui\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0eiBW\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2suotws\\n-+no\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2SUOTl BIg\\nludiouuj\\n-yszvavSio\\nOOCOCOiO\\nin\\n83_.\\n00 c l cl l^ H o l t r i H\\n5 ic \u00c2\u00aeootrOOOt- oo g g o\\n~V (N CO (M !M CO\\niifltONOO\\nito dNi- io\\nlOMHH CO\\nC5CN CN\\n\u00c2\u00a9g 00 CO\\nod io co o\\nCO T-l\\nI- Ci L- CO CO\\ni* CO CN tH C\\nonoo\\nilOWHCJi\\n00 t-^\\ni LOO\\n:8S\\nHgno\\nCN\u00c2\u00a9_t-\u00c2\u00a9\\nt-Y-HOiCO\\nICOCNCNICOCN\\n-v co 00 ifi\\nC75 tH C5\\nOuOH i-t i\\ni-TcSIN rH\\nO i* o to ffi O lO C-l i\\n00-cKCOiO i-l N rl\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2CT^CO^C^CN i\\nf-+ oi o is CO?! oom\\nCN X C-. X rH O OCOCO\\nlO SO ff^lO^O ^l^ 3\\niLOHtOCCO^HH-OfJffl^i\\nIHH rH CN r-l HNO\\nOt-I COH\\nliOOCNOOOOlftlOCOlO\\nICCOOlTfCOCOCNCOTfi\\n1 8 3 3 8 3 So 1 8 \u00c2\u00b0ss^\\n#(M tF -*t-i r-l N\\nCOC^THlOC^^COOSCO^CO^^OCO^THC^OOOtr-rHCOOOiOO (M1OC0CN ;\u00c2\u00a9CO\\nCOiK CN\\nOWOOiOOOHt-Nt-MNjgOOH fjO tiO r-^lOCNt- NO(NrH(N^J\\n00 00 CO CO tH t-I COCO COt- (MtH ITS CN i-l _\\nlasss 300 1 ags\\nOt^^CslC^COOOCO COO-t ^10COt~-t gilOOO^OlOOCOr-llO CO lO CO CO lO \u00c2\u00bbH\\n3 co co co S t2 12 eo o th eo oo t-h oo-oo s co t- w fc 2\u00c2\u00b0,\\ncoccoooocoooccoooooboc odobooooo666oocococo \u00c2\u00b0b oo co\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0080\u00a2d \u00e2\u0080\u00a2fl-r-\\nca :3e8 2^\\nfl \u00e2\u0080\u00a2Sflfls\\n3 Q lc5l^|\\nd lo-d^oocu cj\\n8 :~2^5p\\no o S o -.3 2^ ,\u00c2\u00a3;s5 e\\nc3 a3,d\\nidjis;\\nills.\\ngcs^S\\nr3 a H +j S3T3\\nn a\\n^2^\\n?5 9 S\\na-H o o mq\\n:3 i+jScpoj d\\nrt-S d O) 4 O Pan\\n{rj +j O CD\\npq t\u00c2\u00bb\\nd c\\nX\\nrti^S ^PH aJTr! i) cd c5^ S J. fl ^2d^\\naft|a\u00c2\u00ab a s s a lls-sgg i^^^s\\ng-g-S s^ s-s o o a 53-5 g ag^g\\n3 2 S Sa S d S S E3 3 S*\u00c2\u00a3 S^ S\\nj^PH\u00c2\u00abp\u00c2\u00abo\u00c2\u00abWO^ lPQfiHaiC5\u00c2\u00a7S^^\\n,J c^S .3 cu o _ O jS\\n^.2^gt;-5\u00c2\u00b0 a ,.2 acu-Sdg\\nd fl\\n.sss-s-sa\\nd d \u00c2\u00abir o 2-r^O rn d d d m ,2\\n1 K.4J ai .cucu cj o 05 o fi o S +3\\nSg*-g*-5 aSgsaaa2", "height": "3448", "width": "2336", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0262.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0080\u00a2U]T?)UH\\nUI 31U0JUI\\nt~ io cc l- ia i- -t\\nr c i- i\\n5C ffl M HlOOOl\\nb- eo os co co t- ia i\\nCO SNOOCNrH M\\n5 x -t oj\\nI- iH X fH 05\\nltO(Ot-IOTJ l HH MHi\\nc J; :i -f o h o c p\\nI ia J -v X t-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2I9P U .l r-T X rH\\n\u00c2\u00a9coiaia\u00c2\u00a9\\noo 3 J8 io\\nrjT\\npappy\\nO CO -I\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0!MO -1-0\\nt- !M\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2s^irea\\n-TUtlUUUO k\\n9AIJ.tt.NJ\\n-\u00c2\u00a9r\u00c2\u00a3\\nL\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nN rH OS i\\ncot*\\nX C L- OS ~f iq rH CN\\nCO LO -f I-\\noi c i-. ..o\\nM w H X C\\nlo cxi- lo i o it i x co\\nCCrH r-lrHCO\\n-f X rH CO rH O 10) t- 01 -f X CO 03 03\\na H3XXM30 -CO 03 XL^rHCO rH l- Ol rH ^J CO 00 13 O\\nUe rH Tf CO 03 rH\\n-iuoaV\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2U9K\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2suonuis\\n-mo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2hh .rH\u00c2\u00a9 t- .HSXVJOiSMnMH X X CO rfi ON\\nCO CO N CO X CO CO CO rH CO rH CO rH Oi X\\ni\u00e2\u0080\u0094 -cm\u00c2\u00a9 ia co ia -rH\u00c2\u00a9x ia\\nt- CO 01 X Ol N OS CO CO M i\\neo cq m th (mcncoco\\nt-Tf joMH -ia --t t~t~t-t-ia\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9\u00c2\u00a9 --t \u00c2\u00a9rf\u00c2\u00a9ua\u00c2\u00a9T\u00c2\u00abTH\\nCl -ioit-Ol -f rH ri CT. CO rH L- rH rH SN rH CO rH t- Tjl QN\\nX tHO rHrH ia rH rH M\\nftPcS\\nciS\\nfflfflO 1\\n.2 :S\\n9 s\\nce^a\\na a o\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a02 2*\\n.2CQ-A\\ns?\\n2 -a SQ C a\\n25PS3\\n05 O\\no o o a\\n23=\u00c2\u00a3\\n1/2 a) a\\nw O CJ as r ?8 a\\nO 3D\\nI a a S S.2 groT Ss^\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Sis a.\\nggs-ss\\nDSrQ\\nB?ssigsgaa4SS3sg.a\\n;^2hPhP-i- cC\\niPtDD^^\\nCra\\n\u00c2\u00a3.2\\nojco^ 5:\\nre o^", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0263.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "H\\nw\\n2 3\\nBP BU BO\\nm suorniqujuoo\\n11\\nt- #cM\u00c2\u00a9\\nOOOflCO\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sjbiioci in suoij\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0ivsK %sv\\\\ pappv\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2s^ireoiunrauioo\\nco o ri jo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2saqomqo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2s.iaaoq B I aAHBM\\nS38S\\ns 5\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2U8UIOAV\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2suoi^s-itio\\nt-ci oo o o o cs\\n-I HHH CO\\nN i-l CO\\nrH OC 01 O CI\\nCO CO OhO\\nOS lOHOO\\nt-COCli-l\\no\\nI-H O\\nII ifl\\nfll 5\\nCD ,00\\nS3 a\\ncS 3 bJC\\nla s i^ga\\nD\\n.z: cd 9\\ns \u00c2\u00a7r\u00c2\u00bb\\nO c3 c3^\\n^PhO\\nSa BIIOCI UI91UO0UI\\nooo-*o\\nCO CM -f j# g\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2uoiiotuisui aapuQ\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2siu Boiunuiuioo\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sieioq-Bi aAii Bil\\nI BIOX\\nt- 00 O i-l CO\\nof co~o js th\\nQ CO i-H CS\\nO i-H C73 CO lO\\nCOOHLON\\n00 CI COO t-\\nt-00COt-\\nrl^CO COjO_CO\\nco \u00c2\u00bboco\\nI 53\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2eimuaj\\nOt-t-OcJ\\nC6\u00c2\u00bbt-HO\\nOHOMH\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2aiBK\\nCO CM 00 CO CN\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2suon^ns-itio\\nSlIOI^S\\nO CM CO CM\\ni-T ec\\nigi\\nc3 c3\\nt? \u00e2\u0080\u00a2cl TS n\\nd -+3 C3-I-3\\nS Its 5 a H", "height": "3440", "width": "2268", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0264.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "Index\\nINDEX\\nAbeel, Rev. David, 209.\\nAberdeen, Dowager Countess of,\\n119.\\nAbolition speeches of Mr. Knibbs,\\n92.\\nAfrica, 103, 108, 132, 187, 233, 250.\\nAfrican Methodist Episcopal\\nChurch, 205.\\nAfter meetings, Advantages of, in\\nheathen lands, 67.\\nAggressive Christianity, 18.\\nAjmere, Mission press in, 124.\\nAlaska, 135, 143.\\nAlexandria, Missionaries in, 84.\\nAlgeria, 113.\\nAlice, Lovedale Institution at, 118.\\nAliwal, in Cape Colony, 110.\\nAllen, Rev. Young J., 197.\\nAllison, Rev. James, 119.\\nAllur, 161.\\nAmbassadors, Christ s, 10.\\nAmboyna, 144.\\nAmerican Baptist Missionary\\nUnion, 114, 155, 157.\\nAmerican Bible Society, 200.\\nAmerican Board, The, 146.\\nAmerican Friends, 204.\\nAmerican Wesleyans, 204.\\nAmoy, Mr. Burns in, 105.\\nAmoy Mission, 181.\\nAnderson, Dr., resigns from the\\nAmerican Board, 150.\\nAneityum, 120.\\nAnelgahat, Tablet in church at,\\n120.\\nAngola, Work in, 167.\\nAngoniland, 120.\\nAniwa, Prosperous work in, 121.\\n261\\nAnnual meeting, Functions of\\nthe, 79.\\nAppenzeller, Rev. H. G., 174.\\nArabian Mission, The, 182.\\nArakan, on the Bay of Bengal, 160.\\nArmenian martyrs, 154.\\nArmenians of Turkey, The, 153.\\nAsia, Missions to heathen in, 135,\\n222.\\nAssam entered, 159.\\nAssam, Santhal colony in, 142.\\nAssociate Reformed Synod of the\\nSouth, 205.\\nAthens, Schools in, 199.\\nAustralia, 110, 115, 135, 140.\\nAyres, Miss H., 177.\\nBaker, Moses, in West Indies, 91.\\nBaldwin, Dr. S. L. and Mrs., 170.\\nBaptism, Views of Judson and\\nRice on, 148.\\nBaptist Churches, Meeting of, at\\nNottingham, 88.\\nBaptist Missionary Society formed\\nat Kettering, 89.\\nBaptists, Foreign work of Ameri-\\ncan, 157.\\nBaptists in Africa, 162.\\nBaptists of Canada, 208.\\nBarbadoes, 135.\\nBarmen Society, The, 132, 136.\\nBasle Missionary Society, 93, 129.\\nBastar country, The, 141.\\nBattas, Missions to the, 136.\\nBechuanas, Mission among the,\\n140.\\nBedouins, Work among the, 114.\\nBegin at Jerusalem, 11.", "height": "3448", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0265.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "Index\\nBeirut, Jewish missions in, 108.\\nBenevolent agencies not mission-\\nary work, 24, 28.\\nBengal, Work in, 94, 109.\\nBerbers, Work among the, 114.\\nBerlin Missionary Society, 131.\\nBerlin Training School for Mis-\\nsionaries, 129.\\nBerlin Women s Verein, 141.\\nBest kind of preaching, 66.\\nBethel Ship, The, 178.\\nBethlehem, Pa., Missionaries in,\\n133.\\nBible distribution in Suabia, 116.\\nBible Societies in Europe, 116.\\nBible translations in Carey s time,\\n91.\\nBirthplace of American Missions,\\n146.\\nBishop of Japan, The first, 199.\\nBlodget, Dr., at Shanghai Confer-\\nence, 74.\\nBlythewood, North Kaffir Mission\\nat, 119.\\nBoard of Missions of the Methodist\\nEpiscopal Church, South, 196.\\nBoardman, George Dana, 159.\\nBogue, Dr. David, Address of, in\\nthe Evangelical Magazine, 97.\\nBombay, 95, 107, 117, 148, 152.\\nBoone, J. W., Protestant Episco-\\npal Missionary Bishop, 199.\\nBoresen among the Santhals, 142.\\nBorneo, 95, 181.\\nBo wen, Rev. J. W., in Brazil, 195.\\nBrahman converts, 107.\\nBrainerd, David, 47, 184.\\nBrazil, Missions to, 81, 190, 198.\\nBreklum Society, The, 141.\\nBridgman, Elijah C, called to\\nmission work, 48.\\nBritish and Foreign Bible Society,\\n116.\\nBritish Colonies, Missionaries to,\\n101.\\nBritish East India Company, 148.\\nBritish Guiana, Mission to, 99.\\nBruce, Rev. John, 119.\\nBuenos Ayres, 167.\\nBulgaria, 178.\\nBurden, of Church Missionary So-\\nciety, 102.\\nBurma entered, 95.\\nBurmese, First Baptist mission to,\\n158.\\nBurns, Missionary Bishop for Af-\\nrica, 167.\\nBurns, Rev. Wm. C, in China, 105.\\nBurt, Rev. William, D.D., 179.\\nButler, Dr. William, 174, 176, 248.\\nButler, J. W., 177.\\nCalabar (Kingston), College at, 92.\\nCalcutta, 41, 94, 107, 117.\\nCall to missionary work, 44.\\nCall to the ministry, 42.\\nCalvinistic Methodists, 109.\\nCalvinistic Presbyterians, 109.\\nCambridge University Volunteers,\\nThe, 95.\\nCameroon, Africa, 129.\\nCanada, 108, 110.\\nCanadian Foreign Missionary\\nSocieties, 206.\\nCanton, Mr. Burns in, 105.\\nCape Colony, 132, 136.\\nCape Maclean, 120.\\nCarey, William, 87, 88, 89.\\nCarrow, Rev. Goldsmith, 168.\\nCarter, Dr. Thomas, 177.\\nCaste giving way, 249.\\nCastle and Falcon, The, 97, 101.\\nCawnpore and Delhi, 94.\\nCelebes, The, 144.\\nCentral America, 135.\\nCentral Mexico Mission Confer-\\nence, 197.\\nCeylon, Mission in, 91.\\nCeylonese, Work among the, 152.\\nChapin, Miss J. M., 169.\\n262", "height": "3448", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0266.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "Index\\nChefoo, Dr. Williamson in, 124.\\nChekiang, 120.\\nChildren of missionaries, Homes\\nin Basle for, 130.\\nChina, 102, 103, 108, 113, 132, 225.\\nChina, Favorable proclamation in,\\n249.\\nChina Inland Mission, 125.\\nChina, Wesleyan Society in, 105.\\nChrist, Church of, in Japan, 125.\\nChristian Church, The, 35, 125, 204.\\nChristian Endeavor Society, 241\\nChristian Knowledge Society, 95.\\nChristian literature, Useful, 70.\\nChristianity, Aggressive, 18.\\nChristianity and heathenism, 18.\\nChumic River, The, 118.\\nChurch Missionary Society, 101.\\nChurch of England in Canada,\\n208.\\nChurch of England Zenana Mis-\\nsionary Society, 102.\\nChurch of Scotland, Disruption\\nof, 107.\\nChurches and chapels for heathen\\naudiences, 67.\\nChutia Nagpore Mission, The, 95.\\nClough, Rev. J. E., 161.\\nCoke, Dr. Thomas, 103, 163.\\nColder, Rev. J. and Mrs., 170.\\nColigny, Admiral, 8.\\nCollins, J. D., 170.\\nColombo, Station at, 91.\\nCommission of Christ s ambassa-\\ndors, 13, 22.\\nConcert, A, for missions, 8.\\nCongo Balolo Mission, The, 114.\\nCongo Mission Conference, 167.\\nCongo, Missions on the, 93, 143.\\nCongregationalists of Canada, 207.\\nConjeveram, Medical mission at,\\n117.\\nConsecrated wealth, 251\\nConstantinople, Medical mission\\nin, 113.\\nConstantinople, Mission to Jews\\nin, 108.\\nConversions follow famine, 161.\\nCopeland, Mr., 121.\\nCopenhagen, The Danish mission\\nat, 139.\\nCopts in Egypt, The, 145.\\nCorrell, Rev. I. H., 173.\\nCostrop, Richard, 84.\\nCoultart, James, in Kingston, 92.\\nCowan, Dr. B. Stewart, 122.\\nCox, Melville B., 166.\\nCran, Mr., in India, 99.\\nCrowther, of Church Missionary\\nSociety, 102.\\nCue, The Chinaman s, 78.\\nCumberland Presbyterian Board,\\nThe, 192.\\nCushman, Miss Clara, 172.\\nDalzell, Rev. J., 119.\\nDanish Mission Society, The, 141.\\nDarien, Scotch colony at, 106.\\nDarjeeling, Work in, 108.\\nDark Continent missions, 99.\\nDavison, Rev. J. E., 172.\\nde Stael, Baron A., 145.\\nDeccan Mission, 117.\\nDecennial Missionary Conference\\nin India, 42, 76.\\nDelhi Mission, The, 94.\\nDemarara, Mission station at, 92.\\nDeming, Miss L. B., 169.\\nDempster, Rev. John, 168.\\nDenmark, Mission in, 178.\\nDes Granges, Mr., in India, 99.\\nDhanjibhai Naoroji, The Rev., 107.\\nDisciples commissioned, 9.\\nDisciples of Christ, 201.\\nDiscipline, Provisions of the, 79.\\nDober and Nitschmann in the\\nWest Indies, 83.\\nDomestic and Foreign Missionary\\nSociety, 198.\\nDoshisha at Kioto, 154.\\n263", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0267.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "Index\\nDouglas, Bishop, in Bombay, 95.\\nDouglas, Rev. Carstairs, 105.\\nDowney, Rev. J. R., 175.\\nDrees, Rev. C. W., 168, 177.\\nDuff, Dr. Alexander, 45, 106, 119.\\nDuff, The, 99.\\nDukes, O. A., 198.\\nDunkards, The, 205.\\nDutch missionary work, 81.\\nDutch New Guinea, Papua, 144.\\nDyaks, Missions to the, 136.\\nEarly Methodists missionaries,163.\\nEast Africa, 102, 115.\\nEast Central Africa, 119.\\nEast India Company, The, 85.\\nEast London Institute, The, 114.\\nEdwards, Jonathan, Work of, 87.\\nEgede, Mr. Hans, 135.\\nEgypt, Jewish missions in, 108.\\nEgyptian missions, 192.\\nElberfeld and Barmen, 136.\\nEliot, John, 84, 146.\\nEnglish Presbyterian Society, 105.\\nEpworth League, The, 241.\\nEquatorville, on the Congo, 114.\\nErasmus and Foreign Missions, 81.\\nErmelo Society, The, 144.\\nEstablished Church of Scotland,\\n107.\\nEuropean Baptist missions, 162.\\nEvangelical Association, The, 204.\\nEvangelical Missions, 131.\\nEvangelical National Society,\\nStockholm, 143.\\nEvangelicalProtestantSociety,141.\\nEvangelical Society, The, 141.\\nEvangelization by native agency,\\n72.\\nExpediency, Questions of, 12.\\nExplorations in Africa, 233.\\nFalse conceptions of missionary\\nwork, 24.\\nFalse systems, 20.\\nFamine in India, 161.\\nFarmer convert in China, A, 109.\\nFascinations of the Orient, 30.\\nFeet, Cramping of, in China, 78.\\nFell, Henry, 84.\\nFernando Po, 110.\\nFiji Islands, The, 104.\\nFinland and St. Petersburg, 178.\\nFinland Missionary Society, The,\\n144.\\nFinnish Lutherans, 144.\\nFinns, Work among the, 143.\\nFirst English woman missionary,\\n84.\\nFirst Protestant Missionary So-\\nciety, The, 84.\\nFisher, Mary, preaches to Ma-\\nhomet IV, 84.\\nFisk, Pliny, in the East, 153.\\nFoochow Conference, 171.\\nForeign field, Methods in the, 64.\\nForeign Missions and the Refor-\\nmation, 81.\\nForeign Missions of the Mora-\\nvians, 132.\\nFormosa, Island of, 105.\\nFotuna, John Williams in, 121.\\nFowler, Mr. Anderson, 169.\\nFox, George, 83, 113.\\nFree Church of Hanover, 140.\\nFree Church of Scotland, 107, 116.\\nFree Methodist Church, 204.\\nFreewill Baptist Society, 195.\\nFrench in New Orleans, Mission\\nto the, 166.\\nFrench, of Church Missionary So-\\nciety, 102.\\nFriendly Islands, The, 104.\\nFriends Foreign Missionary As-\\nsociation, 113.\\nFriends in New England, 113.\\nFuller, Andrew, ordains Carey, 88.\\nGallas, Work among the, 115, 143.\\nGardiner, Captain Allen, 111.\\n264", "height": "3436", "width": "2184", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0268.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "Index\\nGeddie, John, in New Hebrides,\\n120.\\nGeneral Association of Congrega-\\ntional Churches, 147.\\nGeneral Conference at Shanghai,\\n67.\\nGeneral Convention for Foreign\\nMissions, 156.\\nGeneral Synod, The, 193.\\nGeneralship, Christian, 12.\\nGerman Baptists, 205.\\nGerman Evangelical Synod, 204.\\nGerman Missions, 117.\\nGerman Societies, Other, 141.\\nGhonds in India, Work among\\nthe, 143.\\nGibson, Rev. Otis, 170.\\nGiving a Duty, 59.\\nGiving, Disciplinary, 61.\\nGiving, Systematic, 59.\\nGlasgow Missionary Society, 117,\\n118, 123.\\nGold Coast, West Africa, 129.\\nGoodfellow, Rev. William, 168.\\nGordon, Hon. J. H, 119.\\nGordon, J. D., 122.\\nGordon, Rev. G. N., of Nova\\nScotia, 121.\\nGossner Missionary Society, The,\\n138, 144.\\nGossner, Pastor, of Berlin, 95, 138.\\nGrant, Mr. Charles, in North In-\\ndia, 86.\\nGrant, Mr. Richard, 169.\\nGray, Bishop, of Cape Town, 115.\\nGrebos, Bassas and Veys, The, 200.\\nGreece, First Protestant Episco-\\npal missionaries sent to, 198.\\nGreen, Mr. David, 48.\\nGreenland, Mission to, 135, 141.\\nGreig, Peter, 123.\\nGrotius wrote for Dutch mission-\\naries, 82.\\nGrundtvigt movement, The, 142.\\nGuiana, 135.\\nGuinness, Mr. and Mrs. H. G., 114,\\n162.\\nGujerat District, 107, 109.\\nHabits and customs of heathen\\npeoples, 78.\\nHakka country, The, 105.\\nHall, Gordon, 147.\\nHall, Miss Emma H., 179.\\nHalle, Academy of, 133.\\nHamburg, Missionary Institute\\nin, 137.\\nHampton, Miss Minnie S., 173.\\nHannington, Bishop, 102.\\nHardy, Rev. R. S., of India, 72.\\nHarmony, Advantages of, 80.\\nHarms, Pastor Louis, 139.\\nHarris, Bishop, in India, 175.\\nHarris, Bishop, in Japan, 173.\\nHarris, Bishop, in Mexico, 177.\\nHarris, Rev. M. C, 172.\\nHart, Rev. V. C, 170.\\nHastings, Miss Mary, 177.\\nHauge, Hans Nilssen, 142.\\nHawaiians educated in Connecti-\\ncut, 152.\\nIlaweis, Dr., of Aldwinkle, 97.\\nHayti, Mission in, 200.\\nHeathen audiences, Control of, 67.\\nHeathenism, Actual contact with,\\n30.\\nHeiling, Peter, 82.\\nHenrik, Bishop, 144.\\nHepburn, James C, 189.\\nHerero, in Damaraland, 136.\\nHermannsburg Missionary So-\\nciety, 139.\\nHernandez, Alijo, 197.\\nHerrnhut, 133.\\nHickok, Rev. H., 170.\\nHislop, Rev. S. S., 117.\\nHoag, Miss Lucy, M.D., 172.\\nHolland, Missionary Societies in,\\n144.\\nHolly, J. T., Bishop of Hayti, 200.\\n265", "height": "3440", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0269.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "Index\\nHongkong, 160.\\nHongkong, Mr. Burns in, 105.\\nHorton, Azariah, 184.\\nHottentots, Missions to, 135, 136.\\nHoward, Dr. Lenora, 211.\\nHowe, Miss Gertrude, 172.\\nHu Yong Mi, Experience of, 66.\\nHumphrey, Rev. J. L., 175.\\nHunter, Rev. Robert, 117.\\nHunter, Rev. Thomas, 107.\\nHuss, John, Followers of, 82, 133.\\nHyderabad, 117.\\nHymns, Missionary, 87.\\nIchang, China, Mission in, 108.\\nImpolweni, 119.\\nIndependent Societies, 210.\\nIndia, 85, 99, 102, 109, 113, 124, 223.\\nIndians, Baptist work among, 163.\\nIndividual Christian, The, 38.\\nIndustrial development, 130.\\nIndustrial training at Basle, 130.\\nInhambane, on African coast, 167.\\nInscription on tablet to John\\nGeddie, 121.\\nInslee, Rev.E.B., atHangchau,190.\\nIreland, Mission in, 108.\\nIrish Presbyterian Foreign Mis-\\nsions, 109.\\nIslands, Missions in other, 239.\\nIsle of France, 148.\\nItaly Mission, The, 195.\\nItaly, Mission to, 178.\\nJackson, Rev. Henry G., D.D., 168.\\nJaisohn, Mr. Phil, Japanese edi-\\ntor, 246.\\nJamaica, 99, 115, 123.\\nJilnicke, Pastor, 131.\\nJanvier, Joel T., 174.\\nJapan, Church of Christ in, 125.\\nJapan, Mission to, 161, 228.\\nJapan, Progress in, 245.\\nJava, Mission in, 144, 145.\\nJerusalem Verein, The, 141.\\nJewett, Dr., 160.\\nJews, Missions among the, 108,\\n109, 222.\\nJews of Algiers, 143.\\nJeypore, 141.\\nJohn, Rev. Griffith, 67.\\nJones, John Taylor, 160.\\nJudd, Rev. C. W., 175.\\nJudson, Rev. A. and Mrs., 147, 148,\\n151, 155, 248.\\nKabyles, Mission to the, 114.\\nKaffir Missions, 117, 118, 135.\\nKaffraria, 124, 132.\\nKampti, Station at, 117.\\nKanagawa, Heathen temple at, 189.\\nKandy, Station at, 91.\\nKarens of Burma, The, 142.\\nKei river, The, 118.\\nKeith-Falconer, Hon. Ion and\\nMrs., 122.\\nKennedy, Rev. Alexander, 123.\\nKhols of India, The, 138.\\nKiang-si, 126.\\nKiang-su, 126.\\nKidder, Dr. Daniel P., 42, 168.\\nKiernander invited to India by\\nLord Clive, 86.\\nKinchan, Station at, 109.\\nKintore, Dowager Countess of,122.\\nKirin, Station at, 109.\\nKiukiang, 170.\\nKnibbs, Mr., Speeches of, in Eng-\\nland, 92.\\nKobe, A station at, 195, 198.\\nKol converts, 95.\\nKorea, 95, 173, 231.\\nKrapf, Dr., 115.\\nLabors of Carey, Marshman and\\nWard, 91.\\nLabrador, 135.\\nLady Li, 211.\\nLagos a center, 195.\\nLake Nyassa, 115, 119.\\n266", "height": "3448", "width": "2224", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0270.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "Index\\nLambuth, Dr. J. W., 197, 198.\\nLambuth, W. R., 198.\\nLansing, Prof. J. G., 182.\\nLaos country, The, 188.\\nLapps, Early missions to the, 81.\\nLaws, Rev. Robert, 120.\\nLay teacher in Africa, 198.\\nLebanon Schools Society, 120.\\nLeipsig Missionary Society, 139.\\nLewis, Rev. S. and Mrs., 171.\\nLi Hung Chang, 211.\\nLiberia Conference, 167.\\nLiberia, Missions in, 129, 194.\\nLiele, George, of Georgia, 91.\\nLiggins, Rev. J., 199.\\nLight of Asia, The real, 19.\\nLing Ching Ting, Experience of,\\n66.\\nLivingstone, David, 100, 108, 115,\\n119, 162.\\nLodiana, Mission in, 188.\\nLondon Missionary Society, 97,\\n101, 146.\\nLone Star Mission, The, 161.\\nLore, Rev. Dallas D., 168.\\nLovedale Institution, The, 118.\\nLoventhal s Society, 142.\\nLowrie, Rev. J. C, 188.\\nLowry, Rev. H. H., 171.\\nLoyd, Miss M. De F., 177.\\nLukama, 115.\\nLumsden, Principal, 120.\\nLutheran and Reformed elements\\nunite, 137.\\nLutheran Church of Denmark, 141.\\nLutheran Communion, 202.\\nLutheran standards, 131.\\nLyth, Rev. R. B., System employed\\nby, 77.\\nMacao, 160.\\nMacintyre, Rev. John, 124.\\nMack in India with Carey, 90.\\nMackay, of Church Missionary\\nSociety, 102.\\n267\\nMackay, Rev. George L., 207.\\nMaclay, Rev. R. S., 170, 172, 174.\\nMackenzie, Bishop, 115.\\nMadagascar, 96, 99, 113, 142, 236.\\nMadras, 95, 107, 117.\\nMagomero, Mission at, 115.\\nMalabars, Mission to the, 133.\\nMalays in India, The, 142^^\\nManchuria, 109, 124,\\nMaoris, Work among the, 104.\\nMarathas, Missionaries to the,\\n148, 152.\\nMarquesas, Work begun in the,\\n153.\\nMarshman and Ward in India, 89.\\nMarston, Miss, goes to Burma, 210.\\nMartin, William and Gavin, 124.\\nMartyn, Henry, 47.\\nMashonaland, 167.\\nMason, Dr., of Burma, 77.\\nMauritius, 96, 99, 102.\\nMaximilian overthrown, 176.\\nMay meetings begin, 98.\\nMcAll movement, The, 162.\\nMedhurst, Wm. H., of China, 100.\\nMedical missions, 117, 122.\\nMennonites, 144, 145, 206.\\nMental training, 28.\\nMethodist Church of Canada, 207.\\nMethodist New Connexion Mis-\\nsionary Society, 108.\\nMethodist Protestant Church, 204.\\nMethods in the foreign field, 64.\\nMexican Border Mission Confer-\\nence, 197.\\nMexico, Dr. Butler in, 176.\\nMexico Mission buildings, 177.\\nMexico, The Presbyterian Board\\nin, 185.\\nMillar, Publications of Rev. Rob-\\nert, 87.\\nMiller, William, 208.\\nMills, Samuel J., 147.\\nMinistry, Call to the, 42.\\nMissionaries chosen by Calvin, 81.", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0271.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "Index\\nMissionaries not a separate class,\\n41.\\nMissionary hymns written, 87.\\nMissionary Society of the Metho-\\ndist Episcopal Church, 163.\\nMissionary Society, The, 98.\\nMissionary spirit a necessity, 37.\\nMissionary unions in Hamburg\\nand Bremen, 137.\\nMissionary work, False and true\\nconceptions of, 24.\\nMissions in papal lands, 155.\\nMissions inaugurated, 88.\\nMissions, Meaning and implica-\\ntions of the word, 7.\\nMissions of the American Board,\\n149.\\nMistress Bland, 84.\\nMitchell, Dr. J. Murray, in Bom-\\nbay, 107.\\nMoffatt, Robert and Mary, 100.\\nMohammedans, Work among, 102,\\n122, 220.\\nMohawks, Mission to the, 180.\\nMoheecans became extinct, 85.\\nMoluccas, East Indies, 144.\\nMoney for Missions, 61.\\nMonod, Jean and Frederic, 145.\\nMoravian work, 82, 132.\\nMorocco, 114.\\nMorrison, Dr. Robert, 99, 100.\\nMoslems, Work among, 114, 153.\\nMott, Mrs. John R., 243.\\nMoule, of Church Missionary So-\\nciety, 102.\\nNagpur, Mission at, 117.\\nNaini Tal, 174.\\nNamaqualand, 136.\\nNarayan Sheshadri, Rev., 107.\\nNast, William, 178.\\nNatal, 132.\\nNatick, Church of red Indians at,\\n85.\\nNational Baptist Convention, 206.\\nNative preachers, Employment of,\\n72, 75.\\nNative preachers in Foochow Con-\\nference, 171.\\nNeander, Influence of, 131.\\nNellore, 160.\\nNelson, Rev. J. H., 168.\\nNesbit and Turner in Tanna, 121.\\nNetherlands, Societies in, 144.\\nNeuendettelsau, The, 141.\\nNeukirchner, The, 141.\\nNew Britain, Mission to, 104.\\nNew England, Propagation of the\\nGospel in, 84.\\nNew Hebrides, 22.\\nNew Hebrides, John Geddie, 120.\\nNew Hebrides Mission Synod, 122.\\nNew South Wales, 103.\\nNew Zealand, 102, 110, 137, 140.\\nNewchang, 109.\\nNewell, Samuel, 147.\\nNgan-hwuy, 126.\\nNingpo, 115, 124, 160.\\nNitschmann,Bishop David, 83,133.\\nNorth Africa, 143.\\nNorth African Mission, 113.\\nNorth Arabia, 114.\\nNorth China, 95, 108.\\nNorth China Mission, 171.\\nNorth German Missionary So-\\nciety, 137.\\nNorth Kaffir Mission, 119.\\nNorway, Prosperous Missions of,\\n170.\\nNorwegian and Swedish sailors,\\n163.\\nNorwegian Mission Society, 142.\\nNott, Samuel, Jr., 147.\\nNuremberg, 116.\\nNyassa, 120.\\nObedience to Christ, 21.\\nObligations of the commission, 13.\\nOld Calabar, 124.\\nOncken, Johann Gerhard, 162.\\n268", "height": "3448", "width": "2216", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0272.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "Index\\nOne guinea a year, 98.\\nOue religion for the race, 19.\\nOngole, Work begun at, 161.\\nOrange Free State, 132.\\nOrganization for missionary work,\\n62.\\nOriental Christians, Missions\\namong. 217.\\nOrissa, 196.\\nOther German Societies, 141.\\nOther islands, Missions in, 239.\\nOther Societies in Great Britain,\\n128.\\nOther Societies of the United\\nStates, 201.\\nOtis, Asa, Bequest from, 151.\\nOutdoor preaching, 65.\\nOutlook, The, 248.\\nOvamboland, West Africa, 144.\\nPantis, Missions among the, 137.\\nPapal countries, Missions in, 214.\\nPapuans, Missions to the, 137.\\nParis Evangelical Society, The,\\n145.\\nParker, Rev. E. W., 175.\\nParsee converts, 107.\\nParsons, Levi, in the East, 153.\\nPastor Gossner s work, 95.\\nPatagonian Missionary Society,\\n111.\\nPaterson, Rev. James, 123.\\nPaton, J. G., in Aniwa, 121.\\nPearce, George, 114.\\nPennsylvania, Mission to Indians\\nin, 83.\\nPersian Missions, 187.\\nPeterson, O. P., in Norway, 178.\\nPhillips, Mr., 196.\\nPiercy,Rev. George, in Canton, 105.\\nPilgrims, The, were missionaries,\\n84.\\nPitts, Fountain E., 167.\\nPlutschau, 85, 141.\\nPoona, 117.\\nPoona, Drs. Wilson and Mitchell\\nin, 107.\\nPortuguese-speaking people, 113.\\nPortuguese stop Brazil Mission, 81\\nPotter, Miss Phebe E., 170.\\nPreaching, Best kind of, 66.\\nPreaching most important, 71.\\nPreaching, Outdoor, 65.\\nPresbyterian Board, The, 183.\\nPresbyterian Church of Canada,\\n207.\\nPresbyterian Church of Ireland,\\n109.\\nPresbyterian Church of Scotland,\\n106.*\\nPresbyterian General Assembly,\\n148.\\nPrester John s country, 84, 113.\\nPrimitive Methodist Missionary\\nSociety, 110.\\nProgress, Summary of, 240.\\nPropagation of the Gospel in New\\nEngland, S4.\\nProtestant countries, Missions in,\\n219.\\nProtestant Episcopal Missionary\\nSociety, 198.\\nPunjab, The, opened by mission-\\naries, 107.\\nQualifications of a missionary, 51.\\nQueensland, 103.\\nQuestions of expediency, 12.\\nRae, Rev. John, 120.\\nRajpootana, Prosperous work in,\\n124.\\nRam Chandra Bose, Remarks of,\\n76.\\nRamapatam, 161.\\nRangoon, Burma, Mission at, 139.\\nRankin, Miss Amelia, 185.\\nRatnapuri, Station at, 91.\\nRed Indians, First church of, 85.\\nReed, Rev. Wm, 188.\\n269", "height": "3444", "width": "2236", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0273.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "Index\\nReformed Church of America, 105.\\nReformed Dutch Board of Mis-\\nsions, 179.\\nReformed (German) Board, 183.\\nReformed Presbyterian Boards,\\n193.\\nReid, Dr. John M., 41.\\nRelief Church, 123.\\nReligious freedom in Mexico, 177.\\nRevolutionary War, Effect of the,\\non Missions to Indians, 184.\\nRhenish Mission Society, 136.\\nRice, Luther, 148, 155.\\nRichards, James, 147.\\nRingeltaube, Mr., in India, 99.\\nRobert College, 154.\\nRoberts, Bishop, 167.\\nRobinson, George, in Bermuda, 84.\\nRoe, Sir Thomas, Embassy of, 85.\\nRoman Catholic opposition, 110,\\n111.\\nRonzone, Miss, in Italy, 190.\\nRoss, Rev. John, 118, 124.\\nRotterdam Societies, 144, 145.\\nRowe, Rev. Mr., in West Indies, 92.\\nRoyal College of Missions, 141.\\nRussell, Miss E., 173.\\nRussia, Missions in, 143.\\nRussian edict closes missions, 99.\\nRyland, Dr., 97.\\nRyland, John, Jr., Plan drawn by,\\nSalvation, Terms of, 14.\\nSanctified common sense, 58.\\nSandeman, Rev. David, 105.\\nSandwich Islands Mission begun,\\n152.\\nSanthals, Mission among the, 117,\\n142, 196.\\nSaxony, Herrnhutin, 133.\\nSchleswig-Holstein Missionary So-\\nciety, 140.\\nSchneider, Rev. B., D.D., 183.\\nSchoonmaker, Miss Dora E., 173.\\n270\\nSchreuder, Bishop, 142.\\nSchwartz, Christian Frederick, 86.\\nScotch Presbyterian Society, 106.\\nScott, Rev. James, 119.\\nScottish Missionary Society, 123.\\nScranton, Dr. W. B. and Mrs., 174.\\nScudder, H. M., 181.\\nScudder, Rev. J., M.D., 181.\\nScudder, William and Joseph, 181.\\nSears, Rev. Barnas, 162.\\nSecession Church, The, 123.\\nSeely, Miss M., 170.\\nSelf-support in missions, 68, 72,\\n89.\\nSelwyn, Hannington, 102.\\nSepoy Rebellion, The, 174.\\nSerampore Mission, 90.\\nSeventh Day Adventists, 206.\\nSeventh Day Baptists, 206.\\nShanghai, 108.\\nShanghai, Conference at, 67, 74.\\nSheik-Othwan, Work at, 122.\\nSheppard, Rev. W. H., 191.\\nSheshadri, Rev. N., 117.\\nShevier occupied as a station, 120.\\nSkrefsrud in San thai Mission, 142.\\nSiam Mission, The, 160, 188.\\nSiberia, Mission to, 99.\\nSierra Leone, 99, 102, 115, 194.\\nSimonton, Rev. A. G., 186.\\nSlavery and missionary work, 194.\\nSocieties in Great Britain, 128.\\nSocieties of the United States, 201.\\nSociety for Missions to Africa\\nand the East, 101.\\nSociety for the Propagation of\\nGospel, 93.\\nSomalis and Mohammedans, 122.\\nSoper, Rev. Julius, 172.\\nSouth Africa, 95, 135.\\nSouth America, 83, 135, 167, 186.\\nSouth American Missionary So-\\nciety, 111.\\nSouth Arabia, 122.\\nSouth Seas, Missions in the, 237.", "height": "3440", "width": "2220", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0274.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "Index\\nSouthern Baptist Board, 194.\\nSouthern Presbyterian Board, 187,\\n189.\\nSouthern Russia, 129.\\nSpa Fields Chapel, Mr. Haweis\\nin, 97.\\nSpanish Missions, 113, 186.\\nSpaulding, Justin, 168.\\nSpencer, Miss M. A., 173.\\nStanley, Henry M. s 27, 108.\\nStephen, Mr., 97.\\nStewart, John, among the Wyan-\\ndots, 164.\\nStewart, Rev. J., M.D., 118.\\nStewart, Rev- James, C.E., 120.\\nStoughton, Rev. Wm., 156.\\nStraits Settlements, Missions in\\nthe, 95.\\nSt. Thomas, West Indies, 133.\\nStubbs, John, 84.\\nSuabia, Bibles distributed in, 116.\\nSuehau, 160.\\nSumatra, 145.\\nSumbalpur, in Orissa, 196.\\nSundaese, Missions among the,\\n145.\\nSunday-school, Work of the, 36.\\nSutcliff, John, minister of Olney,\\n88.\\nSwatow mission field, 105, 160.\\nSweden, Missions in, 178.\\nSwedish Church Mission, 143.\\nSwedish Missions, 143.\\nSyrian and Persian Missions, 187.\\nSyrian Mission, A, 113.\\nSystematic giving, 59.\\nTable of China Missions, 172.\\nTahiti, Missionaries sent to, 99.\\nTai-ping rebellion, The, 197.\\nTalant Islands, Missions in the,\\n145.\\nTamils, Work among the, 139,\\n141, 181.\\nTanganyika, 120.\\n271\\nTanna, a difficult field, 121.\\nTartary, Mission to, 99.\\nTasmania, Work in, 103.\\nTaylor, Bishop William, 49, 167,\\n169, 175.\\nTaylor, Dr. Charles, 197.\\nTaylor, J. Hudson, 125.\\nTeaching important, 16.\\nTelugus, Work among the, 95,\\n140, 160.\\nTemperance organization, Work\\nof the, 36.\\nTerry, Chaplain, Report of, 85.\\nThirty Years War, The, 133.\\nThoburn, Bishop J. M., 175, 176.\\nTholuck, Influence of, 131.\\nThompson, George, called to\\nAfrica, 46.\\nThompson, Rev. W. R., 118.\\nThomson, Bishop, in China, 72.\\nThomson, John F., 168.\\nTibet, 135.\\nTientsin, 108.\\nTierra del Fuego, 111.\\nTodd, Rev. E. S., 170.\\nTozer, Bishop, at Zanzibar, 115.\\nTranquebar, Mission in, 139, 141.\\nTransit and Building Fund, The,\\n169.\\nTransvaal, The, 132.\\nTrask, Dr. Sigourney, 172.\\nTravancore mission station, 99.\\nTriennial Convention, The, 194,\\n198.\\nTrinidad, Rev. A. Kennedy in, 123.\\nTripoli, 114.\\nTunis, 114.\\nTurner and Nesbit in Tanna, 121.\\nUganda, 108.\\nUncivilized heathen, The, 232.\\nUndenominational Mission, A, 122.\\nUndenominational Societies, 210.\\nUndenominational Society, The\\nfirst, 98.", "height": "3448", "width": "2248", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0275.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "Index\\nUndenominational Society. 130.\\nUnitas Fratrum, 82, 132.\\nUnited Brethren in Christ, 203.\\nUnited Christian College, 117.\\nUnited Church of Christ in Japan,\\n189.\\nUnited Methodist Free Churches\\nMissionary Society, 114.\\nUnited Presbyterian Board, 191.\\nUnited Presbyterian Church, 123.\\nUniversities Mission to Central\\nAfrica, 115.\\nUpper Bengal, Santhals in, 117.\\nUtrecht Society, The, 144.\\nVanderkemp, Dr., 144.\\nVanderkemp, John, of Africa, 100.\\nVan Dorsten, Miss A., 177.\\nVasa, Gustavus, mission to Lapps,\\n81.\\nVellore, India, Mission in, 142.\\nVerhuel, Admiral Count, 145.\\nVernon, Leroy M., 178.\\nVickery, Miss Ella, 179.\\nVictoria, Missions in, 103.\\nVizagapatam mission station, 99.\\nVoss, Mr., at Colombo, 99.\\nWa Nyika race, The, 115.\\nWaddell, H. M., in Old Calabar,\\n124.\\nWalaeus, of Leyden, 82.\\nWaldenstromian Movement, The,\\n143.\\nWarner, Miss S. M., 177.\\nWealth, Consecrated, 251.\\nWelsh Calvinistic Church, For-\\neign Missions of the, 109.\\nWentworth, Dr. Erastus, 170.\\nWesley, John, preaching to the\\nIndians, 103.\\nWesleyan Association, The, 114.\\nWesleyan Missionary Society, 103.\\nWesleyan Reform, 114.\\nWest Africa, 92, 115, 123.\\nWest China Mission, 171.\\nWest Falkland Islands, 112.\\nWest Indies, George Blythe in, 123.\\nWheeler, Rev. L. N., 171.\\nWhite, Moses C, 170.\\nWhitefield, George, Efforts of, 103.\\nWilberforce, Mr., in West Indies,\\n92.\\nWiley, Bishop, 170, 173.\\nWilliams College, 146.\\nWilliams, John, of Erromanga,100.\\nWilliams, Rev. C. M., 199.\\nWilliamson, Dr. Alexander, 124.\\nWilson College, 117.\\nWilson, Dr. John, in Bombay, 107.\\nWoman s Foreign Missionary So-\\nciety, 172.\\nWoman s Union Missionary So-\\nciety, 210.\\nWoman s work effective, 70.\\nWomen s Foreign Missionary So-\\ncieties, 63.\\nWood, Rev. T. B., 168, 169.\\nWoolston, Misses B. and S. H.,\\n170, 172.\\nWork among women, 70.\\nWork clearly denned, 11, 13.\\nWork of the Christian Church,\\n35.\\nWyandot Indians, Revival among,\\n164.\\nYoruba country, The, 194.\\nYoung, Dr. James, 105.\\nZambesi River, Mission on the, 110.\\nZeal awakened in New York and\\nBoston, 156.\\nZegenbalg, 85, 141.\\nZinzendorf, Count, 82, 133.\\nZulu Kaffirs of Natal, 119.\\nZulu, Work among the, 140, 143.\\nZululand Mission, 142.\\nZululand, Rev. J. Dalzell in, 119.\\n272", "height": "3436", "width": "2280", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0276.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3436", "width": "2232", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0277.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "JUN 111900", "height": "3464", "width": "2196", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0278.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "3v\\nMoo", "height": "3436", "width": "2152", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0279.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3565", "width": "2315", "jp2-path": "foreignmissionso00bal_0280.jp2"}}