{"1": {"fulltext": "T? r!T v\\niliteiME-M-JCARTHY:", "height": "3653", "width": "2356", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "0\\nA\\nb.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2x\\n.0^\\ns^\\n.v^\\nB\\n.a-\\nr.", "height": "3501", "width": "2155", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "s\\nxV P\\nc\\n-7.\\n,0^\\nf\\nCi- A 0\\n,-0 c\\nx^\\nI y\\n4\\n\\\\V", "height": "3501", "width": "2155", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "How not to catch fish.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "FAMILIAR FISH\\nTHEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nA PRACTICAL BOOK ON\\nFRESH-WATER GAME FISH\\nBY\\nEUGENE McCarthy\\nAUTHOR OF THE LEAl ING OUANANICHE,\\nA TALE OF LAKE ST. JOHN, ETC.\\nWITH AN INTRODUCTION BY\\nDr. DAVID STARR JORDAN\\nPRESIDENT OF LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY\\nILLUSTRATED\\nNEW YORK\\nD. APPLETON AND COMPANY\\n1900", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "96.9\\nLibrary of C\\nor \u00c2\u00bbe\u00c2\u00abs\\nLi\\nc\\nTwo C\u00c2\u00bbP\u00c2\u00abrs Prrrt- CO\\nJUN 22 I9C0\\nCopyright intiy\\nSECnvr* COPY.\\nOROtR DIVISION,\\nJUN PjriQOO\\nloPVRIGHT, 1\\n900,\\nS H44\\nBy D. APPLETON AND COMPANY.\\nAll rights reserved.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "TO MY FRIEND\\nEDWIX B. HAY, Esq.,\\nOF WASHINGTON, D. C.\\nI DEDICATE THIS VOLUME", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "PREFATORY NOTE\\nEvery healthy boy, every right-\\nmiiided man, and every\\nuncaged\\nBorn beneath the Fish s sig:n.\\nwoman feels, at one time or another,\\nand maybe at all times, the impulse\\nto go a-tishing. That is Avhat Ushes\\nare for to call us away from\\nnewspapers and counting\\nrooms, school books and par-\\nlors and five-o clock teas,\\nout into the open of exist-\\nence, where life is real and\\nbanks are green, skies are\\nblue, and the birds sing in\\nthe branches over the water.\\nIt does not matter much\\nwhat fishes are in the streams.\\nStill less is it essential that\\nwe slionld succeed in catch-\\n?5i^\\ning them.\\nThe main thing", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "vi FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nis the breaking away, the going in search of them, the\\ngenerous feeling of brotherhood, and that trustmg of\\nourselves to the lap of our generous Mother, which we\\nhave inadequately called communion with Nature.\\nYet it is well to know in advance something of\\nwhere we are going, what lishes we shall find, and\\nwith w^hat means we shall call them forth to suit our\\npleasure. To give this is the purpose of this book.\\nIts writer is a successful angler. He is a good\\nfisherman. He would teach others to be successful.\\nE^ot that he would train them to be fish hogs, or\\nteach them to make a longer string or fill a bigger\\nbasket than any hogs before them. These things are\\nabhorred of gods and sportsmen. It is better far\\nto lie about your great catch than to make it. The\\nfisherman s lie is natural and sportsmanlike. His\\ngreed is not. It is, I am sure, the wish of the author\\nthat the reader should make his catch in sportsman-\\nlike fashion, that he should learn to love the streams\\nand their inhabitants, and that so loving, as the sea-\\nsons go on, he should return to river, rod, and fly\\nagain and again, finding each year in the stream the\\nfishes that his need demands. For it is written that\\nto be born beneath the Fish s sign is to bear\\nthrough life the subtle influence of the happiest of\\nconstellations. David Stakr Jordan.\\nPalo Alto, California, February 10, 1900.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "AUTHOR S mTRODUCTION\\nStud5 ing angling.\\nThat all work and no play\\nmakes Jack a dull boy is a\\nsaying the truth of which can\\nnot be denied, whether it be\\napplied to boys of young or\\nmature years. Occasional rec-\\nreation is required to maintain\\ngood health, but it must not be\\nallowed to interfere with serious work of any nature.\\nWith the hope that those whose inclinations tend\\ntoward the harmless and health -giving sport of an-\\ngling, and others who may become converts to* it,\\nmay both find necessary and helpful instruction in\\nthe art from its pages, this work has been prepared.\\nThe difficulties to be met with in endeavoring to\\nteach one how to fish successfully through the me-\\ndium of a book are best explained in the follomng\\npassage from the introduction to Isaac Walton s\\nCompleat Angler, published in 1653. The extract", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "Vlll FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nsets forth most clearly just what should be said in\\nadvance to intending readers of this volume\\nNext let me tell the Reader, that in that which\\nis the more useful part of ,this Discourse, that is to\\nsay, the observations of the nature, and breeding, and\\nseasons, and catching, of Fish, I am not so simple as\\nnot to know, that a captious Reader may find excep-\\ntions against something said of some of these and\\ntherefore I must entreat him to consider, that expe-\\nrience teaches us to know, that several countries alter\\nthe time, and I think almost the manner, of Fishes\\nbreeding, but doubtless of their being in season.\\nJSTow for the Art of Catching Fish, that is to\\nsay, how to make a man that was none, to be an An-\\ngler by a book he that undertakes it shall undertake\\na harder task than Mr. Hales, a most valiant and ex-\\ncellent Fencer, who in a printed book, called A pri-\\nvate school of Defence, undertook to teach that art\\nor science, and was laughed at for his labour. T^ot\\nbut that many useful tilings might be learned by that\\nbook, but he was laughed at, because that art was not\\nto be taught by words, but practice and so must\\nAngling. And note also, that in this Discourse I do\\nnot undertake to say all that is known, or may be said\\nof it, but I undertake to acquaint the Reader, with\\nmany things that ai-e not usually known to every\\nAngler and I shall leave gleanings and observations", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "AUTHOR S INTRODUCTION IX\\nenough to be made out of the experience of all that\\nlove and practise this recreation, to which I shall en-\\ncourage them. For Angling may be said to be so\\nlike the Mathematics, that it can never be fully\\nlearned at least not so fully, but that there will still\\nbe more new experiments left for the trial of other\\nmen that succeed us.\\nI shall stay him [the Reader] no longer than to\\nwish him a rainy evening to read this following Dis-\\ncourse and that, if he be an honest Angler, the East-\\nwind may never blow when he goes a-Fishing.\\nTo guard against any possible errors in the de-\\nscrij^tions of different fishes given in this book, and\\nto be justified in advancing the claim that they are\\nabsolutely reliable and correct, the manuscript was\\nsubmitted to Dr. David Starr Jordan, President of\\nLeland Stanford Junior University, whose rank as a\\nscientist, educator, and publicist requires no definition.\\nFor the courtesy of tliis thoroughly equipped ichthy-\\nologist in reading the manuscript, passing upon its\\nscientific accuracy, and writing his graceful Prefatory\\nNote, I desire to make my grateful acknowledgments.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS\\nI.\\nII.\\nIII.\\nIV.\\nV.\\nVI.\\nVII..\\nVIII.\\nIX.\\nX.\\nXI.\\nXII.\\nXIII.\\nXIV.\\nXV.\\nXVI.\\nXVII.\\nXVIII.\\nXIX.\\nXX.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I\\nPAGE\\nPrefatory note v\\nAuthor s introduction vii\\nA lesson in advance of the subject 1\\nThe hatching and propagation of fish 6\\nThe salmon, and members of that family 17\\n-The ouananiche and the sea trout 32\\nThe bass family 41\\n-Muskallunge, pike, pickerel, pike perch 56\\nMiscellaneous fresh-water fish 67\\nFishing tackle\u00e2\u0080\u0094 what to select 85\\n-The tackle box and its contents 95\\n-Fly fishing 102\\nHow TO catch salmon and trout .111\\n-Ouananiche and sea-trout fishing 126\\n-Angling for bass 136\\nHow MUSKALLUNGE, pike, PICKEREL, AND PIKE PERCH\\nare caught 146\\nAngling for other fresh-water fish 158\\n-Camping how, when, and where 164\\nSpecial hints for anglers 179\\n-Comprising a chapter on don ts .194\\n-Open fishing seasons in United States and\\nCanada 200\\nSciENTIfIC NAMES OF FISH MENTIONED 209\\nxi", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS\\nPAGE\\nHow not to catch fish Frontispiece\\nBorn beneath the Fish s sign v\\nStudying angHng vii\\nFamiliar fish and how to catch them 1\\nHow to learn the rudiments of fishing 3\\nTrout egg ready to hatch 6\\nA fish way 9\\nTrout three da.ys old 14\\nJust caught 17\\nAtlantic Salmon 19\\nPacific Salmon 19\\nBrook Trout 21\\nRainbow Trout 25\\nBrown Trout 27\\nLake Trout 27\\nA bit of Lake St. John 32\\nA 7.1-pound Ouananiche 34\\nBass jumping 41\\nSmall-mouth Bass 43\\nLarge-mouth Bass 47\\nStrawberry Bnss 49\\nRock Bass 51\\nWhite Bass 53\\nA place for Pickerel 5f\\nMuskallunge 59\\nPike 59\\nHead of Muskallunge. Pike, Pickerel f 0\\nPickerel (13\\nPike Perch 63\\nStill fishing 07\\nYellow Perch G9\\nYellow Perch eggs 70\\nWhite Perch 72\\nScale Carp 74\\nLeather-back Carp 76\\nxiii", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "xiv FAMILIAR PISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURIE\\nPAGE\\nCatfish 79\\nFresh-water Sheepshead 81\\nBurbot 83\\nNecessary tackle 85\\nSizes of lines 90\\nSizes of hooks 91\\nKinds of hooks 92, 93\\nSnell hooks 93\\nSizes of oval spoons 94\\nSizes of kidney spoons 94\\nTackle box 95\\nLeader box 96\\nDrinking cup 98\\nCod hook 98\\nFish basket 99\\nRod case 99\\nTying gut 101\\nA well-tied fly 102\\nSalmon leaping a fall Ill\\nPlaying a Salmon 113\\nA Trout stream 117\\nAngling for Trout 120\\nCanoeing for Ouananiche 126\\nPlaying a Ouananiche 129\\nA string of Ouananiche 131\\nOuananiche Pool 133\\nA good string 136\\nPlaying a Black Bass 139\\nSpinner with Minnow 1^*^\\nA trolling spoon I l^\\nDouble and treble hooks 148\\nA gang of hooks 1\\nAbove-water tip-up 1^3\\nUnder-water tip-up 155\\nHook disgorger 157\\nThree Perch at a cast 158\\nA camp breakfast l^\\nA bark camp\\nA camp bed 1^9\\nA tent camp\\nHow to cook over a camp fire 1\\nA fisherman photographer l ^9\\nBass swimming (from life) 1^3\\nA releaser i\\nFigure of fish, showing the location of parts usually referred to in\\ndescriptions 1^^\\nA frog spear 18^", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "FAMILIAR FISH,\\nTHEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nCHAPTEK I\\nA LESSOX IN ADVANCE OF THE SUBJECT\\nThe best advice to give mod-\\nern seekers after sport is to be-\\ncome fishermen. Study tlie art\\na little and practice it much.\\nNothing can be more harmless,\\nsince only the nolder feelings are\\naroused. It can only result in complete satisfac-\\ntion. Seek the wilderness the farther away from\\ncivilization the better it will be.\\nFirst of all, it is absolntely necessary to know tlie\\nhow, when, and where of fishing. To learn\\nthis, one mnst begin at the very beginning the\\nhatching and breeding of the various game and food\\nfishes, which will give an insight into their nature.\\nA study of their names, distinguishing marks, and\\nhabits comes next. AV^hen this has been acquired it", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "2 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nnaturally follows that one should gain a thorough\\nknowledge of tackle rods, lines, reels, and especially\\nnatural and artificial bait and how to arrange and\\nuse it. All this comprises the how. The when\\nis learned in connection with it, since in studying it\\nthe nature and habits of fish become readily known.\\nThus the proper time to catch them is indicated, and\\nthe where as well. Any boy at all enthusiastic\\nover angling generally knows where to go a-fish-\\ning. Add to this knowledge that which has been\\nacquired through j) roper study, and the result is that\\nthe beginner soon becomes an adept, successful, full-\\nfledged fisherman. It can be readily understood that\\nthe study of fishing is neither a long nor an unpleas-\\nant task in any way, but, on the contrary, has a\\npeculiar fascination.\\nIt is very unfortunate tliat the natural supply of\\nfish is constantly being depleted by two avoidable\\ncauses: one, excessive greed the desire to take more\\nfish than can properly be disposed of the other, the\\nignoring of all game laws by taking fish out of season.\\nThe opportunity to make large catches frequently\\noccurs. If the temptation can not be withstood, then\\nremove the fish carefully from the hook and return\\nthem to the water, retaining only those badly injui ed,\\nor a sufiicient number to supply actual wants. That\\ncertainly should satisfy any inordinate craving to", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "4 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ncatch fish. Just remember that there are many other\\nfishermen to follow you in the years to come. They\\nwill be equally enthusiastic anglers, and equally desir-\\nous of success. Why not leave some fish for them,\\nand for yourself another day as well Avoid willful,\\nuseless slaughter of any kind.\\nToo much can not be said against the violation of\\nthe game laws the taking of fish out of season. It\\nis not only an illegal ofi^ense, punishable by heavy\\npenalties, but, what is far more important, it pre-\\nvents their natural increase, which is most necessary.\\nClose seasons were made to protect certain fish dur-\\ning their spawning time, when tliey are easily taken,\\nespecially in the vicinity of the hatching beds. Each\\nfish so caught means the loss of hundreds and thou-\\nsands of young fish about to be hatched out. It is\\nnot necessary to caution a good sportsman in regard\\nto this matter, but it is necessary for all to co-operate\\nand prevent others from violating the law. Protect\\n^all game and food fish in every way possible.\\nA few words of caution against carelessness may\\nbe spoken here, especially to young anglers. Acci-\\ndents are to be attributed almost entirely to this\\ncause. As the greater amount of fishing is done\\nfrom a boat, constant watchfulness should always be\\npracticed. Avoid haste and dangerous places. It is\\nbetter to lose a fish, or a day s fishing, or even to walk", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "A LES.SUN IN ADVANCE OF TOE SUBJECT 5\\na mile, than to have an accident occur through being\\ntoo hasty, or attempting a difhcult passage. The\\nsafest kind of a boat is dangerous when improperly\\nhandled. Rapids, falls, and rough waters should be\\navoided, unless a skilled hand guides the craft. One\\ncan not handle a boat properly and iish at the same\\ntime. An attempt to do this invites disaster and\\ncertainly prevents success.\\nThe angler must be prepared for nmch disap-\\npointment, for Iish will not bite constantly, nor every\\nday. They have peculiar, unexplainable moods that\\ncontinuing favoring conditions of water, wind, and\\nweather can not control. An understanding of their\\nnature and habits, together with a good knowledge\\nof tackle and how to use it, greatly increases the\\nchances of success. At all events, patience must be\\npracticed, and the poor fish should not always be\\nblamed.\\nOwing to the close similarity of various fish\\nmembers of the same family many errors are made\\nby fishermen in giving them their proper names. To\\nunderstand their distinguishing marks, consultation\\nof many Fish Commission reports is often necessary.\\nTo properly distinguish and name fish is very neces-\\nsary to know how to catch them, absolutely so. To\\npresent this knowledge in an authoritative, compact\\nform is the aiai of the following chapters.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER II\\nTHE HATCHING AND PKOPAGATION OF FISH\\nTrout egg ready to hatch.\\nAlmost everything material\\nis the result of a very small be-\\nginning, and especially is this\\ntrue of fish. Their beginning\\nis in an egg, and in nearly all\\ncases a particularly small egg\\nso small, in fact, that usually\\nten or twelve will cover a space\\nonly one inch long. There is absolutely no form\\nof life, either of mammals, birds, or reptiles, that\\nNature has planned to bring forth its kind so nu-\\nmerously as does the fish. That this was a most\\nwise provision will readily be understood when it is\\nknown that the enemies that feed upon tlie eggs and\\nthe fish themselves, through all stages of growth to\\nfull size, are innumeral)le. As the season of the\\nyear for spawning arrives, the female fish will be\\nfound to contain a very large number of eggs a\\nquantity difiicult to estimate, but usually averaging", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "THE HATCHING AND PROPAGATION OF FISH 7\\nmany thousands. To illustrate, it is well to note that\\na sahnon of 20 pounds will average about 1(),()00\\neggs a 5-pound ouananiche, 4,(100 a 2- to 4-pound\\nrainbow trout, 3,000 the brook trout averaging\\nsomewhat less. The lake trout is estimated to yield\\n1,000 eggs to each j^ound of its weight; a 2i-pound\\nblack bass will range from 2,000 to 10,000, the large-\\nmouth variety averaging more. AVhen ripe, the eggs\\nare deposited upon the spawning beds, which vary in\\nlocation with the nature of the various lish. It can\\nbe given as a general rule, however, that a gravel or\\nstony bottom usually forms the bed, although grass\\nand weeds are selected by some varieties. Many lish\\nseek sliallow running water for their hatching ground\\nothers, quite deep waters in lakes and ponds. Many\\neggs are imperfect or undeveloped, or not milted\\nupon by the male fish.\\nFrom the moment the eggs are being dropped\\nthe many enemies of the fish commence their attacks,\\nand it really seems strange that a single one should\\never hatch out or attain its growth. So-called bot-\\ntom fish, comprising bullheads, suckers, and carp, are\\nthe greatest destroyers of eggs. The bullhead and\\ncarp live exclusively upon spawn during the season,\\nand devour it in such cpiantities that tliey have often\\nbeen taken so completely filled as to be absolutely\\nunable to move. It is a great pity that the carp was", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "8 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\never iiitruduced from Germany into American waters.\\nIt is not even a fair food tisli not sufficiently line to\\ncompensate for its great destruction of spawn. In\\nconfined waters, especially, it will in a few years\\nabsolutely exterminate all other tisli by destroying\\ntheir eggs.\\nFrogs, and some aquatic birds, too, feed uj^on\\nfish eggs, while wading and swimming birds dislodge\\nthem from the beds, and thus cause them to be car-\\nried away by the current and lost. Male trout have\\noften been seen upon a spawning bed, catching and\\ndevouring the eggs almost as rapidly as they are\\ndropped by the female. This is common practice\\nwdth other fish as well. But when the eggs that have\\nescaped destruction have in due time hatched out,\\nthe enemies multiply. Young fish recently hatched\\nare called fry, and from that stage, during growth\\nuntil maturity, and even after, they are the natural\\nfood of larger fish, even of their own kind.\\nThe fouling and poisoning of streams and rivers\\nby the refuse from mills located upon them have\\ndone much to destroy fish generally. This defilement,\\ntogether with the erection of dams without proper\\nfish ways, absolutely prevents fish from ascending to\\nthe spawning beds. So serious had both of these\\nevils become some years ago, that the United States\\nGovernment, and most of the State governments", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "THE HATCHING AND PROPAGATION OP FISH 9\\nindividually, passed stringent laws against the defiling\\nof streams, even with sawdust, (ordering at the same\\ntime that all dams should be provided with lish ways.\\nWith all the various destroying agents just men-\\ntioned interfering w^ith, and in some instances abso-\\nlutely preventing, the natural hatching of iish, it\\nseems strange that any of the game and food varie-\\nties should have been left. Had not artificial hatch-\\ning and propagating been resorted to, there certainly\\nwould not have been. This fact was long since rec-\\nA fish way.\\nognized by the United States and State governments\\nhatcheries were built and fish commissions formed to\\ncare for them. The first attempt to hatch trout arti-\\nficially was made in Ohio in 1853, and was very suc-\\ncessful. A large number of hatcheries are now\\nlocated at suitable points all over the country. Im-\\nmense numbers of fish of many varieties are hatched\\nthere and raised to a sufficient size to insure their\\nreaching their full growth when planted in rivers and\\nlakes. This method prevents the destruction of both\\neggs and young fish, causing a very much larger pro-\\nportion to gi-ow to full size than would be possible", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "10 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nunder natural conditions. To illustrate this it may\\nbe stated tliat those familiar with the subject claim\\nthat not even twenty per cent of the eggs deposited\\nin a wdld state are hatched out to reach the fry stage,\\nand that but a small proportion of these reach matu-\\nrity. In artificial hatching ninety -five to ninety-seven\\nper cent are usually batched out, and nearly that\\namount can be raised to a proj^er size to plant in\\nvarious waters.\\nThe best advice to give a young fisherman is to\\nascertain the location of the nearest Government or\\nState hatchery, and to visit it at the proper season,\\nallowing ample time to study its workings. Since\\nthat is not always possible, however, a description of\\nthe artificial hatching and propagation of fish will be\\nnecessary. The methods followed with the many\\nvarieties would require a vohnne by themselves;\\ntherefore it is better to select one i*epresentative fish,\\nand explain the process fully. As the details of the\\nwork are very similar with all species, sufiicient in-\\nsight will be given into them in this way to insure a\\ngood general understanding of the whole sul)ject.\\nThe spawning season of the difi erent fresh -water\\nfishes varies to such an extent, that nearly every\\nmonth of the year is represented by some one variety.\\nAgain, in diiferent parts of the country, the particu-\\nlar season of a species varies materially. This, of", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "THE HATCHING AND PROPAGATION OF FISH H\\ncourse, is caused entirely by the climate whether\\nwarmer or colder. Then, also, the different tempera-\\ntures of waters in the same neighborhood make a\\nmaterial difference. Thus, black bass commence to\\nspawn soon after the ice leaves. In large shallow\\nlakes and rivers, where the waters warm rapidly, i^ pril\\nand early May is their season. In deeper, cooler\\nwaters it extends through May, and even into June.\\nPerhaps the best fish to illustrate the process of\\nartificial hatching and propagating, is the most popu-\\nlar one with all fishermen the brook trout. The\\ngreatest efforts have been directed toward multiply-\\ning this member of the salmon family on account of\\nits popularity, and absolute success has been attained.\\nOctober is the regular spawning season of the trout,\\nalthough September or JSTovember may be the time,\\nin the case of very warm or very cold waters.\\nBeyond any question the brook trout is absolutely\\nthe handsomest and most delicate fish we have in the\\nEast. It is found .only in the cleanest and purest\\ncold water, the least contamination sufiicing to di ive\\nit away. Living entirely upon live food, the brook\\ntrout rarely, if ever, devours anything dead. As the\\nspawning season approaches, these fish ascend the\\nsmall streams, seeking shallow spots with a clean\\ngravel bottom, over which a good current flows.\\nHere the female removes the sand with her tail, and.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "12 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\npushing aside the gravel with her nose, forms a shal-\\nlow nest. In this the eggs are deposited, and, when\\nmilted upon by the male, are covered with loose\\ngravel, then left until hatched.\\nDuring the spawning season large quantities of\\neggs are secured from wild fish by the hatcheries at\\nthe natural beds. Many trout are also taken in nets\\nthroughout the year and kept in ponds until ripe,\\nbut as the facilities for keeping a quantity of fish\\nare limited, an additional amount of sj^awn must be\\nsecured. The beds are easily found, and when the\\ntrout arrive, they are taken, a few at a time, in small\\nnets. An expert employe can note in a moment if a\\nfish is ripe if not, it is returned to the water. When\\nthe fish is held by the tail the eggs will move toward\\nthe head, leaving the stomach shrunken if it is\\nunripe this will not occur. The eggs and milt from\\nthe females and males are dropped separately into\\npans and at once gently mixed with a feather. After\\nstanding a few moments, they are carefully and con-\\nstantly washed in pure running water until absolutely\\nclean. The eggs, heretofore adhering, separate in an\\nhour or less, and are then placed in gravel-bottom\\ntroughs, and left alone for some thirty days. After\\nthat period eye spots begin to appear, whereupon the\\neggs are placed in gauze-covered trays, in troughs of\\nrunning water, there to remain until hatched out.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "THE HATCHING AND PROPAGATION OP FISH 13\\nDuring the first month the eggs can be packed in\\nespecially prepared boxes, and sent without injury to\\nany part of the world. After being placed in troughs\\nor hatching boxes, through which a stream of cold\\nwater constantly flows, they must be examined fre-\\nquently, and all imperfect ones removed. A few bad\\nones mingled with the others would soon cause all\\nto be covered with a fungus-like growth that would\\nspoil the entire number in the trough. Usually about\\nthree months are required to hatch out the eggs, de-\\npendent entirely upon the coldness of the water. If\\nit is very cold\u00e2\u0080\u0094 35\u00c2\u00b0 to 40\u00c2\u00b0 four or five months will\\nbe necessary.\\nGreat care must be taken in handling the eggs,\\nto avoid shaking or jarring them, as any violent or\\nsudden motion is liable to divide the yolks and\\ndestroy the germs. Incidentally, it may be men-\\ntioned here that the famous double- tailed goldfish\\nfrequently seen are raised in Japan, and are pro-\\nduced by violently shaking the eggs in a pan. This\\ncauses the hatching of many monstrosities, some\\nwith double heads or double bodies, others with\\ndouble tails, but generally only the latter survive.\\nWith the exercise of the greatest care quite a large\\nnumber of odd fish are hatched out, some having\\nseveral heads or tails, many double bodies, or are dis-\\ntorted in soma strange way. The most peculiar are", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "14 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\npreserved in alcohol, and can be seen at any of the\\nhatcheries.\\nAs soon as they are hatched out, the young hsh, or\\nfry, as they are called, require great care and atten-\\ntion. Quite a number die, and must be carefully re-\\nmoved for the same reason that prescribes the removal\\nTrout three days old.\\nof imperfect eggs. During the first three or four\\nweeks a small sac remains attached to the stomach\\nof the fish, which Nature provides as its source of\\nnourishment. At this stage their growth is quite\\nrapid, and it is at this time that the young fry can\\nbe safely shipped in cans to a distance, to be used in\\nstocking streams. No artificial food is needed, and\\nif the water in the cans is properly aerated by chang-\\ning it or putting in pieces of ice, but few die during\\nthe journey.\\nWhen the sacs begin to disappear, artificial feed-\\ning must be resorted to, raw liver only being used.\\nThis is mashed up in water to the consistence of", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "THE HATCHING AND PROPAGATION OF FISH 15\\npudding, and passed through a fine sieve. A little\\nof it is dipped out at a time on a feather and floated\\nin the troughs, the process being repeated six or\\neight times a daj. The fish eagerly take it. As\\nthey grow in size the liver is fed in larger quantities,\\nmuch coarser, but less frequently. It is necessary\\nalso, as they become larger, to reduce the number of\\nfish in each trough, to avoid overcrowding and suffo-\\ncation. Fish hatched in the winter or early spring\\nwill grow from three to six inched in length (finger-\\nlings) by November, but previous to this they have\\nl)een taken from the troughs and placed in ponds or\\nlarge tanks. During the summer of the following\\nyear they have become yearlings from G to 8 inches\\nlong, and are ready to spawn in the fall.\\nIt is well to state in connection with hatching\\nthat the black bass has been found to be one ot the\\nmost difficult of fish to propagate artificially, and\\nonly within a few years has success been attained.\\nIt was with great difficulty that the female could be\\nstripped of her eggs, and it was found necessary to\\nkill and open the male to secure the milt. On this\\naccount the fish are now placed in specially bnilt\\nponds, properly prepared, the hatching out of the fry\\nthus progressing naturally without any artificial aid\\nwhatever. As soon as possible the young fish are\\nseparated fro^n the older ones, which prevents the", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "16 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nlatter from eating them, and enables a much larger\\nnumber to grow to full size than would under nat-\\nural surroundings.\\nWith all other fresh-water fishes but little diffi-\\nculty is found in reaching full success, the methods\\nfollowed being in general quite similar to those fol-\\nlowed in the hatching of trout as just described. The\\nUnited States Fish Commission is also engaged ex-\\ntensively in hatching out a number of salt-water\\nfish, including cod; mackerel, flounder, tautog, had-\\ndock, w^eakfish, sheepshead, and herring. In addi-\\ntion, special attention is being given to the propaga-\\ntion of the oyster and lobster, since both, the latter\\nparticularly, are being rapidly exterminated.\\nFrom the foregoing it can be seen that the artifi-\\ncial hatching of fish is very successful, and that with-\\nout it, and the attendant stocking of the streams with\\nyoung fish in various stages of growth, many of our\\nbest fish would by this time have almost disappeared.\\nThe continuation of this good work will prevent the\\noccurrence of this calamity. Any of the fish can be\\nhad w^ithout cost from the various hatcheries upon\\nproper application to the State Fish Commissioners.\\nIt is the duty of all fishermen to see that young fish\\nare supplied to their nearby waters that is, the proper\\nkind adapted to them. With an allotment planted\\neach year, the fishing wall continue uniformly good.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER III\\nTHE SALMON, AND MEMBERS OF THAT FAMILY\\nJust caught.\\nWith a little study it\\nshould not be difficult to dis-\\ntinguish fish, one from another,\\nand to designate them by their\\nproper names. Unfortunately\\nit is a fact, however, that many\\nold fishermen do not make proper distinctions, and,\\neither from habit or lack of knowledge, persist in\\nmisnaming them. It is true that in diiferent parts\\nof the various States a certain fish may have a dozen\\ndifferent real names. But this should not interfere\\nwith its right to its true family designation. More-\\nover, it is always better to give a fish its proper or\\ncommonly accepted name, as then no error or mis-\\ntake can occur. No reference is made here to the\\nLatin specific and sub-specific designations, but to\\nthe proper English appellation. The most common\\nmistakes are made with different members of the\\nsalmon family^ and with the varieties of pike, pick-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "18 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nere], and bass. It is best, therefore, to describe their\\ndistinguishing marks and peculiarities in detail,\\nwhich will enable the young hsherman to recognize\\nwith a little practice the fish he has caught, and to\\ndesignate it properly.\\nThe most important fish those that are held in\\nthe highest estimation at least are the various mem-\\nbers of the salmon family, consisting of the salt-water\\nsalmon itself and its direct and indirect descendants.\\nAt the head of all stand the brook, or speckled trout,\\nwhich is most commonly found, the brown trout of\\nEurope, and the rainbow trout of California. The\\nbest distinctive mark of the SahnonidcB^ as the family\\nis collectively called, is a small fin on the back just\\nbefore the tail. It is called the adipose fin, and is\\nnot composed of spines or rays, as are all other fins,\\nbut of flesh or gristle. This fin is a characteristic of\\nall the members of the salmon family without excep-\\ntion. It is also found on the various kinds of white-\\nfish and the smelt, which would indicate their rela-\\ntionship to the salmon in the past. The catfishes,\\ntoo, have it, as well as a number of related groups.\\nThere is no mistaking the salmon among the other\\nfishes of the Atlantic. It is similar only to itself.\\nIn the Atlantic Ocean but one species is found, but\\nin the Pacific there are five, known as the king or\\nquinnat, the red, silver, humpback, and dog salmon.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "^1f\\nk,", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "20 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nThe red salmon, or redfisli or blue-back, as it is\\nusually designated on the Columbia River is most\\nplentiful in Alaska, and is the one mostly used by the\\nmany canneries from Sitka northward. The king\\nsalmon is the largest and most vakiable, however, and\\nis canned in great numbers on the Columbia. It is a\\ncurious fact that, while the Atlantic salmon takes the\\nfly readily in fresh water, its five relatives of the\\nPacific do not. This is because they never feed in\\nfresh water. They are usually netted or speared as.\\nin vast schools, they run up the rivers to the spawn-\\ning grounds on the Columbia. Sometimes they are\\ncaught by means of large buckets attached to wheels,\\nwhich are revolved by the current. These buckets\\nscoop up the fish as they ascend, depositing them in\\ntroughs. To the angler this appears to be a crime,\\nbut any method of taking fish wholesale is open to\\nthat criticism. Year by year, from Alaska to Cali-\\nfornia, more salmon are caught than are born, and\\neach species is on the way toward partial extinction.\\nAs already stated, the most widely distributed\\nand most plentiful of the salmon family in the regions\\nof the East generally frequented by anglers the one\\nwith which all are familiar is the brook or speckled\\ntrout, red -spotted with markings of green. It is\\nfound from Maine to Georgia in all clear w^aters\\nsuitable for its life, westward through the Great", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "1^ 1", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "22 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nLakes region as far as Minnesota, and in Canada\\nfrom the Labrador peninsula to the Saskatchewan.\\nOwing to its strong nature and abiUty to adapt itself\\nto new surroundings, it has been planted in waters to\\nwhich it is not native, and has thriven there wonder-\\nfully. Thus it has been successfully transplanted to\\nstreams in Minnesota, Wisconsin, Colorado, Wyom-\\ning, and Cahfornia, and has increased there; but,\\nstrangely enough, attempts to introduce it in English\\nwaters have not been an absolute success. I quote\\non this point Mr. K. B. Marston, editor of the Fish-\\ning Gazette, London Millions of fry and yearlings\\nof Salmo fontinalis have been put into English\\nrivers, and I know of no single instance where the\\nattempt to stock a river or stream with them has\\nbeen successful. After a time, not much more than\\na year as a rule, they disappear. I have seen a long\\nstretch of a trout stream alive with thousands of\\nhealthy two-year- and three-year-old fontinalis one\\nseason, and the next there was not one to be seen\\nand yet they do well in both this country and in Ger-\\nmany when kept in trout-breeding ponds, and so our\\nfish breeders keep on breeding them and selHng them.\\nI suspect the real secret of their non-success in our\\nrivers is that they find the water in the summer\\nmonths too warm for them.\\nThere is no difficulty whatever in distinguishing", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "THE SALMON, AND MEMBERS OF THAT FAMILY 23\\ntlie brook trout from either the rainbow trout or the\\nbrown trout, or to distinguish the two latter from\\neach other.\\nThere is considerable variety in the color of brook\\ntrout, caused by sex, age, or local conditions. The\\nhead, back, sides, and dorsal tin are of a greenish\\ncolor that often merges into a heavy black, under\\nwhich are twisted markings or vermiculations of a\\ndifferent shade. There is also a general absence of\\nspots on the back. Neither of the other trout men-\\ntioned has these twisted markings, but instead both\\nhave spots on the back, these sj)ots being black, as on\\nthe salmon, never red.\\nAlong the middle of the sides of the brook trout\\nare varying numbers of bright red spots surrounded\\nby cream- or brown-colored areas. The belly is usu-\\nally a l^right, clean, creamy white, with often a red\\nband low down along the side on the male. The\\nlower fins are brown or red, the front edge white,\\nbordered with black. Taken altogether, it is by far\\nthe handsomest of the trout family.\\nThe rainbow trout is a native of the clear streams\\nof California, from which region it was brought to the\\nEastern States. It is known also under the name of\\nCalifornia trout. Its transplantation to the eastern\\nUnited States has been inarkedly successful, for it has\\nmultiplied there rapidly. Observation and experience", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "24 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\njustify tlie belief that the rainbow trout can be used\\nto stocji streams formerly inhabited by brook trout,\\nbut in which the latter can no longer thrive owing to\\nchanged conditions unfavorable to its habits. The\\nrainbow is also adapted to warmer and deeper waters,\\nand can live wdiere the brook trout can not. They\\ncertainly increase more rapidly, as, unlike the brook\\ntrout, they will not devour their young, nor wilJ\\nthey take a minnow of any kind unless forced by hun-\\nger, in the absence of other food.\\nAs is the case with the brook trout, the rainbow\\nvaries much in coloring, according to the water it\\ninhabits, its sex, and age. The back is usually of a\\nbluish color, the sides and belly being silvery. Along\\nthe middle of the side, running the whole length of\\nthe body, is a narrow, semi-distinct, iridescent red or\\npink stripe. Fi-om this marking the fish is j)roperly\\nnamed. Below this band there are usually no spots,\\nbut above and on the back are a large number of\\nplain black ones. It has no colored spots whatever,\\nr The brown trout is the common trout of Europe,\\nknown in Germany as Forelle. It is not necessary\\nto give a detailed description of this fish, for the rea-\\nson that at present but an insignificant number are\\nbeing taken. Comparatively few waters have thus\\nfar been stocked, and it is only occasionally that one is\\ntaken outside. Some years ago a quantity of the eggs", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "26 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nof this fish were sent to the United States from both\\nEngland and Germany. These were successfully\\nhatched out, and a number of the hatcheries now\\nraise some each year. They are much more vora-\\ncious than either the brook or rainbow trout, and con-\\nstantly devour small trout fry and fish even their\\nown kind. It is not wise, therefore, to plant them in\\nthe same waters, with other trout. They are easily\\ndistinguished from the brook or rainbow varieties.\\nThe back and sides are decidedly brown, the back\\nhaving many black spots instead of the vermicula-\\ntions of the brook trout. The sides are beautifully\\nspotted with red, and the belly is silvery white.\\nIn shallow streams and rivers, except perhaps dur-\\ning the spawning season, trout of any of the* varieties\\nrarely exceed two or three pounds in weight in fact\\nthe average would be considerably under one pound.\\nIn deep water lakes, such as the Rangeleys of Maine\\nand the lakes of the Canadian wilderness, the brook\\ntrout has been taken of all weights up to and over ten\\npounds. In California waters rainbows of twelve\\npounds have frequently been taken. Brown trout of\\nten to eleven pounds have been caught in hatchery\\nwaters.\\nAnother prominent member of the salmon family,\\none especially esteemed as a food fish, is the lake\\ntrout. It is frequently and improperly called a sal-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "28 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nmon trout, this being a name used in England for a\\nlarge form of trout found in brackish water or in\\ntlie sea. The lake trout is well classed as a northern\\niish, being found in northern lakes only. It rarely,\\nif ever, occurs in streams or rivers. The inland lakes\\nof Maine, Kew Hampshire, J^ew York, Eastern\\nCanada, the chain of the Great Lakes, and westward\\nto British Columbia, are the waters it inhabits.\\nWhere found, it usually is plentiful and of good\\nweight, easily averaging from four to ten pounds,\\nand often weighing fifteen to twenty, occasionally\\neven much more.\\nDiffering from that of the other trouts, its tail is\\ndecidedly forked instead of square. Its color is a\\ndark gray, and the entire body and fins are covered\\nwith pale white or grayish spots. Except during\\nvery early spring and the spawning season (October\\nand November), when it seeks shallow stony bars for\\nits beds, the lake trout is decidedly a deep-water fish,\\nand is taken only on the bottom of the lakes. It is\\nomnivorous, eating everything, and cases are known\\nwhere even corncobs and knives have been found in\\nits stomach. After the minnow period it is too for-\\nmidable to be attacked by other fish, which materially\\naccounts for its being plentiful. In addition to its\\nprowess it is a very prolific breeder. Much skill and\\npatience are required to catch the lake trout, as will", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "THE SALMON, AND MEMBERS OF THAT FAMILY 29\\nbe shown later but one is rewarded for his labors, as\\nit is a particularly fine table fish. Its flesh is of either\\na light pink or yellow shade, and it is usually boiled.\\nWith the whitefish it is unquestionably the most\\nnoted fresh-water food fish.\\nThe lake trout can readily be recognized from the\\nbrief description given above. There is no other fish\\nthat resembles it in any way.\\nThere are several minor trouts to be mentioned to\\ncomplete the subject, but as they are not at all plenti-\\nful, or are only found in special localities remote from\\nthe Atlantic seaboard, a detailed description is not\\nnecessary. Such are the cutthroat of the Kocky\\nMountains and the Pacific coast the Tahoe trout the\\nsteelhead trout of California the Loch Leven trout,\\na few of which were introduced by the United States\\nFish Commission the blue-back trout of Maine the\\nred-spotted trout, or Dolly Yarden, of the West the\\nsaibling of Europe, and its near relative, the Sunapee,\\nor golden trout. The last named is found only in Suna-\\npee Lake, New Hampshire, and one lake in Maine,\\nand is in reality one of the most charming of the\\ntrout family.\\nProperly speaking, the grayling should be men-\\ntioned in connection with the Sahnonu/ce. Unfortu-\\nnately, its habitat is confined to a very limited area of\\ncountry, and it is therefore known to but comparatively", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "30 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nfew anglers. Primarily it is native to tlie rivers and\\nstreams of Alaska, but it is found also in some of the\\nstreams on tlie west side of the Yellowstone Park, and\\nin the rivers of northern Michigan, In Michigan,\\nhowever, it is being rapidly exterminated by anglers,\\nand to a far greater extent by sawmills. It is beyond\\nquestion one of the most beautiful fish found in the\\nUnited States, not even excepting the male Sunapee\\ntrout. Its color is a brilliant, purplish gray, the sides\\nof the head having: bridit bluish and bronze reflec-\\ntions. The fins have alternate rows of rose, dark,\\nand green colored lines or spots. It is impossible to\\ndescribe properly the beauty of this fish it must be\\nseen to understand Nature s painting. Being also an\\nespecially game, hard fighter, it easily takes its place\\nin the foremost rank of the salmon, or more especially\\nthe trout family.\\nThe different whitefish that are supposed to have\\ndescended from the salmon in the past are a superior\\nfood fish, but are caught only in nets. On this\\naccount no further mention or description of them is\\nnecessary. The lake whitefish, the cisco, or herring,\\nand the round whitefish, or frost fish, comprise the\\nfamily.\\nIt is well to state that all the small-scaled, red-\\nspotted trout are known in England as chars. The\\nmeaning of the name is red, or blood hence.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "THE SALMON, AND MEMBERS OP THAT FAMILY 31\\nalso, blood-colored, or red bellj. As this color\\nis found to a greater or less extent in all the trouts,\\nthe appropriateness of the appellation is easily seen.\\nThis review of the salmon family would be far\\nfrom complete were the subject of sea trout and a\\ndescription of the ouananiche or so-called landlocked\\nsalmon omitted. These varieties are coming into\\nincreased prominence through the large number of\\nfishermen now seeking them, and as comparatively\\nlittle is known regarding them, they are worthy of a\\nchapter to themselves.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IV\\nTHE OUANANICHE AND THE SEA TROUT\\nA bit of Lake St. John.\\nThe onananiche, or land-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2locked salmon of Canada, has\\ncome considerably to the fore\\nin the past few years, and be-\\nyond question it is the most-\\ntalked-of iish among anglers\\nto-day. Its natural home is\\nin Lake St. John, Province\\nof Quebec, and its tributary waters, as well as in\\nsome of the rivers of the Labrador peninsula. A\\nvariety of the salmon closely related to it is the ordi-\\nnary landlocked salmon of the Maine lakes. The\\nouananiche of Canada is more properly a rough-\\nwater fish, generally found in the rivers, the smaller\\nportion being caught in the lakes but in Maine the\\nlandlocked salmon is almost entirely taken in the\\ndead water of lakes.\\nThe name ouananiche is of Indian origin, proba-\\nbly given to it by the Moutagnais Indians of Lake\\n32", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "THE OUANANICIIE AND THE SEA TROUT 33\\nSt. Joliii. Properly translated, it means oiianan,\\nsalmon, iche, the diminutive little little\\nsalmon. To call tlie fish landlocked is an error and\\na misnomer, as it is to some extent anadromous that\\nis, it can and does seek the sea. Lake St. John is\\nopen to the ocean through its outlet the Saguenay\\nKiver which empties into the St. Lawrence. The\\nlower Saguenay is entirely salt, and the ouananiche\\nare frequently taken near its mouth, thus proving\\ntheir ability to live in salt water.\\nThe Lake St. John Ush will average in weight\\nfrom 2^ to 3^ pounds, with not over 8 or 8^ pounds\\nrecorded as the largest taken there. In Maine the\\naverage weight is considerably gi eater, with a record\\nof 20 pounds, and even more. This difference in\\nweight may result from a difference in species or\\nenvironment. The latter is probably the cause.\\nThe ouananiche is the closest relative of the salt-\\nwater salmon known in reality there is not much\\ndifference. Placed side by side and compared, it will\\nbe found that their contour, color, markings in fact,\\ntheir whole general appearance, excepting size is\\nvery similar. The salmon, of course, is taken very\\nmuch larger, varying in different localities. A good\\naverage is about 20 pounds, l)ut fish of 30 or 40\\npounds have often been killed. The home of the\\nsalmon is in -the sea, tlie fish seeking fresh-water", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "THE OUANANICHE AND THE SEA TROUT 35\\nrivers only in the summer to spawn the habitat of\\nthe ouananiche is naturally in fresh water, and the\\nonly diiferences between the two are those resulting\\nfrom the difference in habits.\\nWhen first taken from the water the ouananiche\\nhas a beautiful peacock-blue cast of color, which dis-\\nappears at death, changing to the light-gray back and\\nsides and silvery belly of the salmon. A number of\\nblack spots are found on the gill covers, and the St.\\nAndrew s cross markings on the upper part of the\\nbody are numerous.\\nPound for pound, the ouananiche can greatly out-\\nfight the salmon, and none of the fresh- water fish can\\nequal it in this respect. The black bass approaches\\nit the nearest, but never equals it. A good lusty 3-\\nor 4-pound fish requires fully ten minutes or more to\\nbe tired out and killed, and he is a fortunate fisher-\\nman, indeed, who does not lose nearly as many as he\\nsaves. Their leaps from the water are not only con-\\nstant, but something wonderful in height, and will\\naverage eight or ten in number before they are\\nbrought to net.\\nThe ouananiche possesses particularly large fins\\nand tail, which increase materially its fighting and\\njumping powers, and especially enable it to inhabit\\nthe rough, swift-flowing waters, where it is found.\\nThere is never ^ny diificulty in distinguishing it when", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "36 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ncaught, owing to its identity with tlie salmon, as\\nexplained.\\nIn 1875 the United States Fish Commission, rec-\\nognizing the especial value of the ouananiche as a\\ngame and food fish, commenced hatching it, and since\\nthat date has steadily increased its activity in that\\ndirection. Several of the fish commissions of the\\nStates have also undertaken its propagation with\\nsi)lendid results. A large number of lakes have been\\nstocked, and young fish are now frequently taken.\\nBut a short time will intervene before the ouananiche\\nwill be found in many places. The Maine variety is\\nused for hatching, and, while it differs somewhat\\nfrom that of Lake St. John, being a deep-, instead of\\na rough-water fish, it will soon be the most sought\\nafter of all fresh-water fish, not even excepting the\\nblack bass.\\nIt has usually been believed that the ouananiche\\nis entirely distinct from the salt-water salmon, but\\nnow it is generally considered to be a local variety.\\nWhy it does not seek the sea, as is the case with its\\nclose relative, can not be explained, unless by attrib-\\nuting it to a lack of migratory instinct. A peculiar-\\nity of the ouananiche that is difiicult to explain is\\nthat it is so much smaller than the salmon. The only\\npossible reason to oifer is that the fresh waters it\\ninhabits do not afford as plentiful food as does the", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "THE OUANANICIIE AND THE SEA TROUT 37\\nocean. The flesh of the ouananiche, while of the\\nsame color and texture as that of the salmon, is much\\nleaner, not having the thick layers of fat found in\\nthe latter when just run up from the sea. A possi-\\nble explanation of this may he found in the fact that\\nthe salmon does not feed at all from the time it\\nenters fresh water until it again reaches the ocean.\\nTherefore Nature provides it with this great quantity\\nof fat to live upon.\\nThe methods of artificially hatching the ouanan-\\niche vary but little, if at all, from those followed\\nwith the other Salmonidce. Perhaps not quite so\\nlarge a proportion of tKe egga are hatched out as in\\nthe case of the other species, for the reason that a\\nlarge number are diseased in some way. The occur-\\nrence of white eggs among the normally colored\\nhealthy ones is very common, and occasionally the\\nentire lot from a fish is defective. This may l)e\\ncaused by disease or lack of development.\\nMany anglers are now turning their attention to\\ncatching sea trout, either on account of the novelty\\nof tlie sport or l)ecause tliey believe that they are\\ntaking a new variety of fish. That there is novelty\\nin such fishing can not be denied, but that the fish is\\nnew in any way certainly can be. For a number of\\nyears there was much diversity of o])inion among\\nauthorities as fo the identitv of this member of tlie", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "38 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nsalmon family, which now seems to be settled. There\\nis no doubt that the sea trout and the brook trout are\\none and the same lish. It is broadly claimed that\\nany of the trout can live as well in salt water as they\\ncan in fresh, and everything seems to prove the\\nclaim to be correct. All trout grow to a larger size\\nin salt water than in the brooks or rivers, and they\\nlose their spots in the sea, becoming pale and silvery\\nin color.\\nBrook trout originalh^ were found at a distance\\nnot greater than three hundred miles back from the\\nocean in waters tributary to it. Where conditions of\\ntemperature were favoi able, they invariably sought\\nsalt water. When transplanted to, or found in, in-\\nland waters, they have adapted themselves to fresh-\\nwater conditions as well.\\nAll members of the trout family require cold\\nwater for their habitat, averaging about 68\u00c2\u00b0 or less.\\nTherefore they must either seek the cold water of\\nthe ocean or, if barred from that by long stretches of\\nwarm-river waters, they must seek tlie cold, small\\ntributaries high up in the hills. While trout are\\nfound in the highland streams south of New York as\\nfar as South Carolina, they are not able to seek the\\nsea on account of the warm, intervening waters. In\\nLong Island streams all trout are seagoing. From\\nthat point along the coast northward sea trout are", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "THE OUANANICHE AND THE SEA TROUT 30\\nrarely, if ever, found until the northern shores of\\nMaine and New Brunswick are reached. All rivers\\nflowing into the St. Lawrence as far west as Quebec,\\nas well as those entering the Saguenay and those of\\nthe Labrador coast, are especially noted for most ex-\\ncellent sea-trout fishing, and are the favorite resorts\\nof anglers.\\nTo quote from Mr. George Brown Goode The\\nidentity of the Canadian sea trout and the brook\\ntrout is still denied by many, though the decision of\\ncompetent authorities has settled the question beyond\\ndoubt. The best proof of the identity of the two\\nfish is found in a test made a few years since at the\\nGovernment salmon hatchery at Tadousac, w^iicli is\\nlocated at the mouth of the Saguenay Kiver, Brook\\ntrout were taken from inland waters absolutely land-\\nlocked from the sea and placed in a salt-water pond\\nat Tadousac. Through close observation it was\\nfound that in from two to four weeks the color of\\nthe fish changed to a dull gray, and the red spots\\nfaded to a dark-cream shade. The fish were then\\nleft in salt water several months, and were then\\nplaced in a fresh- water inclosure, again being sub-\\njected to close observation. Within two to four\\nweeks they changed back to their original vivid col-\\norings, the red spots becoming as bright as when the\\nfish were first taken from their native water. The", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "40 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AKD CAPTURE\\ntransferring from fresh to salt water did not seem to\\ndistress them in any way, nor was any change of any\\nkind noted in them other than that of color.\\nAs a further argument it can be added that the\\nrainbow or California trout have free access to the\\nsea, and are frequently taken in salt water along the\\nPacihc coast.\\nIn all ways the sea trout corresponds with the\\nbrook trout when taken in fresh water. If taken in\\nsalt water, there will only be the variation of coloring\\nmentioned above.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER Y\\nTHE BASS FAMILY\\nFollowing the salmon\\nfamily, the one next in impor-\\ntance to the fisherman tliat\\nof the basses slionld be de-\\nscribed. There are several\\nkinds worthy of mention, the\\ntwo principal ones being the small- and large-mouth\\nblack bass. To the beginner, at least, it is difficult\\nto distinguish one from the other, as their general\\nappearance is quite similar. There is quite a dif-\\nference to be found, however, upon close compari-\\nson, and considerable variation exists in their nature,\\nhabits, and fighting qualities. All meml)ers of the\\nfamily are often found in the same waters, and at\\none time and place one can take with the same bait\\nsmall- and large-month, calico or strawberry bass and\\nrock bass.\\nThe large- and small -mouth bass ai*e probably the\\nmost widely distributed variety of fish thi onghont\\n41", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "42 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nthe country. This is especially true of the large-\\nmouth, whose natural range is from the Great Lakes\\nsouth to Florida, Texas, and Mexico, and west as far\\nas Dakota and ^Nebraska. The small -mouth was\\noriginally found in Canada, and in the United States\\nfrom Lake Champlain to Manitoba and south to\\nFlorida and Louisiana, and across Texas to Chihua-\\nhua. Both kinds seem al)le to stand great extremes\\nof temperature, providing the changes are not too\\nsudden. As they seem to thrive under almost all\\nconditions, it has been comparatively easy to distrib-\\nute them. They have been successfully planted in\\nall parts of the United States where they were not\\nnative, and in the waters of England, France, and\\nGermany as well. Calico and rock bass are found\\nnaturally in practically the same waters as the small-\\nmouth. The latter especially has been transplanted\\nquite generally.\\nThe natural food of the black bass varies greatly,\\nbeing markedly influenced by the weather and the\\ntemperature of the water. They are very voracious,\\nand devour their own kind and all other fish indis-\\ncriminately. Their natural food comprises crabs,\\nminnows, frogs, w^orms, dobsons, tadpoles, crickets,\\nand flies. At times both the large- and small-mouth,\\nas all fishermen know, absolutely refuse to take any\\nkind of bait whatever, while at other times they bite", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "..^^iWh\\nitl", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "44 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIE HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ngreedily at almost anything. Small snakes, rats,\\nand pieces of vegetables have been found in their\\nstomachs.\\nThe black bass watch over their young fish until\\nafter they have passed the fry stage, and will attack\\nsavagely any other fish approaching. Later on, these\\nyoung fish furnish food for larger bass, probably for\\ntheir own progenitors as well.\\nBecause they are distributed so generally over the\\ncounti-y, black bass have received a multiplicity of\\nlocal names, especially in the South. The large-\\nmouth is frequently known as the Oswego bass, lake\\nbass, green bass, yellow bass, moss bass, bayou bass,\\ntrout, jumper, and chub. The small-mouth is desig-\\nnated as lake bass, brown bass, ninny bass, hog bass,\\nblack perch, trout perch, brown perch, and jumper.\\nAVitli the exception of the ouananiche, the black\\nbass is the gamest and hardest fighter of all fresh-\\nwater fishes. No matter by what method it is\\ncaught, it makes a very hard struggle for life.\\nOwing to their hard, long-continued fighting, a large\\nnumber of those hooked are lost, even with i]\\\\e most\\ndelicate handling by the most expert fishermen.\\nThere seems to be a variety of opinion in regard\\nto the respective fighting qualities of the small- and\\nlarge-mouth bass, many fishermen claiming that they\\nshould be placed on an equality. This may be true", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "THE BASS FAMILY 45\\nill the warm waters of the South, but in the cohler\\nw^aters of the North it is not. The small-mouth can\\nwell be compared to a bulldog, as it will fight to the\\nlast without seeming to tire out. The large-mouth,\\non the other hand, fights hard for a short time with\\nthe same strength as will its relative, but is then\\ntaken to net with only a few additional spasmodic\\nrushes. The expert fisherman can generally tell\\nwhich of the two has taken his hook long before he\\nsees it.\\nWhile both species inhabit the same waters, they\\nare usually taken on decidedly difi: erent bottoms, the\\nsmall-mouth being found on stony bars or shoals,\\nvarying in depth from two or three to forty or fifty\\nfeet, while the large-mouth is generally found in the\\nvicinity of weeds or rushes and on muddy Ijottom.\\nAs the cold weather approaches, the latter seeks\\ndeeper water, but always in bays that contain w^eeds\\nand soft mud. It usually spawns in shallow water,\\namong weeds and rushes bordering the shores; the\\nsmall-mouth invariably spawns on stony or gravel\\nbottom. There is no question, therefore, that the\\nlatter is by far the cleaner fish.\\nThere are three material diiferences between the\\ntwo varieties that readily distinguish them. The\\nmost noticeable is the size of the mouth, which is\\nmuch larger -in one than in the other. In the small-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "46 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nmouth, the end of the maxillary, or upper jaw, is just\\nbelow the eye, not reaching quite to the rear of it.\\nIn the large-mouth, the maxillary extends some dis-\\ntance back of the eye, making the mouth very much\\nlarger. The second distinctive variation is in the\\nscales. In the large-mouth these are from a quarter\\nto a half larger than in the small-mouth. The for-\\nmer, moreover, has ten rows of scales on the cheeks,\\nthe other seventeen. The third difference is in the\\ncolor and markings. The large-mouth has a dark\\nor blackish green back, greenish silvery sides, and\\na white belly with a dark band of color extending\\nalong the sides, which occasionally breaks up and\\ngrows dim as the lish grows old.\\nThe small -mouth is a golden green, with an\\nalmost yellowish cast on both back and sides; the\\nbelly is white. Dark spots or streaks are found in\\nirregular vertical lines on the sides, but no lateral\\nstripe. A less noticeable dift erence is in the dorsal\\ntin. In the small-mouth variety it is quite high and\\narched, not deeply notched. In the other it is not\\nso high, and quite deeply notched.\\nIn point of weight the two varieties usually aver-\\nage about the same in northern waters, the large-\\nmouth, as ordinarily taken, being, perhaps, slightly\\nheavier. Throughout southern waters, however, it\\ngreatly exceeds any known specimens of the small-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "48 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ninontli by many pounds. There 5 to 8 pounds are\\nfar from being uncommon, and 10 to 20 pounds, and\\na trifle over, have been occasionally caught. Those\\ntaken in nortliern waters will range from 2 to 5\\npounds. The largest small -mouth bass of which there\\nis any record weighed 10 and 11 pounds, and only\\none 13 jDOunds all taken in New York State, The\\naverage usually caught are from 2 to 4 ^^ounds, wdth\\nan occasional fish of 5 or pounds. Their size and\\nweight seem to depend upon the quality and quantity\\nof food when both are right they are a very fast-\\ngrowing tish.\\nAs stated in the chapter on hatching, black bass\\nare very difficult to propagate artificially, and even\\nwhen the young fish are separated from the adults,\\nthe stronger devour the weaker. Fortunately, Na-\\nture seems to raise large numbers, and it can scarcely\\nbe questioned that the bass is one of the most numer-\\nous of the game fish found in our waters to-day.\\nThey rapidly destroy and drive out all kinds of trout,\\nso that great care should be taken not to plant any\\nin trout-inhal)ited waters.\\nNext in importance of the bass family is the\\ncalico, or strawberry bass. This variety is found\\nin practically the same waters as the black bass,\\nbut not quite so far south. It is generally believed\\nthat they can not live in as warm waters. They are", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "f\\nstr-rvs\u00e2\u0084\u00a2\\nmr", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "50 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nvery similar in shape and appearance to a sunfisli,\\nbeing short in body, with a high back in fact, quite\\nround in contour. The usual color is a very light\\nsilver-green, with irregular mottled spots all over the\\nbody, and tins of a dark-green or olive shade. Yery\\nfrequently these fish have a decided pinkish color, to\\nwhich they owe the name of strawberry. They\\nare a comparatively small fish, averaging from three\\nquarters to one 230und, three pounds being on record\\nas the largest. Almost always in schools, they are\\nusually taken in June, July, and August, but very\\nfew being caught earlier or later. They have a\\nremarkably small mouth, are fairly game fighters\\nfor a little time, and are very good fish for the table.\\nThe most disliked of the bass family, the heie\\nnoire of fishermen, is the rock bass, quite as familiarly\\nknown under the name of goggle-eye or red-\\neye. Wherever and whenever one fishes for black\\nbass, there will be found this nuisance to take one s\\nbait and get hooked. Especially is this true when\\nminnows are being used, and one has only a few.\\nThey are a small fish averaging from one half a pound\\nto three quarters of a pound, rarely reaching one\\npound. While fairly good for the table, they are infre-\\nquently eaten, perhaps chiefly because of the dislike in\\nwhich they are held. The average fisherman throws\\nthem back with disgust. In shape, they are short and", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "V\\nMh.\\n,m\\nV", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "52 FAMILIAR FISH, THRIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nmore round than the black bass they have an oHve-\\ngreen color with a black spot on the end of each\\nscale, giving the appearance of a broken stripe. In\\nreality, thej are rather an attractive-looking fish.\\nThey will be recognized at sight, and the recogni-\\ntion will be very frequent therefore it is not neces-\\nsary to give a more detailed description of them.\\nAnother member of the bass family not generally\\ndistributed, but admired by anglers whei-e found, is\\nthe white bass, known also as the striped bass and\\nsilver bass. This species is found only in the Great\\nLakes and the rivers and lakes tributary to them.\\nThey are identical in form with the black bass, but\\ntheir color is a silvery white. Their peculiarity lies\\nin their stripings, possessing, as they do, five or six\\nblack stripes running lengthwise on the back and\\nsides, with usually two or three broken ones below.\\nTheir average weight will range from one to three\\npounds, and they compare favorably with the large-\\nmouth bass in fighting qualities. A species of this fish\\ncalled the yellow bass is found in the Mississippi River\\nand its tributaries. They seem to be similar in all\\nways to the white bass, except in color, as indicated\\nby their name. There is no difiiculty in recognizing\\nthe white bass on sight, as in the limited territory\\nwhere it is taken there is no other fish similar to\\nit in any way. In the estimation of anglers these", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "54 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURF\\nfish nearly, if not quite, equal tlie black bass in\\nall ways.\\nTo exhaust the subject of the basses completely,\\nthe sunfish family, to which they belong, should be\\nfully described. This would be entirely useless, how-\\never, as the sunfish are not only small, but not souglit\\nafter by fishermen, possessing neither game nor food\\nqualities. They are usually beautifully colored and\\nmarked, which constitutes their only hiterest. These\\nfish are widely distributed, and almost every one can\\nrecall that his first fishing experience consisted of\\nangling for pumpkin seeds, by which name they\\nare most commonly known.\\nA peculiarity of bass, the black bass especially, is\\ntheir hibernating nature when cold weather and cold\\nwater come on. When the winter season approaches,\\nthey become more or less dormant, and seek the deep-\\nest water possible. Unless it is very deep, they bur-\\nrow into the mud and remain there during the winter.\\nIn such circumstances they seem able to go with-\\nout food for several months. Even when placed\\nin aquariums, they remain almost motionless during\\nthe cold season, and refuse food. Another character-\\nistic of black bass is the length of time they can live\\nwhen caught. Instances are known where they have\\nlived for several hours after being taken from the\\nwater, regaining their wonted liveliness in a few", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "THE BASS FAMILY 55\\nmoments after being put back in their native\\nelement.\\nAll of tlie basses are indeed hardy, and, with the\\nexcej3tion of trout, are the fish most sought after by\\nanglers.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER YI\\nPIKE, PICKEREL, PIKE PERCH\\nGROUP of fishes favor-\\ni^^- iMi. ite with anglers, which are\\n^^\u00c2\u00a7^i^^%**;\u00c2\u00abl ^Im^ usually found in great num-\\nC^ iif ^QYS, are the muskallunge or\\nmuscalonge, the pike, pick-\\nerel, and pike perch, form-\\ning a noble quartet of game\\nfish. Their range is far smaller than that of the\\nblack bass, owing to the fact that they are not to\\nany extent a warm- water fish. They are very plen-\\ntiful in Canadian waters, and in those of the United\\nStates from New England along the Great Lakes to\\nthe middle AYest, and south to Maryland or the Caro-\\nlinas, which mark their natural limit. All are con-\\nsidered as game fish, the muskallunge and pike perch\\nespecially so. These two are extensively hatched and\\npropagated by the Government and some State Fish\\nCommissions the pike and pickerel are not. There\\nare many other game fishes of more importance that\\n56", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "MUSKALLUNGE, PIKE, PICKEREL, PIKE PERCH 57\\ncall for much attention^ and being prolific breeders\\nnaturally, tliis variety lias been neglected.\\nThe resemblance between tlie mnskallunge, pike,\\nand pickerel is very close in general appearance and\\ncontour, but in coloring and marking tliere is some\\nvariation, and in tlie matter of size and weight tliere\\nis considerable difference. There are a great many\\nfishermen who fail to make a distinction between\\nthese three, and persist in calling them all pickerel,\\njust as the pike perch is generally called a pike. One\\nneeds to keep in mind only the few points given\\nbelow to distinguish these fish properly at sight.\\nThe muskallunge is the greatest of the four, both\\nin size and fighting qualities, but is not as generally\\ndistributed as the others. The name seems to be\\nderived from that given it by the Indians of Canada,\\nmaskinonge, the best translation of which is nasty\\nfish. I^ot nasty meaning vile or bad, but\\nan especially difiicult or nasty fish to catch. This\\nis, indeed, a most proper name for it, for one of good\\nsize on the other end of a line presents a most com-\\nplicated problem before it is brought safely to net.\\nIt is a particularly large fish, reaching as high as TO\\nor 80 pounds in weight, with an average of from 20\\nto 40 pounds. It is found usually in water ranging\\nfrom 5 or 6 feet to 15 feet in depth, especially where\\nthe bottom is covered with long weeds. In these it", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "58 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nlies hidden, darting out to seize the large or small iish\\nthat form its principal food. It might well be termed\\na fresh- water shark. The mouth, when open, is very\\nlarge, armed with sharp, formidable teeth, and the\\njaws are wonderfully strong.\\nAs already stated, the muskallunge, pike, and\\npickerel are similar in shape, and they have the same\\nnumber and kind of fins, placed alike on each. The\\nbody or base color of back and sides is a green and\\nyellow, constantly varying in the different fish. Fre-\\nquently the back and sides will both be either a very\\ndark, medium, or light green, or the color of the\\nback may shade into a greenish yellow on the sides.\\nThe belly varies from white to cream with all. Here\\nthe similarity of the color of the muskallunge to that\\nof the pike and pickerel ceases. With the muskal-\\nlunge the markings are black or brown, and are\\neither round spots or vertical irregular blotches or\\nsplashes: Occasionally they may not have any mark-\\nings whatever, but that rarely occurs. Aside from\\nthe markings, the simplest and quickest way to dis-\\ntinguish these fish is by the scales on the head.\\nThere is a very narrow strip on the top only of the\\ncheek and gill covers. The other fish of the family\\ncan be distinguished by noticeable variations from\\nthis. With the pike the entire cheek and the upper\\nhalf only of the gill covers have scales. On the", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": ";-r, ^m\\n^\u00e2\u0096\u00a0/H", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "60 FAMILIAR PISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\npickerel the whole\\nof both the cheeks\\nand gill covers is\\nentirely covered.\\nThese distinctions\\nare shown in the\\naccompanying illus-\\ntrations. This meth-\\nod of recognizing the\\nvarieties is absolute-\\nly reliable and accu-\\nrate. As both the\\ncheek and gill covers\\nare quite large even\\nin small fish, there\\nis no difficulty what-\\never in noticing these\\ncharacteristics.\\nIt can be stated,\\nwithout any contro-\\nversy or argument,\\nthat the true pickerel\\nhas rarely exceeded\\n5 or 6 pounds in\\nweight, while the\\naverage is usually from 2 to 4 pounds. It is proper,\\ntherefore, in almost all instances, to call any pickerel\\nPickerel.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "MUSKALLUNGE, PIKE, PICKEREL, PIKE PERCH 61\\nabove 5 pounds a pike, as that is what it is, the scale\\ntest on the head proving it. Pike weighing from 40\\nto 50 pounds has been taken in Canada and in some\\nof the Western States, but through the United States\\ngenerally the average will run from 4 to 8 pounds,\\nwith occasional exceptions, up to 20 or 25 pounds.\\nThe name pickerel is used as a diminutive in\\nEngland, where pike are plentifully found. There\\nthe lish is properly a young pike, but in the United\\nStates it is an entirely distinct variety of the pike\\nfamily. This is correct, since it is a different lish, as\\nis shown by the scale markings on the head, the dif-\\nferent body markings, and the fact that it is limited\\nin size and weight.\\nWhile, as a rule, the pike is differently marked\\nfrom the pickerel, it varies in this respect consider-\\nably, being more distinguishable in some cases than\\nin others. Frequently the difference is slight, thus\\nmaking it difficult to recognize it in this way. A\\ngeneral rule can be given which can be relied upon in\\nthe majority of instances, but not always. It can be\\ngenerally stated that the pike has a greenish-yellow\\nback and sides, varying from dark to light in differ-\\nent fish, with numerous yellow spots dotted over the\\nentire body. These spots are practically I ound, as\\nthough made with the end of the finger dipped in\\nyellow paint.- The pickerel also has spots of the", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "62 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nsame color, but they are oblong, or a long oval, run-\\nning along the side, never vertically. These mark-\\nings are so plentiful and close together that they\\nalmost seem to be the body color, with narrow black\\nor dark-green separations that follow the irregularly\\nshaped contour of the spots. On the pike the yellow\\nspots are not surrounded by any areas of color, but\\nsimply appear irregularly against the dark body\\nshades, as though applied with the finger, as stated.\\nIn the case of the pickerel, it would seem as though\\nthe body color were yellow, divided up into irregular\\nelliptical divisions of varying size, made with a brush\\ndipped in dark paint.\\nThe true pike is found not only in American\\nwaters, but generally throughout Europe. It is\\nknown in England by the same name as with us\\nin Germany as the Hecht, in Sweden as the\\nGadda, in Italy as the Luccio, and in France\\nas the Brochet. The French name is also applied\\nto it in Canada, especially in the Province of Quebec,\\nand about Lake Superior. In European countries?\\nhowever, the muskallunge and the true pickerel are\\nnever found, both being pre-eminently American.\\nWhile here the pike is considered by many to be a\\nfairly good food fish, in Europe it is esj^ecially\\nprized. Walton gives much space to a description\\nof it, and ends with directions how to roast him", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "64 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nwhen caught, telling us that when thus prepared\\nhe is choicely good too good for any but anglers\\nor honest men.\\nThe fourth member of the group, the pike perch,\\nis worthy of especial mention. This fish is found\\nin the same waters with the pike and pickerel, and\\nfar north in Canada. It is most commonly known\\nas the wall-eyed pike, from the fact that the eyes\\nare very large and protruding. It is also known as a\\nyellow pike, and in Canada as a dore. ISTearly\\nall writers have endeavored to have it designated by\\nits correct name, pike perch, but fishermen seem to\\npay no attention to it, clinging to the old name, pike.\\nThis is entirely incorrect, as the fish does not belong\\nto the pike but to the perch family, as can readily\\nbe seen by comparing the two in the illustrations.\\nThe most noticeable difference is that the pike has\\none dorsal fin, while the pike perch has two. Its\\ngeneral color is lighter afid brighter, with yellow\\nsplashes running in all directions. Its head is nmch\\nshorter, and the body much larger in diameter in\\nfact, there is no comparison to be made between\\nthem in general outline, color, or appearance.\\nThe pike perch spawn in April and May, and\\nare very prolific, a medium-sized fish yielding from\\n100,000 to 200,000 eggs. They hatch out in about\\nfifteen days, and the fry grow rapidly. They are", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "MUSKALLUNGE, PIKE, PICKEREL, PIKE PERCH 65\\ndecidedly a game fish, being hard, lusty fighters\\nwhen hooked. Feeding almost entirely on other\\nlive fish, and being generally caught on marl, sand,\\nor gravel bottom, they are unquestionably a clean\\nfish, and a highly prized one for the table, ranking\\nabout equal with the whitefish and lake trout.\\nIt is a very diflicult matter to locate these fish\\nwhen angling for them, as they are very migratory,\\nconstantly moving about one day in shallow water\\n6 to 10 feet deep, and the next in water 40 to 60\\nfeet deep. They vary considerably in weight. In\\nthe smaller lakes and rivers they average from 2 to\\nG pounds, with an occasional one of 8 or 10 pounds.\\nIn the large lakes 10 to 20 pounds, and even 25\\npounds, are common. They are caught all through\\nthe open season, biting seemingly as well at one\\ntime as another. Large numbers are taken through\\nthe ice, and they will take live bait on a set line\\nbetter at night than during the day in fact, they\\ncan be caught by angling after dark long after all\\nother game fish have ceased biting.\\nSome of the State Fish Commissions, notably that\\nof T^ew York, long since recognized the value of the\\npike perch both as a game and a food fish, and have\\nbeen artificially hatching them. For several years\\nthey did not have the success met with in other\\nfish, but many difiiculties have been overcome, and\\n6", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "QQ FAMILIAR FISH, THEIE HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ngreat quantities of fry are now being hatched and\\nplanted each year.\\nOf the four fisli mentioned in this chapter, the\\npike perch appeals most strongly to the fisherman.\\nWhile not as large, and consequently not as hard a\\nfighter as the muskallunge, it is more plentiful As\\nfighters, the pike and pickerel should not he placed\\nin the same class with the others. While undoubt-\\nedly game in a measure, they do not bear comparison.\\nFor all-round satisfaction to the angler in the way of\\nsport, fighting qualities, number caught, and value for\\nfood, the best of the four is the pike perch.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEK VII\\nMISCELLANEOUS FRESH-WATER FISH\\nStill fishing.\\nWith the deseription of\\nthe pike family, the list of\\nso-called game fish is practi-\\ncally completed, that is, so\\nfar as fresh-water fishes are\\nin question. There are many\\nother varieties worthy of mention that anglers fre-\\nquently seek, and which are often taken when one\\nis angling for other fish. Some of these are particu-\\nlarly hard fighters, and may well be considered as\\ngame, even though but little attention is paid to\\nthem by Fish Commissions or fishermen generally.\\nThe list of what might be called ordinary fishes\\nconsists of the following yellow perch, white percli,\\ncarp, both scale and leather back, bullheads and cat-\\nfish, sheepshead or drum, and ling. The two latter\\nvarieties aiford great sport to the angler, as, when\\nhooked, they fight constantly and to the very last.\\nWhile all are more or less widely distributed and well\\n67", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "68 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nknown, the perches, carps, bullheads and catfish are\\nespecially soj and are much sought after.\\nThe yellow perch, sometimes known as the ringed\\nperch and striped perch, is one of the very best known\\nfresh-water fish in this country, being found in all of\\nthe States east of the Alleghany Mountains and as far\\nsouth as Georgia. They also inhabit the Great\\nLakes, and some of the northern rivers and lakes as\\nfar west as Minnesota. While they are taken in both\\nlakes and rivers, their natural home is in the former,\\nand there they are found most plentifully. Perch are\\nmost strikingly marked, and will attract especial atten-\\ntion, even when surrounded by many other fishes.\\nThe body color is a bright golden yellow, the back a\\ndecided greenish bronze, with a yellowish white belly.\\nSix or eight black colored bars fully half an inch wide\\nextend from the back midway down the sides. The\\nlower fins are bright red or orange, very similar to\\nthose of the brook trout, while the dorsal fins and\\ntail are green. The back, from the head to the dor-\\nsal fin, is arched or hump-backed, rather detracting\\nfrom their appearance. They are properly a small\\nfish and are usually taken about 8 to 10 inches long,\\nwith an average of about f of a pound in weight. In\\nsome waters particularly adapted to their growth they\\nhave been known to reach 2 pounds.\\nPerch, when skinned, make a most excellent pan", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "^Hi^ff", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "70 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nfish, the flavor being very fine. This is due to the\\nfact that they usually subsist on live food. They\\nare found at different depths according to the season,\\nvarying from 5 or 6 feet to 15 or 20 feet, generally\\nbeing taken upon gravel or stony bottoms in the\\nvicinity of weeds. They take the hook readily, and,\\nas large numbers can be caught, are a great favorite\\nwith anglers. The perch can not be equaled as a\\npan fish, when skinned and properly cooked.\\nPerch have been propagated by the United States\\nFish Commission, and transplanted to the waters of\\nthe extreme Western States with great success. The\\nmethod of propagation is different from that followed\\nin the case of other fish. The eggs are neither arti-\\nYellow Perch eggs.\\nficially taken nor impregnated, but the ripe fish are\\nplaced in ponds, and the naturally impregnated eggs\\ntaken and hatched artificially. The fish being so\\ngenerally abundant and the natural supply seeming", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "MISCELLANEOUS FRESH-WATER FISH 71\\nto increase rather than diminish, but little propaga-\\ntion is now required. The naturally fertilized eggs\\nare verj remarkable, as, when deposited, they remain\\nin a long strij), having vertical folds like those of an\\naccordion, and can be compressed in a similar way.\\nThe strip rapidly becomes longer and frequently\\nreaches a length of from 2 to 6 feet, a size many\\ntimes longer than the fish that deposited it. The\\nspawning season is in March and April, but the perch\\nare not protected by law at any time.\\nAnother fish, that is always a favorite in its\\nhome waters, is the white perch, which, by the way,\\nis not at all related to the yellow perch. Properly a\\nsalt-water fish, they are usually found in brackish\\nor fresh waters, about the time the shad ascend the\\nrivers to spawn. They are taken only in rivers that\\nfiow into the sea, and are found from South Carolina\\nto Nova Scotia. They lurk about clay or muddy\\nbottoms early in the season, but a little later are\\nfound near weeds or rocks and old stone and wooden\\npiers. The date of their departure to the sea is un-\\nknown. While not a large fish, their quality is good,\\nas is that of the yellow variety, and they make just\\nas fine a pan fish. In shape this perch is very similar\\nto the black bass its color is a silvery white without\\nany noteworthy markings. It is shorter and wider\\nthan the yellow perch, weighing practically the same", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "MISCELLANEOUS FRESH-WATER FISH 73\\nabout f of a pound. Where it is found no similar\\ntisli will be taken, so that it will be recognized at\\nsight. It is not propagated artificially. A most noted\\nriver for white perch is the Potomac, in which im-\\nmense numbers are taken annually.\\nThe carj)s, which are related to the American\\nfishes called suckers, have become quite plentiful all\\nthrough the States, and should be familiar to all\\nanglers. They are native to China, but were brought\\nto this country originally from Germany, the first\\nshipment, amounting to some three hundred and fifty\\nyoung fish, arriving in 1877. That they have become\\nso plentiful from such a small beginning, and in such\\na short time, indicates that they are very prolific. In\\nfact, one weighing from 4 to 5 pounds will contain\\nbetween 400,000 and 500,000 eggs. There are three\\nvarieties of carp, known as the scale carp, mirror carp,\\nand leather-back carp, the first and last varieties only\\nbeing found in this country.\\nThe scale carp is the original form, and, as the\\nname indicates, its body is covered with scales. The\\nmirror carp is a species with three or four rows of\\nextraordinarily large, bright scales running along the\\nsides, the balance of the body being covered with skin\\nfree of scales. The leather-back has usually a few\\ncoarse scales along the back, or none at all, and is cov-\\nered by a q^ite thick skin. The color of all is brown,", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "MISCELLANEOUS FRESH- WATER FISH 75\\nwith an olive shade, the belly being white, orange, or\\nyellow. Like the sucker family, they have no teeth\\nin the jaw, showing that they do not prey upon other\\nfish. Their food consists of vegetation, offal, seeds,\\nworms, swill in fact, almost anything, with a strong\\ndesire for the eggs of other fish.\\nIt is a grave mistake to place carp in confined\\nponds with fish of any value whatever. While they\\ndo not attack the fish themselves, as just stated, they\\ndo devour their eggs to such an extent that they will\\neventually destroy them entirely. In this regard\\nthey show their similarity to all other bottom fish\\nthey are egg or spawn destroyers. While naturally a\\npond or dead-water fish, carp are often taken in rivers\\nand lakes, but simply because they can find there the\\nquiet bays and muddy bottom they require. There\\nis no question but that tlie carp can live in waters\\nwhere no other food fish are able to exist. They\\nthrive splendidly in muddy ponds and slough holes,\\nand will live in small holes filled with water when\\nleft there after the overflow of a stream. They are\\nalso distinctly a hibernating fish, large numbers of\\nthem banding together and filling holes they excavate\\nin the mud, where they will lie semi-dormant without\\neating from October to March.\\nThe carps grow very fast, attaining a weight of\\nfrom 3 to 4 pounds in three years. They have grown", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "_-^\\nMISCELLANEOUS FRESH-WATER FLSH 77\\nSO rapidly in America, wherever planted, tliat they\\ncan now be taken in ahnost any waters in the Eastern,\\nMiddle, and Southern States. While averaging small,\\nabout 3 to 8 pounds, they are occasionally taken of\\nfrom 15 to 25 pounds. In Germany carp of 50\\npounds and over have been caught.\\nOf the bullheads or catfish we have numerous\\nspecies, there being very little distinction or difference\\nbetween them, except in size. All have the numer-\\nous long horns about the mouth, and the long, sharp\\nspines at the front of the dorsal and pectoral fins.\\nThey are the most abundant fish found, occupying all\\nfresh waters east of the Eocky Mountains naturally.\\nThe whole family are voracious and indiscriminate\\nSeders, eating any kind of animal substance, dead\\nor alive, and are especially destructive to fish eggs.\\nThey are extremely tenacious of life, living for a very\\nlong time out of water, and are able to resist impuri-\\nties in the water far better than any of our food fish.\\nFor stocking muddy bottom ponds in which trout,\\nbass, and other fish would not live, the catfish or bull-\\nhead are especially adapted. Any water that does not\\ndry up entirely to the bottom in summer suits them.\\nThere are several varieties of catfish, ranging\\nfrom the common channel cat, weighing from 5 to 10\\npounds, to the Great- Lakes species, ranging from 50\\nto 100 pouiuls, and the well-known great Mississippi", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "Y8 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ncat, which reaches a weight of 150 pounds. They are\\n23ractically much alike in appearance, with very few\\nmarks to distinguish them one from another. The\\nmost common variety are known as bullheads, or\\nbull pouts, and are found in all waters. They never\\nexceed 3 or 4 pounds in weight, and are usually\\nmuch smaller. All varieties are decidedly a night-\\nbiting fish, being generally caught at dusk or after\\ndark. It is scarcely necessary to state that this\\nfamily has a skin, not scales. The best as food fish\\nare the channel cats, which are slender in form and\\nsilvery in color, while those next in value are called\\nbullheads and are mostly dark-colored and chunky.\\nThe fresh-water sheepshead, or drum, is also a\\nvery commonly distributed fish, being found in all\\nlarge bodies of water, either lakes or rivers, from\\nthe Great Lakes in the north to the Tiio Grande in\\nthe south. Properly a l)ottom fish, they range from\\n1 or 2 to 40 or 60 pounds in weight. In shape\\nthey are somewliat similar to a black bass, but decid-\\nedly humpbacked their color is a silvery white.\\nThe second dorsal fin is much longer, almost reach-\\ning the tail, and the nose is very blunt, the upper\\njaw overhanging the lower. The mouth is smaller\\nthan that of the bass. They make a peculiar grunt-\\ning or croaking noise, which gives them the name of\\ndrum. They will often follow under a boat for some", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "y o", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "80 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ndistance, constantly emitting the sound quite loudly.\\nA double air bladder connected by a narrow passage\\nis supposed to produce this peculiar noise, the air\\nbeing forced from one part to another. An espe-\\ncially hard-fighting fish when hooked, the drum gives\\none a long tussle, and tests tackle as well. It is not\\nvery often taken when angling, but those who have\\ncaught both sheepshead and bass will prefer the\\nformer, principally because they are just as hard\\nfighters, and, having more weight, take a longer time\\nand are more diflficult to bring to net.\\nVery peculiar and far from attractive fish are the\\nburbots, or fresh-water cods, which are found in the\\nlakes and rivers of the Northern States, and as far\\nnorth as the Arctic circle. Often called cusks,\\nthey are known in New England as the eel pout,\\nin New York as the ling, or lawyer, and under\\nmany other names in various sections. A most\\nvoracious bottom fish, they feed principally on small\\nfish, and often on any dead fish or animal. In ap-\\npearance they somewhat resemble both the bullhead\\nand the eel. They have nothing about them to at-\\ntract an angler, except their fighting qualities. One\\npeculiarity they possess, and that is, they almost\\nalways bite at night, generally after dark. They are\\nmost frequently taken during the night, on set lines\\nplaced quite deep. Occasionally fishermen catch", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "/\u00c2\u00ab^m\u00c2\u00abuin *,i{?t ^l?Wi ;si?iiiiHiiJllllIk", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "82 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nthem when angling for other fish witli minnows for\\nbait. When they take the liook, a wonderful fight\\nfollows. They twist and squirm, running here and\\nthere, and will easily jump out of the boat if not\\nkilled at once. In lakes thej are taken through the\\nice in large quantities, and it is great sport to get\\nthem through the small fishing hole. Thougli they\\nare not spoken of highly as a food fish, their flavor is\\ngood. When dried and salted, as are salt-water cod,\\ntheir flesh is claimed to be almost fully as good. In\\nweight they range from 2 to 4 pounds, but in some\\nof the larger lakes specimens weighing up to 40\\npounds have been taken.\\nBefore concluding this chapter on miscellaneous\\nfishes it is well to give passing mention to the sucker\\nfamily. There are many species, but all are too\\ncoarse or dry fleshed to be of any commercial value\\nas food fish. All are large st^aled, ugly in contour,\\nlifeless, soft fleshed, and full of bones. Every lake,\\nriver, and stream is full of them, therefore they are\\nvery frequently caught in angling for other fish.\\nOrdinarily, suckers are oidy good to throw back, not\\nbeing of any value as food fish, for the reasons just\\ngiven. There is one exception, however, that when\\ntaken from cold streams in April and early May, they\\nare firm fleshed and quite palatable. They are a very\\nbony fish, but most of the bones can be avoided by", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "84 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ncutting off the tail 23ortion, wliicli contains the greater\\nquantity, just ahead of the anal fin.\\nAnother useless fish and a great nuisance is the\\nchub. Every angler who has faithfully fished a trout\\nstream, eagerly expecting a trout from every promis-\\ning pool, can vouch for their lack of value, except to\\nclean his hook of bait, and prevent success. There\\nare so many kinds known under such varying names\\nthat, as they are practically valueless, it would be\\nabsolutely useless to attempt in any way to describe\\nthem. The only value ever to be found in them is\\nthat they aiiord unlimited food for other fish, and\\nalways help to fill out the small boy s first few strings.\\nThere are a few fish purposely omitted from the\\nforegoing chapters. They are either species of those\\ndescribed, the same fish under varying names, or\\nsome local fish generally unknown and not worthy\\nof mention. The varieties of which descriptions\\nhave l)een given comprise the best-known and most\\nsought-after fresh-water game and food fishes. It\\nwas impossible to give all of the many various local\\nnames applied to the same fish throughout the coun-\\ntry, but the detailed description of each fish, and the\\naccompanying illustrations of it, should enable the\\nangler to determine quickly and correctly the name\\nand character of what good fortune has brought to\\nhis hook and net.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER YIII\\nFISHING TACKLE\u00e2\u0080\u0094 WHAT TO SELECT\\nNecessary tackle.\\nand when to use it.\\nStudy and practice will\\ngive the skill that makes a\\nsuccessful fisherman, hut the\\ngreatest necessity is to have a\\npropel- outfit of tackle, and a\\nthorough knowledge of how\\nTherefore, b.efore attempting to\\nexplain the methods of catching the various kinds\\nof fish described in the preceding chapters, it will\\nbe well to explain fully the angler s outfit. This\\nsubject being made clear, any reference to the dif-\\nferent items mentioned will be readily understood.\\nThe term fishing tackle covers all the various\\nand numerous things used and required in catching\\nfish. The items of rods, reels, lines, and hooks alone\\ndo not complete the list in fact, they are but a l)e-\\nginning. TsTumerous small things must be provided,\\nfor the absence of a single one of them may prevent\\na day s fishing.\\n85", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "86 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nAmong anglers there are many varied opinions,\\nor, more properly speaking, preferences as to what\\nparticular tackle is best. Under such conditions it\\nis better to refer to the various kinds, all of which\\nare good, and to give individual reasons why any\\nparticular one is preferred. There is one thing that\\nall fishermen will agree upon, and that is that the\\nbeginner should start in with good but inexpensive\\nrods. It is much better and easier to replace a low-\\npriced rod, broken through inexperience, than an\\nexpensive one that only an experienced hand should\\nuse. On the other hand, inexperience requires just\\nas fine qualities of lines, leaders, hooks, and reels as\\ndoes experience. When a rod is broken a fish does\\nnot necessarily get away, but when a line or hook\\nbreaks, it does. Witli tackle, as with all other\\nthings, the best is tlie cheaj^est in the end, except\\nin the case of delicate, expensive rods, which sliould\\nonly be used when practice has made perfect.\\nNaturally the subject of rods is of the greatest\\nimportance, and therefore should be mentioned first.\\nThe sizes, weights, and varieties are innumerable,\\nand, in reality, worthy of a chapter to themselves.\\nIn some respects, especially in salmon and heavy\\ntrout rods, the English makers excel Americans,\\nbut for light- or medium-weight delicate creations,\\nthey can not even approach us. The woods best", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "FISniNG TxVCKLE\u00e2\u0080\u0094 WHAT TO SELECT 87\\nadapted for lisliing-rod purposes are bamboo, green-\\nlieart, bethabara, and lancewood, and at the same\\ntime should be mentioned the latest creation, the\\nsteel rod. Although all of the woods referred to are\\nused in England, greenheart and lancewood are the\\nespecial favorites. The English makers do use fer-\\nrules in making their joints, but they much prefer\\nthe wound joint as being stronger, inasmuch as it\\nbends equally with the rod. There is no question\\nbut that such a joint has its advantages, the one dis-\\nadvantage being the length of time it takes to wind\\nor unwind it. An English salmon rod of greenheart\\nwith wound joints is absolutely the best rod to be had\\nfor the purpose, lasting a lifetime; and this is ti ue\\nalso of their other rods of ten ounces and heavier.\\nAnglers to-day demand light rods, either for fly\\nor bait fishing, and for trolling as well. Four to\\neight ounces for fly casting, eight to ten ounces for\\nbait fishing and trolling, are the weiglits usually\\ncalled for. Split bamboo is the favorite wood, with\\nbethabara next, and lancewood and greenheart fol-\\nlowing. Split bamboo rods can be bought at all\\nprices, ranging from a cheap machine-made article at\\n$1.50 to the finest hand-made at $45. While excel-\\nlent rods of this kind which have lasted for years,\\nhave been bought at a low price to secure absolute\\nsatisfaction -one must pay at least $15 to $25. Split", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "88 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nbamboo rods need the greatest care and attention.\\nBeing made of strips usually six cemented to-\\ngether and varnished, they will spread apart, twist,\\nand break if exposed to continued dampness or wet.\\nBethabara is next in cost to the split bamboo, and\\nwill range from $6 to $12. By many it is preferred\\nto bamboo. Lancewood and greenheart will average\\nfrom $2 to $8. Steel rods can be bought at prices\\nranging from $4 to $12.\\nFly fishing is something to be taken up when all\\nother fishing methods have been learned therefore\\na fly rod is the last thing to be purchased. For the\\nbeginner a good lancewood rod, weighing from eight\\nto ten ounces and costing $3 to $5, is probably the\\nbest one to procure. It is adapted to all kinds of\\nfishing, and will stand considerable strain without\\nbreaking. If an English or Nova Scotia rod with\\nwound instead of ferrule joints is preferred, green\\nheart will probably prove to be the most suitable.\\nHowever, the question of rods is a debatable one,\\nowing to the many and varied opinions held regard-\\ning them. Perhaps it is better, therefore, to rest\\nupon the hints given above, and leave the matter of\\nselection to individual preference, aided by the ad-\\nvice of some fisherman. When the rudiments of\\nfishing are once learned the selection of rods becomes\\nentirely a question of personal j)reference.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "FISHING TACKLE\u00e2\u0080\u0094 WHAT TO SELECT\\n89\\nThere are so manj varieties of reels, each having\\nnumberless admirers, that to advocate any special\\nkind would provoke discussion at once. It may be\\nmore to the point, in consequence, to give a personal\\npreference and the reasons therefor. For all-round\\nsatisfactory results an automatic or self- winding reel\\nis the best, and should be adopted in the beginning\\nand always used. To handle such a reel properly,\\npractice is required, which can only be obtained by\\nconstant use. With other than game fish, this reel\\nis not a necessity but a convenience, while with game\\nfish that fight hard, rushing hither and thither, it\\nwill bring more safely to net than any other. The\\nsecret of capturing fish is to avoid absolutely giving\\nthem any slack line whatever. If they make a mad\\nrush, unwinding a large quantity of line, the drag\\non an ordinary reel scarcely serves as a check. With\\nthe automatic, however, the pulling out of line winds\\na spring, which makes the tension a gradually increas-\\ning one, thus quickly tiring and checking the fish.\\nThe next rush may be directly toward the fisherman,\\nslack being given so rapidly that a crank reel, no\\nmatter how much it multiplies, can not recover it fast\\nenough, the result being that if the fish again turns\\nand rushes away it will have enough slack Hue to\\nsecure a good start, and to fetch up with a jerk that\\nwill tear oi^t the hook when the line again becomes", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "90 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ntight. With the automatic reel, properly handled,\\nthis can not occur.\\nWhen a fish is hooked the brake is released, and\\nthe tension of the spring is constantly pulling on the\\nfish to help tire it out. If a rush is made toward the\\nfisherman the spring winds up the slack as rapidly as\\nit is given, and in no way possible can the fish get\\nany free line to tighten up and tear loose. It is a\\ndifliciilt matter at best to handle a hard-fighting fish,\\nconsequently the aid of an automatic reel is of great\\nbenefit. There are many makes of multiplying\\ncrank reels that are most excel-\\nlent, and those who prefer them\\nwill find an infinite variety at any\\nprice they may choose to pay.\\nThe automatic is advocated from\\nan absolute belief in its merits.\\nA good crank reel will give per-\\nfect satisfaction, but it can not\\ntake in the line as rapidly.\\nThere certainly can not be\\nany cpiestion as to what quality\\nof line to use, since all anglers\\nc agree upon that subject. Braided\\nsilk is proper, and an enameled\\nIt is pliable, thoroughly waterproof,\\ncare should last many years. ~No\\n1\\n1\\n1\\n1\\n1\\ni\\n1\\n1\\n1\\n1\\n1\\n1\\nNo. 5\\nG\\nSizes of lines.\\none is the best.\\nand with good", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "92 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nbreakages can occur with its use. For ordinary bait\\nfishing, a C or D size serves all purposes, but a\\nlighter one is better adapted for fly fishing, as will\\nbe shown later on. For any fishing except salmon,\\ntwenty-five or thirty yards of line are amply suf-\\nficient, especially with the automatic reel, which\\nchecks a fish from running it all out. For trolling,\\na No. 1 braided linen grass-colored line will be\\nfound most satisfactory.\\nThe subject of hooks is one that should be care-\\nfully studied and most thoroughly understood.\\nEvery angler has his own ideas as to sizes and kinds\\nfor various fish, which renders it diflicult to make\\nrecommendations that others will agree with. Sug-\\ngestions will be given on this point in succeeding\\ni\\nKendall sneck. Ccarlisle. Sproat.\\nchapters, where the methods of catching various\\nkinds of fish are discussed. In the accompanying\\nillustrations the various sizes of hooks are shown,", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "FISHING TACKLE\u00e2\u0080\u0094 WHAT TO SELECT\\n93\\nand the different patterns or bends.\\nSnelled liooks only are now used, and\\none should have a variety of sizes\\nranging from large with wire, gimp,\\nor double gut, to small with a line sin-\\ngle snell. TrolKng spoons and small\\nspinners for trolling or casting are very\\nnecessary.\\nOf vital importance to the angler\\nis a landing net, which should be taken\\nalong on all fishing trips. Without it\\na large number of fish will be lost in\\nattempting to lift them from the Avater by the\\nThere are many kinds, nearly all of which\\nmerit, and a good one can be easily selected.\\nSnell hook.\\nhook,\\nhave\\nIt is\\nLimerick.\\nKirby.\\nU\\nAberdeen.\\nwell, however, to advise the purchase of one of large\\nsize, with a handle fully four or five* feet long, which\\ncan be quickly put together or taken apart.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "94 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nTlie foregoing describes the tackle principally\\nrequired by the fisherman. There are many other\\nSizes of oval spoons.\\nSizes of kidnej- spoons.\\narticles fully as necessary that must be mentioned in\\ndetail, and to their description the following chapter\\nis devoted.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEE IX\\nTHE TACKLE BOX AND ITS CONTENTS\\nTackle box.\\nA GOOD fisherman must\\nhave a tackle box there is\\nno question in regard to that.\\nWhether it be homemade, a\\ncheap or medium priced one\\nof tin, or a more expensive\\none of leather, it is an abso-\\nhite necessity. There is no\\nother way of carrying compactly the many tilings\\nrecjuired by an angler so that they can he found at\\nonce, and used when required. Little things that\\nare needed constantly are easily lost if carried in a\\nfishing basket or one s pockets.\\nSuch boxes of tin or leather can be purchased at\\nalmost any price, and are properly arranged to hold\\na large quantity of necessaries, a list of which is\\ngiven here. Fly book, hook book, leader box, fish\\nscale, copper wire, pliers, sinkers, cork floats, swivels,\\ndrinking cup, twine, needles, linen thread, silk thread,\\n95", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "96 FAMILIAR PISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\na set of tools contained in their handle, compass,\\nsmall oiler and oil, large hook for gaff, file, and knife,\\nextra lines, hooks, spoons, spinners, cartridges for re-\\nvolver or rifle, corkscrew, and can opener.\\nThe flj book will hold the necessary flies, and\\nextra leaders as well. A long hook book is needed to\\ncarry snelled hooks, keeping the various sizes sep-\\narate, with gut held straiglit. Unless arranged in\\nsome such way, the long snells become twisted and\\ntangled together, making it difficult to secure one\\nwhen wanted. The cost of\\nsuch a book is very small,\\nbut a good fly book calls\\nfor considerable expense.\\nA round or square zinc\\nleader box containing felt\\npads is needed to dampen\\nleaders prior to their use.\\nThey are always coiled\\nwhen not being used, and unless kejDt moist, will grow\\nvery dry, requiring considerable time to straighten\\nout again. It should be noted, however, that they\\nmust be kept in the leader box only a short time\\nbefore and during use. On returning from his trip,\\nthe fisherman nuist immediately take them out, dry\\nthem, and keep them in his fly book. If he does\\nnot do this, the dampness will soon rot them. A\\nFelt-lined leader box.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "THE TACKLE BOX AND ITS CONTENTS 97\\nsmall fisherman s spring scale, weighing up to 8 or\\n10 pounds, will be especially appreciated, as the cor-\\nrect, not guess weight, of fish can always be taken.\\nSome small spools of copper wire, one each of\\nJSTos. 18, 20, and 22, are especially needed, and of\\ngreat service. Not only can almost anything be\\nmended wdth these when broken, but they are used\\nin trolling as well. A pair of small steel pliers with\\na cutting attachment is very often found useful. An\\nassortment of lead sinkers, including split sliot, will\\nbe used in almost all kinds of fishing, and a good\\nquantity should be carried at all times. One or two\\ncork floats are needed occasionally in fishing, and\\nshould be included. In trolling, swivels are always\\nnecessary. A few, from No. 1 to No. 8 assorted, will\\nprove suflficient.\\nA reliable compass is always serviceable and\\nshould be carried in the box. Oil is another necessity,\\nand a small bottle, together with a pocket oiler that\\ndoes not leak, will be required very often. For\\nrepairing any breakage (and such things constantly\\noccur), a set of small tools, contained in a handle\\nwhich they fit when used, is not only a convenience,\\nbut an absolute necessitv. These, toa:ether with a\\nknife, a five-inch triangular file, and a spool of red\\nsilk thread, furnish all that is required to repair a\\nbroken rgd. There are innumerable uses for a file", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "98 FAMILIAR FISH. THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nin sharpening hooks or arranging spoons\\nand other special tackle.\\nFor repairs on torn clothing, needles\\nand strong thread should find a place in\\nthe tackle hox, and a tele-\\nscope drinking cup in a\\ncase should not be forgot-\\nten. A skein or two of\\nheavy cotton line can he\\nused for an anchor rope,\\nto tie packages, string fish,\\nfasten a boat to a l)uoy.\\nTelescope drinking cup gtay a tCUt iu f act, it will\\nand case.\\ncome very handy for ni-\\nnumerahle uses. Do not omit this.\\nThere are various other little items that,\\nwhile not absolutely necessary, may come\\ninto convenient use at times. Individual ex-\\nperience Avill sug-\\ngest these, as men-\\ntion has only been\\nmade of items that\\nshould absolutely\\nhe on hand. One\\nthing has been ^|||j^ 2/0 cod hook.\\nomitted that should\\nnot l e, and that is", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "THE TACKLE BOX AND ITS CONTENTS\\n99\\na 2/0 cod hook to use as a gaff on large lisli. Filed\\nto a sharp point, and tied to a short stick, it serves\\nthe purpose fully as well as an expensive gaff.\\nA tackle box will not only contain all the items\\nmentioned, but have ample room for one or two reels\\nholding the lines as well. Therefore, all things neces-\\nsary to go fishing, excepting rods and net, are con-\\ntained in a small compass where they can not be\\nlost and are always accessible.\\nOther necessaries in an an-\\ngler s outfit are a bait box for\\nworms, a minnow pail to carry\\nlive minnows, and a fish basket\\nto use when stream fish in of. Be\\ncareful to secure a basket hav-\\ning a top opening through which\\nto drop fish on the side, not in the middle, as it\\nwill be found more convenient. Always use a\\npatent sling strap, as it holds the basket immovably\\nunder the left arm. A final convenience to men-\\nFish basket.\\nRod case.\\ntion, but which is not absolutely necessary, is a rod\\ncase. It should be sufficiently large to contain two\\nMade strongly\\nor three rods and the landino- net.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "100 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nof leather, it prevents injury to the rods, protects\\nthem from rain and dampness, and makes a most con-\\nvenient method of carrying them.\\nWith the tackle box containing all the smaller\\nnecessaries, and the rod case having the rods and net,\\none can simply pick up both at a moment s notice, and\\nis then prepared for any kind of a fishing trip. In this\\nconnection a word of warning should be given.\\nAlways dry out a rod thoroughly after using and\\nbefore placing it in either the cloth or leather case.\\nNothing will injure a good rod so quickly as to put\\nit away damp.\\nThis discussion of the tackle box suggests men-\\ntion of something that while not a material part of\\nits contents, is closely connected therewith namely,\\na knowledge of how to tie gut in both leaders\\nand hooks when broken. Every fisherman should\\nknow this.\\nThere are various methods, but the simplest and\\nbest one serves all purposes and will suffice. It con-\\nsists simply in making a loop on the end of the gut\\nthat can not slip or loosen. In the case of a broken\\nleader, after testing the pieces for strength, a loop is\\ntied on each broken end, one slipped over the other,\\nthe whole length of the one slipped over being drawn\\nthrough the other loop. In case of a loop breaking\\non a snell hook, another one is quickly made by this", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "THE TACKLE BOX AND ITS CONTENTS IQl\\nNo. 1\\nmethod. By closely noting the illustrations and the\\nfollowing explanations, no difficulty will be found in\\nlearning to tie the knot.\\nA loop is first formed\\nby bringing the end\\naround to the right and\\ntlien to the left, under\\nand once about the gut,\\na simple single sliding\\nknot being thus made.\\nA loop about I of an\\ninch long should be\\nallowed. The top of\\nthe loop is then bent back down to no. 2\\nthe knot (see illustration), making\\ntwo loops side by side. The left-hand\\nloop is then passed through the one on\\nthe right and drawn out as far as possi-\\nble. This forms a knot that must be\\narranged to be slipped over and about\\nthe first knot tied. It is then drawn up\\ntight, a fastening being formed that can\\nnot slip. Before drawing the final knot\\ntight, the loop can be made of the exact size wanted.\\nBut little practice is required to tie this loop when\\nonce learned. Do not reverse the order or vary\\nfrom the explanation given in any way.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER X\\nFLY FISHING\\nThere are innumerable\\nmethods of fishing, and often\\nmany ways of catching the\\nsame variety of fish, some of\\nwhich call for a great amount\\nof skill that only experience\\ncan give. The greatest of all,\\nwhere skill and accuracy both\\nare necessary, and which can\\nbe acquired only by long and\\nconstant labor, is to fish with the fly. It is the most\\ngraceful method of fishing, and the most difiicult as\\nwell. With but little practice, under a good tutor, a\\nfly can be cast in a way and fish caught. Unfortu-\\nnately, many fishermen are content with such a lim-\\nited knowledge, believing that they know all regard-\\ning this most skillful form of the sport, whereas, in\\nreality, they have scarcely mastered its rudiments.\\nFirst of all, to understand fly fishing one must\\n102\\nA well-tied fly.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "FLY FISHING 103\\nknow much of the habits of fish, and especially of\\ntheir natural food, so far, at least, as their liking for\\nflies and insects is in question. Then, a knowledge\\nof what particular flies are seasonable during differ-\\nent months of the year is necessary. A certain fly\\nused in its proper season is nnich more eflective than\\nout of season, although the rule is not at all iron-\\nclad. This is preliminary, but of great advantage to\\nknow.\\nThe next important step in order is the selection\\nof a proper rod. The general consensus of opinion\\nis that one made of split bamboo is by far the best,\\nand it is. For the beginner, however, a rod of lance-\\nwood, bethabara, or greenheart not too light, per-\\nhaps seven or eight ounces in weight is the proper\\none to learn and practice with. Such a rod will\\nstand much hard usage, and, being inexpensive,\\nentails but little loss if broken. A better and lighter\\nrod can be got when experience warrants.\\nAn enameled silk line, No. D or E, is properly\\nadapted to fly fishing, the former probably being\\nthe better for a beginner, as it is heavier. For an\\nexperienced fisherman, however, E is generally the\\nfavorite size, a tapered line allowing of better and\\nmore accurate casting. Any reel can be used, but\\nif the automatic is to be adopted, practice should\\nbe commenced with it. When learning or prac-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "104 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nticing casting, use the line only, without flies or\\nleader.\\nProperly to cast a fly, the forearm and wrist only\\nare used, and, in reality, the upper arm could be\\nfastened to the side without interfering w^ith the\\nwork. The first endeavor of an amateur is to try to\\ncast to a distance. Since at first accuracy is of the\\ngreatest importance and distance of far less, the for-\\nmer should be practiced only. The effort to throw\\na line to a distance without knowing how will cause\\nthe beginner to use the full strength of his arm and\\nto acquire a habit that will be most diflicult to break\\nofl: if it can be overcome at all.\\nAs stated, fly casting is done entirely with the\\nforearm and wrist, and with the expenditure of but\\nlittle, if any, energy. When once learned it can be\\nkept up for hours without tiring the arm to any\\nextent. The whole secret of expertness is to learn\\njust when, on the throw-back, the line is out per-\\nfectly straight before recovering and making the\\nforward cast. This can not l)e taught, and can only\\nbe learned by careful practice. At last one seems to\\nknow instinctively when to recover, and the secret is\\nlearned. It is far better to cast twenty or twenty-\\nfive feet of line accurately than a far greater length\\nwithout being able to control the direction absolutely.\\nMore fish will be taken generally within thirty feet,", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "FLY FISHING 105\\nthan over that distance. Occasionally a pool can\\nnot be approached closely, and a long line must be\\nthrown, but distance is easily acquired in fact, it\\nconies naturally in practice.\\nThe late Eeuben Wood, of Syracuse, N. Y., was\\nwithout question the finest fly caster of his day, and\\nhe always had set rules that his pupils must follow.\\nHe invariably tied a beginner s upper arm to his\\nside, making him cast in that way, until, when free,\\nthe arm was kept against the side naturally. An-\\nother rule, and a good one, was that for a consider-\\nable length of time he would only allow a line twice\\nthe length of the rod to be thrown. A chip of wood\\nwas tossed upon the water, and all effort must be\\nmade to drop the line over it. Eventually the line\\nwas lengthened and casts to a greater distance made,\\nbut accuracy must keep pace, and especial attention\\nwas paid to dropping the cast lightly upon the water.\\nWhen the line has become straightened out be-\\nhind, the forward cast should be made with a sharp,\\nsteady throw of the rod never with a jerk. The\\npoint of the rod naturally drops, and if it is held in\\nthis position until the cast strikes the water the\\nleader and flies w^ill generally drop in circular form.\\nTo avoid this and have the leader fall gently and in\\na straight line, the point of the rod should be ele-\\nvated three or four feet just at the moment the cast", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "106 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nis about to strike. Tliis causes just enough drawing\\nback of the line to straighten it out to its full length.\\nThe flies are then drawn through the water until the\\nrod is upright, whereupon the cast is repeated.\\nIf a fish strikes a fly when the leader is loosely\\ncoiled upon the water, it is not liable to get hooked,\\nin which event it is not probable that it will strike\\nagain. When the leader is dropped straight, there is\\nevery chance of hooking the tish. It is well to know\\nalso that in casting up stream, the line must be drawn\\nback and re-cast very (juickly. If this is not done,\\nthe current slackens the line, preventing a strike if a\\nfish rises, and preventing another cast, unless by reel-\\ning in and starting anew.\\nIt should always be remembered that if a fish\\nshould rise to the flies within six or eight feet of\\none s boat, one must never strike it, as it will almost\\ninvariably break a rod. Avoid the temptation by\\nnever having the flies so near. In drawing the flies\\nupon the water every effort should be made to imi-\\ntate a natural movement. If a short line is being\\ncast, a slight shaking of the rod in drawing will\\ncause them to flutter. In the case of a long cast,\\nshort jerks will bring about the same result. As\\nthe natural action of a fly is being imitated, it will\\nbe seen at once how necessary it is to drop the leader\\nand flies delicately upon the water. If they are", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "FLY FISHING lOT\\nthrown roughly, with a splash, the fish are fright-\\nened away.\\nThe use of very large flies is a grievous mistake,\\nand exi^erienced anglers discarded them long since.\\nA fly tied on a No. 4 or 5 hook Avill be found sufti-\\nciently large even for salmon, and only occasionally\\nwill a No. 2 or 3 be required. For small fish, No. 8\\nwill be found small enough. Medium or small flies\\nwill attract fish when large ones will not, and will\\nhook them more securely. A six-foot leader will\\nprove much more satisfactory and convenient than a\\nshorter or longer one. Loop leaders are preferable\\nto those tied with knots, as they allow flies to be\\nchanged easier and much more quickly.\\nConcerning the particular flies to be used it can\\nbe said that, aside from several that are considered\\nstandard and always good, it is as w^ell to leave the\\nselection of any others to personal choice. In some\\nlocahties certain flies are considered absolutely neces-\\nsary, that elsewhere would prove to be useless.\\nKnowledge of such conditions must govern the selec-\\ntion also. In all parts of the country and for all\\nfish the following flies will be found to be standard\\nand favorites as well Jock Scott, Silver Doctor,\\nCoachman, Professor, Queen of the Waters, Parma-\\ncheene Belle, Montreal, Eeuben Wood, Ferguson,\\nand Browa Hackle.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "108 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nThis list gives almost enough variety, and all\\nmentioned should be carried. If others are desired\\nto provide for any emergency, there are numberless\\nkinds to select from. At times only a special fly will\\nattract fish, and at others almost any one, no matter\\nhow odd, will prove to be especially good.\\nThere is one bit of advice in reference to rods\\nthat properly can be given here. It is a strong temp-\\ntation to have a large number, and to carry several on\\na trip to the woods or elsewhere, when the amount of\\nbaggage to be carried should be made as small as pos-\\nsible. Naturally one will say that there is always a\\ngreat possibility of rods being broken, and that it is\\nnecessary to have others to replace them. The best\\nplan to follow is to have a special rod made, consist-\\ning of one butt, two second joints, and three or four\\ntips. A tip is often broken, a second joint occasion-\\nally, a butt rarely therefore, a rod of this descrip-\\ntion is in reality equal to two. This does away with\\nthe necessity of carrying an extra one.\\nFor an expert angler, the weight of his rod must\\nbe a matter of choice guided by his own experience,\\nbut a word of advice to others is needed. There is a\\nstrong tendency to select the two extremes either\\ntoo light or too heavy both of which should be\\navoided. A light rod of three or four ounces, while\\nit will bring a fish to net, requires enough labor and", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "FLY FISHING\\n109\\nY^orry to tire the fisherman quickly. If too heavy\\nten ounces or over\u00e2\u0080\u0094 it is too stiff to cast a Hne\\nproperly, and will not give a hard-fighting fish the\\nspring necessary to liandle it well.\\nExperience will teach that a rod of 6, 6^, or 7\\nounces is just correct. It is light and springy enough\\nto cast out a long line, and to handle and tire a fish\\neasily as well. These weights are too light, however,\\nfor an inexperienced hand.\\nIt is advisable to have for reference a list of stan-\\ndard flies from which a selection can be made when\\nrequired. While the small variety previously men-\\ntioned is, as stated, ordinarily sufficient, others may\\nbe needed at times. The fly fisherman should become\\nfamiliar with the names, and as far as possible with\\nthe flies themselves, in order to distinguish them.\\nThe list following, while it does not give the names\\nof all flies made, will be found to cover the best\\nknown and most successful.\\nReuben Wood,\\nSeth Green,\\nScarlet Ibis,\\nWhite Miller.\\nCoachman,\\nGreen Drake,\\nFerguson,\\nMontreal,\\nMarch Brown,\\nGrizzly King,.\\nJungle Cock,\\nBlack Hackle,\\nBrow n Hackle,\\nQueen of the Waters,\\nBeaver Kill,\\nCow Dung,\\nProfessor,\\nBaltimore,\\nBucktail,\\nRoyal Coachman,\\nAbbey,\\nYellow Sally,\\nGov. Alvord,\\nSilver Doctor,\\nJohn Mann,\\nMcCarthy Ouanauiche,\\nHares Ear,\\nBrown Palmer,\\nParmacheene Belle,\\nJbck Scott.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "110 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nThe subject of fly casting is a most difficult one\\nto explain therefore, practical Innts only can be given.\\nTo become a successful fly caster, constant careful\\npractice is absolutely necessary. One must discover\\nLis own faults and correct them at once. As advised,\\naccuracy is the first and most important rule to fol-\\nlow it is absohitely necessary so much so, that im-\\nmediate success can not be obtained unless it is\\nachieved. Delicacy ranks next, and it is almost\\nequally important. Accuracy drops a fly where a fish\\nhas just risen, delicacy avoids frightening it, and\\nattracts it. Distance is necessary at times, but that\\ncomes in due course, when the other requirements\\nhave been mastered.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEK XI\\nHOW TO CATCH SALMON AND TROUT\\nUnfortunately, the op-\\nportunities to seek salmon fish-\\ning are very limited. This is\\nbecause all the fishing rights\\non both American and easily\\naccessible Canadian rivers\\nhave been leased either by\\nindividuals or clubs. Unless\\nSalmon leaping a fall. g^^^^j.^ iuvitatiou\\nto fish such waters as a guest, or seeks the rivers on\\nthe northern coast of the Gulf of St. Lawrence or of\\nLabrador, the opportunity is impossible. The rivers\\njust mentioned can only be reached at the expense of\\nmuch time and money, especially as there are no boats\\nrunning to reach them. All this refers to the Atlan-\\ntic salmon. The Pacific varieties, as mentioned in a\\npreceding chapter, do not, as a rule, take bait readily.\\nThe Atlantic salmon take the fly only, and special\\nheavy tackla is required. The rods vary from 15 to\\n111", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "112 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\n18 feet in length, and average in weight from 16 to\\n20 ounces. A large multiplying reel that will carry\\n150 yards or more of light linen line is required. As\\nin other fishing, large flies are being discarded, and\\nNo. 2 hooks are generally the largest used, with\\nNos. 3 and 4 the favorite sizes. But one fly is\\nused, and that is fastened to the end of a 6-foot\\nsingle gut leader, that in turn is loop.ed to a 3- or 6-\\nfoot double leader, which is attached to the line.\\nWith such a large rod two-handed casting must be\\ndone, the left hand above and the right below the\\nreel, with the butt of the rod frequently resting\\nagainst the body to relieve the hands of strain.\\nWhen casting either from a boat or the shore a\\nposition is taken above the pool, which is slowly\\nwhipped across a few times. Then the fisherman\\nmoves down some 5 or 6 feet and again casts, repeat-\\ning this until the entire pool is covered. The proper\\nway to cast is to drop the fly at the right-hand side\\nnear the shore, and, by successively raising and drop-\\nping the tip of the rod, to draw the fly up stream and\\nthen to float it back. This causes the fly to flutter,\\nwhile the cast is gradually being worked across the\\npool to the extreme left. As just said, the cast is\\nrepeated several times before moving down. A. pecul-\\niarity of salmon, in which it differs from trout or bass,\\nis that it comes up straight to the fly, and will not", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "A. I", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "114 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nstrike it from any other direction or from a distance.\\nWhen it takes the hook, a strike with the rod is not\\nmade as with other fish. The reason is that the sal-\\nmon strikes lightly, usually hooking in the lips, and\\nthe mouth being very tender, a jerk will tear it loose.\\nFor this reason, also, a constant, steady strain must be\\nmaintained, not allowing slack at any time. A strain\\nnot exceeding two pounds should be kept on the fish,\\nand when it is exhausted it should be led to gaff with\\na steady pull never in excess of this.\\nUsually considerable time is required to tire a\\nlarge salmon and bring it to gaif, which has a ten-\\ndency to make the fisherman impatient. Patience,\\nand a constant remembrance of the light steady pull\\nrequired never increasing it will lead to success.\\nSalmon always remain in a pool during the day,\\nascending the river only at night. For this reason\\nthey are easily found, when once they have com-\\nmenced to I un up toward the spawning beds. It is\\nan unanswered question why these fish take a fly, as\\nthey are never known to take food of any kind when\\nin fresh water. Moreover, a fly has never been\\nfound in their stomach. Many old salmon fishermen\\nclaim, and with some reason, that the moving or\\nfluttering of the fly over them as they lie in the pool\\nis an annoyance, and they simply strike to kill it.\\nThe fact that they are always hooked in the lips.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "now TO CATCH SALMON AND TROUT 115\\nrarely in tlie interior of the mouth or throat, would\\nseem to prove this. Trout and bass take flies as food\\nwith a vicious swallow, consequently the majority\\nfforo-e the hook, and fasten it well back in the mouth.\\nSalmon are easily seen in the pools when passing\\nover them in a boat, which seemingly frightens them,\\nas they move away, but only to return to their original\\nplace in a few moments. It occurs very often that\\nthey will not rise to a fly, though every ejffort is made\\nto make them take the bait. Neither a spoon, nor\\nlive or dead bait of any kind, tempts them. They\\nseemingly are able to live on the thick layers of fat\\nthey possess until returned to the sea.\\nThe favorite flies with salmon fishermen are the\\nJock Scott and Silver Doctor, although many other\\npatterns are used. Their evident requirement is that\\nthey be bright-colored and attractive, rather than dull\\nor of dark color.\\nMuch experience is required to hook, play, and\\nkill a salmon more so than any other fish. It is\\nbest, therefore, if opportunity offers to secure such\\nfishing, to accept the advice of an experienced salmon\\nfisherman.\\nThere are but two methods of properly catching\\nbrook trout of any kind namely, with bait or fly.\\nIn lakes they are sometimes taken trolling with\\nsmall spoons or spinners, but such methods are not", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "116 FAMILIAR FISH, THEm HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nsportsmanlike in the case of such beautiful game\\nfish.\\nThere are many small streams and brooks through-\\nout the country, containing trout, that are more or\\nless bordered by woods or brush, or which themselves\\nare filled with logs and snags, fly casting being im-\\npossible in either case. When the trout season opens\\nin April or early May, as it does in the majority of\\nStates, it is entirely too early for the fly to be taken.\\nUnder such conditions the trout fisherman relies upon\\nbait fishing, and goes forth to match his skill with the\\nwonderful craftiness of this fish. It is a great mis-\\ntake to consider stream fishing for trout with bait as\\nnot requiring skill. There is no other kind of angling\\nthat requires more. Trout, whether of the brook,\\nrainbow, or brown variety, are crafty fish, and very\\neasily frightened, especially in shallow waters. If\\nundisturbed, they may occasionally be seen resting\\nquietly in the deeper pools, but, as a usual thing, they\\nremain hidden. Under every shelving bank, under\\nevery log from which the current has washed away\\nthe sand, and under every fall where the drop of the\\nwater has made a deep hole, there is the lurking place\\nof the trout. Beneath or behind every obstruction\\nthat offers a hiding place, one or more fish may be\\nfound. The expert stream fisherman knows this, and\\nvery slowly he fishes, dropping his hook into every", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "118 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nlikelj place. A poor angler fishes rapidly, selecting\\nonly the most promising holes, and passes over many\\nfish in the others. Kever neglect a likely spot, no\\nmatter if it delays, and all of the brook can not\\nbe fished. Remember, the slow careful fisherman\\nsecures the most fish.\\nExceeding great care must be taken in approach-\\ning or fishing a stream, as the slightest jar of the\\nbank or motion of the body or rod will frighten the\\nfish. A trout usually lies heading up stream, and\\nthe bait should be carefully lowered and allowed to\\nfloat by or under the obstruction as naturally as pos-\\nsible. The moment the fish bites which it always\\ndoes with a rush a quick twitch is given with the\\nwrist to set the hook, and without a pause the trout\\npulled out upon the bank. Any hesitation allows\\nopportunity for the fish to dart behind a snag, fasten\\nthe line, and usually work free.\\nWhen the days get hot in summer, warming the\\nwater, trout always ascend the streams nearer to their\\ncold spring sources, and hide as far back under the\\nbanks as possible. Then it is especially difficult to\\ncatch them. If one is fortunate enough to be upon\\na stream when a heavy thunder shower comes up,\\nmost excellent fishing will generally follow. Such a\\nshower precipitates large quantities of rain, which\\nflows into the brook as surface water, roiling it up", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "HOW TO CATCH SALMON AND TROUT 119\\nbadly. As soon as the stream begins to be discolored,\\nthe fish are unable to see the fisherman but they\\ninstinctively know that the storm washes in food,\\nand are watching closely for it. They take the bait\\neagerly then, and will be caught in holes where pre-\\nviously a bite could not be got.\\nIf trout will not take any bait oifei-ed, although\\nthey are known to be in the stream, a successful\\nscheme is to roil up the water. This is easily accom-\\nplished by getting into it and stirring up the bottom\\nwith a large stick. The stream becomes discolored\\nfor a considerable distance down, and will cause the\\nfish to bite when otherwise they would not. This\\ncan be repeated as often as necessary. It is a per-\\nfectly legitimate and sportsmanlike ruse, and will be\\noften found successful.\\nOf all bait for stream trout fishing, angle worms\\nare the best, and those of good size are to be pre-\\nferred. They should be looped three or four times\\nthrough the middle on the hook, and each end left\\nhanging to squirm about. White grubs are good\\noccasionally, and grasshoppers in season, but worms\\nare the best at all times. The most satisfactory angle\\nworm to use is the night crawler, which can only be\\nsecured during the evening with the aid of a lantern.\\nIt is very large, and seems to be most attractive.\\nWorms should always be dug up two or three days", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "120 FAMILIAR PISH, THEIR HABITS AKD CAPTURE\\nbefore being used, and at once placed in fresh moss\\nor grass. There they not only cleanse themselves\\nthoroughly, but from free contact with the air be-\\ncome tough and hard. This makes a much more\\nsatisfactory bait than that freshly dug up.\\nA lancewood rod of eight or ten ounces makes\\nthe most satisfactory one for bait fishing, although a\\nsteel rod is excellent. Those that telescope and have\\nthe line running through the center instead of\\nthrough outside rings, are especially good where the\\n-\\\\\\\\^.v\\\\aKV\\nAngling for Trout.\\nfishing is through heavy brush. The line can be\\nreeled in, leaving only the hook projecting, and the\\nrod trailed behind without danger of the line s catch-\\ning on twigs. This saves time, avoids broken rods,\\nand preserves one s temper as well. The same reels", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "HOW TO CATCU SALMON AND TROUT 121\\nand lines can be used as in other fishing. Eitlier\\nAberdeen, Kirbj, Carlisle, or Sproat hooks are adapt-\\ned to stream fishing. They should be single-snelled,\\nISTos. 4 and 5 being the correct sizes. Split shot\\nshould be used for sinkers, and not more than two or\\nthree small ones fastened to the gut. The swiftness\\nof the current will indicate what is necessary.\\nWherever waters are sufficiently open for fly fish-\\ning, and the season is right, it is a mistake not to\\nadopt that method. A regular fly rod should be used,\\nand either No. 5 or ^N o. 8 flies placed on the cast,\\naccording to the size of the fish to be taken. Trout\\nare particularly fond of flies of all kinds, and during\\nwarm weather will be seen constantly rising to them.\\nAYhile they may be taken in this way at any hour\\nduring the day, the early evening, and until dark, is\\nthe better time, especially on ponds and large bodies\\nof water. In streams, a fly deftly dropped upon the\\nwater will often lure from its hiding place a fish that\\ncould not be tempted with bait. Under such condi-\\ntions the hook can be replaced by a cast of flies,\\nwdiich is allowed to float down with the current. In\\nfact, it is often advisable to try this whether any flsh\\nare taken from good pools or not. Absolutely the\\ntwo best trout flies are the Scarlet Ibis and Parma-\\ncheene Belle.\\nThis is the fishing that requires the bait box and", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "122 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nfish basket mentioned in tlie list of tackle required.\\nTrout should always be killed as soon as caught by\\na blow on the head, and in warm w^eather cleaned\\nquickly and packed in grass or leaves in the basket,\\nso that one does not touch another. A good and\\nmerciful rule to follow with all fish caught is to kill\\nthem at once by a blow on the head, unless one is in\\na boat, where they can be strung on a line and kept\\nalive in the w^ater.\\nIn cleaning trout use a small, sharp knife, and\\ncut them open lengthwise from the vent to the gills\\nthen cut the under jDart of the gills crosswise, and\\none pull will remove gills and intestines. A vein of\\nblood will be found along the backbone, which should\\nbe removed with the point of the knife. The trout\\nis a delicate fish, and, unless carefully cleaned, soft-\\nens and spoils quickly; therefore w^ash the inside\\nthoroughly.\\nThe salmon is cleaned in an entirely different\\nmanner. A Y-cut is made at the vent and a large\\ncross cut under the head and gills. From this open-\\ning the entrails are drawn out. Then, after washing,\\nthe inside is cleaned. The flesh around the belly,\\nwhich contains the layers of fat, is especially prized\\nby old salmon fishers.\\nFor many years past individuals and clubs have\\nbeen leasing trout streams throughout the country.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "HOW TO CATCH SALMON AND TROUT ]23\\nleaving but few good brooks that could be iislied.\\nMany of the States have recently passed laws j^roliib-\\nitmg such leases, and as many old preserves are now\\nexpiring by limitation, and all open fishing streams\\nare constantly being stocked with trout, each year\\nwill henceforth afford better fishing and moi e waters\\nto fish for every one.\\nIt is the duty of every fisherman to see that the\\nclose seasons for trout, as well as all other fish, are\\nnot violated also to aid in preventing, as far as pos-\\nsible, illegal fishing of all kinds.\\nIt is well to know that in all streams and brooks\\nin the open country trout can be found at all periods\\nof the open season. In large bodies of water ponds\\nand lakes however, tliey constantly change about.\\nThis is especially true of fishing waters in the woods.\\nAs soon as the ice goes out in the spring, brook trout\\nwdll invariably seek rapids, where they can be taken\\nas long as high water continues. In rapids that are\\nespecially deep they will be found all through the\\nyear. During June, July, and August these fish\\nseek the spring holes that is, near the mouths of\\ncold brooks. Here they will be found, not every day,\\nbut every few days, and at such places a catch can\\nalmost always be secured.\\nThe lake trout is, properly speaking, a difficult\\nfish to catcii. When the ice leaves the lakes in the", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "124 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nspring tliej will always be found in shallow water,\\nfrom eight to ten feet deep, near the shore. As the\\nwater warms with the coming of summer they gradu-\\nally work out deeper and deeper, until, in midsum-\\nmer, they can be found only in the deepest part of a\\nlake. When in shallow water, they can be taken by\\ntrolling with a spoon, with a minnow or a piece of\\nfish attached. In deep water two methods are fol-\\nlowed to take them. The most common way is to\\nanchor a buoy in a likely part of a lake, baiting it by\\nthrowing in around it, for several successive days, a\\nquantity of fish and fish cleanings cut up into quite\\nsmall pieces. This will attract the fish. The boat is\\nthen anchored to the buoy, the angling being done\\nwith a strong hand line. A No. 1 or No. 2 snell hook\\nis the proper size to use, and a heavy sinker is abso-\\nlutely necessary to carry the bait down for such deep\\nfishing. A generous piece of fresh fish is used for\\nbait, and is lowered until it touches bottom, being\\nthen raised not more than a foot or a foot and a half.\\nClose attention must be paid to this fishing, as a lake\\ntrout does not bite hard, and with so much line out\\nthe strike is scarcely perceptible. As they take the\\nbait whole and at once, no delay should be made in\\nstriking them sharply. Usually good -sized fish are\\ntaken, and they fight very hard. About 40 to 60\\nfeet depth of water is as deep as this method of fish-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "HOW TO CATCH SALMON AND TROUT 125\\ning can be successfully practiced. If properly and\\npatiently followed siicli fisliing will prove to be thor-\\noughly satisfactory.\\nThe other method is deep-water bottom trolling.\\nA heavy line of 100 to 150 feet is used, with a pear-\\nshaped sinker of 2i ounces. About 4 feet above the\\nsinker a 6-foot leader or piece of line is attached,\\nto the end of which a No. 1 snell hook is fastened,\\nand baited with a minnow or piece of fish. This fish-\\ning is done from a boat which is rowed slowly, the\\nline being run out until the sinker touches bottom.\\nIt is then raised a trifle, but every moment or two\\ndropped again until the bottom is felt. This is done\\nto keep the line as close to the bottom as possible.\\nWith a little practice it is easily accomplished. This\\nfisliing, of course, is done by hand, for the same rea-\\nson that angling at the buoy is to feel readily the\\ndelicate bite given. When opportunity ofliers, lake-\\ntrout fishing should be taken up, as it affords most\\ndelightful sport, calling into play great skill. Do\\nnot overlook always using swivels in attaching hooks\\nto lines when trolling.\\nThe salmon family are not only collectively and\\nindividually the most beautiful game fish we have,\\nbut of double interest from the fact that they afford\\na greater variety of fishing than any other single kind\\nof fish.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XII\\nOUANANICHE AND SEA-TEOUT FISHING\\nWhile all fly fishing is to\\na certain extent similar, the\\nmethod of taking ouananiche\\nvaries considerably in many\\nf r^ ~v respects from all the others.\\nCanoeing for Ouananiche. i^^\\nThis fishing is done mostly\\nupon rough, seething, boiling waters and requires a\\ncertain amount of practice to bring success. In the\\nfirst place, it is well to know in advance that when\\none of these fish is hooked the fisherman is obliged\\nto fight not only its own strength, but that of\\nthe current as well. As stated in the chapter on the\\nouananiche, none of the fresh-water fish can equal its\\nfighting powers, and, pound for pound, it will out-\\nfight even the salmon.\\nOuananiche are great smashers of rods and tackle,\\nunless one understands how to play them, especially\\nwhen they make their numerous high jumps from\\nthe water. It is not an exaggeration to state that\\n126", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "OUANANICHE AND SEA-TROUT FISHING 127\\nthese jumps will average at least five or six, and\\nfrequently will number ten or twelve. And such\\nleaps Two or three feet out of the w^ater, often\\ntoward the fisherman, then a rush deep down a\\npause a succession of jerks that w^ould seem to\\ntear the hook loose a wild rush of varying dis-\\ntance, and a run back, almost to the angler s feet.\\nA fish weighing 3-| or 4 pounds will make a fight\\nlasting ten or fifteen minutes, often longer, and\\nthat means hard work for every moment for the\\nfisherman.\\nThe method of playing the ouananiche is worthy\\nof description in detail, as it will aid intending fisher-\\nmen greatly. Eods from 5J to 8 ounces give the\\nmost satisfaction, 6 or 6^ ounces being the best.\\nMuch lighter and even heavier rods are advocated by\\nsome anglers, but long experience proves their error.\\nA very light rod can not check a fish, since it does not\\nafford a sufficiently strong spring to tire it. A rod\\nheavier than the weight mentioned does not bend\\nreadily enough to act as a spring it is too stiff. So\\nfar as possible, the ouananiche should be played with\\nthe rod bent to a C- shape, the butt toward the fish.\\nWhile the right hand holds the rod, some six feet of\\nline should be drawn out between the reel and first\\nring with the left. Holding the rod and line in this\\nway checks- the fish from making long runs, and pre-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "12S FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nvents excessive strain during its jumps. When a\\njump is made, the rod is pointed directly tOM^ard the\\nlish, and line given or taken with tiie left hand, as\\nthe strain may warrant. This method of fishing will\\ntire any lish much quicker than playing it with rod\\nand reel alone, and doubtless will save a greater num-\\nber. It causes a steady strain, and is the only method\\nthat will prevent too much pull at any single moment.\\nIn reality, the hand takes the place of the reel to a\\ngreat extent. Certainly a fish can be handled in a\\nmuch more delicate manner, the various jerks and\\npulls indicating, through the sense of touch, just\\nwhat is to be done. In case a fish pulls too hard, or\\nundertakes to make a run, then the line is released\\nby the hand, and all necessary playing done with the\\nreel. The line can be quickly grasped again in the\\nevent of farther jumping.\\nNo more than two flies on a 6-foot leader should\\nbe used, and if the fish are biting freely it is safer\\nto use but one. If two ouananiche are hooked at\\nonce, both are rarely saved, as either a fly or leader,\\nif not the rod itself, will be broken by the vigorous\\npulling in different directions. Patience is a good\\nvirtue to practice with all flsh, but especially with\\nthe ouananiche. Never try to hurry them in any\\nway, but play them as long as necessary, and lead\\nthem to net only when they show exhaustion.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "h\\nJ-\\nm", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "130 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nMore fish have been lost tlirougli haste than through\\nany other single cause, and nearly all anglers at times\\nlose patience.\\nThe ouananiche being generally taken in very\\nrough water, they should, whenever possible, be led\\nto a quiet eddy to play and land. This relieves one\\nfrom the added strain of the swift-flowing water.\\nThe same flies are used as in salmon fishing, the\\ngaudy bright ones being preferred. At times almost\\nany fly may be used successfully when the fish do\\nnot rise readily, different ones should be thoroughly\\ntried. Some locally known flies, such as the B. A.\\nScott and McCarthy Ouananiche, are usually found\\nto be attractive. In fishing with two flies, always\\nuse the brighter one as the trailer or end, and a dull\\ncontrasting one as the dropper or top. Nos. 4 and\\n5 are the proper sizes of hooks to use.\\nThose who have the time and opportunity, and\\nhave had sufficient practice in fly casting, will do well\\nto seek the ouananiche, and then to turn to sea-trout\\nfishing, for, with the excej^tion of salmon, these two\\nfish afford the greatest sport that the angler can find.\\nAs has been stated, all rivers flowing into the St.\\nLawrence below Quebec, and those running into the\\nSaguenay, are naturally trout waters. With the\\ngoing out of the ice, often earlier, tlie trout all run\\ndown to salt water, and remain there until July or", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "132 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nAugust, when they again ascend the rivers prepara-\\ntory to spawning.\\nDuring June and July, until all have ascended\\nthe rivers, these fish are always found in the vicinity\\nof the mouths, in what might in reality be called the\\nspring holes. They seem to require cold water, as do\\nfresh -water trout. Here they are taken with the fly,\\nor with bait, if one prefers. This fishing is done\\nfrom boats, as the fish are generally too far out from\\nshore to be reached otherwise. Usually sea trout\\nare very plentiful, and it is rarely indeed that a day s\\nfishing will not give satisfaction in the number taken.\\nExactly the same tackle is used as for ouananiche,\\ntrout, or bass, and the same flies, both in kind and\\nsize. The area to be fished in is generally much\\nlarger than that of a spring hole in fresh-water lakes,\\nand gives the fisherman ample opportunity to test his\\ncasting ability. Occasionally during the day, and\\nalways in the late afternoon, the trout are seen rising\\nas in fresh water. The fly should be dropped into\\nthe swirl they make, a strike being almost invariably\\nthe result. This is one of the many occasions where\\naccuracy is required, and the necessity of acquiring\\nit will be seen.\\nWhile small sea trout are often taken, their aver-\\nage weight will be found to be greater than that of\\nthe fresh-water variety. Fish of 3 and 4 pounds", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "134 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIIi HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nare often taken, and of 6 to 8 pounds occasionally.\\nTliey fight hard, as do all trout, and afford unbounded\\nsport. As explained in a previous chapter, the exte-\\nrior colorings of trout change materially upon their\\nleaving fresh water for the sea. The bright colors\\nand spots become dull, and the fish lacks much of its\\nformer beauty. No change occurs in the color of the\\nflesh or its excellent qualities for the table.\\nWhen the fish begin to leave the sea and ascend\\nthe rivers, the bright colorings not only return, but\\nactually appear to be more beautiful than those of the\\ntrout that always remain in fresh w^ater. Here they\\nare found in the deeper holes, and rise greedily to a\\nfly. Their greediness is diflicult to understand, as most\\nof the rivers referred to are salmon streams, and trout\\nare mortal enemies of voung: salmon, beino: almost\\nalways gorged w^ith these fish when taken. They\\nare so plentiful and constantly increasing that it is\\nfeared they will destroy the salmon. In many rivers\\nan effort is being made to stop their ascent from\\nthe sea by placing a series of nets across the mouths\\nof the streams. As tront do not ascend until long\\nafter the sahnon have gone up, there is no interfer-\\nence. The result of the experiment is being watched\\nfor anxiously. The lessee of any salmon river will\\ngladly give permission to fish it for trout for the rea-\\nsons fi^iven.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "OUANANICIIE AND SEA-TROUT FISHING 135\\nBut little attention, comparatively speaking, Las\\nbeen given to sea trout, principally because their\\nnature was not understood, and, in fact, but little has\\nbeen said or written in regard to them to arouse\\ninterest. The lessees of the sea-trout streams on\\nLong Island are very enthusiastic over the fishing\\nthey secure, as are those sportsmen wlio have sought\\nit in Canada. The Canadian rivers are now more\\nquickly and easily reached than formerly, and as the\\nfish are rapidly acquiring fame they are bound to\\nbecome much sought after by anglers. However,\\nsea-trout fishing is but fishing for brook trout under\\ndifferent conditions, and amid varied surroundings.\\nThey offer, however, two extra inducements\u00e2\u0080\u0094 they\\nare more plentiful and usually average larger.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEE XIII\\nANGLING FOK BASS\\nThe descriptions given of tlie meth-\\nods of catcliing salmon, ouananiclie, and\\nsea trout may not prove of immediate\\ninterest or assistance to many fishermen,\\nbut it is to be hoped tliat they will event-\\nually be of service to all. The subject\\nof bass fishing, however, comes close to\\nthe heart of every angler, as they are\\nbeyond question the most widely distrib-\\nuted, and doubtless the most sought for,\\nof all fresh- water fish. Almost every\\none has caught a bass, or desires to catch\\none, and there is certainly nothing to\\nprevent him. They are very plentiful,\\nand to be found on all sides. But they\\nare hard fighters, and to catch them in\\nnumbers one must understand their nature, and be\\nsomething of a skilled fisherman as well.\\nIn Chapter Y, sufficient has been said regarding\\n136\\nA good string.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "ANGLING Foil BASS I37\\nthe nature and habits of the bass family to afford a\\ngood understanding of those points. Now tlie varied\\nmethods of catching them are to be explained. The\\nmost approved as well as the most skillful manner\\nof taking black bass is with the fly, but that is not\\nalways possible, for very often they will not rise to\\none can not be tempted with any kind. They may\\nbe too deep down, or the water may be roily, necessi-\\ntating other methods of fishing that will place the\\nbait near to them. As the methods are numerous,\\neach will be explained in turn.\\nAs fly fishing for various fish has been fully\\nexplained a number of times thus far, it is not neces-\\nsary to go into the matter in detail here. The same\\nrods, reels, fines, flies, and leaders are used as for\\ntrout. Kos. 4 and 5 flies are advocated by most\\nfishermen, although a few prefer larger sizes. That\\nis a matter of choice, but the decision of the majority\\nseems best.\\nBlack bass should always be fished for on stone\\nor gravel bars, whether in lakes or rivers that is,\\nthe small-mouth variety. The large mouth are found,\\nas previously described, in the vicinity of grass, flags,\\nand weeds, and over muddy bottoms. They do not\\ntake the fly as readily as the small mouth, being\\nmore frequently taken on bait. Fishing for this\\nvariety will, be described later. AYhen the water is", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "138 FAMILIAR FISH, TPIEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nfavorable, clear, and not too deep, the fly should\\nalways be used. Either on shore, or from a boat,\\nposition should be taken above the bar, if in a river,\\nand the casts made down stream. Occasionally the\\nflies should be allowed to drift down across the bar\\nand to sway with the current, while lifting and drop-\\nping the tip of the rod from time to time is advised.\\nKext to the ouananiche, the black bass is the\\nhardest fighting fresh-water fish we have, not only in\\nmad rushes, but in jumping as well. When they rise\\nto the fly, a short, sharp strike is made with the rod\\nto set the hook securely, if possible. It is necessary\\nto know that the interior of a bass s mouth is almost\\nentirely bone, therefore it should be struck harder\\nthan any other fish. When once it is hooked, patience\\nmust be practided, as hurried effort to bring it to net\\nusually results in its loss. Always wait until it is\\nexhausted. With a good rod and the full strain put\\non the fish by giving the butt, it does not require a\\nlong time. Bass afford magnificent sport enough to\\nsatisfy the desires of any fisherman.\\nWhen flies are not successful, there are several\\nother methods of taking bass that afford nearly equal\\nsatisfaction, provided a light rod is used, preferably\\na fly rod, except under certain conditions. One\\nshould always be prepared witli bait for such emer-\\ngencies, a variety being necessary to insure success.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "rVM", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "140 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nLive bait is required, including minnows, soft-shell\\ncrabs, dobsons, angle worms, and crickets the first\\ntwo being usually the best, though there are times\\nwhen some one of the others only w^ill be taken.\\nUnless one desires to cast a small spinner, either with\\nor without a minnow attached, or a minnow fastened\\nto a plain hook, he will always get more sport by\\nusing a 6- or 7-ounce fly rod for bait fishing as stated.\\nFor spinner or minnow casting an 8- or 10- ounce rod\\nis required, the latter being the best. In bait fishing,\\nSpinner with Minnow.\\nKos. 2, 3, or 4 sproat or Kirby snelled hooks are the\\nproper ones to use, and, if the line is to drift down\\nacross the bar, only sufiicient weight of sinker should\\nbe attached to keep the bait under water, but not\\ndeep down. A fly rod used for this fishing makes\\nthe sport as keen as though a fly were used. It is\\ncatching a hard -fighting heavy fish on a light rod, but\\nshould not be attempted until one is thoroughly pro-\\nficient in handling such a rod.\\nIn fishing with bait, either by having it drift with\\nthe current in a river, or in deep water in a lake,\\nample time should be allowed the fish when it first\\nbites before striking it. This is especially true in", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "ANGLING FOR BASS 141\\nusing minnows. If the line is jerked when the bass\\nfirst takes the bait, it will be pulled from its mouth\\nbefore it has an opportunity to swallow the bait and\\nto get the hook fast. Bj keeping the line taut\\nthe fish can be felt working at the bait. When\\ngorged it will start away. Then is the opportunity\\nto strike and set the hook.\\nMinnow casting requires quite a little practice, as\\nthe minnow is easily thrown off. A fairly heavy rod\\nis used, as stated, and the bait carefully cast back,\\nuntil touching the water, two or three yards of line\\nbeing pulled out from the reel and held in the left\\nhand. Then the cast forward is slowly made, the\\nslack held in the left hand being allowed to run\\nout as the line straightens, the minnow dropping\\ngently into the water. It is allowed to sink a little\\nand is slowly drawn back, another cast being njade.\\nCasting with a small spinner is done in exactly the\\nsame way. This kind of fishing will often prove\\nsuccessful when all other methods fail.\\nAll lakes inhabited by bass contain either rocky\\nbars, or points and shelving shores of stones, upon or\\nabout which the fish will usually be found. If they\\nrun in shallow water, about ten feet deep or less, flies\\ncan be used, but in deeper water bait fishing is better.\\nSinkers sufficiently heavy to carry down the bait\\nshould be used. When two or more are fishing", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "142 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ntogether, different baits should be tried until it is\\nfound which is being taken the best. In using min-\\nnows, hook them through the lips or through the back\\njust under the dorsal tin the former is preferable\\nespecially with large bait. Two small crabs, about an\\ninch long, seem to attract tish better than one large\\none. They should be hooked through the tails, and\\nback to back. Dobsons and angleworms should be\\nplaced on the hook in such a way that they can\\nsquirm about. Two or three crickets, and often\\ngrasshoppers, make splendid bait.\\nVery frequently bass will be found on stony bot-\\ntoms at depths varying from 30 to 50 feet. To secure\\nthem so deep down, a very stiff bait rod is required,\\nas fully 50 or 60 feet of hue are necessary to reach\\nthat depth with a heavy sinker, and the fish can not\\nbe struck sufficiently hard to set a hook with a light\\nrod. A minnow should be used for bait, and ample\\ntime allowed the fish to gorge it after the first bite.\\nA long line being out, the advantage is on the side of\\nthe fish, great care being necessary to save it not a\\nparticle of slack should be allowed.\\nWhen all other methods fail, the last resort is to\\ntroll a small spinner, with or without a minnow, or a\\nminnow on a snell hook, very slowly across the bars\\nor around stony points. No sinkers are used, and\\n40 or 50 feet of line should be ran out. In fishing", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "ANGLING FOR BASS I43\\nin tills manner, the strike Is usually made a moment\\nor two after the fish bites, as a moving bait is gener-\\nally taken entire, the hook being in the mouth.\\nAll the preceding varieties of fishing refer partic-\\nularly to the small-mouth bass. As the habits of the\\nlarge mouth are different, other methods are followed\\nto capture them. One of the best ways, and a favorite\\none, is to cast a minnow, crab, or frog along the flag-\\nor weed-grown shore of a river. The boat should be\\nslowly rowed, and a long rod used. Tliis allows the\\nbait to be carefully thrown in the shallow water with-\\nout frightening the fish. A line not much longer\\nthan the length of the rod is used, permitting accurate\\ncasts to be made. This is usually a very successful\\nway to catch these fish. Another method used in\\nearly summer, before the weeds have grown under\\nwater, is to drift as closely to shore as possible, fish-\\ning with a minnow. A No. 1 or No. 2 hook should\\nbe used, and the bait fastened through the lips. A\\nheavy sinker is required, and a cork float is fastened\\nto the line, about 6 feet above the hook. This should\\nbe floated about 15 feet back of the boat. If pre-\\nferred, the float need not be used, in which event the\\nsinker is omitted and about 30 feet of line are run\\nout. In either method the fish must not be struck\\nuntil some time after it bites, giving it ample time to\\ngorge the bait. A swivel must always be used between", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "141 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nthe snell and the line, as the minnow is constantly turn-\\ning and twists the Hne badly. Of course, where\\npracticable, one can still fish from the shore or a boat\\nwith any of the baits mentioned for small-mouth bass,\\ngood catches being often made. Large-mouth bass\\nare not looked upon with as much favor as the small-\\nmouth variety. As already stated, they fight just as\\nhard for a short time, but do not keep it uj), as does\\ntheir relative. ISTeither are they considered equal as\\na table fish. They seem to taste, and almost to smell,\\nof the bottom from which they are taken.\\nStrawberry bass afford unlimited sport during the\\nseason w^hen they are biting well. They are gen-\\nerally found in large schools, but as they are constant-\\nly moving around, they must be followed about in a\\nboat. In fishing near bridge abutments and old piers\\nfor black bass, the strawberry bass is often taken.\\nIt has a very small mouth, as the illustration shows,\\nconsequently small hooks and very small minnows\\nmust be used for bait. A No. 5 sproat hook is the\\nbest size and kind.\\nNo one desires to catch rock bass, but, unfortu-\\nnately, as we have seen, they bite, and often get\\ncaught. It is therefore not necessary to advise how\\nto catch them.\\nWhite bass, or, as they are otherwise known, striped\\nor silver bass, are only caught by chance, and there-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "ANGLING FOR BASS 145\\nfore can not be especially fished for. Tliey are really\\ninhabitants of the Great Lakes, but a few run into\\nthe rivers tributary to them, and are occasionally\\ncaught when angling for other fish. They are taken\\non minnows and crabs. As they are determined\\nfighters, anglers always hope that good fortune will\\nsend one to their hook. They are always taken with\\nbait^ rarely, if ever, with flies.\\nu*", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XIY\\nHOW MUSKALLUNGE, PIKE, PICKEREL, AND PIKE\\nPERCH ARE CAUGHT\\nAs lias been stated,\\nmuskallunge are not\\nnaturally very widely\\ndistributed throus^li-\\nA trolling spoon.\\nout tlie country, and\\nalthough they are being artificially propagated by the\\nIS ew York State Fish Commission, but few, if any,\\nare being planted in new localities. They are prob-\\nal)ly the most voracious fish found in fresh waters,\\nliving entirely upon fish of all kinds. If placed in\\nwaters not hitherto inhabited by them, they will de-\\nstroy a large number of other fish, if not exterminate\\nthem entirely. Their range includes Lakes Supe-\\nrior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario, the St.\\nLawrence Eiver, the upper Ohio and Mississippi\\nRiver valleys, and rivers and lakes in Wisconsin,\\nMinnesota, New York, and possibly one or two other\\nStates. In Canada a few are taken in the province\\n146", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "HOW MUSKALLUNGE ARE CAUGHT 147\\nof Quebec, but in Ontario they are present in great\\nnumbers in nearly all large waters.\\nMuskallunge are caught either by trolling or still\\nfishing, according to the locality and their numbers.\\nThe method generally practiced is trolUng, a spoon\\nor minnow being most effective, though a piece of\\nfish or meat cut in a long strip will often prove suc-\\ncessful. In trolling, a hand line can be used, but the\\nbetter plan is to use a strong, stiff trolling rod, in\\norder to get the benefit of a reel. From the moment\\nmuskallunge are hooked until tliey are gaffed, the\\nfisherman has his hands full. They are constantly\\nrushing in all directions, and frequently leap from\\nthe water. Add to their natural fighting powers\\ngreat size and weight, and it will be readily under-\\nstood how difiicult it is to check their runs, or mas-\\nter them until they are exhausted by constant efforts\\nto break loose. This requires some time, as the fish\\ncan not be hurried to any extent. It is in its game\\nfighting powers that the muskallunge differs from\\nthe pike and pickerel. In fact it exceeds them, in\\nthis respect, practically beyond comparison.\\nA trolling outfit consists of a No. 1 braided linen\\nline fully 100 to 150 feet in length, Nos. and 7\\noval and kidney spoons (nickel finish), heavy swivels,\\nand an assortment of ringed sinkers. As a matter of\\nsafety, a twisted leader 3 feet lono; should be fastened", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "148 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nto the line with a swivel, and to that the spoon should\\nbe looped with another. In shallow water, trolling\\nnear the surface, a very light sinker is used, or none\\nat all. As deeper fishing becomes necessary, heavier\\nsinkers are exchanged for the smaller ones. We\\nknow now that in trolling with spoons for any variety\\nof fish, treble hooks are a dis-\\nadvantage, double ones being\\nmuch better. This is more\\nparticularly true with small\\nfish, or those w i t h small\\nDouble hook. Treble hook.\\nmouths. It is believed, how-\\never, that even large fish often strike ouq of the\\nthree hooks and knock them all aside with two this\\nis not liable to happen. Double hooks will hold\\nstrongly enough, and very rarely fasten the jaws\\ntogether as treble ones do, thus giving the fish more\\nopportunity to fight. A simple plan is to file off\\none of the three hooks .originally on the spoon.\\nIn trolling with a minnow, a gang of hooks espe-\\ncially tied for the purpose on gimp (silk wound with\\nwire), or on steel wire, should be employed. One\\ncomposed of No. 2 double hooks will be best. Three\\nof these are fastened one above the other, about two\\ninches apart. Above them a l^o. 4 or Ko. 5 single\\nhook is placed, to which the minnow is attached,\\nhooking it through the lips. This is tied to the line", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "HOW PIKE AND PICKEREL ARE CAUGHT 149\\nor leader, with swivels and sinkers added, as in using\\nspoons. A twisted leader not only causes a spoon or\\nA gang of hooks.\\ngang to draw better through the water, but is much\\nless liable to be cut through bj the sharp teeth of\\nthe fish.\\nPike and pickerel are caught by the same meth-\\nods as described in taking muskallunge, with the\\naddition of some others to be mentioned. Pickerel\\nare more particularly a river fish, while pike usually\\nmake their home in the lakes. This is a general rule\\nonly, as both are often caught in circumstances just\\nthe reverse. In all rivers where flags and w^eeds line\\nthe shores heavily, pickerel, and often pike, will be\\nfound among them during most of the year, but espe-\\nciall}^ in the months of May, June, and July. In\\nlakes they can be taken by trolling, until the weeds\\ngrow too high and prevent it. Pike and pickerel\\nare rarely found in open waters with clean bottoms.\\nLike the muskallunge, they hide in the weeds, ready\\nto dart forth at their prey. All angling for these\\nfish must therefore be done in the vicinity of these\\nsubaqueous growths. ISTo. 4 or No. 5 spoons will", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "150 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nprove to be of good size, unless very large fish are\\nliable to be taken.\\nIn the spring and early summer large pike are\\ncaught by drifting with minnows,- in the same man-\\nner as described for large-mouth bass in the preced-\\ning chapter. This can be done both with and with-\\nout a cork float. The former method does not\\nrequire as much skill, since the float indicates not\\nonly the bite of the fish, but its every subsequent\\nmovement. Without the float this must be learned\\nby the sense of feeling. In the former case, when\\npike or pickerel take the bait, the float is immedi-\\nately pulled under water, reappears again in a few\\nmoments, and then is kept bobbing up and down,\\nuntil finally it disappears, being gradually moved\\naway. Then is the proper time to strike the fish.\\nThis delay is owing to the fact that the minnow,\\nbeing always hooked through the lips, is first taken\\nlightly by the fish and slowly turned about to be\\nswallowed head first. The bobbing of the float indi-\\ncates the turning of the bait, the final moving away\\nand its disappearance showing that the minnow has\\nbeen finally gorged and the hook taken well down\\ninto the mouth of the fish. It will be found more\\nsatisfactory to use a stiff trolling rod for this fishing,\\nas the line can be kept well away from the boat, the\\nstrike made more effectually, and the fish more easily", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "HOW PIKE xVND PICKEREL ARE CAUGHT 151\\nbrought to net. A No. 2/0 or No. I/O wire or gimp\\nsnelled hook is the safest and best to use.\\nIt is a fact that trolling of any kind can be better\\nperformed with a rod, no matter what variety of fish\\nis being caught. It gives a spring that a line held in\\nthe hand does not, and a reel is of the greatest benefit\\nin addition.\\nIn good waters, still fishing for pike and pickerel\\nis often practiced, miimows being used, and allowed\\nto swim about by using a light sinker. This fishing\\nrequires a great amount of patience therefore it is\\nmuch preferable to troll, to seek the fish if they will\\nnot seek you.\\nThe majority of spoons, as made, have a tuft\\nof featliers fastened a])Out the hooks, and the best\\nadvice to give is to remove them at once. A small\\nspoon or spinner with these feathers or a fiy attached\\nis particularly good for bass, but not for pike or pick-\\nerel. If any addition to the spoon is needed, which\\nis very rarely, use a minnow, alive or dead, or possi-\\nbly a trailing piece of pork or fish. Several worms\\nlooped on the hooks make the spoon much more\\nattractive for pike perch, and occasionally for pike\\nand pickerel as well.\\nWhen winter comes, and most of the fishing\\nwaters are frozen over, the majority of fishermen\\nput away their tackle, regretting that their sport is", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "152 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nended for several months. This is an error, as they\\noverlook the health-giving sport of fishing through\\nthe ice. In almost all States having a close season\\non pike, pickerel, and pike perch, fishing for them\\nthrough the ice is allowed generally until March 1st\\nthat is, in waters not containing trout of any kind.\\nIn waters containing them, such fishing is usually\\nabsolutely forbidden by law. This fishing is done\\nin two ways, one of which is to have a small shanty\\non runners that is drawn over the ice to a good fish-\\ning point, and banked up tightly with snow to ex-\\nclude the light. The windows are covered with\\nboard shutters for the same purpose, so that when a\\ntrap in the floor is opened and a hole cut through the\\nice, the fisherman, being in the dark, can see to a\\ngreat depth, ample light coming through the ice on\\nall sides. A small stove makes the interior comfort-\\nable. With a hand line, good bait, and a suificiency\\nof patience, success comes in the end if not, the\\nshanty can be quickly moved to another location.\\nThis is certainly a most comfortable and lazy method\\nof fishing.\\nThe better plan\u00e2\u0080\u0094 one that affords sport, exercise,\\nand an opportunity to feel the benefits of the bracing\\nwinter air\u00e2\u0080\u0094 is to fish with tip-ups. The varieties of\\nthese used in different localities are innumerable, but\\nall are built on the same principles, for use either", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "HOW PIKE AND PICKEREL ARE CAUGHT\\n153\\nabove or below water. A description and illustra-\\ntion of the simpler method of constructing each, and\\nusing both, will be sufficient to make the subject\\nclear. The above-water tijD-up is comj)osed primarily\\nof a board 18 inches long, 2^ inches wide, and J inch\\nthick, with a slot inch wide, cut 5 inches down the\\ncenter at one end. A piece of wire about y3_ ii^^j^\\nthick and 20 inches long is bent around a piece of\\niron to make a small loop 8 inches from one end.\\nThis loop is placed in the slot and a nail driven\\nAbove-water tip-up.\\nthrough the edge of the board, making a pivot for\\nthe wire to work upon. A 2-ounce lead sinker is\\narranged to slide freely on the short arm, and a hook", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "154 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nformed on the extreme end, which is elevated to a\\nconsiderable angle above the ice. At the end of the\\nlong arm a piece of cloth is fastened. A line 20 or\\n25 feet long is tied around the upright board, and all\\nbut 8 or 10 feet of it coiled upon the ice. At this\\npoint a loop is tied in the line and hung over the\\nhook on the short end of the wire. A No. 2 or No.\\n3 snell hook is used and baited with a minnow with-\\nout a sinker. A shallow hole haviiig been chopped in\\nthe ice, the upright is placed in it and water j^oured\\nabout it, which soon freezes and holds it in place. A\\nhole 8 or 10 inches in diameter is cut to drop the\\nline through. A fish biting pulls the arm down and\\nreleases the loop from the wire hook. The addi-\\ntional line coiled npon the ice allows ample slack for\\nthe bait to be turned and gorged, so that when all is\\nout the fish is brought up sharply and hooked. At\\nthe same moment the wire is pulled down releasing\\nthe line, the lead weight slides down to the hook at\\nthe end, holding it down, and the long end with the\\ncloth attached is elevated in the air to signal a bite.\\nThe use of these tip-ups necessitates constant atten-\\ntion to keep the water from freezing in the holes and\\nholding the lines fast, and for this reason they can\\nnot be left overnight and worked successfully.\\nThe under-water arrangement is less elaborate,\\nand is always in working order, night and day, no", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "HOW PIKE AND PICKER KL ARE CAUGHT 155\\nmatter how hard it freezes. It is very simply con-\\nstructed. A number of spools should be turned\\nof the following dimensions diameter of ends, 3\\ninches; inside width, 2| inches; diameter of spin-\\ndle, 1 inch thickness of ends, i inch. These should\\nbe turned from hard wood, thoroughly oiled, and in\\nUnderwater tip-up.\\nthe edge on one side three or four holes l)ored close\\ntogether and filled with lead. The lead prevents the\\nspool from revolving freely, unless pulled hard by a\\nfish. A hole is bored lengthwise entirely through\\nthe spindle, and a y^g^-inch wire put through and bent", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "156 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nlip li inch. The other end is bent up 15 to 20\\ninches, according to the thickness of the ice, and bent\\nover to form a hook 5 or 6 inches long. In use, 20\\nor 25 feet of line are wound around the spool, and 6\\nor 8 feet left hanging, to which are attached the same\\nhook and bait as with the other tip-up. A stick is\\nplaced across the hole, and the loop of wire hung I\\nover it, allowing the spool to hang below the ice in i\\nthe water. A fish biting unrolls the hne from the i\\nspool until the end is reached, when it is hooked. If\\nthe hole freezes over, the ice can be broken at anj\\ntime, and if the line is unrolled, a fish has taken the\\nbait, otherwise not.\\nIn fishing through the ice, pike perch are taken\\nas readily as are pike and pickerel, but they seem to i\\ntake the bait best at night. In summer the favorite\\nmethod of taking them is to troll with a Ko. 4 or -M\\nNo. 5 spoon without feathers, and two or three good\\nworms looped on the hook. Trolling for these fish\\nis usually done with 25 or 30 feet of line, about 15\\nfeet of No. 18 copper wire being fastened to it, the\\nspoon being attached with a swivel. The wire is i\\nless noticeable than the line, causes the spoon to sink I\\ndeep without a sinker, and reduces the liability of j\\ncatching in the weeds. The depth desired is easily\\nmaintained by letting out or drawing in the line. j\\nTrolling with a gang, or single hook, with min-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "HOW PIKE PERCH ARE CAUGHT 157\\nnows is also a favorite method of fishing for pike\\nperch. As they are usually found in water ranging\\nfrom 12 to 40 or 50 feet, deep trolling must occa-\\nsionally be done. On a hard, clean bottom, still fish-\\ning with minnows or angleworms is often successful.\\nIn the early summer these fish are taken on river rifts\\nin 5 or 6 feet of water by allowing the bait to drift\\ndown with the current from above, a sinker being\\nused, with minnows for bait. Pike perch rarely rise\\nto a fly. They are a particularly gamy, hard-fighting\\nfish, and alford excellent sport. In taking them from\\nthe hook great care should be exercised, as their teeth\\nare very sharp and liable to lacerate the fingers badly.\\nThe dorsal fin is composed of very sharp bristling\\nspines that must be avoided as well.\\nHook disgorger.\\nMuskallunge, pike, and pickerel also have particu-\\nlarly sharp teeth, and usually are hooked well back\\nin the mouth a hook disgorger is therefore a good\\nthing to carry in the tackle box.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEK XY\\nANGLING FOR OTHER FRESH-WATER FISH\\nThe various fisli described\\nin Chapter YII, under the title\\nr5?^-^4^ Miscellaneous, receive, with one\\nr^^^^^^^^^^ or two exceptions, but little at-\\ntention from anglers. With the\\nThree Perch at a cast. ^anj game fish to be taken,\\nwhose ranges, natural and from\\nplanting by Fish Commissions, are now covering the\\ngreater part of the country, these other fish are, in\\nfact, to a certain extent, looked upon with contempt.\\nThis is a mistake, and a great one, as thej afford,\\nunder favorable conditions, most excellent sport.\\nPerches, carp, bullheads, and catfish can always be\\nfound and angled for, but sheepshead and ling are\\ntaken only by chance, except when the last named is\\nfished for through the ice.\\nYellow-perch fishing is particularly amusing, and\\nusually very successful. Owing to the great stretch of\\ncountry over which they are now found, almost every\\n158", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "ANGLING FOR OTHER FRESH-WATER FISH I59\\none can have an opportunity of taking them. They\\nare one of the best-known fish in the United States,\\nand very few there are who liave not cauglit them,\\nespecially when out for other fish. In fly casting\\nfor bass, or fishing with bait, or trolling for bass,\\npike, pickerel, and pike perch, these fish are very\\noften caught. They are especially partial to min-\\nnows, and frequently keep one busy catching them\\nwhen bass especially are being sought. At such\\ntimes they are a nuisance, as is the rock bass, and\\nperhaps upon this account they are held in disrepute\\nby many anglers.\\nPerch grounds are easily found, always being on\\nstony bottoms in the vicinity of the weeds along the\\nshores and in the shallows of lakes. Small minnows\\nmake the best bait, with angle worms next, although\\nthey are frequently taken with small crabs and pieces\\nof fish. From about August until the ice comes they\\nrise readily to the fly, taking it best in September,\\nOctober, and November. The flies can be either\\ncast or trolled, tlie latter being the more satisfactory\\nand less tiresome way. As these fish usually run in\\nschools, large numl)ers will be seen following; the cast,\\nand with three flies on the leader, three fish are often\\ntaken simultaneously. If variety is desired, a small\\nspinner can be substituted with equal success. Occa-\\nsionally in trolling the fly in this way, small pickerel", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "160 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nwill be caught, which is in reality strange, as they\\nare not at all a fish that rises to the fly.\\nFishing through the ice for perch is particularly\\ngood sport, as they bite fast and keep one busy.\\nTip-ups are generally used, but if it is not too cold,\\na hand line will take large numbers. For this fish-\\ning small minnows make the best bait. Provision\\nfor winter ice fishing must be made in the fall by\\nsecuring a sufiicient quantity of minnows before the\\nbrooks freeze up. They can be kept in a deep box\\nor car through which the water flows freely, and so\\nplaced that when the ice comes the top will be above,\\nand a good part of the box below it. They will not\\nneed feeding, although there is no harm in doing so\\noccasionally. 1i:f )^2!!^\\nWhite perch are found only in rivers flowing into\\nthe sea on the Atlantic coast, and therefore must be\\nclassed as semi-fresh-water fish. While it is not\\nknown how long they remain in fresh water away\\nfrom the sea, they are usually taken from April to\\nSeptember, although the season varies in different\\nrivers. They are generally found in schools, and\\nearly in the season on or about muddy bottoms, but\\nlater are taken near rocky shores. Angle worms and\\npieces of fish are the favorite baits, and large strings\\nare often caught in a few hours. That well-known\\nsalt-water fish, the striped bass, might be classed with", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "ANGLING FOR OTHER FRESH- WATER FISH IGl\\nthis perch as a semi-fresh-water fish as welh Thej\\nare found all along the Atlantic coast line, and have\\nbeen successfully planted on the California coast.\\nThey ascend the rivers for a little distance to spawn,\\nand are taken with bait and strong tackle in brackish\\nw^ater, or just above.\\nCarp will never prove a favorite fish with anglers\\nunless they are caught with the idea of exterminating\\nthem. As has been explained, they destroy the eggs\\nof the game fish, and the majority look upon them as\\nnot a bit better than a sucker for food. The occa-\\nsional angler, or those fishing for food, desiring to\\nsecure any fish possible, are about the only ones who\\ncare to catch them It is possible that in good waters,\\nisolated, and with proper food, the carp could be\\nmade a good table fish as found to-day, they cer-\\ntainly are not. They are taken only by hook and\\nline, pieces of dead fish or meat, or even a thick cut-\\nting of potato being the best bait. Nothing alive,\\nincluding worms, will attract them. J.^^.^^*.a^\\nBullheads are found in all rivers, ponds, and lakes,\\nand in nearly all of the States. They are occasion-\\nally taken when bait or still fishing for other fish,\\nbut the proper and successful methods consist of two\\nonly. One is still fishing, in localities where they\\nare known to be, in which the fisherman caii use\\nseveral lines, using pieces of fish or meat for bait.\\n13", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "102 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nWhile bullheads are caught dunng the day, the best\\nsuccess is secured during the late afternoon and even-\\nino:, even after dark. The other method consists of\\nusing a set line with a large number of hooks baited,\\nas for still fishing. The line is put out at night, deep\\nenough to place the hooks on the bottom. In East-\\nern waters good-sized catfish, often ranging from 10\\nto 20 pounds, are taken in this way. In the Missis-\\nsippi River and its tributaries, and in the bayous of\\nthe South, large catfish, ranging in weight from 10\\nup to 150 pounds, are taken in great numbers by\\nboth angling and set lines. Bullheads are esteemed\\nby many a particularly good table fish.\\nThe sheepshead or drum, while taken frequently\\nin nets, can not be angled for successfully in E^orthern\\nwaters, as they have no especial bottom where they\\ncan be found. They are quite frequently caught\\nwhen still fishing for bass or pike perch, taking either\\na minnow or crab. Caught in this manner, they usu-\\nally range from 3 or 4 to 20 pounds in weight, but\\nsheepshead weighing as much as 60 pounds are taken\\nin netting. Those secured in the warmer waters of\\nthe South are not considered as good a food fish as\\nthose taken in colder waters. The Southern fish are\\nquite plentiful, and are caught by still fishing with\\nalmost any variety of bait.\\nAs has been previously stated, the burbot, known", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "ANGLING FOR OTHER FRESH-WATER FISH 163\\nmore frequently as ling, lawyer, or cusk, is a\\ncold-water or IS orthern fish. Like carp and bull-\\nheads, it is esj)ecially a bottom fish. It can not be\\nsuccessfully fished for with bait exclusively, except in\\nsome specially confined waters, where it is known to\\nbe plentiful. Similar to the sheepshead, it is occa-\\nsionally taken with minnows, when fishing deep down\\nfor other fish. More frequently it is caught when\\nfishing for bullheads at night, and upon set lines\\nplaced after dark. In many lakes, where burbot are\\nplentiful, great sport may be had in catching them\\nthrough the ice. Minnows should be used for bait.\\nIn 20 or 30 feet of water, over soft bottoms, they\\nwill be readily taken, if the bait is close to the mud.\\nThey are savage, hard fighters when hooked, and\\nconsiderable effort is required to bring them up to\\nand through the hole in the ice. They should be\\nkilled at once with a blow on the head, as the hook\\ncan be more easily removed, and they are prevented\\nfrom squirming about, which they can do for a long\\ntime.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XVI\\nCAMPING HOW, WHEN, AND WHERE\\nA camp breakfast.\\nCamping out during the\\nsummer or early fall months\\nis now looked upon as being\\nthe most enjoyable manner of\\nliving for the fisherman. As\\nit is a subject so closely related\\nto that of fish, especial atten-\\ntion and space should be given\\nto a thorough description of all pertaining to it.\\nOne can seek a vicinity where good fishing is known\\nto exist, pitch a camp, fish much and rest little, at\\nthe same time gaining the healthful benefit that\\nroughing it and living in the open air insure.\\nTwo things should be known in advance namely,\\nwhere to go and how to camp out. Of course the\\nbest season to catch fish, and the time one can get\\naway to enjoy it, are also to be taken into consid-\\neration.\\nCamping is seemingly a simple thing, but without\\n164", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "CAMPING\u00e2\u0080\u0094 HOW, WHEN, AND WHERE 1G5\\nprevious experience, or advice from those who have it,\\nsuccess can not be attained. The selection of the\\nplace to go to is most important, and it will be impos-\\nsible, of course, to give advice on that point except in\\na general way. The wooded shores of a lake or banks\\nof a river should be chosen, as large timber affords\\nprotection from the sun, as well as from rain and\\nwind storms. Care should always be taken, however,\\nin selecting a site, to avoid the vicinity of dead stand-\\ning trees, as they frequently fall during high winds.\\nAnother point to bear in mind is the vicinity of a\\nspring, if possible, good water being a necessity, and\\nspring water is more healthful than that from lakes\\nor rivers. It is an easy matter to learn where to go,\\nespecially in the neighborhood of one s home, as the\\nnearby fishing waters are well known. To secure the\\nbest sport and thoroughly enjoy camp life, however,\\none should get away from civilization go into the\\nwilderness.\\nConsiderable time is required for such a trip, and\\nmuch expense attends it, a more elaborate outfit and\\nguides being required. The mountains of Virginia,\\nthe wooded wildernesses found in Pennsylvania,\\nMaine, New York, and many of the middle Western\\nStates, as well as the immense unsettled Eocky\\nMountain territory, afford unlimited country to select\\nfrom. Untortunately, the advance of the lumberman", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "IGG FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nis depleting the forests, and settlements rapidly follow\\nin his steps. This necessitates the making of long\\nand difficult journeys to reach the wilderness. The\\nmost satisfactory territory to seek at a minimum of\\nexpense, a country affording unlimited and most grati-\\nfying sport, is that found in the Dominion of Canada.\\nAt a distance of from 30 to 200 miles north of the\\nSt. Lawrence River the wilderness commences and\\nextends to Hudson and St. James bays and beyond.\\nSeveral railroads have been recently built, extending\\nnorth from various points, making access to any por-\\ntion comparatively easy. From Quebec, the Quebec\\nand Lake St. John Railroad extends 200 miles. From\\nThree Rivers the Canadian Pacific operates a road\\nsome 30 miles up the St. Maurice River, connecting\\nwith a small steamer, which ascends about the same\\ndistance farther. Another branch of this road runs\\nto St. Gabriel, opening up a fine section. From\\nOttawa, a road is now being extended, following up\\nthe Gatineau Yalley, which opens up an almost un-\\nknown country. On the Grand Ti-unk and Canadian\\nPacific one can stop at almost any station west of\\nOttawa, and drive back only a few miles to find prac-\\ntically primeval forests. Georgian Bay and the N^e-\\npigon are now the favorite resorts for fishermen in\\nthat region.\\nNext to the question of where to camp, that of", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "168 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nhow to do it successfully and comfortably is of the\\ngreatest importance. What kind of a camp to erect\\nis first to be considered. During the warm summer\\nmonths, the natural inclination is to erect an open\\ncamp of poles and bark. So far as the heat is con-\\ncerned, this is certainly a most comfortable arrange-\\nment, but nothing can be more uncomfortable when\\nsuch a camp is pitched in a section where mosquitoes,\\nblack flies, and punkies make their presence known.\\nPossibly these pests may be warded off in an open\\ncamp by the use of mosquito netting, but it is doubt-\\nful. Experience recommends the use of a tent.\\nTrue, it adds somewhat to the amount of baggage to\\nbe carried, but absolute comfort must first be con-\\nsidered. In the fall, when the winged pests have\\ngone, an open camp can be used, but a tent will then\\nbe found warmer, as the autumn nights are very cold\\nin the woods. Another advantage of using a tent is\\nthe facility with which it can be taken down and\\nerected, as it may be necessary to move the camp.\\nHow to build an open -front camp will be easily\\nlearned from the illustration. The better plan is to\\nerect two or three courses of logs, laying light spruce\\npoles closely together across the course next to the\\ntop, so that the poles will be held in place by the last\\ncourse. This makes a spring bed, and, when covered\\nwith boughs, a very comfortable one. Poles for up-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "CAMPING\u00e2\u0080\u0094 now, WHEN, AND WHERE 169\\nrights and cross-pieces complete the frame, and bark\\nforms the roof and sides. A similar camj) can be\\nbuilt without the log foundation, and a good depth\\nof boughs placed on the ground to sleep upon. A\\nmost comfortable camp bed is made from two\\nbreadths of heavy canvas, two and a half yards long.\\nA camp bed.\\nwith the edges sewn strongly together, the ends be-\\ning left open. This bag is filled with spruce or\\nbalsam boughs, two spruce poles, about two and a\\nhalf inches thick, being run through the bag. They\\nshould project far enough at each end to rest in\\nheavy forked sticks driven well into the ground. A\\nstrong piece of wood should be fastened tightly be-\\ntween the ends of the poles to prevent their draw-\\ning together.\\nOnly a thoroughly waterproof tent of the wall\\npattern should be used in camping, the size being", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "170 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIH HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ndecided by the number who are to occupy it. A\\nwall tent is much more comfortable and roomy than\\nthe A pattern. These tents are usually erected on\\ntwo uprights supporting the cross pole, but as these\\nuprights stand just in the middle of the entrance\\nthey are always a nuisance. The i)roper and better\\nplan is to cut four poles, about eight or ten feet long,\\nand to tie each pair together within a foot of the top,\\nmaking shear legs. In the short crotches thus made,\\nthe ends of the cross pole are placed, after it has\\nbeen put through the top of the tent. The stretcher\\nstakes are then driven in and the stretcher ropes of\\nthe tent fastened to them, whereupon the top is\\nelevated and the tent stretched taut by drawing the\\nlower ends of the supporting poles together. Erected\\nin this way, it is not liable to be blown over. When\\nheat is required, the front flaps are thrown back, and\\nthe camp fire warms the interior. By closing the\\nfront tightly a good night s sleep is assured, as nei-\\nther mosquitoes nor flies can enter. During cold\\nnights a tent will naturally be found much warmer\\nthan an open camp.\\nAnother question of importance in regard to\\ncamping is how to bnild a fire that is, how to build\\none and secure the full benefit of it by throwing the\\nheat into the camp or tent. Two 5-foot stakes,\\nabout 6 inches thick, are driven firmly into the", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "172 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nground 4 feet apart, at a sliglit angle away from\\nand at a proper distance in front of the camp. Four\\nor five logs, about 12 inches in diameter and 5 feet\\nlong, are squared a little on two sides, and placed\\none upon the other against the stakes. The bottom\\nlog should be slightly imbedded in the earth to pre-\\nvent the flames from burning under; the squared\\nedges placed together prevent a draught through the\\ncrevices. In front of this slanting wall of logs a\\ngood fire is built, the wall reflecting the greater\\namount of heat into the camp. J^aturally, these\\nlogs slowly burn through, and during the night, as j\\nthe fire dies away, they will fall into the embers\\nand furnish fresh fuel. An ordinary fire heats a i\\ncamp but little, most of the heat being wasted.\\nAn open shanty, or tent, consisting of a roof I\\nupon poles, but without sides, will be found very\\nconvenient for cooking and eating, giving protec-\\ntion from the weather. One end can be closed, and\\nshelves placed against it to hold j)rovisions. A table j\\nand bench are easily made with forked sticks driven j\\ninto the ground and covered with flattened poles and\\nbark. Pegs can be driven under the roof to lay fish\\nrods on to dry out when not in use.\\nThere is nothing that causes more trouble to\\nintending campers than the preparation of a list of\\nnecessaries, and almost invariably something is for-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "CAMPING\u00e2\u0080\u0094 HOW, WHEN, AND WHERE 173\\ngotten. The greatest mistake to guard against, how-\\never, is taking too much. It only adds to the amount\\nof baggage, delays progress, and in the end proves to\\nbe of no material benefit. A carefully prepared list\\nof necessaries based upon experience may prove of\\nvalue, and is given below\\nCoffee pot (enameled).\\nFour tin pails, small to large.\\nPlates (enameled).\\nBowls, not cups (enameled).\\nSpoons for table and cooking.\\nKnives and forks.\\nLarge butcher knife.\\nSalt and pepper shakers (tin).\\nCans for sugar, salt, coffee, and\\ntea.\\nMixing pan for pancakes.\\nBroiler (wire).\\nAxe.\\nNails.\\nRope.\\nJamaica ginger.\\nQuinine.\\nToilet paper.\\nTowels.\\nBlankets.\\nBooks.\\n(If desired, and convenient to\\ncarry, potatoes and canned\\ngoods can be added.)\\nIt is difl^cult to give quantities, as fishermen alone\\ndo not require as much as when guides are to be\\nPork.\\nBacon.\\nFlour.\\nBread.\\nCrackers.\\nButter.\\nCoffee (ground).\\nTea.\\nBaking powder.\\nCondensed milk.\\nSugar (lump).\\nSalt.\\nPepper.\\nMaple sugar for pancakes.\\nPrepared pancake flour.\\nBeans.\\nOatmeal.\\nRice.\\nCanned corned beef.\\nPrunes for stewing.\\nMatches.\\nSoap.\\nCandles (adamantine).\\nCornmeal for frying fish.\\nThree frying pans (Acme).", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "174 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nfed. It is well to provide a pound of either pork or\\nbacon per day for each man. For a two weeks trip\\nfor a party of four the following quantities will suf-\\nfice twenty -five pounds of flour, a few loaves of\\nbread only, as it dries cpickly, 6 pounds of crackers,\\n12 pounds of butter, 4 pounds of coffee, 2 pounds of\\ntea, 1 large can of baking powder, cans of con-\\ndensed milk, 5 pounds of sugar, 1 small sack of salt,\\nJ pound of pepper, 2 pounds of maple sugar, 6 pack-\\nages of pancake flour, 4 quarts of beans, 3 pounds of\\noatmeal, 2 pounds of rice, 6 cans of corned beef or\\ntongue, 2 pounds of prunes, and candles (3 pounds of\\ntwelves). The quantities of the other articles men-\\ntioned can be decided without difficulty. The fig-\\nures given above are absolutely reliable. The whole\\nlist covers real necessaries, and can be added to if\\ndesired.\\nThe fish taken add materially to the various\\nmeals. And, by the way, when tired of fried and\\nbroiled fish, try boiling them in a pail with a gener-\\nous piece of pork nothing can be better.\\nA few nails and a piece of rope are often found\\nvery convenient in camp. Do not forget ginger and\\nquinine, as they alleviate the minor ills often attend-\\nant upon camping out. Always be sure that all pails\\nfor cooking are made with seamed joints not sol-\\ndered as otherwise they come apart in the fire.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "CAMPING\u00e2\u0080\u0094 HOW, WHEN, AND WHERE 175\\nButter can be kept perfectly fresh iii a cold spring\\naway from the air.\\nCamping kits are made by several manufacturers,\\ncontaining in a small compass everything necessary.\\nThey comprise all utensils needed for cooking and\\nthe table, and boxes for sugar, salt, etc. All are\\ncompactly packed in a large pail. Such a kit weighs\\nmuch less than the various articles when gathered\\ntogether otherwise, and is much more convenient,\\noccupying a smaller space.\\nOne of the greatest conveniences in camping, and,\\nin fact, for fishing trips of ail kinds, is a rubber pon-\\ncho. It is easily made from three yards of light\\nweight imitation rubber-coated cloth, such as is used\\nfor buggy tops. It comes fifty inches wide. A slit,\\njust large enough to allow the head to pass through,\\nis cut lengthwise in the center of the cloth, accord-\\ning to width, but a little ahead of the lengthwise\\ncenter. It is in reality a blanket with a slit in it to\\nput the head through. In case of rain, if out in a\\nboat, it protects one perfectly, and fishing can be con-\\ntinued without getting wet. Walking through the\\nwoods it offers perfect immunity from rain or wet\\nbrush. At night it makes a good blanket to sleep on,\\nas it protects one from dampness, while in extremely\\ncold weather it makes a cold-proof covering. Being\\nentirely open at the sides, it is cool and does not", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "176 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\ncause the wearer to perspire as does a rubber coat.\\nMoreover, in case of rain it covers one entirely,\\nwhile a rubber coat only protects to the knees. It\\npacks up in a small compass and weighs but three\\nor four pounds.\\nAnother necessary article, and a great convenience\\nas well, is a No. 2 square rubber air pillow. When\\nfilled it relieves the hardness of the seat of a boat\\nwhen occupied for some time, is a life preserver in case\\nof accident, and makes an excellent pillow at night.\\nIn locating a camp or tent, care should be taken\\nto erect it on a slight knoll, if possible, and, in\\naddition, a small trench should be dug around it.\\nWithout these precautions, in case of a heavy contin-\\nued rain, water and dampness will most certainly\\ncause trouble.\\nIn cooking for camp, a separate fire from that\\nused for heating is to be employed. It should be\\nsmall, and started a full hour before meal time, to\\ninsure a quantity of embers, as they cook much better\\nthan a smoky flame. A forked stick is driven into\\nthe ground on each side of the fire, across which a\\npole is laid to hold the cooking pails. A simpler\\nmethod is to drive light poles, some six feet long, into\\nthe earth, at such an angle, that, when a pail is hung\\non the end it will be at just the right height over\\nthe fire.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "CAMPING\u00e2\u0080\u0094 HOW, WHEN, AND WHERE 177\\nFresh bread and biscuits, if one can make them,\\nare a luxury in camp, and it is not at all necessary\\nto carry an oven to do the baking. The dough is\\nplaced in a large metal plate, and another one laid\\nHow to cook over a camp fire.\\nreversed over it. A hole is then raked in the edge\\nof the embers of the fire, and the plates placed there.\\nOccasional watching is necessary to prevent burning,\\nthe ultimate result being perfect baking. Fish can\\nbe baked in the same manner.\\nOne of the greatest errors that can be made by\\nthose intending to camp out, especially when every-\\nthing taken must be carried any considerable distance,\\nis to include in the baggage more clothing than is\\nnecessary. It is well, therefore, to give a list of\\nwhat is actually needed, which should not be\\nexceeded. Corduroy makes the most durable suit\\nfor fishing, as a dark color does not show dirt, and\\n13", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "178 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nthe cloth is difficult to tear. Have knickerbockers\\nrather than bloomers made, as branches and twigs\\nmay catch the voluminous baggy knees, thereby tear-\\ning them. One pair is sufficient, together with coat\\nand vest. Two suits of underclothing, two pairs of\\nstockings, and a sweater complete the 23rincipal outfit.\\n^N^ecessaries in the way of handkerchiefs, towels, comb\\nand brush, razor, small looking-glass, shaving brush,\\ntooth brush and powder, are added. One suit of\\nunderclothes and one 23air of stockings can be easily\\nwashed out when the others are in use. By all means\\nwear a tam o shanter, as it alfords excellent protec-\\ntion from rain, sun, or cold, and makes a good night\\ncap in cold weather. Also of value is a pair of low\\ncanvas, rubber-bottom tennis shoes, to wear about\\ncamp when boots or shoes are removed. The above\\nlist is all that is necessary, and reduces the amount of\\npersonal baggage to a minimum.\\nOnly a few hints on camping can be given in a\\nhmited space, the subject being worthy of a volume\\nby itself. But perhaps a sufficient general idea has\\nbeen given to enable one to make a first attempt in a\\ncomfortable way. For the rest, experience is the\\nbest teacher, and one soon learns to know all the\\nminor things that go far to make a sojourn in camp\\ndelightful.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XVII\\nSPECIAL HINTS FOR ANGLERS\\nA fisherman photographer.\\nThere are a number of\\ngeneral hints not embodied\\nin tlie preceding chapters that\\nshould be noted by those in-\\ntending to become anglers. As\\nthey pertain to varied subjects,\\nthey can properly be treated\\nin a chapter by themselves.\\nAs reference has been made to those summer\\npests, mosquitoes, black flies, and other winged\\ninsects, it is well to give a recipe for keeping them\\nat a proper distance. Everyone naturally recommends\\npennyroyal, citronella, and tar oil. All are good in\\ntheir way, but not sufficiently so. The two former\\noffer perfect immunity while they last, but, as they\\nare essential oils, they evaporate quickly, and must\\nbe used every fifteen or twenty minutes. Tar oil,\\ncomposed of tar and sweet oil, is also good, but, as it\\ndoes not harden when applied to the skin, it is rubbed\\n179", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "ISO FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\noff readily, thus leaving many spots open to attack.\\nAbsolutely the best protection is afforded by tar and\\nvaseline. The proper proportions are two thirds\\npure tar and one third vaseline, which should be\\nthoroughly mixed. This must be kept in large-\\nmouthed bottles for convenient use. A single thor-\\nough application a day, unless one perspires freely, is\\nsufficient, and it washes off easily with cold water and\\nsoap, leaving no stain. A few moments after appli-\\ncation it becomes tacky, and in ten minutes hardens\\nso that nothing can rub it off. It will keep all\\nwinged pests at a distance.\\nIn regard to artificial baits, such as imitation min-\\nnows, frogs, crabs, dobsons, etc., they are not to be\\nrecommended. While at times they may attract an\\noccasional fish, they will not bring sufficient return\\nto pay for the expense of purchasing them. If nat-\\nural bait does not succeed, imitations will certainly\\nfail. They are very good in theory, but very poor\\nin practical results.\\nA great fault with fishermen, even those of much\\nexperience, is the lack of care given to tackle, no\\nmatter how expensive it may be. Eods, especially,\\nshould receive close attention. When fishing is\\nfinished for the season, they should be taken from\\ntheir cases, and, if sprung out of shape, jointed and\\nhung up by the end of the tip for the winter. Their", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "SPECIAL HINTS FOR ANGLERS 181\\nown weiglit will straighten them out. In addition,\\nthey will dry out thoroughly, so that they can receive\\na good coat of varnish in the spring, which should\\nalways be given them. Spar varnish will be found\\nto be the most elastic and lasting. Lines should be\\nwound from reels on blocks, and the reels properly\\noiled. Fly books should be placed out of reach of\\nmoths, and a little camphor packed with them. The\\nleader box must be dried out, and anything liable to\\nrust coated with oil. A little care will avoid loss\\nand the unnecessary expense of replacing tackle\\nspoiled through lack of it.\\nEspecial care should be taken in using split bam-\\nboo rods. The most necessary rule to observe is to\\nchange tips constantly, in order that they may not\\nbecome water-soaked from too long service, as this\\ncauses them to untwist and break. A change should\\nbe made at least twice a day. Never leave rods out\\nin the rain always keep them under cover and dry.\\nA rule to be closely observed, but generally\\nneglected, is always to examine all tackle, particularly\\nlines, leaders, flies, and snell hooks, before using in\\nthe spring. With the best of care, age will weaken\\nthem so that they will break easily, especially in the\\ncase of gut. It is far from pleasant to lose a fisli\\nthrough faulty tackle, which an examination would\\nhave discovered and thrown aside. In fact, leaders,", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "182 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nflies, and liooks should always be tested by a good\\nstrain and sharp jerks before use.\\nIn the present age, photography has been added\\nto the necessary acquirements of the fisherman. Not\\nonly can l)eautif ul bits of scenery be preserved, but\\nalso the scenes of happy outings, circumstances con-\\nnected with them, and especially noted catches of\\nfish. Photographs of fish caught will j^rove to be of\\nthe greatest value, since by showing them one is\\nalways able to prove any fish stories told. All stories\\nof catches, no matter how truthful, are doubted now-\\na-days hence the necessity of authentication. It is\\nwell to know that in photographing fish something\\nshould always be placed in the picture to give an idea\\nof their size. A rule, hat, net, rod, or something of\\nthat sort, proves the size of the fish caught beyond\\nquestion. Be sure to have this article at the same\\ndistance from the camera as the fish. To secure the\\nbest results in taking pictures, glass plates should be\\nused instead of films, notwithstanding their inconven-\\nience. The old-fashioned cap-off-and-on exposure will\\nbe found better than the shutter, except where motion\\nis to be taken. Photography in the woods is most\\ndifficult, and time exposures not given by a shutter\\nsecure better results. Considerable practice in forest\\nphotography is necessary to insure satisfactory results,\\nas the shadows from tlie trees are very dense.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "184 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nIn stream fisliing for trout hooks and lines are\\nfrequently caught in the overhanging trees. A so-\\ncalled releaser is shown in the accompanying cut,\\nand should be included in the tackle\\nbox. The tip of the rod is inserted\\nunder the rubber band placed about\\nthe base, and with it the releaser can\\nbe elevated to the branch where the\\nhook is caught. Being placed above,\\nthe rod is pulled out, and a sharp tug\\non the string attached cuts the branch\\nand releases the hook. This saves\\nhooks, time, and especially temper,\\nand at the same time prevents scaring\\nthe fish.\\nThree kinds of fish are, or should\\nbe, skinned in dressing them for\\ncooking. The bullhead is always so\\nA releaser.\\ntreated, as it is a skin not a scale fish.\\nIts skin is not only tough, but serves to retain the\\nnatural unpalatable fat that it carries in great quan-\\ntity. It is now a well-known fact that black bass\\nhave a much finer fiavor if skinned before frying or\\nbroiling. There is a decidedly bitter taste to the skin\\nthat can thus be avoided. The yellow perch should\\nalways be skinned, not only to improve its flavor, but\\nbecause it is necessary. Being a small fish they are", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "SPECIAL HINTS FOR ANGLERS 185\\ndifficult to scale, making the work slow. There is a\\nknack in skinning perch that is easily learned. A\\nstrong knife and the pliers from the tackle box are\\nrequired. An incision, about half an inch deep, is\\nmade on each side of the backbone from head to tail,\\nand the skin cut all around just back of the head.\\nWith the pliers the skin is taken at the circular cut,\\nand a quick, sharp pull will tear it off entire from\\none side. The operation is then repeated on the\\nother. The cuts along the back loosen the dorsal\\nfin, which is pulled out, the entrails are removed,\\nand the head cut off. With a little practice a fish\\ncan be cleaned quicker than this can be related.\\nThe same method is followed in skinning bass and\\nbullheads.\\nSpecial care should be taken to know thoroughly\\nthe location of the various fishing places in a radius\\nof twenty-five miles or more from one s home, and\\nevery effort made to learn the best spots to fish in\\neach. Having learned from the preceding chapters\\nthe habits of fish and the particular places where they\\nshould be found, one can know just where to fish\\nand obtain success. Rivers and lakes should be sur-\\nveyed, and likely spots fished over carefully. Fish-\\ning at random is useless and time lost; practical\\njudgment is absolutely necessary to make a success-\\nful fisherman. The practice of the virtue of patience", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "186 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nmust not be overlooked, since if fish will not bite\\neven when tempted in all ways, one must await their\\npleasure. Often it is only after repeated trials that\\nthe value of a promising spot can be decided.\\nThe Canadian Government now obliges intending\\nnonresident fishermen to obtain a license or permit\\nbefore fishing in any waters of the Dominion. This\\ndoes not apply to the St. Lawrence Eiver, however.\\nThe license costs $5 for three months, and $10\\nfor six months, is nontransferable, and must be\\nrenewed annually. Members of any fishing club\\nlocated in that country are exempt. A local fishing\\nwarden will be found in each district to demand and\\nissue licenses.\\nThe illustration of a fish found on the opposite\\npage shows clearly the proper name applied to each\\nfin, as well as to the different parts of the body.\\nWhile it is not absolutely necessary to know the\\nvarious names applied to the fins, it is well to learn\\nthem, as constant references are made to them in\\nalmost all books on fishing.\\nThere is never any necessity for ignorance of\\nthe points of the compass when in the woods\\nthat is, during daylight as Nature provides several\\nmethods of determining them. Nearly all trees will\\nbe found to have a strip of moss along the trunk.\\nIt is a known fact that in three quarters or seven", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "188 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\neighths of the cases it is on the north side. By\\nnoting several trees, the majority having the moss\\non the same side will indicate that direction. By\\nclosely observing spruce trees, it will be found an\\ninvariable rule that the heaviest branches are on the\\nsouth side. The Canadian Indians also claim that on\\nevery perfect hemlock tree the topmost twig bends to\\nthe east. Another perfect compass can be devised\\nwith a watch. Point the hour hand directly at the\\nsun, and exactly halfway between that hand, wherever\\nit may be, and the figure XII on the dial, lies the\\nsouth.\\nA very useful table to determine the weight of\\nbrook trout, which is practically correct, is as fol-\\nlows\\n13 inches long, weight\\n14\\n15\\nIG\\n17\\n18\\n19\\n20\\n21\\n22\\n23\\nWhen trolling with a spoon, spinner, or gang, it\\nshould be drawn in and constantly examined, as\\npieces of loose grass or weeds are frequently caught\\nwithout the fact being known.\\n1\\npound\\n11 pounds\\nn\\na\\nIf\\n2i\\nu\\n2^\\nu\\n3\\nu\\n3|\\nii\\n4\\nu\\n4f\\nit\\nA small piece trail-", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "SPECIAL HINTS FOR ANGLERS\\n189\\ning from the hook renders the bait useless. In still\\nfishing the bait should often be examined, to see that\\nnothing is attached to it, and that it is uninjured.\\nHooks of all kinds should be looked over closely, as\\nthe points often are broken or bent. A file remedies\\nthis trouble. They should also be kept clean and\\nfree from rust through the medium of emery cloth, a\\npiece of which should be in the tackle box. A little\\nmetal polish and a piece of flannel also added to the\\nbox will be found useful in keeping\\nspoons and spinners bright.\\nThe shores of nearly all lakes\\nand rivers throughout the country\\nabound with frogs, whose hind legs,\\nproperly cooked, form a dish note-\\nworthy for its excellence. They can\\nbe secured with a hook, by spearing,\\nor may be killed with a heavy stick.\\nWhen they are found plentifully in\\nthe water, a hook fastened to a short\\nline, tied to a stiff pole, and baited\\nwith a piece of red flannel captures\\nthem readily. A frog spear secures\\nthem more quickly, but practice is required to handle\\nit. All grassy meadows adjoining rivers and lakes\\nwill be found to contain many frogs during the sum-\\nmer and f^ll. Here the stick comes into play. No\\nA frog spear.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "190 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND Ci^PTURE\\nmatter how caught, all should be killed at once with\\na blow on the head. The bone that fastens the hind\\nlegs to the body is severed with a strong-bladed knife.\\nGrasping the severed skin between the edge of the\\nblade and the thumb, a sharp pull removes it entire,\\nand the legs are ready to be cooked. Always throw\\nthe remains of the frogs into the water to prevent\\ntheir decaying about the camp.\\nThe average camp cook confines himself entirely\\nto either frying or broiling fish, which, after a few\\nmeals, causes the dish to be disliked. Variety in\\nthe methods of cooking will avoid this trouble. As\\nalready said, a most excellent way to prepare either\\nsmall fish, or large ones cut into good-sized pieces,\\nis to place them in a covered pail or kettle of hot\\nwater over the fire, and, adding a generous piece\\nof pork, allow them to boil about half an hour.\\nThe pork will season the fish excellently. The finest\\nmethod of all, however, is to bake a fish in the sand.\\nNot only is the whole flavor and all the juice pre-\\nserved, but the operation is quickly performed. A\\nfire of ample size is built on the sand, sufiicient to\\nheat it to a depth of a foot or more, and is kept\\nburning at least an hour. A good-sized fish of any\\nkind is cleaned, thoroughly washed, and two or three\\ntablespoonfuls of butter, with salt and pepper, placed\\ninside. The sides of the belly are then folded", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "SPECIAL HINTS FOR ANGLERS 191\\ntiglitlj one over the other, and a piece of string\\nwound about the entire fisli. It is then rolled in\\nseveral thicknesses of heavy brown paper, birch\\nbark, or cloth, and again tightly tied about with\\nstring. The embers of the lire are brushed aside and\\na hole dug in the hot sand about a foot deep. The\\nfish is quickly placed in it, the sand scraped over it,\\nand a few embers placed on top to continue the\\nheat. Twenty minutes will cook the fish, and an un-\\nrivaled feast is ready.\\nTo preserve fishing boots and shoes properly,\\nkeep them soft, and absolutely waterproof, nothing\\ncan equal pure cod-hver oil. It seems to penetrate\\ndeeper, and is so heavy-bodied that it lasts. Several\\napplications should be made, and each allowed to dry\\nin by holding the boot over the fire. If one is in the\\nwater much, the oiling should be repeated every two\\nor three days.\\nExperience shows that the best hours of the day\\nfor fishing are those of the early morning and of the\\nlate afternoon, continuing until dusk. If the w^eather\\nis rainy, cloudy, or dark, equal success may be met\\nwith throughout the day, but it is the exception,\\nnot the rule, to find good fishing during the bright\\nnoonday hours.\\nDo not forget to provide an anchor of some kind,\\nas it will J)e found necessary on every fishing trip.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "192 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nA large stone that will hold a rope tied about it, or a\\nlarge piece of scrap iron, will each prove excellent.\\nIf the weather is at all windy and still fishing is to\\nbe done, two anchors should be provided, one each\\nat bow and stern, to keep the boat from constantly\\nswinging about.\\nMist or dark-colored leaders are always the best\\nto use, being less noticeable in the water. If one is\\nunable to secure them, it is a very simple matter to\\nprepare a stain. This is effected by soaking them\\nover night in a strong solution of either coffee or tea.\\nA weak solution of logwood, with a little alum added,\\nis also very good. Avoid the use of light-colored\\nleaders\\nWhen it is desired to preserve fish for several\\ndays, and ice can not be obtained, they should be\\nwiped perfectly dry inside and out and packed in\\nmoss. One should not be allowed to touch another.\\nThe blood must be carefully cleaned from the inside\\nalong the backbone, and a little salt and sugar, or\\nsalt and soda rubbed in the interior. Fish can be\\nkept quite a long time by burying them a foot deep\\nin moss, under the roots of a tree, in a well-shaded\\nspot.\\nSnow or finely shaved ice will melt much slower,\\nand therefore preserve fish much longer, than will\\nice broken into ordinary- sized pieces. It should be", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "SPECIAL HINTS FOR ANGLERS l\u00c2\u00abj3\\npacked very hard, to prevent the circulation of air\\nthroui^h it.\\no\\nIt is a good idea always to examine the stomachs\\nof all lish caught, and note what particular food thej\\nare taking. It will aid materially in making a good\\ncatch, when a random choice of baits or flies does not\\nsucceed.\\n14", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XYIII\\nCOMPRISING A CHAPTER ON DOn tS\\nAll that lias been said thus far in this book indi-\\ncates what one should do to become a fisherman. It\\nis necessary now to call attention to many things that\\none should not do. A large number of these don ts\\npertain to personal safety, and call for careful ob-\\nservance.\\nDon t go out in a small boat tightly wrapped up\\nin heavy overcoats, and, above all, never wear high\\nrubber boots on such a trip in case of an accident\\nthe most powerful swimmer would be drowned. If\\nheavy clothing is necessary, be ready to throw it off\\nin a moment. The boots are never needed in a boat\\nif they are to be used on shore, they can be easily\\nput on when required. A, leather coat, wool lined,\\nworn over a sweater, and heavy underclothing, afford\\nample warmth, and will not interfere materially with\\nswimming.\\nDon t change seats in a boat unless absolutely\\ncompelled to attempts to do this have caused more\\n194", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "COMPRISING A CHAPTER ON DON TS I95\\ndrowning accidents than any other one thing. It is\\nsafer and better to go ashore, if possible. If a change\\nmust be made, the one in the stern should move care-\\nfully to the middle seat and sit there, quietly bal-\\nancing the boat, while the one rowing slowly passes\\nhim on hands and knees. JSot until he is seated in\\nthe stern should his companion move to the front seat\\nto take the oars.\\nDon t use unsafe boats of any kind. Those that\\nare too small, cranky, rotten, or leaky are to be\\navoided. Too many chances are taken by fishermen\\nin this respect, with the result that too many unneces-\\nsary accidents result. A boat that is too small or\\ncranky can not stand heavy waves, and a quick, acci-\\ndental movement may overturn it. Rotten and leaky\\nboats are generally dangerous.\\nDon t under any circumstances lean too far over\\nthe side of a boat, either in recovering something\\ndropped in the water or in netting a lish it often\\nresults in falling overboard or tipping over. Guard\\nagainst this fault in every way, as it is an especially\\nbad one.\\nDon t stand up in a small boat, no matter what\\noccurs, as it is the very acme of carelessness. All\\nweight must be kept as near the bottom of the boat\\nas possible.\\nDon t attempt to sail a rowboat with a regular or", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "196 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nimprovised sail unless you have a thorough knowl-\\nedge of how to do it. It is, unfortunately, a most\\ncommon practice, but nothing can be more dan-\\ngerous.\\nDon t attempt, when alone, to row a boat in\\nrough water and to fish with a rod or troll at the\\nsame time. In such a case the management of the\\nboat demands undivided attention.\\nDon t be careless in getting in and out of a boat,\\nesj)ecially where the water is deep, as a misstep means\\na plunge overboard. Always draw a boat well up\\non shore when not in use, as a sudden wind and high\\nwaves will otherwise easily drift it away.\\nDon t, under any circumstances, take a loaded gun\\ninto a boat, unless it be one with the shells or car-\\ntridges in the magazine, not in the barrel. A lurch\\nof the boat may thi ow the gun to the bottom and\\nexplode it, killing some one, or blowing a hole\\nthrough the bottom.\\nDon t ever follow the dangerous practice of row-\\ning your boat as near a passing steamboat as possible\\nin order to catch the resulting swells. They are very\\ndangerous, and even with skillful management often\\ncause a boat to be overturned.\\nDon t ever sit in a rowboat when having it towed\\nbehind a steamer. A sudden lurch or turn might\\nthrow the occupant out or capsize it.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "COMPRISING A CHAPTER ON DONTS 197\\nDon t forget to keep a careful lookout for snags\\nor stones just below the surface when rowing a boat.\\nThere is a possibility of knocking a hole through\\nthe bottom, but the more common danger lies in the\\nfact that the boat usually runs upon the obstruction\\nand rocks badly with the effort to get it off.\\nDon t ever approach closely to any hunters, espe-\\ncially wlien they are walking along the shore. This\\nwill prevent any danger of being sliot, and at the\\nsame time avoid the possibility of frightening any\\ngame they may be seeking.\\nDon t ever leave a fire in the woods, no matter\\nhow small, either when leaving camp temporarily or\\npermanently. It may creep along the ground, or a\\nstrong wind may blow the sparks about, causing the\\nburning of the camp, or even a disastrous forest fire.\\nMake a mental note always to extinguish the fire or\\nembers with a pail of water.\\nDon t ever trespass on waters or grounds pre-\\nserved by individuals or clubs, as it may lead to\\narrest and considerable trouble. Moreover, from a\\nmoral point of view it should not be done. Treat\\nothers as you would have others treat you, no matter\\nhow great the temptation, and how much better the\\nfishing may be there.\\nDon t violate the game laws. This means much,\\nand is a subject worthy of a lengthy sermon. The", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "198 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nfish laws are founded upon the necessity of protecting\\nfish during the spawning season, and their disregard\\nmeans the killing of hundreds of fish for each one\\ntaken. The true sportsman will observe the close\\nseasons for fishing as readily as he will any moral\\nobligation. The necessity for protecting fish when\\nspawning has been fully explained in the chapter on\\nhatching and propagating, and especial attention is\\ncalled to it here. Do not, under any circumstances,\\nbreak the law. The open season is sufiiciently long\\nto afford ample sport. Maintain also the law in\\nregard to taking undersized fish. The illegal sizes\\nare too small for the table, and no honor accrues\\nfrom taking them. Above all, never take more of\\nany kind of fish than are actually required. There\\nare many times when fish bite readily, and the temp-\\ntation is to catch as many as possible. As has been\\nstated in a previous chapter, if one simply can not\\nwithstand the temptation the fish should be thrown\\nback into the water, only those badly injured being\\nkept. This affords ample sport without slaughter.\\nDon t throw back fisli that are badly injured and liable\\nto die. It is more humane to kill them at once, and to\\nkeep them, even if caught accidentally out of season.\\nCertain directions should be given in this regard,\\nhowever. Especial care must be taken in throwing\\nback trout that have been caught, to wet the hand", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "COMPRISING A CHAPTER ON DON TS 199\\nthoroiiglily before taking hold of the fisli to remove\\nit from the hook. A dry hand removes sufficient of\\nits natural slime to cause it to die eventually. This\\nslime affords the trout a protection absolutely neces-\\nsary to its life.\\nDon t ever endeavor to prevent others from fish-\\ning on the same grounds with you, as they have equal\\nrights. If they lack gentlemanly instincts, do not\\nunder any circumstances forget that you are a sports-\\nman, and to carry out the honorable methods properly\\nattributed to one.\\nDon t fail to assist others to secure good sport\\nthrough refusing to give necessary and correct in-\\nformation. Remember that at times such informa-\\ntion has been or will be of great service to yourself.\\nMoreover, the first obligation of a sportsman is to do\\nall in his power to aid his fellows.\\nDon t ever begin to un joint a rod by first pulling\\nthe second joint from the butt. Commence by re-\\nmoving the tip, and then the second joint. Unless\\nthis is done, the sudden separating of the joints may\\ndrive the tip against some object and break it.\\nDon t forget to always take a necessary quantity of\\nworms for bait w^hen going into the woods to seek the\\nearly spring trout-fishing. It is rarely that they can\\nbe obtained there. Worms make absohitely the best\\nbait at that season, being, as it is, too early for flies.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEE XIX\\nOPEN FISHING SEASONS IN UNITED STATES AND\\nCANADA\\nThe following table gives the open seasons for\\ntaking game fish, as adopted bj the various States,\\nand in the several parts of Canada. This includes\\nall changes made up to and during the year 1899.\\nIn several States, notably Maine, Michigan, New\\nYork, Ohio, Yermont, and Wisconsin, there are cer-\\ntain waters excepted from the general law, each bear-\\ning a special open season, or closed entirely. For\\nthis reason it is better to consult the game laws of\\nthose States before fishing, noting the many excep-\\ntions and special acts.\\nIt will be remarked that the time allotted to open\\nseasons for the same variety of fish in the various\\nStates differs greatly. This is not owing altogether\\nto the differences in the spawning season caused by\\nchanges in climate or temperature, but rather to\\nfaulty laws. In some localities the laws as they now\\nstand do not afford any protection at all, which, it is\\n200", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "OPEN FIsniNG SEASONS 201\\nto be hoped, will be rectified before it is too late.\\nBeyond question New York and Maine have given\\nthe matter of fish protection the closest attention, and\\ntheir laws, as they now stand, are nearly perfect.\\nWithout unduly depriving the angler of sport, they\\ndo protect fish during the sjiawning season, erring, if\\nat all, on the side of safety.\\nIn some of the States, the fish laws are more hon-\\nored in the breach than in the observance in fact,\\nare practically not enforced at all. The necessity of\\nenforcement will become apparent before long from\\na diminished fish supply, and then more stringent\\nmeasures will be taken.\\nThe names of the various States will be found\\nnoted in the left-hand margin of the table following,\\nand in the column bearing the name of the various\\nfish will be found the dates covering the opening and\\nclosing days of the open season.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "202 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\n1\\n1\u00e2\u0080\u00941\\nNo law on\\nsteelhead\\ntrout.\\n1\\n1\\nJuly 1st\\nto\\nJan. 1st.\\nJuly 1st\\nto\\nMay 1st.\\n1\\nH\\ni\\n1\\nApr. 1st\\nto\\nNov. 1st\\ni\\nm\\nO\\ns\\n1)\\no\\nJune 1st\\nto\\nSept. 1st.\\no\\nApr. 1st\\nto\\nDec. 1st.\\nJune 1st\\nto\\nOct. 31st.\\nApr. 1st\\nto\\nJuly 1st.\\na\\nO\\n;2;\\no\\no\\nc\\no\\n1\\nNov. 15th\\nto\\nOct. 15th.\\n1\\na:\\nJ\\n5\\no:\\no\\ni\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2r1\\no\\n6\\nI\\nc\\nc", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "OPEN FISHING SEASONS\\n20:\\n1\\n1^\\n4J\\ni\\ni\\n1\\nMay 15th\\nto\\nApr. 1st.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nMch. 15th.\\nJune 1st\\nto\\nApr. 1st.\\nC\\nMay 15th\\nto\\nApr. 1st.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nMch. 15th.\\nIB\\n1\\n1\\nJi\\nMch. 1st\\nto\\nNov. 1st.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nMch. 15th.\\n13\\n13\\nApr. 1st\\nto\\nJuly 15th.\\n13\\nMch. 1st\\nto\\nNov. 1st.\\nMav 1st\\nto\\nMch. 15th.\\nA\\n5\\n1\\n.2\\nu\\na\\nD\\nc\\na\\na:\\n0\\nH\\n.2\\nc\\nc\\nt\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nc\\na:", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "20-1. FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\n-U\\n_C\\n1\\nM\\nW Cft\\n^i\\ntH lO\\nCD O\\n^l\\n3 t\\nSojI\\no\\n1ft c\u00c2\u00ab\\n-J OJ\\nO -ji*\\nS3^.\\nZsZ\\n^Ph o\\nJ- t-\\n_\u00c2\u00ab\\ns\\nf^\\ns\\nCft ^-J\\no g\\n1^\\n\u00c2\u00a72\\n4J -lJ\\nS\\ncS O\\nS\\n3\\nr/j\\nM Cft\\np\\n0)\\n22\\n-1\\no\\nCft\\ng^s-s\\n+J rd\\n*j -ij\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a01^ -t-^\\n+3 -+-i\\neft -k-*\\ncfl\\n00 cft\\n\u00c2\u00ab3 Cft\\no\\n03\\nfl^ T-l\\n,-1 o\\nI\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1 1\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1\\nT-1 T-H\\nr-t T\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1\\nO)\\no\\n-\u00e2\u0080\u00a25^\\n^\u00e2\u0080\u00a23--\\n.3^-\\n.S^\\nJ\\no\\no\\n03 Cu\\na\\nc\\n5^\\nc\\n^*3-s\\ntft\\no\\nill\\nail\\noO\\nOS c^\\nX\\n-i-i -i-i\\nd\\nio\\nCft (ft\\no\\n1\u00e2\u0080\u00941\\no\\ng\\n5\\n^^s\\ns^^\\n02\\nf\\ns\\nIT\\nr\\nc:\\nj:\\nc\\ns\\nS\\nc\\nr\\no\\nD\\nCft\\n5\\n0)\\nce\\na\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a222\\nK\\nC\\n*Cft\\na\\nS\\nJ3\\n.2\\n_c\\n.22\\n3\\ns\\n1", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "OPEN FISHING SEASONS\\n205\\nJuly 1st\\nto\\nMi\\\\Y 1st.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nFeb. 28th.\\nJune 1st\\nto\\nApr. 1st.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nFeb. 20th.\\n1\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nFeb. 28th.\\nJune 15th\\nto\\nApr. 30th.\\nMay 30th\\nto\\nDec. 1st.\\nJuly 1st\\nto\\nFeb. 1st.\\nJune 15tii\\nto\\nDec. 31st.\\nCO\\ni\\nCO\\nC\\nO\\nto\\nApr. 1st\\nto\\nAug. 1st.\\nJune 1st\\nto\\nNov. 1st.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nSept. 30th.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nJan. 1st.\\no\\n13\\no\\nApr. 1st\\nto\\nAug. 1st.\\nApr. 1st\\nto\\nJulv 15th.\\nJune 1st\\nto\\nNov. 1st.\\nApr. 16th\\nto\\nAug. 31st.\\nJune 1st\\nto\\nOct. 1st.\\nDec. 31st\\nto\\nOct. 15th.\\nO\\nc\\nc\\nApr. 15th\\nto\\nSept. 30th.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nSept. 30th.\\nJune 1st\\nto\\nOct. 1st.\\nApr. 15th\\nto\\nSept. 30th.\\nMch. 1st\\nto\\nAug. 15th.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2r\\nC\\nC\\ni\\n1^\\na\\nz\\nc\\n1\\nc\\nSi\\nc:\\na\\no", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "206 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nc/i\\nO\\na;\\n2\\nri\\ni\\nP3\\nCO Cfc\\npi-\\n03\\nt-3 *-3\\n2-3 2\\n1 5\\n1\\n1\\n4 a\\ni\\n1\\n1\\nrH -I\u00e2\u0080\u0094 1\\n5\\nc\u00c2\u00ab to\\nCO\\nS o\\no\\no\\nd\\no\\n1\\n3 4\\nC\\nc:\\nc\\nc\\nC\\na\\n5\\nD\\n1\\nc\\nc\\nJ\\nO\\nC\\n1\\n_2\\n1\\na\\na", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "OPEN FISHING SEASONS\\n207\\nJune 15th\\nto\\nApr. 15th.\\nMav 25tli\\nto\\nApr. 1st.\\nIViuskallunge.\\nJune 15th\\nto\\nApr. 15th.\\nJune 15tli\\nto\\nApr. 15th.\\nMav 25th\\nto\\nMch 1st.\\nJune 14th\\nto\\nDec. 15th.\\nJune 15th\\nto\\nJan. 1st.\\nJuly 1st\\nto\\nMav 15th.\\nJune 15th\\nto\\nApr. 15th.\\nMay 25th\\nto\\nMch. 1st.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Si\\n1\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nSept. 1st.\\nApr. 15th\\nto\\nSept. 1st.\\nJune 14th\\nto\\nDec. 15th.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nSept. 1st.\\nApr. 1st\\nto\\nSept. 15th.\\nJan. 1st\\nto\\nSept. 1st.\\nApr. 15th\\nto\\nSept. 1st.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nNov. 1st.\\no\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nSept. 1st.\\nJan. 1st\\nto\\nSept. 1st.\\nMay 1st\\nto\\nNov. 1st.\\n1\\nc\\nc\\na\\n\\\\j\\n1\\ni\\no\\nc\\nD", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "208 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\no\\nMay 15th\\nto\\nApr. 15th.\\n5 5\\nJO ;o\\nJO\\nJO\\n1-\\ni-5\\n1-\\n44\\ns\\n4^\\n3\\nO\\nH\\n1\\nlO o\\n1 1\\n2 :H^\\n1^ d\\nl-H lO\\na 1\\n5\\n+J _L-,\\n5 5\\na a\\nj3\\nO vj\\nCO ^-H\\nO\\n2 i\\n2\\n5 o\\nt i\\no\\n02\\nCO -1-1\\nr-i JO\\n2 bb\\n*I1\\n1 i\\n1 1\\nIn\\n2 s\\no\\nCO\\n3\\nc\\nF\\nc\\n1\\na\\ni\\no\\np\\n_o\\no\\no\\na\\no", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEK XX\\nSCIENTIFIC NAMES OF FISH MENTIONED\\nIn nearly all publications relating to fish, the\\nLatin or scientific name of each is usually given\\nimmediatelj following the English appellation. In\\nthis work this method has not been followed, as it\\nseemed preferable to give the subject a chapter to\\nitself. In this manner the fish mentioned can be\\nkept together in groups or families, and the distinc-\\ntive family and varietal name of each readily seen and\\nlearned. This allows, as well, opportunity and space\\nto give the derivation and meaning of each. It is\\nwell to know all this, foi- the reason that these names\\nare constantly used. They are, indeed, a necessary\\npart of a fisherman s knowledge. The salmon (pro-\\nnounced sam un) family, being most prominent, is\\ngiven first, and the other fish are given in the order\\nfollowed in the preceding chapters.\\nSalmo salar: common Atlantic salmon. Salmo and sal ar are\\nold Latin names for this family of fish, both derived from\\nsalio, to leap, and doubtless were corrupted or changed from\\n15 209", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "210 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nthe originals in being lianded down. The word salmo is used\\nin connection with a large variety of the trouts, to designate\\nthe family or descent. It is the first name given, as is the case\\nwith all other kinds of fish, being the specific name indicat-\\ning the species. The other names following are subspecific,\\nexpressing a variety.\\nOiicorhyiicluis: the Pacific varieties of salmon. From oyKos,\\nhook pvyxo^^ snout. The word salmo is not applied to this\\ngreat branch of the salmon family in the scientific name, but\\nthey bear instead the specific name given above.\\nOiicorliyiiclius tschawytscha king or quinnat salmon. Tscha-\\nivytscha is the vernacular name for this fish among the natives\\nof Alaska and Kamchatka.\\nOiicorliynchiis nerka: red or blueback salmon. Nerka is a\\nRussian name applied to this variety.\\nOiicorhynchus kisutch silver salmon. Kisutch, the Alaskan\\nand Kamchatkan vernacular name.\\nOiicorhynchus gorhiischa humpback salmon. Gorbnscha, the\\nRussian vernacular name in Alaska.\\nOiicorhynchus keta dog salmon. Keta, a vernacular name in\\nKamchatka.\\nSalmo or Salvelinus fontinalis the common brook or speckled\\ntrout. Salvelinus, an old name for the char. Fontinalis,\\nliving in springs. In this connection it is well to know that\\namong the trouts salmo is applied to the rainbow, brown, cut-\\nthroat, Tahoe, and steelhead while salvelinus represents the\\nbrook, red-spotted or Dolly Varden, blueback, saibling, and\\nSunapee varieties.\\nSalmo irideus rainbow trout. Irideiis, rainbow-like.\\nSalmo fario brown trout. Fario, European varietal name.\\nSalmo mykiss cut-throat trout. Mykiss, a vernacular name\\nfor this species in Kamchatka.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF FISH MENTIONED 211\\nSalmo niykiss Heiishawi Tahoe trout. Henshawi, named for\\nII. W. Ilenshaw, who discovered this fish.\\nSalmo Oairdneri steelhead trout. Gairdneri, named for Dr.\\nGairdner, who discovered it.\\nSalvelinus iiialiua: red-spotted, or Dolly Varden trout. Mahiia,\\na vernacular name for this fish in Kamchatka.\\nSalvelinus Oqiiassa: blueback trout of Maine. Oquassa, name\\nof one of the Rangeley lakes.\\nSalvelinus Alpiniis: saibling. Alpi?ms, Alpine.\\nSal velinus Alpiiius aureolas Sunapee trout. Aureolus, golden.\\nCristivoiuer naniaycush lake trout. Cristivomer, from crista,\\ncrest; vomer, vomer; meaning a slender, thin bone separating\\nthe nostrils. Namaycush, an Indian name applied to this fish.\\nTliyniallus Ontariensis Michigan grayling. Thymallus, an\\nancient name for grayling, the fish having the odor of thyme.\\nOntariensis, of or pertaining to Lake Ontario.\\nSalmo salar ouaiianiche McCarthy ouananiche, or so-called\\nlandlocked salmon of Canada. Ouananiche, Montagnais In-\\ndian vernacular meaning little salmon. JlcCarthy, so named\\nfrom his first writing fully regarding this fish.\\nSalmo salar (ouananiche) Sebag-o: landlocked salmon of the\\nUnited States. Sebago, name of a noted Maine fishing lake,\\nwhere this species was first found.\\nSea trout. There is no especial name for these fish. As previ-\\nously stated, nearly all trout can live in salt water, and do run\\ndown to it when the streams they inhabit are tributary to the\\nsea. Naturally they bear the same names when found in salt\\nwater.\\nMicropterus Dolomieu: small-mouthed black bass. Micropte-\\nrus, snuiU fin. Improperly named, for the reason that the\\noriginal specimen to which the name was given had the dorsal\\nfin injured. The posterior rays being detached and broken", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "212 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\noff short were taken for a separate fin. Dolomieu, named for\\nM. Dolomieu, of Paris.\\nMicropterus saliuoides large-mouth black bass, Oswego bass.\\nSalmoides, troutlike. This fish is often called a trout in\\nthe Southern States, being troutlike in gameness and in\\nquality as food.\\nPomoxis sparoides calico bass, strawberry bass. Fotnoxis,\\nsharp opercle, the opercle ending in two fiat points instead of an\\near flap. Sparoides, from anapos, sparus eiSos, resemblance.\\nAmbloplites rnpestris rock bass, red eye, goggle eye. Amblo-\\nplites, blunt armature. Rupestris, living among rocks.\\nRocciischrysops white bass, striped bass, silver bass. Boccus,\\nfrom the vernacular, rock fish. Chrysops, gold eyed.\\nLucius masquinon^y muskallunge. Lucius, the Latin name\\nfor pike. Masquinongy, the Indian name given this fish, sup-\\nposed to indicate hard fighting. Old name, infrequently used,\\nEsox nohilior.\\nLucius reticulatus pickerel. Eeticulatus, netted. Old name,\\ninfrequently used, Esox reticulatus.\\nLucius lucius: pike. Old name, infre(juently used, Esox lucius.\\nStizostedion vitreuni pike perch, wall-eyed pike, yellow pike.\\nStizostedion, pungent throats. Vitreum (vitreus), glassy, from\\ntheir large eyes.\\nPerca ftavesceus: yellow perch, ringed perch, striped perch.\\nPerca, the ancient name of the fish. Elavescens, yellowish.\\nMorone Americaua white perch, llorone, name unexplained.\\nAmericana, American.\\nCyprinus carpio scale carp. Cyprinus, the ancient name of\\nthe carp. Carpio, carp.\\nCyprinus carpio coriaceus: leather carp. Coriaceus, leathery.\\nAmeiurus nebulosus: bullhead. Ameiurus, curtailed; the\\ncaudal fin not notched. Nehulosus, clouded.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "SCIENTIFIC NAMES OF FISH MENTIONED 213\\nAmeiuriis lacustris catfisli of the lakes, Mississippi cat. La-\\ncustris, living in lakes.\\nAmeinrus catus channel cat. Catus (low Latin), cat.\\nAplodiuotus g:riiiiiiiens sheepshead, fresh-water drum. Aplo-\\ndinotiis, single hack. Grunniens, grunting.\\nLota maculosa: burbot, lawyer, ling. Lota, an ancient name\\ngiven this fish from the Frencli la lotte. Maculosa, spotted.\\nCore^onus cliipeiformis whitefish. Coregomis, old Latin\\nname for whitefish. Clupeiformis, shad or herring siiaped.\\nOsiuenis smelt. Osmerus, odorous. The name is the same as\\nthe Englisli smelt.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "INDEX\\nAnchor, 191, 192.\\nAngle worms, 119, 120, 199.\\nBait box, 121.\\nBaits, artificial, 180.\\nBasket fish, 99, 121.\\nBass, black, 11, 15, 41, 42, 44, 45, 46,\\n48, 54, 184, 211, 212 fishing for, 136-\\n138, 140-145 Oswego, 44 rock, 41,\\n42, 50, 52, 212 strawberry or cali-\\nco, 41, 42, 48, 50, 212 white, 41, 52,\\n144, 212.\\nBed, camp, 169,\\nBlanket, rubber, 175.\\nBoats, dangers to avoid in, 194-197.\\nBullheads, 7, 67, 77. 78, 184, 212 fish-\\ning for, 161, 162.\\nBurbot, or ling, 67, 80, 82, 213 fish-\\ning for, 163.\\nCamp, bark, or open, 168, 169.\\nCamp fire, 170, 172, 197.\\nCamping, 164, 178.\\nCamping list, 172-176.\\nCanadian licenses, 186.\\nCarp, fishing for, 161 leather back,\\n67, 73, 75, 77. 212 mirror. 73; scale,\\n7, 67, 73, 75, 77, 212.\\nCasting with minnows, 141.\\nCatfish, 18. 67, 77, 78, 213 fishing for,\\n162.\\nChars, 30, 31.\\nChubb, 84.\\nCiscoes, 30.\\nCleaning salmon and trout, 122.\\nClothing, 177, 178.\\nCompass, Nature s, 186-189 watch,\\n188.\\nCooking, 176, 177, 190, 191.\\nCusk, 80.\\nDisgorger for hooks, 157.\\nDore, 64.\\nDrum, or sheepshead, 67, 78, 80, 213\\nfishing for, 162.\\nEel pout, 80.\\nEggs, fish, 6-8, 10, 12-14.\\nFire, danger from, 197.\\nFish basket, 99, 121.\\nFish, cleaning of, 122, 184 fighting\\nqualities of, 44, 45, 126, 127 names\\nof parts and fins of, 186.\\nFishing, locations for, 185 time of\\nday for, 191.\\nFish laws, violation of, 3, 4, 123, 197.\\nFish way. 8, 9.\\nFHes, 103, 130.\\nFlies, preventive against, 179, 180.\\nFly fishing, 102, 1.30, 132. 137, 159.\\nFrogs, 189, 190.\\nFrog spear, 189.\\nGang of hooks, 148, 149.\\nGoode, George Brown, quoted, 39.\\nGrayling, 29, 30, 211.\\nGut, tying, 100.\\nHatcheries, 9, 10.\\nHatching, 10. 13, 15, 16, 70, 71 black\\nbass, 15, 48 ouananiche, 36, 37\\ntrout, 9. 11, 26.\\n215", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "216 FAMILIAR FISH, THEIR HABITS AND CAPTURE\\nHerring, 30.\\nHooks, 86, 92, 93, 112, 121, 140, 143,\\n144, 148, 150, 188, 189.\\nIce fishing, 152, 160.\\nLake St. John, 32, 33, 166.\\nLanding net, 93.\\nLawyers, 80, 213.\\nLeaders, 86, 107, 112, 147, 149, 192.\\nLicenses, Canadian, 186.\\nLines, 86, 90, 92, 103, 112.\\nLing. See Burbot.\\nList for camping, 172, 176.\\nMarston, R. B., quoted, 22.\\nMinnows, casting with, 141.\\nMosquitoes, preventive against, 179,\\n180.\\nMuskallunge, 56-58, 66, 212 deriva-\\ntion of name, 57 distinguished\\nfrom pike and pickerel, 58, 60-62\\nfishing for, 147, 148 where found,\\n146.\\nOuananiche, 32-37, 126-129, 211 fish-\\ning for, 126-129 hatching, 36, 37.\\nPerch, ringed, 68. 212; striped, 68,\\n212 white. 67, 71-73, 212 fishing\\nfor, 160, 161 yellow, 67, 68, 70, 71,\\n184, 185, 212 fishing for, 158-160.\\nPhotography, 182.\\nPickerel, 56-58, 60-62, 66, 212 distin-\\nguished from muskallunge and\\npike, 58. 60-62: fishing for, 149, 156.\\nPike, 56-58, 61, 62, 66, 212; distin-\\nguished from nmskallunge and\\npickerel, 58-62 fishing for, 149-\\n156 names in various countries,\\n62 wall-eyed, 64 yellowy 64.\\nPike perch, 56, 57, 64-66, 212 fishing\\nfor, 156, 1.57.\\nPillow, rubber, 176.\\nPreserves, fishing, 122, 123.\\nPreserving fish, 192.\\nReels, 86, 89, 90, 103, 112.\\nReleaser, 184.\\nRods, 86, 87, 100, 103, 108, 109, 111, 112,\\n120, 121, 127, 138, 140 unjointing,\\n199.\\nSalmon, Atlantic, 18, 23, 111, 209, 210\\nfishing for. 111, 112, 114, 115 land-\\nlocked, 32, 33, 211 Pacific, 18, 20,\\n111, 210 where found, 18, 20, 111.\\nScientific names of fish, 209-213.\\nSeasons, fishing, in Canada, 200, 201,\\n208 in the United States, 200-207.\\nSheepshead. See Drum.\\nSmelts, 18, 213.\\nSpawning, 6-12, 70, 73.\\nSpinners, 93, 140.\\nSpoons, trolling, 93, 94. 147-151, 156.\\nSuckers, 7, 73, 75, 82.\\nSunfish, 54.\\nTackle box, 9.5-100.\\nTackle, care of, 180, 181.\\nTip-ups, 153-156.\\nTrespassing, 197.\\nTrolling, 188, 189.\\nTrout, blue-back, 29, 210 brook, 7, 9,\\n11, 12, 18, 20, 22-24, 26, 38, 39, 115,\\n116, 210 fishing for, 115-122 brown,\\n18, 23, 24, 26, 116, 210; cutthroat,\\n29, 210 Dolly Varden, 29, 210, 211;\\nlake, 26-29, 123-125, 211 fishing for,\\n123-125 Loch Leven, 29 rainbow,\\n18-26,40, 116, 210; red-spotted, 29,\\n210, 211 salmon, 26-28 saibling,\\n29, 210, 211 sea, 37-40, 211 fishing\\nfor, 130-135 Sunapee or golden.\\n27, 29, 210, 211 steelhead, 29, 210,\\n211; Tahoe, 29, 210, 211; weight\\nand length of, 188 raising, 11-14\\nshipping, 13, 14.\\nWaterproofing boots, 191.\\nWhitefish, 18, 30, 213.\\nWorms, angle, 119, 120. 199.\\nTHE END", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "FRANK M, CHAPMAN S BOOKS.\\nBird Studies with a Camera.\\nWith Introductory Chapters on the Outfit and Methods of the\\nBird Photographer. By Frank M. Chapman, Assistant Curator\\nof Vertebrate Zoology in the American Museum of Natural\\nHistorvv Author ef Handbook of Birds of Eastern North\\nAmerica and Bird-Life. Illustrated with over loo Photo-\\ngraphs from Nature by the Author. i zmo. Cloth, ^1.75.\\nBird students and ohoto^raphers will find that this book possesses for them a unique\\ninterest and vahie. It contains fascinating accounts of the habits of some of our com-\\nmon birds and descriptions of the largest bird colonies existing in enstern North Amer-\\nica; while its author s phenomenal success in photographing birds in Nature not only\\nlends to the illustrations the charm of realism, but makes the book a record of surpris-\\ning achievema.its with the camera Several of these illustrations have been described\\nby experts as the most remarkable photographs of wild life we have ever seen. The\\nbook is practical as well as descriptive, and in the opening chapters the questions of\\ncamera, lens, plates, blinds, decoys, and other pertinent matters are fully discussed.\\nBird-Life.\\nA Guide to the Study of our Common Birds. With 75 full-page\\nuncolored plates and 25 drawings in the text, by Ernest Seton\\nThompson. Library Edition. 1 2mo. Cloth, ^1.75.\\nThe Same, with lithographic plates in colors. 8vo. Cloth, ^5.00.\\nTEACHERS EDITION. Same as Library Edition, but con-\\ntaining an Appendix with new matter designed for the use of\\nteachers, and including lists of birds for each month of the year.\\ni2mo. Cloth, $2.00.\\nTEACHERS MANUAL. To accompany Portfolios of Colored\\nPlates of Bird-Life. Contains the same text as the Teachers\\nEdition of Bird-Life, but is without the 75 uncolored plates.\\nSold only with the Portfolios, as follows\\nPortfolio No. I. Permanent Residents and Winter Visitants. 32\\nplates.\\nPortfolio No. II. March and April Migrants. 34 plates.\\nPortfolio No. III.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 May Migrants, Types of Biros Eggs, Types of\\nBirds Nests from Photographs from Nature. 34 plates.\\nPrice of Portfolios, each, Si. 25; with Manual, $2.00. The\\nthree Portfolios with Manual, S4.00.\\nHandbook of Birds of Eastern North America.\\nWith nearly 200 Illustradons. i 2mo. Library Edition, cloth,\\n^3.00 Pocket Edidon, fle.vible morocco, $3.50.\\nAPPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "D. APPLETON AND COMPANY S PUBLICATIONS.\\nCAM I LIAR LirE IN FIELD AND FOREST.\\nBy F. Schuyler Mathews. Uniform with Familiar Flow-\\ners, Familiar Trees, and Familiar Features of the Road-\\nside. With many Illustrations. i2mo. Cloth, $1.75.\\nThe great popularity of Mr. F. Schuyler Mathews s charmingly illustrated\\nbooks upon flowers, trees, and roadside life insures a cordial reception for\\nhis forthcoming book, which describes the animals, reptiles, insects, and\\nbirds commonly met with in the country. His book will be found a most\\nconvenient and interesting guide to an acquaintance with common wild\\ncreatures.\\nPAMILIAR FEATURES OF THE ROADSIDE.\\nBy F. Schuyler Mathews, author of Familiar Flowers of\\nField and Garden, Familiar Trees and their Leaves, etc.\\nWith 130 Illustrations by the Author. 121110. Cloth, I1.75.\\nWhich one of us, whether afoot, awheel, on horseback, or in comfortable carnage,\\nhas not vvhiled away the time by glnncing about? How many of us, however, have\\ntaken in the details of what charms us We see the flowering fields and budding woods,\\nHsten to the notes of birds and frogs, the hum of some big bumblebee, but how much do\\nwe know of what we sense These questions, these doubts have occurred to all of us,\\nand it is to answer them that Mr. Mathews sets forth. It is to his credit that he suc-\\nceeds so well. He puts before us in chronolo4ic.1l order the flowers, birds, and beasts\\nwe meet on our highway and byway travels, tel.s us how to recognize them, what they\\nare really like, and gives us at once charming drawmgs in words and lines, for Mr.\\nMathews is his own \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\x%Kx2i iOx. Boston Journal.\\nPAMIUAR TREES AND THEIR LEAVES.\\nBy F. Schuyler Mathews, author of Familiar Flowers of\\nField and Garden, The Beautiful Flower Garden, etc.\\nIllustrated with over 200 Drawings from Nature by the Au-\\nthor, and giving the botanical names and habitat of each tree\\nand recording the precise character and coloring of its leafage.\\ni2mo. Cloth, $1.75.\\nIt is not often that we find a book which deserves such unreserved commenda-\\ntion. It is commendable for several reasons it is a book that has been needed for a\\nlong time, it is written in a popular and attractive style, it is accurately and profusely\\nillustrated, and it is by an authority on tlie subject of which it treats. Public Opinion.\\nPAMILIAR FLOWERS OF FIELD AND\\nGARDEN. By F. Schuyler Mathews. Illustrated with\\n200 Drawings by the Author. i2mo. Library Edition, cloth,\\nI1.75 Pocket Edition, flexible morocco, ^2.25.\\nA book of much vJue and interest, admirably arranged for the student and the\\nlover of flowers The text is full of compact informn lion, well selected and inter-\\nestingly presented. It seems to us to be a most attractive handbook of its kind.\\nNew York Sun.\\nD. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "D. APPLETON AND COMPANY S PUBLICATIONS.\\nY^HE ART OF TAXIDERMY. By John Row-\\nLEY, Chief of the Department of Taxidermy in the American\\nMuseum of Natural History. Illustrated. i2mo. Cloth, $2.00.\\nMr. Rowley lias i-troduced new features into the art which liave not been described\\nin print before, and his book represents th latest advances in taxidermy as an art and\\nas a science. He takes a hunting party to the Canadian woods in his opening chapter,\\nand gives a series of vivid pictures of actual field work. This is followed by a series of\\ncareful explanations of the proper treatment of animals, large and small, of birds, and\\nheads. The many lovers of outdoor sport who are interested as amateurs in the various\\nphases of taxidermy will find their requirements fully met, while to pn fessional taxi-\\ndermists this important and comprehensive work will be indispensable. It is elabo\\nrately illustrated.\\nINSECT LIFE. By John Henry Comstock, Pro-\\nfessor of Entomology in Cornell University. With Illustra-\\ntions by Anna Botsford Comstock, member of the Society of\\nAmerican Wood Engravers. i2mo. Library Edition, cloth,\\n1=2.50 Teachers and Students Edition, 50.\\nAny 01. e who will go through the work with fidelity will be rewarded by a\\nknowledge of insect life wnich will be of pleasure and benefit to him at all seasons, and\\nwill give an increased charm to the days or weeks spent each summer outside of the\\ngreat cities. It is the best book of its class which has yet appeared. -.Wzc Vork\\nMail and Express.\\nThe arrangement of the lessons and expe iments and the advice on collection and\\nmanipulation are only somet o( the very admirable features of a work that must take\\nfirst place in the class to which it belongs. Phiiadelphia Press.\\nThe volume i- admirably written, and the simple and lucid style is a constant de-\\nlight. It is sure to serve an excellent purpose in the direction of popular culture,\\nand the love of natural science which it will develop in youthful minds cm hardly fail\\nto bear rich fruit. -Boston Beacon.\\no\\nUT LINES OF THE EARTH S HISTORY.\\nBy Prof. N. S. Shaler, of Harvard University. Illustrated.\\ni2mo. Cloth, $1.75.\\nAnyone who reads the preliminary chapters will not stop tmtil he has read (he\\nentire book. The subject is certainly one of supreme interest, and it would be hard to\\nfind any one more competent to write about it than Pio. essor Shaler. iVfw Vo^k\\nHerald.\\nProfessor Shaler fortunately possesses a p;)pular style, and what he writes on a\\nscientific topic is entertaining as well as instructive. This book is illustrated with a\\nnumber of splendid full-page cuts, whicii admirably illuminate the work. Boston\\nGlobe.\\nProfessor Shaler, of Harvard, in the well-worded te.vt and the handsome illustra-\\ntions, presents an interesting and instructive volume to the students of physiography.\\nIt is a simple study of the earth s history, revealing Nature s processes and its continu-\\nous and increasing, unceasing energies. It is well ca c:ilated to arouse an interest in\\ngeological study, as it furnishes the key to unlock some of the great mysteries the stu-\\ndent meets in this broad field of science. He explains many curious phenomena.\\nThe work is very free from technicalities, and is so plainly told as to be easily under-\\nstood by every intellectual reader. Chicago Inter-Ocean.\\nD. APPLETON AND COMPANY. NEW^ YORK.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "D. APPLETON AND COMPANY S PUBLICATIONS.\\n/^AMP-FIRES OF A NATURALIST. From the\\nField Notes of Lewis Lindsay Dyche, A. M., M. S., Professor\\nof Zoology and Curator of* Birds and Mammals in the Kansas\\nState University. The Story of Fourteen Expeditions after\\nNorth American Mammals. By Clarence E. Edwords,\\nWith numerous Illustrations. i2mo. Cloth, $1.50.\\nIt is not always that a professor of zoology is so enthusiastic a sportsman as Prof.\\nDyche. His hunting exploits are as varied as those of Gordon Cumming, for example,\\nin South Africa. His grizzly bear is as dangerous as the lion, and his mountain si eep\\nand goats more difficult to stalk and shoot than any cieatures of the torrid zone. Evi-\\ndently he came by his tastes as a hunter from lifelong experience. iVg w York\\nTribune.\\nThe book has no dull pages, and is often excitingly interesting, and fully in-\\nstructive as to the habits, haunts, and nature ot wild beasts. Chicago Inter-Ocean.\\nThere is abundance of interesting incident in addition to the scientific element,\\nand the illustrations are numerous and highly graphic as to the big game met by the\\nhunters, and the hardships cheerfully undertaken. Broo/clyn Eagle.\\nI he narrative is simple and manly and full of the freedom of forests. This\\nrecord of his work ought to awaken the interest of the generations growing up, if only\\nby the contrast of his active experience of the resources of Nature and of savage life\\nwith the background of culture and the environinert of educational advantages that\\nare being rapidly formed for the students of the United States. Prof. Dyche seems,\\nfr )in this account f him, to have thought no personal hardship or exertion wasted in\\nhis attempt to collect facts, that the naturalist of the future may be provided with com-\\nplete and verified ideas as to species which will soon be extinct. This is good work\\nwork that we need and that posterity will recognize with gratitude. The illustrations\\nof the book are interesting, and the type is clear. Aew York Times.\\nThe adventures are simply told, but some of them are thrilling of necessit\\\\ how-\\never modestly the narrator does his work. Prof. Dyche has had abou^ as many ex-\\nperiences in the way of hunting for science as fall to the lot of the most fortunate, and\\nthis reCDuntal of them is most interesting. 1 he camps from which he worked ranged\\nfrom the Lake of the Woods to Arizona, and northwest to British Columbia, and in\\nevery region he was successful in securing rare specimens for his museum. Chicago\\nTimes.\\nThe literary construction is refreshing. The reader is carried into the midst of\\nthe very scenes of vvhich the author tells, not by elabora-teness of description, but by\\nthe directness and vividness of every sentence. He is given no opportunity to abandon\\nthe companions with which the book h.)S provided him, for incident is made to follow\\nincident with no intervening literary padding. In fact, the book is all action. Art\u00c2\u00ab-\\nsas City Journal.\\nAs an outdoor book of camping and hunting this book possesses a timely interest,\\nbut it also has the merit of scientific exactness in the descriptions of the habits, pecul-\\niarities, and haunts of wild animals Philadelphia Press.\\nBut what is most important of all in a narrative of this kind\u00e2\u0080\u0094 for it seems to us\\nthat Camp- Fires of a Naturalist was written first of all for entertainment these notes\\nneither have been dressed up and their accuracy thereby impaired, nor yet retailed in\\na dry and statistical manner. The book, in a word, is a plain narrative of adventures\\namong the larger American 7Kvi\\\\m-A\\\\?,. Philadelphia Btilletin.\\nWe recommend it most heartily to old and young alike, and suggest it as a beau-\\ntiful souvenir volume for those who have seen the wonderful display of mounted animals\\nat the World s Y^\\\\x. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Tope/{a Capital.\\nD. APPLETON AND COMPANY. NEW YORK.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "D. APPLETON L CO. S PUBLICATIONS.\\nOUTINGS AT ODD TIMES. By Charles C\\nAbbott, author of Days out of Doors and A Naturalist s\\nRambles about Home. i6mo. Cloth, gilt top, $1.25.\\nA charming little volume, literally alone with Nature, for it discusses seasons and\\nthe fields, birds, eti., with the loving freedom of a naturalist born. Every page reads\\nUke a sylvan poem; and for the lovers of the beautiful in quitt outdoor and out-of-\\ntown life, this beautifully bound and attractively printed little volume will prove a\\ncompanion and friend. Rochester Union and Advertiser.\\nNA TURALIST S RAMBLES ABO UT HOME.\\nBy Charles C. Abbott. i2mo. Cloth, $1.50.\\nThe home about which Dr. Abbott rambles i.s clearly the haunt of fowl and fish,\\nof animal and insect life and it is of the habits and nature of these that he discourses\\npleasantly in this book. Summer and winter, morning and evening, he has been in\\nthe open air all the time on the alert for some new revelation of instinct, or feeling,\\nor ch iracter on the part of his neighbor creatures. Most that he sees and hears he\\nreports agreeably to us, as it was no doubt delightful to himself Books like this,\\nwhich are free from all the technicalit es of science, but yet lack little that has scien-\\ntific value, are well suiied to the reading of the yoimg. Their atmosphere is a healthy\\none for boys in particular to breathe. Boston Transcript.\\nA\\nD\\nAYS OUT OF DOORS. By Charles C. Abbott-\\ni2mo. Cloth, $1.50.\\nDays out of Doors is a series of sketches of animal life by Charles C Abbott,\\na naturalist whose graceful writings have entertained and instructed the public before\\nnow. The essays and narratives in this book are grouped in twelve chapters, named\\nafter the months of the year. Under January the author talks of squirrels, musk-\\nrats, water-snakes, and the predatory animals that withstand the rigor of winter;\\nunder February of frogs and herons, crows and blackbirds; under March of gulls\\nand fishes and foxy sparrows: and so on appropriately, instructively, and divertingly\\nthrough the whole twelve ^eiv York Sun.\\nT\\nHE FLA YTIME NA TURALIST. By Dr. J. E.\\nTaylor, F. L. S., editor of Science Go.ssip. With 366 Illus-\\ntrations. i2mo. Cloth, $1.50.\\nThe work contains abundant evidence of the author s knowledge and enthusiasm,\\nand any boy who may read it carefully is sure to find something to attract him. The\\nstyle is clear and lively, and there are many good illustrations. Nature.\\nT^HF ORIGIN OF FLORAL STRUCTURES\\nthrough Insects and other Agencies. By the Rev. George\\nHenslow, Professor of Botany, Queen s College. With nu-\\nmerous Illustrations. i2mo. Cloth, $1.75.\\nMuch has been written on the structure of flowers, and it might seem almost\\nsuperfluous to attempt to say anything m^ re on the subject, but it is only withm the\\nlast few years that a new literature has sprung up, in which the authors have described\\ntheir observations and given their interpretations of the uses of floral mechanisms, more\\nespecially in connection with the processes of fertilization. From Introduction.\\nNew York: D. APPLETON CO., 72 Fifth Avenue.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "BOOKS BY CY WARMAN*\\nSnow on the Headlight.\\nA Story of the Great Burlington Strike, i zmo. Cloth, ^1.25.\\nMr. Warman holds a unique position among our tellers of tales, since he\\nalone is a practical railroad man, who knows the work, and has done it, in all\\nits details. Neiu York Mail and Express.\\nPlenty of close-range photographs, interior views, of the great Burlington\\nstrike are to be found in Cy Warman s book. Philadelphia Times.\\nIt has the great virtue of being a plain story plainly told by one who\\nknows. Whatever other impression it may convey to the reader, it conveys\\nmost strongly the impression of truth. And this plain truth, told in a plain\\nway, is a terrible thing. One can feel all the way through that half the tale\\nand perhaps the worst half is left untold, yet such as stands in print is\\nsufficient, and to the reader who cares for something more than the superficial\\nadventurous incident of the book it will not be without its instructive\\ninfluence. Den-ver Republican.\\nTold with all the freshness and vividness of an eyewitness. Philadelphia\\nCall.\\nWill be read with interest by all railroad men. Galesburg {III.) Mail.\\nThe Story of the Railroad.\\nIllustrated. i zmo. Cloth, $1.50.\\nFar more interesting than the average novel. Mr. Warman s\\nvolume makes us hear and feel the rush of modern civilization. It gives us\\nalso the human side of the picture the struggles of the frontiersman and his\\nfamily, the dismay and cruel wrath of the retreating savage, the heroism of\\nthe advance guard of the railway builders, and the cutthroat struggles of com-\\npeting lines. He does not deal greatly with statistics, but the figures he uses\\nhelp make up the stunning effect of gigantic enterprise. There is not a dull\\npage in the book. Neiv York Evening Post.\\nIntensely interesting a history that reads like a romance, and compared\\nwith whose marvelous story indeed most modern romances will seem spiritless\\nand tame. Charleston Ne-ivs and Courier.\\nWorthy to stand on the same shelf with Hough s Story of the Cowboy.\\n-Milivaukee yournal.\\nD- APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "BOOKS BY FRANK T. BULLEN.\\nThe hog of a Sea-Waif.\\nBeing Recollections of the First Four Years of my Sea Life.\\nIllustrated. Uniform Edition. i zmo. Cloth, ;i .50.\\nThe brilliant author of The Cruise of the Cachalot and Idylls of the\\nSea presents in this new work the continuous story of the actual experiences\\nof his first four years at sea. In graphic and picturesque phrases he has sketched\\nthe events of voyages to the West Indies, to Bombay and the Coromandel coast,\\nto Melbourne and Rangoon. Nothing could be of more absorbing interest\\nthan this wonderfully vivid account of foks l humanity, and the adventures and\\nstrange sights and experiences attendant upon deep-sea voyages. It is easy to see\\nin this book an English companion to our own Two Years before the Mast.\\nIdylls of the Sea.\\nI zmo. Cloth, ^1.25.\\nThe deep-sea wonder and mystery which Kipling found in Frank T\\nBuUen s Cruise of the Cachalot is appreciable again in this literary mate s\\nnew book, Idylls of the Sea. We feel ourselves tossed with him at the\\nmercy of the weltering elements, etc. Philadelfihia Record.\\nAmplifies and intensifies the picture of the sea which Mr. Bullen had\\nalready produced. Calm, shipwreck, the surface and depths of the sea,\\nthe monsters of the deep, superstitions and tales of the sailors all find a place\\nin this strange and exciting book. Chicago Times-Herald.\\nThe Cruise of the Cachalot,\\nRound the World after Sperm Whales. Illustrated. i zmo.\\nCloth, $1.50.\\nIt is immense there is no other word. I ve never read anything that\\nequals it in its deep-sea wonder and mystery, nor do I think that any book before\\nhas so completely covered the whole business of whale fishing, and, at the same\\ntime, given such real and new sea pictures. I congratulate you most heartily.\\nIt s a new world you ve opened the door to. Rudyard Kipling.\\nWritten with racy freedom of literary expression and luxuriant abundance\\nof incident, so that The Cruise of the Cachalot becomes a stor\\\\- of fascinating\\nvividness which thrills the reader and amuses him. The volume is no less en-\\nthralling than Two Years before the Mast, and higher praise can not be\\naccorded to a story of the sea. A book of such extraordinary merit as\\nseldom comes to hand. Philadelphia Press.\\nD. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "THE STORY OF THE WEST SERIES.\\nEdited by RIPLEY HITCHCOCK.\\nEach, illustrated, J2mo, doth, $J.50.\\nThe story of the Railroad.\\nBy Cy Warm AN, author ot **The Express Messenger, etc.\\nWith Maps and many Illustrations by B. West Clinedinst and\\nfrom photographs.\\nAs we understand it, the editor s ruling idea in this series has not been\\nto present chronology or statistics or set essays on the social and political de-\\nvelopment of the great West, but to give to us vivid pictures of the life and the\\ntimes in the period of great development, and to let us see the men at their\\nwork, their characters, and their motives. The choice of an author has been\\nfortunate. In Mr. Warman s book we are kept constantly reminded of the\\nfortitude, the suffering, the enterprise, and the endurance of the pioneers.\\nThe Railroad Gazette.\\nThe Story of the Cowboy.\\nBy E. Hough, author of The Singing Mouse Stories, etc.\\nIllustrated by William L. Wells and C. M. Russell.\\nMr. Hough is to be thanked for having written so excellent a book.\\nThe cowboy story, as this author has told it, will be the cowboy s fitting\\neulogy. This volume will be consulted in years to come as an authority on past\\nconditions of the far West. For fine literary work the author is to be highly\\ncomplimented. Here, certainly, we have a choice piece of writing. Neiu\\nYork Times.\\nThe Story of the Mine.\\nAs illustrated by the Great Comstock Lode of Nevada. By\\nCharles Howard Shinn.\\nThe author has written a book not alone full of information, but replete\\nwith the true romance of the American mine. Ne-w York Times.\\nThe Story of the Indian.\\nBy George Bird Grinnell, author of Pawnee Hero Stories,\\nBlackfoot Lodge Tales, etc.\\nOnly an author qualified by personal experience could offer us a profitable\\nstudy of a race so alien from our own as is the Indian in thought, feeling, and\\nculture. Only long association with Indians can enable a white man measur-\\nably to comprehend their thoughts and enter into their feelings. Such asso-\\nciation has been Mr. Grinnell s. New York Sun.\\nD. APPLETON AND COMPANY, NEW YORK.", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "oo\\nvOo\\nV\\n.^0\\n-^c^.\\nJ O N\\nso\\n?/^3:T^\\\\#-;", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3409", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n002 877 978 1", "height": "3604", "width": "2405", "jp2-path": "familiarfish01mcca_0248.jp2"}}