{"1": {"fulltext": "mmmm^ $m..", "height": "3532", "width": "2392", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.\\nChap._.?.lL.1]opyright No.\\nUNITED STATES OF AMERICA.", "height": "3481", "width": "2157", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3471", "width": "2167", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3471", "width": "2167", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "V S^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^H\\nH\\nH\\nll\\nF^^H\\n^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ft ^Wi^, jH^H\\nlk\u00c2\u00abI:i ^^^^9BH\\nI^^^^If a^^^H\\n1\\nALEXANDER POPE.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "The Silver Series of English Classics\\nPOPE S\\nESSAY ON MAN\\nAND\\nESSAY ON CRITICISM\\nEDITED WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES\\nBY\\nJOSEPH B. SEABUEY\\nSILVER, BURDETT x\\\\ND COMPANY\\nNew York BOSTON Chicago", "height": "3471", "width": "2167", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0009.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": ".y\\n(Py\\\\p\\nLibrary wf Con^jrc^-\\nTw\u00c2\u00bb Copies Receive\\nJUN 16 ISOO\\nC\u00c2\u00bbpyr)ght entry\\ncopy.\\n2ni( \u00e2\u0082\u00ac\u00c2\u00ab|iy Delivered to\\nORDER DIVISION\\niUN 20 I9UU\\nSt-C JNO COPY,\\n64111\\nCopyright, 1900,\\nBy silver, BURDETT AND COMPANY.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0010.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "PUBLISHERS ANNOUNCEMENT.\\nThe Silver Series of English Classics is designed to furnish\\neditions of many of the standard classics in English and American\\nliterature, in the best possible form for reading and stud} While\\nplanned to meet the requirements for entrance examinations to\\ncollege, as formulated by the Commission of American Colleges,\\nit serves a no less important purpose in providing valuable and\\nattractive reading for the use of the higher grades of public and\\nprivate schools.\\nIt is now generally recognized that to familiarize students with\\nthe masterpieces of literature is the best means of developing true\\nliterary taste, and of establishing a love of good reading which\\nwill be a permanent dehght. The habit of cultured original ex-\\npression is also established through the influence of such study.\\nTo these ends, carefully edited and annotated editions of the\\nClassics, which shall direct pupils in making intelligent and\\nappreciative study of each work as a whole, and, specifically, of\\nits individual features, are essential in the classroom.\\nThe Silver Series notably meets this need, through the editing\\nof its volumes by scholars of high literary ability and educational\\nexperience. It unfolds the treasures of hterary art, and shows\\nthe power and beauty of our language in the various forms of\\nEnglish composition,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 as the oration, the essay, the argument,\\nthe biography, the poem, etc.\\nThus, the first volume contains Webster s oration at the laying\\nof the corner stone of Bunker Hill monument and, after a brief\\nsketch of the orator s Ufe, the oration is defined, \u00e2\u0080\u0094the speech\\nitself furnishing a practical example of what a masterpiece in\\noratory should be.\\nNext follows the essay, as exempUfied by Macaulay s Essay\\non Milton. The story of the life of the great essayist creates an\\ninterest in his work, and the student, before he proceeds to study\\nthe essay, is shown in the Introduction the difference between the\\noratorical and the essay istic style.\\n3", "height": "3471", "width": "2167", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0011.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "4 PUBLISHERS ANNOUNCEMENT.\\nAfter this, Burke s Speech on Concihation is treated in a\\nsimilar manner, the essential principles of forensic authorship\\nbeing set forth.\\nAgain, De Quincey s Flight of a Tartar Tribe a conspicu-\\nous example of pure narixition exhibits the character and qual-\\nity of this department of literary composition.\\nSouthey s Life of Nelson is presented in the same personal\\nand critical manner, placing before the student the essential char-\\nacteristics of the biographical style.\\nThe series continues with specimens of such works as The\\nRime of the Ancient Mariner, by Coleridge; the Essay on\\nBurns, by Carlyle; the Sir Roger de Coverley Papers, by Ad-\\ndison Milton s Paradise Lost, Books I. and II. Pope s Iliad,\\nBooks L, VL, XXII. and XXIV. Dry den s Palamon and Ar-\\ncite Shakespeare s Merchant of Venice Spenser s Faerie\\nQueene Scott s Lay of the Last Minstrel Shelley s Pro-\\nmetheus, and other works of equally eminent writers, covering\\na large and diversfied area of literary exposition.\\nThe beginner, as well as the somewhat advanced scholar, will\\nfind in this series ample instruction and guidance for his own\\nstudy, without being perplexed by abstruse or doubtful problems.\\nWith the same thoughtfulness for the student s progress, the\\nappended Notes provide considerable information outright but\\nthey are also designed to stimulate the student in making re-\\nsearches for himself, as well as in applying, under the direction\\nof the teacher, the principles laid down in the critical examina-\\ntion of the separate divisions.\\nA portrait, either of the author or of the personage about whom\\nhe writes, will form an attractive feature of each volume. The\\ntext is from approved editions, keeping as far as possible the\\noriginal form and the contents offer, at a very reasonable price,\\nthe latest results of critical instruction in the art of literary ex-\\npression.\\nThe teacher will appreciate the fact that enough, and not too\\nmuch, assistance is rendered the student, leaving the instructor\\nample room for applying and extending the principles and sug-\\ngestions which have been presented.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0012.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "INTEODUCTION.\\nBIOGRAPHICAL.\\nA i^iTTLE man with a large brain, a frail man with a\\nsinewy brain, a misshapen man with a well-proportioned\\nbrain, Alexander Pope for fifty-six years lived a life out of\\npoise with itself. From beginning to end it was body\\nversus mind. From the day of his birth, which occurred\\nin London May 21, 1688, Pope struggled with relentless\\nphysical foes, making his earthly career a long disease.\\nIt is a phenomenon in the annals of literature that a man\\nunder such an exhausting inheritance of ill-health should\\nhave achieved so great fame.\\nLike many other persons of intellectual acuteness in\\ndeformed bodies. Pope had a singularly expressive coun-\\ntenance and a luminous eye. Nature had endowed him\\nwith a melodious voice, which gave rise to the title he\\nbore, The Little Nightingale.\\nIn early life he showed remarkable gentleness of dispo-\\nsition. In a vein of pathetic candor Dr. Samuel Johnson\\nsaid of him The weakness of his body continued\\nthrough life, but the mildness of his mind perhaps ended\\nwith his childhood. It is true that jealousy and rancor,\\nthat childish spite and caustic revenge, are far too appar-\\nent in his poems and correspondence, but the qualities of\\nphilanthropy and filial devotion are not wanting in the\\nrelationships of his life. There is nothing easier, says\\nBeuve, than to make a caricature of Pope. The man\\n5", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0013.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "6 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nwho encased himself in a stiff canvas jacket to sii})port his\\ndistorted l)ody, who wore three pairs of stockings, drawn\\non one over the other to cover his slender legs, who sat in\\na high chair at table, the man who was dependent on the\\ncare of women, who was crafty and malignant, puerile\\nand peevish, this man was always the jest of cynic and of\\ncensor. His literary vanity was conspicuous. Although\\na genuine admirer of the great masters of the art of ex-\\npression, he had an overpowering estimate of his own\\ngenius.\\nPope s parents were of gentle blood. His father\\nwas a linen-draper. He accumulated a fortune and re-\\ntired from business. The mother of Pope was Edith\\nTurner, who like her husband was a Roman Catholic and\\nbrought up her son in that faith. But the poet never de-\\nveloped very positive religious opinions. The father\\ndied when the son was twenty-nine years of age, and\\nthe mother when he was forty-five. Pope s respect for\\nhis mother was justly due to her strong character. He\\ncherished her love, and sought her pleasure. On a monu-\\nment erected to her memory the son recorded his venera-\\ntion for one of the best of mothers and most loving\\nof women. In contemplating Pope s devotion to his\\nmother. Dr. Johnson wrote Life has among its sooth-\\ning and quiet comforts few things better to give than\\nsuch a son.\\nPope s precocity is proverbial. At the age of eight\\nhe began Latin and Greek under a Romish priest and\\nfriend of the family, Taverner. He read Ogilby s Jlonier\\nand Sandys Ovid. He made metrical translations of\\nthese classical authors. At twelve he wrote a play\\nfounded on the Iliad. English poetry early filled him\\nwith enthusiasm. Chaucer and Spenser were his absorb-\\ning delight. But no English writer held the high place\\nin his estimation that Drvden held. He discovered the", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0014.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "INTKODUCTION. 7\\nart and mystery of bis style. He made him his model.\\nOne of the earliest productions of his pen is the Ode to\\nSolitude, written at Binfield, whither his father had\\nmoved with his family in 1700 to escape the feverish\\necclesiastical unrest of the times. Pope lived at Binfield\\nfrom the time he was twelve till he was twenty-eight. It\\nwas the period of literary expansio7i.\\nThe first poems to establish the reputation of our author\\nwere the Pastorals, published in 1709. This work was\\nwritten when the poet was sixteen j^ears of age, but not\\ngiven to the public until he was twenty-one. Following\\nthis (1711) was the Kssay 07i Criticism. The publication\\nof this incisive poem by one so young gave Pope the posi-\\ntion of the foremost poet of his age. The mock-heroic\\npoem, The Rape of the Lock, belongs to his twenty-fourth\\nyear, an ideal creation of pure fancy, founded on the fact\\nmentioned to him by a friend that Lord Petre, a fashion-\\nable courtier at the court of Queen Anne, plucked a lock\\nof hair from the head of a beautiful young maid of honor,\\nArabella Fermor. This incident Pope treats with most\\nbewitching pleasantry, showing how hard it is to find\\nthe element of the heroic in polite society. Lowell says\\nthis poem is sufficient to immortalize its author, and adds,\\nin it the natural genius of Pope found fuller and freer\\nexpression than in any other of his poems.\\nAlthough Pope was in no sense a poet of nature, his\\nWindsor Forest (the name of the region in which he\\nlived) shows him not unappreciative of nature s voice.\\nThe poem abounds in the choicest specimens of versifica-\\ntion and is an example of the purest diction. Among the\\npoems written at Binfield were the Ode on St. Vecilid s Day\\nand the Temple of Fame. Here he began a very laborious\\nliterary effort covering twelve years his translation of\\nthe Iliad. The first book a])peared in 1715, the entire\\ntranslation was completed in 1720. It placed in the hands", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0015.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "8 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nof the poet \u00c2\u00a35000 the publication of the Odyssey \u00c2\u00a33000\\nadditional, a literary competency.\\nIn 1716 Pope moved to Chiswick. The two years\\nspent there are chiefly eventful because of the death of\\nhis father and the publication of the Epistle of Eloisa to\\nAhelard.\\nIn the year 1718 Pope moved with his mother to Twick-\\nenham, picturesquely situated on the banks of the Thames.\\nHere, in a beautiful villa, he passed the remainder of his\\nlife, in ease but not in affluence. He devoted much time\\nto horticulture and made a subterranean grotto, which he\\nfurnished with looking-glasses. He gathered about him\\nthe literary lights of the day Swift, Addison, Prior,\\nGay, Bolingbroke, Arbuthnot. Statesmen, men of art\\nand science, were frequently his guests. The patronage of\\nthe great and famous served to feed that passionate fond-\\nness for being in the public eye which was natural to Pope.\\nHis brilliant successes gave a tone of boastfulness and\\nloftiness to the i3oet, and led him to look with unbecoming\\ndisdain upon the writers of lesser name the beggarly\\nscribblers in the pay of publishers. Pope brought upon\\nhimself the bitter envy and revenge of his cotemporaries.\\nAs an answer to his calumniators he wrote what is con-\\nsidered the most scathing piece of satire ever published.\\nThe Ihiiiciad. In it he flays, and boils, and roasts,\\nand dismembers the miserable scribblers he attacks. In\\nthis satirical invective Pope s judgment forsook him, per-\\nmitting the coarser elements of his nature to rule the\\nfiner. He descends to the most ribald personalities.\\nNames otherwise lost to fame are rescued from their ob-\\nscurity by Pope s fierce satire.\\nThe poet s literary friendships were of a somewhat pre-\\ncarious sort. If, as Taine says, he wished to be ad-\\nmired, and nothing more, when admiration ceased\\nfriendship was severed. To his jealousy as a writer may", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0016.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "INTKODUCTION. 9\\nbe traced his unhappy squabbles with Addison, Swift, and\\nLord Hervey. His treatment of Bolingbroke was singu-\\nlarly ungrateful, but it did not estrange that ardent\\nadmirer. When Pope was thirty-seven, by a painful\\naccident he lost the use of two fingers. Voltaire, being in\\nEngland at the time, wrote him an appreciative letter of\\nsympathy.\\nAmong the poems of Pope s later life the supreme place\\nmust be given to the JEssay on Man^ the study of which\\nhas engaged the attention of thinking men from his day\\nto ours. The Epistle on Taste, the Epistle to ArbiUJuiot,\\nthe Correspondence, the Imitations of Horace, belong to\\nthe later period of his industrious life.\\nPope took no active interest in politics. He treated the\\nsubject flippantly. In his own words In my politics, I\\nthink no further than how to prefer the peace of my life\\nin any government under which I live, nor in my religion\\nthan to preserve the peace of my conscience in any church\\nwith which I communicate.\\nPope died at Twickenham, May 30, 1744, and was buried\\nin the churchyard of that place. He was laid to rest near\\nthe mother whom he so heartily venerated, and whose\\ndeath antedated his own by a decade.\\nCRITICAL.\\nThe foremost of our classical poets. The great\\nmoral poet of all time. The poet of a thousand years.\\nHimself a literature. Such are some of the encomiums\\nwhich the ardent admirers of Alexander Pope have heaped\\nupon him. That he was the foremost poet of his day no\\none seriously doubts that he had poetic defects every one\\nadmits. And yet no poet was ever so highly lauded, so\\npetted, so coddled by a devoted public as he. The pub-\\nlication of The Rape of the Lock brought about him", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0017.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "10 ALEXANDER POPE.\\na whirlwind of enthusiasm. His Pastorals, his Temple of\\nFame, his Epistle of Eloisa to Ahelard, as they came from\\nthe press from time to time, served to solidify the fibre of\\nhis reputation.\\nNo great poet was ever held up as a target for the\\narrows of envy and hatred as was Pope. Whatever may\\nhave been the calibre of his poetic genius, his personality\\nwas irritative. His dwarfish stature, his splenetic ill-will,\\nhis proverbial parsimony, his abnormal conceit, his queru-\\nlous suspicion, kept him in perpetual contempt before the\\npublic. In Taine s racy words He had all the appetite\\nand whims of an old child, an old invalid, an old author,\\nan old bachelor.\\nPope s literary genius has surmounted all obstacles and\\nhis reputation has defied all enemies. The cautious, the\\nwise, the discreet judgment of his day and ours places\\nhim among the great writers of English literature. But\\nadmiration should be impartial. Johnson admired him\\nwith discrimination and Warton with self-restraint. So\\ndo men of our time. Lowell says It will hardly be\\nquestioned that the man who writes what is still piquant\\nand rememberable, a century and a quarter after his death,\\nwas a man of genius. Again he says His more am-\\nbitious work may be defined as careless thinking carefully\\nversified.\\nIt is the wholesome judgment of our day that every\\nwriter must be studied amid his surroundings. His age\\ninterprets him quite as much as he interprets his age. It\\nis true of Pope. Making all due allowance for the\\nphysical and mental limitations with which he was born,\\nand under which he struggled, his environment was de-\\nfective. It was the age of duplicity at court, the age\\nof widespread policy, intrigue and cunning. The states-\\nmen of the day made no scruj)le of slanderiug and\\nmaligning their enemies, of clim])ing up the ladder of", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0018.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION. 11\\nfame by pulling other men down. Social morals were at\\na low ebb. Literature felt the general decadence of a\\nmanful standard of life. A man of Pope s fragile nature\\nfelt the atmosphere in which he lived he reflected its\\nspirit. His conspicuous satirical gift found a wide field in\\nthe form of poetry which especially delighted him. The\\nbiting, withering repartee which fills the pages of The\\nDimciad is of the nature of revenge more than of satire.\\nAnd yet his revenge was not of the morose, malicious\\norder. It was the pastime of his genius, the practice of\\nhis imagination, to set forth in stinging personalities the\\ndefects of men, particularly those who had offended him\\nby their attacks upon his poetry. Airy and graceful in\\nhis malice, he may have been, but it must be regarded as\\na serious defect in his writings that his abnormally sensi-\\ntive and vindictive nature found so fertile a field of ex-\\npression in the works that have made him famous.\\nIt remains for us to consider what seem to the writer\\nthe salient qualities of Pope s style.\\n(1) Accuracy. Pope himself says Mr. Walsh told him\\nthere was one way left of excelling. We had several\\ngreat poets, but we never had one great poet that was\\ncorrect, and he advised me to make that my study and\\naim. Pope followed this advice. He made precision\\nhis ideal. He sought to eliminate inaccuracies and re-\\nmove redundancies. He aimed at exactness in the thought\\nto be expressed and in the form that thought should take.\\nThe charm of his illuminating metaphors lies in their per-\\nfect adaptation to the idea to be illustrated. Before any-\\nthing from his pen appeared in print he spent eight or\\nnine years in painstaking investigation, reading, study-\\ning poetry his only business, and idleness his only\\npleasure. In a letter to Walsh he writes, It seems\\nnot so much the perfection of sense to say things that\\nhave never been said before, as to express those best", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0019.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "12 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nthat liave been said oftenest. Pope s observation of\\nmen and manners was technical and searching. His scru-\\ntiny of personal foibles was analytic, and yet his analysis\\nwas not always logical. The reader of Pope cannot fail to\\nbe struck with the author s consummate art in making\\nevery thought stand out a complete whole.\\n(2) Floiish. This industrious author kept every poem\\ntwo years before it was published. He subjected it to\\na minute process of examination. He recast it, re-phrased\\nit, polished it, burnished it. He pursued this refining art\\nuntil every sentence, line, word, syllable was correctly\\nframed, nicely adjusted, effectively inserted. The balance\\nof the metre was faultless stately epigrams abound on\\nevery page.\\n(3) Condensation. It is acknowledged by Pope s se-\\nverest critics that he was a master of concise statement.\\nIn his own words Nothing is more certain than that\\nmuch of the force, as well as the grace of arguments or\\ninstructions, depends on their conciseness. He was math-\\nematical in reducing every expression to its lowest terms,\\nfinding the prime factors in every literary problem. As a\\nresult of this passion for condensation, it is impossible to\\nfind a line, a word too many. Pope is the English Taci-\\ntus. In terseness of phraseology he stands without a\\npeer. He once remarked that one of the great conditions\\nof writing well is to know thoroughly what one writes\\nabout. After gaining a lucid conception of the thought\\nto be expressed, he had it in his power to condense it and\\ncompress it into the form where it would convey the most\\nperfect image to the mind in the least possible number of\\nwords.\\n(4) Rhythm. The liquid beauty of Pope s lines im-\\npresses every reader. There is no hiatus every period\\nis exquisitely rounded. It was Dr. Johnson who said,\\nA thousand years may elapse before there shall appear", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0020.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION. 13\\nanother man with a power of versification equal to that\\nof Pope. In poetic symmetry he was peerless. I lisped\\nin numbers, for the numbers came. Always studious, al-\\nways taking down data from conversation or reading, he\\nwas on the alert at all times to increase the fund of his\\npoetic material. This he wove into his poems with a\\ngrace of metrical movement that surprises and charms\\nthe reader.\\nRuskin considers Pope one of the two masters of the\\nabsolute art of language. The other is Vergil. Pope is\\nmore incisive, more comprehensive than Vergil. He has\\na wit that is cutting, at times corrosive. Lacking in the\\nforce and majesty that make the pages of Dryden so\\ncommanding to the attention and admiration of all. Pope\\nabounds in grace of form and reach of execution. He\\ncovers in his more serious poems every law of art, of\\ncriticism, of economy, of policy, and finally of benevo-\\nlence. Who has realized more nearly than he the familiar\\nlines of Shefiield, Duke of Buckinghamshire\\nOf all those arts in which the wise excel,\\nNature s chief masterpiece is writing well\\nTlie text used in this edition is that of Warburton, the friend to\\nwhom Pope entrusted, afeiv years before his death, the congenial\\ntask of arranging and editing his poetical works. This authentic\\nedition has become the popidar one, and it has been adopted, ivith\\nsome minor changes in spelling, punctuation, and capitalizing,\\nfor the present volume of English Classics.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0021.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "14 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nCHRONOLOGICAL TABLE.\\n1688. (May 21) Birth of Pope in London.\\n1700. Pope takes up his residence with his father at Binfield.\\n1704. Intimacy with Sir William Trumball begins,\\n1705. Forms intimate acquaintance with Walsh.\\n1709. Pastorals pubUshed.\\n1711. Essay on Criticism.. Introduced to Gay.\\n1712. Introduced to Addison. Rape of the Lock. The Messiah.\\n1713. (April) Addison s Cato first acted. Prologue to Cato.\\nWindsor Forest. Ode on St. Cecilia s Day.\\nSubscription for Translation of Iliad opened.\\n1714. Death of Queen Anne. Rape of the Loch enlarged.\\nTemple of Fame.\\n1715. Iliad{Yo\\\\.l),\\n1716. (April) Moves to Chiswick.\\n1717. Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady. Epistle\\nof Eloisa to Ahelaixl. (October) Death of Pope s father.\\n1718. Pope settles with his mother at Twickenham.\\n1720. Iliad (last volume).\\n1723. First return of Bolingbroke.\\n1725. Edition of Shakespeare. Pope attacked by Theobald.\\nOdyssey, Vols. I-III. Second return of Bolingbroke.\\n1726. Letters to Cromwell. Swift at Twickenham.\\n1727. (June) Death of George I. Miscellanies, Vols. I and II,\\ncontaining Treatise on the Bathos.\\n1728. The Dunciad, Books I-III.\\n1730. Grub-street Journal. Continued till 1737.\\n1731. Epistle on Taste. The remaining Moral Essays up to 1735.\\n1732. Essay on Man, Ep, I. The remaining Epistles up to 1734.\\n1733. (June) Death of Pope s mother.\\n1735. Epistle to Arbuthnot. Death of Arbuthnot. Pope s\\nCorrespondence\\n1736. Correspondence (authorized edition).\\n1737. Imitations of Horace.\\n1738. Epilogue to Satires.\\n1740. First meeting with Warburton.\\n1742. The New Dunciad (in four books).\\n1743. The Dunciad (with Gibber as hero).\\n1744. (May 30) Death of Pope at Twickenham,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0022.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "PREFACE TO THE ESSAY ON MAN.\\nThe fame of Alexander Pope rests chiefly upon his\\ndidactic poem, Essay on Man. It is read more widely\\nthan any other work of its kind in the English language.\\nIt is the common ground on which men of opposite views\\nin literature, religion, and social ethics meet in sympa-\\nthetic accord. It is philosophical without being abstruse,\\nanalytic without being dry, comprehensive without being\\nwearisome.\\nThe poem is the consummation of Pope s purpose to\\nwrite a series of Moral Essays, Some pieces on human\\nLife and Manners, as the poet himself calls them. In\\nthis list belong The Use of Riches, On the Knowl-\\nedge and Character of Men, and Of the Character of\\nWomen.\\nThe Essay on Man is, in the realm of poetry, what\\nButler s Analogy is in the realm of argumentative prose.\\nIt aimed to put religion upon a rational basis and to\\npopularize ethical discussions. The plan of the Essay\\nwas suggested by the poet s friend. Lord Bolingbroke, who\\nfurnished most of the arguments and to whom Pope dedi-\\ncates the poem. It contains the essence of the thought\\nof the times on the subjects discussed. The poem is\\nstrong in the logical basis of its structure but in its\\ninternal development it lacks in logical coherence. Lowell\\ncalls this poem a droll medley of inconsistent opinions.\\nThe wholesome, pungent truths taught in this poem far\\noutweigh any minor variations from the accepted tenets\\nof ethics. In the words of the author If I could flatter\\n15", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0023.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "16 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nmyself that this Essay has any merit, it is in steering\\nbetwixt the extremes of doctrines seemingly opposite, in\\npassing over terms utterly unintelligible, and in forming\\na temperate yet not inconsistent, and a short yet not im-\\nperfect, system of ethics.\\nAt first glance it seems to the reader surprising that\\nthe poet should have written upon so occult a subject in\\npoetry rather than prose. Let Pope himself explain\\nI chose verse, and even rhyme, for two reasons. The\\none will appear obvious that principles, maxims, or pre-\\ncepts so written, both strike the reader more strongly at\\nfirst, and are more easily retained by him afterwards the\\nother may seem odd, but it is true. I found I could ex-\\npress them more shortly this way than in prose itself;\\nand nothing is more certain, than that much of the force\\nas well as grace of arguments or instructions depends on\\ntheir conciseness.\\nThe power of this masterly moral epic lay in its\\nbrilliant versification, its terse epigrams, its luminous meta-\\nphors, its striking antitheses, its noble climaxes. Through\\nevery book the poem breathes a rational optimism,\\nwhich quite eclipses any appearance of pantheism, fatal-\\nism, or pessimism. There is a great moral momentum to\\nthe poem, which frequently rises to supreme heights of\\nrhjrthmic beauty.\\nThe poem is an integer. It should be read contin-\\nuously, thoroughly, slowly, and read to the end. Weigh\\neach word each word has force. Every adjective is a\\npicture every noun a strong tower; every verb a thing\\nof life.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0024.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "AN ESSAY ON MAN.\\nARGUMENT OF EPISTLE I.\\nOF THE NATURE AND STATE OF MAN, WITH RESPECT TO THE\\nUNIVERSE.\\nOf man in the abstract. I. That we can judge only with regard\\nto our own system, being ignorant of the relations of systems\\nand things, ver. 17, etc. II. That man is not to be deemed\\nimperfect, but a being suited to his place and rank in the crea-\\ntion, agreeable to the general order of things, and conformable\\nto ends and relations to him unknown, ver. 35, etc. III.\\nThat it is partly upon his ignorance of future events, and\\npartly upon the hope of a future state, that all his happiness\\nin the present depends, ver. 77, etc. -4- IV. The pride of aiming\\nat more knowledge, and pretending to more perfection, the\\ncause of man s error and misery. The impiety of putting\\nhimself in the place of God, and judging of the fitness or un-\\nfitness, perfection or imperfection, justice or injustice of His\\ndispensations, ver. 109, etc. V. The absurdity of conceiting\\nhimself the final cause of the creation, or expecting that per-\\nfection in the moral world, which is not in the natural, ver.\\n131, etc. VI. The unreasonableness of his complaints against\\nProvidence, while on the one hand he demands the perfections\\nof the angels, and on the other the bodily qualifications of the\\nbrutes tliough, to possess any of the sensitive faculties in a\\nhigher degree, would render him miserable, ver. 173, etc.\\nVII. That throughout the whole visible world, an universal\\norder and gradation in the sensual and mental faculties is ob-\\nserved, which causes a subordination of creature to creature,\\nand of all creatures to man. The gradations of sense, in-\\nstinct, thought, reflection, reason that reason alone counter-\\nvails all the other faculties, ver. 207. VIII. How much\\nfurther this order and subordination of living creatures may\\nextend, above and below us were any part of which broken,\\nnot that part only, but the whole connected creation must be\\ndestroyed, ver. 233. IX. The extravagance, madness, and\\npride of such a desire, ver. 250. X. The consequence of all,\\nthe absolute submission due to Providence, both as to our\\npresent and future state, ver. 281, etc., to the end.\\n17", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0025.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "18 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nEPISTLE I.\\nAwake, my St. John leave all meaner things\\nTo low ambition, and the pride of kings.\\nLet us, (since life can little more supply\\nThan just to look about us and to die),\\nExpatiate free o er all this scene of Man 5\\nA mighty maze but not without a plan\\nA wild, where weeds and flow rs promiscuous shoot\\nOr garden, tempting with forbidden fruit.\\nTogether let us beat this ample field.\\nTry what the open, what the covert yield 10\\nThe latent tracts, the giddy heights, explore\\nOf all who blindly creep, or sightless soar\\nEye nature s walks, shoot folly as it flies,\\nAnd catch the manners living as they rise\\nLaugh where we must, be candid where we can 15\\nBut vindicate the ways of God to man.\\nI. Say first, of God above or Man below.\\nWhat can we reason but from what we know\\nOf Man, what see we but his station here.\\nFrom which to reason, or to which refer 20\\nThrough worlds unnumbered though the God be known,\\nT is ours to trace Him only in our own.\\nHe, who through vast immensity can pierce,\\nSee worlds on worlds compose one universe,\\nObserve how- system into system runs, 25\\nWhat other planets circle other suns.\\nWhat varied being peoples ev ry star.\\nMay tell why Heav n has made us as we are.\\nBut of this frame the bearings, and the ties.\\nThe strong connections, nice dependencies, 30\\nGradations just, has thy pervading soul\\nLooked through, or can a part contain the whole\\nIs the great chain, that draws all to agree.\\nAnd drawn supports, upheld by God, or thee", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0026.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 19\\nII. Presumptuous man the reason wouldst thou find, 35\\nWhy formed so weak, so little, and so blind\\nFirst, if thou canst, the harder reason guess,\\nWhy formed no weaker, blinder, and no less\\nAsk of thy mother earth, why oaks are made\\nTaller or stronger than the weeds they shade 40\\nOr ask of yonder argent fields above,\\nW^hy Jove s satellites are less than Jove\\nOf systems possible, if t is eonfest\\nThat Wisdom Infinite must form the best.\\nWhere all must full or not coherent be, 45\\nAnd all that rises, rise in due degree\\nThen, in the scale of reas ning life, t is plain.\\nThere must be, somewhere, such a rank as Man\\nAnd all the question (wrangle e er so long)\\nIs only this, if God has placed him wrong 50\\nRespecting Man, whatever wrong we call.\\nMay, must be right, as relative to all.\\nIn human works, though labored on with pain,\\nA thousand movements scarce one purpose gain\\nIn God s, one single can its end produce 55\\nYet serves to second too some other use.\\nSo man, who here seems principal alone.\\nPerhaps acts second to some sphere unknown.\\nTouches some wheel, or verges to some goal\\nT is but a part we see, and not a whole. 60\\nWhen the proud steed shall know why man restrains\\nHis fiery course, or drives him o er the plains\\nWhen the dull ox, why now he breaks the clod.\\nIs now a victim, and now Egypt s god\\nThen shall man s pride and dulness comprehend 65\\nIlis actions passions being s uV;e and end\\nWhy doing, sufi^ ring, checked, impelled and why\\nThis hour a slave, the next a deity.\\nThen say not Man s imperfect, Heav n in fault", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0027.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "20 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nSay rather, Man s as perfect as he ought 70\\nHis knowledge measured to his state and place\\nHis time a moment, and a point his space.\\nIf to be perfect in a certain sphere,\\nWhat matter, soon or late, or here or there\\nThe blest to-day is as completely so, 75\\nAs who began a thousand years ago.\\nIII. Heav n from all creatures hides the book of fate.\\nAll but the page prescribed, their present state\\nFrom brutes what men, from men what spirits know\\nOr who could suffer being here below 80\\nThe lamb thy riot dooms to bleed to-day.\\nHad he thy reason, would he skip and play\\nPleased to the last, he crops the llow ry food.\\nAnd licks the hand just raised to shed his blood.\\nOh, blindness to the future kindly giv n, 85\\nThat each may fill the circle marked by Heav n,\\nWho sees with equal eye, as God of all,\\nA hero perish, or a sparrow fall.\\nAtoms or systems into ruin hurled,\\nAnd now a bubble burst, and now a world. 90\\nHope humbly then with trembling pinions soar\\nWait the great teacher Death and God adore.\\nWhat future bliss. He gives not thee to know,\\nut gives that hope to be thy blessing nf yy.\\nlope springs eternal in the human bre;^ 95\\n-[an never Is, but always To be blest\\nhe soul, uneasy and confined from h\\nRests and expatiates in a life to come.\\nLo, the poor Indian whose untutored mind\\nSees God in clouds, or hears Him in the wind 100\\nHis soul, proud science never taught to stray\\nFar as the solar walk, or milky way j\\nYet simple nature to his hope has giv n.\\nBehind the cloud-topt hill, an humbler heav n", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0028.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 21\\nSome safer world in depths of woods embraced, 105\\nSome happier island in the wat ry waste,\\nWhere slaves once more their native land behold,\\nNo fiends torment, no Christians thirst for gold.\\nTo be, contents his natural desire,\\nHe asks no angel s wing, no seraph s fire 110\\nBut thinks, admitted to that equal sky.\\nHis faithful dog shall bear him company.\\nly. Go, wiser thou and, in thy scale of sense,\\nWeigh thy opinion against Providence\\nCall imperfection what thou fanciest such, 115\\nSay, here he gives too little, there too much\\nDestroy all creatures for thy sport or gust.\\nYet cry, If Man s unhappy, God s unjust\\nIf Man alone engross not Heav n s high care\\nAlone made perfect here, immortal there 120\\nSnatch from His hand the balance and the rod.\\nRe-judge His justice, be the god of God.\\nIn pride, in reas ning pride, our error lies\\nAll quit their sphere, and rush into the skies.\\nPride still is aiming at the blest abodes, 125\\nMen would be angels, angels would be gods.\\nAspiring to be gods, if angels fell,\\nAspiring to be angels, men rebel\\nAnd who but wishes to invert the laws\\nOf Order, sins against th Eternal Cause. 130\\nY. Ask for what end the heav nly bodies shine.\\nEarth for whose use Pride answers, T is for mine\\nFor me kind nature wakes her genial pow r.\\nSuckles such herb, and spreads out ev ry flow r\\nAnnual for me, the grape, the rose renew 135\\nThe juice nectareous, and the balmy dew\\nFor me, the mine a thousand treasures brings\\nFor me, health gushes from a thousand springs\\nSeas roll to waft me, suns to light me rise", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0029.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "22 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nMy footstool earth, my canop}^ the skies. 140\\nBut errs not Nature from this gracious end,\\nFrom burning suns when livid deaths descend,\\nWhen earthquakes swallow, or when tempests sweep\\nTowns to one grave, whole nations to the deep\\nNo t is replied), the first Almighty Cause 145\\nActs not by partial, but by gen ral laws\\nThe exceptions few some change since all began\\nAnd what created perfect Why then Man\\nIf the great end be human happiness,\\nThen nature deviates and can man do less 150\\nAs much that end a constant course requires\\nOf show rs and sunshine, as of man s desires\\nAs much eternal springs and cloudless skies,\\nAs men forever temp rate, calm, and wise.\\nIf plagues or earthquakes break not Heav n s design, 155\\nWhy then a Borgia, or a Catiline\\nWho knows but He, whose hand the lightning forms,\\nWho heaves old ocean, and who wings the storms\\nPours fierce Ambition in a Caesar s mind.\\nOr turns young Ammon loose to scourge mankind 160\\nFrom pride, from pride, our very reas ning springs\\nAccount for moral, as for nat ral things\\nWhy charge we Heav n in those, in these acquit\\nIn both to reason right is to submit.\\nBetter for us, perhaps, it might appear, 165\\nWere there all harmony, all virtue here\\nThat never air or ocean felt the wind\\nThat never passion discomposed the mind.\\nBut all subsists by elemental strife\\nAnd passions are the elements of life. 70\\nThe gen ral order, since the whole began,\\nIs kept in nature, and is kept in man.\\nyi. What would this Man Now upward will he soar,\\nAnd little less than angel, would be more", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0030.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 23\\nNow looking downwards, just as grieved appears 175\\nTo want the strength of bulls, the fur of bears.\\nMade for his use all creatures if he call.\\nSay what their use, had he the pow rs of all\\nNature to these, without profusion, kind,\\nThe proper organs, proper pow rs assigned 180\\nEach seeming want compensated of course.\\nHere with degrees of swiftness, there of force\\nAll in exact proportion to the state\\nNothing to add and nothing to abate. __\\nEach beast, each insect, happy in its own 185\\nIs Heav n unkind to man, and man alone\\nShall he alone, whom rational we call.\\nBe pleased with nothing, if not blessed with all\\nThe bliss of man (could pride that blessing find)\\nIs not to act or think beyond mankind 190\\nNo pow rs of body or of soul to share,\\nBut what his nature and his state can bear.\\nWhy has not man a microscopic eye\\nFor this plain reason, Man is not a fly.\\nSay what the use, were finer optics giv n, 195\\nT inspect a mite, not comprehend the heav n\\nOr touch, if tremblingly alive all o er,\\nTo smart and agonize at ev ry pore\\nOr quick efliiuvia darting through the brain,\\nDie of a rose in aromatic pain 200\\nIf nature thundered in his op ning ears.\\nAnd stunned him with the music of the spheres.\\nHow would he wish that Heav n had left him still\\nThe whisp ring zephyr, and the purling rill\\nWho finds not Providence all good and wise, 205\\nAlike in what it gives, and what denies\\nVII. Far as creation s am})]e range extends,\\nThe scale of sensual, mental pow rs ascends\\nMark how it mounts, to man s imperial race,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0031.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "24 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nFrom the green myriads in the peopled grass 210\\nWhat modes of sight betwixt each wide extreme,\\nThe mole s dim curtain, and the lynx s beam\\nOf smell, the headlong lioness between,\\nAnd hound sagacious on the tainted green\\nOf hearing, from the life that fills the flood, 215\\nTo that Avhich warbles through the vernal wood\\nThe spider s touch, how exquisitely line\\nFeels at each thread, and lives along the line\\nIn the nice bee, what sense so subtly true\\nFrom pois nous herbs extracts the healing dew 220\\nHow instinct varies in the grov lling swine,\\nCompared, half-reas ning elephant, with thine\\nTwixt that, and reason, what a nice barrier,\\nForever sep rate, yet forever near\\nRemembrance and reflection now allied 225\\nWhat thin partitions sense from thought divide\\nAnd middle natures how they long to join,\\nYet never pass th insuperable line\\nWithout this just gradation could they be\\nSubjected, these to those, or all to thee 230\\nThe pow rs of all subdued by thee alone.\\nIs not thy reason all these pow rs in one\\nVIII. See, through this air, this ocean, and this earth,\\nAll matter quick, and bursting into birth.\\nAbove, how high, progressive life may go 235\\nAround, how wide how deep extend below\\nVast chain of being which from God began.\\nNatures ethereal, human, angel, man.\\nBeast, bird, flsh, insect, what no eye can see,\\nNo glass can reach from infinite to thee, 240\\nFrom thee to nothing. On superior pow rs\\nWere we to press, inferior might on ours\\nOr in the full creation leave a void.\\nWhere, one step broken, the great scale s destroyed", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0032.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 25\\nFrom Nature s chain whatever link you strike, 245\\nTenth, or ten thousandth, breaks the chain alike.\\nAnd, if each system in gradation roll\\nAlike essential to th amazing whole,\\nThe least confusion but in one, not all\\nThat system only, but the whole must fall. 250\\nLet earth unbalanced from her orbit fly,\\nPlanets and suns run lawless through the sky\\nLet ruling angels from their spheres be hurled^\\nBeing on being wrecked, and world on world\\nHeav n s whole foundations to their centre nod, 255\\nAnd nature tremble to the throne of God.\\nAll this dread order break for whom for thee\\nVile worm Oh, madness pride impiety\\nIX. What if the foot, ordained the dust to tread.\\nOr hand, to toil, aspired to be the head 2G0\\nWhat if the head, the eye, or ear repined\\nTo serve mere engines to the ruling mind\\nJust as absurd for any part to claim\\nTo be another, in this gen ral frame\\nJust as absurd to mourn the tasks or pains 265\\nThe great directing mind of all ordains.\\nAll are but parts of one stupendous whole.\\nWhose body Nature is, and God the soul\\nThat, changed through all, and yet in all the same\\nGreat in the earth, as in th ethereal frame 270\\nWarms in the sun, refreshes in the breeze.\\nGlows in the stars, and blossoms in the trees.\\nLives through all life, extends through all extent.\\nSpreads undivided operates unspent\\nBreathes in our soul, informs our mortal part, 275\\nAs full, as perfect, in a hair as heart\\nAs full, as perfect, in vile man that mourns,\\nAs the ra})t seraph that adores and burns\\nTo him no high, no low, no great, no small", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0033.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "26 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nHe fills, he bounds, connects, and equals all. 280\\nX. Cease then, nor order imperfection name\\nOur proper bliss depends on what we blame.\\nKnow thy own point this kind, this due degree\\nOf blindness, weakness, Heav n bestows on thee.\\nSubmit. In this, or any other sphere, 285\\nSecure to be as blest as thou canst bear\\nSafe in the hand of one disposing pow r,\\nOr in the natal, or the mortal hour.\\nAll nature is but art, unknown to thee\\nAll chance, direction, which thou canst not see 290\\nAll discord, harmony not understood\\nAll partial evil, universal good\\nAnd, spite of pride, in erring reason s spite,\\nOne truth is clear, Whatever is, is right.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0034.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "ARGUMENT OF EPISTLE II.\\nON THE NATURE AND STATE OF MAN WITH RESPECT TO HIMSELF\\nAS AN INDIVIDUAL.\\nT. The business of man not to pry into God, but to study himself.\\nHis middle nature his powers and frailties, ver. 1-19. The\\nlimits of his capacity, ver. 19, etc. II. The two principles\\nof man, self-love and reason, both necessary, ver. 53, etc,\\nSelf-love the stronger, and why, ver. 67, etc. Their end the\\nsame, ver. 81, etc. III. The passions, and their use, ver.\\n93-130. The predominant passion, and its force, ver. 132-160.\\nIts necessity, in directing men to different purposes, ver. 165,\\netc. Its providential use, in fixing our principle, and ascer-\\ntaining our virtue, ver. 177. IV. Virtue and vice joined in\\nour mixed nature the limits near, yet the things separate\\nand evident What is the office of reason, ver. 202-216. V.\\nHow odious vice in itself, and how we deceive ourselves into\\nit, ver. 217. VI. That, however, the ends of Providence and\\ngeneral good are answered in our passions and imperfections,\\nver. 238, etc. How usefully these are distributed to all orders\\nof men, ver. 241. How useful they are to society, ver. 251.\\nAnd to individuals, ver. 263. In every state, and every age of\\nlife, ver. 273, etc.\\nEPISTLE II.\\nI. Know then thyself, presume not God to scan\\nThe proper study of mankind is man.\\nPlaced on this isthmus of a middle state,\\nA being darkly wise, and rudely great\\nWith too much knowledge for the sceptic side, 5\\nWith too much weakness for the stoic s pride,\\nHe hangs between in doubt to act, or rest\\nIn doubt to deem himself a god, or beast\\n27", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0035.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "28 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nIn (luul)t liis inind or body to prefer\\nBorn Init to die, and reas ning but to err 10\\nAlike in ignorance, liis reason such.\\nWhether he thinks too little, or too much\\nChaos of thought and passion, all confused\\nStill by himself abused, or disabused\\nCreated half to rise and half to fall 15\\nGreat lord of all things, yet a prey to all\\nSole judge of truth, in endless error hurled\\nThe glory, jest, and riddle of the Avorld\\nGo, wondrous creature mount where science guides.\\nGo, measure earth, weigh air, and state the tides 20\\nInstruct the planets in what orbs to run,\\nCorrect old Time, and regulate the sun\\nGo, soar with Plato to th empyreal sphere.\\nTo the first good, first perfect, and first fair\\nOr tread the mazy round his foUow rs trod, 25\\nAnd quitting sense call imitating God\\nAs eastern priests in giddy circles run,\\nAnd turn their heads to imitate the sun.\\nGo, teach Eternal Wisdom how to rule\\nThen drop into thyself, and be a fool 30\\nSuperior beings, when of late they saw\\nA mortal man unfold all nature s law,\\nAdmired such wisdom in an earthly shape.\\nAnd showed a Newton as we show an ape.\\nCould he, whose rules the rapid comet bind, 35\\nDescribe or fix one movement of his mind\\nWho saw its fires here rise, and there descend,\\nExplain his own beginning, or his end\\nAlas, what wonder man s superior part\\nUnchecked may rise, and climb from art to art 40\\nBut when his own great work is but begun.\\nWhat reason weaves, by passion is undone.\\nTrace science then, with modesty thy guide", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0036.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 29\\nFirst stri}* off all her equipage of pride\\nDeduct wliat is but vanity, or dress, 45\\nOr learning s luxury, or idleness\\nOr tricks to show the stretch of human hrain,\\nMere curious pleasure, or ingenious pain\\nExpunge the whole, or lop the excrescent parts\\nOf all our vices have created arts 50\\nThen see how little the remaining sum,\\nWhich served the past, and must the times to come\\nII. Two principles in human nature reign\\nSelf-love, to urge, and reason, to restrain\\nNor this a good, nor that a bad we call, 55\\nEach works its end, to move or gOA^ern all\\nAnd to their proper operation still,\\nAscribe all good to their improper, ill.\\nSelf-love, the spring of motion, acts the soul\\nReason s comparing balance rules the whole. 60\\nMan, but for that, no action could attend.\\nAnd but for this, were active to no end\\nFixed like a plant on his peculiar spot, u^\\nTo draw nutrition, propagate, and rot\\nOr, meteor-like, flame lawless through the void, 65\\nDestroying others, by himself destroyed.\\nMost strength the moving principle requires\\nActive its task, it prompts, impels, inspires.\\nSedate and quiet the comparing lies.\\nFormed but to check, deliberate, and advise. 70\\nSelf-love still stronger, as its objects nigh\\nReason s at distance, and in prospect lie\\nThat sees immediate good by present sense\\nReason, the future and the consequence.\\nThicker than arguments, temptations throng, 75\\nAt best more watchful this, but that more strong.\\nThe action of the stronger to suspend.\\nReason still use, to reason still attend.\\ne", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0037.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "80 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nAttention, habit and experience gains\\nEach strengthens reason, and self-love restrains. 80\\nLet subtle schoolmen teach these friends to light,\\nMore studious to divide than to unite\\nAnd grace and virtue, sense and reason split,\\nWith all the rash dexterity of wit.\\nWits, just like fools, at war about a name, 85\\nHave full as oft no meaning, or the same.\\nSelf-love and reason to one end aspire.\\nPain their aversion, pleasure their desire\\nBut greedy that, its object would devour.\\nThis taste the honey, and not wound the flow r 90\\nPleasure, or wrong or rightly understood,\\nOur greatest evil, or our greatest good.\\nIII. Modes of self-love the passions we may call\\nT is real good, or seeming, moves them all\\nBut since not ev ry good we can divide, 95\\nAnd reason bids us for our own provide\\nPassions, though selfish, if their means be fair,\\nList under reason, and deserve her care\\nThose, that imparted, court a nobler aim.\\nExalt their kind, and take some virtue s name. 100\\nIn lazy apathy let Stoics boast\\nTheir virtue fixed t is fixed as in a frost\\nContracted all, retiring to the breast\\nBut strength of mind is exercise, not rest\\nThe rising tempest puts in act the soul, 105\\nParts it may ravage, but preserves the whole.\\nOn life s vast ocean diversely we sail.\\nReason the card, but passion is the gale\\nNor God alone in the still calm we find,\\nHe mounts the storm, and walks upon the wind. 110\\nPassions, like elements, though born to fight.\\nYet, mixed and softened, in His work unite\\nThese t is enough to temper and employ", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0038.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 31\\nBut what composes man, can man destroy\\nSufiice tliat reason keep to Nature s road, 115\\nSubject, compound them, follow her and God.\\nLove, hope, and joy, fair pleasure s smiling train.\\nHate, fear, and grief, the family of pain,\\nThese mixed with art, and to due bounds confined.\\nMake and maintain the balance of the mind 120\\nThe lights and shades, whose well-accorded strife\\nGives all the strength and color of our life.\\nPleasures are ever in our hands or eyes\\nAnd when in act they cease, in prospect rise\\nPresent to grasp, and future still to find, 125\\nThe w^hole employ of body and of mind.\\nAll spread their charms, but charm not all alike\\nOn diff rent senses diif rent objects strike\\nHence diif rent passions more or less inflame.\\nAs strong or weak the organs of the frame. 130\\nAnd hence one Master Passion in the breast,\\nLike Aaron s serpent, swallows up the rest.\\nAs man, perhaps, the moment of his breath.\\nReceives the lurking principle of death\\nThe young disease, that must subdue at length, 135\\nGrows with his growth, and strengthens with his strength\\nSo, cast and mingled with his very frame.\\nThe mind s disease, its ruling j^assion came\\nEach vital humor which should feed the whole.\\nSoon flow^s to this, in body and in soul 140\\nWhatever warms the heart, or fills the head,\\nAs the mind opens and its functions spread,\\nImagination plies her dang rous art,\\nAnd pours it all upon the peccant part.\\nNature its mother, habit is its nurse 145\\nWit, spirit, faculties, but make it worse\\nReason itself but gives it edge and pow r\\nAs heav n s blest beam turns vinegar more sour.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0039.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "32 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nWe, wretched subjects, though to lawful sway,\\nIn this weak queen some fav rite still obey 150\\nAh if she lend not arms, as well as rules,\\nWhat can she more than tell us we are fools\\nTeach us to mourn our nature, not to mend,\\nA sharp accuser, but a helpless friend\\nOr from a judge turn pleader, to persuade 155\\nThe choice we make, or justify it made\\nProud of an easy conquest all along.\\nShe but removes weak passions for the strong\\nSo, when small humors gather to a gout.\\nThe doctor fancies he has driv n them out. 160\\nYes, Nature s road must ever be preferred\\nReason is here no guide, but still a guard\\nT is hers to rectify, not overthrow.\\nAnd treat this passion more as friend than foe\\nA mightier pow r the strong direction sends, 165\\nAnd sev ral men impels to sev ral ends\\nLike varying winds, by other passions tost.\\nThis drives them constant to a certain coast.\\nLet pow r or knowledge, gold or glory, please.\\nOr (oft more strong than all) the love of ease 170\\nThrough life tis followed, ev n at life s expense\\nThe merchant s toil, the sage s indolence.\\nThe monk s humility, the hero s pride.\\nAll, all alike, find reason on their side.\\nTh Eternal Art educing good from ill, 175\\nGrafts on this passion our best principle\\nT is thus the mercury of man is fixed.\\nStrong grows the virtue with his nature mixed\\nThe dross cements what else were too refined.\\nAnd in one int rest body acts with mind. 180\\nAs fruits, ungrateful to the planter s care.\\nOn savage stocks inserted, learn to bear\\nThe surest virtues thus from passions shoot,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0040.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 38\\nWild ii;iture\\\\s vigor working at the root.\\nWhat crops of wit and honesty appear 185\\nFrom si)leen, from obstinacy, liate, or fear\\nSee anger, zeal and fortitude supply\\nEv n av rice, prudence sloth, philosophy\\nLust, through some certain strainers well refined,\\nIs gentle love, and charms all womankind 100\\nEnvy, to which th ignoble mind s a slave.\\nIs emulation in the learn d or brave\\nNor virtue, male or female, can we name.\\nBut what will grow on pride, or grow on shame.\\nThus nature gives us (let it check our pride) 195\\nThe virtue nearest to our vice allied\\nReason the bias turns to good from ill.\\nAnd Nero reigns a Titus, if he will.\\nThe fiery soul abhorred in Catiline,\\nIn Decius charms, in Curtius is divine 200\\nThe same ambition can destroy or save.\\nAnd makes a patriot as it makes a knave.\\nThis light and darkness in our chaos joined.\\nWhat shall divide The God within the mind\\nExtremes in nature equal ends produce, 205\\nIn man they join to some mysterious use\\nThough each by turns the other s bound invade.\\nAs, in some well-wrought picture, light and shade,\\nAnd oft so mix, the diff rence is too nice\\nWhere ends the virtue, or begins the vice. 210\\nFools who from hence into the notion fall.\\nThat vice or virtue there is none at all.\\nIf white and black blend, soften and unite\\nA thousand ways, is there no black or white\\nAsk your own heart, and nothing is so plain 215\\nT is to mistake them, costs the time and pain.\\nVice is a monster of so frightful mien, j/\\nAs, to be hated, needs but to be seen", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0041.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "84 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nYet seen too oft, familiar with her face,\\nWe first endure, then pity, then embrace. 220\\nBut where th extreme of vice, was ne er agreed\\nAsk where s the north at York, t is on the Tweed\\nIn Scotland, at the Orcades and there,\\nAt Greenland, Zembla, or the Lord knows where.\\nNo creature owns it in the first degree, 225\\nBut thinks his neighbor further gone tlian he\\nEv n those who dwell beneath its very zone,\\nOr never feel the rage, or never own\\nWhat happier natures shrink at with affright.\\nThe hard inhabitant contends is right. 230\\nVirtuous and vicious ev ry man must be.\\nFew in th extreme, but all in the degree\\nThe rogue and fool by fits is fair and wise\\nAnd ev n the best, by fits, what they despise.\\nT is but by parts we follow good or ill 235\\nFor, vice or virtue, self directs it still\\nEach individual seeks a sev ral goal\\nBut Heav n s great view is one, and that the whole.\\nThat counter-works each folly and caprice\\nThat disappoints th effect of ev ry vice 240\\nThat, happy frailties to all ranks applied.\\nShame to the virgin, to the matron pride.\\nFear to the statesman, rashness to the chief,\\nTo kings presumption, and to crowds belief\\nThat, virtue s ends from vanity can raise, 245\\nWhich seeks no int rest, no reward but praise\\nAnd build on wants, and on defects of mind.\\nThe joy, the peace, the glory of mankind.\\nHeav n forming each on other to depend,\\nA master, or a servant, or a friend, 250\\nBids each on other for assistance call.\\nTill one man s weakness grows the strength of all.\\nWants, frailties, passions, closer still ally", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0042.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 35\\nThe common int rest, or endear the tie.\\nTo these we owe true friendship, love sincere, 255\\nEach home-felt joy that life inherits here\\nYet from the same we learn, in its decline,\\nThose joys, those loves, those int rests to resign\\nTaught half by reason, half by mere decay.\\nTo welcome death, and calmly pass away. 260\\nAVhate er the passion, knowledge, fame, or pelf,\\nNot one will change his neighbor with himself.\\nThe learn d is happy nature to explore,\\nThe fool is happy and he knows no more\\nThe rich is happy in the plenty giv n, 265\\nThe poor contents him with the care of Heav n.\\nSee the blind beggar dance, the cripple sing.\\nThe sot a hero, lunatic a king\\nThe starving chemist in his golden views\\nSupremely blest, the poet in his muse. 270\\nSee some strange comfort ev ry state attend,\\nAnd pride bestowed on all, a common friend\\nSee some fit passion ev ry age supply,\\nHope travels through, nor quits us when we die.\\nBehold the child, by Nature s kindly law, 275\\nPleased with a rattle, tickled with a straw\\nSome livelier play-thing gives his youth delight,\\nA little louder, but as empty quite\\nScarfs, garters, gold, amuse his riper stage.\\nAnd beads and pray r-books are the toys of age 280\\nPleased with this bauble still, as that before\\nTill tired he sleeps, and life s poor play is o er.\\nMeanwhile opinion gilds with varying rays\\nThose painted clouds that beautify our days\\nEach want of happiness by hope supplied, 285\\nAnd each vacuity of sense by pride\\nThese build as fast as knowledge can destroy\\nIn folly s cup still laughs the bubble, joy", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0043.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "86 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nOne prospect lost, another still we gain,\\nAnd not a vanity is giv n in vain 290\\nEv n mean self-love becomes, by force divine,\\nThe scale to measure others wants by thine.\\nSee and confess, one comfort still must rise,\\nT is this, Though man s a fool, yet God is wise.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0044.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "ARGUMENT OF EPISTLE III.\\nOF THE NATURE AND STATE OF MAN WITH RESPECT TO SOCIETY.\\nI. The whole universe one system of Society, ver. 7, etc. Nothing\\nmade wholly for itself, nor yet wholly for another, ver. 27.\\nThe happiness of animals mutual, ver. 49. II. Reason or in-\\nstinct operates alike to the good of each individual, ver. 79.\\nReason or instinct operates also to society, in all animals, ver.\\n109. III. How far Society carried by instinct, ver. 115.\\nHow much further by Reason, ver. 128. IV. Of that which\\nis called the State of Nature, ver. 144. Reason instructed by\\nInstinct in the invention of Arts, ver. 166, and in the Forms of\\nSociety, ver. 176. V. Origin of Political Societies, ver. 196.\\nOrigin of Monarchy, ver. 207. Patriarchal Government, ver.\\n212. VI. Origin of true Religion and Government, from the\\nsame principle, of Love, ver. 231, etc. Origin of Superstition\\nand Tyranny, from the same principle, of Fear, ver. 237, etc.\\nThe influence of Self-love operating to the social and public\\nGood, ver. 266. Restoration of true Religion and Government\\non their first principle, ver. 285. Mixed Government, ver. 288.\\nVarious Forms of each, and the true end of all, ver. 300, etc.\\nEPISTLE III.\\nHere then we rest The Universal Cause\\nActs to one end, but acts by various laws.\\nIn all the madness of superfluous health,\\nThe trim of pride, the impudence of wealth,\\nLet this great truth be present night and day 5\\nBut most be present, if we preach or pray.\\nLook round our world behold the chain of love\\nCombining all below and all above.\\nSee plastic Nature working to this end,\\nThe single atoms each to other tend, 10\\n37", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0045.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "38 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nAttract, attracted to, the next in place\\nFormed and impelled its neighbor to embrace.\\nSee matter next, with various life endued.\\nPress to one centre still, the gen ral good.\\nSee dying vegetables life sustain, 15\\nSee life dissolving vegetate again\\nAll forms that perish other forms supply,\\n(By turns we catch the vital breath, and die,)\\nLike bubbles on the sea of matter born,\\nThey rise, they break, and to that sea return. 20\\nNothing is foreign parts relate to whole\\nOne all-extending, all-preserving soul\\nConnects each being, greatest with the least\\nMade beast in aid of man, and man of beast\\nAll served, all serving nothing stands alone 25\\nThe chain holds on, and where it ends, unknown.\\nHas God, thou fool worked solely for thy good,\\nThy joy, thy pastime, thy attire, thy food\\nWho for thy table feeds the wanton fawn.\\nFor him as kindly spread the flow ry lawn 30\\nIs it for thee the lark ascends and sings\\nJoy tunes his voice, joy elevates his wings.\\nIs it for thee the linnet pours his throat\\nLoves of his own and raptures swell the note.\\nThe bounding steed you pompously bestride, 35\\nShares with his lord the pleasure and the pride.\\nIs thine alone the seed that strews the plain\\nThe birds of heav n shall vindicate their grain.\\nThine the full harvest of the golden year\\nPart pays, and justly, the deserving steer 40\\nThe hog, that ploughs not, nor obeys thy call.\\nLives on the labors of this lord of all.\\nKnow, Nature s children all divide her care\\nThe fur that warms a monarch, warmed a bear.\\nWhile man exclaims, See all things for my use 45", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0046.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "ES8AY ON MAN. 39\\nSee iiuiii for mine replies a pampered goose\\nAnd just as short of reason he must fall,\\nWho thinks all made for one, not one for all.\\nGrant that the pow rful still the weak control\\nBe man the wit and tyrant of the whole 50\\nNature that tyrant checks he only knows.\\nAnd helps, another creature s wants and woes.\\nSay, will the falcon, stooping from above,\\nSmit with her varying plumage, spare the dove V\\nAdmires the jay the insect s gilded wings 55\\nOr hears the hawk when Philomela sings\\nMan cares for all to birds he gives his woods.\\nTo beasts his pastures, and to fish his floods\\nFor some his int rest prompts him to provide.\\nFor more his pleasure, yet for more his pride 60\\nAll feed on one vain patron, and enjoy\\nTh extensive blessing of his luxury.\\nThat very life his learned hunger craves.\\nHe saves from famine, from the savage saves\\nNay, feasts the animal he dooms his feast, 65\\nAnd, till he ends the being, makes it blest\\nWhich sees no more the stroke, or feels the pain.\\nThan favored man by touch ethereal slain.\\nThe creature had his feast of life before\\nThou too must perish, when thy feast is o er 70\\nTo each unthinking being Heav n, a friend.\\nGives not the useless knowledge of its end\\nTo man imparts it but with such a view\\nAs, while he dreads it, makes him hope it too\\nThe hour concealed, and so remote the fear, 75\\nDeath still draws nearer, never seeming near.\\nGreat standing miracle that Heav n assigned\\nIts only thinking thing this turn of mind.\\nII. Whether with reason or with instinct blest.\\nKnow, all enjoy that pow r which suits them best 80", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0047.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "40 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nTo bliss alike by that direction tend,\\nAnd find the means proportioned to their end.\\nSay, where full instinct is th unerring guide,\\nWhat Pope or council can they need beside\\nReason, however able, cool at best, 85\\nCares not for service, or but serves when prest,\\nStays till we call, and then not often near\\nBut honest Instinct comes a volunteer.\\nSure never to o er-shoot, but just to hit\\nWhile still too wide or short is human wit 90\\nSure by quick nature happiness to gain.\\nWhich heavier reason labors at in vain.\\nThis too serves always, reason never long\\nOne must go right, the other may go Avrong.\\nSee then the acting and comparing ])Ow rs 95\\nOne in their nature, which are two in ours\\nAnd reason raise o er instinct as you can,\\nIn this t is God directs, in that t is man.\\nWho taught the nations of the field and wood\\nTo shun their poison, and to choose their food 100\\nPrescient, the tides or tempests to withstand.\\nBuild on the wave, or arch beneath the sand\\nWho made the spider parallels design,\\nSure as Demoivre, withovit rule or line\\nWho did the stork, Columbus-like explore 105\\nHeav ns not his own, and worlds unknown before\\nWho calls the council, states the certain day,\\nWho forms the phalanx, and who points the way\\nIII. God in the nature of each being founds\\nIts proper bliss, and sets its proper bounds 110\\nBut as He framed a whole, the whole to bless.\\nOn mutual wants built mutual happiness\\nSo from the first eternal order ran.\\nAnd creature linked to creature, man to man.\\nWhate er of life all quick ning ether keeps, 115", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0048.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 41\\nOr breathes tliroiigli air, or shoots beneath the deeps,\\nOr pours profuse on earth, one nature feeds\\nThe vital flame, and swells the genial seeds.\\nNot man alone, but all that roam the wood.\\nOr wing the sky, or roll along the flood, 120\\nEach loves itself, but not itself alone.\\nEach sex desires alike, till two are one.\\nNor ends the pleasure with the fierce embrace\\nThey love themselves, a third time, in their race.\\nThus beast and bird their common charge attend, 125\\nThe mothers nurse it, and the sires defend\\nThe young dismissed to wander earth or air,\\nThere stops the instinct, and there ends the care\\nThe link dissolves, each seeks a fresh embrace.\\nAnother love succeeds, another race. 130\\nA longer care man s helpless kind demands\\nThat longer care contracts more lasting bands\\nReflection, reason, still the ties improve.\\nAt once extend the int rest, and the love\\nWith choice we fix, with sympathy we burn 135\\nEach virtue in each passion takes its turn\\nAnd still new needs, new helps, new habits rise.\\nThat graft benevolence on charities.\\nStill as one brood, and as another rose,\\nThese nat ral love maintained, habitual those 140\\nThe last, scarce ripened into perfect man.\\nSaw helpless him from whom their life began\\nMem ry and forecast just returns engage.\\nThat pointed back to youth, this on to age\\nWhile pleasure, gratitude, and hope combined, 145\\nStill spread the int rest, and preserved the kind.\\nIV. Nor think, in Nature s state they blindly trod\\nThe state of Nature was the reign of God\\nSelf-love and Social at her birth began.\\nUnion the bond of all things, and of man. 150", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0049.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "42 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nPride then was not nor arts, that pride to aid\\nMan walked with beast, joint tenant of the shade\\nThe same his table, and the same his bed\\nNo murder clothed him, and no murder fed.\\nIn the same temple, the resounding wood, 155\\nAll vocal beings hymned their equal God\\nThe shrine with gore unstained, with gold undrest,\\nITnbribed, unbloody, stood the blameless priest\\nHeav n s attribute was Universal Care,\\nAnd man s prerogative to rule, but spare. 160\\nAh how unlike the man of times to come\\nOf half that live the butcher and the tomb\\nWho, foe to nature, hears the gen ral groan.\\nMurders their species and betrays his own.\\nBut just disease to luxury succeeds, 165\\nAnd ev ry death its own avenger breeds\\nThe fury-passions from that blood began.\\nAnd turned on man a fiercer savage, Man.\\nSee him from nature rising slow to art\\nTo copy instinct then was reason s part 170\\nThus then to man the voice of Nature spake\\nGo, from the creatures thy instructions take\\nLearn from the birds what food the thickets yield\\nLearn from the beasts the physic of the field\\nThy arts of building from the bee receive 175\\nLearn of the mole to plough, the worm to weave\\nLearn of the little nautilus to sail,\\nSpread the thin oar, and catch the driving gale.\\nHere too all forms of social union find.\\nAnd hence let reason, late, instruct mankind 180\\nHere subterranean works and cities see\\nThere towns aerial on the waving tree.\\nLearn each small })eople s genius, policies.\\nThe ant s republic, and the realm of bees\\nHow those in common all their wealth bestow, 185", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0050.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 43\\nAnd anarchy without confusion know\\nAnd these forever, though a monarch reign,\\nTheir sep rate cells and properties maintain.\\nMark what unvaried laws preserve each state,\\nLaws wise as nature, and as fixed as fate. 190\\nIn vain thy reason finer webs shall draw.\\nEntangle justice in her net of law.\\nAnd right, too rigid, harden into wrong,\\nStill for the strong too weak, the weak too strong.\\nYet go and thus o er all the creatures sway, 195\\nThus let the wiser make the rest obey\\nAnd, for those arts mere instinct could afford.\\nBe crowned as monarchs, or as gods adored.\\nV. Great Nature spoke observant man obeyed\\nCities were built, societies were made 200\\nHere rose one little state another near\\nGrew by like means, and joined, through love or fear.\\nDid here the trees with ruddier burdens bend.\\nAnd there the streams in purer rills descend\\nWhat war could ravish, commerce could bestow, 205\\nAnd he returned a friend, who came a foe.\\nConverse and love mankind might strongly draw,\\nWhen love was liberty, and Nature law.\\nThus states were formed the name of king unknown,\\nTill common int rest placed the sway in one. 210\\nTwas Virtue only (or in arts or arms.\\nDiffusing blessings, or averting harms).\\nThe same which in a sire the sons obeyed,\\nA prince the father of a people made.\\nVI. Till then, by Nature crowned, each patriarch 215\\nsate,\\nKing, priest, and parent of his growing state\\nOn him, their second Providence, they hung.\\nTheir law his eye, their oracle his tongue.\\nlie from the wand ring furrow called the food,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0051.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "44 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nTaught to command the fire, control the flood, 220\\nDraw fortli tlie monsters of th abyss profound,\\nOr fetch th aerial eagle to the ground.\\nTill, drooping, sick ning, dying, they began\\nWhom they revered as God to mourn as man\\nThen, looking up from sire to sire, explored 225\\nOne great first Father, and that first adored.\\nOr plain tradition that this all begun.\\nConveyed unbroken faith from sire to son\\nThe worker from the work distinct was known,\\nAnd simple reason never sought but one 230\\nEre wit oblique had broke that steady light,\\nMan, like his Maker, saw that all was right\\nTo virtue, in the paths of pleasure, trod.\\nAnd owned a father when he owned a God.\\nLove all the faith, and all th allegiance then 235\\nFor Nature knew no right divine in men.\\nNo ill could fear in God and understood\\nA Sov reign Being but a sov reign good.\\nTrue faith, true policy, united ran,\\nThis was but love of God, and this of man. 240\\nWho first taught souls enslaved, and realms undone,\\nTh enormous faith of many made for one\\nThat proud exception to all Nature s laws,\\nT invert the world, and counter work its cause\\nForce first made conquest, and that conquest, law 245\\nTill Superstition taught the tyrant awe.\\nThen shared the tyranny, then lent it aid,\\nAnd gods of conqu rors, slaves of subjects made\\nShe, midst the lightning s blaze, and thunder s sound.\\nWhen rocked the mountains, and when groaned the 250\\nground,\\nShe taught the weak to bend, the proud to pray.\\nTo pow r unseen, and mightier far than they\\nShe, from the rending earth and bursting skies.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0052.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 45\\nSaw gods descend, and fiends infernal rise\\nHere fix d the dreadful, there the blest abodes 255\\nFear made her devils, and weak hope her gods\\nGods partial, changeful, passionate, unjust.\\nWhose attributes were rage, revenge, or lust\\nSuch as the souls of cowards might conceive,\\nAnd, formed like tyrants, tyrants would believe. 260\\nZeal then, not charity, became the guide\\nAnd hell was built on spite, and heav n on pride.\\nThen sacred seemed th ethereal vault no more\\nAltars grew marble then, and reeked with gore\\nThen first the Flamen tasted living food 265\\nNext his grim idol smeared with human blood\\nWith heav n s own thunders shook the world below.\\nAnd played the god an engine on his foe.\\nSo drives self-love, through just and through unjust.\\nTo one man s pow r, ambition, lucre, lust 270\\nThe same self-love, in all, becomes the cause\\nOf Avhat restrains him, government and laws.\\nFor, what one likes if others like as well,\\nWhat serves one will, when many wills rebel\\nIIow shall he keep, what, sleeping or awake, 275\\nA weaker may surprise, a stronger take\\nHis safety must his liberty restrain\\nAll join to guard what each desires to gain.\\nForced into virtue thus by self-defence,\\nEv n kings learned justice and benevolence 280\\nSelf-love forsook the path it first pursued.\\nAnd found the private in the public good.\\nT was then, the studious head or gen rous mind,\\nFoUow r of God or friend of human kind.\\nPoet or Patriot, rose but to restore 285\\nThe faith and moral Nature gave before\\nRelumed her ancient light, not kindled new\\nIf not God s image, yet His shadow drew", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0053.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "46 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nTaught pow r s due use to people and to kings,\\nTaught nor to slack, nor strain its tender strings, 290\\nThe less, or greater, set so justly true.\\nThat touching one must strike the other too\\nTill jarring int rests, of themselves create\\nTh according music of a well-mixed state.\\nSuch is the world s great harmony that springs 295\\nFrom order, union, full consent of things\\nWhere small and great, where weak and mighty, made\\nTo serve, not suffer, strengthen, not invade\\nMore pow rful each as needful to the rest.\\nAnd, in proportion as it blesses, blest 300\\nDraw to one point, and to one centre bring\\nBeast, man, or angel, servant, lord, or king.\\nFor forms of government let fools contest\\nWhate er is best administered is best\\nFor modes of faith let graceless zealots light 305\\nHis can t l)e wrong whose life is in the right\\nIn Faith and Hope the world will disagree.\\nBut all mankind s concern is Charity\\nAll must be false that thwart this one great end,\\nAnd all of God, that bless mankind or mend. 310\\nMan, like the gen rous vine, supported lives\\nThe strength he gains is from th embrace he gives.\\nOn their own axis as the planets run,\\nYet make at once their circle round the sun\\nSo two consistent motions act the soul 315\\nAnd one regards itself, and one the whole.\\nThus God and Nature linked the gen ral frame,\\nAnd bade Self-love and Social be the same.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0054.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "ARGUMENT OF EPISTLE IV.\\nOF THE NATURE AND STATE OF MAN WITH RESPECT TO HAPPINESS.\\nI. False notions of happiness, philosophical and popular, answered\\nfrom ver. 19 to 27.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 II. It is the end of all men, and attainable\\nby all, ver. 30. God intends happiness to be equal and to be\\nso, it must be social, since all particular happiness depends on\\ngeneral, and since He governs by general, not particular laws,\\nver. 37. As it is necessary for order, and the peace and\\nwelfare of society, that external goods should be unequal,\\nhappiness is not made to consist in these, ver. 51. But, not-\\nwithstanding that inequality, the balance of happiness among\\nmankind is kept even by Providence, by the two passions of\\nhope and fear, ver. 70.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 III. What the happiness of individu-\\nals is, as far as is consistent with the constitution of this\\nworld and that the good man has here the advantage, ver.\\n77. The error of imputing to virtue what are only the calami-\\nties of nature, or of fortune, ver. 94.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 IV. The folly of ex-\\npecting that God should alter His general laws in favor of\\nparticulars, ver. 121.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 V. That we are not judges who are\\ngood but that, whoever they are, they must be happiest, ver.\\n133, etc.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 VI. That external goods are not the proper rewards,\\nbut often inconsistent with, or destructive of virtue, ver. 165.\\nThat even these can make no man happy without virtue\\ninstanced in riches, ver, 183. Honors, ver. 191. Nobihty,\\nver. 203. Greatness, ver. 215. Fame, ver. 235. Superior tal-\\nents, ver. 257, etc. With pictures of human infehcity in men\\npossessed of them all, ver. 267, etc.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 VII. That virtue only\\nconstitutes a happiness, whose object is universal, and whose\\nprospect eternal, ver. 307, etc. That the perfection of virtue\\nand happiness consists in a conformity to the order of Provi-\\ndence here, and a resignation to it here and hereafter, ver.\\n326, etc.\\nEPISTLE IV.\\nO Happiness our being s end and aim\\nGood, Pleasure, Ease, Content, whate er thy name\\n47", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0055.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "48 ATiEXANDER POPE.\\nTliat something still which prompts th eternal sigh,\\nFor which we beai to live, or dare to die.\\nWhich still so near us, yet beyond us lies, 5\\nO erlooked, seen double, by the fool and wise.\\nPlant of celestial seed if dropt below,\\nSay, in what mortal soil thou deign st to grow\\nFair op ning to some Court s propitious shine.\\nOr deep with di monds in the flaming mine 10\\nTwined with the wreaths Parnassian laurels yield.\\nOr reaped in iron harvests of the field\\nWhere grows where grows it not If vain our toil,\\nWe ought to blame the culture, not the soil\\nFixed to no spot is happiness sincere, 15\\nT is nowhere to be found, or ev ry where\\nT is never to be bought, but always free.\\nAnd fled from monarchs, St. John dwells with thee.\\nAsk of the learned the way The learned are blind\\nThis bids to serve, and that to shun mankind 20\\nSome place the bliss in action, some in ease.\\nThose call it pleasure, and contentment these\\nSome sunk to beasts, find pleasure end in pain\\nSome swelled to gods, confess e en virtue vain\\nOr indolent, to each extreme they fall, 25\\nTo trust in ev ry thing, or doubt of all.\\nWho thus define it, say they more or less\\nThan this, that happiness is happiness\\nTake Nature s path, and mad opinion s leave\\nAll states can reach it, and all heads conceive 30\\nObvious her goods, in no extreme they dwell\\nThere needs but thinking right and meaning well\\nAnd mourn our various portions as we please,\\nEqual is common sense, and common ease.\\nRemember, man, the Universal Cause 35\\nActs not by partial, but by gen ral laws\\nAnd makes what happiness we justly call", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0056.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 49\\nSubsist not in the good of one, but all.\\nThere s not a blessing individuals lind,\\nBut some way leans and hearkens to the kind 40\\nNo bandit fierce, no tyrant mad with pride,\\nNo cavern d hermit, rests self-satisfied\\nWho most to shun or hate mankind pretend,\\nSeek an admirer, or would fix a friend\\nAbstract what others feel, what others think, 45\\nAll pleasures sicken, and all glories sink\\nEach has his share and who would more obtain.\\nShall find the pleasure pays not half the pain.\\nOrder is heav n s first law and this confest.\\nSome are, and must be, greater than the rest, 50\\nMore rich, more wise but who infers from hence\\nThat such are happier, shocks all common sense.\\nHeav n to mankind impartial we confess.\\nIf all are equal in their happiness\\nBut mutual wants this happiness increase 55\\nAll Nature s diff rence keeps all Nature s peace.\\nCondition, circumstance is not the thing\\nBliss is the same in subject or in king.\\nIn who obtain defence, or who defend.\\nIn him who is, or him who finds a friend 60\\nHeav n breathes through ev ry member of the whole\\nOne common blessing, as one common soul.\\nBut fortune s gifts if each alike possest.\\nAnd each were equal, must not all contest\\nIf then to all men happiness was meant, 65\\nGod in externals could not place content.\\nFortune her gifts may variously dispose.\\nAnd these be happy called, unhappy those\\nBut Ileav n s just balance equal will appear,\\nWhile those are placed in hope, and these in fear 70\\nNot present good or ill, the joy or curse.\\nBut future views of better, or of worse.\\n4", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0057.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "50 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nO sons of earth attempt ye still to rise,\\nBy mountains piled on mountains, to the skies\\nHeav n still with laughter the vain toil surveys, 75\\nAnd buries madmen in the heaps they raise.\\nKnow, all the good that individuals find,\\nOr God and Nature meant to mere mankind,\\nReason s whole pleasure, all the joys of sense.\\nLie in three words, health, peace, and competence. 80\\nBut health consists with temperance alone\\nAnd Peace, O Virtue Peace is all thy own.\\nThe good or bad the gifts of fortune gain\\nBut these less taste them, as they worse obtain.\\nSay, in pursuit of profit or delight, 85\\nWho risk the most, that take wrong means, or right\\nOf vice or virtue, whether blest or curst.\\nWhich meets contempt, or which compassion first\\nCount all th advantage prosp rous vice attains,\\nT is but what virtue flies from and disdains 90\\nAnd grant the bad what happiness they would,\\nOne they must want, which is to pass for good.\\nOh, blind to truth, and God s whole scheme below.\\nWho fancy bliss to vice, to virtue woe\\nWho sees and follows that great scheme the best, 95\\nBest knov/s the blessing, and will most be blest.\\nBut fools the good alone unhappy call,\\nFor ills or accidents that chance to all.\\nSee, Falkland dies, the virtuous and the just\\nSee god-like Turenne prostrate on the dust 100\\nSee Sidney bleeds amid the martial strife\\nWas this their virtue, or contempt of life\\nSay, was it virtue, more though Heav n ne er gave.\\nLamented Digby sunk thee to the grave\\nTell me, if virtue made the son expire, 105\\nWhy, full of days and honor, lives the sire\\nWhy drew Marseilles good bishop purer breath.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0058.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 51\\nWhen nature sickened, and, each gale was death\\nOr why so long (in life if long can be)\\nLent Heav n a parent to the poor and me 110\\nWhat makes all physical or moral ill\\nThere deviates Nature, and here wanders Will.\\nGod sends not ill if rightly understood,\\nOr partial ill is universal good.\\nOr change admits, or Nature lets it fall 115\\nShort, and but rare, till Man improved it all.\\nWe just as wisely might of Heav n complain\\nThat righteous Abel was destroyed by Cain,\\nAs that the virtuous son is ill at ease\\nWhen his lewd father gave the dire disease. 120\\nThink we, like some weak prince, th Eternal Cause\\nProne for his fav rites to reverse his laws\\nShall burning ^tna, if a sage requires.\\nForget to thunder, and recall her fires\\nOn air or sea new motions be imprest, 125\\nOh, blameless Bethel to relieve thy breast\\nWhen the loose mountain trembles from on high.\\nShall gravitation cease, if you go by\\nOr some old temple, nodding to its fall.\\nFor Chart res head reserve the hanging wall 130\\nBut still this world (so fitted for the knave)\\nContents us not. A better shall we have\\nA kingdom of the just then let it be\\nBut first consider how those just agree.\\nThe good must merit God s peculiar care 135\\nBut who, but God, can tell us who they are\\nOne thinks on Calvin Heav n s own spirit fell\\nAnother deems him instrument of hell\\nIf Calvin feel Heav n s blessing, or its rod,\\nThis cries there is, and that, there is no God. 140\\nWhat shocks one part will edify the rest,\\nNor with one system can they all be blest.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0059.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "52 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nThe very best Avill variously, incline,\\nAnd what rewards your virtue, punish mine.\\nWhatever is, is right. This world, t is true, 145\\nWas made for Ciesar but for Titus too\\nAnd which more blest who chained his country, say,\\nOr he whose virtue sighed to lose a day\\nBut sometimes virtue starves, while vice is fed.\\nWhat then Is the reward of virtue bread 150\\nThat, vice may merit, t is the price of toil\\nThe knave deserves it, when he tills the soil.\\nThe knave deserves it, when he tempts the main,\\nWhere folly fights for kings, or dives for gain.\\nThe good man may be weak, be indolent 155\\nNor is his claim to plenty, but content.\\nBut grant him riches, your demand is o er\\nNo shall the good want health, the good want pow r\\nAdd health, and pow r, and every earthly thing, 160\\nWhy bounded pow r why private why no king\\nNay, why external for internal giv n\\nWhy is not man a god, and earth a heav n\\nWho ask and reason thus, will scarce conceive\\nGod gives enough, while He has more to give\\nImmense the pow r, immense were the demand 165\\nSay, at what part of nature wall they stand\\nWhat nothing earthly gives, or can destroy.\\nThe soul s calm sunshine, and the heartfelt joy,\\nIs virtue s prize. A better would you fix\\nThen give humility a coach and six, 170\\nJustice a conqu ror s sword, or truth a gown.\\nOr public spirit its great cure, a crown.\\nWeak, foolish man will Heav n reward us there\\nWith the same trash mad mortals wish for here\\nThe boy and man an individual makes, 175\\nYet sigh st thou now for apples and for cakes\\nGo, like the Indian, in another life", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0060.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 53\\nExpect thy dog, tliy bottle, and tliy wife\\nAs well as dream such trifles are assigned,\\nAs toys and empires, for a god-like mind. 180\\nRewards, that either would to virtue bring\\nNo joy, or be destructive of the thing\\nHow oft by these at sixty are undone\\nThe virtues of a saint at twenty-one\\nTo whom can riches give repute, or trust, 185\\nContent, or pleasure, but the good and just?\\nJudges and senates have been bought for gold.\\nEsteem and love were never to be sold.\\nfool to think God hates the worth}^ mind.\\nThe lover and the love of humankind, 190\\nWhose life is healthful, and whose conscience clear,\\nBecause he wants a thousand pounds a year.\\nHonor and shame from no condition rise\\nAct well your part, there all the honor lies.\\nFortune in men has some small diff rence made, 195\\nOne flaunts in rags, one flutters in brocade\\nThe cobbler aproned, and the parson gowned,\\nThe friar hooded, and the monarch crowned.\\nWhat differ more (you cry) than crown and cowl\\n1 11 tell you, friend a wise man and a fool. 200\\nYou 11 find, if once the monarch acts the monk,\\nOr, cobbler-like, the parson will be drunk.\\nWorth makes the man, and want of it, the fellow\\nThe rest is all but leather or prunella.\\nStuck o er with titles and hung round with strings, 205\\nThat thou niay st be by kings, or whores of kings.\\nBoast the pure blood of an illustrious race.\\nIn quiet flow from Lucrece to Lucrece\\nBut by your fathers worth if yours you rate.\\nCount me those only who were good and great. 210\\nGo if your ancient, but ignoble, blood\\nHas crept through scoundrels ever since the flood,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0061.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "54 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nto\\nGo and j^i t^teiid your family is yoiui!\\nNor own, your fathers have been fools so long.\\nWhat can ennoble sots, or slaves, or cowards 215\\nAlas not all the blood of all the Howards.\\nLook next on greatness say where greatness lies\\nWhere, but among the heroes and the wise\\nHeroes are much the same, the point s agreed,\\nFrom Macedonia s madman to the Swede 220\\nThe whole strange purpose of their lives to find,\\nOr make, an enemy of all mankind\\nNot one looks backward, onward still he goes.\\nYet ne er looks forward farther than his nose.\\nNo less alike the politic and wise 225\\nAll sly slow things, with circums23ective eyes\\nMen in their loose, unguarded hours they take,\\nNot that themselves are wise, but others Aveak.\\nBut grant that those can conquer, these can cheat\\nT is phrase absurd to call a villain great 230\\nWho wickedly is wise, or madly brave,\\nIs but the more a fool, the more a knave.\\nWho noble ends by noble means obtains,\\nOr, failing, smiles in exile or in chains.\\nLike good Aurelius let him reign, or bleed 235\\nLike Socrates, that man is great indeed.\\nWhat s fame a fancied life in others breath,\\nA thing beyond us, ev n before our death.\\nJust what you hear, you have, and what s unknown\\nThe same (my Lord) if Tully s or your own. 240\\nAll that we feel of it begins and ends\\nIn the small circle of our foes or friends\\nTo all beside as much an empty shade\\nAn Eugene living, as a Caesar dead\\nAlike or when, or where, they shone or shine, 245\\nOr on the Rubicon, or on the Rhine.\\nA wit s a feather, and a chief a rod", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0062.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 55\\nAn honest Man s the noblest work of God.\\nFame but from death a villain s name can save,\\nAs Justice tears his body from the grave 250\\nWhen what t oblivion better were resigned,\\nIs hung on high to poison half mankind.\\nAll fame is foreign, but of true desert\\nPlays round the head, but comes not to the heart\\nOne self -approving hour whole years outweighs 255\\nOf stupid starers, and of loud huzzas\\nAnd more true joy Marcellus exiled feels,\\nThan Caesar with a senate at his heels.\\nIn parts superior what advantage lies\\nTell (for you can) what is it to be wise 260\\nT is but to know how little can be known\\nTo see all others faults, and feel our own\\nCondemned in bus ness or in arts to drudge,\\nWithout a second, or without a judge\\nTruths would you teach, or save a sinking land 265\\nAll fear, none aid you, and few understand.\\nPainful pre-eminence yourself to view\\nAbove life s weakness, and its comforts too.\\nBring then these blessings to a strict account\\nMake fair deductions see to what they mount 270\\nHow much of other each is sure to cost\\nHow each for other oft is wholly lost\\nHow inconsistent greater goods with these\\nHow sometimes life is risked, and always ease\\nThink, and, if still the things thy envy call, 275\\nSay, wouldst thou be the Man to whom they fall\\nTo sigh for ribands if thou art so silly,\\nMark how they grace Lord Umbra, or Sir Billy\\nIs yellow dirt the passion of thy life\\nLook but on Gripus, or on Gripus wife 280\\nIf parts allure thee, think how Bacon shined,\\nThe wisest, brightest, meanest of mankind", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0063.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "56 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nOr ravished with the whistling of a name,\\nSee Cromwell, damned to everlasting fame\\nIf all, united, thy ambition call, 285\\nFrom ancient story learn to scorn them all.\\nThere, in the rich, the honored, famed, and great,\\nSee the false scale of happiness complete\\nIn hearts of kings, or arms of queens who lay.\\nHow happy those to ruin, these betray, 290\\nMark by what wretched steps their glory grows,\\nFrom dirt and seaweed as proud Venice rose\\nIn each how guilt and greatness equal ran.\\nAnd all that raised the hero, sunk the man\\nNow Europe s laurels on their brows behold, 295\\nBut stained with blood, or ill-exchanged for gold\\nThen see them broke with toils, or sunk in ease.\\nOr infamous for plundered provinces.\\nOh, wealth ill-fated which no act of fame\\nE er taught to shine, or sanctified from shame 300\\nWhat greater bliss attends their close of life\\nSome greedy minion, or imperious wife,\\nThe trophied arches, storied halls invade\\nAnd haunt their slumbers in the pompous shade.\\nAlas not dazzled with their noontide ray, 305\\nCompute the morn and ev ning to the day\\nThe whole amount of that enormous fame,\\nA tale, that blends their glory with their shame\\nKnow then this truth (enough for man to know)\\nVirtue alone is happiness below. 310\\nThe only point where human bliss stands still,\\nAnd tastes the good without the fall to ill\\nWhere only merit constant pay receives.\\nIs blest in what it takes, and what it gives\\nThe joy unequalled, if its end it gain, 315\\nAnd if it lose, attended with no pain\\nWithout satiety, though e er so blessed,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0064.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 57\\nAnd but more relished as the more distressed\\nThe broadest mirth unfeeling folly wears,\\nLess pleasing far than virtue s very tears 320\\nGood, from each object, from each place acquired.\\nForever exercised, yet never tired\\nNever elated, while one man s oppressed\\nNever dejected, while another s blessed\\nAnd where no wants, no wishes can remain, 325\\nSince but to wish more virtue, is to gain.\\nSee the sole bliss Heav n could on all bestow\\nWhich who but feels can taste, but thinks can know\\nYet poor with fortune, and with learning blind,\\nThe bad must miss the good, untaught, will find 330\\nSlave to no sect, who takes no private road,\\nBut looks through Nature up to Nature s God\\nPursues that chain which links th immense design,\\nJoins heav n and earth, and mortal and divine\\nSees, that no being any bliss can know, 335\\nBut touches some above, and some below\\nLearns, from this union of the rising whole.\\nThe first, last purpose of the human soul\\nAnd knows, where faith, law, morals, all began,\\nAll end, in love of God, and love of man. 340\\nFor him alone, Hope leads from goal to goal,\\nAnd opens still, and opens on his soul\\nTill lengthened on to Faith and unconfined.\\nIt pours the bliss that fills up all the mind.\\nHe sees, why Nature plants in man alone 345\\nHope of known bliss, and faith in bliss unknown\\n(Nature, whose dictates to no other kind\\nAre giv n in vain, but what they seek they find)\\nWise in her present she connects in this\\nHis greatest virtue with his greatest bliss, 350\\nAt once his own bright prospect to be blest.\\nAnd strongest motive to assist the rest.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0065.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "58 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nSelf-love thus pushed to social, to divine,\\nGives thee to make thy neighbor s blessing thine.\\nIs this too little for the boundless heart 355\\nExtend it, let thy enemies have part\\nGrasp the whole worlds of reason, life, and sense,\\nIn one close system of benevolence\\nHappier as kinder, in whate er degree,\\nAnd height of Bliss but height of Charity. 360\\nGod loves from whole to parts but human soul\\nMust rise from individual to the whole.\\nSelf-love but serves the virtuous mind to wake,\\nAs the small pebble stirs the peaceful lake\\nThe centre moved, a circle straight succeeds, 365\\nAnother still, and still another spreads\\nFriend, parent, neighbor, first it will embrace\\nHis country next and next all human race\\nWide and more wide, th o erflowings of the mind\\nTake ev ry creature in, of ev ry kind 370\\nEarth smiles around, with boundless bounty blest,\\nAnd heav n beholds its image in his breast.\\nCome, then, my Friend my Genius come along\\nOh, master of the poet, and the song\\nAnd while the muse now stoops, or now ascends, 375\\nTo man s low passions, or their glorious ends,\\nTeach me, like thee, in various nature wise,\\nTo fall with dignity, with temper rise\\nFormed by thy converse, happily to steer\\nFrom grave to gay, from lively to severe 380\\nCorrect with spirit, eloquent with ease,\\nIntent to reason, or polite to please.\\nOh, while along the stream of time thy name\\nExpanded flies, and gathers all its fame.\\nSay, shall my little bark attendant sail, 385\\nPursue the triumph, and partake the gale\\nWhen statesmen, heroes, kings, in dust repose.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0066.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON MAN. 59\\nWhose sons sliall blush their fathers were thy foes,\\nSliall then this verse to future age pretend\\nThou wert my guide, philosopher, and friend 390\\nThat urged by thee, I turned the tuneful art\\nFrom sounds to things, from fancy to the heart\\nFor wit s false mirror held up Nature s light\\nShowed erring pride, whatever is, is right\\nThat reason, passion, answer one great aim 395\\nThat true Self-love and Social are the same\\nThat Virtue only makes our bliss below\\nAnd all our knowledge is ourselves to know.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0067.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER.\\nSome passages in the Essay on Man having been unjustly\\nsuspected of a tendency towards Fate and Naturalism, the author\\ncomposed a prayer as the sum of all, which was intended to show\\nthat his system was founded in Free-will and terminated in Piety.\\nFrom Warburton.\\ndeo. opt. max.\\nFather of all in ev ry age,\\nIn ev ry clime adored,\\nBy saint, by savage, and by sage,\\nJehovah, Jove, or Lord\\nThou Great First Cause, least understood\\nWho all my sense confined\\nTo know but this, that Thou art good,\\nAnd that myself am blind\\nYet gave me, in this dark estate.\\nTo see the good from ill\\nAnd binding Nature fast in Fate,\\nLeft free the human will.\\nWhat conscience dictates to be done.\\nOr warns me not to do.\\nThis, teach me more than hell to shun,\\nThat, more than heav n pursue.\\nWhat blessings Thy free bounty gives,\\nLet me not cast away\\nFor God is paid when man receives\\nT enjoy is to obey.\\nYet not to earth s contracted span\\nThy goodness led me bound.\\nOr think Thee Lord alone of man.\\nWhen thousand worlds are round.\\n60", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0068.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "THE UNIVERSAL PRAYER. 61\\nLet not this weak, unknowing liand\\nPresume Thy bolts to throw,\\nAnd deal damnation round the land\\nOn each I judge Thy foe.\\nIf I am right, Thy grace impart,\\nStill in the right to stay\\nIf I am wrong, oh, teach my heart\\nTo find that better way.\\nSave me alike from foolish pride\\nOr impious discontent.\\nAt aught Thy wisdom has denied.\\nOr aught Thy goodness lent.\\nTeach me to feel another s woe,\\nTo hide the fault I see\\nThat mercy I to others show,\\nThat mercy show to me.\\nMean though I am, not wholly so,\\nSince quickened by Thy breath\\nOh, lead me wheresoe er I go,\\nThrough this day s life or death.\\nThis day, be bread and peace my lot\\nAll else beneath the sun,\\nThou know st if best bestowed or not\\nAnd let Thy will be done.\\nTo Thee, whose temple is all space,\\nWhose altar, earth, sea, skies,\\nOne chorus let all being raise\\nAll nature s incense rise I", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0069.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0070.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "PREFACE TO THE ESSAY ON CRITI-\\nCISM.\\nFrom the point of view of criticism, this poem ranks\\namong the phenomena of literature. It was written when\\nPope was in his twenty-first year, but shows the maturity\\nof a man of forty, or of one grown ohl in critical research.\\nHe began very early to study Chaucer, Spenser, and Dry-\\nden. As a boy he found delight in Homer, Vergil, and\\nOvid. His frequent annotations from Quintilian show\\nthat he made that author the object of studious reflection.\\nTrumball, Pope s schoolmaster in poetry, was the first\\nto turn the young poet s attention to the study of the\\nFrench critics. Evidence of this study is found in Pope s\\nflattering allusion to Boileau, whose writings were a\\nstrong factor in forming the style of the French writers\\nof his day.\\nThe aim of the poet in this Essay is not to make\\nan original contribution to the art of Criticism, nor to\\nwrite an exact treatise on Poetry, but to reduce to an\\norderly method the current opinions of the wiser critics,\\nand to accentuate the leading principles of good writing.\\nHis purpose was, succinct, poignant, luminous expression\\nto state in cogent English what oft was thought, but\\nne er so well expressed.\\nAmong the noticeable features of this engaging poem\\nare these\\n(I) Its noble appeal to nature (52-74).\\n(II) Its incisive analysis of human motive (583, 631-\\n42).\\n63", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0071.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "64 ALEXANDER POPE.\\n(III) Its pre-eminent good sense (574-8).\\n(IV) Its cutting satire (35-44, 503-9, 610-21).\\n(V) Its fitting simile (9, 10, 8(3, 87, 243-52, 315-17,\\n585-7).\\nThe aphoristic character of this poem is marked. Like\\nthe Essay on Man, its finest thoughts are salient, i)ro-\\nverbial, and quotable, as for example\\nA little learning is a dangerous thing.\\nWords are like leaves and where they most abound\\nMuch fruit of sense beneath is rarely found.\\nTo err is human, to forgive divine.\\nTo make each day a critic on the last.\\nFor fools rush in where angels fear to tread.\\nFor each ill author is as bad a friend.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0072.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "AN ESSAY ON CRITICISM.\\nWritten in the year 1709. Published 1711.\\nCONTENTS.\\nIntroduction\u00e2\u0080\u0094 tliat it is as great a fault to judge as to write ill,\\nand a more dangerous one to the public, ver. 1. That a true\\ntaste is as rare to be found as a true genius, ver. 9-18. That\\nmost men are born with some taste, but spoilt by false educa-\\ntion, ver. 19-25. The multitude of critics and causes of them,\\nver. 26-45. That we are to study our own taste, and know\\nthe limits of it, ver. 46-67. Nature the best guide of judg-\\nment, ver. 68-87. Improved by art and rules, wliich are but\\nmethodized nature, ver. 88. Rules derived from the practice\\nof the ancient poets, ver. 88-110. That therefore the ancients\\nare necessary to be studied by critics, particularly Homer and\\nVergil, ver. 120-138. Of Licenses and the use of them by the\\nancients, ver. 140-180. Reverence due to the ancients and\\npraise of them, ver. 181, etc.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 II. Causes hindering a true\\njudgment. (1). Pride, ver. 208. (2). Imperfect learning, ver.\\n215. (8). Judging by parts and not by the whole, ver. 233-\\n288. Critics in wit, language, versification only, ver. 288,\\n305, 339, etc. (4). Being too hard to please or too apt to admire,\\nver. 384. (5). Partiality too much love to a sect to the an-\\ncients or moderns, ver. 394. (6). Prejudice or prevention, ver.\\n408. (7). Singularity, ver. 424. (8). Inconstancy, ver. 430. (9).\\nParty, ver. 452, etc. (10). Envy, ver. 466. Against envy and\\nin praise of good nature, ver. 508, etc. When severity\\nis chiefly to be used by critics, ver. 526.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 III. Rules for the\\nconduct of manners in a critic. (1). Candor, ver. 563.\\nModesty, ver. 566. Good breeding, ver. 572. Sincerity and\\nfreedom of advice, ver. 578. (2). When one s counsel is to be\\nrestrained, ver, 584. Character of an incorrigible poet, ver.\\n65", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0073.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "66 ALEXANDER POPE.\\n600. And of an impertinent critic, ver. 610, etc. Character\\nof a good critic, ver. 629. The history of criticism and char-\\nacters of the best critics. Aristotle, ver. 645. Horace, ver.\\n653. Dionysius, ver. 665. Petronius, ver. 667. Quintilian,\\nver. 670. Longinus, ver. 675. Of the decay of criticism and\\nits revival Erasmus, ver. 693. Vida, ver. 705. Boileau, ver.\\n714. Lord Roscommon, etc., 725. Conclusion.\\nT IS hard to say, if greater want of skill\\nAppear in writing or in judging ill\\nBut, of tlie two, less dang rous is th offence\\nTo tire our patience, than mislead our sense.\\nSome few in that, but numbers err in this, 5\\nTen censure wrong for one who writes amiss\\nA fool might once himself alone expose.\\nNow one in verse makes many more in prose.\\nT is with our judgments as our watches, none\\nGo just alike, yet each believes his own. 10\\nIn poets as true genius is but rare.\\nTrue taste as seldom is the critic s share\\nBoth must alike from Heav n derive their light,\\nThese born to judge, as well as those to write.\\nLet such teach others, who themselves excel, 15\\nAnd censure freel}^ who have written well.\\nAuthors are partial to their wit, t is true.\\nBut are not critics to their judgment too\\nYet if we look more closely, we shall find\\nMost have the seeds of judgment in their mind 20\\nNature affords at least a glimm ring light\\nThe lines, though touched but faintly, are drawn right.\\nBut as the slightest sketch, if justly traced.\\nIs by ill-coloring but the more disgraced.\\nSo by false learning is good sense defaced 25\\nSome are bewildered in the maze of schools,\\nAnd s.onie made coxcombs nature meant but fools.\\nIn search of wit these lose their common sense^,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0074.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CKITICISM. 67\\nAnd then turn critics in their own defence\\nEach burns alike, who can, or cannot write, 30\\nOr with a rival s, or an eunuch s spite.\\nAll fools have still an itching to deride.\\nAnd fain would be upon the laughing side.\\nIf Moevius scribble in Apollo s spite,\\nThere are, who judge still worse than he can write. 35\\nSome have at first for wits, then poets past.\\nTurned critics next, and proved plain fools at last.\\nSome neither can for wits nor critics pass.\\nAs heavy mules are neither horse nor ass.\\nThose half -learned witlings, num rous in our isle, 40\\nAs half -formed insects on the banks of Nile\\nUnfinished things, one knows not what to call.\\nTheir generation s so equivocal\\nTo tell m, would a hundred tongues require.\\nOr one vain wit s, that might a hundred tire. 45\\nBut you who seek to give and merit fame.\\nAnd justly bear a critic s noble name.\\nBe sure yourself and your own reach to know.\\nHow far your genius, taste, and learning go\\nLaunch not beyond your depth, but be discreet, 50\\nAnd mark that point where sense and dulness meet.\\nNature to all things fixed the limits fit,\\nAnd wisely curbed proud man s pretending wit.\\nAs on the land while here the ocean gains.\\nIn other parts it leaves wide sandy plains 55\\nThus in the soul while memory prevails.\\nThe solid pow r of understanding fails\\nWhere beams of warm imagination play,\\nThe memory s soft figures melt away.\\nOne science only Avill one genius fit 60\\nSo vast is art, so narrow human wit\\nNot only bounded to peculiar arts.\\nBut oft in those confined to single parts.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0075.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "68 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nLike kings we lose the conquests gained before,\\nBy vain ambition still to make them more 65\\nEach might his sev ral province well command,\\nWould all but stoop to what they understand.\\nFirst follow Nature, and your judgment frame\\nBy her just standard, which is still the same\\nUnerring Nature, still divinely bright, 70\\nOne clear, unchanged, and universal light.\\nLife, force, and beauty, must to all impart.\\nAt once the source, and end, and test of art.\\nArt from that fund each just supply provides,\\nWorks without show, and without pomp presides 75\\nIn some fair body thus th informing soul\\nWith spirits feeds, with vigor fills the whole,\\nEach motion guides, and ev ry nerve sustains\\nItself unseen, but in th effects, remains.\\nSome, to whom Heav n in wit has been profuse, 80\\nWant as much more to turn it to its use\\nFor wit and judgment often are at strife\\nThough meant each other s aid, like man and wife.\\nT is more to guide than spur the Muse s steed\\nRestrain his fury than provoke his speed 85\\nThe winged courser, like a gen rous horse.\\nShows most true metal when you check his course.\\nThose rules of old discovered, not devised.\\nAre Nature still, but Nature methodized\\nNature, like Liberty, is but restrained 90\\nBy the same laws which first herself ordained.\\nHear how learned Greece her useful rules indites,\\nWhen to repress and when indulge our flights\\nHigh on Parnassus top her sons she showed.\\nAnd pointed out those arduous paths they trod 95\\nHeld from afar, aloft, th immortal prize.\\nAnd urged the rest by equal steps to rise.\\nJust precepts thus from great examples giv n,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0076.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 69\\nShe drevv^ from tlicni what they derived from Heav ii.\\nThe geii rous critic fanned the poet s iire, 100\\nAnd taught the worhl witli reason to admire.\\nThen Criticism the Muse s handmaid proved,\\nTo dress her charms and make her more beloved\\nBut following wits from that intention strayed,\\nWho could not win the mistress, wooed the maid 105\\nAgainst the poets their own arms they turned,\\nSure to hate most the men from whom they learned.\\nSo modern Pothecaries, taught the art\\nBy doctor s bills to play the doctor s part.\\nBold in the practice of mistaken rules, 110\\nPrescribe, apply, and call their masters fools.\\nSome on the leaves of ancient authors prey.\\nNor time nor moths e er spoiled so much as they.\\nSome drily plain, without invention s aid,\\nWrite dull receipts how poems may be made 115\\nThese leave the sense, their learning to display.\\nAnd those explain the meaning quite away.\\nYou then whose judgment the right course would steer.\\nKnow well each ancient s proper character\\nHis fable, subject, scope in ev ry page 120\\nReligion, country, genius of his age\\nWithout all these at once before your eyes,\\nCavil you may, but never criticise.\\nBe Homer s works your study and delight.\\nRead them by day, and meditate by night 125\\nThence form your judgment, thence your maxim s bring,\\nAnd trace the Muses upward to their spring.\\nStill with itself compared, his text peruse\\nAnd let your comment be the Mantuan Muse.\\nWhen first young Maro in his boundless mind 130\\nA work t outlast immortal Rome designed.\\nPerhaps he seemed above the critic s law.\\nAnd but from Nature s fountains scorned to draw", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0077.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "70 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nBut when t examine ev iy part lie eame,\\nNature and Homer were, he found, the same. 135\\nConvinced, amazed, he checks the bohl design\\nAnd rules as strict his labored work confine,\\nAs if the Stagirite o erlooked each line.\\nLearn hence for ancient rules a just esteem\\nTo copy nature is to cojjy them. 140\\nSome beauties yet no precepts can declare.\\nFor there s a happiness as well as care.\\nMusic resembles poetry in each\\nAre nameless graces which no methods teach,\\nAnd which a master-hand alone can reach. 145\\nIf, where the rules not far enough extend,\\n(Since rules were made but to promote their end,)\\nSome lucky license answer to the full\\nTh intent proposed, that license is a rule.\\nThus Pegasus, a nearer way to take, 150\\nMay boldly deviate from the common track.\\nFrom vulgar bounds with brave disorder part.\\nAnd snatch a grace beyond the reach of art,\\nWhich, without passing through the judgment, gains\\nThe heart, and all its end at once attains. 155\\nIn prospects thus, some objects please our eyes.\\nWhich out of nature s common order rise.\\nThe shapeless rock, or hanging precipice.\\nGreat wits sometimes may gloriously offend,\\nAnd rise to faults true critics dare not mend. 160\\nBut thoiJgh the ancients thus their rules invade,\\n(As kings dispense with laws themselves have made,)\\nModerns, beware or if you must offend\\nAgainst the precept, ne er transgress its end\\nLet it be seldom, and compelled by need 165\\nAnd have, at least, their precedent to plead.\\nThe critic else proceeds without remorse.\\nSeizes your fame and puts his laws in force.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0078.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 71\\nI know there are, to whose presumptuous thoughts\\nThose freer beauties, i!v n in them, seem faults. 170\\nSome figures monstrous and misshaped appear,\\nConsidered singly, or beheld too near,\\nWhich, but proportioned to their light or place.\\nDue distance reconciles to form and grace.\\nA prudent chief not always must display 175\\nHis pow rs in equal ranks, and fair array\\nBut with th occasion and the place comply.\\nConceal his force, nay, seem sometimes to fly.\\nThose oft are stratagems which error seem.\\nNor is it Homer nods, but we that dream. 180\\nStill green Avith bays each ancient altar stands.\\nAbove the reach of sacrilegious hands\\nSecure from flames, from envy s fiercer rage,\\nDestructive war, and all-involving age.\\nSee, from each clime the learned their incense bring 185\\nHear, in all tongues consenting Paeans ring\\nIn praise so just let ev ry voice be joined,\\nAnd fill the gen ral chorus of mankind.\\nHail, bards triumphant born in happier days\\nImmortal heirs of universal praise 190\\nWhose honors with increase of ages grow,\\nAs streams roll down, enlarging as they flow\\nNations unborn your mighty names shall sound.\\nAnd worlds applaud that must not yet be found\\nOh, may some spark of your celestial fire 195\\nThe last, the meanest of your sons inspire,\\n(That on weak wings, from far, pursues your flights.\\nGlows while he reads, but trembles as he writes,)\\nTo teach vain wits a science little known,\\nT admire superior sense, and doubt their own 200", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0079.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "72 ALEXANDEK POPE.\\nII.\\nOf all the causes which conspire to blind\\nMan s erring judgment, and misguide the mind,\\nWhat the weak head with strongest bias rules.\\nIs pride, the never-failing vice of fools.\\nWhatever nature has in worth denied, 205\\nShe gives in large recruits of needful pride\\nFor as in bodies, thus in souls, we find\\nWhat wants in blood and spirits, swelled with wind\\nPride, where wit fails, steps in to our defence.\\nAnd fills up all the mighty void of sense. 210\\nIf once right reason drives that cloud away,\\nTruth breaks upon us with resistless day.\\nTrust not yourself but, your defects to know\\nMake use of ev ry friend and ev ry foe.\\nA little learning is a dang rous thing 215\\nDrink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring\\nThere shallow draughts intoxicate the brain.\\nAnd drinking largely sobers us again.\\nFired at first sight with what the muse imparts,\\nIn fearless youth we tempt the heights of arts, 220\\nWhile from the bounded level of our mind\\nShort views we take, nor see the lengths behind\\nBut, more advanced, behold with strange surprise\\nNew distant scenes of endless science rise\\nSo pleased at first the tow ring Alps we try, 225\\nMount o er the vales, and seem to tread the sky,\\nTh eternal snows appear already past.\\nAnd the first clouds and mountains seem the last\\nBut, those attained, we tremble to survey\\nThe growing labors of the lengthened way, 230\\nTh increasing prospect tires our wand ring eyes,\\nHills peep o er hills, and Alps on Alps arise\\nA perfect judge will read each work of wit", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0080.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 73\\nWith tlie same spirit that its author writ\\nSurvey the whole, nor seek slight faults to find 235\\nWhere nature moves, and rapture warms the mind\\nNor lose, for that malignant dull delight,\\nThe gen rous pleasure to be charmed with wit.\\nBut in such lays as neither ebb nor flow,\\nCorrectly cold, and regularly low, 240\\nThat, shunning faults, one quiet tenor keep\\nWe cannot blame indeed but we may sleep.\\nIn wit, as nature, what affects our hearts\\nIs not th exactness of peculiar 23arts\\nT is not a lip, nor eye, we beauty call, 245\\nBut the joint force and full result of all.\\nThus, when we view some well-proportioned dome,\\n(The world s just wonder, and even thine, O Rome\\nNo single parts unequally surprise,\\nAll comes united to th admiring eyes 250\\nNo monstrous height, or breadth, or length appear\\nThe whole at once is bold and regular.\\nWhoever thinks a faultless piece to see,\\nThinks what ne er was, nor is, nor e er shall be.\\nIn ev ry work regard the writer s end, 255\\nSince none can compass more than they intend\\nAnd if the means be just, the conduct true,\\nApplause, in spite of trivial faults, is due.\\nAs men of breeding, sometimes men of wit,\\nT avoid great errors, must the less commit 260\\nNeglect the rules each verbal critic lays.\\nFor not to know some trifles is a praise.\\nMost critics, fond of some subservient art.\\nStill make the whole depend upon a part\\nThey talk of principles, but notions prize, 265\\nAnd all to one loved folly sacrifice.\\nOnce on a time. La Mancha s knight, they say,\\nA certain bard encount ring on the way.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0081.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "74 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nDiscoursed in terms as just, with looks as sage,\\nAs e er could Dennis of the Grecian stage 270\\nConcluding all were desp rate sots and fools,\\nWho durst depart from Aristotle s rules.\\nOur author, happy in a judge so nice.\\nProduced his play, and begged the knight s advice\\nMade him observe the subject, and the plot, 275\\nThe manners, passions, unities what not\\nAll which, exact to rule, were brought about.\\nWere but a combat in the lists left out.\\nWhat leave the combat out exclaims the knight\\nYes, or we must renounce the Stagirite. 280\\nNot so, by Heav n (he answers in a rage),\\nKnights, squires, and steeds must enter on the stage.\\nSo vast a throng the stage can ne er contain.\\nThen build a new, or act it in a plain.\\nThus critics, of less judgment than caprice, 285\\nCurious not knowing, not exact but nice.\\nForm short ideas and offend in arts,\\n(As most in manners) by a love to parts.\\nSome to conceit alone their taste confine.\\nAnd glitt ring thoughts struck out at ev ry line 290\\nPleased with a work where nothing s just or fit\\nOne glaring chaos and wild heap of wit.\\nPoets like painters, thus unskilled to trace\\nThe naked nature and the living grace.\\nWith gold and jewels cover ev ry part, 295\\nAnd hide with ornaments their want of art.\\nTrue wit is Nature to advantage dressed,\\nWhat oft was thought, but ne er so well expressed\\nSomething, whose truth convinced at sight we find.\\nThat gives us back the image of our mind. 300\\nAs shades more sweetly recommend the light.\\nSo modest plainness sets off sprightly wit.\\nFor works may have more wit than does them good,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0082.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 75\\nAs bodies perish through excess of blood.\\nOthers for language all their care express, 305\\nAnd value books, as women men, for dress\\nTheir praise is still, the style is excellent\\nThe sense they humbly take upon content.\\nWords are like leaves and where they most abound\\nMuch fruit of sense beneath is rarely found 310\\nFalse eloquence, like the prismatic glass,\\nIts gaudy colors spreads on ev ry place\\nThe face of Nature we no more survey,\\nAll glares alike, without distinction gay\\nBut true expression, like th unchanging sun, 315\\nClears and improves whate er it shines upon.\\nIt gilds all objects, but it alters none.\\nExpression is the dress of thought, and still\\nAppears more decent, as more suitable\\nA vile conceit in pompous words expressed 320\\nIs like a clown in regal purple dressed\\nFor diff rent styles with diff rent subjects sort.\\nAs sev ral garbs with country, town, and court.\\nSome by old words to fame have made pretence.\\nAncients in phrase, mere moderns in their sense\\nSuch labored nothings, in so strange a style,\\nAmaze th unlearned, and make the learned smile.\\nUnlucky, as Fungoso in the play,\\nThese sparks with awkward vanity display\\nWhat the fine gentleman wore yesterday\\nAnd but so mimic ancient wits at best,\\nAs apes our grandsires in their doublets drest.\\nIn words, as fashions, the same rule will hold\\nAlike fantastic, if too new, or old\\nBe not the first by whom the new are tried.\\nNor yet the last to lay the old aside.\\nBut most by numbers judge a poet s song\\nAnd smooth or rough, with them is right or wrong\\n325\\n330\\n335", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0083.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "76 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nIn the bright Muse, though thousand charms conspire,\\nHer voice is all these tuneful fools admire 340\\nWho haunt Parnassus but to please their ear,\\nNot mend their minds as some to church repair.\\nNot for the doctrine, but the music there.\\nThese equal syllables alone require.\\nThough oft the ear the open vowels tire 345\\nWhile expletives their feeble aid do join\\nAnd ten low words oft creep in one dull line\\nWhile they ring round the same unvaried chimes.\\nWith sure returns of still expected rhymes\\nWhere er you find the cooling western breeze, 350\\nIn the next line, it whispers through the trees\\nIf crystal streams with pleasing murmurs creep,\\nThe reader s threatened (not in vain) with sleep\\nThen, at the last and only couplet fraught\\nWith some unmeaning thing they call a thought, 355\\nA needless Alexandrine ends the song\\nThat, like a wounded snake, drags its slow length along.\\nLeave such to tune their own dull rhymes, and know\\nWhat s roundly smooth or languishingly slow\\nAnd praise the easy vigor of a line, 360\\nWhere Denham s strength and Waller s sweetness join.\\nTrue ease in writing comes from art, not chance,\\nAs those move easiest who have learned to dance.\\nT is not enough no harshness gives oifence,\\nThe sound must seem an echo to the sense 365\\nSoft is the strain when zephyr gently blows,\\nAnd the smooth stream in smoother numbers flows\\nBut when loud surges lash the sounding shore,\\nThe hoarse, rough verse should like the torrent roar\\nWhen Ajax strives some rock s vast weight to throw, 370\\nThe line, too, labors, and the words move slow\\nNot so, when swift Camilla scours the plain.\\nFlies o er the unbending corn, and skims along the main.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0084.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 77\\nHear how Tiraotheiis varied lays surprise,\\nAnd bid alternate passions fall and rise 375\\nWhile, at each change, the son of Libyan Jove\\nNow burns with glory, and then melts with love\\nNow his fierce eyes with sparkling fury glow,\\nNow sighs steal out, and tears begin to flow\\nPersians and Greeks like turns of Nature found, 380\\nAnd the world s victor stood subdued by sound\\nThe pow r of music all our hearts allow,\\nAnd what Timotheus was, is Dryden now.\\nAvoid extremes and shun the fault of such.\\nWho still are pleased too little or too much. 385\\nAt ev ry trifle scorn to take offence.\\nThat always shows great pride, or little sense\\nThose heads, as stomachs, are not sure the best.\\nWhich nauseate all, and nothing can digest.\\nYet let not each gay turn thy rapture move 390\\nFor fools admire, but men of sense approve\\nAs things seem large which we through mists descry,\\nDulness is ever apt to magnify.\\nSome, foreign writers, some, our own despise\\nThe ancients only, or the moderns prize. 395\\nThus wit, like faith, by each man is applied\\nTo one small sect, and all are damned beside.\\nMeanly they seek the blessing to confine,\\nAnd force that sun but on a part to shine,\\nWhich not alone the southern wit sublimes, 400\\nBut ripens spirits in cold northern climes\\nWhich from the first has shone on ages past,\\nEnlights the present, and shall warm the last\\nThough each may feel increases and decays.\\nAnd see now clearer and now darker days. 405\\nRegard not then if wit be old or new.\\nBut blame the false, and value still the true.\\nSome ne er advance a judgment of their own", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0085.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "78 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nBut catch the spreading notion of the town\\nThey reason and conclude by precedent, 410\\nAnd own stale nonsense which they ne er invent.\\nSome judge of authors names, not works, and then\\nNor praise nor blame the writings, but the men.\\nOf all this servile herd the worst is he\\nThat in proud dulness joins with quality 415\\nA constant critic at the great man s board,\\nTo fetch and carry nonsense for my lord.\\nWhat woeful stuff this madrigal would be.\\nIn some starved hackney sonneteer, or me\\nBut let a lord once own the happy lines, 420\\nHow the wit brightens how the style refines\\nBefore his sacred name flies ev ry fault.\\nAnd each exalted stanza teems with thought\\nThe vulgar thus through imitation err,\\nAs oft the learned by being singular 425\\nSo much they scorn the crowd, that if the throng\\nBy chance go right, they purposely go wrong\\nSo schismatics the plain believers quit.\\nAnd are but damned for having too much wit.\\nSome praise at morning what they blame at night 430\\nBut always think the last opinion right.\\nA Muse by these is like a mistress used.\\nThis hour she s idolized, the next abused\\nWhile their Aveak heads like towns unfortified,\\nTwixt sense and nonsense daily change their side. 435\\nAsk them the cause they re wiser still, they say\\nAnd still to-morrow s wiser than to-day.\\nWe think our fathers fools, so wise we grow\\nOur wiser sons, no doubt, will think us so.\\nOnce school-divines this zealous isle o erspread 440\\nWho knew most sentences, was deepest read\\nFaith, gospel, all, seemed made to be disputed,\\nAnd none has sense enough to be confuted", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0086.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 79\\nScotists and Thomists, now, in peace remain\\nAmidst their kindred cobwebs in Duck-lane. 445\\nIf Faith itself has diff rent dresses worn,\\nWhat wonder modes in wit should take their turn\\nOft, leaving what is natural and fit,\\nThe current folh^ proves the ready wit,\\nAnd authors think their reputation safe, 450\\nWhich lives as long as fools are pleased to laugh.\\nSome valuing those of their own side or mind.\\nStill make themselves the measure of mankind\\nFondly we think we honor merit then,\\nWhen we but praise ourselves in other men. 455\\nParties in wit attend on those of State,\\nAnd public faction doubles private hate.\\nPride, malice, folly, against Dryden rose,\\nIn various shapes of parsons, critics, beaux\\nBut sense survived, when merry jests were past, 460\\nFor rising merit will buoy up at last.\\nMight he return, and bless once more our eyes.\\nNew Blackmores and new Milbourns must arise\\nNay, should great Homer lift his awful head,\\nZoilus again would start up from the dead. 465\\nEnvy will merit, as its shade, pursue.\\nBut, like a shadow, proves the substance true\\nFor envied wit, like Sol eclipsed, makes known\\nTh opposing body s grossness, not its own.\\nWhen first that sun too pow rful beams displays, 470\\nIt draws up vapors which obscure its rays\\nBut ev n those clouds at last adorn its way.\\nReflect new glories, and augment the day.\\nBe thou the first true merit to befriend\\nHis praise is lost, who stays till all commend. 475\\nShort is the date, alas, of modern rhymes,\\nAnd t is but just to let them live betimes.\\nNo longer now that golden age appears,", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0087.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "80 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nWheu patriarch-wits survived a thousand years\\nNow length of fame (our second life) is lost, 480\\nAnd bare threescore is all ev n that can boast\\nOur sons their fathers failing language see,\\nAnd such as Chaucer is shall Dryden be.\\nSo, when the faithful pencil has designed\\nSome bright idea of the master s mind, 485\\nWhere a new world leaps out at his command.\\nAnd ready Nature waits upon his hand\\nWhen the ripe colors soften and unite.\\nAnd sweetly melt into just shade and light\\nWhen mellowing years their full perfection give, 490\\nAnd each bold figure just begins to live,\\nTlie treach rous colors the fair art betray.\\nAnd all the bright creation fades away\\nUnhappy wit, like most mistaken things.\\nAtones not for that envy which it brings. 495\\nIn youth alone its empty praise we boast.\\nBut soon the short-lived vanity is lost\\nLike some fair flow r the early spring supplies,\\nThat gaily blooms, but ev n in blooming dies.\\nWhat is this wit, which must our cares employ 500\\nThe owner s wife, that other men enjoy\\nThen most our trouble still when most admired,\\nAnd still the more we give, the more required\\nWhose fame with pains we guard, but lose with ease.\\nSure some to vex, but never all to please 505\\nT is what the vicious fear, the virtuous shun,\\nBy fools t is hated, and by knaves undone\\nIf wit so much from ign rance undergo.\\nAh, let not learning, too, commence its foe\\nOf old, those met rewards who could excel, 510\\nAnd such were praised who but endeavored well\\nThough triumphs were to gen rals only due,\\nCrowns were reserved to grace the soldiers too", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0088.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 81\\nNow, they who reach Parnassus lofty crown,\\nEmploy their pains to spurn some others down 515\\nAnd while self-love each jealous writer rules,\\nContending wits become the sport of fools\\nBut still the worst with most regret commend.\\nFor each ill author is as bad a friend.\\nTo what base ends, and by what abject ways, 520\\nAre mortals urged through sacred lust of praise\\nAh, ne er so dire a thirst of glory boast,\\nNor in the critic let the man be lost.\\nGood nature and good sense must ever join\\nTo err is human, to forgive, divine. 525\\nBut if in noble minds some dregs remain\\nNot yet purged off, of spleen and sour disdain\\nDischarge that rage on more provoking crimes,\\nNor fear a dearth in these flagitious times.\\nNo pardon vile obscenity should find, 530\\nThough wit and art conspire to move your mind\\nBut dulness with obscenity must prove\\nAs shameful sure as impotence in love.\\nIn the fat age of pleasure, wealth, and ease.\\nSprung the rank weed, and thrived with large in-\\ncrease\\nWhen love was all an easy monarch s care\\nSeldom at council, never in a war\\nJilts ruled the state, and statesmen farces writ\\nNay, wits had pensions, and young lords had wit.\\nThe fair sat panting at a courtier s play, 540\\nAnd not a mask went unimproved away\\nThe modest fan was lifted up no more.\\nAnd virgins smiled at what they blushed before.\\nThe following license of a foreign reign\\nDid all the dregs of bold Socinus drain 545\\nThen unbelieving priests reformed the nation,\\nAnd taught more })leasant methods of salvation", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0089.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "82 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nWhere Heav n s free subjects might their rights dis-\\npute,\\nLest God Himself should seem too absolute\\nPulpits their sacred satire learned to spare, 550\\nAnd vice admired to find a flatterer there\\nEncouraged thus, wit s Titans braved the skies.\\nAnd the press groaned with licensed blasphemies.\\nThese monsters, critics with your darts engage,\\nHere point your thunder, and exhaust your rage 555\\nYet shun their fault, who, scandalously nice.\\nWill needs mistake an author into vice\\nAll seems infected that th infected spy,\\nAs all looks yellow to the jaundiced eye.\\nIII.\\nLearn then what morals critics ought to show, 560\\nFor t is but half a judge s task to know.\\nT is not enough, taste, judgment, learning, join\\nIn all you speak, let truth and candor shine\\nThat not alone what to your sense is due\\nAll may allow but seek your friendship too, 565\\nBe silent always when you doubt your sense\\nAnd speak, though sure, with seeming diffidence!:\\nSome positive, persisting fops we know,\\nWho, if once wrong, will needs be always so\\nBut you, with pleasure, own your errors past, 570\\nAnd make each day a critic on the last.\\nT is not enough, your counsel still be true\\nBlunt truth more mischief than nice falsehoods do\\nMen must be taught as if you taught them not,\\nAnd things unknown proposed as things forgot. 575\\nWithout good breeding, truth is disapproved\\nThat only makes superior sense beloved.\\nBe niggards of advice on no pretence,\\nFor the worst avarice is that of sense.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0090.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 83\\nWith mean complacence ne er betray your trust, 580\\nNor be so civil as to prove unjust.\\nFear not the anger of the wise to raise\\nThose best can bear reproof who merit praise.\\nT were well might critics still this freedom take,\\nBut Appius reddens at each word you speak, 585\\nAnd stares, tremendous, with a threat ning eye.\\nLike some fierce tyrant in old tapestry.\\nFear most to tax an honorable fool.\\nWhose right it is, uncensured, to be dull\\nSuch, without wit, are poets when they please, 500\\nAs without learning they can take degrees.\\nLeave dang rous truths to unsuccessful satires.\\nAnd flattery to fulsome dedicators.\\nWhom, when they praise, the world believes no more\\nThan when they promise to ^ive scribbling o er. 595\\nT is best sometimes your censure to restrain,\\ni^And charitably let the dull be vain\\nYour silence there is better than your spite.\\nFor who can rail so long as they can write\\nStill humming on, their drowsy course they keep, 600\\nAnd lashed so long, like tops, are lashed asleep\\nFalse steps but help them to renew the race,\\nAs, after stumbling, jades will mend their pace.\\nWhat crowds of these impenitently bold,\\nIn sounds and jingling syllables grown old, 605\\nStill run on poets, in a raging vein,\\nEv n to the dregs and squeezings of the brain,\\nStrain out the last dull droppings of their sense.\\nAnd rhyme with all the rage of impotence.\\nSuch shameless bards we have and yet t is true, 610\\nThere are as mad abandoned critics too.\\nThe bookful blockhead, ignorantly read,\\nWith loads of learned lumber in his head,\\nWith his own tongue still edifies his ears.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0091.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "84 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nAnd always list ning to himself appears. 615\\nAll books he reads, and all he reads assails,\\nFrom Dryden s fables down to Durfey s tales.\\nWith him, most authors steal their works, or buy\\nGarth did not write his own Dispensary.\\nName a new play, and he s the poet s friend, 620\\nNay, showed his faults but when would poets mend\\nNo place so sacred from such fops is barred,\\nNor is Paul s church more safe than Paul s churchyard\\nNay, fly to altars there they 11 talk you dead\\nFor fools rush in where angels fear to tread. 625\\nDistrustful sense with modest caution speaks.\\nIt still looks home, and short excursions makes\\nBut rattling nonsense in full volleys breaks.\\nAnd never shocked, and never turned aside,\\nBursts out, resistless, with a thund ring tide. 630\\nBut, where s the man who counsel can bestow.\\nStill pleased to teach, and yet not proud to know\\nUnbiassed, or by favor, or by spite\\nNot dully prepossessed, nor blindly right\\nThough learned, well bred and though well bred,\\nsincere, 635\\nModestly bold, and humanly severe\\nWho to a friend his faults can freely show,\\nAnd gladly praise the merit of a foe\\nBlest with a taste exact, yet unconfined\\nA knowledge both of books and human kind 640\\nGen rous converse a soul exempt from pride\\nAnd love to praise, with reason on his side\\nSuch once were critics such the happy few\\nAthens and Rome in better ages knew.\\nThe mighty Stagirite first left the shore, 645\\nSpread all his sails, and durst the deeps explore\\nHe steered securely, and discovered far,\\nLed by the light of the Mseonian star.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0092.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 86\\nPoets, a race long unconfined, and free,\\nStill fond and proud of savage liberty, 650\\nReceived his laws and stood convinced t was fit,\\nWho conquered Nature, should preside o er wit.\\nHorace still charms with graceful negligence.\\nAnd without method talks us into sense,\\nWill, like a friend, familiarly convey 655\\nThe truest notions in the easiest way.\\nHe who, supreme in judgment, as in wit,\\n-Might boldly censure, as he boldly writ.\\nYet judged with coolness, though he sung with fire\\nHis precepts teach but what his works inspire. 660\\nOur critics take a contrary extreme.\\nThey judge with fury, but they write with phlegm\\nNor suffers Horace more in wrong translations\\nBy wits, than critics in as wrong quotations.\\nSee Dionysius Homer s thoughts refine, 665\\nAnd call new beauties forth from ev ry line\\nFancy and art in gay Petronius please.\\nThe scholar s learning, with the courtier s ease.\\nIn grave Quintilian s copious work, we find\\nThe justest rules and clearest method joined 670\\nThus useful arms in magazines we place,\\nAll ranged in order and disposed with grace,\\nBut less to please the eye than arm the hand.\\nStill fit for use, and ready at command.\\nThee, bold Longinus all the Nine inspire, 675\\nAnd bless their critic with a poet s fire.\\nAn ardent judge, who zealous in his trust.\\nWith warmth gives sentence, yet is always just\\nWhose own example strengthens all his laws\\nAnd is himself that great sublime he draws. 680\\nThus long succeeding critics justly reigned,\\nLicense repressed, and useful laws ordained.\\nLearning and Rome alike in empire grew", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0093.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "86 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nAnd arts still followed where her eagles flew\\nFrom the same foes, at last, both felt their doom, 085\\nAnd the same age saw learning fall, and Rome.\\nWith tyranny, then superstition joined,\\nAs that the body, this enslaved the mind\\nMuch was believed, but little understood.\\nAnd to be dull was construed to be good 690\\nA second deluge learning thus o er-run.\\nAnd the monks finished what the Goths begun.\\nAt length Erasmus that great injured name,\\n(The glory of the priesthood, and the shame\\nStemmed the wild torrent of a barb rous age, 695\\nAnd drove those holy Vandals off the stage.\\nBut see Each muse, in Leo s golden days,\\nStarts from her trance, and trims her withered bays,\\nRome s ancient genius, o er its ruins spread,\\nShakes off the dust, and rears his rev rend head. 700\\nThen sculpture and her sister-arts revive\\nStones leajjed to form, and rocks began to live\\nWith sweeter notes each rising temple rung\\nA Raphael painted and a Vida sung.\\nImmortal Vida on whose honored brow 705\\nThe poet s bays and critic s ivy grow\\nCremona now shall ever boast thy name.\\nAs next in place to Mantua, next in fame\\nBut soon b}^ impious arms from Latium chased.\\nTheir ancient bounds the banished Muses passed 710\\nThence arts o er all the northern world advance,\\nBut critic learning flourished most in France\\nThe rules a nation, born to serve, obeys\\nAnd Boileau still in right of Horace sways.\\nBut we, brave Britons, foreign laws despised, 715\\nAnd kept unconquered, and uncivilized\\nFierce for the liberties of wit, and bold.\\nWe still defied the Romans, as of old.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0094.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 87\\nYet some tliere were, among the sounder few\\nOf those who less presumed, and better knew, 720\\nWho durst assert the juster ancient cause.\\nAnd here restored wit s fundamental laws.\\nSuch was the muse, whose rules and practice tell,\\nNature s chief masterpiece is writing well.\\nSuch was Roscommon, not more learned than good, 725\\nWith manners gen rous as his noble blood\\nTo him the wit of Greece and Rome was known,\\nAnd ev ry author s merit but his own.\\nSuch late was Walsh the muse s judge and friend,\\nWho justly knew to blame or to commend 730\\nTo failings mild, but zealous for desert\\nThe clearest head and the sincerest heart.\\nThis humble praise, lamented shade receive,\\nThis praise at least a grateful muse may give\\nThe muse, whose early voice you taught to sing, 735\\nPrescribed her heights, and pruned her tender wing,\\n(Her guide now lost) no more attempts to rise.\\nBut in low numbers short excursions tries\\nContent, if hence th unlearned their wants may view.\\nThe learned reflect on what before they knew 740\\nCareless of censure, nor too fond of fame\\nStill pleased to praise, yet not afraid to blame,\\nAverse alike to flatter, or offend\\nNot free from faults, nor yet too vain to mend.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0095.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0096.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "NOTES\\nON\\nAN ESSAY ON MAN.\\nEpistle I.\\nLine 1. Awake, my St. John/ Henry St. John, Viscount\\nBolingbroke (1678-1751). His career as a statesman and orator was\\nbrilhant and meteoric. He was a bitter partisan, a Tory of the\\nTories. He was a man of commanding presence, and faultless\\nmanners. His personality was magnetic. His power over some\\nmen was hypnotic, among them Pope. He has been called the\\nEnglish Alcibiades. His dissipated and graceless career greatly\\nhampered his public influence. He possessed some literary ability.\\nHis principal works are The Idea of a Patriot King and Letters\\non the Study and Use of History.\\nLine 13. Shoot folly as it flies. Suggested by Dryden s hue,\\nand shoots their treasons as they fly {Absalom and Achitophel,\\nPart II). See also same work suggesting Hue 226. Pope was an\\nardent and reverent admirer of Dry den, and in many poems be-\\ntrays the influence of the great poet, the least inspired and the\\nmost classical. Taine, Bk. Ill, chap. 7.\\nLine 16. But vindicate the ways of God to man. See\\nMilton s Paradise Lost, Bk. I, line 22.\\nLine 32. Can a part contain the whole? suggests the Pla-\\ntonism, The part is created for the sake of the whole, and not\\nthe whole for the sake of the part.\\nLine 33. Is the great chain? alludes to the golden chain by\\nwhich Homer tells us the world was sustained by Jove.\\nLine 41. Yonder argent fields above. Argent shining,\\nsilvery.\\nPardon me, airy planet, that I prize\\nOne thought beyond thine argent luxuries.\\nKeats, Endymion, III.\\nLine 45. Where all must full or not coherent be i. e., there\\ncan be no break, for if there be one, cohesion is destroyed.\\n89", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0097.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "90 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nLine 53. Though labored on with pain. From Bolingbroke,\\nFragments, 43 and 63.\\nLine 64. And now Egypt s god. Among the Egyptians the\\nox w^as worshipped under the title of Apis.\\nLine 88. Or a sparrow fall. St. Matt. 10 29.\\nLine 98. Expatiates, to move at will, to wander without re-\\nstraint. See Pope s use of the same word in his Windsor Forest, I,\\n254 Bids his free soul expatiate in the skies.\\nLines 99-112. To my feeling, one of the most beautiful pas-\\nsages in the whole poem. J. R. Lowell, Literary Essays, IV, 40.\\nLine 144. Towns to one grave, whole nations to the deep?\\nRecalling the awful catastrophe of Lisbon and Scilla, and more\\nrecently the island of Ischia and of Java.\\nLine 156. Why then a Borgia? Caesar Borgia, the son of\\nPope Alexander VI, cardinal and soldier. Infamous in character,\\nmaliciously cruel to his enemies. Catiline. Roman conspirator\\nagainst his country.\\nLine 160. Or turns young Amnion loose. Young Ammon,\\nAlexander the Great, saluted as Jupiter Ammon.\\nLine 174. Little less than angel. Ps. 8 9.\\nLine 182. Here with degrees of swiftness, there of force. It\\nis a certain axiom in the anatomy of creatures, that in proportion\\nas they are formed for strength, their swiftness is lessened or as\\nthey are formed for swiftness, their strength is abated. Pope.\\nLine 193. Why has not man a microscopic eye? A vivid\\nexpression, taken from Locke s Essay on the Human Understand-\\ning (Bk. II, chap. 3, sec. 12), a work which shapes the argument\\nof Pope.\\nLine 213. The manner of the lions hunting their prey in the\\ndeserts of Africa is this at their first going out in the night-time\\nthey set up a loud roar, and then listen to the noise made by the\\nbeasts in their flight, x^ursuing them by the ear, and not by\\nthe nostril. It is probable the story of the jackal s hunting for the\\nlion was occasioned by observation of this defect of scent in that\\nterrible animal. Pope.\\nLine 241. On superior pow rs, reminds the reader of Thom-\\nson s Seasons, Summer.\\nLine 260. Or hand, to toil, aspired to be the head? Taken\\nfrom St. Paul (1 Cor. 12 15-21).\\nLine 265. Just as absurd to mourn the tasks or pains. See\\nthe Prosecution and Application of this in Epistle IV. Pope.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0098.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "NOTES ON AN ESSAY ON MAN. 91\\nLine 288, Or in the natal, or the mortal hour, reminds one\\nof Goethe s remark in childhood God knows very well that an\\nimmortal soul can receive no injury from a moital accident.\\nWard.\\nLine 294. Whatever is, is right. See Dryden s (Edixms,\\nAct IH, Scene 1.\\nEpistle H.\\nLine 5. With too much knowledge for the Sceptic side, etc.\\nSceptic, one of the names chosen by the followers of Pyrrhon,\\nwhose philosophy was negative, while Stoics proclaimed the posi-\\ntive philosophy of the full performance of duty and the pursuit of\\nvirtue.\\nLine 17. In endless error hurled. To hurl signifies not\\nsimply to cast, but to cast backward and forward, and is taken\\nfrom the rural game called hurling. Warburton.\\nLine 27. As eastern priests, etc., for example, the priests of\\nthe Sun-God Baal.\\nLines 29, 30. Go, teach Eternal Wisdom, etc. The conclusion\\nof all that has been said from line 18.\\nLine 46. Learning s luxury, or idleness, refers to the inflated\\npassion of the times, making great pretences to learning and\\ncultivating ease, luxurj^, and idleness.\\nLine 50. Of all our vices have created arts. Even out of\\nvices have arts been produced, as for example Gastronomy and\\nEpicureanism.\\nLine 59. Acts, for actuates.\\nLine 74. Reason, the future and the consequence. Reason\\nhere stands between arguments from the past and the ethical\\nexperiences of the future.\\nLines 81-92. Let subtle schoolmen, etc. A fine analysis\\nof the relation of self-love to reason. They are not mutually\\nantagonistic, but interrelated and supplementary, the one of the\\nother. Both tend to happiness the first quickly appropriates\\nwhat is for its good, the second scrutinizes and weighs evidence\\nas to permanent values.\\nLine 96. Reason bids us for our own provide. See St.\\nPaul s words in 1 Tim. 5 8.\\nLine 98. List, i.e., enlist or range themselves.\\nLine 101, In lazy apathy let Stoics boast. Warton objects\\nto this line on the ground that Stoicism does not consist in total", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0099.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "92 ALEXANDER POPE.\\ninsensibility with respect to feeling, but a rational freedom from\\nirrational and excessive agitations of the soul.\\nLine 108. Card, i.e., the compass.\\nLine 200. In Decius charms, in Curfcius is divine. Decius,\\nan heroic Roman Consul of Plebeian rank, killed in the battle of\\nVesuvius, 340 B.C. Legend has it that a chasm was opened by an\\nearthquake in the Roman Forum (362 B.C.). It could be closed\\nonly by the sacrifice of Rome s most costly treasure. Marcus\\nCurtius, affirming that the state possessed no greater treasure\\nthan a brave citizen, leaped into the chasm, mounted and full-\\narmored. Then the chasm closed.\\nLine 204. The God within the mind. From Plato s lofty\\nconception of conscience.\\nLine 218. As, to be hated, needs but to be seen. Compare\\nDryden s thought\\nFor truth has such a face and such a mien.\\nAs to be loved needs only to be seen.\\nThe Hind and the Panther, line 33.\\nLine 223. The Orcades. The Orkney Islands at the extreme\\nnorth of Scotland.\\nLine 224. Zembla. Nova Zembla, islands north of Russia.\\nLine 269. The starving chemist, etc., alludes to the passionate\\nsearch of the alchemist for the philosopher s stone.\\nEpistle III.\\nLine 46. A pampered goose, suggested by Pierre Charron,\\nDe la Sag esse.\\nLine 50. Be man the wit and tyrant of the whole. Wit\\nused for intellect, by which man rules the whole animal kingdom.\\nLine 56. Philomela. Daughter of Pandion in Greek legend.\\nShe was metamorphosed into a nightingale.\\nLine 68. Than favored man, etc. Several of the ancients,\\nand many of the orientals since, esteemed those who were\\nstruck by lightning as sacred persons and the particular favorites\\nof Heaven.\\nLine 104. Demoivre. Trisyllabic to preserve the meter.\\nThe distinguished French mathematician, born at Vitry, in\\nChampagne, 1667, died in London, 1754. The allusion in the poem\\nis to his fame in trigonometry. He was a friend of Newton.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0100.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "NOTES ON AN ESSAY ON MAN. V)3\\nLine 152. Man walked with beast, joint tenant of the shade.\\nPlato had said from old tradition, that, during the Golden Age\\nand under the reign of Saturn, the primitive language then in use\\nwas common to man and beast. The naturalists understood\\nthe tradition to signify that in the first ages man used inarticulate\\nsounds, like beasts, to express their wants and sensations and\\nthat it was by slow degrees they came to the use of speech.\\nWar burton.\\nLine 168. And turned on man a fiercer savage, Man a\\nthought which Robert Burns has made prominent\\nMan s inhumanity to man\\nMakes countless thousands mourn.\\nLine 173. Learn from the birds, etc. Taken from Lord Bacon s\\nAdvancement of Lemming, Bk. II.\\nLine 174. Learn from the beasts, etc. Pliny {NaflHist.,\\nL. viii., c. 27) gives several instances where animals use herbs for\\ntheir medicinal effects.\\nLine 177. Learn of the little nautilus to sail. Appian de-\\nscribes this fish in the following manner: They swim on the\\nsurface of the sea, on the back of their shells, which exactly\\nresemble the hulk of a ship they raise two feet like masts, and\\nextend a membrane between, wiiich serves as a sail the other two\\nfeet they employ as oars at the side. They are usually seen in the\\nMediterranean. Pope. See another feature of this remarkable\\nshell-fish in O. W. Holmes s exquisite poem The Chambered\\nNautilus.\\nLine 211. T was Virtue only, etc. Like Aristotle {Polit, V,\\n10, 3). Pope places the origin of kingship in virtue.\\nLine 231. Ere wit oblique, etc. Referring to the separation\\nof the beam of light into its prismatic colors.\\nLine 242. Th enormous faith of many made for one. The\\nmonstrous heresy that many are to serve one, the mania\\nof the Cgesars. Aristotle makes this the basis of his distinction\\nbetween a king and a tyrant. The first regards himself made for\\nthe people, the second the people made for him.\\nLine 265. Then first the Flamen tasted living food. The\\nsacrifice of animals on the altar.\\nLine 266. Next his grim idol smeared with human blood.\\nSee Milton s Paradise Lost, Bk. I, v. 392", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0101.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "94 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nFirst Molock, horrid king, besmear d u ith blood\\nOf human sacrifice and parents tears.\\nLine 306. He can t be wrong whose Hfe is in the right.\\nCowley, on the death of Crashaw, had written\\nHis faith, perhaps, in some nice tenets might\\nBe wrong his hfe, I m sure, was in the riglit.\\nLine 314. Yet make at once their circle round the sun. At\\nonce, i.e., at one and the same time.\\nLine 315. Act the soul. As in Epis. H., line 59, actuate.\\nEpistle IV.\\nLine 6. Overlooked, seen double. O erlooked by those\\nwho place happiness in anything exclusive of virtue seen\\ndouble by those who admit anything else to have a share with\\nvirtue in procuring happiness these being the two general mis-\\ntakes that this epistle is employed in confuting. Warburton.\\nLine 9. Shine. Used substantively. So Whittier\\nTheir vales in misty shadows deep.\\nTheir rugged peaks in shine.\\nThe Hint 02).\\nLine 15. Sincere. Pure, unalloyed.\\nLines 21-26. In these lines the poet refers to the different pliilo-\\nsophic, ethical, and social sects, the Cyrenaic, the Democritic,\\nthe Epicurean, the Stoic, the Protagorean, the Sceptic.\\nLine 66. Content. So Shakespeare uses the word Poor\\nand content is rich and rich enough. Othello, Act III, Sc. 1.\\nLine 74. Skies. Alluding to attempt of Titans to scale\\nOlympus.\\nLine 94. Bliss to vice, to virtue woe, i.e., the false doctrine\\nthat bliss is the product of vice, woe of virtue.\\nLine 99. See Falkland dies. Lucius Gary, Lord Falkland,\\nfell fighting under the imperial standard in the battle of New-\\nbury, 1643. Immortalized by Clarendon.\\nLine 100. God-like Turenne. Henry, Vicomte de Turenne,\\nMarshal of France. Killed by a cannon ball at Sasbach in 1675.\\nLine 101. See Sidney bleeds. Sir Philip Sidney, shot at\\nZutphen, 1586, and died a few days later. Author of the Arcadia.\\nLine 104. Lamented Digby. The Hon. Robert Digby, third\\nson of Lord Digby, died 1724. See Pope s Epitajjhs, VII.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0102.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "NOTES ON AN ESSAY ON MAN. 95\\nLine 107. Marseilles good bishop. M. de Belsance, the\\nheroic Bishop of Marseilles. In the plague of that city in the\\nyear 1720, he distinguished himself by his zeal and activity, being\\nthe pastor, the physician, and the magistrate of his flock, whilst\\nthat horrid calamity prevailed. Warton.\\nLine ^110. A parent to the poor and me. The mother of the\\npoet, Edith Pope, a woman of strong character and sweetness of\\nspirit, died the year this poem was finished, 1733.\\nLine 123. Shall burning ^tna, if a sage requires This is\\nan allusion to the two noted scientists, Empedocles and Pliny,\\nwho perished while exploring the volcanic phenomena of ^tna\\nand Vesuvius.\\nLine 126. Oh, blameless Bethel A friend of Pope s living in\\nYorkshire.\\nLine 130. Chartres head. F. Chartres, a man of infamous\\ncharacter. See Pope s 3Iora/ Essays, with the author s own note,\\nIII, 20.\\nLine 137. Calvin. Protestant reformer and theologian\\n(1509-1564).\\nLine 148. Sighed to lose a day. Alluding to the famous ex-\\nclamation of Titus, on remembering that he had rendered no\\none any help, I have lost a day.\\nLine 153. Tempts the main. The sea.\\nI cannot, twixt the heaven and the mam,\\nDescry a sail.\\nShakespeare, Othello, II, 1, 3.\\nLine 177. Go, like the Indian. Alluding to Epis. I, 99.\\nLine 204. Prunella. Woolen fabric out of which clergy-\\nmen s gowns were made.\\nLine 220. Macedonia s madman, Alexander the Great.\\nSwede. Charles XII. of Sweden.\\nLine 235. Good Aurehus. Marcus Aurehus (a.d. 121 to\\n180), called The Philosopher on account of his ardent devotion\\nto the noblest arts. He was the highest type of a noble Roman.\\nLine 236. As Socrates died from the effects of hemlock. War-\\nton thinks the word bleed is misapphed.\\nLine 240. TuUy s. Marcus Tullius Cicero.\\nLine 244. Eugene living. Prince Eugene of Savoy, com-\\nmander of the royal forces in the war of the Spanish Succession.\\nLine 257. Marcellus exiled feels. One of Caesar s bitterest", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0103.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "96 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nenemies. After the battle of Pharsalia, he fled to Mytilene.\\nAssassinated at Athens on his way to Rome.\\nLine 278. Lord Umbra, or Sir Billy. Sir William Yonge, a\\nsupporter of Sir Robert Walpole.\\nLine 280. Gripus. Gripe is a character in Vanbrugh s Con-\\nfederacy. His wife spends his money.\\nLine 281. Bacon. Francis Bacon, the talented and accom-\\nplished English philosopher, jurist, aivl statesman. While in the\\nadministration of justice (1621) he was tried for bribery. Con-\\nviction and confession followed.\\nLine 283. The whistling of a name. Compare Cowley,\\nCharmed with the foolish whistling of a name. See also\\nVergil Georgics, Bk. II, line 72.\\nLine 284. Cromwell. Note the honors conferred upon the\\nname of Oliver Cromwell in the year 1899, on the three hundredth\\nanniversary of his birth.\\nLine 312. Without the fall, i.e., without any inclination.\\nLine 332. Looks through Nature up to Nature s God, is\\nfrom Bolingbroke s letters to Pope One follows nature and\\nnature s God.\\nLine 341. Hope leads from goal to goal, etc. Read in this con\\nnection Thomas Campbell s exquisite poem. Pleasures of Hope.\\nLine 364. Stirs the peaceful lake. Taken from the simile of\\nthe lake in Chaucer s House of Fame, Bk. II, line 280 If.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0104.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "NOTES\\nON\\nAN ESSAY ON CRITICISM.\\nPart I.\\nLine 9. T is with our judgments as our watches, etc. Evi-\\ndently suggestecf by Sir John Suckhng s,\\nBut, as when an authentic watch is shown,\\nEach man winds up and rectifies his own,\\nSo in our very judgments.\\nEpilogue to Aglaura.\\nLine 16. And censure freely who have written well. See\\nMatthew Arnold s essay on the Function of Criticism at the\\nPresent Time, where the relation between the Creative and the\\nCritical Art is distinctly pointed out.\\nLine 17. Authors are partial to their wit. It is claimed that\\nthe word wit is used in seven different senses in this essay.\\nHere it means genius, creative talent.\\nLine 25. So by false learning is good sense defaced Sound\\njudgment without mental training accomplishes more than men-\\ntal training without sound judgment. Translated from Quin-\\ntilian. Quoted by Pope in the original Latin.\\nLine 34. If Msevius scribble, etc. An inferior Roman\\npoet.\\nLine 80. Soine, to whom Heav n in wit has been profuse.\\nAs a variation from this Pope wrote\\nThere are whom Heav n has blest with store of wit.\\nYet want as much again to manage it.\\nLine 98. Just precepts thus from great examples giv n. For\\nnot by the setting forth of (grammatical) treatises was it brought\\nabout that we invented subject-matter, but all things w-ere talked\\nof before thej^ were formally taught presently, writers noted and\\narranged and then published them. From Quintilian. Quoted\\nby Pope in Latin.\\n7\\n97", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0105.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "98 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nLine 109. Doctor s bills. Prescriptions.\\nLine 129. Mantuan Muse. Vergil, whose home was Mantua,\\nnear which he was born.\\nLine 130. Young Maro. The family name of Vergil,\\nLine 131. A work t outlast immortal Rome designed, etc.\\nVergil, Eclogue VI. It is a tradition preserved by Servius, that\\nVergil began with writing a poem of the Alban and Roman affairs\\nwhich he found above his years, and descended first to imitate\\nTheocritus on rural subjects, and afterwards to copy Homer in\\nheroic poetry. Pope.\\nLine 138. The Stagirite. Aristotle, born in Stagira, Chalcid-\\nice, 384 B.C., died 322 B.C. The most distinguished of Greek\\nphilosophers. Author of many works on logic and metaphysics.\\nTutor of Alexander the Great.\\nLine 150. Pegasus. In ancient mythology a winged horse,\\nsprung from the blood of Medusa when slain by Perseus.\\nLine 180. Nor is it Homer nods, but we that dream. Mod-\\nestly and witli becoming discretion ought people to pass judgment\\nconcerning so great genius, lest (as occurs in most cases) they\\ncondemn something which they do not understand. And if it is\\nnecessary to err in either direction I should prefer to please their\\nreaders in all things than to displease them in many. Transla-\\ntion of Quintilian s words. Pope s quotation of Latin note.\\nLine 183. Secure from flames, from envy s fiercer rage.\\nThe poet here alludes to four great causes of the ravages among\\nancient writings, viz. the destruction of tlie Alexandrian and\\nPalatine libraries by fire the fiercer rage of Zoilus and Maevius\\nand their followers against wit the irruption of the barbarians\\ninto the empire and the long reign of ignorance and superstition\\nin the cloisters. Warburton.\\nPart II.\\nLine 206. In large recruits, i. e., in abundant supply.\\nLine 216. Pierian spring. Pieria was a legendary region in\\nthe northern part of Thessaly. Here legend says Orpheus and the\\nMuses were born.\\nLine 218. And drinking largely sobers us again. Compare\\nBacon s Essay XVI, Atheism A little philosophy inclineth a\\nman s mind to atheism, but depth in philosophy bringeth men s\\nminds about to religion.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0106.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "NOTES ON AN ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 99\\nLine 248. The workVs just wonder. Supposed to be the\\nPantheon or St. Peter s at Rome.\\nLine 266. Once on a time, La Mancha s knight, etc. Taken\\nfrom a spurious (second) part of Don Quixote translated and re-\\nmodelled by Le Sage.\\nLina270. Dennis. John Dennis, literary critic; incurred\\nPope s enmity and held up to scathing ridicule in the Dunciad.\\nLine 308. Take upon content, i. e., upon trust, common in\\nPope s time.\\nLine 328. Unlucky, as Fungoso. See Ben Jonson s Every\\nMan in His Humor.\\nLine 361. Denham. Sir John Denham (1615-1668). Wal-\\nler, Edmund Waller (1605-1687). Both EngUsh poets.\\nLine 372. When swift Camilla scours the plain. Virgin\\nwarrior, queen of the Volscians. Vergil s ^neid.\\nLine 374. Timotheus varied lays surprise. See Alexan-\\nder s Feast, or the Power of Music, ode by Dryden.\\nLine 383. Dryden was Pope s literary model, and the latter often\\nsaid that Drvden had done much for the improvement of the art\\nof versification. He ardently admired Dryden. The only time he\\nsaw him was at Wills Coffee-house in 1699, when he was a boy\\nof twelve years, and the great poet aged and infirm. Dryden\\ndied the year after.\\nLine 391 For fools admire. It need hardly be pomted out\\nthat the nil admirari desiderated by Horace includes moral self-\\nrestraint as well as intellectual equanimity. Ward.\\nLine 420. Let a lord once own the happy lines. You\\nought not to write verses, said George IL, who had little taste, to\\nLord Hervey, tis beneath your rank. Leave such work to\\nUttle Mr. Pope it is his trade. War ton.\\nLine 441. Who knew most sentences. Peter Lombard, an\\nItalian theologian, called Master of the Sentences, from a work\\nhe compiled. Book of Sentences, selections from the theological\\nwritings of the Church Fathers.\\nLine 444. The Scotists were the disciples of Duns Scotus\\n(1265-1308), scholastic. The Thomists were disciples of Thomas\\nAquinas (1227-1274), theologian. These men were founders of\\nrival sects.\\nLine 445. Duck-lane. A place near Smithfield, London,\\nwhere old and second-hand books were sold.\\nLine 459. Parsons, critics. The parson referred to was", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0107.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "100 ALEXANDER POPE.\\nJeremy Collier, a clergyman of the Church of England, who\\nvigorousl} attacked the coarseness of the stage. Critics, allu-\\nsion to the Duke of Buckingham, who ridiculed Dryden s occa-\\nsional inflated style in his plays.\\nLine 463. Sir Richard Blackmore (1650-1729), English physician,\\npoet, and prose writer. Satirizes Dryden. Luke Milbourn, a\\nclergyman, the fairest of critics Pope.\\nLine 465. Zoilus, a Greek rhetorician, and severe critic of\\nHomer.\\nLine 482. Our sons their fathers failing language see. An\\nEnglish critic has said that in fifty years the works of Charles\\nDickens will not be understood.\\nLine 536. An easy monarch s care. Charles II.\\nLine 538. Statesmen farces writ. Refers to the Duke of\\nBuckingham, who wrote The Rehearsal.\\nLine 541. Not a mask. Allusion to the custom of women\\nwearing masks at the play.\\nLine 544. A foreign reign, Of William III.\\nLine 545. The author has omitted two lines which stood\\nhere, as containing a national reflection, which in his stricter\\njudgment he could not but disapprove on any people whatever.\\nPope. The cancelled couplet was\\nThen first the Belgian morals Avere extolled,\\nWe their religion had, and they our gold.\\nLine 546. Priests reformed the nation. The Latitudinarian\\ndivines of the Low Church party.\\nPart III.\\nLines 585, 586. This picture was taken to himself by John\\nDennis, a furious old critic by profession, who, upon no other prov-\\nocation, wrote against this essay and its author, in a manner per-\\nfectly lunatic for, as to the mention made of him in ver. 270,\\nhe took it as a compliment, and said it was treacherously meant\\nto cause him to overlook this abuse of his person. Pope.\\nLine 591. Degrees. Referring to the privilege granted to\\nnoblemen and their sons, to take the degree of M.A. after re-\\nmaining at the University two years.\\nLine 617. Durfey (1650-1723). An English dramatist and\\nhumorous poet of inferior merit.\\nLine 619. Garth. A common slander at that time in preju-\\ndice of that deserving author. Pope.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0108.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "NOTES ON An ESSAY ON CRITICISM. 101\\nLine 628. Paul s church, etc. Before the fire of London,\\nSt. Paul s churchyard was the headquarters of the booksellers, who\\nhave never wholly deserted it. Ward.\\nLine 625. For fools rush in, etc. See Shakespeare s Richard\\nIII, Act I, Sc. 3.\\nLine 648. The Maeonian star. Myeonia, the ancient name of\\nLydia, Asia Minor.\\nLine 651. Stood convinced t was fit. Aristotle wrote\\nNatural History and Poetics.\\nLine 665. Dionysius of Halicarnassus, circ. 30 B.C., Greek\\nrhetorician and historian.\\nLine 667. Petronius Arbiter, of the time of Nero, died 66 a.d.,\\nreputed author of the Satiricon.\\nLine 669. Quintilian (35-95 A.D.), one of the most distinguished\\nof Roman rhetoricians and critics. His Institutions of Oratory\\nwas admiringly studied by Pope.\\nLine 675. Longinus (210-273 a.d.), noted Greek philosopher\\nauthor of Treatise on the Sublime.\\nLine 693. Erasmus (1465-1536). Famous classical and theo-\\nlogical scholar. He revived the learning of the Greeks in the 16th\\ncentury. Was an ecclesiastical writer of note and a controver-\\nsialist.\\nLine 697. Leo s golden days. The learned Leo X, Pope\\n1513-1521. A liberal patron of literature and art.\\nLine 704. A Vida sung. Vida, born at Cremona, in 1480,\\ncelebrated Italian critic and poet. Chief poem, Ar^t of Poetry.\\nLine 709. By impious arms from Latium chased. Allusion\\nto the sack of Rome by the Duke of Bourbon in 1527.\\nLine 714. Boileau, famous French critic (1636-1711). His\\nArt of Poetry, his masterpiece.\\nLine 723. Such was the muse, whose rules and practice tell.\\nReference to the great work of the Duke of Buckingham, Essay\\non Poetry.\\nLine 725. Lord Roscommon (1633-1684). The learned author\\nof Essay on Translated Verse. Intimate friend of Dryden.\\nLine 729. William Walsh (1663-1709), a writer of ordinary\\nmerit, unduly praised by Pope, whose friendship for service\\nrendered warped his judgment of the poet s powers. Of Walsh,\\nDr. Johnson saj^s, he is known more by his familiarity with\\ngreater men, than by anything done or w^ritten by himself.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0109.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0110.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "SILVER, BURDETT COMPANY\\nPUBLISHERS\\nAmerican Writers of To-day. By Henry C.\\nVedder. 2,t^6 pages $1.50\\nA comprehensive and sympathetic analysis of nineteen con-\\ntemporaneous American authors and their books, interwoven\\nwith biographical details.\\nTopical Notes on American Authors. By\\nLucy Tappan. t,^6 pages $1.00\\nTo reveal the personalities of our popular authors by means\\nof many interesting data and characteristic extracts.\\nA History of the United States. By William\\nA. MowRY and Arthur M. Mo wry. 472\\npages. Abundantly illustrated $1.25\\nAn accurate, comprehensive, judicial, and masterly history\\nfor reading, for reference, and fur study.\\nHistorical Atlas and General History. By\\nRobert H. Labberton. Royal 8vo. 219\\npages of text, 198 progressive colored maps,\\n30 genealogical charts $2.50\\nSuch geographical pictures are the best and surest way to\\nteach history, A. H. Sa) ce, of Oxford University.\\nPoems of Home and Country. By Samuel\\nFrancis Smith, 400 pages. Illustrated, $1.50\\nThe only complete and authorized edition of the poems\\nwritten by the author of My Country, T is of Thee.\\nBeacon Lights of Patriotism. By Gen. Henry\\nD. Carrington, U.S.A. 444 pages $1.25\\nIn the eloquent utterances of statesmen, historians, poets,\\ndivines, and soldiers, is gathered a wealth of patriotic literature.\\nSongs of The Nation. Compiled by Col.\\nCharles W. Johnson. r6o pages 75 cts.\\nThis superb collection of the best American songs, with music,\\nfor schools, societies, and homes, includes the patriotic songs most\\nin demand 29 in number; songs for anniversaries and occa-\\nsions, folk songs, religious favorites, the Ijest college songs, etc.\\nFor sale hy the leading booksellers, or sent, postpaid,\\nby the publishers on receipt of price.\\nSilver, Burdett and Company. Boston (219=223\\nColumbus Ave.). New York (29=33 East 19th St.).\\nChicago (378=388 Wabash Ave.)", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0111.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "Other Pitblications of Silver, Bitrdett\\nand Co7npany.\\nBy the Marshes of Minas.\\nBy Prof. Charles G. D. Roberts, author of The Forge in the\\nForest, A Sister to Evangeline, etc. Illustrated. 296 pp. $1.25\\nA volume of connected romances of the old Acadian country. Pro lessor Roberts\\nis now the recognized celebrant of that picturesque and pathetic period when Nova\\nScotia passed from tlie French to the English regime.\\nA Circle in the Sand. A Novel.\\nBy Kate Jordan (Mrs. F. M. Vermilye). 304 pp. $1.50\\nA story of New York, with sketches of life in the office of a great newspaper and\\na strike in the coal mines of Pennsylvania. The story abounds in touches of delicate\\nhumor and pathos.\\nMusic and the Comrade Arts.\\nBy Hugh A. Clarke, Mus. Doc, Professor of Music in the Uni-\\nversity of Pennsylvania. 128 pp. Gilt, uncut edges 75 cents\\nShows, in concise and pleasing style, how the Arts depend upon each other, how\\nthey relate with Science, and yet are subject to aesthetic laws, and how Art s unifying\\nprinciple is Form.\\nAmerican Writers of To-day.\\nBy Henry C. Vedder. 340 pp $1.50\\nCritical and sympathetic analyses of nineteen recent American authors und their\\nbooks, interwoven with graphic personal details.\\nThe Old Northwest. The Beginnings of Our Colonial System.\\nBy B. A. Hinsdale, Ph.D., LL.D., Professor in the University of\\nMichigan. New edition, revised. 420 pp. $1-75\\nThe only adequate monograph on the development of a section which is as much\\na historic unit as New England.\\nOne of the most valuable additions to American history that has recently been\\nmade, says the New York Sun.\\nHistoric Pilgrimages in New England.\\nBy Edwin M. Bacon. 476 pp. 131 illustrations $1.50\\nThe narrative of early New England and its high-souled founders, told pictur-\\nesquely to readers who are supposed to be standing on the very spots where the\\nstirring Colonial drama was enacted. Of keenest interest to all lovers of Yankee-land.\\nThe Rescue of Cuba. An Episode in the Growth of Kree Gov-\\nernment.\\nBy Andrew S. Draper, LL.D., President of the University of\\nIllinois. 192 pp. Elegantly and profusely illustrated $1.00\\nA judicious and inspiring presentation of the War with Spain as another and im-\\nportant step in the world s movement towards human liberty. 1 he best book on the\\nWar, and the problems it has left for our solution. It reads like a novel, says\\nLyman Abbott. It is accurate, says Gen. Wesley Merritt.\\nThe above books are sold by leading booksellers, or will be mailed^ postpaid.,\\non receipt of price.\\nSilver, Burdett and Company, Publishers,\\nBoston. New York. Chicago.", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0112.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3481", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0113.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n014 152 144 5", "height": "3563", "width": "2157", "jp2-path": "popesessayonmane00pope_0114.jp2"}}