{"1": {"fulltext": ",/SF 4 8y\\nCopy j\\n2s^(r 5r^H\u00c2\u00b05v\\\\fc S^H^ 5^(\u00c2\u00ae 5/SjC\u00c2\u00bb 5 Cw 5^? 1\u00c2\u00ae y^f\u00c2\u00bbvw v\\nPoultry\\nPension.\\nxr^5JS^v8^^\u00c2\u00ab^", "height": "2785", "width": "1794", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2690", "width": "1490", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "100 Hens 200 Hens\\n$8.00 per Month. $16.00 per Month.\\ni Poultry Pension,\\nFor the Average Farmer\\nI or\\ni Poultry Man.\\nExactly What to Feed.\\nExactly When to Feed.\\nExactly How Much to Feed.\\nPrice 40 Cents, Postage Prepaid.\\nPoultry Pension,\\nSarcoxie, Missouri\\n1900.\\nThe Sarcoxie Tribune Print.\\nSarcoxie, Missouri.", "height": "2785", "width": "1794", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "3628\\ntvvo r-\\notftta of tkA\\njhn 9 -1880\\nrttjj-Uttr of CtpyffgHft\\nSECOND COPY,\\nCOPYRIGHTED.\\nBY W: R: GLASBY,\\nSARCOXIE, MO. \u00c2\u00a3Uj_\\n62940", "height": "2783", "width": "1572", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION.\\nThis little book is devoted to poultry for\\nfresh eggs for market, from a business point\\nof view, not for fancy or pleasure. The greater\\nthe profit the more the pleasure shows up.\\nA big majority of those who supply the mar-\\nket with esfofs, o-ood, bad and indifferent, do\\nnot know the magnitude of the business, noth-\\ning the average farmer produces comes near it.\\nIt is not our intention to fig-ure out a great big\\nthing for you do your own figuring. We will\\nput you in a position to figure correctly, when\\nyou do. You will find it a bigger thing than\\nyou are aware of, counting capital, labor, etc.,\\ninvested, with little or no risk; no risk at all if\\nyou go at it as a business, in a business way.\\nIt is only risky when you undertake to overdo\\nthe thing, so go at it meaning business.\\nAfter writing three times as much as was\\nnecessary, we carved it down to about one-\\nthird, as it was something- practical and to the\\npoint we were after, knowing from experience\\nthe average farmer or poultryman wanted it in\\nshort metre.\\nWe have tried to give it so you can almost", "height": "2727", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "6 POULTRY PENSION.\\nlearn it by heart, leaving- out a great amount\\nof figures, cuts, etc. We hope it will find its\\nmark, for of all the reckless handling, or not\\nhandling, of poultry, it is done on most farms,\\nthe very place where it shouldobtain its great-\\nest success.\\nAt the present time poultry for fresh eggs is\\nin its prime, there being- a greater demand for\\nfresh eggs than ever. Why? Simply because\\nthev are, most generally, scarce. There are\\nplenty of other kinds, stale, icehouse, etc.. but\\nthese will never supply the demand for fresh.\\nOf course, if you can t get fresh, you take the\\nnext best, so with the market. Of late years\\nthe best of everything goes. Strawberries are\\ngraded right here (we are in a strawberry\\ncountry) before being- put in the car, and at\\nwhat kicking. It is the same in almost every\\nline of produce, and why should it not be with\\neggs. You are in better shape to control that\\npart of the market than most any other pro-\\nducer, let the produce be what it may.\\nCold storage cuts a big figure with almost\\nall other perishable produce, not so with the\\nfresh Qgg, they had just as well brand it -not\\nfresh after storage, for it is known the min-\\nute it gets into market; so with your fresh egg\\\\\\nit is known also. The same egg does not bob\\nup in the market long as a fresh egg; you can t\\nstore it in an ice box and freshen it up every", "height": "2783", "width": "1572", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION.\\nmorning The average farmer and poultry man s\\nfresh egg s bob up pretty reg-ularevery day.\\nAs tor the meat side of the poultry business.\\nthe big packing- and cold storage corporations\\nhandle a larg-e quantity of dressed poultry.\\nThe big corporation is all right in its\\nproper place, but where is its place? They\\nseem to have an awful appetite for\\nall they g*o after. The big- cattle ranches are\\nbeing or trying- to be, corraled by them. We\\nhave heard a great many say they would fin-\\nally corral the farmer. All they lack now is\\nto shut the gate. What could the farmer do if\\nhe would? What sort of a job do you think\\nthey would do towards corraling- the poultry\\nbusiness? They can never corral theold hen,\\nunless by buying- up poultry in larg e quanti-\\nties, storing it and then dish it out in differ-\\nent localities.\\nThe fresh eg-g has g-ot the grip and you have\\nonly the hen that lays the egg to deal with,\\ntreat her rig-ht and you are perfectly safe, you\\nare beneath the notice of these big concerns,\\nsimply because they cannot handle you, nor\\ncan they crush you.\\nIn attempting- to tell exactly how to feed\\nand manag-e poultry to make them pay we\\nhave taken the Averag-e Farmer for a tar-\\nget, althoug-h any one w T ho may read this will\\nsee instantly that it is suitable to all who wish", "height": "2773", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "8 POULTRY PENSION.\\nto try it, and especially those of small means,\\nalso those in cities who are bound down to call\\nof bell or whistle, with no certainty of\\ntheir jobs lasting a month or maybe not a\\nweek. In a great many cases they may be do-\\ning very well, if so, let well enoug-h alone.\\nWho ever may take up this calling- he also\\nbecomes an average farmer, as he will raise a\\ngreat deal besides poultry, in fact the greater\\npart of his living fruit, vegetables, milk, but-\\nter, etc., maybe some for market, as poultry\\nalone, in accordance with this plan, will not\\nkeep him employed as we do not advocate very\\nbig- flocks. We call one hundred laying* hens\\nan average flock. We do not for one minute\\nadvise any one to g-o into it by the thousand,\\nas is the first thoug-ht by a great many, es-\\npecially the amateurs; they are the last ones\\nwho, at first venture, should attempt it on a\\niarg-e scale.\\nProbably after trying- the plan on a small\\nscale you mig-ht enlarge. If you are posted,\\njust think a moment, how many of these one\\nthousand hen poultry farms (for eg-g-s for mar-\\nket) you know of, not that you hear of, but\\nactually know of.\\nSome years ag-o poultry and other papers\\nwere full of accounts of big farms, some of big\\nextent, others contracted to town lots, but do-\\ning- big business, using- various incubators,", "height": "2783", "width": "1572", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 9\\nbrooders, heaters, etc., turning-out broilers by\\nthe wholesale. What has become of them, and\\nthey were expert poultrymen (or writers, one\\nor the other) No, the fresh eggs are not sup-\\nplied from the mammoth poultry iarms. There\\nare special fruit farms, dairy farms, stock,\\netc., where would the market be if it were not\\nfor the average farmer and poultryman who\\nsteps up with his little package of fruit, but-\\nter, eggs, etc., drops it on the pile and moves\\non. The large farm egg is not in it at all, nor\\never w T ill be, that is for fresh eggs for market.\\nYou read of so and so having; an eighty acre\\npoultry farm, another, forty acres devoted\\nto poultry, most generally they do not try to\\nfurnish eggs for the general market. They\\nare fanciers or breeders and they are very es-\\nsential to the average farmer, as you will rely\\non such to improve and keep your stock fresh\\nby buying eggs or roosters from them for that\\npurpose. On most farms they swap eggs or\\nroosters amongst their neighbors; that may do\\nin a few cases, but if you are up to date that\\nwon t suit. For the average farmer, on a\\nreasonable scale, the fresh egg business for\\nmarket, is a permanent thing.\\nThe meat side is furnished just as the egg\\nside; every farmer having a few 7 extra chickens\\nto sell keeps the market well supplied. The\\nsurplus helps pay the feed bill.", "height": "2773", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "10 POULTRY PENSION.\\nSome say the poultry business is overdone,\\nor will be, if everybody goes into it. That is\\nthe beauty of the business, there is no prob-\\nability of it ever being overdone. Where one\\ngoes into the business, two go out, not because\\nit was overdone, for the simple reason it was\\nnot half done, so let us give you a pointer, the\\nthe greatest trouble will not be over doing let\\nyou try ever so hard, so don t be backward.\\nThere are patents for fixtures for running\\nthe business on a large scale. Their advocates\\nclaim that the expense for labor eats up the\\nprofit. For about one or two thousand fowls,\\nlabor, lice, etc., are heavy pull on them. Take\\none hundred hens managed as w T e describe,\\nor any good way, soyougetfull returns (that s\\nthe rub), let the average farmers s wife at-\\ntend to the light work connected with it, the\\nfarmer himself, or boy, or hand, doing the\\nheavy work. After deducting the feed bill,\\nthe wife will have at least $8.00 per month for\\nher labor and she can tell anyone she never\\nhad to labor hard or long at a time.\\nChildren can also attend to a flock; when\\nthey are old enough let them become interest-\\ned in keeping account of everything. It is a\\ngood thing for them, they can pay you for feed,\\netc., but give them the proceeds after paying\\nnecessary expenses, and probably you might\\nhave to borrow money from them, but treat\\nJ", "height": "2783", "width": "1572", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 11\\nthem fair and they will stay with you a long-\\ntime; boy or gfirl, it makes no difference. Only\\nit is better for the g-irl than for the boy as she\\nmay not have to g-o out from home to work, as\\nis the case on too many farms. How many\\ng-irls now are, well no telling-- where, away\\nfrom home, who could have been kept at home\\nby this plan. They may earn $2.50 per week\\n(not often) or $10.00 per month, when she could\\nhave stayed at home and earned, with one\\nhundred hens, $8.00 per month, or with two\\nhundred hens, $16.00 per month. Look at the\\nsatisfaction and pleasure to herself and her\\nparents. As for the labor, you know the value\\nof a hired hand in your locality. How many\\nsuch flocks could he attend to and do a fair\\nday s work besides?\\nThe labor is a stumbling- block for the big-\\nconcerns. You can very seldom g-et help to at-\\ntend to hens as they should be. for that reas-\\non the averag-e farmer has the advan-\\ntag-e he is personally interested. .Instead\\not following- after hired help to see if the\\nwork is properly done, he does it himself, only\\nundertaking- what can be properly handled, in\\nmost cases where he undertakes it on a big-\\nscale, he too g oes to the wall.\\nLabor saving machinery may be all rig ht,\\nbut it is hard on the laborer. Some condemn\\nit, but in every vocation it is eag-erly soug-ht", "height": "2773", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "12 POULTRY PENSION.\\nafter. The farmer himself bites at it as soon,\\nor sooner, than any one, even though he may go\\nin debt for it.\\nAs for labor saving- machinery for the poul-\\ntry business, we don t see where it can come\\nin to any great extent. That also protects the\\nbusiness for the average farmer and poultryman\\nIt has been tried, is being tried now, to see\\nif there is not an opening for capital to take\\nhold of it, as in various other products. Capi-\\ntal is all right and of course there is room for\\nsome of it in the business, but not in quanti-\\nties to suit the capitalists, it also being very\\nrisky. A limited amount of capital is neces-\\nsary, so it naturally falls to the man with lim-\\nited means to furnish the egg market, and that\\nis the man we are after the average farmer\\nand his family and there are others who can\\nalso do well, man or woman, with or without\\nfamilies. Say three or four women club to-\\ngether, live together on a few acres of land,\\nhandling what suit each. You say again, too\\nmany going into the business. In the first\\nplace, some never will make a success of it,\\neven under a plain plan like we suggest. To\\nbe sure if all who are in it now and who have\\nbeen in, and out, for years, the average farm-\\ner, those that may. yet go into it, and all\\nsucceed, there would be plenty of eggs. At\\npresent we are short on fresh eggs. The case", "height": "2760", "width": "1630", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 13\\nis the same the world over. Takeour averagfe\\nfarmer, for instance, in other lines of produce:\\nsome do well, others fail almost entirely. So\\nwith poultry, some come across one of those\\npieces telling what can be done with a thou-\\nsand hens. In they go and out they come.\\nSome can take our plan, attend strictly to\\ndetails, enlarge by degrees, stop short at their\\nlimit, and do well. The little one or two hun-\\ndred hen man is generally on deck. Others\\ncan not take fifty hens and get full returns.\\nIs that any reason why you should fail We\\nsay you will suceeed if you mean business.\\nWe know of a cripple who is not able to do\\nhard labor, that is constantly, but with the\\nhelp of his g-ood wife, makes a gxxxl living\\neasily with two one hundred hen flocks, g-etting\\nhis $16.00 per month pension from his two\\nhundred hens, for fresh eg g s. Raising- most\\nof his own food, vegetables, fruit, milk, butter,\\netc., on forty acres of land.\\nHis neighbor has one hundred and twenty\\nacres of land with a mortg-ag^e hale and hearty,\\nborrows money, in small amounts, occasionally\\nfrom his crippled neighbor. He is a hard\\nworker, is shiftless, but he says there is no\\nmoney in chickens. There probably ain t for\\nhim. Just such cases level the supply on the\\nmarket.\\nTime and again we have been asked, What", "height": "2773", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "14 POULTRY PENSION.\\ndo vou do to et so raanv esrsfs in winter, what\\nkind of chickens have you. what d\\nyou feed, what isthe secret? Asfaras we are\\nconcerned, there isnosecret. and we willingly\\ntell any one what we do, only hoping they may\\nprofit by it. We have asked different ones the\\nfollowing questions in return\\nHave you a hen house?\\nThe greater number say no.\\nWhere do your hens roost?\\nSome in the trees, some at the barn, on the\\nfence and wood pile.\\nDo you feed them regularly\\nNo, they get all the feed they want them-\\nselves.\\nWhere do they get it?\\nAround the barns, pig- pens, oh, all around\\nthe place.\\nDid they g~et all they could eat yesterday\\nand the day before? (Feb. 27 and 28, 1898).\\nWell, no, lots of them never got off their\\nroosts, some of them even froze to death on the\\nfence.\\nHow many eggs did you say you are getting\\na day\\nEggs a day? Why, we don t g et no egg s\\nat all.\\nHow many hens did you set last spring?\\nSeventy or eighty, in spring and summer.\\nHow many eg*g\\\\s do you put under a hen\\nWhen the old woman sets them she puts fif-", "height": "2760", "width": "1630", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION.\\n15\\nteen to twenty eggs to a hen.\\nWho else set any\\nA good many set out in the weeds and all\\naround.\\nHow many young chickens did you take off?\\nDon t know; bout two or three hundred.\\nThe f-ats and pole cats bothered the old hens a\\nheap.\\nWhere did you say the hens were set?\\nMost of them set at the barn, some in a big\\nbrush pile.\\nWho attended to them\\nTended to them how? The old woman and\\nthe children done all the tending to them, I\\nguess.\\nYou say you took off two or three hundred\\nchickens in all, where did you put them\\nSome were in old barrels and boxes, some\\nused under the brush piles. The boxes and\\nbarrels were open so they could go in and out\\nas they pleased.\\nI suppose you raised them all didn t you\\nHush, I don t guess there is seventy-five.\\nWhat do you suppose became of them\\nI told you the rats and pole cats were awful\\nbad and a good many got drowned.\\nYour coops were open so the chicks could go\\nin and out as they pleased; do you think those\\npole cats and rats would go in and out as they\\npleased, too", "height": "2773", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "16 POULTRY PENSION.\\nThey surely must, we are mightily put out\\nwith the chicken business. I guess next year\\nwe will just let them go on their own hook and\\nnot try to raise any; if they raise any them-\\nselves all right, if they don t we won t be out\\nanything\\nThe above is literally true; at one time this\\nvery family had the hen fever terribly bad,\\nand were going at it wholesale. Now they are\\njust letting them go on their own hook and\\nit would be hard to convince them that there is\\nany money in the chicken business.\\nNow just look around you and see if you can\\nfind any who are managing as they did (be-\\nfore thev just let them go on their own hook\\nand are getting no eggs.\\nAs strange as it may seem there are a vast\\nnumber who are in the same boat, maybe lack-\\ning the brush piles and other fixtures that\\nthese people had at hand.\\nWill very much of such management ever\\noverdo the business?\\nNow we want to try and tell you how it is\\ndone, that is for the average farmer and poul-\\ntryman. In fact tell you exactly how it is\\ndone. That is quite an assertion. Bear in\\nmind we do not say it is the only way, but we\\nbelieve as sure, as cheap and as reasonable\\nas any plan that is successful, for those who\\nare getting no eggs in particular.", "height": "2760", "width": "1630", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 17\\nTo the average farmer or poultry man, we\\nwish to state emphatically, this is a business\\nproposition, not very complicated, butif not run\\non business principles you cannot expect full\\nreturns. It would indeed be strange if this\\nplan as we describe, escaped criticism, as\\nopinions differ widely in regard to poultry;\\nmore so in regard to feed, quantity, quality,\\netc.\\nShould you be interested try the plan in full\\nand you will succeed. as sure as a gun is iron\\nas before stated, some never will succeed,\\nneither are all guns iron. This is from actual\\nexperience, as yet, has never failed.\\nTwenty years ago we wondered why some\\none did not tell more particularly what to feed,\\nhow much.\\nWe have found out and propose telling it, so\\nit can be profitably used by others whom we\\nknow are lost when it comes to the feeding for\\neggs for market.\\nThe average farmer, whenever attempting\\nto feed regularly, generally feeds too much.\\nOn the other hand, when he becomes an old\\nhand, he tries to feed them race horse or road-\\nster fashion. We hold to the opinion that the\\nhen wants to be well fed to lay many eggs,\\nmore particularly in winter. On some farms\\nthey get no eggs their hens are too fat.\\nThey are very seldom too fat, with plenty of", "height": "2773", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "18 POULTRY PENSION.\\nrange, unless they are deprived of egg produ-\\ncing material, ground bone, animal food, etc.\\nIf not laying at all they may become too fat.\\nAt no time, by our plan, have we ever had any\\ncomplaint to make, although when killing one\\nto eat, they are sometimes pretty fat. the re-\\nturns from the flock always holding- its own,\\nbut they are surely well fed. Some say differ-\\nent breeds require different treatment, try\\nthis treatment on any of them, for eggs, with\\nrange and scratching pen. Compare it with\\nthe feed and care you read of in some places\\nand see what is lacking The mush and\\nmilk is lacking We have no fault to find\\nwith milk, as it is fine most any time, but soft\\nteed is not in this to any very great extent,\\nWe are not responsible for failure if you do\\nnot follow directions, but will gaiarant.ee suc-\\ncess if you attend to the details, which may\\nappear of little importance. That is the key\\nnote, or secret, as some call it.\\nLOCATION.\\nVarious sections are often mentioned as \u00c2\u00ab-ood\\nlocations for poultry and fruit farms. Some\\nlocalities are more favorable than others, the\\nclimate being- more suitable in the south and\\nsouthwest, say for poultry, small fruits and\\nvegetables in connection.\\nDon t you think you can take this plan and\\nmake it pay where you are, with your poultry", "height": "2760", "width": "1630", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 19\\nhouse built warm enough to suit your locality,\\nthe scratching- pen being essential everywhere,\\nit being a good regulator towards keeping\\nyour hens warm as well as busy. Probably\\nin the extreme south the scratching pen would\\nnot appear so needful, where your fowls have\\nrange in both winter and summer. In some\\ncases it may do to go to new locations to con-\\nduct the business, but you must have the cap-\\nital, no big amount, to buy, improve stock and\\nlive for at least a year, or until you get your flock\\nof laying hens to help you along. In this case\\nbe sure before venturing too far. The man with\\nmoney to burn, needs no such caution. The\\nman with small means can read what the\\nman from the east has done, but he is an ex-\\nception.\\nTo the man with practically no means but\\nbig ideas try and see if you can not get a foot-\\nhold where you are. We have heard some,\\nyes, a great many, say a man in this day and\\nage who has not accumulated something is not\\nmuch account. Be careful that is the very\\none we are trying to reach.\\nAnd great is the man with sword undrawn,\\nAnd good is the man who refrains from wine,\\nBut the man who fails and yet still fight on,\\nLo he is the twin-born brother of mine.\\nJoaquin Miller.", "height": "2773", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "20\\nPOULTRY PENSION.\\nLike kk the man from the east we believe\\nSouth and Southwest Missouri, Arkansas,\\nTexas, etc., will some day be a great poultry\\nproducing 1 section, especially for winter egg\\nproduction, the same being produced there\\ncheaper than in the colder climate of the north.\\nWe do not say the north will be depopulated,\\nto the contrary the business will pay there as\\nwell as it ever did, or anywhere, north, south,\\neast or west, according to the management\\nthat tells the tale in any locality.\\nSo go slow, make no rash moves to new lo-\\ncalities, unless you can go prepared, and it\\nmight be a good idea to go prepared to come\\nback.\\nHEN HOUSE.\\nWe will take it for granted you have some\\nfowls, if not you will have some, but don t\\noverdo the thing-, only keep what you can take\\nproper care of. If you already have a hen\\nhouse add to it in any shape or style until you\\nget the required ground space mentioned be-\\nlow, for if you expect to take the treatment,\\ntake it according to directions; but we don t\\nexpect you to give up what you already have,\\nbut you will see where you are lacking- and\\ncan act accordingly.\\nThe ground room in the house is what we\\nwant to commence on, and we must have it, as\\nthere are times when all the outside range in\\ni", "height": "2725", "width": "1852", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 21\\nyour state is of no avail, especially when cov-\\nered with snow, or very cold days,\\nWe will give you our plan for building and\\nassure you anv new building* you may wish to\\nput up can not be put up much cheaper to an-\\nswer the purpose. For one hundred hens we\\nbuild 24 x 24 feet square, 4 feet high on each\\nside and 10 feet in the center, with a roof slop-\\ning- both ways. Some may say, in fact often do.\\nthat four feet is not hig-h enough. We are\\nbuilding- for chickens, you spend butlittle time\\nin the house under the 4 feet, and it rises very\\nquickly to 10 feet. Be your own judg-e and ar-\\nchitect, but save the ground room.\\nOne end of house should face the south, with\\ndoors in end to suit yourself. You may think\\nthat considerable ground room for 100 hens;\\nmy friend, we are coming- rig-ht close to the\\nsecret of winter laying If you expect eg-g-s\\nin cold freezing- weather, you are bound to have\\nit, you want some windows in the south end;\\nsay you have your door in center of south end,\\nput window sash on each side of door, not over\\ntwo feet irom the ground. It is hardly safe for\\nus to tell you how much glass to put in as you\\nmight think we had glass to sell, but put in\\ntwo sash side by side on each side of door, at\\nthe corners of the house. You want more glass\\non east side of the house. It would be mighty\\nnice to commence at the southeast corner of", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "22 POULTRY PENSION.\\nthe house and go north half way. Now don t\\nget excited, your hens will more than pay for\\nit many times, if you follow directions. As for\\nthe material for the house, we see no use for\\nvery expensive houses.\\nWe do not propose to go into figures, esti-\\nmating- cost of houses, cost of feed, labor, etc.,\\nnor do we intend trying- to fig-ure what a big\\nthing you have in this plan of management, it\\nis of no use whatever, to any one interested,\\nas they are certain to figure the cost before\\never making a move, besides one set of figures\\ncannot suit all localities, so you must do your\\nown figuring in every case, then you will know\\nmore about it than it we undertake it for you.\\nYou want your house close, no draft, warm in\\nwinter and cool in summer. We use common\\nboxing, or barn siding, painted, with the crack\\nwell battened. For the roof you can use the\\nsame, shingles, felt or whatever you choose.\\nYour locality will have something to do with\\nit.\\nHow many in your\u00c2\u00abneighborhood have as good\\nhen house?\\nFor inside arrangements we will only state\\nthe more particular parts. For the roosts,\\ncommence in the center of the north end and\\ngo six feet each way, put up ten roosting poles,\\neach being twelve feet long, have them up five\\nfeet from the ground and fifteen inches apart.", "height": "2725", "width": "1852", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 23\\nWe make the frames for roosts solid, not swing-\\ning all on a level, the five feet being- plenty\\nhigh and handy should you wish to take chick-\\nens from the roosts. You now have north end\\nof house, twelve by twelve feet square, for a\\nroosting place We enclose this room up to the\\nroof, in fact make a house within a house, the\\nidea being- to keep your laying stock, all others\\nof course, warm in winter. The room has no\\ndirect contact with the outside, only on north\\nend, which must be close, and the roof also.\\nThis room in its present shape, becomes\\nvery warm in summer, we put two shutters,\\nsix feet long and one foot wide, even with the\\nbottom of the roosts, in each, side of roosting\\nroom, north and south, the north doors or\\nshutters opening on outside of main house. \u00c2\u00abSBy\\nopening these doors and the corresponding-\\ndoor in south end of main house, you obtain\\nventilation in the warmest weather. On each\\nside of the roosting room you have a space six\\nfeet by twelve feet. One side is for the laying\\ndepartment; make and place the nests to suit\\nyourself, but make them all movable. We use\\nboxes when we can get them of proper size\\nand shape; one foot square is about right.\\nThis room is ample for a flock at this house.\\nIn the southeast corner of main house put a\\ndusting bin, or box, rigmt in the corner in the\\nsun. Do not make it too small, say eight by", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "24 POULTRY PENSION.\\neight feet; have it even with bottom of sash so\\nthe sun can get a good sweep at it; have a\\ntight bottom and keep it supplied with dirt,\\nsay road dust, fill it in the fall; also have a\\nfew barels or boxes full for renewing. Step in\\nsome cold day and watch the hens in it, al-\\nthough they will use it the year through.\\nFor the floor of your house, take your choice,\\nsome prefer one and some another. We have\\nalways had a dirt floor; if too low, fill up and\\noccasionally take out from eight to twelve\\ninches, put it on your onion bed and put in\\nfresh dirt well tamped down, sprinkling with\\nwater as you tamp, to make it solid.\\nThere is no fancy work attached to this plan,\\nbut if you attend to business you will soon be\\nable to put on a few extra touches; but go\\nslow. You are aware by this time that this\\nbook is intended for those at the bottom, that s\\nthe place to begin. We are now coming pret-\\nty close to the secret of healthy fowls.\\nIn first writing this book for the average\\nfarmer, we had fourteen pages devoted to lice,\\ntelling a lot nonsense about their habits, loca-\\ntion, etc., having also anumberof cuts of same.\\nAfter re-reading it, we politely threw the\\nwhole amount out! After getting started we\\ncarved right and left, but we want to assure\\nyou you have not missed a single thing by it;\\nto the contrary, you are the gainer, as you", "height": "2725", "width": "1852", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 25\\nwill make time by its omission. You will be\\njust as able to deal with the lice without it-\\nIf vou neglect this part of the plan you had\\nbetter build no house at all, we honestly mean\\nit. Just let them go on their own hook\\nroosting- where they please, for with a lousy\\nhen house you have various diseases, so called,\\nwhen in reality, the lice are the cause of the\\nwhole thing, in order to beat them you have\\ngot to be vigilant. Clean out from under your\\nroosts, the year round once a week, going- into\\nroosting room from a door in north end of\\nsame; with a wheel barrow, it is a short job,\\nwheeling the manure right on to your g-arden,\\nthere is money in it. Sprinkle a little dirt\\nunder roosts occasionally. At anv time, should\\nroosting pen smell bad, more particularly in\\ndamp weather, dissolve a small amount of\\ncopperas in the water and sprinkle, air slacked\\nlime is g-ood. Whitewash, you know, won t\\nhurt your house, but by cleaning out the ma-\\nnure once a week you do not give the lice much\\nshow in that direction, which is a great source\\nfor them.\\nThere is another verse belonging to this se-\\ncret the roosts. Some say sassafras poles,\\ncedar, two by four scantling, with the corners\\nrounded off, etc., etc. Take your choice. We\\nhave never found one any better than the\\nother as far as lice are concerned. They do", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "26 POULTRY PENSION.\\njust as well on one as the other, as they do not\\nseem to be very particular. We get nice,\\nstraight poles from the woods, all knots cut\\noff smooth.\\nWhat ever your choice, oil them once a week\\nwith coal oil; we use a quart bottle, with a\\nquill, or small pipe stem, put through the\\ncork. The first time you oil them it will take\\nsome oil, but when you get them saturated and\\noil them regularly once a week, it won t take\\nmuch at a time. The quantity does not cut\\nmuch of a figure as the hens will foot the bill,\\nprovided you do your part.\\nBuild as fine a hen house as you wish, feed\\nand care for them otherwise, but if you do not\\nkeep them clean and oil your roosts, your suc-\\ncess, if any at all, will be very moderate. We\\nhave heard some say, all that is a heap of\\ntrouble. Right there the curtain falls. When\\nwe tell you how easy it is to obtain a pension\\nof from $8.00 to $16.00 per month (more accord-\\ning to your ability, less according to your dis-\\nability) from your poultry, you will plainly\\nsee it is sure necessary to pay attention to\\nthese little details.\\nFigure the cost; if you can beat it at any-\\nthing else w r ith as little labor, don t be hoggish,\\nlet us hear from you. We mean on an average\\nfarm.\\nSay, brother, right here we put up the bars.", "height": "2714", "width": "1619", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 1 1\\nWe came very near asking you a question\\nwhich it would take a good one to answer.\\nShould we have asked it, we might have at-\\ntempted to answer it, in that case we know\\nsome of you might have been offended, so we\\nwill just let it go until another time.\\nIf you will figure a little, you see you have\\nthree hundred and sixty feet of the ground space\\nof your house left after cutting off your roost-\\ning and laying room.\\nHere comes another secret it ought not\\nto be such a great secret as it has been pub-\\nlished time and again, but there is no doubt of\\nit beinjr a secret to some. You who have read\\nof it often, don t see why it should be a secret,\\nalmost too true to mention, some take no pa-\\npers at all that ever mention anything relative\\nto their especial calling. Instead of taking\\none or more good agricultural journals, and\\nalso poultry papers, they barely take their\\ncounty paper, in lots of cases not even that.\\nSay, for land sake don t say a word about it,\\nbut we have been in lots of houses where the\\nonly paper they get is one wrapped around\\nsome purchase made in the country town, and\\nis not always on account of poverty that they\\ntake none. We wish to tell our average farm-\\ner that we havcno ax to grind at all, but if\\nyou want to keep posted after starting in on\\nthis plan of managing poultry for fresh eggs,", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "28 POULTRY PENSION.\\ntake some good papers; they are almost giving\\nsome of them away. Keep posted and you will\\nfind many suggestions; you can t near try al]\\nof them, but sift them and you will find many\\nthat are usetul.\\nSome years ago we first read of the scratch-\\ning pen, had we tried it at that time we would\\nhave done a great deal better than we have\\nAfter waiting eight or ten years we adopted\\nit. With us it was the missing link; as it is in\\nany other calling, so it is with the poultry\\nbusiness, to slight the undertaking in what\\nmay appear of little consequence, sometimes\\nwrecks the whole thing.\\nWe aim to tell you just what is needful, no\\nmore, no less. Of course you may improve on\\nit, but don t cut down. On some farms the\\nonly eggs they g et in winter come from the\\nbarn; what few hens that get therethrough the\\nsnow, with those that roost there, on the farm-\\ning implements, etc., find a place to scratch,\\nbut even those do not lay as they should, lack-\\ning a full ration of egg* producing food, bone,\\nmeat, etc. Water also is scarce at barn and\\neverywhere else in cold, freezing weather, if\\nnot provided. Yes, but they eat snow. So\\nwould you if you had to, but you know it\\nwon t satisfy.\\nIn the foregoing, we have merely given you a\\nfair start at what is needed in the way of a", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENvSlON. 29\\nhouse. There may be other things needed\\nwhich you will soon see. Say you want an ex-\\ntra sash in north end of roosting pen, forlight,\\npoultry do not like to go in a dark place to\\nroost; or it may be more light in the laying\\nj room, hens would rather lay in the dark, and\\nrarely go in there only to lay, thus\\nj keeping out of mischief in a room intended only\\nfor business.\\nIn the northeast corner of house, adjoining\\nthe roosting room, we have a small grainery\\n(a large dry goods box) with a partition in it.\\nholding from twenty to twenty-five bushels, say\\nten bushels of oats and ten bushels of wheat,\\nfor scattering in the straw in the scratching\\npen. It is raised two and one-half feet from\\nthe ground, or floor, giving plenty of room for\\nhens to g*o under to scratch. To look at it,\\nunder there would look like a good place for\\nnests, don t put any there nor anywhere else,\\nonly in laying room.\\nLAYING OR SITTING ROOM.\\nIn the division of house, we have left six by\\ntwelve feet for your laying and setting room.\\nThis room would also be better enclosed. You\\nsee there is only one side of it open, you might\\nenclose it up solid the height of the low side,\\nfour feet, with lattice or wire, the balance of\\nthe way. By having the room tight you can\\njust set an old setting hen on the outside or on", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "30 POULTRY PENSION.\\nthe roost, close it up and she can t get back to\\nthe nest at least until morning-. Such treat-\\nment will most generally break up a great\\nmany hens, especially hens best suited for\\neggs for market.\\nIn regard to the nests, you can make good\\nand cheap ones for layers, out of common four\\nfoot lath, making the bottom, front and back\\nwith the lath, with a solid partition between\\neach nest, high enough so hens won t bother\\neach other. Make four nests to each length\\nof lath, that number being easy to take out of\\nhouse at one time for cleaning, renewing, etc.\\nThis room, as stated before, will be some-\\nwhat dark; all the better for your laying hens,\\nbut as you will have to be in there occasional-\\nly attending to your setting hens etc., you\\nmight make a door in the north side to enter,\\nleaving it open for your setting hens to come\\nout for exercise, water, etc.\\nDon t let the nests get filthy, renew them oc-\\ncasionally, sprinkling- sulphur or some insect\\npowder in them, also keep the whole room clean\\nand in shape; it won t take long at a time nor\\nwill it have to be done often. None of your\\nfowls should be allowed to roost in there. The\\nhouse, as divided, has one apartment for each\\ncertain purpose. For one hundred hens we\\nprovide twenty-five or thirty nests.\\nNow listen, more trouble: every morning, the", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 31\\nwhole year through, we put a nest egg in each\\nnest, provided we do not have permanent nest\\nesrirs. We have not missed doing so for five or\\nsix years, not even one morning.\\nThere are artificial nest eggs, but we have al-\\nways used the hens eggs for the purpose,\\nmaking a very small mark on one end w r ith a\\nlead pencil, so there will be no possibility of us-\\ning the same egg twice for a nest egg, as they\\nwill soon spoil, especially in summer, and if\\ntaken to market will hurt your reputation as a\\nfresh egg poultryman or farmer. The mark\\nbeinjr so small the merchant nor anvone else\\nwill notice them. It may look a little suspi-\\ncious to some, as though the eggs might have\\nbeen marked for setting purpose, or had been\\nset, but we have never heard any complaint.\\nOn the contrary, it acted as our trade mark\\non one occasion. One afternoon my wife and\\nself were away from home, and somebody came\\nand cleaned up the hen house of eggs, amongst\\nthem being the nest eggs with the little pencil\\nmark. We suspicioned certain parties, went\\ndirect to the store where they do their trading\\nand asked the merchant il they had brought in\\nany eggs lately. He said they had. We went\\ndirect to a tub of eggs and there found the\\neggs with the mark on them. The merchant\\nhad never noticed the mark; but am glad to\\nsay it is not necessary to mark them for that", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "32 POULTRY PENSION.\\npurpose.\\nThe egg gourd makes a very good nest egg,\\nbut when seasoned they become rather light\\nweight, the hens raking them around with\\ntheir bills out of nest on floor, etc. We believe\\nif there were made a small hole in one end and\\nshot put in to make them heavier they would\\nanswer for nest eggs, but you will probably\\nnot notice your nests so closely as you would\\nwere you putting nest eggs out every morning.\\nA great many will say that it is too much trou-\\nble. How on earth do you expect to earn your\\n$8.00 to $16.00 a month, are you doing as well\\nat anything else, especially something for\\nnothing Now you see it and now you don t.\\nPoultry confined in small quarters do not\\nneed nest eggs nor much of anvthing else but\\nmore room. Where they have plenty of range,\\nas by our plan, we have found the nest eg gs of\\nbenefit. Very few hens will lay anywhere\\nelse but in the room intended for the purpose;\\nthere is one thing you will get very nearly\\nevery single egg laid on the place, with nest\\neggs, provided you keep up all along the line;\\nit all goes together. The young pullets long\\nbefore beginning to lay, find out where the\\nnests are and go right to them when they are\\nready for business.\\nWe do not claim that the nest egg will make\\nthe hens lay any more eggs, they will lay just", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 35\\nas many, but you may not find them all, and\\nmay have a great deal more trouble hunting-\\nwhat you do find than the putting- out of nest\\neofg s would have been. Now can t you plainly\\nsee the shortest route of the two is the nest\\neg-g- You not only g-et all of the eg-g-s, but\\nyou g-et them regularly every day, while if the\\nhens laid everywhere some eg-g-s are often from\\none to three weeks old when run across; then\\nwhere would you be in the fresh eg-g- business?\\nNo, we are trying- conscientiously to save you\\ntrouble rather than otherwise.\\nThe eg-g-s are g-athered every evening- just\\nbefore or after feeding-. It is better for one\\nperson to attend to the hens all throug-h, feed-\\ning-, etc.; hens are partial to a degree in that\\nrespect. There is no use of running- to the\\nnest every time a hen cackles, as is the cus-\\ntom on some farms, especially with the chil-\\ndren, and somebodv else s come to stay all\\nday, make a dive for the hen house, scaring-\\nevery hen off to see how many eg-g-s are under\\nthem. Children can be of great help in the\\nbusiness when old enoug-h, eventually tend to\\na flock of their own. Fowls are naturally shy\\nbut by kind and g-entle treatment they become\\nquite familiar, but rush into their laying- room\\noff and on all day and they are, from nature,\\ninclined to move their place of laying- rather\\nthan be disturbed. It is not necessary, it is", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "34 POULTRY PENSION.\\nhandier to gather the egg\\\\s at a regular time,\\none person attending- to them; especially when\\nlaving-, they are not near so shy. Should you\\nwish a chicken to eat, don t call everv one at\\nhand, armed with clubs, rocks, etc., and two\\nor three dogs, and then sail out after a chicken.\\nHave a coop for the purpose, putting- in what\\nchickens you wish to dispose of or eat; you\\nthen have them handy. If spring- chickens are\\nripe just pick them up out of feeding coops\\nwhile feeding- them, pen them up, feeding- and\\nwatering- them g-ood, they soon become fine for\\nthe table or market. Have a small iron rod\\nabout the size of a lead pencil, bent at one end\\nin such a shape that it will g-o around their\\nleg-, but will not slip over the foot as you draw\\nthem to you. When your neighbor calls to see\\nyou bringing- a dog or two with him, gets seat-\\ned and his dogs begin taking in the bone meal\\nboxes, hens nests, etc., just say, I ll be back\\nin a minute. Go for those dogs with anything\\nyou can get hold of, you will miss them nine\\ntimes in ten.\\nA CHEAP POULTRY HOUSE.\\nWhen approximating the cost of housing\\nfowls comfortably and well, one dollar per\\nhead is considered a proper estimate here in\\nNew England.\\nNearly every hen house on my farm, in fact\\nevery one that is arranged for laying stock,", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 35\\nhas its annexed stratching pen, tight roof,\\nsides and back, with open front covered by\\nwire netting- to admit the air. These fronts\\nare provided with oiled muslin curtains which\\ncan be opened and closed at will during very\\ncold, stormy weather, hinged at top or on the\\nend, whichever may be most convenient for\\nhooking- the frame up out of the way when not\\nin use.\\nIn the fall ot 98 I had about 125 extra late\\nhatched pullets that must need either be housed\\nor sold then at a sacrifice. I bought some sec-\\nond grade spruce timber and hemlock boards\\nfor $14.00 per thousand feet. The sills 4x4\\ninches were set on cedar posts with a stone\\nunderpinning between posts. Balance of\\nframing, 2x4 spruce. The lumber was all\\n14 and 16 feet in length, which cui with very\\nlittje waste. The roof was covered with pack-\\ning paper and over this two-ply tarred felting-\\nkept well washed with g-as tar.\\nThe interior is 14x28, with a partition from\\nthe front to rear, making two rooms 14x14.\\nThe platforms or floors or roosting- pens are\\nraised two feet from the sills and are four feet\\nwide. These extend the entire depth of each\\nroom, running- along the partition, which of\\nc6urse, is in the hig-hest part of the house.\\nThis arrangement leaves the entire floor space\\nto be used as a scratching room or pen. The", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "36 POULTRY PENSION.\\ninside doors, or those over the roosts, are ar-\\nranged so as to shut down flush with the edge\\not dropping boards. During cold weather\\nthese make a cupboard-like arrangement for\\nthe hens to roost in, while in summer the doors\\nare left hooked up at all times, which leaves\\nthe roosting place practically as cool as would\\nbe an open shed.\\nSmall windows for ligmt and ventilation are\\nput in front of each roosting room, and one\\neach on side of the shed part. The laying-\\nnests are arranged around these latter pens.\\nIn buildings of this kind we can scatter the\\nbirds about the farm on the colony plan with-\\nout having any yards. Where it was neces-\\nsary to confine the flock the house could set in\\nan enclosure or have adjoining yards.\\nThe pullets that were housed in this build-\\ning in November were quite small and imma-\\ntured Barred Plymouth Rocks, but with these\\nlodgings they developed rapidly and com-\\nmenced laying early, keeping up a remarkable\\negg yield throughout the entire season. I have\\nanother lean-to shed fixed up after the same\\nprinciples, with only one pen, the pullets in\\nthis shed were the best layers on thefarm last\\nwinter.\\nI have spent over twenty years of my life in\\nconnection with practical poultry keeping and\\ndifferent methods and have yet to learn of a", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 37\\nbetter plan to keep hens in a laying- condition\\nduring- the winter months.\\nApponaug-, R. I. D. J. Lambert.\\nThe above was taken from the Farm Jour-\\nnal published at Philadelphia, Pa., by the\\nWilmer Atkinson Company, and written by a\\npoultryman who has been in the poultry busi-\\nness for over twenty years and he finds the\\npoultry house, as described to you by us, as\\njust the thing We may differ a little, but in\\nno case does it change the jreneral structure.\\nYou may also think a little different, but as a\\nwhole you can t beat it. It gives us pleasure\\nto have the endorsement of such a man as D.\\nJ. Lambert, Apponaug-, R. I. Our plan is of\\nour own selection, after trvin\u00c2\u00ab- various other\\nplans.\\nSETTING THE HENS.\\nIn setting the hens you have the same object\\nin view as you do all throug-h, eg-g-s in winter.\\nIt is the early hatched pullet you have to rely\\non for eg-g-s in winter, consequently you must\\nset your hens early\\nDon t keep on setting- throug-h the whole\\nyear unless you have an object in it. If your\\nobject is to keep them throug-h the winter, you\\nw r on t find much pension in a late hatched pul-\\nlet, as they won t lay until tow r ards spring-,\\nbut will eat just the same. Bear in mind we\\nare fig-uring- on the one flock ol one hundred", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "38 POULTRY PENSION.\\nhens. If you should only have fifty and do not\\nwish to enlarg-e, take it at one half; if you have\\ntwo hundred, double it and so on. The above\\nmay sound strang-e to some, but try it on ten\\nby taking- it at one-tenth, and you are all\\nrig-ht. For the averag-e farmer and poultry-\\nman it is what we call a soft snap, written for\\nyour especial benefit. It is only necessary for\\nyou to raise fifty pullets every year to keep\\nyour one hundred winter layers in shape.\\nEach fall fifty of your hens will two years old\\nnext spring- and fifty one year old next spring-.\\nThe fifty you raise each spring- takesthe place\\nof your coming- two year olds; each fall you\\nsell off your two year olds. There may be\\nsome exceptions, say in extra layers or early\\nmoulting\\nBefore describing- the manag-ement of the\\nsetting- hens, we will say it does not make so\\nvery much difference about what kind of stock\\nyou have, that is to beg-in on; you can improve\\nthem every year by g-etting- new blood, in eg-g-s\\nor males. You can soon have a g*ood flock\\nof any breed that may suit your fancy, but treat\\nthem well and any of them will respond to\\ng-ood treatment. Sometimes you may thinkone\\ncertain hen an extra g-ood layer; set all her\\neg-g-s you can g-et.\\nWe have one hen, Blackleg s, which isnine\\nyears old, Old Blue is eig-ht years old; they", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 39\\nwere the best hens with young chickens we\\never saw. They are very uncertain now as to\\nsetting they do not commence laying- until near\\nspring they are privileg-ed characters, never\\nhaving- had any disease, and I g-uess the lice\\nhave not hurt them. In the spring- when they\\ncommence laying- they make as much noise as\\nany of them. We never fail to set all their\\neg-g-s that are on time. Blacklegs is an in-\\ncubator chicken; as for their breed, they are\\nmore Leghorn than anything- else. In their\\nearly days we had all colors and kinds, but\\nby keeping the best we now have a pretty gxx d\\nstock of Leg-horns of our own build. You can\\ndo the same with any breed you prefer. We\\nhave often heard a great many lay the blame\\naltog-ether on their chickens, because they\\ng-ot no eg-g-s It is not their fault at all, al-\\nthough some are, we think, better eg-g- pro-\\nducers than others, any of them will bearg-ood\\ntreatment.\\nTo supply the fifty pullets it is only neces-\\nsarv to set ten hens. This will seem strang-e\\nto a great many, but let me tell you, it is the\\nnumber of chickens you raise out of a g-iven\\nnumber, not the number of hens you set. If\\nany one person had the amount of eg-g-s wasted\\ninsetting-, they would have a pretty fair in-\\ncome.\\nTo some, the idea of only setting- ten hens in", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "40 POUlTRY PENSION.\\none year we know appears strange, more so to\\nthose who are use to setting them the vear\\nround, when and wherever they come across\\nthem. We never set a hen outside of the hen\\nhouse, notwithstanding- the hen that steals her\\nnest out gets great credit in some places, she\\nhas got to make a complete job of it before we\\ncome across her, if it were any trouble to get\\nsetting- hens in the henhouse, it would be dif-\\nferent. You know they are taught to lay in\\nthe house, and that s where they go to setting.\\nThey are taught, also, to lay in the winter,\\nso by spring there is no scarcity of setting\\nhens, in fact a great many morethan are need-\\ned, by this plan, provided they are of the set-\\nting kind.\\nWe set our ten hens in each house from the\\nfifteenth to the lasi of March, so as to have the\\nchickens all off in April, which isearly enough,\\nand the weather settled, the chicks all grow-\\ning off finely, will make good winter layers, if\\nfed and cared for as directed. You know they\\nwill do better than those hatched in February\\nor March and left to rustle for themselves, the\\nold hen tied to a tree with a string to her leg;\\nthat is common. Of all the makeshifts that\\ntakes the cake, and some of these very people\\nwill tell you that they take good care of their\\nchicks. They may think so, but w r hy they do\\nit is hard to understand. If you have good", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 41\\nwarm coops with a run for each coop, you can\\ndo the fair thing- bv them, but as stated be-\\nfore, you can do a better job by waiting- until\\nthe proper time. In the early spring- how often\\ndo you hear, Have you g-ot any young- chickens\\nyet? No. Why we have g-ot one hen hatched\\nand eig-ht more setting-.\\nHow many young- chickens has your hen\\ng-ot? Generally they say five or six. Ask\\nthem two months later and you will find you\\nare ahead of them. At the end of the season\\nthey may tell you they have set from fifty to\\neig-hty hens, but the pole cats, rats and etc.,\\nwere awful bad; that they did not get througm\\nwith many. After trying- the ten hen plan,\\nwith five g-ood coops and runs you can tell\\nthem you only set ten hens, took off one hun-\\ndred and ten chicks (a low estimate some\\nyears) and raised one hundred and five.\\nWhich one, or are you both overdoing- the\\nchicken business, only taking- different routes?\\nIt is all rig-ht to be up to date provided you are\\nfixed for it.\\nOur plan is comparatively easy,\\nmuch more pleasant and profitable.\\nYour hens, after laying- in fall and win-\\nter, will be plenty early wanting- to set; some\\ntoo early, but don t get excited and set some\\nso you can blow around the neig-hborhood that\\nyou have hens setting-. The principal time is", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "42 POULTRY PENSION.\\nin the wind up, not what you set but what you\\nraise. We have five double boxes to set the\\nten hens, a common cracker box does very\\nwell, with solid partition between each nest,\\nalways setting two hens at the same time;\\ndon t fool away the time with setting- one hen\\nat a time; shouldthere be only one hen wanting-\\nto set, let her alone, not in your double box,\\nas it is not in your hen house, they are only\\nused for setting- hens in; when another hen is\\nready, fix up your double box, making- plenty\\nof nest, sprinkling- some sulphur or insect\\npowder on same, carefully select fifteen egg s\\nfor each hen, that is enoug-h. Some put twen-\\nty and even more, they think the more the bet-\\nter, everything- on a big- scale, only as to re-\\nsults.\\nThis double box is perfectly tig-ht all over,\\nhaving- a door, with leather hing-es, to close up\\nso other hens cannot bother them, nor those\\npole cats, rats, weasles, etc., that your neigh-\\nbor spoke of, but your hens must have air, so\\nyou will bore plenty of holes small enoug-h so\\na mouse cannot g-et in, all around, front, back\\nand sides; it is also better to sprinkle the\\nnests and hens occasionally with insect pow-\\nder or sulphur up to the third week after set-\\nting-.\\nWhen your hens have been setting- a day,\\ntake some corn in a shallow pan or box, open", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 43\\neach double nest and feed them on their nests.\\nIt may be neither of them will eat the first time\\nbut they will soon come to it. Have a regular\\ntime to feed them every day. notice that none\\nof the grain falls in their nests, as it will\\ntempt other hens to scratch in their nests\\nwhile they are off, it is not often they wish to\\nleave their nests more than every other day.\\nLeave the doors down so they can go out for\\nwater, exercise, etc., the water, of course, al-\\nways being- handy and in the same place at\\nall seasons, they know just whereto go. Most\\ngenerally some laying hen takes their nest the\\nmoment they go off. Notice when the setting\\nhens begin going back; see that they g-et\\ntheir own nest; they may gx on another nest.\\nPut the laying- hen out of her nest and lift her\\non gently. You may not have gotten hold of a\\njrood hen in the start and she may stay off too\\nlong. Walk around her and most generally\\nshe will go back. If she does not appear to\\nmean business, bear w r ith her until you g-et\\nanother, there are plenty most generally want-\\ning to set; put the other one up, she will soon\\ngo to laying- again.\\nOne of the greatest sources for lice is the\\nsetting hen. By this plan you do not spend\\nmuch time with the setting hen unless you\\nmanage as some do. Never break up a hen;\\nthat won t do, put them in a coop a few days.", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "44 POULTRY PENSION.\\nDon t let them hatch lice, there is no money in\\nthem. There being- one hundred hens in each\\ntiock and you only set ten out of them, if of\\nthat nature or breed, all will want to set dur-\\ning- the season. We have a special double coop\\nfoT breaking- setting- hens, letting- out one side\\nat a time, feeding- and watering- them well,\\nafter breaking- them up, or at the lime, is a\\na g-dod time to disposeof someof your two year\\nold stock, as they will weig-h well.\\nIt is natural for some to say, too much trou-\\nble. Well, try the fifty or eig-hty hen plan,\\nset here and yonder all through the season.\\nNotice the ages of your pullets in the fall; see\\nhow many of them will lay that fall or winter.\\nHave often read, not feed setting hens on the\\nnest. In ten or twelve years trial, have not\\nfound anv fault with it. After attending to\\nyour poultrv by this plan, in every detail, or\\nany other good plan, if you do not make some\\nheadway in improvement in different lines you\\nare not as deeply interested as you should be.\\nYou could, or may, have a different room for\\nyour setting hens; not a bad idea at all, pro-\\nvided you also give them the proper attention.\\nOur principal object is to start you, trying to\\nget you to abandon some of the old time poul-\\ntry fixtures, brush piles, fence corners, etc.\\nWhen your hens commence hatching, once a\\nday notice and see that the egg shells do not", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 45\\ncover another egg. Take then out of the nest.\\nWhen nearly through hatching take one hen\\noff, the one you may select as liable to be the\\nbest mother, put he with what chickens are\\ndry* in a roomv box, leaving- the other hen to\\nfinish the job. When finished put the hen and\\nchickens out in the coops, put your other hen\\nin the setting coop. She is in good condition,\\nbeing well fed will soon gx to laying. Grease\\nher well under the wing s and body before put-\\nting her in coop. Also your hen with the\\nchickens, not the chickens at this time, but at\\nany time if you think they are not looking\\nright, standing sleeping, wing s drooped,\\ngrease every one lightly on the top of thehead.\\ntaking them out of back door in coop; if you\\nhave kept your hen house clean, oiled your\\nroosts, you will not have much trouble with\\nlice.\\nThe best feed we have ever used is the com-\\nmon corn or egg bread, just as you make it\\nfor yourself. Before g oing any farther in the\\nfeed line we will tell you of the coops.\\nIn all profitable manufacturing establish-\\nments they have their plant, so with you in the\\npoultry business for manufacturing fresh eggs\\nfor market. The hen does a manufacturing\\nbusiness that is beyond comparison unless it\\nbe to that piece of machinery that turns out\\nthe same product. Other fowls may equal her", "height": "2738", "width": "1771", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "46 POULTRY PENSION.\\nbut only to a limited extent, the reproduction,\\nwhether of animal or vegetable, is beyond\\ncomparison. Man has attempted and accom-\\nplished wonders, but here he stops, and well\\nhe may.\\nYour houses, coops, etc., are the permanent\\npart of your plant, if properly constructed will\\nlast a long- time. We make our coops of the\\nold style letter A, or roof fashion; make them\\ntwo and one-half feet wide and two feet deep,\\ntwo and one-half feet from eaves to comb. We\\nmake the frame or rafters out of 2x2 inch stuff\\ncovered with siding- overlapped so as to shed\\nthe rain. The bottom, to keep out those pole\\ncats, rats, etc., is made of two 2x4 cross pieces,\\nwith most any kind of lumber for bottom, only\\nletting- the lumber extend half way on the 2x4,\\nleaving- room for the coop to set down in so the\\nrain will run off clear of the bottom of coop.\\nThe above well painted will last a long- time.\\nWe make a sliding- (upanddown) door in each\\nend of coop, the outside or back door being-\\nhandy to take your young- chickens out to\\ngrease, if necessary, also for inspection of\\ncoop. In making- the two ends of coop do not\\nlet your lumber g-o clear up, leave a hole you\\ncan put your fist in for ventilation, covering- it\\nwith wire cloth. In very warm weather bore\\nsmall holes in front and back doors. In early\\nspring- break the ends ot corn cobs in those", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 47\\nholes, punching them open when needed. Put\\na small piece, 2x1 inch sloping-, in front of each\\ndoor to keep the dirt in the coop. Put the dirt\\nin the cooo and you are ready for your chick-\\nens, but don t forget to renew it occasionally.\\nIn connection with the above coop, we have\\ntwo lath coops to feed in. We lake common\\nlath, cut them half in two, nail them to a full\\nlength (four feet) lath, one-half inch apart\\nfour of such panels make the coop to set\\nright in front of your roosting- coop. Make the\\ntop out of lath; for a few days feed the old hen\\nand chickens in this coop, drive stakes in the\\nground and fasten the panels to them with\\nwire Most old hens are soindustrious scratch-\\ning- that they keep the teed in such shape the\\nlittle chicks fail to j\u00c2\u00bb*et enough to eat, so we\\nhave another coop for them alone. We cut the\\nlath into three pieces, making and staking- it\\nat the corners, the same way as the other: this\\none only takes three lengths, as one end of the\\nother coop makes one side of it. This addi-\\ntional coop more than pays for itself in a\\nshort time in the saving- of feed, as the old hen\\ncan not g-et in there to scratch and waste the\\nfeed. Of course you must feed the old hen.\\nWhen putting- up this additional coop raise the\\npartition between the two so they can run\\nfrom one coop to the other, but never raise the\\nthe small coop on the. outside as outside hen*", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "48 POULTRY PENSION.\\ntry to reach in under to get the feed. When\\nyour little chicKens get strong- and lively,\\nraise the main coop up so they can run\\nin and out and very shortly you will let the old\\nhen out, but of a morning- when the dew is\\nheavy the little ones can run out and in, also\\nin wet weather. On such days and times a\\ngreat many young- chickens are lost,\\nthe old hen dragging them through the dew\\nand rain. Of course you know you have to\\nshut them up in their house every night.\\nWe feed these little chickens in a trough two\\nand one half feet long, six inches wide, with\\nlath nailed around the edges, with a partition\\nin one end four by six inches. As stated be-\\nfore, feed the corn bread, don t feed soft feed\\nat all. Some of you may go against us, but we\\nare sure many young chicks are killed by\\nfeeding soft feed, especially corn meal made up\\na few minutes before feeding. There is old\\nbread etc., on many farms, soak it, squeeze it\\nas drv as you can, throw it to the main flock\\nand give your chicks some small grain, millet\\nseed, cane seed, cracked corn, wheat or some-\\nthing similar, by putting a little in the coop\\nthey will soon get to eating it and you will\\nneed have no more bother with your corn bread.\\nThe partition in your trough is for bone\\nmeal. Keep it there constantly. You are\\naware this plan is for business as well as", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 49\\npleasure, so you want them laying- by fall. In\\norder to do so you must feed them for this pur-\\npose. Some time when you are admiring your\\nchickens and the soft snap you have by this\\nplan, drop a little charcoal in (fine gTained)\\nthe troug-h, or a little cracklins (also fine) and\\nnotice your chickens g-o for it; they are fond of\\nit and it is g-ood for them. We have known\\npeople who would never rest until they had a\\nbox in the coop for that purpose, and in the\\nfall chuckle to themselves because their pullets\\ncommenced laying- so early, not telling- a soul\\nthe cause of it. You mav pick up lots of little\\ntricks, but don t be selfish, tell it, it will do no\\nharm, besides there ain t one in ten that will\\ntry it, they are afraid they mig-ht overdo the\\nchicken business.\\nThere are various ways for watering- the\\nlittle chickens, but by all means use something-\\nthat thev cannot g-et into with their feet. A\\npie pan or saucer is most g-ener ally used about\\nas poor a vessel as you can use, We use a\\ncommon half g-allon fruit can. Set it in a saucer\\nopen end down, take a case knife, lay it level\\non top of saucer, mark on the can by rubbing-\\nthe knife backward and forward, take a peg\\nging- awl or small nail and make a hole in the\\ncan just below, not too low, the mark, fill the\\nthe can with water, lay the saucer on top, give\\nit a quick flop, set it on an inch block in one", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "50 POULTRY PENSIOX.\\ncorner of the coop. The water will, flow just\\nas they drink it out, in a short time set it up\\ntwo inches hig-her, a brick is good to set it on.\\nThe drinking fountain is to remain in thema n\\nfeeding coop all the time as the old hen will\\nhave to have water. Should she g et restless\\nat times, running around in the coop trying to\\ng-et out and knock the can over, slip a piece of\\nlath throug h the cracks of your coop, in front\\nof the can or put a loop of wire or string around\\nit. Keep plenty of water in the cans until\\nyour chicks are big- and bold enough to g-o to\\nthe larg-er vessels having the water for the\\nmain flock. Recollect you want to raise every\\none of the whole five flocks, or say about one\\nhundred and ten or twentv chicks, which is no\\ntrick, barring unavoidable accidents. Prom\\nnow on pay a little attention to those who take\\noff from two to three hundred chickens in a\\nseason and see what they have in the fall.\\nThev hate to tell. Oh, I g-uess there is a\\nhundred or hundred and fifty.\\nWe don t say all are that way but we do say\\nan overwhelming- majority are.\\nYou should keep feed in your little chickens\\ntroug-h all the time until they are half grown,\\nthen feed them morning noon and nig-ht for a\\nshort time, then morning- and evening event-\\nuallv mersrinjjf them into your main flock. The\\nold hen will quit her chickens sooner by this", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 51\\ndouble coop plan than she would otherwise.\\nSome of her chicks may follow her to the hen\\nhouse to roost; let them gx but they will still\\nvisit the feeding- coop and run with the others\\nduring- the day. When all the chicks are\\nweaned, put several of thesmallcoops tog-ether\\nin front of the larg-e coop nearest the hen\\nhouse and make that the g-eneral feeding- place,\\ncalling- all up tog-ether, old and young-, putting-\\nthe feed in the pens for the young, scattering-\\nit to the old, by this means you will soon feed\\nall tog-ether. Do not take the big- coops from\\nany of the roosting coops, only what small\\ncoops you need, as they may still go home to\\nroost, or some of them, nor do not raise the\\nsmall coops off the ground, but let them go in\\nthrough the big coop as before. The older\\nones are not apt to bother the feed in the small\\ncoops as they do not know how T to get in. You\\nwill have to raise the big coop to suit the size\\nof your young- ones, from time to time; the older\\nones will learn the trick and go in there. You\\nwill have to let them go as there is no use scar-\\ning them out, by so doing your younger ones\\nwill get wild. You ought to take off twenty-\\nfive chicks to each two hens, at the least cal-\\nculation, making- one hundred and twenty-five\\nchicks all told. There is a screw loose some-\\nwhere if you do not raise from ninety to nine-\\nty-five per cent, as you are prepared to pro-", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "52 POULTRY PENSION.\\ntect them from all varmits. or conditions of the\\nweather. The old hen and chicks are partial\\nto their coops and will make for them when a\\nrain comes up. We often round them up when\\nit begins to look squally, by opening- the door\\nand letting- the old hen in, all s well. Don t\\ng-o in a whoop but be gentle, at the same time\\ng-et a move on yourself. The chickensthat are\\nlost by this route will compare favorably with\\nthe pole cat route.\\nSome of us averag-e farmers take a notion to\\ngo to pa s and ma s Saturday evening- and stay\\nuntil Sunday evening-, sometimes until Monday\\nmorning*. Every one the place go, even to the\\ndo\u00c2\u00ab\\\\, more often dog s. Possiblv a near nei\u00c2\u00bb-h-\\nbor may milk the cow and teed the chickens.\\nAs for shutting- them up, it won t hurt this\\ntime; it sets into raining- some are drowned,\\nthe polecat, weasle, rats, etc., do love to ram-\\nble on a wet nig-ht, they take a turn at the\\nchicks, which almost, if not completely ends\\nthe whole business, as they, or some of them,\\nmerely suck the blood and kill a great number\\nin one nig-ht. When we return, what? The\\nthe chicken business don t near pay, so we\\njust let them g-o on their own hook.\\nWe don t say you do that but don t you\\nyou know some who do, or have done almost\\nexactly that way? We told you in the start\\nwe were g oing- to gfive it to you from actual ex-", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 53\\nperience. The above is positively so, but not\\npersonal experience. ,k Once upon a time we\\nourself, had one hundred and ten as fine chicks\\nas vou would want to see in a brooder of our\\nown make, it had a lid to shut down like a box.\\nnear the top there was a small opening we\\nthought it was just the thing- for air. So it\\nwas. One night something came and killed\\nevery one of them and as near as I recollect,\\ndid not eat the whole of any one. The sig-ht\\nwas awful; we thought awful. We soon knew\\nwhat the air hole was for. We just closed\\ndown the lid and left everything just as we\\nfound it. The next nig-ht we put a steel trap\\ndown in where what ever it was would g-et it.\\nThe next morning- there was the mother pole-\\ncat in the trap, with nine little kittens dancing\\naround in the brooder. They were sure cute\\nlittle thing-s not half as cute as my little\\nchicks were. That was twelve years ag-o; when\\nwe want air holes we always put wire cloth\\nover them.\\nOut of the number of chickens you raise you\\nwill have no trouble g-etting- your fifty pullets\\nto renew your flock, the balance being- roosters,\\ndisposing- of them as you please. But don t\\nforg-et to g-ive proper credit for them, as you\\noug-ht to keep a strict account so you will know\\nif you are making your $8.00 per month pen-\\nsion, clear of all expenses. You are expected", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "54 POULTRY PENSION.\\nto charg-e to your flock all thefeed fed to them;\\nvou certainlv will jrive them credit for what\\nyou use or sell. Try it one season and see how\\ninteresting- it will become; but don t think be-\\ncause you have done so well that you will in-\\ncrease your flock to two or five hundred and\\ncrow r d them into your one hundred hen house;\\nit is often attempted. Then another one has\\noverdone the chicken business and -one out.\\nleaving- another place to be filled.\\nWe will g-ive you a pointer here in reg-ard to\\nproper credit for eg-g-s, Whenever eg-g s are\\nused in the family we drop a grain of corn in\\njar or bottle for every eg-g- used. At the end of\\neach month the corn is counted and credited to\\nthe month in which thev were used. The ejrirs\\nthat are set should be credited in their proper\\nmonth. It is not so particular what you use.\\nyou are the judg*e on that score, but if you are\\nrunning- on business principle you have no\\nrig-ht to use them and not g ive credit for them.\\nIt is on that principle we are giving this, on\\nno other whatever, not for fun or pleasure, al-\\nthough you derive lots of pleasure if you are\\ninterested.\\nHow do you expect to tell if your hens are\\nlaying- the amount of eg-g-s they oug-ht to if you\\ndo not keep close account of them You can\\nalso tell what comes in every month, otherwise\\nyou can not. You are expected to have dis-", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 55\\nposed of your fifty coming three year old hens\\nby or before the pullets are-leaving their coops\\ngoing to the hen house to roost, which they\\nwill soon do, as the mother hen has often taken\\nthem into the scratching pen, consequently\\nthis is no new place to them, but should any of\\nthem take a notion to a tree or fence to roost\\nwhen nearly all the rest are on the roosts in\\nthe house, gently scare these off the fence or\\ntree for as sure as they become accustomed to\\nroosting out, it is almost impossible to break\\nthem of it. By setting your coops near the\\nhen house when you first put the old hen and\\nchiCKens out, and by moving your general\\nfeeding pen, on the wind up, close to house, the\\nmost of them will naturally take to the house.\\nWe have often read, don t set your coops\\nnear hen house on account of lice. For a great\\nmany that may answer, but by this plan of\\nmanagement, cleansing your house and oiling\\nyour roosts as per directions, you need have no\\nfear on that score, and as stated above, you\\nmust put them near the house you wish them\\nto occupy when they are grown.\\nAt the end of the first season, after practi-\\ncing this plan up to the above time, just call\\nthe old woman put your arm around her\\nwaist, stand in the door of the hen house, see\\nif everything is snug and neat, see if you have\\nfifty coming twq year old hens and fifty coming", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "56 POULTRY PENSION.\\none year olds, pay close attention and see if\\nthey all have not plenty of room on the roost,\\nnotice what a mess you would make if you im-\\nagine, next year we will set more hens and\\nraise twice that many. Don t, not in the same\\nhouse; hew to the line and you are in to stay.\\nYou and the old woman will be far better\\noff. Of course in due time you may expand\\nwhich is all right in some cases, but expand\\nalongthe line; just multiply two, say two\\nhouses, twice the amount of feed, twenty set-\\nting- hens, ten hens and chickens, two hundred\\nlaying hens, twice the amount of labor, twice\\nthe amount of dilig ence, $16.00 per month pen-\\nsions. The above reads fine, by experience\\nyou can accomplish it. Were we personally\\nacquainted with you we might tell you by\\nwhat figure to multiply the experience. We\\ndo not wish to frighten you for we are giving-\\nyou an exact plan by which it can be done;\\nbut will you do it?\\nSETTING SIX HENS.\\nIn some cases, parties advocate that a three\\nyear old hen is in her prime as to laying*.\\nBy this plan we prefer the one and two year\\nold hen, thoug-h there are good laying three\\nyear old hens, those especially thatmoult early\\nin the fall. In many cases we have discarded\\nan inferior pullet, keeping a coming three year\\nold in her place. As you dispose of your stock", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 57\\nin mid summer, or coming fall, all are called\\ncoming- so and so, as they are not evened up\\nuntil spring the time when all are supposed\\nto be hatched out. We give you the six hen\\nplan, which is all rig-ht for those holding the\\nabove opinion, also not wishing too much set-\\nting hen business.\\nIn order to fully explain the plan, we will\\nsuppose you start in the spring* of 1901 with\\nthe following aged hens\\n50, 1 yr olds\\nSpring 1901 set 6 hens.\\n50, 2\\nto replace one-half, or 25, of your two year\\nolds which you dispose of during summer.\\nIn spring of 1902 you have\\n25, 1 vr olds\\n50, 2 1902 set 6 hens.\\n25, 3\\nReplace your 25 3-year olds. In spring of\\n1903 you have\\n25. 1 vr olds\\n25. 2 1 1903. set 10 hens.\\n50, 3\\nReplace your 50 3-year olds by setting 10\\nhens. In spring of 1904 you have:\\n50, 1 vr olds\\n25, 2 1904, set 6 hens.\\n25, 3\\nYou drop back to your six hens. By the\\nabove plan you will only set the ten hens every\\nthird year. The plan is feasible and will bear", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "58 POULTRY PENSION.\\ninvestigation; the only advantage of the plan\\nis you have fewer setting hens to bother with.\\nThe same as with the ten hens, in comparison\\nto the brush pile, fence corner plan, you get\\nall your chicks at the proper season, raising a\\ngreater per cent, in fact nearly every one,\\nwith no trouble at all compared with the old\\nplan. But to any whodesireto set more hens,\\nthere is no one to stop them even from one\\nyear s end to the other. Some believe they\\nhave to set hens the year through to get eggs\\nthe year through; that is a mistake. The early\\nhatched pullet is the queen of layers the year\\nthrough if fed for the purpose.\\nINCUBATORS.\\nOf all poultry fixings, the incubator is terri-\\nbly abused by both the manufacturer and the\\nunskilled user. We remember how th,ey used\\nto say the chicken business was gone up the\\nspout, the incubator was going to revolution-\\nize the whole thing; things were going to be\\ndone on a grand scale, by the wholesale; that\\ndid the business for the incubator, as it does\\nfor every branch of the business today, a sure\\nthing to the amateur. Manufacturers said,\\nraise chickens by the thousand, or rather\\nhatch; a child can run it, etc., etc.\\nThe amateur jumped at it, loaded it with\\nvarious brands of eggs collected from various\\nsources, not even having enough hens to sup-", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION, 59\\nply egg s for breakfast, much less for an incu-\\nbator. But they were too deeply interested to\\nlet the children try to run it, they were actual-\\nly out of joint until the time for results rolled\\naround, and then well, you know the rest.\\nOf course the incubator was to blame. Some\\nput in fair egg-s, had a fair hatch and raised\\nonly a few to maturity, after a short while\\nthey quit entirely. Others did better and are\\nstill using them.\\nWe know of various makes of incubators that\\ncan be purchased for name the price and take\\nit At the start some of them were as g-ood\\nas any on the market, and in proper hands,\\nare all right. Learn to raise chicks with the\\nold hens before tackling an incubator. The\\nbrooder is the thing- that has to be perfect.\\nMost incubators do very well when started\\nwith good eggs, no better than you ought to\\nput under the hen, and faithful care. Don t\\nrisk them with children. The raising of the\\nchicks is the rub with a new beginner, and we\\ndon t know as any one has it down to perfec-\\ntion.\\nWhen you are in the business up to the two\\nhundred notch, an incubator mig-ht come in\\ngood play. Should you take a notion to try\\none, get one of some reliable manufacturer.\\nWith your two hundred hen plan it ought not\\nto be a big job to keep up your flock, as you", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "Q POULTRY PENSION.\\nwill only want one hundred pullets each year.\\nYou could start your Incubator say the first of\\nMarch, have everything- in good shape to care\\nfor the chicks. Don t feed too much soft feed;\\nyou can t beat the feed you used to feed in\\nyour one hundred hen business, before you ex-\\npanded. Keep the chicks warm; they hatch in\\na pretty good month, April, you may be able\\nto do well.\\nDon t think because you have an incubator\\nyou will keep it fired up and going the year\\nround. True, it is idle capital most of the\\ntime\u00e2\u0080\u0094 in a great many cases had better be.\\nPersonally, we have used them, and do not\\nblame the incubator as much as the man, not\\nthe child, who is trying to run it. Be your own\\njudge; if you should fail with the incubator\\nyour old hen is still on deck ready for business\\nat the old stand and you have a good plan,\\nwhich, like the incubator, needs a certain\\namount of attention. Go slow, don t expand\\ntoo much, there is a limit to everything\u00e2\u0080\u0094 you\\nmay bust.\\nFEED AND CARE OF LAYING HENS.\\nWe now come to a part of the plan on which\\na great deal depends, whether you get the full\\namount of vour pension, more according to\\nyour ability, less according to your disability.\\nYou cannot do any feeding in your house,\\nonly in your scratching pen; neither can you", "height": "2714", "width": "1724", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 61\\nput your water in the house because of the\\ndust which the hens raise in scratching Your\\nbone meal boxes will also have to be outside on\\naccount of the dust. Your house being twenty-\\nfour feet square g ives you plenty of room on\\neither side, according- to the wind or weather.\\nWe use two two-gallon crocks for water ves-\\nsels; they are easy kept clean by scalding- them\\noccasionally. A board fence running-out from\\nthe house, from either side you prefer, makes\\na g*ood shelter for your water crocks and bone\\nmeal boxes.\\nWe make the fence ten feet long- and two feet\\nhig-h, haying- rafters across the top, extending\\ntwo feet on each side of fence, with movable\\ncover or roof, shifting from one side to the\\nother, in case of wind, rain or sun. In freezing\\nweather you, of course, will emptY the crocks\\nat nig-ht, setting- them just inside of house\\nwith the bone meal boxes.\\nThe above is very handy; atter you get\\nstraightened out, doing- a land office busi-\\nness, you may see some way to improve on it,\\nas you oug-ht all along the line. It did not take\\nthe man from the east long- to catch on.\\nIn freezing- weather we keep the tea kettle\\nhot all the time, pouring- water into the drink-\\ning- vessels, no telling how often during- the\\nday. Good, clean water (warm in winter) is\\nas necessary as any other part of the feed.", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "62 POULTRY PENSION.\\nSome say water three times a day; that raav\\ndo, we know certain it is better than not at all,\\nas we have heard people say sheep and poul\\ntry did not need water. Poultry may be taught\\nto drink three times a day, we won t dispute\\nthat, but what would be trained bv it? The\\nthree times a day is advocated for a purpose,\\nfor what we can t say; if it is to save labor, by\\nour plan it is no go. In winter when we see\\nour hens pecking away at a frozen up vessel,\\nwe would sure thaw it out, or else put it out of\\nsight, which you would have to do by the three\\ntimes a day plan. We notice our hens on the\\ncoldest of days come from the scratching pen\\nat all hours of the day for water, and they al-\\nways look to us like they could hardly wait\\nuntil the regular time, if it was far off. The\\nsame with the hen when she lays her egg. She\\ncomes from her nest cackling, goes straig ht\\nfor the water. If it suited the hen, it would\\nsuit us. Ours don t like the plan, but it may\\nbe the way they are raised. I know the way\\nthev are raised has a heap to do with their\\nlaying, it may be so with watering. So water\\nfor results. Let your hens be the judge. After\\nyou teach them the trick, you can load up your\\nwater tank, setting them to go off at the re-\\nquiredtimes a day, and you are in it up to your\\nneck and if your poultry are not there to drink\\nthe water at stated time, you may get", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "1\\nPOULTRY PENSION. 63\\ndrowned. There are lots of yfood fountains\\nnow on the market where the hen herself\\ntouches the button, that s more like it. Look\\nin your poultry paper or farm paper and see\\nif you don t find lots of food hints from corre-\\nspondents, etc. In winter when a big snow\\nfalls, we are up before daylight clearing- the\\nsnow away from the hen house, more particu-\\nlarly where the water crocks and bone meal\\nboxes set. also paths around the hen house and\\nto various other places. Make yourself a\\nsnow plow out of lumber, something in the\\nshape of a big hoe with the handle on the bot-\\ntom, well braced so it will push easy.\\nSome say they never let their hens out in\\nthe snow at all. Like the watering they may\\nbe taug-ht that way; ours g-o to the barn, in fact,\\nwherever we have our paths plowed out. As\\nwe don t like to wade around in the snow we\\nsoon have all around the place looking like a\\nswitch yard of a railroad, someof the branches\\nrunning out to a grass patch.\\nWhen it is extremely cold they don t go very\\nfar, some hardlv coming* out atall, not because\\nthey are shut up. The coldest days of last\\nwinter (1888 and 1889) they laid equally as\\nwell as before and kept at it, increasing all\\nalong towards spring\\nFrom the start we have faithfully tried t\\navoid almost anv figures at all, for the reason", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "64 POULTRY PENSION.\\nthat we did not want to mislead any one.\\nShould we have attempted it we could surely\\nhave given figures as straight as a string, of\\nresults from this plan of management, which\\nare hard to beat. Not for one, but sever a-\\nyears faithful practice, showing an increase,\\nevery year, of eggs to the individual hen, or in\\nother words, the average to each hen, knowing\\nthat if you try the plan faithfully you will do\\nthe same and you are just as apt to try it with-\\nout the figures as with them.\\nWe will say the increase in eggs, commence\\nin the fall in November, increasing each month,\\nmore in December, January, February, March\\nand April, with May a good second, gradually\\ndecreasing until September; September and\\nOctober being the least months of the year, al-\\nthough with plenty of eggs in the above two\\nmonths to more than pay running expenses\\nThe above is just as good as figures and as\\ntrue as steel. Brother, we have no desire\\nwhatever to deceive you and do not know of\\nanything that would give us more pleasure\\nthan to see or hear of you doing equally as\\nwell, it is easy enough.\\nThe laying is done by the early hatched\\nchickens we told you of and how to get them.\\nWe also told you it was of no use to keep up\\nthe whole year unless you had another object.\\nThe boxes for your bone meal are not partic", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 65\\nular as to shape. We g-et tobacco caddies, if\\ntoohig-h we cut them down to aboutfour inches,\\nnail lath flat down on top, letting- project over\\non inside of box; that keeps the hens from flip-\\nping- the bone meal out with their bills; then\\nnail lath across each way in center of the box,\\nto keep the hens from scratching- with their\\nfeet. Should you prefer, you can make a\\ntroug-h, nailing- lath on the edges and across\\nthe top. Whatever you use, scrape the meal\\nfrom out of the corners occasionally, keep it\\nsupplied the year round with bone meal; it\\nwill take more in fall and winter, as that is\\nthe time they are g-etting- ready, also laying-.\\nYou will notice your laying- hens visit it pretty\\nreg-ularly,|also hens when moulting- find use for\\nit. When you quit putting- it in your chicks feed\\ncoops, watch them hunt it up.\\nWe will tell you our way of obtaining- the\\nbone meal. We buy the bone meal that is sold\\nfor fertilizer, as raw, pure bone meal, coarse\\nground. It is easy to g-et most everywhere,\\nand we have yet found no fault with it. In an-\\nother place we will tell you of other kinds and\\nsources of obtaining- bone meal; having- never\\nused them we cannot put them as belonging- to\\nour plan, but you might find them to your idea.\\nWe have no doubt they are just as good, no\\nbetter, nor as cheap. In buying the bone meal\\nget the pure bone, not a mixture of bone and", "height": "2727", "width": "1736", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "66 POULTRY PENSION.\\nsome other stuff for fertilizer. It is no trouble\\nto get if you call for it. Buy it by the quan-\\ntity, or at least by the one hundred pounds, if\\nyou have to have it shipped to you, as the rate\\nis^the same on a less amount. You will need\\nfor each flock of one hundred hens, about four\\nhundred and fifty pounds a year; make it say,\\nfive hundred. It may be you can get your\\nneighbors interested in the business, go to-\\ngether and buy it by the ton, delivered. Make\\nno secret at all of the way you manage to get\\nso many eggs, especially in winter, for when\\nyou try this plan according- to directions you\\nare sure to get the eggs, and if your neighbors\\nare like a great many neighbors they are sure\\nto want to know, as they think you have a se-\\ncret. It does seem it is a secret to some. It is\\nnothing new at all, although vve have given it\\nto you in a bunch and in a shape so it is easily\\nunderstood or practiced.\\nThere is one more box to provide, or if you\\nprefer, can make a trough, for winter use, es-\\npecially when the ground is covered with\\nsnow; it is for grit and charcoal, neither one\\nbeing hard to furnish. If you have ever paid\\nmuch attention to chickens, you have often no-\\nticed them hunting the ash pile for charcoal.\\nThey are very fond of it so we furnish it to\\nthem when they cannot get it themselves. It\\nis very little trouble to lay up a quantity for", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 67\\nthem. You can easily make a sieve to sift the\\nashes in; say a box, with neither top nor bot-\\ntom, with common wire screen tacked on one\\nside. The ashes after sieving-, make good fer-\\ntilizer for either putting- in the hill or broad-\\ncasting-. It won t take very long- to sieve\\nenough charcoal to last a long- time. For grit\\nyou can save all the broken crockeryware,\\ngrinding- the same in a mill made for the pur-\\npose, answering- also to grind your charcoal;\\nor in case of necessity you can pound it up,\\nwhich is slow, for the old crockery, but if you\\nare up to business it won t be long- before you\\ncan afford to buy a mill. There is grit al-\\nready prepared, on the market now for sale,\\nbut it looks like theaverag-e farmer or poultry-\\nman could furnish plenty of grit for his poul-\\ntry, sharp gravel, etc., as it is only needed\\nwhen there is snow on thegroundashort while\\nat a time. They are both needed for your win-\\nter layers, otherwise we would not have said\\na word about them. You can have a partition\\nin your box for both the charcoal and grit.\\nThese little tricks are of more consequence\\nthan a great many are aware of. Your poul-\\ntry pension, or the amount, is g-overned to a\\ngreat extent by just such little things, that ijti\\nreality cost comparatively nothing.\\nIn regard to the feeding of the flock, as\\nstated before, we are up early, in fact a great", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "(,g POULTRY PENSION.\\npart of the time, in winter particularly, before\\nthe chickens are off the roosts, getting- their\\nbone meal boxes, water crocks, etc., in shape.\\nOn most farms, the chickens, when fed at all,\\nare the last thing- to be attended to. That is\\na losing- g-ame; just as soon they come from\\ntheir roosts they should be fed, by this plan\\nthey come off pretty early, going directly into\\nthe scratching- pen. We have long 1 since come\\nto the conclusion that one certain person should\\nattend to the feeding watering, etc., having a\\nregular time and system.\\nHave you not often heard some member of\\nthe family, way up in the clay, maybe near\\nnight, say. Has anybody fed the chickens?\\nDo you call that business? When it is one\\nperson s duty it is more apt to be attended to,\\nsure to if they are taking any interest. Chil-\\ndren, when old enough, are all right, one at a\\ntime, attending to chickens; but don t drive\\nthem, give them an interest, it will stimulate\\nthem not only for the present, but will give\\nthem good ideas.\\nYou are aware hens generally commence\\nlaying in the spring, even the brush pile,\\nfence corner stock, simply because nature pro-\\nvides them with the certain foods necessary\\nfor the egg. one of which is bugs, worms, in-\\nsects, etc. In order to obtain eggs in winter,\\nyou may provide similar food. The best sub-", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 69\\nstitute for bujrs, insects, etc., is animal food of\\nsome description. We could give you page\\nafter page describing certain different things\\nthat an egg contains, what a certain grain\\ncontains toward making an egg and so on.\\nWe don t propose to take your time to read\\nsuch, besides it does not interest very many.\\nWe plainly tell you that how to get the egg it-\\nself, which we believe is of far more import-\\nance to an average farmer and poultryman.\\nAnimal foool being what you want to supply\\nin the place of insects, we propose telling you\\nwhat we have used, we will also tell you other\\nsubstances, all being easy to get. On most\\nfarms there is generally enough cracklins to\\nsupply a big portion of the animal food. In\\ncase you run short you may be able to g-et them\\nat your nearest butcher shop. Should many\\nin your neighborhood try this plan, cracklins\\nat the butcher shops become scarce. In an-\\nother place we tell you how to obtain some-\\nthing else. The cracklins are cheap but they\\nare sure hard to cut, as they must be cut pret-\\nty fine. The butcher shop cracklins are easier\\nto cut on account of being pressed so much\\nharder. It takes a heavy tool to cut them, we\\nuse an ax for the purpose.\\nSome tear the cakes up and throw them out\\nin that shape; no use going to the expense of\\nbuying cracklins to feed in that way, chips.", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "70 POULTRY PENSION.\\nold boots, or shoes are just as good, as the\\nhens can come as near eating- one as the other.\\nThere are bone mills on the market that cut\\nthem, they have knives that shave them, so it\\nsaid. We have never tried them, but may do\\nso, as the ax cutting is a hard job.\\nWe commence feedingthecracklins, or what-\\never food you use, in the early fall, when bug s,\\ngrasshoppers, etc., begin to g-et scarce; better\\na little too early than too late, as you want to\\nstart your hens into the winter laying-. To\\ndo this you must commence in time, time is\\nmoney in this case. You need not expect full\\nreturns unless you do this. When you refer to\\nthe feed tables g-iven in the following pag-es,\\ndo your own figuring you will find it a money\\nmaking- investment. Some have come to us in\\ndead of winter wanting- to know what we do to\\nget so manv eg-gs, then when we tell them thev\\npull out for cracklins and bone meal, expect-\\ning* to g-et a full flow of eg-g-s. So bear in mind\\nyou must commence early, attend to the details\\nin full, if you expect complete success; if you\\ntake the treatment, take a full dose.\\nThe first of August is earlv enoug-h to com-\\nmence feeding- the animal food in small quan-\\ntities (see table). When you commence feed-\\ning- the animal feed (Aug-. 1), mix it with your\\nbone meal until the nights beg-in getting- cold,\\nbut continue the bone meal.\\nFor feeding the cracklins, in cold weather,", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION, 71\\nwe feed it in steamed grain. We put wheat,\\ncorn or oats in a pot, pour boiling- water over\\nand let it steam on the stove; when ready to\\nfeed, pour it out in a large vessel, dish pan is\\ngood enough (this is expected to be only\\nsteamed grain, not a lot of water in it, if so\\ndrain it off), mix your cracklins and a little\\nbran to take up the moisture. By letting- it\\nset a while the cracklins become soft. This\\nyou feed every other morning- in cold weather.\\nFrom the tables you will see the amounts to\\nfeed, we merely tell you how to feed at this\\ntime, the tables belong entirely to themselves.\\nYou must be your judge in a great many\\ncases, say in regard to feeding- the steamed\\ngrain, which we feed whenever the weather is\\ncool, that is in fall; if you become interested\\nyotl will do the same, wh le others may not\\ntake such interest and feed altogether by the\\ntables, principally dry. The steamed grain\\nis only for a change and you know that is a\\nbenefit, even of the same grain, although we\\nchange from one grain to another, but no mush\\nanywhere in it.\\nWe have a reg-ular feeding- place all the\\ntime. We take the steamed grain, drop a\\nhandful in a pile briskly. Sbould the ground\\nbe wet and muddy, we omit the steamed grain,\\nfeeding- the animal food mixed with the bone\\nmeal, making- the grain lood dry, of whatever", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "72 POULTRY PENSION.\\ngrain we take a notion to. According- to the\\ntable, most generally wheat, that is of a morn-\\ning and in the scratching- pen, also on bad\\ndays when the hens cannot get out and rustle,\\nwe scatter small grain of almost anv kind, at\\nnoon in the scratching pen, In the even-\\ning- just before going to roost, we feed them\\ncorn straig-ht from the hand on the ground. It\\nis very seldom but what corn can be fed broad-\\ncast, often all throug-h the year in muddy,\\nrainy weather. We feed it in the place of\\nwheat for the evening- feed, as spoken of in\\ntable for summer feeding- of wheat. Some\\nfarmers think wheat expensive feed for chick-\\nens, such is not the case. Wheat is an expen-\\nsive crop. To feed it to chickens according- to\\nthis plan, you will realize more for your wheat\\nthan in any other way. The grain fed to your\\nchickens is supposed to be good, sound wheat,\\nnot the rotten, mouldy refuse that anything-\\nelse won t eat. Feed according to tables and\\nsee that they get good weight of some good,\\nsound grain. You need not weigh every feed,\\nhave a measure of some kind, box, bucket or\\nsuch, after testing the grain, you can feed it\\nby measure. Some grain will not weigh out.\\nWhenever you change grain, change your\\nquantity by measure to correspond with your\\nweight per bushel. Take oats, for instance,\\nsome seasons a bushel will over run the 32\\npounds, more often they fall short. Some years\\noats are not fit to feed your poultry at all. In\\nthat case change to wheat. You can starve a", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 73\\nhen awful easy on such kinds of grain. When\\nyour eggs begin falling off, slip out and weigh\\nyour grain, you will soon see where the trouble\\nis.\\nOften you. read in the papers, correspond-\\nence from the women how they are doing with\\npoultry. Frequently they say, the old man\\ndon t believe in chickens, they eat too much,\\nwaste too much, etc. Such old men are a\\ntough proposition. We have known such old\\nmen one in particular; he raised a big rack-\\net in the family on account ol the chickens. It\\nwent so far the lady quit trying to raise any\\nchickens, not even setting a hen. Pretty soon\\nthe old man began to notice the children\\nwere not shoed and clothed as before, the table\\nlacked in several things. Don t you think\\nthey began raisingchickens again, what would\\nyou have done? Now honestly, don t you\\nknow several such old men, only they did not\\ngo far enough to choke off the supply of extras\\nthe chickens afforded without taking- money\\ndirectly out of his pocket.\\nNow in regard to the waste and destruction,\\nit is the fault of the old man if he had his\\ngrain cribbed so the fowls could not get to it,\\nthey w r ould not soil it. If you will give them\\ntime they will eat it all and not waste a grain,\\nbut feed them as they should be, they are all\\nright and more profitable. Some, of course,", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "74 POULTRY PENSION.\\nclaim they g-et all they want at crib, pig- pen,\\netc. On very cold days, ground covered with\\nsnow, they sit on the roost and if by chance\\nsome one thinks of them they may throw them\\nsome corn in the snow; but w T hen spring comes\\nand nature provides for these poor, neglected\\nfowls, all are ready and eag-er to get the eg-gs\\nand market them, but no one hardlv thinks of\\nthem at other times. Not on all farms -is the\\nabove the case, but it is positively so on some.\\nOn one farm, we knew of two yOung- ladies\\nwho took week about not feeding- the hens\\ng-athering- the egg-s to sell for their own es-\\npecial benefit, the hens took careof themselves.\\nEither one of the above ladies could take a\\nflock, manag-e them properly, pay the old\\nman for his grain and make from $8.00 to\\n$16.00 per month. More according to their\\nability, less according- to their disability.\\nHave no fear of the hens, they will discount\\nyou.\\nLet us talk to the ofd man a while. As\\nwe told you in the start, he is a hard proposi-\\ntion. He says they don t pay for their feed.\\nWe want to tell him he has no other stock on\\nhis place that will come anywhere near pay-\\ning- like the hen. The trouble with such old\\nmen they expect one hen to equal one cow.\\nNow, old man just try it and find out for\\nyourself. Put the same amount of money into", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 75\\npoultry that you have in one of your cows,\\ncounting everything-; you will soon find out\\nwhat a big- difference there is, and in favor of\\nyour poultry. The old man would rather sack\\nup and haul thirty bushels of wheat to the\\nmill or market at sixty cents per bushel, the\\nmiller making it into flour, when he could have\\nlet the hens grind it, and get adollar a bushel\\nfor it. taking the egg s, a finished product, to\\ntown with less trouble than he could the orig-\\ninal thirty bushels. Say, old man, you are\\nstanding in vour own light.\\nOn a great many farms, not only the old\\nman, but others think any kind of grain or\\nwaste is good enough for chickens. That is a\\nbig mistake. They also think they only need\\nfeeding during the winter and even then onlv\\nin stormy, bad weather, another mistake.\\nWhile it is true there is no other stock on the\\nfarm that will come as near taking- care of\\nthemselves and still give returns, we yet say\\nshe will give more clear profit, above feed and\\ncare, than any other stock kept by the average\\nfarmer.\\nIt is not profitable to feed and care for any\\nstock unless you get full returns. The hen,\\nwithout care will not lay near the amount of\\negg-s she would if proper attention was given,\\nin which case you will make a good profit.\\nIn order to g-et full returns you should feed", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "76 POULTRY PENSION.\\nregularly the whole year through. Do you\\nknow that some of you really feed more than is\\nreally necessary That may sound strange\\nto some, but it is so. We mean the storm v,\\ncold day feeders. What can you expect of\\nyour hens when you do not try to get them\\nready to lay when eggs are high? Consequent-\\nly you must keep them in good shape all the\\ntime.\\nThe following tables are given for hens who\\nare supposed to have good shelter, a place to\\nwork in scratching pen. The tables were not\\nintended for hens that have no house or any-\\nthing else, although it is more feed than prob-\\nably most of them get, generally.\\nTake the amount named in the tables and\\nvou will find out it is not a large amount of\\ngrain, etc., for one hundred hens, but a little\\nevery dav in the year, with some idea of busi-\\nness.\\nDECEMBER 1, TO APRIL 1.\\nA. M., 6 pounds of wheat (or oats).\\nP. M., 6 pounds corn.\\n4 pounds cracklins (every other day).\\n2 pounds bone meal (every day).\\nWith this four months feeding you can feed\\nany apple, potatoes and other vegetable peel-\\ning s, etc., of a morning in your steamed grain,\\nalso with this four months, or any time during\\nthe year, give any surplus milk you may have.\\nFeed the steamed grain whenever you can, that", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION.\\nis, every other day. After a while you may\\nbe able to fix up like the man from the east.\\nYou can feed it under shelter whenever you\\nwish. Nice days do not put too much feed in\\nyour scratching- pen at noon. On most farms\\nthere is generally plenty of grass range. We\\nhave found it of gTeat benefit to sow a piece of\\nwheat, sown a little earlier than for the gen-\\neral crop, it makes fine picking to go with this\\nfour months of winter feeding.\\nWith this four months you will pay close at\\ntention to your charcoal, grit and bone meal\\nboxes, particularly in bad weather. There is\\nnothing very hard about this four months, al-\\nthough it requires a little closer attention,\\nwhich will repay you well, as you should get\\nlots of eggs, at a season when they are high,\\nto pay you big for your time and trouble. As\\nfor the time, it will take probably an hour all\\ntold.\\nKeep a garden rake in your scratching pen\\nto loosen up the straw, leaves or whatever you\\nhave in your scratching pen. After your flock\\nhas gone on the roost is a good time, it will\\nthen be readv for the morning- grain. Your\\nhens generally come off the roosts pretty early,\\na great deal earlier than they would if they\\nwere roosting out of doors on fence or trees, as\\nthey will not have to fly down in the snow, and\\nyour glass or canvas makes it light and com-", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "78 poultry pp:nsion.\\nfortable. Say, brother, you have got a snug-\\nlittle business under your own vine and fig-\\ntree.\\nGive plenty ol water and warm it whenever\\nneeded.\\nOf all the seasons, this is the time to get\\nthere, the other seasons, or tables for feeding-.\\nare all making ready for this one, getting-\\nthem in shape, ready for business w T hen your\\nneighbor s hens are idle, provided they have\\nnot been attended to on the same plan or one\\nsimilar. Tell them the secret, it won t hurt\\nyour business one iota.\\nThe above feed is all you will need for the\\nfour months named, but we will state again,\\nyou will substitute oats for wheat occasionally\\nin your steamed feed, which does not increase\\nyour feed bill. The oats aregood for a change,\\nprovided they are sound and of full weight.\\nIf not, don t fool with them, for we want\\nto fully impress it on your mind, poor oats are\\nnext to nothing as food for poultry.\\nRecollect, you ought to charge your poultry\\nfor everything you feed, market prices. It is\\nno more than fair that you should deliver it,\\nnot by the w r agon load, but as they need it, the\\nsame as you would do for the merchant. Fill\\nyour little grainery with so much grain, of any\\nkinds needed, keep account of number of bush-\\nels put in; when fed out you know just what it\\ntakes. While you are doing all this charging,", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 7 l\\ndon t forget to give your poultry proper credit\\nfor everything then you will know what vou\\nare doing. You may talk as you please, that\\nis the only correct way of doing- it.\\nAPRIL 1, TO AUGUST 1.\\nA. M., 3 pounds wheat.\\nP. M., 4 pounds wheat (or corn).\\n1 pound bone meal.\\nIn most of cases, those who feed the four\\nmonths previous, during- cold spells, fail to feed\\nany more until cold weather comes again.\\nThat won t near pay, that is if you are in the\\nbusiness for profit, nor do vve know of any\\nother case where it is the rig-ht thinjr to do.\\nThis four months feed is less expensive, but\\njust as essential. It is about the only time\\nduring the year in which they can get animal\\nfood, bugs, etc., consequently, it is not neces-\\nsary to feed your substitute, but put out the\\nbone meal. There are times when you will\\nfeed corn in place of the wheat mentioned\\nabove, when the ground is muddy or sloppy, it\\nis much handier for your fowls to pick up, you\\ncan feed it on the short grassaround your house\\nfor evening feed. The morning meal you can\\nthrow in your scratching pen, as your hens\\nnever give it up during the whole year, and\\nwill spend about as much time in there as any\\nwhere else. Same with the hens with chickens.\\nThe chickens, when about full grown, run in", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "80 POULTRY PENSION.\\nthere out of rain the same as the older ones.\\nPay attention to the little details, neglect in\\nsmall matters sometimes makes great loss, a\\nmissing- link in any chain weakens the whole\\nchain; so with this plan, one part depends on\\nthe other for success and the size of your\\nmonthly poultry pension. You will g-et plenty\\nof eg-g-s the year round to more than pay your\\nexpenses, even if you had to buy your grain,\\netc., from day to day.\\nSome few years ag-o there was a great cry\\nabout corn being- too fattening-; such is not the\\ncase, when fed properly. We often use it for\\nevening- feed; if fed according- to the tables it\\nis all rig-ht the year around, if short on wheat.\\nAUGUST 1, TO DECEMBER 1,\\nA. M., 4 pounds of wheat.\\nP. M., 5 pounds corn (wheat occasionally.)\\n1 pound bone meal (Nov. and Dec. \\\\)A lbs.)\\n2 pounds cracklins.\\nThis four months is sure a business period.\\nYou will have to keep the machines supplied\\nwith the rig-ht kind of fuelasevery pulley (pul-\\nlet) must be started at this time.\\nThis period s feeding- almost settles the\\nquestion in reg*ard to the winter laying- of your\\nstock. If attended to properly will greatly aid\\nyour hens when moulting- or shedding-, which\\nis quite an item. Some people (town lot poul-\\ntrymen) say moulting- and laying- hens should", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 81\\nbe fed differently. Not by this plan, where\\nthey have plenty of range, for you know we\\nare out in the open.\\nThe latter part of the summer, especially if\\ndry and hot, does not furnish sufficient animal\\nfood, bug-s, etc.. so we commence on our crack-\\nlins, or substitute. You must g-et your hens\\nstarted to laying or under the spell, before\\nwinter sets in; if you do not, it is a hard matter\\nto g-et them started in mid- winter, whatever\\nthe feed, they may lay a little earlier in the\\nspring-. For that reason, we say commence\\nin time. This four months feed cuts quite a\\nfig-tire and if you wish to keep a sure secret in\\nregard to winter laving-, never mention how\\nyou feed this period; if you do you have let a\\nbird go. Say, don t be foolish, you have noth-\\ning- to g-ain by such secrets. It is really true\\nsome try to keep such things a secret, when if\\nthey would stop and think they must know\\nthey are not a drop in the bucket when it comes\\nto keeping- the markets supplied with eg-g-s. It\\nis all rig-ht to know such so called secrets and\\npractice them, that is the one who is at the\\ntop, but how many will do it if you tell every\\none yon see\\nOn most farms the above season is when\\nmost of grains are ripe and are being or are,\\nharvested. When the grain is near the fowls\\nthey may help harvest some of the grain; don t", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "82 POULTRY PENSION.\\ngive up feeding-, call them up at night and give\\nthem some grain different from the grain they\\nhave been harvesting-. Here comes the same\\nold man bellowing- and shooing- them oft his\\nshocks of grain, but leaves them still stand in\\nthe field to tempt them, and it might be long-\\nenoug-h for the wet weather to set in and spoil\\nthem. It is of no benefit to the chickens; under\\nour plan it our purpose to give them all the\\ngrain they need, but should they have access\\nto such grain, feed them only at nig-ht as long-\\nas they g-etthe grain outside, but don t make\\na habit of it.\\nIn feeding- the crackling, or substitute, this\\nfour months it is not necessary to steam, al-\\nthough it will do no harm, and the steamed\\ngrain, in October and November especially is\\na good inducement to start them laying- and\\nalso a g-ood chang-e in the matter of feeding-;\\nbut if you wish to take the shortest route,\\ntake the sieve for sifting- ashes and sieve the\\ncracklins, putting- the fine with the bone meal,\\nsaving- the coarsest to feed with the steamed\\ngrain. You can mix the cracklins and bone\\nmeal in the bulk, two pounds of cracklins to\\ntwo pounds bone meal, putting- it out in the\\nboxes used for bone meal. The above mixture\\nis a g-ood eg-g- producing- mixture; if it were not\\nfor feeding- the steamed grain in late fall we\\nwould feed it as described.", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 83\\nWe have given the above tables for the aver-\\nage farmer or poultry man, not for the one who\\nhas his poultry in little pens; but with the\\nscratching- pen the big range is not as essen-\\ntial as it would be without it, but on an aver-\\nage farm there is no lack of range.\\nYou should get well, now, how many eg-g\\\\s\\ndo you say you should get? Of course you\\nhave no idea. It all depends on the manage-\\nment, not alone in the feed and shelter, but in\\ngetting the early hatched pullet we told of at\\nfirst. You may not have the flock to suit you,\\nbut come at it by degrees. When you get\\ndown to business, be sure and have the early\\nhatched pullet.\\nThe way the average farmer, the majority,\\nmanage, they get from seven to nine dozen eggs\\nfrom each hen in the course of a year, more\\noften seven dozen. You have probably often\\nheard of your neighbor having hens that lay\\nevery day. That might be so for a few days,\\nbut not long at a stretch.\\nOne man told us of a Hamburgh hen that\\nlayed every day for a year. The Hamburghs\\nare good layers and a good breed for this plan,\\nbut no Hamburgh, nor any other hen, ever was\\nguilty of such a trick. Any of them that put\\nin one half of the time in a year are good ones,\\nand there are some that have beat it, but only\\nunder good conditions and where there were", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "84 POULTRY PENSION.\\nbut a few hens in the bunch, not by the one\\nhundred hen plan. But come to think of it, we\\nread, not long ago, of a poultry man who got an\\naverage of one hundred and ninety-six eggs\\nfrom each hen in a flock of six hundred White\\nLeghorns. Now that is very seldom heard of,\\nmuch less accomplished. We have no reason\\nfor disputing it as the Leghorns are noted lay-\\ners and such is not improbable, which beats\\nthe half time we spoke of. Counting 365 days\\nto the year, the whole six hundred went 14\\nday soverthehalf time. Say. thatis business and\\nif you ever reach that number you are a good\\none. Note difference between the seven dozen\\nwe generally get, us average farmers, and the\\nsixteen and one-third dozen he gets from each\\nof his six hundred hens, but don t let that\\nworry you, you don t need that many to keep\\nyour pension up to $8.00 per month. But you\\nought to get eleven dozen from each of your\\n100 hens; that will pay the pension and leave\\nsome, but should you keep along with the\\ncrowd, managing by the brush pile, fence cor-\\nner plan, you may get seven dozen, often not\\nthat. Do your own figuring and see if this\\nway of managing won t pay.\\nBREED OF FOWLS.\\nAs regards the different breeds, we would\\nsay, if you are just starting in the business,\\nstart with the best you can get. Of course for", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 85\\nfresh ej\u00c2\u00bbi s for market, vou want to ret egrsf\\nproducers, such as LegHofns, Hamburghs,\\nSpanish, etc. If you already have chickens,\\nbuild up and improve by introducing new blood.\\nFor our own use we prefer the Leghorns,\\nbut all are not alike as to choice of breeds.\\nYou may now have hens that you think are\\ngood layers, if so, stick to them, improve until\\nyou get the average laying- hen up to a good\\nnotch. Some may wish to breed for fancy\\nstock. But with this plan it is for business,\\nnot much fancy work about it.\\nWe first imported the Leghorns, but they\\nwere not hardy, appeared tender, although our\\nstock at present is nearly full blood Leghorn\\nof our own make, built from the ground up.\\nfrom common stock, bv getting- a setting of\\neggs occasionally, or roosters if you prefer,\\nyou will soon have a flock to suit.\\nGet roosters or eggs from some reliable\\nbreeder, picking the best eggs for setting,\\nwhenever you come across the hen that lays\\nevery day, set all her eggs you can get. If\\nyou wish, you can have asmall flock for breed-\\ning from, of course keeping them separate\\nfrom the main flock. In that case you need no\\nroosters w r ith the laying hens, they lay just as\\nwell, some say better. At present writing we\\nhave not got a rooster on the place and are get-\\nting lots of eggs.", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "86 POULTRY PENSION.\\nShould you keep a breeding- pen you will not\\nhave to keep them shut up long as you are not\\nlong- in g-etting what egg s you wish to set, as\\nby this plan it don t take many. After ob-\\ntaining the amount of eg gs you wish, you can\\nlet the breeding- flock out with the main flock,\\nor even when you are g etting eg-gs to set, you\\ncan let the hens and rooster out late of an\\nevening-, as they will all g*o back to their own\\nhouse to roost. You can shut them up for the\\nnext day s laying-. This g-ives them exercise.\\nThe breeding pen will appear expensive and\\nuseless to some of the brush pile, fence corner\\npoultrymen. Keep the right kind of stock,\\nbred to lay, and you sell enough settings of\\neggs to pay expense of same.\\nWe do not aim to sugg-est any particular\\nchang-e in our present plan of manag-ement,\\nbut merely state, once in a while, another way\\nof accomplishing the same thing, our plan in\\nthe main being correct. You are expected to\\nmake any change to suit your convenience*\\nimproving wherever the same may appear.\\nAs we have mentioned more than once, we\\nhave found, in our locality, no inducement to\\nset any more hens than it takes to keep our\\nlaying stock up to the proper number, not find-\\ning it profitable to raise chickens especially\\nfor the market. You may think differently;\\nyour locality may offer better inducements to", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 87\\nraise chickens tor the market. With the plan\\nas given, you ought to have every year fifty\\nhens to dispose of and say one-half of your\\nearly hatched chickens, which will be roosters,\\nanother fifty, making 100 head or 8 dozen.\\nDo you sell that number by your present plan\\nof managing\\nThe market, of course, is your dictator. It\\nnever fails to call for fresh eggs, if it calls for\\npoultry. You must be your own judge whether\\nyou will supply your part or not.\\nAll along- w r e trv to tell vou how to g*et full\\nreturns; we will tell you of another source of\\nincome.\\nA few years ago, the big packing houses\\nwere throwing away a vast amount of refuse.\\nWhat do they throw away now days? Well,\\njust say nothing whatever and you have told\\nit in full. With the average farmer it should\\nbe the same in every branch of his business\\nWith his poultry managed by this or some\\nother good plan, he has a field for profit.\\nTake the manure taken out of the hen house\\neach week, and the refuse from the scratching\\npen occasionally, its value is far greater than\\nmany who have never tried it are aware of.\\nThere is still another source which makes a\\nfertilizer equal to the best on the market. We\\noften notice our hens are very destructive to\\nyoung birds, toads, etc. Just let a youngbird", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "88 POULTRY PENSION.\\nget out of its nest, they willgo for it immediate-\\nly. We did not like that part of the game and\\ncould see no reason for their being* such canni-\\nbals. We at last came to the conclusion thai\\nit had been taught to them the same as some\\nhens are taught to eat eggs bv throwing the\\neg-g shells out to them; when cleaning chickens\\nfor our own use we threw the entrails to the\\nother chickens. We have no doubt but right\\nthere we were teaching them the habit of eat-\\ning- birds, or anything that satisfied the appe-\\ntite in that line. We thought at once of bury-\\ning- the entrails, feathers, feet and head. On\\nsecond thought we recognized in the above a\\nvery valuable fertilizer, provided it was manu-\\nfactured so it could be properly handled. You\\nknow that is hard to beat, and on every farm\\nthere are the materials at hand for manufac-\\nturing the same. Most all of vou know how to\\nmake the old time ash hopper. Well, make one,\\nor get an old barrel, box or such, sieve your\\nashes to get the charcoal out to store away for\\nthe chickens in winter say, they eat char-\\ncoal the year around put a layer of ashes in,\\nand when cleaning the chickens, or when\\nthrough, pour the wholemixture, entrails, etc.,\\nand bloody water, onto the layer of ashes,\\nscattering it, then cover with another layer of\\nashes, and you have your manufacturing plant\\ngoing. There may be other refuse to put in,", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 89\\nthe more the better. Keep it moist enough for\\nthe ashes to work, not too wet, as you do not\\naim to make a liquid fertilizer, but a compost.\\nShould it run, put something- under it to catch\\nthe liquor, pouring- ii back on the mass.\\nShould it become too dry, moisten it up;\\nchamber lye is fine for the purpose. Work it\\nover occasionally; after setting-, say a week,\\ntake a spade or shovel, mixing- it well, after\\nwhile you have a sure enoug-h hig-h gTade fer-\\ntilizer. You must use it with judg-ment, put it\\nin the hill for corn, etc. Five acres fertilized\\nwill equal, or beat ten acres not fertilized, and\\nyou have it of your own make, as is the same\\nwith the other manure. Fort} acres of land\\ndevoted to poultry, using- the manure as above\\ndescribed, for raising- their and your own food,\\nwill beat oceans of eigvhtv acre farms as now\\nrun. Some people think land not fit for any-\\nthing- else is just the thing- for poultry. You\\naverag-e farmers know better, but you can im-\\nprove any of it with poultry, that is if you use\\nall the manure they furnish. Every hen on\\non the place will produce enoug-h fertilizer,\\nand of the best, every year, to more than raise\\nwhat she eats.\\nFor curiosity, my brother, let us talk with\\nyou on that score a little. It has been counted\\nfor years that each hen will consume in one\\nyear, one bushel of corn, or its equivalent.", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "90 POULTRY PENSION.\\nThat may be all right for one hen, but suppose\\nyou had two one hundred hen flocks, or two\\nhundred hens; it makes no particular differ-\\nence as to the price of corn, as to the quantity\\nyour hens eat, they should have the same\\namount at each feed, let it be high or low, let\\nit be corn or wheat.\\nWhen you want to lay in a supply of corn\\nfor your teams, not having- sufficient on hand,\\nyou try to purchase on the best terms you can,\\nfor that reason you most generally purchase\\nin the fall at gathering time. When vou get\\nfor the chickens, do the same thing.\\nLast fall all corn sold, at gathering time, at\\n25 cents per bushel. Your hens, by this plan,\\nalways have a little money on hand. You take\\ntheir own money and purchase their 200 bush-\\nels of corn, giving for the same $50.00, or 25\\ncents a bushel. By this plan of feeding, they\\nwon t eat a bushel of corn apiece, but they\\nmay consume the equivalent in something- else,\\nsay, wheat, oats, bone meal, animal food, etc.\\nYou are supposed to purchase the above in\\nquantity and at the proper time whenthe mar-\\nket is right. Of course you are expected to\\nraise all the grain, or most of it, but what we\\nwant to tell you is this, corn is now selling\\nfrom 40 to 45 cents per bushel; are you going\\nto charge the hens 40 or 45 cents a bushel for\\nit when she could have bought it with her own", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 91\\nmoney at 25 cents, enough to do her a year\\nThese extra touches are for your own benefit.\\nBy taking- the tables you can fig-ure it all out,\\nbut the labor. On very few farms is the labor\\ntaken into account, but it should be. The\\npoultry business is not as some would suppose,\\nsimply a sitting- down and folding- the hands-\\nTrue, the labor is not killing- hard, but it is\\nthere al^the same. You can compare it with\\nother labor done on the farm, a great deal\\nwith no profit at all attached to it. The old\\nman spoken of will plainly tell you it don t\\npay to hire help on the farm. He thinks aheap\\nof his old woman and girls, but from outside\\nappearances, only for what work they can do,\\nas he has them out in the fields working-. For\\na chang-e we give you a piece of poetry that ex-\\nactly suits a big- majority of such old men.\\nONE OF A THOUSAND.\\nBY MRS. M. A. KIDDER.\\nShe s one in a thousand,\\nSaid old farmer Grey,\\nAs he waded knee-deep\\nIn the sweet-scented hay.\\nYou won t find her like, marm,\\nFrom here to the town\\nThat woman out there\\nIn the calico gown", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "92 POULTRY PENSION.\\nYou thought twas a servant\\nA yoking- the steers\\nAnd the old farmer laug-hed\\nTill he started the tears.\\nAnd you was half right, marm,\\nFor, twixt you and me,\\nShe has worked like a slave\\nSince the year forty-three.\\nIf you could have seen her\\nThat morning in May,\\nWhen I stopped at her father s\\nAnd took her away\\nA likely young- bride, marm,\\nSo blooming- and fair,\\nAnd chipper as that little lamb\\nFrisking- there!\\nYou wouldn t a thoug-ht it,\\nNow would you, friend, say\\nAs you look at her wrinkled\\nAnd brow r n face today?\\nHer hard, bony hands, marm,\\nHer back like a bow?\\nAh, she s one in a thousand\\nTo labor, tha t so\\nWhen first we were married,\\nAll, all for my sake;\\nAnd here the old farmer\\nLeaned hard on his rake,\\nShe g ave up her music,", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 93\\nAnd gave up her books\\nNo nonsense about her,\\nYou d know by her looks!\\nAnd if you should lose her?\\nI ventured to sav\\nThe old farmer sighed\\nAnd looked down at his hay\\nTwould near break my heart,\\nHe replied with a tear,\\nAnd then help s uncommonly\\nHigh about here!\\nNew York Ledger.\\nWell, the girls, or mother, could take a flock\\nof chickens, attending to them with half, yes,\\none-tenth of the labor, and do well, even\\nthough they mig-ht have to pay the old man\\nfor his grain to feed their poultry. He would\\nprobably want to borrow the balance to hire\\nhis help, and of course never pay it back, and\\nyet growl that there was no money in chickens,\\nbut mother and daughters would have a far\\neasier time.\\nA great many girls are now working out for\\njust such a purpose, to help keep up the farm.\\nIt is the same with girls as it is with boys,\\nsome don t care the snap of your finger for\\npoultry: those who do should be encouraged.\\nIn fact, in some families there is not a single\\none from the old man down, who pays much\\nattention to poultry. No longer than yester-", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "94 POULTRY PENSION,\\nday we heard a lady say she was g oing to\\nraise 300 young* chickens this year, and as\\ntrue as can be she did not have a hen house\\nor chicken coop on the place. She raised Cain\\nfor a new smoke house and summer kitchen,\\ngot it, too, but does not need a hen house, or\\nat least no complaint about it. But she is for-\\ntunate in way of brush piles, big- barn, straw\\nstacks, etc.\\nMARKETING THE EGGS.\\nThe first consideration is the quality, many\\nthink it is the quantity; quality is more in\\ndemand in every line of produce today on the\\nmarket than ever before; to the average farm-\\ner an egg is an egg-.\\nDo you know eg^s are spoken of as being-\\nrich? While we are not surprised at any new\\nthing thatmay happen in the poultry business,\\nwe always watch where it originated. Keep\\nyour eye skinned and see if there won t be\\nsome brand of food gotten up to produce rich\\neggs.\\nThere is a difference in the egg produced by\\nthe well fed hen and the one on half or no ra-\\ntions at all. There is no disputing the fact,\\nthe beauty of the whole thing is, the average\\nfarmer is prepared to feed such food. The\\nplan as given you is for producing eggs of as\\ngood quality as anybody s and especially in\\ngood quantities, also some markets or locali-", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 95\\nties want the shells a certain color. Now how\\nabout that? The average farmer will hardly\\nbe bothered in that respect, unless it be in a\\ncase where he has regular customers, serving\\nthem something on the plan that a milkman\\nfurnishes milk. Should they take a notion to\\ndifferent colored eggs the producer would have\\nto furnish them or lose the trade, but for the\\naverage farmer in the main, the general mar-\\nket is his port of entry. In a few T cases, near\\nmining or manufacturing centers, large cities.\\netc., there may be established, an egg route,\\nhaving regular customers. You yourself, will\\nhave to be regular, also. At no time of the\\nvear are vou to run short of eg^s; if vou do\\nyour regular customer business is gone up.\\nYou can not depend on outsiders for eggs, as\\nyou can in no wise guarantee anyone else s\\neggs and such a route has to be furnished\\nwith the freshest of eggs. In the spring you\\nmay have lots of eg\u00c2\u00abfs, but it takes good man-\\nagement and good judgment to supply such a\\ntrade the whole year. In the most of cases,\\nthe average tarmer takes his eggs to the coun-\\ntry store, taking them up in trade, which is all\\nright, so far, but w T hen you try this plan ac-\\ncording to rule, you are going to get more eggs\\nthan you ever got before and may not be able\\nto take them all up in trade.\\nAll over the country there are plenty of cash", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "96 POULTRY PENSION,\\nbuyers, in the future there will be more of\\nthem, ready and eager for your egg s, and the\\nfarmer that is awake is the one to profit by it.\\nBut you are sure to have to quit the business\\nunless you have fresh eggs. Before long no\\nother egg goes. When coming across a nest\\nof eggs laid out, never mix them with other\\neggs known to be fresh. Some times a neigh-\\nbor may suggest going in together and ship-\\nping Never ship unless you can ship a guar-\\nanteed case of fresh eggs; in that case you can\\nnot guarantee your neighbor s, egg s, nor can\\nhe yours. Feel your way before-commencing it.\\nIn the winter time an egg may be called\\nfresh for a week from the day it is laved, in\\nsummer, 4 or 5 days, and then it beg ins to be-\\ncome stale.\\nShould you manage right, keep on and get\\nup to the two hundred hen plan, you can easily\\nget a case of thirty dozen eg gs in, at the low-\\nest calculation, four days. If near a shipping\\npoint, you might ship a case, guaranteed fresh,\\nwhich you can easily do by this plan. Mark\\nthem as such and see what you can do. Un-\\nder no circumstances put in a doubtful egg:\\nthe sooner you can see the advisability of\\nhandling only fresh eggs, the sooner you will\\ncommand better prices.\\nAll produce, no difference what kind, is\\ngraded, so with eggs; there is not much mid-", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. v )7\\ndie ground in the eg g\\\\ It is simply fresh or\\nstale, good or bad. Notice in the market re-\\nports the following\\nQuality so poor, dealers do not care to\\nhandle it.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2The best of near by points stock, higher.\\nThe supply was light of fresh, salable, on\\nbasis loss off.\\nQuality of stock poor, loss heavy.\\nThe above tells just what is on the market;\\nwho is to blame? First the producer, in not\\nselling his stock (eg-gs) when fresh. Next,\\nthe merchant for holding- them so long- before\\nshipping-. What are you g oing- to do about it;\\ndo you notice what was said above, Quality\\nso poor dealers don t care to handle? After\\nwhile you will not hear, they don t care to\\nhandle it, when you take vour doubtful es^s\\nin they will say, the dealers positively won t\\nhandle it. So g-et on board if you wish to be\\nin front. The whole thing- is on the. move, just\\nstick a pin right here. The above conditions\\nare sure to exist. They don t like to handle\\nthem now, shortly they won t; and then where\\nwill the brush pile, fence corner poultryman\\nbe?\\nAs stated above, all over the country there\\nare cash egg buyers. Tenor fifteen years ago\\ndid you ever hear of us poor averag-e farmers\\never being offered cash for eggs What", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "98 POULTRY PENSION.\\nbrought those cash buyers amongst us You\\nmay not think think of such things. You yet\\nhave time to take notice of the progress of the\\negg business with much less trouble than be-\\nfore as there is but one direction to look in\\nthe k Fresh Egg Route, and to think some\\nwill say the poultry business is overdone.\\nWe have often heard some of the country\\nmerchants complain about this -loss off you\\nnotice and hear of, claiming the last shipment\\nthey made the loss was so heavy that they\\ncould not pay much for eggs this time. Right\\nhere there is a screw loose, the merchant can-\\ndles your eggs (no, not candles, be safer all\\naround if he would), but tests them with a\\ntester, to our notion of not much consequence,\\nonly to tell a real bad eg~g from a tolerably\\nfair one, not distinguishing the genuine fresh\\none at all. At any rate, if he ships them out\\npretty soon after receiving them, the loss ought\\nnot to be so much. We are an average farmer\\n(hardlv that) ourself, but the eggs are very\\nnearly lost, in a great many cases before the\\nfarmer ever starts to town with them. The\\ncommission merchant gets the blame, in most\\ncases, for this last loss off some even claim-\\ning he keeps it as a part of his profit. Gener-\\nally speaking, they are a high class of men\\nand they sure have a hard job handling just\\nsuch eggs as are first taken to town by us", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION, 99\\naverage farmers to the average country mer-\\nchant and tested by not an average tester.\\nMost e i s taken bv the average farmer are\\ngathered from all over the farm, may be have\\nbeen held for higher prices, two weeks or more,\\npart the time with a hen on. Eggs have been\\nknown to hatch on the way, or on the market,\\nin the hands of these very commission men,\\nand you know it takes three weeks at home for\\nthe purpose. The commission man is to blame,\\nI suppose. When you come to keeping the eggs\\nfor higher prices it is generally a losing game,\\non most average farms. Shove them into mar-\\nket fresh. If you cannot get proper credit at\\nhome for guaranteed fresh eggs by the case,\\ntry shipping. Cold storage cuts a figure in\\nholding egg s over, but when they get into mar-\\nket and run up against thefresh egg, you hear\\nthe following: Choice, fresh eggs sold 25c,\\nbut cold storage held or doubtful stock would\\nnot bring anything like that figure. In just-\\nice to the cold storage man, he doesn t try to\\ncompete with the fresh egg, he is only buying\\nthem up so when he catches the hens napping,\\nin winter, he shoves in his stock. In some\\ncases the market is glad to get them. That is\\na trick in the trade, not a very old one either.\\nAs we told you before, keep your eye skinned\\nand stay with the procession; whenever they\\ntry to turn the trick on the old hen, they are", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION.\\nno t ta it at aU. she hold^ the t\u00e2\u0080\u0094 \u00c2\u00abg\\ntation. but the genu ou got to do\\nwhere or what have jw\\nthing. V\\\\here, o y ou are right\\nwith it, you ^erage farmer, no\\nnext to the old hen, for without y\\negg market to talk about you ere mj\\nbut don t neglect your oppo\\npile, fence corner P^\u00c2\u00bb M\\nr DISEASED-\\nthat the fowls kept uj\\nhave been healthy. a fead state\\nSeveral years ago we wer our\\nof affairs, some k,nd of a d-ease\\nfowls and struck them w\u00c2\u00a3\\nchicken cholera; it may th t cause d\\nhave always ^^m, nests and\\nit for they had lo s o^ ita grgat\\nall, covered w.th them We\\nchickens, but we got nd of had a\\nki \u00e2\u0080\u009eed some. f^S days we did\\ngeneral cleaning ;up. dean t\\nnot oil our roosts at all^n faith\\nthe hen ^ej had n0 troub i e We\\nfnlly done since and h\\nnever hand a case ui r", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 10)\\nand from all accounts of the disease, I guess\\nthat we would have known it. We are very\\nparticular in regard to drafts in cold weather\\nhi the roosting room. The roosting 1 room, if\\nprotected as we have described, has no imme-\\ndiate contact with the outside, except on one\\nside and the roof, which can be protected if\\nnecessary. In a cold climate, double it, or\\ncover with roofing felt.\\nOur idea is that half the so called diseases\\nare caused from filth and lice. We sometimes\\nhave noticed sulphur-colored droppings under\\nthe roosts; being afraid of cholera, we throw\\nair slacked lime on it. more often take it out\\nand throw it on the jjarden.\\nAn old lady told me that steamed oats would\\ncure the cholera every time. We have had no\\ncholera since to try it on. but if a hen ever\\nlooks bad, or wrong in any manner, she gets\\nsteamed oats. At any rate we have adopted\\nit as a ration in our feed table, changing oc-\\ncasionally to wheat.\\nWe don t feed any preventatives at all, but\\nwe believe a ood way of feeding is affoodway\\nto prevent several things. We have noticed a\\nlot of different things put in the water, at dif-\\nferent places, to keep off the cholera. Some-\\ntimes very little water was in sight, but the\\nother stuff was there, poke root, white oak-\\nbark, blue stone, common, bottledblueing, etc..", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "102 POULTRY PENSION.\\netc. Whenever they thought of giving the hens\\nwater, it was poured in on that stuff and they\\ncall it a preventative for disease. Many are\\nthe farms where poultry seldom ever tret a\\ndrink of water only when it rains, and we have\\njust finished telling- you that the market for\\nfresh eggs depended on the average farmer,\\nor do vve count them as not average?\\nDon t fail to give plenty of pure, fresh water\\nevery day in the year, in clean vessels, leaving\\nout the stuff named above, it is of no good on\\nearth. If you manage by this plan, or some\\nother g ood plan\u00e2\u0080\u0094 we don t pretend to sav this\\nis the only way; we do say for one who does\\nnot know of any system at all, it is just the\\nplan to jump at.\\nThere is a habit which some call, or rather\\nclass among diseases; it is eg-g- eating-. In\\nmany cases it is taught to the hens by the\\nthrowing- out of eg-g- shells, especially just after\\nbreaking the eg-ef for house use, and tossing\\nthe shells out of doors, which is very common.\\nIt looks like they would soon learn it is not a\\ng ood thing-. to do, but they do not, having prac-\\nticed it all their lives, are still at it. Lay the\\nshells on the hearth of your stove, or in a pan\\nin the oven, letting them heat, not burn, until\\nthey crumble easily; mash them up and scat-\\nthem on the ground or in the scratching pen\\nfor the chickens; don t putthem in the bone meal", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 103\\nboxes. Some hens seem to take to eatin r eersrs\\nand are hard to break. Whenever you catch\\none certain hen eati ng eg g s very often, the best\\nidea is to eat her, the sooner you g*et rid of her\\nthe better it is for the balance of the flock.\\nBy feeding- the rig-ht kind of feed there is not\\nmuch trouble on the eg-g- eating- score. Half\\nfed, or not fed at all, hens, are worse than anv\\nother. By eating- one egg- they may be able to\\nproduce another, but it is not profitable as\\nthey will only come out even; so feed them e\u00c2\u00ab- r\\nproducing food, according- to the tables, and\\nyou can g-et the finished product for your pav\\nfor your food and labor.\\n(rive the poultry g-ood care and attention and\\nthere is no more dang-er of disease than with\\nanv other stock.\\nTWO HUNDRED HENS.\\nWe hardly know how to upproach the two\\nhundred hen plan as we have been talking- to\\nyou altogether on the one hundred hen plan,\\nYou know as well as anybody there are manv\\nwho will not manage 100 hens and g-et full re-\\nturns, but for your especial benefit we will\\ntell you something- of the two hundred hen\\nbusiness, but don t g-et excited and go into it\\nuntil you are perfectly satisfied you can mas-\\nter the business. It is not the number you\\nkeep at all; some may have the 200 hens now,\\nwhile if they only had 50 they would g-et more", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "104 POULTRY PENSION.\\nclear profit.\\nFor the 200 hen plan, everything- is. of\\ncourse, double. Twice the amount of house\\nroom, etc., but as we told you in the start you\\nneed not abandon what improvements you al-\\nready have, add a shed here, an addition\\nsomewhere else and so on. If you build a new\\nhouse out and out you can t beat the plan as we\\nhave g-iven you, but don t attempt to run a 200\\nhen business in a 100 hen house. Don t think\\nbecause we tell vou of one thinir more than the\\none time that you are hard to make understand.\\nTake the book all throug-h. makeanote of each\\npoint where we have cautioned you so often.\\nIt you don t succeed, or are not doing as well\\nas you wish, look up those oft repeated points\\nand see if you are not hung up on one of them.\\nAt one time we thought we would put up sigm\\nboards all along- the route, but have just made\\nthem so plain that you can tell rig-ht where\\nare to be put. Before proceeding let us tell\\nyou the 200 hen business is no hard proposi-\\ntion at all, that is for you, but your neighbor\\nmight not do so well. You say you are not\\nyour neighbor s keeper. Help him along- if\\nyou possibly can, it will benefit you and the\\nwhole neighborhood.\\nNotice in the poultry and farm and poultry\\npapers and see what certain counties are\\ndoing- in the egg and poultry business. See if", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 105\\nthey don t get better prices than you do, in a\\nneighborhood where but a few produce first\\nclass poultry and g-enuine fresh eg^s; egg and\\npoultry buyers hunt such places. If we knew\\nthe exact location of your farm and iarin build-\\nings we could tell you more particularly about\\nthe location of your two houses, as it is we w r ill\\nbut make sug-g-estions; but will most emphat-\\nically say if you really mean business and aim\\nto attend to the details, there is not much show\\nfor your losing anything by making the\\nhouses substantial, neat, well painted, etc.;\\nthe hens will soon pay for it. You may not be\\nable to do it all at once, but beg in with the in-\\ntention, it will add to the appearance of your\\nfarm, besides paying more, counting the capi-\\ntal invested, than any other improvements on\\nthe farm. They are permanent improvements\\nand if properly put up in the start, will not\\nhave to be replaced soon.\\nIt is not necessary for us to attempt to esti-\\nmate the cost, as you are no\u00c2\u00a3 compelled to use\\nany particular plan or material. You may\\nhave some building already on the place which\\ncan be worked over to suit the purpose, or\\nsome lumber at hand that woul d do, but be\\nsure and have the ground room for scratching\\npen at each 100 hen house. We contemplate\\nbuilding another house by the plan as stated,\\nfixed up in fine shape, but w r e do not expect", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "106 POULTRY PENSION.\\none more egg from the fine hou.se than in the\\nfirst house, built of common barn siding roof\\nof same, and painted with mineral paint. The\\nhens don t care a copper so they are comfort-\\nable; but before we forg-et it vve wish to tell\\nyou the hen is a sure queer bird. Paint the\\nhouses at each station a different color and\\nsee how soon they notice it, each one going to\\nher proper house.\\nThe location of the two houses has some-\\nthing to do with the management. At first\\nthought you migmt think to have them as far\\napart as possible; that might do provided they\\nwere out of sig-ht of each other, out of hearing-\\ndistance or fenced apart, which would be necs-\\nsary in case you had another two flock of 100\\neach, but we will only talk of the two 100 hen\\nflock. If you gx any deeper it s your look out;\\nbe careful when you go to expanding it is\\nrisky in almost every case, let alone poultry,\\nbut it is sometimes advisable. If you run your\\n200 hens up to the notch, and still improving-,\\nyou are almost sure to expand, and then what!\\nWe prefer the houses close together, not jam\\nup: the man from the east is working- them\\non a g-ood plan. You have to feed them alto-\\ngether so you had just as well have the houses\\nclose together, for they will all come if they\\nsee or hear you. Some arg-ue that 200 hens\\nare too many for one flock, so say we, in one", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 107\\nhouse, especially a 100 hen house, but it is no\\ntrick at all too feed 200 hens out of their\\nhouses, on the ground. Just stand in one\\nplace and throw the grain broadcast over a\\nsmall space; don t throw one handful and\\nwatch the hens pick that up. keep it going-,\\nwatch where they are cleaning- up the fastest.\\nThe above is for corn. Should you take a no-\\ntion to feed wheat outside of house, in summer,\\niust trail it along- in a circle big enough for\\nthem to g*et around it. In winter you will\\nhave to do most of your feeding in the scratching*\\npen unless you g-et a move on yourself and clean\\nthe snow away from the house. Manag-e just\\nas you did your 100 hen flock when ..you first\\nwent into the business for profit, only a little\\nmore so. When running a 200 hen flock, if you\\nexpect to use the eggs for setting, it will take\\nseveral roosters and they cause a heap of\\nbother, more particularly in winter, when the\\nflock uses the houses during- the day. When\\nyou g-et up the 200 hen flock you can surely af-\\nford a breeding- pen, you know it don t take so\\nvery many eg-g-s to set, considering- the size of\\nyour business. You only want 100 pullets\\neach fall and you oug-ht to g-et them easy out\\nof 300 eg-g-s set. With a g-ood breeding- pen\\nyou can build up some trade in your neigh-\\nborhood selling eggs for setting. When you\\nalso reach perfection with your 200 hen flock", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "108 POULTRY PENSION.\\nvou will commence thinking of an incubator.\\nWell, a good 200 egg incubator run and man-\\naged with the same energy, should enable you to\\ntackle the 200 hen plan, it being sufficient to\\nset it Only twice to keep your layers fresh.\\nShould you undertake it, the first thing- is a\\nreliable machine, and vou can onlv jret one of\\na reliable firm. Don t go for one because it is\\ncheap, but of course get it as reasonable as\\npossible. Get a good brooder also, that is of\\nmore consequence, to very many, than the in-\\ncubator. By this plam the Chicks ought all\\ncome off in April and May, two good months\\nfor raising chickens, Read your poultry and\\nag-ncultural books and you will find lots of\\ngood suggestions on raising them; that is for\\nwarmth, etc., you can t beat the plan already\\ngiven for feeding them.\\nOnly when raising them in a brooder, you\\nare to supply them animal food and grit. You\\nwill find from time to time various suggestions\\nin your papers that will equal, and you may\\nthink beat ours; go for it, that is what makes\\nthe thing g-o. We don t care how near the\\nhead of the procession you get. We simply\\nwant to g-et you started in on the tail end be-\\nfore the whole thing moves off and leaves you.\\nThe average farmer and poultryman belong in\\nthe front. Some are away up now, but for the\\nlands sake, look around and see how many", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION.\\nyou know who are being* left fast. When you\\nyet to talking- to them, tell them if they can t\\ndo any better, build a straw shed for their\\nhens to scratch in, even if they have to roost\\nout of doors. We don t like to mention it to\\nthem, they might g et offended. Let them have\\nyour book to read if they can t afford one, any-\\nthing to start them, it s for their own g-ood.\\nSUBSTITUTES.\\nThere are various substitutes for furnishing-\\nthe animal food, bone meal, etc. We don t\\nknow much about them from actual use. We\\nused beef meal a short time on account of the\\ncracklins becoming scarce. You can g*et it\\nfrom same parties you g-et the bone meal from,\\nbut you cannot mix it with the steamed feed:\\nof course von can but we believe it is better\\nmixed with the bone meal as described in the\\ntable.\\nThere are bone mills on the market for cut-\\nting- or shaving- green bone as it comes from\\nthe butcher shop, but like the cracklins, will\\nbe hard to get when manv are wanting- it, un-\\nless in larg-e towns and cities.\\nIn some sections, rabbits are plentiful\\nenough to supply meat in winter. Boil them,\\nseason as you would were you g-oing- to eat\\nthem yourself, chopping-them up fine, bone and\\nall. steaming- the grain in the water they were\\ncooked in. To some, the rabbit may not seem\\nlike the proper thing to others, it is just the", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "110 POULTRY PENSION.\\nthe thin\u00c2\u00ab-, as there are localities where it is no\\ntrouble to get them, sometimes catching\\nenough to last a long time, during- a big\\nsnow. The beef meal, in the long run is the\\nmost reliable, as it is no trouble to get. Now\\nit may seem extravagant to furnish animal\\nfood for your hens; we will just say it is far\\nmore extravag-ant not to furnish it, as it is a\\ndead loss, for you cannot get full returns with-\\nout it, not only once in a while, but regularly-\\nSome have tried it occasionally, once or twice\\nduring the winter. Regular or not at all, that\\nis the plan all through; the investment is some-\\nthing- like laying down a dollar and taking up\\ntwo.\\nThere is also, on the market, granulated\\nbone, about the size of wheat grains or larger,\\nwhich is fine, but for the average farmer the\\nbone meal is cheapest and, from our experi-\\nence, answers the purpose. The granulated\\nis claimed to be green bone; we hardly think\\nit is. in every case, but believe it is all bone,\\nthat is all we have handled, but what it may\\nbe after while is another thing. The bone\\nmeal we speak of is sold as pure, fresh ground;\\nit may have been when ground. In buying any\\nof it you want to buy irom some reliable firm.\\nThere is a brand we intend trying, it is sold\\nas pure flesh, blood and bones, if so it seems\\nlike it ought to be very near what we want.", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. Ill\\nAt the present you will be all rig-ht with\\nsuch as we first mentioned, and when vou be-\\ng-in expanding-, just keep posted with papers,\\nand if you don t find enoug-h to satisfy, you are\\namong-st the first. Be economical in buying-\\nbut don t try to be economical by not buying 1\\nat all.\\nTHE MAN FROM THE EAST.\\nFor an example, we g*ive you a partial ac-\\ncount of the operations of the man from the\\neast. He formerly worked in a manufactur-\\ning- establishment in a northeastern state,\\nrunning or tending- a certain class of machin-\\nery. The proprietors, from time to time, have\\nbeen adding- other machinery, making- it so the\\none man who formerly tended one machine\\nnow tends to three. His health besran to fail:\\nwas in one strike; he beg-an thinking- of other\\nmachines being- put on to replace more men:\\nhis health also beg-inning- to fail, he thoug-ht\\nhe had better begin making- other arrange-\\nments while he had a little money saved up,\\nknowing- if he lost his job his money would not\\nlast long-.\\nHe corresponded with the land ag-ent of the\\nFrisco R. R. in reg-ard to land in Southwest\\nMissouri and Arkansas. During- a shut down\\nof the mills, he pulled out for Arkansas. He\\nsays it was a hard pull, as he hardly knew\\nwhat was o-oin r to become of him. He was", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "112 POULTRY PENSION.\\nconvinced be could not lon r remain where he\\nwas.\\nHe landed in Southwest Missouri, just over\\nthe state line from Arkansas. He bought\\nforty acres of land near a railroad station.\\npaying- $320.00 for the same. It had a pretty\\nfair box house on it, a log- stable, 22 acres\\nfenced and broke out, the balance being cov-\\nered with trood timber. He built a log- hen\\nhouse 20x30 feet, with the help of his g-ood\\nneighbors, it cost him very little cash. He\\nbought fifty hens, as gx od as the country af-\\nforded, which was far above what he had ex-\\npected, set out three acres of strawberries,\\ntwenty-five apple trees, with various other\\nsmall fruit. The first year came very near\\ndoing him up. His wife could hardly stand it,\\nbeing- raised in the east and eominif to that\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2wooded country it was sure hard to stand.\\nNow it is all chang-ed, neither himself nor wife\\ncares to g o back.\\nHis stock now consists of 196 laying- hens,\\nhis first poultry house; another built of pine\\nlumber, 20x30, sawed right there in the neigh-\\nborhood. There is a stone foundation under\\nhis new hen house, the stone also g otten close\\nat hand.\\nHis two houses are 30 feet apart, with a\\ncovered run between the two, 12 loot wide,\\nwith door connecting each house to this run.", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 113\\nIt is used for feeding- purposes in bad weather,\\nmostly in winter. There are hinjred troughs\\nall around this feeding- room, the sides of\\nhouse making- one side of trougfh. Bv unhook-\\ning- at each end and center they are easily let\\ndown for cleaning-. On south side of this run\\nthere is plenty of lig-ht and sun, having* lig-ht\\nglass and oiled muslin in plenty. The above\\nrun makes a fine place for feeding- the steamed\\ngrain, in the troug-hs around the sides. All\\nthe above building-s have eave troughs for run-\\nning the water away from the houses. To\\ncome right down to the point, everything is in\\ngood shape.\\nNow we come to a new idea of his own \u00c2\u00abet\\nup. When he first undertook the business, he\\nknew very little about chickens. As he has to\\nhave 100 pullets every fall, it is a hard matter\\nto pick out what he wishes to discard every\\nfall, as they are now all full blood Brown\\nLeghorns and look almost exactly alike. He\\nis starting two breeding pens, one of Brown\\nand the other of White Leghorns, one house\\nto be whites and the other browns. One year\\nset all browns and the next year all whites.\\nBy that means he says he will have no trouble\\nin picking out what he wants to dispose of. If\\nthere is no sale for the eggs for setting pur-\\nposes, he lets which ever pen he is not using\\nrun with the main flock.", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "114 POULTRY PENSION.\\nHe prepares his oiled muslin in the following\\nmanner\\nStretch the muslin tightly on a frame the\\nsize you want, get one quart of linseed oil, one\\nounce of sugar of lead and three ounces of\\nrosin. Pulverize the sugar of lead in a little\\noil and add it to the other materials. Put all\\ninto an iron kettle and, heat it until the resin\\nis dissolved and all is thoroughly mixed; ap-\\nply while hot. At the end of five years, he says\\nhe is all O. K. He is head boss, runs his own\\nmachine, has his own living, butter, milk, veg-\\netables, fruit and honey, as he now has fine\\nbees.\\nHe thinks his section of country will soon be\\nnoted for the poultry business, the climate\\nalone being- a great inducement, to say noth-\\ning of cheap land, building material, etc.\\nTransportation to market is ample, with talk\\nof more routes being laid out. At present,\\nthere is a pretty good market, winter resorts\\nusing a good supply of both poultry and eggs,\\nwith egg buyers by the wholesale. At any\\nrate he thinks he made a safe venture, having\\nplenty of everything, good health, with two\\nfine baby boys.\\nMy reader, don t you think a man of the\\nabove type i\u00c2\u00ab a winner most anywhere?\\nHe is talking of expanding, purchasing a\\n200 egg incubator, enlarging his flock, etc. It", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "POULTRY PENSION. 115\\nis almost certain he will succeed, the firm that\\nsells him an incubator and brooder can rest\\nassured that the children won t run it; all the\\nbetter for them, as a machine in such hands\\nis a trood advertisement.\\nTHE MAN FROM THE WEST.\\nThis man was born and raised in the west,\\nor rather Southwest. His parents were\\nwealth} The boy was not a complete success\\n(according to our plan) in the city in which\\nhis parents lived. They moved to the city\\nfrom a fine farm to educate their children.\\nThey, him. or some one, concluded he was only\\nfit to make a No. 1 poultry man. We have often\\nthought it was against his own will.\\nThey purchased land in a near by county\\nand set him up in the business. Let me tell\\nyou there was no discount in the set up He\\nhad everything- you ever heard of in the busi-\\nness, as far as fixtures are concerned, incu-\\nbators, brooders, houses, glass and wooden,\\nheaters, etc., he and his business were the\\ntalk of the whole section, and are yet. There\\nwas one grand mistake in the start, there\\nwere no children. to run those incubators and\\nthey would not, or did not, run themselves, and\\nthey had a fair and impartial trial, as he left\\nthem entirely alone, while he spent the great-\\ner part of his time in a near by town, telling\\nthe bpvs just how he was going to stampede", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "116 POULTRY PENSION.\\nthe broiler market, and the boys all thought a\\ngreat deal of him and always will, as long as\\nthe old folks at home foot the bills.\\nAfter cooking- a batch or soof eg-g-s, smother-\\ning- or starving- any chickens he may have\\nhatched, he concluded the incubator was not\\nreliable and g-ave them up. He then went\\nafter the fresh eg-g- market; he served it just as\\nhe did the broiler market.\\nAt last accounts he was still in the chicken\\nbusiness, drawing- regularly on the old folks\\nfor funds to keep him (and the boys) g-oing-.\\nThe markets that he was g oing- to glut remain\\nthe same as before. Take vour choice.\\nTHE END.", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "I", "height": "2772", "width": "1666", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2738", "width": "1678", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "ite o 1\\nMAY g\\nLIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n002 866 898 3", "height": "2759", "width": "1805", "jp2-path": "poultrypensionfo00glas_0120.jp2"}}