{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "5609", "width": "3601", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS,\\nChap.\u00e2\u0080\u0094_ _ Copyright No...\\nUNITED STATES OF AMERICA.", "height": "4620", "width": "2934", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4323", "width": "3191", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4680", "width": "3139", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "Bible Characters\\nV BY\\nS. M. BURNHAM, M.A.\\nAuthor of Limestones and Marbles Precious Stones Struggles\\nof the Nations 2 Voluines Pleasant Me??iories of For-\\neign Travel The Roman s Story Biograph-\\nical Sketches of So?ne Ancient People\\nILLUSTRATED\\nERRARE EST HUMANUM\\nIN SOLO DEO SALUS\\nBOSTON\\nA. I. BRADLEY CO", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0009.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "25406\\n72771\\nJUL 26 fM\\nStCOW COPY.\\nUr**.\u00c2\u00ab1 to\\n\u00c2\u00a9RGttf OWiSKJN,\\nCopyright, 1900\\nBy A. I. Bradley Co", "height": "4651", "width": "2976", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0010.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nCHAP.\\nPAGE\\nI.\\nA Eomance\\n9\\nII.\\nFrom Captivity to a Throne\\n22\\nIII.\\nRoyal Festivals\\n34\\nIV.\\nIsrael s Greatest Prophet\\n52\\nV.\\nThe Faithful Friend\\n67\\nVI.\\nThe Faithful Friend\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Concluded\\n78\\nVII.\\nThe Kings of Judah\\n89\\nVIII.\\nThe Kings of Judah Continued\\n101\\nIX.\\nThe Kings of Judah Continued\\nIll\\nX.\\nThe Kings of Judah Continued\\n125\\nXI.\\nThe Kings of Judah Concluded\\n140\\nXII.\\nThe Kings of Israel\\n151\\nXIII.\\nThe Kings of Israel Continued\\n161\\nXIV.\\nThe Kings of Israel Concluded\\n172\\nXV.\\nThe Eloquent Orator\\n181\\nXVI.\\nHis First Missionary Journey\\n193\\nXVII.\\nHis Second Missionary Journey\\n213\\nXVIII.\\nNew Fields of Labor\\n224\\nXIX.\\nNew Fields of Labor Concluded\\n234\\nXX.\\nMissionary Excursions\\n244\\nXXI.\\nAn Appeal to Caesar\\n268\\nXXII.\\nA Prisoner at Rome\\n281", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0011.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4669", "width": "2949", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0012.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "ILLUSTRATIONS.\\n1. Kuth and Naomi.\\n2. Triumph of Mordecai.\\n3. Elijah in the Wilderness.\\n4. Huldah and the Book of the Law.\\n5. St. Stephen Preaching.\\n6. St. John and St. Peter.\\n7. St. Paul.\\n8. Conversion of Paul.\\n9. Paulus.\\n10. Paul at Ephesus.\\n11. Paul Preaching to the Thessalonians.\\n12. Theatre of Dionysus at Athens.\\n13. Athens from the East.\\n14. A Building of Ancient Corinth.", "height": "4683", "width": "2758", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0013.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4631", "width": "3249", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0014.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION.\\nThe Sacred Scriptures are so comprehensive\\nthat they may justly be termed a Library of\\nHistorical Information, especially in the depart-\\nment of biography, which is history, especially\\nthat of distinguished persons. They teach the\\nBrotherhood of Nations, and the unity of the\\nhuman race in the fundamental qualities of hu-\\nmanity. Only a very brief record of the lives of\\na large part of Bible characters is given in the\\nScriptures, though their works and writings may\\nhave been abundant and comprehensive.\\nIn describing the career of different persons\\nliving at the same period, and actors in the same\\nscenes, repetitions are sometimes unavoidable,\\nwhile a description of the places where remark-\\nable events occurred is presumed to render still\\nmore interesting both place and event.\\nA more extended space has been given The\\nEloquent Orator than to any other character,\\nfor the reason that more is written about his\\nlabors than is given of others.\\nThe Scriptures have been the chief source of\\ninformation, and have been, in some instances,\\n7", "height": "4683", "width": "2993", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0015.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "8 INTRODUCTION,\\nalmost literally reproduced in the following\\nSketches, the main object being to arrange\\nand classify the events in chronological order,\\nand designate the position each prominent indi-\\nvidual held.", "height": "4663", "width": "2946", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0016.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "Bible Characters,\\nA Romance.\\nCHAPTER L\\nA1ST INTERESTING STORY.\\nFrom the earliest ages of the world to the\\npresent day, famines or the scarcity of provisions\\nnecessary for man and animals, have visited dif-\\nferent countries, causing great distress, and some-\\ntimes the death of a large number of the inhab-\\nitants of those regions visited by such calamities.\\nWar, famine, and pestilence are the fearful meth-\\nods often employed by the Supreme Ruler, to\\nchastise nations and teach them the lesson that\\ntransgressions of His laws bring inevitable punish-\\nments, though the innocent suffer with the guilty\\nin all national adversities, but in the future life,\\nperfect justice will be administered to all.\\nThose nations or communities that have never\\nsuffered from such a calamity as a famine, cannot,\\n9", "height": "4683", "width": "2993", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0017.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "10\\nBIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nof course, fully understand its horrors, but the\\nimagination can picture scenes of intense suffering\\nand dismay. Famines have, sometimes, been the\\nmeans of effecting important national movements,\\nas was the case in the history of the Israelites.\\nAt the close of the rule of the Judges of Israel,\\nthere occurred a famine in Palestine, that consti-\\ntuted the foundation for the interesting story of\\nRuth the Moabitess.\\nThere lived in the town of Bethlehem, an\\nIsraelite of the tribe of Judah, named Elimelech\\nwith his wife Naomi, and their two sons, Mahlon\\nand Chilion. This man was the owner of land,\\nsince each tribe and family had portions assigned\\nthem on the division of the conquered territory.\\nWhile residing at Bethlehem, the country was\\nvisited by a famine, which caused great suffering.\\nAfter their supply of provisions was exhausted,\\nthe people were greatly troubled, not knowing\\nwhere to obtain food necessary to sustain life.\\nTheir flocks and herds were dying from hunger,\\nand the people must soon perish, unless they could\\nobtain provisions. The fruit trees had withered,\\ntherefore nothing could be expected from them.\\nLittle children were crying for bread, and mothers\\nwere liolding their helpless infants while suffering\\nfrom weakness themselves. The whole region\\nvisited by the famine afforded some of the most\\npathetic scenes ever witnessed.", "height": "4648", "width": "3243", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0018.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "A ROMANCE. 11\\nAt length the news came that the Moabites,\\ntheir neighbors, had plenty of food, since the\\nfamine did not reach their land, therefore Elim-\\nelech resolved to leave his own home with his\\nfamily, and go to their country. Accordingly,\\nthey made preparations for their journey and a\\nresidence in a foreign land during the famine, still\\nkeeping possession of their house and land, expect-\\ning to return.\\nThey probably took with them such articles\\nas they could carry, and the means of supplying\\ntheir immediate wants. It is not certain how\\nthey travelled, but as the distance was not great,\\nit was likely they journeyed on foot, and as\\nMahlon and Chilion were approaching man-\\nhood, they could be of great assistance to their\\nparents.\\nWhen they came into the country of Moab,\\nalmost the first object that attracted their notice,\\nwas the lofty peak of Mount Nebo, a memorable\\nplace to an Israelite, since it formed the mauso-\\nleum of their great lawgiver, who was buried\\nby the angels of God. The scene as imagined, is\\nbeautifully described by Mrs. C. F. Alexander, in\\na poem on the Burial of Moses, beginning,\\nBy Nebo s lonely mountain,\\nOn this side Jordan s wave\\nIn a vale in the land of Moab\\nThere lies a lonely grave", "height": "4683", "width": "3004", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0019.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "12 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nAnd no man dug that sepulchre,\\nAnd no man saw it e er\\nFor the Sons of God upturned the sod,\\nAnd laid the dead man there, etc.\\nThe Moabites were the descendants of Moab,\\nson of Lot, consequently were the kindred of the\\nIsraelites. The same was true of Ammonites;\\nboth nations settled east of the Jordan, the Am-\\nmonites north of the Moabites, whose capital city,\\nsituated on the river Arnon was known by sev-\\neral names as 1st Ar-Eabbah, 2d Kabbath-Moab,\\n3rdArnon-Eabbah. The earlier inhabitants\\nwere giants called Emm, whom the Moabites con-\\nquered. The Israelites during their exodus, were\\nforbidden to attempt the conquest of the Moab-\\nites, but there were frequent wars between the\\ntwo nations for a long time. The Moabites\\nwould not allow the emigrants to pass through\\ntheir territory, on their journey to Canaan,\\nneither would they supply them with food\\nthough- payment was offered for it. Both the\\nMoabites and the Ammonites their kindred, Were\\nidolaters, and sometimes offered their children as\\na burnt-sacrifice to their gods, whose worship\\nwas attended by gross immoralities.\\nThe prophecies concerning Moab are numerous\\nand remarkable, and have been fulfilled. It was\\npredicted that the nation would fall from its\\nhigh estate on account of its wickedness. The", "height": "4675", "width": "2968", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0020.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "A ROMANCE. 13\\ncountry contained numerous populous cities, of\\nwhich more than fifty have been located by ex-\\nplorers, from their ruins, comprising the remains\\nof temples and other buildings, constructed of\\nstones of great size, and with columns measuring\\nthree feet in diameter, cisterns cut out of the\\nrocks, hanging gardens and other remarkable\\nworks, affording proof that the Moabites had\\nmade great progress in some departments of the\\narts of an advanced civilization. The desolation\\nof this ancient country must have surpassed hu-\\nman conception. One prediction of the prophet\\nis as follows O ye that dwell in Moab, leave\\nthe cities and dwell in the rock, and be like the\\ndove that maketh her nest in the sides of the\\nhole s mouth.\\nElimelech and Naomi, though living in an age\\nwhen their country was ruled by judges, some of\\nwhom adopted the heathen practices of cotempo-\\nrary nations, yet it is presumed they maintained\\ntheir national religion taught them by Moses the\\ndistinguished lawgiver of their nation, therefore\\nwhen emigrating to a pagan land, they did not\\nforget their early training. It is probable that\\nothers of their countrymen removed to Moab,\\nwhich was rich and fertile, on account of the\\nfamine in Palestine, and may have formed a so-\\nciety by themselves with priests to instruct\\nthem and perhaps some were inclined to accept", "height": "4683", "width": "2972", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0021.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "14 BIBLE CHARACTERS,\\nthe religion of the Moabites. It appears that the\\nsons of Elimelech associated with them since\\nboth married Moabite wives, a practice not sanc-\\ntioned by the laws of the Israelites, which forbade\\nsuch alliances with heathen nations.\\nDuring a residence of ten years in Moab, im-\\nportant changes occurred in the family of Elime-\\nlech and Naomi. Mahlon married Euth, and\\nChilion selected Orpah for his companion, both\\ndaughters of Moabites. Elimelech and both his\\nsons died, leaving Naomi and her daughters-in-\\nlaw without a protector.\\nAt length the report came that the famine had\\nceased in her native land, and that the harvests\\nwere abundant, therefore Naomi resolved to re-\\nturn to her own country accompanied by her\\ndaughters-in-law whom she regarded with tender\\naffection and sympathy, and who were ardently\\nattached to her, as proved by their willingness\\nto leave their kindred and native land and go\\nwith her to a foreign country. The three women\\nstarted for Bethlehem in the land of Judah, but\\nbefore proceeding far on their journey, Naomi\\ntold her companions it would be better for them\\nto return to their home and friends, and leave\\nher to go on alone, and giving them a parting\\nkiss, she burst into tears and said, The Lord\\ndeal kindly with you as ye have with me and\\nthe dead.", "height": "4624", "width": "3345", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0024.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "A ROMANCE. 15\\nThey wept and replied Surely we will go\\nwith thee unto thy people, but Naomi urged\\nthem to return, when they expressed their grief\\nin loud lamentations. Orpah, after kissing her\\nmother-in-law, returned to her people and her\\ngods, as it is expressed by the sacred historian,\\nbut Ruth said, Entreat me not to leave thee,\\nfor where you go, I will go; thy people shall\\nbe my people, and thy God shall be my God.\\nWhere thou diest, I will die, and there will I be\\nburied. The Lord do unto me and more also, if\\naught but death part thee and me. Naomi did\\nnot argue the question any longer, but yielded to\\nthe resolution of Kuth, and the two went on their\\njourney until they came to Bethlehem.\\nWhen they arrived at the city, the inhabitants\\nwere much surprised and inquired, Is this\\nNaomi She replied, call me not Naomi,\\n(meaning pleasant) but Marah, (bitter), for\\nthe Almighty hath dealt very bitterly with me/\\nI went out full and the Lord hath brought me\\nhome again empty.\\nIt was at the beginning of the barley harvest\\nwhen they arrived at Bethlehem. This harvest\\noccurred about the middle of April, and after the\\nbarley was gathered, the wheat and some other\\ngrains were ready for the reapers, including the\\nmaster, his children, menservants and maidserv-\\nants, beside hired laborers. While engaged in", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0025.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "16 BIBLE CHARACTERS,\\ntheir tasks, they expressed their joy for the\\nharvest, by singing songs. The grain, after, being\\nreaped, was gathered into bundles to be removed\\nfrom the fields, but that which grew in the corners\\nof the field, was left for the poor, and if a bundle\\nwas accidentally dropped by the reapers, it was\\nleft for the same reason.\\nThere lived in Bethlehem a kinsman of Elime\\nlech, the husband of Naomi, a wealthy and hon-\\norable man, named Boaz (meaning strength,\\nfirmness) and the owner of extensive fields of\\ngrain. He employed a large number of reapers\\nover whom was placed one of the servants to\\nwatch and direct the others.\\nNaomi, not having ample means for her sup-\\nport, Ruth said to her, Let me go to the fields\\nand glean ears of corn, (that is barley), after\\nany reapers who will be favorable to me. Her\\nmother-in-law replied, Go, my daughter, show-\\ning the relation between them was tender. Ruth\\naccordingly went to a field that belonged to\\nBoaz, though she did not know who the owner\\nwas. She asked permission to glean and received\\na favorable answer, when she continued her\\nlabors from morning until evening, except at\\nshort intervals for meals.\\nWhen Boaz, on a certain day, came from the\\ncity of Bethlehem, to look after his reapers, he\\nsaluted them as was his custom, saying, The", "height": "4554", "width": "3271", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0028.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "A ROMANCE. 17\\nLord be with thee, to which they replied, The\\nLord bless thee. Seeing Ruth gleaning in the\\nfields, he inquired who the damsel was, and re-\\nceived the answer that she was the Moabitess\\nwho came with Naomi. Boaz was pleased with\\nthe young woman and addressing her as, my\\ndaughter, said, do not go to any other field,\\nbut remain near my maidens, and when you are\\nthirsty drink of the water my young men have\\ndrawn, and I have given them orders not to inter-\\nfere or offer you any insult. When Ruth heard\\nthese words of kindness she bowed low and said,\\nWhy have I found grace in thine eyes, seeing I\\nam a stranger and of a different nation, she\\nmight have added.\\nBoaz, it appears, had learned something of\\nRuth s history. He said, It has been explained\\nto me about j^our attachment to your mother-\\nin-law, and of your leaving your father, mother,\\nand native land, and coming to live with a people\\nwho are strangers to you. The Lord God of\\nIsrael reward thee. Ruth replied, Let me find\\nfavor in thy sight, for thou hast comforted me\\nby thy kind words, etc. Boaz told her to come\\nand take her meals with his reapers, when he\\ngave her parched corn, that is barley or wheat.\\nAfter she had gone to resume her gleanings, the\\nmaster gave orders to his reapers, to allow her to\\nglean among the sheaves, and to scatter some of", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0029.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "18 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthe grain for her to gather. She gleaned until\\nevening and beat out the grain comprising about\\nan ephah, which she carried to the city and gave\\nto her mother-in-law who inquired, Where hast\\nthou gleaned to-day Blessed be he that did\\ncare for thee. Kuth told her the man s name\\nwas Boaz. He is near kindred to us, replied\\nNaomi. He wished me to glean in his field\\nuntil the end of the harvest, said Kuth. Her\\nmother-in-law approved of this plan which was\\nfollowed.\\nThe epha or ephah referred to in this narrative,\\nwas a measure equal to about one and four-ninths\\nof an English bushel, and was used for both dry\\nand liquid substances. For the dry it contained\\nthree pecks and three pints for liquids, it was\\nequal to seven gallons and four pints.\\nNaomi arranged a plan for her daughter-in-\\nlaw s future career as follows. She said, Boaz\\nwinnows barley to-night in the threshing-floor.\\nNow take a bath with a fragrant ointment, then\\ndress in a neat attire and go to the threshing-\\nfloor, but do not make yourself known. After\\nthe master has feasted and lain down to rest,\\nnotice the place, then go and uncover his feet\\nand lie down, when he will tell you what to do.\\nRuth said she would follow her directions.\\nWhen Boaz had feasted and his heart was\\nmerry, as it is expressed, he lay down at the", "height": "4620", "width": "3238", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0030.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "A ROMANCE. 19\\nend of a heap of grain. Euth came softly, un-\\ncovered his feet and lay down. This was not per-\\nceived by Boaz who had, doubtless, become stupe-\\nfied from the effect of wine, but about midnight,\\nafter he had recovered his senses, he discovered\\nto his fear and amazement, a woman reposing at\\nhis feet. He demanded, Who art thou She\\nreplied, I am Ruth, thy kindred. Spread thy\\nskirt over me, for thou art a near kinsman. He\\nsaid, Blessed be thou of the Lord, my daughter,\\nfor thou hast shown more kindness even than\\nthou didst in the beginning, inasmuch as thou\\ndidst not follow young men whether poor or\\nrich. Now, my daughter, fear not. I will do all\\nthou requirest, for every one knows thou art a\\nvirtuous woman. It is true, I am thy kinsman,\\nstill there is another who is a nearer kindred\\nthan I am. To-morrow the question will be\\nsettled, which one shall perform the duty of a\\nkinsman. Lie down until morning.\\nEuth obeyed and waited until early in the\\nmorning before any one could be clearly seen, for\\nBoaz did not wish it to be known that a woman\\ncame into the floor. He said to Ruth, Bring\\nthe vail thou hast and hold it, when he gave her\\nsix measures of barley. Boaz then returned to\\nthe city, and Euth came to her mother-in-law\\nand related the adventures of the night. Naomi\\nsaid, Wait until it is known how the matter", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0031.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "20\\nBIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nwill end, for the man will not rest until it is\\nsettled.\\nEarly in the morning Boaz went to the gate of\\nthe city and sat down to wait for the kinsman re-\\nferred to, whose name is not mentioned. He,\\nhowever, soon appeared, to whom Boaz said,\\nHo stop and sit down, for I have a message\\nfor you. He obeyed the summons and sat down\\nto hear the news. Ten elders of the city had\\nbeen invited to be present as witnesses at the con-\\nference which was to settle the question. Boaz\\nthen addressed this kinsman of Naomi, saying,\\nThat she had returned from the country of\\nMoab and had sold a piece of land that had be-\\nlonged to our brother Elimelech. I- wish to say,\\nin the presence of these witnesses, buy the land if\\nthou wilt, but if thou wilt not redeem it, tell me,\\nand I will do so, but if you buy the real estate of\\nNaomi, you must accept in marriage Buth the\\nMoabitess, the young widow of Mahlon, the son\\nof Elimelech. The kinsman said, I cannot re-\\ndeem the land lest I injure my own inheritance,\\nand then, as was the custom in Israel in those\\ndays, he took off his shoe or sandal, and gave it\\nto his neighbor, and said to Boaz that he was at\\nliberty to purchase the estate, when the latter ad-\\ndressed the people assembled at the gate, saying,\\nYe are witnesses that I have purchased of\\nNaomi this day all that belonged to Elimelech", "height": "4416", "width": "3288", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0032.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "A ROMANCE. 21\\nand his sons, Mahlon and Chilion, and I have also\\npurchased Euth, the widow of Mahlon, for my\\nwife, that the name of the dead may be perpetu-\\nated, as ye are witnesses this day. The people\\nsaid, We are witnesses. The Lord make this\\nwoman like Eachel and Leah among the Israel-\\nites, and may you be famous in Bethlehem, and\\nmay your posterity, the descendants of Judah, be\\nprospered.\\nBoaz, who, it is presumed, had no family at\\nthis time, married Euth the Moabitess, who be-\\ncame the mother of Obed, the father of Jesse,\\nwhose son was David, king of Israel. When the\\nchild was born, Naomi s countrywomen congrat-\\nulated her, saying, Blessed be the Lord who has\\nnot left thee without a kinsman whose name may\\nbecome- famous in Israel. He will be unto thee\\na comforter in thine old age. Thy daughter-in-\\nlaw is better than seven sons. Naomi took the\\nbabe in her arms, and became its nurse.\\nThe exact period when the events of this inter-\\nesting story occurred is not positively known, but\\nit has been estimated at about 1250 b. c. Some\\nwriters have expressed the opinion that the de-\\nscent of the Messiah from a Gentile through the\\nline of David, is an intimation of the compre-\\nhensive nature of the Christian dispensation.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0033.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "From Captivity to a Throne.\\nCHAPTEK II.\\nAN ANCIENT PEOPLE.\\nPersia, called by the natives Iran, the original\\nhome of the Aryan race, is a country that has\\nsurvived great political changes and desolating\\nwars for more than 2,500 years, and still exists as\\none of the leading nations of Asia. Modern Persia\\nextends 900 miles from east to west, and 700 from\\nnorth to south, and has an area of about 648,000\\nsquare miles. It consists largely of an elevated\\ntable-land covered, in some places, with moun-\\ntains, and abounds with salt lakes, many of which\\nhave no visible outlets. The chief of these is\\nLake Urumiah, in the northern region. The\\nheat in autumn is excessive, but in summer the\\nclimate is more tolerable, while in winter and\\nspring it is delightful. The native settlers consist\\nchiefly of the Tajihs, descendants of the ancient\\nPersians, with an intermixture of foreign blood.\\nThe nomads or pastoral tribes comprise four dis-\\nss", "height": "4589", "width": "2998", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0034.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 23\\ntinct races, while a small number, perhaps 25,000,\\nare Christian and 15,000 are Jews. The entire\\npopulation numbers between 4,000,000 and 5,000,-\\n000. Silk is the staple production of the country,\\nand the government is a pure depotism, while\\nthe sovereign, styled Shah,- exercises absolute\\nauthority over the lives and affairs of his subjects\\nand the dominant religion is that of Mahomet.\\nElementary education is very generally diffused\\namong all classes, and there are a large number of\\ncolleges where students are instructed in the Mo-\\nhammedan religion, and in Persian and Arabic\\nliterature. Both the ancient and modern lan-\\nguages of Persia belong to the great class of\\nIndo- Germanic. The literary life of the Persians\\nbegan in the ninth century, a. d., and continued\\nto flourish for five centuries. During this period,\\nthere were numerous writers in various depart-\\nments of learning, including poets, the most dis-\\ntinguished of whom was Hafiz, styled the Sugar-\\nLip but after him, Persian poetry began to\\ndecline. The historians form an important class,\\nwhile there are only a few writers on science.\\nTheological works are mainly translations from\\nthe Koran.\\nThe architecture of this ancient country is of\\nconsiderable interest, on account of its resem-\\nblance to the Assyrian and Egyptian, the earliest\\narchitecture of which we have any positive", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0035.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "24 4 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nknowledge. The buildings of ancient Persia were\\nconstructed of material similar to that used by\\nthe Assyrians. The ruins of the splendid palaces\\nof Cyrus and Cambyses at Pasargardse still exist,\\nand Persepolis, the capital of Darius and Xerxes\\n(560-523 b. a), Susa, Ecbatana, and Teheran con-\\ntain ancient ruins.\\nThe halls of the buildings at Persepolis were\\nsquare with an equal number of pillars on every\\nside for the support of the roof which was flat.\\nIn the centre was an opening to admit light,\\nsheltered by another roof on pillars. The re-\\nmains of Persian and Assyrian palaces, may il-\\nlustrate the style of architecture employed in the\\nroyal buildings of David and Solomon.\\nThe scarcity of wood in oriental countries, had\\nan influence upon architecture, where bricks or\\nstone were used instead. The Saracenic style\\noriginated in the seventh century, a. d., and soon\\nextended from Persia to the ocean. The creed\\nof Mohammed forbade the use of painting and\\nsculpture, therefore there was a style of architec-\\nture developed peculiar to his system. The\\nhouses of the higher classes were usually built in\\na hollow square. The private apartments were\\non three sides, while the fourth was on the street,\\nwith a gate, and intended for the use of the serv-\\nants. The plan of having the front of the\\nhouse towards the street, would be an infringe-", "height": "4542", "width": "3081", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0036.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "FB03I CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 25\\nment on the privacy of oriental domestic life.\\nThe windows opened upon the interior court\\nwhich was adorned by plants and furnished with\\nfountains. Some houses had two or three courts,\\ncommunicating with one another. The house-\\ntops were an important feature, and were used\\nfor various purposes. Besides the windows open-\\ning upon the interior of the court, there were\\nalso those projecting from the building, and fre-\\nquently overhanging the street, while another\\npeculiarity of oriental architecture, was the\\nkiosk or open summerhouse, supported on pil-\\nlars.\\nThe better class of houses were built of stone\\ncomprising marble, and were profusely orna-\\nmented with rich velvet hangings of bright colors\\nsupported on hooks, and could be removed at\\npleasure. The upper part of the wall was\\nadorned with figures in stucco, with gold, silver,\\ngems, and ivory, hence the expression ivory\\nhouses, referred to in the Scriptures. In the\\ntime of the Prophet J.eremiah, these chambers\\nwere ceiled with costly and fragrant wood painted\\nin the richest colors. The Persians were ac-\\ncustomed to use marble very freely in their\\nbuildings, as the ruins of Persepolis prove. The\\nBook of Esther suggests the same idea. The\\nkitchen was always in the interior court, where\\nthe women-servants performed their labors, some-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0037.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "26 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ntimes assisted by the ladies of the family.\\nThese kitchens were not supplied with fireplaces,\\nbut the cooking was done by the use of charcoal\\nin braziers, though wood fires were sometimes\\nmade in the open court.\\nThere were, usually, no doors to the rooms of\\neastern dwellings, but the openings were closed by\\ncurtains, and the windows were latticed, as glass\\nwas not used, or they were closed by shutters\\nwith openings for light. When there was no up-\\nper story, the rooms were usually higher, in\\nmost oriental countries, but in Persia they are\\nopen from top to bottom.\\nThe ancient religion of the Persians originated\\nwith Zoroaster, the author of the Zend-Avesta,\\nand a reformer of the Magian system. The\\nwork ascribed to him contained his pretended\\nrevelations which the early Magians and later\\nParsees reverenced as Christians do the Sacred\\nScriptures. The Zend or Zend-Avesta teaches\\nthe doctrine of a Supreme Being, eternal and\\nself-existent, the Creator of all material things,\\nand of light and darkness, between which a con-\\nflict exists and will continue to exist until the\\nend of tl^e world. He taught that there will be\\na general judgment when a just retribution will be\\nadministered to every one according to his works,\\nand the angel of darkness with his followers\\nwill be consigned to everlasting punishment and", "height": "4527", "width": "3026", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0038.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 27\\nthe angel of light with his associates will be ad-\\nmitted to everlasting light and happiness.\\nIt is evident that these doctrines were copied,\\nwith some modifications, from the Sacred Scrip-\\ntures.\\nThe name Zoroaster signifies chief, senior, and\\nhigh priest, common designations for a spiritual\\nguide. He was a native of Bactria, a region in\\nthe vicinity of the Hindu- Kush mountains, but\\nthere is little authentic history of his life. The\\nZend was the language in which the sacred\\nbooks of Zoroaster were written. After the Ara-\\nbian conquest, in the seventh century, A. D., the\\nMohammedan faith became the state religion\\nand still maintains its supremacy, in Persia.\\nChristianity was early introduced into this coun-\\ntry, when terrible persecutions followed, begin-\\nning in 330 A. D., and in forty years, more than\\n16,000 suffered martyrdom.\\nMagi was a name given to the order of priests\\nand religious teachers among the Medes and\\nPersians, and was derived from a word signifying\\npriest. There is, however, proof that this class\\nexisted among other Eastern nations, especially\\nthe Chaldeans, but in classical literature, they\\nare almost exclusively connected with Persian\\nhistory. Herodotus represents them as constitut-\\ning one of the tribes among the Medes, and very\\ninfluential in the government of the Median Em-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0039.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "28\\nBIBLE CHARACTERS.\\npire. They became so powerful in Persia, that\\non the death of Cambyses, they attempted to\\noverthrow the Persian dynasty and appoint one\\nof their number, king. The defeat of this plot\\nby Darius was followed by a general massacre\\nof the Magi, but the fall of the Persian Empire\\nwas favorable to them and they appear in history\\nagain, during the later Roman Empire, and the\\ncommencement of the present era. It is said\\nthat Zoroaster taught his creed to the Magi\\nwhom he divided into three classes learners,\\nmasters, and perfect scholars. They alone could\\nteach the truths and perform the ceremonies of\\nreligion, foretell future events, interpret dreams\\nand omens, and ascertain the will of Ormuzd, by\\nacts of divination. Ormuzd was the good prin-\\nciple of the Magi whose symbol was light, and\\nwho was the author of all good. Their forms of\\nworship were strictly defined, and were handed\\ndown to the Magi by traditions. They appear\\nto have been the sole possessors of all the science\\nof their age, and to be instructed in their learn-\\ning was esteemed the highest privilege, and al-\\nlowed, with rare exceptions, to none except\\nprinces and the royal family. Their learning be-\\ncame celebrated at an early period in Greece,\\nand was the subject of speculation to the philoso-\\nphers, but the ignorant were imposed upon by\\ntheir tricks and high pretensions. Besides being", "height": "4642", "width": "3279", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0040.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 29\\npriests and men of learning, the Magi appear to\\nhave exercised judicial power.\\nThe early inhabitants of Persia comprised\\nnomadic tribes of the Indo-European stock who\\ncalled themselves by a name signifying noble or\\nhonorable, applied especially to the followers of\\nZoroaster. According to Herodotus, they were\\ndivided into three classes first, the nobles and\\nwarriors second, the agricultural and other set-\\ntlers third, the nomadic tribes.\\nThe Persians bore a close affinity to the Medes\\nand followed the same customs and religion,\\nthough their simple habits preserved them from\\nthe corrupt influences that caused the degeneracy\\nof the Medes, when they obtained the supremacy\\nunder Cyrus, the founder of the great Persian\\nEmpire, B. c. 559. But little is known of the\\nauthentic history of Persia before this date. The\\ncapital cities were Pasargardas and Persepolis.\\nThe most prominent rulers of ancient Persia\\nwere Cyrus the Great, Cambyses, Darius L,\\nXerxes I., Artaxerxes I. (Longimanus), Xerxes\\nII., Darias IL, Artaxerxes II. (Mnemon), Arta-\\nxerxes III., Darius III. (Codomannus), whose\\nsuccessive reigns extended from 559 to 331 B. c,\\nwhen the ancient kingdom of Persia closes. The\\nnatives date their independence from the over-\\nthrow of the Parthian Empire, after it had con-\\ntinued 476 years.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0041.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "30\\nBIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nArtaxerxes is the name of four Persian kings\\none of whom Artaxerxes Longimanus, who\\nreigned 465-425 B. a, is supposed by some\\nwriters, to have been the Ahasuerus of the Scrip-\\ntures who occupied the throne in the time of\\nEsther and Mordecai. Different reasons have\\nbeen given for his cognomen Longimanus\\nLonghanded. He was the son of Xerxes I. His\\nreign was disturbed by insurrections and wars\\nwith other nations, including the Greeks, in which\\nhe was defeated both on land and sea, and was\\nforced to conclude a peace favorable to his an-\\ntagonist.\\nArtaxerxes II., of Persia, received the surname\\nof Mnemon, on account of his remarkable mem-\\nory. He was the son of Darius II., and reigned\\n405-359 B. c. His kingdom was imperilled by a\\nrevolt of Gyrus his younger brother who was\\nkilled in a battle 401 B. c. Artaxerxes III., 359-\\n338 b. c, began his reign by the murder of all\\nthe members of his family to avoid any rivals,\\nbut he was poisoned and was succeeded by his son.\\nThe Ahasuerus of the Scriptures, the sovereign\\nwho ruled Persia in the time of Esther, has been\\nrepresented as different persons, but Josephus\\nand some other writers, believe he was identical\\nwith Artaxerxes Longimanus. Some historians\\nhave supposed his mother was a Jewess, a de-\\nscendant of Saul, king of Israel, and the favor", "height": "4825", "width": "3258", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0042.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 31\\nthis prince showed the Jews, confirms the opinion\\nthough there are no historical proofs of it.\\nEcbatana, a city of Media on Mount Orontes\\nand enclosed by seven walls, is said to contain\\nthe tombs of Mordecai and Esther, though it is\\nsupposed by some writers, that their graves were\\nin Hamadon. Artaxerxes Longimanus received\\nhis name on account of his long hands, and he was\\nreported to have b^en the handsomest man of his\\ntime. He was a conqueror, and subdued Meso-\\npotamia and Syria, captured Babylon and placed\\nCyrus on the throne.\\nAnother theory in regard to Ahasuerus is, that\\nhe was identical with Darius Hystaspis, and that\\nYashti, named Alossa was his wife, and that\\nEsther was called Artystana, but these views are\\nnot generally accepted. Haman, the prime minis-\\nter of Ahasuerus, is represented in the Book of Es-\\nther as belonging to the race of A gag a common\\nname for the princes of Amalek. Instigated by\\njealousy, he secured the king s decree for the exter-\\nmination of the Jews. It seems almost incredible\\nthat a sovereign, without any reasonable cause,\\nshould order the massacre of a large part of his\\nsubjects, comprising a whole nation, but such a\\nbrutal outrage has its parallel in later times, as\\nin the history of the Greeks, during a war be-\\ntween Turkey and Kussia in 1770, though the\\ndecree of Hassan Pasha was not executed.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0043.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "32 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nAhasuerus was a powerful and luxurious\\nprince whose dominions extended from India to\\nEthiopia, comprising 127 provinces. The winter\\nresidence of the king was Shush an or Susa,\\nwhich received its name, probably, from the\\nabundance of lilies it yielded. It was sheltered\\nfrom the northeast winds by a ridge of mountains,\\nbut in the summer the heat was so intense that\\nthe inhabitants were compelled to cover the flat\\ntops of their dwellings with earth. The city was\\nhighly embellished by Ahasuerus, and it was\\nhere the Prophet Daniel had his vision of the\\nram and goat. The Jews, in honor for the great\\nfavors shown their nation by this Persian king,\\nnamed the eastern gate of their temple Shushan,\\nand had a representation of the city carved on it.\\nSusa was conquered by Alexander the Great,\\nthough it still exists under the name of Valdek.\\nIt is said to contain the tomb of Daniel.\\nEcbatana was a city of Media and next to\\nNineveh and Babylon, was one of the strongest\\nand most beautiful cities of the East. After\\nMedia was united to Persia, it became the summer\\nresidence of the Persian kings. Here are sup-\\nposed to be the tombs of Mordecai and Esther,\\ncovered by a dome with inscriptions in Hebrew.\\nThis city was surrounded by seven walls of un-\\nequal height, and it still exists under the name of\\nHammedon.", "height": "4685", "width": "2994", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0044.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "V", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0045.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0046.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 33\\nThe Jews had been conquered by Nebuchad-\\nnezzar, their capital destroyed and the nation\\ntransported to Babylon as captives where they\\nremained until the conquest of the city by\\nthe Persians, when many of them were taken to\\nPersia where they were allowed greater liberties,\\nand some of them were promoted to official po-\\nsitions in the Empire. Among these captive\\nJews was Mordecai whose history is intimately\\nconnected with that of Esther, the heroine of the\\nstory. He was the son of Jair, of the tribe of\\nBenjamin, and cousin to Hadassa, the Jewish\\nname of Esther, whose parents died when she\\nwas a child. Mordecai adopted the young\\norphan as his own daughter and performed the\\nduties of a parent. She was a beautiful and an\\nattractive child, qualities that had a powerful in-\\nfluence in her future career. Her protector,\\nundoubtedly, carefully trained her in the re-\\nligion of her nation which, at a heathen court,\\nshe never forgot or neglected, it is presumed.", "height": "4683", "width": "2995", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0047.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEE III.\\nROYAL FESTIVALS.\\nAhasuerus, the king of Persia, after reigning\\ntwo years, entertained his subjects by sumptuous\\nfestivals. The first banquet was given to the\\nprinces, nobles, the rulers of the 127 provinces of\\nhis empire, and the court officials, at his winter\\npalace in Shushan, and continued six months,\\nwhen the glory, magnificence and power of the\\nsovereign were witnessed by his admiring guests.\\nAfter the festival of the princes, nobles and court\\nofficers ended, the king gave a feast to the com-\\nmon people in the court of the garden of his\\npalace at Susa, which continued seven days, and\\nwas attended by all the magnificence displayed at\\nthe festival of the princes and nobles.\\nThe court with its tessellated pavement of red,\\nwhite, blue and black marbles, its pillars of\\nmarble with green, blue, and white tapestries\\nfastened with cords of linen to silver rings, gold\\nand silver couches, gold drinking vessels all dif-\\nferent from one another, exhibited the splendor\\nand magnificence of the Persian court. The\\nfreedom of the guests, each one being allowed to\\n34", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0048.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 35\\ndo as lie pleased, enhanced the pleasure of the\\nfeast. These enjoyments were not confined to\\nthe men alone, for Vashti the queen, made a feast\\nfor the women of the palace. Some of the\\nprinces were present at the feast given to the\\ncommon people.\\nThe king, under the influence of wine, probably,\\nattempted to infringe upon an established custom,\\nby commanding the queen to appear at the feast\\nfor the men, wearing the royal crewn. He sent\\nhis chamberlains to conduct her to his presence,\\nthat the princes and people might admire her\\nbeauty. Vashti refused to go and become the\\nobject of wonder to the intoxicated courtiers.\\nThe king was exceedingly angry that the queen\\nshould presume to disobey his orders. What\\nought to be done about it, since the queen s re-\\nfusal was publicly known?\\nAhasuerus had, for his advisers, seven princes of\\nPersia and Media, who understood the laws and\\njudged cases, and who were next to the king in\\npower, and were his counsellors. He asked them\\nwhat punishment ought to be administered to the\\ndisobedient queen, according to the laws.\\nMemucan, one of the princes, replied, The\\nqueen had not only done wrong to the king, but\\nalso to the princes and all the people in the\\nprovinces of Ahasuerus for, when it is fully un-\\nderstood that his authority in his household has", "height": "4683", "width": "3000", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0049.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "36 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nbeen set aside, all the women in his dominions\\nwill despise their husbands, and there will be\\nserious trouble. If agreeable to the king, let him\\nissue a royal decree and have it written among\\nthe laws of the Medes and Persians which cannot\\nbe changed, that Vashti be divorced, and another\\nwife superior to her, be chosen queen. Then\\nafter the decree is known throughout the king s\\ndominions, all wives will honor their husbands,\\nfrom the highest to the lowest ranks.\\nThe advice of Memucan pleased his Majesty,\\nwho sent letters into all the provinces, written in\\nthe different languages used by the people, that\\nevery man should rule his own house, a right\\nusually claimed in all countries and in all ages.\\nNot until the queen was legally divorced was the\\nwrath of the king appeased, but it is probable that\\nafter the effects of his dissipation had passed\\naway, he thought of his beautiful queen with re-\\ngret, and blamed his counsellors for the rash step\\nhe had taken, therefore his servants, to calm his\\nfeelings and make him forget his domestic trouble,\\nadvised him to choose another queen to take the\\nplace of Vashti. They recommended that a num-\\nber of beautiful young maidens be selected from\\nthe women of his kingdom by officers in all the\\nprovinces of the empire, and conducted to Shushan,\\nto be placed in the palace for the women, under\\nthe custody of Hege, the king s chamberlain and", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0050.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 37\\noverseer of the females, and that such articles be\\ngiven them as were needed in their preparations\\nfor royal honors, such as oil of myrrh, sweet odors\\nand other articles. Each maiden went in the\\nevening to the royal palace and returned to the\\nhouse of the women, under the care of the king s\\nchamberlain, but did not go again unless called\\nby name.\\nWhen Esther, the Jewish maiden, was called\\nto go to the king, she followed the directions of\\nHege, and when Ahasuerus saw the beautiful\\ngirl, he was fascinated, and without inquiring\\nabout her nationality, he chose her to succeed\\nVashti, and placed the royal crown upon her\\nhead. He then gave a feast to his princes and\\nservants and conferred special favors and gifts\\nupon his guests. Following the advice of Mor-\\ndecai, Esther had not revealed her nationality.\\nThis friend of the young girl was her cousin, but\\nadopted the orphan child as his own. He was\\ntaken a captive to Babylon, probably when young,\\nand after the overthrow of the city by the Per-\\nsians he went to Shushan, and in the first year\\nof Cyrus, it is supposed he returned to Jerusalem\\nwith other Jewish captives, and then went back\\nto Persia, and became the adviser of his relative\\nafter her promotion to the Persian throne. By\\nrefusing to pay homage to Haman, the king s\\nprime minister, Mordecai incurred the enmity of", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0051.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "38 BIBLE CRABACTEBS.\\nthat official and imperilled the lives of all the\\nJews throughout the empire.\\nThe question is suggested, Why did Mordecai\\nrefuse to respect the king s prime minister It\\nhas been thought that the reverence given to\\nHaman was similar to divine homage, such as\\nwas sometimes addressed to Persian monarchs,\\nwhich would be regarded by the Jews idolatrous.\\nAfter the promotion of Esther, her adopted\\nfather was accustomed to w^alk before the court\\nof the women s house to gain some intelligence\\nfrom the queen. To inquire what occurs in the\\nharem of an Eastern monarch is considered a\\ncrime, and one might pass by the court of the\\nwomen s palace day after day without gaining\\nany intelligence about what takes place within,\\nand from what Mordecai told Esther in regard to\\nthe massacre of the Jews, namely, Think not\\nthat thou shalt escape in the king s house more\\nthan all the Jews, it is presumed that crimes\\nwere sometimes committed there. It was certain\\nthat Haman would cause the death of the queen,\\nbeing a Jewess, even in the harem.\\nWhile Mordecai was sitting one day in the\\nking s gateway, an event occurred that had an\\ninfluence upon his subsequent career. This was\\nthe discovery of a plot, by two of the king s\\nchamberlains, namely, Teresh the porter, and Big-\\nthana, to assassinate Ahasuerus. How the con-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0052.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 39\\nspiracy was discovered is not related, but Morde-\\ncai informed Esther of the contemplated crime,\\nand she told the king. The intended assassins\\nwere arrested, found guilty and hanged, and a\\nreport of the affair was registered in the Book of\\nthe Chronicles belonging to the king.\\nAfter the discovery of the plot and the punish-\\nment of the criminals, the king promoted Hainan\\nto the highest office in the government next to\\nthe sovereign himself, and commanded all his\\nsubjects to pay him homage but Mordecai re-\\nfused to comply with the royal edict, therefore\\nthe people at the gate inquired why he did not\\nobey the king s command. This question they\\nrepeated daily, but as Mordecai continued to\\nmaintain his position, they informed Haman,\\nwhen his anger was aroused, and he resolved to\\nhave his revenge. Scorning the idea of securing\\nthe punishment of only one of the Jews whom he\\nhated, he would, if possible, destroy the whole\\nrace scattered throughout the kingdom of Ahas-\\nuerus. This was in the twelfth year of his reign.\\nThe day for the massacre was to be decided by\\ncasting lots, which they continued to do day by\\nday, and month by month, for a year, before the\\nquestion was decided. This was probably due to\\nthe superstition in ancient times that some days\\nwere more favorable than others for the success\\nof any undertaking, therefore Haman tried by", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0053.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "40 BIBLE CHABACTJEBS.\\ndivination to ascertain the time most favorable\\nfor the accomplishment of his fearful tragedy.\\nThis was providential, since it gave Mordecai and\\nEsther an opportunity to defeat the conspiracy.\\nHainan s argument before the king for the\\nexecution of his criminal purpose was, in sub-\\nstance, as follows There is a certain people\\nthroughout the province of thy kingdom, whose\\nlaws are different from those of the king, and\\nwho do not obey your Majesty s commands, hence\\nit is not for the king s advantage to allow them\\nto exist therefore, if it pleases the king,, let\\nthere be a decree issued for their destruction.\\nTen thousand talents of silver were to be paid\\nby Haman, into the royal treasur}^, for the exe-\\ncution of the decree. Ahasuerus took off his\\nring and gave it to Haman, as a pledge that his\\nrequest should be granted. The king told him\\nthat the silver and the persons for executing the\\norder, were given to him to do as he wished.\\nThe king s scribes were called to prepare the\\nwritten proclamation according to Hainan s re-\\nquest, addressed to all the lieutenants, gover-\\nnors of the provinces, and rulers of the nations\\nin their own language, and in the name of King\\nAhasuerus, and sealed with his ring. The letters\\nwere sent by posts into all the provinces, to de-\\nstroy all the Jews, young and old, women and\\nlittle children, on the thirteenth day of the", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0054.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 41\\ntwelfth month Aclar and to take the spoils.\\nThe copy of the writing was published, that the\\npeople might be ready on that day to execute\\nthe royal command. The decree was given at\\nShushan and the posts were hastened to circu-\\nlate it.\\nThe king and Hainan were so well pleased\\nwith their deed, that they indulged in a feast of\\nwine, but the city of Shushan was much per-\\nplexed at the royal decree. There were, prob-\\nably, some Persians who deplored the cruel\\norder, regarding it as impolitic without refer-\\nence to race prejudices. They, perhaps, feared\\nit might cause a general revolt throughout the\\nvast empire, while there may have been others\\nwho were pleased, on account of jealousy, that\\nthe hated race was to be exterminated.\\nWhen Mordecai heard of the king s decree, he\\nwas greatly distressed, and clothed himself with\\nsackcloth, used with ashes, emblems of deep\\nmourning, and went through the streets of the\\ncity weeping and uttering loud lamentations.\\nHe came to the king s gate in that condition,\\nbut no one was allowed to enter clothed in sack-\\ncloth. There were great mourning, fasting, and\\nweeping among the Jews, in every province\\nwhere the royal command was known, and\\nmany of the doomed people lay in sackcloth\\nand ashes day and night.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0055.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "42 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nEsther s maids and chamberlains came and\\ntold her of the king s decree, which had been\\nkept secret from her. She was exceedingly\\ngrieved, but she did not wish to have Mordecai\\nclothed in sackcloth, therefore she sent him rai-\\nment to wear instead, but he would not. make\\nthe change. Then she sent Hatach, one of the\\nking s chamberlains who had been appointed to\\nattend the queen, to inquire what was the cause\\nof his grief.\\nWhen Hatach, the queen s attendant, came to\\nMordecai in the street leading to the king s gate,\\nhe was informed of the particulars of the royal\\ndecree, and the sum of money Haman had paid\\ninto the king s treasury- for the destruction of the\\nJews, and he gave the queen s chamberlain a\\ncopy of the writing for their massacre, and told\\nhim to urge Esther to go to the king and make\\nsupplication for her people.\\nHatach delivered the message, when she sent\\nher servant again to Mordecai, to remind him\\nthat it was a law throughout the Persian Empire,\\nthat whoever, man or woman, ventured to come\\ninto the royal presence without being called,\\nshould be put to death, unless the king held out\\nthe golden sceptre as a sign that he was par-\\ndoned for the offence, and, said Esther, I\\nhave not been called to appear at court, for\\nthirty days. Mordecai returned answer that she", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0056.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 43\\nmust not expect to escape more than other Jews,\\nand if she kept silence, deliverance would come\\nto them from other sources, while thou and thy\\nfather s house will perish. He then adds, Who\\nknoweth but thou art come to the kingdom for\\nsuch a time as this\\nWhen Esther heard the message of Mordecai,\\nshe said, Tell him to call together all the Jews\\nat Shushan and fast for me three days and nights\\nand I and my maidens will also fast then I will\\ngo to the king, though it is not according to\\nlaw, and if I perish, I perish. After three days\\nof fasting, Esther put on her royal robes, and\\ngoing to the palace, she took a position in the\\ncourt, while the king was sitting upon his throne.\\nShe had taken her life in her hands for the pur-\\npose of pleading for her doomed countrymen.\\nHer loveliness excited the interest and sympathy\\nof Ahasuerus, who immediately held out the\\ngolden sceptre when she drew near and touched\\nthe royal emblem. What is thy request, Queen\\nEsther? It shall be granted thee to the half of\\nmy kingdom. She replied, If it please thee,\\ncome with Haman to a banquet which I have\\nprepared for you.\\nHaman was very proud of the honor paid him,\\nas a guest of the queen in company with the\\nking but when he saw Mordecai at the king s\\ngate who did not bow down to pay him homage,", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0057.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "44 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nhe was exceedingly angry, and returning to his\\nhome, he called for his friends and Zeresh, his\\nwife, and told them of his glory, and wealth, and\\nthat the king had promoted him above all the\\nprinces and servants of his kingdom. Moreover,\\nthe queen had invited him only, with the king to\\na banquet, and that he was to attend a similar\\nfeast on the morrow. Yet all these honors,\\nhe said, have no interest to me as long as I\\nsee Mordecai the Jew, sitting at the king s\\ngate.\\nHis wife and friends advised him to erect a\\ngallows fifty cubits high perhaps seventy-five\\nfeet and then obtain permission from the king\\nto have Mordecai hanged on it. This being done\\nthou canst go and enjoy the banquet. The\\nproposition pleased Haman, and he immediately\\nordered the gallows to be erected. During the\\nfollowing night, the king could not sleep. Per-\\nhaps he was conscious of having acted rashly in\\nthe matter of the Jews, and to divert his mind,\\nhe commanded his chamberlains to bring the book\\ncontaining the court records, and read them. In\\nthese writings was the account of the plot of\\nBigthana and Teresh to assassinate the king, dis-\\ncovered by Mordecai. He inquired what honor\\nhad been rendered to this Jew for saving the\\nking s life. The servants replied that nothing\\nhad been done.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0058.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 45\\nJust at this moment Haman came to the out-\\nside court of the palace, to ask that Mordecai\\nmight be hanged on the gallows just erected.\\nThe king inquired who was in the court, and was\\ntold it was Haman. Let him come in, said\\nhe. After Haman entered the palace, Ahasuerus\\nsaid, What shall be done for the man whom the\\nking delighteth to honor Haman thought\\nwhom should he delight to honor more than\\nhimself. He advised his Majesty to have such an\\none arrayed in royal apparel and, wearing the\\nroyal crown, let him be placed on the horse used\\nby his sovereign, and appoint one of the most\\nnoble princes to conduct him through the streets\\nof the city and proclaim, Thus shall be done to\\nthe man whom the king delighteth to honor.\\nAfter Haman had given his advice, the king\\nsaid, Make haste and do for Mordecai who sits\\nat the king s gate, what you have recommended.\\nThough occupying the highest rank at court,\\nHaman would not venture to disobey the king s\\norders. After he had done this, Mordecai went\\nto his place at the gate, and Haman returned to\\nhis house mourning and with his head covered, as\\na sign of his grief and humiliation. He told his\\nfriends what had befallen him, when Zeresh his\\nwife said, If thou hast begun to fall, thou wilt\\ncontinue to do so. While they were discussing\\nthe question, the king s chamberlains came in", "height": "4683", "width": "2980", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0059.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "46 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nhaste to conduct Haman to the queen s banquet\\na second time, when the king asked Esther the\\nsame question as on a previous occasion.\\nThe queen said, If I have found favor in thy\\nsight, O king, and if it pleases thee, let my life\\nbe given me and that of my people, for we are\\nsold, I and my people to be slain. If we had\\nonly been sold as slaves, I could have kept silence,\\nthough the enemy could not do the king a per-\\nmanent injury. Who and where is he that\\ndurst presume in his heart to do this replied\\nthe king. Esther said, The adversary is this\\nwicked Haman. This declaration made the\\nguilty prime minister afraid, while the king was\\nvery angry, and leaving the banquet, he went\\ninto the garden. Haman in the meantime plead\\nwith the queen for his life, and in his distress he\\nhad fallen on the bed on which Esther had re-\\nclined. At this moment the king returned and\\nfound him in this position when he said, Will\\nhe force the queen before me in the house\\nThe servant covered the face of Haman, and one\\nof the king s chamberlains named Harbonah,\\nsaid, The gallows fifty cubits high which Haman\\nmade for Mordecai is. in his house. The royal\\norder was given to hang Haman on it, when the\\nking s wrath was appeased. He delivered the\\nfamily of Haman to the queen to dispose of them\\nas she wished. She revealed her nationality to", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0060.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 47\\nthe king, when he took the ring given to Hainan\\nand presented it to Mordecai and the queen ap-\\npointed him over the house of Haraan.\\nTHE FEAST OF PURIM.\\nEsther made another petition to the king,\\nprostrating herself at his feet, and beseeching\\nhim with tears to counteract the fearful doom\\nHainan had planned for the destruction of her\\nnation. Her request was briefly as follows, If\\nit pleases the king, and if I have found favor in\\nhis sight, let there be a royal decree to reverse\\nthe one issued for the destruction of the Jews in\\nthe king s provinces, for how can I endure to see\\nthe extermination of my kindred Ahasuerus\\nsaid to the queen and to Mordecai, I have given\\nto Esther the family of Haman and him they\\nhave hanged upon the gallows. Write to the\\nJews in the king s name, and seal it with his ring\\nthat no one may erase it. The king s scribes\\nwere summoned, and in the third month called\\nSivan, corresponding to June, and on the second\\nday, the document was written according to the\\ndirection of Mordecai, addressed to the Jews,\\nlieutenants, deputies, and rulers of the provinces,\\nextending from India to Ethiopia, including 127,\\nin different languages, in the name of Ahasuerus\\nand sealed with his ring. The decree was that\\nthe Jews in every city were allowed to assemble", "height": "4683", "width": "2989", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0061.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "48 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nand defend their lives, and if they were assaulted\\nby their enemies, they were permitted to destroy\\nthem, including women and children, and take\\nthe spoils.\\nA copy of this writing was published in all\\nthe provinces, when Mordecai and the queen con-\\nfirmed the decree, and sent letters of congratula-\\ntions to all the Jews, on their escape from an im-\\nminent danger. This decree was given at the\\npalace in Shushan, and the couriers or posts as\\nthey were called, on mules, camels, and other\\nanimals, were hastened on their mission, by the\\nking s orders.\\nAfter this decree was issued, Mordecai, arrayed\\nin garments of blue, white, and purple linen, and\\nwearing a crown of gold, left the royal palace\\namidst the rejoicing citizens of Shushan. When\\nthe time for the execution of the king s command\\ndrew near, which was on the same day of the\\nmonth the edict of Haman was to have been\\nexecuted, the Jews assembled in the cities\\nthroughout the provinces, prepared to resist\\nthose who attempted their destruction. All the\\nrulers, lieutenants, deputies, and officers of the\\nking, assisted the Jews so that they smote 500\\nin Shushan. When the king was informed of\\nthe affair, he said to the queen, What have they\\ndone in the rest of the king s provinces Now\\nwhat is thy petition and what is thy request", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0066.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 49\\nShe replied, If it please the king, let Haman s\\nten sons be hanged on a gallows, and he com-\\nmanded it to be done.\\nBesides the number killed at Shushan, 75,000\\nwere slain in the provinces, but the victors took\\nno spoils. After this fearful slaughter, the Jews\\nobserved the fourteenth day of the month Adar\\nor March, as one of feasting and gladness, and\\nsent presents to one another, and Mordecai de-\\nspatched messages to all the Jews to establish\\nthe observance as a national festival and call it\\nthe Feast of Purim. The name is a Persian\\nword signifying lot because Haraan settled by\\nlot the day on which the Jews were to be mas-\\nsacred. The days of the festival, including the\\nfourteenth and fifteenth of the month, were spent\\nin making social visits and sending food to the\\npoor, and congratulations to friends.\\nThe story of Hadassah or Esther is one of the\\nmost remarkable nd romantic of all the women\\nof sacred history, it has been said, and her\\nachievements are, perhaps, without a parallel, as\\nshe was the means of saving her nation from\\nutter destruction. She was the daughter of\\nAbihail, a Jew, and was a native of Shushan,\\nprobably where her life was passed. She was\\nleft an orphan at a very early age in a heathen\\nland, but providentially, was adopted by one of\\nher own countrymen, who trained her in the re-", "height": "4683", "width": "2982", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0067.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "50 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nligion of her ancestors, and became her adviser\\nduring her remarkable career.\\nEsther was distinguished for her personal at-\\ntractions, a circumstance that had a controlling\\ninfluence on her future life, and united her for-\\ntune with that of the most powerful sovereign of\\nhis times, an oriental potentate whom she swayed\\nby her firm will. From a captive slave to a\\nqueen, from an orphan of despised Jewish exiles to\\nthe wife of an absolute oriental monarch, are\\nstriking contrasts in the history of this remarka-\\nble woman. She had been educated by her\\ncousin who adopted her, for the Jews were not\\nallowed to neglect the education of their chil-\\ndren, and her history proves she had been trained\\nin the elementary branches of knowledge, at\\nleast.\\nEsther s zeal and devotion to her countrymen\\nled her to propose a measure that might be ques-\\ntioned in regard to its humanity. This was for\\nthe execution of the ten sons of Hainan. Prob-\\nably some of them were old enough to take a\\npart in the barbarous scheme of their father,\\nbut it could hardly be possible that all his sons\\nwere and some of them may have been young\\nchildren. The only justification for the queen s\\ndemand is, that they might have become dan-\\ngerous in exciting future conspiracies.\\nThe character of Ahasuerus presents a combi-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0068.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "FROM CAPTIVITY TO A THRONE. 51\\nnation of conflicting elements, as strength and\\nweakness, pride and humility, nobility and mean-\\nness, cruelty and kindness, oppression and jus-\\ntice. His treatment of Yashti and his decree for\\nthe destruction of the Jews illustrate his rash-\\nness, and cruelty, while the honor he paid to\\nMordecai, exhibits his justice, and his yielding to\\nthe request of Esther, proves his susceptibility to\\nfemale charms.", "height": "4683", "width": "2982", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0069.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "The Translated Saint.\\nCHAPTEE IV.\\niskael s geeatest prophet.\\nAhab, king of Israel, whose reign of twenty-\\ntwo years, from 918 to 897, B. c, surpassed, ac-\\ncording to the sacred historian, all the other kings\\nof that nation, in wickedness. He was encour-\\naged and assisted in his evil course by his wife\\nJezebel, the daughter of the heathen king of\\nZidon, who introduced into Samaria the public\\nworship of Baal, Ashtoreth and other Phoenician\\ndeities, with all their abominations. She main-\\ntained at her own table, 400 prophets of the\\ngoddess Astarte, while Ahab, her husband, en-\\ntertained 400 of Baal s prophets in like manner.\\nThis fearful corruption of morals and predomi-\\nnance of- idolatry, proves the degeneracy of the\\npeople of Israel, and their bold defiance of the\\nlaws and worship of Jehovah, yet it is said there\\nwere 700 who had never bowed the knee to Baal,\\nand among the faithful, was the prophet Elijah\\n52", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0070.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "THE TRANSLATED SAINT 53\\nwhose remarkable boldness in rebuking the\\nidolaters, endangered his own life.\\nThe name Elijah means u Jehovah is my God.\\nIn the ISTew Testament, it is written Elias, the\\nGreek form of expression. His native place was\\nTishbe a town in Galilee, in the mountainous and\\nfertile region east of the Jordan, but nothing is\\nrevealed of his early life, or of his family. He\\nappeared as a supernatural messenger from an-\\nother world, suddenly descending to declare the\\ncommands of God, and awe the proud king and\\nnation, by the menace of fearful judgments.\\nElijah was one of the most remarkable of all\\nthe ancient prophets. His character, it has been\\nsaid, exhibits a moral grandeur heightened by\\nthe obscurity of his birth and early life. He was\\ndistinguished for boldness in reproof, ardent zeal\\nfor the honor of God, and indifference to ease\\nand personal suffering. He was admitted to\\ngreat intimacy with the Lord, and was endowed\\nwith the power of performing wonderful miracles.\\nIt has been said, that He stood up as fire, and\\nhis words burned as a lamp. He is considered\\nan impressive type of John the Baptist. The\\nprophet Malachi said, Behold, I will send you\\nElijah the prophet, before the coming of the\\ngreat and dreadful day of the Lord, and the\\nSaviour declared that Elijah had come in spirit\\nat least in the person of John. This remarkable", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0071.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "54 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nprophet, appeared with Moses at the transfigura-\\ntion of Christ, and talked with Him about His\\nfuture sufferings on the cross. It has been stated\\nthat each three great dispensations of religion,\\nhad a translated representative namely, the\\nPatriarchal in the person of Enoch the Jewish\\nin the person of Elijah and the Christian in\\nthe person of Christ.\\nElijah is first introduced to the Bible student,\\nas addressing Ahab king of Israel, saying, that\\naccording to the word of the Lord, there would\\nbe neither rain nor dew these years. In the\\nNew Testament the time is specified as two\\nyears and six months, consequently, all vegeta-\\ntion would suffer from the prolonged drought.\\nThe prophet received a Divine command to con-\\nceal himself by the brook Cherith, on the eastern\\nside of the Jordan, probably to escape the wrath\\nof Jezebel, where he would be fed by ravens\\nwith bread and flesh morning and evening.\\nAfter awhile the brook dried up, when he was\\ndirected to go to Zarephath, in Zidon, where a\\nwidow would afford him a shelter. This was a city\\nof the Sidonians situated on the coast of the Medi-\\nterranean, between Tyre and Sidon, in Phoenicia,\\nand at a later period was called Sarepta. This\\nwas in a heathen country, yet the prophet was\\nentertained with hospitality.\\nWhen Elijah came to the gate of the city, a", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0072.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "THE TRANSLATED SAINT. 55\\nwoman was there gathering sticks, when he said\\nto her, Fetch me, I pray thee, a little water\\nthat I may drink. Perhaps he had been without\\ndrink during his journey from the brook Cherith.\\nAs she started to get the water, he said, Bring\\nme, I pray thee, a morsel of bread. She replied,\\nAs the Lord thy God liveth, I have only a hand-\\nful of meal in a barrel, and a little oil in a cruse\\n(or bottle) and I am gathering two sticks that I\\nmay cook it for myself and son, and then we must*\\ndie. Elijah said, Fear not, go and do as thou\\nhast said, but make me a little cake first, and\\nthen one for thyself and son, for thus saith the\\nLord, The barrel of meal shall not waste, nor\\nthe cruse of oil fail, before the Lord will send\\nrain upon the earth. The widow obeyed the\\nprophet, whose prediction was fulfilled.\\nAfter a time, the son of this woman was taken\\nsick and died, when his mother said to Elijah,\\nWhat have I to do with thee, O man of God\\nArt thou come to call my sin to remembrance,\\nand slay my son Whether this woman hau\\ncommitted any special sin that called for venge-\\nance, or whether she referred to her sins in general,\\nis only conjectured. Elijah said to her, Give me\\nthy son, when he took the child from his mother s\\narms, and carried him to the upper chamber\\nwhere the prophet lodged perhaps it was on the\\nflat roof often used for such purposes. He then", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0073.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "56 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nplaced the lifeless boy on his own bed and prayed\\nto the Lord, saying, Hast thou, O Lord, my God,\\nbrought evil upon this widow, with whom I so-\\njourn, by slaying her son He then stretched\\nhimself upon the child three times and said, O\\nLord my God, I pray Thee, let this child s soul\\ncome into him again. His prayer was answered,\\nand the boy was restored to life, when Elijah car-\\nried him to his mother, saying, See, thy son\\n*liveth. She replied, Now I know that thou art\\na man of God, and the word of the Lord which\\nthou speakest is truth.\\nDuring the third year of the drought, Elijah re-\\nceived a Divine command to go to Ahab and tell\\nhim, that I will send rain upon the earth.\\nThe want of it had caused a famine in Samaria,\\nand there was a great need of food for domestic\\nanimals. The king said to Obadiah, the super-\\nintendent of the royal household, Let us go\\nthrough the land and see if there may not be\\ngrass near the brooks and fountains, that we may\\nsave the mules and horses from dying of hunger\\nand thirst. We will divide the land between\\nus so they parted company, Ahab going in\\none direction and his superintendent in another.\\nObadiah was a sincere worshipper of the Lord,\\nand when Jezebel ordered the prophets of God\\nto be slain, he concealed 100 of them in two\\ncaves, fifty in each, and nourished them with", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0074.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "THE TRANSLATED SAINT. 57\\nbread and water. As he was on his way in\\nsearch of food for the animals, he met Elijah,\\nand, falling on his face, said, Art thou my lord\\nElijah He replied, I am. Go and tell\\nAhab, that Elijah is here. Obadiah said,\\nWhat have I done that I should be slain by\\nthe king? There is no nation or kingdom to\\nwhich he has not sent to seek thee, and when the\\npeople said He is not here, the king required\\nan oath of them that they had not seen thee.\\nNow, if I say that Elijah is here, the Spirit of\\nthe Lord will lead thee whither I know not, and\\nAhab will slay me. I have feared the Lord\\nfrom my youth. Have you not heard what I\\ndid when Jezebel slew the prophets of the Lord,\\nhow I hid 100 of them in caves and fed them\\nElijah said, As the Lord of hosts liveth, before\\nwhom I stand, I will go to Ahab to-day. Oba-\\ndiah departed and told the king who went to\\nmeet the prophet, and said, Art thou he that\\ntroubleth Israel The reply was, I have not\\ntroubled Israel, but thou and thy father s house\\nhave forsaken the Lord and followed Baalim.\\nThe prophet told Ahab to gather all the peo-\\nple of Israel to Mount Carmel, with the prophets\\nof Baal numbering 450, and the prophets of the\\ngroves or Asteroth 400, all of whom were nour-\\nished at Queen Jezebel s table. This was to test\\nthe religion of Baal and that of the God of", "height": "4683", "width": "3002", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0075.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "58 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nElijah, who, on this occasion, was the only repre-\\nsentative of Jehovah.\\nWhen Elijah appeared before the people, he\\nsaid, How long halt ye between two opinions\\nIf the Lord be God, follow Him, but if Baal, (be\\nGod,) then follow him. Baal was, perhaps, more\\ngenerally known than any other heathen divinity.\\nHis worship prevailed in nearly all the countries\\nof antiquity. It is supposed he represented the\\nsun and his name is associated with that of\\nAstarte the goddess representing the moon.\\nAltars were erected to Baal in groves, on high\\nplaces, and even on terraces of houses. It has\\nbeen supposed that Baal was identical with vari-\\nous divinities. Human sacrifices were offered to\\nhim, and his temples and altars were generally\\non high places.\\nThe scene as represented at Mount Carmel.\\nBetween 800 and 900 prophets of Baal and other\\npagan divinities richly clad and well-fed, proud\\nand confident of their power and influence. Op-\\nposed to this host of heathen prophets, was only\\none persecuted, hunted, and obscure prophet, so\\ndestitute that he was fed by ravens, to vindicate\\nhis cause, the worship of the true and only God.\\nWhen he said, How long halt ye between two\\nopinions, the people made no reply. He then\\nsaid, I only remain a prophet of the Lord, but\\nBaal s prophets number 450.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0076.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "THE TRANSLATED SAINT. 59\\nElijah then proposed the test to prove whose\\nGod was the true one. Two bullocks were to be\\nkilled, their bodies cut in pieces and placed on an\\naltar, one for Baal and the other for the Lord,\\nbut no fire was to be applied. The prophets of\\nBaal were to call upon their gods, while he\\nwould call upon the name of the Lord, and the\\none that answered by fire, was to be God. The\\npeople said, that was well-spoken. Baal s\\nprophets killed their offering and placed it upon\\nthe altar as requested, and called upon Baal from\\nmorning until evening, saying, O Baal, hear\\nus, but no answer came, and in their vehemence,\\nthey leaped upon the altar, and cut themselves\\nwith knives and lancets until the blood flowed\\nfrom their wounds. When they had continued\\ntheir petitions until noon, Elijah, who was a wit-\\nness of the scene, said ironically, Cry aloud, for\\nhe is a god. He may be musing, or pursuing a\\njourney, or perhaps he is asleep and must be\\nawaked. These exciting scenes continued until\\nthe time for evening sacrifice, when Elijah said\\nto the people come near me. Then he repaired\\nthe broken altar of the Lord, with twelve stones\\nto represent the twelve tribes of Israel, and made\\na trench or ditch about it, laid the wood in\\norder, killed the bullock and put the pieces of\\nthe animal on the wood. He then ordered four\\nbarrels of water to be poured on the altar, and", "height": "4683", "width": "2992", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0077.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "60 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthis was repeated three times, when the water\\nfilled the trenches. This was to prove that no\\nnatural fire had been applied.\\nThe prophet of the Lord then offered a prayer to\\nGod that It might be known that Thou art God\\nin Israel, and I am Thy servant and have done\\nthese things at Thy word, etc. At the close of\\nhis prayer a fire burst forth and consumed the\\nsacrifice, the wood, and even the stones and dust\\nand dried up the water in the ditch. When the\\npeople saw the wonderful miracle, they fell on their\\nfaces to the earth and exclaimed, The Lord, He\\nis God. Elijah gave a command to take the\\nprophets of Baal, and not let one of them escape.\\nThis was done and they were brought to the\\nbrook Kishon and slain. The execution of the\\nfalse prophets may seem cruel and unjustifiable,\\nbut it was, undoubtedly, a necessity to prevent\\nthe people from following their abominable prac-\\ntices. It is not likely that Elijah himself slew\\nthem, but it was done by his command, and may\\nhave been by Divine revelation. Jezebel had put\\nto death the prophets of the Lord, and the death\\nof those of Baal may have been in retaliation.\\nThey had forfeited their lives by their falsehoods,\\ncrimes and corrupt morals.\\nMount Carmel, the scene of the tragedy, was\\non the coast of the Mediterranean, north of the\\nplain of Sharon, and was about 2,000 feet in", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0078.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "THE TRANSLATED SAINT, 61\\nheight, with steep and rugged sides, and a level\\ntop. It was the residence of the prophets Elijah\\nand Elisha. The brook Kishon, issuing from\\nMount Tabor, flowed at the foot of this mountain\\nin its passage to the sea. Mount Tabor has been\\nused as a figure of speech by the prophets Amos\\nand Isaiah. There is a cave in it where, accord-\\ning to tradition, the prophet Elijah lived.\\nAfter the death of the prophets, Elijah said to\\nAhab, Arise, eat and drink, for there is a sound\\nof abundance of rain, and the king, who had\\nbeen greatly troubled by the prolonged drought,\\ncomplied with the Prophet s advice.\\nElijah, with his servant, went to the top of\\nMount Carmel and sat down upon the ground\\nwith bis face between his knees. This is the first\\nmention of a servant previously the prophet is\\nrepresented as being alone. While in this posi-\\ntion, he told his servant to go and look towards\\nthe sea. He went as directed and reported there\\nwas nothing unusual. Go seven times, his\\nmaster said, and the seventh time he saw a small\\ncloud of the size of a man s hand. Go and tell\\nAhab to make ready his chariot before the rain\\nstops him. The king obeyed the. warning and\\ndrove to Jezreel, while Elijah ran before him,\\nperhaps as the king s herald.\\nWhen Ahab reached his home, he told Jezebel\\nwhat Elijah had done, and that he had slain all", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0079.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "62 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthe prophets with the sword. The queen then\\nsent a messenger to Elijah, saying, Let the gods\\ndo so and more to me, if I make not thy life as\\none of them to-morrow. When the prophet re-\\nceived the queen s message, he immediately fled\\nfor his life, with his servant, and came to Beer-\\nsheba, in the dominions of Judah, where he left\\nhis servant, while he went alone a day s journey\\ninto the wilderness, and there sat down under a\\njuniper- tree, and said,\\nO Lord, take my life, for I am not better\\nthan my fathers.\\nAfter he fell asleep, an angel awoke him and\\nsaid, Arise and eat. When the prophet looked\\nabout him, he saw a cake which had been cooked\\non the coals, and a cup of water at his head.\\nAfter partaking of the cake and water, he lay\\ndown again, but how long he remained in that\\nattitude is not known. The angel of the Lord\\ncame a second time and, touching the sleeper,\\nsaid, Arise and eat, for the journey is too great\\nfor thee, meaning, doubtless, that he needed re-\\nfreshments to give him strength to pursue it.\\nElijah obeyed the angel, and on the strength of\\nthat food he travelled forty days, until he came\\nto Mount Horeb, near Mount Sinai, celebrated in\\nthe history of his nation, as the scene of remark-\\nable events.\\nElijah entered a cave and lodged there, expect-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0080.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "THE TRANSLATED SAINT. 63\\ning, perhaps, to spend the rest of his days in this\\nseclusion, but this was not the Divine purpose.\\nThe Lord said to him, What doest thou here,\\nElijah? His answer was, I have been very\\njealous for the Lord God of hosts. The people\\nof Israel have forsaken Thy covenant, thrown\\ndown Thine altars, and slain Thy prophets with\\nthe sword, and I only am left, and they seek nry\\nlife. The Lord told him to go and stand upon\\nthe mountain meaning Horeb. The prophet\\nobeyed, when there followed remarkable phe-\\nnomena. First, a powerful hurricane which rent\\nthe mountains and broke the rocks in pieces.\\nThis terrible tornado was followed by an earth-\\nquake, and then by a fire, but no communication\\nwas received by the prophet during these won-\\nderful miracles. At last there was heard a low,\\ncalm voice, when Elijah covered his face with his\\nmantle and leaving the cave, stood at the en-\\ntrance, when the Voice said, What doest thou\\nhere, Elijah He made the same answer as\\nbefore, when he was directed to return to the\\nwilderness of Damascus and anoint Hazael king\\nof Syria, Jehu king of Israel, and Elisha to be\\na prophet in his own place for, said the Lord,\\nHim that escapes the sword of Hazael shall\\nJehu slay and him that escapes the sword of\\nJehu, shall Elisha slay. There are left 7,000 in\\nIsrael that have not bowed to Baal.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0081.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "64 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nThe prophet obeyed the command and found\\nElisha ploughing with twelve yokes of oxen.\\nWhen he cast his mantle over him, Elisha left the\\noxen and ran after Elijah, saying, Let me, I\\npray thee, kiss my father and mother, and then I\\nwill follow thee. Elijah replied, Go back, what\\nhave I done to thee Elisha returned and slew\\na yoke of oxen, with which he fed the people,\\nthen followed the prophet and ministered to him.\\nThe history of this eminent prophet is more or\\nless blended with that of the rulers of his day,\\nAhab and Jezebel, king and queen of Israel, and\\nis recorded in the lives of those sovereigns.\\nThe time had arrived when this remarkable\\nprophet was to be taken to heaven without suf-\\nfering a natural death, the inevitable destiny of\\nnearly all human beings. It is stated in the\\nScriptures, that he was translated in a whirlwind.\\nElijah was, undoubtedly, informed of his exit\\nfrom earth by Divine revelation, and also of the\\ntime and place of the remarkable event. Ac-\\ncompanied by Elisha who may have been in-\\nformed of what was to happen, as well as other\\nprophets of the Lord, they came to Gilgal, when\\nElijah told his companion to remain there, for\\nthe Lord had sent him to Bethel, but Elisha re\\nfused, saying, As the Lord liveth and as thy\\nsoul liveth, I will not leave thee, therefore they\\nboth went to Bethel. The sons of the prophets", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0082.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "Elijah in the Wilderness.", "height": "4683", "width": "3005", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0083.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0084.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "THE TRANSLATED SAINT. 65\\nat this place, where there was a school for them,\\nsaid to Elisha, Do you not know the Lord will\\ntake away thy master to-day Yes, I know\\nit. Be silent. Perhaps he did not wish to be\\nreminded of his loss. Elisha was requested to\\nremain at Bethel while his companion should go\\nto Jericho as the Lord commanded, but he re-\\nfused to do so and they both came to Jericho,\\nwhen the prophets of that city told Elisha that\\nhe would lose his master. Elijah requested his\\ncompanion to remain here, for, said he, The\\nLord hath sent me to Jordan, but Elisha de-\\ncidedly refused.\\nFifty of the sons of the prophets stood afar off\\nto witness the scene that was to follow. When\\nthe two came to the river, Elijah took his mantle\\nand folding it, smote the waters when they were\\ndivided, and they w^ent to the other side on dry\\nground. After they had passed over, Elijah said,\\nWhat shall I do for thee before I am taken\\naway Elisha answered, Let a double por-\\ntion of thy spirit, I pray thee, be upon me.\\nThou hast asked a hard thing, but if thou seest\\nme when I am taken, it shall be so, but if not, it\\nshall not be thus.\\nAs they went on conversing by the way, they\\nwere separated by a chariot and horses of fire,\\nand Elijah ascended by a whirlwind into heaven,\\nhis mantle falling to the earth. When Elisha saw", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0085.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "66 BIBLE CHARACTERS\\nthe wonderful scene, he exclaimed, My father,\\nthe chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof\\nand rent his clothes as an expression of grief at\\nhis loss. He took up the mantle of Elijah, and\\nreturned to the Jordan whose waters had resumed\\ntheir natural course after the miracle performed\\nby the ascended prophet. Standing on its banks,\\nElisha took the wonderful mantle and smote the\\nwaters, saying, Where is the Lord God of\\nElijah when the waters parted and he crossed\\nto the western side.\\nWhen the sons of the prophets at Jericho saw\\nElisha, thejr said, The spirit of Elijah doth rest\\non him, and went to meet him and bowed to the\\nearth as an act of reverence. They said, We\\nhave fifty strong men with us, let them go and\\nseek for thy master, lest the Spirit of the Lord\\nhath taken him up and cast him upon some\\nmountain or into some valley. Elisha said,\\nYe shall not send them, but they urged him to\\ngrant their request when he said go. After\\nsearching three days without success, they re-\\nturned to Elisha at Jericho, who said to them,\\nDid I not say to you, Do not go", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0086.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "The Faithful Friend.\\nCHAPTER V.\\nTHE FARMER PROPHET.\\nIt has been seen in the life of Elijah that his\\ndevoted friend Elisha was called to the prophetic\\noffice while pursuing his occupation as a farmer.\\nHe was the son of Shaphat and a native of Abel-\\nmeholah, the scene of Gideon s victory over the\\nMidianites. The name Elisha signifies, God\\nmy Salvation. The earlier events of his life are\\nrecorded in the biography of The Translated\\nSaint.\\nAfter the unsuccessful search for Elijah, the\\npeople of Jericho said to Elisha, This city is\\npleasantly situated, as my lord seeth, but the\\nwater is impure and the soil is unfruitful. The\\nprophet told them to bring him a cruse or bottle\\nwith salt in it, when he went to the spring of\\nwater and threw the salt into it, declaring,\\nThus saith the Lord, I have healed these\\nwaters and thence there shall be no more de^ith\\n67", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0087.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "68 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nin them or barrenness of the soil. His predic-\\ntion was fulfilled.\\nAfter this miracle, Elisha left Jericho and came\\nto Bethel, but during his journey a sad and fear-\\nful event occurred. As he was ascending the\\nhill, little children came from the city. and in-\\nsulted the prophet of whom they had heard\\nprobably from their parents who might have\\nbeen idolaters. They said, Go up, thou bald\\nhead, repeating the insult. The prophet turned\\nand severely denounced their wicked conduct,\\nwhen two bears came from the forest and killed\\nforty-two children. Their irreverence proves the\\ncriminal neglect of their parents and the irre-\\nligious character of the inhabitants of Bethel\\nwho paid no respect to the aged prophet of the\\nLord. Elisha resumed his journey and came to\\nMount Carmel, then went to Samaria.\\nA war occurred between the Moabites and the\\nconfederate armies of Israel, Judah, and the\\nEdomites. The allied armies were obliged to\\nmarch through a region destitute of water, and\\nconsequently were greatly distressed, when Je-\\nhoshaphat, king of Judah, inquired of Joram, king\\nof Israel, Is there not -a prophet of the Lord,\\nthat we may inquire of Him One of t\\\\\\\\e serv-\\nants of the king of Israel said, Here is Elisha,\\nson of Shaphat who served Elijah. The king of\\nJudah said, The word of the Lord is with him.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0088.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "THE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 6\u00c2\u00abJ\\nWhen the three kings appeared before Elisha,\\nhe said to the king of Israel, What have I to\\ndo with thee Go to the prophets of thy father\\nand mother. No, replied Joram, for the\\nLord called together these three kings to deliver\\nthem to Moab. The prophet said, Were it\\nnot for Jehoshaphat I would not pay any regard\\nto your question. Bring me a minstrel. When\\nthe musician played, the Lord delivered to Elisha\\nthe following message, Make this valley full of\\nditches. Though there will be neither wind nor\\nrain, yet the valley shall be filled with water,\\nboth for yourselves and your animals. Moreover,\\nyou will gain a victory over the Moabites, cap-\\nture their cities, even those defended by walls,\\nfell all the trees, fill all the wells that no water\\ncan be obtained from them, and cover the fertile\\nvalley with stones, thus making them unfit for\\ncultivation.\\nThe next morning, after the usual offering, an\\nabundance of water flowed from Edom and\\nfilled all the springs and streams which had be-\\ncome dry. An account of this remarkable inci-\\ndent and the result of the war, is related in the\\nnarrative of The Kings of Israel. After this\\nincident, the wife of a prophet s son, came to\\nElisha stating her grievances as follows My\\nhusband, who feared the Lord, as thou knowest,\\nis dead, and his creditors demand my two sons", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0089.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "70 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nfor bondsmen. Elisha said, What can I do\\nfor thee What have you in your house She\\nreplied, Nothing except a pot of oil. Go\\nand borrow all the vessels you can from your\\nneighbors, and be sure you get a large number,\\nthen you and your sons with closed doors, pour\\nthe oil you have into these vessels. She fol-\\nlowed the prophet s advice and when one vessel\\nwas filled she said, Bring me another, until all\\nwere filled, wiien she went and told the prophet,\\nwho said, Go and sell the oil, and pay thy\\ndebts, while you and your sons can use the re-\\nmainder.\\nElisha in his travels, came to Shunem, a city\\nsouth of Mount Tabor, celebrated in Jewish his-\\ntory, where there lived a hospitable woman, w r ho\\ninvited the prophet to come to her house for rest\\nand entertainment at her table. She said to her\\nhusband, This is a man of God who often\\npasses this way let us give him the little cham-\\nber on the wall, furnished with a bed, table,\\nstool, and candlestick. This arrangement hav-\\ning been made, Elisha said to Gehazi his servant,\\nCall the Shunammite woman. When she came,\\nhe said, You have very kindly cared for us, now\\nwhat can be done for you Would you like to have\\nyour hospitality made known to the king or the\\ncaptain of the army She replied, I dwell\\namong my own people. She may have intended", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0090.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "THE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 11\\nby this answer, that she did not desire promotion\\nor remuneration even at the royal court. What\\nthen can be done for her Gehazi said, She\\nhas no child. When Elisha ordered her to be\\nrecalled, and said, About this season, thou wilt\\nbecome the mother of a son. He probably\\nmeant the next year. No, my lord, do not de-\\nceive me. The prediction of the prophet was\\nfulfilled, and when the child, on a certain day,\\nwent to the field where his father was superin-\\ntending the reapers, and exclaimed, My head,\\nmy head, as if suffering very severely, his\\nfather told one of the servants to carry him to\\nhis mother who held the child until noon when\\nhe died. She then laid him on Elisha s bed,\\nclosed the door and left him.\\nGoing to her husband, she requested him to\\nsend one of the young men and one of the asses\\nto go with her to the man of God, but she did\\nnot make known the death of their son. He\\nsaid, Why do you go to-day It is neither the\\nnew moon nor the Sabbath. She replied, It\\nis well. After preparing for the journey, she\\nsaid to her servant, Drive in haste, and do not\\nslacken your pace unless I bid thee. At length\\nshe came to the prophet at Mount Carmel, and\\nwhen Elisha saw her at a distance, he said to\\nGehazi, There i^ the Shunammite, run to meet\\nher and inquire, Is it well with thee, with thy", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0091.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "72 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nhusband, and with the child She replied, It\\nis well. When she came to Elisha, she caught\\nhim by the feet, and when his servant tried to\\nremove her, he said, Let her alone, for her soul\\nis troubled, and I do not understand the cause.\\nThe woman said, Did I ask for a son Did I\\nnot say, deceive me not? The prophet then\\nunderstood that the child was dead, and told\\nGehazi to get ready, take his staff, (that is the\\nprophet s), and go to the Shunammite s home, but\\ndo not stop to salute any one by the way, and\\non arriving there lay the staff upon the face of\\nhis son. When the woman heard his directions,\\nshe said, No, as the Lord liveth and as thy soul\\nliveth, I will not leave thee, therefore Elisha\\nfollowed Gehazi who went in advance, and laid\\nthe staff upon the child, but there was no sign of\\nlife, and the servant returned to the prophet and\\ntold him that the child had not awaked.\\nWhen Elisha came to the house of the Shunam-\\nmite, he found her lifeless son on his own bed,\\nwhen entering the chamber and closing the door,\\nhe offered a prayer to God, then extending him-\\nself upon the corpse, the child s flesh became\\nwarm, when the prophet left him for a while,\\nthen returned and performed the same cere-\\nmony, when the child sneezed seven times and\\nopened his eyes. Elisha called his mother, and\\nwhen she entered the room he told her to take", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0092.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "THE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 73\\nher son who had been restored to life. She fell\\nat the prophet s feet as an expression of her rev-\\nerence and gratitude, and taking her son, with-\\ndrew.\\nNaaman was the commander-in-chief of the\\narmy of Ben-hadad, king of Syria, and had won\\nthe esteem of his sovereign by his honorable\\ncharacter and his valiant achievements as a sol-\\ndier, but with all these advantages, he suffered\\nwith the terrible disease of leprosy for which it\\nwas supposed there was no natural remedy.\\nThe Syrians were in the habit of making pred-\\natory excursions to the Kingdom of Israel on\\ntheir southern borders and in one of these raids,\\nthey captured among other prisoners a little girl\\nand carried her to Syria where she became a\\nservant to Naaman s wife. The little captive re-\\nspected her Syrian master, and said to her mis-\\ntress, I wish my lord could see the prophet that\\nis in Samaria, (meaning Elisha) for he would\\ncure him of his leprosy. She had heard of his\\nmiracles and it is possible, may have witnessed\\nsome of them. Some one who heard her remark,\\ntold Naaman, and when the king of Syria heard\\nthe report he told his officer to go to Samaria,\\nand he would send a letter to the king of Israel\\nwhich was in substance as follows When you\\nreceive this letter, understand that I have sent\\nNaaman my servant to thee, that you may cure", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0093.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "74 BIBLE CHARACTERS,\\nhim of his leprosy. The king of Syria sent by\\nhis general, ten talents of silver, 6,000 pieces of\\ngold, and ten changes of raiment as a present\\nto Joram, king of Israel. When the letter to\\nthe king of Israel was read to him, he rent his\\ngarments saying, Am I a god to kill and make\\nalive, that the king of Syria should send to me\\nto cure a man of his leprosy See how he seek-\\neth a quarrel with me.\\nWhen Elisha heard that the king of Israel had\\nrent his garments, as a sign of his fear and per-\\nplexity, he sent to know the cause and when in-\\nformed he said, Let Naaman come to me and\\nhe shall know there is a prophet in Israel.\\nTherefore the Syrian general with his chariot\\nand horses, accompanied by his attendants, came\\nin great pomp to the house of Elisha, who did\\nnot go out to see the king of Syria s commander-\\nin-chief, but sent a messenger to tell him, Go\\nwash in the Jordan seven times, and thou shalt\\nbe cured. Naaman s pride was wounded, and\\nhe said, I thought the prophet would come out\\nto me, and calling upon the name of the Lord his\\nGod, would place his hands on me and cure the\\ndisease. Are not Abana and Pharpar, rivers of\\nDamascus better than all the waters of Israel\\nMay I not wash in them and be cured? The\\nproud Syrian then went away very angry, when\\none of his servants said to him, My father, if", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0094.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "THE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 75\\nthe prophet had told thee to do some great deed,\\nwould you not have done it How much better\\nthen for thee to wash and be clean. The ar-\\ngument of the servant prevailed, and when his\\nmaster washed in the Jordan as the prophet di-\\nrected, he was perfectly cured of his fearful dis-\\nease. A change had occurred in the opinion of\\nNaaman, and he, with his escort, returned to\\nElisha, saying, Now I know that there is no\\nGod in all the earth, except in Israel, therefore I\\npray thee receive a gift from thy servant.\\nElisha replied, As the Lord liveth before whom\\nI stand, I will receive none. IsTaaman said,\\nMay there not be given thy servant, earth suf-\\nficient for two mules burden, for thy servant\\nhenceforth will not offer either burnt-offering or\\nsacrifice unto other gods, but only unto the Lord.\\nThere is one favor I desire that is when I go into\\nthe house of Kimmon with my royal master lean-\\ning upon my hand, as is the custom, and when I\\nbow down, that I may be pardoned for the act.\\nElisha said, Go in peace. Kimmon was an\\nidol worshipped at Damascus, where he had a\\ntemple. It has .been supposed by some writers\\nthat this god represented the sun, and by others\\nthe planet Saturn. In regard to Naaman s going\\nto the temple of Bimmon, it has been thought it\\nreferred to his practice before his miraculous cure\\nfor which he asked forgiveness.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0095.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "76 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nNaaman had gone only a short distance, be-\\nfore he saw Gehazi, the servant of Elisha follow-\\ning him, when he descended from his chariot and\\ngoing to meet him, inquired, Is all well\\nThe reply was, All is well. My master has\\nsent me to you with the message. There came\\ntwo young men, sons of the prophets from Mount\\nEphraim, saying, Give me, I pray you, a talent\\nof silver arid two changes of raiment. Naaihan\\ndirected his servants to put two talents in a bag,\\nthen place ten changes of garments in another\\nbag, and give them to some of the other servants\\nwho carried them to the tower, and Gehazi re-\\nmoved them to the house of the prophet. When\\nthe servants of JSTaaman departed, Gehazi re-\\nturned to his master who said to him, Whence\\ncomest thou, Gehazi The answer was, Thy\\nservant did not go anywhere. Elisha said,\\nDid I not know that the Syrian left his chariot\\nto meet thee Is it a time to receive money,\\ngarments, and other gifts The leprosy of\\nNaaman shall cleave to thee and thy descend-\\nants forever. Gehazi left the presence of his\\nmaster a leper, white as snow.\\nThe sons of the prophets said to Elisha, The\\nplace where we dwell with thee is too small. Let\\nus go to the Jordan, and each one cut a piece of\\ntimber to construct a more convenient dwelling.\\nThe prophet gave them permission, when they", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0096.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "THE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 77\\nrequested him to accompany them, to which he\\nconsented. When they came to the river, they\\nfelled some of the trees growing on the banks,\\nbut one of the party, as he was at work, lost his\\naxe in the stream, when he exclaimed, Alas\\nmaster, it was borrowed. The young man was\\ndistressed about the loss of the axe, for he had\\nno means, probably, for replacing it.\\nElisha inquired where it fell, and when told he\\ncut a stick and cast it into the water and, won-\\nderful to see, the axe arose to the surface, and\\nfloated. Take it up, said the prophet, and\\nreturn it to the owner.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0097.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEE VI.\\nTHE FAEMER PROPHET CONCLUDED.\\nThere was another war with Syria, when\\nJoram, king of Israel, held a council with his\\nofficials and appointed the places for their en-\\ncampments, when Elisha sent to the king telling\\nhim to beware and not pass a certain place, and\\nwhen a courier was sent to examine the place\\ndesignated, he learned its dangers. The warning\\nwas timely and, perhaps, saved the Israelites\\nfrom defeat. This stratagem was repeated sev-\\neral times, which greatly perplexed the king of\\nSyria, who suspected there was a traitor in his\\narmy. He inquired, Will not some one show\\nme who is for the king of Israel One of his\\nservants said, None, my lord, O king, but Elisha,\\nthe prophet of Israel, informs the king of Israel\\nof the words thou speakest in thy bedchamber.\\nThe king said, Go and bring him to me.\\nThe messengers sent on this errand were told\\nthat the prophet was in Dothan, when the Syrian\\nking sent a large force with horses and chariots\\nby night that encamped about the city. When\\nElisha s servant had risen early the next morning,\\n78", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0098.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "THE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 79\\nand saw the powerful army of their foes, he said,\\nAlas, my master, what shall we do? He re-\\nplied, Fear not, for they that are with us are\\nmore than they that are with them.\\nElisha then offered the petition, Lord, open\\ntheir eyes that they may see. This was an-\\nswered when they saw the mountains covered\\nwith horses and chariots of fire about Elisha, who\\nsaid, Smite them with blindness, Lord. Prob-\\nably he meant the messengers sent to arrest the\\nprophet and the advance guard of the king of\\nSyria. When they had lost their sight, Elisha\\nsaid, This is not the way to the city. I will\\nbring you to the man you seek. He then con-\\nducted them to Samaria and when they came to\\nthe city, he said, Lord, open the eyes of these\\nmen. The king of Israel inquired whether he\\nshould smite them, when the reply of Elisha was,\\nNo. Would you smite those taken captive\\nSet bread and water before them that they may\\neat and return to their master. The king of\\nIsrael prepared a great feast for them and then sent\\nthem to their own country, and the Syrians made\\nno attack upon the Israelites at that time.\\nBen-hadad, king of Syria, did not, however,\\nabandon his hostile intentions against Joram,\\nking of Israel, therefore calling his forces to-\\ngether, he marched south and besieged Samaria.\\nThe Israelites were not prepared for a siege, as", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0099.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "80 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthere was a want of provisions and the small\\nquantity of food they had was sold at an enor-\\nmous price. As the king was passing on the wall\\nof the city, perhaps to inspect the enemy s camp,\\na woman cried, Help, my lord, O king. He\\nreplied, If the Lord doth not help thee, whence\\nshall I help thee\\nThe statement of the woman was fearful. One\\nof her acquaintances said to her, Give thy son\\nthat we may eat him to-day, and we will, eat my\\nson to-morrow, but she refused to surrender her\\nson after partaking of the first mother s child.\\nWhen the king heard this fearful story, he rent\\nhis clothes and put on sackcloth as an indication\\nof his fear and abhorrence. He thought that\\nElisha was the cause of their national troubles, and\\nresolved that he should be slain. The prophet\\nwas in his house with the elders w r hen the king\\nsent a messenger to execute his wicked purpose,\\nbut before the king s officer arrived, Elisha said\\nto his companions, See how the son of a mur-\\nderer has sent to take away my head. When the\\nmessenger comes, shut the door, for the sound of\\nhis master s feet is behind him. While he was\\ntalking, the officer arrived, when Elisha said,\\nAccording to the word of the Lord, to-morrow\\nabout this time, a measure of fine flour shall be\\nsold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for\\na shekel, in the gate of Samaria. A lord, on", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0100.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "TEE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 81\\nwhose hand the king was accustomed to lean,\\nanswered, If the Lord would make windows in\\nheaven, this thing might be. The prophet said,\\nThou shalt see it with thine eyes, but thou shalt\\nnot eat of it. For some reason, the assassin sent\\nto take the life of the prophet, did not accomplish\\nhis purpose.\\nFour lepers were sitting at the gate of the city\\nwhen they said to one another, Why do we sit\\nhere and die If we enter the city the famine\\nis there, and we must perish. Now let us go\\nover to the Syrians, and if they spare us we shall\\nlive, and if they kill us, we can only die. They\\ndecided to go to the camp of the Syrians, when\\nthey found it deserted there was not a man to\\nbe seen. The enemy had imagined they heard\\nthe noise of horses and chariots and a great army,\\nand supposing the king of Israel had engaged the\\nHittites and the Egyptians to fight for him, they\\nfled in a panic leaving their camp with their\\ntents, horses, and all their equipments.\\nWhen the lepers came to the deserted camp,\\nthey found plenty of food, silver, gold, and\\nraiment. After securing these treasures, they\\nsaid, We ought to carry the good tidings to the\\nking of Israel s servants immediately, for if we\\nwait until morning something may prevent our\\ndoing so. Let us go directly and inform the\\nking s household. They came and told the", "height": "4666", "width": "2987", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0101.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "82 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nporters of the city what they had seen, and the\\nnews was communicated to the king who arose\\nin the night and told his servants that they\\nprobably knew they had no provisions, therefore\\nthey have left their camp and have concealed\\nthemselves, saying to one another, When the\\nIsraelites leave the city, we shall take them alive\\nand enter. One of the king s servants said,\\nLet us take two horses with their drivers, and\\nfollow the retreating army of the Syrians.\\nThis was done as far as the Jordan, when they\\nfound garments and vessels strewn along the\\nway, which the retreating army had left in their\\nhaste to escape.\\nWhen the scout returned and informed the\\nking of Israel about the hasty escape of the\\nSyrians, the people went and destroyed the\\nenemy s tents, when a measure of fine flour was\\nsold for a shekel, and two measures of barley for\\na shekel, according to the prediction of Elisha.\\nThe value of the shekel, and the size of the\\nmeasure varied a*t different times, but in this con-\\nnection it is presumed the money value was small\\nand the measure considerable. The king ap\\npointed the lord who sneered at the prediction of\\nthe prophet, to guard the gate of the city when\\nthere was so great a crowd of excited people,\\nthat they crushed him under their feet, and he\\ndied, thus fulfilling the prediction of the prophet.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0102.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "THE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 83\\nElisha told the Shunammite whose son had been\\nrestored to life, that there would be a famine for\\nseven years, and advised her to go with all her\\nfamily to some other country. She followed his\\nadvice, and went to the land of the Philistines,\\nwhere she remained during the seven years of\\nfamine. At the close of this period, she returned\\nto her own country, but her house and land had\\nbeen occupied by others.\\nOn one occasion, while meeting with the serv-\\nant of Elisha, the king of Israel said to him,\\nTell me all the wonderful things he has done.\\nWhile the servant was relating the story of the\\nShunammite, she with her son came and appealed\\nto the king for the restoration of their rights.\\nThe servant said, My lord, O king, this is the\\nwoman, and this is her son whom the prophet\\nrestored to life. When he inquired of the woman\\nherself, and after listening to her narrative, he\\nappointed an officer to see that all her possessions\\nwere restored, and the value of the productions\\nof her land during her absence.\\nElisha went to Damascus, and when Bed-\\nhadad, king of Syria, who was sick, was informed\\nthat the Man of God had come to the city, he\\ntold Hazael, one of his officers, to take a present\\nand go to him and inquire whether he would re-\\ncover from his disease. Hazael collected valuable\\npresents requiring forty camels to carry them,", "height": "4670", "width": "3003", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0103.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "84 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nand coming to the prophet said, Thy son Ben-\\nhadad, king of Syria., has sent me to inquire\\nwhether he would recover from his illness.\\nElisha said, Go and tell him he may recover,\\nbut the Lord hath shown me that he will surely\\ndie. The prophet then wept and when Hazael\\ninquired the cause of his grief, the answer was,\\nBecause I know the evil thou wilt do to the\\npeople of Israel. You will burn their strong-\\nholds, slay the young men with the sword, and\\ncruelly kill the women and children. Hazael re-\\nplied, Is thy servant a dog that he should do\\nthese evils Whether he was deceiving by the\\nquestion or was deceived is not certain. Elisha\\nsaid, The Lord hath shown me that thou wilt\\nbe king of Syria. This announcement may\\nhave incited him to commit the crimes of which\\nhe was guilty. When he returned to his royal\\nmaster the latter inquired what Elisha told him.\\nHe said thou certainly wilt recover. The\\ntreacherous officer of Ben-hadad, the next day,\\ntook a cloth, dipped it in water and suffocated\\nthe king by covering his face with it. Perhaps\\nhis master was too weak to offer any resistance,\\nor he may not have suspected the object of his\\nmurderer. After this tragedy, the assassin seized\\nthe reins of government, and subsequently in-\\nflicted upon the Israelites all the cruelties Elisha\\nhad foretold.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0104.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "THE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 85\\nElisha called one of the sons of the prophets\\nand gave him the following order, Get ready\\nfor a journey, take this box of oil, go to Kamoth-\\nGilead, seek for Jehu and say to him, Come\\nwith me to an inner chamber, then pour the oil\\non his head and say, The Lord hath anointed\\nthee king of Israel. After this cferemony, flee\\nand do not tarry. The young prophet went to\\nRamoth-Gilead, as commanded, and found the\\nofficers of the army sitting together, when he\\nsaid, I have an errand to thee, O captain.\\nJehu inquired, Which one of us The an-\\nswer was, To thee, O captain, when Jehu\\nand the prophet went into the house, the\\ncaptain was anointed king of Israel, and re-\\nceived the command to smite the house of\\nAhab and avenge the blood of those destroyed\\nby Jezebel. When Jehu returned to his com-\\npany, he was asked if all was well, and why the\\nmad fellow 7 meaning the young prophet came\\nto him. Jehu informed them he had been\\nanointed king of Israel, when they hastily removed\\ntheir mantles, and spread them on the top of the\\nstairs, blew their trumpets and shouted, Jehu\\nis king. He rode in a chariot to Jezreel where\\nJoram or Jehoram king of Israel was suffering\\nfrom wounds received in a w^ar with Hazael, king\\nof Syria. There was a watchman on the tower\\nat Jezreel who saw at a distance, Jehu and his", "height": "4677", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0105.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "86 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ncompany, and informed the king, who ordered\\nhim to send a horseman to meet him and inquire,\\nIs it peace When the messenger came to\\nhim, he said, The king wishes to know if it is\\npeace. Jehu said, What hast thou to do with\\npeace? Follow me. The watchman reported\\nthat the messenger came to Jehu, but did not re-\\nturn.\\nThe king gave orders for his chariots, when\\nJoram, king of Israel, and Ahaziah, king of\\nJudah, each in his chariot, went in pursuit of\\nJehu and came up with him in the grounds of\\nNaboth, the Jezreelite, when Joram inquired,\\nIs it peace The answer was, What peace\\nso long as the sins of thy mother Jezebel are\\nso many? Joram turned and fled saying to\\nAhaziah, There is treachery, when Jehu drew\\nhis bow and smote the king of Israel, and he\\nsank down in his chariot, when orders were\\ngiven to remove his body to the field of Naboth\\nthe Jezreelite.\\nWhen Ahaziah saw what had happened to\\nJoram, he fled, pursued by Jehu, who told his fol-\\nlowers to smite him. He escaped to Megidclo\\nand died there of his wounds, when his servants\\ncarried his remains to Jerusalem and buried\\nthem in the sepulchre of his fathers. When Jehu\\ncame to Jezreel, he caused the death of the mother\\nof Joram, the wicked queen Jezebel,", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0106.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "THE FAITHFUL FRIEND. 87\\nJehu s zeal led him to commit fearful cruelties\\namong the families of Joram and Ahaziah. He\\nordered seventy of Ahab s children to be beheaded,\\nand forty-two of Ahaziah s brethren to be slain,\\nand also the priests of Baal, whose images he de-\\nstroyed, yet strange to say, he adhered to some\\nof the heathen practices of cotemporaries. See\\nKings of Israel.)\\nThe time had come for Elisha to be called\\nhome, to his reward, but before that event he\\nhad another message to deliver. During his last\\nhours, the king of Israel came to see him and ex-\\nclaimed, u O my father the chariot of Israel\\nand the horsemen thereof. Elisha told him to\\nTake a bow and arrows, open the window to-\\nwards the east and shoot the arrow of the Lord s\\ndeliverance from Syria, for thou shalt smite the\\nSyrians till thou hast destroyed them. Then the\\nprophet said to the king, Smite upon the\\nground. He smote three times and stopped.\\nElisha said, You ought to have smitten five or\\nsix times, until the Syrians were completely over-\\nthrown, but now thou shalt smite Syria only\\nthree times.\\nAfter this interview Elisha died and was bur-\\nied, but a miracle was wrought after his death,\\nthough how long after is not known. As the\\nMoabites were invading the kingdom of Israel, a\\ndead man was being buried, when in haste those", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0107.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "88 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nperforming the ceremony, cast his body into the\\ngrave of Elisha. As soon as the corpse touched\\nthe bones of the prophet, the dead man came to\\nlife and stood upon his feet.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0108.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "The Kings of Judah.\\nCHAPTER VII.\\nTHE HEBREW SOVEREIGNS.\\nThree kings governed the entire nation of the\\nIsraelites for a period of one hundred and twenty\\nyears, namely, Saul of the tribe of Benjamin,\\nduring forty years David of the tribe of Judah,\\nduring forty years Solomon, son of David, dur-\\ning forty years.\\nWhen Rehoboam, son of Solomon succeeded\\nhis father, ten tribes revolted and formed a sep-\\narate government called The Kingdom of Israel,\\nwith its capital, first at Tirza a city of Ephraim,\\nthen at Samaria, a city built by Omri, king of\\nIsrael, who made it his capital.\\nThe remaining tribes including Judah and\\nBenjamin constituted a government called The\\nKingdom of Judah with its capital at Jerusalem.\\nSimilar names are sometimes given to the kings\\nof both nations, while many of the sovereigns of\\nboth were known by two different names, there-\\n89", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0109.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "90 BIBLE CHARACTERS,\\nfore to avoid confusion of ideas a list of the\\nrulers of the two nations is given with the period\\nof their reigns.\\nAFTEE THE SECESSION.\\nRehohoam, Abijah or Abijam, Asa.\\nRehoboam, son of Solomon, and Naanrah, an\\nAmmonitess, succeeded his father at the age of\\nforty-one, and reigned seventeen years, but his\\nindiscreet policy caused ten tribes to revolt, and\\nfound a separate government known as the\\nKingdom of Israel. After the death of Solomon,\\nhis son went to Shechem to be crowned king\\nover all the tribes, and when Jeroboam, son of\\nNebat, who had escaped to Egypt to save his\\nlife, heard that a king had been chosen, he re-\\nturned to Palestine, and with a number of in-\\nfluential people, went to the king and petitioned\\nfor relief from their burdens exacted by Solomon,\\nsaying, Thy father made our yoke grievous,\\nnow, therefore, ease somewhat the burdens he\\nlaid upon us, and the heavy jo\\\\q he made us\\nbear, and we will serve thee. Rehoboam said to\\nthem, Come again after three days, when he\\nwould make known his decision.\\nIn the meantime he held a council with the\\nold men who had consulted with Solomon, his\\nfather, on public affairs. They said, If thou", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0110.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 91\\nart kind and wilt speak in a friendly manner,\\nand wilt seek to please them, they will be thy\\nservants, but the king did not accept their ad-\\nvice, and consulted the young men of his ac-\\nquaintance. Their counsel was the following\\nu Say to them that as my father made your yoke\\nheavy, I will add to it and as he chastised you\\nwith whips, I will chastise you with scorpions,\\nusing an emphatic figure of speech. By scor-\\npions were meant thongs set with sharp iron\\npoints or nails.\\nWhen Jeroboam and his followers came to the\\nking on the third day to hear his decision, he an-\\nswered them according to the advice of the\\nyoung men. After the people heard it, they\\nsaid, What portion have we in David We\\nhave no inheritance in the son of Jesse. Every\\nman to his tent, O Israel. ]STow, David, see to\\nthy house. All the tribes except Judah and\\nBenjamin seceded from the government of Re-\\nhoboam, who sent Hadoram the treasurer of the\\ntribute, perhaps to conciliate the revolters, when\\nthey stoned him to death. This alarmed the\\nking who, fearing for his own life, fled in his\\nchariot to Jerusalem. After arriving at the cap-\\nital, he collected 180,000 warriors to fight Israel,\\nin order to restore the kingdom, but a prophet\\ncame to him with the message Thus saith the\\nLord, Ye shall not go to fight your brethren,", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0111.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "92 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nReturn every man to his house, for this rebellion\\nhas been according to My will. They obeyed\\nthe message and did not go to war against Jero-\\nboam.\\nKing Rehoboam was not without followers,\\nfor a large number of his countrymen still main-\\ntained their allegiance to him. He gave his at-\\ntention to building cities for defence, a necessary\\nprecaution against his enemies. These cities,\\nfifteen in all throughout Judah and Benjamin,\\nwere surrounded by Avails. He also fortified his\\nstrongholds or fortresses, by greater securities,\\nand placed in them shields, spears, stores of food,\\noil and wine, and appointed captains to command\\nthese forts. From these military preparations,\\nhe appears to have expected future trouble with\\nthe rebellious tribes, at least for his successors,\\nwhich did occur many times for centuries.\\nThe priests and Levites in Israel left their pos-\\nsessions and came to the king of Judah, because\\nJeroboam and his sons had excluded them from\\nthe priests office, and had ordained priests for\\nthe High Places, for devils, and for the gold\\ncalves. However, those decided to seek the Lord\\nGod of Israel, from all the tribes, came to Jeru-\\nsalem to offer sacrifices, and during several years,\\nthey followed the example of David and Solo-\\nmon before his apostasy in religious services.\\nAccording to the customs of the times, Reho-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0112.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 93\\nboam was a polygamist and had a number of\\nwives and children. He appointed Abijah, one\\nof his sons, ruler over his brethren, dispersed his\\nlarge family throughout the regions of Judah\\nand Benjamin, and furnished them with food in\\nabundance.\\nUnfortunately, Rehoboam, after being estab-\\nlished in his government, forsook the Lord, and\\nwas supported in his apostasy by his subjects,\\ntherefore as a punishment, the Lord permitted\\nan enemy to invade his kingdom. This was\\nShishak, king of Egypt, who came with 1,200\\nchariots, 60,000 cavalry, and a very large num-\\nber of infantry. They captured many of the\\nwalled cities of Judah, and then came to the\\ncapital, when a prophet was sent to Rehoboam\\nand the princes, who had come to Jerusalem on\\naccount of the danger, with the message, Ye\\nhave forsaken Me, saith the Lord, therefore I\\nhave left you in the hand of Shishak. When\\nthey heard this message, the king and princes\\nhumbled themselves and exclaimed, The Lord\\nis righteous. When another communication was\\nreceived, that because they had humbled them-\\nselves, they should not be destroyed, but they\\nwould become servants of the king of Egypt,\\nwho came to Jerusalem and took away the treas-\\nures of the house of the Lord, also of the royal\\npalace, including the gold shields Solomon made.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0113.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "*94 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nAfter this plunder, Rehoboam made shields of\\nbrass and gave them to the guard who kept\\nthe entrance to the palace. They were finally\\nplaced in the guard-chamber. Rehoboam strength-\\nened the fortifications in Jerusalem, but he did\\nnot seek the Lord with all his heart, and his\\nreign was disturbed by frequent wars with Jero-\\nboam, king of Israel. After the death of Eeho-\\nboam, he was succeeded by his son Abijah, who\\nreigned three years. His public measures were\\nopen to criticism, but his descendants were es-\\ntablished in the royal line, for David s sake,\\nas it is expressed.\\nThere was war between the rival powers of\\nJudah and Israel during the reign of Abijah, and\\nafter his death, his son Asa, one of the eminent\\nkings of Judah, succeeded him as sovereign.\\nThe name Asa in the Hebrew language signi-\\nfies healer, or physician. Asa began his reign\\nabout 955 B. c. it is reckoned, and continued it\\nforty-one years, the third in length of the kings\\nof Judah. Though his father neglected the serv-\\nice of God, Asa was a righteous king and re-\\nspected the laws of Moses. He is represented\\nby his biographers as a man whose heart was per-\\nfect with the Lord all his days, but this does not\\nmean he was without faults, as the record of his\\nlife proves, but refers, doubtless, to his public\\nacts generally. He, however, sometimes erred in", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0114.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 95\\nhis management of government affairs and was\\nreproved by the messengers of the Lord. Asa\\nlived in a degenerate age, and was cotemporary\\nwith some of the wicked kings of Israel, but he\\nattempted to reform the sinful practices of his\\ncountrymen. He began his reign by deposing\\nMaachah his mother, from the office and dignity\\nof. queen, because she erected an image to the\\ngoddess Astarte, which the king burned in the\\nvalley of Hinnom. He removed the Sodomites,\\nfrom his dominions, and destroyed the idols his\\ncountrymen had made, and brought the silver,\\ngold, and sacred vessels into the house of the\\nLord.\\nDuring his reign there were hostilities with\\nBaasha, king of Israel, who made an expedition\\nto the kingdom of Judah, and began the construc-\\ntion of Ramah as a fortified place, to prevent any\\none from joining Asa. This induced the king of\\nJudah to form an alliance with Ben-hadad, king\\nof Syria, and send messengers to Damascus with\\npresents of silver, and gold taken from the house\\nof the Lord and from the king s palace. The en-\\nvoys were instructed to say to the Syrian king,\\nThere is a league between thee and me. Break\\nthy league with Baasha, king of Israel, that he\\nmay depart from me.\\nBen-hadad consented to Asa s proposal, and\\nsent captains of his army with their forces who", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0115.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "96 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ncaptured some of the cities of Israel. When\\nBaasha heard of it, he abandoned Ramah and\\nretired to Tirzah, then the capital of his king-\\ndom.\\nAsa issued a proclamation and sent it through-\\nout his dominions, that the stones intended for\\nbuilding Ramah, should be taken for the con-\\nstruction of the cities of Greba and Mizpah.\\nAfter the alliance of Asa with the king of Syria,\\nHanani the prophet, came to him and said, Be-\\ncause thou hast relied on the king of Syria, and\\nnot on the Lord thy God, therefore the host of\\nSyria will escape out of thy hand. Thou hast\\nacted foolishly, therefore henceforth thou shalt\\nhave wars. Asa was angry with the prophet,\\ncast him into prison and oppressed some of the\\npeople, those probably who sustained the\\nprophet s cause.\\nThe king said to his subjects, Let us build\\ncities with walls and gates of brass while we\\npossess the land, that we may be defended against\\nthe dangers of war. He had an army of 300,000\\nmen of the tribe of Judah who used targets and\\nspears, and 280,000 of the tribe of Benjamin who\\ncarried shields and used the bow, all mighty\\nmen of valor as it is expressed.\\nThe Ethiopians commanded by Zerah, with an\\narmy of 1,000,300 men and 300 chariots invaded\\nthe kingdom of Judah. Asa rallied his forces", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0116.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "Huldah and the Book of the Law.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0117.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0118.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH, 97\\nand went to meet them, when an encounter took\\nplace in the valley of Zephathah, at Mareshah.\\nThe king of Judah, on this occasion, did not trust\\nin his army alone for success, but he sought\\nDivine assistance. He said, Lord, it is nothing\\nwith Thee to assist whether with many or with\\nthem who have no power. Help us, O Lord our\\nGod, for we rest on Thee, and in Thy name go\\nagainst this multitude. O Lord our God, let no\\nman prevail against Thee.\\nThe battle began when victory was on the side\\nof the weakest, and the vast army of the Ethio-\\npians fled and were pursued by the conquerors as\\nfar as Gerar, in the south of Judah. They were\\nin such haste to escape, they left great spoils\\nwhich the victors took, and smote all the cities\\nabout Gerar, destroyed the tents for the cattle\\nand drove away the sheep and camels left by the\\nenemy in great numbers, and then returned to\\nJerusalem.\\nThe prophet Azariah went to meet Asa and his\\nsoldiers, and said to them, Hear me, Asa and\\nall Judah and Benjamin. The Lord is with you\\nas long as you are with Him. If ye seek Him,\\nHe will be found, but if ye forsake Him, He will\\nforsake you. For a long time, Israel has been\\nwithout the true God, without a priest to teach\\nthem, and without law, but when in their trouble,\\nthey turned to the Lord God of Israel, He was", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0119.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "98 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nfound of them. In those times there was no\\npeace, and only great tribulation when they were\\nconquered by other nations, and their cities were\\ndestroyed. Be ye strong and you will receive a\\nreward.\\nWhen Asa heard these words, he was encour-\\naged, and gathering his subjects with those of\\nthe other tribes who followed him when they\\nsaw the Lord was with him, he returned to Jeru-\\nsalem and offered the spoils taken from the\\nenemy, comprising 700 oxen, and 7,0.00 sheep, and\\nmade a covenant to serve the Lord with all the\\nheart and soul, and that whoever should not seek\\nHim should be put to death, whether old or\\nyoung, man or woman. The people responded\\nto the covenant with shouts and sounds of\\ntrumpets and cornets.\\nThe deliverance of the people of Judah from\\nimminent peril was remarkable since the danger\\noccurred before their alliance with the Syrians,\\ntherefore they did not expect any assistance from\\nthem.\\nIn the thirty-ninth year of his reign, Asa was\\nafflicted with a disease in his feet which caused\\ngreat suffering, and perhaps his death. He\\nsought help from physicians, but they could\\nafford him no relief. He died after a reign of\\nforty-one years and was buried in the sepulchre\\nhe made for himself in Jerusalem. His tomb", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0120.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAB. 99\\nwas filled with sweet odors and different spices\\nprepared by apothecaries. It is said the people\\nmade a very great burning for him which may\\nhave been sacrifices on the occasion of his burial,\\nto show their respect and attachment to their\\ndeparted king.\\nThe reforms of Asa consisted mainly in re-\\nmoving the altars of false gods and the high\\nplaces, where heathen worship was offered, in\\ndestroying the images of pagan divinities and\\ncutting down the groves dedicated to them, and\\nenjoining upon his subjects the worship of the\\ntrue God. During a period of ten years peace\\nwith other nations, he gave his attention to im-\\nproving his own dominions, and building new\\ncities.\\nThe Scriptures represent Asa as an example of\\nardent zeal for the worship of the Supreme God,\\nwhich was true, yet like all human beings he had\\nfaults. He neglected to destroy all the High\\nPlaces which may have been to conciliate those\\ninclined to idolatry. His application to the\\nSyrians for assistance was inexcusable, since it\\nimplied a distrust in the power and goodness of\\nthe Lord, while his treatment of the prophet\\nwhom he sent to prison, and the punishment of\\nsome of his subjects for their sympathy for the\\npersecuted man of God, prove that a distin-\\nguished reformer and eminent king was not a\\n4 c-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0121.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "100 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nperfect example to. follow in every respect, yet,\\naside from these faults, Asa was one of the illus-\\ntrious kings of Judah and a benefactor to his\\nnation, in a time of great peril on account of the\\ndegeneracy of the age in which he lived. He\\nwas succeeded in the government by his son\\nJehoshaphat, an honorable and worthy successor\\nto his illustrious father.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0122.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEE YIIL\\nJEHOSHAPHAT, JORAM OR JEHORAM, AHAZIAH\\nOR AZARIAH.\\nThe fourth king of Judah named Jehoshaphat,\\nson of Asa, ascended the throne at the age of\\nthirty-five, and reigned twenty-five years, or as\\nit is computed, from 914 b. c. to 889. B. c. He\\nwas cotemporary with Ahab and Ahaziah, kings\\nof Israel, though he did not follow their example.\\nIt is said by his biographer, that, He walked in\\nthe ways of David, and did not serve Baal, but\\nsought the Lord God of his fathers, therefore\\nhe was firmly established in his government.\\nOn his accession to the throne, he began to\\nstrengthen his kingdom by placing military\\nforces in all the walled cities of Judah, and\\ngarrisons throughout the country and in those\\ncities of Ephraim which Asa his father had cap-\\ntured. He appointed five princes, assisted by\\npriests and Levites, to instruct the people in the\\ndifferent cities of his kingdom, who carried with\\nthem copies of the Book of the Law of the Lord.\\nThese princes and priests were travelling mis-\\nsionaries, b*ut there is no special record of their\\n10X", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0123.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "102 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nlabors, though these messengers of truth, doubt-\\nless, faithfully performed their duty, while the\\nplan is creditable to Jehoshaphat. His influence\\nwas recognized by cotemporary nations, and\\nthey considered it the safest policy not to engage\\nin a war with him. Even the Philistines, a for-\\nmidable enemy of his nation, brought him pres-\\nents in silver, and the Arabians gave him flocks,\\ncomprising 7,700 sheep and 7,700 goats, The\\ncharacter of the gifts presented by the Arabs sug-\\ngests the idea that the chief occupation of this\\nancient nation was that of shepherds. The\\nrecognition of his power by foreign countries,\\nincreased the popularity and wealth of the king\\nof Judah, and he constructed storehouses for his\\nuse, and castles for defence. His army at Jeru-\\nsalem, composed of the most valiant soldiers\\nwhose commander-in-chief, Aclmah, had under his\\ndirect control 300,000 soldiers, and next to him\\nin rank was Jehohanan with 280,000. The third\\nwas Amariah commanding 200,000, the fourth,\\nEliada of the tribe of Benjamin with 200,000\\narmed with bow and shield, and the fifth was\\nJehozabad with 180,000 men. The whole num-\\nber comprised 1,160,000 soldiers regarded as\\nmighty men of valor.\\nJehoshaphat formed an alliance with Ahab,\\nking of Israel, which proved a dangerous league.\\nHe was engaged in a war with the Syrians and in-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0124.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 103\\nvited the king of Judah to accompany him in his\\ncampaign against the enemy. His confederate,\\nJehoshaphat, replied, I am as thou art, and my\\npeople as thy people. Jehoshaphat then re-\\nquested Ahab to inquire of the Lord about the\\nresult, when four hundred prophets were sum-\\nmoned to inform them about it. Shall we go\\nto Eamoth-Gilead to battle, or shall we forbear\\nwas the question. They all said, Go, for the\\nLord will deliver it into thy hands. Jehosha-\\nphat inquired, Is there not a prophet besides\\nthese of whom we may inquire The king of\\nIsrael replied, There is one, Micaiah, but I\\nhate him, for he always prophesies evil of me.\\nDo not say so, the king of Judah answered.\\nAhab called one of his officers and gave orders\\nto bring the prophet Micaiah immediately, when\\nhe was conducted into the presence of the two\\nkings, each sitting upon his throne, near the gate\\nof the city of Samaria, and clothed in their royal\\ngarments, with all the prophets standing about\\nthem. One, named Zedekiah, had made horns of\\niron, and said, With these horns thou shalt push\\nSyria until they be consumed. All the four\\nhundred prophets responded by saying, Go to\\nEamoth-Gilead, for the Lord will deliver it into\\nthe hand of the king. This was a city east of\\nthe Jordan, in the mountainous region of Gilead,\\nand was sometimes called Ramathan or Ara-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0125.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "104 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nmatha. The country in this vicinity was cele-\\nbrated for its beautiful scenery, therefore was a\\ndesirable possession.\\nThe messengers sent to bring Micaiah to the\\nking, told him of the favorable prophecy that\\nhad been delivered, and advised him to predict\\nsuccess for his majesty, when the prophet replied,\\nWhat my God saith, that will I speak. When\\nhe came to the kings, Ahab said, Shall we go\\nto Ramoth-Gilead The reply was, Go and\\nprosper, for it shall be delivered into thy hands.\\nThe king, probably, believed the prophet spoke\\nironically, for he said, How many times shall I\\nadjure thee that thou say nothing to me but the\\ntruth Micaiah then replied, I see all Israel\\nscattered as sheep on the mountains without a\\nshepherd, and the Lord said, These have no\\nmaster let them return to their homes in peace.\\nAhab said to Jehoshaphat, Did I not tell thee\\nhe \\\\%ould prophesy only evil Then Micaiah\\nsaid, Hear the word of the Lord. I saw Him\\nsitting upon His throne and all the host of heaven\\nstanding on His right hand and on His left. He\\nsaid, Who will entice Ahab, king of Israel, that\\nhe may go and fall at Ramoth-Gilead There\\nwas a difference in their answers, one proposing\\none thing and another a different one, when fi-\\nnally a certain spirit said, I will entice him.\\nHow shall it be done it was asked. I will", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0126.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 105\\nbe a lying spirit in the mouth of the prophets,\\nand will say, go. Zedekiah smote Micaiah on\\nthe cheek, saying, Which way went the spirit\\nof the Lord from me to speak to thee The\\nprophet replied, Thou wilt see when thou shalt\\ngo into the inner chamber to hide thyself. Ahab\\ncommanded his officers to conduct Micaiah the\\nprophet, to Amon, the governor of the city, and\\nJoash, the king s son, and tell them to put him in\\nprison and feed him with the bread and water of\\naffliction until I return in peace. If thou re-\\nturn in peace, the Lord hath not spoken by me.\\nListen to me, all ye people, said Micaiah. The\\nkings of Israel and Judah went to Eamoth-\\nGilead to meet the Syrians, when Ahab said to\\nJehoshaphat, I will disguise myself, but do you\\nput on my raiment in order to deceive them.\\nThe king of Syria commanded the captains of his\\nchariots to fight with none but the king of Israel,\\nand when they saw Jehoshaphat, they supposed\\nhe was Ahab, therefore they made an attack\\nupon him, but he besought the Lord for deliver-\\nance, and when the Syrians learned that he was\\nnot the king of Israel, they gave up the pursuit.\\nAfter this incident a certain man drew his bow\\nand sent an arrow at a venture, w r hich smote\\nAhab between the joints of his armor, when he\\nsaid, Carry me out of the host, for I am\\nwounded. However, he remained in his chariot", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0127.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "106 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nuntil the close of the battle at evening, when he\\ndied, and Jehoshaphat returned to Jerusalem,\\nwhen Jehu, a prophet, went to him and said,\\nOught you to help the ungodly, and love them\\nthat hate the Lord There is indignation against\\nthee, though thou hast performed righteous deeds\\nby removing the groves and preparing the people\\nto seek the Lord.\\nJehoshaphat, after the disaster at Ramoth-\\nGilead, made another journey throughout his\\ndominions to encourage his subjects to serve the\\nLord God of their fathers, and appointed judges\\nin the country and the walled cities, saying to\\nthese officials, Take heed what ye do, for ye\\njudge not for me, but for the Lord. Let the fear\\nof the Lord be with you, for He has no respect\\nfor persons or gifts. He then denoted the spe-\\ncial duties of the priests and Levites, and closed\\nhis directions by saying, Deal courageously and\\nthe Lord will be with those who do right.\\nThe kingdom of Juclah was invaded by an\\narmy of Moabites and Ammonites, and Avhen\\nJehoshaphat was informed of the danger, he\\nfeared the result, and proclaimed a fast to be ob-\\nserved throughout all the land of Juclah, when\\nthe people assembled at the capital to seek Di-\\nvine aid. The king, standing in the house of\\nthe Lord, offered a prayer, appealing to God say-\\ning, O Lord God of our fathers, art not Thou", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0128.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 107\\nGod in heaven, and rulest over the kingdoms of\\nthe heathen, and in Thy hand are not power and\\nmight so that no one is able to withstand Thee\\nHe added, Art not Thou the God who gave this\\nland to Thy people Israel They have built\\nThee a sanctuary and when war, judgment,\\npestilence and famine visit us, and we cry to\\nThee in our affliction, wilt not Thou hear and\\nhelp us Behold, how the people of Moab and\\nAmmon reward us for the kindness of our\\nfathers in their journey from Egypt. O God,\\nwilt not Thou judge them, for we have no power\\nto meet that great army and we know not what\\nto do, but we look to Thee. When the king\\nwas offering this pra} 7 er, the people including the\\nwomen and children, were standing about him, and\\na Levite at the close of the petition exclaimed,\\nHearken, ye people of Judah and inhabitants\\nof Jerusalem, and thou king Jehoshaphat, thus\\nsaith the Lord, Be not discouraged because of\\nthe great multitude, for the battle is not yours,\\nbut God s to-morrow advance to meet the\\nenemy. They come by the cliff Ziz, and ye shall\\nmeet them at the brook near the wilderness of\\nJeruel but ye will not fight. Arrange your\\nforces, stand still and see the salvation of the\\nLord for He will be with you.\\nJehoshaphat and his subjects bowed with their\\nfaces to the ground and worshipped the Lord", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0129.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "108 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nwhile the priests and Levites praised Him with\\nloud voices. Early the next morning the king,\\nwith his followers, went to the wilderness of\\nTekoa, when he addressed them saying,\\nHearken, O Juclah, and inhabitants of Jeru-\\nsalem, believe in the Lord your God, and ye shall\\nbe established, and believe in his prophets, and\\nye shall prosper. When the king had consulted\\nwith the people, he appointed singers to go be-\\nfore the soldiers, praising the Lord, and when\\nthey began to sing, those lying in ambush arose\\nand rushed upon their comrades who were seized\\nwith a panic and killed one another. When the\\narmy of Judah came to the wilderness, they saw\\nthe dead bodies of their foes and a great abun-\\ndance of rich spoils left by the enemy, such as\\nprecious jewels and other valuable articles, more\\nthan could be collected at once, and they were\\nthree days gathering the spoils. On the fourth\\nday, they came to the valley of Berachah, where\\nthey halted and offered praise and thanks to the\\nLord for their deliverance, and then returned to\\nJerusalem conducted by the king and attended\\nby the musicians with their harps and trumpets.\\nWhen other nations heard of the remarkable de-\\nliverance of the king of Judah, they proclaimed\\nthe news and his name became famous.\\nAfter his alliance with Ahab and its unfortu-\\nnate results, it is unaccountable that Jehoshaphat", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0130.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 109\\nshould form another with Ahaziah, the successor\\nof the late king of Israel who is represented as a\\nwicked ruler. This alliance was for th6 purpose\\nof constructing ships to sail to Tarshish to obtain\\ngold, therefore Eliezer uttered a prophecy against\\nthe king of Judah, saying, Because thou hast\\njoined thyself with Ahaziah, the Lord will destroy\\nthy works. The prediction proved true, as the\\nships were wrecked.\\nJehoshaphat died after reigning tw r enty-nine\\nyears, was buried in the city of David and suc-\\nceeded by his son Joram or Jehoram. He had\\nother sons to whom he left valuable possessions,\\nsuch as silver, gold and other precious things be-\\nsides walled cities, but the crown he bestowed\\nupon Jehoram.\\nThe public acts of Jehoshaphat were generally in\\nconformity to the Divine will those of a different\\ncharacter have been mentioned. His reforms, how-\\never, were not always thorough, and he may have\\nbeen sometimes influenced by state policy. He\\nhad faults, since he was human, and occasionally he\\nseemed determined to have his own way, right or\\nwrong, and for this he w T as rebuked by the proph-\\nets, but with all his errors he remains in history as\\none of the illustrious kings of Judah, and a faith-\\nful servant of the Lord in most of his public acts,\\nJoram or Jehoram, son of Jehoshaphat, suc-\\nceeded his father at the age of thirty-two, and", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0131.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "110 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nreigned eight years. He married the daughter\\nof Ahab and followed the example of the kings\\nof Israel. During his reign, the Edomites who\\nhad been brought under the control of the people\\nof Judah, revolted and elected a king for them-\\nselves. This rebellion caused a war with their\\nmasters, when king Joram went to Zair with his\\nforces, made a night attack upon the Edomites\\nwho were defeated and fled to their tents, but\\nthey were not completely subdued, and therefore\\ngave frequent trouble to their neighbors.\\nJoram died at the age of forty years, and was\\nsucceeded by his son Ahaziah or Azariah, as he V\\nwas also called, when twenty-two years of age,\\nand reigned only one year. Being related to the\\nfamily of Ahab he adopted their views in reli-\\ngion, which were idolatrous. He formed an alli-\\nance with the king of Israel, whose name also\\nwas Joram, the son of Ahab, to carry on a war\\nwith the Syrians, when in a battle, the king of\\nIsrael was wounded, and returned to Jezreel to\\nbe cured. Ahaziah made a visit to the w^ounded\\nking and w r as slain by Jehu, who also put to\\ndeath the king of Israel. When Athaliah, the\\nmother of Ahaziah, and daughter of Omri, king\\nof Israel, heard of his death, she slew all the royal\\nfamily except one member who was concealed, and\\nseized the reins of government which she ruled six\\nyears, and then came to a tragical death.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0132.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IX.\\nJOASH OR JEHOASH, AMAZIAH, UZZIAH OR AZA-\\nIAH, JOTHIM, AHAZ.\\nThe history of Joash or Jehoash, king of\\nJudah, is remarkable for its romance and its\\ntragical ending. He began his reign, it is reck-\\noned, less than a century after Asa, and from\\ntwo to three centuries before Hezekiah. He was\\nthe son of king Ahaziah, and grandson of queen\\nAthaliah. His father occupied the throne only\\none year when he was slain by Jehu. When\\nqueen Athaliah ordered all the royal princes of\\nJudah to be put to death, Joash, then an infant,\\nwas concealed with his nurse, in a bedchamber,\\nand was kept in privacy six years. During that\\ntime, Athaliah governed the kingdom of Judah,\\nbut in the seventh year of her reign, Jehoiada,\\nthe priest, summoned the Levites and elders in\\nJudah and went to Jerusalem, when the people\\nmade a covenant with young prince Joash, in the\\nhouse of the Lord, that he should reign over\\nJudah.\\nA plan was formed in the following manner.\\nOne-third of the people were to act as porters of\\nill", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0133.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "112 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthe doors one-third as guards for the palace\\nand one-third as watchmen at the gates. Be-\\nsides these officers, there were guards placed in\\nthe courts of the Lord s house, to prevent any\\none, except the Levites, from entering, and if\\nany one presumed to enter, besides the priests,\\nhe was to be put to death.\\nThe Levites and the people followed the di-\\nrections of Jehoiada the priest who gave to the\\ncaptains of hundreds, spears, bucklers, and shields\\nthat had belonged to David, and were kept in\\nthe house of the Lord. These preparations\\nwere made to avoid insurrections at the corona-\\ntion of the young prince Joash. Jehoiada ar-\\nranged the men, each with his weapon in his\\nhand, standing from the right to the left side of\\nthe Temple, near the altar, and about the king.\\nThen they brought Joash, the young prince, and\\nplaced the crown on his head, while the priests\\nanointed him and shouted God save the king.\\nWhen Athaliah heard the noise of the multi-\\ntude running and extolling the king, she came\\nto the house of the Lord, and as she saw the\\nyoung king standing by the pillar at the en-\\ntrance, and the princes with the people rejoicing\\nand sounding trumpets, and the singers with in-\\nstruments of music, she rent her clothes and\\ncried, treason, treason. Jehoiada ordered the\\ncaptains to remove, and slay her, but not in the", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0134.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 113\\nhouse of the Lord, therefore she was conducted\\nto the horsegate, and put to death. Jehoiada\\nthen made a covenant between the king and peo-\\nple, that they should serve the Lord. They went\\nto the temple of Baal, overthrew it with its altars\\nand images and slew Mattan, the priest of Baal,\\nbefore his altar. Jehoiada appointed the officers\\nof the house of the Lord, and called together\\nthe captains of hundreds, nobles, and governors\\nwith others, and brought the king from the\\nhouse of the Lord to the palace and placed him\\nupon the throne. He was seven years old,\u00c2\u00ab at\\nthe time of his coronation, and reigned forty\\nyears.\\nSome years after his coronation, he decided to\\nrepair the house of the Lord which had been\\nneglected, and called together the priests and\\nLevites for their instructions. They were to go\\nto the different cities of Judah and collect money\\nfor this object. See, said the king, that ye\\nhasten the work. This last injunction they did\\nnot heed, when the king called for Jehoiada and\\nsaid, Why hast thou required the Levites to\\ntake a collection Was it not to repair the\\nhouse of the Lord The sons of Athaliah had\\ntaken all the objects dedicated to the Lord and\\ngiven them to Baal. At the command of king\\nJoash, they made a chest and placed it without\\nthe gate of the house of the Lord, when a proc-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0135.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "114 BIBLE CHA RA CTERS.\\nlamatibn was issued to bring the collection that\\nwas required by the law of Moses. All his sub-\\njects were pleased with the plan, and cast into\\nthe chest their offerings which were brought to\\nthe office of the king, when his scribe and the\\nofficers of the high priest emptied the chest and\\nreturned it to its place. This they did day by\\nday, and collected a large sum of money which\\nwas given to the workmen, masons, carpenters\\nand others, who wrought in iron, and brass for\\nthe repair of the house. The work went for-\\nward until it was finished, when they brought\\nthe money that was left, to the king and Jehoi-\\nada, which was given for sacred vessels and\\nspoons made of gold and silver.\\nAfter these repairs, the people made their of-\\nferings to the Lord, during the life of Jehoiada\\nthe priest, who died at the advanced age of one\\nhundred and thirty years, and was buried in the\\ncity of David among the kings, as an honor for\\nhis fidelity to the Lord and to the king, but after\\nhis death, there was a sad decline.\\nThe princes of Judah came to the king and\\npersuaded him to forsake the Lord God of their\\nfathers and serve idols, when prophets were sent\\nto persuade them to return to Him, but they\\nwould not listen to them. Zechariah the son of\\nJehoiada said to the people, Why do you\\ntransgress the commands of the Lord Because", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0136.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAR. 115\\nye have forsaken Him, He will forsake you.\\nThey were offended and conspired to kill the\\npriest at the command of Joash the king who\\nforgot the kindness of Jehoiada, and killed his\\nson. It was the wife of Jehoiada who concealed\\nthe young prince from Athaliah who intended to\\nmurder him.\\nAt the close of the year, an army of Syrians\\ninvaded the kingdom of Judah, and coming to\\nJerusalem, killed the princes and sent the spoils\\nto Damascus, and many of the people of Judah\\nwere taken captive. A conspiracy against the\\nking was formed by his servants who assassinated\\nhim when he was sick in his bed, in revenge\\nfor his murder of the sons of Jehoiada. He was\\nburied in the city of David but not in the sepul-\\nchre of the kings, and was succeeded in the gov-\\nernment by Amaziah his son.\\nThe remarkable history of the childhood of\\nJoash, says one writer, the beginning of a\\npromising reign, his thorough reforms, his\\nmethod of collecting funds for the repair of the\\nTemple were so successful, that the sad degener-\\nacy of his later years and his tragical death are\\nall the more pathetic. His reforms were, doubt-\\nless, largely due to the influence of Jehoiada,\\nwhose death was a great calamity to the king, as\\nit revealed his weakness.\\nThe eighth king of Judah after the revolt, was", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0137.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "116 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nAmaziah, son of Joash, who began to reign at\\nthe age of twenty-five, and held the reins of gov-\\nernment twenty-nine years. His public life was\\nnot faultless, though he did many things that\\nwere right and for the benefit of his subjects.\\nHe followed the example of his father in his re-\\nforms, though he neglected to remove the High\\nPlaces where heathen rites were performed.\\nAfter his accession to the throne, he ordered the\\nmurderers of his father to be executed, though\\nhe did not include their children in the list, as\\nwas frequently done by other nations, for the\\nlaws of his countrymen forbade the fathers suf-\\nfering for their children, or the children suffering\\nfor the deeds of their fathers.\\nAmaziah appointed captains of companies com-\\nprising thousands of men, and other captains\\nover hundreds, throughout the tribes of Judah\\nand Benjanun, according to their families. He\\ntook the number of those from twenty years old\\nand over, and found there were 300,000 able men\\nfor his army that could handle the spear and\\nshield. He also hired 100,000 valiant warriors\\nfrom Israel, for 100 talents of silver which, ac-\\ncording to different estimates, were equal to\\n$164,500 or $191,600. These preparations were\\nfor an expedition against the Edomites.\\nA man of God came to him and said, O king,\\nlet not the army of Israel go with thee, for the", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0138.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "TEE KINGS OF JUDAH. 117\\nLord is not with them, but if thou wilt go against\\nthe Edomites, be strong for the battle. Ama-\\nziah said, What shall we do about the one hun-\\ndred talents I have given the army of Israel\\nThe prophet said, The Lord is able to give thee\\nmuch more than that.\\nThe king separated the soldiers who had en-\\nlisted from Ephraim, and se\u00c2\u00bbnt them away. They\\nwere very angry on this account and resolved on\\nhaving revenge, therefore they made an attack\\nupon the cities of Judah, from Samaria to Beth-\\nHoran, killing 3,000 of the inhabitants and tak-\\ning much spoil.\\nHaving sent his auxiliaries away, Amaziah in-\\ncreased the number of his own forces, marched\\nto the Valley of Salt, attacked the Edomites\\nand killed 100,000 people of Seir, and captured\\n10,000 whom he conducted to the top of a preci-\\npice, and cast them down and killed them. After\\nthe battle, Amaziah took the gods of Seir, set\\nthem up as divinities, burned incense and offered\\nsacrifices to them, therefore the anger of the Lord\\nwas aroused against him, and He sent a prophet\\nto him inquiring, Why hast thou sought after\\nthe gods of the people of Seir They could not\\ndeliver their own worshippers. The king said,\\nArt thou the king s counsel Forbear, why\\nshouldst thou be smitten? The man of God\\nreplied, I know the Lord hath determined to", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0139.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "118 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ndestroy thee, because thou hast not hearkened\\nunto my counsel.\\nEncouraged by his success against the Edom-\\nites, Amaziah sent messengers to Jehoash king\\nof Israel to challenge him to a conflict of arms,\\nwhen he received the following reply, The\\nthistle in Lebanon sent to the cedar, saying,\\n4 Give thy daughter to my son for a wife, when\\na wild beast passed by and trod down the thistle.\\nIn this sarcastic reply, Jehoash intended, doubt-\\nless, to represent the king of Judah by the this-\\ntle, and the king of Israel by the cedar. Thou\\nhast, indeed, smitten Edom, said the king of\\nIsrael, and thy heart is lifted up. Glory not\\nin this to thy hurt, and fall, thou and Judah\\nwith thee.\\nAmaziah did not heed this advice, but engaged\\nin a battle with the king of Israel at Beth-\\nShemesh, a place in the kingdom of Judah,\\nwhen the rash king was defeated and his soldiers\\nfled each to his tent, leaving Amaziah, who was\\ntaken prisoner. The conquerors came to Jeru-\\nsalem, broke down the wall at the distance of\\nfour hundred cubits, took all the gold and silver\\nand sacred vessels from the house of the Lord\\nand the treasures in the king s palace, and some of\\nthe citizens as hostages, and returned to Samaria.\\nAfter Amaziah was restored to his kingdom,\\nhe continued his reign several years, but finally", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0140.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 119\\nmet with a tragical death. A conspiracy was\\nformed to assassinate him, and when he became\\naware of the plot, he fled to Lachish near the\\nborder of Philistria, hoping, perhaps, to find\\nsafety with a foreign nation, but the conspirators\\nfollowed him and accomplished their purpose.\\nHis remains were taken to Jerusalem, and\\nburied with those of his fathers. His death, it is\\nsaid, was followed by an interregnum of eleven\\nyears, when his son Uzziah ascended the throne.\\nAfter the death of Amaziah, the people of\\nJudah chose Uzziah his son, a young prince, six-\\nteen years of age, for their king. His reign con-\\ntinued fifty-two years, one of the longest of the\\nsovereigns of Judah. He is represented as a\\nwise and just ruler, observing the laws of God\\nduring the life of the prophet Zechariah, and\\nwas prosperous when he kept his commands.\\nHowever, he allowed the High Places to re-\\nmain where the people burnt sacrifices, contrary\\nto the law, and for assuming the office of the\\npriests, he was smitten with the leprosy which\\nafflicted him the remainder of his life.\\nLike some of his predecessors, he became in-\\nvolved in a war with the Philistines, during\\nwhich he captured the cities of Gath, Jabneh,\\nand Ashdod, demolished their walls, and con-\\nstructed other cities in the region he was\\nalso successful in a conflict with the Arabians,", "height": "4681", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0141.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "120 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nNews of his victories spread abroad even to the\\nborders of Egypt, and the Ammonites sent him\\npresents as an acknowledgment of their respect\\nand friendship.\\nUzziah won distinction by his architectural\\nworks. He built towers at the gates of Jeru-\\nsalem and fortified them, and he also constructed\\ntowers in the desert, and dug wells for his use as\\nhe owned large herds of cattle in the plains and\\nlower regions of the country. He employed\\nhusbandmen and vine-dressers among the moun-\\ntains especially Carmel, for Uzziah loved hus-\\nbandry, as it is expressed, as did many other\\nancient kings.\\nHe kept a large standing army that went to\\nwar by bands or detachments, probably, accord-\\ning to their numbers as reckoned by a scribe,\\nruler, and captain. The whole number of leaders,\\nchiefs, or captains in the army was 2,600, while\\nthe soldiers under their command were 307,500\\nvaliant warriors. The king prepared for their\\nuse, military weapons, such as shields, spears,\\nhelmets, bows and slings, and caused engines, the\\nwork of skillful men, to be placed in the towers\\nand on the bulwarks at Jerusalem. The fame of\\nUzziah as a powerful king reached other nations,\\nand, doubtless, made him proud and self-sufficient,\\nwhich led him to transgress the law by assuming\\nthe office of priest and going into the Temple to", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0142.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "Co\\nOx?", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0143.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0144.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 121\\nburn incense. This was a sacrilegious act, and he\\nwas followed to the altar by Azariah the high\\npriest and eighty other priests, who reproved\\nthe king, saying, It does not belong to thee,\\nUzziah, to burn incense unto the Lord this be-\\nlongs to the priests only, sons of Aaron who are\\nconsecrated to this office. Leave the sanctuary,\\nfor thou hast trespassed, and it will not be for\\nthine honor. The king who was holding a\\ncenser in his hand, for burning incense, was\\ngreatly offended with the priests for their rebuke,\\nand while in this state of mind, the leprosy ap-\\npeared on his forehead in the presence of *the\\npriests, when they said he was smitten with that\\ndreadful disease, and hurried him out of the\\nTemple, the king himself hastening to depart.\\nHe remained a leper the remainder of his days,\\ndwelt in a separate house, and was never allowed\\nto go to the house of the Lord nor perform the\\nduties of a king which were discharged by his\\nson Jotham as regent.\\nAfter the death of his father, he was chosen\\nking at the age of twenty-five, and reigned six-\\nteen years. He was disposed to govern accord-\\ning to the Divine will, and like many of his\\nnation, he was fond of erecting new buildings.\\nHe made some improvements at Jerusalem and\\nconstructed cities in the mountainous regions of\\nJudea, and castles and towers in the forests. He", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0145.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "122 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nwas successful in a war with the Ammonites and\\nmade them tributary so that he received from\\nthem, one hundred talents of silver and large\\nquantities of grain from time to time, during three\\nyears. However, he did not remove the High\\nPlaces where the people performed religious\\nrites contrary to the law. He was succeeded\\nby Ahaz his son.\\nAhaz, the successor of Jotham, began to reign\\nat the age of twenty, and was king of Judah six-\\nteen years. He pursued the heathen practices of\\nthe kings of Israel offered sacrifices on High\\nPla ces, under green trees and on hills, and even\\noffered his children to Moloch as burnt-offerings.\\nHe became tributary to Tiglath-pileser, king of\\nAssyria, and when Rezin, king of Syria, and\\nPekah, king of Israel, came to Jerusalem and laid\\nsiege to the city, Ahaz sent messengers to the\\nking of Assyria, saying, I am thy servant and\\nthy son. Come and save me from the kings of\\nSyria and Israel, who rise up against me. He\\ntook silver and gold from the house of the Lord\\nand valuable treasures from the royal palace, and\\nsent them as presents to Tiglath-pileser, who ac-\\ncepted the gifts. He was then engaged in a war\\nwith the Syrians and had taken Damascus, their\\ncapital, and slain Rezin, the king. Ahaz went to\\nDamascus to meet the king of Assyria, and when\\nhe saw an altar which pleased him, he sent a pat-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0146.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 123\\ntern of it to Urijah the priest, who made one ac-\\ncording to the pattern sent him. When Ahaz\\nreturned from Damascus, he offered sacrifices\\nupon the altar and commanded the priest to\\nmake the offerings according to his directions.\\nHe also made moulten images for Baal, and did\\nmany other things contrary to the laws of Moses,\\nand as a punishment he was delivered into the\\nhands of the kings of Syria and Israel. During\\nthe war, Pekah, king of Israel, slew in one day\\n120,000 of the subjects of Ahaz, including the\\nking s son and the governor of his house, and\\n200,000 were taken captives together with great\\nspoils, and brought to Samaria.\\nThe prophet Oded came to the army of Israel,\\nand said, Because the Lord God of your fathers\\nwas angry with Judah, He delivered them into\\nyour hand, and ye have slain them with great\\nrage that reaches to heaven, and now ye purpose\\nto keep the children of Judah for servants, but\\nare there not with yourselves sins against the\\nLord your God Now hear me. Deliver these\\ncaptives, for the wrath of the Lord is upon you.\\nThen certain men of Ephraim addressed the sol-\\ndiers of the Israelites in charge of the prisoners,\\nsaying, Ye shall not bring in the captives. We\\nhave sinned already against the Lord, and do ye\\nintend to add to our sins, for our trespass is great\\nand there is fierce wrath against Israel When", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0147.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "124 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthe soldiers heard these words, they left the cap-\\ntives and spoils with the princes and people, who\\nclothed the naked among them and gave them\\nfood and drink, anointed them, and placing the\\nfeeble upon asses, brought them to Jericho to\\ntheir brethren, and then returned to Samaria.\\nThe Edomites again invaded the kingdom of\\nJudah and carried away the prisoners. The Phil-\\nistines also had taken a large number of cities\\nand villages. Tiglath-pileser, king of Assyria, to\\nwhom Ahaz had offered rich gifts for help, came,\\nbut did not assist him. In this time of distress,\\nthe king of Judah offered sacrifices to the gods\\nof Damascus, for, said he, Because the gods of\\nthe Syrians help them, I will offer sacrifices to\\nthem, that they may help me, but says the sacred\\nwriter, they were the ruin of him and all\\nIsrael.\\nThough he died at the age of thirty-six, he in-\\nflicted upon his nation great injuries by his\\nheathen practices. He cut to pieces the sacred\\nvessels of the house of God, closed the doors of\\nthe temple, built altars in every part of Jeru-\\nsalem and in the different cities of Judah, and\\nmade High Places for the worship of the gods.\\nAfter his death he was not allowed to be buried\\nin the sepulchre of the kings on account of his\\nwickedness.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0148.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEK X.\\nHEZEKIAH, MANASSEH, AMON.\\nAbout two hundred and thirty years after the\\nreign of Asa, king of Judah, another reformer\\nappeared whose name was Hezekiah, meaning\\nStrength of the Lord. He was the son of\\nAhaz, king of Judah, and succeeded his father\\non the throne, at the age of twenty-five, and\\nreigned twenty-nine years. The sacred historian\\ngives a summary of his public life in the follow-\\ning words He did what was right in the sight\\nof the Lord, according to all that David had\\ndone, referring to the Psalmist as a ruler.\\nHezekiah did not follow the wicked example of\\nhis father, but in a degenerate age, when his\\ncountrymen were generally inclined to adopt\\nheathen ideas and practices in religion and\\nmorals, he adhered to the doctrines taught by\\nMoses.\\nThe house of the Lord or temple had been neg-\\nlected and needed repairs, therefore in the first\\nmonth of his reign he began to improve it, and\\ncalling together the priests and Levites, said to\\nthem, Listen to me. Sanctify yourselves and\\n125", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0149.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "126 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nalso the house of the Lord, and remove whatever\\nis offensive. Our fathers have trespassed and\\ndone evil in the sight of the Lord, and have for-\\nsaken His house. They closed the doors and put\\nout the lamps and neglected to burn incense and\\noffer burnt-offerings in the Holy Place, according\\nto the law, therefore the Lord was angry with\\nJudah and sent them trouble by allowing them\\nto be the objects of contempt and astonishment.\\nOur fathers have fallen by the sword, and our\\nsons, daughters, and wives are in captivity. It is\\nin my heart to make a covenant with the Lord\\nGod of Israel that His anger may turn away\\nfrom us. My sons, be not negligent, for the\\nLord has chosen you to stand before Him, to\\nserve Him and offer sacrifices to Him.\\nAfter this address, the Levites called together\\ntheir brethern and they sanctified themselves ac-\\ncording to the law, and went to the house of God\\nand brought out everything considered unclean,\\nand carried them to the Brook Kidron, to be de-\\nstroyed. They began the work on the first day\\nof the first month, and on the eighth day they\\ncame to the porch of the Temple. They com-\\npleted the work of sanctification on the sixteenth\\nday, and then informed the king that they had\\ncleansed the house of the Lord, the altar for\\nburnt-offerings with all the vessels, the table of\\nshewbread, and all that belonged to it. All the", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0150.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 127\\nvessels Ahaz had profaned, they purified and\\nplaced before the altar.\\nHezekiah rose early and calling together the\\nrulers of the city, went to the house of the Lord,\\nwhen a sin-offering was made by the people ac-\\ncording to the law. In the meantime the song\\nused by David for such an occasion, was sung,\\naccompanied by trumpets and other instruments,\\nwhen all the assembly joined in the service, until\\nthe sacrifice was consumed, when the king and\\nall present bowed and worshipped the Lord.\\nAfter the songs of David and Asaph had been\\nsung, Hezekiah said, As ye have consecrated\\nyourselves unto the Lord, bring sacrifices and\\nofferings to His house. Many brought their\\nofferings comprising in all, three thousand nine\\nhundred and seventy animals of different kinds\\nused for such purposes. This was an occasion of\\nrejoicing both to the king and his subjects.\\nHezekiah wrote letters to the people of Judah,\\nEphraim, and Manasseh requesting them to come\\nto the house of the Lord at Jerusalem, to observe\\nthe Passover, and a decree was issued and sent\\nfrom Beer-sheba to Dan, that the festival ought\\nto be celebrated at Jerusalem. Posts or heralds\\ncarried the king s letters throughout the kingdoms\\nof Judah and Israel. In these writings he said,\\nYe children of Israel, turn again to the Lord\\nGod of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, and He", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0151.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "128 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nwill return to you, the remnant that escaped\\nfrom the hand of the kings of Assyria. Be not\\nstubborn as your fathers were, but yield to the\\nLord and enter His sanctuary. If you turn to\\nthe Lord, you will be forgiven, for He is gracious\\nand merciful.\\nThe posts went from city to city throughout\\nthe country, but most of the people only laughed\\nat and mocked them, except in the kingdom of\\nJudah where they respected the king s command,\\nand a large company assembled at Jerusalem to\\nobserve the feast of the Passover. They re-\\nmoved the altars devoted to false gods and cast\\nthem into the Brook Kidron and kept the festival\\naccording to the law. After these ceremonies\\nended, the people went through the cities of\\nJudah and broke the idols in pieces, cut down the\\ngroves, utterly destroyed the High Places and\\naltars, and then returned to their own homes.\\nSince the days of Solomon, it is said, there had\\nnot been such a time of rejoicing in Jerusalem.\\nHezekiah appointed the courses of the priests and\\nLevites and commanded the people to contribute*\\nto their support, when they brought tithes of\\nall their possessions, and when the king and\\nprinces saw their gifts, they praised the Lord and\\nblessed the people. Rooms were fitted up in the\\nhouse of the Lord for storing the offerings for\\nwhich overseers were appointed.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0152.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH, 129\\nThe use of groves for religious worship was a\\nvery ancient custom, and among heathen nations\\nthey became favorite places for idolatrous prac-\\ntices, hence reformers took special pains to cut\\nthem down. The brazen serpent made by Moses,\\nbecame an object of divine homage to which in-\\ncense was burned. Hezekiah broke it in pieces\\nand in contempt called it Nehustan which\\nmeans little brazen serpent.\\nHezekiah was not permitted to close his reign\\nwithout danger from other nations. Judah had\\nbeen made tributary to Assyria, but the king re-\\nfused to pay tribute, which was a dangerous posi-\\ntion to assume. Shalmaneser, king of Assyria,\\nhad laid siege to Samaria the capital of the king-\\ndom of Israel, and after three years, captured\\nthe city, and in the sixth year of Hezekiah s\\nreign the government of Israel was overthrown\\nand the inhabitants were carried into captivity\\nfrom which, as a nation, they never returned.\\nWhen Sennacherib came to the Assyrian throne,\\nhe made a hostile invasion of the kingdom of\\nJudah, in the fourteenth year of Hezekiah s\\nreign, and captured the fortified cities. The\\nking sent to the Assyrian leader whose head-\\nquarters were at Lachish, a messenger, saying,\\nI have offended return from me and whatsoever\\nthou requirest, I will do. He gave Sennacherib\\nthree hundred talents of silver, and thirty talents", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0153.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "130 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nof gold, besides all the silver found in the house\\nof the Lord and in the treasury of the palace.\\nHe removed the gold from the Temple and the\\npillars he had overlaid, and gave it to the king\\nof Assyria. The value of a talent of silver has\\nbeen estimated at nearly one hundred and four-\\nteen pounds, and a talent of gold about seven\\nthousand two hundred pounds, though the value\\nof the talent varied in different periods.\\nThe king of Assyria sent Tartan, that is his\\ncommander-in-chief, Eabsaris, attended by Rab-\\nshakeh, from Lachish, to Hezekiah, with a pow-\\nerful army. On arriving at Jerusalem, they re-\\nmained in the Fuller s Field, outside the walls\\nof the city, and sent a message to the king of\\nJudah, when Hezekiah requested Eliakim who\\nwas over the royal household, Shebner, the\\nscribe, and Joah the recorder, to meet the mes-\\nsengers of the king of Assyria. Rabshaker said\\nto Eliakim and his associates, Tell Hezekiah,\\nthus saith the great king of Assyria, What is\\nthis in which thou trustest Thou sayest, I\\nhave counsel and strength for war, but these are\\nvain words. On whom dost thou trust in thy\\nrebellions? Thou trustest in the staff of a\\nbruised reed, even Egypt. Pharaoh, king of\\nEgypt, is only a bruised reed. But if ye say,\\n1 We trust in the Lord our God, did not Heze-\\nkiah destroy his altars and High Places, saying,", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0154.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 131\\n6 Ye shall worship before the altar in Jerusalem\\nGive pledges to my lord, king of Assyria, and I\\nwill deliver to thee 2,000 horses, if thou art able\\nto set riders on them. How then wilt thou turn\\naway one captain of the least of my master s\\nservants and trust in Egypt for chariots and\\nhorses Am I come against this place to de-\\nstroy it The Lord said to me, Go against\\nthis land and destroy it.\\nEliakim said, Speak to thy servants in the\\nSyrian language, for we understand it, but do\\nnot address us in the Jew s language, in the ears\\nof the people on the wall. Rabshaker made\\nthe insulting reply, My master sent me to thy\\nmaster to speak those words, and not to the con-\\ntemptible people on the walls. The Assyrians\\nthen proclaimed with a loud voice in the lan-\\nguage of the Jews, Hear the word of the great\\nking of Assyria. Let not Hezekiah deceive you,\\nfor he is not able to deliver you out of my hands.\\nNeither make your boast in the Lord, that He\\nwill deliver you, and this city will not be taken.\\nHearken not to Hezekiah. Make an agreement\\nwith me, saith the king, by a present, and come\\nto me, and every man eat of his own vine and fig-\\ntree and drink the waters of his cistern, until I\\ncome and take your land so abundant in corn,\\nwine, bread, vineyards, olive oil and honey, that\\nye may live and not die. Hearken not to the", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0155.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "132 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nking of Judah who says, The Lord will deliver\\nus. Hath any gods of the nations delivered\\nthis land out of the hand of the king of Assyria\\nWhere are the gods of Hamath and other places\\nHave they delivered Samaria out of my hand\\nThe people were silent and made no reply to\\nthe insolent speech of Rabshaker, for Hezekiah\\nhad given orders not to answer him. The king s\\nmessengers came to him with their clothes rent\\nand told him what Rabshaker said, and when\\nthe king heard it, he rent his garment, put on\\nsackcloth and went into the house of the Lord.\\nHe sent Eliakim, Shebna, and certain other\\npriests clothed in sackcloth to the prophet\\nIsaiah, with the message, This is a day of\\ntrouble, but it may be the Lord thy God will\\nreprove the servant of the king of Assyria, there-\\nfore pray for us. When the priests came to\\nIsaiah, the prophet said, Be not afraid, saith\\nthe Lord, I will send a blast upon him and he\\nshall return to his own land and fall by the\\nsword.\\nRabshaker returned to his master who had\\nleft his camp at Lachish, and was fighting\\nagainst Libnah. He sent another message to\\nthe king of Judah saying, Let not thy God in\\nwhom you trust, deceive you. Thou hast heard\\nwhat the kings of Assyria have done. They\\nhave utterly destroyed other countries, and will", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0156.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 133\\nyou escape Did the gods deliver the nations\\nwhom my fathers destroyed\\nWhen Hezekiah received the letter at the hand\\nof the courier and read it, he went to the house\\nof the Lord, spread it before Him and offered the\\nprayer, O Lord God of Israel, who dwelleth be-\\ntween the cherubim, Thou art God alone of all\\nthe kingdoms of the earth, and the Creator of\\nthe heavens and the earth. Bow down Thine ear\\nand open Thine eyes. Hear the words of Sen-\\nnacharib who has reproached the Living God.\\nIt is true the kings of Assyria have destroyed\\nnations with their gods, the work of men s\\nhands. O Lord our God, I beseech Thee save\\nus out of his hands, that all the kings of the\\nearth may know Thou art the Lord God, even\\nThou only.\\nIsaiah sent the following message to Hezekiah,\\nThus saith the Lord God of Israel, that which\\nthou hast prayed for, I have heard. Then the\\nprophet foretold the overthrow of Sennacharib\\nand the safety of the king of Judah and his peo-\\nple. It came to pass that night, the angel of the\\nLord smote 185,000 men in the camp of the\\nAssyrians and in the morning this vast army lay\\ndead on the field. The king returned to Nineveh,\\nand as he was engaged in the worship of his god\\nMsroch in his temple, two of his sons killed him\\nwith the sword, and then fled to Armenia, and", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0157.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "134 BIBLE CHARACTER^.\\nEsarhadden, another of his sons succeeded him as\\nking.\\nHezekiah had passed through many dangers,\\nsome of them were imminent, yet his dominions\\nwere not secure against his adversary, the As-\\nsyrians, and naturally he wished to live until\\npeace and safety were secured for himself and his\\nsubjects, yet at this crisis he was prostrated by a\\nmortal disease, it was supposed, and must leave\\nhis public affairs unsettled. When lying upon\\nhis sick bed, Isaiah came to him with, a most\\nsolemn and startling message which was, Set\\nthy house in order, for thou shalt die, and not\\nlive. This was sad intelligence for the royal\\ninvalid, who, as he lay upon his bed, wept bitterly\\nand turned his face to the wall and offered the\\nfollowing prayer. I beseech Thee, O Lord, re-\\nmember me. I have tried to walk before Thee\\nin truth and a perfect heart, and do w r hat was\\nright in Thy sight. Before Isaiah left the court\\nof the palace, he received another communication\\nfrom the Lord, to return to the king, the captain\\nof My people and say to him, I have heard thy\\nprayer and seen thy tears. Behold, I will heal\\nthee, and on the third day thou shalt go to the\\nhouse of the Lord, and I will add fifteen years\\nto thy life and will deliver thee and this city\\nfrom, the king of Assyria for My own and My\\nservant David s sake.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0158.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 135\\nA remedy was to be applied, but Hezekiah\\ndoubted its efficiency and required a sign that the\\nprophet s words would come to pass. Isaiah gave\\nhim the choice of two signs, namely, that the\\nshadow on the dial of Ahaz would go forwards\\nor backwards ten degrees. Which should it be\\nHezekiah replied that it was a common thing for\\nthe shadow to go down ten degrees, but for it to\\nreturn back ten degrees would be a miracle,\\ntherefore he chose the latter, and it was granted.\\nWhen Berodak-Baladden, king of Babylon,\\nheard of the illness of Hezekiah, he sent letters\\nexpressing sympathy, perhaps, and a present to\\nhim, and the messengers were entertained by the\\nking who showed them all his treasures, compris-\\ning silver, gold, spices, precious ointment and\\neverything in his armory. There was nothing in\\nhis palace that he did not let them see, and noth-\\ning valuable in his dominions about which he did\\nnot inform them. This unusual display of wealth\\nwas prompted, doubtless, by pride and vanity,\\nsince the prophet reproved him for it. He in-\\nquired, what the messengers said and whence\\nthey come. The reply was, from a distant\\ncountry, even Babylon. And what have they\\nseen in thy house Everything, there is\\nnothing among my treasures I have not shown\\nthem. Hear the word of the Lord, said\\nIsaiah. The days will come when all that is in", "height": "4682", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0159.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "136 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthy house, and all thy father s stores, shall be\\ncarried to Babylon, and nothing will be left, and\\nthy sons shall be taken captives and appointed\\nservants in the palace of the king of Babylon.\\nHezekiah replied, Good is the word of the\\nLord if peace and truth be in my day.\\nAfter the king recovered from his illness, he\\ndevoted the fifteen years added to his life, in ef-\\nfecting reforms, and making improvements in his\\ndominions to protect them against the invasions\\nof foreign nations. After consulting his princes\\nand warriors, he repaired the old wall of Jeru-\\nsalem, which had been broken down, raised it\\nhigher, and built another wall about the first,\\nand stopped the fountains of water outside the\\ncity so that an enemy could not be supplied with\\nwater. He repaired Millo, a place where the\\npeople assembled on public occasions, and had a\\nlarge number of darts and shields made for the\\nsoldiers over whom he appointed captains.\\nHaving accomplished these defensive opera-\\ntions, he assembled the citizens at the gate of the\\ncity and addressed them saying, Be strong and\\ncourageous. Be not afraid of the king of Assyria\\nnor his large army, for with us is the Lord our\\nGod to help and fight our battles and the people\\nwere much encouraged by his address. Hezekiah\\nwas highly honored for the reforms and improve-\\nments he accomplished in the kingdom of Judah,", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0160.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "St John and St. Peter.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0161.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0162.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 137\\nthough laboring under great discouragements\\nand almost insurmountable difficulties, and it is a\\nremarkable instance of his firm religious prin-\\nciples, that he was the son of a* wicked king.\\nThe sacred writers represent death as a sleep, an\\nintimation that they believed in a future resur-\\nrection from the grave. It is said that he slept\\nwith his fathers and was buried in the chief\\nsepulchre of the sons of David, while all his sub-\\njects paid him great honor.\\nManasseh, son and successor of Hezekiah, be-\\ngan his reign at the age of twelve, and continued\\nhis government, fifty-five years, the longest\\nperiod of any of the kings of Judah. Unlike his\\nfather, he was an idolater in the early period of\\nhis reign, and restored the worship of false gods,\\nrebuilt the High Places his father had broken\\ndown, erected altars to Baal and worshipped the\\nheavenly bodies. He erected altars in the house\\nof the Lord for offerings to heathen divinities,\\nand presented his children in the valley of Hin-\\nnom as burnt-sacrifices. He used enchantments\\nand witchcraft, dealt with familiar spirits and\\nwizards, placed a carved image in the house of\\nthe Lord and corrupted his subjects so they were\\nworse than heathen nations. It is said, He\\nshed innocent blood until he filled Jerusalem\\nfrom one end to another.\\nThe Lord admonished Manasseh and his sub-", "height": "4683", "width": "2995", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0163.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "138 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\njects by the prophets, but they would not\\nhearken, therefore, He sent the Assyrians to\\nchastise them, when the prophet delivered in\\nsubstance the following message: Because\\nManasseh has surpassed the Ammonites in wicked-\\nness and has caused Judah to sin, therefore, thus\\nsaith the Lord, I will bring evil upon Jerusalem\\nand Judah that whoever heareth it, his ears shall\\ntingle, I will wipe Jerusalem as one wipeth a\\ndish, turning it upside down, and I will forsake\\nthe remnant of my inheritance and deliver them\\ninto the hands of their enemies and they shall\\nbecome their prey and spoil.\\nWhen the kingdom of Judah was invaded by\\nthe Assyrians, Manasseh was taken, bound with\\nfetters, and carried off a prisoner. This calamity\\nled him to repent of his wickedness, and when\\nhe was released from captivity, he returned to\\nJerusalem and began to make improvements at\\nthe capital. He constructed a stronger wall\\naround the city, and placed officers in all the\\nfortified places of Judah. He removed the false\\ngods and their altars, he had erected and re-\\npaired the altar of the Lord, offered sacrifices\\nand commanded the people of Judah to serve\\nthe Lord God of Israel. However, they con-\\ntinued to offer sacrifices in High Places, though\\nonly to the Lord.\\nThe history of Manasseh, it has been said, is", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0164.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 139\\nan impressive illustration of Divine mercy and\\nforbearance. After his death, he was buried in\\nthe garden of his own house.\\nThe successor of Manasseh to the throne of\\nJudah, was Amon, his son, who was twenty-two\\nwhen he began to reign, but he continued in\\npower only two years. He followed the example\\nof his father before Manasseh s reformation, and\\nwas regarded as one of the wicked kings. His\\nservants formed a conspiracy and slew him in\\nhis palace, and his son Josiah was elected king,\\nbut the people put to death the conspirators.\\nIt frequently occurred that a righteous and\\nsuccessful sovereign, was the son and, successor\\nof a wicked and inefficient one, and vice versa, a\\nfact which suggests the idea that the moral and\\nintellectual faculties are not hereditary. Per-\\nhaps with the Hebrew kings, something was due\\nto the training of the royal princes. They were,\\ndoubtless, kept secluded from public affairs and\\ntrained by teachers of widely different moral and\\nintellectual qualifications, therefore many of the\\nprinces were utterly unprepared by any previous\\ntraining, to assume the reins of government when\\ncalled to the responsible office.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0165.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEE XL\\nJGSIAH, JEH0AHAZ, JEHOIAKIM, JEHOIACHIN OK\\nJECONIAH, ZEDEKIAH.\\nJosiah, son of Anion, succeeded his father, on\\nthe throne of Judah, at the age of eight years,\\nand reigned thirty-one years. He early mani-\\nfested a respect for the doctrines of the eminent\\nlawgiver of his nation, in opposition to the prac-\\ntices of many of his predecessors. He was\\nchosen king at a very important and critical pe-\\nriod in his nation s history, B. c. 640. The king-\\ndom of Israel had been overthrown by the Assy-\\nrians, B. c. 727, and Nebuchadnezzar, king of\\nBabylon, had extended his conquests and brought\\nunder his authority, a large part of the East. It\\nis not known who acted as regent during the\\nearly years of the boy king of Judah, but it may\\nhave been Jedidah his mother w^ho probably\\ntrained her son in the religion of the patriarchs.\\nWhen Josiah was nearly sixteen years of age,\\nhe began to arrange his plans for reforms in his\\ndominions, and to adopt measures for the restora-\\ntion of the worship of Jehovah, and at the age\\nof twenty, he vigorously pursued the accomplish-\\n140", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0166.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 141\\nment of his purpose. His first effort was to\\nabolish idolatry in Jerusalem, and then in other\\nparts of his kingdom, by destroying the idols\\nand altars dedicated to the worship of heathen\\ngods. At the age of twenty-six, the restoration\\nof the worship of the Supreme Divinity and the\\nregular services of the temple, were nearly ac-\\ncomplished, and while carrying forward the\\nwork, the Book of the Law which had been con-\\ncealed in the house of God, was discovered.\\nThis copy of the Sacred Writings may have been\\nconcealed by some priest to save it from destruc-\\ntion during the reign of an idolatrous king.\\nWhen informed of the contents of the Book,\\nJosiah determined to follow its directions and\\nobserve the festivals commanded by Moses, which\\nhad been neglected. He provided means for the\\nrepairs of the house of God, and the silver con-\\ntributed for this purpose was counted by Hilkiah\\nthe high priest, and delivered to the overseers\\nof the work, who gave it to the carpenters, ma-\\nsons, and other workmen, to purchase timber\\nand hewn stone for the repair of the temple,\\nthough no account of the amount delivered was\\nkept, because they dealt faithfully, it is said.\\nA more definite account of the discovery is as\\nfollows While the work of repairs was going\\nforward, the high priest said to Shaphan, the\\nscribe, I have found the Book of the Law in", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0167.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "142 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthe house of the Lord. The scribe took it to\\nthe king and read it, and when Josiah heard\\nwhat was written, he rent his clothes as a sign\\nof grief and called the high priest with others\\nto inquire of the Lord for himself and his subjects\\nconcerning the words of the Book, for said he,\\nThe wrath of the Lord is against us, because\\nour fathers have not done all that is written\\ntherein.\\nHilkiah and his associates went to Huldah, the\\nprophetess, who dwelt in the college at Jerusa-\\nlem, and consulted with her. She said the Lord\\nwould bring evil upon Jerusalem and the people\\nbecause they have forsaken Him for other gods,\\nbut to the king of Judah say, Because thy heart\\nwas tender, and thou hast humbled thyself before\\nMe, I will gather thee to thy fathers in peace\\nand thou shalt not see the evil I will bring upon\\nthis place.\\nThe king, after hearing this message, sum-\\nmoned all the elders, priests, prophets, the inhab-\\nitants of Jerusalem, and the people of other\\nplaces, both old and young, and read to them the\\nBook of the Covenant found in the house of the\\nLord. After this instructive exercise, the king\\nstood by one of the pillars of the Temple, and\\nmade a solemn covenant before the Lord to keep\\nHis commandments with all the heart and soul,\\nand the people stood b}^ the covenant. Josiah", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0168.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 143\\nI\\ncommanded the priests and the porters to bring\\nout of the temple all the vessels for Baal, the em-\\nblems of the grove and the heavenly bodies and\\nburn them without the gates of Jerusalem in the\\nfield of Kedron, and carry the ashes to Bethel.\\nHe removed from office all the priests who had\\noffered incense to I aal, the sun, moon, and\\nplanets, and brought the grove as a sacred em-\\nblem from the house of the Lord, burned it and\\ncast the ashes upon the graves of the dead. He\\noverthrew the houses of the Sodomites where the\\nwomen made hangings for the grove, and defiled\\nthe High Places where the priests had burned in-\\ncense to false gods, and also degraded Tophet in\\nthe valley of- Hinnom, where parents offered\\ntheir children a burnt-sacrifice to the god Moloch.\\nHe removed the temples consecrated to the sun,\\ndestroyed the altars and many other relics of\\nidolatry. The altar at Bethel, erected by Jero-\\nboam for the worship of the golden calves, was\\ndestroyed, and when Josiah saw the sepulchres\\nin the mount, he removed the bones of the dead\\nand burned them, as had been predicted by one\\nof the prophets. What is that I see inquired\\nthe king. It is the sepulchre of the man of\\nGod who came from Judah and proclaimed what\\nthou hast done against the altar at Bethel, was\\nthe answer. Let it remain, said Josiah there-\\nfore they did not molest his remains.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0169.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "144 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nThe reforms of Josiah were more thorough\\nthan those of any of his predecessors, but his zeal\\nled him to do some things that seemed cruel for\\ninstance, he slew all the priests in Samaria who\\nhad offered sacrifices in High Places, but it may\\nhave been necessary to protect the people of\\nJudah against idolatry. Josiah had superin-\\ntended his reforms in person, and had visited dif-\\nferent parts of his kingdom, but after he had\\naccomplished his work, he returned to Jerusalem.\\nFrequent wars occurred between the Egyptians\\nand the Assyrians, before the conquest of the\\nlatter power, and in one instance the conflict\\nlasted more than twenty years, when Egypt was\\ninvaded and her cities laid waste, but she finally\\nregained her liberty, when Assyria was engaged\\nin a war with Babylon and Elam. Pharaoh\\nNecho II., king of Egypt, with a powerful army\\nbegan an expedition in quest of adventure, B. c.\\n608, and marched through Palestine, the common\\nhighway for armies in their warlike excursions\\nbetween the Mle and the great rivers of Asia.\\nHe encountered no opposition until he reached\\nthe plain of Esdraelon, one of the famous battle-\\nfields of the world, when he was unexpectedly\\nopposed by the forces of Josiah.\\nNecho II. sent ambassadors to him with the\\nmessage, What have I to do with thee, king of\\nJudah I am not against thee, but the people", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0170.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 145\\nwith whom I am at war, according to the com-\\nmand of God. Forbear meddling with Him, that\\nHe may not destroy thee. Josiah did not re-\\ngard the admonition of the king of Egypt but\\nfought against him in the second battle of Me-\\ngiddo on the plain of Esdraelon, and was mor-\\ntally wounded by the archers, when he told his\\nservants to remove him from the battlefield.\\nThey took him from his chariot, and placing him\\nin another, brought him to Jerusalem, where,\\n*after his death, he was buried in the sepulchre\\nof his fathers, and all his subjects throughout\\nJudea mourned for him. Songs and elegies were\\ncomposed in reference to his death, which were\\nused for a long time after.\\nWhy Josiah should attack the army of the\\nEgyptians that had given him no cause for such\\nan act, is not apparent, but it was a fatal mistake\\nfor himself and a serious one for his subjects,\\nsince his kingdom was made tributary to the\\nconquerors. Josiah died but a short period be-\\nfore the conquest of the kingdom of Judah by\\nthe Babylonians and the captivity of the people\\nfor seventy years, beginning B. c. 588 or 586,\\nabout one hundred and thirty-six years after that\\nof the ten tribes of Israel, their relatives and\\nneighbors, by the Ass} r rians. Josiah was suc-\\nceeded at the early age of thirty-nine years by\\nhis son Jehoahaz.", "height": "4683", "width": "2996", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0171.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "146 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nJehoahaz, son and successor of Josiah, reigned\\nonly three months, and was then twenty-three\\nyears d\u00c2\u00a5 age. He was inclined to follow the ex-\\nample of the unrighteous kings who preceded\\nhim. Necho, king of Egypt, invaded the king-\\ndom of Judah, laid it under tribute, took Jehoa-\\nhaz a prisoner, appointed Eliakim his brother\\nking and changed his name, to Jehoiakim. He\\nwas twenty-five when he began to reign, and\\ncontinued his rule eleven years, but he did not\\nfollow the example of his father, Josiah. Dur-\\ning his reign, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon,\\ninvaded the kingdom of Judah, took the king\\nprisoner, bound him with fetters and carried him\\nto Babylon, together with the sacred vessels of\\nthe house of the Lord, which he placed in his\\ntemple at his capital.\\nWhen Nebuchadnezzar first invaded Judah,\\nthe king became tributary, but after three years\\nJehoiakim rebelled. This involved him in trou-\\nble, of course, and brought upon himself and na-\\ntion great dangers. Besides the perils from the\\nChaldeans, he was threatened by the Syrians,\\nMoabites, and Ammonites. These disasters were\\nsent to the people of Judah, it is said as a pun-\\nishment for the sins of Manasseh. After the\\ndeath of Jehoiakim, he was succeeded by his son\\nJehoiachin or Jeconiah at the age of eighteen,\\nwho reigned only three months and ten days.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0172.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH. 147\\nDuring his brief reign, Nebuchadnezzar came\\nagain to Jerusalem, besieged it, and took Jehoia-\\nchin, his mother and servants, princes and of-\\nficers, prisoners, with all the treasures of the\\nhouse of the Lord, and the king s house, cut in\\npieces all the vessels of gold Solomon had placed\\nin the Temple and carried them to Babylon, to-\\ngether with the craftsmen and smiths, and 10,000\\ncaptives, leaving none but the poorer classes. The\\nking of Babylon appointed Mattaniah king of the\\nremnant left in Judea, and changed his name to\\nZedekiah who was then twenty-one years of age.\\nHe occupied the throne eleven years, but he very\\nimprudently rebelled against the king of Baby-\\nlon, which brought him to Jerusalem to which\\nhe laid siege, and in the eleventh year of Zede-\\nkiah s reign it was captured. When the king of\\nJuclah was aware of his peril, he fled from the\\ncity by night, but the Chaldeans pursued and\\novertook him on the plain of Jericho, all his sol-\\ndiers or guard having deserted him. The Baby-\\nlonians brought him to Kiblah, the headquarters\\nof the king of Babylon, when a fearful judgment\\nwas passed upon him. He was compelled to\\nwitness the death of his sons by the hand of his\\ncaptors, after which they put out his eyes, bound\\nhim with fetters of brass, and carried him a pris-\\noner to Babylon. The captain of Nebuchad-\\nnezzar s guard burned the house of the Lord at", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0173.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "148 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nJerusalem, and the dwellings of the leading men,\\nthrew down the walls of Jerusalem, broke in\\npieces the pillars of brass and the brazen sea and\\ncarried off the pieces together with the sacred\\nvessels, and everything which could be removed.\\nHe then took the priests, the porter of the house\\nof the Lord, five of the king s guards, the princi-\\npal scribe who marshalled the people, and sixty\\nother persons and conducted them to the king of\\nBabylon at Eiblah, where they were all slain, and\\nthe king and people of Judah that survived, were\\nmade captives.\\nThere was a change in the government of\\nBabylon during the thirtieth year of the captiv-\\nity when the new sovereign, Evil-merodach, re-\\nleased Jehoiachin from prison, spoke kindly to\\nhim, changed his prison garments, set him on a\\nthrone above other captive princes, and gave\\nhim a daily allowance of food for the remainder\\nof his days. The Jews remained in captivity\\nseventy years, and at the close of this period\\nwhen the Persians had overthrown the Babylon-\\nian empire, they were allowed to return to their\\nnative land, as many of them as chose to do so,\\nand rebuild Jerusalem their capital city, which\\nremained in their possession until the Roman\\nconquest in the early period of the present era,\\nThe period occupied by the kingdom of Judah,\\nafter the secession, was four hundred and four", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0174.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF JUDAH.\\n149\\nand one-half years, during which there were\\ntwenty sovereigns including Athaliah the queen\\nand an interregnum of eleven years. The names\\nof several kings of Judah and those of the kings\\nof Israel were the same, a circumstance liable to\\ncause some perplexity, but the list of kings for\\neach nation, and the length of their reigns will\\nrelieve the difficulty.\\nThe Sovereigns of Judah.\\n1.\\nRehoboam,\\nReigned 17 years.\\n2.\\nAbijah or Abijam,\\n3\\n3.\\nAsa,\\na 41 a\\n4.\\nJehoshaphat,\\n25\\n5.\\nJoram or Jehoram,\\nIf g u\\n6.\\nAhaziah or Azariah,\\n1\\n7.\\nAthaliah, Queen,\\nit 6 tt\\n8.\\nJoash or Jehoash,\\n40\\n9.\\nAmaziah,\\n29\\nIXTEEEEGNUM,\\n11\\n10.\\nUzziah or Azariah,\\n11 52\\n11.\\nJotham,\\n16 u\\n12.\\nAhaz,\\n16\\n13.\\nHezekiah,\\n11 29\\n14.\\nManasseh,\\n55\\n15.\\nAnion,\\n2\\n16.\\nJosiah,\\nii 31 ii\\n17.\\nJehoahaz,\\n11 3 months.\\n18.\\nJehoiakim,\\n11 years.\\n19.\\nJehoiachin or Jeconiah,\\n3 mo. and 10 dys\\n20.\\nZedekiah,\\nThe Captivity.\\n11 years.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0175.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "150 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nThe Prophets of Judah after the Secession.\\n1. Shernaiah, during the reign of Rehoboam and Abijah.\\n2. Oded, during the reign of Asa.\\n3. Azariah, during the reign of Asa.\\n4. Hanani, during the reign of Asa.\\n5. Jehu, son of Hanani, during the reign of Asa.\\n6. Eliezer, during the reign of Jehoshaphat.\\n7. Jahaziel, during the reign of Joram or Jehoram.\\n8. Zechariah I., during the reign of Amaziah.\\n9. Zechariah II., during the reign of Uzziah or Azariah.\\n10. Isaiah, during the reign of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Heze-\\nkiah.\\n11. Micah, during the reign of Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah.\\n12. Nahum, during tne reign of Hezekiah (supposed)\\n13. Joel, during the reign of Manasseh, Anion (supposed).\\n14. Jeremiah, during the reign of Josiah.\\n15. Habakkuk, during the reign of Jehoahaz (supposed).\\n16. Zephaniah, during the reign of Jehoiakim.\\n17. Ezekiel, during the captivity of Jehoiakim.\\n18. Daniel, during the reign of Zedekiah.\\n19. Obadiah, during the reign of Zedekiah (supposed).\\n20. Haggai, after the captivity.\\n21. Zechariah III., after the captivity.\\n22. Nehemiah, after the captivity.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0176.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "The Kings of Israel.\\nCHAPTER XII.\\nJEROBOAM I., NADAB, BAASHA, ELAH, ZIMRI,\\nOMRI.\\nThe history of the remarkable man who\\nfounded the Kingdom of Israel and became its\\nfirst sovereign, after the secession, is interesting,\\neventful and romantic, but sad, since he has the\\nreputation of being the oi*e who made Israel\\nsin, by instituting the worship of the golden\\ncalves, at Dan and Bethel.\\nJeroboam, son of Nebat, was a native of Zereda,\\na place belonging to the tribe of Ephraim. He\\nwas bold and shrewd, enterprising, and un-\\nscrupulous, and on account of his qualities, he\\nwon the attention of King Solomon, who con-\\nsidered the young man a suitable person to levy\\ncertain taxes on the tribes of Ephraim and\\nManasseh, therefore he was appointed ruler over\\nthese descendants of Joseph. While on his way\\nfrom Jerusalem to attend to his duties, dressed\\n151", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0177.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "152 BIBLE CHABACTEBS.\\nin a new garment or mantle, he was met by the\\nprophet Ahijah, and when the two men were\\nalone in the field, the man of God caught hold of\\nthe mantle of Jeroboam and rent it into twelve\\npieces, then said to him, Take ten pieces, for\\nthus saith the Lord God of Israel, I will rend the\\nkingdom from Solomon and give ten tribes to\\nthee, because he has forsaken me and has wor-\\nshipped the gods of the Zidonians, Moabites, and\\nAmmonites, and has not kept my laws, as David\\nkept them. However, I will not take the whole\\nkingdom out of his hands, but will make him\\nprince during his life, for David s sake. I will\\ngive thee ten tribes and thou shalt reign king over\\nIsrael. If thou wilt keep my commandments, I\\nwill be with thee and establish thee in thy king-\\ndom.\\nWhen Solomon was informed of the message of\\nAhijah, he attempted to take the life of Jero-\\nboam, but being aware of his danger, he escaped\\nto Egypt, where he remained until the death of\\nhis enemy, and when he heard that Rehoboam\\nhad succeeded his father in the government,\\nJeroboam returned to Palestine, and with a num-\\nber of the leading men he appeared at court and\\noffered a petition for the relief of some of their\\nburdens, but the king, very injudiciously, not\\nonly refused to lessen their burdens, but declared\\nthat he would increase them. This caused ten", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0178.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 153\\ntribes to revolt and elect Jeroboam for their\\nking, but he soon forgot or set aside the obliga-\\ntion he owed the Lord who gave him the king-\\ndom, and thought only of advancing his own in-\\nterests.\\nIt was important in order to secure their alle-\\ngiance, to prevent his subjects from going to\\nJerusalem to offer sacrifices and observe the an-\\nnual festivals, for were they allowed to do so,\\nthey would be inclined, perhaps, to return to the\\nhouse of David. To prevent this, the shrewd\\npolitician caused two golden calves to be made\\nand placed, one in Dan and the other in Bethel,\\nthe extreme limits of his dominions, and issued a\\nproclamation to be circulated throughout his\\nkingdom, that none of his subjects should go to\\nJerusalem to worship, and directing their atten-\\ntion to the calves he said, Behold thy gods,\\nIsrael, which brought thee out of Egypt.\\nJeroboam erected temples and ordained priests\\nfrom the lowest classes, not of the tribe of Levi,\\naccording to the law, and appointed priests for\\nthe High Places, where idols were worshipped.\\nHe instituted festivals similar to those required\\nby the Mosaic law, and offered sacrifices upon\\naltars dedicated to his gods. As Jeroboam stood\\nby the altar at Bethel to burn incense, on a cer-\\ntain occasion, a man of God who came from\\nJudah exclaimed, O altar altar thus saith the", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0179.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "154 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nLord, Behold a child shall be born to the house\\nof David, Josiah by name, who shall offer priests\\nand burn men s bones upon the altar, and as a\\nsign that he the man of God was pro-\\nclaiming the will of the Lord, the altar shall be\\nrent and the ashes shall be scattered.\\nWhen Jeroboam heard the words of the\\nprophet, he attempted to seize him, but as he ex-\\ntended his hand, it became paralyzed and the\\naltar was rent as the man of God had predicted.\\nJeroboam said, Entreat the Lord thy God that\\nmy hand may be restored. The prophet offered\\na prayer as requested, when his hand was re-\\nstored to its use. Come home with me and\\ndine, and I will give thee a reward, said Jero-\\nboam. The prophet replied, If thou wilt give\\nme half of thy house, I will not go with thee,\\nneither will I eat bread nor drink water in this\\nplace, for so it was charged me by the word of\\nthe Lord therefore he departed by another\\nroad and returned not by Bethel.\\nThere lived in this town an aged prophet, and\\nhis sons came and told him what the man of God\\nhad done, and the words he spake to Jeroboam,\\nwhen their father inquired which way he went,\\nand ordered them to saddle the ass, when he rode\\nto seek the man of God, and found him sitting\\nunder an oak tree. He inquired, Art thou the\\nman of God who came from Judah He said,", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0180.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 155\\nI am. Come home with me and eat bread.\\nI cannot return, he replied, for I was told by\\nthe word of the Lord not to eat or drink here,\\nnor return by the way I came.\\nThe aged man said, I am a prophet, and an\\nangel told me to bring the messenger from Judah\\nback to my house that he may eat and drink.\\nThis old prophet uttered a falsehood, and the\\nman being deceived, returned with him. As\\nthey sat at the table, the host said to his guest,\\nAs thou hast disobeyed the Lord, thy body\\nshall not be buried in the sepulchre of thy\\nfathers. After they had finished their meal,\\nthe old prophet saddled the ass of his visitor,\\nwhen he departed, but as he was on his way, a\\nlion met and killed him, but left his body with\\nthat of the ass in the road, and stood by them.\\nThose passing by and seeing the dead man went\\nto the city and related the incident, when the\\naged prophet, who was the cause of the disaster,\\nsaid, It was the man who was disobedient to\\nthe word of the Lord, therefore he was slain by\\nthe lion. He said to his sons, Saddle for me\\nthe ass, when he went and found the remains of\\nthe man from Judah and the lion standing by\\nthem. He took up the dead man, placed him\\nupon an ass, and bringing him to the city, laid\\nhim in his own tomb and mourned over him,\\nsaying, Alas, my brother. He then told his", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0181.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "156 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nsons to bury him after his death, beside his\\nremains. The prophecy concerning the altar at\\nBethel and the High Places in the cities of\\nSamaria, shall certainly come to pass.\\nAbijah, Jeroboam s son, was sick, and the\\nfather told his wife to disguise herself that it\\nmight not be known who she was, and go to\\nJShiloh and seek for Ahijah the prophet, who had\\ninformed him that he should be king of Israel,\\nand inquire about the result of the illness of his\\n\u00e2\u0082\u00achild. Take ten loaves and cracknels (or biscuit),\\nand a cruse of honey, and he will tell thee what\\nwill happen to our son.\\nJeroboam s wife followed his directions and\\ncame to the house of Ahijah, at Shiloh. On\\naccount of his advanced age, the prophet had\\nlost his sight, but the Lord said to him, The\\nwife of Jeroboam cometh to thee about her son\\nwho is sick, but she will pretend to be another\\nwoman.\\nWhen Ahijah heard her footsteps, he said,\\nCome in, thou wife of Jeroboam. Why do you\\npretend to be another person I have for thee\\nheavy tidings. Go tell Jeroboam thus saith the\\nLord God of Israel, Though I have exalted thee\\na prince over my people Israel, and have rent the\\nkingdom from the house of David, and have\\ngiven it to thee, yet thou hast not been as my\\nservant David who kept my commandments with", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0182.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 157\\nall his heart, but thou hast done evil above all\\nthat were before thee, and hast gone after other\\ngods, therefore, I will utterly destroy the house\\nof Jeroboam. Go to thy home, and when you\\nenter the city, the child will die, and he only\\nshall come in peace to the grave of his family.\\nThe Lord shall smite Israel and scatter them\\nbeyond the Kiver (Euphrates) because of the sins\\nof Jeroboam, who led Israel astray. Jero-\\nboam s wife returned to Tirzah, where her hus-\\nband awaited her, and as soon as she came to the\\ndoor of his house, the child died.\\nJeroboam did not reform his life, and after a\\nreign of twenty-two years, he died and was suc-\\nceeded by his son Nadab, as king of Israel.\\nThere is no one of the kings of Israel, perhaps,\\nwho is so responsible for the degeneracy of his\\nnation as Jeroboam. He established idolatry\\nand heathen practices in his kingdom, not from\\nconscientious motives, but from selfishness. He\\nis frequently charged with the fearful crime of\\ncausing Israel to sin, referring to their religious\\npractices.\\nThe second king of Israel was JSTaclab, son of\\nJeroboam, whose reign continued only two years,\\nbut he followed the heathen practices of his\\nfather. Few public events during his reign are\\nrecorded, and his death was tragical. There was\\na war between the Israelites and the Philistines,", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0183.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "158 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ntheir near neighbors, and Nadab laid siege to\\nGribbethon, one of their cities. While besieging\\nthis city, the king of Israel was assassinated by\\nBaasha, son of Ahijah, of the tribe of Issacher.\\nAfter the murder of Nadab, Baasha seized the\\ngovernment of Israel and smote all the family of\\nJeroboam, not sparing a single member, accord-\\ning to the word of the prophet Ahijah the\\nShilonite.\\nDuring Baasha s reign, which continued twenty-\\nfour years, there was a war between him and Asa,\\nking of Judah. To prevent any of his subjects\\nfrom deserting to the king of Judah, the king of\\nIsrael built Ramah as a fortified town, and prob-\\nably placed a garrison there to hold it. Ramah\\nor Rama was the name of several cities in Pales-\\ntine. There was one about thirty miles north-\\nwest of Jerusalem, on the road to Joppa, and\\nwas probably the one mentioned in this narrative.\\nBaasha formed an alliance with Ben-hadad,\\nking of Syria, and made Tirzah, a city of Eph-\\nraim, his capital and the royal seat of the kings\\nof Israel, from the time of Jeroboam to that of\\nOmri, who built Samaria for the capital of the\\nkingdom of Israel.\\nAs Baasha was disposed to follow the example\\nof Jeroboam, Jehu, the son of Hanani, delivered\\na prophecy against him, as follows Though I\\nexalted thee from the dust, and made thee prince", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0184.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL, 159\\nover my people Israel, yet thou lias walked in\\nthe way \u00c2\u00b0f Jeroboam, therefore I will remove\\nthee and thy posterity, and make thy house like\\nthat of Jeroboam, and him that dieth of the\\nfamily of Baasha in the city, shall the dogs eat,\\nand him that dieth in the fields, shall the fowls\\nof the air eat.\\nA brief summary of the reign of this king is as\\nfollows He was the commander of the armies of\\nKing Nadab, whom he treacherously murdered\\nat the siege of Gibbethon, and assumed the gov-\\nernment of Israel, which he ruled twenty-four\\nyears, and during that time, formed a league with\\nthe king of Syria, and carried on a war with the\\nking of Judah, and put to death all the family of\\nJeroboam. He, however, followed the wicked ex-\\nample of his predecessors, but unlike many of\\nthem, was saved from a violent death.\\nElah, son of Baasha, succeeded, his father and\\nreigned two years with his capital at Tirzah. As\\nhe was indulging in a drunken revel, in the\\nhouse of Arza, his steward, Zimri, a captain of\\nhis chariots, entered the banquet hall, slew the\\nking and seized the government. As soon as he\\nhad accomplished his purpose, he destroyed all the\\nfamily of Baasha as the prophet Jehu had pre-\\ndicted. He reigned only seven days, the shortest\\nreign of any of the kings of Israel.\\nWhen the people of Israel at the siege of Gib-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0185.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "160 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nbethon heard that Zimri had slain Elah, they\\nelected Omri captain of the army, in the camp,\\nwhen he, with his followers, left Gibbethon and\\nlaid siege to Tirzah. As soon as Zimri saw that\\nthe city was taken, he went into the royal palace\\nand set fire to it, burning the house and himself\\nwith it. Thus ended the life of the traitor and\\nmurderer, after exercising royal authority only\\nseven days.\\nThere was a division, however, among the\\ntribes of Israel in regard to the succession, a\\npart choosing Tibni, son of Ginath, for king, and\\na. part preferred Omri. The controversy might\\nhave led to a civil war, had not Tibni died. His\\ndecease left the kingdom to Omri, who has the\\nreputation of doing worse than any of his prede-\\ncessors. He reigned twelve years and during\\nthat time he made some important changes.\\nTirzah was his capital for the first six years of his\\nreign, but at the end of that period, he purchased\\nthe hill of Samaria of Shemer for two talents of\\nsilver, and built *a city on the hill which he\\nnamed Samaria after the original owner, and\\nmade it his capital, when it became the metropolis\\nof the Israelites until their captivity and disper\\nsion. After his death, Omri was buried in\\nSamaria, and was succeeded by Ahab, his son.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0186.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "Si\\n1", "height": "4683", "width": "3169", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0187.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0188.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEK XIII.\\nAHAB.\\nOne of the most prominent sovereigns of\\nIsrael, was Ahab, son of Omri, who is represented\\nas exceeding in wickedness all those who reigned\\nbefore him. His reign of twenty-two years was\\nmemorable for some events connected with the\\nhistory of the prophet Elijah. Some of the\\ncharges against Ahab as recorded by the sacred\\nwriters are, that he married Jezebel, a shrewd\\nbut wicked heathen princess, a daughter of the\\nking of the Zidonians. She exercised a power-\\nful influence over the king of Israel who led him\\nto worship Baal, to whom he built a temple,\\nerected an altar, and planted a grove for the\\nworship of false gods.\\nDuring the reign of Ahab, three different wars\\noccurred between the Syrians and the Israelites.\\nBen-hadad, king of Syria, on a certain occasion,\\nwith a powerful army of cavalry and chariots,\\naccompanied by thirty-two confederate kings\\nwith their forces, invaded the kingdom of Israel,\\nand besieged Samaria. He first sent a threaten-\\ning and insulting message to Ahab with a menace\\n161", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0189.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "162 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nof great destruction unless he submitted to his\\nterms, when the king of Israel uttered the\\nproverb often quoted, Let not him that girdeth\\non his harness, boast himself, as he that putteth\\nit off.\\nWhen Ben-hadad heard this message, he said\\nto his confederates, Set yourselves in array\\nagainst the city, meaning Sanjaria. His pur-\\npose was to take it by storm.\\nAt this aspect of affairs, the king of Israel was\\ndoubtful about the result of the siege, when a\\nprophet came to him with the encouraging mes-\\nsage that the Israelites would conquer, and that\\nthe Lord was their Deliverer. Ahab inquired by\\nwhom the victory would be won. The answer\\nwas, Ify the princes of the provinces. And\\nwho shall command the troops The reply\\nwas, Thou. The king mustered the princes\\nand found they numbered 230, while the soldiers,\\ncapable of bearing arms, included 7,000, a very\\nsmall force to meet so formidable a host as the\\nSyrians.\\nWhen Ben-hadad was indulging in a drunken\\nfeast with the thirty-two confederate kings, in\\ntheir tents or pavilions, he was told the Israelites\\nwere coming. He said, Whether they come for\\npeace or war, take them alive. The soldiers of\\nAhab made an attack upon the Syrians, killing\\ngreat numbers, while the remainder fled, pursued", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0190.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 163\\nby the conquerors, and the king escaped on horse-\\nback accompanied by his cavalry. Ben-hadad,\\nthough defeated, did not relinquish his purpose of\\nsubduing the Israelites, therefore a prophet came\\nto Ahab saying, Strengthen thyself and see\\nwhat thou doest, for the king of Syria will make\\nanother attack. The subjects of the Syrian\\nmonarch said to him, The gods of the Israelites\\nare gods of the hills, therefore are stronger than\\nwe are. Let us fight them in the plain, and surely\\nwe shall win the victory. Remove the kings\\nfrom the army and place captains in their posi-\\ntions. Go immediately and raise an army like\\nthe one lost, horse for horse, and chariot for\\nchariot, then we shall conquer. The king ap-\\nproved their plan and at the beginning of the\\nyear, marched to Aphek to fight the Israelites.\\nThe latter compared to the enemy were like\\ntwo little flocks of kids, as it is expressed,\\nwhile the Syrians, on adcount of their numbers,\\noccupied the entire region in the vicinity of\\nAphek.\\nA prophet came to the king of Israel, with the\\nmessage Thus saith the Lord, Because the Syr-\\nians said, u The Lord is God of the hills and not of\\nthe valleys, I will deliver this great multitude\\ninto thy hands. The contending forces en-\\ncamped opposite each other several days, both,\\napparently, reluctant to begin the conflict, but", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0191.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "164 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\non the seventh day the battle began, when the\\nSyrians were defeated, losing 100,000 infantry\\nand the remainder fled to Aphek, when the walls\\nof the city fell upon the fighters killing 27,000,\\nmaking the entire loss 127,000. Ben-hadad fled\\nand concealed himself in a chamber when his\\nscouts, or perhaps, bodyguard said to him, The\\nkings of Israel are merciful. Let us put on sack-\\ncloth and with ropes on our heads, go to Ahab,\\nperhaps he will save our lives. 5 This advice was\\nfollowed.\\nWhen the king of Israel heard that Ben-hadad\\nwas alive, he said, He is my brother conduct\\nhim to me, when Ahab invited him to a seat in\\nhis chariot. The captive said to his conqueror,\\nThe cities my father took from thy father, I\\nwill restore, and thou shalt occupy streets in\\nDamascus, as my father did in Samaria. Ahab\\nreleased his prisoner and made a covenant with\\nhim and sent him to his own country.\\nA prophet in disguise waited for Ahab, and as\\nhe passed by said to the king, When thy\\nservant was in the army, one was brought to\\nhim as a prisoner, and I was told to keep him\\nsafe for if he is missing, thy life shall be given\\nfor his, or thou shalt pay a talent of silver (per-\\nhaps between $1,000 and $2,000). When thy\\nservant was busy, here and there, the prisoner\\nescaped. The king said, So shall thy judg-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0192.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "TEE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 165\\nment be. Thou hast decided it. When the\\nmessenger had removed his disguise, Ahab recog-\\nnized him as a prophet and expected to hear\\nsome prediction, which was, Thus saith the\\nLord, Because thou hast let this man (Ben-\\nhadad) go who w x as appointed to be destroyed,\\nthy life shall be given for his, and thy people for\\nhis people. Ahab went to his palace sad and\\ndispleased and soon came to Samaria, the capital\\nof his dominions.\\nNaboth, an inhabitant of the city of Jezreel,\\nowned a vineyard near the king s palace, and\\nAhab thought it would be a desirable place for a\\ngarden, therefore he would like to own it. He\\nmade an offer to the owner for it which was to\\ngive him another and better vineyard, or if he\\npreferred, to pay him in money. Naboth said,\\nThe Lord forbid that I should sell the inherit-\\nance of my fathers. The king was greatly dis-\\nappointed and offended at the reply of the owner,\\nand going to his palace, he lay down upon his\\nbed with his face to the wall, indicating a\\ntroubled mind, and refused to take any food.\\nHis conduct was that of an indulged and disap-\\npointed child.\\nWhile he was bemoaning his fortune, Jezebel,\\nhis wife, came to him and inquired the cause of\\nhis sadness, when he related the circumstances\\nabout the vineyard. She replied, Do you gov-", "height": "4683", "width": "3121", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0193.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "166 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nern the kingdom of Israel Arise and take your\\nfood. I will manage to get the vineyard for you.\\nThis crafty and unscrupulous woman accom-\\nplished her purpose in the following* manner.\\nShe wrote letters in Ahab s name and sealed\\nthem Avith the royal seal, then sent them to the\\nelders and nobles in Naboth s city, that is Jezreel,\\ndirecting them to proclaim a fast and bring\\nNaboth before the people with two sons of\\nBelial for witnesses to testify (falsely, of course)\\nthat the prisoner had blasphemed God and the\\nking, and then conduct him outside the city and\\nstone him.\\nAfter the queen s orders had been complied\\nwith, she was informed of the fact, when she told\\nAhab and urged him to take immediate posses-\\nsion of the vineyard,, which was done.\\nElijah received a Divine command to go and\\nmeet Ahab who was in the vineyard of Naboth\\ninvestigating its value for the purpose of a garden,\\ndoubtless pleased with the possession which cost\\nhim nothing. The prophet s message was as\\nfollows Hast thou killed and taken posses-\\nsion? Thus saith the Lord, In the place\\nwhere dogs licked the blood of Naboth, shall\\ndogs lick thy blood. Ahab said to Elijah,\\nHast thou found me, O my enemy He an-\\nswered, I have found thee. Thou hast sold\\nthyself to do evil in the sight of the Lord. He", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0194.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 167\\nthen predicted the utter destruction of all his\\nposterity. The prophet declared that, The\\ndogs should eat the flesh of Jezebel by the wall\\nof Jezreel, and that the dogs and fowls would eat\\nall belonging to her family. When Ahab heard\\nthese words, he rent his clothes and dressed him-\\nself in sackcloth and fasted, when the word of\\nthe Lord came to Elijah, that because the king\\nhumbled himself, these fearful punishments would\\nbe deferred until his son s day.\\nAfter three years, another war occurred be-\\ntween Syria and Israel, when Ahab invited\\nJehoshaphat, king of Judah, to join him in the\\ncontest. He consented, but proposed that Ahab\\nshould inquire of the prophets about the ex-\\npediency of the war. The king of Israel called\\ntogether four hundred prophets, of Baal perhaps,\\nand said to them, Shall I go against Eamoth-\\nGilead, (a place the Syrians had captured), to\\nbattle or not They replied, Go, for the\\nLord will deliver it into thy hands. The king\\nof Judah inquired, Is there not a prophet of the\\nLord of whom we may inquire Ahab said,\\n44 There was ofie, Micaiah, the son of Imlah, but\\nI hate him, for he prophesies nothing but evil of\\nme. Jehoshaphat replied, 44 Let not the king\\nsay so.\\nOne of the advisers of Ahab named Zedekiah,\\nhad made iroii horns, saying, 44 Thus saith the", "height": "4683", "width": "3129", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0195.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "168 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nLord, With these thou shalt push the Syrians until\\nthey are destroyed, and all the other prophets\\nand the messengers of the king assented to his\\nprediction. Ahab called an officer and gave\\norders to bring Micaiah in haste. The kings of\\nIsrael and Judah dressed in their royal robes,\\nsat each upon his throne when the prophet was\\nconducted into their presence. Ahab inquired,\\nShall we go against Eamoth-Gilead He re-\\nplied, Go and prosper for the Lord will deliver\\nit into thy hands. Ahab doubtless considered\\nthis as irony, for he said, How many times shall\\nI adjure thee to tell me nothing but the truth\\nThe prophet then said, I saw all Israel scattered\\nupon the hills as sheep without a shepherd. The\\nLord said these have no masters. Let every man\\nreturn to his home in peace. Ahab said to the\\nking of Judah, a Did I not tell thee he would\\nprophesy no good concerning me but only evil\\nThen Micaiah said, I saw the Lord sitting on His\\nthrone, and all the host standing on His right\\nhand and on His left, when He said, Who will\\npersuade Ahab to go to Eamoth-Gilead that he\\nmay fall? 5 One said this thing and another\\nthat, when at length there came forth a spirit\\nand stood before the Lord, saying, I will per-\\nsuade him. The Lord said, wherewith\\nHe answered, I will be a lying spirit in the\\nmouth of his prophets. 5 Go forth and do so, 5", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0196.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 169\\nwas the command. Now, therefore, the Lord\\nhath put a lying spirit in the mouths of all these\\nprophets. When Micaiah had expressed himself\\nin this manner, Zedekiah smote him on the cheek,\\nsaying, Which way went the Spirit of the Lord\\nfrom me to speak to thee? The prophet re-\\nplied, Thou shalt see in the day when thou shalt\\ngo into an inner chamber to hide thyself. Ahab\\nsaid, Take Micaiah to Amon, the governor of\\nthe city, and Joash, the king s son, and say to\\nthem the king commands you to put him in\\nprison and give him only bread and water until\\nI return in peace. The prophet said, If you\\nreturn in peace, the Lord has not spoken by me.\\nListen, O people, every one of you.\\nThe prophet s warning was not heeded, and\\nthe two kings with their armies began their\\nmarch to Eamoth-Gilead, a celebrated city in the\\nkingdom of Israel east of the Jordan, situated\\namong the mountains of Gilead, hence the name.\\nAhab proposed the following plan of attack. He\\nwould disguise himself, that is lay aside his royal\\nattire and appear as a private soldier, while the\\nking of Judah was to dress in robes such as kings\\nwore. The artful policy of Ahab is apparent.\\nHe was aware the Syrian king considered him\\nhis chief enemy and would direct his followers to\\nconquer and if possible kill him. This arrange-\\nment was carried out and when the king of Syria", "height": "4683", "width": "3121", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0197.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "170 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ngave orders to the thirty -two captains command-\\ning his chariots, he told them to fight with no\\none but the king of Israel and his followers. He\\nprobably knew about the alliance between the\\nkings of Israel and Judah.\\nAfter the battle began, the Syrian soldiers,\\nseeing Jehoshaphat in his royal attire, supposed\\nhe was the king of Israel, therefore they vigor-\\nously attacked his forces when, seeing he was in\\ndanger of being defeated, he shouted to his\\nassailants, that he was not the king of Israel.\\nThe Syrians then gave up the pursuit of the king\\nof Judah, but the battle went on, when a certain\\nman, it is not known whether he was a Syrian or\\nan Israelite, fired an arrow at a venture, or with-\\nout any particular aim, and smote Ahab who was\\nseated in his chariot, between his lower armor\\nand breastplate, when he ordered the driver to\\ncarry him out of the army, for he was wounded,\\nthough he was supported in his chariot until the\\nclose of the day, when he died. The blood from\\nhis wound had flowed into the chariot, and when\\nit was washed in the pool of Samaria, the dogs\\ncame and lapped the blood, according to the pre-\\ndiction of the prophet. He was buried in Sa-\\nmaria, and was succeeded by his son.\\nThough Ahab was an idolater and committed\\nmany fearful crimes, yet he did much for the\\nimprovement of his kingdom in founding cities", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0198.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 171\\nand some architectural works, as the construction\\nof an ivory palace.\\nJezebel survived her husband a few years, but\\nfinally met with a tragical death. (See Jehosha-\\nphat, king of Judah.)", "height": "4683", "width": "3127", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0199.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEE XIV.\\nAHAZIAH, JOKAM OR JEHORAM, JEHU.\\nAhaziah, the son and successor of Ahab,\\nreigned two years, and followed the example of\\nhis parents in his religious practices. His early\\ndeath was caused by an accident. He fell down\\nthrough a lattice or open window, from an upper\\nchamber, and was severely injured, when he sent\\nmessengers to inquire of Beelzebub, the god of\\nEkron, whether he w r ould recover from the acci-\\ndent. Elijah w r as sent by the angel of the Lord to\\nmeet the messengers of the king and say to them,\\nIs it because there is not a God in Israel that ye\\ngo to inquire of Beelzebub, the god of Ekron\\nNow r therefore, thus saith the Lord, Thou shalt\\nnot leave thy bed, but shalt surely die. 5 The\\nmessengers returned and related the words of the\\nprophet, when the king inquired what kind of a\\nman he was. They described him, when Ahaziah\\nsaid it was Elijah the Tishbite. An account of\\nthe fruitless attempts to arrest the prophet is\\nrelated in a sketch of his life. Ahaziah died\\naccording to the word of the Lord and was suc-\\nceeded by his brother Joram or Jehoram, whosQ\\n172", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0200.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 173\\nreign continued twelve years. Though his gov-\\nernment was not faultless, yet he did not entirely\\nfollow the evil conduct of his parents, Ahab and\\nJezebel, since he removed the image of Baal his\\nfather had made.\\nJoram became engaged in a war with the\\nMoabites, who had been made tributary to the\\nIsraelites, but on the accession of a new king\\nthey revolted and refused to pay the tribute\\nformerly given. The king of Israel sent to\\nJehoshaphat, king of Judah, to inquire Avhether\\nhe would join in a war with Moab. He said he\\nwould, therefore the sovereigns of Israel and\\nJudah, with the king of Edom, who joined the\\nconfederacy, began their expedition, but in the\\nregion through which they passed, there was no\\nwater for their troops, and they were in great\\ndistress. It was in this emergency that Elisha\\nthe prophet was consulted, who predicted that\\nthere would be a supply of water. The Moabites\\nbeing deceived, were overcome by the allied armies\\nof Israel, Judah, and Edom.\\nAfter this incident, the king of Syria ivent\\nwith an army to Samaria and besieged the capital\\ncity. When the people of the city had consumed\\nall their food, they were in imminent danger of\\ndying by famine. This caused great distress and\\nwas the occasion of fearful scenes, such as that of\\na mother killing and eating her own son. When", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0201.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "174 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nKing Joram heard of the revolting incident, he\\nrent his clothes and put on sackcloth as a sign of\\ngreat distress. Supposing that Elisha was the\\ncause of all the trouble, he sent an officer to slay\\nhim, but the prophet was informed of the king s\\nintention by Divine revelation, and guarded his\\ndoor against the officer. He predicted that on\\nthe morrow there would be plenty of food in\\nSamaria, but the Lord, on whose hand the king\\nleaned, sneered at the prediction, when the\\nprophet gave him warning of the fatal accident\\nthat happened to him which came to pass as fore-\\ntold. A more particular account is given in the\\nhistory of Elisha.\\nIn a war with Hazael, king of Syria, Joram\\nwas wounded in a battle at Ram ah, when he was\\ntaken to Jezreel to be cured of his wounds.\\nWhile at this place, Ahaziah, king of Judah,\\nmade him a visit to offer his sympathy to the\\nwounded king. At this crisis, Elisha sent one of\\nthe sons of the prophets to Ramoth-Gilead, to\\nanoint Jehu, son of Jehoshaphat, king of Israel.\\nAfter this ceremony, Jehu went to Jezreel, where\\nJoram and Ahaziah were, and caused both of these\\nkings to be slain.\\nWhen King Joram heard that Jehu was coming,\\nhe, with Ahaziah, king of Judah, went to meet\\nhim and inquired, Is it peace, Jehu His\\nanswer was, What peace, so long as thy", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0202.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 175\\nmother, Jezebel, ruleth Joram said to\\nAhaziah, There is treachery, when Jehu\\ndrew his bow and shot the king of Israel, and\\nthen slew the king of Judah. These two sover-\\neigns having been disposed of, the conspirator\\nascended the throne of Israel.\\nJehu, it is affirmed, was chosen by Divine ap-\\npointment to punish the family of Ahab for their\\ntransgressions, yet he appears to have been ac-\\ntuated by hatred and a selfish ambition more than\\na sincere regard for the worship of Jehovah.\\nFour of his descendants occupied the throne of\\nIsrael, namely, Jehoahaz, Joash, Jeroboam II.\\nand Zachariah. Between the two last sovereigns\\nthere was an interregnum of twenty-two years.\\nWho managed state affairs, or what was the con-\\ndition of the country during this period, can only\\nbe conjectured. The government may have been\\nadministrated by the high priest and his subor-\\ndinates.\\nJehoahaz, son and successor of Jehu, reigned\\nseventeen years, and followed the example of\\nJeroboam I. who introduced heathen practices.\\nDuring the reign of Jehoahaz there was a war\\nwith the Syrians, the powerful enemy of the\\nIsraelites, who had been subdued by their northern\\nneighbor, and their military strength was greatly\\nreduced, so that only fifty horsemen, ten chariots,\\nand ten thousand footmen remained of their", "height": "4683", "width": "3124", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0203.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "176 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\navailable force. The king of Israel in his distress\\nbesought the Lord for assistance, and was heard.\\nHe had compassion on Israel, it is said, because\\nof his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and\\nJacob.\\nJoash or Jehoash, son of Jehoahaz, reigned six-\\nteen years. He recovered the cities the Syrians\\nhad captured from Israel, and was victorious in\\nthree different battles with this nation. He re-\\nceived a challenge from Amaziah, king of Judah,\\nto engage in a conflict with him, when the king of\\nIsrael delivered the parable about the thistle and\\nthe oak intended to teach the challenger his\\nfolly in seeking a war with Israel. The parable\\nwas as follows: The thistle of Lebanon sent\\nto the cedar saying, Give thy daughter to my\\nson for a wife, when there passed by a wild\\nbeast and trod down the thistle. Thou hast in-\\ndeed smitten Edom and thy heart hath lifted\\nthee up. Glory not in this, and tarry at home\\nfor why shouldest thou fall and Judah with\\nthee\\nAmaziah would not abandon his purpose, and\\nbegan a war, when at the battle of Beth-Shemesh,\\nhe was defeated and his soldiers fled in a panic to\\ntheir tents. Joash took the king of Judah a\\nprisoner, marched to Jerusalem, broke down a\\npart of the wall of the city, took all the gold,\\nsilver, and sacred vessels of the House of the", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0204.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 177\\nLord and the treasures of the king s house and\\nreturned to Samaria\\nJeroboam II, son of Joash reigned forty-one\\nyears and adopted the policy of his namesake in\\nregard to religious worship, but he was, however,\\nan energetic and patriotic ruler who, by his suc-\\ncess in war recovered the lost possessions of the\\nIsraelites, from Hamoth to the sea, and their\\nclaims in Damascus. After a long reign, he was\\nsucceeded by his son Zachariah, the last of the\\nfamily of Jehu. Between the reigns of the two\\nlast members of the family of Jehu, the interreg-\\nnum, as previously noticed, occurred, and accord-\\ning to the history of nations under such con-\\nditions, it is possible there were rivalries, sedi-\\ntions, and other lawless transactions, and it is\\nremarkable there is no record of a civil war.\\nZachariah reigned only six months, but during\\nthat short period, he pursued the evil ways of\\nsome of his predecessors, and was assassinated by\\nShallum, son of Jabesh, who usurped the royal\\npower.\\nShallum, the assassin of Zachariah, who seized\\nthe reins of government, held them only one\\nmonth when he was murdered by Menahem, son\\nof Gadi who went from Tirzah to Samaria for\\nthis purpose that he might become the king of\\nIsrael. He continued his government ten years\\nand proved to be a fearfully cruel despot, some", "height": "4683", "width": "3120", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0205.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "178 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nof whose deeds are too revolting to be recorded,\\nespecially his treatment of women. He captured\\nseveral cities and killed the inhabitants because\\nthey did not acknowledge his right to govern\\nthem. The kingdom of Israel was, during his\\nreign, threatened by an invasion of the Assyrians,\\nbut Menahem gave the king of Assyria one thou-\\nsand talents of silver which he exapted from the\\nwealthy men in his kingdom, each one giving\\nfifty shekels. This tribute induced the king of\\nAssyria to return to his own country without a\\nwar. Menahem, in his religion, followed heathen\\npractices and after his death was succeeded by\\nhis son Pekahiah who reigned two years, and\\nadopted the practices of Jeroboam I., son of\\nNebat. A conspiracy was formed by Pekah\\nson of Remaliah who went to the royal palace at\\nSamaria with more then fifty men associated\\nwith him in the plot, and assassinated the king,\\nand assumed the government. During the twenty\\nyears of Pekatis reign, Tiglath-Pileser, king of\\nAssyria, invaded the kingdom of Israel, captured\\na large number of cities, and led the inhabitants\\ncaptive to Assyria.\\nHoshea, son of Elah, formed a conspiracy, slew\\nPekah and reigned over Israel nine years. Shal-\\nmeneser, king of Assyria, invaded the kingdom\\nof Israel, Avhen Hoshea was brought under his\\nauthority and gave him presents, but the king of", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0206.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "THE KINGS OF ISRAEL. 179\\nIsrael formed an alliance with the king of Egypt\\nand withheld his presents from the Assyrian king\\nwho, in consequence, came to Samaria with an\\narmy and laid siege to the city and, after three\\nyears, captured it, and deported the inhabitants\\nto Assyria, and thus ended the kingdom founded\\nby Jeroboam, son of JSTebat, after an existence of\\nless than three hundred years, or according to\\nsome chronologists, two hundred and seventy-one\\nyears. The ten captive tribes of Israel never\\nreturned to their native land as a nation, and\\nmany speculations have been, cherished in regard\\nto them, as, Will they ever return to Palestine?\\nHave they lost their, identity as a distinct race\\nand become a component factor of the different\\nnations among whom they dwell\\nThe history of the Israelites after the seces-\\nsion is, in some respects, peculiar. During the\\nshort period of their existence, they had nine-\\nteen kings, some of whose reigns were very brief,\\nand all of them are charged with the offence of\\nidolatry to a greater or less extent. Some of\\nthese sovereigns were assassinated by those am-\\nbitious to occupy their places.\\nThe prophets of Israel were Ahijah, Elijah,\\nMicaiah, Elisha, Jonah, Hosea, Amos, (5ded, and\\nthe Man from Judah, whose name is not men-\\ntioned.", "height": "4683", "width": "3130", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0207.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "180\\nBIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nThe Kings of Israel, After the Secession.\\nReigned 22 years.\\n1.\\nJeroboam I.,\\n2.\\nNadab,\\n3.\\nBaasha,\\n4.\\nElah,\\n5.\\nZimri,\\n6.\\nOmri,\\n7.\\nAhab,\\n8.\\nAhaziah,\\n9.\\nJoram or Jehoram,\\n10.\\nJehu,\\n11.\\nJehoahaz,\\n12.\\nJoash or Jehoash,\\n13.\\nJeroboam II.\\nInterregnum,\\n14.\\nZachariah\\n15.\\nShallum,\\n16.\\nMenahem,\\n17.\\nPekahiah,\\n18.\\nPekah\\nAnarchy,\\n19.\\nHoshea,\\n2\\na\\n24\\na\\n2\\na\\nu 7\\niays.\\n12\\nyears.\\n22\\n2\\n12\\n28\\n17\\n16\\n41\\n22\\n6 months\\n1 month.\\n10\\nyears.\\n2\\nu\\n20\\na\\n9\\nu\\n9\\na\\nThe Kingdom of Israel overthrown by the Assyrians, 724 B. c.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0208.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "The Eloquent Orator.\\nCHAPTER XV.\\nHIS NATIVE PLACE.\\nAncient Tarsus was an important city of the\\nprovince of Cilicia, in Asia Minor, situated on\\nthe River Cydnus, about twelve miles from its\\nentrance into the Mediterranean, on a large and\\nfertile plain at the foot of the Taurus mountains.\\nTarsus was a city of very great antiquity, and\\nit is not certain who was the founder. Its first\\nhistorical notice is given by Xenophon, author of\\nthe Anabasis, and other works. It held an im-\\nportant position as a military post in the wars\\nof Alexander the Great and his successors, and\\npassed from one conquering power to another,\\nuntil it came under Roman control, when it was\\nmade a free city and in the time of Augustus, it\\nwas granted immunity from taxes.\\nThe natives of Tarsus were distinguished for\\ntheir intelligence and fondness for philosophical\\nstudies, and the city has given to the world some\\n181", "height": "4683", "width": "3121", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0209.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "182 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nnotable philosophers, poets, grammarians, his-\\ntorians and physicians. Such was the native\\nplace of the Apostle Paul, a Jew whose remark-\\nable career is given in the Sacred Scriptures.\\nThe name of Paul s father is not known, but\\nhe was of the tribe of Benjamin, it is supposed,\\nand doubtless a strict Pharisee who trained his\\nson in the same doctrines. Paul had a sister and\\nother relatives, some of whom were his fellow-\\nprisoners, and it is believed he had kinsmen at\\nRome. It is supposed he belonged to a promi-\\nnent family, since he declared that he suffered\\nthe loss of all things, but according to Jewish\\nlaw that the sons should be trained in some use-\\nful occupation, whatever their station in life,\\nPaul was taught the mechanic art of tent-mak-\\ning.\\nWhen the child was born, he was called Saul,\\na Hebrew name signifying asked for which\\nwas subsequently changed to Paul, a Latin word\\nfor small. Little is positively known of his\\npersonal appearance, though it is implied he was\\nlow in stature, and according to tradition, he was\\nsmall, well-built, and graceful in motion and win-\\nning in manners. He was fair in complexion,\\nhis eyes were expressive, his nose acquiline,\\nhis forehead nearly bald, his beard thick. He\\nis spoken of by Lucian, in derision, as the\\nhigh-nosed, bald-headed Galilean. His consti-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0210.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 183\\ntution was infirm, and he is mentioned by Je-\\nrome as being afflicted with headache. Some\\ncritics have supposed he had a defect in his eyes,\\nand that this was the thorn in the flesh of\\nwhich the apostle speaks. He was so highly en-\\ndowed with the gift of eloquence, that Longinus,\\na distinguished Greek philosopher, classed him\\namong the greatest orators of antiquity, and\\nwhen preaching at Lystra, he so impressed the\\npeople that they called him Mercury, the god of\\neloquence, while Barnabas they designated Ju-\\npiter, whose priest brought oxen and garlands\\nwith which to decorate the victims of sacrifice,\\nto be offered to Paul and Barnabas.* When these\\ndisciples heard of it, they rent their clothes as an\\nexpression of horror, and hastened to stop the\\nintended sacrifice, saying, Why do ye these\\nthings We are men like yourselves, that is\\nare human, and should not receive religious\\nhomage. We exhort you to turn from these\\nvanities, unto the living God, the Creator of all\\nthings, etc. Notwithstanding his eloquence and\\npowerful arguments, Paul found it difficult to re-\\nstrain the people of Lystra from offering sacri-\\nfices to himself and Barnabas, yet strange to say,\\nthese same heathen who considered Paul a god,\\nstoned him at the instigation of the Jews, and\\ncarried his body outside the walls, supposing he\\nwas dead, but when the disciples stood near their", "height": "4683", "width": "3151", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0211.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "184 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ndeparted friend, as they supposed, he rose from\\nthe ground and with them entered the city, and\\nthe next day left with Barnabas for Derbe.\\nPaul was thoroughly educated in the schools\\nof Tarsus, then sent to Jerusalem to be trained\\nunder Gamaliel, according to the strictest rules\\nof the Pharisees, in the national religion, and he\\nbecame very zealous for the observance of the\\nLaws of Moses. Gamaliel was an illustrious\\ndoctor of the Jewish law and grandson of Hill el,\\none of the distinguished compilers of the Talmud,\\nthe great depository of the doctrines and opin-\\nions of the Jews. The apostle, though a Jew,\\nbeing a native of Tarsus, was neither a slave nor\\nan alien, but was entitled to all the privileges of\\na Roman citizen, as he claimed on a certain oc-\\ncasion. Before his conversion, he was an intol-\\nerant persecutor of the Christians, and cherished\\nhis relentless animosity to its utmost extent the\\nlaw would allow, but the Sanhedrim had no\\npower to put offenders to death. It is said of\\nPaul he made havoc of the church, like a wild\\nbeast, and searched houses to find the disciples\\nwhom he forcibly conducted to prison. He ap-\\nproved of the sentence of Stephen, the first\\nChristian martyr, and was a witness of his death,\\nby stoning.\\nMany of the Jews had emigrated to Damascus,\\na city in Syria, and among them were Christians", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0212.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "Paulus.", "height": "4683", "width": "3131", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0213.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0214.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 185\\nwho may have gone there to avoid persecution.\\nPaul determined to follow them, with the inten-\\ntion of bringing both men and women bound as\\nprisoners to Jerusalem. Five or six days would\\nbe necessary to make the journey. It was es-\\nsential he should have a commission from some\\naccredited authority, therefore he went to the\\nhigh priest for letters to the Jews, allowing him\\nto arrest any Christians found in the city, and\\nbring them to Jerusalem.\\nAn escort being appointed to attend him, he\\nstarted with his orders for arrests, crossed the\\nJordan to the mountainous region on the east\\nside, the usual route to Syria, and travelled\\nseveral days without any incident of special in-\\nterest. Doubtless the mind of Paul was occupied\\nwith the object of his journey, and the success of\\nhis efforts to suppress the hated doctrines and\\nworship of the Christians, whom he would pun-\\nish in every way the law allowed, and his great-\\nest dissatisfaction was, that it did not permit\\nthem to be put to death.\\nAs they drew near Damascus, one day at noon,\\nthere appeared a .strange phenomenon in the\\nform of a supernatural light, surpassing that of\\nthe sun. Amazed and blinded by its brilliancy,\\nPaul fell to the earth, when he Jheard a voice\\nspeaking in his native language, Saul Saul\\nwhy do you persecute me", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0215.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "186 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nThe attendants of the apostle saw the light,\\nbut did not understand the words, not being ac-\\nquainted with the language. The question is\\nsuggested, who were his companions Were\\nthey Romans or Jews They may have been\\nRomans, but the Hebrew language which Paul\\nunderstood, being an educated man, the common\\npeople at that time did not use, for after the\\ncaptivity, they adopted a dialect called Syro-\\nChaldean or Syro-Phoenician. Paul inquired of\\nthe Yoice, Who art thou, Lord I am\\nJesus, whom thou persecutest, was the reply.\\nIt is hard for thee to kick against the pricks,\\nthat is goads, a figure of speech denoting it is\\ndifficult to resist successfully, the authority of\\nOne who has a right to command, or in other\\nwords, to oppose the leadings of Providence.\\nThe term pricks applied to any sharp point,\\nbut it commonly meant an ox-goad which, among\\nthe Hebrews, was very large. The figure refers\\nto a stubborn ox kicking against the goad, and as\\nthe ox would injure no one but himself, it was\\nused to denote an obdurate and rebellious dispo-\\nsition. The men who journeyed with Saul to\\nDamascus, may have been appointed to aid him\\nor it has been suggested, they may have been\\ntravellers whom he chanced to meet with. On\\nthe appearance of the supernatural light they all\\nfell to the earth, but soon arose and stood speech-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0216.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 187\\nless. They heard a sound, but did not under-\\nstand the words spoken to Saul.\\nThe apostle inquired, Lord, what wilt Thou\\nhave me do The answer was, Go into the\\ncity and it shall be told thee what to do. When\\nSaul or Paul arose from the ground, he could not\\nsee, for his eyes had been blinded by the dazzling\\nlight. This darkness continued three days, dur-\\ning which he took no food or drink. There is no\\nreason to suppose Saul s blindness was miraculous,\\nfor it is not unfrequently the case that persons\\nhave been deprived of their sight by watching an\\neclipse of the sun, or its brilliant splendor at its\\nsetting. The effect is caused by the intense\\naction on the optic nerve. Sometimes it is per-\\nmanent, and at others, it continues for a time when\\nthe sight is restored.\\nAs the dazzling light had blinded Saul he was\\nled by his attendants into Damascus and con-\\nducted to the house of Judas, probably a disciple,\\nin a street called Straight. In the modern city\\nthere is a street by that name, extending from the\\neastern to the western gate. According to tradi-\\ntion, Saul had a vision here as recorded in 2 Corin-\\nthians xii. 2. The apostle saw one named Ananias\\ncoming to him and placed his hands upon him,\\nthat he might receive his sight. Some critics here\\nsupposed that Ananias was one of the seventy\\ndisciples sent to preach the gospel by the Saviour.", "height": "4683", "width": "3146", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0217.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "188 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nHe had heard of Saul and his persecutions, and\\nof his authority from the chief priests to bind all\\nChristians found at Damascus, and conduct them\\nas prisoners to Jerusalem, therefore, he hesitated\\nwhen told to go to Saul, but the Lord said, Go\\nthy way, for he is a chosen vessel for making\\nknown the gospel to the Jews, Gentiles and\\nkings, and I will show him how great the suffer-\\nings he must endure for My name s sake.\\nWhen Ananias came to the blind penitent, he\\nplaced his hands on him and said, Brother Saul,\\nthe Lord even Jesus who appeared to thee, sent\\nme that thou mightest receive thy sight and be\\nfilled with the Holy Spirit.\\nImmediately there fell from his eyes, as it\\nwere, scales, and he saw objects and was baptized.\\nThe scales was a figure of speech to denote the\\nsudden cure. Saul s blindness was the result of a\\nnatural cause, but his restoration to sight was\\nmiraculous. He partook of food after his fast of\\nthree days, and regained his physical strength.\\nWhen a slave was bought, the owner put his\\nmark or brand upon him, and Paul, in writing to\\nthe Galatians, said, That he bore the mark of\\nthe Lord Jesus, and this may have been the\\nthorn in the flesh of which he speaks.\\nThough his sight was restored after being\\nblinded on his way to Damascus, yet it may have\\nbeen somewhat impaired ever afterward, for on a", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0218.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 189\\ncertain occasion, when he said to the high priest,\\nGod will smite thee, thou whited wall, he\\napologized, saying he did not recognize the robes\\nof the high priest, which may have been on ac-\\ncount of imperfect sight. This idea seems to be\\nconfirmed by what the apostle wrote to the\\nGalatians, namely, that They were willing to\\npluck out their eyes and give them to him.\\nAfter his baptism, Paul preached in Damascus\\nfor a time, when he went to Arabia, and after\\nthree years, returned to Damascus. His Chris-\\ntian labors surprised his hearers, but aroused the\\nenmity of the Jews who formed a plot to as-\\nsassinate him, and to prevent his escape from the\\ncity, they watched the gates day and night.\\nThis conspiracy was known to Paul, when the\\ndisciples lowered him by night on the outside of\\nthe wall, in a basket, and he escaped to Jeru-\\nsalem. As the walls of Damascus were not high,\\nit was not a very difficult performance for his\\nfriends to lower him to the ground, and thus\\nsave his life.\\nDamascus is one of the most ancient cities of\\nthe world, and nearly four thousand years ago it\\nwas a flourishing and important town. It has\\npassed through many changes under different\\nrulers, but neither the Persians, Greeks, Romans,\\nnor Moslems, who claim it at the present time,\\nhave been able wholly to destroy its fascinating", "height": "4683", "width": "3122", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0219.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "190 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nbeauty. It is situated about fifty miles from the\\nsea, in a fertile and extensive plain, watered by\\nwhat the Greeks called Golden River, of which\\nthe Abana and Pharpa are supposed to form\\nbranches. The exact date of its settlement is not\\ncertain, though there are many conjectures on the\\nsubject. The city was enclosed by a wall and\\nwas surrounded by a plain nearly eighty miles in\\ncircumference, w r hile the land adjacent to the\\ncity afforded gardens of great extent which\\nyielded fruits of various kinds. It was the cap-\\nital of Syria in ancient times, and existed in the\\ndays of Abraham. Hadad, one of its kings, was\\nconquered by David.\\nThis renowned city was captured at different\\ntimes by Assyrians, Babylonians, Greeks, the\\nMaccabees, Romans, and Saracens, who made it\\na capital, until Bagdad became their chief city.\\nIt was taken by Tamerlane A. d. 1400, repaired\\nby the Mamelukes, and finally captured by the\\nTurks a. d. 1500. The Emperor Diocletian, A. D.\\n284-305, established a large factory for the manu-\\nfacture of arms at this place, hence the origin of\\nthe famous Damascus blades.\\nAfter Paul escaped from Damascus and came\\nto Jerusalem, he attempted to join the company\\nof disciples in that city, but they did not believe\\nhe had been converted and, aw^are of his former\\npersecuting spirit, they feared him. Though he", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0220.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 191\\nhad been absent three years or more, probably\\nthese Christians at Jerusalem had not been\\ninformed of the change in Paul s feelings and\\nconduct. Barnabas, a native of Cyprus, an\\nisland not far from Tarsus, was, it is presumed,\\nacquainted with Paul either personally or by\\nreputation, therefore he conducted him to the\\nApostles Peter, James, and perhaps some others,\\nand related the circumstances of his conversion.\\nAfter this introduction and explanation of Barna-\\nbas, he was admitted to their confidence and\\nrecognized as an apostle.\\nDuring the fifteen days of his sojourn at\\nJerusalem, Paul boldly declared, both to native\\nand foreign Jews, that Jesus was the Christ.\\nWhile some of his countrymen accepted his\\ndoctrines, the larger number rejected them and\\nformed a conspiracy to murder him, when the\\nChristians learning their plot, conducted him to\\nCesarea, and then sent him to Tarsus.\\nAs he came in sight of his native city, where\\nhe had spent his childhood and early youth, in its\\ncelebrated schools, doubtless he was moved by\\nmany conflicting emotions. Only a few years\\nbefore he, as a bigoted Pharisee, went to Jeru-\\nsalem to complete his studies, cherishing the most\\nbitter hatred toward the new sect called Chris-\\ntian, and determined to persecute them to the\\nutmost. Now he returned to his early home as", "height": "4683", "width": "3133", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0221.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "192 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\none of the followers of the despised ISTazarene,\\ndetermined to lay down his life, if necessary, for\\n1 His sake. Could a more remarkable moral change\\nin his character have been effected The whole\\ncourse of his life would henceforth be entirely\\ndifferent from what he had planned in his youth.\\nThe conversion of Paul was one of the most\\nremarkable in the history of the church, and its\\ninfluence more widely felt than that of any other\\nChristian. He may be considered the pioneer of\\nforeign missions.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0222.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "OHAPTEE XYI.\\nPAUL S FIRST MISSIONARY JOURNEY.\\nBarnabas was sent by the church at Jeru-\\nsalem to Antioch, to preach the gospel, and as a\\nresult, there was a great revival, therefore he\\nneeded an assistant in his labors. He went to\\nTarsus to seek the aid of Saul, or Paul, and con-\\nducted him to Antioch, where they labored one\\nyear, with great success. The disciples were first\\ncalled Christians at Antioch, a name given to\\nthem either as a term of reproach, or assumed by\\nthemselves, in honor of their Divine Master.\\nThe name is used in the New Testament only\\ntwice besides in this place as when Agrippa\\nsaid to Paul, Almost thou persuadest me to be\\na Christian, and again in 1 Peter iv. 16, If\\nany man suffer as a Christian, etc.\\nA brief description of Antioch is as follows\\nThere were several cities, sixteen in all, known\\nby this name, including those in Syria and Asia\\nMinor. The one in Syria was situated on both\\nsides of the River Orontes, about twenty miles\\nfrom the sea. It dates from 300 b. c, and was\\na strongly fortified place, and reckoned as the\\n193", "height": "4683", "width": "3147", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0223.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "194 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthird city, in importance, of the Roman Em-\\npire.\\nIt was nearly square and had many gates, and\\na circumference of twelve miles. This city was\\ncelebrated for its beautiful palaces, magnificent\\ntemples, numerous fountains, and the extent of\\nits commerce.\\nThe genius, learning, and culture of the in-\\nhabitants, were celebrated throughout the world.\\nCicero said, It was a noble city abounding in\\neminent men. The larger number of its citizens\\nwere Greeks and Syrians, though many Jews\\nsettled there who were allowed its privileges\\nequally, with the Greeks.\\nThe heathen population had the reputation of\\nbeing very immoral, and were largely the vota-\\nries of Venus and Bacchus. Such was this fa-\\nmous city in the time of the apostles, yet in this\\nunpromising soil, Christianity took root. The\\nchurch was greatly enlarged by the labors of\\nPaul and Barnabas, and became their rendezvous,\\nand also that of Peter. It was the native place\\nof St. Luke.\\nIt has been estimated that the Christians of\\nAntioch in the fourth century, numbered 100,000,\\nbut there was a gradual decline in this powerful\\nchurch, after flourishing three centuries, which\\nsuffered by terrible persecutions. The declension\\nbegan at the close of the fourth century, when", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0224.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 195\\nthe foundation of a general apostasy was laid that,\\nin the course of two centuries, overspread the\\nwhole Christian world. The city of Antioch\\ncame under Moslem rule, and at the present day,\\nis nearly in ruins. This celebrated metropolis\\nwas the ancient capital of the Greek kings of\\nSyria, and was built by Seleucus Nicator, the\\nfounder of sixteen cities by the name of Antioch.\\nIn ancient times, the natives were celebrated for\\ntheir sarcasm and ingenuity in devising nick-\\nnames. When the Persians invaded Syria, the\\npeople of Antioch made them the object of their\\nwitty jests, for which the conquerors totally de-\\nstroyed their city, but it was rebuilt by the Ro-\\nmans. Subsequently, it was conquered by the\\nSaracens, recovered by the Greeks, taken by the\\nMohammedans, captured by the Crusaders, and\\nseized by the Sultan of Egypt. At the present\\ntime it forms a part of Syria. In 1872, it was\\nnearly destroyed by an earthquake.\\nWhile Barnabas and Saul were at Antioch,\\nthere came to this city prophets from Jerusalem,\\nand one of them named Agabus, predicted there\\nwould be a great famine throughout the world,\\nmeaning, probably, it would be extensive. This\\nprediction was fulfilled in the reign of the Em-\\nperor Claudius Cassar, 41-54 A. D. Four dif-\\nferent famines occurred during his reign, in dif-\\nferent parts of the world.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0225.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "196 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nThe disciples at Antioch united in a plan for\\nassisting their brethren in Judea, by contribu-\\ntions, according to each one s ability, sent by\\nBarnabas and Saul, or Paul, which were de-\\nlivered to the elders of the church for distribu-\\ntion among the members. Having accomplished\\ntheir mission they returned to Antioch.\\nThere were in the church at this place certain\\nprophets and teachers who, as they were engaged\\nin united prayer, received a direct revelation\\nfrom the Holy Spirit, saying, Separate Barna-\\nbas and Saul or Paul for the work to which I\\nhave called them. When they had prayed they\\nlaid their hands on them and sent them to their\\nfield of labor. This was the first formal Chris-\\ntian mission to the Gentiles. Having been\\ncalled to the work of preaching the gospel to the\\nheathen, these missionaries departed for Seleucia,\\na city at the entrance of the River Orontes into\\nthe Mediterranean, where they embarked on\\nboard a ship for Cyprus.\\nThis island was settled at a very early period\\nby the Phoenicians and, according to tradition,\\nGreeks settled here soon after the Trojan war.\\nIt became subject to the king of Egypt, then to\\nthe Persians, and after a severe struggle it re-\\ngained its independence, but eventually it fell to\\nthe Ptolemys of Egypt. The Romans made\\nCyprus one of their provinces. Salamis its chief", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0226.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 197\\ncity was founded, it is claimed, by a son of one\\nof the Trojan heroes. It was nearly destroyed\\nby an insurrection of the Jews and an earth-\\nquake in the reign of the Emperor Trajan, but\\nwas rebuilt by Constantine and named Con-\\nstantia. A few ruins of the old town remain.\\nThere was a small island called Salamis, cele-\\nbrated in classical history for the great naval\\nbattle between the Persians under Xerxes*, and\\nthe Greeks, 480 b. c, in which the former were\\ndefeated.\\nWhile Barnabas and Saul were at Salamis,\\nthey preached the gospel in the synagogues of\\nthe Jews, many of whom were found in Cyprus\\nas well as in all other places adjacent to Judea.\\nThe apostles uniformly proclaimed their doc-\\ntrines first, to their own countrymen, but when\\nthey refused to listen, these evangelists sought\\nthe Gentiles and preached to them, often with\\nremarkable success. John Mark was an attend-\\nant of Barnabas and Saul or Paul in this mission-\\nary tour who probably made the necessary ar-\\nrangements for their comfort and the supply of\\ntheir wants, during their journey. When they\\nhad gone through the island which was nearly\\none hundred and seventy miles from east to\\nwest, they came to Paphos, a city at the Avestern\\nextremity, and the residence of the proconsul.\\nIt contained a magnificent temple of Venus, the", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0227.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "198 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nfavorite divinity of the island and according to\\ntradition was her birthplace. Cyprus being sub-\\nject to the Roman Emperor, was governed by a\\nproconsul appointed by him. The name of this\\nofficial in the time of Paul was Sergius Paulus\\nwho was an honorable man with liberal views,\\nand willing to listen to any new ideas advanced.\\nHaving heard about Barnabas and Saul or Paul,\\nhe sent for them to hear for himself the doctrines\\nthey proclaimed. Bar-Jesus, a Jew called also\\nElymas the magician, resisted them, believing\\nthat if Paul and Barnabas gained an influence\\nover the proconsul, he would lose his own popu-\\nlarity, therefore he sought to prevent this Roman\\nofficial from becoming the friend and patron of\\nChristians.\\nPaul being under the influence of the Holy\\nSpirit, fixed his eyes upon the sorcerer, saying,\\nO full of deceit and cunning, thou child of the\\ndevil, and enemy of all righteousness, wilt thou\\nnot cease to pervert the ways of the Lord Thou\\nshalt be blind for a season. Immediately there\\ncame to him a darkness so intense that he could\\nnot see any object, and was obliged to have\\nsome one lead him by the hand. When the\\ndeputy saw what had occurred, he was con-\\nvinced that Elymas was an impostor, and that\\nthe doctrine of Paul was true. This may have\\nbeen an intellectual conviction only, and it", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0228.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 199\\nis not known whether he became a genuine\\nconvert.\\nPaul with his companions, Barnabas and John\\nMark, left Paphos in the Island of Cyprus, and\\nsailed for Perga, a city in Pamphilia, a province\\nof Asia Minor, opposite the island. Perga was\\nthe metropolis of Pamphilia, and was situated on\\nthe River Cestus, some distance from its mouth.\\nThere was a celebrated temple of Diana on a\\nmountain near, at which were held yearly festi-\\nvals. John Mark left his party and returned to\\nJerusalem for reasons not explained, but as the\\napostle was unwilling to take him as a travelling\\ncompanion on a future occasion, it is presumed\\nhis conduct was not approved.\\nBarnabas and Paul came to Antioch in Pisidia,\\nas it was called, to distinguish it from Antioch\\nin Syria, and, though within the limits of\\nPhrygia, it belonged to Pisidia. Phrygia in\\nAsia Minor, varied in extent at different times.\\nIt formed the western part of the great cen-\\ntral table-land of Asia Minor, while the north-\\neastern region, conquered by the Gauls, com-\\nprised the western part of Galatia, and event-\\nually it came under Roman jurisdiction. This\\nprovince was very rich in various kinds of pro-\\nductions, and in some places there were salt\\nlakes. Its mountains furnished gold and marble,\\nits valleys oil and wine, its hills afforded pasture", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0229.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "200 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nfor sheep, and its marshes yielded abundance of\\nsalt.\\nPhrygia occupied an important position in\\nearly Greek culture and music, especially that of\\nthe flute. The kingdom of Phrygia which\\nclaimed a great age, was conquered by Croesus,\\nand at one period, constituted a part of the\\nPersian dominions, and subsequently the Syro-\\nGrecian empire. After their conquest, the\\nPhrygians seemed to have lost all intellectual\\nactivity and became proverbial for their stupid-\\nity and submissive spirit, especially among the\\nGreeks and Romans, who regarded them with\\ncontempt.\\nWhen these missionaries came to Antioch in\\nPisidia, they went into a synagogue on the Sab-\\nbath and sat down.. The rulers of the syna-\\ngogue who were conducting the services, com-\\nprising the reading of the law and the prophets,\\nrecognizing Paul and Barnabas as Jews, said to\\nthem, Men and brethren, if ye have anything\\nto say to the people, we will hear it. Then\\nPaul arose and making a gesture with his hand,\\nbegan his discourse by the prologue, Men of\\nIsrael, and ye that fear God, give attention.\\nYe that fear God may have referred to pros-\\nelytes who had accepted the Jewish religion.\\nThe apostle s ultimate design was to prove that\\nJesus was t?he Messiah, but to attain this object", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0230.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "Paul at Ephesus.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0231.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0232.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 201\\nit was important to avoid arousing their preju-\\ndice, therefore he declared he was a firm believer\\nin the doctrines of their fathers, as revealed in\\ntheir Scriptures. Paul rehearses in a summary\\nmanner, the history of his nation, and affirms\\nthat a promise had been given, that a Saviour\\nshould be sent into the world, and that He had\\ncome and had suffered death. He refers to the\\ntestimony of John the Baptist in support of his\\ntheory. A favorite doctrine of the Jews was,\\nthat they were, in a special sense, the people of\\nGod, therefore Paul reminds them of many\\nevents in their remarkable history, as their de-\\nliverance from Egyptian bondage, their conquest\\nof Canaan, the period of the Judges, the estab-\\nlishment of monarchy, and reign of the Shepherd\\nking from whom Jesus descended, according to\\nthe flesh. Men and brethren, descendants of\\nAbraham, or native Jews, and whoever among\\nyou feareth God or proselytes to you is\\nthe message of salvation sent. The gospel was\\nfirst preached to the Jews, and Christ Himself\\nwas sent to them.\\nThe apostle then refers to the rulers of his\\npeople at Jerusalem, who, though they read the\\nprophets every Sabbath day, yet they did not\\nunderstand their predictions concerning the\\nMessiah, that He would be poor, a Man of sor-\\nrows and acquainted with grief, and that He", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0233.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "202 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nwould be put to death according to their request,\\nand that He would rise again that salvation from\\nsin and its consequences might be proclaimed to\\nall the world. Paul then closes his address by a\\nsolemn warning, lest the calamity threatened by\\nthe prophets should come upon them. The above\\nis a brief summar}^ of the apostle s discourse, in\\nthe synagogue at Antioch in Pisidia.\\nWhen the congregation was dismissed, many\\nof the Jews and Greek proselytes followed Paul\\nand Barnabas who exhorted them to be steadfast\\nin the grace of God. The news concerning the\\nevangelists was circulated among the people,\\nwhen a great multitude, on the next Sabbath,\\nassembled to hear the word of God, but when\\nthe Jews witnessed their popularity, they were\\nenvious and contradicted the apostles, and\\ntreated with scorn the name of Jesus of Naza-\\nreth. Then Paul and Barnabas became more\\nbold, saying, That it was according to the\\nDivine will, that the gospel should first be\\npreached to the Jews, but as ye will not listen,\\nand judge yourselves unworthy of eternal life,\\nwe offer these blessings to the Gentiles, for the\\nLord said, I have sent thee to be a light to the\\nGentiles that thou shouldst be the instrument of\\nsalvation to all the world. When the Gentiles\\nheard this, they rejoiced and those who Avere\\ndisposed to accept, believed, so that the gospel", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0234.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR, 203\\nwas published throughout all the region, but the\\nJews aroused the opposition of the chief men of\\nthe city and, aided by the women of rank and\\ninfluence, they incited a persecution against the\\napostles and banished them from the province,\\nwhen they went to Iconium, but the disciples in\\nAntioch were inspired with joy in their new ex-\\nperience, guided by the influence of the Holy\\nSpirit.\\nIconium, in Asia Minor, was, in Paul s day, a\\nflourishing city with a mixed population of Jews\\nand Greeks. It was situated about one hundred\\nand twenty miles from the Mediterranean and is\\nrepresented as having a fine climate with gar-\\ndens and meadows surrounded by lofty moun-\\ntains covered with perpetual snow. It was an\\nimportant city in the time of the Crusades. A\\nchurch was established at this place by the\\nApostle Paul, 45 A. D., that continued to flourish\\nuntil the persecutions by the Saracens and Turks.\\nThe city still exists under a different name, and\\ncontains a number of mosques, colleges, and other\\npublic buildings, but it is in a state of decline.\\nIt was at Iconium that Paul first became ac-\\nquainted with Timothy. Paul and Barnabas\\nwent into the synagogue and preached to the\\npeople with such success, that a great number,\\nboth Jews and Greeks, believed. The apostles\\ncontinued a long time in the city, speaking boldly", "height": "4683", "width": "3120", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0235.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "204 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nin the name of the Lord Jesus, and performed\\nmany miracles, but the unbelieving Je\\\\vs aroused\\nthe opposition of the Gentiles against them, and\\nthere was a division, part of the citizens taking\\nthe side of the Jews, and part that of the apostles,\\nwhen a mob collected, comprising both Jews and\\nGentiles, with the intention of stoning Paul and\\nBarnabas who, being aware of their plot, fled to\\nLystra and Derbe, cities of Lycaonia, a province\\nof Asia Minor, w T here they preached the gospel\\nthroughout the whole region. These two cities\\nwere near each other. While at Lystra, Paul\\nhealed a cripple who had been lame from his\\nbirth, while he was preaching to the multitude.\\nThe apostle observing the lame man said to him\\nin a loud voice, Stand on thy feet, and imme-\\ndiately he sprang up and walked. When the\\npeople saw what was done, they shouted in the\\nlanguage of Lycaonia, The gods are come down\\nto us in the likeness of men. They called Bar-\\nnabas Jupiter, and Paul Mercury. The priests\\nof Jupiter brought oxen and garlands to the\\ngate, to offer sacrifice to the apostles. The vic-\\ntims offered in sacrifice were usually decorated\\nwith chaplets of flowers.\\nWhen the apostles were aware of their inten-\\ntion, as previously mentioned, they rent their\\nclothes as an expression of their abhorrence, and\\nhastened to the people, saying, Sirs, why do ye", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0236.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 205\\nthese things We are men like yourselves and\\nwe come to make known that ye should cease to\\nworship idols, and should serve the living God\\nwho is the Creator of heaven and earth, and all\\nthings therein, and gives us all our blessings,\\netc., yet with these arguments, they were so con-\\nfident that the apostles were gods, it was diffi-\\ncult to restrain them from offering sacrifices.\\nWherever these evangelists went to preach the\\ngospel, thej r encountered the opposition of their\\nown countrymen. Jews from Antioch and Ico-\\nnium came to Lystra for the purpose of arousing\\nopposition, when they stoned Paul, as previously\\nmentioned, and, supposing he was dead, they\\ncarried his body outside the walls and left it un-\\nburied. Paul was only stupefied by the stoning,\\nand as the disciples stood about his unconscious\\nbody, he arose and went into the city and the\\nnext day left with Barnabas for Derbe, a town\\nof Lycaonia, the residence of Antipater, a friend\\nof Cicero. When they had preached the gospel\\nin that city they returned to Lystra, Iconium, and\\nAntioch. These apostles manifested remarkable\\ncourage in returning to the places where they\\nhad been persecuted, and in one instance stoned.\\nTheir object was to confirm the young converts\\nwho were surrounded by enemies and exposed to\\ntemptations, and as they had but a slight ac-\\nquaintance with the gospel, it was important", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0237.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "206 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthey should be further instructed. The apostles\\nexhorted them to continue in the faith and re-\\nminded them that it was through great tribula-\\ntion that we enter the kingdom of God. When\\nPaul and Barnabas had appointed elders in every\\nchurch, and had commended them to the Lord\\nwith prayer and fasting, they travelled through-\\nout Pisidia and came to Pamphylia, a province\\nof Asia Minor, and after preaching in Perga\\nduring their second visit, they went to Attalia,\\na city on the seashore, built by Attalus Phila-\\ndelphus, king of Pergamus, who gave it his own\\nname. It was here they embarked for Antioch\\nwhen they had been appointed as travelling mis-\\nsionaries, and when the church assembled, the\\napostles rehearsed what had been their experi-\\nence, their dangers and their successes, and how\\nthey had preached the gospel to the Gentiles.\\nHere they remained a long time with the dis-\\nciples, but how long they were at Antioch is not\\nintimated, though nothing more is heard of them\\nuntil the council at Jerusalem assembled to settle\\na question of dispute about circumcision. It is\\nsupposed that an interval of from five to eight\\nyears occurred, of which there is no account in\\nthe Scriptures, but it is probable that Paul made\\nseveral journeys to different places during this\\nperiod. To this time, Christians had suffered\\nviolent persecutions from their enemies, but now", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0238.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 207\\nthe churches were at peace and at Antioch they\\nenjoyed great prosperity. In none of them had\\nthere been any internal conflicts of opinions or\\npractices, but this union was soon to be inter-\\nrupted. Certain men from Judea, probably con-\\nverted Jews, came to Antioch and the regions\\nadjacent, and said to the disciples, Except ye\\nbe circumcised after the manner of Moses, ye\\ncannot be saved.\\nPaul and Barnabas held an earnest discussion\\nwith them on the subject, since important prin-\\nciples were to be settled affecting the organiza-\\ntion of the Christian church. The doctrines\\nadvanced by the messengers from Judea would\\ntend to distract the minds of Christians, and for\\nthis reason it was important to oppose them,\\ntherefore it was agreed that these preachers,\\nwith certain others, should go to Jerusalem and\\nhave the question settled by the apostles and\\nelders of that city. The authority of the earlier\\napostles would be acknowledged by all, as they\\nhad been instructed by the Saviour Himself. It\\nis supposed that this journey to Jerusalem was\\nthe one to which Paul refers in his Epistle to the\\nGalatians, in which he affirms it was fourteen\\nyears after his conversion. Among those who\\naccompanied Paul, was Titus, a converted Greek,\\nand subsequently his travelling companion. It\\nwas customary for Christians to attend the", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0239.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "208 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\napostles in their travels, therefore some members\\nof the church accompanied Paul, who passed\\nthrough Phenice and Samaria, making known\\nthe glad tidings of the conversion of the Gentiles,\\nwhich caused great joy among the brethren.\\nThese places were on their direct route to Je-\\nrusalem.\\nPhenice or Phenicia was a province of Syria,\\nand has been considered the birthplace of com-\\nmerce, and was eminent in ancient art and lit-\\nerature. The Phoenicians constructed the Temple\\nof Solomon, while their sailors navigated his\\nships. Their enterprising spirit led them to\\nestablish colonies in different parts of Asia,\\nEurope, Africa, and probably in many of the\\nislands of the Mediterranean, but the most\\nfamous of their colonies was that of Carthage.\\nThey attracted to their coast nearly all the com-\\nmerce between the East and the West.\\nSamaria, with its capital city of the same name,\\nwas a celebrated region in the history of the\\nIsraelites, as is well known by students of the\\nSacred Scriptures.\\nWhen Paul and his companions arrived at\\nJerusalem, they were received in a hospitable\\nand friendly manner by the apostles, elders and\\nprivate members of the church, and acknowledged\\nby them as Christian brethren, when Paul and\\nBarnabas related the facts about the conversion", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0240.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 209\\nof the Gentiles, and the origin of the question in\\ndispute. They were, however, opposed by certain\\nPharisees, who affirmed that the rite of circum-\\ncism should be administered to the Gentile con-\\nverts. A convention was called comprising\\napostles, elders, and members of the church to\\nsettle the dispute, and after much discussion,\\nPeter arose to address the audience.\\nThere was a propriety in his taking the lead in\\nthis controversy, for he was, probably, the oldest\\nof those assembled and the most accustomed to\\nspeak, besides, he had witnessed the conversion\\nof Gentiles without the Mosaic rites. He begins\\nhis argument by addressing them as follows\\nMen and brethren, ye know that some time ago\\nGod chose me to preach the gospel to the\\nGentiles, referring to Cornelius and those\\nassembled at Cesarea, to whom was given the\\nHoly Spirit, making no distinction between them\\nand us, though they had not conformed to the\\nlaw of Moses. Now, why tempt God by putting\\na yoke upon the disciples which neither our\\nfathers nor we were able to bear We believe\\nwe shall be saved by the grace of the Lord Jesus\\nChrist.\\nThen the company of private Christians lis-\\ntened to Paul and Ba*rnabas as they declared\\nwhat miracles and wonders God had wrought\\namong the Gentiles by them. The company of", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0241.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "210 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nprivate Christians listened to Paul and Barnabas,\\nwho related to them an account of their labors.\\nAfter they had closed their remarks, the Apostle\\nJames made a speech. This was James, the son\\nof Alpheus, called James the Less, to distinguish\\nhim from James the Greater.\\nHe said, Men and brethren, listen to me.\\nSimeon, the Hebrew name for Simon, and\\napplied to Peter, hath declared how God did\\nat first visit the Gentiles, to choose a people for\\nHis name, according to the prophets, therefore, I\\ngive my opinion that we trouble not the Gentile\\nChristians by imposing upon them burdensome\\nrites and ceremonies. I recommend that we\\nwrite to them as an expression of our judgment,\\nthat they abstain from certain practices con-\\nsidered wrong, and that they avoid the gross\\nvices common amongst the heathen, which the\\nlaw of Moses prohibited, and which is read in the\\nsynagogues every Sabbath day.\\nThe suggestion of James was approved by the\\napostles and elders, and also by the whole church,\\ntherefore they chose Paul and Barnabas with\\nJudas and Silas to carry letters on the subject to\\nthe Gentile Christians in Antioch, Syria, and\\nCilicia. In this letter special mention is made\\nof Paul and Barnabas, who hazarded their lives\\nfor the name of the Lord Jesus Christ.\\nWhen the messengers were dismissed, they", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0242.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 211\\nstarted on their journey and came to Antioch,\\nand when they had called together the multi-\\ntude, they delivered the epistle which, after it\\nwas read, caused great rejoicing for the consola-\\ntion it afforded. This closes the account of the\\nfirst Christian council, Judas and Silas being\\npreachers, exhorted the brethren and confirmed\\nthem by their instructions. After remaining at\\nAntioch for a time, Judas returned to Jerusalem,\\nbut Silas remained. Meanwhile Paul and Barna-\\nbas continued at Antioch laboring with many\\nothers, for the advancement of Christianity.\\nAfter some time, Paul suggested to Barnabas\\nthat they should visit the cities where they had\\npreached the gospel, to learn the condition of the\\nchurches. Barnabas approved of the plan, but\\nhe wished to take with him John Mark, his\\nnephew, but Paul thought it would not be best\\nsince he, on a former occasion, left them in\\nPamphylia without a reasonable cause. A sharp\\ncontention occurred between them* which re-\\nsulted in a separation, when Barnabas took Mark\\nand sailed for Cyprus, the native place of Barna-\\nbas, while Paul chose Silas, and being commended\\nin prayer to God, by the brethren, went through\\nSyria and Cilicia confirming the churches. Silas\\nhas been supposed by some, to have been one of\\nthe seventy disciples sent by their Lord to pro-\\nclaim the gospel. He became the travelling com-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0243.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "212 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\npanion of Paul after his separation from Barna-\\nbas, about whom nothing further is revealed in\\nthe Scriptures. This eminent evangelist and suc-\\ncessful laborer, it is said, was a Levite, a native\\nof Cyprus, educated by Gamaliel, the instructor\\nof Paul. His name was Joses to which the\\napostle added Barnabas, meaning the son of\\nconsolation. The contention between Paul and\\nBarnabas which led to the occupation of differ-\\nent fields of labor, though to be regretted as an\\nillustration of human frailty, was overruled for\\nthe advancement of the gospel, since they pro-\\nclaimed it in a wider region. It is believed this\\ndifference of opinion between Paul and Barnabas\\nwas subsequently reconciled, when they again be-\\ncame travelling companions. There is evidence\\nalso that Paul became reconciled to John Mark,\\nto which the apostle alludes in his Epistles to the\\nCorinthians, Galatians, Philemon, and Timothy.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0244.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XYIL\\nPAUL S SECOND MISSIONARY JOURNEY.\\nAccompanied by Silas, Paul returned to\\nDerbe and Lystra where he met a disciple named\\nTimotheus or Timothy, a native of one of these\\ncities, whose mother, named Eunice, was a Jewess,\\nand a Christian, but his father was a Greek. It\\nwas not allowed by their law for Jews to in-\\ntermarry with Gentiles, but this injunction was\\nnot strictly observed by those especially, living\\nin heathen lands.\\nTimothy at this time, was a very young man,\\nand Paul addressed him as such when he was\\nurged to take charge of the church at Ephesus.\\nHe was highly esteemed for his piety and prom-\\nise for future usefulness, by the brethren at\\nLystra and Iconium. He had been carefully\\ntrained in a knowledge of the Scriptures by his\\nmother, but his father being a Greek, he had\\nnot been circumcised, when Paul had the rite ad-\\nministered to him, on account of the Jews who\\nunderstood that his father was a Gentile. This\\nwas an expedient adopted by the apostle for the\\nsake of peace,", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0245.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "214 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nAs Paul and Silas journeyed through the\\ncities of Syria, Cilicia and other places, they de-\\nlivered to the Christians the decision of the\\nCouncil at Jerusalem on the question submitted\\nto it. This document may have been an attested\\ncopy of the letter sent to the various churches of\\nthe Gentiles by the apostles and elders at Jeru-\\nsalem, the object of which was to establish them\\nin the faith and increase their numbers.\\nCilicia was a district in the southeastern part\\nof Asia Minor enclosed on all sides except the\\nwestern, by natural boundaries. The Syrians are\\nsupposed to have been the earliest inhabitants. It\\nwas conquered by the Persians, and later by\\nAlexander, and formed a part of the kingdom of\\nthe Seleucidae. Its inhabitants comprising differ-\\nent tribes, were robbers and pirates, until\\nPompey subdued them, when their country be-\\ncame a Roman province, 67 B. c. They were\\ncalled by the Greeks and Romans the Three\\nbad K s, as their names began with that letter.\\nAfter Paul and Silas had travelled through\\nPhrygia and the region of Galatia, they were for-\\nbidden to preach the word in Asia. Galatia was\\na province in Asia Minor, formerly conquered\\nand settled by the Gauls to which they gave their\\nname. They invaded the country at different\\ntimes and many of them settled there. Jews\\nalso had migrated to this region.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0246.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 215\\nThe people of Galatia adopted, to a great ex-\\ntent, the habits and religious customs of the\\nGreeks, but preserved their own language and\\nforms of governments. They comprised three\\ngreat tribes, each divided into four parts, and at\\nthe head of these were twelve men with one\\nchief or leader called a tetrarch, w T hile under him\\nwere several different officers. Many Christian\\nchurches were established in Galatia, but the\\nmembers were mostly Jewish converts.\\nWhy the evangelists, Paul and Silas, were for-\\nbidden, by a Divine revelation, to preach at this\\ntime the word of God, and the glad tidings of\\nsalvation by Christ, to the inhabitants of Asia,\\nthough formerly their labors had been confined\\nto this region, was, doubtless, that the gospel\\nmight be introduced into Greece, hence into Eu-\\nrope. After they came to Mysia, they intended\\nto go into Bythinia, a province of Asia Minor,\\nbut were forbidden by the Holy Spirit to do so,\\ntherefore they came to Troas a city on the Hel-\\nlespont. Sometimes the name Troas or Troad is\\nused to denote the entire country of the Trojans,\\nthe province where the ancient city of Troy had\\nstood, a region celebrated in early Grecian his-\\ntory, and where the events recorded in the Iliad\\nare supposed to have occurred. The city was de-\\nstroyed and no vestige of it remains. Paul be-\\ning an educated man, was doubtless familiar with", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0247.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "216 BIBLE CHARACTERS,\\nclassical literature, and to him the places he was\\nabout to visit, would be specially interesting.\\nThe Greek name for Troy was Ilium, which\\nstood on a large plain surrounded by mountains,\\none being named Mount Ida. The city was de-\\nstroyed by the Greeks, but was rebuilt and called\\nIlium Novum, which finally came under the\\ndominion of the Romans when they became mas-\\nters of the world. When Paul was at Troas he\\nhad a vision in which appeared a man who, per-\\nhaps by his speech, was taken for a Macedonian,\\nsaying, Come to Macedonia and help us.\\nThis was a call to preach the gospel in a new\\nfield which might be attended with great hard-\\nship and danger. Macedonia was an extensive\\nregion with Thrace on the north, Thessaly on the\\nsouth, Epirus on the west and the ^Egean Sea on\\nthe east. It became celebrated in the reign of\\nPhilip and his son Alexander the Great. It was\\nthe first place in which the gospel was preached\\nin Europe.\\nSetting sail from Troas, we, says the writer,\\ncame in a direct course to Samothracia, an island\\nin the ^Egean Sea about twenty miles in circum-\\nference, and an asylum for fugitives and crimi-\\nnals, and the next day to Neapolis a maritime\\ncity of Macedonia. This is the first instance in\\nwhich Luke refers to himself as being in company\\nwith Paul. It is probable that he joined him", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0248.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "Paul Preaching to the Thessalonians.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0249.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0250.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 217\\nabout this time, and attended him in his future\\ntravels. They journeyed from Neapolis to\\nPhilippi named by King Philip, and famous for\\nbeing the place where several battles were\\nfought during the civil wars of the Romans, and\\nespecially the decisive battle between Brutus and\\nAntony. There was a Christian church estab-\\nlished here, to which Paul afterward wrote his\\nEpistle to the Philippians. Paul and his com-\\npanions remained there for several days. There\\nwere Jews in this city as in most others, who\\nstill observed many of their religious ceremonies.\\nOn the Sabbath, they went out of the city to the\\nside of the river where there was a place of\\nprayer. Such places were established by the\\nJews in the vicinity of towns and cities, es-\\npecially where they were forbidden by the mag-\\nistrates to build synagogues. These places of\\nprayer were simply enclosures constructed of\\nstones, in a grove or under a tree.\\nThe missionaries sat down and addressed the\\nwomen who resorted thither. Among them was\\na certain woman named Lydia, whose business\\nconsisted in selling purple dyes obtained from\\nshellfish, and was highly prized on account of\\nthe color which was chiefly worn by princes and\\nthe wealthy classes. This dye w^as obtained from\\nThyatira a city in the province of Lydia in Asia\\nMinor. The art of dyeing was a prominent oc-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0251.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "218 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ncupation in that city, settled by a colony from\\nMacedonia. It was the seat of one of the seven\\nchurches mentioned in the Book of Revelation.\\nIn the message to the churches the faith, pa-\\ntience, and charity of the members of this church\\nare commended, but they are censured for toler-\\nating the false prophetess, Jezebel, who encour-\\naged gross vices for which fearful judgments are\\nthreatened.\\nLydia was probably a Jewish proselyte who\\nhad studied the Scriptures, and when she heard\\nPaul, she believed the gospel and was baptized\\ntogether with the members of her family who\\nalso accepted it. After this ceremony was per-\\nformed, she said to Paul and Silas, If ye con-\\nsider me a believer, come to my house and abide\\nthere while you remain in the city. On a\\ncertain day, says the writer, as we were going\\nto the place of prayer, a damsel possessed with\\nthe spirit of divination, according to pagan\\nideas, who, by her soothsaying brought her\\nmasters much gain, followed us publicly pro-\\nclaiming, These men are the servants of the\\nMost High God, and show us the way to salva-\\ntion. Her motive in pursuing such a course is\\nnot certain. It may have been to gain a reward\\nfrom Paul and Silas, or some other selfish reason,\\nbut it is more probable that she was convinced\\nthat they were the servants of God. She fol-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0252.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 219\\nlowed them for several days when Paul, grieved\\nat the annoyance, and believing she was under\\nthe influence of an evil spirit, turned around and\\nsaid, I command thee in the name of Jesus\\nChrist to come out of her, when the demon im-\\nmediately left the damsel.\\nWhen her masters saw the hope of their gains\\nwas gone, they were very angry and determined\\nto seek revenge. They seized Paul and Silas and\\nforcibly brought them to the market-place where\\nwas the court or forum, near which trials were\\nconducted, and delivered them to the magistrates,\\nmilitary rulers or pretors. As Philippi was a\\nRoman colony, perhaps the army officers per-\\nformed the duties of both civil and military\\nrulers. When their enemies brought them to the\\nmagistrates, they presented their charges which\\nwere not the loss of their gains, but they pre-\\ntended they were anxious about the violation of\\nthe laws and the safety of the city, hence they\\nwere disturbers of the public peace. They said,\\nThese men who are Jews exceedingly trouble\\nour city, and teach customs not lawful for us to\\nobserve, being Romans. By customs, in this\\ncharge, is intended religious rites or forms of\\nworship. This aroused the people, when the\\nmagistrates stripped Paul and Silas of their gar-\\nments, which was always done when one was to\\nbe scourged, and delivered them to the lictors, to", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0253.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "220 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nbe beaten with rods. And when they had laid\\nmany stripes on them, they cast them into prison,\\ncharging the jailor to keep them safely, who,\\nhaving received such a charge, put them into the\\nsafest celts and made their feet secure in the\\nstocks. After such severe scourging, their con-\\ndition must have caused them great suffering, yet\\nat midnight, Paul and Silas prayed and sang\\npraises to God, and were heard by the other\\nprisoners. While, they were engaged in these de-\\nvotional exercises, a mysterious phenomenon oc-\\ncurred.\\nAs they were engaged in prayer and singing,\\nan earthquake suddenly shook the foundations of\\nthe prison, when all the doors were opened, and\\nthe chains of the prisoners were loosed, thus\\nliberating them, so that it was possible for them\\nto escape, yet no one made the attempt. When\\nthe keeper of the prison awoke from sleep by this\\nstrange occurrence, seeing the prison doors were\\nopen, he supposed the inmates had escaped, and\\nalarmed, he drew his sword intending to take his\\nown life. It was customary to hold the jailer\\nresponsible for the safe keeping of the prisoners,\\nand to subject him to the same punishment due\\nto them if he suffered them to escape. Suicide\\nwas approved among the Greeks and Romans in\\ncase of emergency, as Cato, Brutus, and Cassius,\\nbesides others, are examples,", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0254.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 221\\nWhen Paul saw what the jailer was about to\\ndo, he exclaimed in a loud voice, Do thyself no\\nharm, for we are all here. The keeper called\\nfor lights, and alarmed at the earthquake, and\\nsurprised that the prisoners had not escaped, and\\nthat Paul and Silas were so calm, he came trem-\\nbling and fell down at their feet as an act of pro-\\nfound reverence, then brought them out of\\nprison, saying, Sirs, what must I do to be\\nsaved The answer was simple, concise, and\\ndecisive. Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ and\\nthou shalt be saved, and the same blessing\\nwould be granted to the members of his family\\nwho believed. Paul and Silas preached the word\\nof -the Lord to the household of the jailer, who\\nbathed their wounds inflicted by scourging, and\\nthe same night, was baptized, together with the\\nmembers of his family who believed. When the\\njailer had brought them to his house, he gave\\nthem food to eat.\\nThe next morning, the magistrates, perhaps\\nterrified by the earthquake, an event regarded\\nby heathen nations as an omen denoting the pres-\\nence of their divinities, or they might have felt\\nthat they did wrong in sending Paul and Silas to\\nprison without a trial, sent the Serjeants, or pub-\\nlic officers who went before the magistrates with\\nthe emblems of authority to release the prison-\\ners. In Rome, they bore what Avas called fasces", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0255.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "222 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nconsisting of a bundle of rods with an axe in the\\ncentre. When the keeper of the prison received\\nthe orders of the magistrates he informed Paul,\\nsaying, Now therefore depart, and go in peace,\\nbut the apostle replied, They have beaten us\\nopenly uncondemned, being Romans, and have\\ncast us into prison. Now do they thrust us out\\nprivately Not so let them come themselves\\nand bring us out. Paul and Silas were Jews by\\nbirth, but they had been made Roman citizens,\\ntherefore entitled to the privileges of such. It\\nwas expressly forbidden that a Roman citizen\\nshould be scourged. No, said Paul, decidedly,\\nthe magistrates should come themselves and\\nbring us out of prison. When the Serjeants re-\\npeated the words of Paul to the magistrates, they\\nwere alarmed when they learned that the prison-\\ners were Roman citizens. They came and urged\\nthem to depart out of their city. The liberated\\nprisoners went to the house of Lydia, and meet-\\ning the brethren, they encouraged them and\\nthen departed from Philippi, that is Paul and\\nSilas left but, probably, Luke and Timothy re-\\nmained or sought some other field of labor. The\\nchurch at Philippi, founded 52 a. d., was regarded\\nwith special favor by the apostle.\\nThe Christians at this place were grateful for\\nthe gospel they received through Paul s labors,\\nand on several occasions sent him aid while he", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0256.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR.\\nwas in Achaia, and wrheii he was a prisoner at\\nKoine. Epaphroditus was sent by the church at\\nPhilippi as a messenger to take contributions to\\nPaul, while a prisoner at B .nd to render\\nhim needed service. H ormed his duti\\nwith such zeal that his health was impaired, and\\nwas obliged to remain some time, but the\\nnext year. 62 a. d.. Epaphroditus returned to\\nPhilippi. for the Christians the tly\\ntroubled when they heard of his illness. Paul s\\nEpistle to the Philippians was written when he\\nwas a prisoner at Pome.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0257.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XVIII.\\nNEW FIELDS OF LABOR.\\nAfter Paul and Silas left Philippi, they went\\nto Thessalonica, a seaport of Macedonia and in-\\nhabited by Greeks, Romans and Jews. In their\\njourney, they passed through Amphipolis, mean-\\ning around the city, colonized by the Athenians,\\nand made the capital of eastern Macedonia by\\nthe Romans, thence to Apollonia, formerly\\nmuch celebrated for its trade. When they ar-\\nrived at Thessalonica, Paul, as was his custom,\\nattended worship in the synagogue of the Jews,\\nand for three Sabbaths reasoned with them from\\nthe Scriptures, explaining and maintaining the\\ndoctrine that it was necessary Christ should suf-\\nfer death, and rise again, and that Jesus was the\\nMessiah, according to the Scriptures, for He was\\nborn in Bethlehem, as predicted, was of the tribe\\nof Judah, a descendant of the royal line of David,\\nthat He came at the time predicted, that His\\nmiracles^ proved He was the Christ, and that His\\nresurrection confirmed this doctrine.\\nSome of the apostle s hearers believed, includ-\\ning Greek proselytes, and women of rank and in-\\nfluence.\\n224", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0258.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 225\\nThe successful labors of the evangelists\\naroused their old enemy, the unbelieving Jews\\nwho, influenced by envy, collected a mob of idle,\\ndissipated, and worthless fellows loitering about\\nthe market-place or forum, and caused a great\\ncommotion in the city. Jason, a relative of Paul,\\nhad entertained him and Silas at his house, there-\\nfore the mob made an assault with the design of\\narresting them, but failing in their scheme, they\\nseized Jason and certain others, and forcibly con-\\nducted them to the rulers. They accused Paul\\nand Silas of Turning the world upside down,\\nwhile Jason, they said, had received these dis-\\nturbers of the public peace, whose deeds are op-\\nposed to the decrees of Caesar, since they affirm\\nthere is another king called Jesus.\\nThe rulers feared the result of mob rule, and\\nthe people feared the Komans, when they heard\\nthe charges brought against Paul and Silas.\\nJason offered security for the good conduct of\\nthe apostle and his companion, when the brethren\\nsent them directly to Berea by night. The gos-\\npel, however, had taken root in Thessalonica, and\\nPaul subsequently addressed two epistles to the\\nchurch in that city.\\nAfter leaving that place, these missionaries came\\nto Berea, a city of Macedonia, and, according to\\ntheir custom, began their labors among their own\\ncountrymen. The Bereans, it is said, were more", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0259.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "226 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ngenerous, liberal, and more disposed to examine\\ncandidly, the doctrines of the apostle, and\\nsearched the Scriptures daily to see if they were\\ntrue, than the people of Thessalonica. Many of\\nthem including women of rank and influence be-\\nlieved, but when the Jews of Thessalonica heard\\nthat Paul was preaching at Berea,they came to\\nthe city and tried to arouse the public against\\nhim, as they had previously done. This might\\nendanger the life of the apostle, therefore the\\nChristians took him to the seacoast and sent him\\nby ship to Athens, but Silas and Timothy re-\\nmained at Berea.\\nThis was Paul s first visit to this celebrated\\ncity of Greece, but his success as a preacher of\\nthe gospel there, was not great, though some of\\nthe Athenians believed, including Dionysius, the\\nAreopagite, or one connected w T ith the court of\\nthat name, perhaps as one of the judges, and a\\nwoman named Damaris, probably a person of in-\\nfluence, and some others.\\nAthens, one of the most celebrated cities of\\nantiquity, was distinguished for its political and\\nmilitary power, for the learning, eloquence, and\\naccomplished manners of its citizens, and for its\\nworks in art and science. The ancient city was\\nsurrounded by walls of great strength and width.\\nTheseus united the twelve independent states of\\nAttica in one and made Athens the capital.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0260.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 227\\nThe city was burned by Xerxes the Persian, 480\\nB. c, but was rebuilt by Pericles 460-429, B. c,\\nin whose time it reached its greatest splendor.\\nIt depended chiefly upon the public buildings for\\nits architectural renown. The Acropolis con-\\ntained works that were the pride of the Athe-\\nnians, comprising paintings, sculptures, and other\\nworks of art.\\nThe Parthenon contained the temple of Mi-\\nnerva, a building 217 feet in length and 98 in\\nbreadth, which was destroyed by the Persians\\nbut rebuilt by Pericles with greater splendor\\nthan the first building. It contained the statue\\nof Minerva, the work of Phidias, made of ivory,\\nthirty-nine feet in height, and covered with pure\\ngold. Without the walls of the city were tem-\\nples dedicated to the gods, but the one called the\\nTemple of Jupiter Olympus surpassed every other\\nbuilding of Athens, in magnificence. About the\\nexterior were one hundred and twenty fluted\\ncolumns sixty feet in height, and with its courts,\\nit covered half a mile in circumference.\\nThe Acropolis was a steep rock in the centre\\nof the city, about 150 feet high, 1,150 feet long\\nand 500 broad, while its summit was covered\\nwith temples, statues, and other works of art, but\\none of the most distinguished buildings, next to\\nthe Temple of Jupiter Olympus, perhaps, was the\\nParthenon. North of this was the Erechtheum,", "height": "4682", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0261.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "228 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ncontaining three separate temples, and near these\\nbuildings was the colossal statue of Athene or\\nMinerva, whose helmet and spear were the first\\nobjects visible from the sea. The walls of ancient\\nAthens enclosed a larger space than the modern\\ncity.\\nThe hills, including Mars Hill, which gave the\\nname to the celebrated court that assembled\\nthere, the Hill of the Nymphs, and the Pnyx,\\nwhere, in early times, popular assemblies were\\nheld, but later at the Theatre of Bacchus. Temples\\nwere dedicated to Mars, Juno, and a large number\\nof other gods. Among other noted buildings were\\nthe Senate House, the Tholus, where Spartan\\nheroes offered their sacrifices, the Stoae, or halls\\nsupported by columns and used as places of resort\\nin the heat of the day. There were three build-\\nings or theatres for contests in vocal and instru-\\nmental music. The monument of Andronicus,\\ncalled also the Tower of the Winds, and the\\nmonument sometimes erroneously called the\\nLantern of Demosthenes, are said to be still\\nin existence. The Academia was an institution\\nof the ancient city, and the tombs of the Athe-\\nnians killed in battle, were in a suburb northwest\\nof the town.\\nAfter the Roman conquest, Athens became a\\nflourishing city, and during the early centuries of\\nthe Christian era, it was one of the chief seats of", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0262.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 229\\nlearning to which the Romans were accustomed\\nto send their sons to complete their education.\\nThis remarkable city has suffered from the\\ncalamities of war, and has several times been\\ncaptured, destroyed, and rebuilt. The last con-\\nquest was by the Turks in the early period of the\\nnineteenth century, but it has since been recovered\\nby the Greeks, and the gospel has been introduced\\nby missionaries since the visit of Paul, many\\ncenturies ago.\\nThe apostle, while at Athens, sent for Silas\\nand Timothy, who were at Berea, to come as soon\\nas possible, and while waiting for them, he had\\nan opportunity to observe the moral condition of\\nits citizens, who were grossly devoted to the\\nworship of false gods, a fact confirmed by co-\\ntemporary historians. The temples, altars, and\\nidols were so numerous, that it was said, It was\\neasier to find a god than a man.\\nPaul, the man of culture, who, doubtless, knew\\nsomething of Greek art and learning, while wait-\\ning for his companions, was more affected by the\\nidolatry of the inhabitants than by the splendor\\nand magnificence of the city, therefore he rea-\\nsoned with any one who would listen to him,\\nincluding Jews, devout persons, or Jewish pros-\\nelytes, and with those he met in the market-\\nplace or forum. Athens was distinguished above\\nall other cities, for its philosophers, therefore", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0263.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "230 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthere were various schools or sects, including the\\nEpicureans named for Epicurus, who lived about\\n300 B. c. They denied that God created the\\nworld, or that the gods had any interest in\\nhuman affairs; neither did they believe in the\\nimmortality of the soul. One of their prominent\\ndoctrines was that pleasure was the chief good,\\nand that virtue was to be practiced only as it\\ncontributed to this end, but Epicurus intended\\nonly rational pleasure controlled by common\\nsense. His followers, however, sought happiness\\nin sensuality and other corrupt practices.\\nThe Stoics were a sect of philosophers named\\nfrom Stoa, the Greek for porch or portico, because\\nZeno, the founder of the sect, taught in a porch\\nat Athens. He was a native of Cyprus, but\\ntaught in this city forty-eight years, and died 264\\nB. c, at the age of ninety-six years. The Stoics be-\\nlieved that God was the Creator of the universe,\\nthat all things were settled by the Fates, and that\\nGod even was under their dominion that happi-\\nness consisted in the insensibility of the soul to\\npain, and that man should gain absolute mastery\\nover all the passions and affections of his nature,\\nand that matter was eternal. There was, how-\\never, a want of uniformity of belief among their\\nmembers. They were strict in their views of\\nvirtue, and were boastful of their own right-\\neousness.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0266.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 231\\nSome of the philosophers of the Epicureans and\\nthe Stoics contended with Paul, and said with a\\nsneer, What will this babbler say? Others*\\naffirmed that he taught the existence of strange\\ngods, because he preached of Jesus and the resur-\\nrection. They conducted Paul to Areopagus or\\nMars Hill, where the supreme judges of Athens\\nassembled, saying, May we know what this new\\ndoctrine of which thou speakest is? Their\\nobject appears to have been, not to try him, but\\nto understand more fully the doctrines he taught\\nthey were willing to hear before they passed\\njudgment. Athens, it has been shown, was dis-\\ntinguished for its schools of philosophy, its art\\nand learning, and was the resort of people from\\nother countries who desired to become acquainted\\nwith its institutions and listen to its sages. The\\nAthenians and strangers, it is said, spent all\\ntheir time in hearing and telling something\\nnew. This habit is mentioned by several an-\\ncient writers, and it is stated there were more\\nthan three hundred public places in the city,\\nwhere the people were accustomed to meet for\\nconversation and inquiry.\\nIt was inthe presence of the philosophers and\\nlearned men of Athens, who regarded him with\\ncontempt and called him a babbler, that Paul\\nwas to preach the gospel. His personal appear-\\nance and nationality would not be favorable to", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0267.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "232 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nhis success, yet he did not hesitate to perform\\nwhat he considered his duty. Paul advanced,\\nand, standing in the court of the Areopagites, he\\nexplained the doctrines he had proclaimed, only\\nan outline of which, probably, the sacred writer\\nhas afforded, but sufficient to give an idea of the\\nmanner he adopted with the Greek philosophers.\\nThe speaker was calm, serious, and respectful in\\nhis argument, and understood the character of his\\naudience. He began, Ye men of Athens, I per-\\nceive you have a great reverence for the gods, for\\nas I passed by and beheld your altars, I saw one\\nwith the inscription, To the unknown God.\\nHim whom ye worship ignorantly, I make known\\nto you. It was customary in heathen lands to\\nerect altars to unknown divinities.\\nThe main object of the apostle s discourse was\\nto convince his hearers of the folly and sin of\\nidolatry, and the necessity of repentance. He\\nsaid, God, the Creator of all things and Lord of\\nthe heavens and the earth, does not dwell in\\ntemples constructed by human hands, neither is\\nHe sustained by any offerings presented to Him,\\nsince He is the source of life to every living\\ncreature, and has made all nations of one blood,\\nthat is, they all descended from the same ances-\\ntor, however different in complexion, features,\\nlanguage, etc., therefore, in a broad sense, they\\nwere all brethren that God had designated their", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0268.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 233\\nfuture abodes, referring to the dispersion of the\\nrace, that they should seek the Lord when they be-\\nhold His wonderful works, for, said the speaker,\\nit is by Him we live, and are His offspring, as\\ncertain of your poets have said. This is an evi-\\ndence that Paul was acquainted with Greek\\nliterature, and shows his skill in addressing his\\naudience. The conclusion was, that if we are\\nthe children of God, it is absurd to suppose He\\ncan be represented by images made of gold,\\nsilver, stone, or any other material, by the hand\\nof man.\\nPaul affirmed that during the long period be-\\nfore the introduction of the gospel, the Creator\\nexercised great forbearance toward idolatrous\\nnations, but now He commancleth all persons\\neverywhere to repent, for He hath appointed a\\nday in which He will judge the world in right-\\neousness, by the One whom He hath raised\\nfrom the dead.\\nWhen they heard of the resurrection, some of\\nthe philosophers derided him, while others said,\\nWe will hear thee again about this matter.\\nNone of the Greeks, except a few, accepted\\nPaul s doctrines, and he soon left Athens, with-\\nout establishing a church.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0269.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XIX.\\nNEW FIELDS OF LABOR CONCLUDED.\\nAs the apostle found Athens a barren field\\nfor Christian labor, and believed there was no\\nprospect of success, he left for Corinth, a popu-\\nlous and wealthy city, but one of the most luxu-\\nrious and dissolute, yet he was successful in found-\\ning a church there, to which he subsequently ad-\\ndressed two epistles. A brief description of this\\nancient city is as follows\\nIt was situated on the isthmus which separates\\nthe Peloponnesus from Attica, and on account of\\nits position, was of great commercial importance\\nthis advantage contributed to the wealth and\\nluxury of the citizens. It was built on the north\\nside of Mt. Acro-Corinthus, which is 1,900 feet in\\nheight and between 600 and 700 feet in circum-\\nference. This Mount served as the citadel of\\nCorinth, which has two harbors, one on the east\\nside and one on the west side. In early times its\\ngreat commercial importance was maintained by\\na powerful navy, and here were built the first\\ntriremes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 vessels or galleys, with three benches\\nof oars on one side, and the first sea-fight on\\n234", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0270.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 235\\nrecord, is said to have been fought between the\\nCorinthians and the Corcyraens. At an early\\nperiod, Corinth established colonies in various\\nregions. The city was adorned with magnificent\\nbuildings, and in no other Grecian town, except\\nAthens, were the fine arts advanced with such\\nvigor and success. Corinth rose in magnitude\\nand grandeur, while its temples, palaces, theatres,\\nand other public buildings, adorned with columns\\nand statues, were the pride of its inhabitants and\\nthe admiration of strangers. The or.der or style\\nof architecture designated The Corinthian, dis-\\ntinguished for its ornate column, originated in\\nthis city. Some of its celebrated works of art\\nwere the citadel, the grottoes over the Fountain\\nPyrene, constructed of white marble and sacred\\nto the Muses, the theatre and stadium of the\\nsame material, the Temple of Neptune with the\\nchariots of that deity, and also that of his wife,\\nAmphitrite, drawn by horses covered with gold.\\nThe avenue leading to the Temple of Neptune\\nwas decorated on one side with the statues of\\nthose who were successful at the Isthmian games,\\nand on the other side with rows of tall pines.\\nThe Isthmian games were one of the great\\nnational festivities of Greece, celebrated on the\\nIsthmus of Corinth in April or May every al-\\nternate year. They consisted of all kinds of\\nathletic sports, and also contests in music and", "height": "4683", "width": "3118", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0271.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "236 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\npoetry. The prize was a simple garland of pine\\nleaves.\\nCorinth was celebrated for its learning and was\\ncalled by Cicero, The Light of all Greece. It\\ncontained schools in which philosophy and rhetoric\\nwere publicly taught, therefore strangers from\\nother countries came thither to complete their\\neducation. It was said as a commendation, that\\nIt does not fall to the lot of every one to visit\\nCorinth, but the fame of this celebrated city was\\nfearfully dishonored by the immorality of its in-\\nhabitants. The worship of Venus prevailed, and\\na large number of her votaries were maintained\\nin her temple. Such was the condition of this\\ndistinguished city, when Paul introduced the gos-\\npel, about 52 a. D., and continued to labor there\\nnearly two years. He gained many converts, or-\\nganized a Christian church to which, subse-\\nquently, he wrote two epistles, the first written\\nat Ephesus, in which he reproves the Corinthian\\ndisciples for their unchristian conduct. The ad-\\nmonition led them to reform. His second epistle\\nwas sent to them from Macedonia. Paul made a\\nsecond visit to Corinth and remained three\\nmonths, and then left for Jerusalem, but before\\nhis departure, he wrote his Epistle to the Romans.\\nThe form of government in ancient Corinth\\nvaried from monarchy to oligarchy, then to aris-\\ntocracy, but it maintained its independence until", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0272.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 237\\nthe Macedonian supremacy, when its citadel was\\ngarrisoned by Macedonian troops that were ex-\\npelled, however, when Corinth joined the Achaean\\nLeague. It was taken by Mummius, the Eoman\\nconsul, the inhabitants were sold as slaves, its\\nworks of art destroyed or conveyed to Rome, its\\nbuildings demolished, and for a century, it lay in\\nruins, except the buildings on the Acropolis and\\na few temples. In 46 B. c, it was rebuilt by\\nCaesar, who established there a colony of veterans\\nand descendants of freedmen. It became the\\ncapital of the Roman provinces of Achaia and\\nrecovered its former prosperity, but the inhabit-\\nants still pursued their profligate habits, as faul\\nintimates in his epistles to them.\\nThe only remains of the ancient city are sev-\\neral Doric columns. Since the beginning of the\\nChristian era, Corinth has been plundered,\\nburned, and nearly destroyed by an earthquake.\\nAfter Paul arrived at Corinth, he found a\\nChristian Jew, named Aquila, a native of Pontus\\nin Asia, whose wife was Priscilla. The apostle\\nmade his home at their house for a time, and\\nworked at his trade of tent-making, the same as\\nthat of his host. Claudius, the Roman emperor,\\nhad banished all Jews from Rome, suspecting\\nthem, justly or unjustly, of inciting insurrections,\\ntherefore dangerous to the safety of the city.\\nAquila, probably, did not consider it safe to re-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0273.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "238 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nmain in Italy, therefore he came to Corinth. For\\nsome reason, Paul left the house of Aquila and\\nlodged with Justus, living near the Jewish syna-\\ngogue, who was a convert from paganism. It\\nhas been supposed that the apostle changed his\\nlodgings that he might have more influence with\\nthe Gentiles.\\nWhen Paul left Corinth, Aquila and Priscilla\\naccompanied him as far as Ephesus, on his way\\nto Jerusalem. They afterward returned to\\nRome, and in his Epistle to the Romans, the\\napostle sent his salutations to them, whom he\\ncalls his helpers in Christ Jesus. He also\\nmentions Aquila in his second Epistle to Tim-\\nothy.\\nPaul had been educated as a doctor of law, by\\nGamaliel, yet he was taught a mechanic s trade,\\nthat of tent-making. Tents in oriental countries\\nwere very necessary, therefore the occupation of\\nmaking them might have been profitable. Though\\nPaul labored at his trade during the week, his\\nSabbaths were spent in the synagogues where he\\nproclaimed the gospel to Jews and Gentiles.\\nHe had previously sent for Silas and Timothy,\\nwhom he had left at Berea, and after they ar-\\nrived at Corinth, their presence inspired him\\nwith new courage, when he felt constrained to\\ntestify to the Jews, that Jesus was Christ. When\\nthey opposed him even with blasphemy, the", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0274.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 239\\napostle shook bis raiment, a sign that he would\\nhenceforth have nothing more to do with them,\\nand said, Your blood be upon yo ur own heads\\nI am not to blame for your destruction. Hence-\\nforth I go to the Gentiles. There were, how-\\never, some of his countrymen who believed, in-\\ncluding Crispus, the chief ruler of the synagogue,\\nand his family. Many of the Corinthians be-\\nlieved and were baptized. It is possible that\\nPaul felt his insignificance when he saw the\\nsplendor of Corinth and the wealth and culture of\\nits citizens, and on this account was embarrassed\\nin view of his duty to address them, therefore he\\nhad a vision in the night when the Lord spake to\\nhim, saying, Be not afraid, but speak, for I am\\nwith thee, and no one shall harm thee. I have\\nmany true friends in this city. It was not the\\ncustom of the apostle to tarry a long time in the\\nsame city, though he remained at Ephesus three\\nyears, yet he labored in Corinth one year and six\\nmonths, during which he founded a church. He\\nwas not, however, permitted to pursue his Chris-\\ntian labors without persecution, for his persistent\\nenemy, the Jews, caused an insurrection, seized\\nPaul and forcibly conducted him to the judgment\\nseat intending to arraign him as a disturber of\\nthe public peace. Their charge was, This fel-\\nlow persuadeth men to worship God contrary to\\nthe law. Gallio was the Roman deputy of", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0275.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "240 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nAchaia at this time. After the Roman conquest,\\nGreece was divided into two provinces, namely,\\nMacedonia and Achaia, which were governed\\nby pro-consuls. Gallio, the pro-consul, or deputy\\nof Achaia, A. D. 53, was the brother of Seneca,\\nthe celebrated philosopher. His original name\\nwas Marcus A. Novatus, but when adopted by\\nGallio a rhetorician, he took his name. He is\\nrepresented by ancient writers as remarkably\\nmild and amiable in disposition.\\nThe Jews aroused the people as they had on\\nformer occasions at Antioch, Philippi, and other\\nplaces, when Paul was seized and brought to the\\ntribunal of Gallio, charged with the offence of\\npersuading men to worship God contrary to the\\nlaw of both Jews and Romans. When Paul was\\nabout to make his defence, Gallio settled the\\nquestion in a brief and decisive manner. He\\nsaid, If it was a matter of injustice and crime,\\nO Jews, I would listen to you, but if it is one of\\nwords and names only, I will be no judge of such\\nmatters. Then he commanded them to depart\\nfrom the court, when the Greeks who had wit-\\nnessed the persecutions of Paul by the Jews, took\\nSosthenes the chief ruler of the synagogue, and\\nbeat him before the judgment-seat, but Gallio\\ndid not interfere to prevent it. He may have\\nthought the ruler of the synagogue deserved his\\npunishment or he may have regarded the Jews", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0276.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOB. 241\\nwith contempt. It has been the practice of using\\nthe name of Gallio unjustly, as a synonym for all\\nthoughtless and indifferent conduct on the sub-\\nject of religion. In regard to the chief ruler of\\nthe synagogue, who was beaten, he may have be-\\ncome a convert to Christianity, since Paul, in his\\nEpistle to the Corinthians, speaks of Sosthenes\\nour brother.\\nAfter the incident about Gallio, Paul remained\\nsome time at Corinth, then bade adieu to the\\nbrethren and embarked on board a ship for Syria,\\nwith Aquila and Priscilla, his design being to go\\nto Jerusalem to attend a festival, which may\\nhave been the Passover. Paul being a Jew, ob-\\nserved the customs of his nation, even after his\\nconversion, when they were not opposed to his\\nChristian belief. He had made a vow or solemn\\npromise to God, the nature of which is not men-\\ntioned, and when he arrived at Cenchrea, the\\neastern part of Corinth, he had his hair cut, at\\nthe expiration of the vow. Now were com-\\nmon among the Jews, the most remarkable being\\nthe vow of the Nazarite, when all intoxicating\\nliquors must be avoided, the hair must be left to\\ngrow, a house must not be entered containing a\\ncorpse, nor a funeral attended. The time for\\nthe expiration of the vow varied from eight\\ndays to the end of one s life. When the time\\nended, the priest offered sacrifices and then the", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0277.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "242 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nhead of the Nazarite was shaved at the door of\\nthe Tabernacle, and the hair was burned on the\\naltar.\\nWhen Paul arrived at Ephesus, he went into\\nthe synagogue and reasoned with the Jews w T ho\\nwere numerous in the city, and had been granted\\nthe privilege of citizenship. His visit was brief,\\nand when the disciples urged him to remain\\nlonger, he declined, saying/ 44 He must keep the\\nfestival at Jerusalem, but if it w^as the will of\\nGod, he would retftrn to them. This he did\\nand remained three years preaching the gospel.\\nAfter bidding the disciples farewell, he sailed\\nfrom Ephesus, leaving Aquila and Priscilla.\\nEphesus was a celebrated city in the province\\nof Lydia, Asia Minor, about five miles from the\\nsea. It was famous for the Temple of Diana to\\nwhom the Ephesians paid great reverence. It\\nwas built outside the walls of the city, and was\\nconsidered one of the Wonders of the world.\\nIt was greatly damaged by an earthquake in the\\nreign of the Emperor Tiberias, who repaired and\\nadorned it so that it was styled The Ornament\\nof Asia. Some of the other public buildings\\nwere the theatre, gymnasia, and Temple of\\nJupiter. Ephesus came under the control of dif-\\nferent rulers, as Croesus, the Persians, Mace-\\ndonians, Komans, and Moslems. It was highly\\nfavored by the Greeks, and considered the most", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0278.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 243\\nimportant city in Asia Minor, by the Romans,\\nbut no relics of its former greatness remain.\\nThe Ephesians are supposed to have invented the\\nmystical spells and charms by which they pre-\\ntended to cure diseases and drive away evil spirits.\\nPaul founded a Christian church in Ephesus to\\nwhich he addressed one of his epistles, and here\\nthe Apostle John and Timothy labored. It was\\none of the Seven Churches addressed in the\\nBook of Revelation, in which* the writer com-\\nmended the members for their works, but accuses\\nthem of having left their first love, and threatens\\nthe removal of their candlestick from its place\\nunless they repented, a prophecy that has been\\nfulfilled.\\nThe candlestick or lamp was used as a figure\\nof speech, and was the emblem of the Seven\\nChristian churches of Asia. The one made in\\nthe time of Moses was of pure gold, and was kept\\nin the Holy Place of the Tabernacle. It had\\nseven branches, one placed in the centre, and\\nthree on each side of the centre one. In the\\nTemple of Solomon, there were ten gold candle-\\nsticks or lamps, supplied -morning and evening\\nwith pure olive oil. The golden candlestick with\\nother articles, was taken by the Romans from\\nthe Temple at the conquest of Jerusalem and\\nplaced by Vespasian in a temple dedicated to\\nPeace.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0279.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER XX.\\nMISSIONARY EXCURSIONS.\\nPaul, after leaving Ephesus, sailed for Cesarea\\nwhere he landed to salute the brethren, as an ex-\\npression of his regard and affection for them.\\nThence he went to Antioch in Syria. Cesarea\\nwas a name given to several cities of the Roman\\nEmpire. The one referred to in this place was\\nsurrounded by a wall and contained magnificent\\nbuildings erected by Herod the Great. It was\\nsituated on the coast of the Mediterranean about\\nsixty-two miles northw r est of Jerusalem, and was\\nnamed in honor of Augustus Caesar, to whom a\\ntemple was dedicated, in which w T as placed a\\nstatue of the Roman emperor the city became\\nthe seat of the governor w r hile Judea was a Ro-\\nman province. Within the space of ten years\\nafter the foundation was laid, Cesarea became\\nthe most flourishing city in Syria, but at the\\npresent day it is in ruins, with scarcely a trace\\nof its former magnificence. Its inhabitants,\\npalaces, temples, and works of art, have all dis-\\nappeared.\\nThe apostle spent some time at Antioch, when\\n244", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0280.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 245\\nhe revisited Galatia, and Phrygia, provinces in\\nAsia Minor, for the purpose of encouraging the\\ndisciples and confirming them in the Christian\\ndoctrines. They were converts from paganism,\\nand perhaps, encouragement amid the dangers to\\nwhich they were exposed, was timely and nec-\\nessary.\\nApollos, a contemporary of Paul, and a Chris-\\ntian laborer, was a Jew, born in Alexandria,\\nEgypt, where there were many of his country-\\nmen. This city was founded by Alexander the\\nGreat, and was celebrated for its schools of learn-\\ning, and it is probable that Apollos enjoyed their\\nadvantages for an education. He was well in-\\nstructed by his kindred, in the Old Testament,\\nespecially about the advent of the Messiah whom\\nthe Jews were expecting would soon appear.\\nBeing zealous and ardent, he boldly proclaimed\\nhis views in the synagogue at Ephesus. When\\nAquila and Priscilla heard him, they perceived\\nthat he needed clearer and more definite ideas on\\nthe subject, therefore they instructed him more\\nperfectly, by proving that the Messiah had al-\\nready come in the person of Jesus.\\nApollos decided to go to Achaia, when the\\nbrethren at Ephesus gave him a letter of intro-\\nduction to the Christians in that region. Many\\nof the Greeks were captivated by his eloquence,\\nfind the Jews were silenoed by his strong argu-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0281.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "246 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nmerits, proving from their Scriptures, that Jesus\\nof Nazareth was the Messiah predicted by the\\nprophets.\\nIt is supposed his great popularity tended to\\ncause a schism in the Christian church, since\\nPaul, in his Epistle to the Corinthians, alludes to\\nsuch an event. It is reported, says the apostle,\\nthat some of the disciples say I am of Paul,\\nsome, I am of Apollos, and others, I am of\\nCephas. He then reproves them and says, Who\\nis Paul, and who Apollos, but ministers by whom\\nye believe? I have planted, Apollos watered,\\nbut God gave the increase. He that planted,\\nand he that watered are one.\\nPaul and Apollos were not separated, but\\nlabored together in the same cause, on friendly\\nterms.\\nWhile Apollos was at Corinth, Paul, having\\ntravelled in his missionary tour through Phrygia\\nand Galatia, called the upper regions, because they\\nwere situated on a high table-land in Asia Minor,\\ncame to Ephesus, according to his promise, and\\nfound there certain disciples who had embraced\\nthe doctrines of John the Baptist. The apostle\\ninquired whether they had received the Holy\\nGhost, and they replied, We have not heard\\nwhether there is any Holy Ghost. After some\\nexplanation by Paul, they were baptized in the\\nname of the Lord Jesus, and when the apostle", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0282.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 247\\nlaid his hands upon them, their number being\\nabout twelve men, the Holy Spirit endowed them\\nwith the power of prophecy, and the gift of speak-\\ning foreign languages, as on the day of Pentecost.\\nAs was Paul s custom, he proclaimed the\\ngospel to his own countrymen in their synagogue,\\nfor three months, but when many of them op-\\nposed and misrepresented him, he separated the\\ndisciples from their influence, while he taught\\ndaily in the school or hall of Tyrannus for two\\nyears, so that all who dwelt in Asia Minor\\nheard the gospel of the Lord Jesus, both Jews\\nand Greeks. It is not known who Tyrannus\\nwas, but it is probable he was a Jew, and per-\\nhaps favorable to Christians. There were no\\nchurch buildings at that time, and the disciples\\nwere obliged to assemble in any place convenient\\nfor public worship. Miracles were wrought by\\nthe apostle, so that handkerchiefs or napkins\\nused by him, when brought to the sick or those\\npossessed by evil spirits, were cured. The Jews\\ngenerally believed in exorcism, or the power to,\\ncure diseases and cast out demons, by means of\\ncharms, incantations, etc. A certain Jew called\\nSceva, a Greek name, and who belonged to the\\norder of priests, had seven sons who claimed this\\npower, and went from place to place, exercising\\ntheir pretended authority. They commonly used\\nthe name of God in their enchantments. On a cer-", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0283.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "248 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ntain occasion they attempted to cast out an evil\\nspirit by saying, We adjure you by Jesus whom\\nPaul preaches. The answer came, Jesus I\\nknow, and Paul I know but who are ye The\\nman possessed by the demon, sprang at them,\\ntore off their garments, compelling them to\\nescape naked and wounded.\\nWhen this surprising incident was known to\\nthe Jews and the Greeks at Ephesus, they were\\nastonished and afraid, and confessed their decep-\\ntion in using magical arts, and brought their\\nbooks or parchments explaining their incanta\\ntions, and publicly burned them, the cost being\\nestimated at 50,000 pieces of silver, the exact\\nvalue of which is uncertain. If they referred to\\nthe Jewish shekel, they were equal to about\\n$25,000, but if to Greek or Roman coin, they\\nwere far less. Since Ephesus was in a Roman\\nprovince, it is probable the currency was Roman,\\ntherefore the loss to the magicians was between\\n$8,000, and $9,000. However, it was a large\\nsum for those magicians to sacrifice, and their\\nact proved they were willing to confess their\\nwrongdoings, publicly. This transaction greatly\\nadvanced the cause of Christianity in the cele-\\nbrated city of Ephesus, and showed to the\\nheathen what an influence it had on its fol-\\nlowers.\\nAfter the gospel was firmly established at", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0284.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0285.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0286.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 249\\nEphesus, the apostle decided, that after he had\\ntravelled through Macedonia and Achaia again,\\nhe would go to Jerusalem to carry the contribu-\\ntions of the Gentile churches to the poor Chris-\\ntians in Judea. Paul sent Timothy and Erastus, a\\nchataberlain or treasurer of Corinth, to Macedonia,\\nperhaps for the purpose of making a collection\\nfor the needy saints at Jerusalem, but the apostle\\nhimself remained at Ephesus for a time, when a\\ngreat public excitement occurred about the doc-\\ntrines taught by him. The tumult was caused\\nby a certain silversmith named Demetrius, who\\nmade silver shrines for the goddess Diana.\\nThis was a profitable business for Demetrius\\nand his craftsmen. These shrines were small\\nportable temples, which may have contained a\\nsilver image of the goddess, therefore they would\\nbe purchased by worshippers, a great number of\\nwhom came to Ephesus to offer her their homage.\\nThe pagans were in the habit of carrying with\\nthem the representation of their gods as amulets\\nor charms. Among the Romans, their household\\ngods were called Penates. When Demetrius had\\ncalled together the silversmiths, he addressed\\nthem in substance as follows Sirs, ye know\\nthat by this craft we gain our wealth, but you\\nare aware that not only at Ephesus, but through-\\nout A sia Minor, Paul has gained many followers,\\nm has affirmed that these images made by the", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0287.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "250 BIBLE CHARACTERS,\\nhand of man, are not gods. Moreover, the great\\ngoddess Diana, whom all the world worships, is\\ndespised, and her magnificent temple will be\\ndeserted. 1\\nThis celebrated temple has been considered as\\none of the seven wonders of the ancient world.\\nIt was built at the expense of all Asia Minor, and\\nrequired two hundred and twenty years to com-\\nplete it. The temple was reconstructed several\\ntimes. It was, as formerly stated, four hundred\\nand twenty -five feet in length, and two hundred\\nand twenty feet in width, and was supported by\\none hundred and twenty-seven pillars of Parian\\nmarble, furnished by as many princes. It has\\nbeen estimated that each pillar or column, in-\\ncluding its base, contained one hundred and fifty\\ntons of marble. The doors and pannelling were\\nof cyprus wood, and the roof was of cedar, while\\nthe interior was decorated with gold and the\\nmost valuable works of ancient artists. The\\nfirst Temple of Diana, at Ephesus, is said to have\\nbeen completed in the reign of Servius Tullius,\\nabout 570 b. c. It was finally destroyed by the\\nGoths, 260 A. D., but no vestige of it remains.\\nIs it not possible that artisans, who constructed\\nthe Temple of Diana, borrowed some of their ideas\\nfrom the Temple of Solomon, at Jerusalem\\nWhen Demetrius had closed his appeal to the\\ncitizens, they were very angry, probably at the", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0288.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 251\\nprospect of losing their gains, and shouted for\\ntwo hours, Great is Diana of the Ephesians,\\ncausing a great commotion throughout the city.\\nThe excited Ephesians seized Gaius and Aristar-\\nchus, companions of Paul, and rushed with their\\nprisoners into the theatre, a place not only for\\npublic exhibitions, but also for holding assem-\\nblies, elections, and courts, with the intention of\\nhaving the matter settled. Paul intended to\\nfollow the excited mob, probably to defend his\\nown cause, but he was advised by certain friends\\nnot to venture into the theatre, for if he did, his\\nlife might be in danger. These friends, denomi-\\nnated chiefs of Asia, were men presiding over\\nreligious services, and public games, and whose\\nduty it was to see that due honor was rendered\\nto the Roman emperor. They held a common\\ncouncil in the principal city of the provinces, for\\nconsultation, and, probably, they were assembled\\nat Ephesus when the exciting events just men-\\ntioned occurred. They, perhaps, had listened to\\nPaul s preaching and were friendly to him, though\\nthere is no positive evidence that they were\\nChristian converts. We have in this account a\\ncorrect representation of a mob collected for a\\npurpose they did not understand, as some shouted\\none thing, and some another, but all were swayed\\nby their passions, so that the chiefs of Asia, or\\nthe assembly, were confused, and most of them did", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0289.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "252 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nnot understand why they had been called together.\\nSome of the crowd, assisted by the Jews, laid\\nhold of Alexander, one of their countrymen, and\\nbringing him to the front, desired him to defend\\nthem against the suspicion that they were the\\noriginators of the tumult. The native citizens,\\nwhen thev learned that he was a Jew, with one\\nvoice, that is unitedly, shouted for two hours,\\nGreat is Diana of the Ephesians.\\nWhen the town-clerk, or secretary, had quieted\\nthe tumult, he addressed the crowd, saying, Ye\\nmen of Ephesus, who does not know that the peo-\\nple of this city are devout worshippers of the\\ngreat goddess Diana, whose statue was sent down\\nby Jupiter Since no one can question the zeal\\nof the Ephesians, ye ought to be quiet, and do\\nnothing rashly, for there is no occasion for a dis-\\norderly riot. Demetrius and his -associates have\\nbrought here these men, who are neither robbers\\nof temples nor blasphemers of your goddess.\\nWherefore, if Demetrius and his craftsmen have\\nany complaint for injustice or injury done them,\\nlet the matter be brought before the deputies, or\\nRoman procurators, where they can plead their\\nown cause, and if you wish to settle other matters\\nrespecting public affairs, such as relate to the\\nworship of Diana, it will be proper to bring them\\nbefore a lawful assembly. We are in danger of\\nbeing called to account by the Roman govern-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0290.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 253\\nment for this day s uproar, there being no just\\ncause for it, and having thus spoken, he dismissed\\nthe assembly. The Romans avoided popular com-\\nmotions, and they made it a capital offence to\\nraise a mob.\\nAfter the tumult, excited by Demetrius, and\\nthe workmen had been quieted by the town-\\nclerk, Paul called together the disciples to .com-\\nfort and encourage them, and gave them his\\nparting embrace, when he left for Macedonia, on\\nhis way to Jerusalem. It is probable he went\\nby the way of Troas, where he expected to\\nfind Titus, but failing in this, he went by himself\\nto Philippi, Thessalonica, and some other places\\npreviously visited, to encourage the disciples, then\\ncame to Greece, where he remained three months.\\nIt was usual for some of the brethren to attend\\nthe apostles in their journeys, as before stated,\\ntherefore, on this occasion, there were several\\nwho accompanied Paul to Asia, they having gone\\nbefore and joined him at Troas. The writer uses\\nthe word us in his narrative, proving that Luke\\nhad again joined Paul as his companion. He\\nhad remained at Philippi as a guest of Lydia,\\nwhile Paul went to Athens, Corinth, Ephesus,\\nand other places, preaching the gospel. He says\\nthat after the feast of the Passover, we sailed\\nfrom Philippi and five days after, came to -Troas\\nwhere we remained seven days. While at this", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0291.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "254 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nplace, the disciples met to celebrate the Lord s\\nSupper, in an upper chamber, lighted by numer-\\nous lamps. Here Paul, who was to leave on the\\nmorrow, preach \u00c2\u00a7d to them and continued his\\nsermon until midnight. There sat in a window\\nwhich was left open, a young man named Euty-\\nchus, who, wearied by the long discourse, yielded\\nto the influence of sleep and fell down from the\\nthird story, when he was taken up for dead.\\nPaul left his hearers, and going down embraced\\nhim, saying, Trouble not yourselves, for his life\\nis in him. When Paul returned to the upper\\nroom and had taken some refreshment, and dis-\\ncoursed a long time, even until the break of day,\\nhe departed. The friends of Eutychus were\\ngreatly comforted when they saw the miracle\\nthat had been wrought in his recovery from\\ninjury.\\nPaul went from Philippi to Assos on foot, pre-\\nferring that method of travel when practicable.\\nThere were several cities named Assos, but the\\none mentioned in this connection was between\\nTroas and Mitylene, the capital of the island of\\nLesbos, one of the largest in the JEgean Sea.\\nThe capital was distinguished for the beauty of\\nits situation and the magnificence of its build-\\nings. It passed through many changes and held\\nan important position, but finally came under\\nthe control of the Romans. The Island of Lesbos", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0292.jp2"}, "281": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT OB A TOE. 255\\nwas, in early Greek history, celebrated as the\\noriginal place of the ^Eolian school of lyric\\npoetry, and the home of several lyric poets, in-\\ncluding Sappho. Besides poetry, philosophy and\\nliterature flourished here, and it was the home\\nof many historians and other learned men.\\nThe sacred writer says, We sailed from Mity-\\nlene, and passing by Chios or Coos, an island in\\nthe Archipelago, and the next day arrived at\\nSamos, also an island in the same sea, both cele-\\nbrated in ancient times for their excellent wines.\\nSamos, now called Scio, was the scene of a fear-\\nful massacre of the inhabitants by the Turks in\\n1823. Paul and his companions stopped at Tro-\\ngylium, a town on the coast opposite Samos, and\\nthe next day arrived at Miletus or Miletum, a\\nseaport, and the ancient capital of Ionia, origi-\\nnally settled by a colony from Crete. It was the\\nbirthplace of Thales, one of the Seven wise\\nmen of Greece. It became a powerful city and\\nsent colonies to several places, and was celebrated\\nfor a magnificent temple of Apollo. The apostle\\ndecided not to stop at Ephesus, since it would\\ndelay his visit to Jerusalem, where he wished to\\ncelebrate the feast of the Passover, but he sent for\\nthe elders of the church who came a distance, per-\\nhaps of forty miles, aad when they arrived, he ad-\\ndressed them in one of the most tender, affec-\\ntionate and eloquent discourses ever delivered.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0293.jp2"}, "282": {"fulltext": "256 BIBLE- CHARACTERS.\\nIt describes the apostle s life when among them\\nand expresses his interest and concern for their\\nwelfare, and his firm purpose to live and labor for\\nthe glory of God, even though suffering perse-\\ncution. Paul had been with the Ephesians three\\nyears and could, with propriety, make this ap-\\npeal, since they had witnessed his faithful labors\\nand devoted life. He affirms that he discharged\\nhis duties in humility and without pride or osten-\\ntation, and with tears and great dangers on ac-\\ncount of the conspiracies of his countrymen to\\nmurder him. I kept from you, says the apostle,\\nnothing profitable in the way of doctrine, and\\nhave ^taught you publicly, and from house to\\nhouse, testifying both to Jews and Greeks, the\\nnecessity of repentance toward God and faith in\\nthe Lord Jesus Christ. I am constrained by the\\ninfluences of the Holy Spirit, to go to Jerusalem,\\nnot knowing what may befall me there, only that\\nbonds and afflictions await me. But none of\\nthese things alarm or deter me from my purpose,\\nneither do I consider my life so important as to\\nturn me from my purpose, if I may finish my\\nspecial work, of preaching the gospel, a commis-\\nsion I received from the Lord Jesus.\\nNow as ye will never see me again I call you\\nto witness that I am innocent for the loss of any\\nsouls, for I have not neglected to declare the\\nwhole truth of God. The apostle then cautions", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0294.jp2"}, "283": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 257\\nthem against the dangers that will beset them,\\nand exhorts them to discharge their duties to\\ntheir flocks, purchased with the blood of Christ,\\nfaithfully, for, says Paul, after my departure,\\ngrievous wolves, using a figure of speech, will\\ncome among }^ou not sparing the flock. More-\\nover, some of your own church will advance\\ndoctrines that tend to cause divisions, therefore\\nwatch, and do not forget that for three years, I\\ncontinued to admonish you night and day, with\\ntears. Now, brethren, as I am about to leave\\nyou, I commend you to God who is able to\\nstrengthen you and make you partakers of the\\nblessings of salvation, together with all the\\nsaints. I have not sought wealth, as you all\\nknow, while these hands have ministered to my\\nwants, and in doing this, I have taught by pre-\\ncept and example that you should help support\\nthe weak and the poor, remembering the words\\nof the Lord Jesus who said, It is more blessed\\nto give than to receive.\\nWhen Paul had finished his remarks to the\\nEphesian elders, he knelt down and prayed, when\\nthey wept and embraced him with kisses, because\\nof his tender advice and interest in them, and also\\nthat he was about to leave them and they would,\\nprobably, never see him again. They conducted\\nhim to the ship and he left Miletus to resume his\\njourney to Jerusalem.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0295.jp2"}, "284": {"fulltext": "258 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nAfter leaving that place, we launched, says\\nthe writer, and took a direct course to Coos,\\nan island in the Grecian archipelago, and the\\nnext day came to Rhodes, and thence to Patara,\\na maritime city in Asia Minor, opposite Rhodes.\\nCoos or Chios, a small island in the JEgean Sea,\\nwas known for its wines, figs, and other fruits,\\nfor its marble, and the luxury of its inhabitants.\\nIt claimed to have been the birthplace of Homer,\\nthough seven cities have contended for that honor.\\nIt retained its democratic government until con-\\nquered by the Persians, though it regained its\\nfreedom, and joined the Athenian League, but in\\nconsequence of a revolt, it was subdued and laid\\nwaste. The island contained rocky mountains\\nand fertile valleys.\\nRhodes, also an island in the iEgean Sea, com-\\nprised more than one thousand square miles, and\\nreceived its name from its abundance of roses.\\nAccording to tradition, it was settled at a very\\nearly period, and is mentioned by Homer. It\\nbecame a great maritime state or confederacy,\\nand was the theatre of frequent contests between\\ndifferent political parties and nationalities, until it\\ncame under the control of the Romans when they\\nbecame the masters of the world. The Island\\nof Rhodes was celebrated for its Colossus, a\\nstatue of brass one hundred and five feet in\\nheight, which stood across the mouth of the har-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0296.jp2"}, "285": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 259\\nbor with its feet so far apart that vessels could\\npass between them. It was considered one of\\nthe seven wonders of the world, but it re-\\nmained only fifty -six years until it was thrown\\ndown by an earthquake, and when the Saracens\\ntook possession of the island about nine hundred\\nyears after, it required nine hundred camels to\\nremove the brass.\\nThe natives of the island were fond of naviga-\\ntion, made frequent voyages and established nu-\\nmerous colonies. The chief city named also\\nRhodes, was celebrated for its architectural\\nbeauty, and its number of statues.\\nLuke continues his account of the voyage and\\nsays, After securing a vessel bound for Phoe-\\nnicia, we embarked and passing by Cyprus on\\nthe left, we cpane to Syria, and landed at Tyre,\\nwhere the ship was to unload its cargo. Here\\nthey remained seven days with the disciples of\\nthat city, who urged Paul not to go to Jerusa-\\nlem, but as he was not to be turned aside from\\nhis purpose, they, with their wives and children,\\naccompanied the apostle outside the city where\\nthey kneeled on the shore and praj^ed. When\\nthey all had bidden one another farewell, Paul\\nembarked and his friends returned to their\\nhomes.\\nA brief description of Tyre, a city so frequently\\nmentioned in the Scriptures, is as follows It", "height": "4672", "width": "2987", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0297.jp2"}, "286": {"fulltext": "260 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nwas in Phoenicia, situated on the Mediterranean,\\nand built, according to Josephus, about two hun-\\ndred and forty years before the Temple of Solo-\\nmon, therefore it was a very ancient city, and\\nconstructed partly on an island, and partly upon\\nthe mainland. The insular city was on a small\\nrocky island, but continental Tyre was very\\nlarge. It was, in the course of its history, be-\\nsieged five years by the Assyrians who were un-\\nable to capture it, but later, after a siege of thir-\\nteen years, it was taken by Nebuchadnezzar, king\\nof Babylon, and after a siege of five months\\nAlexander the Great captured it, and built an\\nimmense causeway, half a mile in length, to con-\\nnect the two parts of the city, but he burned the\\nold Tyre. It was, however, rebuilt and in less than\\ntwenty years, had recovered, to a great extent,\\nits former commercial importance. Neverthe-\\nless, it was captured by Antigonus and subse-\\nquently by the Syrians, Egyptians and Romans\\nin succession. It was taken by the Saracens, the\\nCrusaders, and finally by the Mamelukes of\\nEgypt. The predictions of the Hebrew prophets\\nwere fulfilled, who said that, Tyre should be-\\ncome like the top of a rock, a place upon which\\nto spread nets, referring to the practice of fish-\\nermen.\\nAfter leaving Tyre, Paul and his companions\\ncame to Ptolemais, and having saluted the", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0298.jp2"}, "287": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 261\\nbrethren, they remained with them one day.\\nPtolemais, originally called Accho, was named\\nfor one of the Ptolemy s, and was situated on the\\nMediterranean. On the south and west, it was\\nbordered by the sea and to protect it, was sur-\\nrounded by a triple wall. It contained a temple\\nof Diana and a bath of Venus. The Crusaders\\ncalled it Acre or St. John of Acre, from a mag-\\nnificent church dedicated to the Apostle John.\\nIt sustained several sieges during the wars of the\\nCrusades, but was recovered by the Turks, and\\nat a late period was besieged by the French, but\\nit has regained much of its former strength and\\nimportance though there are very few relics of\\nits earlier magnificence.\\nThe next day Paul left Ptolemais and came to\\nCesarea, where he lodged with Philip, one of the\\nseven deacons who, after his conversation with\\nthe eunuch of Ethiopia, went to Cesarea.\\nPhilip had seven daughters who were endowed\\nwith the spirit of prophecy. Paul and his com-\\npany remained there many days, and in the\\nmeantime, a prophet named Agabus, came from\\nJerusalem. On a former occasion, he had pre-\\ndicted, at Antioch, that there would be a great\\nfamine throughout the world, which did occur in\\nthe reign of Claudius Caesar. When Agabus\\ncame to Paul at Cesarea, he took the apostle s\\ngirdle or belt used to confine his robes, as was the", "height": "4683", "width": "2996", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0299.jp2"}, "288": {"fulltext": "262 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ncustom, and bound his own hands and feet, saying,\\nThe Holy Spirit has revealed that the Jews at\\nJerusalem will bind the o wner of this girdle and\\ndeliver him to the Gentiles.\\nWhen his friends heard this prophecy, they be-\\nsought Paul not to go to Jerusalem, but he re-\\nplied, Why do ye weep and break my heart, for\\nI am not only willing to be bound, but also to\\ndie for the Lord Jesus. When they found he\\nwas determined to go, they acquiesced, saying,\\nThe will of the Lord be done. After this in-\\ncident, Paul and his companions prepared for\\ntheir journey and started for Jerusalem, accom-\\npanied by certain disciples from Cesarea.\\nWhen thejr arrived at the capital, the brethren\\nreceived them joyfully, as they had returned in\\nsafety, after a long absence, and exposure to many\\nhardships and dangers. The next day they went\\nto the Apostle James, and the elders, and after\\nthe usual salutation, Paul explained the wonderful\\nsuccess, they had met with in their labors among\\nthe Gentiles. When they heard it, they glori-\\nfied the Lord. They recognized the apostle as a\\nfellow-Christian laborer, and desired him to do\\nall he could to conciliate the favor of his country-\\nmen for, said they, Thou seest, brother, many\\nthousands of Jews who believe, and are all zeal-\\nous for the law, and they have heard that thou\\nteachest those living among the Gentiles, to for-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0300.jp2"}, "289": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 263\\nsake the commands of Moses. How is it The\\nmultitude will assemble when it will be impossi-\\nble to avoid a tumult. The Jews were greatly\\nexcited because one of their own nation had for-\\nsaken the religion of their fathers, as they sup-\\nposed, therefore Paul s presence at Jerusalem\\nwould be likely to cause a great public commo-\\ntion.\\nHis friends suggested a method to avoid such\\nan excitement, somewhat as follows James and\\nthe elders, they said, have with us four men\\nwho have made a vow of the Nazarites, which\\nforbids several things including shaving the hair.\\nWe advise you to join them and share the ex-\\npense of the sacrifices and offerings required, that\\nit may be known thou keepest the law. In re-\\ngard to the Gentiles, we have written that it is\\nnot necessary they should observe the ceremonial\\nlaw, but they should abstain from certain things\\nspecified.\\nThe next day, Paul in company with the four\\nmen, having performed the ceremonies connected\\nwith the vow, entered the temple.\\nWhen the seven days for the observance of\\nthe vow were ended, the Jews of Asia Minor who\\nhad come to Jerusalem, probably, to join in its\\nfestivities, aroused a public disorder, and during\\nthe excitement, seized Paul and shouted, Men\\nof Israel, help. This is the man that everywhere", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0301.jp2"}, "290": {"fulltext": "264 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\npreaches against the Jews, the law, and the tem-\\nple. Beside, he brought Greeks into this house,\\nand hath defiled it. They had seen Trophimus\\nan Ephesian in the city, and supposed that Paul\\nhad brought him into the temple.\\nThere w r as a great public commotion, and the\\npeople running together, seized Paul, drew him\\nout of the temple with the intention of killing\\nhim, and closed the doors.\\nWhen the chief captain of the Roman soldiers,\\nwhose name was Claudius Lvsias, stationed at\\nthe tower of Antonio, north of the temple, was\\naware of the popular tumult, he collected his\\ntroops and hastened to inquire into the cause,\\nand when the angry people saw him, they ceased\\nto beat Paul, fearing, perhaps, to be called to ac-\\ncount by the Roman government. The chief\\ncaptain commanded his soldiers to bind Paul\\nwith two chains, that is undoubtedly, between\\ntwo soldiers, one chained to his right hand, the\\nother to his left, thus the prediction of Agabus,\\nthat the apostle would be bound, w 7 as fulfilled.\\nSome of the multitude shouted one thing, and\\nsome another, so there was great confusion.\\nClaudius Lysias commanded him to be taken\\nto the castle, and on account of the popular\\nexcitement, he was carried by the soldiers, to\\nprotect him from violence, over the stairs which\\nled from the temple to the tower of Antonio,", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0302.jp2"}, "291": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 265\\nthe crowd following them crying, Away with\\nhim.\\nAs Paul was about to be led into the castle, he\\nsaid to the chief captain, May I speak to thee\\nthat is, can I have the privilege of making my de-\\nfence Canst thou speak Greek replied the\\nofficer. Art not thou the Egyptian who led\\n4,000 men from the wilderness to the Mount of\\nOlives whose purpose was murder, plunder, and\\ninsurrection The apostle asked permission to\\naddress the people, and being granted his request,\\nhe stood on the stairs and beckoned with his\\nhand, when there was perfect silence in the\\ncrowd, and he addressed them in the Hebrew\\nlanguage.\\nBefore he began his speech, he affirmed his\\nnationality, and mentioned the place of his na-\\ntivity, thus correcting the mistake of the chief\\ncaptain, and others who may have been under\\nthe same delusion. The scene as pictured by the\\nimagination was as follows A prisoner of\\nsmall size with care-worn visage and bruised\\nlimbs, the result of mob violence, chained be-\\ntween two athletic Roman soldiers, who are\\ncarrying him to the castle for safety. They\\nhalt upon the stairs, when he asks permission to\\naddress the tumultuous crowd who are shouting,\\nAway with him Away with him The\\nprisoner made a gesture with his hand, when the", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0303.jp2"}, "292": {"fulltext": "266 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nclamor was hushed, and the orator began his de-\\nfence in the Hebrew language. He addressed\\nhis hearers as Men, brethren, and fathers, and\\nthen gives an account of his own life, his native\\nplace, his early education, his zeal for the na-\\ntional religion, his persecutions of the Christians,\\nhis journey to Damascus and what befell him on\\nthe way, his conversion and baptism, his call to\\npreach the gospel, his return to Jerusalem, the\\nmartyrdom of Stephen, and his own call to labor\\nfor the Gentiles, and would have continued his\\nremarks, but his hearers at this point, inter-\\nrupted him by exclaiming in a loud voice, Away\\nwith such a fellow from the earth It is not fit\\nhe should live. Then they cast off their outer\\ngarments, as if intending to stone him, and cast\\ndust into the air, as an expression of their indig-\\nnation, but Paul, being guarded by Koman sol-\\ndiers, they could not injure.\\nThe chief captain, not having understood the\\napostle s Hebrew address, ordered him to be\\nbrought into the castle and scourged, that he\\nmight confess his offence, which he supposed was\\nsome flagrant crime. As they bound Paul with\\nthongs preparatory to scourging, he said to the\\ncenturion standing near, u Is it lawful to scourge\\na Roman uncondemned When the centurion\\nheard Paul s question, he said to the chief cap-\\ntain, Take heed what you do. This man is a", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0304.jp2"}, "293": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 267\\nRoman. It was directly contrary to the Roman\\nlaw to bind and scourge a Roman citizen. The\\nchief captain said to the apostle, Art thou a\\nRoman He replied, Yes, when the captain\\nsaid, With a great sum I obtained this free-\\ndom. Paul replied, I was born free. The cap-\\ntain was afraid when he knew that he had violated\\na Roman law, and having loosed his bonds, the\\nnext day he sent for the chief priests and the\\ngreat Council of the nation the Sanhedrim and\\nbrought Paul before them, that he might learn\\nthe real nature of the charge brought against\\nhim.", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0305.jp2"}, "294": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEE XXL\\nAN APPEAL TO CiESAR.\\nWhen Paul was brought before the Sanhe-\\ndrim, or great Council of the nation, comprising\\nseventy members, he observed them closely to\\nascertain, if possible, the character of the judges\\nbefore whom he was arraigned. The apostle\\nbegan his defence by saying, Men and brethren,\\nI have lived conscientiously before God until this\\nday. Here he was interrupted by a command\\nof Ananias, the high priest, to those who stood\\nby him, to smite Paul on the mouth, to stop his\\nspeaking, as the apostle s assertion was offensive\\nto him. Then Paul said, God shall smite thee,\\nthou whited wall, a proverb to denote hypocrisy\\nfor do you judge me after the law and com-\\nmand me to be smitten contrary to the law\\nThose who stood near said, Do you revile God s\\nhigh priest Paul replied, I did not know,\\nbrethren, that he was the high priest. It is\\nwritten thou shalt not speak evil of the ruler of\\nmy people. The apostle s excuse has been vari-\\nously interpreted by different writers.\\nWhen Paul perceived that a part of the\\n268", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0306.jp2"}, "295": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 269\\nCouncil were Sadducees, and part were Phari-\\nsees, he said, I am a Pharisee, and the son of a\\nPharisee, and for the hope that the dead will be\\nraised, I am called in question. This declaration\\nof the apostle caused a dispute between the two\\nsects, for the Sadducees did not believe in a resur-\\nrection, angels, nor spirits, but the Pharisees\\naccepted these doctrines. The questions in dis-\\npute were, first, Whether the dead would be\\nraised and exist in a future state; second,\\nWhether mind was distinct from matter. There\\nwas a great tumult, when the Pharisees said,\\nWe find no evil in this man, that is nothing\\ncontrary to the law of Moses, but if a spirit or\\nan angel has spoken to him, let us not fight\\nagainst God, or as some have understood,\\nwhat is there unusual or wrong\\nWhen the chief captain witnessed the fierce\\ncontroversy, and fearing that Paul would suffer\\nserious injury at their hands, he commanded the\\nsoldiers to go and take him away and bring him\\ninto the castle. During the night Paul had a\\nvision, in which the Lord Jesus stood by him and\\nsaid, Be of good cheer, Paul as thou hast wit-\\nnessed for Me in Jerusalem, so must thou also at\\nRome.\\nWhen it was day, certain Jews, numbering\\nforty, formed a conspiracy to kill him, pledging\\nthemselves by an oath, that they would neither", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0307.jp2"}, "296": {"fulltext": "270 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\neat nor drink until they had accomplished their\\npurpose. They went to the chief priests and told\\nthem about their oath, and requested them, with\\nthe Council, to ask the chief captain to allow\\nPaul to come to them for the purpose of making\\nfurther inquiry, and before he comes near, we,\\nthat is the conspirators, will kill him. A son\\nof Paul s sister, having a knowledge of the plot,\\nwent to the castle and told Paul, who sent for\\none of the centurions, and asked him to conduct\\nthe young man to the chief captain, as he had a\\nmessage for him. When the centurion had in-\\ntroduced him, the chief captain took the young\\nman by the hand, and leading him aside, asked\\nhim privately wiiat he had to say. It is not\\nrevealed by what means Paul s nephew obtained\\nhis information about the conspiracy, but it is\\npossible there had not been a strict observance of\\nsecrecy among the intended assassins. The chief\\ncaptain sent away the young man with the in-\\njunction, not to repeat to any one the news he\\nhad communicated.\\nThis government official called two centurions,\\nand ordered them to make ready two hundred\\nmen under their command, with seventy horse-\\nmen, and two hundred spearmen, to go to\\nCesarea. They w r ere to start at nine o clock in\\nthe evening, so that their departure might not be\\nsuspected. They were to provide animals for", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0308.jp2"}, "297": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 271\\nPaul and his attendants, who were to be con-\\nducted to Felix, the governor of Judea, whose\\nplace of residence was at Cesarea, about sixty\\nmiles from Jerusalem. The chief captain sent a\\nletter to Felix, saying Claudius Lysias unto\\nthe most excellent governor, Felix, sendeth greet-\\ning. This man was taken by the Jews and would\\nhave been killed had I not rescued him with an\\narmy. I brought him to their Council, and dis-\\ncovered that he was accused of having violated\\nsome of their laws, but was charged with no\\ncrime worthy of death or bonds. When I learned\\nthat the Jews laid wait to kill him, I immediately\\nsent him to you, and commanded his accusers to\\nappear before you.\\nThe soldiers, having received their orders, took\\nPaul and brought him, by night, to Antipatris, a\\ntown about twentj^-six miles from Cesarea, and\\nthirty-five miles from Jerusalem. In the morning,\\nthe soldiers having conducted the apostle beyond\\ndanger from the conspirators, returned directly\\nto the castle, leaving him in the care of the horse-\\nmen, who, when they arrived at Cesarea, delivered\\nthe letter of Claudius Lysias to the governor, and\\npresented Paul to him. Felix, having read the\\nletter, and learned that the prisoner was from the\\nprovince of Cilicia, which was within his own\\njurisdiction, said, I will hear thee, when thine\\naccusers arrive, and then commanded him to be", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0309.jp2"}, "298": {"fulltext": "272 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nkept in the pretorium or judgment-hall of Herod.\\nHere Paul remained five days until Ananias, the\\nhigh priest, the elders, and Tertullus, a Roman\\norator, or lawyer engaged as his accuser, arrived.\\nWhen Paul was brought forth from prison,\\nTertullus began his speech by a complimentary\\naddress to the governor, saying, As we enjoy\\nquietness, and many things have been done by\\nthee for our welfare, we accept them with thank-\\nfulness, most noble Felix. In thy clemency, I\\npray thee, hear us briefly state our case. We\\nhave found this man a pestilence, an exciter of\\nsedition among the Jews everywhere, and a\\nleader of the sect of Nazarenes, and one who\\nprofaned the Temple. We would have judged him\\naccording to our law, but the chief captain\\nLysias, forcibly took him from us and com-\\nmanded his accusers to appear before thee. The\\nJews who accompanied Tertullus to Cesarea, as-\\nsented to what their advocate affirmed. After\\nthe governor had signified, perhaps by a wave of\\nthe hand, that Paul could speak for himself, he\\nbegan As thou hast been for many years a judge\\nof this nation, I readily answer for myself, since\\nyou are well acquainted with the customs and opin-\\nions of the Jews. It has been only twelve daj T s\\nsince I went to Jerusalem, and they neither found\\nme in the Temple disputing with any one, nor did I\\narouse a public excitement in the synagogues or", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0310.jp2"}, "299": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0311.jp2"}, "300": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0312.jp2"}, "301": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 273\\nin the city. Neither can they prove the charges\\nbrought against me. But this I confess, that ac-\\ncording to the way they call heresy, I worship\\nthe God of my fathers, believing all things writ-\\nten in the law and the prophets, and I believe in\\nthe resurrection both of the just and the unjust.\\nIt is my constant aim to do what my conscience\\napproves, toward God and men. After many\\nyears absence, I went to Jerusalem to carry the\\ncontributions of the churches to the poor saints\\nin Judea, when certain Jews from Asia Minor,\\nfound me in the Temple where I went to fulfill\\nmy vow, but in a quiet way unattended by a\\ncrowd. These my accusers ought to be here as\\nwitnesses if they have anything against me but\\nlet those who are present testify, if they are\\nable, that I did wrong while before the Sanhe-\\ndrim, unless it was for my opinion about the\\nresurrection of the dead, for which I am called\\nin question to-day.\\nAfter hearing Paul s defence, Felix replied,\\nWhen Lysias the chief captain comes, I shall be\\nbetter prepared to decide the case. He then\\ncommanded a centurion to take charge of Paul,\\nand allow him the liberty of receiving his friend s,\\nand not to forbid any of his acquaintances to\\noffer him gifts. It is evident that Felix was\\nfavorably disposed toward the apostle, and\\nwould show him all the indulgence consistent", "height": "4683", "width": "2995", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0313.jp2"}, "302": {"fulltext": "274 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nwith his safe-keeping. He considered him a\\npersecuted man, and doubtless regarded the\\ncharges against him as false and instigated by\\nmalice.\\nFelix had persuaded Drusilla, a daughter of\\nHerod Agrippa, to forsake her husband and\\nmarry him, an act considered a violation of the\\nmoral law. When the governor and his wife\\ncame to Cesarea, he sent for Paul to hear him\\npreach, perhaps to be more fully acquainted with\\nthe case, or to gratify his wife who was a Jew-\\ness. As the eloquent preacher reasoned of\\nrighteousness, temperance, and a future judgment,\\nFelix trembled and said, Go thy way for this\\ntime when I have a convenient season, I will\\ncall for thee. The governor sent for Paul\\nmany times and talked with him, hoping that\\nthe prisoner w^ould give him money, and after\\ntwo years, Felix, to show the Jews a favor, left\\nhim bound, that is a prisoner, and retired from\\nhis official position, succeeded by Porcius Festus.\\nClaudius Felix was procurator of Judea in\\nthe reigns of the Emperors Claudius and Nero,\\nand was a freedman of Claudius. His original\\nname was Antonius Felix. Both in his public\\nand private character, he was unscrupulous and\\nprofligate. His government, though cruel and\\noppressive, was strong. He suppressed all pub-\\nlic disturbers of the peace and freed the country", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0314.jp2"}, "303": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR 275\\nof robbers. He arrested a band of highwaymen\\nand sent them to Eome for punishment he\\nseized an Egyptian false prophet who led four\\nthousand men in the wilderness, and threatened\\nthe peace of Judea; and he repressed a sedition\\nincited by the people of Cesarea and Syria. He\\nwas especially successful in quieting riots and in-\\nsurrections. When he was recalled to Rome, he\\nwas followed by Jews who accused him of extor-\\ntion and other acts of injustice during his admin-\\nistration, but he was saved from punishment by\\nthe plea of his brother Pallas, before Nero.\\nAfter Festus had arrived in Judea to assume\\nhis official duties, he remained three days at\\nCesarea, and then left for Jerusalem. Though\\nthe Roman governors usually resided at Cesarea,\\nyet it was necessary to visit the capital to be-\\ncome acquainted with the affairs of the nation.\\nAs soon as it was known the governor had ar-\\nrived, the high priest and chief men among the\\nJews, informed him about Paul, and urged him\\nto send for him under the pretence that he might\\nbe examined by the Sanhedrim, but their object\\nwas to waylay and kill him. Festus told them\\nPaul should be kept at Cesarea, and that he\\nhimself would soon go there, then u those who\\nare competent can go with me and appear as his\\naccusers, if he has committed any crime.\\nAs Paul was a Roman citizen he could not be", "height": "4683", "width": "2994", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0315.jp2"}, "304": {"fulltext": "276 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ntried by the Jewish Council, therefore he would\\nbe brought before the governor at Cesarea.\\nAbout ten days after, Festus returned to Cesarea,\\nand the next day he held a court for the trial of\\nthe apostle. As he sat in the judgment-seat,\\nthe Jews, Paul s accusers, stood near and made\\nknown their complaints against the prisoner,\\nprobably the same as those with which they had\\ncharged him before Felix, but they could not\\nprove them. Paul affirmed that he had done no\\nwrong against the Jewish laws, the Temple, nor\\nCaesar. Festus, willing to please the Jews said\\nto Paul, Will you go to Jerusalem and be tried\\nthere before me? The prisoner firmly replied,\\nI stand at Caesar s judgment-seat, where I ought\\nto be tried. I have done no wrong to the Jews,\\nas thou knowest. If I have committed any of-\\nence deserving death, I refuse not to die, but if\\nI am innocent, no one should deliver me to them.\\nI appeal to Caesar. When Festus had conferred\\nwith the Council, he said to Paul, Hast thou\\nappealed unto Caesar? Unto Caesar thou shalt\\ngo.\\nKing Agrippa and Bernice came to Cesarea to\\nsalute Festus, and show him respect as the gov-\\nernor of Judea. During their visit, Festus in-\\nformed them about Paul, giving an account of\\nhis case and the opposition of the Jews, etc.\\nAgrippa, who, of course, had heard of the excite-", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0316.jp2"}, "305": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 277\\nmerit about him, said he should like to hear the\\nman himself. Festus replied he should have the\\nopportunity on the morrow.\\nThe next day, Agrippa, Bernice, the chief cap-\\ntains, and civil officers of the city, came with\\ngreat parade and splendor, and entered the court-\\nroom, when, at the command of Festus, Paul was\\nbrought into their presence. Festus then ad-\\ndressed the king, saying, King Agrippa, and all\\nothers present, this is the man whom the Jews\\naccuse, saying that he ought not to live any\\nlonger, but when I found that he had done noth-\\ning worthy of death, and that he himself had\\nappealed to Caesar, I decided to send him to\\nAugustus, but in regard to the charges against\\nhim, there is nothing definite or proved, that\\nI could send to the emperor, therefore I have\\nbrought him before you, King Agrippa, that\\nyou, being of the same nation, might give me\\nmore particular information, for it seems un-\\nreasonable to send a prisoner and not signify the\\ncrimes alleged against him.\\nThen Agrippa said to Paul, Thou art per-\\nmitted to speak for thyself. Paul stretched\\nforth his hand, the usual posture of orators or\\npublic speakers, and said, I am happy, King\\nAgrippa, to answer for myself before thee in\\nregard to the things of which I am accused by\\nthe Jews. The apostle considered it a favor to", "height": "4683", "width": "2975", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0317.jp2"}, "306": {"fulltext": "278 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nmake his defence before one acquainted with\\nJewish customs and opinions. On former occa-\\nsions, he had been before Roman magistrates,\\nwho had an imperfect knowledge of them, there-\\nfore were incompetent judges. Paul was now\\non trial, but he was to defend himself, or state\\nhis case so that Agrippa might be able to assist\\nFestus in writing a correct account of it to the\\nRoman emperor. The charges made by the\\nJews were, that Paul was a mover of sedition, a\\nringleader of the Christians, and a profaner of\\nthe Temple.\\nPaul says that his manner of life from his\\nyouth was known to the Jews, and that he was\\na .Pharisee of the strictest order. I now stand\\nbefore this tribunal to be judged upon a subject\\non which all my nation are agreed, that is the\\npromise made to our fathers, of the coming of a\\nMessiah, a promise which our nation hope to see\\nfulfilled, and for this very hope, King Agrippa,\\nI am persecuted by my countrymen. Is it an\\nincredible thing that God should raise the dead\\nAfter these preliminary remarks, Paul gives an\\naccount of his own experience, stating his oppo-\\nsition to the Christians, and his persecutions of\\nthem, his conversion on his way to Damascus,\\nhis call to preach the gospel which he promptly\\nobeyed, beginning his labors in Damascus, then\\ngoing to Jerusalem, and at length proclaiming", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0318.jp2"}, "307": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 279\\nthe doctrine of repentance to the Gentiles, and\\nthat Christ suffered and rose from the dead.\\nFor this reason, said he, the Jews sought my\\nlife, yet through Divine help, I remain to this\\nday but I preach no other doctrine on the sub-\\nject, than was taught by Moses and the prophets.\\nFestus, surprised at Paul s earnestness and elo-\\nquence, said in a loud voice so that all could\\nhear, Paul, thou art beside thyself much learn-\\ning doth make thee mad, meaning that he was\\ninsane. Paul gently but firmly replied, I am\\nnot mad, or deranged, most noble Festus, but I\\nspeak the words of truth and soberness. The\\nking knows about the things of which I speak,\\nfor they did not occur secretly. King Agrippa,\\ndo you believe the prophets I know thou be-\\nlievest. Agrippa replied, Almost thou per-\\nsuadest me to become a Christian. The apostle\\nsaid, I pray to God that not only thou, but all\\nwho hear me may be as I am, except these\\nchains. After Paul had thus spoken, Festus,\\nAgrippa, Bernice, and others present, withdrew\\nto consult together about the matter. They\\nagreed that Paul had done nothing to deserve\\ndeath or imprisonment in chains. Agrippa said\\nto Festus, If Paul had not appealed to Caesar,\\nhe might have been set at liberty.\\nPaul continued a prisoner at Cesarea for some\\ntime, waiting to be sent to Borne, after he ap-", "height": "4683", "width": "3004", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0319.jp2"}, "308": {"fulltext": "280 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\npealed to Caesar. It was a frequent occurrence\\nto transport those accused of crimes, from Judea\\nand other provinces, to the Koman capital for\\njudicial trial. How Paul spent the time while\\nwaiting at Cesarea, which some have thought\\nwas two years, can only be conjectured. He\\nmay have devoted his lonely hours to writing, or\\nat least to planning some of his letters to his\\nfellow-Christians in other regions. A man like\\nthe apostle would not dwell with despondency\\nupon his present or past sufferings, nor would he\\nbe despondent about the uncertain future, since\\nhe was willing to suffer and even die for his Lord\\nand Master.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0320.jp2"}, "309": {"fulltext": "CHAPTEK XXIL\\nA PKIS0NER TO KOME.\\nWhen Festus decided that Paul should be sent\\nto Italy, he was placed with other prisoners un-\\nder the guard of Julius, a centurion of Augustus\\nband, named for the emperor, and numbering\\nfrom four hundred to six hundred men. The\\ndistance to Rome was considerable, and must be\\ntravelled mostly by sea. There was at this time,\\nin the port of Cesarea, a vessel from Adra-\\nmyttium, a maritime town of Mysia, in Asia\\nMinor, opposite the Island of Lesbos. The ship\\nwas not bound for Italy, but the centurion ex-\\npected to And some other vessel on which to em-\\nbark the prisoners for Rome. However, they,\\nhaving embarked, loosed their anchors, intending\\nto sail by the coast of Asia Minor.\\nTwo of Paul s friends, namely, Luke and\\nAristarchus, a Macedonian from Thessalonica,\\naccompanied him, willing to share his dangers,\\nand anxious to cheer and encourage him. The\\nnext day they came to Sidon, when Julius kindly\\ngave Paul liberty to land and visit his friends in\\nthat city, who, perhaps, supplied him with what-\\n281", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0321.jp2"}, "310": {"fulltext": "282 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\never would make him comfortable* during his\\nlong voyage. Paul had travelled in that region\\nduring his missionary journeys, and had won\\nmany friends.\\nSidon, one of the most ancient cities of the\\nworld and a port of Phoenicia, is supposed to\\nhave been founded by Sidon, the son of Canaan,\\nperhaps 2000 b. c. it was sometimes called\\nZidon. As early as the conquest of Canaan by\\nthe Israelites, it was known as Great Zidon.\\nIt was situated on a plain bordering the Mediter-\\nranean, north of Tyre, and in early times was\\nstrongly fortified. It had a good harbor and\\nwas the chief seat of the maritime power until it\\nwas excelled by that of Tyre. The inhabitants\\nearly acquired eminence in the arts, manufac-\\ntures, and commerce, and were among the earli-\\nest shipwrights and navigators. They acquired\\ngreat wealth, and consequently were luxurious.\\nTo live in ease and security, became a proverb\\nfor living as the Sidonians.\\nThis ancient city was captured at different\\ntimes by foreign powers as the Assyrians, Baby-\\nlonians and Persians. At the time of the ex-\\npedition of Xerxes to Greece, the Sidonians fur-\\nnished the best ships for which they were hon-\\nored by the conqueror, but during a revolt at a\\nlater period, they burned themselves with their\\ncity, to avoid falling into the hands of their", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0322.jp2"}, "311": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 283\\nenemies, though the town was rebuilt. Sidon\\nwas taken by the Eomans who held it during\\nPaul s day, but subsequently, it was captured\\nalternately by the Saracens, Turks and the\\nsultans of Egypt, who destroyed it together\\nwith Tyre, to prevent them from affording an\\nasylum for Christians. After leaving Sidon,\\nthey sailed along the coast of Cyprus to avoid\\nthe violent winds, instead of sailing in a direct\\ncourse for the open sea. Passing by Cilicia\\nand Pamphylia, they came to Myra, a city of\\nLycia.\\nMyra or Myron was the capital of the province\\nof Lycia, under the Romans. It was built on a\\nrock, a short distance from land, and in the time\\nof Paul, was an important seaport. There are\\nstill ruins of the city which prove its magnifi-\\ncence. Lycia was a province in the southern\\npart of Asia Minor, and is a mountainous region,\\nhas a prominent position in the Iliad, and is the\\nscene of some ancient legends. The Lycians,\\nunder the Persian Empire, are supposed to have\\nbeen a powerful and maritime nation. Their po-\\nlitical history varies, since they come under the\\nrule of different masters. Works of art have\\nbeen found in this ancient province, some of\\nwhich are in the British Museum.\\nWhile at Myra, the centurion found a ship\\nfrom Alexandria, Egypt, laden with wheat,", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0323.jp2"}, "312": {"fulltext": "284 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nwhich was an article of export in the trade be-\\ntween Borne and Egypt. It is probable this ship\\nhad been driven out of the regular course by vio-\\nlent winds, and had drifted to the coast of Asia\\nMinor. Julius placed his passengers on board\\nthis ship and set sail for Italy. Their progress\\nAvas slow in consequence of unfavorable weather,\\nand it required many days to reach Cnidus, a\\ncity in Asia Minor, northwest of the Island of\\nKhodes, but as the winds continued to blow, they\\nwere driven southwest, to the Island of Crete,\\nsome distance from Rhodes. Passing by Cnidus,\\na city built on the promontory of the same name,\\nthey sailed along the coast of Crete to Salmone, a\\npoint of land at the eastern extremity of the\\nisland, where they were in danger of being ship-\\nwrecked. Escaping that disaster, however, they\\ncame to a place called The fair havens in the\\nsoutheastern part of Crete, near the city of\\nLasea, where there was a place for anchorage.\\nCnidus, a city on the eastern coast of Caria, in\\nAsia Minor, was situated partly on the mainland\\nand partly on an island connected with it by a\\ncauseway. It was celebrated for the statue of\\nVenus by Praxiteles, placed in a temple of this\\ngoddess. The city contained also temples of\\nApollo and Neptune, and had the historical\\ncelebrity of having been the scene of the great\\nnaval battle of Pisander, the Spartan admiral,", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0324.jp2"}, "313": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 285\\nand Conon the Athenian general, in the Pelopon-\\nnesian war.\\nCrete, now called Candia, is one of the largest\\nislands in the Mediterranean. A range of moun-\\ntains crosses the entire length and in the centre,\\nrises Mt. Ida, 7,674 feet in height which, in my-\\nthology, is the place where Jupiter was brought\\nup in a cave, while from its summit, the gods, ac-\\ncording to tradition, watched the battles on the\\nplains of Troy and it was here also, the judg-\\nment of Paris occurred which eventually led to\\nthe Trojan war.\\nCrete was inhabited at an early period by a\\ncivilized people. King Minas, according to his-\\ntory, governed the island before the Trojan war,\\nand is said to have been the first prince who had\\na navy which he employed in suppressing piracy\\nin the iEgean Sea. After several generations,\\nthe cities became independent republics, but the\\ninhabitants were degenerate in their morals.\\nPaul describes them as always liars, evil beasts,\\netc. They were celebrated archers and fre-\\nquently served as mercenaries in the armies of\\nother nations. The island was conquered by the\\nEomans 68-66 b. c, and now belongs to Turkey.\\nSalmone, or Salmonia, an important town in\\nIllyricum, on the eastern coast of the Adriatic,\\nwas the capital of Dalmatia. It was strongly\\nfortified, and made a Roman colony. It was the", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0325.jp2"}, "314": {"fulltext": "286 BIBLE CHABACTEBS.\\nnative place of the Emperor Diocletian, and his\\nhome after his abdication. It is said that the\\nremains of a magnificent palace are still to be\\nseen at this place.\\nTheir progress along the coast of Asia was\\nslow and dangerous, on account of contrary\\nwinds. It is probable that Julius hoped to\\nreach Italy befdre the stormy period, but he had\\nbeen delayed in his plans. Luke says the fast\\nwas already past. This referred to the day of\\natonement observed by the Jews in the tenth\\nmonth, called Tisri, corresponding to a part of\\nSeptember, and a part of October, the period of\\nthe autumnal equinox, when the navigation of\\nthe Mediterranean was considered especially un-\\nsafe on account of the storms.\\nPaul, understanding the dangers, tried to per-\\nsuade them not to attempt the voyage at that\\nseason. He told them that it would be attended\\nwith perils, not only to the ship and cargo, but\\nalso to the lives of the company on board. The\\ncenturion, however, believed the captain and the\\nowner of the ship, who was on the vessel, rather\\nthan Paul. The Fair havens not being con-\\nsidered an appropriate place in which to winter,\\nthe majority of the crew advised that they should\\nsail to Phenice, a port or harbor on the southern\\ncoast of Crete, where they could pass the winter\\nin safety. The wind before had blown from the", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0326.jp2"}, "315": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 287\\nwest, but now it came gently from the south, so\\nthat the captain supposed they could sail along\\nthe coast of Crete, and loosing from Fair\\nhavens, they followed this plan, but soon after,\\nthere arose a violent wind named Euroclydon, a\\nGreek word meaning wind and wave. It may\\nhave been a hurricane, which rapidly changes its\\npoints of compass. The ship could not resist the\\nviolence of this wind, therefore it became unman-\\nageable.\\nRunning close to the small island of Clauda,\\nnear the southern coast of Crete, where the force\\nof the wind was partly broken, they found it\\ndifficult even here, to save the small boat towed\\nto the stern of the ship, therefore, with much\\ndifficulty, they raised it on deck, and thus saved\\nit. They next tried to secure the vessel by\\nundergirding it, which was done by passing\\nropes, cables, or chains from one side to the\\nother, to prevent the planks from starting, by the\\nviolent action of the sea. The rope was slipped\\nunder the prow and passed along the deck, where\\nit was made fast. The sailors feared they might\\nrun upon the quicksands, which were constantly\\nchanging their positions. There were two vast\\nbeds of quicksands on the coast of Africa, called\\nthe Greater and the Lesser.\\nAs the ship continued to be tossed by the\\nwaves, the next day they strake sail, that is,", "height": "4683", "width": "2996", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0327.jp2"}, "316": {"fulltext": "288 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nlowered the masts or yards to which the sails\\nwere attached, either by cutting them down or\\nin some other way. As the storm continued, the\\nseamen lightened the ship by casting overboard\\nthe cargo or a part of it, and on the third day of\\nthe voyage they cast overboard everything not\\nabsolutely essential, such as the anchors, and per-\\nhaps sails, cables, baggage, etc. As they could see\\nneither sun nor stars, and having no compass, an\\ninstrument not then invented, they could take no\\nobservations, and were in ignorance about their\\nposition, therefore they abandoned all hope of\\nbeing saved. In consequence of their prolonged\\nefforts to save the ship, their imminent perils, and\\nfear of being wrecked, the sailors had taken no\\nfood for some time.\\nPaul reproved them for leaving Crete against\\nhis advice, and thus exposing all on board to the\\ndangers of a shipwreck, and then exhorts them to\\nbe of good courage, for no lives would be lost,\\nonly the ship would be wrecked. He then gives\\nthe reason for this prediction. He says There\\nstood by me in the night an angel of God whom\\nI serve, saying, Fear not, Paul, thou must be\\nbrought before Caesar, and God has given thee\\nall w r ho sail with thee. Be of good cheer, for I\\nbelieve God that it shall be as was told me.\\nNevertheless, we must be cast upon a certain\\nisland.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0328.jp2"}, "317": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 289\\nThe ship had weathered the storm fourteen\\ndays, and during the night of the fourteenth, as\\nthey were driven up and down the Adriatic Sea,\\nthe seamen, confident they were approaching\\nland, sounded and found the water to be twenty\\nfathoms, or about one hundred and twenty feet.\\nSailing a little further, they found it fifteen\\nfathoms, therefore they knew they were coming\\nnear the shore. Fearing they might be dashed\\nupon the rocks, they cast four anchors and waited\\nfor the morning. The sailors, leaving the pris-\\noners and their guards, under pretence it was\\nnecessary to carry the anchors ahead of the ship,\\nbut really intending to go on shore, let down the\\nboat, and were about to enter, when Paul said to\\nthe centurion and the soldiers, Except the sea-\\nmen abide in the ship, ye cannot be saved, for\\nthere would be no one who understood how to\\nmanage the vessel. As the sailors had not\\nentered the boat, the soldiers cut the rope and\\nlet it fall into the sea.\\nAfter a night of anxious watching, as the day\\nbegan to dawn, Paul urged them all to take some\\nfood, as they had fasted fourteen days, that is,\\nhad taken no regular meal. He then encouraged\\nthem by saying that, Not a hair should fall\\nfrom the head of any of you, a proverbial ex-\\npression denoting they should be preserved.\\nPaul then took bread and gave thanks to God in", "height": "4683", "width": "2933", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0329.jp2"}, "318": {"fulltext": "290 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthe presence of the whole company, and began to\\neat. The others followed his example and were\\ngreatly encouraged. The number of persons on\\nboard was two hundred and seventy-six. After\\nbreaking their long fast, they threw the wheat,\\nwith which the ship was loaded, into the sea,\\nhoping by this act to come nearer the shore.\\nWhen the day dawned, they discovered land\\nbut did not know where they Avere. However,\\nthey saw a bay convenient for landing, and rais-\\ning the anchors, loosening the rudder and unfurl-\\ning the sails, they started for the shore, but in\\ntheir efforts to reach the harbor, the ship ran on\\na bar or sand-bank and the stern was broken.\\nThe soldiers, with shocking barbarity, suggested\\nthat all the prisoners should be killed to prevent\\ntheir escape, though they had not been tried for\\ntheir offences by any legal court. Roman mili-\\ntary discipline was very strict, and perhaps the\\nsoldiers feared they might be accused of negli-\\ngence if they allowed the prisoners to escape.\\nThe centurion, wishing to save Paul, prevented\\nthe execution of so barbarous an act.\\nJulius, the centurion, was disposed to treat\\nPaul with kindness from his first acquaintance\\nwith him, and, doubtless, believed him innocent\\nof the charges brought against him by his\\ncountrymen. He gave orders that all who could\\nswim should cast themselves into the sea and try", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0330.jp2"}, "319": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 291\\nto reach land, and for those who were not able\\nto swim to get on the floating pieces of the ship-\\nwrecked vessel. Providentially, all on board\\nescaped to land as Paul had predicted. The\\nisland called Melita now Malta, was the land they\\nreached. There has been a question about the\\nidentity of the island on which the apostle\\nlanded. Some writers have thought it was\\nMeleda, in the Adriatic sea, near the Illyrian\\ncoast. The inhabitants were barbarians, a term\\nnot applicable to the Maltese. It was a damp\\nand woody island, adapted to the prevalence of\\nvipers or poisonous snakes, and to the disease\\nwith which the father of Publius was afflicted.\\nMelita or Malta is an island south of Sicily, and\\nis about twenty miles from east to west, and twelve\\nmiles from north to south. Its foundation was\\nstone which was covered by the aborigines with\\nearth brought from Sicily. The island now belongs\\nto Great Britain. It was occupied in Paul s day by\\na colony from Carthage, therefore their language\\nwas not understood by Greeks and Latins. Malta\\nhad or has a good harbor, and the inhabitants\\nwere wealthy, and their dwellings were large and\\nbeautiful. They were celebrated for their mer-\\nchandise, and all kinds of manufactures including\\nfine linen.\\nThe Greeks regarded all nations barbarians\\nwho did not speak their language, but the name", "height": "4683", "width": "2983", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0331.jp2"}, "320": {"fulltext": "292 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\ndid not denote a people of savage habits, but\\nsimply those whose speech was not understood.\\nThe natives were very kind to the strangers cast\\nupon their island, and kindled a fire to warm\\nthem as it was cold and rainy, the season being\\nOctober. The apostle assisted them in making a\\nfire, and having gathered a bundle of sticks, he\\nlaid them on the wood, when a viper came out of\\nthe burning sticks and fastened itself on his hand.\\nWhen the natives saw this they said to one an-\\nother, No doubt this man is a murderer who,\\nthough he escaped the dangers of the sea, venge-\\nance suffereth him not to live. When Paul\\nshook off the viper into the fire, without any\\nharm to himself, the Maltese looked on with\\nastonishment, expecting to see him fall dead from\\nthe bite, but as he did not, they changed their\\nminds and said he must be a god.\\nPublius, the Roman governor of the island,\\nentertained the ship s company very courteously\\nfor three days. His father was ill with fever and\\ndysentery and Paul calling upon him, after offer-\\ning a prayer, laid his hands on the invalid when\\nhe was restored to health.\\nThe news of the miracle soon spread and other\\ndiseased persons came and were healed, while the\\nnatives brought gifts of such things as were\\nnecessary for the comfort of their guests. Paul\\nand his companions remained at Melita three", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0332.jp2"}, "321": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 293\\nmonths, and then embarked on board a ship\\nfrom Alexandria which had wintered in the\\nisland, whose sign was Castor and Pollux. It\\nwas customary to place on the prow of the ship\\nthe image of a person or god whose name it\\nbore. These were the names of twin brothers\\nand sons of Jupiter, who, according to my-\\nthology, after their deaths, were made constella-\\ntions in the heavens, and were supposed to be\\nthe protectors of sailors, therefore their images\\nwere frequently placed on ships.\\nArriving at Syracuse, the capital of Sicily, they\\nremained three days, after which they sailed\\nalong the eastern coast of the island and came to\\nEhegium, now called Eeggio, in the southern\\npart of the kingdom of Naples, and the next day\\nto Puteoli, the modern Pozzuoli, celebrated for\\nits warm baths. Here they were entertained by\\nChristians, but it is not known from whom these\\ndisciples first heard the gospel. When the breth-\\nren at Eome heard that Paul had arrived in\\nItaly, they went to meet him at Appii Forum\\nand the Three Taverns, and when he saw them,\\nthe apostle thanked God and took courage. The\\nChristians at Eome had heard of the remark-\\nable success attending the missionary labors of\\nPaul, and he had written his epistle to them\\nabout five years before.\\nA brief description of some of the other places", "height": "4683", "width": "2973", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0333.jp2"}, "322": {"fulltext": "294 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nthrough or near which the apostle travelled dur-\\ning his last journeys, is as folio ws\\nSyracuse the capital of Sicily where Paul\\nspent three days on his journey to Rome, was\\nfounded by a colony from Corinth about 734 b. c.\\nIt spread over a large territory and comprised\\nfour or five distinct sections each surrounded by\\nseparate walls. Neapolis, one division of the city,\\ncontained many temples and the chief theatre, in\\nancient times. Syracuse contained stone-quarries\\nin which Athenian captive prisoners were con-\\nfined and on one side was the remarkable exca-\\nvation called the Ear of Dionysius with a\\nsmall opening above, so that the keeper could\\nhear the conversation of his prisoners. The city\\nwas besieged by the Athenians in the Peloponne-\\nsian war, and destroj^ed by them 413 B. c, but\\nwas rebuilt. The government was alternately a\\nmonarchy and a republic, the changes being quite\\nfrequent, until it was captured by the Romans\\nafter a siege of two years, when Archimedes con-\\nstructed different engines of war.\\nRhegium, now Reggio, was a Greek town situ-\\nated on the strait which separates Sicily from\\nItaly. It was founded about the beginning of\\nthe First Messenian war, 743 B. c, by emigrants\\nwho left their country at the beginning of hos-\\ntilities between Sparta and Messenia, 743 B. c,\\ncalled the First Messenian war. At the close of", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0334.jp2"}, "323": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 295\\nthe Second Messenian war 685-668 b. o., it be-\\ncame a flourishing and important city. The\\ngovernment at first was an aristocracy, but\\nlater, a republic. Dionysius, called the Tyrant\\nof Syracuse, carried on a war against the inhabi-\\ntants for a long time and finally captured the\\nplace. In the war with Pyrrhus, the Rhegians\\napplied to the Romans for assistance when the\\nlatter placed in the town a garrison of four thou-\\nsand soldiers, who killed or expelled all the male\\ninhabitants. The Ehegians who escaped were\\nfinally restored to their city, but it never re-\\ncovered its former greatness.\\nPuteoli now Pozzuoli was a seaport of Cam-\\npania, founded by the Greeks 521 B. c. In the\\nsecond Punic war the Romans fortified it, and\\nprotected its excellent harbor by a mole of\\nreddish earth called pozzolana which, mixed with\\nchalk, makes an excellent cement. This mole\\nwas constructed in arches, parts of which are still\\nto be seen. Puteoli was once the chief centre of\\ncommerce with Spain, and was celebrated for its\\nwarm baths. It has been destroyed several\\ntimes and rebuilt some ruins of the ancient\\ntown remain.\\nAppii Forum, a city fifty-six miles from Rome\\ndesignated the Market-place of Appius, was\\nconvenient for travellers. Apia Via was the\\nmost celebrated of the Roman highways, and", "height": "4683", "width": "2984", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0335.jp2"}, "324": {"fulltext": "296 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nwas begun by Appius Claudius Caecus when he\\nwas censor, B. c. 319. It passed through Appii\\nForum and was the great line of communication\\nbetween southern Italy and Rome.\\nThe Three Taverns, about eight or ten miles\\nnearer Rome than Appii Forum, is supposed to\\nhave received its name on account of its being a\\nplace of refreshment on the Appian Way. A\\nlarge number of Christians from Rome went to\\nmeet Paul of whom they had heard so much, but\\na part of this company remained at Three Tav-\\nerns, while the others went to the capital with\\nthe prisoner.\\nWhen they arrived at Rome, the centurion de-\\nlivered the prisoners to the captain of the guard\\nor commander of the Pretorian cohort, w^hose\\nname was Burrhus Afranius according to Tacitus,\\nbut Paul was allowed to dwell by himself with a\\nsoldier to whom he was chained. The apostle\\nseems to have won the respect and favor of\\nevery one who had charge of him.\\nThree days after the arrival of the apostle at\\nRome, he sent for the leading men among the\\nJews of that city, that he might explain his case\\nto them. He may have had two objects in view;\\none being to state that the charges against him\\nwere false, and the other, to explain to them the\\ngospel of Christ. It was to be expected thq Jews\\nat Cesarea would send to those at Rome reports", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0336.jp2"}, "325": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4683", "width": "3003", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0337.jp2"}, "326": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0338.jp2"}, "327": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 297\\nunfavorable to Paul, therefore he wished to de-\\nfend himself against such calumny. He begins,\\nMen and brethren, his usual method when ad-\\ndressing his countrymen, though I have done no\\nwrong to my people or to the customs of our\\nfathers, yet I was delivered a prisoner to the Ro-\\nmans who, after an examination would have ac-\\nquitted me, but the Jews being decidedly op-\\nposed to it, I appealed to Caesar, therefore I wished\\nto give you the reason why I am bound with this\\nchain. The Jews of Rome replied, That they\\nhad not received any letters from Judea concern-\\ning him, neither had any one said anything\\nagainst him. Why the Jews of Palestine had\\nnot sent unfavorable reports to those of Eome,\\nis not revealed, but it may have been they con-\\nsidered their efforts unavailing since Paul had\\nbeen acquitted successively by Lysias, Felix,\\nFestus, and Agrippa. The Jews of Rome seemed\\nmore liberal than those of Judea, and they\\nwished to know what Paul thought of the new\\nsect everywhere spoken against.\\nThe apostle had been allowed to rent a house\\nwhich he occupied and where he received his\\nfriends and other visitors. His countrymen ap-\\npointed a day when they would come to his house\\nto hear him on the subject before mentioned.\\nWhen the time arrived, a large number assem-\\nbled at his residence to whom he explained the", "height": "4683", "width": "2934", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0339.jp2"}, "328": {"fulltext": "298 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\nprinciples of the Christian religion, and endeav-\\nored to convince them that Jesus was the\\nMessiah, proving his assertions from the law of\\nMoses and the prophets this he continued from\\nmorning until evening. Some of the Jews be-\\nlieved, while others rejected his teachings which\\nled the preacher to quote the language of Isaiah,\\nGo to this people and say, Hearing ye shall\\nhear and shall not understand, etc. Know\\ntherefore that salvation is sent unto the Gentiles,\\nand they will hear.\\nPaul lived two years in his hired house at\\nRome preaching the gospel, no one forbidding\\nhim, and several persons were converted, includ-\\ning members of the emperor s court. When a\\nprisoner at Rome, the church at Philippi sent\\nEpaphroditus to Paul with contributions for the\\nsupply of his wants. During his confinement, he\\nwas the means of the conversion of Onesimus, a\\nfugitive slave of Philemon of Colosse in Phrygia,\\nwhom the apostle sent back with an epistle to\\nPhilemon and the church at that place.\\nThis closes Luke s account of the eminent\\napostle to the Gentiles, but tradition and secular\\nhistory combined, give an account of the closing\\nscenes of his life.\\nIn 64 A. d., a dreadful fire occurred at Rome\\nwhich continued six or seven days. It is sup-\\nposed to have been set by the Emperor Nero", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0340.jp2"}, "329": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR. 299\\nwho, to divert public opinion from himself,\\ncharged the Christians with the crime, which\\nexcited a fearfully bloody persecution against\\nthem. It is supposed that both Paul and Peter\\nsuffered martyrdom at this time, the former by\\nbeheading, the latter by crucifixion. Paul being\\na Koman citizen, it was not lawful to put him to\\ndeath on the cross. The traditions of the early\\nChristians confirm this idea. Paul and Peter\\noccupy the first positions among the apostles,\\nPaul more especially represents the Christian\\nGentiles, and Peter the converted Jews. The\\nscenes in the life of Paul have afforded numerous\\nsubjects for artists.\\nThe Scripture account of Paul begins with his\\npresence at the martyrdom of Stephen, and closes\\nwith his release from an imprisonment of two\\nyears at Eome, but it is conjectured that after he\\nwas set free, he returned to Jerusalem, travelled\\nthrough Asia Minor, and other countries for-\\nmerly visited, and then returned to Eome, was\\nimprisoned a second time and beheaded by order\\nof the Emperor Nero, during a general persecu-\\ntion of Christians.\\nPaul as a writer has been considered by some\\ncritics difficult to understand. It is said that his\\nintellectual powers combined the peculiarities of\\nall the other sacred writers: as Moses, David,\\nIsaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, James, John, and Peter,", "height": "4683", "width": "2991", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0341.jp2"}, "330": {"fulltext": "300 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\netc. He possessed, it is said, great argumen-\\ntative power, depth of thought, and intensity of\\nfeeling. His style is often abrupt and sometimes\\nobscure, and his reasoning is sometimes involved\\nowing to his sudden transitions, the rush of ideas,\\nand sensibility. He sometimes seems to be carried\\naway by the fervor and loftiness of his emotions.\\nThe writings of Paul may be compared to a rich\\nmine, and the deeper the workman digs the more\\nhe will discover of the precious metal.\\nIt seems wonderful that the apostle, with his\\nextensive journeys, his arduous labors in preach-\\ning the gospel and establishing churches in many\\ndifferent places, his persecutions and physical suf-\\nferings, could possibly find the time or could con-\\ncentrate his thoughts, for writing his numerous\\nepistles.\\nThirteen epistles are attributed to Paul as the\\nauthor, and are arranged in the following order\\nof place, according to the Sacred Scriptures.\\nThey were written at different periods and from\\ndifferent cities visited by their author.\\nThe Epistle to the Romans, comprising sixteen\\nchapters, was written from Corinth, 58 A. D.\\nThe leading idea is Justification by faith.\\nFirst Corinthians, with sixteen chapters, writ-\\nten at Ephesus, 57 A. d. The chief object was\\nJo correct errors in the church at that place.\\nSecond Corinthians, thirteen chapters, sent", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0342.jp2"}, "331": {"fulltext": "THE ELOQUENT ORATOR, 301\\nfrom Philippi, 57 A. D. The author encourages\\nthe disciples and vindicates his own character.\\nGalatians, with six chapters, sent from Ephe-\\nsus, 54 A. D.\\nFphesians, six chapters, written at Rome, 62\\na. d. Subject, the power of divine grace.\\nPhilippians, four chapters. Written at Rome,\\n62 A. d. Leading thought Excellence of Chris-\\ntian kindness.\\nColossians, four chapters. Sent from Rome,\\n62 a. d. Chief topic, Warning against errors,\\nand exhortations to perform duty.\\nFirst Thessalonians, five chapters. Sent from\\nCorinth, 53 A. d. Exhortation to continue in the\\nfaith and godly conversation.\\nSecond Thessalonians, three chapters. Athens,\\n53 A. d. Its purpose was to correct an error\\nabout the second advent of Christ.\\nFirst Timothy, six chapters. Written from\\nMacedonia, 67 a. d. Instructions about the duty\\nof a pastor, and encouragement in the work of\\nthe ministry.\\nSecond Timothy, four chapters. Written at\\nRome, in prison, 68 a. d. Leading topic the\\nsame as in First Timothy.\\nTitus, three chapters. Sent from Nicopolis in\\nMacedonia. The prominent thought, encourage-\\nment in the discharge of pastoral duties.\\nPhilemon, one chapter. Written from Rome,", "height": "4683", "width": "3061", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0343.jp2"}, "332": {"fulltext": "302 BIBLE CHARACTERS.\\n62 A. d. The idea was to conciliate a master in\\nreference to his slave who had escaped.\\nHebrews, thirteen chapters. Written to the\\nHebrews, from Italy. Its leading topic\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Christ\\nand the ceremonial law.\\nThere has been some difference of opinion\\namong commentators in regard to the authorship\\nof this epistle, but it is now generally conceded\\nthat it was the work of Paul, but the date is\\nuncertain.", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0344.jp2"}, "333": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4683", "width": "2998", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0345.jp2"}, "334": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0346.jp2"}, "335": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4683", "width": "2976", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0347.jp2"}, "336": {"fulltext": "JUL 26 1900\\nDeacidified using the Bookkeeper process\\nNeutralizing agent: Magnesium Oxide\\nTreatment Date: May 2005\\nPreservationTechnologies\\nA WORLD LEADER IN PAPER PRESERVATION\\n111 Thomson Park Drive\\nCranberry Township, PA 16066\\n(724) 779-21 1 1", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0348.jp2"}, "337": {"fulltext": "m", "height": "4683", "width": "3125", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0349.jp2"}, "338": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4667", "width": "3038", "jp2-path": "biblecharacters00burn_0350.jp2"}}