{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3746", "width": "2484", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "Class __\\nBook __\\nCOPYRIGHT DEPOSIT", "height": "3577", "width": "2405", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3616", "width": "2155", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3577", "width": "2405", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3597", "width": "2384", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "GENERAL vSTERLING PRICE,", "height": "3586", "width": "2484", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "BATTLES\\n-AND-\\nBiographies of Missourians\\nOR THE\\nCivil War Period of Our State\\nV By\\nL. WEBB.\\nKansas City, Mo.:\\nhudson-klmberly pub. co.\\n1900.", "height": "3597", "width": "2315", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "29578\\nli-ibrsir y of Coriv-ese\\nI Two Copies REcr^ED\\nAUG 3 1900 I\\nCopyright entry\\nSECOND COPY.\\nDelivered *o\\nORDER DtVlSlOM,\\n67156 \\\\mJ-^^\\nDEDICATION.\\nTo my Father and Mother, who courageously faced the\\nhardships and sacrifices of the war, he as a soldier in the\\nConfederate Army, she in supporting a helpless family, in exile\\nunder Order No. 11,1 affectionately dedicate this work.\\nW. L. WEBB.\\nCopyrighted 1900,\\nBy W. L. WEBB.", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "TABLE OF CONTENTS.\\nChapter I.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Why They Fought 7\\nChapter II. Kansas Troubles 28\\nChapter III Premonitions of War 40\\nChapter IV. The Camp Jackson Affair 49\\nChapter V. Lyon Declares War 57\\nCampaign of the Missouri State Guards.\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nChapter VI First Great Movements 63\\nChapter VII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Price s Army 71\\nChapter VIII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Battle of Wilson Creek 75\\nChapter IX. From Springfield to Lexington 87\\nChapter X. Battle of Lexington. 94\\nChapter XL From Lexington to Pea Ridge 108\\nChapter XII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 From Des Arc to Corinth 116\\nChapter XIII. From Vicksburg to Peace 126\\nChapter XIV.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Battle of Independence 135\\nChapter XV. The Battle of Lone Jack. 147\\nChapter XVI. Newtonia, Cane Hill, and Prairie Grove. 168\\nChapter XVII The Raids of Marmaduke and Shelby 179\\nChapter XVIII \u00e2\u0080\u0094The Battle of Helena 187\\nChapter XIX. -Banks and Steele Defeated 195\\nPrice s Great Raid.\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nChapter XX. From Dardanelle to Lexington 207\\nChapter XXL\u00e2\u0080\u0094 From Lexington to Westport 218\\nChapter XXIL\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Battle of Westport o o .226\\nChapter XXIIL\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Retreat 240\\nChapter XXIV. -Order No. 11 247\\nChapter XXV.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Quantrell and His Men 265\\nChapter XXVI.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Story of Doniphan 278\\nBiographicai..\\nChapter XXVIL\u00e2\u0080\u0094 General Sterling Price 283\\nChapter XXVIIL\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Claiborne F. Jackson 294\\nChapter XXIX.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 General Jo. O. Shelby 305\\nChapter XXX.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 General John S. Marmaduke 311\\nChapter XXXI.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bledsoe of Missouri. 316\\nChapter XXXIL\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Colonel Upton Hays 322", "height": "3597", "width": "2384", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "4 TABLE OF CONTENTS.\\nChapter XXXIII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Other Biographies 326\\nMajor John M. Edwards 326\\nR. Iv. Yeager 331\\nMajor B. L. Woodson 333\\nH. V. P. Kabrick .334\\nF. M. Webb 335\\nCaptain Wm. H. Gregg 336\\nLieutenant Hopkins Hardin 337\\nColonel John B. Stone 338\\nJ.M.Lowe 340\\nColonel John T. Hughes 342\\nCaptain W. F. Wilkins 345\\nColonel W. F. Cloud 349\\nGeneral Gideon W. Thompson 353\\nW. A. Knight 356-\\nSamuel H. Chiles 358\\nWm. E. Cassell 359\\nCaptain Schuyler Lowe 360\\nCaptain Turner A. Gill. 360\\nColonel John C. Moore 362\\nColonel John N. Southern 363\\nCaptain A. A. Lesueur 365-\\nCaptain S. C, Ragan 366-\\nMajor H. J. Vivian 367", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION.\\nIf any here,\\nBy false intelligence or wrong surmise,\\nHold me a foe;\\nIf I unwittingly or in my rage\\nHave aught committted that is hardly borne\\nBy any in this presence, I desire\\nTo reconcile me to his friendly peace.\\nTis death to me to be at enmity\\nI hate it, and desire all men s love.\\nShakespeare.\\nDining the Civil War 487 battles were fought\\nin the State of Missouri. Such a display of the\\nwar passion almost demands an apology to the\\ncivilized world. But the Avorld will applaud the\\nmilitary activity of our people when it compre-\\nhends the conditions which alone are answerable\\nfor so much bloodshed. These conditions are un-\\nfolded in the first five chapters. Then follow\\nseven chapters dealing distinctively with the suc-\\ncesses and failures of the Missouri State Guards.\\nThis was a remarkable organization with a re-\\nmarkable career, heretofore insufficiently dis^tin-\\nguished by historians from Confederate troops.\\nDuring the first year of the war there were practi-\\ncally no Confederate soldiers in Missouri. All the\\nfighting occurred between the State Guards and\\nthe Federal troops. The Missouri State Guards\\nmarched and fought under the flag of Missouri,\\nan ensign made of blue merino, with the coat-of-\\narms of the State emblazoned in gold on both\\nsides. The purposes of the State Guards was to\\nrepel invasion and to hold the State in an atti-\\ntude of armed neutrality. After the battle of Pea\\nRidge, the State Guards were gradually absorbed\\ninto the Southern Confederate service.\\nTa^^o chapters are devoted to the operations", "height": "3597", "width": "2384", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "6 INTRODUCTION.\\nof the Missoiirians in the Cis-Mississippi Depart-\\nment, and two chapters to the operations of Mis-\\nsourians in Arkansas. The chief battles, raids,\\nand campaigns in the State are outlined. Quan-\\ntrell and his men and Order No. 11 each have a\\nchapter. Especial attention is given throughout\\nthe book to the movements of armies. The reader\\nwill understand how the two forces at any battle\\nhappened to be there, whence they came and\\nwhither they go.\\nI have indulged in no sensational or blood-\\ncurdling recitals. The nobler aspects of war\\nshould alone be accentuated by the writer who\\naspires to perpetuity in his work. To this higher\\nstandard of history I have attempted to conform\\nmy labors.\\nThe book closes with biographical reviews of a\\nfew only of the men who made the war period oT\\nour State immortal. ThCvSe biographies are sup-\\nplemental to the main work, in connection with\\nwhich they should be read.\\nThe book is written from the Southern stand-\\npoint, but it is not partisan. The Southern sol-\\ndier will find here no fulsome laudation of the\\n^^Lost Cause. I have written the truth about\\nhim; that is praise enough. I have withheld no\\nmeed of praise from any Federal soldier who has\\ncome within the purview of my subject. A few\\nFederal biographies are inserted.\\nThe hot passions engendered by the Civil War\\nare dead and cannot live again; therefore, I have\\nwritten without constraint and have not hesitated\\nto utter the truth.\\nW. L. Well.\\nIndependence, Mo., July 4, 1900.", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "Chapter 1.\\nWHY THEY FOUGHT.\\nI will allow a thing to struggle for itself in this world, with\\nany sword or tongue or implement it has, or can lay hold of. We\\nwill let it preach and pamphleteer and fight, and to the utter-\\nmost bestir itself, and do, beak and claw, whatsoever is in it;\\nvery sure that it will, in the long run, conquer nothing which\\ndoes not deserve to be conquered. What is better than itself it\\ncannot put away, but only what is worse. In this great duel.\\nNature herself is umpire, and can do no wrong: the thing which\\nis deepest-rooted in Nature, what we call truest, that thing and\\nnot the other will be found growing at last. Garlyle.\\nThere was no delusion about it. The people\\nof the two sections understood clearly and defi-\\nnitely what impelled them to the issue of arms.\\nThe War of the Rebellion was not the project of\\nambitious men. It was the people s war and it\\nwas fruitful of lasting good to the human race.\\nThe two sections were equally right and equally\\nwrong, and every victory of one was ultimately\\na victory for the other. From the time of the\\nconstitutional convention to the election of Lin-\\ncoln, negro slavery had obtruded itself in some\\nform into the consideration of nearly every great\\nquestion that occupied public attention. The\\nNorth and South fell apart, divided on many\\nproblems that harassed the minds of men from\\\\\\nthe beginning of our independence, but matters\\npertaining to slavery alone gave edge to sectional:", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "8 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80UR1ANS.\\nantipathy and furnished all the irritation and all\\nthe excitement necessary for the precipitation of\\nthe bloody conflict. There were causes remote\\nand immediate. The proximate causes of the war\\nmay be uttered in two words the Underground\\nEailroad operated by the North and the Fugitive\\nSlave Law enacted for the South. For forty year^\\nthe Underground Railroad pertinaciously carried\\nnegroes, aggregating many thousands, from South-\\nern slavery to Northern freedom. The South be-\\ncame exasperated at this ruinous pillage, and in\\n1850 secured the passage of a new Fugitive Slave\\nLaw. This was a brutal, inhuman law, enacted\\nwith the hope of estopping the nefarious opera-\\ntions of the Underground Railroad.\\nThe Underground Railroad and the Fugitive\\nSlave Law these wrought the temper of the\\ndivided nation to the pitch and strain of revolu-\\ntion. The North would have seceded had not the\\nSouth done so. The experiment of disunion had to\\nbe tried before the sections could be welded into a\\nnation.\\nAs early as the days of Washington the Quak-\\ners had a secret society in Philadelphia whose ob-\\nject was to promote the escape of slaves into Can-\\nada. Societies consecrated to the same cause con-\\ntinued to multiply, and by the year 1820 were nu-\\nmerous. By the year 1840 these societies were in\\nsystematic operation, not only all over the North,\\nbut also throughout the slave States.\\nA negro escaping from his master was clandes-", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "WHY THEY FOUGHT. 9\\ntinely conducted at night from one station to\\nanother. He was hidden during the day in some\\nbarn or cellar. Sometimes the fugitives traveled\\nin companies, and the business was wholesale.\\nThe operators used steamboat and steamship lines,\\nrailroads, canals, and road wagons. There were\\nstations in the principal cities of the country.\\nThere died in St. Louis, in the summer of 1899,\\na man by the name of Evens, in whose veins was\\nnegro blood. Evens was one of the trusted oper-\\nators of the Underground Railroad. He kept a\\nwagon yard and a supply of large boxes. He\\nw^ould secrete a negro fugitive in one of these boxes\\nduring the night, and next morning he would load\\nthe box into his wa^on and drive boldly and leis-\\nurely dow^n to the river and then cross the ferry\\nto the Illinois side. He returned with the box\\nempty.\\nThe negro slaves soon heard of the avenues of\\nescape. White abolitionists who settled or trav-\\neled in the South spread the information among\\nthe negroes, giving them minute details. Ohio,\\nalways opposed, in the abstract, to slavery, hired\\neach year, from Kentucky and Virginia, on an av-\\nerage of 2,000 negro slaves. These heard of Can-\\nada and the settlements of the free negroes in the\\nNorthern States. The slave-holders used to at-\\ntempt to counteract abolition persuasion among\\nthe negroes by representing to them the rigors of\\nthe Northern climate.\\nThe number of escapes of negroes by the Un-\\n2", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "10 BATTLES AND BIOORAPEIEB OF MIS80URIAN8.\\nderground Railroad was variously estimated.\\nOne congressman placed the number at 100,000\\nfor the period of forty years ending with 1850. A\\ncongressional committee reported in 1861 that the\\nnumber of fugitive slaves had greatly decreased\\nin the preceding decade, but the census of 1860 is\\nknown to be erroneous on this subject. Senator\\nTrusten Polk, of Missouri, in a speech in the\\nSenate, January, 1861, said\\nUnderground Railroads are established,\\nstretching from the remotest slave-holding States\\nclean up to Canada. Secret agencies are put to\\nwork in the very midst of our slave-holding com-\\nmunities to steal away slaves. This\\nlawlessness is felt with especial seriousness in the\\nborder slave States. Hundreds of thou-\\nsands of dollars are lost annually. i^en-\\ntucky loses annually as much as |200,000. The\\nother border States no doubt lose in the same\\nratio, Missouri much more.\\nBut all these losses and outrages, all this dis-\\nregard of constitutional obligation and social duty\\nare as nothing in their bearing upon the Union in\\ncomparison with the animus, the intent and pur-\\npose of which they are at once the fruit and the\\nevidence.\\nProf. Wilbur H. Siebert, of the Ohio Univer-\\nsity, has published a large volume, entitled The\\nUnderground Railroad. He closes the work with\\nthis sentence: The Underground Railroad was\\none of the greatest forces which brought on the", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "WHY THEY FOUGHT.\\n11\\nCivil War and thus destroyed slavery. He pub-\\nlishes in the book a map streaked with interwoven,\\ncomplicated red lines, exhibiting clearly the Un-\\nderground Eailroad system on land and sea. The\\nauthor says: Thus it happened that in the\\ncourse of sixty years before the outbreak of the\\nWar of the Eebellion the Northern States became\\ntraversed by numerous secret pathways leading\\nfrom Southern bondage to Canadian freedom.\\nThe introduction to the book says: In aiding\\nfugitive slaves the abolitionist was making the\\nmost effective protest against the continuance of\\nslavery; but he Avas also doing something more\\ntangible; he was helping the oppressed, he was\\neluding the oppressor, and at the same time he was\\nenjoying the most romantic and exciting amuse-\\nment open to men who had high moral standards.\\nHe w\\\\as taking risks, defying laws, and making\\nhimself liable to punishment, and yet could glow\\nwith the healthful pleasure of duty done.\\nThe Underground Eailroad was simply a form\\nof combined defiance of national law^s, on the\\ngrounds that those laws were unjust and oppres-\\nsive. It was the unconstitutional but logical re-\\nfusal of several thousand people to acknow^ledge\\nthat they owed any regard to slavery or were\\nbound to look upon a fleeing bondsman as prop-\\nerly of the slave-holder, no matter how the laws\\nread. It gave opportunity for the bold\\nand adventurous; it had the excitement of piracy,\\nthe secrecy of burglary, the daring of insurrection;", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "12 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\nto the pleasure of relieving the poor negro s suffer-\\nings, it added the triumph of snapping one s fingers\\nat the slave-catcher. As yet we know\\ntoo little of the anti-slavery movement which so\\nprofoundly stirred the Western States, including\\nMissouri and Kentucky, and which came closely\\ninto contact with actual conditions of slavery.\\nThe most prominent figure in Underground\\nRailway circles was that of John Brown, a brave,\\nfanatical man, who operated from the Missouri-\\nKansas border and finally at Harper s Ferry. His\\nlast exploit was intended to be an open consumma-\\ntion of fifty years of secret Underground Railroad\\nl^rojects. His action at Harper s Ferry stirred the\\nSouth with a profound and intense excitement.\\nThe long-dreaded servile insurrection seemed near\\nat hand and the South shuddered. The fact was\\nthen unknown that the negro race is incapable of\\nany united and sustained effort. John Brown\\ngave more oil to the fire of sectional hate in one\\nday than had all other abolitionists in fifty years.\\nThe South held a vested property right in negro\\nslaves and openly denounced as a thief any man\\nwho took such i^roperty from rightful owners.\\nThe Underground Railway, therefore, was re-\\ngarded as a system of wholesale pillage, and in\\nbearing it for fifty years th-e South thought itself\\nvery patient. The North as a whole disavowed the\\ndoctrine of abolitionism and condemned the Un-\\nderground Railroad, but the people of the North\\nwere a unit in denouncing the sin of slavery. And", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "WET THEY FOUGHT. 13\\nall the people of the North united in a campaign\\nagainst slavery, the most remarkable campaign\\nthe world has ever witnessed. They denounced\\nslavery in the papers, in books, in pami)hlets, from\\npulpits, from rostrums and platforms; by resolu-\\ntions in conventions, in societies and legislatures.\\nTlie}^ sent petitions to Congress voluminously\\nsigned and they packed the mail-bags with incen-\\ndiary documents intended to incite the slaves to\\ninsurrection. Congress Avas flooded every morn-\\ning with resolutions from legislatures praying\\nthat the Union be dissolved or that hostile action\\nbe taken against slavery. Jeff Davis said in a\\nspeech: ^^Sir, it is a melancholy fact that, morn-\\ning after morning, when we come here to enter up-\\non the business of the Senate, our feelings are har-\\nrowed up by the introduction of this exciting and\\nprofitless subject, and we are compelled to listen\\nto insults heaped upon our institutions.\\nThe South was exasperated at the North for\\nsuch expressions of antipathy toward the institu-\\ntion of slavery. Underground Railroad charters\\nwere seen in Whittier s and Lucy Larcom s poems,\\nin Uncle Tom s Cabin and in all the range of\\nNorthern literature. The Underground Railroad\\nsystem had its franchise in Northern public\\nsentiment\\nIn 1850 the South secured the passage of the\\nnew Fugitive Slave Law. The North was in-\\nstantly overrun with slave-hunters; coarse men\\nusually hired agents who found as much pleasure", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "14 BATTLED A^ D BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURI AN 8.\\nin reclaiming a negro as the Underground Rail-\\nroad operator did in kidnapping him.\\nThe immediate effect of the new Fugitive\\nSlave Law was to stimulate the business of the\\nUnderground Railroad, which at once received\\npublic recognition and aid in the passage of Per-\\nsonal Liberty Laws in all the Northern States.\\nThe human race has not yet produced a people\\nwho would not fight under such conditions.\\nEach section was incensed and outraged by the\\nactions, the sentiments, and the laws of the other.\\nThe Fugitive Slave Law^ was brutal in its\\nterms; and it was executed upon the Northern peo-\\nple by inhuman processes. A slave-ow^ner, or his\\nagent, might pursue andpersonally arrest a fugitive\\nslave; he might command the assistance of any by-\\nstander. All federal officials and all the machin-\\nery of the federal law were at his service. The\\nlaw of 1850 imposed judicial duties, in the arrest\\nand return of fugitive slaves, on the United States\\ncommissioners, on the judges of the United States\\ncircuit and district courts, on judges of territorial\\ncourts, and on such special commissioners as the\\nvarious courts might appoint. The United States\\ncommissioners had power to arrest and imprison\\nany citizen for offenses against the United States.\\nIt was the duty of all United States marshals to\\nexecute all warrants and processes of judges and\\ncommissioners. A fugitive slave, upon being ar-\\nrested, was brought before a judge or commis-\\nsioner, whose duty it was to summarily dispose of", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "WHY THEY FOUGHT. I5\\nthe case. The testimony of the fugitive was not\\nadmissible. No jury was permitted in such\\ncases. The ownership of a horse might be tried\\nbefore a jury, but not the ownership of a negro.\\nThis was not so unreasonable as it appears to be.\\nA jury of Northern citizens would have been un-\\nprejudiced in the case of a horse; in the case of a\\nnegro the verdict would have been regarded as a\\nforegone conclusion. By the abuse of the Fugitive\\nSlave Law, the legally free negroes of the North\\nwere in danger of arrest and transportation to the\\nSouth. The law was a dangerous exercise of fed-\\neral power and was directly subvertive of the State\\nrights doctrine so strongly advocated by the South.\\nBut if the Fugitive Slave Law was brutal and in-\\nhuman, so was the condition against which it was\\nintended to militate. Both the Fugitive Slave\\nLaw and the Underground Kailroad were respon-\\nsible for theft and murder.\\nTo counteract the outrageous processes and the\\nenforcement of the Fugitive Slave Law^, fourteen\\nof the free States enacted what came to be known\\nas the Personal Liberty Laws. The laws of Maine\\nprovided that no sheriff, deputy sheriff, coroner,\\nconstable, jailer, justice of the peace, or other offi-\\ncer of the State should arrest or detain, or aid in\\nso doing, in any prison or building belonging to the\\nState, or in any county or town, any person on\\naccount of a claim on him as a fugitive slave,\\nunder penalty not exceeding |1,000, and made it\\nthe duty of ail county attorneys to repair to the", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "16 BATTLES AND BIOGBAFHIES OF MimOURIANS.\\nplace where such person was held in custody, and\\nrender him all necessary and legal assistance in\\nmaking his defense against said claim.\\nThe statutes of New Hampshire declared that\\nslaves coming or brought into the State by or\\nwith the consent of the master should be free; to\\nhold a slave was felony.\\nThe laws of Vermont held that no court, justice\\nof the peace, or magistrate should take cognizance\\nof any certificate, warrant, or process under the\\nFugitive Slave Law, and provided that no officer or\\ncitizen of the State should arrest or aid and assist\\nin arresting any person for the reason that he was\\nclaimed as a fugitive slave.\\nThis Northern exercise of State rights was not\\nax preciated by the South.\\nThe people of the two sections were thus face\\nto face in enmity and war w^as inevitable. Yet the\\ndisputes arising out of questions of slaver}^ were\\ninadequate to raise such a war as broke out in\\n1861. These disputes would have been com-\\npromised again and again, as they had ever been;\\nbut other questions pressed to the front for settle-\\nment and assassinated compromise. The burden\\nof all other questions fell on the shoulders of the\\ninstitution of slavery. Superficial observers have\\nsaid that slavery caused the war. Slavery indi-\\ncated the point of friction; here was the excite-\\nment, the agitation, but back of slavery were\\nthe impact and momentum of such heavy questions\\nas the tariff, State rights, construction of the Con-", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "WHT THEY FOUGHT. 17\\nstitution, alternate admission of Northern and\\nSouthern States to the Union, acquisition of new\\nterritory (known in our day as expansion the\\nextension of slavery into new territory, and some\\nothers. Slavery questions might be compromised\\nthese others could not be compromised, being fun-\\ndamental. They had to be referred to the arbitra-\\nment of the sword.\\nAmong the questions up for determination by\\nthe war was the question as to the right of a\\nState to secede. The war settled the question of\\nsecession, settled it forever and settled it right;\\nsettled it no less for the North than for the South.\\nAnd the question of secession needed to be set-\\ntled for the North even more than for the South.\\nFor seventy years after the Constitution went\\ninto operation, the people of the North taught the\\ndoctrine of secession, and often threatened, even\\nattempted, to put it into practice.\\nMr. Pow^ell, in Secession and Nullification in\\nthe United States, says: The effort of eleven\\nStates to break loose from the Union in 1800-61\\nwas not an episode dependent on a novel reading\\nof constitutional rights, nor was it solely a con-\\nsequence of the desire to perpetuate a social sys-\\ntem based on slavery. It is a very partial and a\\nvery partisan reading of American history that\\nfails to see that from the acceptance of the Consti-\\ntution in 1790 there had been a tendency to assert\\nthe right of States to nullify national enactments\\nor even to sever their relation to the Union. This", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "18 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS. i\\nhas been a shifting sentiment; asserted now at the\\nSouth and now at the North. Overt acts have\\nbeen six in number. The first of these occurred\\nin 1798, and in Virginia and Kentuck}^ took\\nthe shape of nullification resolutions. The sec-\\nond was the effort of New England, in 1803,\\nto create a Northern Confederacy, consisting\\nof five New England States with New York\\nand New Jersey. The third was the desperate\\neffort of Vice-President Burr to create a cleava i:e\\nin the Southwest, including the Mississippi Val-\\nley, and, hopefully, of Ohio. The fourth in the\\ndisagreeable list was the practical withdrawal of\\nthe NeAV England States from cooperation in the\\nWar of 1812-14; ending in a convention of those\\nStates to formulate sectional autonomy. The\\nfifth act was in the form of nullification, and was\\nconfined to South Carolina. The sixth and final act\\nw^as that of 1861, when eleven States withdrew\\ntheir representatives from Washington, and cre-\\nated a distinct Confederacy. We may concede\\nthat in all these cases the result involved a whole-\\nsome discussion of federal problems.^\\nWendell Phillips, the apostle of abolitionism,\\nfor years advocated a peaceable separation of the\\nsections as a means of abolishing slavery. He\\nsaid: Here are a series of States girding the\\nGulf who think their peculiar isms require a\\nseparate government. They have a right to decide\\nthat question without appealing to me or you.\\nThe New York Herald advocated the recon-", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "WHY THEY FOUGHT. 19\\nstriietiou of the Uuioii, with New En^hind k^fl\\nout. Horace Greeley wrote in February, 1861:\\nIf the cotton States choose to form an independ-\\nent nation, the}^ have a clear right to do so. After\\nthe election of Lincoln came the first intimation\\nthat a seceding State might be coerced back into\\nthe Union. It was a bold, startling intimation,\\nnew to the country, and elicited from Horace\\nGreeley the vigorous announcement that soldiers\\nmarching into the South for any such unholy pur-\\npose would be fired upon in the rear by Northern\\nmen w^ho believed the right of secession to be\\nsacred. The North had taught the right of seces-\\nsion for seventy years, and for seventy years de-\\nsired a government separate from the South. The\\nfiring on Fort Sumter reversed the North in one\\nday. Greeley and Phillips and all the rest who\\nthought they believed in the right of secession,\\nand in the propriety of separation, fell into line\\nfor the Union and for coercion. The world was\\nastonished at them they were astonished at them-\\nselves. The Constitution suddenly became sacred\\nand the Union indissoluble. They had denounced\\nthe Constitution as a compact with the devil, in\\nleague with hell. They had proclaimed a higher\\nlaw than the Constitution. The South was about\\nto dissolve the Union in order to save the prlucipl s\\nof the Constitution; the North determined to pre-\\nserve the Constitution by maintaining the Union.\\nThose of the North who have condemned the\\nSouth as traitorous have condemned their own an-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "20 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOUBIANS.\\ntececlents, their own history, and the sentiment and\\npast conduct of their own people. One thought of\\nthe attitude of the North at the Hartford Conven-\\ntion ought to check any man who attempts to ap-\\nply the word ^^traitor to the South for its action in\\n1861. It was long the habit of the North to ap-\\nply bitter language to the South. Alexander H.\\nStephens, the brainiest man of the South, in re-\\nply to a letter from President Lincoln concerning\\nthe Rebellion, said that the South was resenting\\nthe moral opprobrium heaped upon them by the\\nNorth. Perhaps if the North had used more gen-\\nteel language toward the South, there would have\\nbeen no war.\\nMr. Powell, above referred to, says It is time\\nto deal justly by the South; and recognize its full\\nshare in the better part of nation-building; while\\nat the same time we do not overlook the diverse\\nobligations that naturally fell upon the comple-\\nmentary sections. It is easy for either North or\\nSouth to perceive the blunders in action and de-\\nfects of character of the opposite section; it is dif-\\nficult to generously measure each other s achieve-\\nments, and to help atone for each other s errors.\\nIn conclusion, I quote briefly from Jeff Davis,\\nJohn Sherman, Henry Clay, Thos. Benton, Repre-\\nsentative McDuflfte, and the majority and minority\\nreports of the committee in the Missouri State Con-\\nvention, known as the Gamble Convention.\\nFrom the beginning Congress had admitted\\nStates into the Union alternately, one from the", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "WHY THEY FOUGHT. 21\\nNorth and one from the South. Jeff Davis said of\\nthe great contest: It is a struggle for the main-\\ntenance or the destruction of that balance of power\\nor equipoise between North and South which was\\nearly recognized as a cardinal principle in our fed-\\neral system.\\nSherman said They [the people of the South]\\nhad cultivated a bitter sectional enmity, amount-\\ning to contempt, for the people of the North, grow-\\ning partly out of the subserviency of large portions\\nof the North to the dictation of the South, but\\nchiefly out of the wordy violence and disregard of\\nconstitutional obligations by the abolitionists of\\nthe North. ^herman^s Recollections.^^\\nBenton said in a speech before the United\\nStates Senate: Wealth has fled from the South\\nand settled in the regions north of the Potomac.\\nUnder this legislation [tariff] the exports of the\\nSouth have been made the basis of the federal\\nrevenue, Virginia and the two Carolinas defraying\\nthree-fourths of the national expense.\\nRepresentative McDuffie, of South Carolina,\\nsaid in Congress: Sirs, if the union of these\\nStates shall ever be severed and their liberties sub-\\nverted, the historian who records these disasters\\nwill have to ascribe them to measures of this de-\\nscription [tariff].\\nClay, at the same time, said: The danger to\\nthe Union does not lie on the side of persistence\\nin the protective system, but on that of its aban-\\ndonment.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "22 BATTLES AND BIOChRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nThe majority report of the ^^Gamble Conven-\\ntion committee reviewed the causes which led\\nto the war, as follows:\\nIf, in our astonishment at the sudden disrup-\\ntion of our nation, we attempt to trace the causes\\nthat produced the disastrous results, we find that\\nthe origin of the difficulty is rather in the alienated\\nfeelings existing between the northern and south-\\nern sections of our country, than in the actual in-\\njury suffered by either; rather in the anticipation\\nof future evils, than in the pressure of any now\\nactually endured.\\nIt is true that the people of the Southern States\\nhave a right to complain of the incessant abuse\\npoured upon their institutions by the press, the\\npulpit, and many of the people of the North. It is\\ntrue that they have a right to complain of legisla-\\ntive enactments designed to interfere with the as-\\nsertion of their constitutional rights. It is true\\nthat the hostile feeling to Southern institutions\\nenter^ined by many of the North has manifested\\nitself in mob violence, interfering with the exe-\\ncution of laws made to secure the rights of\\nSouthern citizens. It is true that in one instance\\nthis fanatical feeling has displayed itself in the\\nactual invasion of a Southern State by a few mad-\\nmen, who totally misunderstood the institution\\nthey came to subvert. It is true that a sectional\\npolitical party has been organized at the North,\\nbased upon the idea that the institution of South-\\nern slavery is not to be allowed to extend itself", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "WHY THEY FOUGHT. 23\\ninto territory of the United States, and that this\\nparty has for the present possessed itself of the\\npower of the Government. Whilst it is thus true\\nthat the people of the South have well-grounded\\ncomplaints against many of their fellow-citizens of\\nthe North, it is equally true that heretofore there\\nhas been no complaint against the action of the\\nFederal Government in an}^ of its departments, as\\ndesigned to violate the rights of the Southern\\nStates. By some incomprehensible delusion, many\\nNorthern people have come to believe that in some\\nway they are chargeable with complicity in what\\nthey are pleased to consider the sin of slavery.\\nThis morbid sensitiveness has been minis-\\ntered to b}^ religious and political agitators for the\\npurpose of increasing their own importance and\\nadvancing their own interests, and the natural con-\\nsequences have followed: outbursts of mob vio-\\nlence and of political action against the owners of\\nslaves.\\nUpon the subject of violent interference by\\nmobs with the execution of the Fugitive Slave\\nLaw, and the forcible abduction of slaves when\\nwith their owners in the Northern States, it is\\nproper to observe there reigns throughout the land\\na spirit of insubordination to law that is proba-\\nbly unequalled in any other civilized country on\\nthe globe. This report was written by Judge\\nGamble.\\nThe minority report said: ^^When we look\\nback over the history of our country, we see arising\\nin the Northern States an anti-slavery party,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "24 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nwhose sole cohesive principle was a bitter hostility\\nto the slave institutions of the Southern States.\\nAt first that party was weak, its members few and\\nscattered abroad and considered by the Northern\\npeople themselves as mischievous fanatics; it con-\\ntinued gradually, but steadily, to increase until\\npolitical parties began to court its aid.\\nThey violated the compact that united them to\\ntheir sister States of the South. By that compact,\\nthey had covenanted that a fugitive slave found\\nwithin their borders should be delivered up, upon\\ndemand of his master. They have violated their\\ncompact\\n1st. By failing to enact laws providing for\\nhis delivery.\\n2d. By refusing the master aid, permitting\\ntheir lawless citizens to deprive him of his prop-\\nerty by mob violence.\\n3d. When Congress interposed for his relief\\nby the enactment of the Fugitive Slave Law, they\\ntrampled that law under foot, and nullified it by\\ndeliberate State legislation.\\nKETROSPECTION.\\nThe centripetal and centrifugal forces in our\\npolitical system manifested their presence at the\\nConstitutional Convention in 1787. Hamilton and\\nhis followers wanted a constitution that gave great\\npower to the general (xovernment. The opponents\\nto Hamilton s policy, led afterwards by Jefferson,\\ninsisted on leaving the largest possible power with\\nthe respective States. These two forces required", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "WHY THEY FOUGHT. 25\\nthe Constitutional Convention to resort to many\\ncompromises.\\nOur Constitution is a bundle of compromises.\\nThe convention wrote three compromises in the\\nConstitution on the subject of slavery, while simi-\\nlar devices went to other subjects. The result was\\nan instrument which Gladstone denominated the\\nmost wonderful work ever struck off at a given\\ntime by the brain and purpose of man, but which\\nour fathers accepted with grave misgivings. Only\\nnine of the thirteen States accepted the Constitu-\\ntion, barely enough to set the new government in\\noperation. New York ratified the Constitution,\\nbut in doing so called upon all ratifying States to\\nmake immediate application to the new Congress,\\npresently to meet, for the authorization of a new\\nConstitutional Convention, and at the same time\\nspecified thirty-three amendments which alone\\nwould bring the new system to any tolerable de-\\ngree of perfection. Massachusetts demanded nu-\\nmerous amendments in her act of ratification.\\nDiscontent with the new sj^stem was very general.\\nPennsylvania ratified promptly by fraud, it was\\ncharged. Left to a popular vote, the Constitution\\nwould have been rejected. The ratifying Colonies\\ndid not like each other. They never had liked\\neach other. The foolish effort of King George the\\nThird to impose upon them a personal government\\nhad driven them into a constrained and unwilling\\nunity. Scarcely had independence been achieved\\nwhen the Colonies began to harass each other with\\ntariff schedules.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "26 BATTLES AND BIOQRAPEIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nAt the beginning of the Revolution, Virginia\\nwas in closer touch with England than with Mas-\\nsachusetts. In Pennsylvania and New York the\\nTory party at all times prior to the actual begin-\\nning of hostilities largely outnumbered the Whig\\nparty. Fiske, in his Critical Period/ says: It\\nwas not simply free Massachusetts and slave-hold-\\ning South Carolina, or English Connecticut and\\nDutch New York, that misunderstood and ridiculed\\neach other; but even between such neighboring\\nStates as Connecticut and Massachusetts, both of\\nthem thoroughly English and Puritan and in all\\ntheir social conditions exactly alike, it used to be\\nsaid that there Vv^as no love lost. The Colonies\\nceased to levy tariffs against each other with the\\nadoption of the Constitution, but the tariff habit\\nwas continued, being transferred to a wide plane,\\nwhereby one section gained material advantage at\\nthe expense of the other section. Negro slavery at\\nthe South had a marked influence in unifying that\\nsection against the tariff aggression of the North.\\nRightly understood, negro slaves saved the Union\\nfor seventy years by solidifying the South against\\nthe disintegrating tendencies of the North.\\nAt the beginning of the nineteenth century two\\nmen, one a philanthropist, the other a soldier, and\\neach a statesman, Jefferson and Napoleon, con-\\ntributed to the history of the world a chapter which\\nwas rife with the shadows of civil war. If there\\nhad been no Louisiana Purchase, there would have", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "WHY THEY FOUGHT. 27\\nbeen no war of the Rebellion. Strife and dissen-\\ntion were born of the expansion of 1803.\\nFrom the beginning there had been recogniza-\\nbly a North and a South. Congress early estab-\\nlished the practice of admitting States into the\\nUnion alternately, one from the North and one\\nfrom the South, for the purpose of sustaining the\\nequipoise between the two sections. Thus Missis-\\nsippi and Indiana were admitted as offsets; Ala-\\nbama and Illinois, Missouri and Maine. The Lou-\\nisiana Purchase and the Missouri Compromise ren-\\ndered the North top-heavy. The North was able\\nto outswap the South. The war with Mexico and\\nthe acquisition of Spanish territory w^ere consum-\\nmated with the view of gaining for the South new\\nslave territory. The War of 1812 nearly drove the\\nNorth into secession; the Louisiana Purchase and\\nthe war with Mexico opened the door wide to\\nSouthern secession.\\nThe War of the Rebellion actually began in the\\nbloody effort of both North and South to win Kan-\\nsas under the Gospel of Douglas, or Squatter Sov-\\nereignty, an am])lified State rights doctrine.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "28 BATTLES AND BtOaRAPHlES OF MISSOURI AN S.\\nChapter II.\\nKANSAS TROUBLES.\\nI do believe,\\nStatist though I be none, nor lilie to be,\\nThat this will prove a war.\\nShakespeare.\\nHo, brothers! Come, brothers!\\nHasten all with me!\\nWe 11 Bing upon the Kansas plains\\nA song of liberty!\\nLucy Larcom.\\nThe great Santa F^ Trail, which began at Inde-\\npendence, Mo., separated into two branches in\\nKansas, and gave that Territory two great higli-\\nways. One branch led southwest into New Mex-\\nico; the other ran up between the Kaw and the\\nWakarusa. This was the California rout Fr m\\nall the river towns and all the landings, roads ram-\\nified the West. The travel of emigrants over the\\nprincipal of these roads equalled the travel over\\nan Eastern turnpike. (Hale, 1854.)\\nEli Thayer, a member of the Massachusetts Leg-\\nislature, conceived the plan of assisting European\\nemigrants, who reached our eastern seaboard, to\\nlocate safely in the West. There were harpies in\\nthose days, who lived by fleecing newly-arrived\\nforeigners. Mr. Thayer introduced and had\\npassed a bill providing for the incorporation of the\\nMassachusetts Emigrant and Aid Society, with a", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "KANSAS TROUBLES. 29\\ncapital stock limited to |5,000,000. This was one\\nof the earliest sinews of the war between the\\nStates. Similar societies were incorporated in\\nNew York and Connecticut. Emigrants, foreign\\nand native, were sent to Kansas as rapidly as pos-\\nsible. Free transportation was given to all who\\napplied for tickets for the journey. Local leagues\\nand auxiliary branches were erected all over the\\nEast as feeders to the emigrant companies. The\\nUnion Emigrant Society of Washington City was\\norganized by such members of Congress and citi-\\nzens generally as were opposed to the repeal of the\\nMissouri Compromise and to the extension of\\nslavery in the Territories.\\nThe passage of the Kansas-Nebraska bill en-\\nthroned Squatter Sovereignty, a term first used\\nby Senator Cass, of Michigan. The term meant\\nthat the settlers in a new Territory should super-\\nvise their own domestic affairs without the dicta-\\ntion of the general Government at Washington\\nCity; that is, the settlers were to have slavery or\\nnot as they might elect. Edward E. Hale, of Bos-\\nton, wrote a book in 1854, on Emigrant Aid So-\\ncieties, in which he said: To secure to Kansas,\\ntherefore, a fair proportion of Western emigra-\\ntion; to secure for the principle of Squatter Sov-\\nereignty a fair trial, and to make sure that the in-\\nstitutions, both of Kansas and Nebraska, should\\nbe digested by settlers of every class; it became\\nnecessary that some organization of the great cur-\\nrent of western emigration should encourage each", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "30 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOVRIANS.\\nemigrant from the North by showing him how\\nstrong a force was behind him and around him.\\nThe Missonrians accepted the repeal of the Mis-\\nsouri Compromise and the passage of the Kansas-\\nNebraska bill as legalizing the claims of slavery in\\nall the Territories. They felt outraged by the tres-\\npass and intrusion of Yankee emigrants who were\\nnot bona-fide settlers, but who came as minions of\\npolitical schemers of the East to abolitionize the\\nnew Territory. The Missonrians argued that Mas-\\nsachusetts and Vermont had no right to come with\\ntheir abolition propaganda into Kansas and thus\\nopen an avenue of escape to Missouri slaves. The\\nUnderground Eailroad was in operation all over\\nthe country when Kansas was erected into a Terri-\\ntory in 1854. The Missonrians, therefore, not to\\nbe outdone by Yankee schemes and enterprise, or-\\nganized Blue Lodges, Sons of the South, and\\nother orders. The methods and purposes of these\\nlodges were exactly similar to the methods and\\npurposes of the Eastern Aid Societies. Antici-\\npating the arrival of the Eastern emigrants, the\\nMissonrians went iAto the new Territory and\\nstaked off numerous claims, the basis of many\\nfuture quarrels. In July, 1854, the first Eastern\\nemigrants arrived in Kansas and stopped at Law-\\nrence. A band of pro-slavery Missonrians warned\\nthem not to settle there. No blood Avas shed, but\\nthe inter-state quarrel was begun, and the quarrel\\ndeepened from that day and widened until the na-", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "KANSAS TROUBLES. 31\\ntioii was involved, and only ended with Lee and\\nGrant at Appomattox.\\nA Free Soil w^riter of the time, who denominat-\\ned the Missourians as Border Riiflfians/ said:\\n^Yankee settlements in the valley of the Kaw\\nawakened a bloodthirsty wish to extirpate them.\\nThe extirpation imi)iilse seemed to be mutual be-\\ntween the Free Soil and the pro-slavery people.\\nDuring the half-dozen years between 1854 and\\n1860, poor bleeding-, distracted Kansas excited uni-\\nversal interest, hatred at the South, commiseration\\nat the North. The effusion of blood was not the\\nvendetta of fractious and misguided neighbors.\\nThe temper of the wide nation was displaying it-\\nself here in the Territory of Kansas. The shock\\nhere was the premonition of the earthquake of the\\nCivil War.\\nMr. Thayer has left on record that the Missouri\\nsettler brought his family into Kansas, while the\\nAid Societies sent out only men. It was noted\\nthat the abolition settlers had more Sharp s rifles\\nthan implements of agriculture. In 1854 the first\\nelection was held in Kansas. Citizens of Missouri\\nwent over and voted. They carried the election\\nand the pro-slavery delegate elected to Congress\\ntook his seat and served without protest. The Ter-\\nritorial Legislature was elected in March, 1855. On\\nthe occasion of this election large bands of Mis-\\nsourians invaded Kansas to vote, claiming that\\nthey had as good a right in fact, a better right to\\nvote than did the interlopers brought fromtheEast", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "32 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\nby Emigrant Aid Societies. Over a thousand Mis-\\nsourians attended the election at Lawrence, more\\nthan enough to carry that precinct; so three hun-\\ndred rode twelve miles to another precinct and car-\\nried that also. The best men of the State of Mis-\\nsouri attended this Kansas election and exercised\\nthe right of suffrage. Such men as Claiborne F.\\nJackson, Senator D. K. Atchison, Joseph O. Shel-\\nby, John T. Hughes, judges of Buchanan and Cass\\ncounties and other county officials, and prominent\\ncitizens from different parts of the State, were en-\\nthusiastic visitors in Kansas on that 30tli of\\nMarch, 1855. Senator Atchison, who had been\\npresident of the United States Senate, said in\\nurging Missourians to vote in Kansas: If men a\\nthousand miles off can send men to abolitionize\\nKansas, how much more is it the duty of those who\\nlive within a day s journey of the Territory, and\\nwhose peace and property depend on the result,\\nto meet and send young men over the border\\nto vote. If they should fail, Missouri and the oth-\\ner Southern States would show themselves rec-\\nreant to their own interests and would deserve\\ntheir fate.\\nA pro-slavery legislature was declared elected,\\nand this body made the Lecompton Constitution\\nand enacted laws which Avere utterly repudiated\\nby the Free Soil party of the Territory of Kansas.\\nA Free Soil writer said of the election: The im-\\nmediate effect was to further excite the people of\\nthe Northern States, induce acts of retaliation, and", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "KAN 8 AS TROUBLES. 33\\nexasperate the actual settlers against their Mis-\\nsouri neighbors.\\nGovernor Shannon, of Kansas, said he could\\nunderstand why Missouri was so active in Kansas\\naffairs: Missouri has 50,000 slaves in that por-\\ntion of her territory which borders upon Kansas.\\nBy estimating the average value of each of these\\nslaves at |600, a low estimate, we have a total of\\n$30,000,000. Now, should Kansas become a free\\nState, it would be ruinous to the slave-holding in-\\nterests of Missouri.\\nJames Montgomery was a Christian minister\\nfrom Missouri, a Free Soiler of decided cast. He\\nsettled on Sugar Creek, a Kansas tributary of the\\nMarais des Cygnes. In 1856, Gen. Clark, with 300\\nUnited States troops, burned his house. He or-\\nganized a band of Jay hawkers, and these retaliated\\nby despoiling their pro-slavery neighbors. Houses\\nwere ransacked and burned; horses were taken;\\nBlue Lodge men were notified to leave the country\\nor were murdered. Montgomery s biographer and\\napologist, Tomlinson, says: His judgment, cour-\\nage, and skill with firearms became proverbial.\\nMontgoinery was in open rebellion against the\\nUnited States authorities at Fort Scott. In the\\nbattle of Yellow Paint he overcame the Federal\\ntroops. Tomlinson says: By that fight the\\nfirst between the settlers and the Federal soldiery\\nof Kansas it was satisfactorily demonstrated\\nthat a Sharp s rifle ball, carefully directed, would\\nhave the same effect upon a dragoon as upon a", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "34 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\ncommon man. The cry of Montgomery s men was,\\nDown with Fort Scott! Down with the strong-\\nhold of tyranny! The operations of John Brown\\nbelong to general history and are well known.\\nBrown was an nnselfish, fanatical abolitionist;\\nMontgomery was a Jayhawker. Brown killed\\nmen and took their property, if they believed in\\nslavery. He was not a robber per se, although af-\\nter his last raid into Missouri he sold his horse in\\nOhio, warning the purchaser of a possible defect\\nin title. Missouri was an older country than\\nKansas, and, possessing more property than Kan-\\nsas, suffered heavier losses than the latter. Mis-\\nsourians found ample pretexts for penetrating into\\nKansas to recover stolen and runaway negroes and\\nstray horses. These were usually enterprising\\nenough to get what they went after in either meal\\nor malt.\\nLeverett W. Springer, professor of English in\\nthe University of Kansas, in his admirable Avork,\\nsays that Fort Scott was a military post from 1842\\nto 1856 and w^as a Border Ruffian stronghold,\\nagainst which the Jayhawkers directed especial\\nanimus. Springer says:\\nConfederated at first for defense against pro-\\nslavery outrages, but ultimately more or less com-\\npletely into the vocation of robbery and assassins,\\nthey received the name^ whatever its origin may\\nbe of Jayhawkers. The best known leader in the\\njayhawking episodes is James Montgomery.\\nIn these aggressions Jayhawkers seemed to", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "KANSAS TROUBLES. 35\\ntake the lead, and they established a freebootin^\\nreputation that fairly intimidated pro-slavery ad-\\nherents. The accounts of marauding incursions\\nfrom Missouri which appeared in contemporary\\nprints were mostly canards circulated by Jay-\\nhawkers as an excuse for their own depredations.\\nThey occasionally dispatched messengers to Law-\\nrence with a budget of exaggerated or manufact-\\nured pro-slavei y outrages, to keep alive their\\nreputation as struggling, self-denying, afflicted\\npatriots.\\nWhile it may be rash to speak with confidence\\non a matter where so much confusion, blur, and\\nconflict of testimony still exist, yet the conclusion\\nseems to be forced that in comparison with the\\nMissourians, whose sins are black enough. Jay-\\nhawkers are superior devils. The same author\\nsays of the Kansas Ked-legs ^^It was a loose-\\njointed association with members shifting betw^een\\n25 and 50, dedicated originally to the vocation of\\nhorse-stealing, but flexible enough to include\\nrascalities of every description.\\nIn 1859 Governor Stewart sent a message to the\\nMissouri Legislature asking for relief for the bor-\\nder counties against the continued incursions of\\nthe Kansas Jayhawkers. The governor wrote to\\nPresident Buchanan that he had ordered a body\\nof militia into Cass and Bates counties, because\\nthey have been subjected to repeated depreda-\\ntions.\\nA legislative committee was appointed and its", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "36 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nreport on the governor s message was singnlarly\\ndispassionate and wise We have evidence of the\\nmost satisfactory character that outrages almost\\nwithout parallel, in America at least, have been\\nperpetrated upon the persons and property of unof-\\nfending citizens of Bates and Vernon counties\\ntheir houses plundered and then burned, their ne-\\ngroes kidnapped in droves, citizens wounded and\\nmurdered in cold blood, etc.\\nThe committee was opposed to the adoption of\\nwarlike measures. It advised that rewards be of-\\nfered for the arrest of leading Jayhawkers and that\\ncircuit judges should hold special terms in the\\ndisturbed district to investigate grievances. The\\ngovernor was authorized to adopt measures that\\nhe might deem necessary. The sum of |30,000 was\\nappropriated to enable the governor to carry out\\nthese purposes. A reward of |3,000 was offered\\nfor the arrest of John Brown. By the exertion of\\nthe State, federal, and territorial- authorities, com-\\nparative peace was established, and ^out of sub-\\nsiding anarchy there arose a crude, rudimental\\norder.\\nIt did not last long, says Lucien Carr in\\nMissouri a Bone of Contention. In November,\\n1860, another outbreak occurred, in which the Uni-\\nted States court for the Third District of Kansas\\nAvas broken up by a band of Jayhawkers under\\nMontgomery, and the United States officers, in-\\ncluding the judge liimself, were compelled to fly\\nfor their lives. A grand juror (Moore) was mur-", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "KANSAS TROUBLES. 37\\ndered, as were al^o Sam Scott and Kussell Hindes,\\nthe latter a Missourian who was hunting a runa-\\nway negro. These proceedings were endorsed by\\nthe so-called conventions of Linn and Bourbon\\ncounties, Kansas, and were backed by the declara-\\ntion of Montgomery, that he intended ^to keep pos-\\nsession of Fort t^cott and other places near the\\nState line to prevent a fire in the rear while he\\ncleaned out southern Missouri of its slaves/ Citi-\\nzens of Missouri on the Osage and Marmaton rivers\\nand in Bates and Vernon counties left their homes\\nand fied to the interior of the State. Gen. D. M.\\nFrost, afterwards of Camp Jackson fame, was or-\\ndered by Gov. Stuart to end the difiticulty. Frost\\nwent with 630 men. Gen. Harney was there;\\nMontgomery quit his fort, disbanded his men and\\nleft the county. Frost reported to the governor\\nthat the deserted and charred remains of once\\nhappy homes, combined with the general terror\\nthat prevailed amongst the citizens who still clung\\nto their possessions, gave but too certain proof of\\nthe persecutions to which they had all been sub-\\njected and which they would again have to endure\\nso soon as armed protection should be Avithdrawn.\\nCol. John S. Bowen, who afterwards rose to a\\nhigh command in the Confederate Army, Avas left\\nin command. At the outbreak of the Civil War\\njayhawking still flourished, though it ended for\\nthat season with Frost and Bowen.\\nThe old jayhawking leaders, however, now\\ncame with United States commissions in their", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "38 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\npockets and at the head of regularly enlisted\\ntroops, in which guise they carried on a system of\\nrobbery and murder that left a good portion of the\\nfrontier, south of the Missouri Kiver, as perfect a\\nwaste as Germany was at the end of the Thirty\\nYears War. (Lucien Carr.)\\nThis outline of the ante-bellum troubles le\\ntween Missouri and Kansas would be inexcusably\\nincomplete without some notice of the Wakarusa\\nWar. In this exciting but bloodless affair many\\nMissourians began their military careers.\\nSamuel J. Jones, of Westport, a courageous\\nman, had been elected sheriff of Douglas County,\\nKansas. At the election which put Jones in office\\nthe Free Soil men refused to vote, not recognizing\\nas legal the legislature under whose laws it was\\nheld. All white men had a right to vote; the\\nright of suffrage was so broad that it included all\\nIndians who conformed to the customs of the white\\nman, which condition seemed to be fulfilled by the\\ndrinking of bad whisky.\\nA claim dispute near Lawrence, between F. N.\\nColeman and Chas. M. Dow, eventuated in the\\nassassination of the latter by the former. Dow\\nwas a Free Soiler and lived with Jacob Bronson.\\nA meeting of Free Soilers was held at the scene\\nof the killing and measures of retaliation were dis-\\ncussed. Bronson threatened \\\\o kill Coleman. In\\norder to protect the latter, a warrant for the arrest\\nof the former was placed in the hands of Sheriff\\nJones, who proceeded with a posse to the home of", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "KANSAS TROUBLES. 39\\nBronson and at night served the writ As they\\ncame away with their prisoner, they were con-\\nfronted by a posse of Free Soilers. Bronson at\\nonce left the ranks of his captors and joined his\\nfriends. The news flew like wildfire all over Kan-\\nsas and Missouri that legal processes could not be\\nexecuted in the Territory on account of Free Soil\\noutlaw^s. Gov. Shannon called out the militia to\\nuphold the laws, and 1500 men from Missouri\\nmarched heavily armed into Kansas to sustain the\\nlaws enacted by the legislature which they had as-\\nsisted in electing. The Free Soilers repaired in\\nheavy force to Lawrence, which place they forti-\\nfied. Law^rence had been in bad repute with Mis-\\nsourians from the beginning. Thither they con-\\ncentrated and besieged the towm, led by such men\\nas Atchison, Doniphan, and Hi Bledsoe. The be-\\nleaguered Free Soilers opened communication with\\nGov. Shannon and induced him to visit Lawrence.\\nThe governor. Major Kobinson, and Jim Lane were\\nsent to confer with the Missourians. By keeping\\nthe frothy, pictorial, and unbalanced Lane quiet,\\nGov. Shannon and Senator Atchison succeeded in\\nexplaining matters to the Missourians and a peace\\nw^as made. The peace was ratified by the approval\\nof everybody in both Missouri and Kansas, except\\nold John Brow^n, who announced himself as in\\nfavor of blood-letting.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "40 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nChapter III.\\nPREMONITIONS OF WAR.\\nAlthough General Sterling Pidce and other\\nUnion Democrats carried the State of Missouri for\\nDouglas in 1860, the Legislature elected that year\\nwas from the Breckinridge or Southern wing of\\nthe party. The new governor, Claiborne F. Jack-\\nson, found the General Assembly which convened\\non the last day of December to be in perfect accord\\nwith himself on all questions of federal relations\\nof the State. The governor, therefore, seems to\\nhave made a mistake in his inaugural me.-^sage,\\nby asking that a State convention be called. The\\nLegislature was competent to pass an ordinance\\nof secession, and was at last desirous of doing so;\\nbut the power had then been lodged by law with\\nthe State Convention, w^hich not only rejected\\nsecession, but deposed the governor and all the\\nother State officers, including members of the\\nLegislature.\\nThe members of the General Assembl}^ were\\nchosen at the August election. The national crisis\\nhad not then developed. The war cloud on the\\nhorizon was not larger than a man s hand and ex-\\ncited no apprehension of immediate danger. The\\nwill of the people on the question of secession, par-\\namount in January, found no expression at the\\nelection held on the first Monday of the preced-", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "PREMONITIONS OF WAR. 41\\ning August A uew election, therefore, was nec-\\nessary.\\nIn recommending a State convention Governor\\nJackson was prompted by the lofty motives of a\\ndisinterested patriotism. Patriotically, the con-\\nvention was righteous; from a party standpoint, it\\nwas, perhaps, an error. The cotton States adopted\\nordinances of secession through State conventions.\\nPerhaps Gov. Jackson expected the Missouri State\\nConvention to do the same.\\nThe election of Abraham Lincoln to the presi-\\ndency was looked upon throughout the South as\\nin the last degree inimical to the institution of\\nslavery. Lincoln s speech at Springfield, 111., in\\nJune, 1858, was distinctly remembered. He said\\nin accepting the nomination to the United States\\nSenate: A house divided against itself cannot\\nstand. I believe this Government cannot endure\\npermanently half slave and half free. I do not ex-\\npect the Union to be dissolved. I do not expect\\nthe house to fall, but I do expect it will cease to\\nbe divided. It will all become one thing or the\\nother. This prophetic utterance was derided as\\nthe idle vaporings of a buffoon. Lincoln was now\\nto be President. He was regarded as the chief of\\nabolitionists, and was detested accordingly.\\nAfter the election of Lincoln, the Southern Con-\\nfederacy was quickly organized. Missouri be-\\nlonged to both the North and the South and her\\npeople were divided in the impending conflict.\\nThe voices of the outgoing and the incoming gov-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "42 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\nernors, carefully noted, give a perfect reflection\\nof public sentiment at that dark and distressinjjj\\nhour.\\nGov. Stewart, whose neglected grave may be\\nseen at St. Joseph, in his final message to the\\nLegislature, said:\\nMissouri occupies a position in regard to\\nthese troubles that should make her voice po-\\ntent in the councils of the nation. With scarce-\\nly a disunionist per }^e to be found in her borders,\\nshe is still determined to demand, and to maintain,\\nher rights at every hazard. She loves the Union\\nwhile it is the protector of equal rights, but will\\ndespise it as the instrument of wrong. She came\\ninto the Union upon a compromise, and is willing\\nto abide by a fair compromise still; not such\\nephemeral contracts as are enacted by Congress\\nto-day, and repealed to-morrow; but a compromise\\nassuring all the just rights of the States, and\\nagreed to in solemn convention of the parties\\ninterested.\\nMissouri has a right to speak on this subject,\\nbecause she has suffered. Bounded on three sides\\nby free territory, her border counties have been the\\nfrequent scenes of kidnapping and violence, and\\nthis State has probably lost as much, in the last\\ntwo years, in abducted slaves, as all the rest of the\\nSouthern States. At this moment several of the\\nwestern counties are desolated, and almost depop-\\nulated, from fear of a bandit horde, who have been", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "PREMONITIONS OF WAR. 43\\ncommitting depredations arson, theft, and foul\\nmurder upon the adjacent border.\\nMissouri has a right, too, to be heard by rea-\\nson of her present position and power, as well as\\nfrom the great calamities which a hasty dissolu-\\ntion of the Union will bring upon her. She has\\nalready a larger voting population than any of the\\nslave States, witli prospective power and wealth\\nfar beyond any of her sister States.\\nAs matters are at present, Missouri will stand\\nby her lot, and hold to the Union as long as it is\\nworth an effort to preserve it. So long as there is\\nhope of success she will seek for justice within the\\nUnion. She cannot be frightened from her pro-\\npriety by the past unfriendly legislation of the\\nNorth, nor be dragooned into secession by the ex-\\ntreme South. If those Avho should be our friends\\nand allies undertake to render our property worth-\\nless by a system of prohibitory laws, or by reopen-\\ning the slave trade in opposition to the moral sense\\nof the civilized world, and at the same time reduce\\nus to a position of humble sentinel to watch over\\nand protect their interests, receiving all the blows\\nand none of the benefits, Missouri will hesitate\\nlong before sanctioning such an arrangement.\\nShe will rather take the high position of armed\\nneutrality. She is able to take care of herself, and\\nwill be neither forced nor flattered, driven nor\\ncoaxed, into a course of action that must end in her\\nown destruction.\\nIf South Carolina and other cotton States per-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "44 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MISSOURI AN8.\\nsist in secession, she will desire to see them go in\\npeace, with the hope that a short experience at\\nseparate government, and an honorable readjust-\\nment of the federal compact, will induce them to\\nreturn to their former position. In the meantime\\nMissouri will hold herself ready, at any mouaent,\\nto defend her soil from pollution and her property\\nfrom plunder by fanatics and marauders, come\\nfrom what quarter they may.\\nGov. Jackson said in his first message:\\n^^The triumph of such an organization [the Re-\\npublican party] is not the victory of a political\\nparty, but the domination of a section.\\nAccordingly, we find the result of the recent\\npresidential election has already produced its nat-\\nural effects. From Florida to Missouri a feeling of\\ndiscontent and alarm has manifested itself, more\\nor less violent, according to the imminence of the\\ndanger and the extent of the interests at stake.\\nThe destiny of the slave-holding States of this\\nUnion is one and the same. The identity,\\nrather than the similarity, of their domestic insti-\\ntutions; their political principles and party usages;\\ntheir common origin, pursuits, tastes, manners, and\\ncustoms; their territorial contiguity and commer-\\ncial relations all contribute to bind them together\\nin one sisterhood. And Missouri will, in my judg-\\nment, best consult her own interests and the inter-\\nests of the whole country by a timely declaration\\nof her determination to stand by her sister slave-\\nholding States, in whose wrongs she participates,", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "PREMONITIONS OF WAR. 45\\nand with whose institutions and people she sym-\\npathizes.\\nThe ultimate fate of all the slave-holding\\nStates is necessarily the same, their determination\\nand action in the present crisis should be the re-\\nsult of a general consultation.\\nI am not without hope that an adjustment\\nalike honorable to both sections may be effected,\\nbut in the present unfavorable aspect of\\npublic aft airs it is our duty to prepare for the\\nworst. The magnitude of the interests\\nnow in jeopardy demands a prompt but deliberate\\nconsideration; and in order that the will of the\\npeople may be ascertained and effectuated, a State\\nconvention should, in my view, be immediately\\ncalled.\\nIn accordance with the governor s recommend-\\nation, George G. Vest introduced a bill, which was\\npromptly enacted into law, providing for a State\\nconvention similar to those which in the cotton\\nStates were jjassing ordinances of secession. The\\nconvention was to be composed of ninety-nine\\nmembers, three from each of the thirty-three sen-\\natorial districts. The election was ordered for\\nFebruary 23d.\\nIt was confidently expected that the people\\nwould elect a thoroughly Southern if not a seces-\\nsionist convention. But the temper of the people\\nwas dispassionate. A deep vein of conservatism\\ndeveloped itself. The people selected for the State\\nConvention their most thouohtful and cautions", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "46 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MIS80URIAN8.\\nmen. The result was emphatic. Every man in the\\nconvention was for the Union.\\nThe convention met at Jefferson Oity on the\\nlast day of February, 1861. It was composed of\\nsuch eminent citizens as Sterling Price, Judge\\nGamble, John B. Henderson, Judge Norton, and\\nAlexander W. Doniphan. The Lexington district\\nwas represented by Samuel L. Sawyer. Independ-\\nence sent Jas. K. Sheley.\\nThe convention was clothed with ampler powers\\nthan belonged to the Legislature itself. The con-\\nvention might have abrogated the constitution of\\nthe State and replaced it with another. Sterling\\nPrice was chosen president, and Judge Gamble was\\nplaced at the head of the Committee on Federal\\nRelations. After a three-days session, the conven-\\ntion adjourned to meet in St. Louis on the 4th of\\nMarch. At tliat meeting, as Lincoln was taking\\nthe oath of office. Judge Gamble reported this res-\\nolution, which was adopted: To involve Missouri\\nin a revolution under the present circumstances is\\ncertainly not demanded by the magnitude of the\\ngrievances of which we complain; nor by the cer-\\ntainty that they cannot be otherwise and more\\npeacefully remedied; nor by the hope that they\\nwould be remedied, or even diminished, by such\\nrevolution.\\nThis resolution was forwarded to the governor\\nand the General Assembly. The convention, hav-\\ning done ajl that it was created to do, now should\\nhave adjourned sine die. Instead of doin^ so, it", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "PREMONITIONS OF WAR. 47\\nadjourned subject to the call of a committee. Evi-\\ndently the Legislature was distrusted by the con-\\nvention. The convention derived its authority,\\nnot from the Legislature, but directly from the peo-\\nl^le, whose will was expressed at a popular elec-\\ntion, the last one held in a dozen years. A large\\nminority of the convention, forty-seven members,\\nbelieved in secession, under circumstances of suffi-\\ncient provocation, A small majority, fifty -two\\nmembers, believed unconditionally in the Union.\\nThis majority afterwards constituted the Gamble\\nConvention and was the source of authority of the\\nGamble Dynasty.\\nThe General Assembly continued in session\\nduring the winter. Many fiery Southern speeches\\nwere delivered by such members as George G. Vest\\nand Thos. A. Harris, afterwards Gen. Harris of the\\nState Guards army, and still later of the Confed-\\nerate Congress. During the session commission-\\ners were received from many of the seceded States.\\nOn such occasions both houses of the Legislature,\\nthe governor, judges of the Suijreme Court, and\\nother officials of the State, assembled in the Hall\\nof Representatives and the visiting commissioners\\nwere received with the ceremony and circumstance\\ndue a plenipotentiary of a foreign Government.\\nThe Union people over the State were greatly ex-\\nercised by these manifestations of sovereignty at\\nthe State Capitol. Such occurrences were held as\\ntreasonable by many historians of the day, few of\\nwhom freed themselves from prejudice far enough", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "48^ BATTLES AND BIOaRAPEIEB OF MI880URIA1^S.\\nto relate that the State Convention, unquestiona-\\nbly Union, was no less treasonable in this respect\\nthan the Legislature itself. The convention gave\\na respectful hearing to Luther J. Glenn, commis-\\nsioner from Georgia. A committee was appointed\\nand made its report to the convention in due and\\nformal order on Glenn s mission and his address.\\nThe convention passed many resolutions during\\nits several weeks session, one of which urged al-\\nmost passionately the Federal Government not to\\ncoerce a seceding State, and the seceding States\\nwere begged to withhold and stay the arm of mil-\\nitai^ power. Federal coercion of a seceding State\\nfound no countenance in the Legislature or in the\\nState Convention. This early meeting of the State\\nConvention was conservative in all its actions,\\nshowing due and proper deference to the governor\\nand the Legislature. In its later meetings it was\\ndenominated the Gamble Convention. Judge\\nGamble was made provisional governor of the State\\nand a full set of State officers were chosen. The\\nprovisional Government of the State of Missouri\\nwas in perfect accord with Lincoln s administra-\\ntion. Its seat of power was in St. Louis.", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "THE GAMP JACKSON AFFAIR. 49\\nChapter IV,\\nTHE CAMP JACKSON AFFAIR.\\nThe Douglas anrl the Hotspur, both together.\\nAre confident against the world in arms.\\nShakespeare.\\nFrank P. Blair was the head and front of the\\nUnion cause In Missouri Nathaniel Lyon was the\\nshivering lance. These two together saved Mis-\\nsouri to the Union. Neither could have accom-\\nplished the result alone. They transcended their\\nfederal authority and usurped powers lodged by\\nlaw with the governor of the State. The exigencies\\nof war soon justified their course.\\nAs early as 1856 Frank P. Blair whispered the\\nmagic word Emancipation. In the campaign of\\n18G0 he organized the Germans of St Louis into\\npolitical clubs devoted to Mr. Bates for the\\npresidential nomination which went to Lincoln.\\nThe Wide-awakes ratified the nomination of Lin-\\ncoln, whom they supported with an enthusiasm\\nattributable mainly to Blair s leadership. In De-\\ncember the Wide aw^akes were formed into stal-\\nwart, loyal Union clubs. Every member was an\\nunconditional Union man and believed with\\nBlair that every traitor should feel the strength\\nof Missouri hemp. These political clubs became,\\nin January, the basis of the United States Re-\\nserve Corp, better known as the Home Guards.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "50 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MtSSOURIANS.\\nThese were secretly drilled in garrets at first, but\\nwere strong and fearless. The secessionists were\\nnot less active. They drilled minute men and\\nother bodies. These antagonist organizations de-\\nveloped the war spirit and St Louis was early the\\nscenes of mob violence.\\nMajor Bell was in command of the United\\nStates arsenal at St. Louis. Gen. D. M. Frost, a\\nWest Pointer, who had served in the State Senate\\nand was author of the military bill of 1858, was at\\nthe head of the State militia in the St. Louis dis-\\ntrict. Major Bell agreed, in an interview with\\nGen. Frost, that the United States arsenal be-\\nlonged of right to the State of Missouri and prom-\\nised that nothing should be removed without time-\\nly notice. Major Bell resigned and was succeeded\\nby Major Hagner, who in turn was succeeded by\\nMajor Harney. Early in January the sub-treas-\\nury in St. Louis held |400,000. Isaac Sturgeon,\\nassistant treasurer, wrote to the President that\\nthis money needed special protection and that a few\\nsoldiers ought to be stationed at the sub-treasury.\\nForty soldiers were foolishly sent. Instantly a\\nresolution was introduced in the Legislature de-\\nmanding of the Government an explanation for the\\npresence of these soldiers on the sacred soil of Mis-\\nsouri. The resolution was dropped when it was\\nlearned that the soldiers had been transferred to\\nthe arsenal. The feeling of anxiety did not sub-\\nside, however. A few extreme Southern men in\\nthe State now urged the governor to seize the ar-", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "THE GAMP JACKSON AFFAIR. 51\\nsenal, but this would have been an act of secession\\nand the governor was not yet a secessionist.\\nOn the 6th of February, Capt. Lyon marched\\ninto the arsenal grounds with a company of regu-\\nlars from Fort Kiley. Blair and Lyon had their\\nheads together at once. No other men in the na-\\ntion so well understood as Lyon and Blair that a\\nrevolution was impending. Neither Blair nor\\nLyon had the slightest faith in pacificatory meas-\\nures. Both were disgusted with the conservative\\nmethods of Major Harney. Both wanted to force\\nthe issue by military organization and occupation.\\nTheir earliest and most persistent effort was to get\\nLyon in charge of the post at St .Louis, and Blair\\nmade trip after trip to Washington City for this\\npurpose. His brother, Montgomery Blair, was a\\nmember of Lincoln s cabinet, and this circum-\\nstance, united with Frank P. Blair s own strength\\nof character, gave read}^ importance to any scheme\\nhe might espouse. After the fall of Fort Sumter,\\nLincoln called for 75,000 volunteers. A requisi-\\ntion was sent to Governor Jackson for four regi-\\nments, Missouii s quota. He sent this reply to the\\nPresident:\\nYour dispatch of 13th inst, making a call up-\\non Missouri for four reo iments of men for imme-\\ndiate service, has been received. There can be, I\\napprehend, no doubt but these men are intended\\nto form a part of the President s army to make war\\nupon the people of the seceded States. Your\\nrequisition, in my judgment, is illegal, unconstitu-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "52 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\ntional, and revolutionary in its objects, inhuman\\nand diabolical, and cannot be complied with. Not\\none man will the State of Missouri furnish to carry\\non such an unholy crusade.\\nThe governor promptly issued a call convening\\nthe Legislature in extra session, and at the same\\ntime each military district was directed to go into\\nencampment for six days to the end that men and\\nofficers might attain a greater degree of efficiency\\nin drill and discipline. The Legislature met on\\nMay 2d and the encampments were to begin on May\\n3d. Gen. Frost, commandant of the First District,\\naccordingly went into camp at St. Louis, the Uni-\\nted States flag floating over headquarters. The\\nsentiment of Frost s men was well understood.\\nThey made no attempt to conceal their sympathy\\nwith the South. One street of the camp was\\nnamed Davis and another Beauregard. It was\\ncharged that the camp was secretly receiving arms\\nand ammunition unlawfully taken from the arse-\\nnal at Baton Tlouge. The earliest plan of the Se-\\ncessionists was to seize United States arsenals and\\nwar material. Secretary of War Floyd, during\\nthe last month s of Buchanan s administration, had\\ndistributed kirge quantities of arms, etc., over the\\nSouth against tlie day of secession. Already had\\nthe arsenal at Liberty, Mo., been seized by citizens\\nof Jackson and other counties. It looked probable\\nto Lyon that General Frost might attack the St.\\nLouis arsenal. He did not wait. He marched out\\nwith a large force to summons Frost to surrender.", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "THE CAMP JACKSON AFFAIR. 53\\nMany Union men protested against the move and\\na committee of loyal citizens waited on Blair to\\nforestall the project. But Blair and Lyon were de-\\ntermined. It is notable that IT. S. Grant, then un-\\nknown, was in St. Louis that day and quite ap-\\nproved the course pursued. Frost had no alter-\\nnative; he surrendered and his State militia be-\\ncame prisoners of war and were paroled. The\\nsupremacy of the United States over the State had\\nbeen asserted. Lyon had received arms during\\nthe winter and in secrecy had transferred them\\nthrough the streets in beer wagons. Had not an\\nofficer in the State service an equal right? It was\\ndoubtful; to solve such doubts the great war was\\nfought. As Lyon marched in with his prisoners,\\na fight occurred between some of his soldiers and\\nthe exasperated, jeering citizens who thronged the\\nway as spectators. The soldiers fired and a num-\\nber of persons were killed, including women and\\nchildren.\\nThe capture of Camp Jackson, as Frost s camp\\nwas called, and the attendant calamities created\\na profound sensation all over the State. At Jeffer-\\nson City the Legislature in extra session was dis-\\ncussing the new military bill. The measure was\\nbeing contested vigorously. When it was knowii\\nthat Lyon had taken Camp Jackson, all opposition\\nvanished into thin air, and within twenty minutes\\nthe military bill was passed and ready for the\\ngovernor s signature. That night it was rumored\\nin Jefferson City that Frank Blair was marching", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "54 BATTLE H AND BIOGBAPHIEa OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nwith a band of Home Guards toward the State\\ncapital. A midnight session of the Legislature\\nwas held. Dictatorial powers were conferred on\\nthe governor, and f 30,000 was appropriated for the\\ngovernor s use in defending the State against mil-\\nitary aggression. It was proposed that the gov-\\nernor should purchase foundries and employ men\\nto cast cannon. Lyon and Blair were in open\\nrebellion against the authorities of the State, an\\noffense quite heinous in the eyes of those who held\\nthat the autonomy of the State was of equal or\\nsuperior dignity to that of the United States.\\nLyon was widely condemned by Union men\\nand bitterly and universally denounced by Seces-\\nsionists. Judge Gamble, afterwards provisional\\ngovernor of the State, and eTas. E. Yeatman were\\nsent as a committee from St. Louis to call on Pres-\\nident Lincoln and Secretary Cameron with pro-\\ntestations against the arbitrary conduct of Lyon,\\nand to have him removed. They represented tbat\\nLyon was rash and inconsiderate and that he\\nhastened to take Camp Jackson before the men\\ndispersed and before the return of Major Harney,\\nand that he had neecllessly involved the general\\nGovernment in a war with the State of Missouri.\\nThe task before Harney upon his return was to\\npacify the State, now excited to the pitch and stress\\nof open hostilities. Lyon was withdrawn some-\\nwhat from view and excuses were offered for his\\nconduct. Major Harney was a loyal man and he\\ndeclared the passage of the new military law to be", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "THE CAMP JA0K80N AFFAIR. 55\\nin itself an act of secession. At the same time he\\nattempted unsuccessfully to disband Lyon s Home\\nGuards. The Leoislature adjourned on May 15th,\\nafter vigorously denouncing Lyon and Blair. Gen.\\nPrice and Gen. John B. Clark hastened to Jefferson\\nCity and offered their services to the governor. In\\nthree days more than a. thousand men arrived at\\nJefferson City to enlist in the service of the State.\\nAmong these were the Independence Grays from\\nJackson County, who brought with them the four\\nbrass 6-pounders taken a month before from the\\nLiberty arsenal. The first regiment was composed\\nof eight companies and were under the command\\nof Col. Marmaduke. There were uprisings all over\\nthe State and the secession flag waved far and\\nwide. On May 21, Gov. Jackson announced the\\nfollowing brigadier generals, one for each con-\\ngressional district Alexander W. Doniphan, M. M.\\nParsons, Jas. S. Rains, John B. Clark, M. L. Clark,\\nNathan W. Watkins, Beverly Randolph, W. T.\\nSlack, and Jas. H. McBride. Gen. Sterling Price\\nwas named major-general. Several of those named\\nabove failed to act and others were named instead.\\nMajor Harney now saw he had a war on his hands,\\nraised by the rashness of Lyon or rather, raised\\nby the deliberate purpose of Lyon and Blair.\\nThey wanted war. Harney was appalled and in-\\nvited Price to come to St. Louis for an interview.\\nThey quickly agreed to terms of peace, and the\\nagreement was signed and published. Harney\\nbound the United States to respect the neutrality", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "56 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nof the state of Missouri and to permit no further\\nincursions of Federal troops into the State. Both\\nPrice and Harney were to preserve order, and\\neach in conjunction with the governor advised the\\npeople to resume their ordinary vocations. The j\\nregiment under Marmaduke was disbanded. A\\nmeasurable degree of peace and quiet returned.", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE 3\u00c2\u00a3ISS0URI STATE GUARDS. 57\\nChapter Y.\\nLYON DECLARES WAR.\\nThe publication of the Price-Harney a.^reement\\nfell like a black cloud upon the hopes of the Un-\\nionists, and it was apparent that only one party\\n(Harney) was observing it, says Peckham, who\\nwrote a history of Lyon while the passion of war\\nwas still rankling in his breast. The truce was not\\nin harmony with the plans laid out by Lyon and\\nBlair. They advised the President to garrison St.\\nJoseph, Hannibal, Macon City, Springfield, aud\\nother points where the Secesh flag had been raised.\\nLyon still commanded the five regiments raised by\\nhim instead of the four authorized. Blair said to\\nthe Washington Government: We are able to\\ntake care of this State without assistance from\\nelsewhere, if authorized to raise a sufficient force\\nwithin the State, and after that work is done we\\ncan take care of the Secessionists from the Arkan-\\nsas line to the Gulf along the west shore of the\\nMississippi River, Lyon was less confident, but\\nequally anxious for military action. Blair had\\nbeen to Washington City again and had secured,\\nalmost extorted, from Lincoln, a letter relieving\\nHarney from the command at St. Louis. This let-\\nter he carried in his pocket; it was to be used only\\nin case of absolute necessity. After Blair re-\\nturned to St. Louis, the President wrote a letter to\\n5", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "58 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MISSOURI AN S.\\nBlair renewing his expressions of doubt as to the\\npropriety of removing Harney. Mr. Lincoln did\\nnot recall the letter; he had great confidence in\\nBlair, but he feared the result of Lyon s succession\\nto full control.\\nThe Price-Harney agreement was enough.\\nBlair delivered the momentous letter. Lyon as-\\nsumed full control. The militar^^ subjugation of\\nthe State was now to be undertaken. Price sent\\ninstructions to his brigadier generals to hasten\\ntheir organizations until the State Convention\\nshould decide on the federal relations of the State.\\nConservative men were justly alarmed and per-\\nsuaded Gov. Jackson and Gen. Price to ask for an\\ninterview with Lyon. A conference was arranged\\nfor June 12th and Price and Jackson went to\\nSt. Louis, under safe conduct of Lyon. Thos. L.\\nSnead, who was present as Price s aid-de-camp,\\ngives the following graphic account of themeeting:\\n^^The governor notified Gen. Lyon the next\\nmorning that he was at the Planters House and\\nwould be pleased to confer with him there. Lyon\\nreplied that he would meet him and Gen. Price at\\nthe arsenal instead. The governor, rightly con-\\nsidering this reply impertinent, informed General\\nLyon that he would confer with him at the Plan-\\nters House and at no other place. Lyon accord-\\ningly came to the Planters House, accompanied\\nby Blair and Major Conant, his aid-de-camp, and\\nthe conference took place there.\\nLyon opened it by saying that the discussion", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "CA3IPAI0N OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 59\\njon the part of his Government would be conducted\\nby Col. Blair, who enjoyed its confidence in the\\nvery highest degree, and was authorized to speak\\nfor it.\\nBlair was, in fact, better fitted than any man\\nin the Union to discuss with Jackson and Price the\\ngrave questions then at issue between the United\\nStates and the State of Missouri, and in all her\\nborder there were no men better fitted than they to\\nspeak for Missouri on that momentous occasion.\\nBut, despite the modesty of his opening, Lyon\\nwas too much in earnest, too zealous, and too w^ell-\\ninformed on the subject, too aggressive, and too\\nfond of disputation to let Blair conduct the discus-\\nsion cm the part of his Government. In half an\\nhour it was he that conducted it, holding his own\\nat every point against Jackson and Price, mas-\\nters though they were of Missouri politics, whose\\ncourse they had been directing and controlling for\\nyears, while he Avas only a captain of an infantiw\\nregiment on the plains. He had, however, been no\\nmere soldier in those days, but had been an earn-\\nest student of the very questions he was now dis-\\ncussing, and he comprehended the matter as well\\nas any man, and handled it in a soldierly way to\\nwhich he had been bred, using the sword to cut\\nknots he could not untie.\\nIt was to no purpose that they all sought, or\\npretended to seek, the basis of a new agreement for\\nmaintaining the peace in Missouri. If they really\\nsought to find one, they did not. Finally, when", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "60 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nthe conference had lasted four or five hours, Lyon\\nclosed as he opened it, ^Rather/ said he. (he was\\nstill seated, and spoke deliberately, slowly, and\\nwith a peculiai emphasis), rather than concede\\nto the State of Missouri the right to demand that\\nmy Government shall not enlist troops within her\\nlimits, or bring troops into the State whenever it\\npleases, or move its own troops at its own will into,\\nout of, or through the State; rather than con-\\ncede to the State of Missouri for one instant the\\nright to dictate to my Government in any matter,\\nhowever unimportant, I would (rising as he said\\nthis, and pointing to every one in the room) see\\nyou, and you, and you, and you, and you, and every\\nman, woman, and child in the State, dead\\nand buried. Then, turning to the governor, he\\nsaid: ^This means war. In an hour one of my\\nofficers will call and conduct you out of my lines.\\nAnd then, without another word, without an incli-\\nnation of the head, without even a loolv, he turned\\nupon his heels and strode out of the room, rattling\\nhis spurs and clanking his sabre, while we, whom\\nhe left, and who had known each other for years,\\nbade farewell to each other, courteously and kind-\\nly, and separated Blair and Conant to fight for\\nthe Union, we for the land of our birth.\\nThe question between Gov. Jackson and Gen.\\nLyon as to the place of holding their meeting was\\nidentical with the question between Governor Han-\\ncock and President Washington. When President\\nWashington amved at Boston, he did not call on\\nthe governor of Massachusetts, holding that the", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 61\\ngovernor should call on the President. The gov-\\nernor declined to do so until the last hour of the\\nPresident s visit. The question was one of more\\nthan mere ceremonial manners. It involved the\\nprinciple of State rights, settled by the war.\\nGovernor Jackson and General Price returned\\nin all haste to Jefferson City. They promptly ac-\\ncepted the issue of war, so formally and emphat-\\nically declared by General Lyon. By daylight on\\nthe following morning the governor s proclama-\\ntion had been prepared and was being rapidly\\nprinted and distributed over the State. It called\\nfor 50,000 State militia for the purpose of repel-\\nling invasion and for the protection of the lives,\\nliberties, and property of the citizens of this State.\\nA series of unprovoked and unparalleled out-\\nrages have been inflicted upon the peace and dig-\\nnity of this Commonwealth and upon the rights\\nand liberties of its people by wicked and unprinci-\\npled men professing to act under the authority of\\nthe United States Government. The enactments\\nof your Legislature have been nullified; your vol-\\nunteer soldiers have been taken prisoners; your\\ncommerce with your sister States has been sus-\\npended; your trade with your own fellow-citizens\\nhas been and is subjected to harassing control of\\nan armed soldiery; peaceful citizens have been\\nimprisoned without warrant of law; unoffending\\nand defenseless men, women, and children have\\nbeen ruthlessly shot down and murdered; and\\nother unbearable indignities have been heaped\\nupon your State and yourselves.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "Q2 BATTLES AND BIOQRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nReferring to the Price-Harney agreement, the\\nproclamation said: We had an interview on the\\n11th inst. We agreed to disband the State Guards\\nand break up its organization; would disarm all\\ncompanies armed by the State; would pledge not\\nto organize under military bill; would suppress in-\\nsurrection; would maintain strict neutrality and\\nwould, if necessary, invoke assistance of United\\nStates troops. All this I proposed to do upon con-\\ndition that the Federal Government would under-\\ntake to disarm the Home Guards, which it has\\nillegally organized and armed throughout the\\nState, and pledge itself not to occupy with its\\ntroops any locality not occupied by them at this\\ntime.\\nIn issuing this my proclamation, I hold it to\\nbe my solemn duty to remind you that Missouri is\\nstill one of the United States; that the executive\\ndoes not arrogate to itself the power to disturb\\nthat relation; that that power has been wisely\\nvested in a convention, which will, at the proper\\ntime, express your sovereign will, and that mean-\\nwhile it is your duty to obey all constitutional re-\\nquirements of the Federal Government. But it is\\nequally my duty to advise you that your first alle-\\ngiance is due your own State, and that you are un-\\nder no obligation whatever to obey the unconstitu-\\ntional edicts of the military despotism which has\\nenthroned itself at Washington, or to submit to the\\ninfamous and degrading sway of its minions in this\\nState.", "height": "3595", "width": "2415", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 63\\nChapter VI.\\nFIRST GREAT MOVEMENTS.\\nDo but stir\\nAn echo with the clamor of thy drum,\\nAnd even at hand a drum is ready brac d\\nThat shall reverberate all as loud as thine.\\nShakespeare.\\nAfter the Lyon-Jackson conference, hope of\\npeace for the State was abandoned by all. Inde-\\nscribable excitement attended the quick and uni-\\nversal preparation for hostile action. General\\nLyon lost not a minute after leaving the Planters-\\nHouse. He ordered General Sigel to hasten with\\nhis forces by rail to Kolla, thence to penetrate the\\nSouthwest and oppose the threatened invasion of\\nGen. McCulloch and to be in a position to intercept\\nthe possible retreat of Governor Jackson in that\\ndirection.\\nLyon himself embarked a large and well ap-\\npointed army on board two steamboats, the latan\\nand J. C. Swon, and pushed off m^^steriously for\\nJeft erson City. At the mouth of the Osage River\\na special correspondent on board sent this despatch\\nto the St. Louis, Missouri, Democrat: We expect\\nto reach Jefferson City without any resistance\\nwhatever and restore the flag of our Union to its\\nplace over the Capitol of the State and to shoot the\\nfirst and every man who dares to attempt to haul\\nit down. From the reports of scouts and messen-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "64 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\ngers from above, we gather that State forces will\\nendeavor to make a stand at or near Boonville, and\\nif this is a correct inference, they are doomed to\\ncertain destruction. Our forces are now so com-\\npletely distributed that no loophole of escape is\\nleft to the fugitive executive. With the hardy\\nKansas volunteers accustomed to skirmishing\\nwith border ruffians on the one side of them and\\nour enthusiastic volunteers on the other, the\\nSecessionists will hardly be able to resist.\\nGen. Price had ordered the brigadier generals\\nfrom the several Congressional districts to con-\\ncentrate at Boonville with such volunteer forces\\nas they had respectively been able to bring to-\\ngether. Gen. Price was seized with a violent ill-\\nness, and was for a time unable to take the field.\\nAbout eight hundred barefoot Rebel militia,\\nnucleus of the State Guards army, congregated at\\nBoonville. These were without arms, or armed\\nwith Derringer pocket pistols, family fowling-\\npieces, squirrel rifles, old flint-locks, long knives\\nmade of files which had been beaten into shape by\\nblacksmiths, etc. They were without organiza-\\ntion or military instructions and had no cannon.\\nCol. Marmaduke,a West Pointer, was in command.\\nGen. Lyon left a garrison at Jefferson City and\\npuslied up the river, stopping and tying up the\\nboats at night. On June 20th he anchored a few\\nmiles below Boonville. His army was disem-\\nbarked and set in motion for Marmaduke s camp.\\nCol. Marmaduke insisted on the futility of making", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 65\\na stand, but Gov. Jackson, commander-in-chief, by\\nvirtue of his office, ordered instant preparation for\\nbattle. Lyon deployed cautiously, and when fired\\nupon fell back and brought up his cannon; then he\\nadvanced resolutely, and the Missourians retreated\\nto Camp Vest on the Bacon farm. Beyond Camp\\nVest the retreat became a rout. The Missourians\\nfought doggedly and stood their ground longer than\\ngood generalship would have permitted, but they\\nwere not properly officered and didn t know how\\nto come off the field. They had failed to make\\ngood the common boast that one Missourian could\\nwhip three Yankees. Gen. Lyon had also failed\\nof his purpose, namely: to arrest the insurgents.\\nEach side had surprised the other by exhibiting\\nunexpected fighting qualities, and yet the affair\\nwas trivial. Two or three were killed on each\\nside. Insignificant as this battle was in itself, its\\neffects were tremendous. All the rich and popu-\\nlous region north of the river was now open to Fed-\\neral dominion, and the State Guards, of whom so\\nmuch had been expected, were in full retreat for\\nthe South. The Missouri River flowed unvexed\\nfrom the Kaw to the Father of Waters. Garri-\\nsons were posted at Lexington, Boonville, and Jef-\\nferson City. Col. Stevenson was charged with\\nkeeping the water-way open, and was to prevent\\nany reinforcements from crossing to join Price.\\nIf the Camp Jackson affair produced furor over\\nthe State, the Boonville affair created frenzy.\\nGen. Lyon, always advised by that able and", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "QQ BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIANS.\\nfearless statesman, Frank P. Blair, wisely issued a\\nproclamation extending amnesty to those in arms\\nagainst his Government, who would return to their\\nhomes. Many accepted his terms. He paroled at\\nBoonville a number of prisoners, young men un-\\nder military age, presenting each with a New Tes-\\ntament. Lyon has been called an atheist\\nIt was ten days before Lyon could purchase\\nand impress horses necessary for the pursuit of\\nJackson. Meantime Lyon returned to St. Louis,\\nwhile Gov. Jackson made forced marches toward\\nthe Osage Kiver. Generals Parsons and Clark\\nwith their commands joined him en route. Gen.\\nPrice ordered Kains and Slack to leave Lexington\\nwith their forces. They formed a junction with\\nJackson, beyond the Osage, where the united\\nsquads were organized into companies, battalions,\\nregiments, brigades, and divisions.\\nThis was on the 4th of July. The next day\\nthey marched to the neighborhood of Carthage,\\nwhere they unexpectedly encountered Sigel. At\\nthe same time it was learned that Lyon was in pur-\\nsuit. Jackson s men were eager to fight. They\\nhad a few pieces of artillery taken in the spring\\nfrom the Liberty arsenal. Hi Bledsoe was there\\nalso with ^^Old Sacramento, a magnificent field-\\npiece which he had assisted in taking from the\\nMexicans in the Doniphan expedition to Taos.\\n^^Old Sacramento was drawn by a yoke of steers.\\nIts missiles in this battle were made up of trace-\\nchains, old scrap-iron, and smooth pebbles.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 67\\nSigel was an accomplished soldier, and a strict\\ndisciplinarian. He brought his troops into this\\naction to the sound of music and in perfect step.\\nThe awkward State Guards looked with astonish-\\nment upon the precise movements and soldierly\\nbearing of their foes. Sigel opened the battle with\\nhis batteries, throwing grape, canister, shell, and\\nround shot\\nHi Bledsoe gee-hawed his steers and replied\\nyigorously with ^^Old Sacramento. Brigadier Gen-\\nerals Clark, Parsons, and Slack commanded the\\ninfantry. The cavalry deployed to the right and\\nleft, for the purpose of charging the Federals, but\\nthere was a stampede among the horses. The in-\\nfantry charged unsupported at double-quick and\\nwith a shout drove Sigel s fine soldiers into Dry\\nFork. It was a great day. But Sigel could have\\nbeen captured. He was forced to institute a retro-\\ngrade movement, which is the polite military term\\nfor retreat. His retreat was precipitate and disor-\\nderly. A running fight was kept up from Dry\\nFork to Carthage. Sigel made his escape. On\\nentering the battle he remarked that the Kebels\\nwere coming into line, like a worm fence. His de-\\nrision was turned into words of admiration. He\\nexclaimed: Great God! Was the like ever seen?\\nKaw recruits, unacquainted with war, standing\\ntheir ground like veterans, hurling defiance at\\nevery discharge of the batteries against them, and\\ncheering their own batteries whenever discharged.\\nSuch material properly worked up would make", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "68 BATTLES AND BIOaRAtHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\nthe best troops in the world. Sigel was right;\\nthese Missourians were properly worked up and\\nspeedily became the best troops in the world.\\nWhen General Price left Lexington, after the\\nBoonville affair, he pushed with all possible speed,\\nwith a small escort into Arkansas to entreat Gen.\\nMcCulloch to march into Missouri. His success\\nhad been gratifying, and on the day following the\\nbattle of Carthage, Gen. Price, accompanied by\\nGen. McOullock, arrived in Jackson s Camp. The\\nMissourians were in ecstasy at seeing their great\\ncaptain and in rejoicing over the victory of the day\\nbefore. They believed a great victory had been\\nwon; that they had certainly established the South-\\nern Confederacy. They were delighted with Mc-\\nCulloch s soldiers uniformed in gray, and executing\\nmilitary movements with such ease. Gen. Price\\nnow assumed command and marched to Cowskin\\nPrairie, where there was grass for the horses and\\nlean beef for the men. Now followed a month of\\nassiduous work, organizing, drilling, and pre-\\nparing ammunition. Arms were scarce and effi-\\ncient drill masters were not plentiful.\\nGeneral Pearce, of the Arkansas State troops,\\nloaned Gen. Price 615 muskets. Gov. Jackson, in\\nhis march through the State, had acquired two\\nsupplies of guns. John Q. Burbridge brought 150\\nmuskets that he had wheedled out of the Home\\nGuards of Pike County. Another supply was\\nsecured at Cole Camp. At the latter place, a Col.\\nCook, an obnoxious Union man, a brother to the", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 69\\nnotorious B. F. Cook, who was hanged with John\\nBrown in Virginia, had organized a force of Home\\nGuards, which lay in wait across Jaclison s path.\\nThe citizens of the neighborhood organized under\\nCapt. Keyes and inarched to Jackson s relief. They\\nfound Coolv s men calmly sleeping in tw^o large\\nbarns. The men were dispersed or killed; over 200\\nwere killed, and 302 new muskets were taken.\\nTwo men, Henry Guibor and William P. Bar-\\nlow, were arrested as spies in Barton County and\\nbrought before Governor Jackson for examination.\\nThey proved to be paroled men from Camp Jack-\\nson, and were skillful cannoneers. They found\\nexcellent employment at Cow^skin Prairie, disre-\\ngarding their paroles.\\nThomas L. Snead, of General Price s staff, in\\nhis Fight for Missouri, gives a graphic account\\nof the difficulties overcome at Cow^skin Prairie.\\nLead was transported to the camp from the Gran-\\nby mines, in Newton County. All the powder\\n(sixty tons) which Gov. Jackson had forcibly pur-\\nchased in St. Louis was here in the possession of\\nthe respective brigadier generals. Snead says\\nMajor Thomas L. Price, nephew of Gen. Price,\\nknew how to convert trees into monster moulds\\nfor making buck-shot and bullets. He went\\nzealously to work with a corps of assistants, and\\nin a few days his ordnance shops were turning\\nout heaps of bullets and buck-and-ball cartridges,\\nenough for the immediate wants of the State\\nGuards. No educated soldier, no officer of the ord-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "70 BATTLE i^ AND BIOOBArUIES OF MI880URIANS.\\nnance department, could have done what Major\\nPrice did. They were not educated for such emer-\\ngencies, nor could they have found precedents for\\nanything he did.\\nHow the artillery was supplied with ammu-\\nnition has been told by Lieut. Barlow, of Guibor s\\nBattery. One of SigePs captured wagons fur-\\nnished us with a few loose round shot; with these\\nfor a beginning, Guibor established an arsenal of\\nconstruction. A turning lathe in Carthage sup-\\nplied sabots; the owner of a tin shop, strains and\\ncanister; iron rods, which a blacksmith gave and\\ncut into small pieces, made good slugs for the\\ncanister; and a bolt of flannel, with needles and\\nthread, freely donated by a dry goods man, pro-\\nvided us with material for our cartridge-bags. A\\nbayonet made a good candlestick; at night the\\nmen went to work making cartridges, strapping\\nehot to sabots, and filling the bags from a barrel of\\npowder placed some distance from the candle. My\\nfirst cartridge resembled a turnip, rather than the\\nprim cylinders from the Federal arsenals, and\\nwould not take a gun on any terms. But we soon\\nlearned the trick, and, at the close range at which\\nour next battle was fought, our home-made ammu-\\nnition was as effective as the best\\nIn one month Price s army was evolved. It\\nsuddenly faced to the north and met and overcame\\nthe Federal forces under Lyon in the first great bat-\\ntle of the Civil War. Price s men called it the bat-\\ntle of Oak Hill; the Federals named it the battle of\\nWilson Creek,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 71\\nChapter YII,\\nPRICE S ARMY.\\nO war, thou son of hell.\\nWhom angry heavens do make their minister,\\nThrow in the frozen bosom of our parts\\nHot coals of vengeance.\\nShakespeare.\\nMissouri was a sovereign State. She liad her\\nown army and her own flag. She owned no alle-\\ngiance to the Southern Confederacy and she held\\nher allegiance to the United States as scarcely\\nbinding. General Price was himself a Union man,\\nbut he was ready to fight Union men who tres-\\npassed with arms upon Missouri soil. He mar-\\nshaled an army and fought battles and won vic-\\ntories which spread his fame and the fame of his\\nmen as far as the renown of arms ever reaches.\\nThe army of Missouri State Guards came into\\nbeing to repel invasion and to protect the lives and\\nthe property of citizens of the State. The task\\nwas too great for human accomplishment. There\\nwere invasions from three sides, Kansas, Iowa,\\nand Illinois; there were rivers and railroads and\\ntelegraph lines in possession of the Federals; there\\nwere uprisings of Home Guards within the State;\\nthere was the strong and settled purpose of subju-\\ngation with the authorities at Washington City.\\nUndaunted by the adverse surroundings, the army\\nof the Missouri State Guards prosecuted a bril-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "72 BATTLES AND BIOORAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nliant and successful campaign during the summer\\nof 1861, winning battles wherever it fought, for-\\naging and recruiting at will and taxing the Feder-\\nals with heavy operations. At winter it made its\\nlair at Springfield, Mo. Price s army crossed the\\nState three times; won victories at Carthage, Wil-\\nson Creek, Dry Wood, and Lexington. When the\\nMissouri State Guards finally evacuated the State,\\nthey retreated into the romantic mountain regions\\nof Arkansas, and the next year were absorbed into\\nthe field forces of the Southern Confederacy.\\nBevier, in his Confederate First and Second\\nMissouri Brigades, says in laudation of the Mis-\\nsouri State Guards: It was a chapter of won-\\nders. Price s army of ragged heroes had marched\\nover eight hundred miles; it had scarcely passed\\na week without an engagement of some kind; it\\nwas tied down to no particular line of operations,\\nbut fought the enemy wherever he could be found,\\nand it had provided itself with ordnance and equi])-\\nments almost entirely from the prodigal stores of\\nthe Federals.\\nThe hero of Missouri started on his campaign\\nwithout a dollar, without a wagon or a team, with-\\nout a cartridge, without a bayonet gun. When he\\ncommenced his retreat he had about 8,000 bayonet\\nguns, fifty pieces of cannon, four hundred tents,\\nand many other articles needful to an army, for\\nwhich his men were almost exclusively indebted to\\ntheir own strong arms in battle.\\nThis campaign was little less than a puzzle to", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 73\\nmilitary critics. Price managed to subsist an\\narmy without governmental resources. He sel-\\ndom complained of want of transportation. His\\nmen were never demoralized by hunger. They\\nwould go into the corn-field, shuck the corn, shell\\nit, take it to the mill, and bring it into camp ground\\ninto meal; or, if they had no flour, they took the\\nw^heat from the stack, threshed it themselves, and\\nasked the aid of the nearest miller to reduce it to\\nflour. Price proved that an army could go where\\nthey pleased in an agricultural country. His men\\nwere always cheerful. They frequently, on the\\neve of an engagement, danced around their camp-\\nfires wuth bare feet and in ragged costumes, of\\nwhich it was declared Billy Barlow s dress at a\\ncircus would be decent in comparison. Price him-\\nself wore frequently on his shoulders but a brown\\nlinen duster, and this and his white hair streaming\\non the battle-field made him a singular figure. It\\noften flapped, this duster did, in the front of the\\nbattle, even as the white plume of Henry of\\nNavarre waved where the carnage w^as greatest on\\nthe field of Ivry.\\nThe army of the Missouri State Guards never\\nmarched under the Stars and Bars, the flag of the\\nSouthern Confederacy. They marched and fought\\nunder the flag of Missouri. This ensign w^as made\\nof blue merino with the arms of the State embla-\\nzoned in gold-gilt on each side.\\nAt Oowskin Prairie Gov. Jackson relinquished\\nall authority over the army and Gen. Price became", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "74 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nits sole commander. After the battle of PeaKidge,\\nPrice marched over with 8,000 men to engageGrant\\nat Corinth. These all fell in battle before the war\\nwas over, save a handful. After controllingthe de?;-\\ntinies of the cis-Mississippi Missourians for a time,\\nPrice was assigned to the command of the Trans-\\nMississif pi Department, and, bidding farewell to\\nthose he led away from the State, he returned to\\nthis side of the river, and, invading Missouri, suf-\\nfered defeat at Westport. The men commanded\\nby Price were as brave as the bravest that ever fol-\\nlowed a general. They belonged to the first fami-\\nlies of the State. Neither Grant nor Lee com-\\nmanded any better soldiers than these Missourians\\ncommanded by Price on either side of the river.\\nThey are to live in history as long as history lives.\\nThe coming ages will do them fuller justice than\\nthe past has done. Edwards says beautifully:\\nWe ask sympathy and honor, and love and glory\\nfor those who struck with Price and Bowen, and\\nParsons and Green, and Marmaduke and Shelby,\\nand Cockrell and Gates, and in after times, per-\\nhapB, when Missouri is asked for her jewels, she\\nwill point to these as her priceless ones.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGX OF THE MISSOURI STATE GVARDS. 75\\nChapter VIII.\\nBATTLE OP WILSON CREEK.\\nHis death (whose spirit lent a fire\\nEven to the dullest peasant in his camp)\\nBeing bruited once, took fire and heat away\\nFrom the best-tempered courage in his troops.\\nShakespeare.\\nAn army had now come forth, created by the\\nmarvelous energy and genius of General Price.\\nThis army sprang into being as Minerva sprang\\nfrom the head of Jove, full armed and full grown.\\nIt was a grim instrument of destruction wielded\\nby a master hand. Price Avas one of earth s great\\nmen; he was great in himself, but great also as the\\nexponent of the military instincts of his men.\\nThese citizen-soldiers drilled themselves into an\\narmy in one month and fought themselves into vet-\\nerans in one battle. Price s army was unique in\\nits origin, its purpose and its achievements. It\\nhad no countrj^ unless it could retake its own.\\nPrice had no capital to defend, no government to\\nobey, no superior to give him orders, no authority\\nover him to receive his reports, and no department\\nto send him supplies. His army was independent\\nand self-supporting; it fought without aid and con-\\ntested succesvsfully the sovereignty of the greatest\\ngovernment in the world on behalf of the sover-\\neignty of the State.\\nWhen this splendid army turned to devour", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "76 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF AIISSOURIANS.\\nLyon, it was animated by the news from Bull Run.\\nThe South believed itself unconquerable; the\\nNorth believed it; England believed it; the world\\nbelieved it. The battle of Bull Bun seemed to con-\\nfirm the universal belief in the invincibility of the\\nSouth.\\nThe battle ot Wilson Creek was the initial move\\nin a great plan for regaining the State. Gen. Pil-\\nlow, one of the heroes of the Mexican War, was to\\ncome over from Tennessee and join forces w^ith\\nJeff Thompson, the Swamp Angel of southeast-\\nern Missouri. Gen. Hardee, whose Army Tactics\\nwas the standard work of the day, but which Grant\\navers he did not read, was to come up from noi*th-\\nern Arkansas. Price and McCulloch were to de-\\nstroy Lyon, and then all these forces were to con-\\ncentrate on St Louis, the fall of which was deemed\\ninevitable; thence this, the Army of Liberation,\\nwould sweep the State and capture all the Federal\\ntroops or expel them from Missouri s sacred soil.\\nOf all the actors who were to play a part in this\\nmighty programme. Price alone carried out in\\nsome degree the role assigned him.\\nGen. Lj^on was at Springfield with 7,000 or\\n8,000 troops. Snead thus describes the coming of\\nLyon:\\nThe chroniclers of the city still delight to tell\\nof the brave appearance that he made that day, as\\nhe dashed through the streets on his iron-gray\\nhorse, under escort of a bodv-guard of ten stalwart\\ntroopers enlisted from among the German butch-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 77\\ners of St. Louis for that especial duty, and how the\\nfearless horsemanship and defiant bearing of these\\nbearded warriors, mounted on powerful chargers\\nand armed to the teeth AAath great revolvers and\\nnuissive swords, their heroic size and ferocious as-\\npect gave lustre to the entry into the chief city of\\nthe Southwest of the grim soldier who had cap-\\ntured the State troops at St. Louis, had driven the\\ngovernor from his capital, had dispersed the army\\nthat was gathering at Boon vi lie, and had forced\\nJackson and Price and all their men to fly for\\nsafety into the uttermost part of the State.\\nFor some weeks Price and Lyon glared at each\\nother. Each was eager to fight; each wanted rein-\\nforcements; each was fearful that the other was re-\\nceiving reinforcements. It was a fearful time for\\neach. But reinforcements came to neither.\\nLyon sent messenger after messenger to Fre-\\nmont in St. Louis, crying always, Soldiers, sol-\\ndiers, soldiers! Fremont has been much criti-\\ncised for not relieving Lyon. But Fremont may\\nnot have been altogether blameworthy. His every\\nsoldier was needed elsewhere. Even a better man\\nthan the old pathfinder might have failed. A\\nmessenger said to Fremont: If you don t send\\nreinforcements, Lyon will fight without them.\\nFremont replied: If Lyon fights, he must do it\\non his own responsibility. And then the first Ee-\\npublican candidate for the presidency went on with\\nhis Oriental splendor and left Lyon to his fate.\\nLyon could wait no longer, believing as he did, that", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "78 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nlarge rebel forces were pouring in from the South\\nand massing in his front. The term of enlistment\\nof 3,000 of his soldiers, nearly half his army, was\\nabout to expire. Lyon could delay no longer. A\\nregiment came down from Fort Leavenworth and\\na regiment from Boonville. No other reinforce-\\nments came.\\nOn the other hand, Gen. Price was urging Mc-\\nOulloch to join him against Lyon. McCulloch had\\nreturned to Arkansas. He had been assigned to\\nthe department of the Indian Territory.\\nSnead writes bitterly, saying: Missouri, with\\nher 100,000 men and resources greater than those\\nof all the cotton States together, was worth noth-\\ning to the Confederacy in com]iarison with two\\nor three regiments of semi-civilized Indians who\\nouglit never to have been allowed to cross the\\nborders of their own territory.\\nThe Richmond Government said to McCulloch:\\nThe position of Missouri as a Southern State\\nstill in the Union requires, as you will readily per-\\nceive, much prudence and circumspection, and it\\nghould only be when necessity and propriety unite\\nthat active and direct assistance should be af-\\nforded by crossing the boundary and entering the\\nState.\\nPrice entreated McCulloch to come with him,\\nand finally said: I am an older man than\\nyou, General McCullough, and I am not only\\nyour senior in rank now, but I was a briga-\\ndier general in the Mexican War, with an inde-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 79\\npendent command, when yon were only a cap-\\ntain; I have fought and won more battles than\\nyou have ever witnessed; my force is twice as\\ngreat as yours, and some of my officers rank and\\nhave seen more service than you, and Ave are also\\nupon the soil of our own State; but, Gen. McCul-\\nloch, if you will consent to help w^hip Lyon and to\\nrepossess Missouri, I will put myself and all my\\nforces under your command, and we will obey you\\nas faithfully as the humblest of your men.\\nAll the honor will be yours. You must\\neither fight beside us, or look on at a safe distance,\\nand see us fight all alone the army which you dare\\nnot attack even Avith our aid. I must have your\\nansAver before dark, for I intend to attack Lyon to-\\nmorrow.\\nMcCulloch hesitated. He said the Missourians\\nwere not an army, but a mob, and would run at the\\nfirst fire; then his regulars would sustain the brunt\\nof the battle. It transpired the next day that Mc-\\nCulloch was Avell-nigh routed at first by Sigel, while\\nthe Missourians Avon a great victory over Lyon.\\nMcCulloch finally consented to accompany Price\\nagainst Lyon. They marched to Wilson Creek and\\ncamped at sundown, ten miles from Springfield.\\nThe plan was to attack and surprise Lyon s en-\\ntrenchments that night, but a cloud came up in the\\nAvest portending rain. There was not a cartridge-\\nbox in the army. To keep the powder dry they re-\\nmained in the camp. After supper\u00e2\u0080\u0094 of roasting-\\nears, brought from the near-by fields, the usual", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "80 BATTLE t^ AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nfare the men got up dances before the camp-fires;\\nmany of them were without arms, but these entered\\nthe battle the next day against orders, to be ready\\nto take the arms of fallen comrades. The next\\nmorning at daylight a bomb-shell leaped into Price s\\ncamp-fire, upsetting his coffee-pot. It was a greet-\\ning from L^^on. The Federals had marched from\\nSpringfield in the night and had surprised the Mis-\\nsouriaus at breakfast. In a moment there was\\nmounting in hot haste. Thousands of Price s\\nmen were stampeded and scattered in the woods\\nand did not arrive on the battle-field during the\\nengagement. But enough were found of steady\\nnerve to meet Lyon and hold him back. In the\\nmidst of the confusion and excitement attendant\\non the surprise in front, a messenger came to Price\\nwith the news that a similar attack was being\\nmade in the rear. No pickets had been put out\\nthe night before at either front or rear. Lyon,\\ntherefore, had every advantage at the beginning\\nof the battle, and he might have won the day had\\nSigel, who planned the battle, been as great ih\\naction as in council. But Lyon hardly hoped for\\nvictory. He was fighting to cover his own retreat.\\nHe greatly overestimated the strength of Price and\\nMcOuUoch. He placed their combined forces at\\n30,000. Had Price s army numbered that many,\\nLyon s entire command might have been annihi-\\nlated on the field of battle, that 10th of August,\\n186L Snead says the Union forces numbered\\n5,400 men of these 1,200 w^ere with Sigel and were", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "CA3IPAIGN OF THE iMISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 81\\nnever in the battle. Lyon entered the battle,\\ntherefore, with only 4,200 men. The Southern\\nforces the night before were 10,175 troops of all\\ndescriptions. These were utterl}^ surprised by\\nLyon s early morning attack and 4,730 Avere stam-\\npeded and lost in the woods. The Southern forces\\nwere therefore, reduced to 5,439, and some of these\\nwere in the rear for the purpose of repulsing Sigel.\\nLyon did not know what chances of victory he pos-\\nsessed. He could not forget the slaughter of his\\nmen at Cole Camp and the defeat of Sigel at Car-\\nthage. He had himself experienced a bitter skir-\\nmish a few da^ s before at Dug Springs with the\\nsame Southern forces. He was well apprised of\\nthe indomitable courage of Price s men, and he\\nknew that he lay between them and their homes,\\nor the sites of their homes marked by blackened\\nchimneys, pointing like accusing fingers to heaven.\\nLyon was despondent. He had a premonition of\\nhis fate. The night before, after marching near\\nenough to the unguarded Missourians, he and\\nSchofield lay down to sleep between two friendly\\nrocks. But Lyon could not sleep. Presently he re-\\nmarked prophetically: Schofield, I believe in pre-\\nsentiments, I have a presentiment that I shall not\\nsurvive this battle. When he went to the attack\\nnext morning, his onl}^ hope was to cripple Price\\nand afterAvards to retreat leisurely and securely\\nback to Eolla, the nearest railroad point. This he\\nmight have done without a battle, but a decisive,\\nearnest, courageous nian^ such as Lyon, animated", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "82 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nby his sublime fanaticism, could not retreat from\\nsuch a field without striking* a blow. With true\\nmilitary instinct, Price had raised his merino flag\\nwhere the brunt of the fighting fell. Lyon and\\nPrice were directly in front of each other. It\\nw^as an opportunity that both desired. The high\\nresolve of the two commanders Avas reflected in\\nthe hosts of the two lines which came eagerly to\\nthe bloody work. Here for the first time the Kan-\\nsans and the Missourians met in a great battle.\\nThey had been in temper for such a combat for\\nyears. On ])art of the field the fight j)roceeded\\nas a border skirmish. The tAVo lines would ap-\\nproach each other silently, and when separated by\\nsixty paces they delivered simultaneously a with-\\nering, deadly fire. Then they silently retired as\\nthough the work were done; they reloaded their\\nweapons and came again. This was the privates\\nbattle and it was akin to murder. As the smoke\\nthickened in the hot air over this strange battle\\nin the woods, the opposing lines ceased to move\\nback to reload and only moved back when forced\\nto do so by a resistless charge. The carnage be-\\ncame frightful. The slopes of Bloody Hill were\\nstrewn with ghastly corpses. Never before had\\nsuch slaughter been witnessed on this continent;\\nscarcely yet has it a parallel, save at Gettysburg,\\nor Chickamauga, or Franklin. Lyon fought like a\\ndemon; Price was superb. Bloody Hill was becom-\\ning immortal. Price charged time and again up\\nthe slope, only to be repulsed by the Federals lying", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 83\\non the crest. The Federals even more often broke\\nover the crest of the hill and flowed down like an\\ninundation of fire and Avere thrown back.\\nOne of the Federal officers, writing of the\\nbeginning of the battle, says: For a few mo-\\nments I thonght we had won the fight almost\\nbefore w^e had begun it, but just then I saw the\\nrebel camp fairly vomiting forth regiment after\\nregiment, until it seemed as if there was no end\\nof men coming against us. They were coming on\\nthe left and right and in front .of us in some\\nplaces in three lines all on the double-quick,\\nand then I changed my mind.\\nLyon wondered what had become of Sigel.\\nThen came a shell leaping through space on an\\nerrand of death, Avith an angry dominating roar\\nwhich sank into a Avail and a sob almost human as\\nit died aAAay beyond the ranks. The sound was\\nhorror made manifest, and it told a mournful\\nstory. The voice of that projectile was dilferent\\nfrom the uoav familiar voice of Price s round\\nshot, which came Avith a petulant Avail, a mingling\\nof shriek and squeal. A hundred Federals ex-\\nclaimed: My (rod! they are firing Sigel s ammu-\\nnition at us. Ly(m Avas desperate, but undis-\\nmayed. He was constantly at the front, leading,\\ncheering, and directing his men. His horse had\\nbeen killed and he had been twice wounded,\\nonce in the head. He was begrimed and bloody.\\nWhen King David Avould have gone into the battle\\nhis folloAvers Avould not permit it, because he was", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "84 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nworth ten thousand of them. But Lyon was not\\nso restrained. He was reckless of danger. Stur-\\ngis gave hira another horse and he rode again to\\nthe front, swinging liis hat and calling to his men\\nto follow. Here, in the furor of the final charge,\\nhe received his third and fatal wound. He fell\\nfrom his horse and expired with a rifle ball in his\\nbreast, Avhile the heavy fight went on around him.\\nThis final charge, like the others, was borne back\\nin heavy disaster. When Sturgis learned that\\nL^^on had been lost in the charge, he assumed the\\ncommand and ordered the disconsolate troops from\\nthe field.\\nEarly in the morning Sigel cautiousdy ap-\\nproached Price s and McCulloch s cam]) in the rear.\\nThe surprise was here as complete as the surprise\\nin front. Five weeks before Sigel had been routed\\nat Carthage by Jackson s unorganized squads. But\\nnow they had Price betAveen two fires and they\\nwould crush hiin. One of the German troopers\\nasked: Where is de man mit de ox cannon? In\\na moment Old Sacramento replied. Her never-\\nto-be forgotten intonation inspired terror. Mine\\nGott in Himmel! exclaimed the German, and\\nthe retreat here was more disastrous than the re-\\ntreat from Carthage. When the day was done on\\nBloody Hill, Sturgis marched back to Springfield.\\nThere behind the works he found SigePs men but\\nnot all of them. His cannon and a large part of his\\nforce had been left with McCulloch in the rear of\\nPrice. It is related on good authority that Sigel", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "CAMPAWN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 85\\nplundered McCiilloch s camp himself and then\\nwaited for Ljon to drive Price to him. And while\\nhe waited the unexpected happened. McGulloch,\\nwho fled at first, came back, and Sigel s army was\\ndestroyed.\\nSnead, who was Price s aid, and who wrote an\\nun warped, impartial book, lie Fight for Mis-\\nsouri, concluding the same with an account of\\nthis battle, says:\\nSturgis retreated to Holla, 125 miles, with an\\nenormous army train of over 400 heavily laden\\nwagons, among whose spoils were |210,000 that\\nhad been taken from the State Bank at Spring-\\nfield. The troops moved at day, inextricably\\nmixed up with the multitude of fugitives with their\\nwives and children; their horses and cattle, their\\nwagons and carts and household goods were flying\\nbefore Ben McCuUoch, whose very name was then\\na terror to the Union men of Missouri, that they\\nmore nearly resembled a crowd of refugees than\\nan army of organized troops. In this condition\\nthey scampered along to Kolla, and arrived there\\nAugust 17th, seven days after the battle.\\n^^All this time, during all this disorderly retreat\\nof a defeated army over difficult roads and through\\na not friendly population, more than twice its num-\\nbers of well mounted and w illing Southern soldiers\\nlay absolutely idle at Springfield. They might eas-\\nily have captured the entire force and its richly\\nloaded train, worth more than |1,500,000, and with\\nthe captured store, could have armed and supplied", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "86 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\n10,000 Confederates. But McGullocli sulked in\\nhis tent and his army melted away. Nothing ex-\\ncuses that brave soldier s conduct on this occasion,\\nexcept the fact that the Confederate Government\\nwas then opposed to an aggressive war or the in-\\nvasion of an} State which had not seceded and\\njoined the Southern Confederacy.\\nThe losses at Wilson Creek were heavy. The\\nloss on each side Avas 25 per cent a bloody record.\\nThe battle was mainly fought at Bloody Hill, be-\\ntween 3,550 Union men, who lost 892, and 4,239\\nSouthern men, who lost 988.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI ^TATE GUA.RD8. 87\\nChapter IX.\\nFROM SPRINGFIELD TO LEXINGTON.\\nGeneral Price, he marched to Lexington,\\nAnd there he thrashed out Mulligan.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Om Rchcl Song.\\nTramp, tramp, tramp, the boys are marching;\\nCheer up, comrades, they will come,\\nAnd beneath our starry flag\\nWe will breath the air again\\nOf freedom in our own beloved home.\\nOld Ffxloral Song.\\nThere is something superb in the march of tin\\narmy. If the army is a victorious one and is\\nmarching through a friendly region, its progress\\nwill be triumphal. Price s army rested awhile at\\nSpringfield; then it moved across the State, con-\\nscious of its power, thrilling its foes with appre-\\nhension and awe, and was greeted by salvos of\\nwelcome from its friends. It swept to the north\\nalong parallel roads and struck the Federal base\\nat Lexington with the impact of a hurricane. Af-\\nter a great battle an army is lame and halt and for\\ndays is weary and disinclined to move. The men\\nare nervous, moody, and fretful. If the army has\\nlost a fourth of its men, as Price s did at Wilson\\nCreek, it will need to be reorganized and reoffi-\\ncered and its morale reestablished. After the Fed-\\nerals departed from Bloody Hill at Wilson Creek,\\nthe exhausted victors lay down where they were", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "88 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIAN8.\\nand rested. A few of the dead were buried that\\nafternoon, but not many. A battle-field after\\nnightfall, silent and terrible in agony, is one of the\\nmost appalling features of war. The following\\nartistic delineation of a night-enw^rapped battle-\\nfield is not inapplicable to the field of Wilson\\nCreek\\n^^From dark to midnight there is groaning and\\nwailing. Then a fear comes upon the wounded\\nmen and they are silent. It is not fear of death\\nnot fear of the dead beside them but of the night\\nitself, of the ghouls who may come to plunder.\\nThis feeling of fear even extends to the w^ounded\\nhorses. A wounded horse often lies down as soon\\nas he is struck. When he finds himself growing\\nw^eaker, his aim is to get upon his feet again. If\\nhe can do so, he will stand with his legs braced and\\npeer into the darkness and neigh and whinny his\\nhopes and fears. If he cannot rise, he will la}^ his\\nhead on the ground and sigh and sob, and the noise\\nwill add to the fright of the wounded men within\\nhearing. By midnight the field is quiet. A plun-\\nderer roaming about will imagine that all the\\nfallen are dead. Ue w ill not know to the contrary\\nuntil he lays hands upon them. For an hour or\\ntwo the wounded will remain voiceless and with-\\nout movement. Then the darkness and the silence\\naround him makes him believe that death it at\\nhand. He does not want to die among the dead.\\nA feeling comes to him that he must crawl away", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "AM PA ION OF rUE MISSOURI STATE GILiRDS. 89\\nand die by himself, and after a little he acts iip-\\nou it.\\nA burial party finds a battle-field covered\\nwith trails. The wounded have dragged them-\\nselves yards or rods away from the spot where they\\nfell. They have drawn themselves over the earth,\\ninch by inch, to hide beside logs in thickets or\\nfence corners in swamp or forest. Those who\\nhave crawled farthest are dead when mornino-\\ncomes, and on their faces is a look of terror and\\ndespair. They were creeping away from death\\nand darkness, but were overtaken. And the men\\nwith the stretchers find those who still live silent\\nand wide-eyed and speaking only in whispers.\\nThey have had their blood chilled by the blackness\\nof night and the footsteps of death, and it will be\\ndays before they find their voices or smile again.*\\nSloAvly and laboriously. Price s army remod-\\neled itself. In a few days it moved u]) to Spring-\\nfield, and for two weeks Price was occupied in drill-\\ning, recruiting, and reorganizing his forces and in\\ndispatching couriers here and there to the North.\\nMcC ulloch settled down at Pond Springs. Al-\\nthough he was in nominal command at Wilson\\nCreek, and although he received from the Confed-\\nerate Congress a vote of thanks for the victory,\\nhe failed to achieve the glory so justly earned by\\nPrice. But he had lost the most precious hours of\\nthe battle in chasing Sigel. McCulloch was a\\nbrave man, and Price would have fared badly that\\nday without the aid of the regiments from Ar-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "90 BATTLEIS AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nkansas, Texas, and Lousiana. lu two weeks Me-\\nCiilloeli abandoned the State of Missonri and\\ndropped back into xVrkansas and rested until the\\nbattle of Pea Ivid^e. Pearce, of the Arkansas\\nState Guards, soon disbanded his men whose terms\\nof service expired.\\nWhen every possible preparation had been\\ncompleted and the final niessen ;ers had been dis-\\npatched to Harris and Green north of the river.\\nGeneral Price put his army into unexpected mo-\\ntion. The State of Kansas was instantly in a furor\\nof excitement and alarm, fearing an invasion.\\nGeneral Lane, the Grim Chieftain, sent swift\\nhorsemen to summons reinforcements to Ft. Scott\\nColonels Jennison and Johnson Avere sent to lecoi-\\nnoiter in the direction of Dry Wood. General\\nIvains, with his southwest Missouri forces, was\\nthere waiting and ready to answer for havin:ji,\\nseized a large herd of Government mules tlie diy\\nbefore. A furious battle of several hours durati )n\\nw^as fought, after which the Federals fell back to\\nFt. Scott, whereupon General Lane retreatel t)\\na safe distance into Kansas. He threw up brea t-\\nworks and remained there until Price had passe 1\\non; then he fell in behind and burned OsceoLi.\\nWhen Lane evacuated Ft. Scott, nearly the entir.\\nmale population accompanied him. Jennison was\\nleft to hold the place until Price should arrive in\\nsight During the night Jennison s 400 men van-\\ndalized the place, according to their custom. Gen-\\neral Price marched unopposed to Lexington, driv-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE iMIS^WURI ^TATE GUARDS. 91\\ning in a force of Federals under Peabody at\\nWarrensburg.\\nGeneral Price had ordered Generals Tlios. A.\\nHarris and Martin E. Green to join Mm in the\\nneighborhood of Lexington with their forces from\\nthe northern part of the State, where for three\\nmonths they had been organizing under great\\ndifficulties. Anarchy prevailed in that section.\\nGen. Pope Avas the Federal commander of northern\\nMissouri. Wiley Brit ton, a Federal soldier and\\nauthor of The Civil War on the Border, says:\\nThe drunken and lawless acts of the Federal\\nsoldiers were believed to have been countenanced\\nfrom headquarters, instead of being corrected.\\nUnion men were insulted and robbed and plun-\\ndered of their property, and his (Pope s) policy was\\nregarded as a license for such acts. In one in-\\nstance it is asserted and not denied that the mem-\\nbers of a regiment shipped over sixty head of horses\\nand mules taken from citizens to Chicago to be\\nsold, the proceeds of Avhich went to the men s pri-\\nvate accounts. In numerous other cases the Fed-\\neral soldiers appropriated to their private use the\\nproperty of citizens of the localities through which\\nthey marched or where they were stationed. The\\nFederal soldiers also in several cases fired at the\\ncitizens from the railroad trains with as little con-\\ncern as they would fire at a flock of birds. Such\\nabuses tended to alienate all classes instead of\\nmaking them fast friends of the Government.\\nBands of Secessionists were allow^ed to organize", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "92 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOVRIANS.\\nand commit depredations within less than a day s\\nmarch of the idle Federal troops, and weeks passed\\nwithout efforts being made to disperse them.\\nGeneral Pope was not alone in the short-\\nsighted policy of punishing the citizens indiscrim-\\ninately for the war-like acts of the Secessionists.\\nHe had a rival in General Lane, commanding the\\nKansas brigade, then operating in the western\\ncounties of Missouri, between Fort Scott and Kan-\\nsas City. Gen. Lane had acted with commendable\\nenergy and zeal in raising and organizing troops\\nto defend Kansas from invasion. As Generals\\nPrice and Kains marched north toward Lexington,\\nafter the action at Dry Wood, Gen. Lane contin-\\nually threatened the left flank of the Southern\\nforces, and no doubt did much good in preventing\\ndetachments of Secessionists from making raids\\ninto Kansas. Hearing that a considerable force\\nof Secessionists had been left at Osceola to guard\\nPrice s ammunition train and other supplies col-\\nlected at that point for his army. Gen. Lane made\\na rapid march with his command to that place for\\nthe puri^ose of capturing and destroying the train\\nand supi^lies. When he arrived near town he met\\nwith scmie resistance from a small f(UT-e of the ene-\\nmy. He then ordered up his battery of four guns\\nand commenced to shell the woods and town. Af-\\nter a little skirmishing, the Secessionists retreated,\\nand Gen. Lane moved into town, and not only de-\\nstroyed the stores which had been collected for the\\nSouthern forces, but burned the place to ashes.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 93\\nIt was the county seat of St. Clair County, was the\\nhead of navigation on the Osage, and contained\\nmuch substantial wealth for a town of its size.\\nMany of the merchants of western and south-\\nwestern Missouri and the Indian Territory had\\ntheir goods shipped from tlie East to Osceola, and\\nfrom thence hauled in wagons to their destination.\\nAs it was the nearest shipping-point to the lead\\nmines of tlie Southwest, hundreds of tons of lead\\nturned out by the Granby mines were hauled there\\nannually and shipped to St. Louis.\\nIn destroying the town. Gen. Lane seemed to\\nbe unconscious of the fact that his conduct would\\nbe just excuse for retaliation, and that it might\\npossibly come with interest, and he did not seem\\nto realize that he was making a name for his com-\\nmand that should not attach to troops engaged\\nin honorable warfare. Perhaps upwards of one-\\nthird of the people of St. Clair County were Union-\\nists, and many of the men were in the Federal\\narmy; some, too, in Kansas regiments. Gen. Lane\\ndestroyed and appropriated their property with the\\nsame recklessness that he did the property of the\\nSecessionists. He was incapable of seeing that\\nthe loyal people of Missouri were entitled to the\\nprotection of the Federal Government, even if they\\nwere fighting its battles.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "94 BATTLE IS AND BIOGRAFHIEH OF MISSOURIANS.\\nChapter X.\\nBATTLE OF LEXINGTON.\\nThere stood a hill not faj whose grisly top\\nBelched fire and rolling smoke.\\nMilton.\\nWhy the Federals were unprepa-red to receive\\nPrice at Lexington remains one of tlie mysteries\\nof history.\\nColonel Mulligan, commandant of the place,\\nknew of the approach of Price two weeks before\\nthe beginning of the siege, and had sent nrgent\\nmessages to Fremont for reinforcements. The\\nonly reply vouchsafed was an order to hold Lex-\\nington to the last extremity. General Pope was\\nnorth of the river with 5,000 to 10,000 Federals;\\nSturgis had a large force at Macon City, whither\\nhe had fled from Wilson Creek. Jeff. C. Davis held\\nJefferson City with 10,000 troops; a fleet of trans-\\nports might have been sent in that time from St.\\nLouis; there were the forces at Leavenworth, and\\neven General Lane might have followed behind\\nPrice from Fort Scott.\\nThere were 50,000 Federal troops in Missouri,\\narmed and maintained by the Government for no\\nother purpose than to meet such attacks as now\\nthreatened liexington. Every commander in the\\nState knew what Price meant to do. By railroad", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 95\\naud river these 50,000 troops could have all been\\nsent to Lexington; half that number should have\\nbeen sent there. Yet Mulligan was left to his fate.\\nFremont did order Jeff. O. Davis to go by rail to\\nSedalia, western terminus of the Missouri Pacific\\nKailroad, and to march from there with a large\\nforce to relieve Mulligan. Price would have cov-\\nered the distance between Sedalia and Lexin.i-\\nton under such circumstances in one day. Davis\\nthought the trip impracticable, and disobeyed the\\norder. General Sturgis was ordered forward from\\nMacon City, and he, with Bloody Hill green in\\nhis memory, made a belated and futile elTort to\\nreach Lexington, the only effort of any Federal\\ncommander.\\nGeneral Price reached Lexington on Septem-\\nber 13, 1861, chasing Colonel Peabody. The latter\\nhad gone to Warrensburg to caiTy out the pro-\\nvisions of Fremont s proclamation, and was sur-\\nprised by General Price. Peabody delayed the\\npursuit and saved himself by burning the biidg s\\nbehind him as he retreated to Lexington.\\nAfter notifying Mulligan of his presence by\\ncopious salutes from Guibor s and Bledsoe s bat-\\nteries, General Price went into camp at the fair\\ngrounds, two miles south of the city, and began\\nsystematically to draw his lines tightly around\\nthe l)eleaguered garrison. General Parsons, who\\nbranched off from Price s army to watch Sedalia,\\nwas ordered to Lexington. Cols. Sanders and Pat-\\nton were coming down from northwest Missouri,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "96 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nand at Blue Mills fought a stirring battle when\\nthey attempted to cross the Missouri IJiver. Gen\\neral Green was soon to arrive, and Harris had al-\\nready arrived. None of Price s reinforcements\\nfailed him, while Mulligan Avaited and looked in\\nvain for help which he ought to have had by every\\ntenet of military science.\\nIf it seems hard that Mulligan was left unsup-\\nported by the War Department of his Government\\nin this trying hour, his great opponent seems to\\nhave been equally neglected by the Confederate\\nGovernment True, Price was not fighting for the\\n(J onfederacy directly, but he was fighting its ene-\\nmies and should have had its support.\\nMulligan did everything possible to save his\\ncommand except to fly across the river in boats\\nmoored at the wharf. He constructed around the\\nMasonic College a redan of great strength, with\\nembrasures, parapets, and a banquette f r barbette\\nguns. The works were greatly strengthened dur-\\ning the five days of Price s preparation.\\nThese five days were enough for the utter anni-\\nhilation of Price by the Federals. But Price was\\ntaking no unwarranted risk. He knew the people\\nof Missouri as no other man knew them. He had\\npersonal and well-known friends in every hamlet\\nand township and neighborhood. He expecteit\\nthese to rally to his standard. Fremont had issued\\nhis famous proclamation on August 30th, which\\nwas so radical that President Lincoln modified\\nit by annulling two of its extremest provisions,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 97\\nnamel3% the one emancipating the shives of Mis-\\nsouri and the one confiscating private propert}^,\\nreal and personal. Another provision of the proc-\\nlamation established martial law over a large part\\nof the State. Price rightly guessed that this in-\\nconsiderate and rigorous proclamation would send\\nrecruits to his camp, and everywhere benefit the\\ncause for which he was fighting.\\nThe situation was dramatic and heroic. Mul-\\nligan, with his riiicago Irish, and Peabody, with\\nhis Missouri militia, waited gallantly for destruc-\\ntion, which was obviously upon them. Mulligan s\\nmen had seen much skirmishing since their occu-\\npation of Lexington a few weeks before the siege.\\nColonel Eoute, of Liberty, led a thousand unorgan-\\nized men from Clay and Jackson counties against\\nMulligan. These camped at the fair grounds, but\\nthey came away after causing Mulligan some un-\\neasiness, perhaps all they expected to accomplish.\\nCapt. Shelby, restless, enterprising, had arrived\\nfrom Springfield Avith his company ahead of the\\nmain army. Mulligan s scouts and Shelby s men\\nhad met and fired at each other not infrequently\\nat different places in Lafayette County. During\\nthe week that Price was encamped at the fair\\ngrounds there were numerous conflicts between\\nscouts and pickets. A great deal of powder was\\nwasted in this way with no effect other than the\\neffect of keeping the excitement at fever heat on\\nboth sides. Eagerness for the great battle was\\nthus engendered.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "98 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\nWhile encamped at the fair grounds Gen. Price\\ndispatched Gen. D. R. Atchison on the road to-\\nward St. Joseph to hasten forward the command\\nunder Col. Thos. Patten. Gen. Atchison had been\\nUnited States senator from Missouri, and had\\nacted as president of the Senate. He met Patten\\nat Blue Mills Landing, where an attack of Federals\\nwas repulsed in an hour s engagement on Tuesday,\\nthe 17th.\\nOn Wednesday morning, September 18, 18G1,\\nGen. Price ordered the assault from all directions\\non Mulligan s works. Gen. liains was stationed\\nnortheast of the fortifications, while Gen. Parsons\\nwas southwest, across the deep ravine. Col. Con-\\ngreve Jackson s and Gen. Stine s divisions were\\nheld as reserves and were not engaged. Batteries\\nwere planted at distances of six hundred yards on\\nfour sides of the fortifications. The batteries were\\nccmimanded by Churchill, Clark, Hi Bledsoe, Lan-\\ndis, of St. Joseph, and Guibor, of St. Louis. At an\\nearly hour the various divisions were in the posi-\\ntions assigned them. Sharj^sliooters Averesent for-\\nward from all quarters and at the signal the battle\\nbegan with a tremendous fusillade from all attack-\\ning parties. The batteries opened with the sound\\nof a thousand storms. The beleaguered Federals\\nreplied gallantly. For three days the thunder of\\nbattle shook the foundations of the earth. Almost\\nat the beginning of the battle, Col. Eives, acting in\\nplace of Gen. Slack, led his own regiment and\\nCol. Hughes down the river bank to the landing,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 99\\nwhere he captured a steamboat. He was relu-\\nforced by Gens. Harris and McBi ide. The boat\\nwas h)aded afterwards with 2,000 sokliers, who\\nwere sent to the opposite bank as a gnard ai^ainst\\nStiirgis, w]io was cominc^ up from Macon Cit3\\\\\\nJust above the landin^i^ and near the Federal outer\\nentrenchments stood the residence of Col. Ander-\\nson. Above it floated the sacred hospital M\\nThose Avho were ca] turing- the boat were fired up-\\non from this hospital. Several companies of Har-\\nris command charged the house and took it, a\\nsplendid foothold within the P^deral lines. Mean-\\ntime Harris and McBride took possession of the\\nimpregnable bluffs nortli of the Anderson house.\\nThese positions enabhMl the besiegers to so harass\\nand annoy the Federals that Mulligan ordered a\\nstrong force to retake the Anderson house. His\\norder was carried out to perfection. But the\\nhouse Avas held but a few minutes by the Federals.\\nHarris charged the ])lace again and took it and\\nheld it. The final assault on the fortifications\\nwas made at the sloi)e guarded by the Anderson\\nhouse. Before the end of the first day, a messen-\\nger from Gen. Atchison arrived at Price s head-\\nquarters Avith news of the battle at Blue Mills.\\nThe news was received by the army with a great\\nshout.\\nOn Thursday morning the attack was renewed,\\nafter a restful night. A Federal newspaper writer\\nof the time, an eye-witness, wrote: Thursday jthe\\ncannonade amounted to but little it was mainly", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "100 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nconfined to the twelve-pounder of the Confederates,\\nwith an occasional reply from the besieged. But\\nthe cracking of small-arms was incessant, and so\\nthick and close were the enemy about the works,\\nand so accurate the aim of their sharpshooters, that\\na man, a head, or a cap shown for a single instant\\nabove the works was sure to be saluted with fifty\\nballs that never went many inches from the mark.\\nThursday night Price ordered hot shot fired into\\nthe college, hoping to burn the building or explode\\nthe Federal magazine, which, however, was kept\\nin the basement. On Friday morning the pro-\\ngramme of the preceding days was resumed. The\\nbatteries were at work early and the sharpshoot-\\ners occupied every tree, rock, elevation, gully,\\nhouse, or other sheltering object in the vicinity of\\nthe works. On the river side the fighting had all\\nthe time been heavy from the Anderson house and\\nthe extemporized fortifications north of it. At the\\nwharf several hundred bales of hemp were await-\\ning shipment. The hemp industry was a large one\\nin those days. The soldiers saturated these hemp\\nbales with water, then rolled them up the hill.\\nBehind each moving bale were crouched two or\\nthree soldiers, firing as they came. Mulligan\\nturned loose his batteries and the full tide of lead\\nfrom his small-arms upon the advancing breast-\\nworks. Slowly and laboriously, but surely and\\nsteadily, the moving forts aiiproached the Federal\\nposition. It was now only a question of a few", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "CA3IPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 101\\nhours when a large part of Price s army would be\\nclambering into the Federal fortifications.\\nBevier quotes a Federal writer: Let sneering\\nEuropeans no longer dispute our capacity for war,\\nfor here we have an idea developed in the heat of\\nbattle by a Western general, which excels the best\\nstrateg} ever developed inLombardy or theCrimea.\\nIt was a stroke of genius one of thosehappy adap-\\ntations of chance means which prove the talent of\\nthe general and elevate the art of battle above the\\nlevel of mere downright force. It excels, by far,\\nthe fine conception of Jackson s breastw^orks at\\nNew Orleans, for it engrafts upon that artifice a\\nsuperior idea. It was an active rather than a pas-\\nsive stratagem, and inspired an inert and merely\\nresisting body with a living, moving and assailable\\nfunction.\\nWe have heard of flying artillery, and seen its\\nexecution; but who ever heard before of flying re-\\ndoubts, which, while they give shelter to an ad-\\nvancing line, can successfully withstand the heav-\\niest cannonade. Poor Mulligan must have gazed\\nupon this miracle, in the method of approach, with\\nmuch of the same wonder as the Scottish king be-\\nheld from liis battlements the advance of Birnam\\nwood upon Dunsinane, and his heart must have\\nsunk as heavily within him at the sight. No valor\\ncould withstand the marching bastion. It was\\nimpregnable to bayonet charges and inaccessible\\nto cavalry, and the force behind it was superior to\\nhis own.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "102 BATTLED AND BIOGRAPHIES OF AIISSOURIANS.\\nSome time in the afternoon Major Becker, of\\nthe Home Guards, ran out a white flag, at his oAvn\\nsuggestion. Mulligan a\\\\ as not ready to surrender,\\nand he ordered Becker under arrest and gave or-\\nders for the battle to be resumed. The firing, how-\\never, gradually subsided, and a parley ensued, at\\nwhich terms of cai)itulation were agreed upon. If\\nMulligan was averse to surrendering, Col. Bh^lsoe\\nwas equally opposed to it. Gen. Price sent three\\norders to Bledsoe to stop firing his battery. The\\ngarrison surrendered and 3,500 Federals became\\nprisoners of war. These were paroled and on Sat-\\nurday and Sunday mornings were liberated on the\\noj)posite side of the Missouri River. Among those\\ncaptured were Colonels Mulligan, Peabod^^, Mar-\\nshall, White, G rover, and Major Van Horn. The\\nproperty surrendered was immense, arms, ammuni-\\ntion, wagons, teams, camp equipage, more than a\\nhundred thousand dollars worth of commissary\\nstores, and nearly a million of money. The latter\\nhad been taken from tlie P armers Bank at Lexing-\\nton, in accordance Avitli the contiscation orders\\nissued by Gen. Fremont. The Bank of Warrens-\\nburg would have suffered in the same way under\\nthe same order had not Price arrived there when he\\ndid and driven Col. Peabody back to Lexington.\\nCol. Mulligan refused to be paroled, inasmuch as\\nhis Government did not reco nize the State Guards\\nas belligerents. He was, therefore, held as a pris-\\noner and accom])anied Price s army south. Mul-\\nligan was under the care of Gen. HaiTis, and the", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MIS.SOURI STATE GUARDS. 103\\ntwo men became strongly attached to each other\\nduring the several weeks the} were together.\\nMulligan Avas finally exchanged and fell in battle,\\nfighting for the Union, somewhere be^^ond the Mis-\\nsissippi. Harris Avas elected to the Confederate\\nCongress.\\nNotes,\\nU. S. (Irant, AAiio Avas in northern Missouri\\nduring the summer of 1861, makes notable men-\\ntion of General Thos. A. Harris in his Memoirs.*\\nSays Grant: As we api)roached the brow of the\\nhill from which it was expected we could see Har-\\nris camp, and possibly find his men ready formel\\nto meet us, my heart kept getting higher and\\nhigher, until it felt to me as though it was in my\\nthroat I would haA e giA^en anything then to have\\nbeen back in Illinois, but I had not the moral cour-\\nage to halt and consider what to do; I kept right\\non. When we reached a i3oint from which the\\nvalley below was in full view, I halted. The place\\nwiiere Harris had been encamped a few days be-\\nfore was still there, and the marks of a recent\\nencampment Avere plainly visible, but the tio-^pj\\nwere gone. My heart resumed its place. It oc-\\ncurred to me that Harris had been as much afraid\\nof me as I had been of him. This was a vieAV of\\nthe question I had never taken before; but it was\\none I never forgot afterAvards. From that event\\nto the close of the Avar I never felt trepidation\\nupon confronting an enemy, though I ahvays felt\\nmore or less anxiety.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "104 J^A^TTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nA newspai^er writer of the time, who posses-\\nsed most decided Federal sympathies, wrote of the\\nbattle: ^^Tlie Home Guards, as. a general thing,\\nsneaked into the trenches and refused to fight at\\nall the cannon were useless for the w^ant of am-\\nmunition. Dead horses strewed the ground in\\nevery direction, producing a most intolerable odor.\\nThese, and perhaps similar circumstances, charac-\\nterized the condition of affairs at about the time of\\nthe capitulation, and were sufficient not only to\\ndrive a man into surrender, but into suicide or\\ninsanity.\\nThe same newspaper article describes the ap-\\npearance and conduct of Price s men and officers\\nafter the victory. The officers deported them-\\nselve as gentlemen, but the howls of joy and\\ndrunken jubilation, from thirty thousand throats,\\nbeggars all descriptions. The author of the arti-\\ncle writes as follows\\nHere went one fellow in a shirt of brilliant\\ngreen, on his side an immense cavalry sabre, in his\\nbelt two navy revolvers and a Bowie knife, and\\nslung from his shoulder a Sharp s rifle. Tlight by\\nhis side was another, upon whose liip dangled a\\nlight medical sword, in his hand a double-bar-\\nrelled shot-gun, in his boot an immense scythe, on\\nhis heel the inevitable spur, his whole appearance,\\nfrom tattered boot, througii which gazed auda-\\nciously his toes, to the top of his head, indicating\\nthat the plunderings of many regions made up his\\nwhole. Generally, the soldiers were armed with", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 105\\nshot-guns or squirrel rifles. Some had the old\\nflint-lock muskets, a few had Minie guns, and\\nothers Sharp s or Maynard s rifles, while all, to\\nthe poorest, had horses.\\nI saw one case that shows the Confederate\\nstyle of fighting. An old Texan, dressed in buck-\\nskin and armed with a long rifle, used to go up to\\nthe works every morning about seven o clock, car-\\nrying his dinner in a tin pail. Taking a good posi-\\ntion, he banged away at the Federals till noon,\\nthen rested an hour, ate his dinner, after which he\\nresumed operations till six p. m., when he re-\\nturned home to supper and a night s sleep. The\\nnext day a little before seven saw him, dinner and\\nrifle in hand, trudging up the street to begin again\\nhis regular day s work and in this style he con-\\ntinued till the surrender.\\nGen. Sturgis made a feeble effort to reach Lex-\\nington. He disembarked his forces at Utica on\\nthe Hannibal St. Joseph Railroad, some forty\\nmiles north of Lexington. This was Tuesday\\nmorning. By twelve o clock noon he had under\\narrest some twenty men and one captain for pilfer-\\ning around town. Meantime Sturgis had been\\nbusy pressing wagons and teams for the overland\\ntrip to Lexington. The troops marched ten miles\\nthat afternoon and then camped until morning.\\nThe newspaper writer above quoted says:\\n^^Wednesday morning about eight o clock, and\\nwhen at a distance of some thirty miles from Lex-\\nington, the whole command was electrified by the\\n8", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "106 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nfaint mutter of a cannonade that crept up sullenly\\non the air from the direction of Lexington. All\\nday, without a moment s intermission, and that\\nnight up to midnight, the roar of the conflict came\\nup from the south as if a half-dozen thunderstorms\\nhad met and were battling on the distant horizon.\\nThe day Avas savagely hot, and the men, unused to\\nwalking, although inspired by the music that\\nseemed inviting them on, gave out in scores. So\\nthat, notwithstanding the march was kept up till\\nlong after dark, only twenty miles were made that\\nday. They were now within fifteen miles of Lex-\\nington, and Gen. Sturgis determined to halt the\\nmen, give them a few hours sleep, then push on.\\nAt one o clock in the morning the command was\\nroused up, a cup of coffee was dealt around, and\\nthe march resumed.\\nSturgis had sent a messenger ahead to inform\\nMulligan of his coming. The messenger fell into\\nthe hands of Price s scouts. He was searched and\\nthe dispatches taken from the lining of his coat.\\nAfter the boats were taken on Thursday, Price\\nsent over a force to wait for Sturgis on the north\\nside of the river. But Sturgis did not arrive.\\nlie abandoned his impedimenta to Price wagons,\\nteams, tents, everything and fled to Liberty\\nLanding, where he embarked for Leavenworth.\\nOur illustration, The Surrender of Mulligan,\\nis from an old painting copied by Miss Bertha Cald-\\nwell, daughter of T. C. Caldwell, of Independence,\\nMo. It is a faithful portrayal of the appearance", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 107\\nof the victors as they marched up to take posses-\\nsion of the Federal works.\\nMulligan says in an article in ^^Battles and\\nLeaders of the Civil War Our cartridges were\\nnow^ nearly used up, many of our brave fellows\\nhad fallen, and it was evident that the fight must\\nsoon cease, when at 3 o clock an orderly came, say-\\ning the enemy had sent a flag of truce. With the\\nflag came a note from General Price, asking, ^Why\\nhas the firing ceased? I returned it with the\\nreply written on the back: ^General, I hardly\\nknow^ unless you have surrendered. He at once\\ntook pains to assure me that this was not the case.\\nI then discovered that the major of another regi-\\nment, in spite of orders, had raised a white flag.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "108 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIANS.\\nChapter XI.\\nFROM LEXINGTON TO PEA RIDGE.\\nThus, sometimes, hath the brightest day a cloud;\\nAnd after summer, evermore succeeds\\nBarren winter, with his wrathful nipping cold.\\nShakespeare.\\nThe indifference of the Federal troops in Mis-\\nsouri to the fall of Lexington profoundly stirred\\nPresident Lincoln. He urged Fremont to repair\\nthe loss without delay. Price remained a full\\nweek in Lexington after capturing the place. By\\nthat time Fremont s vast military machine was\\nput into slow motion. Price was in danger of be-\\ning crushed. He faced about and made off leis-\\nurely for the South, like a hunted lion that bounds\\naway, but is not much afraid. Pope was in his\\nrear with 10,000 troops; Sigel wa at Sedalia with\\nnearly 10,000; Hunter was at Versailles with\\n10,000; Gens, Asboth and McKinstry were at Tip-\\nton and Syracuse Avith an aggregate of more than\\n10,000; on the west Gen. S. D. Sturgis was at Kan-\\nsas City with 3,000, and Lane was a little further\\nsouth w^ith 2,500. This spectacular array of Fed-\\neral forces was highly gratifying to Fremont, who\\ncame on from St. Louis to superintend personally\\nthe movements w^hich he now ordered. He left St\\nLouis, September 27th, the day that Price broke\\ncamp at Lexington. Price had hoped to winter at", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 109\\nLexington, but he was now in a trap and must run\\nthe gauntlet for 150 miles south to safety. He ran\\nslowly, ten miles a day. He was compelled to dis-\\nband large bodies of unarmed recruits. Moving\\nforward, he ordered demonstrations made to the\\nright and to the left, while his center proceeded\\nwith his immense train. The Federals were de-\\nceived by these feints of their wily foe. It was a\\nsplendid game, and Price won it. McCulloch had\\nagreed to send up wagon-loads of lead from the\\nGranby mines in Newton Counly, but he failed of\\nhis promise, alleging that Price would hardly need\\nthe lead, being forced to retreat, as predicted by\\nMcCulloch.\\nA vigorous movement of Polk s and Hardee s\\nforces into southeast Mfssouri at this time would\\nhave drawn Fremont in that direction to protect\\nSt Louis. Then McCulloch should have joined\\nPrice, and the combined army might have wintered\\non the Missouri Eiver. But the State of Missouri\\nhad not yet seceded, and therefore it was no part\\nof the Southern Confederacy and had no legal\\nclaim on the aid of the Confederate Army.\\nPrice s army halted for two weeks at Neosho.\\nHere, by proclamation of Gov. Jackson, the Legis-\\nlature convened. An ordinance of secession was\\npassed. Senators and representatives were chos-\\nen to the Confederate Congress at Richmond. Mc-\\nCulloch could now conscientiously invade the\\nState, and he came gladly, uniting his forces with", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "110 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\nPrice s; remaining, however, in Missouri but a few\\ndays.\\nAfter Price had effected his masterly retreat,\\nFremont came pouring after him. Price fell back\\nto Cassville in Barry County and prepared to\\nengage Fremont s forces. By this time Lincoln\\nwas thoroughly disgusted with Fremont, and or-\\ndered his removal. Gen. Hunter, who succeeded\\nFremont, ordered a retro Trade movement. The\\nUnited States had expended and squandered,\\nthrough Fremont,* millions of dollars to expel Price\\nfrom the State and now the project was abandoned.\\nPrice renewed his plan of wintering on the Mis-\\nsouri River, but .again McCulloch refused to go\\nwith him, holding that his men were unacclimated\\nand insuflficientl} clothed to bear the rigors of a\\nMissouri winter.\\nIn a few weeks Hunter was succeeded by Gen.\\nHalleck. The situation speedily changed. Price s\\narmy had gone into winter quarters at Springfield\\nand other places in that region. In February, 1862,\\nafter Price s army had comfortably lodged itself\\nin log huts for the winter, and McCulloch s army\\nwas equally comfortable at Cross Hollows, Ark.,\\nGen. Curtis, now in command of the Federal forces\\nin the Southwest, threw his legions forward. Price\\nhad dispatched Capt. Shelby, Col. Hughes, and\\nothers back to the Missouri River with small forces\\nto recruit brigades and to bring south those who\\nwere disbanded for the want of arms after the bat-\\ntle of Lexington. Both Hughes and Shelby re-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. HI\\njoined Price in time to take conspicnons parts in\\nthe great battle of Pea Kidge. Meantime tlie first\\nsteps had been taken to organize a Confederate\\narmy out of the State Guards. Price had no ex-\\npectation of leaving the State. Van Dorn, who\\nwas now assigned to the command of both Price s\\nand McCulloch s armies, advised Price to prepare\\nfor a new excursion northward. They were to\\ntake St. Louis, and from there were to overrun\\nboth Missouri and Illinois.\\nGen. Curtis, whose statue of heroic size may be\\nseen at Keokuk, Iowa, now formed the bold scheme\\nof invading Arkansas. His initial movements\\nwere so decisive and vigorous and were executed\\nwith such wisdom and such consummate prepara-\\ntion that Price evacuated Springfield precipitately,\\nleaving to Curtis an accumulation of winter sup-\\nplies. Price had hardly left Springfield and had\\nnot yet reached the old battle-field of Wilson\\nCreek, when the main body of Curtis army dashed\\ninto the evacuated city and hoisted the Stars and\\nStripes over the court-house.\\nPrice sent swift couriers to McCulloch at Cross\\nHollows and a widespread and instantaneous prep-\\naration was on foot to resist the advance of Curtis.\\nGen. Van Dorn hastened up from Jacksonport,\\nArk. Gen. Price retreated with all possible haste\\nin the direction of Cross Hollows, hotly pushed by\\nCurtis. Many skirmishes were fought and many\\nhardships were endured. Cross Hollows was an\\nextensive Confederate stronghold. Curtis made", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "112 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\na flank movement to the west, and Cross Hol-\\nlows was abandoned to the Federals without\\nfiring a gun. Price and McCulloch took refuge in\\nthe Boston Mountains, where on the 3d of March\\nthey received Gen. Van Dorn with a major-gener-\\naFs salute of forty guns. Curtis now occupied\\nCross Hollows and Fayetteville. He began to feel\\nthe pressure in his front of the accumulating and\\nresentful rebels. The great battle was about to\\nbe fought. Curtis had been the aggressor until\\nnow. Knowing that he was about to be attacked,\\nhe chose a strong position on Sugar Creek and re-\\ncalled his advanced forces to his chosen stronghold\\nat Pea Eidge. Van Dorn advanced without de-\\nlay, hoping to destroy Sigel at Bentonville and\\nCarr at Cross Hollows. Sigel barely escaped, and\\njoined Curtis closely pushed by Price. At night\\nVan Dorn rested in front of Curtis, just beyond\\ncannon range. McCulloch pointed out a road\\nleading to the rear of the Federal position. Price\\nand Van Dorn immediately after nightfall entered\\nthis road, and by morning, March 7th, were two\\nmiles from Curtis in his rear, and occupying the\\nonly road upon which he could retreat to Missouri.\\nMcCulloch was left in front of Curtis with his own\\nforces and with Generals Pike s and Stand Wait-\\nie s Indians. The plan of battle was designed to\\nbag Curtis entire army. The battle began early\\nin the morning and raged on all parts of the large\\nfield throughout the day. Price advanced stead-\\nily, drawing his lines closely around Curtis, who", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 113\\nheld a council of war and was about to surrender.\\nHis headquarters of last night were in possession of\\nPrice. Between Price with his Missourians on one\\nside and McCulloch with his large well-trained\\nConfederate veterans on the other, Curtis was\\nabout crushed. The day had been a hard one on\\nall the contending forces. Suddenly Curtis felt\\nthe pressure from McCulloch give way. The de-\\nspairing Curtis was now hopeful. He might yet\\nmeet the advancing and triumphant Price. Van\\nDorn was writing out a dispatch, late in the after-\\nnoon, to McCulloch, urging him to press the ene-\\nmy vigorously in front, and Price would close in\\nat the rear, and before dark the contest would\\nbe ended. The dispatch was never sent Col. Dil-\\nlon rode up and reported: ^^McCulloch is dead,\\nMcintosh is dead, Herbert is dead!\\nLate that night the broken, disorganized, and\\ndisheartened remnant of McCulloch s proud army\\narrived at Price s camp. They had no ammuni-\\ntion, their train having gonejby some criminal mis-\\ntake, to Bentonville. Curtis was now relieved in\\nfront, and in the morning Sigel would join his\\nfriends in front of Price. Van Dorn decided to re-\\ntreat, although retreating seemed running from\\nvictory. Van Dorn had ventured into this battle\\nwith a force only half as great as that commanded\\nby Curtis. This force he divided into two parts,\\nand b}^ the mischances of the day one part, the\\nlarger part, was eliminated from further possible\\nparticipation in the battle. Dividing an army and", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "114 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nfighting it against a superior force is a doubtful\\nexpedient, but this was not Van Dorn s fatal mis-\\ntake at Pea Ridge. Had Van Dorn remained with\\nMcCulloch at the front, instead of accompanying\\nPrice to the rear of Curtis, the vanquished would\\nhave been the victors. McCulloch needed super-\\nvision, not Price. McCulloch was a good general,\\nbut he was also a good sharpshooter; when killed\\nhe had a Maynard rifle on his shoulder. He ex-\\nposed himself unnecessarily. Had he not fallen,\\nperhaps all would have been well.\\nWhen night came the soldiers of the contend-\\ning armies rested among their dead. When morn-\\ning came the battle was resumed, mainly by the\\nopposing batteries, and for the purpose, on the\\npart of Van Dorn, of giving Curtis gentle employ-\\nment until the retreat could be executed, under the\\nimmediate supervision of General Little. Price s\\nmen supposed they w^ere making a flank move-\\nment, and were in high spirits. Mutterings of dis-\\ncontent were loud when they learned that they\\nwere retreating.\\nBevier says: ^^Maintaining the best of order\\nin the worst of humors supplied alone with such\\nprovisions, principally corn meal and bacon, as\\ncould be picked up in the country; through floods\\nof rain, and over submerged bottom lands and\\nswollen rivers, the retreating Missouri brigades\\nmarched for eight days, and finally camped on\\nFrog Bayou, near Van Buren.\\nCurtis made no attempt to follow. His army", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "CAMPAIGN OF THE MISSOURI STATE GUARDS. 115\\nfinally drifted toward Helena, and part of it, later\\nin the war, fought under Steele.\\nWhile the battle of Pea Ridge was a Federal\\nvictory, gained principally by Sigel, Van Dorn car-\\nried away some of the substantial fruits of success,\\nhaving captured three hundred prisoners, four\\npieces of artillery, and three baggage wagons. The\\nFederal loss in killed was nearly four hundred.\\nVan Dorn s loss in killed was less than two hun-\\ndred. While in camp near Van Buren, Price re-\\nceived his commission as major-general in the Con-\\nfederate Army, and with the commission came a\\ncry for help from Albert Sidney Johnson. Grant\\nwas pressing down toward Shiloh. From Van Bu-\\nren, Price marched to Des Arc on White River, and\\nthere embarked his army for Memphis. It was\\nlike embarking for another continent", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "116 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nChapter XII\\nFROM DES ARC TO CORINTH.\\nA braver choice of dauntless spirits\\nThan now the English bottoms have wafted over,\\nDid never float upon the swelling tide\\nTo do offense and scath in Christendom.\\nShakespeare.\\nTo go or not to go, that was the question to be\\ndecided by the men at Des Arc. These citizen-\\nsoldiers had gone into the Missouri State Guards\\nto fight for Missouri and for nothing else. Many\\nof them had in past years gone frequently on\\nexcursions to the Kansas line to repel by force\\nmarauding bands of Jayhawkers. Defending the\\nState against invasion was, therefore, not only a\\nprinciple; it was a habit also, long practiced.\\nWhen the appeal came for help beyond the Missis-\\nsippi, where Grant was bearing down on Beaure-\\ngard, there were division and debates in the camp\\nof the State Guards. Some said: We will go\\nand fight wherever duty calls. Others said:\\nWe will return to Missouri, if possible, and we\\nwill fight and die for our State.\\nThe earliest Confederate camp established for\\nrecruiting out of the State Guards was on Sac\\nRiver, near Osceola, Mo., in December, 1861. After\\nthe retreat from Lexington, Price knew his army\\nof State Guards must eventually become Confed-\\nerate. But not until after the battle of Pea Ridge", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "FROM DES ARC TO CORINTH. 117\\nwas the necessity forced upon the unwilling at-\\ntention of the rank and file. Near Van Buren,\\nArk., at Frog Bayou, seventy-five miles beyond the\\nMissouri line, the final decision was mostly made.\\nGeneral Rains was left in command of those who\\nremained; General Price was to command those\\nwho should go. Here the separation took place,\\nbut the final farewell was said at Des Arc. on\\nWhite River. Here the men were dismounted, and\\ntheir horses sold to the Government or sent to\\npasture in Texas. Here Price resigned his com-\\nmand of the Missouri State Guards and issued a\\npassionate appeal to his followers, in these burn-\\ning words\\n^^Soldiers of the State Guard, I command you\\nno longer. I have this day resigned the commis-\\nsion which your patient endurance, your devoted\\npatriotism, and your dauntless bravery have made\\nso honorable. I have done this that I might the\\nbetter serve you, our State, and our country; that\\nI may the sooner lead you back to the fertile\\nprairies, the rich woodlands and majestic streams\\nof our beloved Missouri; that I may more certainly\\nrestore you to your once more happy homes, and\\nto the loved ones there.\\n^^Five thousand of those who have fought side\\nby side with us, under the Grizzly Bears of Mis-\\nsouri, have followed me into the Confederate\\ncamp. They appeal to you, as I do, by all the\\ntender memories of the past, not to leave us now,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "118 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nbut to go with US wherever the path of duty may\\nlead, till we shall have conquered a peace and won\\nour independence by brilliant deeds upon new\\nfields of battle.\\nSoldiers of the State Guard, veterans of six\\npitched battles and nearly twenty skirmishes\\nconquerors in them all, your country, with its\\nruined hearths and shrines, rescue forever from\\nthe terrible thralldom which threatens her. I\\nknow she will not call in vain. The insolent and\\nbarbarous hordes which have dared to invade our\\nsoil, and to desecrate our homes, have just met\\nwith a signal overthrow beyond the MississipDi.\\nNow is the time to end this unhappy war. If\\nevery man will do his duty, his own roof will shel-\\nter him in peace from the storms of the coming\\nwinter.\\nLet not history record that men who bore with\\npatience the privations of Oowskin Prairte, who\\nendured uncomplainingly the heats of a Missouri\\nsummer, and the frosts and snows of a Missouri\\nwinter; that the men who met the enemy at Carth-\\nage, at Wilson s Creek, at Fort Scott, at Lexing-\\nton, and numerous lesser battle-fields in Missouri,\\nand met them but to conquer them that the men\\nwho fought so bravely and so well at Elk Horn;\\nthat the unpaid soldiers of Missouri were, after so\\nmany victories, and after so much suffering, un-\\nequal to the great task of achieving the independ-\\nence of their magnificent State.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "FROM DES ARC TO CORINTH. 119\\nSoldiers! I go but to make a pathway to our\\nhomes. Follow me.\\n^^Sterling Price.\\nDes Arc, Ark., April 8, 1862.\\nMany of the State Guards had followed Price\\nto Des Arc and many were willing to go with him\\nbeyond the Mississippi River, but were unwilling\\nto become irrevocably attached to the Southern\\nConfederacy. They would go for a brief period to\\nthe relief of Beauregard, but would return. These\\nwere under Brigadier General M. M. Parsons, by\\nspecial order of Warick Hough, adjutant-general\\nof Missouri.\\nAt this time White Kiver was a seething flood.\\nBoats were quickly secured. Price embarked\\nwith 8,000 troops, sailed down the swollen White\\nKiver, out into the Mississippi, and up to Memphis.\\nThe mighty Grant was slowly emerging from\\nobscurity. His quick, lightning-like decision and\\nunerring judgment had won for him the fall of\\nForts Henry and Donelson. He had broken the\\nline of Confederate defenses from Bowling Green\\nto Columbus; he had fought and dearly won the\\nbattle of Shiloh. By the success of his brilliant\\nstrategies, he had driven a wedge into the Confed-\\nerate Army and had moved his own front 200 miles\\nsouthward. Beauregard had fallen back to Cor-\\ninth, at the extreme northern edge of the State\\nof Mississippi. Beauregard was a consummate\\ncivil engineer as well as a trained strategist. He\\nfortified Corinth with great skill. He had also", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "120 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIANS.\\nconstructed the defensive works at Island No. 10,\\nwhich commanded the Mississippi River. A few\\ndays before Price left Des Arc the battle of Shiloh\\nhad been fought. But it was not a Confederate\\nvictory, as reported in Price s camp. On April 8th,\\nthe date of Price s appeal to his followers at Des\\nArc, Island No. 10 ceased to be a Confederate\\nstronghold. Its fall had cost the Federals fifty\\ntons \u00c2\u00abf powder, declared Beauregard. Island\\nNo. 10 was an outpost of Vicksburg. When Price\\nand Van Dorn arrived at Corinth, General Hal-\\nleck was approaching the place by the slow process\\nof a regular siege. Edwards says: Halleck dug\\nand dug, and pushed his immense army forward\\nslowly and painfully as a w^ounded snake.\\nHalleck belonged to the old school of soldiers,\\nand he believed that Grant had been incautious at\\nShiloh. He would now teach Grant how to be cau-\\ntious, and the siege of Corinth was an object les-\\nson. Halleck tutoring Grant! The light of history\\nreveals nothing more ludicrous.\\nAt the begining of the war Corinth was un-\\nmarked on the maps. Its position with reference\\nto railroad connections gave it great military im-\\nportance. Beauregard threw up fortifications in\\nfront of Corinth for fifteen miles. Farmington\\nwas a high point on the east an important out-\\npost. Here occurred the first battle in which\\nPrice s army took part on the east side of the great\\nriver. Other Missourians, however, fought at Shi-\\nloh. General Bowen, of St. Louis, organized the", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "FROM DES ARC TO CORINTH. i2l\\nMissouri First Brigade at Memphis, chiefly of men\\nwho were captured by Lyon at Camp Jackson.\\nBowen s command fought at Shiloh.\\nOn May 8, 1862, General John Pope occupied\\nFarmington. The Confederate generals believed\\nthey could capture Pope s entire command. A\\ncombined attack of the forces under Bragg, Har-\\ndee, Price, and Van Dorn was made on the morn-\\ning of the 9th. Pope contrived to escape with his\\nforces. Three weeks later Beauregard evacuated\\nCorinth and retreated farther south. After the\\nbattle of Farmington, the famous cannon, Old\\nSacramento, ceased to be useful. The life of a\\ncannon is limited to a few hundred shots.\\nBevier quotes a Northern writer of tlie time:\\nThe Confederate strategy since the battle of Shi-\\nloh has been as successful as it has been supe-\\nrior. If the attack at Shiloh was a sur-\\nprise to Grant, the evacuation of Corinth was no\\nless a surprise to General Hal leek.\\nCorinth has been searched in vain for a spiked or\\ndisabled gun. Shame on us! What a clean piece\\nof evacuation it was!\\nThe army fell back to Tupelo. From here the\\nMissouri State Guards, under General Parson, re-\\nturned to the Trans-Mississippi Department, Capt.\\nJo. Shelby and Col. John T. Hughes among them.\\nGeneral Beauregard fell ill and the command of\\nthe Army of the West devolved on General Bragg.\\nIn August General Bragg took his main army\\nby rail to Chattanooga, leaving Price in command\\n9", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "122 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nof the Army of the West, with special instructions\\nto observe Grant at Corinth. Van Dorn was in\\ncommand at Vicksburg. Price and Van Dorn\\nwere independent of each other, and each com-\\nmanded a corps of tAvo strong divisions. Bevier,\\nin this connection, quotes Major-General Dabney\\nH. Maury And just here were developed the bad\\nconsequences of having these two commanders\\npresent in the field without a common superior;\\nfor, had Price been justified in placing his forces\\nunder Van Dorn s command at this time, there is\\nscarcely a doubt that the enemy would have been\\ndriven in a few da^^s entirel} beyond the Tennessee\\nRiver. Then would have followed the reinforce-\\nment of Bragg s arm}^ by the corps of Van Dorn\\nand Price, and without extraordinary misconduct\\nor mischance, the Confederate Army of the Ten-\\nnessee might have crossed the Ohio.\\nAs it was, Price captured luka, wdiere Gen-\\neral Little fell. Nine cannon were captured. A\\ngreat victory over Bosecranz was expected in the\\nmorning. During the night General Grant came.\\nIn a council of war, it was decided to fall back, al-\\nthough Price maintained: We 11 w^ade through\\nhim, sir, in the morning. You ought to have seen\\nhow my boys fought this evening; we drove them\\na mile, sir. On October 3d, Price and Van Dorn\\ninvested Corinth and during that day and the next\\nmade disastrous attempts to take the place.\\nMaury says: At sunset the enemy in front\\nof Price s corps had been driven into the tow^n at", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "FROM DES ARC TO CORINTH. 123\\nevery point along our whole front, and these troops\\nhad established their line close up to Corinth.\\nThe next morning there was a long delay in\\nopening the battle. ^But as soon as we began to\\nhear the rolling fire of musketry on the left, Mau-\\nry s division broke through the screen of timber\\nand into the town, and into the enemy s works.\\nWe broke his center; the Missourians moved in\\nline with us. Within twenty minutes from the\\ntime we began our movement our colors were\\nplanted in triumph upon the ramparts of Oorinth.\\nBut it was a brief triumph, and won at a bloody\\ncost. No charge in the history of the war was\\nmore daring or more bloody.\\nThe w^iole of Price s corps penetrated to the\\ncenter of the town of Corinth, and was in position\\nto swing around and take the enemy s left wing\\nin the rear and flank, for we were 1200 yards in\\nrear of the lines on College Hill, which formed the\\nenemy s left wing,, and against which our right\\nwing, south of the Memphis Charleston Railroad,\\nhad been arrayed. But since ten a. m. of the pre-\\nvious morning our right wing had made no decided\\nadvance or attack upon the enemy in its front, and\\nwhen Eosecranz found his center broken by our\\ncharge, believing the demonstration of our right\\nwing merely a ^feint, he withdrew General Stan-\\nley with a heavy force from his left and threw him\\nagainst us.\\nDisarrayed and torn as our lines were, with\\nmore than one-third of our men down, and with", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "124 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nmany of our best regimental officers killed and\\nwounded, the troops were not ready to meet and\\nrepel the fresh troops that now, in fine array, came\\nupon our right flank from the left of the enemy s\\nworks on College Hill and swept us out of the\\nplace. Our men fell back in disorder, but sul-\\nlenly.\\nWhen, after all was over and the whole of the\\nArmy of the West, now reduced to about 6,000\\nmen, came out of town and into the woods through\\nwhich we had so confidently charged an hour be-\\nfore, generals, colonels, and staff officers in vain\\nendeavored to rally the men. They plodded dog-\\ngedly along toward the road by which we had\\nmarched on the day before, and it was not in any\\nman s power to form them into line. We found\\nGenerals Van Dorn and Price within a few hun-\\ndred yards of the place, sitting on their horses\\nnear each other. Van Dorn looked upon the\\nthousands of men streaming past him with a min-\\ngled expression of sorrow and pity. Old General\\nPrice looked on the disorder of his darling troops\\nwith unmitigated anguish. The big tears coursed\\ndown the old man s bronzed face, and I have never\\nwitnessed such a picture of mute despair and grief\\nas his countenance wore when he looked upon the\\nutter defeat of those magnificent troops. He had\\nnever before known them to fail, and they never\\nhad failed to carry the lines of any enemy in their\\nfront; nor did they ever to the close of their noble\\ncareer at Blakely, on the ninth of April, 1865, fail", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "FROM DES ARC TO CORINTH. 125\\nto defeat the troops before them. I mean no dis-\\nparagement to any troops of the Southern Confed-\\neracy when I say the Missouri troops of the Army of\\nthe West were not surpassed hy any troops in the\\nworld.^^ Maury.\\nBevier closes his quotation as to Corinth with\\nthis paragraph: ^^No commander of the Federal\\narmies evinced more tenacity and skill than did\\nGeneral Eosecranz during this battle. He was\\none of the ablest of the Union generals, and his\\nmoderation and humanity in the conduct of war\\nkept pace with his courage and skill. Our dead\\nreceived from him all the care due brave men who\\nfell in manly warfare, and our wounded and pris-\\noners who fell into his hands attest his soldierly\\ncourtesy.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "126 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nChapter XIIL\\nFROM VICKSBURG TO PEACE.\\nGeneral Price crossed to the Cis-Mississipi: i\\nDepartment with an army of 8,000 Missourians.\\nOnly 800 of these were alive when peace was made,\\nand half of these were languishing sick or wounded\\nin hospitals. Such mortality has never been re-\\ncorded of any other army in all the range of his-\\ntory, ancient, medieval, or modern. These Mis-\\nsourians were always assigned to the chief posts\\nof danger because they were unwavering and of\\nexalted morale. Had General Price, the greatest\\nof Missouri warriors, been placed in chief com-\\nmand of all the forces operating in front of Grant,\\nthe story of Vicksburg might be totally different.\\nPerhaps Grant would not have become com-\\nmander-in-chief of United States armies, nor have\\nreached the presidency. After the disastrous bat-\\ntle of Corinth and the extrication by General Price\\nof the army from the perilous position in which it\\nhad been left by Van Dorn, it fell back to Holly\\nSprings and went into camp near that town. Here\\ntheMissouri command was reorganized. Brigadier\\nGeneral John S. Bowen was transferred with the\\nMissouri First to Price s corps. Several regiments\\nof Arkansans and Missourians were organized into\\na brigade and placed under Colonel Gates. Gen-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "FROM VIGKSBURG TO PEACE.\\n127\\neral Martin Green was given command of the Sec-\\nond Brigade. F. M. Cockrell acted as brigadier\\ngeneral.\\nGenerals Lovell and Tighlman represented to\\nJeff, Davis that Price s urmy was an armed mob,\\nwithout drill or discipline, unsoldierl}^ in appear-\\nance and equipments, and withal a disgrace to the\\nservice. Van Dorn was ordered to review the\\nMissourians and report. In his report to Davis\\nand Price he said: ^I have attended reviews of\\nthe armies of Generals Beauregard, Bragg, Albert\\nSidney and Joseph E. Johnston, and also in the old\\nUnited States service, and T have never seen a finer\\nlooking body of men, nor of more orderly appear-\\nance and efficiency, nor have I ever witnessed bet-\\nter drill or discipline in any army since I have be-\\nlonged to the military service.\\nSoon after this report, but not in consequence\\nof it. Gen. Lovell was relieved of the command of\\nthe Department of Mississippi and East Tennessee\\nby order of President Jeff. Davis. General John\\nC. Pemberton was appointed in his stead. The\\ndisparity between the size of the man and the size\\nof his position was soon apparent. The greatness\\nof Jeff. Davis was not always displayed in his\\nselections of subordinates. The campaign in the\\nMississippi Valley passed from failure to failure\\nin rapid succession under Beauregard, Bragg,\\nHardee, Van Dorn, Lovell, Pemberton, Joe John-\\nston, and Hood.\\nIn January, 1863, General Price visited Rich-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "128 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOVRIANS.\\nmond for the purpose of inducing the Confederate\\nGovernment to sanction his return with his army\\nto Missouri. The interview between General Price\\nand Jeff. Davis was a stormy one. (See biography\\nof Price.) Davis at last consented, reluctantly,\\nthat Price s army of Missourians should return at\\nthe earliest practical date, to be determined by\\nGeneral Bragg, a favorite of Jeff. Davis. General\\nPrice returned to his camp and made a farewell\\nspeech to his devoted followers. He told them\\nthat he had sought and had obtained assignment\\nto the command of the Trans-Mississippi Depart-\\nment, whither he would go at once. The^^ would\\nsoon follow him, he said. Butthe time never came\\nwhen the Missourians could be spared from Missis-\\nsippi and Tennessee and they never marched again\\nunder Price. General Grant now addressed all\\nhis energies and his genius to the apparently hope-\\nless task of reducing Vicksburg. General Steele\\nwas at Helena and the Confederates established\\nthemselves at Grand Gulf. In April, Colonel\\nCockrell crossed the river and led a perilous ex-\\npedition into the SAvamps of Louisiana. Superior\\nskill and energy alone enabled him to get safely\\nback to Grand Gulf. At the battles of Grand\\nGulf, Port Gibson, Champion Hills, and Big Black\\nthe Missourians nobly fought to defend the weak-\\nest side of the great line of w^orks around Vicks-\\nburg. They were led by such wariors as Bowmen,\\nCockrell, Maury, Green, Gates, Erwin, Bevier,\\nGause, and others. The Missouri batteries did", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "FROM YICK8BURG TO PEACE. 129\\ngreat execution and suffered much before Vicks-\\nburg under Colonel Hi Bledsoe, Captains Schuyler\\nLowe, Landis, Guibor, Wash, etc. Some of these\\nbatteries fought at Chattanooga. TheMissourians\\nwere always in the vortex of destruction and their\\nlosses were always heavy. As Grant slowly and\\nsystematically drew his lines nearer to Vicksburg,\\nthe Confederate armies retreated into the inner\\nworks of the doomed city. Colonel Bevier, histo-\\nrian of the First and Second Brigades, says: In\\nthis beleaguered city of many hills the weary and\\nwar-worn, but brave and undismayed Missourians,\\nof Bowen s division, came to a halt after their pro-\\ntracted and toilsome marches and battles, faced\\nto the front and dressed their lines, sadly thinned\\nout, and many a brave fellow missing forever, but\\nstill as correct, prompt, and soldierly in formation\\nas the most exacting martinet could require. The\\nterrible weeks of the siege wore away, and famine\\nand disease invade the doomed city, great allies of\\nthe besiegers.\\nGeneral Martin E. Green and Colonel Eugene\\nErwin were killed while defending the works.\\nFinally, when the last morsels of mule meat and\\ndog meat were in the haversacks. General Cock-\\nrell proposed to lead a charge with his Missourians\\nin an effort to cut through the coils drawn so\\nclosely around them. But the time for fighting\\nhad passed and on the Fourth of July Pemberton\\nsurrendered.\\nPresident Jeff. Davis sent a telegram to Pern-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "130 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\nberton thanking the Missourians for their gal-\\nlantry and the discipline manifested by them in\\nthe campaign just closed, and especially for the\\nprompt succor they rendered, as reserves, to every\\nweak point and to every doubtful position. Soon\\nafter the surrender. General Bowen was taken sick\\nand died.\\nThe Confederates were exchanged. Early in\\nSeptember we find them settling in winter quar-\\nters at Demopolis. Another reorganization was\\nnow necessary. The Missouri army was small and\\nmany regiments were consolidated in order to form\\na few brigades. President Jeff. Davis visited the\\ncamp and complimented the Missourians very\\nhighly.\\nIn the spring of 1864 the Missourians marched\\nto Cassville, Georgia, and became an integral part\\nof General Joseph E. eTohnston s army. Sherman\\nwas pressing toward Atlanta, while Grant in-\\nvested Richmond. Johnston defended Atlanta\\nwith a masterly skill, only second to the skill dis-\\nplayed by Lee in defense of the Confederate capital.\\nSuddenly an order came from Jeff. Davis relieving\\nJohnston of the command of the Army of the Ten-\\nnessee and naming as his successor General Hood.\\nWhen Sherman heard that Hood was in command,\\nhe sprang to his feet and exclaimed: I know\\nthat fellow! Heavy fighting ensued, reckless,\\nmassive, headlong charges by Hood and the ulti-\\nmate fall of Atlanta. Hood swung back to Sher-\\nman s rear, where Sherman most desired him;\\nSherman then began his march to the sea.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "FROM riGKSBURG TO PEACE. 181\\nHood marched to Allatoona, which was un-\\nsuccessfully attacked b^ French s division. Hood\\nnow started on his disastrous expedition to Nash-\\nville. Over muddy roads the army marched to\\nFranklin, defended by General Schofield. Here\\nwas fought a battle, the story of which is as blood-\\ncurdling as any in the annals of the Civil War.\\nThe troops came to the attack most gallantly, car-\\nrying the outer works and in some places the inner\\nworks also. Bevier quotes Anderson: ^^The or-\\nder to advance was general, and the line moved\\nforward with banners streaming and the band of\\nour brigade playing; the movement was executed\\nwith perfect order, and the line, in solid and un-\\nbroken ranks, charged on. A heavy battery from\\na fort some distance in the enemy s rear poured a\\ndestructive fire on our lines as they moved up.\\nTheir infantry did not open upon the brigade until\\nit was within thirty steps of the works, when it\\nwas met b^^ a deadly and terrific fire from troops\\narmed with the seven-shooting Spencer rifle; and\\nhere the slaughter of the remainder of that gallant\\nband of Missourians Avas almost consummated; in\\nless than half a minute most of them went down.\\nOne of the survivors says, Avhen he looked around\\nafter the first shock, there were onl} seven or eight\\nmen of his company standing, and the ranks of the\\nbrigade were proportionately thinned. Our lines\\nwere too weak to carry the works in their front, and\\nthe order was given to fall back; some, however,\\nrushed forward and gained the fortifications, but", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "132 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nwere there, with few exceptions, killed or made\\nprisoners.\\nBevier quotes again: General Oockrell went\\ninto the fight with all the vigor and vim of a Mar-\\nshal Ney. In a few minntes he returned, riding\\nhis wearied horse, severely wounded in both arms\\nand in his leg, and unable to dismount until help\\ncame. The horse of Colonel Gates, which had so\\noften followed Cockrell s over many a weary mile\\nall along the tottering line of the Confederacy,\\nwherever the carnage was the deadliest as if by\\ninstinct, turned and followed him now. His rider\\nwas powerless to guide him, both arms shot\\nthrough and hanging limp by his side. I shall\\nnever forget the steady, calm gaze of this old hero\\nof many a battle-field, as he sat upon his horse,\\nerect as a statute, until I assisted him down and\\nhe and the general were borne from the battle-field\\nthrough a shower of bullets and balls. Bevier\\nnarrates: The unfortunate wounded suffered\\nuntold horrors, many of them remaining on the\\nfield for ten or twelve hours without food or water,\\nin the freezing mud and amid the cries and groans\\nof three thousand suffering and dying fellow mor-\\ntals, and half that time exposed to the plunging\\nshot of both friend and foe.\\nTowards midnight Schofield abandoned the\\nworks and retreated to Nashville, where Thomas\\nlay with the main army.\\nBevier says: When the brigade formed in\\nfront of Franklin, a field report showed present", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "FROM YICKSBURG TO PEACE. ]33\\n687. After the charge, on duty, 240; being a loss\\nof nearly two-thirds, almost equal to that of\\nthe Light Brigade at Balaklava. The battle of\\nFranklin occurred on November 30, 1864.\\nHood marched on to Nashville, where the Mis-\\nsourians performed some skirmish duty, but before\\nthe great disastrous battle was fought, they had\\nbeen sent to obstruct the Tennessee River; they\\nerected a pontoon bridge, over which Hood s for-\\nlorn army escaped south. Bledsoe s battery held\\nback most defiantly the pursuing squadrons. The\\nretreating men marched like a mob. The Missou-\\nrians alone moved erect, soldierly, shoulder to\\nshoulder, with apparently not a single article of\\nequipment lost, with a style and bearing as if they\\nhad never known defeat.\\nThe army -rested at Tuinelo, the camp of two\\nyears before; here Hood was relieved of his com-\\nmand, at his own request. About February 1,\\n1865, the army was ordered to Mobile. En route\\nthe army was joined by Cockrell, still suffering\\nfrom his wounds, and by Colonel Gates, who had\\nlost an arm. The Missourians now numbered\\nabout 400, all that were left of the 8,000, unless we\\ncount some 400 languishing with sickness or\\nwounds.\\nFrom Mobile the worn veterans were soon or-\\ndered to Fort Blakely, whither came General Can-\\nby and besieged the works. On April 9th General\\nLiddil, first in command, and General Cockrell,\\nsecond in command, surrendered. The prisoners", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "134 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nwere taken to Meridian, where, on May 4th, they\\nwere paroled and returned to their homes in\\nMissouri. About 150 Missourians escaped into\\nthe water at Blakely and succeeded in evading\\ncapture.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF INDEPENDENCE. 135\\nChapter XIV,\\nTHE BATTLE OF INDEPENDENCE.\\nThe attack on Independence was made at break\\nof day, with the rush and overwhelming sudden-\\nness of a whirlwind. This battle was properly a\\nprelude to the battle of Lone Jack; more properly a\\npart of it. The battle of Independence greatly ex-\\nasperated the Federals all over the State; it was a\\nportentous renewal of the war in Missouri. Al-\\nthough the battle was planned by Col. Hughes,\\nassisted by Thompson and Hays, the Federal\\nauthorities for the moment charged the disaster\\nto Quantrell, and sent Major Foster out from Lex-\\nington to punish him. Foster came to Lone Jack\\non this mission, and was defeated in one of the\\nhardest battles of the war. After the fearful bat-\\ntle of Pea Ridge in March, the larger part of the\\nState Guards went with Price across the Missis-\\nsippi River. These all took service in the Confed-\\nerate Army, except Parsons infantry which re-\\nturned in a few weeks to the Trans-Mississippi De-\\npartment. Fragments of companies, however,\\nlingered along the Southern outskirts of the State,\\nor in northern Arkansas. In midsummer, 1862,\\nthere seemed to be a spr ntaneous, widespread, but\\ndisconnected movement back into the State.\\nFrom beyond the Mississippi River and out of\\nArkansas came captains, who expected to recruit", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "136 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIAifS.\\nregiments, and colonels who expected to recruit\\nbrigades, and lieutenants and privates who ex-\\npected to raise companies. Among those who\\npassed beyond the Mississippi River and fought at\\nCorinth and then returned were Shelby, Huj^jhes,\\nand Thompson. Among those of the State Guards\\nwho remained in Arkansas were Rains, Cock-\\nrell, GolTee, Jackman, Hunter, Tracy, and Hays.\\nQuantrell remained in the State. The above offi-\\ncers, who were expatriated after the battle of\\nPea Ridge, began to reappear in the State in\\nJuly and August. During their absence the State\\nhad not been wholly given up to undisputed Fed-\\neral control. Missouri had never been without\\nnumerous small commands of State Guards,\\nsquads and companies of guerrillas or other organ-\\nizations of Southern sympathizers. These were\\nabout over the State in independent bands in nu^l-\\nbers ranging from a few scores to several hun-\\ndreds. The Federal sympathizers were organized\\nin equal variety and in greater magnitude. The\\nchief difference between the two classes was this\\nall the Confederate organizations were composed\\nwholly of Missourians; the Federal organizations\\nwere composed of soldiers from Kansas, Iowa, Il-\\nlinois, and Missouri. Such conditions prevailed\\nover the State during the entire period of the war,\\nand rendered the State at all times a fertile field\\nfor recruiting. Such conditions resulted also in\\nfrequent bloody conflicts. General Schofield, Fed-\\neral commander of the Department of Missouri,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF INDEPENDENCE. 137\\nreported over one hundred battles in the State\\nbetween May 1 and September 20, 1862. Dur-\\ning the four years of the Civil War there vrere\\nfought 487 engagements in the State of Missouri,\\nand reported at the War Department at Washing-\\nton, an average of two a week. Virginia alone\\nhad a greater number, over 600.\\nAmong the first, if not the very first, to return\\nafter the dreadful exodus following the battle of\\nPea Ridge, was Colonel Upton Hays. About the\\n1st of eTuly, Colonel Hays came to Quantrell, in\\nHenry County, and remained w^ith his band of\\nninety-six men most of the time until July 10th,\\non which date they fought a battle on Walnut\\nCreek, in the northwest comer of Henry County.\\nBefore QuantrelPs next battle, near Index, Cass\\nCounty, Hays said to Quantrell that he wanted\\nto get back into Jackson County to resume recruit-\\ning, which he had already commenced, and asked\\nQuantrell for a guard of thirty men. Quantrell\\ngave Hays the guard, with Geo. Todd as com-\\nmander. About the 1st of August, 1862, Hayes\\nhad recruited about 150 men at a camp on the\\nCharlie Cowherd farm, near Lee s Summit. The\\ncamp was on the high prairie and a flag was raised\\non a very tall pole to indicate the location of the\\ncamp to all w^ho w^anted to enlist. The flag was\\nplainly visible from the top of the court-house in\\nIndependence.\\nIndependence was a Federal post, commanded\\nby Col. James T. Buel, of the Seventh Missouri\\n10", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "138 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\nCavalry. Buel took command of the Independ-\\nence post on the 7th of June. The troops under\\nhis command consisted of three companies of\\nthe Seventh Missouri Cavalry, two companies of\\nColonel Newgent s battalion, provisional militia,\\ncommanded by Captains Axline and Thomas, and\\na company of the Sixth Ke^iment of militia, com-\\nmanded by Captain W. H. Kodewald, of Independ-\\nence, in all about 500 men. Colonel Buel deter-\\nmined to break up Hays recruiting-camp on the\\nCowherd farm, a very proper military step for him\\nto take. Accordingly he sent to Burris at Kansas\\nCity and to Colonel Huston at Lexington to send\\nhim some reinforcements. On Sunday, August\\n10th, Colonel Buel gathered up all the firearms in\\nthe hands of the private citizens of Independence.\\nHis object was to ^^prevent a fire in the rear, he\\nsaid. From this it is evident that he meditated an\\nimmediate attack on the camp at the Cowherd\\nfarm. Meantime, Cols. Hughes and Thompson had\\narrived at Hays camp with about seventy-five\\nmen. Colonel Hughes was on his way to his old\\nhome in Clinton County, north of the river. He\\nwas recruiting a brigade, and Hays, we may sur-\\nmise, would have taken his regiment into Hughes\\nbrigade. On the night of August 10th Quantrell\\nwho had been nursing a wounded leg, arrived at\\nthe camp with twenty-five men. The little army\\nat the Cowherd farm now amounted to 250 men.\\nThey had only two rounds of ammunition each, not\\nenough to enable them to resist the contemplated", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "fHE BATTLE OF INDEPENDENCE. I39\\nattack by BuePs well-armed and superior force.\\nThe leaders decided, therefore, to attack and if pos-\\nsible capture Buel at Independence before he could\\nattack them and before he should be reinforced,\\nthus securing their own safety and providing them-\\nselves with ammunition. Acting Brigadier-Gen-\\neral John T. Hughes was to have command of the\\nventure.\\nThere was no free interchange of visits between\\nIndependence and the camp. No one could leave\\nIndependence without a passport from Colonel\\nBuel. All the roads were carefully guarded. Not-\\nwithstanding, the leaders at the camp were\\nthoroughly informed as to Buel s plans and the ex-\\nact location of Buel s troops, his headquarters, his\\ncommissary stores, the size of his force and the\\nnumber of Southern men confined in jail. Their\\ninformation was full and explicit. Buel s forces\\nwere not disposed with any view to resisting an\\nattack. Headquarters were in the McCoy build-\\ning, near the public square, on West Lexington\\nStreet. On the opposite side of the street and a\\nlittle further down Captain Rodewald was quar-\\ntered with a company in the building now occupied\\nas a station by the Metropolitan Street Railway\\nCompany. At the county jail on North Main\\nStreet, and at the commissary store near it, were\\nstationed about twenty-five men under Lieutenant\\nMeryhew. The balance of the soldiers were living\\nin tents between Union and Pleasant Streets, south\\nof Lexington Street, and were nearly half a mile", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "140 BATTLES AND BIOQBAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nfrom headquarters. Buel had about 500 men and\\nthey were all present at the beginning of the bat-\\ntle. The old citizens of Independence, such men\\nas Judge James Peacock and L. M. Sea, have told\\nme that the Southern sympathizers knew on Sun-\\nday evening that an attack would in all proba-\\nbility be made at daylight next morning. Buel\\nought to have known the imminence of his danger;\\nbut he was over-confident. He heard alarming\\nrumors, but such rumors were common and easily\\ncreated at any time by a few guerrillas riding\\nthrough the countr^^ He had groAvn accustomed\\nto rumors. The recruiting-camp had no terror for\\nhim; those composing it had no arms, no organiza-\\ntion, and were few in numbers. The idea of an\\nattack from them was simply preposterous. The\\ncoming of Confederates from the South was not\\nsuspected by any Federal commander in Missouri.\\nAbout four o clock on Monday morning the dis-\\ncharge of a gun broke the stillness of morning in\\nIndependence. Those who the evening before had\\nreceived intimation of what might occur were\\ninstantly awake. Perfect quiet followed; maybe\\nthe gun was an accident; then nearer a volley broke\\nout, accomiDanied by loud yelling; then a fusillade\\nand the battle had opened and the whole town was\\naroused. The attacking army came in on Spring r\\nStreet. Captain Hart, of St. Joseph, was at the\\nhead of the column which was approaching the\\npublic square, on East Maple Avenue. The Federal\\nguard at the jail fired and Captain Hart fell, mor-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF INDEPENDENCE. 141\\ntally wounded, the first of a long list of fatalities\\namong officers that day. The little army now\\ndashed up to the square and rode to the south side,\\nwhere Quantrell formed his men hastily into\\nplatoons. Colonel Hughes had required of Quan-\\ntrell but two duties, namely: (1) to pilot the com-\\nmand safely to Independence; (2) and to cut off\\nBuel from his regiment and hold him away, and\\nHughes would do the balance. Quantrell went\\npast BuePs headquarters at full run, Hughes and\\nThompson following. Rodewald s guard fired into\\nthe passing troops and Kit Chiles fell dead in the\\nstreet, but no halt was made until the Confederates\\nran into the Federal encampment. The first vol-\\nley was deliA^ered with terrible effect upon the\\nFederals sleeping in their tents. Captain Breck-\\nenridge exclaimed: Boys, we are surrounded\\nand we had better surrender, but Captain Axline\\ncalled out in a loud voice Boys, rally behind the\\nrock fence. Axline s order was obeyed. The\\ntents were abandoned and the battle at once as-\\nsumed the form of a regular siege and defense. At\\nalmost the first Federal volley Colonel Hughes was\\nshot in the forehead and died instantly. Colonel\\nHays assumed command and for four or five hours\\nthe fighting was incessant. Five times Hays led\\nhis command against that impregnable rock fence\\nand five times lie was beaten back. Colonel Gid.\\nThompson was badly wounded in the leg and\\nhe turned his command over to Captain Bohanon.\\nColonel Hays was wounded in the knee, but con-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "142 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIANS.\\ntinued in the fight. Mortality among the officers\\nwas heavy. The Confederate officers who fell\\nwere: Colonels Hughes and Boyd; Major Wortle\\nand Major Hart, alread}^ mentioned; Captain\\nChambers, of Independence; Captains Brown and\\nClark; and Lieutenants Jones and Johnson. The\\nFederals were well protected, but both sides suf-\\nfered. There was no dearth of courage on either\\nside. The Federals might have escaped to Kan-\\nsas City at any time. The rock fence extended for\\nhalf a mile westward. Captain Axline ordered\\nLieutenant Herrington to take forty men and re-\\nport to Buel at headquarters. Herrington went\\nstraight to John McCoy s house in the northwest\\npart of town, from which a few shots were fired at\\na little squad of Quantreirs men, who twitted them\\nfor being poor marksmen. Herrington and his\\nforty men then retreated in safety to Kansas City.\\nThe men behind the rock fence could see BuePs\\nfiag floating over headquarters. Finally a mes-\\nsenger arrived with orders to surrender.\\nAfter QuantrelPs men had done the parts as-\\nsigned them, they scattered over town in squads\\nof three to five. They were among many of their\\nfriends in Independence.\\nWhen a squad of QuantrelPs men arrived at\\nthe jail about 9 o clock, they found that Lieutenant\\nMeryhew with fifteen or twenty men had gone up\\nNorth Main Street immediately after Major Hart\\nhad been killed. These escaped to Kansas City.\\nCaptain Wm. H. Gregg took possession of the jail,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF INDEPENDENCE. 143\\nand, being the strongest man in his squad, he took\\na sledge-hammer and broke the locks on the cell\\ndoors. A number of Southern men were released\\nand also a few Federal inmates. James Knowles\\nwas in jail for killing a Southern man. He was\\nshot and his cell was not molested. Meantime\\nBuel was beleaguered in the bank building by\\nsharp-shooters. Captain Eodewald had repaired\\nto BuePs headquarters with his company. The win-\\ndows of the building were used as port-holes when-\\never they could be used at all. The Confederates\\nkept up a steady fire at the windows, but Buel was\\nnot suffering and he showed no disposition to sur-\\nrender. The besiegers held a consultation. Quan-\\ntrell said to Hays: Give me thirty men and\\nplenty of guns and ammunition and I will take\\nBuel out of that bank. In twenty minutes Buel\\nsurrendered. Quantrell took position in the\\nbuilding across the street near where the First\\nNational Bank now stands, shooting over the roof\\nof a low building, beside BueFs building. A fire\\nwas started by the side of this low building; the\\nbullets were sent like hail into Buel s windows. A\\nwhite flag was raised and Buel asked for a parley.\\nHe surrendered unconditionally and sent a mes-\\nsenger to his troops under Axline to surrender.\\nThe battle lasted for more than five hours.\\nNotes.\\nBuel had made unnecessary boasts as to the\\nmanner in which he would deal with Quantrell\\nshould he ever meet the guerrilla chief. Perhaps", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "144 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nfor this reason Quantrell was sent into the bank\\nbuilding to receive BuePs surrender. Quantrell\\ntreated his prisoner with great magnanimity.\\nThis fact, couj^led with the fact that Buel had\\nmade a poor defense of Independence, caused the\\nFederal authorities to have Buel put under arrest\\nfor betraying the post into the hands of Quantrell.\\nBuel, however, was acquitted, as he should have\\nbeen. Colonel Gideon Thompson, though severely\\nwounded, paroled the prisoners. Colonel Thomp-\\nson was the senior officer of the command.\\nThe number of killed was between thirty and\\nforty on each side. Britton says: After gather-\\ning up the captured property, such as they did not\\nburn, the Confederate forces marched out of Inde-\\npendence, in the direction of Blue Springs, about\\nfive o clock in the afternoon. The arms, ammuni-\\ntion, quartermaster, and commissary stores cap-\\ntured made a train of fifteen to twenty wagons.\\nThe ordnance and quartermaster\\\\s stores were\\nmuch needed b}^ the Confederates to arm and equip\\nnew recruits.\\nAfter the battle, Wm. Hallar and Captain\\nBreckenridge, who had fought each other fre-\\nquently during the summer, were in conversation\\nwhen a man rode along on Breckenridge s fine\\nhorse. Breckenridge called to the man and made\\nhim dismount, saying he wanted Bill Hallar to\\nhave that horse. Upon hearing this, the soldier\\nyielded the animal willingly.\\nAfter QuantrelPs men had accomplished the", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF INDEPENDENCE. I45\\nwork at the jail, they moved up to the commissary\\ndepartment, first door south of the Commercial\\nHotel. Here they captured Captain Thomas, who\\nhad waylaid Geo. Todd, John Little, and Ed Koger\\nat a crossing on the Little Blue. Koger and Little\\nwere killed, but Todd escaped unhurt out of the\\nvery clutches of the Federals. Todd now asked\\nThomas if he was in command of the waylaying\\nparty, and Thomas acknowledged that the charge\\nwas true. Todd at once ordered Thomas upstairs,\\nwhere he was loaded with about 200 pounds of\\nbacon and flour, which Todd said had been taken\\nfrom the farmers of Jackson County. On reach-\\ning the street, an excited Confederate soldier came\\nfrom the battle around BueFs headquarters with\\nthe report that the fight was to be abandoned.\\nThere was nd time to be lost A prominent fol-\\nlower of Quantrell promptly shot Thomas down,\\nwhereupon Todd was greatly offended, as he felt\\nentitled to do the killing himself out of revenge\\nfor the waylaying episode.\\nW. L. Bryant, a prominent citizen of Inde-\\npendence, Mo., who was quite a young man at the\\ntime of the battle, relates an interesting conver-\\nsation which he at the time heard between Colonel\\nBuel and Cole Younger. The two were discussing\\nthe events of the day. Younger said: Colonel\\nBuel, did you put yonr head around the corner of\\nthat building yonder during the fight? Buel re-\\nplied Yes. I came there to look over the battle-\\nfield, but remained only a moment It was too hot", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "146 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880UR1ANS.\\nfor me. Younger continued I shot at your head\\nwith this revolver. Come and see how narrowly\\nyou escaped. The}^ proceeded to the northwest\\ncorner of the bank building, where Younger\\npointed to a bullet-mark on the brick wall. The\\nbullet struck scarcely an inch from BueFs head.\\nThe mark is still plainly visible. Bullet-holes are\\nnumerous about the second story at the northeast\\ncorner of the building; they are visible to this day.\\nBritton says: The paroled Federal prisoners\\nstayed in Independence several days after the bat-\\ntle, gathering up and taking care of the wounded\\nof both sides and burying the dead. During all\\nthis time no Federal troops from any quarter came\\nin, and on the morning of the third day Colonel\\nBuel, with his officers and enlisted men, somewhat\\nover 150 in number, started on foot for Kansas\\nCity and Leavenworth to be exchanged. Of the\\n150 paroled, 90 belonged to Rodewald s comj)any.\\nTherefore, only 60 Federals surrendered at the\\nrock fence. What became of the balance of Buel s\\narmy? They escaped to Kansas City. They be-\\nlieved Quantrell was in command of the attacking\\nforce, and they believed he would have them all\\nshot if they surrendered. The rock fence extended\\nfrom the battle-field to where Lexington Street\\ncrosses the Missouri Pacific Kailroad, half a mile\\naway. Two hundred and fifty Federals passed\\ndown this fence, and escaped to Kansas City.\\nFor other particulars, see biographies of Colo-\\nnel Thompson and Major Vivian.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. 147\\nChapter XV.\\nTHE BATTLE OF LONE JACK.\\nCowards die many times before their deaths;\\nThe valiant never taste of death but once.\\nOf all the wonders that I yet have heard,\\nIt seems to me most strange that men should fear.\\nShakespeare.\\nThe yearly course, that brings this day about,\\nShall never see it but a holiday.\\nShakespeare.\\nThis notable engagement may be accounted as\\na type of all the battles of the Civil War. The\\nstory of the Lone Jack battle is told whenever any\\naction of the war is recounted. This battle was\\nthe culmination of a raid, and thus foreshadowed\\nAntietam, Gettysburg, and Westport. It is fur-\\nther typical in the firmness of its ]*eld on the mem-\\nory of men. The yearly course that brings this\\nday about brings indeed a holiday. Thousands\\nof people meet annually on the 16th of August,\\nnear the noble shaft, standing guard over the\\nbrave who fell in battle on that heroic day. The\\nkeeping of a day is the true, the enduring monu-\\nment of any event. Our Declaration of Independ-\\nence has no monument, needs no monument but\\nthe Fourth of July. We celebrate the birth of our\\nSavior with one day in the year and His resurrec-\\ntion with one day in the week. The battle of Lone\\nJack was fought on the great national issues of", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "148 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURI AN S.\\nthe day. There were no Kansans at this battle;\\nthe troops were Missourians on both sides and they\\nrepresented American manhood. They fought to\\nsettle great national questions and were unmoved\\nby local animosities. The noblest side of our hu-\\nman nature was revealed at Lone Jack in the earn-\\nestness of death. There is no hypocrisy in a bat-\\ntle. Our liberties are safe forever, if from genera-\\ntion to generation and forever shall be cherished\\nand held dear the sacrifices and achievements of\\nsuch men as fought at Lone Jack.\\nThe movement culminating in tliis battle be-\\ngafn in Arkansas at Frog Bayou, near Van Buren,\\nwhence had departed, early in the spring, such of\\nPrice s army as made records beyond the Missis-\\nsippi. Those who did not cross the Mississippi re-\\nmained here under General Eains, who hoped the\\nsummer would not wane before recruits came\\ndown from Missouri. But Colonels J. V. Cockrell,\\nS. D. Jackman, D. O. Hunter, and others of the\\nState Guards, under Eains, found that their com-\\nmands could not be brought up to regimental\\nstandards without more abundant recruits than\\nwere likely to arrive during Mie fall, and these\\ncould be secured only by an invasion of Missouri.\\nGeneral Eains assigned the command of the\\nexpedition to Colonel Yard Cockrell, with instruc-\\ntions to penetrate the State as far as he could, but\\nnot to sink the command.\\nThe matchless Jo. Shelby, then a captain, just\\nreturned from Corinth, whither he had gone with", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "TEE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. 14g\\nPrice after Pea Kidge, was placed at the front with\\nhis company of seventy gallant, daring men.\\nMarching orders were issued August 1, 1862, and\\nthe boys joyfully turned their faces toward Mis-\\nsouri. They were tatterdemalians in appearance;\\nthe}^ were poorly mounted; some had bridles of\\nrope or bark; many rode bareback or on sheep-\\nskins or blankets. Had they depended on the\\ngraces, the equipments and soldierly appearance\\nof their ranks for the attraction of recruits, the\\nexpedition had been doomed to failure. But if\\ndash and daring and perfect morale counted for\\nanything, they might hope for great results. As\\nto clothing and horses and accouterments, these\\nmi gilt be captured from the Federals in Missouri.\\nThis part of their programme was not the least of\\ntheir purpose nor the least of their accomplish-\\nment. General Jackman described the outfit as\\nthe most laughable and amusing body of cavalry\\nimaginable to start out on a recruiting and killing\\nexpedition, when those who were to be killed were\\nthe best mounted and best armed men in the\\nworld, and backed by the strongest Government\\nin the world.\\nAs Cockrell marched up from the South with\\nhis expedition, his ranks were swelled by the ad-\\ndition of companies, squads, and individuals. In\\nButler County the gallant Colonel Coffee, of the\\nState Guards, and Colonel Tracy, of the Confeder-\\nate Army, joined him with their commands.. The\\ntime was opportune for invasions of the State,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "150 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OE MI880URIANS.\\nand many fragmentary commands were coming up\\nfrom the South to get recruits. H. R. Gamble,\\nprovisional governor of the State, was at this mo-\\nment enforcing his famous order requiring all men\\nof military age to join the State militia or Home\\nGuards. This order sent thousands of men into\\nthe woods, all of whom were anxious to reach the\\nSouthern Army. Recruiting-camps were popular\\nresorts and CockrelPs standard was everywhere\\nwelcomed.\\nOn the night of August 14th the army camped\\nin Johnson County. Captain Shelby dashed away\\nwith his company into Lafayette County, where his\\nhome was and where were the homes of his men.\\nShelby was acting by orders of the Confederate\\nGovernment. He was not subject to the orders\\nof Cockrell, except voluntarily. Shelby s purpose\\nw^as to raise a regiment at his old home. Thus it\\nhappened that Shelby was not at the battle of\\nLone Jack. Colonel Cockrell turned the command\\nover to Colonel Hunter and proceeded toward his\\nhome at Warrensburg. On the morning of the\\n15th Hunter moved early and marched all day to\\nward the northwest. At night he had arrived in\\ntlie neighborhood of Lone Jack. Colonels Coffee\\nand Tracy, who were independent of Colonel Cock-\\nrell and of each other, camped to themselves. Tracy\\nstopped two miles southeast of Lone Jack and\\nwent into camp with his men on the Dave Arnold\\nfarm. Coffee went into camp with his force at the\\nGraham farm, half a mile southw^est of Lone Jack.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "TEE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. 151\\nHunter proceeded through the village and went\\non three miles and a half further and camped on\\nthe George Kreeger farm.\\nBefore Cockrell reached his home, and when\\nalmost in sight of it, he learned that a large bod^^\\nof Federals, probably Colonel Warren s Iowa\\ntroops from the post at Clinton, was moving in the\\ndirection his army had gone. He hurried toward\\nhis command and arrived at Hunter s camp that\\nnight.\\nNever had an army been in greater peril than\\nnow threatened the little army scattered around\\nLone Jack. Warren was coming up from the\\nsoutheast with 800 men; Blunt with 1500 was\\ncoming up from Fort Scott and was near at hand\\non the southwest; Major Foster had already ar-\\nrived and was bivouacked on the streets of Lone\\nJack; from the northwest an unknoAvn number of\\nKansans under Burris and Eansom were pouring\\ndown to avenge the capture of Buel at Independ-\\nence on the 11th inst. Colonel Cockrell had no\\nartillery; he expected no reinforcements except\\nfrom HaySj although Quantrell was near by, had\\nhe but known where to find him; he had but slight\\nauthority over the men about him no authority\\nover part of them; he had but one wagon contain-\\ning a small amount of ammunition, and he w^as\\nheavily encumbered with unarmed recruits.\\nThe western terminus of the Missouri Pacific\\nKailroad was at Sedalia. From that point Major\\nEmory S. Foster marched on the 13th with a con-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "152 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nsiderable force across the country to Lexington,\\nthen in command of Colonel Huston. At mid-\\nnight of the 14th Foster was informed by wire\\nfrom General Totten at Jefferson City that he had\\nbeen selected to operate against the rebels sup-\\nposed to be near Lone Jack under Hays and\\nQuantrell. The presence of Cockrell, Hunter, and\\nTracy was unsuspected. On the 15th, a dry, hot\\nday, two armies, ignorant of each other s exist-\\nence, made a long, fatiguing march, approaching\\neach other at right angles at Lone Jack Foster s\\narmy from Lexington and CockrelPs army from\\nJohnson County. That night, a beautiful moon-\\nlit night, the Federals lay, in the streets of the lit-\\ntle village with their two cannon in their midst,\\nand rested a ]3relude to the final rest for many.\\nBefore the moon was up the rim of Coffee s\\nforce was touched by the rim of Foster s. Some\\nshots were exchanged; Foster discharged his can-\\nnon at Coffee s rapidly retreating columns. The\\nmen at Hunter s and at Tracy s camps heard the\\ncannon s opening roar and were thus rudely ap-\\nprised of the presence of Federals in the neighbor-\\nhood. Foster would have fared better the next\\nday had he refrained from firing his cannon that\\nnight. Those premature shots lost him the battle\\nand lost him his cannon. The boom of artillery\\nwas a timely and fortuitous announcement to\\nTracy and Hunter of impending danger. Cockrell\\nhad arrived by this time and he supposed the can-\\nnon belonf]fed to Warren s command from Clinton.\\n1", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. 153\\nTracy broke camp precipitately and making a wide\\ndetonr arrived during the night at Hunter s camp.\\nCoffee disappeared in the darkness and did not re-\\nturn until after the battle next day. Cockrell was\\ninformed by the citizens that Captain Geo. Webb\\nand Dr. Winfrey, of Lone Jack, had been organ-\\nizing a company during the week at the Ingram\\nfarm, within a mile of Hunter s camp, and that\\nthey had recently gone westward to join Hays.\\nCockrell dispatched two swift horsemen to\\nfind Hays. Upon the arrival of Colonel Tracy,\\nCockrell called a council of war. The officers de-\\nbated whether it were wiser to steal away that\\nnight in safety to the southward, or fight. The\\ndebate was short; they would fight. Hays and\\nCoffee might come, or might not The Federals\\nin Lone Jack were evidently more than a mere\\nscout; the artillery proclaimed that. Cockrell,\\nJackman, Tracy, Hunter, these determined to\\nmake the attack at daylight next morning on\\nwhatever force might lay before them. It was a\\nbold resolve.\\nAfter the battle of Independence, Colonel\\nHays succeeded to the command of all the sol-\\ndiers who came up from the south with Hughes.\\nColonel Gid. Thompson was their rightful com-\\nmander after Hughes fell, but Thompson was suf-\\nfering from a wound in the leg received at In-\\ndependence and was unfit for duty. Captain\\nBohanon acted in Thompson s place. Colonel\\nHa3^s was camped on the Harbaugh farm, twelve\\n11", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "154 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\nmiles northwest of Lone Jack. Toward midnight\\nCockrelTs messengers arrived witli news that\\nthe Federals were in Lone Jack. The news was\\nenongh. Ha3 s roused his sleeping men and or-\\ndered them to mount. The compan}^ recruited by\\nWebb and Winfrey had not been organized, but\\nmany of the men lived in the neighborhood of Lone\\nJack, and this company was placed at the front. A\\nrapid march was made to Hunter s camp. When\\nHays arrived with his command at the lane lead-\\ning up to the Kreeger farm, he found Cockrell\\nand Tracy on their horses waiting in the road.\\nA brief consultation was held. The night was\\nwaning. Cockrell sent orders up to the camp for\\nHunter to rouse his men quietly and to put his\\ncolumns in motion for Lone Jack. As tlie leadeis\\nrode forward they conferred together, and by the\\ntime they reached Noel s farm the plan of battle\\nand the disposition of the forces had been agreed\\nupon. They would dismount for the battle and\\napproach the Federals stealthily and take them\\nby surprise. Captain David Shanks, of Hays com-\\nmand, who was familiar Avith the topogra])hy of\\nthe region, was to remain mounted and with forty\\nmen was to ride around north and east to the rear\\nof the Federal camp, and was instructed to bring\\non the battle and cut off retreat. In the confu-\\nsion among the Federals, occasioned by Shanks\\nfeint on the east of their camp, the main attack\\nwould be instantly made by those lying ready on\\nthe west of their camp. Hunter was to hold the", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. I55\\nextreme right, Trac}^ the center, and Hays the\\nleft. Jackman was at the right of Hays. The\\nplan of battle was a good one. The leaders ex-\\npected to repeat w^hat had been done at Independ-\\nence five days since. Before day the Kebel forces\\nmoved forward en masse to the Anderson Long\\ngrove, a mile from the Federal camp. The men\\ndismounted. The companies were arranged for\\nthe fight. Six rounds of ammunition were doled\\nout gingerly from the ammunition w^agon to those\\nwith arms, about 1100 men out of possibly 1800\\nor more present.\\nStealthily, lynx-like, in the dark before dawn,\\nthese reapers of death crept into the weed-grown\\nfield adjoining the battle-ground. They came into\\nposition and stood for a moment expectant, alert\\nin the gray dawn. There was tragedy, mysterious\\nand inscrutable, froAvning darkly along that irreg-\\nular, almost haphazard line of squirrel rifles and\\nshot-guns, weapons come for the first time from\\nthe gentle chase of the woods to the stern, bitter\\nchase of men. These young soldiers, with young\\nwives at home or girlish sweethearts betrothed,\\nwere fitter to build a shrine than to write a chap-\\nter on the bloody pages of history; they did both\\nthat day. A few veterans were among them, some\\nwho had gone out the summer before with Price\\nand some had been with Doniphan in Mexico.\\nThese veterans had been face to face with death\\nin all its forms and the mystery of dissolution no\\nlonger appalled or terrified. Death was accepted", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "156 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIAN8.\\nas a fatality and was neither courted nor shunned.\\nSomewhere down the Coufederate line a gun\\nwas discharged by accident; in an instant the Fed-\\nerals were in motion. It was well for them. In\\na moment the attack was made; in a moment the\\nattack was met Here they fought it out in a\\ndeadly grapple; for five hours the awful, awful\\nwork went on. There were 1000 or 1200 Federals\\nin the street. On the east side of the street was a\\nbois d arc fence, except where a long blacksmith\\nshop stood. On the west side of the street were a\\nfew store buildings, residences, a hotel and some\\nother buildings. Back of these buildings were\\ngarden plats, barns, and plank and rail fences sep-\\narating the town property from the farm land,\\novergrown with high weeds and scattered patches\\nof corn. Over this farm land the attacking party\\nmoved cautiously and drew near the Federal camp\\nunobserved. A painful halt was made; daylight\\nwas broadening and Shanks had not brought on\\nthe fight The plan of battle was disconcerted.\\nThe men were nervous and one man accidentally\\ndischarged his gun. The Federals were aroused\\nand could be heard stiiTing in excitement and\\nalarm. Their bugle sounded to arjns. The time\\nfor tlie attack liad come; the time for the surprise\\nhad passed. A wild forward rush brought the\\nRebels to the fences in rear of the buildings. A\\nperfect rain of lead now interchanged across the\\nforty or sixty yards of space between buildings\\nand rear fences. The battle was on in full blast", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. 157\\nColonel Hays, with the unerring instinct of a\\ngreat soldier, formed his 400 in line at a point\\nmost advantageous for exploits startling and\\nheroic. Just in front of these brave 400 was the\\nFederal battery of two guns planted to enfilade\\nthe street. Around the battery the Federals were\\nmassing in some confusion, leading horses forth\\nand keeping up a desultory firing at Hays men\\nas the latter moved nearer. Colonel Hays, always\\ncool, observant, of ready perception, noted that\\nthe Federals were beginning to shield themselves\\nbehind their horses and were firing from the sad-\\ndle-bows. Then he gave a command, piteous in\\nits execution, the first command and perhaps the\\nlast of the day, for this was the privates battle.\\nHe called to his men above the roar of the con-\\nflict: Shoot the horses. For many minutes\\nmore horses fell than men. The poor animals,\\nwounded and dying, groaned piteously. The two-\\ncannon battery was not idle. These vicious instru-\\nments of death manifested their horrible capa-\\nbilities by frightful roar and smoke. Take the\\nbattery! the cry ran along Hays line. Captain\\nMart Rider, Captain Halloway, and Captains Webb\\nand Winfrey dashel across the street with their\\ncompanies and captured the battery in a hand-to-\\nhand melee. Here the captors stood and fought\\nand were not reinforced. A number of brave men\\nfell in this first contest over the battery. In the\\nexcitement and enthusiasm of this momentary but\\ndearly bought success, a young man leaped on one", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "158 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nof the guns aud, swiiigiug his hat over his head,\\nshouted: Hurrah for Jeff. Davis! Before the\\necho of his voice came back, his soul was speeding\\naway to eternity. The routed Federals returned\\nin a heavy charge and retook the battery, driving\\nHays men to right and left, a part falling back\\nto the line of their comrades across the street and\\na part taking shelter behind the hedge on the east\\nside of the street. Colonel Hays and Captain\\nWebb were the officers behind the hedge. In a few\\nminutes Captain Long, with a company of Federal\\ncavalry, appeared in the standing corn east of the\\nhedge and a short but terrific fusillade occurred.\\nThis was hardly noticeable, however, along the\\nstreet where the battle was raging as if the Pluto-\\nnian regions had sent internal fires to harass the\\nearth and to destroy the lives of men. On the west\\nside of the street a s])ontaneous and well-nigh uni-\\nversal impulse is gathering head to capture that\\ndeadly battery again. It is evident that Hays\\nmen will now have support from many parts of the\\nfield. The men move forward in a more sullen and\\ndesperate temper than before. The Federals see\\nthe storm coming and draw closer about the guns.\\nFor a moment there is a lull, not quite a silence,\\nthen the wild and frantic charge. Confederates and\\nFederals mingling, clubbing with guns, shouting,\\ncursing, men falling and dying; the Federals give\\nback almost in a moment and the guns are again\\nin Confederate hands. But they were not long\\nretained by their new masters. The Confederate", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. I59\\nforces were beaten back with heavy loss and in\\ngreat confusion. Captain Winfrey had now about\\none hundred men, only five of Avhoni were of his\\nold company. These five were Alvis Noel, Jas. AV.\\nNoel, Dave Adams, Jacob Adams, and Wm. Lewis.\\nOne of Hunter s men carried the flag over Win-\\nfrey s comj^any. Other companies were equally\\ndisarranged and disorganized. The battle was\\nraging from one end of the little town to the other.\\nCaptain Winfrey, whose home was here, led his\\ncompany in a charge against the Federals in his\\nown house and drove them from it and from his\\ndrug store adjoining his dwelling. From the up-\\nper windows of the hotel Foster s fine riflemen\\npoured out a deadly, ceaseless fire on the Confed-\\nerates crouching behind fences, outbuildings and\\nwhatever would afford shelter or concealment.\\nColonel Hays rode up the line on a black horse, the\\nhorse from which he was shot at Newtonia, and\\nordered the hotel to be set on fire. Two or three\\nsoldiers went forAvard crept forward, gathering\\ncombustibles as they went. In a few minutes the\\nbuilding was in flames. It was a holocaust. The\\ncharred bodies of one or two men and a horse were\\ndiscovered in the embers after the battle. Mrs.\\nBart Cave, hostess of the hotel, fled throngh the\\nConfederate lines with her two small children and\\nlay down for safety in the standing corn. Before\\nthe battle was over her babe muttered and cried.\\nShe rose on her elbow to give it attention and a\\nball penetrated her breast. She died two weeks", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "160 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nafter. South of the hotel was a large barn, which\\nthe Confederates captured from the Federals. A\\nnumber of wounded Federals were calling for\\nwater. They were supplied from the well in the\\nbarn. Captain Long, Major Foster s favorite, lay\\nthere, wounded through the body, and but one\\nlimb unbroken. He said: I have done my best,\\nbut it is all over with me.- A Confederate placed\\na blanket beneath his head and gave him water.\\nThe Confederates fired with such vigor and accu-\\nracy from this barn as to draAV upon them the at-\\ntention of the battery in the street. Cannon-ball\\nafter cannon-ball ripped with great clatter througb\\nthe clapboard siding. How many times the Fed-\\neral battery changed masters that day will never\\nbe known. The cannon were responsible for the\\nbitterest and bloodiest contests. Major Foster,\\nwho was wounded in the battle and fell into the\\nhands of the Confederates, wrote many years after\\nthe battle:\\nSergeant Scott handles his guns magnifi-\\ncently. With nothing but round shot, he finds\\nround shot amply sufficient. Ball after ball,\\nwith unerring deadly aim, plunges through the\\nhotel, through the houses to the north and south\\nof it. Wherever a Confederate fusillade bursts\\nfrom a window, a cannon-ball crashes.\\nAt half past six the engagement has become\\ngeneral. The Confederates^ facing eastward, fight\\nwith the August morning sun full in their eyes\\na serious disadvantage. But this is not so serious,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. 161\\nas they are armed with shot-guns, good to kill at\\nshort range, even without accurate aim. This ac-\\ncounts for the fact so often noted of this engage-\\nment there was no skirmishing at long range at\\nLone Jack. The bloody work went on full five\\nhours across a street only sixty feet in width\\nwhen it was not a hand-to-hand encounter. There\\nwas not a cloud in the sky and the heat was ter-\\nrible.\\nSuch a combat is full of incidents. There was\\nhere no swaying back and forth before each other\\nof uncertain, wavering lines. From seven o clock\\ntill ten the opposing forces, like two wrestling ath-\\nletes, held each other in a horrible embrace, each\\nstriving for advantage, neither seizing it.\\nIn such a struggle soldiers become their own\\nofficers and seek adventure on their own account.\\nA bunch of weeds becomes the hiding-place of a\\nsharp-shooter, who makes the affair a personal\\nmatter. A convenient shed conceals bloody men\\nwaiting eagerly for opportunity to kill. A face at\\na window is a signal for a shower of balls. A few\\nhours of such fighting bleeds the opposing forces\\nterribly. The final result of such a contest is only\\npostponed, not in anyway rendered uncertain.\\nThat force will yield which first bleeds to death or\\nloses the power to bleed the other.\\nAbout ten o clock the deadly fire of the Con-\\nfederate sharp-shooters posted in a small log\\nhouse, some distance north of our center, greatly\\nharassed our right. To make the artillery effect-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "162 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0VRIAN8.\\nive against the house it must be dragged into the\\nstreet and there served. Sergeant Scott will do it.\\nCaptain Brawner will support him with his rifle-\\nmen. While preparation is making for this, the\\nroar of shot-guns on our front seems to decrease,\\nalmost to cease. Are they out of ammunition?\\nSuddenly a man on horseback rides among the\\nmen behind the houses west of the street, distrib-\\nuting cartridges from a basket, escaping unhurt.\\nThe Federals gave him a rousing cheer in recogni-\\ntion of his nerve. He was a good one.\\nMajor Foster narrates the final struggle over\\nthe guns, as follows: We fall upon the Rebels in\\nthe middle of the street and struggle with them for\\nthe guns. The carnage here is frightful. In less\\ntime than is required for the telling of it, the sixty\\nFederals are forty, and of these all but a dozen are\\ndisabled. Captain Long is mortally wounded.\\nLieutenant Rodgers is sorely hurt. Others lie in\\nheaps dead and dying. My brother and I, with\\nten others, remain unhurt and the guns are in our\\nhands. We seize them and drag them eastw^ard\\ntoward the shop.\\nBoth sides momentarily expected reinforce-\\nments during all the terrible morning. So nearly\\nequal were the contending forces that any rein-\\nforcement to either side would have brought vic-\\ntory on its banners. Major Foster says: About\\nhalf past nine a force of perhaps 200 men appeared\\nnear a mile south of us on the crest of a prairie\\nridge. They were Federals. We sent to them", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. 163\\nacross the green expanse a ringing shont of wel-\\ncome. But they came no nearer and in a few mo-\\nments disappeared behind the hilltop. This was\\na force sent out from Lexington after we left that\\npost. I never knew what pressing business pre-\\nvented them from joining our picnic.\\nCaptain David Shanks captured sixty Federals\\non the east side of the battle-field. Ten men were\\ndetailed to report with these prisoners at head-\\nquarters. When they came to the road north of\\nLone Jack they encountered a body of Federals.\\nThe guards ran and the prisoners thus escaped to\\ntheir friends. These Federals did not go into the\\nbattle. They were probably from Wellington.\\nFinally a great dust was seen rising away to the\\nwest of the Noel farm, two miles away. The Con-\\nfederates shouted, Hurrah for Quantrell! The\\nFederals thought they had been fighting Quantrell\\nall the morning; if he was yet to come into the ac-\\ntion, they would stay no longer. They retreated\\nprecipitately and the Confederates were glad to\\nsee them go. The battle was over.\\nNotes.\\nAt the close of the battle the cannon were in\\nthe possession of the Federals, who abandoned the\\nguns because all their artillery horses had been\\nkilled otherw^ise the battery would not have fallen\\ninto the hands of the Confederates. Noah Hunt,\\nof Lone Jack, says that 110 dead horses were\\ncounted on the streets after the battle, all Federal\\nhorses.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "164 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0UBIAN8.\\nQuantrelPs men were in camp at or near David\\nDealy s farm, five miles northwest of Lone Jack,\\non the morning of the battle. Qnantrell had orone\\nthe day before to Independence, leaving Captain\\nWm. H. Gregg in command, with orders not to\\nbreak camp under any circumstances. For sev-\\neral hours Captain Gregg obeyed the order in plain\\nhearing of the battle. When his fighting propen-\\nsity could no longer be restrained, he gave the\\norder for his men to mount, and they went like\\nthe wind. The dust they raised seems to have\\nfrightened the Federals from the battle-field.\\nSome say Foster was whipped already, and that\\nbefore he was Avounded he Avould have surren-\\ndered, but, believing that he was fighting Qnan-\\ntrell, he feared that his men would all be shot.\\nMajor Foster says of Colonel Vard Cockrell: I\\nconceive, therefore, that it is to his tenacity and\\nability that we owe the pounding we received that\\nday.\\nAs Captain Gregg s command dashed down the\\nrocky hill west of Lone Jack, the victorious Con-\\nfederates were met returning for their horses.\\nThey had not stopped to gather the booty from the\\nfield, such as arms, etc., left by the retreating\\nFederals.\\nI could give the names of a dozen men who\\nare accredited with the daring deed of firing the\\nhotel. For this reason I refrain from giving any.\\nMany of Col. Hays men did not know until\\nafter the battle was over that any other Confed-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF LONE JACK, 165\\nerate tropps were present. Hunter s and Tracy s\\nand Jackman s men fought like tigers. Hunter s\\ncommand probably suffered the heaviest loss in\\nkilled. His men had seen some service, as had\\nalso those of Jackman and Tracy. Hays expressed\\ndissatisfaction with the management of the battle\\nbefore the battle was over.\\nA citizen of Lone Jack, concealed near enough\\nto hear the battle, says the roar of guns was inter-\\nmittent. Sometimes the battle sound almost died\\ninto silence, and then would break out anew.\\nThere was much shouting and not a little profane\\nswearing. After the battle Colonel Hays marched\\nout to the west and resumed recruiting, and did\\nnot go south for perhaps ten days.\\nColonel Yard Cockrell departed southward\\nwith his captured cannon. One of these guns is\\naccredited with firing the shot which crippled the\\niron-clad Queen City, on White River.\\nGeneral Jackman, in his version of the Lone\\nJack battle, says that often the soldiers were com-\\npelled to retire from the battle to replenish their\\nammunition; many of these never returned, and\\nthis so disgusted Cockrell that he fired seventeen\\nshots at the Federals from his revolver. Jackman\\nsays he went into the fight with about 500 men;\\nJas. W. Noel, of Lone Jack, who has greatly as-\\nsisted me in gathering data for this chapter, be-\\nlieves Jackman went in with only thirty-two men.\\nThe Federal and the Confederate loss in killed\\nwere about equal, about ninety each. These were", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "166 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nburied near the old oak tree from which Lone\\nJack took its name. Soon after the war the Con-\\nfederates erected a fine monument at Lone Jack,\\ncommemorative of their dead.\\nEastham Allen, of Lone Jack, says the messen-\\ngers who notified Hays that the Federals were in\\nLone Jack the night before the battle were Isaac\\nArnold and David Yankee. Mr. Allen speaks pos-\\nitively as to Arnold s being one, and he believes\\nYankee was the other. Switzler, in his history of\\nMisouri, has a foot-note which exhibits a very\\ncommon mixture of truth and error found in his-\\ntory. Colonel Yard Cockrell was in command at\\nLone Jack. Colonel Coffee s command was not in\\nthe battle at all. Coffee arrived with a body guard\\njust before the battle terminated. Here is Switz-\\nler s foot-note: Among the remarkable incidents\\nof the battle, the following is worthy of record:\\nWhen the Federal force had fallen back and taken\\nrefuge in a large hotel, and were pouring from its\\nwindows a death-fire upon the Confederates, caus-\\ning them to lie down and take shelter behind the\\nplank fencing that surrounded the hotel, news came\\nto the headquarters of General Coffee that his men\\nhad exhausted their cartridges. Yolunteers were\\ncalled for, to risk their lives in that terrible storm\\nof Minie balls, and supply the soldiers behind the\\nfencing with the needed ammunition. David R.\\nBoneton, a son of Jesse A. Boneton, of Boone\\nCounty, responded; and, filling a carpet-sack with\\ndeadly missiles, mounted his fine charger (named", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "THE BATTLE OF LONE JACK. 167\\nSterling Price and dashed forward on his mis-\\nsion. He sat on his horse and distributed the\\ncartridges amid a storm of bullets, coming out un-\\nscathed. Mr. Switzler is a good historian, but he\\ncan find other claimants to the honor he gives Bon-\\neton. I know a man who claims the honor for\\nhimself, and I have heard veterans name others.\\nEastham Allen was with Captain Shanks, who\\nmade his headquarters at the old church northeast\\nof town. A lull occurred in the battle, and Cap-\\ntain Shanks, who was a brave and devoted man,\\ntook fourteen of his forty men and went to the bat-\\ntle-field to ascertain why hostilities had ceased.\\nPresently the battle was resumed. Shanks\\ncharged the Federals several times and was not\\nmore than ten feet from them, the hedge fence\\nintervening. Captain Shanks, James Compton,\\nITenry Snow, and A. C. Arnold jumped the hedge\\nwith their horses and were right among the Fed-\\nerals. Shanks ordered his men to retreat south-\\nward, and they passed out of range.\\nIt is generally accepted as a fact that the battle\\nwas precipitated by the premature discharge of a\\ngun in the hands of an excited Confederate. But\\nCaptain Shanks droAv the fire of a Federal picket\\nin passing to the east side. Major Foster says the\\npicket gave the first alarm.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "168 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOUBIAtfS.\\nChapter XVI.\\nNEWTONIA, CANE HILL, AND PRAIRIE GROVE.\\nThe army of Missouri soldiers seemed to van-\\nish from existence after the battle of Pea Ridge in\\nMarch, 18G2. From that date till past midsummer\\nthe soldiers who for a year had taken part in so\\nmany great and spectacular performances were\\nstrangers to all operations in their own State.\\nBut in August, captains, colonels, and generals at-\\ntended by small retinues, nuclei of future battal-\\ni(ms, brigaeles, and divisions, began to arrive at\\ndifferent points in the State. The Federal victor}^\\nat Pea llidge eliminated Curtis and his army from\\nthe State as effectually as defeat had eliminated\\nPrice and h^s army. But the dissipation of the\\nState Guards and the withdrawal of Curtis to the\\nswamps of Arkansas did not relieve the State of\\nhostilities. General Schofield, the Federal com-\\nmander of the Department of Missouri that year,\\nreported over one hundred battles in the State\\nfrom April 1st to September 20th.\\nBritton, in The Civil War on the Border, dis-\\ncussing the unrest of this period, says at page 343:\\nThe surrender of Independence, the defeat of\\nMajor Foster s forces at Lone Jack, and the report\\nthat the combined Eebel forces in Jackson and\\nLafayette Counties were four or five thousand\\nstrong, created much anxiety in the minds of the", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "NEWTONIA, CANE HILL, AND PRAIRIE GROVE. i69\\npeople in the border counties of Kansas. And\\nthere were good reasons for such anxiety. It was\\nknown that a good many rebels in the border\\ncounties of Missouri were smarting to avenge the\\nconduct of Colonel Jennison and the lawless bands\\nof Red Legs from Kansas. These Rebel sympa-\\nthizers alleged that Jennison s men and the Kan-\\nsas lied Legs robbed and plundered the people of\\nMissouri of personal property which could not in\\nau}^ manner be applied to military purposes, and\\nit was sometimes hinted that the Secessionists\\nwould get even with General Lane for wantonly\\nburning Osceola. There was a general feeling\\nalong the Kansas border that, on account of the\\nalleged depredations referred to as not justifiable\\nacts of war, the organized Rebels of Missouri\\nwould, if an opportunity offered, retaliate with in-\\nteresf Britton, who was a Federal offtcer, here\\nforeshadows QuantrelFs raid on Lawrence the\\nfollowing year.\\nGeneral James G. Blunt, commanding the De-\\npartment of Kansas, including the Indian Terri-\\ntory, was at Fort Scott at the beginning of August,\\n18()2. lie learned from many sources that num-\\nerous detachments of Rebels were passing north-\\nward out of Arkansas. His forces had just re-\\nturned from an Indian expedition and for a week\\nhis men rested and his thin, grass-fed horses were\\npermitted to fatten. On August 9th he ordered\\nhis cavalry to mount and his 2000 infantry to get\\ninto one hundred Government wagons, drawn by\\n12", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "170 BATTLE IS AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nGovernment mules. With this outfit he started\\ntoward Lone Jaclv. All along the route he saw\\nfresh trails through the long grass; the grass in\\nthe trails bent to the north. Arriving in the vi-\\ncinity of Lone Jack, he heard that a great battle\\nhad been fought and that his friends had been\\ndiscomfited. He found a trail with the grass\\nbending to the south. He followed it and chased\\nCockrell to the Arkansas line, a bitter, unrelenting\\nrace. General Hindman had organized an army\\nfrom the swamps and the mountains of Arkansas,\\nhad reunited the scattered State Guards under\\nKains, and was now moving toward Missouri to\\nwelcome and assist Cockrell, and Shelby, and\\nThompson, and all the recruits for the Southern\\nArmy, and to lead them in a grand invasion of the\\nState. Blunt returned to Fort Scott and prepared\\nfor long marching and heavy fighting. General\\nSchofield was at Springfield with a Federal army\\nof ten thousand men, prepared to resist Hindman s\\naggressive movements. The signs portended a cam-\\npaign rife with many battles.\\nWhile Colonel Cockrell was fighting the battle\\nof Lone Jack, Captain Shelby was raising a regi-\\nment in Lafayette County. Edwards says: Wa-\\nverly was selected as the point of concentration,\\nand from every portion of the surrounding country\\ntroops came pouring in for enlistment. Ten com-\\npanies Avere organized in a day, and the next Cap-\\ntain Shelby had a thousand men of the best blood\\nof Missouri. The struggle against surprise and", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "NEWTONIA, CANE HILL, AND PRAIRIE GROVE. 171\\ncomplete overthrow was terrible, for Federal gar-\\nrisons and detachments were on every side; but\\nhis old veterans nobly sustained him, and made up\\nby energy and incessant scouting what they lacked\\nin numbers. Captain Shelby gathered up\\nhis new recruits and followed after Cockrell, on a\\nparallel and lower line, with speed as great and\\nanxiety as heavy/\\nAt Coon Creek, in Jasper County, Shelby s\\nwear}^ men were attacked by Blunt s Federals, un-\\nder Colonel Grano. A five-minute battle ensued,\\nin which several Federal soldiers and some Rebel\\nhorses were killed. About the 12th of September\\nColonel Shelby reached the Southern rendezvous,\\non the skirt of a beautiful prairie, near Newtonia.\\nSimultaneously, Colonel Hays arrived with the\\nJackson County regiment and Colonel Coffee with\\nthe recruits from southwestern Missouri. These\\nthree regiments were organized into one Missouri\\ncavalry brigade, and by orders of General Hind-\\nman were placed under the command of Colonel\\nShelby, who was ordered to hold his position,\\nscouting well to the front in all directions while\\ngiving his recruits necessary drill and discipline.\\n^At an election held in the Lafayette County regi-\\nment. Captain Shelby was unanimously chosen\\ncolonel, B. F. Gordon lieutenant-colonel, and\\nGeorge Kirtley major. The Jackson County reg-\\niment in turn elected Upton Hays colonel, Beal\\nG. Jeans lieutenant-colonel, and Charles Gilkey\\nmajor. The Southwest Missouri regiment elected", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "172 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nJohn T. Coffee colonel, John 0. Hooper lieutenant-\\ncolonel, and George W. Nichols major. Thus the\\norganization was completed, and Colonel Shelby\\nassumed command of that immortal brigade which\\nafterward carried its flag triumphantly in a hun-\\ndred desperate conflicts, and poured out its blood\\nlike water from Kansas to tlie Rio Grande. (Ed-\\nwards.) While the brigade was drilling at this\\ncamp, a detachment of Federals occupied New-\\ntonia. Colonel Hays was ordered to take his reg-\\niment and drive them out of town and back to\\nMount Vernon. In executing this duty, Colonel\\nHays was killed and Major Charles Gilkey was\\npromoted to the position of colonel.\\nColonel Cooper, Eebel commandant of the In-\\ndian Territory, marched from the Cherokee Nation\\nwith four thousand half-breeds, full-bloods, cow-\\nboys, Texans, etc., and camped near Shelby, as-\\nsuming command, being the ranking officer. On\\nSeptember 30th, General Sollaman advanced up-\\non the town and gallantly drove everything be-\\nfore him. Even Bledsoe s battery could hardly\\nstay the Federal tide. Shelby sent Lieutenant\\nGordon to the front and Cooper ordered up his In-\\ndians. The battle raged for hours, then there was\\na lull. Toward nightfall the Rebels renewed the\\nattack with irresistible fury and the Federals\\nwere driven away. General Schofleld was exasper-\\nated at this defeat and came on himself in a few\\ndays, determined to drive the Rebels out of the\\nState. On the 4th of October he arrived in front", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "NEWTONIA, GANE HILL, AND PRAIRIE OROTE. 173\\nof Newtonia. He deployed his forces with con-\\nsummate skill. The Rebel pickets were all driven\\nin at the same moment. Colonel Cooper had al-\\nready determined not to fight. He retreated to-\\nward the Indian Territory and Colonel Shelby re-\\ntreated toward Pea Ridge, where Rains was en-\\ncamped on the old battle-field of last March. In\\na few days General Blunt was in full pursuit of\\nCooper with a band of Pin Indians and a troop of\\nKansans. The Indians were divided about equally\\nin their allegiance to the United States and to the\\nSouthern Confederacy. The employment of the\\nIndians in the Civil War was not creditable to\\neither North or South.\\nAbowt this time, General Marmaduke, who quit\\nthe State service after the Boonville affair, re-\\nturned from beyond the Mississippi, and was as-\\nsigned by General Hindman to command the cav-\\nalry now in northern Arkansas. General Mar-\\nmaduke advanced to Cane Hill, at the northern\\nfoot of the Boston Mountains, and waited the ap-\\nproach of Blunt. He had not long to wait. Blunt,\\nwho was equal to Shelby in his manipulation of\\nand reliance on artillery, opened on the Rebels\\nwith a cannonade, long remembered for the ter-\\nrible accuracy of the work performed. For an\\nhour the battle raged; Blunt was unable to dis-\\nlodge Shelby until by a flank movement he ren-\\ndered Shelby s position untenable. Marmaduke\\nordered a retreat. For fifteen miles, up and down\\nthe mountain sides, through gorges, and along", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "174\\nBATTLE IS AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nstreams, the battle raged until night. Wherever\\nthere was a boulder, a clump of pines, or a crag,\\nShelby posted a company, which, when routed, fell\\nback past other companies, similarly posted, and\\nagain took up position far to the rear. Blunt\\nhurled his troops savagely against company after\\ncompany thus posted by Shelby. The Sixth Kan-\\nsas made the last charge, and lost its leader,\\nColonel Jewell. Shelby s men were crouching in\\nambuscade on the sides of a deep ravine. With\\nsabers drawn, hooting and yelling and hurrahing,\\nthe brave Kansans rushed to repulse and certain\\ndestruction. Edwards describes, in one of his\\nmost eloquent passages, a scene at the close of this\\nbattle: With the darkness came a flag of truce\\nfrom General Blunt (which was received by the\\nheroic Emmet McDonald, who had been fighting\\nall day with the stubborn rear), asking for Colonel\\nJewell s body, and asking permission to bury his\\ndead and take his wounded from the field of the\\nConfederates. It was cheerfully granted, and\\nGeneral Marmaduke and Colonel Shelby met him\\non neutral ground, and conversed as freely and\\ncalmly as if but two hours before they had\\nnot sought each other s life with fell tenacity.\\n^Wliose troops fought me to-day, asked General\\nBlunt. ^Colonel Shelby s brigade, replied the gen-\\nerous Marmaduke. How did they behave. Gen-\\neral? Behave? answered Blunt; why, sir, they\\nfought like devils. Two hundred and fifty of my\\nbest men have fallen in this day s fight, and more", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "NEWTONIA, CANE HILL, AND PRAIRIE GROVE. I75\\nheroic young officers than I can scarcely hope to\\nget again. I don t understand your fighting/ he\\ncontinued; Svhen I broke one line, another met\\nme, another, another, and still another, until the\\nwoods seemed filled with soldiers and the very air\\ndark with bullets. Just then the body of Colo-\\nnel Jewell was carried tenderly past by his sor-\\nrowful soldiers, and a frown passed swiftly over\\nthe face of General Blunt, but it cleared instantly,\\nand he said in a troubled vMce: Ah! there goes a\\nmodel soldier and far away in Kansas he leaves a\\npoor old mother who will look long for his return.\\n*How many men did you fight us with to-day?\\nasked Shelby. I am ashamed to tell, replied\\nBlunt, evasively, but more than you had to meet\\nme. After holding some further conversation,\\nthe generals separated to their dreary bivouacs.\\nBlunt fell back to Cane Hill and began to gath-\\ner about him all the Federal forces in that region.\\nHindman was concentrating, massing, counseling,\\nand preparing with the greatest alacrity for the\\nsupreme effort to open the door into Missouri. The\\none great battle of this campaign was now to be\\nfought. It was to decide again what the battle\\nof Pea Ridge, a few miles away, decided nine\\nmonths before. The issues at stake were the\\nsame; the contestants were not the same. The\\nbattles of Independence, Lone Jack, Newtonia,\\nCane Hill, and a hundred hot, unrecorded skir-\\nmishes were parts of the campaign now to culmi-\\nnate in the battle of Prairie Grove. It was a bat-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "176 BATTLED AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\ntie of the North and the South contending for Mis-\\nsouri, an issue finally settled in favor of the North\\nat the battle of Westport. If some future Creasy\\never writes The Fifteen Decisive Battle\u00c2\u00ae of Our\\nCivil War/ he will name Pea Ridge, Prairie Grove,\\nand Westport as the most important battles of the\\nnumber. And around these his pen will linger in\\nfond portraiture of all the noble exercises of\\nvaliant war, the fi)ifsse of military maneuvering,\\nplans and counter-plfws, the wily, wary, skillful\\ngeneralship, and the undaunted courage of men.\\nHindman determined to drive a wedge into the\\ncenter of Blunt s segregated forces. General Her-\\nron was at Fayetteville, east of Cane Hill, coming\\nwith six thousand to reinforce Blunt s ten thou-\\nsand. If quick enough work could be done, these\\ntwo forces might be destroyed in detail. Shelby\\nand Marmaduke and Fagan were sent to meet\\nHerron. They encountered him at Prairie Grove.\\nMeantime Blunt was to be given employment by\\nfeint or fight. Colonel Monroe was detailed for\\nthis work and attacked Blunt fiercely at Cane Hill.\\nFor hours Blunt thought the entire Rebel Army\\nwas in his front, and he sent couriers to Herron at\\nthe same time that Herron sent couriers to Blunt,\\neach asking for aid. At Prairie Grove, Colonel\\nShanks opened the battle. Herron was an intelli-\\ngent, energetic, and fearless fighter, who was as de-\\nvoted to artillery as either Shelby or Blunt. Herron\\nhad forty splendid guns; with these he played for\\ntime. His cannonade was unsurpassed; its work", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "NEWTONIA, VAJSE HILL, AND PRAIRIE QROTE. 177\\nwas insatiate butchery. After two hours of artil-\\nlery practice, Herron ordered a charge on the right\\nagainst Shelby and Fagan. The attack was re-\\npulsed, and Shelby s men charged the retreating\\nFederals to IleiTon s very guns, both suffering\\nterribly. Again Ilerron came to the attack and\\nagain was repulsed. Herron prayed that Blunt\\nor night would come, as Wellington at Waterloo\\nprayed that Bltlcher or night would come.\\nSuddenly wild and frantic cheering to the west\\non the Federal right drowned the roar of battle.\\nBlunt had aiTived. The dreadful conflict was now\\nrenewed. Both armies knew the fatal hour was\\nabout to strike; both armies stripped and like sin-\\newey athletes grappled for the mastery. For\\nfour dreadful hours the red waves of battle ebbed\\nand flowed around the hill, in and out amid the\\nbeautiful woods of Prairie Grove, and almost upon\\nthe sacred altar of the quiet country church, point-\\ning its tall spires heavenward, as if praying God s\\nmercy on the infuriated combatants. Blunt, grim\\nand stubborn as a bull-dog, threw himself upon\\nGeneral Parsons, and dealt him ponderous blows\\nfor an hour and more, when Parsons closed sud-\\ndenly upon him and bore him back, bleeding,\\nthrough a large orchard to the timber beyond,\\nwhere he had massed thirty pieces of artillery in\\none solid park. Herron on the right had\\nless success than Blunt, and was driven back at\\nall points with greater loss. Night alone closed\\nthe battle, leaving the Confederates in possession", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "178 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nof the field and believing in victory, though some-\\nwhat scattered and demoralized/\\nThat night Hindman retreated back to the\\nmountains of Arkansas, and Missouri was again\\nsaved to the North. That cold, bleak December\\nnight was spent by burial parties and relief corps\\nfrom both armies caring for the dead and the\\nwounded. The piteous groans of dying men and\\nwounded horses made the night dismal. The\\nscenes of that battle-field will never be forgotten\\nby participants in the battle or the charitable wit-\\nnesses present next day.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "THE RAIDS OF MARMADUKE AND SHELBY. 179\\nChapter XYII.\\nTHE RAIDS OF MARMADUKE AND SHELBY.\\nThe War of the Eebellion was a war of raids.\\nWitness the great raids of Lee, Sherman, Morgan,\\nPrice, Marmaduke, and Shelby. Perhaps Shelby\\nwas the most restless and indefatigable raider\\nthat the war produced. He was never known to\\nremain contented!}^ in camp more than a few days.\\nNot even winter quarters could hold him. There\\nwas no better cavalry commander in the war on\\neither side than General Shelby. While General\\nPrice was drilling his new army at Cowskin\\nPrairie in 1861, Capt Shelby returned to Lafayette\\nCounty to recruit and to harass the enemy. The\\ncount}^ was well occupied by Home Guards, whom\\nShelby with his company kept in turmoil for two\\nweeks. He captured a steamboat, Sunshine, he\\nmade and used wooden cannon, burned bridges,\\ndug rifle-pits, and fought the Home Guards and\\nregulars, then returned to Price in time for the\\nWilson Greek battle. After the AYilson Creek\\nfight, while Price reorganized his army, Shelby\\nmade another dash into Lafa^^ette County, where\\nhe met the Home Guards in many skirmishes and\\nbattles, preludes to the siege of Lexington.\\nShelby s next raid to Missouri was with Cock-\\nrelPs expedition after Corinth, marked by the bat-\\ntle of Lone Jack.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "180 BATTLE 8 AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nThe stately Marmaduke was a great cavalry\\nleader. He was a West Pointer and his cam-\\npaigns and raids were characterized and modeled\\nby all the tenets of strict military science. Mar-\\nmadnke was su])erb on horseback. After Blunt\\nhad driven Shelby and Marmaduke back from\\nCane Hill and Prairie Grove far into Arkansas,\\nthe Confederate Army rested in cantonment at\\nLewisburg. Blunt followed on to the Arkansas\\nElver, which he proposed to cross and attack Lit-\\ntle Bock, Confederate headquarters. Blunt s line\\nof communication reached down from Holla, Mo.,\\nrailroad terminus, whither supplies came from St.\\nLouis. General Hindman, perhaps the ablest\\ngeneral ever in charge of the Trans-Mississippi\\nDepartment, ordered Marmaduke to take his divi-\\nsion of cavalry and march into Missouri, sever\\nBlunt s communication and force him by starvation\\nto retreat out of Arkansas. General Marmaduke\\nselected for this hazardous service the Missouri\\nbrigades, commanded by General Shelby and by\\nGeneral Porter. On the last day of December,\\n1862, this army broke camp at Lewisburg and\\nturned to the north, to face not only the Federal\\nenemy, but also the blasts of a Missouri winter.\\nIn a week the eager, swift-riding Missourians were\\nnearing Springfield, already famous in the annals\\nof the war. The place was defended by General\\nBrown, a brave and generous Federal commander.\\nSpringfield was fortified by formidable works.\\nOn the morning of January 8, 1863, Marmaduke", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "THE RAIDS OF MARMADUKE AND SHELBY. Igl\\ndismounted his command, two miles from the city,\\nand marched to the attack with Thompson on his\\nright, Gordon or his left, and Gilkey (Hays old\\nregiment) in the center. The front of the town\\nwas guarded by an extensive and strong stockade,\\nwhich surrounded the large brick female college.\\nAs the Confederates aj^proached the stockade the\\nfighting became furious. A charge was now or-\\ndered and the stockade was carried by assault.\\nFrom the embrasures of the earthworks the Fed-\\neral cannon swept the street, but the Confederates\\ntook possession of the first line of rifle-pits and\\ncarried back a Federal gun, which was added to\\nCollins battery. The fighting continued through\\nthe day; at night Marmaduke withdrew, taking\\nthe road toward Eolla, unmolested by pursuit.\\nGeneral Porter was off toward Rolla and the\\ndivided forces reunited at Sand Springs. Marma-\\nduke lingered along the Rolla road, capturing a\\nfew supply trains and preventing others from set-\\nting out, until Blunt returned with his whole army\\nto Springfield. Marmaduke now retreated into\\nArkansas, having full}^ accomplished his purpose.\\nThe return was marked by hardships and battles.\\nAt Ilartsville a ferocious battle was fought. It\\nwas here that Colonel Emmet McDonald fell. This\\neccentric and chivalrous young man had vowed\\nnot to cut his hair until the Confederacy was es-\\ntablished. Here also fell Colonel Wymer and\\nmany others.\\nAt Batesville the remainder of the winter,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "182 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nabout two months, was passed, and before turning\\nagain to invade Missouri, Shelby gave a sham bat-\\ntle for the benefit of the ladies.\\nIn April, General Marmaduke returned from\\nLittle Rock, w^hither he had gone to meet General\\nPrice. At this conference the Cape Girardeau\\nExpedition was decided upon. Cape Girardeau,\\non the Mississippi Kiver, was a depot of supplies\\nfor a por-tion of Grant s army, now operating\\nagainst Vicksburg. The capture of Cape Girar-\\ndeau would have greatly weakened Grant. It was\\nunderstood that General John McNeil commanded\\nthe place McNeil, whose name is forever linked\\nin history with the Palmyra massacre. Marma-\\nduke captured some Federal dispatches containing\\nan order for McNeil^ then in Stoddard County, to\\nproceed to Pilot Knob, but McNeil disobeyed the\\norder and hastened back to Cape Girardeau. Had\\nMcNeil obeyed his orders, he would have been\\ncaptured. Two days after McNeil reached Cape\\nGirardeau, Marmaduke arrived with his entire\\ndivision, known as Price s First Corps of the\\nTrans-Mississippi Department. The Confeder-\\nates prepared for immediate attack; before doing\\nso, Marmaduke summoned McNeil to surrender,\\ngiving him but thirty minutes to consider the mat-\\nter. McNeil refused and the battle opened with a\\ntremendous fusillade. The heavy boom of artillery\\nand the incessant crash of small-arms reverberated\\nover the Father of Waters, on whose bosom scur-\\nried to and fro hundreds of steamboats screeching", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "TEE RAIDS OF MAEMADUKE AND SBELBY. 183\\nout their dismay. Again McNeil was summoned\\nto surrender, but reinforcements were now disem-\\nbarking, and his reply was defiant.\\nThe Confederates made a gallant but unsuc-\\ncessful assault. Marmaduke was repulsed with\\nheavy loss, and he returned toward Arkansas, fol-\\nlowed hard, not by McNeil, but by Colonel Vandi-\\nver from Pilot Knob. Vandiver was cautious,\\neven to timidity, but he forced the Confederates to\\nfight at Jackson, Bloomfield,and St. Francis Eiver.\\nHad McNeil joined Vandiver in the pursuit and\\nhad the pursuit been conducted in a soldierly, en-\\nterprising manner, Marmaduke s army might have\\nbeen eliminated from the service at the St Francis\\nRiver.\\nThe next effort to relieve Vicksburg was the\\nattack on Helena, July 4th, the day Vicksburg\\nsurrendered. Immediately after this. General\\nFrederick Steele received orders to proceed from\\nHelena against Price at Little Rock. He obeyed\\nthe order with energy and alacrity, sending com-\\nmotion and consternation throughout the Rebel\\nstrongholds in Arkansas. The Confederates were\\njustly discouraged. The Arkansas River was held\\nby the Federals at all imijortant points. At this\\ngloomy hour Shelby came forward with a unique\\nplan to revive the spirits of the army. He de-\\nsired to lead an expedition to the Missouri River.\\nHis superiors demurred at first and attempted to\\ncheck his ambition for such a perilous under-\\ntaking. Shelby had been severely wounded in the", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "184 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURI AN S.\\nhand at Helena. It was argued that the wound in-\\ncapacitated him for such a long and arduous jour-\\nney. He replied that he would rather go and lose\\nboth hands than to remain idle in Arkansas. As\\nto the dangers, he courted them. Shelby was mas-\\nterful not only in camp and field, but also in coun-\\ncil. His knightly bearing won for his Quixotic and\\npresumptuous project the reluctant endorsement\\nof both Marmaduke and Price. General Kirby\\nSmith was constrained to issue the requisite order.\\nOn September 23, 1863, Shelby set out with 800\\nMissouri boys, all shouting joyously as they\\nstarted. The little army might never come back.\\nThey were going five hundred miles into the ene-\\nmy s country. Shelby had with him Shanks and\\nLanghorne and Gordon and Elliott and Thorp. He\\nhad two pieces of artillery and twelve wagons\\nheavily loaded with ammunition. Fighting be-\\ngan long before Missouri was reached. On the\\nway Hunter and Coffee joined the expedition.\\nThey reported that the summer had been a sad one\\nfor Missouri, the darkest season of her mournful\\nhistory. The State was infested with guerrillas.\\nAt every hamlet and cross-roads were garrisons^ of\\nmilitia. Tliat summer the black fiag waved over\\nMissouri; killing and burning had been indiscrim-\\ninate. Quantrell had raided Lawrence in August,\\nand Ewing in retaliation had issued and enforced\\nOrder No. 11. Shelby met fugitives under this or-\\nder from Jackson, Cass, and Bates counties, down\\nas far as the Arkansas line, women and children", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "THE RAIDS OF MARMADUKE AND SHELBY. Jg^\\nand old men, in rickety wagons, drawn by teams\\ntoo shabby for army service. This summer was\\ntruly awful for Missouri. The Home Guards and\\nmilitia were kept in perpetual turmoil by the guer-\\nrillas, who by this time were almost perfect in\\ntheir craft.\\nShelby entered the State at a point from which\\nhe might threaten Springfield. His route lay\\nthrough Neosho, Greenfield, Humansville, on to\\nthe Osage River at Warsaw, then to Cole Camp,\\nand on to Tipton and Boonville. Battles and skir-\\nmishes occurred daily, almost hourly. At Boon-\\nville, Gen. Brown, then stationed at Jefferson City,\\nattacked Shelby s army, which retreated toward\\nMarshall, where Gen. Ewing was stationed with a\\nlarge force. With Brown in the rear and Ewing in\\nfront, both commanding forces superior to Shel-\\nby s, the bold raiders were face to face with de-\\nstruction, quick and terrible. Shelby ordered\\nShanks to defend the rear with two hundred men,\\nwhile he, with the main army, fought Ewing in\\nfront. Two hot engagements were now fought\\nsimultaneously not half a mile apart. Very\\nquickly both Shanks and Shelby were completely\\nsurrounded. Shelby cut his way through, escap-\\ning with thinned ranks to the west Shanks cut\\nhis way through, escaping to the east Then be-\\ngan two races for safety in Arkansas, Shanks on\\none road with all that were left of his two hundred,\\nand Shelby on another road with his decimated\\nranks, each ignorant of the other s fate, Some-\\n13", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": ")gQ BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MlSSOURIANS.\\nwhere south of Springfield, on the wire road,\\nShanks and Shelby camped Avithin five miles of\\neach other, and their scouts met. At midnight a\\njoyful reunion took place.\\nShelby marched on leisurely toward White\\nKiver, almost without ammunition. General Mc-\\nNeil dropped in behind and followed on to the\\nArkansas River. There was no fighting between\\nShelby and McNeil.\\nThe raid ended at Washington, Arkansis.\\n1", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "BATTLES OF MISSOURIANS IN ARKANSAS. 187\\nChapter XVIII.\\nBATTLES OF MISSOURIANS IN ARKANSAS.\\n{Helena.)\\nAn account of the battles fought by Missouri\\nans in Arkansas wouhl fill a volume. The Mis-\\nsouri Confederate soldiers spent by far the larger\\npart of the time of the war in Arkansas. I shall\\ncontent myself with a fair outline of the move-\\nments, campaigns, and battles of the Missourians\\nin our neighboring State. The custom among our\\nleading citizens, who become absorbed in either\\ncivil or military affairs east of the Mississippi, has\\nbeen to disregard the importance of the western\\nhalf of the continent. No able general was sent\\nduring the war by either of the contending govern-\\nments to take charge of the respective forces in the\\nWest. The failure to do so w^as a mistake on the\\npart of the United States, and a blunder on the\\npart of the Southern Confederacy.\\nThe operations in Missouri and Arkansas were\\nnot always independent of the operations beyond\\nthe Mississii)pi. A clear conception of the war in\\nthe West can be attained only by noting the move-\\nments of Beauregard, Bragg, Hood, and Lee, and\\nof McClellan, Grant, Sherman, and Kosecrans.\\nAfter General Price had begun a great career\\nin the country above Yicksburg, Jeff. Davis, in-\\nstead of promoting that career by giving the great", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "188 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOVRIANS.\\nMissourian larger powers, permitted him to return\\nto the West, and there submerged him in subordi-\\nnate positions, under men not his equal in great-\\nness. Vicksburg fell. The Trans-Mississippi Ar-\\nmy fought to give relief to its beleaguered friends.\\nThe belated and ill-starred assault on Helena was\\nmade for no other purpose than to weaken Grant s\\nterrible grasp on Vicksburg. Price and Shelby\\nand Marmaduke each advocated the move on Hel-\\nena long before General Holmes could be brought\\nto see the importance of such action. It was too\\nlate to benefit Vicksburg when Holmes old\\nGranny Holmes, the soldiers called him arrived\\nin front of Helena with his Trans-Mississippi Army.\\nVicksburg was about to fall; the last blow in its\\ndefense was about to be delivered on Helena. The\\nbattle here was modeled, on a larger plan, after the\\nbattle at Gape Girardeau. The river, the boats,\\nthe cannonade, the object of the battle, and the re-\\npulse were all repetitions of what had been wit-\\nnessed and experienced at Cape Girardeau.\\nIn the latter part of May, General E. Kirby\\nSmith ordered General Holmes to move toward\\nHelena, and Holmes directed his forces to con-\\ncentrate at Jacksoni^oii: on the White Eiver.\\nThither came by June 22d Price s division of infan-\\ntry, consisting of one thousand in Parsons Mis-\\nsouri brigade, and McEea s brigade of four hun-\\ndred Arkansans; Fagan s brigade of Arkansas in-\\nfantry, numbering fifteen hundred; and Marma-\\nduke s division of Missouri and Arkansas cavalry,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "BATTLES OF MISSOURI AN 8 IN ARKANSAS. 189\\nnumbering two thousand; making a total of four\\nthousand nine hundred. This army made one of\\nthe most extraordinary marches in the history of\\nthe war. The route hiy through the low, swampy\\nWhite RiA^er bottom. The rain was incessant.\\nThe infantry were generally in water up to the\\nwaist. The men dragged the cannon and the sup-\\nply wagons through bogs and bayous. There was\\nno pontoon train and the swollen streams were\\nbridged with logs. The march from Jacksonport\\nto Helena occupied twelve days, and men and\\nanimals were exhausted by the excessive labor.\\nNapoleon s passage of the Alps was hardly more\\narduous than the march of this army from Jack-\\nsonport to Helena.\\nOn July 3d the army arrived in front of Helena.\\nA council of war was held at General Holmes\\nheadquarters. Price was not in favor of an attack\\nnow. The place had doubtless been strengthened\\nagainst their coming by troops from around Vicks-\\nburg; an attack could draw from Grant no more\\ntroops. If Helena were taken, the garrison would\\nescape to transports lying then at the wharf, and\\nVicksburg would thus be strengthened by the cap-\\nture of Helena. But Holmes would not listen to\\nPrice now, as he had never listened to him in the\\npast. Holmes replied: General Price, t|iis is\\nmy fight and I am going to attack Helena; if I fail,\\nI will bear the odium; if I succeed, I want the\\nglory.\\nHelena, commanded by General Prentis, was", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "190 BATTLE IS AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\ndefended in the rear by the Mississippi Eiver and\\nits gunboats, by Fort Hindnian at the southern\\nsuburbs, by Fort Solomon at the northern sub-\\nurbs, by the Graveyard fort on the west, and by\\na strong citadel at the center of the city. General\\nHolmes, who was a hero and a skillful tactician at\\nthis battle, assigned General Fagan to attack on\\nthe south. General Price to attack on the west,\\nand General Marmaduke to attack on the north.\\nGeneral Walker was to march down the river to\\nthe assistance of Marmaduke. All attacks were\\nto be made at sunrise on July 4th. At the appoint-\\ned hour Fagan and Price made a simultaneous\\ncharge, driving straight forward, in face of wither-\\ning storms of shot from boats and batteries, from\\nembrasures and rifle-pits. Fagan was utterly re-\\npulsed, while Walker and Marmaduke failed even\\nto make an attack. General Price carried the fort\\nin front of him and his men charged into the center\\nof the town, led by Colonel Lewis, who at Lone\\nJack received a wound in the head. General Shel-\\nby brought forward the two cannon captured at\\nLone Jack, but used them ineffectually, owing to\\nthe nature of the ground. These cannon were\\ncostly ordnance that day; many a brave Missou-\\nrian fell in manual effort to save them. The fail-\\nure of Marmaduke and Walker and the repulse of\\nFagan left tlie advance of Price s division unsup-\\nported and in precarious surroundings, the center\\nof fire from all tlie forts. The object now was to\\nsave Price s division, not to capture Helena. The", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "BATTLES OF MT880URIAN8 IN ARKANSAS. ig^\\nsafe withdrawal of Price Avas doubtful; superior\\ngeneralship of the leaders and the bravery of the\\nmen alone saved the army. When the smoke hung\\nheaviest over Helena, Vieksburg surrendered, and\\n,while the surviving Missourians at Vieksburg\\nwere being paroled, the surviving Missourians who\\nfought at Helena were retreating toward Little\\nRock. The Southern Confederacy, triumphant\\nuntil now, was tottering and leaning to its fall.\\nGeneral Steele pushed after the flying Confeder-\\nates, but had many a hard battle before he took\\nLittle Rock.\\nGeneral Marmaduke failed to make the attack\\nat Helena because General Walker failed to march\\nto his support. The two men were not friendly\\nthereafter. Estrangement grew with multiplied\\nfailures in the retreat before Steele. After the re-\\ntreat from Brownville and after the battle at\\nBayou Metre, General Marmaduke asked that his\\ndivision be removed from General Walker s com-\\nmand or that his resignation be accepted. He\\nwas permitted to withdraw his division. General\\nWalker felt that in some way his bravery had been\\nimpugned by Marmaduke s peremptory withdraw-\\nal of his division. General W^alker, therefore,\\nchallenged General Marmaduke for a duel. Colo-\\nnel John C. Moore, now of Kansas City, acted as\\nMarmaduke s second and named as weapons Colt s\\nnavy revolvers, at fifteen paces. At the second\\nshot Walker fell, mortally wounded, and was con-\\nveyed back to Little Rock in Marmaduke s ambu-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "192 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nlance. Marmaduke was put under arrest, but was\\nsoon released and resumed command of his divi-\\nsion. Steele was pressing hard on Little Rock.\\nSomewhere down the river, below Little Rock,\\nColonel Gilkey, commanding Hays old brigade,\\nlost his life in a fight with one of Steele s gunboats.\\nMajor Shanks, suffering from a wound received at\\nHelena, became colonel by promotion. General\\nSlielb} had been unable for service owing to a\\nwound received at Helena, and Dr. Webb had or-\\ndered him to forego all military effort. But Shel-\\nby was under higher orders, the orders of military\\nardor, and he went to the front amid tremendous\\nenthusiasm of his soldiers. A great battle was\\ndeemed inevitable. Steele threw pontoon bridges\\nacross the river below the capital, and the Federals\\nswarmed over. On September Ttli the Confeder-\\nates evacuated Little Rock, and General Steele\\ntook possession. Price retreated leisurely to Ark-\\nadelphia, and Avas not pursued and was not at-\\ntacked in his new position.\\nIn two weeks Shelby was weary of rest and\\nsought permission to lead an expedition to Mis-\\nsouri, an account of which see elsewhere in this\\nvolume.\\nIn five or six weeks after the fall of Little Rock,\\nGeneral Marmaduke conducted his division down\\nthe river to Pine Bluff, occupied by Colonel Clay-\\nton, of Kansas, and a force of Kansas troops. Pine\\nBluff was probabl^^ of no more importance than", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "BATTLES OF MIS80URIANS IN ARKANSAS. 193\\nany other point on the Arkansas River held by the\\nFederals. This point was selected for the reason\\nthat it might be easily surprised. On Sunday\\nmorning, while Clayton s troops were at dress\\nparade, Marmaduke dashed up and peremptorily\\ndemanded of Clayton the surrender of the place.\\nClayton, taken completely by surprise, would not\\neven receive the flag of truce. He remembered\\nGeneral Jackson s breastworks at New Orleans,\\nand there Avere more cotton-bales at Clayton s com-\\nmand than Jackson ever saw. While Marmaduke\\nwaited for a reply to his demand, Colonel Clayton\\nconstructed an impregnable fort of cotton-bales.\\nWhen Marmaduke made his assault thirty minutes\\nlater, he was received with such warmth that he\\ndecided to retreat, but not until the battle lasted\\nfive hours.\\nGeneral Holmes, whose spirit was broken at\\nHelena, if not his heart, had no more fight in him.\\nHe was a disconsolate man, and as he turned his\\nback on Little Rock he said to Marmaduke:\\nSteele will not pursue us. His Government will\\nnot seek to disturb us now. W^e are an army of\\nprisoners, and self-supporting at that. Holmes\\nwas correct. Grant saw the situation in the same\\nlight, and therefore scarcely approved the expedi-\\ntions, now to be related, of Banks to Shreveport,\\nSteele to- Camden, and Porter with his fleet up\\nthe Red River. Sherman quite approved the Red\\nRiver and Camden expeditions, but this only re-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "194 BATTLE IS AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nveals the difference in the perception of Grant and\\nSherman.\\nAt Camden the boys fought a great sham\\nbattle. Here General Holmes relinquished his\\ncommand over the District of Arkansas, and was\\nsucceeded by General Price.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "BATTLES OF MISSOURIANS IN ARKANSAS. I95\\nChapter XIX.\\nBATTLES OF MISSOURIANS IN ARKANSAS.\\n[Steele s and Banks^ Fiasco.)\\nGenerals Sherman and Banks met at New Or-\\nleans and agreed on a plan of campaign up the Ked\\nKiver. Shreveport was to be converted into a\\nFederal stronghold and a loyal State government\\nwas to be established in Texas. French operations\\nin Mexico were creating disquietude and uneasi-\\nness at Washington City. The immense possibility\\nof a new republic in the Southwest, heretofore a\\ndream, moving first in the brain of Burr, might\\nbe realized now. So thought Shelby when, at the\\nclose of the war, he marched to join the French\\nin Mexico.\\nShreveport was a great cotton emporium; it\\nwas at the head of navigation for large steamers;\\nits fortifications, depots, arsenals, and shops, its\\nproximity to Texas and Arkansas, and its com-\\nmanding position over Louisiana, marked it as a\\npoint of stategic importance. Sherman believed\\nthe possession of Shreveport would be highly ad-\\nvantageous to his government. General Grant\\nwas never in favor of the Ked River expedition.\\nWith the true insight of a great soldier, he in-\\nsisted that the winning of victories in Georgia and\\nVirginia were vastly more important; he gave a\\nreluctant endorsement to the expedition and stip-\\nulated that it should be abandoned if not com-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "196 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\npleted in thirty days. After a tentative move\\nfrom the Gulf at Sabine Pass, in obedience to Lin-\\ncoln s order, the Ked River route was decided to\\nbe the more practical one. Porter was to run up\\nthe Mississippi River with his squadron of iron-\\nclads to the mouth of Red River, where 10,000 of\\nSherman s troops would be placed on transports\\nand where other arrangements would be perfected\\nfor the ascent; Steele was to come down from Lit-\\ntle Rock and capture Camden on his way down to\\njoin Porter and Banks at Shreveport. The plan\\nwas magnificent. There were men enough and\\nboats enough; there was time enough and money\\nenough to win success. Even Grant did not antici-\\npate failure, but he doubted whether any great ad-\\nvantages w^ould accrue from certain victory. But\\nThe best laid schemes o mice and men\\nGang aft a-gley,\\nAnd leave us naught but grief and pain\\nFor promised joy.\\nPorter i)roceeded up Red River with a fleet\\nmore imposing and powerful than had hitherto\\never assembled on any river of this or any other\\ncontinent. Banks concentrated an army of 30,000\\ntroops at Alexandria to co-operate with the fleet.\\nPorter reached Coushatta, where he first met Con-\\nfederate resistance. Banks pushed on without\\nopposition to Natchitoches, one hundred miles\\nfrom Shreveport.\\nTo meet this formidable invasion of Confed-\\nerate territory, General E. Kirby Smith, one of", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "BATTLES OF MI8S0URIANS IN ARKANSAS. I97\\nthe purest men the South had, ordered General\\nMagruder, commandant of the Texas District, to\\nsend all the available troops in that State, leaving\\nthe Gulf coast open to invasion. General Colton\\nGreen came up in command of the Texans. Gen-\\neral Smith ordered General Price, commandant of\\nthe Arkansas District, to dispatch in haste his in-\\nfantry, consisting of Parsons and Churchiirs divi-\\nsions. These reported to Smith at Shreveport and\\nwere hurried forAvard to meet Banks. General\\nMaxey with his Indians was to reinforce Price for\\nthe loss of Parsons and Churchill. General Dick\\nTaylor, son of President Taylor, was assigned to\\nthe command of all the forces operating in front of\\nBanks and against Porter s fleet. Banks was as-\\nsisted by Generals A. J. Smith, Lee, Franklin,\\nMower, and others. On March 8, 18G4, Banks ad-\\nvancing army met the Confederates at Mansfield,\\nand was beaten back with terrible slaughter.\\nThe rout of the Federals was complete and the\\nscene baffles all description. General Ransom\\nsaid afterward that Bull Eun was nothing in\\ncomparison. Banks fell back to Pleasant Hill,\\nwhere on the 12th he was attacked by General\\nTaylor, avIio was following up his advantage gained\\non the 8th inst Another great battle ensued, in\\nwhich Ta3dor lost many of the cannon and wagons\\ncaptured at Mansfield. Banks converted the vic-\\ntory of this day into virtual defeat by retreating\\nin consternation to Pleasant Hill Landing, thirty-\\nfive miles aAvav, where Porter had arrived. Banks", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "198 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nnow saw plainly that the expedition was too large\\nan undertaking for him. The fleet had passed up\\nwith great difficulty over the rapids. The water\\nw^as low and was steadily falling. Dams were\\nconstructed across the river with vast labor in or-\\nder to secure water deep enough to float the iron-\\nclads down to the Mississippi. General Kirby\\nSmith now threw away the greatest opportunity\\nof his life the opportunity of annihilating an\\narm}^ of 40,000 men and a great fleet. But stead-\\nfastness of purpose was not one of Smith s vir-\\ntues. His attention was divided between Banks\\nand Steele. His divided attention manifests it-\\nself in his post-bellum writing. The Confeder-\\nates harassed the demoralized Federals and chased\\nthe fleet for some days before they were re-\\ncalled to turn against Steele. Speaking of the\\nretreat inaugurated at Pleasant Hill, Wilson says\\nin his Pictorial History of the Great Civil War\\n^The Shreveport expedition ought to have been a\\nsuccess. As it was, the National Army had lost\\nalreadj eighteen guns, small-arms in large num-\\nbers, 5,000 men., 130 wagons, and 1,200 horses and\\nmules, and had accomplished nothing.\\nThe chief actors in this campaign on both sides\\nwere accused, no doubt falseh of conspiracy to\\nspeculate in cotton. General Dick Taylor was re-\\nlieved of his command, owing to a spirited corre-\\nspondence with General E. Kirby Smith. General\\nBanks was overslaughed, and General Canby suc-\\nceeded to his place. Meantime how fared Steele,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "BATTLE T OF MISSOURI AN S IN ARKANSAS. IQQ\\nwho, on March 23, 1864, marched out of Little\\nRock with 12,000 cavalry and 3,000 infantry?\\nPrice was to hold this vast army in check with\\nonly 6,000 or 8,000 men. His infantry, under Par-\\nsons and Churchill, were absent fighting Banks.\\nThe greater part of Price s army, now in winter\\nquarters at Camden, consisted of new and untried\\nrecruits. The lusty young Missourians who com-\\nposed Price s army at the beginning of the war,\\nthree years before, were all in their graves, save\\nsome 3,000, distributed under Shelby, Marmaduke,\\nParsons, and Churchill. The great majority of\\nPrice s troops were from Arkansas and Texas.\\nGeneral Steele ordered General Thayer to march\\nfrom Fort Smith with his 5,000 troops to Arkadel-\\nphia and there join the main army. General Clay-\\nton, who repulsed Marmaduke at Pine Bluff, and\\nwho afterwards successfully encountered Shelby\\nwhen the latter was foraging in the region about\\nPine Bluff, and who had never been defeated, was\\nordered to form a junction with Steele at Camden.\\nSteele s army was large enough and it was handled\\nskillfuly enough to go whither it pleased. Steele\\nsaw no Confederates until he reached Arkadelphia,\\ntwo-thirds of the distance to Camden. Gen. Shelby\\ninaugurated at Arkadelphia that remarkable sys-\\ntem of harassment which in six weeks sent Steele\\ningloriously back to Little Rock. Shelby, who at\\nthis moment became a brigadier-general on ac-\\ncount of his raid to Missouri the previous autumn,\\nattacked and captured Steele s rear guard of two", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "200 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIAN8.\\ncompanies. Steele s communication with Little\\nHock was effectually severed and from now on the\\nFederals were annoyed continually from attacks\\non both flanks and in the rear; their supi)ly trains\\nwere captured; their foraging parties were de-\\nstroyed, and starvation met Steele at Camden.\\nFr(mi Arkadelphia the road to Camden traversed\\nthe Washita lliver bottom. Along this road skir-\\nmishes were frequent, implacable, deadly. The\\nConfederates fought with the bitterness of out-\\nraged local pride. The Missourians had been ex-\\npatriated and fought for revenge; the Arkansans\\nwere defending their invaded State; the Texans\\nanticipated subjugation and fought desperately.\\nSteele was a disciplinarian and held his army well\\nin hand. At the LittleMissouri River, Marmaduke\\ncontested the crossing, and the delay gave Shelby\\ntime to pass from the rear to the front, where he\\ntook position on the plain of Prairie d Ann, bor-\\ndering on the marshy river bottom. For two or\\nthree days Steele lay in position waiting to be\\nattacked, while Price lay ten miles away, be-\\nhind hastily constructed works. Finally General\\nThayer, belated, arrived with his 5,000 troops from\\nF(H t Smith. Steele now had 20,000 troops, minus\\nhis losses since leaving Little Hock. The two days\\nwaiting had not been wholly devoid of action; bit-\\nter skirmishes had occurred. On the third day\\nSteele advanced his batteries and a terrific artil-\\nlery duel took place. Finally Steele moved in\\nforce, determined, as he said, to break the infernal", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "BATTLES OF MI8S0URIANS IN ARKANSAS. 201\\ntenacity of Shelby s bloodhounds. Marmaduke\\nand Shelby held him in check for a time and the\\nfighting was desperate. Price ordered a with-\\ndrawal from Steele s front, and Steele marched on\\ntoward Camden. At Poison Springs, Shelby and\\nMarmaduke again took position and fought an-\\nother hard battle, after which Steele pushed on\\nand entered Camden. Here General Steele ex-\\npected to capture Confederate supplies. He found\\ninstead gaunt famine. His distress of mind was\\nnot assuaged by intelligence from Banks. He\\nlearned with dismay that Banks had failed in-\\ngloriously.\\nGeneral Price skillfuly circumvalated Camden\\nand waited for Steele to starve, or come out. The\\ntedium was relieved by desultory and repeated\\ndashes at Steele s position. On April 20th hard ne-\\ncessity compelled the Federal commander to send\\nout a foraging force up the river along the road be-\\nyond Poison Springs. The foragers had 250 wag-\\nons, escorted by an ample cavalr^^ force, including\\na regiment of negroes. They gathered up a gen-\\neral assortment of everything produced in the\\nState of Arkansas and were returning. At Poison\\nSprings, Marmaduke intercepted the train, assisted\\nby General Maxe}^ and his Indians and General\\nW. L. Cabell, known among the privates as Old\\nTige, on account of his fighting qualities. The\\nbattle w^as a hard one, but resulted in a complete\\nvictory for Marmaduke and the capture of the en-\\ntire train.\\n14", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "202 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\n^^When the Indians reached the captured train,\\nthey were enchanted; as far as they were con-\\ncerned, the battle was over. They considered that\\nthe greatest victory of the war had been achieved,\\nthe power of the Yankee nation hopelessly broken,\\nand the independence of the Confederacy placed\\nbeyond a doubt. Marmaduke, however, restrained\\nthem with stern orders. But the battle-field of-\\nfered a brilliant o])portunity for the display of\\ntheir skill; and many a mountain of useless plun-\\nder was seen, beneath which reeled and swayed an\\ninvisible Indian. (Edwards.)\\nSteele was in dire distress. A train of 300\\nwagons was sent out toward the Saline River and\\ncarefully guarded by a much larger force than the\\none destroyed at Poison Springs. General Fagan\\ndiscovered this train by chance. Operating under\\nGeneral Fagan w^ere the brigades commanded by\\nShelby, Cabell, and Dockery. Shelby was sent to\\nmake a detour in order to gain the Federal front,\\nwhile Fagan brought on the attack at a place\\nimmortalized in history as Mark s Mill. Cabell\\nbrought on the fight and stood his ground with\\ntenacity justifying his sohriquet. The Federals\\ndefended their train with desperation. CabelFs\\npunishment was almost unendurable and his men\\nwere on the point of giving away, which meant a\\nrout; Cabell begged his men to fight ten minutes\\nlonger he knew Shelby Avould not fail him; in less\\nthan ten minutes Shelby, with a few of his fleetest\\ncavalrymen, dashed up on the opposite side of", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "BATTLES OF MIS80VRIAN8 IN ARKANSAS. 203\\nthe Federals. Terror and demoralization spread\\nthrough their line, and when Shelby s main force\\ncame into action the scene was sickening, inde-\\nscribable; the negroes slain fell in windrows and\\nthe white soldiers were slaughtered in large num-\\nbers; 357 wagons were taken; over 1,300 prisoners;\\ntwenty ambulances; nine pieces of artillery. This\\ncrushing defeat bespoke the utter extirpation of\\nSteele s army. Late in the afternoon of the day\\nfollowing the battle at Mark s Mill, Steele evac-\\nuated Camden. Mr. Wilson, special war corre-\\nspondent of the New^ York Herald, w^hom I have\\nquoted elsewhere, says in his histors On the\\nnight of April 26th Steele threw his army across\\nthe Washita River; and at daylight on the 2Tth he\\nbegan to fall back, by way of Princeton and Jenk-\\nins Ferry, on the Saline River. The roads were\\nin the most wretched condition, and the rain fell\\nin torrents. At Jenkins Ferry he was attacked\\nby an overwhelming force, led by Kirby Smith in\\nperson. Steele got his men quickly into position,\\nand the battle at once became general. The Con-\\nfederates fell on the National lines with tremen-\\ndous energy; again and again they came up in full\\nforce, now on the left, and now on on the right, and\\nfinally made a desperate effort to crush the left\\nand center. More than once the National lines\\nyielded to the tremendous pressure and fierce on-\\nsets of the enemy but nothing could cool the cour-\\nage or relax the energies of those brave ^Vestern\\nregiments. Every charge of the enemy was sue-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "204 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\ncessfully repelled. The battle had commenced at\\nearly dawn. It was now near noon. The critical\\nmoment of the fight had arrived. The National\\nleft, which was held by the Thirty-third Iowa,\\nwhose ammunition was exhausted, was yielding\\nto the pressure of the heavy masses of the enemy.\\nFour companies of the Fortieth Iowa hastened to\\nits support, formed under a terrible fire, and re-\\nstored the line. The tide of battle now turned.\\nThe Confederates, not prepared for this fresh ad-\\nvent of strength and heroism, began to fall back.\\nFor one whole hour the Nationals pressed on their\\nfront, the Confederates slowly but steadily yield-\\ning up the ground. At noon the victory was com-\\nplete, and the Nationals remained masters of the\\nfield. In this fierce struggle Steele lost 700 men\\nin killed and wounded. The Confederate loss\\nmust have exceeded 3,000 men, including three\\ngeneral officers. Leaving a burial party behind,\\nSteele crossed the Saline Eiver and continued the\\nretreat. He was not further molested. On the\\n2d of May, after a weary march, over a swampy\\ncountry, his half-famished troops, broken and\\ndispirited, were safe in Little Rock. The battle at\\nJenkins Ferry did credit to Steele and to his brave\\nsoldiers; but the expedition, like that of which it\\nwas intended to form a part, was ill-omened and\\ndisastrous.\\nTo recapitulate Steele s great fiasco: The chief\\nbattles and skirmishes occurred at Arkadelphia,\\nRocheport, Spoonersville, Okolona, Antoine, Wolf", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "BATTLES OF MIS80URIAN8 IN ARKANSAS. 20\\nCreek, Elkins Ferry, Moscow, Prairie d Ann, Poi-\\nson Springs, Mark s Mills, and Jenkins Ferry.\\nSteele lost over 2,000 prisoners, 500 wagons and\\nteams, fourteen pieces of artillery, and an un-\\nknown loss in killed and wounded. He regained\\nLittle Kock in a rout His losses largely made up\\nthe supplies which enabled Price to invade Mis-\\nsouri the following September.\\nThe Confederates reported their loss at 1,000\\nmen killed, and they estimated an equal loss on the\\nother side. Estimates of losses are notoriously in-\\ncorrect in all histories so far written. On this ac-\\ncount, I have refrained, as a rule, from giving such\\nestimates. After the battle of Jenkins Ferry, the\\nConfederates rested awhile at different points,\\nsome at Arkadelphia and some at Camden.\\nGeneral Marmaduke was commissioned as a\\nmajor-general, the commission dating from Jenk-\\nins Ferry. A like commission rewarded General\\nFagan, dated Mark s Mills. From this time until\\nthe inauguration of Price s great raid, Marmaduke\\nand Fagan operated in Chicot County, in the ex-\\ntreme southeastern part of Arkansas, harassing\\nthe Federal shipping on the Mississippi River.\\nShelby went to White River and had many battles.\\nAt Clarendon, on White River below Des Arc, he\\ncaptured and blew up the Federal iron-clad Qmen\\nCitif. One of the cannons captured at Lone Jack\\nhas been credited with firin,\u00c2\u00a3r the shot that crippled\\nthe Queen. The next day General Carr sent four\\nother gunboats from Duvall s Bluff. The larger", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "206 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS^URIANS.\\nof these, the Tyler, was disabled, but escaped.\\nCarr arrived with a large army and the fighting\\ncontinued for three days.\\nThe summer of 1864 was an active one for the\\nMissourians in Arkansas. However, on the 30th\\nof August the divisions of Fagan and Marmaduke\\nconcentrated at Tulip, Dallas County, Arkansas,\\nunder Price, preparatory to the invasion of Mis-\\nsouri. By the IGth of September these two divi-\\nsions had arrived at Batesville, where the third\\ndivision, under Shelby, was waiting. Here began\\nPrice s great raid.\\njii", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 207\\nChapter XX,\\nPRICE S GREAT RAID.\\nFROM DARDANELLE TO LEXINGTON.\\nAre not Abana and Pharpar, rivers of Damascus, better\\nthan all the waters of Israel? II. Kings v. 12.\\nWith great reluctance General Price relin-\\nquished his hold upon the Missouri Kiver at the\\nbeginning of the war. His one unquenchable\\nambition was to return to the river and establish\\nhis army on its banks. Twice he did return to the\\nriver in brilliant raids that attracted, respect-\\nively, the apprehension of the North and the ad-\\nmiration of the South. The first raid followed\\nhis victory at Wilson Creek; the second followed\\nhis victory over Steele in Arkansas.\\nRichard J. Hinton, a Federal officer, author\\nof ^^Rebel Invasion of Missouri and Kansas, says\\nof Price s last great raid In distance from base,\\nextent of country traversed, and objects aimed at,\\nit was hardly less stupendous in character to those\\nwhose magnificent success have illumined with\\nnew lustre the name of General Sherman. The\\nsimilitude ends, however, when success is named.\\nFor months rumors were rife that General\\nPrice was coming. Rosecrans deemed such a\\nthing nearly impossible. Steele ought to have\\nknown. Curtis at Leavenworth ^deemed it both\\nmonstrous and impossible that a rebel army could", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "208 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nmarch unchecked in the sli2^htest degree, for over\\n200 miles beyond our advanced line, into the very\\nheart of our territory not only without resistance,\\nbut almost unknown to the commanding officer of\\nthe department immediately concerned.\\nGeneral Lee s army was bleeding to death\\naround Petersburg; Sherman was operating in\\nfront of Atlanta preparatory to his great march\\nthrough Georgia; a mistake had been made in the\\nArmy of the Tennessee in the removal of conserva-\\ntive Joseph E. Johnston and the promotion of the\\ndashing but less able Hood. Missouri Federals\\nmight be ordered en massv to the decisive battle-\\nfields east. General E. Kirby Smith, by no means\\nthe ablest man in the Southern Army, was in su-\\npreme control of the Trans-Mississippi Depart-\\nment. His besetting sin was indecision. At this\\njuncture he was perplexed as to the best disposi-\\ntion to make of the large army in his department\\nwhether to send it to Lee or Hood, or to send\\nPrice on a raid to Missouri. Price, Marmaduke,\\nShelby, Fagan, and Cabell advocated the raid to\\nMissouri. These argued that the raid would not\\nonly give employment to the Federals in the West,\\nand so prevent their departure for the East; if the\\nraid were fully successful, detachments of troops\\nfrom Sherman, Thomas, or Grant might be ordered\\nWest. General Dick Taylor and others warmly ad-\\nvocated the policy of concentrating all forces East.\\nTaylor had even secured from the Confederate Gov-\\nernment the command of the Trans-Mississippi Ar-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 209\\nmy when it should arrive on the other side, and he\\nstood anxiously waiting. Taylor and Smith were\\nnot on good terms; who shall say this fact had no\\ninfluence with General Smith in deciding for the\\nMissouri raid? But there were ample and valid\\nreasons for retaining the army on this side of the\\ngreat river. The Southern soldier preferred to\\nfight each for his own section. Herein was seen\\nthe lack of a strong central power in the South.\\nIn the minds of these Western leaders there was a\\nvague idea that the fall of the Southern Confeder-\\nacy in the East would not involve necessarily the\\nfall of the Confederacy in the West or in the South-\\nwest. If Eichmond fell, perhaps assistance from\\nthe French in Mexico would come and a very de-\\nsirable new republic might rise without the Cis-\\nMississippi States. Again, the army had everything\\nnecessary to make a great and successful raid, and\\nthe fruits of a successful raid could not be over-\\nestimated. All things considered. General Smith\\nconcluded to risk something on the Missouri raid.\\nHis policy, however, was a sort of compromise; he\\nsent only a small detachment to Missouri. A man\\nmore determined and decisive than Smith would\\nhave sent the entire army.\\nSteele s disastrous campaign to Camden and\\nthe Red River expedition under Banks and Porter,\\nin the spring, supplied Price s army with transpor-\\ntation, small-arms, artillery, camp equipage, and\\nammunition enough to load 300 wagons. He had\\nseveral Parrott guns: two captured by General", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "210 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nDick Taylor at Pleasant Hill, La.; two captured\\nby Marmaduke at Poison Springs, near Camden;\\nfour captured by Fagan at Mark s Mill a number\\nof mountain howitzers, and a wicked little one-inch\\ngun used very effectively in picking off artillery-\\nmen at long range^ about thirty guns in all.\\nWhile Price was thus openly prepared to come to\\nMissouri, the State was clandestinely and surrep-\\ntitioush^ prepared to receive him. Secret organi-\\nzations among Southern sympathizers had been\\nestablished all over the State. These lodges prom-\\nised large recruits to Price s army. General W.\\nL. Cabell has recently filed a paper with Camp\\nSterling Price, at Dallas, Texas, in which occurs\\nthis reference to such lodges:\\n^^Both General Price and General Kirby Smith\\nhad received messages and couriers from the lead-\\ners of a secret organization called the Order of the\\nAmerican Knights of the State of Missouri, who\\nrepresented that as soon as he came into the State\\nwith his strong command that he would receive a\\ngreat number of this order who were good and true\\nmen and who would make Al soldiers, and which\\nwould enable him to get possession of and to re-\\nmain in the State of Missouri during the winter.\\nI knew nothing of this order myself, but in a con-\\nsultation with Generals Smitli and Price, both of\\nthem seemed perfectly satisfied with the reliability\\nof the messages received. I was informed of the\\npurported strength of this order, and also informed\\nthat they would rally to our standard as soon as", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 211\\nwe got a foothold in the State; that I was to be\\npromoted and placed in command of this accession\\nto our Rrmj. Such were General Price s written\\ninstructions from General Smith. General Price\\nwas under the impression that this Order of the\\nKnights of Missouri/ as well as numbers of South-\\nern men outside this order, would join the Confed-\\nerate Army as soon as tliey knew he was in the\\nState with his corps, and that would increase his\\narmy b}^ at least 20,000 men. But we found that\\nour increase would be but a few thousand men of\\nall ages, and that the F ederals had complete con-\\ntrol of the State of Missouri.\\nIn addition to the lodges in Missouri there were\\nthe Golden Circles of Illinois. These also prom-\\nised great aid to Price, if only he came to Missou-\\nri. Missouri had a large Pawpaw^ militia, men\\npressed unwillingly into the Federal service by the\\nGamble order. There was a groundless fear\\namong the Federals that the Pawpaw militia\\nhad an understanding with the Knights and that\\na general revolt was in process of incubation. No\\nintimation had reached Rosecrans that Price had\\nany information of the volcanic conditions in Mis-\\nsouri. He had not heard even a whisper of Price s\\ncoming. He raised a number of provisional regi-\\nments, to serve for one year, not to meet Price, but\\nto resist the Pawpaw militia insurection and the\\nthreatened uprising of the Knights. He deemed\\nthe danger of so grave a nature that he ordered the\\narrest of the Belgian consul atSt. Louis, who was", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "212 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\nat the head of the order of Knights/ together\\nwith some forty other members, including the sec-\\nretary and the treasurer of the order.\\nGeneral Price crossed the Arkansas Elver at\\nDardanelle, and entered Missouri with three divi-\\nsions, under Marmaduke, Shelby, and Fagan. Pa-\\ngan s troops were mainly Arkansan veterans, com-\\nmanded by Brigader Generals Cabell, McKae,\\nSlemmons, and Colonel Dobbins; among the regi-\\nmental commanders were Colonels Munroe, Hill,\\nGordon, Reeves, Baker, Crandall, Crawford, Witts,\\nMcGee, and Anderson. This division had two\\nrifled guns made in Texas. Marmaduke s division\\nwas commanded by Generals Clarke, Graham,\\nand Tyler, and Colonels Freeman, Lowe, Bristow,\\nGreen, Jeffries, Burbridge, Fauthers, and Kitchen.\\nShelby s division was commanded by Generals\\nJeff. M. Thompson and Jackman Colonels Smith,\\nSlayback, Hunter, Coleman, Coffee, Crisp, and\\nSchnable; Lieutenant-Colonels Irwin and Elliott;\\nand Major Shaw. With these forces Price marched\\ninto the State. Rosecrans thought that Price had\\nabout 5,000 men and that he would turn west along\\nthe Osage River and join the Indian commanders,\\nCooper, Maxey, and Gano, and might attempt\\nto invade Kansas. Rosecrans made many mis-\\ntakes. His fame suffered at Chickamauga in his\\ncontact with Bragg, and it was further dimmed by\\nhis experience with Price in Missouri. Rosecrans\\nfirst heard of the presence of Price s army in But-\\nler and Stoddard counties. He then revised his", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "PRICES GREAT RAID. 213\\nformer conclusion; he thought St. Louis must be\\nthe objective point of the expedition and was con-\\nsequently greatly alarmed. Reports were conflict-\\ning and sensational. General A. J. Smith, on his\\nway down the river to Memphis, was ordered to\\ndisembark with his command at Jefferson Bar-\\nracks, and he reported for duty toKosecrans. Gen-\\neral Ewing, who two years before issued Order\\nNo. 11, was ordered to Pilot Knob. This place\\nwas attacked by Fagan and Marmaduke, while\\nShelby proceeded from Fredericktown to Potosi,\\nfighting battles and driving before him or captur-\\ning everything as he went. A hard day s fight at\\nPilot Knob was necessary to convince Ewing that\\nhe must retreat or be captured. The battle con-\\ntinued all day with severe losses to the Confeder-\\nates. During the night a force of carpenters made\\nladders with which the Federal walls were to be\\nscaled next day. About four o clock in the morn-\\ning a loud explosion shook the earth and awakened\\nevery sleeping soldier. The ladder-makers all\\nthrew down their hammers. The Confederates\\nfelt a sense of relief. Everybody knew what had\\nhappened. Ewing had evacuated the fort and had\\nblown up the magazine. The three divisions now\\nmarched toward Jefferson City, which Price pro-\\nposed to take. Thos. C. Reynolds, who had been\\nelected lieutenant-governor of the State of Mis-\\nsouri in 1860, was to be inaugurated governor of\\nthe State, vice Governor Jackson, deceased. He\\nwas present with the army, on Shelby s staff, for", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "214 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIANS.\\nthe purpose of being inaugurated. The Federals\\nhurried forward heavy forces to defend the capital\\nof the State. General Sanborn came in from\\nSpringfield; McNeil arrived from Rolla; General\\nBrown came from Warrensburg; General Fisk\\ncame up from St. Louis, each with his command.\\nAt the Osage River, not far from Jefferson City,\\nwhere the Confederates crossed. Colonel Shanks\\nwas dangerously but not mortally wounded, in one\\nof the innumerable skirmishes that marked the\\nprogress of the expedition.\\nIt was now October 8, 1864. The day before.\\nPrice s army gathered like a cloud of destruction\\nabout the capital of the State. Governor Reynolds\\nlooked at the great dome of the capitol from the\\nadjacent hills and longed for the hour of his inaug-\\nuration. In after days, Reynolds, w^ho was a\\nscholar and a smooth, finished writer, attacked\\nGeneral Price in a letter which charged the great\\nMissouri leader with incompetency and with mis-\\nmanagement of the expedition. Perhaps Rey-\\nnolds bitterness had its inception that morning,\\nOctober 8th. On that morning Price turned his\\nback on Jefferson City, his own capital, where a\\ndecade before he abode as the civil ruler at the\\nhead of the commonwealth. He turned his army\\nsquare to the left and marched westAvard in a sort\\nof triumph across the State; and, as he went, drove\\nFederals before him, gathered recruits, tore up\\nrailroads, burnt bridges, destroyed telegraph lines,\\ncaptured towns and garrisons, increased his train", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 215\\nfrom 300 to 500 wagons, and in doing all this ac-\\ncomplished somewhat the purpose for which he\\nleft Arkansas, by drawing after him in pursuit all\\nthe Federal soldiers in the eastern part of the\\nState.\\nGeneral Fiske reported by wire to General Cur-\\ntis at Kansas City that on the fith and 7th se-\\nvere fighting had occurred around Jefferson City.\\nThen the wires ceased to work, and Curtis heard\\nno more until Blunt and Lane met Price at Lex-\\nington on October 20th, and retreated before him.\\nGeneral Pleasonton arrived at Jefferson City\\non the day Price marched away westward. Here\\nhe remained until about the 20th to expedite the\\nmovement forward of General A. J. Smith s in-\\nfantry and artillery from St. Louis. He assigned\\nGeneral Sanborn to the command of the forces to\\ngo in immediate pursuit of Price. The first brig-\\nade of Federals was composed of the First, Fourth,\\nand Seventh Missouri State Militia, and a battal-\\nlion of the First Iowa Cavalry, commanded by\\nColonel John F. Philips, now United States judge\\nin Kansas City. The second brigade was com-\\nposed of the Third, Fifth, and Ninth Missouri\\nState Militia, and the Seventh Illinois Cavalry,\\ncommanded by Colonel Beveridge. Colonel J. J.\\nGraverly commanded a regiment. McNeil, Brown,\\nCatherwood, Winslow, and others, accompanied\\nby General Pleasonton, reinforced Sanborn with\\ntheir commands at Waverly on the 20th, at the\\ntime Smith arrived at Sedalia, These forces ag-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "216 BATTLEi^ AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\ngregated an army larger than the Confederate\\nforces whom they were closely following.\\nAfter leaving Jefferson City, Price s army came\\non leisurely toward Lexington with Pleasonton s\\nimmense army rolling in his rear. He was joined\\nen route by Quantrell, Todd, Anderson, and all the\\nguerrillas in the State. These did service as\\nscouts and they participated in all the battles, suf-\\nfering many losses. Anderson was killed as he\\nmarched up the north side of the river, and Todd\\nfell near Independence. An army, as it marches,\\nthrows out many feelers in all directions. Gen-\\neral Clark was ordered to cross the river and to\\nrecruit from the northern side as he passed up.\\nGeneral Jackman also crossed the river, and\\nmarched his men through the neighborhood of\\ntheir homes. General Jeff. Thompson, who had\\nShanks regiment, marched to Sedalia, terminus of\\nthe Missouri Pacific Railroad, and occupied the\\nplace. At California, Marmaduke faced about and\\nadministered severe punishment to the Federals\\nhanging on his rear; at Tipton, Fagan charged\\nback on Pleasonton; while Shelby and Jackman\\nmade flank movements.\\nPleasonton s impetuosity was here converted\\ninto timidity. But if Pleasonton learned a lesson\\nat California and Tipton, so did Price. The latter\\nhastily dispatched couriers to Jeff. Thompson at\\nSedalia, and to Clark beyojad the river, with orders\\nto rejoin the main army. With a large, aggressive\\narmy behind him, and a force of unknown magni-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 217\\ntude ahead of him, Price must keep his own army\\ncompact and well in hand. General Clark cap-\\ntured Glasgow and Shelby forced the surrender of\\nBoonville. All the commanders in Price s army\\ncaptured and paroled many prisoners.\\nBy the time Price reached Dover and Waverly\\nall of his large forces scouting off to the right and\\nto the left had been brought together. If Price s\\narmy had been enlarged by the accretion of raw\\nrecruits, it had also suffered a depletion by the\\nwithdrawal of hundreds and hundreds of seasoned\\nveterans, who dropped out to spend a few days or\\na few hours with their families, whom they might\\n15", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "2lS ByXTTLEH AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MiSSOURlA^S.\\nChapter XXL\\nPRICE S GREAT RAID.\\nFROM LEXINGTON TO WESTPORT.\\nEz fer war, I call it murder,\\nThere you hev it, plain an flat;\\nI don t want to go no furder\\nThan my Testyment fer that.\\nLoicvU, Bi(/h)ir PaprvR.\\nWhen Price arrived at Lexington he found his\\nold camp at the fair grounds occupied by Blunt,\\nwho I iij across his pathway ready to dispute his\\nfurther progress towards Kansas. Shelby, lead-\\ning the advance as usual, precipitated the battle\\nin a furious charge, and was as furiously met by\\nBlunt. These two had met before in bivouac\\nand battle, at Cane Ilillj Ark. Blunt was a stub-\\nborn fighter. His position was invariably at the\\nfront. In this battle he personally directed the\\naction of his artillery, while Jim Lane, Senator\\nfrom Kansas, stood in the ranks and used a Sharp s\\ncarbine. Shelby knew in a general way that the\\nmen confronting him were Kansans. It was\\nenough to know. He had marched all the way\\nfrom Arkansas for such an opportunity. The bat-\\ntle raged for some time when Blunt retreated and\\nPrice came up and occupied for a few hours his old\\ncamp of the days of Mulligan.\\nThere was intense and reciprocal hatred be-\\ntween Price s army and the Federal army gather-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 219\\niug ominously in Price s front All Federal sol-\\ndiers encountered in or near the border counties\\nwere loatliingly denominated Jayliawkers, or\\nlled-Legs by Price s men, while among the Fed-\\nerals Price and all his followers were reproach-\\nfully designated ^^J^ushwhackers and ^^guerril-\\nlas/ Such epithets in those days were used with\\nthe bitterest animosity. Kansans and Missouri-\\nans had alike suffered since the beginning of the\\nwar in 61. Crimes had been committed in both\\nStates and revenge was rife in the hearts of men.\\nThe veterans of the two armies had seen their com-\\nrades fall on many a hard-fought field. The final\\nreckoning was now to be made. Those on both\\nsides who fought from Lexington to Westport\\nthought less perhaps of the great national issues\\nthey were assisting to determine than of the local\\nscores so long uppermost in their minds. The war\\nperiod of our State cannot be understood without\\na full comprehension of the feelings existing be-\\ntween the people of Missouri and Kansas. The\\nold troubles died with the termination of the war,\\nand the people of the two States are ornaments to\\nthe nation s life and to our human race.\\nWhen Curtis heard of the westward movement\\nof Price from Jefferson City, he was thoroughly\\nalarmed for the State of Kansas, over which he\\nestablished martial law. He urged Governor Car-\\nney to call out the entire State militia to check the\\nunscrupulous marauders and murderers. Hinton\\nsays: Peril waited at every man s door and in-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "220 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nvasion was the skeleton at many a farmer s fire-\\nside. In three days the entire fighting poulation\\nof Kansas seemed to be marching toward the Mis-\\nsouri line. The men came without a change of\\nclothing; each had a blanket or buffalo robe and a\\nhaversack and each was expected to be self-sup-\\nporting, according to the instructions contained in\\nthe call. Curtis stopped all boats from running\\ndown the river past Kansas City; only one boat\\ncame up, and it had been fired on by Mart Rider\\nand a hundred scouts.\\nPrice halted but briefly at Lexington. There\\nwas a maiftfest eagerness among his officers and\\nhis men to strike the Kansans in front. Blunt\\nhurried away from Lexington and by two o clock\\nthat night reached Little Blue, east of Independ-\\nence five miles. He attempted to burn the bridge,\\nbut Marmaduke arrived in time to extinguish the\\nflames and save the structure for immediate Con-\\nfederate use. After the Rebel army and train had\\nsafely crossed, the bridge was destroyed and the\\npursuing Federals were compelled to ford the\\nstream, and were thus delayed several hours.\\nMarmaduke, who was now in the lead, promptly\\nattacked Blunt The Federal commander skill-\\nfully deployed Jennison s Red-Legs and Moon-\\nlight s Kansas militia to the right and left in the\\nshelter of the woods and behind stone fences; he\\nwas able to hold Marmaduke s extreme advance;\\nreinforcements soon arrived from Independence\\nand Kansas City. General Curtis himself came", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 221\\ndown and assumed management of the battle.\\nMarmaduke, feeling new distress in front, dis-\\npatched a swift horseman to the rear for reinforce-\\nments, and Price sent him Shelby, who was now at\\nthe extreme rear, guarding the train. Fagan was\\nmarching in the center and his forces might have\\nbeen more quickly brought to Marmaduke s aid.\\nBut Fagan s men had no personal feeling against\\nthese Kansans, as had Shelby s. Fagan s men,\\ntherefore, stood aside while Shelby thundered by,\\nevery man in his command impatient for the fray.\\nMeantime the Federals were receiving constant\\nadditions of fresh troops. Shelby massed his\\ntroops on Marmaduke s left. The battle had raged\\nfrom early morning until nearly twelve without\\nintermission and with multiplied arms. As the\\nfight grew fiercer the Federals were driven back.\\nNearly every inch of ground between Little Blue\\nand Independence was hotly contested. The losses\\nwere heavy on both sides. Finally, after eight\\nhours of constant battle and slow retreat, the Fed-\\nerals broke into a run, and, dashing away from In-\\ndependence, sought rest and shelter behind the\\nworks on the west bank of the Big Blue. A halt\\nwas made in Independence long enough for Curtis\\nto read to his troops a dispatch of Sheridan s vic-\\ntory at Fisher Hill, Va. Hinton says, as the Fed-\\nerals were leaving Independence, citizens ap-\\npeared on the streets to scoff at our retiring troops,\\nand welcome their congenial traitors. The peo-\\nple of Independence knew their boys were com-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "222 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\ning home. The boys were then coming up the\\nhill east of town, and in a few moments Captain\\nMaurice Langhorne dashed into the streets at the\\nhead of his company. The Rebel army camped in\\nand around Independence that night, October 21,\\n1864\\nIt was the duty of General Cnrtis to select the\\nfield of the battle in which Price was to be met and\\noverthrown. Obviously Little Blue and not We^t-\\nport was the field for the great battle, but Curtis\\ncould not induce the Kansans to leave their own\\nState. They came to its boundary, but would not\\npenetrate into Missouri, for fear of being away\\nfrom home on election day. They wanted to vote\\nfor Lincoln. The pending November election was\\nin evidence throughout this campaign. Price\\nhoped to prevent the election of Fletcher to the\\ngovernorship of Missouri, and Governor Reynolds\\nfought like a Turk at Little Blue, w^here he prob-\\nably expected the final contest. At Little Blue,\\nPleasonton was in nearer proximity with his main\\narmy to Price s main army than he ever was after-\\nward. Price might here have been ground to\\natoms between the upper and nether millstones,\\neven without the Kansas militia. The Federals\\nhad easily three times as many men as Price had,\\nand Price was surrounded and cooped in a valley,\\nwhere such a man as Grant would have crushed\\nhim like an egg-shell. But Curtis was not a great\\ngeneral and he failed signally at Little Blue; he\\nthrew away his first, his only opportunity to bag", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 223\\nPrice s entire army. The Federal eommander-in-\\ncliief was disgusted. In his report General Grant\\nsaid: The impunity with which Price was en-\\nabled to roam over the State of Missouri for a long\\ntime shows to how little purpose a superior force\\nmay be used.\\nGeneral Curtis decided that the Big Blue\\nshould be the scene of the great battle, lie forti-\\nfied that stream for fifteen miles with rifle-pits and\\nbreastworks, defended everywhere in front by\\nabattis. At all the crossings troops were massed\\nin heavy forces and Curtis believed he could de-\\nfend his long line against Price s comparatively\\nsmall army. But Price had fought too many big\\ngenerals to be deterred by a few Jayhaw^kers and\\nRed-Legs under a man of the Curtis caliber; he\\nhad crossed too many large rivers to be much de-\\nlayed by a stream no larger than the Big Blue. He\\nexpected Curtis to get out of his way and let him\\npass on to Leavenworth. On Saturday, after he\\nhad crossed the Big Blue, General Price sent word\\nto Leavenworth that he w^ould take six o clock din-\\nner there Sunday evening.\\nCurtis w^as something of an engineer a skill-\\nful engineer, said his partisans and his prepara-\\ntions along the Big Blue were elaborate. General\\nDeitzler was placed on the left at the crossing be-\\ntween Independence and Kansas City, near the\\nMissouri River. To the ri \u00c2\u00bbht of Deitzler, up the\\nstream at Simmons ford, Curtis stationed Colonels\\nMoonlight and Pennock. Above this a force was", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "224 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nstationed at Hinkle s cattle ford. Still further up\\nthe stream was Byrom s ford, occupied by Colonel\\nJennison and his Ked-Legs. The next ford\\nabove this was the Eussell or Hickman Mills\\ncrossing, held by General Blunt. All these fords\\nwere fortified. Curtis established his headquar-\\nters a mile west of Byrom s ford.\\nOn Saturday morning Sanborn and McNeil\\ncharged into Independence, captured two of Ca-\\nbell s guns, and a number of prisoners. General\\nMarmaduke, who the day before lost two horses in\\nbattle, barely escaped capture at the hands of Mc-\\nNeil. Early that morning Shelby had sent Jack-\\nman forward and followed quickly himself toward\\nByrom s ford and Hickman Mills crossing. Cap-\\ntain C. W. Rubey, of Sanborn s staff, says: On\\nthe 22d the Confederates, with a portion of Shel-\\nby s division, attacked the two fords named, which\\nwere the keys to General Curtis position, forced\\nthem and sent the defenders in retreat westward.\\nColonel Jennison s force, after a resistance of an\\nhour or two, was driven from Byrom s ford and\\npursued to the Kansas line at Westport. General\\nBlunt, owing, as he said, to the misconduct of some\\nof his men, was speedily sent flying from Hickman\\nMills, after a rather serious loss, and did not stop\\nuntil he reached Olathe, well into Kansas. Then,\\nof course, finding his right flank completely\\nturned. General Curtis, with the remainder of his\\nforces, fell back to Kansas City and Westport\\nShelby crossed the Big Blue at Byrom s ford", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 225\\nand pushed straight on for Westport. At dusk,\\nWestport lay just before him, almost within range\\nof his guns. Two Federal brigades came out to\\nresist his entrance into the town. A short, sharp\\nengagement took place. The Federals lost two of\\ntheir guns and 217 of their men were killed. Shel-\\nby remained right there until morning. When\\nnight came, Saturday, October 22d, Curtis mag-\\nnificent line along the Big Blue had been driven\\nback five miles, and all of Curtis fortifications\\nalong the stream had been passed and left in the\\nrear, unoccupied by the advancing and triumphant\\nConfederates. Price had brought across the Blue\\nhis entire army and his splendid train of 500 wag-\\nons and 5,000 head of cattle, accompanied by\\nthousands of unarmed recruits. The dreams that\\nnight were of conquests on the morrow. Price\\nknew that some forces were operating against his\\nrear, but he did not suspect that Pleasonton, with\\nan army of 20,000 troops, double his own army,\\nwould leap upon him in the morning. He gave\\nthose in his rear scarcely a thought and those in\\nfront concerned him but little. He would march\\nalmost unchecked to Leavenworth.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "226 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nChapter XXII,\\nPRICE S GREAT RAID.\\nTHE BATTLE OF WE ST PORT.\\nOur bugle sang truce for the night cloud had lowered,\\nAnd the sentinel stars set their watch in the sky;\\nAnd thousands had sunk on the ground overpowered,\\nThe weary to sleep and the wounded to die.\\nThe Federals at Kansas City used to count five\\nseasons for Missouri: sprinc:, summer, autumn,\\nPrice s raid, and winter. Price came every sum-\\nmer, or a part of his army. The people of Kansas\\nlearned to fear Price after the battle of Wilson\\nCreek in 1861, when he marched to Lexin^on and\\nbesieged and captured Mulligan in the face of\\n50,000 Federal troops* Since 1854 Kansans had\\nlived in almost hourly fear of armed invasions\\nfrom Missouri, and when they saw the intrepid\\nPrice marching northward from Wilson Creek\\nwith banners of victory held high, they believed\\nthat he was coming to them and that their day\\nof doom had dawned. From that fearful hour\\nPrice became the bugbear, the hefe noire of Kan-\\nsas. Now as he approached their border with a\\nmighty army, whose course from the South and\\nthrough Missouri had been unchecked, a cry of\\nterror almost shook the petals from the sunflow-\\ners. A flood of angry, dismayed Kansans poured\\ndown to resist the advance of the fearful Price.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 227\\nNever did a people act with greater promptitude\\nand determination tlian did the people of Kansas\\nat this time. They came to Westport, the point\\nthreatened, and beat back the foe so long feared.\\nThis battle was the last between Missouri and\\nKansas. At Westport lie buried the animosities\\nthat precipitated, through a series of 3- ears, many\\na gory conflict botAveen two erring peoples. Over\\nthe bloody graves at Westport the Missourians and\\nKansans shook hands and swore undying friend-\\nship. Sunday morning dawned cool and clear.\\nThe Confederate cliieftains had apparent reason\\nto be satisfied with the prospect. The night had\\nbeen peaceful, and over all in front of Westport\\nthere, the glad, bright sky sj^read a tearless man-\\ntle; the wind blew itself to silence; the night\\nwaned slowly; and sweet sleep put its sickle in\\namong the soldiers and reaped tenderly a soft har-\\nvest of harmonious dreams. Strange that Ed-\\nwards should have said this Edwards, who puts\\nhimself to trouble to blame Gen. Price for the disas-\\nters, impending but unseen. Edwards was a prose\\npoet, not a war critic. He essays to criticise Price\\nfor not turning south at Independence; blames him\\nbitterly for camping south of Westport on Satur-\\nday night, instead of escaping southward with his\\ntrain. It is evident that Price had no expecta-\\ntion that retreat would become necessarv^ neither\\nhad Shelby any such expectation, nor Marma-\\nduke, nor Cabell, nor Fagan. Let Edwards testify", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "228 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nagainst himself while describing the situation on\\nSaturday night:\\nThe chieftains uuder Price had marched far\\nand fought little for this night s bivouac upon\\nthe plains of Missouri. The fleet of horsemen\\nhad anchored in mid-ocean, and the sails were\\nall furled and the pennons were still. In the\\ndead calm of the admiral s slumber there was no\\nwhite line of breakers seen to the westward; and\\nthe hollow mutterings of the storm rolled no angry\\nwaves from the north. Confidence spread a great\\nsleep-hunger over all the soldiers and they ban-\\nqueted until sunrise. A fitful, gusty, moaning\\nnight was half of it, too, when the elements por-\\ntend calamity and death. Grouped around the\\ndead Kansans were Shelby s warriors, indifferent,\\ntired, and hungry. They neither knew nor dread-\\ned their danger. ^Shelby takes us in and Shelby\\ncan take us out, they argued ^so sleep, boys, while\\nyou may. Poor fellows, in the utterance of this\\nsimple confidence they knew not the sorrow it gave\\nthe impatient leader, lying among his guns and\\npeering out through the darkness toward West-\\nport. Away over to the left yonder, where a few\\nfickle grass fires leaped like ignes fatui into light,\\nis couched the wary Marmaduke, anxious, nerv-\\nous, but prepared for great things to-morrow. He,\\ntoo, has seen, and felt, and argued; but noth-\\ning came of it at all. That great fused, welded\\nmass of shadows around him is his old brigade;\\nfarther away a little, the long, irregular, zigzag", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 229\\nfire-line marks the borderers under Freeman; and\\nnearer than both, with its little blue, silken ban-\\nner, fringed and fabricated by one of the whitest,\\nqueenliest hands in Arkansas, is his escort, under\\nthe intrepid Stollard Shelby s gift toMarmaduke.\\nIn the rear of these two folded, dormant wings,\\ntwo miles off, stands a large frame house, jubilant\\nwith lights and moving figures, the headquarters\\nof the commander-in-chief. The handsome caval-\\nier, Fagan, is there with his tried Arkansans, and\\nthe wind toys with the long locks of the soldier and\\nruffles the gold lace on his elegant uniform. Fagan\\nhad ever a keen eye for nature, and he enjoyed the\\ndelightful scene^ a land ocean, with armies for\\nfleets and stars for beacons. The brave, proud\\nCabell is uneasy in his massive repose, yet he\\nthought only, as the smoke curled up from his\\nbivouac pipe, how he would fight to-morrow, and\\nhow he would hurl his splendid brigade back to\\nregain his battery.\\nPerhaps in all the range of American literature\\nthere is not another such a mixture of fact and\\nfancy as this quotation discovers. The fancy is\\nharmless, save where it stoops to innuendo against\\nPrice.\\nPrice s army was most admirably disposed for\\na Sunday march to Leavenworth. The immense\\ntrain of 500 wagons and a band of 5,000 cattle, ac-\\ncompanied by the necessary teamsters and herd-\\ners, had crossed the Big Blue during the day, Sat-\\nurday. The train was also accompanied by 2,000", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "230 BATTLED AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\nor 3,000 unarmed recruits, unfortunate impedi-\\nmenta in event of lieavy ligliting-. The train\\nlialted south of Westport for the night, after an\\neasy, ten-miles journe}^ from Independence, inter-\\nrupted some hours at the Big Blue. In the rear of\\nthe train were Marmaduke and Fagan. Shelby\\nwas between the train and the Federals at West-\\nport. These Federals at Westport had been se-\\nverely punished and beaten at sundown on Satur-\\nday evening, and little ai^prehension was felt from\\nthat quarter. The march westw ard and into Kan-\\nsas would hardly be checked. Neither Price nor\\nShelby could know what a furor their coming had\\ncreated all over Kansas; they did not know that\\npractically the entire fighting population of Kan-\\nsas had concentrated to dispute their crossing the\\nState line. Neither could Price nor Marmaduke\\nknow that Pleasonton was massing such an over-\\nwhelming force in their rear.\\nEarly on Sunday morning, October 23, 1864,\\nGeneral Pleasonton, who took personal charge of\\nthe pursuing Federals at Waverly, ordered Colonel\\nJohn F. Philips forward from Independence to\\nclear the fords of the Big Blue, guarded by Marma-\\nduke and a part of Fagan s divisions. For hours\\nthe crossing was contested with unabated and de-\\ntermined fury. The Federals came up in force\\nand Marmaduke fell slowly back. In an hour the\\nentire Federal army, except A. J. Smith s in-\\nfantry, debouched upon the high and spacious\\nplain extending between the Blue and Westport.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RATD. 23 1\\nThe great battle of Westport was fought on this\\nenchanting pastoral landscape. The scene was\\ninspiring; 35,000 troops could be seen with a single\\nsweep of the glass, moving in the picturesqueness\\nof battle and the regularity of parade. Marmaduke\\nstood doggedly across the oad, and Pleasonton\\nhurled forward brigade after brigade. Soon Mar-\\nmaduke was losing ground, inch b} inch; he could\\nneither withstand the onsets of Pleasonton nor\\ncould he retreat; one horn of the dilemma meant\\ndestruction, the other meant a rout. In this ex-\\ntremity he appealed to Shelby. But Shelby was\\nstruggling near Westport in very much the same\\npredicament. Again and again Marmaduke sent\\nmessengers impatiently to Price and to Shelby witli\\norders to say that he must give way if not rein-\\nforced. Marmaduke held back the Federals until\\ntheir impact became irresistible. Time had been\\ngained and Price was moving southward. The\\nFederal forces released by the withdrawal of Mar\\nmaduke now came into action against Shelby.\\nPrice had sent an order for Shelby also to retreat^\\nbut Shelby could not retreat; he was grappling in\\na death struggle with Curtis and could not break\\naway without destruction, immediate and terrible.\\nBut let General Shelby tell his own story:\\nThe 23d of October dawned upon us clear,\\ncold, and full of promise. My division moved\\nsquarely against the enemy at eight o^clock, in\\nthe direction of Westport, and very soon became\\nfiercely engaged, as usual. The enemy had re-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "232 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIANS.\\ngained all the strong positions taken from them\\nthe day before b}^ General Thompson, and it be-\\ncame imperatively necessary to force that flank of\\nthe enemy back. Inch by inch and foot by foot\\nthey gave way before my steady onset. Regiment\\nmet regiment and opposing batteries draped the\\nscene in clouds of dense and sable smoke.\\nWhile the engagement w^as at its height, Col-\\nlins burst one of liis Parrotts, but fought on with\\nhis three guns as if nothing had happened. Again\\nwere the Federals driven within sight of West-\\nport, and here I halted to re-form my lines, natu-\\nrally brolvcn and irregular by the country passed\\nover, intending to make a direct attack upon the\\ntown.\\nAbout twelve o clock I sent Jackman s brig-\\nade back to the road taken by the train, for it was\\nreported that General Marmaduke had fallen back\\nbefore the enemy although he had never notified\\nme of the fact, or I never saw his couriers, which I\\nlearned afterward were sent and thus my whole\\nflank and rear w^ere exposed. Jackman had\\nscarcely reached the point indicated when he met\\nan order from General Fagan to hasten to his help\\nat a gallop, for the entire prairie in his front was\\ndark with Federals.\\nJackman dismounted his men in the broad\\nand open plain and formed them in one long, thin\\nline before the huge wave that threatened to en-\\ngulf them. Collins, with one gun, hurried forward", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 233\\nto help Jackman and opened furiously upon the\\nadvancing enemy.\\nOn and on, their great line overlapping Jack-\\nman by one-half, they came to within eighty yards.\\nDown went that line of gray, and a steady stream\\nof bullets struck them fairly in the face, until they\\nreeled, scattered, and fled. But the wing that ex-\\ntended beyond and around Jackman s left rode on\\nto retrieve the disaster of their comrades, and\\ncame within thirty paces at full speed. Again a\\nmerciless fire swept their front; again Collins\\npoured in double charges of grape and canister,\\nand they, too, were routed and driven back, when\\nGeneral Fagan thanked Colonel Jackman on the\\nAfield of his fame, fresh and gory. It was a high\\nand heroic action, and one which shines out in our\\ndark days of retreat like a ^cloud by day and a pil-\\nlar of fire by night.\\n^There on an open prairie, no help or succor\\nnear, no friendly reserves to cover and protect a\\nretreat, Jackman dismounted with almost the for-\\nlorn determination of Cortez, who burnt his ships,\\nresolved to conquer or die. Fresh lines of Feder-\\nals forced Jackman to mount his horses and he fell\\nback after the train, fighting hard.\\nNow my entire rear was in possession of the\\nenemy, and the news was brought when Thomp-\\nson was fighting for dear life at Westport. With-\\ndrawing him as soon as possible, and with much\\ndifficulty, for he was hard pressed, I fell back as\\nrapidly as I could after the retiring army, the force\\n16", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "234 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0VRIAN8.\\nI had been fighting at Westport coming up just be^\\nhind, when, reaching the road, the prairie in my\\nrear was covered almost by a long line of troops,\\nwhich at first I supposed to be our own men. This\\nillusion w^as soon dispelled, and the two great\\nwaves, uniting, came down upon one little brigade\\nand Colonel Slayback s regiment The prospect\\nwas dark and desperate.\\nNot a tree or bush was to be seen for weary\\nmiles and miles, and no helping army could be seen\\nanywhere. I knew the only salvation w^as to\\ncharge the nearest line, break it if possible, and\\nthen retreat rapidly, fighting the other. The or-\\nder was given. Thompson and Slayback fell upon\\nthem with great fury, mixed in the melee, and un-\\nclasped from the deadly embrace weak and stag-\\ngering. In attempting to re-form my lines, which,\\nafter breaking through and through the Federals,\\nwere much scattered, an enfilading battery of six\\nguns swept the whole line and another in front\\nopened with terrific effect At the same time the\\ncolumn which followed me from Westport came\\ndown at the charge, and nothing was left but to\\nrun for it, w hich was now commenced.\\nThe Federals, seeing the confusion, pressed on\\nfuriously, yelling, shouting, and shooting, and my\\nown men, fighting every one on his own hook,\\nwould turn and fire and then gallop away again.\\nUp from the green sward of the waving grass two\\nmiles off a string of stone fences grew up and\\ngroped along the plain a shelter and protection.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GRiJAT RAID. 235\\nThe men reached it. Some are over; others are\\ncoming up, and Slayback and Gordon and Black-\\nwell and Elliott are rallying the men, who make a\\nstand here and turn like lions at bay. The fences\\nare lines of fire, and the bullets sputter and rain\\nthicker upon the charging enemy. They halt, face\\nabout, and withdraw out of range. My command\\nwas saved and we moved off after the army, trav-\\neling all night.\\nThe people at Leavenworth could hear the in-\\ncessant din of battle of the forenoon. They were\\nin consternation. Late in the afternoon the bat-\\ntle roar grew fainter and then the wires quivered\\nwith news that Price was retreating south. The\\npeople could hardly give credence to such happy\\nnews until Curtis wired that martial law had been\\nabolished.\\nDuring the battle General Curtis had his head-\\nquarters on the roof of the Harris Hotel in West-\\nport. From here a view of nearly the entire bat-\\ntle-field could be obtained. J udge W. R. Bernard,\\nstill a resident of Westport, was called first lieu-\\ntenant of the Home Guards. On the day of the\\nbattle he was appointed aid to General Curtis, and\\nwas with Curtis all day on the roof of the hotel.\\nJudge Bernard says of the battle: With\\npowerful field-glasses I could see little bunches\\nof men skirmishing about. I had never seen a\\nbattle before, and it did not look much like war\\nto me. Away off to the south I could see a cloud\\nof white smoke which told of a battery at work,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "236 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nand the faint boom of the cannon would come\\nto us when the wind was in the right direction.\\nNearer at hand, right across Brush Creek, were\\nShelby and his men. We could see them plainly\\nat times and the bullets from their guns came into\\nthe town. General Curtis was fighting to keep\\nShelby out of the town. His adjutant was Colonel\\nCloud. Every once in a while Colonel Cloud would\\ngo down to the street and send a regiment against\\nShelby. The men would cross Brush Creek, climb\\nthe hill, fire a volle}^ and come scampering back.\\nThen Colonel Clond would come up and take an-\\nother look. We could see little squads of men\\nkicking up the dust off to the south and hear vol-\\nleys of shots. It was not very exciting, and I\\nasked the colonel if that was the way battles were\\nfought. I did not see many men killed and it\\nlooked as if a lot of lead was being wasted. The\\ncolonel said that battles were fought in that\\nmanner.\\nAfter several regiments had been sent against\\nShelby and had come tumbling back, Colonel Cloud\\ncame up on the roof and said to Curtis ^General,\\nthat s the third time those regiments have gone\\nup there and come back. I propose to send them\\nup next time dismounted, and they 11 have to stay\\nand fight The general said, ^All right, and a reg-\\niment was dismounted, every fifth man taking\\ncharge of the horses, which were taken back up\\nPenn Street out of the way. That regiment didn t\\ncome back in a hurry.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "PBICE 8 GREAT RAID. 237\\nShelby was making things pretty lively out on\\nthe Wornall road. The bulk of the fighting was\\nat the Ward place, where the Country Club is.\\nThe Ward pasture, which is part of the Country\\nClub golf links, was the scene of some pretty hot\\nfighting. A big old tree stands in this pasture,\\nand around it Shelby had a lively fight After the\\nbattle we picked -up several dead Confederate\\nsoldiers there. There was fighting all around\\nthe Ben Simpson house, and a cannon-ball went\\nthrough the front gable of it. The hole was there\\nfor some time, but it has been covered up. Farther\\nalong the road, at tlie Wornall house, which w^as\\nused by the Confederates as a hospital, there was\\nsome lively fighting, and I was told that one of the\\nprettiest contests of the day took place there be-\\ntw^een a squad of Shelby s cavalry and a Federal\\nbattery. The cavalry charged, the battery using\\ntheir pistols, and drove the gunners away.\\nAlong in the middle of the afternoon a shell\\nfrom Shelby s battery fell almost within the town,\\nscaring the people and alarming General Curtis.\\nIt struck on the high land just north of Brush\\nCreek, about what would be Forty-third and Penn\\nstreets if Penn were cut through Bunker Hill it\\nis called. At that General Curtis ordered a re-\\ntreat. He sent word to Colonel Tom Moonlight,\\nw^ho was at the Shawnee Mission and didn t see\\nmuch of the fighting, to come in, but Moonlight\\nwent the other way and did not pass through", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "238 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0VRIAN8.\\nWestport. Then, with his staff, General Curtis\\nretired to Wyandotte.\\nGeneral Pleasonton said, among other things,\\nin his report\\nBrigadier General E. B. Brown was ordered\\nto move his brigade forward and attack the enemy\\nat daylight and keep pushing him vigorously^ as\\nhe would be well supported. Not finding any at-\\ntack being made, I went to the front I found\\nBrown s brigade on the road, so disordered as to be\\nin no condition for fighting, and General Brown\\nhimself had made no provisions for carrying out\\nmy order. I immediately arrested him and also\\nColonel McFerran, of the First Missouri State Mili-\\ntia, whose regiment was straggling all over the\\ncountry, and he was neglecting to prevent it, and\\nplaced Colonel Philips, of the Seventh Missouri\\nState Militia, in command of Brown s brigade.\\nThe night previous, at Independence, I had\\nordered General McNeil to proceed with his brig-\\nade from that point to Little Santa Fe, and to\\nreach that latter point by daylight. General Mc-\\nNeil failed to obey this order, but came up to the\\nBig Blue, some five or six miles above the point at\\nwhich the rest of the division was fighting, about\\n12 m. on the 23d, and instead of vigorously attack-\\ning the enemy s wagon train, which was directly\\nin front of him, with but little escort, he contented\\nhimself with some skirmishing and cannonading,\\nand the train escaped. The Rebel general Marma-\\nduke stated after he was captured that had Mc-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 239\\nNeil attacked at this time, they would have lost\\ntheir whole train. I trust that this conduct upon\\nthe part of General McNeil will meet the marked\\ndisapprobation of the major-general commanding,\\nas it has mine.\\nFinding that General Brown had not attacked\\nthe enemy on the morning of the 23d of October at\\nthe Big Blue, I immediately ordered Winslow s\\nand Philips brigades into action, with Sanborn\\nsupporting, and after a very obstinate battle the\\nenemy were driven from their position to the prai-\\nrie on the Harrisonville road beyond the Big Blue.\\nIt was then about one o clock in the day, and the\\nenemy, in very heavy force, were fighting the Kan-\\nsas forces at Westport under General Curtis. My\\nappearance on the prairie caused them to retreat\\nfrom before Curtis on the Fort Scott road, and in\\npassing they formed to attack my position. A\\nbrigade of their cavalry charged the right of San-\\nborn s brigade and shook it considerably, but I or-\\ndered up six pieces of artillery and by means of a\\ndouble-shotted canister soon caused them to halt\\nand finally beat a hasty retreat.\\nMajor John N. Edwards estimated the loss to\\nShelby alone, who bore the heaviest fighting, at\\nover 800 in killed.\\nThe battle of Westport was an important en-\\ngagement. It had an important bearing on the\\ngreat national contest. Price having departed\\nfrom the State, the Federal soldiers were with-\\ndrawn to the east side of the Mississippi River,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "240 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIAN^S.\\nChapter XXIIl.\\nPRICE S GREAT RAID.\\nTHE RETREAT.\\nFor the third time General Price was forced to\\nturn his back on the Missouri Eiver: once at Boon-\\nville, when Lyon came up the river with soldiers in\\nboats; once at Lexington, after Mulligan had sur-\\nrendered; and finalh^ at Westport, where he was\\ndefeated by Curtis and Pleasonton. He departed\\nwith great hope the first time; he went with both\\nhope and defiance the second time; but the third\\ntime he rushed away at panic speed, fully con-\\nvinced that he would never again visit Missouri as\\na warrior. He had failed. Nor had he fought all\\nthe Federals brought forward to be thrown against\\nhim. General A. J. Smith s infantry were at In-\\ndependence w^hen the thunder of artillery came\\nfrom Westport. Smith marched to Harrisonville\\nand was in no battle during Price s raid. There\\nis nothing so pitiful as the retreat of a vanquished\\narmy; nor so pitiless as the pursuit of the victors.\\nThe flight of Price from Westport to Fayetteville,\\nArkansas, was marked by misery; the pursuit by\\nBlunt was relentless; the skirmishes and battles\\nwere implacable. The rout of retreat was strewn\\nwith wrecks of wagons, scattered camp equipage,\\nabandoned tents, clothing, guns, dead horses and\\ndead men, both Federal and Confederate. The line\\nI", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0248.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 241\\nof retreat was well marked by other evidences of\\nwarfare. Shelby, according to Edwards, was\\nleaving Kansas and taking terrible adieus. He\\nwas fighting the devil with fire and smoking him to\\ndeath. Haystacks, houses, barns, produce, crops,\\nand farming implements were consumed before\\nthe march of his squadrons, and what the flames\\nspared the bullet finished. On those vast plains\\nout west there, the jarring saber-strokes were un-\\nheard and the revolvers sounded as the tapping of\\nwoodpeckers. Shelby was soothing the wounds\\nof Missouri by stabbing the breast of Kansas.\\nBut in spite of Shelby s prowess, and of Fagan s\\nwatchfulness, and of Cabell s hard fighting, and of\\nPrice s fatherly solicitude, the retreat was calam-\\nitous. At Mine Creek, just beyond the Marais des\\nCygnes, occurred the greatest misfortune of the\\nraid. Generals Marmaduke and Cabell were made\\nprisoners of war, carried triumphantly back to\\nKansas City, thence to Sedalia, and from there to\\nSt. Louis, and thence to Boston Harbor. Marma-\\nduke and Cabell were at the rear covering the re-\\ntreat. The Federal advance in two brigades, un-\\nder Colonel Benteen and Colonel John F. Philips,\\nsucceeded in crossing somewhere above Marma-\\nduke s position, while the main Federal army\\ncharged straight ahead with accustomed impetu-\\nosity. Marmaduke sent away, one at a time, the\\nmembers of his staff, all seeking to bring reinforce-\\nments, for the peril was imminent and the very\\nexistence of the Confederate army was at stake,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0249.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "242 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOVRIANS.\\nThe Federals, who had crossed above, came on\\nfiring and yelling. Marmaduke, who was near-\\nsighted, mistook them for the expected reinforce-\\nments coming to his assistance, and he shouted to\\nthem to stop shooting. But the Federals knew\\nwhat they were doing and bore down on Mar-\\nmaduke, surrounding him instantly. Marmaduke\\nyielded up his stainless sword. Cabell, old\\nTige, was captured at the same time. It was a\\nfearful hour for the Confederates. Marmaduke s\\nstaff, in the hot, swift moments preceding his cap-\\nture, had been dispatched everywhere over the\\nfield with orders, entreaties, threats, and com-\\nmands. There was deep grief on E wing s bright\\n3^oung face, as he rode back from the fatal field.\\nPrice s handsome features were wet Avith tears;\\nand the peerless Moore [Colonel John C. Moore, of\\nKansas Qity], cool and grim outwardly as a Pala-\\ndin, felt sick at heart and sorrowful. (Edwards.)\\nAt this battle the Confederates lost heavily of\\narms, equipage, wagons, and cannon, besides the\\nirreparable loss of men, captured and killed.\\nShelby had gone on ahead in order to secure a lit-\\ntle rest for his worn soldiers, after fighting for\\ndays in the rear. Price sent for Shelby to come\\nback and save tlie army. He faced about and\\nagain confronted the advancing Federals and for\\na brief period stayed their progress, then resumed\\nhis march after the retreating army.\\nThe pursuit was continued, Sanborn leading.\\nThe Confederates were overtaken again at the", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0250.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 243\\nMarmiton as tliey-had been at the Little Osage\\nand the Marais des Cygnes. Heavy fighting oc-\\ncurred again, but after a brief but stubborn resist-\\nance the Confederates passed over and proceeded\\nsouth in the darkness. Arkansas was finally\\nreached. The march had been unprecedented for\\ncourage, speed, endurance. In six days 204 miles\\nhad been traversed. At Newtonia, Blunt had\\ncharged upon the exhausted Confederates; Shelby,\\nas usual, ordered his veterans to the rear, accom-\\npanied by Jackman, and a terrific battle was\\nfought. Blunt was so severely j)unished, although\\nultinuitely victorious, by aid of reinforcements,\\nthat he grew circumspect and cautious. He there-\\nafter refrained from provoking heavy engage-\\nments. Price reached the Arkansas Biver on the\\n6th of November. Winter now overtook the army\\nand the worst stage of misery was now encoun-\\ntered. There were no rations and the desolate\\narmy staggered on without hope. Small-pox\\nan ally of winter carried off hundreds. Shelby\\nsought and obtained permission of Price to turn\\noff on the Canadian Biver with his command,\\nwhere a profitable week was spent in hunting and\\nfeasting. Finally Price reached Clarksville, a lit-\\ntle village in Northern Texas, and the great raid\\nwas at an end.\\nIn military circles Price s great raid was pro-\\nclaimed one of the most brilliant campaigns of the\\nwar. Price wanted to spend the winter on the\\nMissouri Biver, For years he had been the most", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0251.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "244 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIAN8.\\ncolossal figure in Missouri, whether in civil or mil-\\nitary life. He believed he could raise an arm;^ in\\nMissouri by stamping his foot. If his great raid\\nfell short of the expectations which animated him\\nat its beginning at Camden, he nevertheless lived\\nand died believing it more a success than a failure.\\nDoubtless the verdict of history will conform to\\nhis belief. The Pawpaw militia failed him ut-\\nterly; the Knights and the Golden Circle failed\\nhim; perhaps in his heart of hearts he expected\\nthese to fail him. But from the body of the peo-\\nple he did gather recruits, and in satisfactory num-\\nbers, judging from his report to General Smith.\\nDoubtless he found the Federals more strongly en-\\ntrenched in the State and more numerously posted\\nthan he expected to find them. He reported on\\nDecember 28, 1864, to General E. Kirby Smith, the\\ncommander of the Trans-Mississippi Department:\\nI traveled 1434 miles; fought 43 battles and skir-\\nmishes; captured and paroled 3,000 officers and\\nmen, captured 18 pieces of artillery, 3,000 stands\\nof small-arms, 16 stands of colors which I brought\\nout, at least 3,000 overcoats, large quantities of\\nblankets, shoes, and ready-made clothing for sol-\\ndiers; destroyed miles of railroad; burned bridges\\nand depots; destroyed property to the amount of\\n110,000,000. I lost 10 pieces of artil-\\nlery, 2 stands of colors, 1,000 small-arms, while\\nI do not think I lost 1,000 prisoners. I\\nbrought with me at least 5,000 recruits.\\nNotwithstanding all this, he was liberally crit-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0252.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "PRICE S GREAT RAID. 245\\nicised for not doing more. Governor Kejnolds\\nwrote a scathing letter to the public/ in which\\nGeneral Price was soundly abused and in language\\nso elegant that Major John K Edwards found oc-\\ncasion subsequently to adopt bodily many of its\\nsentences and all of its philosophy. Before clos-\\ning his long letter, Governor Keynolds says:\\nThough the expedition has failed to accom-\\nplish the grander objects aimed at, yet the good\\nresults inevitable under even the worst man-\\nagement have been obtained. It produced some\\ndiversion in favor of Forest, and enabled thous-\\nands of our citizens to join our ranks; some\\ncame out with the army, and others are gradu-\\nally finding their own way to our lines. Thus the\\narmy of the department is really stronger than\\never. The old troops will, with proper discipline,\\nsoon again be the magnificent brigades which in\\nSeptember crossed the Missouri line.\\nThe moral power of our State in the Confeder-\\nacy is vastly increased by the fact that thousands\\nfrom our sister States, for the first time visiting\\nour populous central counties, have heard the pul-\\nsations of the great heart of Missouri, and cheer-\\nfully testified that it is sound and true to our cause,\\neven after three years of oppression by the en-\\nemy and imagined desertion by their Southern\\nbrethren.\\nThe fact is worth noting, though not mentioned\\nby either Reynolds or Edwards, that a heavy\\nmajority of troops in Price s army, at the time of", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0253.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "246 BAfTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF 3II8S0URIAN8.\\nthe great raid, were not Missourians. Price s vast\\narmy of young men slept beneath the sod. The\\ngraves of his young soldiers of three years before\\nbillowed the earth throughout the South, on both\\nsides of the Mississippi River. Perhaps those who\\ncame with Price, visiting, as Keyuolds says, our\\ncentral counties for the first time, fought as val-\\niantly as Missourians could have fought; perhaps\\nPrice comanded these strangers as skillfully as he\\ncould have commanded Missourians; yet these in-\\nvading soldiers, fighting like veterans, were not all\\nveterans. Reynolds and Edwards, and some still\\nliving whom I could name, believed Price should\\nhave marched straight to St. Louis, occupied the\\nplace, subjugated the State of Missouri, marched\\ninto Illinois, and from thence proceeded eastward\\nand northward until utterly destroyed by Federal\\nforces drawn off from the armies of Thomas in\\nTennessee and Grant in front of Richmond. Mor-\\ngan s raid was to be repeated on a grander scale.\\nAll those who have since regretted that Price did\\nnot make this really wild raid, admit with great\\nunanimity that the army would have been de-\\nstroyed. Price knew tliat such a campaign would\\nbe suicidal. History will not condemn Price for\\nsaving his army.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0254.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "ORDER No. 11. 247\\nChapter XXIT.\\nORDER No. 11.\\nIf tell st this heavy story right,\\nUpon my soul the hearers will shed tears;\\nYea, even my foes will shed fast-falling tears,\\nAnd say, Alas! it was a piteous deed.\\nShakespeare.\\nHistory is a voice sounding up from the past\\nwith no whisper of the future. History repeats\\nitself in nothing save in teaching over and over\\nthe doctrine of the old Hebrew prophets, that a\\nmoral force and a divine purpose govern the affairs\\nof men. One writer defines histoi y as an epic\\nconceived in the spirit of God. Another writer\\nsays: All history is an imprisoned epic nay, an\\nimprisoned psalm and prophecy. But the histo-\\nrian s task may well cease when he has presented\\nthe facts in their proper relation to each other.\\nSuch is the limit here assigned to the treatment of\\nOrder No. 11.\\nOn the 19th of August, 1863, Quantrell and his\\nmen broke camp on the Blackwater in Johnson\\nCounty, Mo., and marched into Kansas; two days\\nlater, they made the famous raid on Lawrence, the\\nhome of Jim Lane. On August 25th the famous\\nOrder No. 11 was issued. Order No. 11 was issued\\navowedly on account of the Lawrence raid.\\nKansas and Missouri had been at war along\\nthe border since 1854. Slavery extension and", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0255.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "248 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nsquatter sovereignty originated with these two\\nwhen, as territories, they advanced respectively\\ntoward Statehood. Bad men, clothing themselves\\nwith the contentions of patriotic citizens, crossed\\nthe boundary line from either State to the other\\nand committed crimes of every kind from petit\\nlarceny to foul murder. Professor Spring, of the\\nKansas University, says that while the Missouri-\\nans committed crimes black enough, the Jay-\\nhawkers were the sapeiicr devils. When the war\\ncame up, some of the best men of Missouri, such as\\nGenerals Frost and Bowen and Colonel Up. Hays,\\nwere standing guard with armed forces to prevent\\nincursions of Kansas marauders. After the great\\nCivil War was well on, the guerrillas of Missouri\\nundertook to checkmate these marauders and to\\nretaliate upon Kansas for the misdeeds in Missouri\\nof such men as Pennock, Jennison, and others.\\nJim Lane burned Neosho, Missouri, and Quantrell\\nburned Lawrence, Kansas.\\nGeneral Schofield, who, with headquarters at\\nSt. Louis, commanded the x\\\\rmy of the Frontier\\nfrom April 1 to September 20, 1863, held that the\\nborder counties of Kansas could be immuned\\nagainst the Missouri guerrilas if the border coun-\\nties of Missouri were depopulated. He explained\\nthat the guerrillas would quietly assemble at a\\npoint agreed upon, then boldly ride over the coun-\\ntry, harassing Union men, attacking detachments\\nof Federal troops and occasionally making forays\\ninto Kansas. If chased by superior forces, they", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0256.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0257.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0258.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "ORDER No. 11. 249\\ndispersed and scattered in the border counties of\\nMissouri and were reabsorbed by the peaceable\\nportion of the community or were safely harbored\\nby non-combatants, from whom they became in-\\ndistinguishable. General Schofield determined,\\ntherefore, to remove all the inhabitants, loyal and\\ndisloj al alike, from certain counties, and to seize\\nall the proAdsions and provender which the citi-\\nzens in departing might be forced to abandon.\\n^General Order No. 11.\\nHeadquarters District of the Border,\\nKansas City, August 25, 1863.\\n1. All persons living in Jackson, Cass, and\\nBates counties, Missouri, and in that part of Ver-\\nnon included in this district, except those living\\nwithin one mile of the limits of Independence,\\nHickman s Mills, Pleasant Hill, and Harrisonville,\\nand except those in that part of Kaw Township,\\nJackson County, north of Brush Creek and west of\\nBig Blue, are hereby ordered to remove from their\\npresent places of residence within fifteen days\\nfrom the date hereof.\\nThose who within that time establish their loy-\\nalty to the satisfaction of the commanding officer\\nof the military station near their present place of\\nresidence will receive from him a certificate stat\\ning the fact of their loyalty, and the names of the\\nwitnesses by whom it can be shown. All who re-\\nceive such certificates will be permitted to remove\\nto any military station in this district, or to any\\n17", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0259.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "250 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOVRtANS.\\npart of the State of Kansas, except the counties of\\nthe eastern border of the State. All others shall\\nremove out of the district. Ohicers commandinoj\\ncompanies and detachments serving in the coun-\\nties named will see that this paragraph is promptly\\nobeyed.\\n2. All grain and hay in the field or under\\nshelter, in the district from which inhabitants are\\nrequired to remove, within reach of military sta-\\ntions after the 9th day of September next, will be\\ntaken to such stations and turned over to the\\nproper officers there and report of the amount so\\nturned over made to district headquarters, speci-\\nfying the names of all loyal owners and amount of\\nsuch product taken from them. All grain and hay\\nfound in such district after the 9th day of Septem-\\nber next, not convenient to such stations, will be\\ndestroyed.\\n3. The provisions of General Order No. 10\\nfrom these headquarters will be at once vigorously\\nexecuted by officers commanding in the parts of\\nthe district and at the station not subject to the\\noperations of paragraph 1 of this order, and espe-\\ncially the tow^ns of Independence, Westport, and\\nKansas City.\\n4. Paragraph 3, General Order No. 10 is re-\\nvoked as to all who have borne arms against the\\nGovernment in the district since the 20th day of\\nAugust, 18G3.\\nBy order of Brigadier General Ewing.\\nZT. Hannahs, Adjt-Gen l.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0260.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "ORDER No. 11. 251\\nThe news of the order quickly reached the re-\\nmotest corners of the district aft ected. In a fcAV\\ndays the highways of the land were rife with fuj;i-\\ntives, courageous Avoinen and little children, de-\\ncrepit old men and young boys. They drove sniall\\nherds of cattle, or a few flocks of sheep, belonging\\nto three or four families, which for mutual assist-\\nance usually went together. The household goods\\nwent in rickety wagons drawn by oxen or super-\\nannuated, horses, exempted from army service be-\\ncause too feeble to carry a soldier.\\nThe wisdom of Order No. 11 has been very ably\\nattacked by General Geo. C. Bingham. The ne-\\ncessity and righteousness of the order has been\\nably presented by General Schofleld. Let these\\ntwo be heard. General Bingham was the artist\\nfrom whose painting our illustration is taken. He\\nwas a Federal officer, but such was his antipathy\\nto the Kansans that he refused to march to the re-\\nlief of Mulligan at Lexington, where he might have\\nto associate with Kansas troops. General Ewing,\\nwho was in command at Kansas City, issued Order\\nNo. 11. Upon him fell the bitter condemnation of\\nGeneral Bingham. When General Ewing was the\\nDemocratic candidate after the war for the gov-\\nernorship of Ohio, General Bingham visited that\\nState, exhibited his famous painting, made speech-\\nes, and with relentless antagonism contributed to\\nSwing s defeat. General Ewing asked General\\nSchofleld for a letter in defense of Order No. 11.\\nThe letter follows:", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0261.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "252 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nWest Point, N. Y., Jan. 25, 77.\\nGeneral TJiomas E icing Lancaster, 0,:\\nMy dear General, I avail myself of the first\\nopportunity that has presented itself to reply in\\ndetail to your letter of the 30th of December last.\\nIt was in May, 1863, that the command of the\\nDepartment of the Missouri devolved upon me,\\nand you were soon after assigned to command the\\ndistrict which embraced Missouri and Kansas.\\nThe condition of that border at once became the\\nsubject of earnest consideration. The guerrilla\\nwarfare, which had been waged in that district,\\nwith only temporary intermissions, for two years,\\nhad finally degenerated, as all such contests are\\nliable to do, into revolting barbarism. Civiliza-\\ntion and humanity demanded its prompt suppres-\\nsion, whatever might be the means necessar^^ to\\nthat end.\\nA large majority of the people had already\\nbeen driven from their homes, or had voluntarily\\nleft them. None remained beyond the immediate\\nprotection of the military posts, except such as\\nwere, whether voluntarily or not, useful to the\\nguerrillas. Those who remained were simply pur-\\nveyors for these border warriors, furnishing them\\nwith provisions, forage, and temporary shelter\\nnecessary for their operations.\\nThere were two, and only two, possible ways\\nby which this border war could be stopped. The\\none was to permanently station in that region\\ntroops enough to protect all the people, drive out", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0262.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "ORDER No. 11. 253\\nall the guerrillas, and prevent their return. The\\nother was to remove the source from which the\\nguerrillas obtained their supplies. The latter was\\nproposed by you, and at once admitted by me as a\\nmeasure absolutely necessary to be adopted, if the\\nformer was impracticable, but I preferred the for-\\nmer, and hence hesitated to adopt the latter. But\\nI had the States of Missouri, Arkansas, Kansas, and\\nNebraska, and Colorado and the Indian Territory\\nover four hundred thousand square miles of dis-\\ntributed territory to take care of, and operations\\nagainst the Confederate Army in Arkansas to be\\nprosecuted. It was difficult to spare even a small\\nforce to guard the border of Kansas and Missouri.\\nThere had already come a demand upon me from\\nWashington to send all possible reinforcements\\nto General Grant, who was besieging Vicksburg.\\nTo this, all minor considerations had to yield. The\\npreservation of a few farms, with their crops, in\\nWestern Missouri, or anywhere else, could not be\\nconsidered for a moment in comparison with the\\nsuccess of Grant s army in opening the Mississippi\\nto the Gulf. Of course, I had sent to General\\nGrant all the troops I had in reserve, and had at\\nthat time none left to reinforce you on the borders\\nof Kansas.\\nSoon after, the guerrilla operations culmina-\\nted in the fiendish massacre of the defenseless peo-\\nple of Lawrence. There was no longer any ques-\\ntion what must be done, and you promptly issued\\nthe order, which had before been considered and", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0263.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "254 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\ndiscussed. A few days thereafter, I Adsited you at\\nKansas City and went to Independence. I spent\\nseveral days in investigating the subject and con-\\nversing wuth the people who had left their homes\\nin obedience to your order. There was left no\\nroom for doubt of the necessity of the measure that\\nhad been adopted; hence, after a comparatively\\nunimportant modification, I approved your order\\nand thus assumed the whole, or at least my full\\nshare, of the responsibility for it. Upon returning\\nto St. Louis, I made a full report of the matter\\nto President Lincoln, explaining the necessity of ij\\nwhat had been done and assuming the responsibil-\\nity therefor. Neither that humane President nor\\nany other officer of the Government ever uttered\\none word dissent as to the wisdom, justice, or\\nhumanity of that policy, and I now repeat that the\\nresponsibility for the policy was fairly shared with\\nyou by the President and by me in proportion to\\nour respective rank and authority.\\nYou understand that I have no desire in this\\nto throw responsibility on President Lincoln, nor\\nto defend mvself. I have never re^rarded that act\\nas requiring exculpation. On the contrary, it was i\\nan act of wisdom, courage, and humanity, by ^vhich\\nthe lives of hundreds of innocent people were saved\\nand a disgraceful conflict brought to a summary\\nclose. Not a life was sacrificed, nor any great dis-\\ncomfort inflicted in carrying out the order. The\\nnecessities of all the poor people were provided for\\nand none was permitted to suffer.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0264.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "ORDER No. 11, 255\\nA few unthinking people have no doubt sup-\\nposed that the order was an act of retaliation for\\nthe massacre at Lawrence. Nothing could be\\nmore absurd. The farmers of western Missouri\\nwere not regarded in anywise responsible for\\nQuantrell s acts. Whether they were willing or\\nnot made no difference. If they raised crops, his\\nmen lived upon them, as did also our troops when\\nthey had occasion. A larpe proportion of these\\ncitizens who were in good circumstances had vol-\\nuntarily ceased this unprofitable purveying and\\nhad gone elsewhere. It was simply an act of dis-\\npassionate wisdom and humanity to stop it alto\\ngether. To call your order an act of inhumanity\\nor of retaliation upon the people of Missouri is like\\naccusing the Kussian commander of similar crimes\\nagainst the people of Moscow when he ordered the\\ndestruction of that city to prevent its occupation\\nas winter quarters by the army of Napoleon.\\n^^For my own part I have been and am still en-\\ntirely content to leave to impartial history the ap-\\nproval or condemnation of each of my official acts\\nduring the late war. But it is simply justice that\\nyou, who have been censured by some for your cel-\\nebrated order, have this statement of the facts in\\nregard to it, for such use as 3^our just vindication\\nmay require.\\nI am. General, very truly your friend and\\nobedient servant, M. Schofield,\\nMajor-General.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0265.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "256 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nJefferson City, Feb. 22, 1877.\\n^Editor Repiihlican:\\n^Dear Sir, We, the undersigned members of\\nthe Missouri Legislature, representing counties em-\\nbraced in the desolating order of General Thomas\\nEwing issued in 1863, in justice to our constituents\\nwho were sufferers therefrom respectfully request\\nthat the enclosed communication from General\\nBingham, in reply to the recent letter from Gen-\\neral Schofield vindicating said order, may be given\\na place in 3- our paper.\\n(7. N. Nolan, Jackson County.\\nHenry H. Craig, Jackson County.\\nF. Wallace, Jackson County.\\nStephen P. Twish, Jackson County.\\nSenator 0. T. Ballingiil, Jackson County.\\nWm. Hall, Vernon County.\\nJohn JI. Snllens, Bates County.\\nJ. F. Brookhart, Cahs County.\\nEditor RepuhUcan\\nMy attention has been called to a letter which\\nappeared in your paper yesterday, written by\\nMajor-General Schofield, now in charge of the Mil-\\nitary Academy at West Point, and addressed to\\nGeneral Thomas Ewing, of Lancaster, Ohio, for\\nthe purpose of relieving that gentleman from the\\nodium which he has justly incuri ed by the well-\\nknown and infamous military order issued by him\\nin 1863, in the enforcement of which a large and\\npopulous district of our State, embracing several\\ncounties bordering on the State of Kansas, was", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0266.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "ORDER No. 11. 257\\nutterly desolated its inhabitants driven from\\ntheir homes, their dwellings committed to the\\nflames, and their farms laid waste.\\nThe general has exercised a caution, charac-\\nteristic of all great military commanders, in allow-\\ning nearly fourteen years to transpire before ven-\\nturing upon the defense of a measure which for\\nheartless atrocity has no parallel in modern an-\\nnals. He will be apt to discover, however, that\\nthere are those yet surviving who will be able to\\nconfront him in this prudently delayed effort to\\nsubordinate history to the service of tyrann}^\\nHe ventures to assert that ^the order was an\\nact of wisdom, courage, and humanity, by which\\nthe lives of hundreds of innocent people were saved\\nand a disgraceful conflict brought to a summary\\nclose. That ^not a life was sacrificed, nor any\\ngreat discomfort inflicted in carrying out the or-\\nder, and that ^the necessities of the poor people\\nwere provided for and none w^ere permitted to suf-\\nfer. Never did an equal number of words embody\\na greater amount of error. The order was, soon af-\\nter it was issued, denounced by the late Gen. Blair,\\nas an act of imbecility. Upon the supposition that\\nit was intended to aid the cause of the Union and\\nweaken the Rebellion, his denunciation was cer-\\ntainly just. In view, however, of its purpose as\\nrevealed by its actual results, in the ruin of thous-\\nands of our citizens and the speedy transfer of their\\nmovable w^ealth to their dishonest neighbors in\\nKansas, it must be confessed that it exhibited the", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0267.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "258 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nconsummate wisdom of the serpent. Never was a\\nrobber}^ so stupendous more cunningly devised or\\nsuccessfully accomplished, with less personal risk\\nto the robbers. As an act of purely arbitrary\\npower, directed against a disarmed and defenseless\\npopulation, it was an exhibition of cowardice in\\nits most odious and repulsive form. As outraging\\nevery principle of justice and doing violence to\\nevery generous and manly sentiment of the human\\nheart, its title to be regarded as an act of human-\\nity can only be recognized by wretches destitute of\\nevery quality usuall}^ embraced under that appel-\\nlation. It did not bring ^a disgraceful conflict to\\na summary close. It, indeed, put an end to pred-\\natory raids of Kansas ^Red-Legs and Jayhawkers,\\nby surrendering to them all they coveted, leaving\\nnothing that could further excite their cupidity;\\nbut it gave up the country to the bushwhackers,\\nwho, until the close of the war, continued to stop\\nthe stages and rob the mails and passengers, and\\nno one wearing the Federal uniform dared to risk\\nhis life within the desolated district,\\n^^I was present in Kansas City when the order\\nwas being enforced, having been drawn thither by\\nthe hope that I would be able to have it rescinded,\\nor at least modified, and can affirm, from painful\\npersonal observation, that the sufferings of the un-\\nfortunate victims were in many instances such as\\nshould have elicited sympathy- even from hearts of\\nstone. Bare-footed and bare-headed women and\\nchildren, stripped of every article of clothing", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0268.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "ORDER No. 11, 259\\nexcept a scant covering for their bodies, were ex-\\nposed to the heat of an August sun and compelled\\nto struggle through the dust on foot. All their\\nmeans of transportation had been seized by their\\nspoilers, except an occasional dilapidated cart, or\\nan old and superannuated horse, which were neces-\\nsarily appropriated to the use of the aged and\\ninfirm.\\n^It is well-known that men were shot down in\\nthe very act of obeying the order, and their wagons\\nand effects seized by their murderers. Large\\ntrains of wagons, extendins: over the prairies for\\nmiles in length, and moying Kansasward, were\\nfreighted with eyery description of household fur-\\nniture and wearing apparel belonging to the exiled\\ninhabitants. Dense columns of smoke arising in\\neyery direction marked the conflagrations of dwell-\\nings, many of the evidences of which are yet to be\\nseen in the remains of seared and blackened chim-\\nneys, standing as melancholy monuments of a\\nj uthless military despotism which spared neither\\nage, sex, character, nor condition. There was\\nneither aid nor protection afforded to the banished\\ninhabitants by the heartless authority which ex-\\npelled them from their rightful possessions. They\\ncrowded by hundreds upon the banks of the Mis-\\nsouri Kiver, and were indebted to the charity of\\nbenevolent steamboat conductors for transporta-\\ntion to places of safety where friendly aid could be\\nextended to them without danger to those who\\nventured to contribute it. General Schofield repre-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0269.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "260 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nsents the counties embraced in the order as having\\nbeen nearly depopulated by *a savage guerrilla\\nwarfare, which for two years had been waged\\ntherein, thus attempting to make it appear that\\nthe order operated only on a few remaining far-\\nmers, who, ^whether they sympathized with the\\nguerrillas or not, were mere furnishers of supplies\\nto these outlaws.\\n^It is true that such w^arfare had been waged,\\nbut the largest portion of the guerrillas engaged\\nin this warfare were the well-known Mayhawkers\\nand Ked-Legs of Kansas, acting under the author-\\nity of no law, military or civil, yet carrying on\\ntheir nefarious operations under the protection\\nand patronage of General Ewing and his predeces-\\nsors from the State of Kansas. The others, consti-\\ntuting the more determined and desperate class,\\nwere chiefly outlawed Missourians, known as bush-\\nwhackers, and claiming to act under Confederate\\nauthority. Their members, however, were at all\\ntimes insignificant in comparison with the Federal\\ntroops stationed in these counties.\\n^^As the inhabitants had all been disarmed by\\nFederal authority, they were powerless to resist\\nthese outlaAVS, and, as General Schofield admits,\\nwere compelled to yield to their demands, whether\\nwillingly or unwillingly. Yet they were not, as\\nGeneral Scofield s affirms, mere furnishers of sup-\\nplies to these outlaws. On the contrary, it may be\\nsafely asserted that the supplies furnished by them\\nto the Federal forces, if properly estimated, would", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0270.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "ORDER No. 11. 261\\nreach twenty times, if not fifty times, the amount\\nforced from them by bushwhackers. These des-\\nperate characters could at any time have been ex-\\nterminated or driven from the country had there\\nbeen an earnest purpose on the part of the Federal\\nforces in that direction, properly braced by a will-\\ningness to incur such personal risks as become the\\nprofession of a soldier.\\nBut the guerrilla warfare in these counties\\nhad not, at the date of this order, nearl}^ depopu-\\nlated them, as alleged by General Schofield. The\\ninhabitants possessed fertile and valuable lands.\\nMany of them had become wealthy, and all pos-\\nsessed comfortable homes, from which neither the\\ntyranny of their military rulers nor the frequent\\ndepredaticms of Kansas Red-Legs and Confed-\\nerate bushwhackers had succeeded in expelling\\nthem. The sweeping and indiscriminate order,\\ntherefore, operated in all its diabolical and ruinous\\nforce upon a population quite as numerous as then\\ninhabited an equal number of any other border\\ncounties of our State. I was present when an offi-\\ncer reported to General Ewing that several hun-\\ndred citizens, in obedience to the order, had re-\\nported to the military post at Harrisonville, Cass\\nCounty, had proved their loyalty to the satisfaction\\nof the officers in command there, and earnestly re-\\nquested that they might be armed in order to de-\\nfend themselves and their property. This reason-\\nable request was refused, it being doubtless in-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0271.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "262 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\ntended that their property should supply other\\nwants than those of its owners.\\nIf it shall become necessary, I feel confident\\nthat it can be easily shown that not a reason given\\nby General Schofield in justification of this crime\\nagainst humanity has any just basis in fact relat-\\ning thereto. His efforts to make it appear as the\\nresult of a necessity analogous to that which w^ar-\\nranted the conflagration of Moscow is sufficient to\\nexcite the risibility of any one familiar with the\\ntwo cases. Napoleon was entering Moscow with\\na victorious and overwhelming force in the midst\\nof a Russian winter, during which his only reliance\\nfor subsistance would have been upon the supplies\\nstored within the limits of the city. The destruc-\\ntion, therefore, of these was the salvation of the\\nRussian empire. In the case of the measure which\\nhe undertakes to defend the overwhelming force\\nwas with General Ewing, whose duty it was to\\nprotect the people and exnel the bushwhackers\\nwho infested their country. In doing this, how-\\never, he would necessarily have exposed himself\\nand command to a few casualties incidental to\\nwar. He therefore adopted the policy, safest to\\nhimself, of expelling the disarmed and defenseless\\npeople, leaving the country in possession of their\\nenemies, who had no difficulty in procuring all the\\nsupplies they needed in the counties immediately\\nadjoining.\\nSuch an order could scarcely be justified as\\ndirected against communities on a level in deprav-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0272.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "ORDER No. 11. 263\\nity with the ancient denizens of Sodom and Gom-\\norrah. Yet those whom it embraced in its ruinous\\nswoop, in all the virtues Avhich characterized a\\nChristian community, Avould not have suffered in\\ncomparison with any other rural population.\\nTheir political character may best be determined\\nby a few facts of their history. In the election for\\nmembers of our State Convention early in 1861, in\\nwhich the question of secession was distinctly in-\\nvolved, not a single vote in the entire district des-\\nolated by this order was cast for a secession candi-\\ndate, and those charged with being inclined in that\\ndirection were defeated by overwhelming majori-\\nties. During the entire period of the war, out-\\nraged and oppressed as they were, they furnished,\\nat every call for troops to replenish the forces of\\nthe Union their full quota b}^ volunteers, thus re-\\nsponding to the necessities of their Government\\nwithout the compulsion of a draft.\\nGeneral Schofield ungenerously attempts to\\nmake President Lincoln jointly responsible with\\nhimself and General Ewing for the execution of\\nthis order. It is evident, however, that the assent\\nand approbation of the President were predicated\\nsolel} on the representations of his general, and\\nnot upon the actual facts relating to the matter, of\\nwhich he could have had no personal knowledge.\\nIt can be proved that he went up to Kansas City\\nfrom his headquarters in St. Louis for the purpose\\nof rescinding this order, from the execution of\\nwhich purpose in harmony with the noble instincts", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0273.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "2B4 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nof humanity, he was likely deterred by the same\\ncommanding influence which has induced him to\\nattempt its defense.\\n^^General Ewing has doubtless discovered that\\nthis, his crowning- military achievement of 1863,\\nwas not of a nature as well calculate i to secure the\\nfavor of the Democracy with whom he is now asso-\\nciated, as it was to win to his support the ^Jay-\\nhawkers and corrupt rabble of Kansas, through\\nwhose aid, there is reason to believe, he then\\nlooked for political preferment, and thence his ef-\\nfort arising from necessities of his shifted aspira-\\ntions, to secure for it a gloss, which his associate\\nin responsibility therefor has endeavored to put\\nupon it, at the sacrifice alike of justice and truth.\\nG. a Bingham,\\nJefferson City, Feb. 22.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0274.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "QUANTRELL AND HIS MEN. 265\\nChapter XXV.\\nQUANTRELL* AND HIS MEN.\\nKnow thou this, that men are as the time is.\\nShalccsiKarc,\\nAfter the expulsion of Price s army from Mis-\\nsouri, the guerrillas alone kept up the tumult\\nand turmoil with the Federals. Sometimes Price,\\nShelby, or Marmaduke raided the State. These\\nraids, however, were spasmodic and infrequent.\\nBut Quantrell and his men were a sort of perpet-\\nual motion. At first blush, the guerrilla warfare\\nseems anomalous, but a slight analysis discovers\\nthat it w as transmitted from direct and unequiv-\\nocal antecedents. The guerrilla was an offspring\\nof monstrous conditions prevailing among the\\nearly settlers of Missouri and Kansas. He came\\nof the best and gentlest blood, and the true guer-\\nrilla was never a coward or poltroon.\\nEdwards says of the guerrilla: He believed\\nthat the patriotism of Jennison and Lane was\\nhighway robbery transformed from darkness to\\ndawm. Desperate and remorseless as he undoubt-\\nedly was, the guerrilla saw^ shining down upon\\nhis pathway a luminous patriotism, and he fol-\\nlowed it eagerly that he might kill in the name\\nof God and his country.\\nWilliam Clark Quantrell w^as the greatest\\nguerrilla the world ever produced, and as such he\\nThis name, according to Capt. W. H. Gregg, should be spelled Quantrill.\\n18", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0275.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "266 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIAN8.\\nhas his place in universal history. This strange,\\ntaciturn, undemonstrative leader was born of ex-\\ncellent parentage at Hagerstown, Maryland, July\\n20, 1836. He received a good English education.\\nAfter leaving school, he joined an older brother\\nin Kansas, and the two started in wagons for\\nPike s Peak. They were overtaken by a band of\\nthirty-two Kansas Jayhawkers, who seized the\\nmules and the wagons, and left the two Quan-\\ntrells weltering in their own blood, and supposed\\nto be dead. The younger one, William Clark\\nQuantrell, lived. For two days and nights he lay\\nwatching and swooning by his dead brother. An\\nold Indian and his squaw were the good Samar-\\nitans who saved the future guerrilla chief. Quan-\\ntrell went to Lawrence, joined the Kansas State\\nMilitia, became an expert with a pistol, learned\\nthe names of his assailants and his brother s as-\\nsassins, and, as opportunity offered, shot every\\none of them through the temple, except two who\\nhad moved to California. He was known simply\\nas Charles Hart, and was patient, grave, uncom-\\nmunicative, well dressed, and he stood high\\namong his acquaintances; he was given import-\\nant duties in the command, and was generally\\nregarded as a capable man.\\nQuantrell organized at Lawrence an Under-\\nground Eailroad expedition into Missouri for the\\npurpose of running off the negroes belonging to\\nMorgan Walker, who lived near Blue Springs.\\nQuantrell apprised the Walkers of the intended", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0276.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "QUANTRELL AND HIS MEN. 267\\nraid, and arranged to assist in the extirpation of\\nthe band. There were four men with Quantrell,\\nand he led them into Walker s house, where they\\nwere all killed. Three of these, according to\\nEdwards, belonged to the thirty-two above\\nmentioned.\\nAfter this, Quantrell remained in Jackson\\nCounty. He assisted Colonel Gill, father of Judge\\nTurner A. Gill, and Mr. Lipscomb, of Little Santa\\nFe, in transporting their negroes to Texas, where\\nthey were out of the reach of the Kansas Jay-\\nhawkers. Returning from Texas, Quantrell\\njoined Price s army at Cowskin Prairie, and took\\npart as a private in the battle of Wilson Creek.\\nWhen Price marched against Mulligan at Lexing-\\nton, Quantrell came to Jackson County and be-\\ngan unconsciously the slow and tedious process\\nof organizing the band which under his leader-\\nship became famous. Quantrell was not at the\\nbattle of Lexington, although Edwards gives the\\nfollowing graphic account of his presence there:\\nMounted on a splendid horse, armed with a\\nSharp s carbine and four navy revolvers, for a\\nuniform a red shirt, and for oriflamme a sweep-\\ning black plume, he advanced farthest, fell back\\nwith the last, and was always omnipresent Gen-\\neral Price himself notorious for being superbly\\nindifferent under fire remarked his bearing and\\ncaused mention to be made of it most favorable.\\nEdwards never permits any of his heroes to\\nsuffer for the want of a good word. Edwards was", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0277.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "268 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nan advocate, not a judge. He has fallen into\\nmany errors in his history of Quantrell and his\\nmen. Hence I make specific mention of him\\nwherever I have occasion to use him as authority.\\nThe material for this chapter comes largely from\\nCaptain Wm. H. Gregg, of Kansas City, Mo., a\\nbrave and enterprising soldier, a leader upon\\nv^hom Quantrell often imposed the most arduous\\nduties, and who was always ready and capable.\\nQuantrelFs original band consisted of Will\\nHallar, Geo. Todd, John Little, Jas. Little, John\\nHampton, and Joe Vaughn. Closely associated\\nwith this band closely enough, indeed, to be\\nregarded as original integral parts of it were\\nA. J. Liddil, Ed. Koger, the Walker boys, James\\nKelley, and Solomon Basham. The objects of this\\nband were to recover stolen property, to catch\\nthieves, and to protect property from organized\\ndespoilers.\\nQuantrell was a modest man, and did not seek\\nto lead the band at first. He was unconscious of\\nhis vast capability as a leader. There was imme-\\ndiate and pressing work for the young organiza-\\ntion. The band began operations by catching\\nand hanging a man by the name of Searcy, a\\nwholesale horse-thief and all-round robber. The\\nband recovered from this great thief over seventy\\nhead of horses, many wagons, and much other\\nproperty taken from people in Jackson, Cass, and\\nJohnson counties. Many of these people still\\nlive, some of whom I know. The property was", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0278.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "QUANTRELL AND EI8 MEN. 269\\nall returned to the rightful owners, who willingly\\npaid small sums in remuneration for the seryices\\nof recovery. The Kansas Jayhawkers instantly\\nraised the hue and cry that Quantrell s band\\nstole horses from Union men, who were forced to\\nrecover tlieir property by i3urchase.\\nJennison^s Jayhawkers came down, ostensibly\\nto protect Union men. They plundered the citi-\\nzens and burned houses. Quantrell s band am-\\nbushed Jennison, and killed five of his men. Bur-\\nris came down with his freebooters on the same\\nmission which brought Jennison; he also burned\\nand plundered, and was ambuscaded, losing four\\nor five of his men. Jennison and Burris both car-\\nried the Federal flag.\\nSoon after the band hung Searcy, it received\\nthree able recruits, John Koger, James Hend-\\nricks, and Wm. H. Gregg. In a short time the\\nband numbered thirty men; it continued to grow,\\nand, before the war was over, it contained 400\\ndesperate fighters, and the leader bore a commis-\\nsion from the Confederate Government. Quan-\\ntrell s first application for a commission was\\nrefused on account of his peculiar method of\\nfighting.\\nOn the 22d of February, 1862, Quantrell rode\\ninto Independence, Mo., with less than a score of\\nmen, believing the place to be unoccupied by\\ntroops. An Ohio cavalry regiment was there, and\\na battle was fought in which Quantrell lost in\\nkilled Gabriel George and Hopp Wood.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0279.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "270 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nWm. H. Greggs says of this little fight: I\\ngot my arm blackened with a saber in the hands\\nof a sturdy, brave Ohio cavalryman.\\nThe Federals lost four or five men. About a\\nmonth after this, March 20th, Quantrell camped\\nwith forty men in the Little Blue church, four\\nmiles northeast of Blue Springs, He sent out\\nforagers, one of whom brought in a copy of the\\nSt. Louis Republican, in which was published an\\norder by General Halleck, then in command of\\nthe Department of Missouri, directing his troops\\nto shoot or hang Quantrell or his men wherever\\ncaught or found. This might well have meant\\nthe black flag. But Quantrell never carried the\\nblack flag, all the books so far written to the con-\\ntrary notwithstanding. On the other hand, I saw\\na black flag carried at the head of a Federal\\ncompany, which marched past our camp at sun-\\ndown of the first day after leaving our home\\nunder Order No. 11. The meaning of the flag\\nwas discussed in my presence. The flag and the\\ndiscussion made a lasting impression on my child-\\nish mind.\\nIn a few days after Halleck^s order was pub-\\nlished, Quantreirs band captured a ^^Dutch Fed-\\neral sergeant who was guarding a bridge over\\nthe Big Blue. Quantrell remarked, Boys, they\\nissue the order, but we draw first blood where-\\nupon he drew his revolver and killed the ser-\\ngeant. They burned the bridge. Night overtook\\nthem near Little Santa Fe. Quantrell and twen-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0280.jp2"}, "281": {"fulltext": "QUANTBELL AND ni8 MEN. 271\\nty-one men put up at a Mr. Tate s house; the\\nothers were quartered at farm-houses in the neigh-\\nborhood. A Kansas regiment swooped down on\\nthe Tate house, scattered QuantrelPs men, and\\ncaptured all their horses. On two other occa-\\nsions, during tlie summer of 1862, Quantrell and\\nhis men lost their horses at Clark s and Lowe s\\nhouses. The encounter at Clark s house was\\nwithin a mile of my boyhood home; it was a mere\\nscrimmage with considerable shooting, but in no\\nsense coming up to Edwards description of it.\\nThe Federals captured Perry Hoy at the Tate\\nhouse affair; he was taken to Leavenworth and\\nshot, in spite of Quantrell s offer to exchange a\\nlieutenant for him. Quantrell released the lieu-\\ntenant, who went home, saying he would not\\nfight for a government that would not exchange\\na private for him, an officer.\\nAbout July 1, 1862, we find Quantrell in\\nHenry County with ninety-five men. Colonel Up-\\nton Hays, on his way from the south, joined him\\nhere for a few days and they repulsed an attack\\nof a Federal company under Captain Keynolds,\\nfrom Clinton, Mo., who came out to capture Quan-\\ntrell. Hays proceeded afterwards toward Jack-\\nson County with thirty of Quantrell s men as an\\nescort. In a few days, Quantrell, with only sixty-\\nfive men, marched into Cass County on his way\\nto Jackson, fighting frequently as he marched,\\nand always against heavy odds. The next six\\nweeks, according to Captain Gregg, made a pe-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0281.jp2"}, "282": {"fulltext": "272 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nriocl the most thrilling in the history of border\\nwarfare.\\nMajor Jas. O. Gower commanded the Federal\\npost at Clinton. After the rough experience of\\nEeynolds with Qnantrell, Gower marched out\\nwith 65 men and sent couriers to Gapt. Ankenj,\\nwho came next morning from Butler with 65 men;\\nand to Capt. W. A. Martin, who came from Harri-\\nsonville with 65 men; and to Capt, Miles Kehoe,\\nwho came from Warrensburg with 61 men. Gower\\nthus had 266 men with which to capture Quan-\\ntrelPs 65 guerrillas. A long and terrific battle oc-\\ncurred a few miles west of Pleasant Hill, on the\\nSearancy farm. A number of men were killed.\\nThe Federals seemed absolutely devoid of fear.\\nQuantrelPs ammunition gave out, and his men\\nsnccessfully defended themselves for a time by\\npelting their assailants with stones. This was\\npossible, inasmuch as there was inebriation\\namong the Federals. Captain Gregg, with his\\n22 men, cut through the Federal lines, and so\\nenabled the band to escape into Jackson County.\\nMajor Gower reported the guerrilla force at 250\\nstrong.\\nThe next battles were at Independence and\\nLone Jack, treated in appropriate chapters.\\nAfter the battle at Lone Jack, Quantrell and\\nhis men marched to Olathe, Kansas, for the pur-\\npose of killing ten men to avenge the killing of\\nPerry Hoy at Leavenworth. This purpose they\\nfully accomplished before reaching Olathe, which.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0282.jp2"}, "283": {"fulltext": "QUANTRELL AND HIS MEN. 273\\nplace they captured with 120 troops; the latter\\nwere paroled. After Olathe, they raided Shaw-\\nneetown, killing* ten or twelve Kansans. Before\\ngoing south for the winter they engaged in nu-\\nmerous small affairs. As they retreated south,\\nthey captured, near llarrisonville, a train of fif-\\nteen or twenty Federal wagons, which they\\nburned. The guards, about twenty in number,\\nwere killed. They made an unsuccessful attack\\non the Federal post at Lamar. When Quantrell\\narriyed at Van Buren, Ark., his command was\\nattached to Shelby s brigade, and it took part in\\nthe battles of Prairie Grove, Springfield, Harts-\\nville, and others.\\nAfter the leaves came out in the spring of\\n1863, Quantrell returned with his men from the\\nSouth, and soon had a small army under his com-\\nmand. He was joined by Todd, Pool, Blunt, An-\\nderson, and Jarrett, each with a company, and\\nthere were numerous other leaders with small\\ndetachments of men, all willingly acknowledg-\\ning the authority of Quantrell, and coming under\\nhis leadership when required. These men, rank\\nand file, were as brave as men could be, and all\\nwere true comrades. If any man faltered, he was\\ndisowned xind jeered out of the ranks.\\nDuring the summer of 1803, these various com-\\npanies and detachments operated over a wide\\nrange of country, annoying and terrifying the\\nFederals. While Pool was operating in Saline\\nor Lafayette counties, Blunt would be in Jackson", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0283.jp2"}, "284": {"fulltext": "274 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\non the Sni or the Little Blue; Todd would be hang-\\ning around Westport or Kansas Oit}^; Jarrett\\nmight be in Cass County; Anderson maybe in\\nEay or Carroll County, or in Kansas. In June\\nCaptain Gregg took ten men into Clay County.\\nHe sent word to Missouri City that two bush-\\nwhackers were lying drunk in Uncle Jerry Pee-\\nbly s yard. Captain Sessions, who was regarded\\nby Gregg s men as an informer even a murderer,\\ncame out with twelve men. These came into the\\ntrap, and at the first round eight fell dead and the\\nninth was severely wounded. The three others\\nwere pursued and slain before they got back to\\ntown.\\nThe Federals hastil.y evacuated Missouri City,\\nand Gregg s little force took possession of the\\nplace. The ten camped the next day in the\\nnorthern part of the county, where they learned\\nfrom some school-children that a body of troops\\nhad j)assed down toward Missouri City. Gregg\\nknew intuitively that the troops were from Platts-\\nburg, and that they were bent on avenging the\\ndeath of Sessions and his men. Gregg at once\\nmarched with his daring band straight to Platts-\\nburg and captured the place after a severe bat-\\ntle with twenty Federals, who surrendered; 300\\nloaded guns and |6,000 of ^^Gamble money were\\nseized. Colonel James H. Birch, aid-de-camp of\\nGovernor Gamble, was made a prisoner. The\\nwhole northern part of the State was intensely\\nexcited, and 10,000 troops were put in motion to", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0284.jp2"}, "285": {"fulltext": "QUANTRELL AND HIS MEN. 275\\ncapture or chase away the ten, who, after many\\nescapades, recrossed the river at Blue Mills Land-\\ning. Not one of the ten was even wounded.\\nThose comprising this daring band were Cap-\\ntain Wni. H. Gregg, Lieutenant Scott, Jas. A.\\nHendricks, James Little, John Jackson, Joe Hart,\\nHenry CoAvherd, Fletcher Taylor, and Frank\\nJames.\\nOn the 15th of August, 1863, Quantrell called\\na council of war at the Garrol farm south of Oak\\nGrove, Mo. Here they determined upon the raid\\non Lawrence. The rendezvous was in Johnson\\nCounty, Mo. Captain Gregg was QuantrelPs adju-\\ntant and aid-de-camp. He counted the men, 291,\\nwho took part in the raid at Lawrence. The trip\\nwas in every sense a terrible one. Quantrell and\\nhis men were on horseback almost constantly for\\nfour days and five nights, and for three days and\\nnights were without food. The burning of Law-\\nrence, the killing, the retreat, the pursuit, and the\\nrunning fights make up one of the most exciting\\nstories of the war.\\nProfessor Spring, of the Kansas University,\\nw^rites: In the destruction of Lawrence, August\\n21, 18G3, the irregular, predatory hostilities of the\\nborder reached a shocking climax. The crimes\\nwhich brought about that event Avere various, and\\nhave been in the main already indicated the\\ncampaign of Lane s brigade, the depredations of\\nEed-legs, enmities of the settlement of Lawrence\\nin 1854, as well as ordinary bushwhacking mo-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0285.jp2"}, "286": {"fulltext": "276 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\ntives of plunder. ^Jennison lias laid waste our\\nhomes/ was the declamation of more than one\\nMissourian on the day of the massacre, ^and Red-\\nlegs have perpetrated unheard-of crimes. Houses\\nhave been plundered and burned, defenseless men\\nshot down, and women outraged. We are here\\nfor revenge and we have got it.\\nThe raid on Lawrence so horrified and exas-\\nperated the Federals that General Ewing imme-\\ndiately issued Order No. 11.\\nIt was fitting that the Lawrence raid should\\nclose the career of Quantrell. He continued in\\nthe saddle for more than a year after that event,\\nbut we hear very little more of him. The guer-\\nrilla school which he had trained for two years\\nnow sent forth graduates destined to perform\\nbloody work in the summer of 1864. As Quantrell\\ndisappears slowly from sight, the prodigious fig-\\nures of Anderson and Todd gather on the view.\\nFrom the ranks of these leaders rose after the\\nwar the James boys and the Youngers. In the\\nautumn after the Lawrence raid Quantrell went\\nsouth for the winter. The next summer he came\\nagain to Missouri, visited his old familiar haunts,\\nand roamed over the region desolated by Order\\nNo. 11. He was here in the autumn of 1864, when\\nPrice made his great raid. But Quantrell had lost\\nhis enterprise and ambition, or had permitted his\\nmen to slip from him; they were massing around\\nother leaders, and he murmured no regret\\nAfter Price s great raid, Quantrell and a few", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0286.jp2"}, "287": {"fulltext": "QUANTBELL AND HIS MEN, 277\\ncompanions crossed over into Kentucky, where\\nhe was killed. His death was not consequential.\\nThe tragic end must be classed among the smaller\\nitems of his biography. Every life begins in song\\nand ends in tragedy; between the two look for\\nhistory.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0287.jp2"}, "288": {"fulltext": "278 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nChapter XXYI.\\nTHE STORY OF DONIPHAN.\\nOne comfort is, that great men, taken up in any way, are\\nprofitable company. We cannot look, however imperfectly,\\nupon a great man without gaining something by him. Garlylc^\\nNo one conversant with Missouri history will\\ndeny that General Alexander W. Doniphan was\\none of Missouri s greatest men. He was as re-\\nmarkable for the honors in his grasp and declined\\nas for any of his actual achievements. He could\\nhave been elected to the United States Senate\\ninstead of Louis Y. Bogy in 1877, but he refused\\nto allow his name to be presented to the caucus.\\nIn 1876 the National Democratic Convention met\\nin St. Louis. At one time it was doubtful whether\\nTilden could be nominated. In the event of such\\nfailure, it was proposed to give the nomination to\\nDoniphan. But he was indifferent to office in civil\\nlife. He was moved to his highest capabilities\\nonly by military action. It is remarkable that he\\nfound no field for the exercise of his genius in the\\nCivil War.\\nThe meager part enacted by Doniphan in the\\ngreat Civil War is explained in two ways. On the\\none hand it has been intimated that he was piqued\\nby the promotion of General Price to the position\\nof major-general of the State Guards, and on the\\nother it is claimed that Governor Jackson offered", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0288.jp2"}, "289": {"fulltext": "TEE STORY OF DONIPEAN. 279\\nhim tlie appointment and that he declined it.\\nI am able to set this question at rest forever.\\nMr. M. P. Lietz, an old and highly esteemed citizen\\nof Fulton, Mo., who is now beyond eighty years of\\nage, who in his early manhood accompanied Doni-\\nphan to Mexico and who is accredited by John T.\\nHughes as author of a part of the latter s Doni-\\nphan s Expedition to Mexico, writes me the fol-\\nlowing in a letter:\\nIn the troubles that grew out of seceding\\nStates, a peace congress was appointed to meet in\\nWashington City, and the governor appointed Col,\\nDoniphan the peace commissioner from Missouri.\\nBy accident I was in Washington City at that time\\nand by chance met Col. Doniphan on Pennsyl-\\nvania Avenue, and while we were together the\\nfirst troops, a body of 1500, came in a gallop up\\nthe street. I said to Col. Doniphan: ^What do you\\nthink of the policy of the Government to overrun\\nus with soldiers? He answered: ^I will tell you\\nwhat I think; if I had my old regiment here, I\\nwould whip them out in thirty minutes.\\nNow for the Missouri command: I was at\\nBoonville, Mo., in June, 1861, the day before the\\nbattle; was sitting in front of the hotel in the\\nshade. Governor C. F. Jackson came along and\\ntook the vacant chair by me. As I was anxious to\\nknow what was intended, I asked him several\\nquestions in regard to future action. He then\\ntold me that he had appointed Col. Doniphan com-\\nmander-in-chief of the Missouri forces and that", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0289.jp2"}, "290": {"fulltext": "280 BATTLES AND BIOOBAPHIES OF MI^SOVRIANS.\\nafter keeping the commission two weeks, he had\\ndeclined to accept it; and then he pulled Doni-\\nphan s letter of non-acceptance from his pocket\\nand read it to me. Col. Doniphan s reasons were\\nthat he had had two children,both boys, and before\\nthis one was drowned and the other accidentally\\nkilled by gun-shot. This loss had shattered his\\nwife s health and he could not get her to consent\\nto let him go to battle, as she had suffered much\\nwhile he was in Mexico. Doniphan was com-\\nmander-in-chief [major-general] of the Missouri\\nforces for two weeks, only lacking the will to ac-\\ncept. The remarks that Jackson made at the time\\nare no part of history, and I will not repeat them.\\nAt this time the governor had appointed Gleneral\\nSterling Price commander-in-chief of the Missouri\\nforces, and Price was in a bed sick in the hotel less\\nthan fifty feet from where we were sitting.\\nGeneral Doniphan was a member of the State\\nconvention, and voted with Price against taking\\nMissouri out of the Union. At the July meeting\\nof the convention he voted against deposing Gov-\\nernor Jackson; he refused to attend the November\\nmeeting. Meantime he attended the Peace Con-\\ngress at Washington, D. C, as the delegate from\\nMissouri.\\nWhile in Washington, he w^as introduced to\\nPresident Lincoln. Mr. Lincoln, struck by the\\nmagnificent presence and courtly bearing of his\\nvisitor, exclaimed: And this is Colonel Doni-\\nphan, who made the wonderful march from Santa", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0290.jp2"}, "291": {"fulltext": "THE 8T0R7 OF DONIPHAN. 281\\nFe to Monterey against both Indians and Mexi-\\ncans. Now, Colonel, permit me to say you are the\\nonly man connected with any great military en-\\nterprise who ever came up in his looks to my\\nexpectations.\\nWhile General Price lay at Springfield in the\\nwinter after the battle of Lexington, Colonel John\\nT. Hughes was sent back to the Missouri River on\\nan expedition which proved a signal failure, owing\\nto the quick intervention of Doniphan. Doniphan\\nlearned in some way of the proposed expedition,\\nand he hastened to Plattsburg to convey the infor-\\nmation to Colonel James H. Birch, Federal com-\\nmander at that place. Colonel Birch, writing in\\nthe summer of 1899 of this episode, quotes Doni-\\nphan as saying: Colonel, I have ridden all the\\nway from Liberty to place in your possession a\\nvery grave military secret. I might have gone\\nto Independence, but you are the only member\\nof the Hxamble dynasty whom I trust, having\\nknown you since boyhood. My information is\\nthat John T. Hughes has left camp at Osceola\\nand with his regiment is coming home. His men\\nwant to see their families; but this is not what\\nis bringing John home- I know John Hughes;\\nhe was in my regiment in Mexico, and there is\\nnot a more daring or ambitious officer in Price s\\narmy. I am informed that he intends to cross\\nthe river at xllbany, six miles above Lexing-\\nton. He will tear up the Hannibal St Joseph\\nBailroad from Macon Cit}^ to St. Joseph and\\n19", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0291.jp2"}, "292": {"fulltext": "282 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\nburn the bridges; he will recruit a regiment; he\\nwill attack the militia by squads, and before\\nthe railroads can be rebuilt and reinforcements\\nbrought in he will have retreated south. Now all\\nthis w^ould not trouble me, for he would take out of\\nnorthwest Missouri many whose absence would\\nleave us in peace; but w^hen his brigade left, every\\nsoldier would be mounted on some Union man s\\nhorse and his every team would be from some\\nUnion man s barn, and when the Federals got in\\nagain, every Union man would charge his s )uth?in\\nneighbor with piloting them to his barn, and the\\ndevil would be in supreme command and hell\\nw^ould be a pleasure resort to wiiat w^ould take\\nplace then. Now to prevent all this I have made\\nthis trij). You must go to-night to Bt, Louis and\\nlay this information before ITalleck. Col. Kirch\\nproposed to telegraph the information, but Doni-\\nphan said it would not do. Colonel Birch mount:^d\\na young thoroughbred horse and rode to Osborn,\\nfourteen miles, in an hour and thirteen minutes,\\nreaching there just in time to catch the train for\\nSt Louis. Halleclv acted promptly and orderedl\\nGeneral Prentiss to repair with a strong force to\\nAlbany. Hughes was just about to cross when\\nPrentiss arrived; a few shots were exchanged\\nacross the river. Hughes retreaterl south and\\nreached Price in time to take part in the battle of\\nPea Eidge.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0292.jp2"}, "293": {"fulltext": "GENERAL STERLING PRICE. 283\\nChapter XXVII.\\nGENERAL STERLING PRICE.\\nAlso, the hero from of old has had to cramp himself into\\nstrange shapes; the world knows not well at any time what to\\ndo with him. Carli/lc.\\nTo none of our heroes have the people of this\\nState accorded snch a generous and unstinted par-\\ntiality as they have to General Price. The Gov-\\nernment at Iiichmond never knew what to do with\\nPrice. The people of Missouri were wiser; they\\nbelieved in him, and followed him and loved him.\\nPrice was a stern, y^t gentle man. Many a\\ntime his rugged face was streaked with tears in\\nbattle when his ^^boys were cut to pieces. To him\\nhis troops were always his boys to them he was\\n^old Pap. Price w^as stern almost to harshness\\nwhen men forgot their dut^\\\\ After the battle of\\nCorinth, one of the Missouri companies decided to\\nleave the service and return home. The term of\\nenlistment had expired. The whole company was\\nput under arrest and taken to General Price.\\nScarcely had the case been stated when Price\\nroared out: ^*A11 of you who want to re-enlist,\\nstep forward; all who want to be shot, stand still.\\nThere was an instant shuffling of feet as the men\\nmoved forward; even the caj^tain signified his de-\\nsire to re-enlist then and there by stepping to the\\nfront a little slower, however, than the others.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0293.jp2"}, "294": {"fulltext": "284 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nPrice believed in duty as he believed in God.\\nTo him there was no stronger word than the word\\nduty. During all the four years of the war he\\nwas overslaughed and held back by the mistrust\\nor jealousy of Jeff. Davis. If Davis was jealous\\nof Price, and he might not have been, he was the\\nliving definition of Ruskin s observation: And\\ntake also your great English vice, European vice,\\nvice of all the world, vice of all other worlds that\\nroll or shine in heaven, bearing with them yet\\nthe atmosphere of hell the vice of jealousy, which\\nbrings competition into your commerce, treachery\\ninto your councils, and dishonor into your wars.\\nPrice uttered no word of complaint; like a true,\\ngreat man, he accepted subordinate positions and\\nhis zeal suffered no diminution. In adherence to\\nduty. Price was the American Duke of Wellington.\\nIn Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, Vol.\\n2, a stormy scene between Price and Jeff Davis is\\ndescribed by an eye-witness. After the battle of\\nCorintli, General Price wanted to return to Mis-\\nsouri with his Missouri troops. He went to Rich-\\nmond to secure an order to this effect President\\nDavis was cold and formal. At the first interview\\nDavis requested Price to submit his proposition in\\nwriting, which Price did. At the next interview\\nDavis informed Price that the order could not be\\nissued; the Missourians could not be returned to\\nthe Trans-Mississippi Department. Price replied\\nwith the utmost respect and courtesy of manner:\\nIf you will not let me serve you, I will neverthe-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0294.jp2"}, "295": {"fulltext": "GENERAL STERLING PRICE. 285\\nless serve my country. You cannot prevent me\\nfrom doing that. I will send 3^ou m^^ resignation,\\nand go back to Missouri and raise another army\\nthere without your assistance, and fight again un-\\nder the flag of Missouri and win new victories for\\nthe South in spite of you. Davis was frigid in\\nmanner, and he replied in cutting, measured, icy\\ntones: Yonr resignation will be promptly ac-\\ncepted, General, and if you do go back to Missouri\\nand raise another army and win victories for the\\nSouth, no one will be more pleased than myself\\nor surprised. Then Price rose to his full height\\nand brought his heavy fist down upon the table\\nwith a force that scattered the papers and up-\\nset the inkstand: Then I ll surprise you, sir.\\nWhereupon Price strode furiously out of tlie room\\nwithout looking back. He went to his hotel, wrote\\nout his resignation, and prepared to leave for Mis-\\nsouri. The next day he received notice that in-\\nstead of accepting his resignation, the President\\nw^ould accede to his request. He could return\\nto the Trans-Mississippi Department, and the Mis-\\nsouri troops would follow when Bragg could spare\\nthem Avith safety. This was probably the great-\\nest victory Price ever won. He returned to his\\ncommand and bade farewell to his boys, prom-\\nising them that soon they should follow him back\\nto Missouri. They never saw Price again.\\nJeff. Davis was a West Pointer, while Price had\\nnot received a military education. Davis was a\\nman of strong convictions and strong prejudices;", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0295.jp2"}, "296": {"fulltext": "286 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nhe believed that only the graduates of West Point\\ncould be efficient soldiers. Hence the President\\nof the Southern Confederacy never could see any\\ncommendable military qualities in General Price.\\nDavis was a good soldier himself and he had\\nserved with distinction in the war with Mexico.\\nPrice also had served in the Mexican War. But\\nPrice was a lax disciplinarian and at Santa F^\\nhad permitted his men to separate into foraging\\nparties, while a dangerous conspiracy was hatched\\nagainst him among the Mexicans. Price brought\\nhis army safely out of the difficulty, but Davis\\nprobably attributed this final success to Price s\\ngood fortune, and not to Price s genius as a soldier.\\nPossibly this was the beginning of the distrust\\nwhich was never dislodged from Davis mind.\\nWhile General Price was in the vicinity of\\nSpringfield, after his victory over Mulligan at Lex-\\nington, Fremont ordered forward Major Zagonzi,\\nof his body guard, and Major White, of the Prairie\\nSchooners, with forces. They surprised a detach-\\nment of Price s army under Major Lee Cloud, many\\nmiles away from Price. The men under Cloud fled\\nin disorder to a skirt of timber, where they rallied\\nand repulsed their assailants with heavy loss,\\neighty-five Federals being killed. One of Major\\nCloud s men fled in dismay to Price and reported\\nthat his comrades had all been massacred; he\\nalone had escaped. Afterwards a courier arrived\\nwith news of a great victory. Price hung his head\\na moment and then said epigrammatically: Damn", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0296.jp2"}, "297": {"fulltext": "GENERAL STERLING PRICE. gS?\\na man witli six legs! referring to the four legs of\\nthe horse and the two of the man who brought the\\nfalse story of disaster.\\nSterling Price was born in Prince Edward\\nCounty, Virginia, in 1809. He came of a good, in-\\ntelligent, and well-to-do family. At an early age\\nhe was sent to the neighborhood schools, later to\\nHampden-Sidney College; afterwards he finished\\nhis education by studying law. In 1831 he moved\\nwith his father s family to Missouri and settled on\\na farm in Chariton County, which remained his\\nhome as long as he lived. In 1810 he was chosen\\nto represent his county in the Legislature. He\\nwas made speaker of the House, a rare honor for\\na man of thirty-one and unknoAvn outside of his\\nown county. He was an ideal presiding officer and\\nat the next term he was chosen speaker again.\\nFrom this he grew to be the most colossal figure\\nin the civil and military affairs of the State. In\\n1846 he was elected to Congress, but soon resigned\\non account of some adverse and unjust criticism.\\nAbout this time it became manifest that w^ar be-\\ntween the United States and Mexico was inevit-\\nable. He returned to Missouri and raised a regi-\\nment, chiefly in the central counties of the State.\\nAt the same time Colonel A. W. Doniphan, of Clay\\nCounty, had also raised a regiment. Doniphan s\\nwas the First and Price s the Second Missouri\\nMounted Volunteers. These constituted the main\\nbody of an expedition which, under General Kear-\\nney of theKegular Army, marched across the plaihs", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0297.jp2"}, "298": {"fulltext": "288 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0VRIAN8.\\nand took possession of New Mexico and other Mex-\\nican provinces. The troops marched from Leaven-\\nworth to Santa Fe, a distance of over 900 miles, in\\ntwo detachments, for the better advantages of for-\\nage, the first nnder Doniphan and the second\\nunder Colonel Price. A few days before Price\\narrived at Santa Fe, General Kearne}^ started with\\nhis 200 dragoons for California, leaving Colonel\\nDoniphan in command. Toward the close of the\\nyear, Doniphan, after subduing the Navajo In-\\ndians, set out for Chihuahua, and Colonel Price\\nwas left in sole military command. Now it was\\nthat the conspiracy above mentioned was formed.\\nIn a day the whole province was in turmoil and\\nexcitement, and desultory fighting occurred in\\nmany places. Wni. Bent, a Missourian who had\\nbeen appointed governor, was murdered. Colonel\\nPrice acted promptly, and with 500 brought the\\nconspirators to bay at Canada, at Moro, and at\\nother places. At Taos the Mexicans took refuge\\nin a large adobe church. Price s men cut through\\nthe walls with axes. In ten days the insurrection\\nwas crushed. The Missourians lost IT, and the\\nMexicans 285. The next year, I8I7, Colonel Price\\nwas commissioned a brigadier general. The fol-\\nlowing summer General Price marched to Chihua-\\nhua, Here he was informed by a deputation of\\nMexicans that peace had been made. He did not\\ncredit the report and occupied the place. He was\\nappointed military governor of the province of\\nChihuahua. From the city of Chihuahua he", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0298.jp2"}, "299": {"fulltext": "GENERAL STERLING PRICE. 289\\nmarched to Santa Cruz de Resales, where he again\\nheard that peace had been made. Again he gave\\nthe report no credence. He waited in vain a few\\ndays for its confirmation; then reduced the place\\nby force, killing and wounding 300 Mexicans and\\nlosing 45 of his own men.\\nAt the close of the war General Price returned\\nwith his troops to Missouri. They were welcomed\\neverywhere with great demonstrations of joy by\\nthe people. At the next general election, 1852,\\nGeneral Price was elected governor of the State\\nof Missouri by a sweeping majorit}^ His oppo-\\nnent was James W. Winston, a grandson of Patrick\\nHenry, and a very distinguished lawyer. At the\\nclose of his four years tranquil service as gov-\\nernor, Gen. Price retired peacefully to his farm in\\nChariton County, apparently satisfied with public\\nlife and Avith the civil and military honors he had\\nachieved. For four years he led the contented and\\nsatisfj ing life of a farmer. Then the great Civil\\nWar arose and drew him again into the vortex of\\npublic activity. General Price was a strong Union\\nman, but he was not an unconditional Union man,\\nas Blair was. Price had fought and shed his blood\\nfor the United States; he loved his Government;\\nbut he Avas Virginia born, and State dominion was\\none of the strongest tenets of his political doctrine.\\nHe supported Douglass for the Presidency in 1860,\\nand he was not in sympathy with secession until\\nthe Camp Jackson affair. He was elected to the\\nconvention called into being by the Legislature for", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0299.jp2"}, "300": {"fulltext": "290 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\nthe purpose of determining whether Missouri\\nshould secede. He was made president of the\\nconvention, which promptly resolved that the\\nState of Missouri should remain in the Union.\\nThe capture of Camp Jacksorf was an intoler-\\nable obtrusion of Federal force into the autonomv\\nof the State. Price instantly offered his sword to\\nGovernor Jackson, not in the interest of secession,\\nbut for the specific purpose of driving from the\\nsoil of Missouri such invaders as Lyon, and to pre-\\nvent outside interference with the operation of the\\ngovernment of Missouri.\\nPrice began to assemble an army at Boonville.\\nBefore an army could be mobilized, Lyon appeared\\non the scene, and Price fled to the remote south-\\nwest corner of the State. Here he organized his\\nMissouri army, called the State Guards. This was\\nnot a Confederate army; it was a Missouri army,\\nand it marched under the flag of Missouri; its ob-\\nject was to make good the political tenets of Gen-\\neral Price namely, to prevent outside interference\\nwith the State government of the State of Mis-\\nsouri. Seven chapters of this volume are devoted\\nto a review of the achievements of the Army of\\nMissouri, under the general caption, Campaign of\\nthe Missouri State Guards. This army fought\\nthe battles of Wilson Creek, or Oak Hill, Drywood,\\nLexington, Pea Kidge, and a score of others. Gen-\\neral Price was wounded at the battle of Pea Eidge.\\nAfter this battle the State Guards folded the flag\\nof Missouri, and hoisted for the first time the Stars", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0300.jp2"}, "301": {"fulltext": "GENERAL STERLING PRICE. 291\\nand Bars. General Price became a Confederate\\nsoldier, and went to fight east of the Mississippi\\nKiver for a time. AA^hen he left that department\\nto return west, he furnished occasion for Ander-\\nson to give him this farewell ^^I have done with\\nthis great and magnanimous captain, this stain-\\nless, undefiled, and devoted patriot Missouri s\\nbrightest star and purest jew^el. He is to-day\\nlooked upon proudly by the mass of her people,\\nand loved, honored, and admired by every one of\\nher true-hearted sons that marched under his\\ncommand.\\nIn 1862, General Van Dorn was appointed to\\ncommand the Trans-Mississippi Department, and\\nGeneral Maury, of Virginia, came on from the\\nPotomac as his chief of staff. The battle of Pea\\nEidge, or Elk Horn Tavern, was about to be\\nfought. Van Dorn and Maury proceeded together\\nand joined Price, who, with his army, had recently\\nfled from Missouri, but had now turned and was\\nconfronting Curtis. Writing of the Pea Ridge\\ncampaign. General Maury said:\\nWe took a steamer for Jacksonport, whence,\\non February 23d, we mounted our horses and\\nstarted upon our ride across the State to Van\\nBuren. We rode into that place on the evening of\\nFebruary 28th, and next morning, March 1st, left\\nVan Buren for Price s camp in Boston Mountains,\\ndistant about thirty miles. The weather was bit-\\nter cold, and all day we traveled over an ascend-\\ning mountain road until dark, when we came to", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0301.jp2"}, "302": {"fulltext": "292 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIANS.\\nthe little farm-house in which the leader of the\\nMissourians had made his headquarters. I was\\nmuch impressed by the grand proportions and the\\nstately air of the man who, up to that time, had\\nbeen the foremost figure of the war beyond the\\nMississippi. General Price was one of the hand-\\nsomest men I have ever seen. He was over six\\nfeet two inches in stature, of massive proportions,\\nbut easy and graceful in his carriage and gestures;\\nhis hands and feet were remarkably small and\\nwell-shaped; his hair and whiskers, which he wore\\nin the old English fashion, were silver white; his\\nface was ruddy and very benignant, yet firm in its\\nexpression his profile was finely chiseled, and be-\\nspoke manhood of the highest tj^pe; his voice was\\nclear and ringing, and his accentuation singularly\\ndistinct. A braver or a kinder heart beat in no\\nman s bosom; he was wise in counsel, bold in ac-\\ntion, and never spared his own blood on any bat-\\ntle-field. No man had greater infiuence over his\\ntroops, and as he sat on his superb charger with\\nthe ease and lightness of one accustomed all his\\ndays to ride a thoroughbred horse, it was impos-\\nsible to find a more magnificent specimen of man-\\nhood in his prime than Sterling Price presented to\\nthe brave Missourians, who loved him with a fer-\\nvor not less than we Virginians felt for Lee.\\nAfter peace was made. General Price went to\\nMexico for a year, where he was a member of the\\nboard of emigration. He returned to his Chariton", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0302.jp2"}, "303": {"fulltext": "GENERAL STERLING PRICE. 293\\nCounty farm, where he lived out the brief remain-\\ning da3^s of his life.\\nIn 1867 the cholera appeared in St. Louis.\\nGeneral Price, with characteristic disregard of\\npersonal danger, went to St. Louis to look after\\nsome business interests of a commission house with\\nwhich he was connected. He was stricken down\\nand died September 27, 1867.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0303.jp2"}, "304": {"fulltext": "294 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nChapter XXYIII.\\nCLAIBORNE F. JACKSON.\\nHis life was gentle; and the elements\\nSo mixed in him., that Nature might stand up,\\nAnd say to all the world, Thla is a nian.\\nShakespeare.\\nHistory has done less for this man than it has\\nfor some smaller men. Claiborne Jackson has\\nbeen scantily recognized by all who have essayed\\nto write the history of his time. His was a strong,\\nrobust, manly nature. He scorned subterfuge\\nand was open, direct, and honest He was ar-\\ndently devoted to the welfare of the State, and\\nwas devoid of any shred of selfish ambition. He\\nhad been a successful business man and was es-\\nteemed wealthy when called by his fellow-citizens\\nto the governorship of the State. He cheerfully\\nsacrificed his fortune on the altar of duty. In\\none year he was an exile from home and suffering\\nthe pinch of penury. He was hardly able to\\nmake tongue and buckle meet, as he expressed\\nit in the colloquialism of the day. But his poverty\\nwas an honorable one. At the moment of mak-\\ning the above remark, he was the guardian and\\nthe possessor of vast stores and large sums of\\nmoney belonging to his beloved State. But he\\nwas puritanically honest and upright; not a cent\\nnor a piece of provision would he touch for per-\\nsonal use. These same stores were later divided", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0304.jp2"}, "305": {"fulltext": "CLAIBORNE F. JAGK80N. 295\\nin a rude, soldierly way among the Missouri\\ntroops, to whom they belonged as much as to any-\\nbody, and Jackson died in poverty far from his\\nhome and among strangers. To write a complete\\nbiography of Governor Jackson would be tanta-\\nmount to writing a history of the State for a pe-\\nriod of a quarter of a century. He was in the\\nMissouri Legislature, House and Senate, for many\\nyears; he was a member of the Constitutional Con-\\nvention of 1845; he was bank commissioner for\\nfour years under Governor Stewart, from which\\nposition he succeeded to the governorship. As a\\nlegislator, he served as speaker of the House and\\nwas otherwise and always a useful and influential\\nmember. He was author of the banking law of\\nthe State; he was also author of the famous Jack-\\nson Eesolutions, which had the effect of retiring\\nSenator Benton to private life. He became gov-\\nernor at the most stormy period of the State s his-\\ntory. His public career was long and useful.\\nClaiborne Fox Jackson was born in Kentucky,\\nApril 4, 1807. His grandfather, Joseph Jacks m,\\nwas a native of Ireland, who settled at an early\\nday in Virginia. Dempsey Jackson, father of\\nGovernor Jackson, was a Virginia Revolutionary\\nsoldier, and distinguished himself at the battle\\nof Cowpens under General Morgan. Dempsey\\nJackson married Miss Mary Pickett, and in 1792\\nmoved to Fleming County, Kentucky, where he\\ndied in 1832. His widow moved to Howard\\nCounty, Missouri, and died at the home of her", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0305.jp2"}, "306": {"fulltext": "296 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nson, Judge Wade M. Jackson, father of John\\nPickett Jackson, of Independence, Mo. The young\\nfuture governor of Missouri left his Kentucky\\nhome without parental consent at the age of 18.\\nHe came to Missouri on horseback and settled\\nnear his brother. Judge Wade M. Jackson, at Old\\nFranklin in Howard County. He was an active,\\nenterprising young man, fond of cock-fighting,\\nhorse-racing, and fox-hunting. From the position\\nof clerk in a general mercantile store, he worked\\nhis way up until he was proprietor of a large and\\nlucrative business. He was a man of financial\\nability and soon amassed a fortune. He became a\\nbanker and politician. In early manhood he was\\nchosen to represent his county in the Legislature.\\nHere he found the sphere of his public career.\\nThe young and rapidly growing State needed at\\nthe helm such clear-headed and progressive men\\nas Claib Jackson and Sterling Price. These\\ntwo men w^ere nearly the same age, and they were\\nlife-long friends.\\nIn every epoch of our State, prominent and\\ninfluential men have been unknown to Congress.\\nJackson was never a member of the national Leg-\\nislature, although he was the Democratic congres-\\nsional nominee at one time; he was defeated by\\nJas. Linley, Whig. Jackson had defeated a cer-\\ntain railroad j)roject in the Legislature; this fact\\nwas turned against him by Linley at the last\\nmoment. Jackson was not an orator, although a\\ngood public speaker; he was a debater and a man", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0306.jp2"}, "307": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR C. F. JACKSON.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0307.jp2"}, "308": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0308.jp2"}, "309": {"fulltext": "CLAIBORNE F. JACKSON. 297\\nto be feared on the hustings. In one of his speeches\\nhe referred sarcastically to the bad spelling of\\nJohn B. Clark, Sr. Mr. Clark took umbrage at\\nwhat ite considered an unmerited stricture, and\\npromptly challenged Jackson to fight a duel.\\nJackson accepted the challenge, and named rifles\\nas the weapons, at 80 yards distance. Jackson\\nwas an expert with a rifle. He had been known\\nto bring down with his rifle a deer that he was\\nchasing at full speed on horseback. Judge Abial\\nLeonard bore Clark s challenge to Jackson. Leon-\\nard w^as a friend to both men, and he used his\\ninfluence to prevent the duel; he was finally suc-\\ncessful on the day preceding the date of the duel.\\nJackson afterwards appointed Clark brigadier\\ngeneral of the State Guards.\\nGovernor Jackson was married three times,\\nand the three wives w^ere sisters, daughters of\\nDr. John Sappington. No children w^ere born of\\nthe first marriage; two sons w^ere born of the sec-\\nond, and tw^o daughters and one son of the third-\\nJackson s wives w^ere aunts of General John Sap-\\npington Marmaduke. This fact acccmnts for Mar-\\nmad uke s middle name. Why was not Marmaduke\\nappointed by his distinguished uncle to the com-\\nmand of the Missouri State Guards, instead ot\\nGeneral Price or General Doniphan? Evidently\\nnepotism was not one of Jackson s weaknesses.\\nIn 1849 Jackson was in the State Senate. The\\nwar with Mexico had eventuated in our acquisi-\\nti(m of large tracts of Spanish territory. Con-\\n20", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0309.jp2"}, "310": {"fulltext": "298 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\ngressman Wilmotj of Pennsylvania, had intro-\\nduced his famous Proviso, which sought to ex-\\nclude slavery forever from all our newly acquired\\nWestern territory. The Wilmot Proviso did not\\nprevail in Congress, but its presence there re-\\nvealed and asserted the depth of the Northern\\nsentiment against the institution of slavery. Sen-\\nator Jackson introduced a set of resolutions\\nwhich were as defiant and in effect as far-reach-\\ning as was the Wilmot Proviso, against which\\nthey were directed. The Jackson Resolutions were\\nadopted by the Missouri Legislature, and they\\nremained on the statutes of the State until they\\nwere annulled by the upheaval of the Civil War.\\nThey retired Senator Benton to private life after\\nan unbroken service of thirty years in the upper\\nhouse of Congress. The Jackson Resolutions were\\npassed in January, 1849. They averred that the\\nConstitution of the United States was the result\\nof a compromise between the conflicting interests\\nof the States which formed it; that Congress had\\nno power not delegated to it; that the right to\\nprohibit slavery in any territory belonged to the\\npeople thereof, and not to the general Govern-\\nment; that the General Assembly regarded the\\nconduct of the Northern people on the subject of\\nslavery as releasing the slave-holding States from\\nthe Compromise of 1820; that ^iu the event of\\nany act of Congress which conflicts w^tli the sen-\\ntiments herein expressed, Missouri will join the", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0310.jp2"}, "311": {"fulltext": "CLAIBORNE F. JACKSON. 299\\nslave states against the encroachments of North-\\nern fanaticism.\\nThe State was soon in a foment Senator Ben-\\nton came on from the national capital, and in May,\\n1849, delivered an address in the Hall of Kepre-\\nsentatives at Jefferson City which set the State\\nablaze. He appealed from the action of the Leg-\\nislature to the people. He maintained that the\\nJackson Resolutions were in conflict with the\\nMissouri Compromise and also in conflict with a\\nprevious Missouri resolution wherein it was de-\\nclared that the peace, permanence, and welfare of\\nthe National Union depended upon a strict adher-\\nence to the letter and spirit of that compromise,\\nand which instructed senators and representa-\\ntives to vote in accordance with its provisions. He\\ndenounced the Jackson Resolutions as entertain-\\ning a covert purpose of ultimate disruption of the\\nUnion. Benton was a great man and a gTeat\\nstatesman. He had been the political autocrat of\\nMissouri politics for thirty years. He held that\\neminence by right of superior ability. But his\\nsun was setting. He was in advance of the public\\nthought of his State. He saw that slavery must\\nbe discontinued, and he rejoiced that it was so.\\nHe made a brilliant campaign all over the State,\\nadvocating principles which the war made good.\\nMr. B. F. Switzler, in his history of Missouri,\\nsays: ^It must not be inferred, however, that\\nColonel Benton prosecuted this canvass, able and\\ndistinguished as he was, without strong oppo-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0311.jp2"}, "312": {"fulltext": "300 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nsition and resistance, for all over the State there\\nwere gentlemen of great ability and influence\\nwho controverted his position and denounced his\\ncourse. Among the most distinguished and tal-\\nented of his opponents, gentlemen who ably ad-\\ndressed the people in various places in condemna-\\ntion of his views of j)ublic duty and policy, and\\nhis refusal to obey the instructions of the Legis-\\nlature, we may mention James S. Green, David\\nE. Atchison, James H. Birch, Louis V. Bogy, John\\nB. Clark, Sr., Trusten Polk, Claiborne F. Jackson,\\nRobert M. Stewart, Carty Wells, Robt. E. Acock,\\nWm. Claude Jones, and others men whom it\\nmust be admitted had a strong hold upon the pub-\\nlic confidence and wielded immense power over\\nthe State/\\nIn 1860 Jackson was elected governor of the\\nState. The Jackson Resolutions, passed eleven\\nyears before, were still a part of his political\\ncreed. The clouds of war were lowering around\\nhim when he took the oath of office. The princi-\\nples of the Jackson Resolutions were leading State\\nafter State to secede from the Union. The time\\nhad almost arrived when Missouri will join the\\nslave States against the encroacliments of North-\\nern fanaticism. In view of these old and settled\\nconvictions of the governor, the tone of his inaug-\\nural message is singularly dispassionate. Ex-\\ntracts from the governor s message and from\\nproclamations are published elsewhere in this\\nvolume.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0312.jp2"}, "313": {"fulltext": "CLAIBORNE F. JACKSON. 301\\nAfter the election of delegates to the State\\nconvention on February 18, 1861, when the people\\nregistered 80,000 majority against the known\\nposition of Governor Jackson, only a handful re-\\nmained true to the executive. A few months\\nlater, after Blair s fiery patriotism and Lyon s\\nmartial impetuosity had done what Jackson fore-\\nsaw would be done and vainly tried to forestall,\\nthousands of old friends renewed their loyalty to\\nthe governor, and from that time on stood with\\nhim. This renewed loyalty of old adherents was,\\nby his own confession, the proudest period of\\nJackson s life. Incorruptible and faithful him-\\nself in all things, he Avas touched by the candor\\nof others.\\nNot only did his old friends return; many of\\nthose Avho had heretofore opposed his policies now\\nstood Avitli him. But there was a time when the\\nState swung aAvay from him and he stood alone;\\nhe was calm and unyielding. The spectacle was\\nheroic.\\nGovernor Jackson was the impersonation of the\\nState rights doctrine in its last age. He believed\\nin the sovereignty of the State, as did Calhoun, or\\nToombs, or Yancey, or Stephens, or Davis. But\\nJackson was preeminently a man of the State and\\nnot of the nation. His messages to the Legisla-\\nture, his treatment of Lincoln and of Lyon, and\\nhis execution of the military bill all proclaim his\\nlimits to State boundaries and his lofty concep-\\ntion of State dignity. In Missouri of To-day,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0313.jp2"}, "314": {"fulltext": "302 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nissued by the Confederate Soldiers Home of Mis-\\nsouri, occurs this farewell notice of Governor\\nJackson: Heroic old governor! All unconscious\\nthat the tide of advancing civilization v^as forcing\\nanother great world change, and that an institu-\\ntion older than history was about to disappear, in\\nhis rugged honesty he would have defied that\\nworld with arms. He had ^made his case and\\nlost his State.\\nJackson had served the State long, and he\\nloved old Missouri. It must have wrung his heart\\nto quit his capital. He fled before Lyon to Boon-\\nville; here he essayed to make a fight, but was\\nforced to retreat southward. At Cowskin Prai-\\nrie he relinquished to General Price all authority\\nover the State Guards- He went to Memphis to\\ninduce General Polk and the Richmond authori-\\nties to send an army to assist him in reclaiming\\nhis State. But Missouri had not formally seceded.\\nWhat claim had a neutral State on the Southern\\nConfederacy? Yet he secured encouraging prom-\\nises. He returned and was with Price at the bat-\\ntle of Lexington in September. After the surren-\\nder of Mulligan, Governor Jackson issued from\\nLexington on September 26, 1861, a call conven-\\ning the Legislature in extra session at Neosho,\\nOctober 21, 1861. Special messengers were sent\\nout from Lexington to notify the members. Mean-\\ntime, the State convention, the Gamble conven-\\ntion, had declared in July that the office of gov-\\nernor was vacant Judge Gamble became pro-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0314.jp2"}, "315": {"fulltext": "CLAIBORNE F. JACKSON, 303\\nvisional governor. According to Governor Jack-\\nson s proclamation, the Legislature convened at\\nNeosho, in Masonic Hall. It is said that only\\nthirty-nine members of both houses were present\\nThe records have perished, save those that sur-\\nvive in the memory of Colonel John T. Crisp, who\\nwas secretary of the Senate. An ordinance of\\nsecession was passed, and senators and represent-\\natives were elected to the Confederate Congress.\\nGovernor Jackson s work was about done.\\nITe returned once more to the borders of his be-\\nloved State, a forlorn, desolate, and lonely figure,\\nbut yet as defiant as Caius Marius among the\\nruins of Carthage. He issued from New Madrid\\nhis last proclamation, wherein he declared the\\nState of Missouri to be a free and independent\\nrepublic. He recited the outrages and usurpa-\\ntions of Federal military and civil authorities.\\nHe declared that the State of Missouri as a sov\\nereign, free, and independent republic, has full\\npower to levy war, conclude peace, establish com-\\nmerce, contract alliances, and do all other acts\\nand ^things which independent States may of\\nright do.\\nHe then repaired to Little Rock, Ark., where\\nhe died of cancer of the stomach, December 7,\\n1862. After the war, his remains were exhumed\\nand brought to Saline County, where they were\\nreinterred in the family burying-ground of his\\nfather-in-law, Dr. John Sappington, near Arrow\\nKock. Our cut of Governor Jackson was taken", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0315.jp2"}, "316": {"fulltext": "304 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nfrom a tin-type belonging to John Pickett Jack-\\nson, of Independence, Mo., nephew of the gov-\\nernor. The long, flowing hair is a wig. The sig-\\nnature beneath the cut was taken from a bill of\\nJackson money, or Missouri script, printed on\\na hand press at Neosho, Mo. The printing was on\\nthe b[^.ck of a blank report used by banks.\\nNote Mr. J. P. Jackson, of Indepeiideuce, Mo., believes\\nhis famous Uncle Gov. Jackson, did not leave his Kentucky\\nhome without parental consent, inasmuch as he rode a fine\\nhorse, and soon after his arrival in Missouri a negro slave was\\nsent to him from home.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0316.jp2"}, "317": {"fulltext": ";See page 305.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0317.jp2"}, "318": {"fulltext": "1", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0318.jp2"}, "319": {"fulltext": "GENERAL JO. 0. SHELBY. 305\\nChapter XXTX.\\nGENERAL JO. O. SHELBY.\\nMissouri gave to tlie service of the Southern\\nCoufederacy over 100,000 sokliers and to the serv-\\nice of the Union 109,000 soldiers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 over 200,000\\nsoldiers on both sides. Among the greatest of\\nthese v^^as General Joseph Orville Shelby. Around\\nhis fame v^ill ever linger the aroma of the en-\\nclianting and chivalric deeds of the Middle Ages.\\nShelby possessed every high quality ascribed to\\ngreat captains in the histor^^ of ever^^ epoch.\\nGeneral Shelby was a strong man, a great\\nman. Greatness and strength these go together.\\nHe was strong in his convictions and tactful in\\nenforcing them. He was magnetic, and so drew\\nmen to him; his intuitions were correct, his per-\\nceptions clear, his judgment reliable, and so men\\nbelieved in him. He was a youthful general. His\\nseniors misinterpreted his ardor, never dreaming\\nthat his impetuosity was born of genius, not of\\nyouthful exuberance. His activity was ceaseless;\\nhe was never weary, never sick; he was never in-\\ncapacitated by loss of sleep, resembling in this\\nthe first Napoleon.\\nShelby had no military education as had Mar-\\nmaduke, but he had something better, the gifts of\\nNature. Courage, enthusiasm, unfaltering 7nor\\nale, devotion, dash these were the implements", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0319.jp2"}, "320": {"fulltext": "306 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\nwhich Shelb^^ skillfully used in winnin victories.\\nGeneral S. D. Jackman seems to have resembled\\nShelby very much in magnanimity, intrepidity,\\nrapid movements, and quick perception in the\\nmoment of peril. Shelby s higher military powers\\nare found only in the best generals. Shelby is re-\\ngarded by many of his men as in every way a\\nsuperior general to Price.\\nGeneral Shelby might have had any office in\\nMissouri. He could easily have been governor of\\nthe State. He was a diplomat and a man of fine\\naddress. He went to Washington, D. C, in 1893,\\nand called on President Cleveland, who was very\\nmuch impressed by his visitor. Soon after this\\nvisit, Shelby was appointed United States mar-\\nshal for the Western District of Missouri. He was\\nholding this office at the time of hi.^ death, in Feb-\\nruary, 1897. W^hile United States marshal he suc-\\ncessfully protected some railroad property during\\na strike. Governor Stone addressed him a note\\ninquiring why he so used his office. Shelby re-\\ngarded this inquiry as an unwarranted interfer-\\nence with the administration of his office, and\\nmade this reply: I am acting under the orders\\nof Uncle Sam; ask him. There was no question\\nof General Shelby s loyalty to the United States\\nGovernment.\\nIn Five Famous Missourians is recorded the\\nfollowing incident, which occurred after the re-\\ntreat from Westport in 1864:\\nThe suffering of the army was great, and, as", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0320.jp2"}, "321": {"fulltext": "GENERAL JO. 0. SHELBY. 307\\none soldier has since put it, hard ridin^^ and hard\\nfighting made a hard appetite, and they were no\\nrespecters of other people s pigs and poultry.\\nOne day Shelby was standing on the White River,\\nwatering his horse. A gallant private was simi-\\nlarly engaged in a group of soldiers just below\\nShelby, while slung across his saddle was a sack\\ncarefully tied and bleeding at one end-\\nWhat have you got there? Shelby demand-\\ned of him.\\nBeen havin my clothes washed, answered\\nthe private, with a grin.\\nYou d better get back to camp, said Shelby,\\nor your clothes will bleed to death.\\nThe private was put into the guard-house,\\nbut when that night a quarter of fresh pork was\\nfound in the general s tent, Shelby, with a sense\\nof humor, and after eying the pork hungrily, said:\\nI have no idea where this came from; but go\\nround to the guard-house, orderly, and tell em to\\nturn Gentry loose. There s no use in shutting a\\nman up for life for a little laundry.\\nGeneral Shelby was born at Lexington, Ky.,\\nDecember 12, 1830. The Shelby family was an\\naristocratic one, springing from the same patri-\\ncian source as the Prestons, Bledsoes, Brecken-\\nridges, Marshals, Blairs, Bentons, Browns, Hamp-\\ntons, etc. These families are all related. The\\nBentons and Blairs were closely related. Jo. O.\\nShelby, Gratz Brown, and Francis P. Blair were\\ncousins and play-fellows. General Shelby and", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0321.jp2"}, "322": {"fulltext": "308 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nGeneral John Morgan were in school together.\\nGeneral Shelby s ancestors were in the Revolu-\\ntionary War; his grandfather was the first gov-\\nernor of Kentucky and an intimate friend of An-\\ndrew Jackson s, as was also the elder Blair.\\nGeneral Shelby was educated at Transylvania\\nUniversity in his native town and at college in\\nPhiladelphia. He was an orphan at five years of\\nage, and came to Lafayette County, Missouri, at\\nthe age of nineteen. He married Miss Elizabeth\\nShelby, a very distant relative.\\nHemp-raising was a great industry in Missouri\\nbefore the war, and young Shelby set up a rope\\nfactory on the river at Waverly, Mo. He was rap-\\nidly acquiring wealth when the war broke out; he\\nowned a great deal of land and many slaves. He\\nwas an active participant with other Missourians\\nin the election at Lawrence in 1856.\\nWhen the war cloud appeared on the horizon,\\nand while yet no larger than a man s hand, Fran-\\ncis P. Blair, one of the first men in the nation to\\ndiscern the coming storm, sent for Shelby, who\\nwent by boat to St. Louis. The two cousins held\\nan interview; Blair proposed to find military em-\\nployment for Shelby, who rejected the idea with\\ndisdain. He returned to Waverly, and in a few\\nmonths w^as engaged in organizing a company of\\nState Guards. Captain Shelby fought under the\\nflag of Missouri at Wilson Creek, Lexing-ton, and\\nPea Eidge. After Pea Ridge, he joined the Con-\\nfederate Army and accompanied Price to Missis-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0322.jp2"}, "323": {"fulltext": "GENERAL JO. 0. SHELBY. 309\\nsippi, where he fought at Farmington, Oorinth,\\nand Iiika. Returning to Missouri, he raised a reg-\\niment, and thence to the close of the war he was\\na conspicuous figure in nearly every battle, cam-\\nIjaign, and raid in the Western Department.\\nAt the close of the great war General Shelbj\\ncalled around him several hundred veterans of\\nthe Iron Brigade and marched across Texas to\\nMexico. When they arrived at the Rio Grande\\nthe Cyonfederate flag was buried in the turbid\\nwaters. It was done with pathetic ceremony,\\nJuly 4, 1865. At Piedras Negras the army was\\nmet by Governor Biesca, a leader of Juarez, who\\noffered Shelby full command of the Liberal arm-\\nies of the States of Nuevo Leon and Coahuila.\\nShelby would have accepted, but his officers voted\\nto sustain the Emperor Maximilian. At Ohapul-\\ntepec Shelby offered his sword to the Emperor; it\\nwas declined.\\nShelby believed he could call to him an army\\nof 40,000 veterans, late of the Confederate Army.\\nMaximilian soon discovered that his empire was\\nfalling to pieces, and then he sent for Shelby, but\\nit Avas too late. Shelby said he could not then\\nraise a corporal s guard. Maximilian was shot at\\nQueretaro, and from that day to this his queen\\nhas lived in a mad-house. The Emperor was kind\\nto Shelby, and gave him and the exiles with him\\na grant of land for a colony, called Garlotta, after\\nthe Empress. The colonists returned one by one\\nto their native land. For awhile General Shelby", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0323.jp2"}, "324": {"fulltext": "glO BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MTSSOUBIANS.\\nwas a freighter; later he had management of a\\nline of ships plying between Vera Cruz and Cuba.\\nIn a few years General Shelby returned to Mis-\\nsouri. He took up his residence in Bates County.\\nGeneral Shelby lies buried in Forest Hill Cem-\\netery, Kansas City, Mo., among his comrades who\\nfell at the battle of Westport. His wife, a daugh^\\nter, and several sons survive him.\\nA project is on foot to erect a monument at\\nShelby s grave, commemorative of his achieve-\\nments and the achievements of the seventy-five\\nveterans who slumber with him.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0324.jp2"}, "325": {"fulltext": "GENERAL JOHN S. MARMADUKE. gH\\nChnpfcr XXX,\\nGENERAL JOHN S. MARMADUKE.\\nPie was the Bayard of Missouri, the soul of\\nhonor and generosity. ITis energy was regnlated\\nand directed by the highest learning in the art of\\nwar. Ilis schoLarship in all branches of learning\\nwas surpassed by few men in the service of the\\nSouthern Confederacy. He was a modest man,\\nand singularly free from vanity; no promotion\\never came to him as the result of any parade of his\\npersonal claims. His equipose was superb, and\\nhis readiness to sacrifice himself for others in\\nrank or file announced the greatness of his soul.\\nHe was the most unselfish of men.\\nFew of the heroes who attained renown in the\\nwar period of our State were natives of Missouri.\\nMarmaduke w^as one of the few. Senator Oockrell\\nw^as another. These two men, whose lives are in-\\ntegral parts of the State s history, were not only\\nborn in Missouri, but were educated in a famous\\npioneer Missouri school Chapel Hill College, lo-\\ncated on the western border of Lafayette County.\\nThe college building was destroyed by fire during\\nthe war, and the ruins are marked to this day by\\nmasses of unsightly rubble.\\nJohn Sappington Marmaduke was born in\\nSaline County, March 22, 1833. His father was\\na wealthy farmer and a prominent citizen. John", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0325.jp2"}, "326": {"fulltext": "312 BATTLES AND BIOORAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nwas the second son; when eleven years of age he\\nwitnessed the inauguration of his father as gov-\\nernor of the State. His entire life was spent in\\nthe refining circles of high official life. Through-\\nout life his advantages were of the best and his\\nopportunities were never lightly tossed aside. In\\nearly life he had wealth and social position. His\\nmind readily took the polish of education. He\\nattended the Chapel Hill College and the Masonic\\nCollege at Lexington. Afterwards he attended\\nboth Yale and Harvard; then he finished at West\\nPoint, from which he graduated in 1857. He was\\nassigned to duty in the United States Army as\\nsecond lieutenant in the Seventh Infantry. At\\nthis time and for several years previously the\\nMoruKms of Utah were and had been in defiant\\nattitude against the United States. General Al-\\nbert Sidney Johnston led an expedition across the\\nplains to Salt Lake City, and succeeded in reduc-\\ning Brigham Young and his polygamous follow-\\ners to subjection without bloodshed. Lieutenant\\n-Marmaduke left West Point and went immedi-\\nately into Albert Sidney Johnston s Utah expedi-\\ntion. It was a valuable experience for the young\\nlieutenant. He formed a strong attachment for\\nthe commanding general, w^ho had been in the\\nmilitary service for thirty years. It is not strange,\\ntherefore, that Marmaduke went to Johnston in\\n1861. He saw the great general fall in the bat-\\ntle at Shiloh. The death of Johnston was a heavy\\nloss to the Southern Confederacy; Marmaduke", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0326.jp2"}, "327": {"fulltext": "GENERAL JOHN 8. MARMADUKE. 313\\nlost a personal friend and his first great teacher\\nin the actual art of war.\\nEarly in 1861 Captain Nathaniel Lyon and\\nFrancis P. Blair organized a military campaign\\nagainst the legal authorities of the State of Mis-\\nsouri. Such a movement was intolerable to those\\nholding to the State rights theory of government.\\nMarmaduke looked upon all military aggression\\nagainst the State as outrageous, if not treasonable.\\nImmediately after Lyon captured Camp Jack-\\nson, and as a result of that military movement,\\nMarmaduke resigned his commission in the Uni-\\nted States Army and offered his services to Gov-\\nernor elackson. The governor commissioned him\\nto raise a regiment in the counties contiguous to\\nJelTerson City, to be knoAvn as the First Regiment\\nof Rifles.\\nHis regiment was in the process of formation,\\nand had been partly organized, when the Price-\\nHarney agreement suspended all military activ-\\nity. Marmaduke s troops and all the State Guards\\nover the State were dispersed and sent to their\\nrespective homes. Shortly after this, Harney was\\nrelieved of command at St. Louis, and Lyon was\\nappointed in his place. Tlie Price-Harney agree-\\nment was repudiated by the ncAV commander, who\\ndeclared war against the State, and prepared to\\nmarch against the State capital. This was all\\ndone so quickly that Marmaduke had no time to\\nreassemble his parth^ organized regiment of rifles.\\nThe public property at Jefferson City was hastily\\n21", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0327.jp2"}, "328": {"fulltext": "314 BATTLES AWD BIOGRAPHIES OF MlSSOURIANS.\\nremoved by boat to Booiiville, whither Marma\\nduke repaired, in company Avith Governor Jack-\\nson and General Price. Lyon occupied Jefferson\\nCity, and, leaving a garrison under Colonel Boer-\\nstein, whose men had done the shooting at Camp\\nJackson, pushed on to Boonville, well knowing\\nthat not a moment could be safely lost. Mar ma-\\nduke was placed in command of the gathering\\narmy at Boonville. He was the best educated\\nsoldier in the State. He clearly apprehended the\\nfolly of making a stand against Lyon, who was\\nalso an educated soldier and who commanded a\\nwell-organized and well-equipped army of some\\n2,000 men. Governor Jackson ordered Marma-\\nduke to tiglit, and so well did he obey the order\\nthat Lyon was re]nilsed at first.\\nAfter the retreat from Boonville, Marmaduke\\nleft the State and reported to liis old commander,\\nAlbert Sidney Johnston, in Kentucky. If Marma-\\nduke was offended at Jackson, no hint of it was\\never dropped. Marmaduke was rapidly promoted\\nunder Johnston; lie was commissioned first lieu-\\ntenant of cavalry, and soon after lieutenant-cqlo\\nnel; then colonel, and w^as assigned to the com-\\nmand of the Third Confederate Infantry. In the\\nbattle of Shiloh his regiment captured the first\\nprisoners taken. In the second day s battle he\\nwas wounded, and after his recovery was given\\ncommand of a brigade and recommended for pro-\\nmotion to brigadier general.\\nAfter the battle of Corinth there was an exo-\\ndus of Missourians to the Trans-Mississippi De-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0328.jp2"}, "329": {"fulltext": "GENERAL JOHN 8. MABAIADUKE. 3I5\\npartment. All through the West recruiting was\\nin progress, and able commanders were in de-\\nmand. The battles of Independence and Lone\\nJack had been fought. General Hindman was in\\ncommand of all the region west of the Mississippi\\nRiver. Hindman was a stern man and was con-\\ncentrating an army in the Boston Mountains of\\nArkansas. Thither Shelby came out of Missouri\\nwith a brigade. Hindman asked the Confederate\\nGovernment at Richmond to send him General\\nMarmaduke to take command of the cavalry west\\nof the river. On October 22, 1862, Marmaduke\\narrived and took command of a division composed\\nof Shelby s Missouri brigade and a brigade of Ar-\\nkansans. The division was about 4,000 strong;\\nBlunt came down with 7,000 Federal veterans,\\nand was fought to a standstill at Cane Hill. The\\nsubsequent military movements of General Mar-\\nmaduke are recounted in appropriate chapters of\\nthis book.\\nAfter the war General Marmaduke was editor\\nof an agricultural paper in St. Louis. He was\\nappointed and then elected railroad commissioner.\\nIn 1884 he was elected governor of the State,\\nforty 3^ears after his father had occupied the same\\noffice. Before the expiration of his term, in 1887,\\nhe died at the executive mansion in Jefferson City.\\nThe General Assembly of the State has or-\\ndered a monument of Missouri syenite granite to\\nbe erected over Marmaduke s grave at Jefferson\\nCity. The monument is to be erected during the\\nsummer of 1900, and it will be 20.5 feet in height.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0329.jp2"}, "330": {"fulltext": "316 BATTLES AND BIOQRAPHIEB OF MIS80URIAN8.\\nChapter XXXI.\\nBLEDSOE, OF MISSOURI.\\nBy Captain Jo. A. Wilson.\\nColonel Hiram Miller Bledsoe Old Hi Bled\\nsoe the hero and ideal of Missourians, died at\\nhis home, Pleasant Hill, Cass County, Mo., Febru-\\nary 7, 1899, aged 73 years. Born in Kentucky, he\\ncame to Missouri when young, and settled near\\nLexington, where he was early identified with\\npolitical and other important events. He served\\nin the Mexican War with Doniphan s famous cav-\\nalry, whose prodigious marches and dashing com-\\nbats adorn the brightest pages of American his-\\ntory. In 185G, being, like most of our prosperous\\nfarmers in the river counties, a slave-holder, he\\nwas deeply interested in the struggle over the\\nfate of Kansas. In those stirring scenes prelimi-\\nnary to the irrepressible conflict he took an active\\npart, leading a company from his county to the\\nseat of war on the plains of Kansas. In 1861,\\nwhen Federal troops occupied St. Louis, and Gov-\\nernor Claiborne F. Jackson called for volunteers\\nand militia to guard the State capitol, Bledsoe,\\nwith thirteen men, took passage on a steamboat\\nfor the scene. On the boat he got three recruits,\\nand, picking up others along the river, organized\\na company of mounted rifles of some sixty men at\\nJefferson City. They drew Mississippi rifles from", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0330.jp2"}, "331": {"fulltext": "BLEDSOE, OF MISSOURI. 3I7\\nthe 8tate, and some had pistols and knives. He\\nset to work to drill and discipline his men, but\\nthey had no horses.\\nAt this time Governor Jackson and General\\nSterling Price, commanding the Missouri militia,\\nreturned from St. Louis, after concluding a kind\\nof .truce with General Harney, who was at the\\nhead of the Union forces. In this matter our offi-\\ncers overreached the Union leaders, and made\\nterms very favorable to the Secession cause. But\\nJefferson City was then filled with Secessionists,\\nnascent warriors ready for battle, and hearing\\nthat the fight was off, tJiey conceived the idea that\\nGeneral Price had betrayed them and the cause.\\nThey swarmed about the capitol by thousands,\\nwith cries of Traitor! Sold out! Hang him!\\netc. General Price, who never seemed to have\\nany idea of personal danger, was facing the mob\\nalmost alone, when Bledsoe, hearing the tumult,\\ncame down at double-quick, and forming his com-\\npany, held the crowd at bay while Price made\\nthem a red-hot speech. This same crowd after-\\nwards formed a part of the army which followc^d\\nOld Pap Price to victory, to defeat, and to death.\\nFrom Jefferson City our army came to Lex-\\nington, where we found three pieces of artillery:\\na bronze 9-pounder captured by Missourians in\\nMexico, an iron 6-pounder cast in Lexington,\\nand a brass 6-pounder taken from the arsenal at\\nLiberty, Missouri. The 9-pounder, Old Sacra-\\nmento, was bored out and converted into a 12-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0331.jp2"}, "332": {"fulltext": "318 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880VRIANS.\\npounder howitzer. The chase was turned off\\nsmooth, thus reducing the thickness of the metal,\\nwhich gave the piece a peculiar sound when fired,\\nand soon it became familiar to Rebs and Feds\\nalike. The gun had been lying around in Lexing-\\nton for years, used for Fourth of July salutes, etc.\\nIt is said that the Mexicans used a quantity of \u00c2\u00a7il-\\nver in casting it. Bledsoe was with some diffi-\\nculty persuaded to take temporary charge of these\\nguns, and thus came into being one of the most\\nfamous and effective batteries of the war. His\\nmen were sworn in for the war; some said for life.\\nAt Dug Springs, Oarthage, Drywood, Oak Hill,\\nLexington, Sugar Oreek, and Elk Horn, that three-\\ngun battery was an object of special interest to\\nthe enemy, who made many attempts to capture\\nor silence it. Except when a supply was cap-\\ntured, their ammunition was home-made. Oart-\\nridge-bags were sewed, canisters cut, and fixed\\nammunition prepared by men and officers. Who-\\never had the skill and could get the tools did hie\\nshare. In lieu of grape-shot, canisters were filled\\nwith iron slugs, trace-chains anything a country\\nblacksmith shop could supply. This was called\\nscrap-shot. Some of the boys had heard of\\nshrapnel, and thought it was the same. Most of\\nthe shells and solid shot were spoils of battle,\\nnearly every engagement furnished a supply for\\nthe next. I have seen them prime with a powder-\\nhorn and fire with a heated nail-rod or a live coal.\\nAnd they shot to kill.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0332.jp2"}, "333": {"fulltext": "BLEDSOE, OF MISSOURI. Sjg\\nMustered into the Confederate service at Mem-\\nphis in March, 1862, Bledsoe received four new\\nguns with caissons and equipment. He served\\nunder Beauregard at Corinth, and was mentioned\\nin general orders for distinguished services in cov-\\nering the retreat. Under Bragg it was made a\\nsix-gun battery, but again reduced to four, as\\nwere all others. At luka, Corinth, Chickamauga,\\nChattanooga, and all through that long series of\\nbloody engagements, night vigils, heart-breaking\\nwork in the trenches, and toilsome marching\\nthrough Georgia, Bledsoe Avas ever at the post\\nof danger. Prompt, energetic, full of resource,\\nevery general under whom he served placed im-\\nplicit reliance on his skill, fortitude, and judg-\\nment to execute any plan or to hold any post, if\\nwithin the limits of human power. On Hood s\\ndisastrous campaign the battery suffered severely\\nat Altoona, Nashville, and Franklin, but was able\\nto do good service with Forrest s Cavalry in cov-\\nering the retreat. To follow their career in detail\\nwould make this article too long. A history of\\nBledsoe s battery would be a history of the war,\\nat least so far as the armies of Tennessee and Mis-\\nsissippi are concerned, to say nothing of earlier\\nwork in Missouri and Arkansas.\\nSome late writers and talkers seem proud of\\nrepresenting Bledsoe as an ignorant rough-and-\\ntumble fighter. He was not that. A born soldier\\nhe was, but, trained under skilled officers, he read\\nhistory and studied war as a science. In theoret-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0333.jp2"}, "334": {"fulltext": "320 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nical instruction commissioned and non-commis-\\nsioned officers of the Army of Tennessee had to\\nbe proficient. We studied the same tactics the\\nFederals did, and I have seen Bledsoe and his lieu-\\ntenants conning in their books the lessons in\\nwhich daily practice on drill-ground and battle-\\nfield made them all but perfect. An ignorant man\\ncould not have drilled a battery as he did, nor\\nmade the men so proficient as to fire six effective\\nshots a minute from each piece, as they did. He\\nsometimes had a listless air in camp, and was\\nprone to relax discipline or leave its details to\\nsubalterns, but in action he was alert and ener-\\ngetic always. Ilis tall figure, rather ungainly on\\nfoot, made a splendid appearance on horseback,\\nand in his voice of command there was no uncer-\\ntain sound. Trailing along in column of pieces\\nwith the skirmish line at Elk Horn, defending\\nhis cotton-bale breastworks at Jackson, ch-irgino;\\nwith the infantry, or holding a sodden mud fort\\nat Atlanta, he was always the same the self-\\nconfident, skillful master of his work.\\nHis company composed of boys from his old\\nhome, toughs from the cities, polished gentle-\\nmen, scholars, farmers, merchants, boatmen, bull-\\nwhackers, from north, south, east, west required\\nfirm, judicious management. But Bledsoe was\\nequal to the task. He could be kind and sociable,\\nyet maintain liis authority, and all his men were\\nattached to him. In the presence of his superior\\nofficers he was dignified and courteous, without", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0334.jp2"}, "335": {"fulltext": "BLEDSOE, OF MISSOURI. 321\\nservility. In his society you felt the presence of\\na geutleman^ a gentle man.\\nBledsoe was a colonel in the State Guards,\\nconiniaudiug the artillery of Price s army. He\\nAvas a captain in the Confederate service. He sur-\\nrendered at Hamburg, S. C, May 1, 1865. The bat-\\ntery then consisted of four 12-pounder Napoleon\\nguns. After the war he served one term in the\\nState Senate, and could have had almost any\\noffice in the gift of his people, but he loved a quiet\\nlife on his farm, where his home w \\\\s the favorite\\nrendezvous of his old soldiers and other friends;\\nand he never turned away even the idle and shift-\\nless, who sometimes imposed on him. He had\\nmany warm friends among the Union veterans,\\nand often discussed old times with them. He was\\nappointed by Governor Stone and served as com-\\nmissioner to locate the positions of the different\\ncommands at Chickamauga National Park.\\nThe writer belonged to another battery, but\\nsometimes had the honor of being in action at\\nBledsoe s side. His very presence seemed to be an\\nincentive to good conduct under fire. Confederate\\nVeteran.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0335.jp2"}, "336": {"fulltext": "322 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nChapter XXXII,\\nCOLONEL UPTON HAYS.\\nHe was a man, take him for all in all,\\nI shall not look upon his like again.\\nShakespeare.\\nThe war brought few losses more sincerely\\nmourned than the loss of Colonel Upton Hays.\\nHe was a born leader of men and a brilliant mili-\\ntary career was opening before him when, after\\nthe battle of Lone Jack, he was killed by a Fed-\\neral cavalryman near Newtonia, Mo.\\nUpton Hays was the youngest of a family of\\nthirteen children, five boys and eight girls. At\\nthe sunset of the nineteenth century, these are all\\ndead except the oldest, Amazon Hays, who lives\\nwith his wife and daughter, Mrs. Booth, at West-\\nport, and Linville Hays, who lives at the old Hays\\nhomestead two miles south of Westport. These\\nbrothers are very old and infirm, the former being\\nnearly 80 years of age.\\nUpton Hays was born in Callaway County,\\nMo., March 29, 1832. His father was Boone Hays,\\ngrandson of the famous pioneer, Daniel Boone.\\nWhile Upton was still a small boy, the family\\nmoved to Jackson County and settled near West-\\nport. This was in 1837. The elder son, Amazon,\\nthen 18 years of age, spent that summer in Inde-\\npendence, Mo., and worked in the plow factory", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0336.jp2"}, "337": {"fulltext": "COLONEL UPTON HAYS. 323\\nowned by Robert Weston (whose funeral occurred\\nto-day, November 28, 1899).\\nIn 1849 Boone Hays, accompanied by his eld-\\nest and youngest sons, went across the plains\\nto California, where he died the following year.\\nMeantime, Amazon had returned to Missouri and\\nwas driving a band of 500 cattle through to Cali-\\nfornia. The two boys returned to Westport, then\\non the western rim of civilization and the start-\\ning-point for travelers across the plains. After\\nthe war with Mexico, a large freighting business\\nsprang up between points on the Missouri River\\nand Santa F^, New Mexico, conducted overland\\nby wagon-trains.\\nAfter Amazon and Upton Hays returned to\\nWestport, it was arranged for Upton to enter\\nschool. He attended school one week. A Mexi-\\ncan Avho had left Westport with a wagon-train\\nfor Santa F^ made such slow progress that he\\nreturned and induced the youthful Upton to go\\nwith him as captain of the train. This suited the\\nadventurous school-boy far better than the school-\\nroom, and he conducted the Mexican s train to its\\ndestination safely and in good time. This trip\\ndemonstrated that Upton Hays, boy as he was,\\npossessed marked executive ability.\\nThe Government sent out annually long wagon-\\ntrains of supplies under contractors. These con-\\ntractors usually made a great deal of money, but\\na great deal of money had to be first invested in\\nanimals, wagons, hire of men, etc. Amazon and", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0337.jp2"}, "338": {"fulltext": "324 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\nUpton Hays formed a company with Henry C.\\nChiles and Mr. Hunter, each of the four putting\\nin 125,000. The company secured large Govern-\\nment contracts, and equipped 101 wagons and\\nsent them out under the management of the com-\\npany. This train was insufficient, and so subcon-\\ntractors were employed. One of Jennison s first\\nexploits was the capture of a train belonging to\\nUpton Hays. Soon after this, Jennison burned\\nUpton Hays house, a very fine, new building; cat-\\ntle, horses, carriages, and negroes were carried\\noff. Then Upton Hays organized a company to\\nresist these predatory raids. The company soon\\nhad work to do. Jennison came down again, plun-\\ndering and burning. At one time sixteen burn-\\ning farm-houses could be seen from the Hays\\nhomestead. Jennison s men came on to the home\\nof Sam Hays, brother of Upton. While they were\\nransacking the house, Upton Hays arrived sud-\\ndenly with his company. His men fired upon tjie\\nmarauders before they were ordered to do so, and\\nSam Hays, a prisoner in his own house, fell badly\\nwounded by his own friends and rescuers. Quite\\na battle ensued. The house was punctured and\\nvariously marked by bullets. The bullet-holes\\nare there to this day and are shown with great\\ninterest by Mr. and Mrs. Asbury. Mrs. Asbury\\nis a daughter of Sam Hays. She remembers the\\nbattle distinctly, though but a child at the time.\\nJennison retreated toward Kansas. Afterwards\\nhe came upon Hays company encamped at White", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0338.jp2"}, "339": {"fulltext": "COLONEL UPTON HATS. 325\\nOak, on the Big Blue Kiver. A severe battle was\\nfought on this occasion. Jennison retreated to\\nKansas again, leaving a number of his men dead\\non the field. Hays lost one man, Private* Wells.\\nUpton Hays was very fond of hunting, and he\\nkept a large pack of dogs. On his last visit home,\\nhe arrived stealthily after dark. His favorite dog\\nmade a disturbance, and he slew the animal with\\nhis saber. That night he kissed his wife and chil-\\ndren, one a new-born babe, good-bye as it proved,\\nforever. He went to the recruiting camp near\\nLee s Summit, and a few days later the battle of\\nIndependence was fought. In this battle Colonel\\nHughes was killed and Colonel Thompson was\\nwounded. Colonel Hays then took command. He\\nled five different assaults against the rock fence\\noccupied by the Federals. Elsewhere is givei^an\\naccount of his gallantry at the battle of Lone\\nJack, and an account of his death. After the war,\\nhis body was taken to Westport.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0339.jp2"}, "340": {"fulltext": "326 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\nChapter XXXIII,\\nOTHER BIOGRAPHIES.\\nMajor John N. Edwards.\\nHis life was short, but full more full of works than days.\\nThis powerful and indefatigable worker, this philosopher, this\\npoet, this genius has lived among us that life of storm, strug-\\ngle, quarrel, and conflict common in all ages to all great men.\\nHugo, at the jrave of Balzac.\\nThe warrior and the poet these are the great-\\nest of earth. This man was both warrior and\\npoet; his prose is poetic. lie loved the heroic as\\nhe loved honor. Shelby was his ideal man and\\nsoldier.\\nEdwards added much to history and much to\\nAmerican literature. There is a smooth flow of\\nlanguage, a rhythmic, lilting movement, an idyllic\\ntone remarkable in all his writings. Sometimes\\nhis imagination is riotous, but his sentences are\\nalways graceful.\\nEdwards was more than a fine writer; he was\\nalso a soldier and a hero; who shall say the sol-\\ndier and hero is not better always than the poet?\\nHe fought side by side with the great Shelby. He\\nwas often wounded; on one field he lay all night,\\nbleeding from a wound made by a jagged piece of\\nshell. He lost more horses shot under him in bat-\\ntle than any other man in Shelby s brigade. His\\npersonal courage was equal to Shelby s. He was", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0340.jp2"}, "341": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 327\\nas grand on the field as he was enchanting in the\\neditor s sanctum. But you will find no hint of\\npersonal adventure in his writings. He was a\\nmodest man and a lovable man. His affection\\nwas a deep, perennial well. Mark how he loved\\nDr. Morrison Munford.\\nIn 1862 Shelby and Edwards discovered each\\nother. Shelby had returned from Corinth to La-\\nfayette County. He issued an eloquent appeal for\\nrecruits. He used this sentence: We missed you\\nin Mississippi, after Shiloh s bloody sunset embers\\ndied from the Southern sky. Edwards opens one\\nof his chapters in Shelby and His Men with this\\nsentence: Shiloh s bloody sunset ember.^ had not\\nfaded from the Southern sky when an appeal\\ncame to the army near Van Buren asking for aid\\nat Corinth. If Edw^ards did not write both of\\nthese, then it were as easy to prove that Shelby\\nwrote Edwards as to prove that Bacon w^rote\\nShakespeare.\\nJohn Newsman Edwards was born in Virginia,\\nJanuary 4, 1838. He came to Missouri in 1855,\\nand at the beginning of the war was editing a\\nnewspaper at Lexington, Mo. In 1862 he joined\\nShelby s command at Waverly, Mo., and was ap-\\npointed brigade adjutant with the rank of major.\\nWhen Shelby was promoted to the command of\\na division, EdAvards took the rank as colonel.\\nAfter the close of the war Edwards went with\\nShelb}^ to Mexico, where he was the special friend\\nof Maximilian and his queen, Carlotta. While in", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0341.jp2"}, "342": {"fulltext": "328 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nMexico he edited the Mexican Times, half in En-\\nglish and half in Spanish. Keturning to Missouri,\\nhe and Colonel John C. Moore established the\\nKansas City Times. In 1871 he was married to\\nMary Virginia Plattenburg, of Dover, Mo. He\\ndied in 1889.\\nDr. Calch Winfrey.\\nAt the beginning of the war Dr. Winfrey was\\na merchant and practicing physician at Lone\\nJack. Geo. B. Webb, who had served with Doni-\\nphan in Mexico, was a prominent citizen in the\\nsame neighborhood. Webb and W^infrey were\\nDavid and Jonathan over again. In the summer\\nof 1862 these two men called their mutual friends\\ntogether and organized them into a Confederate\\ncompany. Dr. Winfrey was elected captain and\\nWebb lieutenant. In a few days the company\\nhad its baptism of fire at the battle of Lone Jack.\\nAfter the fight Dr. Winfrey was made surgeon of\\nthe Second (Hays Regiment, with the rank of\\nmajor. Lieutenant Webb became captain and\\nserved in this capacity until he fell mortally\\nwounded at the battle of Byrum s Ford, near\\nWestport, in 1864. As Captain Webb languished\\nwith his death wound on the field, Dr. Winfrey\\ntook him up and cared for him for two weeks until\\nhe died, then buried him beside his comrades. The\\nbody was afterwards reinterred at Forest Hill\\nCemetery.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0342.jp2"}, "343": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 329\\nDr. Caleb Winfrey was born December 8, 1823,\\nin Surry County, North Carolina. At the age of\\nnineteen he came west and located near Chapel\\nHill, famous for its college. Young Winfrey\\ntaught school for awhile, and then attended the\\nMedical Department of the St. Louis University,\\nfrom which he graduated in 1847. In June of that\\nyear he married Miss Elizabeth Shore and settled\\nat Lone Jack for the practice of his profession. In\\n1861 he had a lucrative practice, owned a large\\nfarm, and was proprietor of a drug and general\\nstore at Lone Jack. He enlisted as surgeon in the\\nState Guards, and accompanied Colonel Gideon\\nW. Thompson to Cowskin Prairie. At the battle\\nof Wilson Creek his skill as a surgeon was inval-\\nuable, lie was present at the battle of Lexing-\\nton. He spent a part of the winter of 1862 with\\nhis family at Lone Jack a time full of danger\\n.and narrow escapes. In the spring he and Webb\\norganized Company C, which fought its first bat-\\ntle at Lone Jack. At the beginning of the battle\\nDr. Winfrey found the Feilerals entrenched in his\\nstore and in his dwelling adjoining. He led his\\ncompany against them, but was repulsed in a\\nbloody conflict. After falling back, he rallied his\\nmen and in a second charge dislodged the enemy\\nand held the buildings to the end of the fight.\\nAfter the battle of Lone Jack, Dr. Winfrey\\nwent south with Hays command. He was senior\\nsurgeon of Shelby s brigade, and was present at\\nthe battles of Cane Hill, Prairie Grove, and New-\\n22", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0343.jp2"}, "344": {"fulltext": "330 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIAN8.\\ntonia. He was at the second battle of Springfield\\n(January 8, 1863). He remained here after the\\nConfederates withdrew, in char^^e of the hospital\\nuntil the wounded were able to travel, when he\\naccompanied them as prisoners of war to City\\nPoint, Virginia, where they w^ere exchanged.\\nFrom City Point he set out to rejoin his com-\\nmand, and on his way arrived at Vicksburg just\\nbefore the beginning of the siege. He saw the\\nbattles of Champion Hill and Big Black, was in\\nVicksburg during the siege, and remained there\\nuntil the place capitulated. He met and con-\\nversed with General Grant. The return trip\\nacross the Mississippi Eiver was a dangerous one,\\nbut he arrived safe at Price s army, in camp at\\nCamden. He was at the principal battles in the\\noperations against Steel, and in the autumn of\\n1864 came with the command on Price s great\\nraid.\\nThe wounded at the battle of Westport re-\\nquired many surgeons and Dr. Winfrey, at the\\nrequest of General Price, remained to care for his\\nsoldiers and dying comrades. He arrived at St.\\nLouis on his way back to the army, when news\\ncame that Lee had surrendered.\\nAfter the war. Dr. Winfrey enjoyed a very\\nlarge practice for years at Pleasant Hill, Mo. In\\n1879 he moved to Kansas City, where he still lives.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0344.jp2"}, "345": {"fulltext": "OTHER BiOGRAPHIES. 331\\nJudge R. L. Yeager.\\nR L. Yeager, whose professional life has been\\nspent in Kansas City, was born in Kentucky, Aug-\\nust 26, 1843. His parents died when he was but\\nnine years of age, and he was brought to Missouri,\\nwhere he grew to manhood on a farm in Marion\\nCounty. He entered St. Paul Episcopal College\\nat Palmyra, from which he graduated in 1861, as\\nthe war clouds were lowering over our unhappy\\ncountry. The young graduate hastened from Com-\\nmencement to join Kneisley s battery, in which he\\nserved for a year and a half, when he was trans-\\nferred to PrindalFs battalion of sharpshooters, in\\nParsons division of Price s corps.\\nDuring the summer of 1861 the turmoil and\\ndistress in northeastern Missouri was not exceed-\\ned in any other part of the State. General Harris\\norganized his army of State Guards under great\\ndifficulties and hardships. The youthful Yeager\\nenlisted at Palmyra under Captain Owens. His\\nardent spirit was soon gratified with stirring war\\nexperiences. He, was in, the hand-to-hand fight\\nagainst an Illinois command posted at Kirksville;\\nhe was in the affairs at Shelbina, Alexandria, and\\nother places; he took conspicuous part in all the\\nbattles and skirmishes which occurred in north-\\neastern Missouri that summer. He was in Colonel\\nGreen s regiment which marched under General\\nHarris to join Price in front of Lexington in Sep-\\ntember. The college boy assisted in the capture", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0345.jp2"}, "346": {"fulltext": "332 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nof Mulligan, and was in the battle of Pea Ridoe.\\nHe went across the Mississippi Iliver, and after\\nthe battle of Corinth returned west with the State\\nGuards under General Parsons. He was in the\\nbattles of Cane Hill, Prairie Grove, and Helena.\\nIn the operations against Banks and Steele\\nhe was constantly with his battalion. He surren-\\ndered at Shreveport. After the war, he went to\\nTexas and read law for one year with ex-Go vemor\\nThrockmorton. Afterwards he graduated from\\nthe law school at Louisville, K}^ He then came\\nto Kansas City, where he entered upon a success-\\nful practice of his profession. He was elected\\nprosecuting attorney of Jackson County in 1872,\\nand again in 1874. He is director of the First Na-\\ntional Bank and president of the Safety Building\\nand Loan Association. He has served for years as\\nschool director.\\nProfessor J. M. Greenwood says of Judge Yea-\\nger: The ambition of his life has been to make\\nthe public schools the crowning glory of Kansas\\nCity. To this end he has worked night and day.\\nHis qualities of mind and heart are of that ster-\\nling character which shirks at no responsibility\\nand never hesitates in the performance of a duty.\\nHe was married in 1870 to Miss Leonora\\nForbis, of Independence, Mo. They have five\\nchildren.", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0346.jp2"}, "347": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 333\\nMajor BlaJce L. Woodson.\\nIn the United States, as elsewhere, the coun-\\ntry boy has many drawbacks in early life. He\\nrarely achieves social success in later life, but in\\nphysique, will-power, and darini; he is more than\\npeer to his city-bred brothers. He is a temperate,\\nhard-working, and successful business man.\\nTo this class belongs Blake L. Woodson. He\\nwas born and reared on a farm in old Virginia;\\nthe second son of William Woodson and Martha\\nGilbert Haythe. In his seventh year he lost his\\nfather.\\nAs he grew up, the ambition to accoimplish\\nsomething in life began soon to stir in the boy s\\nheart. He became a great reader and student.\\nThe pine knot and tallow dip did duty for light;\\nbut a sound mind in a sound body absorbed the\\nthought. There are to-day few better read men\\nin Missouri.\\nOf English stock, Puritan bred, dark hair,\\ndeeply set gray eyes, prominent nose, and strong\\nfeatures, he looks the typical American of old\\ncolonial type. Men think kindly thoughts and\\nlove charity until these virtues show in their faces.\\nThey show in his.\\nHe graduated from Lynchburg College in 1858,\\nwith the degree of A.B. Then a law course at the\\nUniversity of Virginia and at the law school of\\nJohn W. Brooksborough at Lexington. This was\\nhis equipment in his chosen profession, the law.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0347.jp2"}, "348": {"fulltext": "834^^^^^^ BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOUBIANS.\\nHe entered the Confederate Army as first lieu-\\ntenant in May, 1861, and was disbanded as major\\nand brevet lieutenant-colonel, in May, 1865. He\\ncame to Missouri in 1871, and has ever since lived\\nin Kansas City. Twice married, he has three liv-\\ning children, by his second wife, Nora Delany\\nviz., Constance, Mary Blake, and Nora G.\\nAs a lawyer he is courteous, honest, and fair,\\nand a thorough master, especially of the criminal\\nlaw, ancient and modern. As a citizen, he is an\\nintense lover of his country, of his Government,\\nand of his fellow-man; a man not afraid to speak\\nout for God and the right; a man who loves jus-\\ntice and hates sham and fraud; a man free from\\nhypocrisy in act, conduct, and speech.\\nHe was born May 25, 1835, and when the mus-\\nter comes to the old soldier and citizen, the coun-\\ntry boy may feel that he has achieved something\\nin life.\\nHenry Y. P. Knhrich.\\nOur portrait of Captain Kabrick shows him in\\nthe uniform of a Confederate soldier at the close\\nof the war. He entered the service August 14,\\n1862, and two days later was given his baptism\\nof fire at the battle of Lone Jack. He belonged\\nto Company C, 2d Missouri Cavalry, Marmaduke s\\nDivision. There was no truer soldier and there\\nis no truer friend than Henry Kabrick. He is\\nproud of his war record, as every real soldier\\nshould be. He was in the battles at Lone Jack,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0348.jp2"}, "349": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 335\\nNewtonia, Cape Girardeau, Osage Elver, Lexing-\\nton, Westport, Mine Creek, and all the battles\\nand skirmishes of his command. He was still a\\nyoung man when the war closed and he returned\\nto his home near Oak Grove, Mo., where he has\\nresided ever since, following the vocations of\\nfarmer and carpenter. He is one of the substan-\\ntial citizens of the county, and is captain of Up.\\nHays Camp, United Confederate Veterans, at Oak\\nGrove.\\nCaptain Kabrick has a son, Lee Kabrick, serv-\\ning in the United States Army in the Philippine\\nIslands.\\nFrancis Marion Webh.\\nF. M. Webb, of Jackson County, Mo., was a\\nmere boy when he joined the Army. On January\\n1, 1863, he attached himself to Company C, 2d\\nMissouri Cavalry, Shelby s Division, and from\\nthat time until he surrendered at Shreveport,\\nJune 14, 1805, he never left the field nor faltered\\nin support of the Southern cause. He delights in\\nrecounting his adventures. His first battle was at\\nSpringfield, Mo., January 8, 1863. He fought at\\nthe battles of Cape Girardeau, Little Rock, Mark s\\nMills, and many others, including the battles\\nand heavy skirmishes of Price s raid in 1864. He\\nwas with his command in front for five weeks,\\nharassing the rear of Steele s army as it eagerly\\nretreated from Little Eock to connect with Banks\\nat Shreveport, the only refuge from annihilation.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0349.jp2"}, "350": {"fulltext": "336 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI880URIAN8.\\nAlthough a dashing young soldier, ready for raid,\\nor fight, or frolic, he settled down after the sur-\\nrender to the quietude of a happy domestic life,\\nand is the father of a large family of bright boys\\nand girls, ten in all. He is a successful farmer\\nnear Oak Grove, Mo.\\nCaptain Wm. H. Gregg.\\nCaptain Wm. H. Gregg, of Kansas City, was\\nsworn into the State Guards June 1, 1861, and\\nmarched at once for rendezvous at Rock Creek\\nschool-house, near Independence, Mo., where he\\nsaw the killing of Colonel Ilalloway by his own\\nmen. Gregg s company, of which he was captain,\\nwas attached to Colonel Rosser s regiment, Rain s\\ndivision. At the expiration of the term for which\\nCaptain Gregg enlisted, he returned home on ac-\\ncount of sickness. Before regaining health he was\\nforced to seek a place of safety. The avenues to\\nPrice s army were carefully guarded, and he cast\\nhis lot with Quantrell. Captain Gregg %recounts\\nsixt^^-five battles and skirmishes in which he took\\npart, and he is able to give the names of the places\\nand the dates. Captain Gregg was never known\\nto decline an opportunity to engage in a battle.\\nHe was a dashing, fearless, enterprising soldier.\\nHe joined Quantrell as a private, and was success-\\nively promoted, by election, to first sergeant and\\nthird lieutenant, but often he commanded a com-\\npany. He joined Shelby s brigade December 25,", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0350.jp2"}, "351": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 337\\n1863, at noon, as first lieutenant, and at one\\no clock the same day he was in command of Com-\\npany I, Shank s regiment.\\nLieutenant Hopkins Hardin.\\nHopkins Hardin was a Confederate soldier\\nand served in the 19th Virginia, Pickett s Divis-\\nion. He was lieutenant of Company C.\\nLieutenant Hardin entered the Army in April,\\n1861, at the age of 23, enlisting at Scottville, Al-\\nbemarle County, Virginia. He fought in all the\\nprincipal battles and skirmishes of his division,\\ntaking part in such actions as those at Bull Kun,\\nfirst and second battles, Williamsburg, Freder-\\nicksburg, Boonsborough, and, last of all, he was\\nin that great decisive battle which determined\\nthe fate of the Southern Confederacy, the battle\\nof Gettysburg. In this battle he was wounded\\nthree times. He had been wounded previously at\\nboth Fredericksburg and Boonsborough. There\\nwas no question as to his bravery, his ardor, his\\nenthusiasm in battle. Young Hardin was a typ-\\nical Virginia soldier.\\nAt Gettysburg he was unfortunately captured,\\nafter an active service of over three years. From\\nthat time until his release at Ft Delaware in\\nJune, 1865, nearly two years, he suffered the hard-\\nships of a prisoner of war. Some of his privations\\nand sufferings wei^ unusual. He saw the inside\\nof the Federal prisons at Ft. McHenry, Point\\nLookout, Ft. Delaware, Morris Island, and Ft,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0351.jp2"}, "352": {"fulltext": "338 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIAN8.\\nPulaski. At the latter place the prisoners were\\nfed on bread and pickles for forty-nine days in re-\\ntaliation for the treatment of Federal prisonerg\\nat Andersonville. Many died and few were able\\nto walk at the end of the time. Lieutenant Har-\\ndin was one of the 600 Rebel prisoners who were\\nplaced outside the Federal breastworks at^ Mor-\\nris Island, where for weeks they were exposed to\\nthe shot and shell of their friends who were bom-\\nbarding the place.\\nLieutenant Hardin s life was saved once by a\\nnote-book. It arrested the flight of a Minie ball\\nspeeding straight for his heart. A jagged hole\\nwas torn through a number of the leaves. The\\nbullet stopped when it reached an old yellow\\npaper, which it cracked in four parts without\\npenetrating. The yellow paper was a document\\nauthorizing Hopkins Hardin to exhort in the\\nMethodist Episcopal Church.\\nLieutenant Hardin has long been a resident of\\nMissouri, and he has been a successful farmer and\\nbusiness man. He resides with his family in Inde-\\npendence, Mo.\\nColonel John B. Stone.\\nJohn Bestor Stone, who served the people of\\nJackson County, Missouri, as presiding judge of\\nthe county court from 1894 to 1898, was born in\\nPerry County, Alabama, on D^ember 5, 1842. He\\ngrew up and was educated in the South. He was\\nbut 19 years of age when the war broke out, but", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0352.jp2"}, "353": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 339\\nwith the fiery impetuosity of youth he enlisted as\\nsoldier in the Southern Arni}^, joining Company\\nA, 4th Alabama Infantry. At the second battle of\\nManassas he was severely wounded, having his\\nthigh broken. Undaunted, he rejoined his com-\\nmand when able to march. At Chickamauga he\\nwas again wounded. But his ardor was unabated.\\nIn the battle of the Wilderness he was wounded\\nthe third time, and in the seven days fight near\\nRichmond he was wounded the fourth time. He\\nwas captured at Ft, Blakely and made a prisoner\\nof war on Ship Island, where he was held until\\npeace was made. He was second lieutenant of his\\ncompany, and participated in some of the most\\nhotly contested engagements of the war.\\nAfter the war, he returned to his old home at\\nSelma, Ala., and became a merchant Afterward\\nhe went to a different part of the State and en-\\ngaged in farming. He went to Dallas, Texas, and\\nerected many large buildings there, including the\\ncapitol building, which he gave to the State ten\\nyears free of charge. He closed out his real estate\\nbusiness at Dallas and went to Colorado, where\\nhe engaged in mining. He returned to Texas and\\nremained there until 1885, when he moved to Kan-\\nsas City and engaged in the real-estate business\\nfor several years.\\nJudge Stone has been a successful man. His\\naffairs have always prospered on account of his\\nstrict business methods. He is a man of sterling\\nhonesty and strong convictions.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0353.jp2"}, "354": {"fulltext": "340 BATTLES AND BIOaRAPHIES OF MI880UBIANS.\\nJoseph M. Lowe,\\nOur great Civil War was fought generally by\\nyoung men. Witnesses of the war often remarked\\nthat a sturdy, enterprising, ambitious boy made\\nthe best possible soldier. If this was true, then\\nJoseph M. Lowe, the Kentucky soldier boy, may\\nbe regarded as a hero. He enlisted at the age of\\nsixteen in the Confederate Army under General\\nHumphrey Marshall, in Colonel Giltner s regi-\\nment, Captain Thos. E. Moore s company. On ac-\\ncount of his youthfulness, he was made a courier,\\nand, being an active youth and of strong determi-\\nnation, he performed his duties in a highly satis-\\nfactory manner. He once carried an important\\ndispatch from Richmond to Cumberland Gap.\\nThe dispatch was written on tissue paper and was\\nconcealed in the finger of his glove. In all his\\nadventures, many of them thrilling, he was never\\ncaptured. When in the enemy s lines, he con-\\nducted himself with such discretion as to attract\\nno special notice.\\nIn 1868 young Lowe left his native State and\\ncame to Missouri. Having by this time acquired,\\nby his own efforts, a good education, and having\\nprepared himself for the practice of law, he lo-\\ncated at Plattsburg, Clinton County, Mo., for the\\npractice of his profession. Two years after arriv-\\ning at Plattsburg he was nominated for prosecut-\\ning attorney by the Democratic party. The Peo-\\nple s party also nominated him; then the Repub-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0354.jp2"}, "355": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 341\\nlican party nominated him. He therefore received\\nat the general election every vote in the county.\\nHe held the office of prosecuting attorney for four\\nconsecutive terms, the only office he ever held or\\never aspired to hold until the citizens of Kansas\\nOity issued a call for him to become a candidate\\nfor the Democratic nomination for lieutenant-\\ngovernor. Mr. Lowe s success as prosecuting\\nattorney caused his party to offer him the Demo-\\ncratic nomination for Congress, which he declined.\\nIn 1883 Mr. Lowe moved to Kansas City,\\nwhere he practiced his profession for several\\nyears. In recent years he has spent most of his\\ntime in looking after his large property interests.\\nMr. Lowe belongs to a prominent American fam-\\nily. Seth Lowe, of New York, and ex-Governor\\nLowe, of Maryland, are kinsmen of his. Mr. Lowe\\nwas married at Plattsburg to Miss Mary E. Mc-\\nWilliams, daughter of Dr. John Q. A. McWill-\\niams, formerly of Kentucky. Mr. and Mrs. Lowe\\nhave two children, now grown John Rodger Lowe\\nand Florence Marian Lowe.\\nWm. Lowe is a man of marked ability, a pro-\\nfound thinker, and a distinguished orator. His\\npublic addresses are not delivered with the view\\nof spectacular or picturesque effects, but rather\\nwith the view of adding something permanent to\\nAmerican literature and American statesmanship.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0355.jp2"}, "356": {"fulltext": "342 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MtSSOURIANS.\\nColonel John T. Hughes.\\nThere fell at the battle of Independence a man\\nwho, if he had lived, would have made his impress\\nupon the times a brave, masterful man, scholarly\\nand ambitious Colonel John T. Hughes. Colonel\\nHughes w^as near of kin to General Sterling Price,\\nand enjoj^ed the full confidence and trust of that\\ngreat captain. Hughes had been with General\\nPrice through the Mexican War, and the tw^o\\nmen understood and loved each other as brothers.\\nAt the battle of Pea Ridge, when Slack fell, mor-\\ntally wounded. Price, who seldom made mistakes\\nin choosing men for arduous duties, assigned\\nHughes to the place of the fallen general. Price\\nsaw^ in Hughes the coming man, and in this Price\\nand Doniphan saw alike.\\nBut Hughes was more than a rising general.\\nHe tvas a graceful writer as w ell, and, had he live.l,\\nwould have done for Price s army what Edwards\\ndid for Shelby s division chronicled in classic\\nEnglish its achievements. Hughes was already\\nan author of note when the war began. After the\\nbattle of. Pea Ridge, Hughes followed his great\\nkinsman to assist in the operations against Grant\\nand Halleck at Corinth. In one month he was di-\\nrected by the Confederate Government at Rich-\\nmond to return to Missouri and raise a brigade,\\nwhich meant a generalship to him. He was\\non this mission, making his way to northwestern\\nMissouri, when he brought together, near Lee s", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0356.jp2"}, "357": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 343\\nSummit, the forces of Thompson, Hays, and\\nQiiantrell, and planned so skillfully the battle of\\nIndependence.\\nColonel Hughes was one of the leaders of polit-\\nical sentiment in northwestern Missouri, in the\\nyears preceding the war between the States. He\\nhad been a Whig all his life, until the Whig party\\nbecame dominated by Knownothingism, when he\\nacted with the Democrats, because the violent and\\nradical assaults of the leaders of the then form-\\ning Republican party on the Constitution, as be-\\ning a league with hell and a covenant with the\\ndevil, because it recognized the institution of\\nslavery, made it impossible for him to act with\\nthem. He was a member of the State convention\\nthat sent delegates to the National Democratic\\nConvention in 1860, the most stormy political\\nassemblage, perhaps, that ever met in Missouri\\none which none but the master hand of Sterling\\nPrice could control. He had strong, positive, and\\nclearly defined views on all the questions then\\nagitating the public mind, and expressed them\\nwith great force and energy, but was at all times\\nperfectly courteous and considerate of the sensi-\\nbilities of those who held different views, and ^o\\nthoroughly was he master of his own spirit\\nthat, no matter where he maintained his cause,\\nwhether on the street, at the fireside, on the hust-\\nings, or in the forum, he was never known to over-\\nstep the bounds of courtesy, or to make use of any\\nlanguage that could justly wound the feelings or", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0357.jp2"}, "358": {"fulltext": "344 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nstartle the self-respect of those who did not agree\\nwith him. He was a strong and ardent advocate\\nof the Union, and opposed every attempt made in\\nthe direction of taking Missouri out of the Union.\\nHe opposed calling a convention to consider the\\nquestion, and when it was called, he advocated\\nwith all his strength and energy the election of\\nthe delegates, who opposed secession.\\nHe held a commission as colonel in the Mis-\\nsouri State Guards, which was the State Militia\\nat that time. When the convention which was\\ncalled under the just and concurrent resolution\\nintroduced into and carried through the Missouri\\nLegislature by Geo. G. Vest, to consider the ques-\\ntion of secession, after deciding that Missouri\\nwould stay in the Union, usurped the whole power\\nof the State Government and entered upon the\\nrevolutionary scheme of ousting from office not\\nonly the governor, but the members of the Legis-\\nlature and Senate, the supreme judges and circuit\\njudges, and all other State officers, and thus over-\\nturn the State Government which had been regu-\\nlarly elected by the people under the laws and\\nConstitution, and being called on by the governor,\\nhe moved the troops under his command and took\\nhis place alongside of that brave and noble band\\nof patriots who fought for the maintenance of\\ngood order, and resisted to the uttermost the rev-\\nolution inaugurated by the Gamble convention,\\nand supported by the Federal troops stationed in\\nMissouri, and who were used by designing poli-", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0358.jp2"}, "359": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 345\\nticians to precipitate a conflict between the State\\nand Federal troops. Up to the time of his death,\\nhe had achieved many brilliant successes and had\\nearned for himself and his men an enviable repu-\\ntation for daring courage and hard fighting; and\\nhe was universally loved by his men for his jus-\\ntice and humanity.\\nCaptain TF. F. Wilkins, A.M., M.D.\\nIf success is measured by varied and useful ex-\\nperiences and if classical scholarship is the adorn-\\nment of a career, we shall find a model by review-\\ning the life of William F. Wilkins. Dr. Wil-\\nkins is a scholar, a writer, an orator, and a shin-\\ning light in the medical profession. He has stood\\nat the head of schools and colleges; he has found-\\ned medical institutes; he has made eminent dis-\\ncoveries in medical science; he has received de-\\ngrees from universities and colleges; he is a lin-\\nguist, a scientist, a doctor of law, and a doctor\\nof medicine; he wears the scars of a veteran of\\nour Civil War, and he is the originator of the\\nBlues and Grays.\\nIt was in keeping with modern progress that\\na man of his broad attainments and liberal views\\nshould originate the Blues and Grays. When Dr.\\nWilkins was a young man, the great Civil War\\narose to harass our unhappy land; he saw the\\nNorth and South clutch at each other s throats\\nand struggle frantically for each other s undoing\\n23", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0359.jp2"}, "360": {"fulltext": "346 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nthrough four bloody years. After peace came,\\nthe hot passions of strife still rankled and ruled\\nin the hearts of men. The great captain of the\\nconquering hosts in that terrible war said, as he\\nthrew down his sword: Let us have peace.\\nBut full and perfect peace comes only in the\\nhearts of men. As the years rolled away and the\\nshadows lengthened, those who had worn the blue\\nand those who had worn the gray softened toward\\neach other. The old enemies were friends once\\nmore. Why not bring them together in a formal\\nand fraternal association? Dr. Wilkins took th s\\nto heart and evolved a great plan. The central\\nidea was an amalgamation of all the camps of the\\nConfederate Association with all the posts of the\\nG. A. R, as the States had been reunited. The\\nDaughters of the Confederacy and the Sons of\\nVeterans were to be absorbed also into the Blues\\nand Grays. The new order was to accomplish\\nmore for the veterans of both sides than could be\\naccomplished separately by the respective but\\nindependent organizations. Dr. Wilkins called\\naround him a few veterans in Kansas City, liberal-\\nminded men, who had fought some for the North\\nand some for the South. They issued a call for a\\nmeeting of the Veterans of the War of the Rebel-\\nlion. The meeting was held at Lab )r Hall, June\\n22, 1898. Major Blake L. Woodson presided at\\nthis meeting. Permanent organization was ef-\\nfected by electing Major W. F. Winfield, president\\nof the association; Captain R. D. Bledsoe was", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0360.jp2"}, "361": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 347\\nelected vice-president, Captain H. Clay Nichols\\nsecretary, Capain N. P. Laforge treasurer. A\\ncommittee, consisting of W. F. Wilkins, N. P. La-\\nforge, Thos. B. Turner, and I. T. Elmore, was ap-\\npointed to draft a constitution and by-laws. At\\nthe next meeting a large number of veterans pre-\\nsented themselves for membership, and in a short\\ntime the number of names on the roster reached\\ninto the thousands.\\nThis sketch is meant to be a short biography\\nof Dr. Wni. F. Wilkins, and not a history of the\\nBlu^s and Grays, founded by him. Dr. Wilkins\\nwas born in Branch County, Michigan, in 1848.\\nHe moved with his parents at the age of seven to\\nIllinois, where he lived on a farm and attended\\ndistrict schools in the winter. He attended the\\nHigh School at Danville, 111., spent a year at\\nKalamazoo College, Kalamazoo, Mich., and com-\\npleted his literary education in 1869 by graduat-\\ning from Miami University, Oxford, O. He then\\ntook up the study, of law in Chicago, and, advanc-\\ning rapidly in this study as he did in all studies,\\nhe was soon admitted to the bar. Afterwards he\\nturned his attention to teaching and traveling.\\nHe holds life certificates of the highest grade in\\nten States, in all of which he has lived and held\\npositions in high schools, seminaries, and colleges.\\nDuring the great Civil War both Dr. Wilkins\\nand his father were members of the 125th Illinois\\nInfantry, and served for three years and four\\nmonths. His father was surgeon of his regiment,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0361.jp2"}, "362": {"fulltext": "348 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nand the son became assistant to the brigade sur-\\ngeon. Dr. William F. Wilkins entered the service\\nas a private, and was several times wounded. At\\nthe battle of Chickamauga he received a wound in\\nthe thigh, and at Buzzard s Eoost, Georgia, in the\\nhead. He was taken to the hospital, and, upon\\nhis recovery, was made assistant to the brigade\\nsurgeon, and continued to act in that capacity\\nuntil the close of the war.\\nDr. Wilkins won his shoulder-straps during\\nthe war, and a long and fulsome story might be\\nwritten of him. I am content, however, to close\\nthis review by adopting the subjoined excerpt\\nfrom the History of Jackson County, prefacing\\nthe quotation with the remark that Dr. Wilkins is\\na man of vast learning:\\nSince 1887 he has been numbered among the\\nmost progressive of the profession in Kansas City.\\nHe is now professor of the principles and practice\\nof medicine in the College of Physicians and Sur-\\ngeons of Kansas City, Kas., having, with nine oth-\\ners, founded that college in 1894-5; is professor of\\nphysiology and histology in the Kansas City Col-\\nlege of Dental Surgery, and acting presicfent of\\nthe same; and is a charter member of the Kansas\\nCity Society of Physicians and Surgeons. The\\ndegrees of B.A., B.S., A.M., M.S., and M.D. have\\nbeen conferred upon him. In 1887 he received the\\ndegree of Master of Arts from the Miami Univer-\\nsity, of Oxford, Ohio, of which R. W. McFarland,\\nA.M., LL.D., is president; and in June, 1894, he", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0362.jp2"}, "363": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 349\\nreceived notice that the faculty of Miami Univer-\\nsity had conferred upon him the degree of Master\\nof Science, in recognition of the merit of the thesis\\npresented in an article on ^The Effects of Alco-\\nhol on Man, which was published by the New\\nYork Medical Journal in September, 1894.\\nOn the 25th of September, 1878, Dr. Wilkins\\nwas united in marriage with Miss Josephine Wil-\\nhite, daughter of Captain J. H. Wilhite, of the\\nbloody 7th Kansas Cavalry, and Elizabeth Wil-\\nhite, of Ottawa, Kas. They haVe two children,\\nMary E. and Edith. The doctor and his wife are\\nmembers of the Baptist Church. He is a Master\\nMason, an Odd Fellow, Knight of Pythias, and\\nmedical examiner in the Knights and Ladies of\\nHonor. He is also surgeon in the Grand Army of\\nthe Eepublic, an officer in the Sons of Veterans,\\ncourt physician of the Ancient Order of Forest-\\ners, and medical examiner in the Ancient Order of\\nUnited Workmen. In politics he is a free- trade\\nDemocrat, and in favor of attending to the affairs\\nof the United States and letting the rest of the\\nworld take care of themselves.\\nColonel W. F. Cloud.\\nThe hero of two wars who bears this cogno-\\nmen first saw the light in Ohio in 1825, being\\nof combined Virginia and Maryland parentage.\\nRunning the gauntlet of backwoods and unen-\\ndowed conditions, he had but- a common-school\\neducation; and, at the age of fifteen, entered the", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0363.jp2"}, "364": {"fulltext": "^^0 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MI8S0URIANS.\\nranks of the bread-winners as apprentice to a\\ntailor, which art had attained an excellence hard-\\nly expected when p]ve in the garden first fash-\\nioned a garment. When the Mexican War was\\non, Colonel Cloud volunteered and became a sol-\\ndier for Uncle Sam; being a sergeant in Company\\nK, 2d Ohio Infantry.\\nHe served with General Taylor on the Rio\\nGrande line, and performed garrison and escort\\nduty up to Buena Vista, which ended fighting on\\nthat line.\\nThat service in Mexico qualified Colonel Cloud\\nfor duty as a soldier when the great struggle for\\nthe right of secession began in 1861. Colonel\\nCloud at that time was a citizen of Kansas, resid-\\ning in Emporia. When President Lincoln called\\nfor 75,000 volunteers. Colonel Cloud organized a\\ncompany and entered the 2d Kansas Infantry.\\nHis tender for service was made to Governor Rob-\\ninson in advance of any other company; but the\\nFirst Kansas completed its regimental organiza-\\ntion before Colonel Cloud could report for duty.\\nBefore the Second had its ranks full and before\\nequipments were furnished, it was called into the\\nfield by General Lyon, and as part of that gener-\\nal s force entered the campaign in Missouri. Col.\\nCloud, then major, took part in the battle of Wil-\\nson Creek and received special mention in the\\nreports. Of the results of that battle there are\\nvarious views, reports, and claims. The Confed-\\nerates finally held the field, but how and when?", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0364.jp2"}, "365": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 351\\nColonel Cloud s command held the extreme rio^ht\\nof the line, fought in the very hist of the scattered\\nattacks of that very peculiar battle, and re])ulsed\\nthe last attack. Then, when everything was quiet\\nand the Second, with detachments from other\\ncommands, w^ere victors for the time, an order\\ncame from Major Sturgis, who had succeeded to\\nthe command at the death of Lyon, which was:\\nYou will retire from the field when you can do\\nso with safety. Under this order the command\\nfell back, without molestation, and joined Sturgis\\nin his retreat to Springfield.\\nColonel Cloud was promoted to the command\\nof the 10th Kansas Infantry, and transferred to\\nthe 2d Kansas Cavalry, and in the summer of 1865\\nhe commanded the 15th Kansas Cavalry against\\nthe Indians, having headquarters at Fort Larned,\\nand was finally discharged in October, 1865, after\\nfour and a half years of service. During these\\nyears he had the duties of commanding troops in\\nthe field, of commanding a brigade of the district\\nof southwestern Missouri, of the district of north-\\nAvestern Arkansas, with headquarters at Fort\\nSmith, and of the district of the upper Arkansas\\nin Kansas. Commencing his battle experience at\\nWilson Creek, he engaged in the fights at Cane\\nHill, Prairie Grove, DeviPs Backbone, Darda-\\nnelle, Camden, and Jenkins Ferry in Arkansas,\\nand in mau}^ skirmishes and raids in Missouri, and\\nfinishing with the battle of Mine Creek in Kansas.\\nHis services were entirely in the Trans-Missis-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0365.jp2"}, "366": {"fulltext": "352 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nsippi Department. He came into conflict with\\nmany of Missouri s distinguished officers and sol-\\ndiers, giving and receiving hard blows, each\\nrespectively for his confirmed convictions. He\\nmakes no complaint of discourtesy shown his men\\nwhen prisoners of war with Missourians, and has\\nno fear of censure for the spirit and practice of\\nhis administration in any of the rather extensive\\njurisdictions which he held.\\nThough at the front and exposed, he never was\\nwounded, and while mainly acting on the aggres-\\nsive, he yet found himself so far to the front in\\nsome of his raids that a judicious retreat became-\\na military necessity.\\nOf this man it has been justly remarked that\\nhe carried his religion into practical life, and that\\nan oath or any irreverent or blasphemous or vul-\\ngar word or expression never marred his influ-\\nence, and that no spirits or intoxicants were in-\\ndulged in.\\nAt the age of seventy-five he has remarkable\\nvitality of body and mind, and, with a satisfaction\\nwhich is almost an exuberant joy, looks upon the\\ncompletely reunited people of the United States\\nas reward for any inability to name himself a\\ncoupon-clipper.\\nColonel Cloud has published a book, ^^Mexico\\nunder X-Kays; or, Mexican Politics from Cortez\\nto Diaz, which displays an excessive research\\nand a wonderful ability of condensation of all the", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0366.jp2"}, "367": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 353\\nimportant facts in the historic tragedies of the\\nMexican national existence.\\nGeneral Gideon W. Thompson.\\nGeneral Thompson entered the service as a\\nprivate. His neighbors, near Barry, on the county\\nline between Platte and Clay, organized into a\\ncompany and he enlisted. Only one name was\\nproposed for captain, and Gideon W. Thompson\\nwas surprised to find himself unanimously elected\\nto the head of the company. He accepted the\\nresponsibility without hesitation. He marched\\nstraight to Lexington, and in the three-days siege\\nhe and his followers became veterans and fully\\nprepared for the stern work ahead of them.\\nCaptain Thompson had been a successful farm-\\ner and trader; he knew nothing of the practical\\nscience of Avar. But the battle of Lexington re-\\nvealed his aptitude for military service, and after\\nthe surrender of Mulligan he took the rank of\\nmajor.\\nDuring the winter of 1861-2 Price s army was\\nreorganized, and Major Thompson became colonel\\nin the State Guards. He participated in all the\\nbattles and skirmishes on the retreat from Spring-\\nfield to Cross Hollows and in the great battle of\\nPea Bidge. Then he went to the Cis-Mississippi\\nDepartment, but saw no service there. Kecross-\\ning the river, accompanied by Major Hart, he\\narrived at Van Buren, Ark., on his way back to", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0367.jp2"}, "368": {"fulltext": "354 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES ^OF MISS0VRIAN8.\\nMissouri. General Hindman sent for him and\\ngave him a commission in the Confederate serv-\\nice. Then he proceeded to Missouri. At Eureka\\nSprings he was joined by Colonel Hughes with 17\\nmen. This addition swelled his small force to\\n100 men. These arrived at the Cowherd farm,\\nnear Lee s Summit, Mo., where the capture of\\nBuell at Independence was decided upon. In this\\nengagement Colonel Thompson received a wound\\nwhich shattered one of the bones of his leg. He\\nwas dragging himself painfully off the field when\\none of his neighbors came to his assistance. A\\nFederal horse was secured and the colonel was\\nlifted to the saddle. He rode slowly back to the\\npublic square. Here a bullet whizzed near him,\\nshot from the roof of the bank building occupied\\nby Buell. Col. Thompson directed Private Green,\\nof Clay County, to station himself advantageously\\nfor picking off the marksman on the roof when he\\nshould again appear. The duty was well per-\\nformed; after the battle, a dead Federal was\\nbrought down from the roof.\\nThe battle had now raged for many hours.\\nColonel Hughes had fallen, and nearly a dozen\\nother Confederate officers were dead or dying.\\nStill the Federals behind the rock fence held out\\nand Buell could not be dislodged. At this dark\\nmoment Colonel Thompson saw one of his pri-\\nvates, who had been captured, emerge from Bu-\\nell s headquarters with a sheet of white paper\\nstuck on a ramrod. It was a flag of truce and a", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0368.jp2"}, "369": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES, 355\\nmessage from Buell. Terms were quickly agreed\\nupon, and Buell came out and surrendered to\\nColonel Thompson, actually weeping as he offered\\nhis sword. The prisoner was then required to\\nsign an order, Avliich was dispatched to the Fed-\\nerals still fighting behind the stone fence. In a\\nfew minutes BuelPs entire force was in line before\\nColonel Thompson. At his command every Fed-\\neral threw his gun to the ground.\\nColonel Thompson says he paroled 240 Feder-\\nals, about 15 of whom came out of BuelPs head-\\nquarters.\\nColonel Thompson was unable to take part in\\nthe battle of Lone Jack, on account of his wound.\\nHe was the ranking Confederate officer in the\\nState at this time. He enlisted men and officers\\nas rapidly as possible, traveling about in the\\nambulance captured from Buell. In about two\\nweeks after the battle of Lone Jack, Colonels\\nThompson and Hays proceeded southward to\\nNewtouia.\\nFrom now on Colonel Thompson s command\\ntook a conspicuous part in nearly all the bat-\\ntles, campaigns, and raids of Shelby s division of\\nPrice s armj^ fighting at Cane Hill, Prairie Grove,\\nSpringfield, Hartsville, Cape Girardeau, Helena,\\nLittle Bock, Pine Bluffs, and in the remarkable\\nand bloody battles with Steele as the latter went\\nto and returned from Camden in the summer of\\n1864. In the fall of 1804, Colonel Thompson with\\nhis regiment of veterans marched and fought", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0369.jp2"}, "370": {"fulltext": "356 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nfrom beginning to end in Price s great raid. He\\nsurrendered at Shreveport, La.\\nColonel Thompson was born in Todd County,\\nKentucky, February 28, 1823. At the age of two\\nand a half years he came with his parents to\\nHoward County, Missouri. In early manhood he\\nsettled in Platte County, near Clay County, where\\nhe still lives. He has been prosperous and has\\naccumulated considerable wealth.\\nGeneral Thompson, for he is entitled to this\\nrank, is at this time the brigadier general com-\\nmanding the Western Department of the Missouri\\nEx-Confederate Association.\\nW. A. Knight\\nW. A. Knight, always known as Gus Knight,\\nwas born in Henry County, Kentucky, February\\n19, 1843. He came with his parents to Kansas\\nCity in 1849. He was in Rosser s regiment, Mis-\\nsouri State Guards, at the battle of Lexington.\\nAfter the regiment was divided into infantry\\nand cavalry, he was with Colonel Bill Martin s\\nregiment of Rains Blackberry Cavalry. After-\\nwards he entered the Confederate service, at the\\norganization of Shelb^^ s brigade, as a private of\\nCompany B, 2d Missouri Cavalry, better known as\\nShanks regiment; was in all the fighting around\\nNewtonia, Neosho, and Prairie Grove; was in\\nMarmaduke s raid to Springfield, Mo., where the\\nbattle of the 8th of January, 1863, was fought;", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0370.jp2"}, "371": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 357\\nalso at Marshfield, Mo., and Hartsville, Mo.; was\\nwith Marmaduke s raid to Cape Girardeau, when\\nthey fought at Patterson and over the entire re-\\ntreat, ending at St. Francis River; was next at the\\nbattle of Helena, Ark., on July 4, 1863; was at\\nBayou Meto and Little Rock; was with General\\nJo. Shelby on the raid from Arkadelphia, Ark., to\\nthe Missouri River, and was continually fighting\\nfrom the Boston Mountains in Arkansas through\\nto the Missouri River, at points like Warsaw, Tip-\\nton, Boonville, Arrow Rock, and Marshall, where\\nhe was captured with Lieutenant Boarman of\\nCompany A and George Nelson of Kansas City;\\nwas in Gratiot Street Prison, St. Louis, for seven\\nmouths, at Alton, 111., four months, and at Camp\\nl) mglas, Chicago, seven months; was exchanged\\nat City Point in February, 1865.\\nHe then went to Mobile, Ala. On evacuation\\nof that place, went to Bob McCulloch s regiment\\nunder Forrest, at Baldwin, Miss. After the sur-\\nrender of Lee and Johnson, with fourteen of Shel-\\nby s men, crossed the Mississippi sixteen miles\\nbelow Memphis, Tenn.; from there went to Texas\\nto go with Shelby to Mexico, but was too late to\\ncatch up with him; meeting the old brigade on\\ntheir way to Shreveport to surrender, fell into\\nranks with their old companies and returned to\\nKansas City, being gone just four years to a day;\\nwas never wounded, but thinks he has seen bul-\\nlets fall around him thicker than hail.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0371.jp2"}, "372": {"fulltext": "358 ^^D BIOGRAPHIES OF MIS80URIANS.\\nSmmiel H. Chiles.\\nSamuel H. Chiles was only sixteen years of age\\nwhen the war broke out. He enlisted as one of\\nthe Fort Osage Rangers and fought for three\\nmonths under Kains in the State Guards service.\\nHis father then took him home and put him in\\nschool. But the militar^^ ardor of young Chiles\\nhad been aroused, and he ran away from hdme\\nand enlisted in Shelby s brigade. He was soon\\ntransferred to Kuffner s battery, John B. Clark s\\nbrigade, Parsons division. He was pleased with\\nthe artillery service and continued in it to the end.\\nMr. Chiles fought in the battles of Wilson\\nCreek, Drywood, Lexington, Pea Ridge, Cane Hill,\\nand Prairie Grove. He was in the battles of\\nPleasant Hill and Mansfield, in Louisiana, when\\nBanks Avas driven back. His command then\\nmoved up against Steele, who was retreating\\nfrom Camden to Little Rock.\\nAt the battle of Jenkins Ferry, Mr. Chiles was\\nwounded. Out of 26 men who served the battery,\\n20 were killed and 6 wounded. Mr. Chiles fell\\ninto the hands of the Federals, and for eleven\\nmonths was a prisoner of war, most of the timg at\\nRock Island, 111. He was paroled after Lee sur-\\nrendered; when released, he joined Shelby s expe-\\ndition to Mexico.\\nMr. Chiles was about the youngest soldier in\\nthe Western armies. He was always ready for", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0372.jp2"}, "373": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 359\\nduty and never failed to be on hand when there\\nwas fighting to be done.\\nMr. Chiles remained but a short time in Mex-\\nico, and returned to his native place in Jackson\\nCounty, Missouri, where he became a successful\\nfarmer and stock-raiser.\\nIn 1896 Mr. Chiles was chosen marshal of Jack-\\nson County. His administration of the office was\\nsatisfactory to the people, and he was reelected\\nin 1898 for another term of two years.\\nWm. E. Cas, icll\\nWm. Cassell saw some of the heaviest battles\\nof the war. He was at the Rock Creek affair,\\nnear Independence, Mo., and fought through the\\ncampaign of Missouri State Guards, closing this\\nservice at the great battle of Pea Ridge or Elk\\nHorn Tavern. Then he went across th Mississippi\\nRiver and was one of the 800 out of 8,000 who\\nw^ere alive at the end of the war. He fought at\\nall the great battles of his command, 6th Missouri\\nInfantry, Company B, Corinth, luka, the great\\nbattles around Yicksburg and through the siege\\nof Yicksburg. During the siege Company B lost\\n27 men in a mirle explosion. Mr. Cassell had\\ncharge of throwing 6-pound shells with a 5-second\\nfuse over the works into the Federal lines. He\\nused to light the fuse with a cigar, while Wm.\\nMuir tossed the shells (^^er. General Grant of-\\nfered a reward for the man who lit the fuse and", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0373.jp2"}, "374": {"fulltext": "SQO BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISS0URIAN8.\\nfor the man who threw the shells. At the siej^e\\nMr. Oassell was severely wounded. After the war,\\nMr. Cassell returned to Jackson County. He is a\\nprosperous farmer near Leeds.\\nCaptain Schuyler Lowe.\\nCaptain Lowe was born in Kentucky in 1834.\\nHe came to Independence, Mo., in 1855, which has\\nbeen his home ever since. When the war broke\\nout, he was captain of the Jackson Guards. With\\nhis company he entered the State service and\\nfought at Wilson Creek, Lexington, and Pea\\nIvidge. Then he went across the Mississippi River\\nand fought at Corinth and Holly Springs. He\\ncommanded a battery at the siege of Vicksburg,\\nwhere his guns were in action forty-seven days\\nwithout intermission. One of his guns was the\\nfamous Crazy Jane, mentioned in Grant s Mem-\\noirs for its deadly work. Captain Lowe was\\nwounded at the siege of Vicksburg, which dis-\\nabled him for a long time. He was captured after\\nbeing exchanged, and was one of the unfortunate\\n600 prisoners placed in front of the works at Mor-\\nris Island, where they were exposed, from day to\\nday, to Confederate bullets.\\nCaptain Turner A. GUI.\\nCaptain Gill was born in Kentucky, but has\\nmade Jackson County his home since his thir-\\nteenth year. At the age of twenty, at the very\\nbeginning of the war, he was in the Missouri State", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0374.jp2"}, "375": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 3(31\\nGuards. He was in the unfortunate affair at Rock\\nCreek, near Independence, where Colonel Hollo-\\nway was killed by his own men. Captain Gill was\\na private in the battles of Carthage, Wilson Creek,\\nand Lexington. He went with Price across the\\nMississippi, was wounded at the battle of Corinth,\\nfought at Port Gibson and Champion Hill, and\\nthroughout the long siege of Yicksburg. After the\\nfall of Yicksburg, he was paroled and went to\\nTexas, whither his father had gone to escape the\\nconditions prevailing in Jackson County, Mis-\\nsouri. In three months Captain Gill was ex-\\nchanged; he reported to General Shelby and was\\nassigned to duty as adjutant of the 2d Missouri\\nCavalry. Soon after he was made captain of Com-\\npany K, in which capacit}- he served to the end\\nof the war. He was through all the campaigns\\nand raids of Shelby s division, including Price s\\ngreat raid in 1864. Captain Gill was wounded\\nmany times: at Corinth, at Yicksburg, Wilson\\nCreek, and once at a skirmish in Arkansas.\\nAfter the war, he returned to Kansas City and\\nresumed his studies. He began the practice of\\nlaw in 1888 and rose rapidly in his profession; he\\nserved as mayor of Kansas City, as city counsel-\\nor, and as circuit judge. In 1888 he was elected\\njudge of the Court of Appeals for a term of twelve\\nyears. He has declined to be a candidate for\\nreelection.\\n-24", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0375.jp2"}, "376": {"fulltext": "^Jg2 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURIANS.\\nColonel John C. Moore.\\nColonel John Courtney Moore, of General Mar-\\nmaduke s staff, resident now in Kansas City, Mo.,\\nwas born in Tennessee, August 18, 1834. At the\\nage of six years he came with his parents to St,\\nLouis and was reared there. He attended the\\nState University at Columbia, Mo., and was ad-\\nmitted to practice law in St. Louis. In 1859 he\\nwent to Pike s Peak. He Avas elected to the Colo-\\nrado Legislature, and was the first mayor of\\nDenver.\\nWhen the war broke out, he hastened back to\\nMissouri and enlisted in the State Guards under\\nPrice. He was in Captain Emmet McDonald s St.\\nLouis batter}^, in which he served until after the\\nbattle of Pea Eidge. He went with Price s army\\nacross the Mississippi Kiver. After some service\\nthere he returned to the Trans-Mississippi Depart-\\nment in time to take part as voluntary aid on the\\nstaff of Colonel Shaver, in the battle of Prairie\\nGrove. In the spring of 1863 he was invited to a\\nposition on the staff of his old friend and school-\\nfellow. General Marmaduke. This position he\\nheld until the battle of Mine Creek, when his chief\\nwas captured. After the termination of Price s\\nraid, General Magruder appointed Colonel Moore\\nto the position of judge advocate general of the\\ndistrict of Arkansas, a position he held for six\\nmonths. Early in the spring of 1865 he was sent,\\nwith the rank of colonel, into northern Arkansas", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0376.jp2"}, "377": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 363\\nto raise a force for another invasion of Missouri.\\nHe had raised one regiment and parts of others,\\nwhen news came that Lee had surrendered. Gen-\\neral Jeff Thompson announced that he would sur-\\nrender northern Arkansas and everything in that\\nregion the next day. Colonel Moore did not want\\nto be included, and therefore hastened beyond the\\nArkansas Kiver. After leaving the Arkansas\\nEiver he was informed that the ^Mountain Boom-\\ners, or Union bushwhackers, were in ambuscade\\nat a place called The Narrows. He divided his\\nforce and surprised the Boomers,- whom he pun-\\nished in a severe battle. This was late in June,\\n18G5, and the battle was probably the last one\\nfought by regular Confederate soldiers. Colonel\\nMoore tried ineffectually to join Price and Shelby\\nin Mexico. He returned to Missouri, and in ISG B\\nhe and Charles Dougherty founded the Kansas\\nCity Times.\\nColonel John Nelson Southeni.\\nColonel John N. Southern, the well-known at-\\ntorney of Independence, Mo., was born in Tennes-\\nsee in 1855. His first service in the war was in\\n1861, when he furnished supplies to the Confeder-\\nate soldiers in his native State. In April, 1862, he\\nenlisted as a private in Company I, 59th Tennes-\\nsee Infantry. He saw service under Generals\\nKirby Smith, Bragg, Pemberton, and Longstreet,\\nand he took part in the principal campaigns con-\\nducted by these leaders. He was assigned special", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0377.jp2"}, "378": {"fulltext": "364 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF .MISSOURI AN 8.\\ncommand in front of the trenches at Vicksbnr^,\\nbut was a non-commissioned officer. He was gen-\\nerally detached on special duty.\\nIn 1864, by order of General Longstreet, he\\nwas scouting in the rear of Schofield s corps when\\nhe was captured. He attempted to escape and\\nwas shot in the hip. The wound disabled him for\\nlife. He was in the hospital at Bristol, Tennessee,\\nwhen the war closed.\\nColonel Southern came to Independence in\\n1868, and for more than ten years was editor and\\nmanager of the Independence Sentinel. He after-\\nwards spent some time as special editorial writer\\nfor the Kansas City Times, and then took up his\\nprofession, the law, in which he had been edu-\\ncated before the war. Since then he has enjoyed\\nan extensive and lucrative practice.\\nHe lives in a fine residence east of Independ-\\nence, and has an interesting family of grown-up\\nboys and girls. One of his sons, John Southern,\\nJr., M.D., is a practicing physician; another son,\\nthe youngest, Allen Southern, has just been ad-\\nmitted to the bar; while still another son, Wm. N.\\nSouthern, Jr., is editor and manager of the Jack-\\nson Examiner, published at Independence, Mo.\\nCaptain A. A, Lesueur.\\nCaptain Lesueur was born in St. Louis in 1842.\\nAt the age of eighteen he entered the State Guard\\nservice at Camp Jackson, in Captain Kelly s com-\\npany. Two days before the camp was captured", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0378.jp2"}, "379": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 365\\nby Lyon, this company had been ordered to Jeffer-\\nson City to guard the undistributed portion of the\\n120 tons of powder which had been stored there.\\nHis company, therefore, was not captured, and\\nwas probably the very first company in the State\\non duty after hostilities actually began. The com-\\npany became a part of General Parsons division\\nof Price s army soon after the Boonville affair.\\nYoung Lesueur rose to the rank of sergeant-major\\nof his battalion. At Cassville he was the prime\\nmover in organizing an artillery company; he was\\nsoon at the head of this organization, which\\nbecame famous as Lesueur s battery. Captain\\nLesueur fought at Boonville, Carthage, Wilson\\nCreek, Lexington, Pea Eidge, Cane Hill, Prairie\\nGrove, and Helena. At the latter battle he was\\nwounded. He was with his command at the bat-\\ntles of Mansfield, Pleasant Hill, and at all the\\nother battles and skirmishes against Banks expe-\\ndition up I\\\\ed River. After Banks retreated, Cap-\\ntain Lesueur s command arrived in front of Cam-\\nden, opened the battle against Steele, and other-\\nwise assisted in driving that commander back to\\nLittle Rock.\\nAfter the w^ar. Captain Lesueur settled at\\nLexington, Mo., and engaged in the newspaper\\nbusiness. He served one term in the Legislature,\\nand in 1888 was elected Secretary of State; was\\nreelected in 1892, and again in 1896.\\nCaptain Lesueur is an able writer. He is edi-", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0379.jp2"}, "380": {"fulltext": "366 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OF MISSOURI AN S.\\ntor of the Kansas City Times, being one of the pro-\\nprietors of that journal.\\nCaptain Stephen Carter Bagan.\\nCaptain Ragan was born in Kentucky, but was\\nreared at Kansas City, Mo. Just before the war\\nbroke out he moved to Texas. He enlisted in the\\nTexas State Militia and was elected captain of\\nCompany A, in Colonel Griffin s regiment. After\\nserving about one year, he resigned and raised a\\ncompany for the Confederate service, and pro-\\nceeded to the Cis-Mississippi Department. He\\ndeclined a promotion in order to remain with the\\nboys.- He led his company through some of the\\ngreatest battles of the war, and fought at Farm-\\nington, Corinth, Chickamauga, and in the opera-\\ntions against Sherman. Captain Eagan s war\\nrecord is one worthy of any man s pride. In 1864\\nhe returned to Texas and was made adjutant of\\nthe post at Dallas, a position he was holding at\\nthe close of the war.\\nIn 1866 he returned to Jackson County, and\\nfor a time engaged in farming. He was elected to\\nthe Legislature in 1878, and again in 1882. He\\nwas appointed deputy county marshal in 1896 by\\nCounty Marshal Samuel H. Chiles, a position he\\nstill holds.\\nMajor II. J. Yivian.\\nAmong the few who went to the front from\\nKansas City and stood with the S luth were Major", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0380.jp2"}, "381": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 3g7\\nJack Vivian, Giis Knight, Wash Thompson, Spen-\\ncer McCoy, Jim Fisher, Geo. Nelson, and Wm.\\nTodd. These made up a part of the Kansas City\\nmess.\\nMajor Vivian took part in such stirring en-\\ngagements as the battles of Pea Eidge, Independ-\\nence, Lone Jack, Cane Hill, Helena, Mark s Mills,\\netc. He was on all of Shelby s raids to the Mis-\\nsouri River, and in all the battles and skirmishes\\nagainst Steele in his Camden expedition; and, fi-\\nnally, was on Price s great raid in 1864.\\nAfter the battle of Pea Eidge, which ended the\\nservices of the Missouri State Guards,*Major Viv-\\nian went with Price s command to Memphis. He\\nand Wash Thompson, brother of Colonel Gideon\\nThompson, and who fell at Lone Jack, obtained\\npermission of General Price to return to the\\nTrans-Mississippi Department, where the.];, joined\\nColonel G. W. Thompson, wh(/was about to start\\nwith a small force on a recruiting expedition to\\nMissouri, marked by the battles of Independence\\nand Lone Jack.\\nAt the battle of Independence the major had\\nhis horse shot from under him just as the com-\\nmand was ordered to dismount at the public\\nsquare. After the battle had raged for five hours\\nat the rock fence west of town, the troops were or-\\ndered to remount, the horses having been brought\\ndoAvn for that purpose. Vivian, being afoot,\\nlooked about for a Federal horse, and found one\\ntied by a rope to a tree, without bridle or saddle,", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0381.jp2"}, "382": {"fulltext": "368 BATTLES AND BIOGRAPHIES OE 3IISS0VRIANS.\\nwhich he mounted. As the troops rode toward\\ntown a Federal volley frightened his horse, which\\nran away and back in among the Federals. He\\nasked a Federal to place the rope in the horse s\\nmouth for him, and then he rode coolly away,\\nBefore reaching the square, he came across a Fed-\\neral cavalryman and took a bridle and saddle\\nfrom him.\\nIn the battle of Lone Jack he was captured,\\ntogether with two or three comrades who were\\ninstantly shot, a fate which Major Vivian escaped\\nby failure of a Federal pistol to fire and by the\\ntimely arrival of a Federal officer. He informed\\nhis captors that such treatment of Confederate\\nprisoners would soon be avenged, as Col. Coffee\\nwas momentarily expected to arrive with rein-\\nforcements. This was possibly the first intimation\\nthe Federals had as to whom they were fight-\\ning. The prisoner was ordered to headquarters\\nat double-quick, a pace he refused to go. At this\\nmoment a Kebel fusillade afforded him an oppor-\\ntunity to escape. He ran into the cornfield east\\nof where he had been fighting all the morning,\\nreceiving a bullet in the arm as he ran. He found\\na Federal horse running loose, which he mounted.\\nThis brought him into prominent view of the Fed-\\nerals. Amid a shower of bullets he escaped to his\\nfriends. After the battle. Colonel G. W. Thomp-\\nson ordered him to take command of Captain\\nGrooms company, as Grooms had been disabled\\nby a wound. He succeeded regularly in a short", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0382.jp2"}, "383": {"fulltext": "OTHER BIOGRAPHIES. 369\\ntime to the captaincy of Grooms company, a posi-\\ntion he held until he became major in Shanks\\nregiment At the battle of Lone Jack, Captain\\nGrooms company lost 42 out of 65, killed or se-\\nverely wounded.\\nAt the battle of Cane Hill the major was se-\\nverely wounded in the running fight of that day.\\nHe refused to dismount for fear of falling into the\\nhands of the Federals. He continued in the sad-\\ndle for two hours and then traveled all night in\\nan ambulance to Van Buren. His wound was not\\ndressed until next morning. The surgeon said he\\ncould not live. When the wounded who were able\\nto travel were ordered removed upon the approach\\nof the Federals, Major Vivian was considered un-\\nable to go. But he was determined not to fall\\ninto the enemy s hands. Against the advice of\\nhis surgeon, he was removed with the others to\\nthe hospital at Dardanelle. He was wounded\\nagain at the battle of Helena.\\nMajor Vivian was born in Howard County,\\nMissouri, but was reared partly in Saline County\\nand partly in Platte County. He came to Kansas\\nCity in 1857, whither he leturned after the war.\\nHe resided there until about 1872, when he was\\nmarried to Miss Lewtie Summers, after which he\\nlived in Clay County on his farm until a few years\\nago, when he again removed to Kansas City,\\nwhere he still lives.\\nHe lost a brother in the Confederate Army\\nPaul Vivian who was wounded in a skirmish at\\nGranby and died two weeks later at Springfield.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0383.jp2"}, "384": {"fulltext": "THE UNSUNG HERO.\\nOh, they sing of the brave\\nOn the foam-capped wave\\nAnd the deeds he did at sea,\\nWhen he fought with his might\\nIn a bold sea-fight\\nAnd vanquished the enemy.\\nAnd they sing the song\\nOf the soldier strong\\nAnd his prowess upon the land,\\nHow his sword he would wield\\nOn the battle-field.\\nIn quelling a rebel band.\\nBut the victory\\nOf the brave at sea.\\nWith his dauntless heart and bold,\\nAnd the war he waged\\nWhile the tempest raged\\nWas no greater than that untold.\\nOf the hero who fell\\nMid the rattling hell\\nOf shot and burning flame\\nWhose life went out\\nWith the battle-shout,\\nBut who left no sounding name.\\nBut the glories of war\\nFor the living are,\\nAnd not for the dead who fail!\\nWhat matter, though\\nBrave hearts lie low?\\nAll glory and praise and honor go\\nTo the living who tell the tale.\\nMrs. W. L. Webb.\\nI\\nI", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0384.jp2"}, "385": {"fulltext": "CAPT. A. A. LESUEUR\\n(See page 366.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0385.jp2"}, "386": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0386.jp2"}, "387": {"fulltext": "COL. \\\\V. F. CLOUD, 2d KANvSAS CAVALRY.\\n(See page M9.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0387.jp2"}, "388": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0388.jp2"}, "389": {"fulltext": "JOSHPII M. LOWE.\\n(See page 340.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0389.jp2"}, "390": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0390.jp2"}, "391": {"fulltext": "MAJOR CALKH WINFREY, M.D.\\n(See Pap e 28,)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0391.jp2"}, "392": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0392.jp2"}, "393": {"fulltext": "C.1;n. G. W. THOMPSON.\\n(See page C53.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0393.jp2"}, "394": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0394.jp2"}, "395": {"fulltext": "CAl T \\\\V. K. WILKIN-S, A.M., MD-\\n(See page 345", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0395.jp2"}, "396": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0396.jp2"}, "397": {"fulltext": "m^p^-\\nMAJOR H. J, VIVIAN.\\n(See page 367.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0397.jp2"}, "398": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0398.jp2"}, "399": {"fulltext": "CAPT. S. C. RAG AN,\\n(See page 367.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0399.jp2"}, "400": {"fulltext": "I\\nI", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0400.jp2"}, "401": {"fulltext": "COL. UPTON HAYS.\\n(See page 322.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0401.jp2"}, "402": {"fulltext": "i", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0402.jp2"}, "403": {"fulltext": "CAPT. HKNRY V. P. KABRICK.\\n(See page 334.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0403.jp2"}, "404": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0404.jp2"}, "405": {"fulltext": "CAPT. R. L. yeagf;r.\\nvSee page oSl.):", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0405.jp2"}, "406": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0406.jp2"}, "407": {"fulltext": "I\\nMAJOR B L. WOODSON.\\n(See page 333.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0407.jp2"}, "408": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0408.jp2"}, "409": {"fulltext": "w^-.\\nI^IKUT. HOPKINS HARUIN\\n(See page 337.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0409.jp2"}, "410": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0410.jp2"}, "411": {"fulltext": "SAM L H. CHIIvES.\\n(See page 358.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0411.jp2"}, "412": {"fulltext": "I", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0412.jp2"}, "413": {"fulltext": "COI,. JOHN N. SOUTHKKN.\\n(See page ot34.)", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0413.jp2"}, "414": {"fulltext": "I", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0414.jp2"}, "415": {"fulltext": "I\\nGEN. JOHN T. HUGHES.\\n(See page 348", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0415.jp2"}, "416": {"fulltext": "1", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0416.jp2"}, "417": {"fulltext": "COL. JOHN B. STONK.\\nSee page oAS.", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0417.jp2"}, "418": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0418.jp2"}, "419": {"fulltext": "COL. HI BIvKDSOH,\\n(See page 316", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0419.jp2"}, "420": {"fulltext": "r", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0420.jp2"}, "421": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0421.jp2"}, "422": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3624", "width": "2317", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0422.jp2"}, "423": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3588", "width": "2325", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0423.jp2"}, "424": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3763", "width": "2486", "jp2-path": "battlesbiographi00webb_0424.jp2"}}