{"1": {"fulltext": "bJ\\nlb/1\\n.K47 ^HBHI\\nBlip r", "height": "4680", "width": "3396", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS,\\nChap. __A^_ Copyright No...\\nUNITED STATES OF AMERICA.", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "COMFORT\\nAND EXERCISE\\nAn Essay Toward\\nNormal Conduct\\nBy MARY PERRY KING\\nV\u00c2\u00a3?\\nBoston\\nSmall, Maynard Company\\n1900", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "Copyright, iqoo\\nSmall, Maynard Company\\n(incorporated)\\n*i r o. Entered at Stationers* Hall HR 1\\nLibrary of Concrress\\nTwo Copi\\nNOV 14 1900\\nCopyright entry\\nSECOND COPY\\nDcilvofod to\\nORDER DIVISION\\nNOV 19 190U\\nUNIVERSITY PRESS JOHN WILSON\\nAND SON CAMBRIDGE, U.S.A.", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS\\nPage\\nI. Ox Comfort 3\\nII. Comfort in Daily Life 17\\nIII. Comfort in Education 37\\nIV. Comfort in Dress 55\\nV. Educational Exercise 77\\nVI. The Ideal Gymnasium 103", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "ON COMFORT", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "ON COMFORT\\nTHE world is never left long without some\\ndefinite prompting from the informing spirit\\nof beauty and truth which moulds it, without\\nsome fresh stir towards goodness and the libera-\\ntion of the soul.\\nWe are reminded once more of the supreme\\nimportance of the spiritual life by the writing of\\nthat young Mystic, M. Maurice Maeterlinck, in his\\nvolume of essays, The Treasure of the Humble/\\nWithout trenching at all on the vexed questions\\nof definite religious tenets, he is yet distinctly\\nreligious in tendency, since the whole gist of his\\nphilosophy is the constant importance of the\\nhuman soul. He is a son of the transcendent-\\nalists, of the children of wonder, and one of that\\nyounger school of artists who are drawing our\\nthoughts once more towards the consideration of\\nthe deeper problems of life.\\n3", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nWe are ever set thinking anew on the oldest\\nand most obstinate difficulty man has had to en-\\ncounter, how most easily and effectually to\\nrealize the finest spiritual life, how to give freest\\nplay to ideals and make them of telling impor-\\ntance in our world progress.\\nIn that hard task man early found himself\\nthe centre of opposing forces he had been en-\\ndowed with dire and imperious bodily needs and\\nwith equally strong and uncompromising spiritual\\naspirations.\\nHe felt the tension between the beautiful un-\\nmoral world of Nature from which he springs, on\\nwhich he rests, in which alone he has any being\\nat all, and the perfectly moral world of finest\\nspirit, towards which he strives and into which,\\nhe believes, his being is merged at death.\\nHe was confronted by the fundamental riddle\\nof existence which Emerson has expressed in\\nthe saying, God gives to every man the choice\\n4", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "ON COMFORT\\nbetween truth and repose; take which you\\nplease, you can never have both.\\nIn this dilemma, as he came dimly to recognize\\nit, man cast about for a path of escape.\\nHampered by the unrelenting demands of the\\ntangle of daily existence, thwarted and restricted\\nin the pursuit of a free spiritual development, his\\nmost obvious exit from embarrassment has often\\nseemed to lie in flight from worldly liabilities.\\nHe might disown all those instincts and im-\\npulses which make for conquest and which are\\nsatisfied only in overcoming opposition. He\\nmight entirely renounce the pomps and vanities\\nof this wicked world, and all the sinful lusts of\\nthe flesh; and so perhaps win for his spirit that\\nfreedom of action it desired, by shirking all\\nworldly and bodily obligations.\\nSuch a course was evidently a begging of the\\nquestion; it necessitated the forsaking of self-evi-\\ndent duties, and could only be justified through\\n5", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nvilifying those duties. It was a concession to\\nspiritual nature, indeed, but it was made at the\\nexpense of stultifying both the mental and physi-\\ncal natures, with which, after all, spirit must\\nshare existence at least in this vale of tears. In\\nthe last analysis such a process could only mean\\nannihilation.\\nWe are here, after all, in the coil of a mundane\\nenvironment, with pressing needs, desires, and ob-\\nligations and maltreat them as we may, this pa-\\ntient servant, the flesh, is not to be discharged, nor\\nduty to the world escaped, until the appointed time.\\nThreefold as we are in make-up, with a spir-\\nitual, mental, and physical nature, each more\\nor less clearly defined, each equally dependent on\\nthe other two, and with all three blended for the\\npresent in the individual, it would seem almost\\nself-evident that the deterioration of any one\\nnature must weaken the others, and disorder the\\neconomy and harmony of the whole.\\n6", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "ON COMFORT\\nThe very fact that we are thus triply endowed\\nfor this present existence should be a sufficient\\nguarantee of the equal excellence and importance\\nof each endowment.\\nThe old Roman phrase Mens sana in corpore\\nsano embodied a wise ideal and Browning has\\nexpressed the same fundamental truth in the\\nsoliloquy of Rabbi Ben Ezra, particularly in the\\nstanza,\\nLet us not always Bay,\\n4 Spite of this flesh to-day\\nI strove, made head, gained ground upon the whole J\\nAs the bird wings and sings,\\nLet us cry, All good things\\nAre ours, nor soul helps flesh more now, than flesh helps\\nsoul.\\nThat is the just reproof to an exaggerated asceti-\\ncism. It was an arrogance of soul which an-\\nciently led to the vilification of the world and\\nthe flesh, and it needed rebuke.", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nThe successful issue of any life is just as de-\\npendent upon bodily force and world-wisdom, as\\nupon spiritual quality; and the best scheme of\\nculture will neglect no one of these essential con-\\nstituents of human nature it will appreciate and\\neducate the physical powers, the faculties of mind,\\nand the subtle working of spirit, with equal pains,\\nequal reverence, and equal zeal.\\nThe aim of perfection which such a culture sets\\nitself can never be the cherishing of one phase of\\nour nature and the desertion of the other two;\\nit can never be an over development in one direc-\\ntion at the cost of an under development in an-\\nother it must always be rather the balanced\\nmaintenance and development of all three com-\\nponent forces, each in best condition and all at\\nperfect poise.\\nBut we are to-day in less danger from the fallacy\\nof extreme asceticism than from the opposite ex-\\ntreme of extravagance.\\n8", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "ON COMFORT\\nThe maintenance of any extravagance demands\\nexcessive strain which is not compensated by the\\nresult.\\nThe gratification derivable from extravagant ac-\\nquisition, possession, or expenditure is over-alloyed\\nwith weariness, boredom, and disappointment.\\nTrue luxury is attainable by moderate means,\\nand vanishes with excess.\\nHappiness is so delicate and evanescent a thing,\\nthat we are apt to miss it even at the moment of\\nattainment, if it comes to us hampered by any\\nunforeseen restrictions; for freedom constitutes a\\nlarge part of our happiness; and few things so\\ninevitably hamper freedom as the fever of exces-\\nsive acquisition.\\nIf it is plain that our enjoyment of freedom is\\ncomplicated and restricted by over acquisitive zeal,\\nit is no less evident that superfluous possessions are\\nbut debris of pleasure, and lavish expenditure, the\\ndebauchery of power. Power, pleasure, freedom,\\n9", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nthese largely make up the sum of our happi-\\nness j which on all sides may find itself limited\\nand defeated by a superabundance of the things\\non which we fancied it might depend.\\nHow then shall we adjust ourselves in order not\\nto miss the finest flavor of life\\nBy determining for ourselves the exact point at\\nwhich acquisition ceases to help our freedom by\\ntaking care that our possessions are not more than\\nwe can enjoy to the full and by guarding against\\nan expenditure beyond helpfulness.\\nSuch an ideal recognizes no general standard of\\nwealth, but a separate, relative standard for each\\nmember of society, according to his capacity for\\nutilizing it to its utmost. The measure of that\\nstandard, too, need not be fixed, but shifting in\\nevery case with the development of new capacity\\nfor usefulness. And there need be no danger to\\nthe man nor to society from glut of power, when\\nincrease of wealth implies the development of com-\\n10", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "ON COMFORT\\nmensurate helpfulness and happiness in its possessor;\\nhis increasing capacity for usefulness keeping pace\\nwith his acquisition of power and as he gains new\\nand higher standards of happiness, he will have\\nless and less tolerance of greedy acquisition or sel-\\nfish accumulation. Such an ideal of living is\\nnothing more nor less than legitimate comfort.\\nIf ascetic renunciation is a mal-adjustment of\\nthe individual to his environment, extravagance is\\nquite as truly a mal-adjustment of environment to\\nthe individual.\\nThe right adjustment between self and circum-\\nstance is the only real comfort the perfection of\\nthis adjustment is the only true luxury and sure\\nhappiness.\\nThis simple, normal scheme of conduct is perhaps\\nthe true democratic ideal, in that its standard of\\nsuccess, the measure of personal adjustment, is\\nuniversally applicable.\\nTo render such a course of conduct deduci-\\nll", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nble from existing social conditions, now so elabo-\\nrately burdensome, would necessitate, of course,\\ntheir radical simplification. And the immediate\\ncompensation would be a life enriched rather than\\nencumbered by living, relieved of external oppres-\\nsion, and freely and fully developing its inherent\\npowers.\\nNothing short of a personal poise, in which the\\nthree elemental forces of human nature have free\\nand equal play, no one being hindered by any un-\\njust development, can hopefully face this ideal of\\nnormal comfort: an ideal whose business it is to\\nencourage impulse, to educate instinct, to inspire\\naction, to develop our humanity.\\nThe natural development of any organism de-\\nmands the adequate exercise of all its powers and\\nfunctions, and a natural product is the only one\\nthat preserves the best qualities of its type.\\nHuman culture naturally demands equal re-\\nspect for life s physical root, mental branch, and\\n12", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "ON COMFORT\\nspiritual blossom, that the fruit may be not only\\nunimpaired, but improved.\\nThis modest ideal of comfort in culture and\\nconduct brings us face to face immediately with\\nthe most practical concerns. Its consistent appli-\\ncation demands standards of comfort in education,\\ncomfort in occupation, comfort in home life, com-\\nfort in social life, comfort in dress; its develop-\\nment promises universally attainable, legitimate\\nhuman happiness.\\n13", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "II\\nCOMFORT IN DAILY LIFE", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "II\\nCOMFORT IN DAILY LIFE\\nTHE problem of comfort in daily life resolves\\nitself into consideration of comfort in home\\nlife, comfort in occupation, and comfort in social\\nlife.\\nIn all these considerations the utmost comfort\\nis again but a matter of normal adjustment. It\\nconsists in so adapting means to ends as to derive\\nmaximum result from minimum effort.\\nTrue comfort, true luxury, true happiness de-\\npend not at all on the number of possessions, or\\nthe elaboration of conveniences, but rather on\\nthe ease with which we derive the greatest per-\\nsonal gratification from the simplest extraneous\\nconditions, and on the skill with which we adapt\\nconditions to our personal needs and preferences,\\nwith the least expenditure of energy and waste\\nin friction.\\n2 17", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nFirst of all, in home life we need constantly to\\nremind ourselves that the life is more than meat,\\nand the body than raiment.\\nIt is because we forget this that we allow our\\nreal life to be spoiled and spent in the wear and\\ntear of the mere machinery of living. We have\\nelaborated and complicated our material require-\\nments and our conventional obligations beyond\\nendurance, until our only hope of regaining a\\nsound basis for sane living lies in simplifying and\\nreadjusting our social standards. And these begin\\nand end in the home, however far beyond it their\\ninfluence may extend.\\nThe first wrong that confronts us in search for\\nthe shell of a home, the four walls within which\\nthe home is to be created, is the silly snobbery\\nwhich forbids persons of moderate means, yet of\\nthe best social standing, to live in any but expen-\\nsive localities.\\nThe less uneasy and better bred societies of the\\n18", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DAILY LIFE\\nOld World rarely mistake where one lives, for what\\none is. While we seem socially to care infinitely\\nless for personal character and attainments than\\nfor fashionable residence. That accident fre-\\nquently settles social status. No standard could\\nbe less worthy a twentieth century democracy.\\nBut it is part of youth s unfortunate faith in\\nshow, to be deluded by the glitter of material\\nprosperity.\\nA vicious system of land tenure has much to do\\nwith the difficulty of suitable housing in all of our\\nlarge cities, and imposes a tyrannous strain on\\nthe home seeker. But as this essay makes no\\npretension to touch on economic questions, we\\nmust leave that hardship out of consideration.\\nThe tyranny of a mistaken sentiment remains,\\nto be obeyed by the hopelessly conventional and\\novercome by the wisely independent.\\nIt may be noted here that the increasing cus-\\ntom of summering in the country affords opportu-\\n19", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nnity for the carrying out of practicable methods\\nof communistic living it enables people of con-\\ngenial tastes, with social rather than fashionable\\nambitions, yet with small means, to combine on a\\nrational basis of homekeeping, which far surpasses\\ncomplicated extravagance in the luxury of real\\ncomfort, with immunity from care.\\nBut, given the house, given the local habitation\\nand the name, how best secure that airy nothing-\\nness which constitutes the essence and atmosphere\\nof the home Mainly by carefully avoiding two\\nopposite extremes.\\nIn the first place, the house should never be so\\nelaborate as to overtax personal effort and hamper\\nthe personal freedom and growth of any of its\\ninmates. In the second place, it should always be\\nsufficiently comfortable and beautiful to furnish its\\noccupants daily recuperation and encouragement.\\nIt should be so simple, so economically adapted\\nto its inmates means, that its maintenance shall\\n20", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DAILY LIFE\\nalways seem their lightest care it must be so in-\\nteresting, so bountifully adapted to its inmates\\nneeds, that enjoyment of it shall always foster and\\nfurther their higher life, inviting their return to it\\ndaily for solace and inspiration, as well as for rest\\nand food.\\nHappiness derivable from a home depends upon\\nthe comfortable ease with which it is maintained,\\nmore than upon the luxury in which it is sup-\\nported. And this comfort is always relative and\\ncomparative, never an absolute standard. It im-\\nplies that a person with most modest means may\\nhave a more comfortable home than his more ex-\\ntravagant neighbor, whose house is relatively a\\ngreater strain on his resources, or otherwise less\\nwell adapted to the tastes and idiosyncrasies of its\\noccupants.\\nWithin a home so arranged and managed as to\\nyield the greatest comfort and inspiration with the\\nleast worry, the characters of its inmates may\\n21", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nbest learn to enjoy fair freedom of relationship\\nand growth.\\nOne of the prime requisites of happy living is\\ncomfort in occupation, something like a harmo-\\nnious adjustment between capability and work\\nand a great part of the complication of the vexed\\nsocial problem, though by no means the funda-\\nmental wrong, lies in the difficulty of adapting\\ncapacity to task, of getting the right worker in\\nthe right place. All the slovenly, grudging work\\nof the world is due not so much to the shiftless-\\nness of unregenerate nature, as to a rebellious\\nsense of outraged and baffled efficiency.\\nIt is true the pressure of struggle is so great,\\nthat few individuals have much choice of labor\\nthey are fortunate if they can find elbow room for\\nany kind of usefulness, and chance to spend a pre-\\ncious lifetime for the price of bread alone.\\nYet all our aspiration is not to escape toil, how-\\never much we may delude ourselves that this is\\n22", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DAILY LIFE\\nthe goal of happiness, but only to find the field of\\nactivity where some native energy of ours may\\nattain freedom in the accomplishment of its\\npurpose.\\nActivity, not inaction, is our native air achieve-\\nment, and not detachment, is our rest-house on the\\njourney.\\nOnce given fit opportunity, the door of lawful\\nambition, and how naturally every power springs\\ninto energy! We reach efficiency almost at a\\nbound, and growing exercise of congenial work\\ncalls forth and educates still other unguessed ap-\\ntitudes. We rejoice and grow apace, to the limit\\nof life, undaunted and efficient to the last, nor\\never know the tedium, the dejection, the dread of\\nfutility and sense of despair which attend the\\nhapless, misplaced toiler at every step of the\\nway.\\nAll this we know instinctively, and tacitly rec-\\nognize in every effort to adjust ourselves most\\n23", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ncomfortably to occupation yet it should be made\\nthe object of more deliberate care. The immedi-\\nate advantage, the conventional honor attaching\\nto one calling above another, deserves but small\\nconsideration from untried youthful energy.\\nThe real question is not, as we are prone to\\nthink, which trade, which profession, is most ad-\\nvantageous for advancement and profit? It is\\nrather, to what calling will one s talents most truly\\nanswer, what sphere will they most completely\\nfill? For in efficiency, in right adjustment be-\\ntween work and worker, and nowhere else, is\\nreal good fortune to be found.\\nBut the old false standards obtain, and one call-\\ning is held more honorable than another whereas\\nthe most honorable calling for any being is the\\none he is fitted to serve most efficiently. Our\\nwrong standard of wealth and our imperfect\\nstandard of education are emphasized and ag-\\ngravated by a false pride in occupation.\\n24", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DAILY LIFE\\nIn enforcing many laudable ambitions of democ-\\nracy, we have misconstrued some of the inevitable\\nlaws of nature, which is so calmly democratic in\\nseeming, so ruthlessly aristocratic in fact. While\\nemphasizing the essential equality of individuals,\\nwe have forgotten the essential equality of service.\\nIt is true that one man s service to the commu-\\nnity may be relatively of much greater importance\\nthan another s and in that sense one man may be\\nof vastly more importance than another. But in\\nthe finer ideal sense in which all men are equal,\\nall service is of equal value, so it be the best of its\\nkind. All service ranks the same with God, as\\nBrowning has it. And we might with infinite\\ngain revise our misleading notions of compara-\\ntive dignity of occupations, and make efficiency,\\nrather than worldly prominence, the test of\\nsuccess.\\nWe are hagridden by this false ideal of u suc-\\ncess in life, and to it alone most of our failures\\n25", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nare to be attributed. We wear ourselves out in a\\nfatuous attempt to reach some field of activity for\\nwhich perhaps we have not the least fitness, but\\nwhich stands high in fickle popular regard; and\\nin that unreasoning, fashionable regard, the more\\nenviable still are those who have no occupation\\nat all.\\nBefore just respect for occupation can become\\nuniversal, the disgrace of idleness must be gener-\\nally realized. Unfortunately we are growing away\\nfrom such a sentiment rather than toward it.\\nNot only should our popular code be revised so\\nas to include the socialistic tenet of universal em-\\nployment, a task for every man and every man at\\nhis task it should encourage occupation for every\\nwoman as well. And this need neither enlarge\\nnor restrict her sphere. She may or may not\\nbe married, she may or may not seek occupation\\noutside of the home, but a satisfying occupation\\nshe should have.\\n26", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DAILY LIFE\\nHalf of the well-appointed, well-cared-for women\\nin the world are perishing physically, mentally, and\\nmorally for want of something interesting to do,\\nand do well while the majority of successful busi-\\nness-men whose undertaking it is to provide them\\nwith the raw materials of living are taxed far be-\\nyond their strength. Congenially occupied women\\nwould need no foolish outlet for their energies,\\nin fruitless social competition, vain display, and\\nidle and mischievous wastefulness.\\nHowever exempt a woman may be from the\\nnecessity of occupation, she cannot be exempt\\nfrom the duty of labor. Her true dignity can\\nnever be impaired by rendering service, it can only\\nbe endangered by rendering service inadequately.\\nIt is impossible for the house servant to have\\nany respect for service that her mistress disdains.\\nThe sphere of the proper rearing of a child\\nwithin four walls of a tenement is a sphere large\\nenough for the greatest woman, if that be her\\n27", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ngenius. It is not the width of a sphere that\\ncounts, it is its height and depth.\\nOn the other hand, no region of activity need\\nbe denied to women which they can occupy in\\ncommon with men, to the advantage of society.\\nThe point, however, which now needs to be em-\\nphasized above all others, in the consideration of\\noccupation for woman, is the equal dignity of all\\nwork. A practical application of this truth would\\nsave an embarrassing situation for many women\\nwho are forced to seek employment, and are pre-\\nvented, by a foolish conventional estimate of differ-\\nent callings, from placing their service where it is\\nmost needed and would be most effectual.\\nWhatever may fall within the domain of woman\\nto accomplish in the future, there is one thing to\\nbe recognized in her immediate and hereditary\\ncapability namely, that hers is pre-eminently the\\ngenius of adaptation. In the art of arts, the art\\nof adjustment, she is supreme. While in the region\\n28", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DAILY LIFE\\nof creative impulse and in the region of executive\\nmanipulation she has always held, and will proba-\\nbly long continue to hold, a place second to man s,\\nin the region of adaptation she is unrivalled. Al-\\nthough she neither greatly originates nor controls\\nforces, she most skilfully modifies and utilizes\\nthem.\\nThe fine arts themselves, in which women are\\never outranked by men, are of little value until\\nthey have been utilized and adapted to daily life\\nthe practical affairs of the world, the production\\nand aggregation of wealth, in which men are so\\nmuch more efficient than most women, are of little\\nvalue until they have been adjusted to daily use\\nand in this dominion of spiritual utility, in this\\npower of deriving actual life and helpfulness from\\nthe mere physical and mental elements of life pro-\\nvided for her, woman is in her region of natural\\ngreatness.\\nFailing to recognize this truth, much of her force\\n29", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nis spent in vain too much of her energy is wasted\\nin attempts against natural economy. If woman\\nwould unflinchingly claim the equal dignity of all\\nwork and the full value of her peculiar powers, her\\ndifficult problem would be half solved. She need\\nnot aspire to mediocre china-painting and music-\\nteaching, if she were once assured that right dress-\\nmaking and right cooking are more honorable and\\nmuch more needed she would not waste her vital-\\nity in effort to become a second-rate lawyer, when\\nshe might easily become a first-rate housekeeper.\\nShe would hesitate to spend herself in a wasteful\\ncompetition with man for the grosser elements of\\nlife, whenever it was possible for her so to supple-\\nment his endeavors as to utilize what he can better\\nproduce.\\nIt is only in utilization of man s work that\\nwomen are indispensable; their attempts to par-\\nticipate in its production must always be strained\\nand unsatisfying, while without their final adapta-\\n30", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DAILY LIFE\\ntion of the product of his energy, man s work must\\nalways prove incomplete and unsatisfactory.\\nThere will doubtless always be some women\\nconstitutionally better fitted to do man s work than\\nto do their own, just as there are always a few\\nmen with the instincts and tastes of woman and\\nthe capacity to do her work. These are excep-\\ntions to their kind, however and the freest oppor-\\ntunity should, undoubtedly, be afforded them for\\nplacing their individual energies to their most\\nadvantageous use.\\nThe recognition of woman s need for occupation,\\nof the equal dignity of all occupations, and of the\\ninevitable differentiation of function between men\\nand women, would be radically helpful to all legiti-\\nmate members of society, to all workers.\\nAs home life touches the field of occupation on\\none side, its interests spread out into social life on\\nthe other; and in that realm, too, comfort will\\ndepend upon adjustment.\\n31", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nThe amount of social life we can really enjoy\\nmust be regulated by our strength it should not\\nbe so great as to lessen our personal efficiency, nor\\nso limited as to impoverish our growth and restrict\\nour influence. Certainly we should do with as\\nfew artificial social obligations as possible, in\\norder that intercourse may gain in the sincerity\\nand simplicity of true courtesy. Our unwritten\\nlaw of visiting, for instance, might well be revised,\\nfor the ordinary duty call is but a travesty of\\nsociability and costs much friction and waste. And\\nrandom entertaining, too, is quite as pernicious,\\nin that it wastes our energy and dissipates our\\nenthusiasm. Like the duty call, it is no real cour-\\ntesy, and rarely deludes the recipient.\\nThe legitimate privilege of social life is to\\nenhance personality, while the pernicious tendency\\nof social fashion is to dissipate it.\\nBut the wise soul will seek adjustment to life by\\nthe gentlest means, maintaining a fair composure\\n32", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DAILY LIFE\\neven in the face of exasperating circumstance, dull\\nconventionality, and censorious cant, feeling sure\\nthat reform is too dearly purchased at the expense\\nof personal poise.\\n33", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "Ill\\nCOMFORT IN EDUCATION", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "Ill\\nCOMFORT IN EDUCATION\\nIF we may say that comfortable living depends\\nupon the right adjustment between ourselves\\nand our circumstances, if such harmonious relation\\nis the fundamental condition in which happiness\\nlargely resides, then certainly our training for life\\nmay very well have for its ideal a normal growth,\\nso balanced as to result in the most perfect per-\\nsonal poise, so directed as to result in the most\\nperfect efficiency.\\nThe true end of culture is not reached when it\\nhas given us merely a healthy body well nurtured\\nand developed, or a sound mind broadened and\\nenriched with various learning, or a glad, well-\\nintentioned spirit. Its object is only attained\\nwhen it has so correlated all these forces as to\\nproduce in them the habit of perfect and prompt\\nco-ordination.\\n37", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nNothing short of this balance of development\\ncan secure for us poise of character and a happy\\nadjustment to life, or result in anything but dis-\\ncomfort, mal-development, and limited efficiency.\\nPerfection of culture can never be reached\\nthrough intellectual acquirement alone, through\\nspiritual achievement alone, any more than it can\\nthrough physical training alone. It cannot be\\nreached by any two of these ways, nor even by a\\nhaphazard pursuit in all three directions. It must\\nbe attained through harmonious adjustment of all\\nthree forces allowing them to interplay and react\\nnaturally, freely, and fully according to their nor-\\nmal interdependence each one cultivated with\\nregard to the others, and the culture of each\\nrounded and refined in turn by the culture of the\\nrest.\\nFurthermore, this difficult task can never be\\nachieved by the acquisition of knowledge, the\\nacquisition of insight, the acquisition of strength\\n38", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN EDUCATION\\nalone, but only when the character which has\\nacquired them is happily occupied in making use\\nof its increase of power.\\nThe highest, completest culture, in other words,\\ncan never bring happiness to its possessor until it\\nis confronted with real life and given the opportu-\\nnity of action, until it is put to the test in actual\\nconcerns of cause and effect not otherwise will it\\nreveal to one the pleasure of a lawful and effectual\\npower, unthwarted of its purpose and accomplish-\\ning its proper destiny.\\nThis is a reason why many college men, having\\nattained a degree of intricate culture, and then be-\\ning forced by chance necessity into some very gross\\nor humdrum occupation, where their special train-\\ning has no play, fall into discontent, dejection, and\\ndefeat. Their culture was well enough in itself,\\nbut it lacked the adjustability to circumstance, so\\nneedful for happiness.\\nOn the other hand, with what relish and zest\\n39", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nthe man who is engaged to the top of his bent will\\ngo about his business his every faculty is occu-\\npied and stimulated he can touch the sphere of\\nhis own life at every point; his culture was nei-\\nther too great nor too small he is in happy ad-\\njustment with his surroundings.\\nJust here one must note that the plea for uni-\\nversal education rests on the fact that increased\\npower or augmented capacity will inevitably seek\\nenlarged spheres of usefulness or create them for\\nthemselves. But how, in the laborious process of\\neducation, can we justify to the spirit such unre-\\nmitting toil?\\nHappiness, we know, is the touchstone of cul-\\nture. And only in activity does the fully cul-\\ntivated character find happiness. Indeed, so\\nnecessary a thing is activity, so welcome a part\\nof our human birthright, that the moment we\\nfind a congenial occupation, some calling in which\\nour powers may reach their utmost effect, that\\n40", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN EDUCATION\\nmoment for us laziness vanishes and idleness is\\nunknown.\\nBut what essential quality is there in active life\\nwhich affords such satisfaction How is it that\\nthe spirit seems to find there its natural element\\nIs it not that all activity is expressive; that in\\nthe varied activity of life the human character is\\ngiven room and opportunity for self-expression\\nIf this be so, then expression is the missing link\\nbetween culture and life, between the dead letter\\nand the living spirit; whereupon it follows that\\neducation in expression is a most essential element\\nof the most useful culture.\\nWe make constant boast of the liberal education\\noffered our children. But what is a liberal educa-\\ntion Is it not an education which liberates the\\nspirit, setting the soul free from the awkwardness\\nof insufficiency and the embarrassment of depen-\\ndence, which gives it freedom of itself and freedom\\ntoward others And how, pray, is the soul to be\\n41", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nfreed from the awkward insufficiency of self, un-\\nless through the avenue between the domain of\\nself and others which expression provides? Or\\nhow, again, is the soul to be free from embarrass-\\ning dependence upon others, unless through expres-\\nsion s power over others\\nThis fundamental need of freedom is at the root\\nof universal hunger for expression. And the rudi-\\nments of a liberal education have not been vouch-\\nsafed to us until we have been helped to the\\nfreedom and power of adequate self-expression in\\nsome direction, or in as many directions as may\\nbe. Only a scheme of education which provides\\nfor this necessity can rightly be called liberal.\\nThis principle is recognized in the best kinder-\\ngarten education, but in our primary, secondary,\\nand collegiate courses it is almost entirely disre-\\ngarded. It would seem self-evident that the arts\\nof reading, writing, and talking are the rudiments of\\ncommon education, and yet as arts they are rarely\\n42", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN EDUCATION\\ntaught at all. Many a college graduate is per-\\nfectly incapable of writing a lucid, forceful, grace-\\nful letter, of reading aloud effectively the simplest\\nnewspaper article, or of talking easily, convinc-\\ningly, and pleasingly on the most familiar\\ntopic.\\nWe neglect the power of culture to be derived\\nfrom good talking, good writing, and good read-\\ning although the practice of them as arts is a\\nliberal education in itself. How often we see a\\nmind stored with abstruse learning, yet absolutely\\nhelpless, awkward, and ineffectual through lack of\\nany power of expression whereby to fitly relate\\nitself to the actual world How often we find\\npersons who have given their best years to the\\nlaborious acquisition of knowledge, and yet after\\nall are graceless, cantankerous, and unpleasant\\npersonalities to meet. Their culture is imperfect,\\nwide and accurate though it may be, in that it\\nhas never been normally related to conduct, action,\\n43", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nexpression, to humanity; it has never been tem-\\npered and attuned by living use.\\nWe confer on students degrees as Masters and\\nBachelors of Arts, when in reality there is not a\\nsingle art of which they have mastered the rudi-\\nments. The so-called arts courses in our colleges\\nare in fact science courses the study of languages,\\nof literature, of philosophy, even of the Fine Arts\\nthemselves, is always a scientific study of those\\nsubjects. The utmost erudition in art is still only\\nscientific knowledge. It is only in the practice of\\nany art that we can realize its power or partake\\nof its influence for culture.\\nThis matter of education in expression is vitally\\nimportant. It is the one thing needed to sanction\\nculture, to justify its importance in human affairs.\\nYet we scoff at the teaching of expression, and\\nidolize knowledge for its own sake in spite of the\\nevident fact that the accumulation of unutilized\\nknowledge is as dead a weight to the world and to\\n44", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN EDUCATION\\nthe individual as the accumulation of unutilized\\nwealth. A load of scholarship is but an encum-\\nbrance to the unexpressive, inactive spirit it is\\na mal-adjustment more uncomfortable than igno-\\nrance it cannot even afford happiness to its pos-\\nsessor, since it is not utilized to increase his power\\nnor his freedom.\\nIt is often contended, and rightly contended,\\nthat special industrial training is not an essential\\npart of a liberal education; that a university s\\nbusiness is to form character, rather than to fit\\nfor any particular calling. But ideal character-\\nbuilding should include power of adaptability as\\none of the chief factors in equipment for life,\\nand such adaptability is best developed by edu-\\ncating expression.\\nIt is true that a knowledge of modern literature\\nwill exert a more liberating and humanizing influ-\\nence on the mind than a knowledge of agriculture\\nit is true that the study of the natural sciences is\\n45", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\na more valuable means of culture than the study\\nof engineering. But the study of engineering or\\nof agriculture will have this great advantage over\\nits rivals, that it not only enriches the mind by its\\nown presence, but also liberates and humanizes the\\ncharacter by affording it a more immediate out-\\nlet in affairs, in utility.\\nThe real value of practical studies, as they are\\ncalled, does not rest (where popular judgment\\nwould place it) in their more immediate commer-\\ncial advantage it rests in the more ready outlet\\nthey afford the character for making its energy\\neffective through action.\\nWhile industrial and professional schools have\\nthe application of their learning constantly in\\nview, a general university course has in view no\\nimmediate application of its knowledge whatever.\\nSuch application and point it might furnish through\\nthe teaching of expression.\\nThe zest and savor of effort are relished only\\n46", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN EDUCATION\\nwhen we taste the fruit of achievement. This is\\nthe law of toil, the sanction under which the work\\nof the world is performed. Why not, then, make\\nit the law of education as well Why not couple\\nwith every educational task its natural incen-\\ntive Should not every new acquisition of power,\\nwhether of knowledge, of instinct, or of skill, be\\nquickly tempered by its use? Should not the\\nstudent be granted the rightful stimulus of elation\\nin his growth, which would come to him from\\nday to day in realizing through expression the\\npower of his acquirements?\\nOur education should give us as keen pleasure at\\nevery step as our after life can possibly afford, in\\norder that, having found continual enjoyment in\\nthe daily development of body, mind, and spirit,\\nand their effective adjustment to affairs, we should\\ninsensibly come to identify happiness with work\\nand growth we should cease to fancy that happi-\\nness is to be found in indolence and inactivity.\\n47", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nOnce imbued with an ideal of culture which\\nseeks perfection, not in distant attainment, but in\\npresent personal poise and progress, we should no\\nlonger think of life as a toilsome journey; we\\nshould find ourselves every morning at the gates\\nof Paradise, already in the very air of eternity.\\nCulture of expression does not consist in a\\nsmattering of elocution, perfunctory imitation of\\ngesture, or desultory dramatic training, nor in any\\nmerely physical gymnastic system, nor in foolish\\nexcesses of relaxation and abandon at the expense\\nof vigor and reserve. It is the affectation of\\nthese things by the charlatan and the ignorant\\nthat brings the study of expression into disrepute.\\nReal culture of expression must be based on\\nserious philosophy. It includes a knowledge of\\nthe fundamental science of expression common to\\nall the arts of which expression is the source, a\\nsubject of investigation whose very existence is\\nscarcely recognized. It begins by providing con-\\n48", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN EDUCATION\\nsistent training in the elementary arts of motion,\\nreading, writing, and talking and from these as\\na foundation it should proceed, as required, to\\nspecial training in one or more of the arts, accord-\\ning to a student s natural bent and capability.\\nIts good will be at least twofold. It will be in\\nitself a liberalizing, humanizing education, and it\\nwill at every step naturalize, facilitate, and glad-\\nden the too tedious acquisition of other knowledge\\nby giving it some immediate hold on actuality,\\nsome positive relation and concern with the econ-\\nomy and joy of living.\\nWith such a stimulant, knowledge may be as\\neasily and completely assimilated by the character\\nas laborious exercise is utilized by the physical\\norganism. A genuine arts course may become as\\npleasant and popular as racing or football. Ex-\\npression, moreover, is a self revelation. We only\\nbegin to know ourselves, our needs and powers, as\\nwe begin to call these into play through cultivating\\n4 49", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ntheir expression. In expression the character s\\npoverty or strength stands revealed. Brought into\\ntruer contact with others by means of perfected\\nexpression, personality will be the more readily\\ninspired to endeavor, to excellence, and to the\\nfullest enjoyment of its faculties. Education in\\nexpression, from the most practical point of view,\\nwould make this great advance upon our present\\nsystem, that whereas we now tend to severe uni-\\nformity of training, we should thereby provide\\ngreater differentiation of equipment. We should\\nnot send forth hundreds of differing students cast\\nin a single mould, to find their places in a complex\\ncivilization, where scarcely two positions of useful-\\nness have the same requirements.\\nBy recognizing the multifarious differences in\\nstudents and by cultivating a habit of adaptability,\\nwe should be fitting men and women to adjust\\nthemselves more readily and comfortably to the\\ncomplexity of life awaiting them. Instead of de-\\n\u00c2\u00a70", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN EDUCATION\\npressing genius to the level of talent, and neutral-\\nizing talent to the rank of average intelligence, we\\nshould be stimulating average ability to the rank\\nof talent, and raising talent to the level of genius.\\nOne of the most elemental and undeniable de-\\nmands of each solitary soul is the desire for ex-\\npression. Our arts, our cities, our dress, our speech,\\nour motion, our life from minute to minute, our\\ncivilization from age to age, are all varied forms in\\nwhich human spirit is expressing itself. Our sole\\nsatisfaction in living is to find vent and scope for\\nour aspirations and to embody them in expression.\\nIt is often said that the keenest pleasure in the\\nworld is that of the artist who freely expresses\\nhimself, and almost perfectly realizes his ideal, in\\nhis own creations. But the satisfaction of the\\nblacksmith or the farmer, the seamstress or the\\ncook, be they worthy of their hire, is of the same\\nsort, and may be just as keen. It is the lawful\\ncomplete enjoyment of a being in the natural ex-\\n51", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nercise of its functions. Its imperative craving for\\nactivity has been satisfied it has been given op-\\nportunity for fit and adequate expression. None\\nof us can ask for more, and no truly liberal educa-\\ntion can give less.\\n52", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "IV\\nCOMFORT IN DRESS", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "IV\\nCOMFORT IN DRESS\\nWHEN we consider the intimate dependence\\nof personal comfort, pleasure, and beauty\\nupon clothing, and realize the hindrance that cloth-\\ning has become, its obstruction to bodily grace,\\nand the excessive care it necessitates, we must\\nagree that it is at best only a greater or less\\npersonal handicap.\\nBut since the conditions demanding clothing\\nare unavoidable, it becomes wisdom to adjust our-\\nselves to its necessities by minimizing, so far as\\npracticable, our modern clothing s many disad-\\nvantages. It is but reasonable to permit to the\\nperson and the personality their greatest freedom\\nand efficiency by discomforting them as little as\\nmay be with the shackles of dress.\\nSuch emancipation is best accomplished by first\\nminimizing as far as possible the actual amount\\n55", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nand weight and restriction of clothing secondly,\\nby choosing such clothing as best harmonizes with\\nits surroundings thirdly, by clothing s best ex-\\npression of harmony between its wearer and\\nenvironment.\\nThe first of these considerations, the regulation\\nof the amount, weight, and restriction of clothing\\naccording to the requirements of climate, personal\\nphysique, and health, so as to secure the most per-\\nfect hygienic conditions, constitutes the science of\\ndress.\\nThe second consideration, the selection of cloth-\\ning to fit its environment, the suitability of cloth-\\ning to the occupation, to the occasion, constitutes\\nthe philosophy of dress.\\nWhile the third consideration, the adjustment of\\nclothing to best express the wearer in relation to\\nhis or her immediate surroundings, constitutes the\\nart of dress.\\nIt must be remembered that these three divisions\\n56", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DRESS\\nof the subject are not hard and fast, but merely\\nconvenient; as in most other classifications, the\\nscience, philosophy, and art of the subject are\\nclosely interrelated and interdependent.\\nA just consideration of the science of clothing\\nleads one to minimize its weight, amount, and\\nrestriction, in order that the comfort, freedom, and\\nactivity of the wearer may be augmented to the\\nutmost, by lessening its complication, by secur-\\ning necessary warmth and protection from lightest\\nmaterials, by facilitating cleanliness, by avoiding\\noverheating and overburdening, by imposing the\\nleast -artificial obstruction to the free play of the\\nfunctions. The body may be thus enabled to act\\nreadily and most efficiently in every emergency;\\nit may possess its normal health and strength by\\ninstinctive, easy exercise, and its greatest beauty of\\nunimpeded motion through unimpaired mobility.\\nOur present modish dress with its inflexible and\\nill-adapted forms is prohibitive of natural beauty,\\n57", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nin that it makes motional grace well nigh impos-\\nsible; it is a menace to health in its prevention\\nof such natural, timely exercise as the body should\\nsecure from our necessary and incidental activity\\nit is a serious obstruction to the most competent\\neffort. In all of these respects the dress of men\\nis less criminal than the dress of women, though it\\nleaves a great deal to be desired.\\nA most discouraging fact is, that the more\\nattention we give to dress, the more elaborately\\nuncomfortable it becomes; instead of progressing\\ntoward health and freedom and beauty, with in-\\ncrease of expense in dress, we chiefly multiply its\\nweight and complexity and unnaturalness. Our\\ndress becomes more and more an artificial, or, if\\nyou will, an artistic, creation in itself, with less\\nand less relation to the human being, and little or\\nno special relation to the individual wearer.\\nThis is as disastrous to true beauty as to health\\nand utility. For consider in what greatest beauty\\n58", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DRESS\\nconsists; is it not very largely in the charm of\\ngrace? We frequently find a face and figure,\\nfaultless in color and mould, yet unattractive from\\nlack of spontaneity, mobility, grace. On the other\\nhand, a much plainer person often has a surprising\\ncharm of personality and the explanation may be\\nfound in the possession of an open mind, a gentle\\nspirit, and a responsive body freely co-ordinating\\nin expression.\\nIt is not perfection of form and color alone that\\nconstitute the greatest human beauty it requires\\nbeauty of motion as well. And this element of\\nbeauty, this harmony of motion (the quality of\\ngrace), which has such power of charm, our present\\nmode of dress entirely disregards.\\nDress based on sound scientific principles of\\nclothing, on the contrary, would be as careful to\\nsecure the possibility of the power of beautiful\\nmotion, as to secure the possibility of health and\\nefficiency through unrestricted muscular freedom.\\n59", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nThe need of a scientific readjustment of clothing\\nis shown by our unwarranted fatigue from simply\\nwearing our clothing, by our unnatural dislike\\nof exertion, and the inconvenience of necessary\\nexercise. It is largely the tyrannous oppressions\\nof our dress that makes us the angular and awk-\\nward, flabby and weak, or stiff and wooden per-\\nversions of humanity we have become.\\nAt best we are likely to be over-developed in\\nsome directions and under-developed in others.\\nImpaired development, imperfect co-ordination, and\\nspiritual deterioration are the grievous penalties we\\nare paying for unnatural crimes in dress. The\\nneed of ready adjustment of clothing in point of\\nquantity and complication is shown by the ex-\\ncessive demand it makes upon our resources and\\nour time. Merely to procure and maintain the\\nvariety of clothing that conventionality prescribes,\\nentails an unwarranted degree of effort. So cum-\\nbrous and unaccommodating have our clothes\\n60", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DRESS\\nbecome, that such motional beauty as we retain\\nis obscured.\\nThe loveliness of natural vigor and grace in\\nthe human form and in human motion is vanish-\\ning from the world under the impositions of dress\\nand the utmost artificial beauty of dress itself can\\nnot replace them. We have countenanced the\\ndevelopment and inflictions of dress as a creative\\nart entirely apart from human requirement. In-\\nstead of keeping it to its imperative need of adap-\\ntation, instead of artistically relating it to the best\\nuses of the human being, we have vainly fancied\\nthat we could be most beautiful through beauty of\\na costume adapted only to a lay figure or a show-\\ncase. We have forgotten that the art of costume\\nhas, primarily, obligations of human service not\\nthe freedom of studies in still-life.\\nThe modern lady s shoe, for example, with its\\nhigh heel and pointed toe, considered objectively,\\nmerely as a piece of bric-a-brac, is more shapely\\n61", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nand more pleasing, perhaps, than an equally well-\\nmade common-sense shoe, broad in the toe, heel-\\nless, and flat of sole. But when we compare\\nthem as foot-gear and imagine them in use,\\none permitting the beautiful exercise of a natural\\nmember, the other cramping and distorting it,\\nwe shall not feel so tolerant of our conventional\\npreference.\\nIn judging of beauty we must not be deceived\\nby the superficial approval of the eye. And the\\ndanger of this fallacy is evident in much apparel,\\nwhich may be comely in itself, but is little short\\nof ridiculous in its relation to human or individual\\nrequirement.\\nThis matter of scientific dress is of fundamental\\nimportance, because of its inevitable influence on\\nphysical freedom and culture, and the no less\\ninevitable influence of physical conditions on the\\nmental and spiritual life. The warped and un-\\nintelligent characters of many men and women,\\n62", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DRESS\\nmuch of the inhumane pettiness, bigotry, and spite,\\nare due quite as much to the incessant and tyran-\\nnous irritation of clothes, as to any inherited\\ndepravity.\\nHour after hour, day after day, year after year\\nwe bear the stupid burden of an elaborately un-\\ncomfortable and unbeautiful system of dress. We\\npermit ourselves to be hampered at every turn,\\nlimited in every natural expression, handicapped,\\ngalled, and jaded. Is it any wonder that spirits\\nare distempered, minds befogged, and sense of\\nfair play radically perverted We can no more\\nhave a free and wholesome character in a\\nshackled, devitalized body, than we can gather\\nfigs of thistles.\\nIf every woman could stand flat on her feet,\\nwith her toes apart and her diaphragm free, there\\nwould be more gratitude and fewer murders in\\nthe world.\\nHaving thought of dress in a more or less scien-\\n63", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ntific way, as it should be regulated by climatic\\nand hygienic requirements, we may consider it\\nfrom another point of view, the relation it bears\\nto the demands of environment. This is the phi-\\nlosophy of dress, if one may say so and, presup-\\nposing an adequate regard of climatic hygienic\\nrequirements, it further considers the demands of\\nthe occupation in which we are to engage, the\\noccasion in which we are to participate, the\\natmosphere in which we are to mingle.\\nThe comfortable adjustment of dress to the\\ndemands of occupation would ensure the more\\neasy and efficient execution of work.\\nWomen engaged in office, in shop, or in any\\npersonal stress or strain cannot follow the stand-\\nards of the fashion plates, without endangering\\ntheir health and belittling their capacity. Such\\nmodification of their clothing, on the other hand,\\nas would permit them the maximum comfort\\nand freedom at their work, would prove a double\\n64", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DRESS\\neconomy, lessening their expenditure and in-\\ncreasing their capability.\\nA proper adjustment of dress to the spirit of an\\noccasion may have a like economic advantage, and\\nmay afford generous democratic standards.\\nThe vogue of bicycling is having a good influ-\\nence on our ideas of clothing not that we have\\nevolved the most suitable costume for that exer-\\ncise, but because it has compelled us to recognize\\nthe wisdom of adapting dress to occasion. In a\\ngathering of bicyclists, the best-dressed rider would\\nwear the most comfortable and suitable costume,\\nnot the most elaborate and expensive garments.\\nAnd so, for every other occasional requirement,\\nwe should heed the conditions of time, and place,\\nand function, more than the conventional stand-\\nards of capricious fashion.\\nNot dress for the sake of dress, but for the sake\\nof beauty, is the axiom of good dressing and per-\\nfect beauty never disregards fitness. If we dressed\\n5 65", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nwith more regard to occasion, and less to fashion,\\nwe should not only be better dressed we should\\nbe richer in time, and peace, and money, as well\\nas in beauty.\\nUnsuitable extravagance in standards of cloth-\\ning causes more unhappiness and defeat than any\\nother social excess. The remedy here is not to\\nneglect dress, not to cheapen nor sacrifice its\\nimportance, but to ensure its beauty through com-\\nfort and convenience. Its happiest artistic success\\ncan be furthered in no other way, for beauty is the\\nperfect economy of adaptation.\\nMood knows no more potent influence control-\\nlable by ourselves than dress. And recognition of\\nthis power is a hint sufficient for the remedy of\\nmany an unhappy hour. ^Esthetic sensibilities\\ndeserve to be aided and encouraged, and the sense\\nof harmony procurable from well-adapted clothing\\nis a powerful reagent toward personal poise.\\nLet us now suppose that dress has been arranged\\n66", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DRESS\\nwith every needful attention to hygienic and cli-\\nmatic requirements, for our utmost personal com-\\nfort and bodily freedom and grace; that it has\\nalso been selected with due regard for the use to\\nwhich it is to be put, the purpose it is to serve,\\nthe occasion it is to grace, and the company it is\\nto keep there still remains its infinite variety of\\ntexture, design, color, form, and ornament to be\\nadjusted. There remains the whole aspect of the\\nproblem which has to do with individual preference\\nas modified by good taste, the consideration of\\nclothing as personal, human expression. This is\\nthe art of dress.\\nThe first law of the art of dress enjoins a har-\\nmony between wearer and environment; it re-\\nstrains the vagaries of selfish caprice, not by the\\nrule of a meaningless fashion, but by the generous\\nlaw of beauty which requires the unit to be subser-\\nvient to the whole.\\nGood dress shuns the vulgar rivalries of personal\\n67", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ndisplay; it permits the wearer every liberty of\\ntaste consistent with that gentility which is never\\nforgetful of others. It is fundamentally expressive\\nof the individual but it is no less fundamentally\\ncareful of the objective requirements it is designed\\nto fulfil. And yet in the present lamentable divorce\\nof the practice of fashion from the principles of art,\\ngood dressing demands some courage.\\nConventional costumes of fashion being so bad\\nand so popular, the simplest dress that can be\\ncreated on sound scientific and artistic principles\\nmust be more or less conspicuous. And being con-\\nspicuous is no desirable part of dressing well. So\\nthat the would-be devotee of good dress is in a\\ndilemma between conformity to false standards, on\\nthe one hand, and oddity for the sake of truth, on\\nthe other. But this is no greater hardship than\\nconfronts other artists for in art it is impossible\\nto be right and to be slavishly conventional at the\\nsame time.\\n68", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DRESS\\nYet there is always an escape in compromise\\nfor the timid who are yet not hopelessly lost. If\\nthey cannot brave the criticism of heelless sjxoes,\\nperhaps they may have strength of mind for clean\\nskirts if they are not equal to this heroism, per-\\nhaps they may have the courage to refrain from\\nridiculing those who are.\\nWhen the meaningless uniformity and variety of\\nfashion give place to a significant uniformity and\\nvariety, controlled by climate, occupation, and\\nsocial utility, the art of dress will be as free to\\nreach perfection of charm and helpfulness as the\\narts of music, painting, and sculpture and thus it\\nmay become quite as dignified and honorable.\\nIt will no longer be left to the ignorant control\\nof uncultivated manufacturers and operatives; it\\nwill not follow blindly the mode of any alien city\\nit will cease to be merely a trade, as it now is, and\\nwill become one of the fine arts, native, character-\\nistic, and genuine.\\n69", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nUnder such conditions the demand for better\\ndress by people of consistent culture would war-\\nrant and necessitate a supply by people of equal\\nintelligence and education. This would open a\\nnew and fertile field of dignified industrial art to\\nthousands of cultivated workers.\\nThere is no lack of specialized clothing in the\\nmarket, no lack of clothes, beautiful in themselves,\\nwell suited to many conditions, occupations, and\\noccasions but the idea of so adapting dress as to\\nmake it expressive of personality, to make it a truly\\ninterpretative art, finds few exponents. Decora-\\ntive art in clothing has run so far to artificiality\\nas to have lost all trace of its original purpose\\nand it has been allowed to so far artificialize\\nhumanity itself, that normal, natural form and\\nmotion, with their instincts and influences for\\nbeauty, are almost obsolete.\\nNo decoration of the human figure can compen-\\nsate for its loss of the most interesting beauty of\\n70", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DRESS\\nmotion. No substitution of stiffly conventional,\\nartificial shape can compensate for the loss of\\nmobile beauty.\\nA complex, successive motion of the freely act-\\ning human body is more beautiful than any\\nrestricted, specialized motion which unnatural\\nclothing compels. Motion is living beauty, and\\nperfection of form is potential grace.\\nThe beautiful woman must keep her beauty\\nalive she must give it reinforcement of life in\\ngraceful motion, if she would transmit it to her\\ndescendants. If she allows it to fossilize, if she\\nguards it with too much inactivity, it is already\\ndeteriorating. The woman who has beauty of\\nmotion, with much less beauty of form, lives nearer\\nto the springs of life she is closer to the fountain\\nhead of all beauty, and her children may inherit\\nthe beauty of form toward which all her beautiful\\nmotion was ever tending.\\nIt is evident, then, that dress, which so closely\\n71", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ninfluences our every movement, is of more serious\\nand vital interest than is casually supposed. It\\ndeserves our best care from far higher motives\\nthan vanity. Whether we will or not, every color\\nwe adopt, every garment we don, reveals ourselves\\nand influences our neighbor.\\nAs the clothing covers the person, so the person\\nveils the personality, and the personality in turn\\nguards the inmost character. From character, per-\\nsonality, and body, through clothing, expression is\\ninevitably transmitted. And if we are responsible\\nfor the good conduct, influence, and effect of the\\nspirit s veil of flesh, which is only partly within our\\ncontrol, how much more are w r e responsible for\\na truly comely and pleasing influence through\\ndress\\nThere is no business of daily life so trifling as to\\nbe undeserving of care no act so small that it is\\ninsignificant nothing that may not be made more\\nbeautiful in the doing. And the tine arts of living,\\n72", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "COMFORT IN DRESS\\nof which dress is one of the most important, are\\njust as eloquent, just as honorable, as any of their\\nsister arts we have revered so long. Though they\\nare taught in no school, written in no book;\\nthough we seem for the most part never to have\\nappreciated their existence; yet on the arts of\\nliving depend our comfort, our greatest luxury,\\nand our highest happiness.\\n73", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nMANIFESTATION of the need of exercise\\nbegins with the first squirmings and push-\\nings of earliest life; it keeps up its insistent\\nrequirement pace for pace with all the adoles-\\ncent and maturer stages of growth and develop-\\nment; and it continues to urge its claims in the\\nstretchings and gapings of the centenarian.\\nLove of exercise exists wherever the exercise\\nessayed is really fitted to its need. This is shown\\nin the crowing kicks of infancy, the glowing\\nstress of youthful sports, the smiling constitu-\\ntional of middle life, and the satisfying yawns\\nof old age.\\nOur civilization, grown so over-mentalized, so\\nfeverishly strenuous, so exhaustingly nervous, takes\\nvery little care for motion without motive (as", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ngymnastics have been defined); indeed it does\\nnot even encourage any just proportion of motion\\nwith motive in its fashions for work. Most work\\nnecessitating any fair proportion of personal motion\\nis become unfashionable and unpopular. The natu-\\nral dignity and grace of active motional work are\\nrusting under damps of nervous prostration, induced\\nby false standards of elegance and false ambitions\\nfor success.\\nMind and spirit are being so unnaturally over-\\nworked, to the detriment of physical energy, that\\nthe human type is threatened, and grows fantasti-\\ncally abnormal. Specimens of well-balanced cul-\\nture are more and more rare, while hysteria,\\nmadness, debauchery, fruits of abnormal develop-\\nment, grow more and more common.\\nThe remedy for these things is not repression,\\nfor repression is never a reliable remedy. It may\\ndivert the course of action, but tendency can only\\nbe converted by a counter-force stronger than it-\\n78", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nself. There is natural danger in Don t, and\\nnatural hope in Do something better.\\nIn this connection it is very needful to remem-\\nber that the human type is made up of three dis-\\ntinguishable natures a nature that feels sensations,\\nor physical nature a nature that feels emotions, or\\nspiritual or emotional nature and a nature that\\nthinks, or mental nature. While these natures are\\ndistinguishable, they are, until death, inseparable,\\nand are infinitely inter-relative and always interde-\\npendent. So that the utmost health, growth, and\\nusefulness of any one nature depends upon their par-\\nticipation in the equal health, growth, and useful-\\nness of the other two. And the perfection of this\\ninter-relation is gained by the constant instinctive,\\nharmonious coactivity of all three natures.\\nThe coactivity of our natures has been undevel-\\noped by education because of our failure or tardi-\\nness in appreciating the inevitable importance of\\ntheir correlation. It has been vainly supposed\\n79", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nthat strong thinking prevented sensation and emo-\\ntion, that one who chose an intellectual ca-\\nreer might safely sacrifice physical development\\nand emotional experience. Mentality thus over-\\nwrought, without physical refreshment or spiritual\\nreinforcement, is bloodless and soulless and un-\\nmagnetic, and tends constantly to inanition and\\ninsanity. Or it has been fancied that spiritual\\ndevelopment might best monopolize educational\\ncare that emotion, as the finest power, was the\\nonly one worth considering that thought and\\nsensation were too hard and coarse to be allied\\nwith it. But such unfair emotional indulgence\\nleads to hysterical distortion, inhumane bigotry,\\nand a hundred sentimental follies.\\nNor is the unjust yielding to physical tryanny\\nany more advantageous. Without kind and wise\\ncontrol, excessive physicality tends to the ultimate\\ndissipation of force. A combination of any two of\\nour natures is hardly more succesful than the usur-\\n80", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\npation of one for here, as elsewhere, one third and\\ntwo thirds are equally inadequate to make one\\nwhole. A three-legged stool is no better with two\\nlegs than with one, however one or both may be\\nelaborated. Just so our strength and symmetry\\nand usefulness are sadly crippled, if we cannot\\nrely on three well-related bases of our complex na-\\nture. And as no amount of criticism can improve\\nthe stool s one-leggedness or two-leggedness, so no\\namount of fault-finding alone can benefit us if we\\nare excessively developed in any one direction,\\nwhether we are excessively mentalized, or exces-\\nsively physicalized, or excessively spiritualized.\\nOnly by supplying the lacking element in strong\\nand just relations to its fellows can we re-establish\\nthe perfect soundness and power and beauty of the\\nwhole.\\nFor the unbalanced maturity of men and women,\\nand the unbalanced developing of childhood and\\nyouth, the only remedy is such coactive education\\n6 81", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nof body, mind, and spirit as yields at every point a\\nhappy, normal, personal balance of health and use-\\nfulness and charm.\\nSuch is the ideal standard of educational exercise.\\nA first requirement of educational exercise is to\\ndevelop and supply force that is lacking, at the\\nleast expense to force that exists. As our present\\nlife overtaxes thought and feelings to the depletion\\nof physical force, the first use to be made of exercise\\nis to furnish abundant stimulant in the form of\\nmotion, to body, bone, and tissue, at the least pos-\\nsible cost to mind and spirit, for the utmost general\\nand well-balanced recuperation and growth of the\\nwhole being. This defines the best gymnasium\\nexercise.\\nTo escape the inconveniences and hamperings of\\nour usual environment, and to secure inducement\\nand facility for ample, free, profitable gymnastic\\nexercise, the gymnasium is necessary, a gymna-\\nsium from whose atmosphere and appointments\\n82", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nshall have been eliminated all influences that re-\\npress, restrict, or pervert full freedom and dignity\\nof bodily activity all false ideas of immodesty or\\nthe vulgarity of motion all pedantic snobbery\\nevery social fad, personal vanity, or prejudice all\\nstiff collars, tight clothing, artificial heels, and\\nbinding shoes, a gymnasium whose inspiration\\nis to be sweet as only vigor can be sweet, and\\nstrong as only loveliness is strong.\\nUnnatural living is the enemy that destroys the\\nhappy balance of our faculties. And our utmost\\neffort to regain that power is only the instinctive\\nattempt to turn from wrong-doing and its penalties,\\nand go back to the mother nature for renewal of our\\nrightful comfort and power and joy in living,\\nwhich only just obedience to her laws can yield.\\nTo her wisdom we must go for each step of living\\nprogress.\\nFrom nature we get the best first gymnastic\\nstandard in the yawn and stretch. It is her uni-\\n83", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nversally applicable recuperative exercise, whose ef-\\nficiency and catholicity attest its good origin and\\nits value. The source of this exercise is in natural\\nimpulse; its action is so spontaneously instinctive\\nas to be automatic, and so perfectly ordered that\\nits refreshing and reinforcing effect is easy and\\nunfailing.\\nLaws of time, force, rhythm, direction, and har-\\nmony (immutable laws of matter and of growth)\\nare traceable in this most successful and unpervert-\\nible natural gymnastic and upon these laws are\\nbased the various educational processes of bodily\\nculture. From the yawn and stretch may be\\nclearly shown the economic value of slow time,\\neven un jerking action, and perfect vibratory suc-\\ncession in motion. They show, too, the natural\\nsuccession of bodily motion, which begins with the\\neye and head, extends through chest and upper\\narms, forearms and hands, to finger tips, through\\nlower trunk, legs, and feet, to tips of toes.\\n84", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nIf it be safe to believe that nature reinforces\\ngrowth along the same lines and processes as those\\nthrough which growth was instituted, then we\\nhave evidence in this most natural recuperative\\ngymnastic of the laws and processes of human\\ngrowth. And it is in full and perfect accordance\\nwith these laws and processes that true educa-\\ntional gymnastic work must proceed. The value\\nof slow time in motion as indicated in the stretch\\nwas appreciated and inculcated as the strongest\\nmerit in the Ling gymnastic svsteni. This was\\na great advance over other systems, with their\\nhurried time and artificial rhythni, quick count\\nor ill-adapted music.\\nThe even, self -controlled, unjerking action of the\\nyawn and stretch is not sufficiently preserved in\\ngymnastic practice, yet it belongs properly in ail\\nmotion culture. The perfect rhythm of movement\\ncontrolled by the length and weight of bone and\\nmuscle in each individual head, back, arm,\\nSo", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nhand, finger, leg, foot, and toe is a sadly neg-\\nlected law of economic motion.\\nNothing but military discipline can profit by the\\nwholesale sacrifice of personal rhythm which mili-\\ntary gymnastics exact. For any other than mili-\\ntary uses the jerky automaton-like obedience to\\nsudden orders would not compensate for the ner-\\nvous shock and waste of energy, for the wreck of\\nharmony and grace, which every startled jerk\\nnecessitates. Even the cherished heel-thumping\\nviolence of military marching is of little use when\\nput to the test of trying service, and a greater\\nfreedom of step has always to be permitted upon\\nany long march. The shortcoming of the whole\\nmilitary idea of motional training was demonstrated\\nin the Boer War, where a handful of self-reliant\\nmen, accustomed to individual action, were always\\nfound a match for many times their number of\\nregular troops trained in a rigid averaging system.\\nThe British colonial troops were found invaluable\\n86", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nfor precisely the same reason they used their heads\\nas well as their bodies. And this must always be so.\\nAn automaton can never equal a man. That is the\\ngist of the whole matter. The aim of the old mili-\\ntary idea is to reduce a body of men to the pre-\\ncision and regularity of machines the aim of\\neducation is to elevate men above the level of\\nmechanical routine, to set them on their feet with\\nwisdom of head and heart, to make them free,\\nspirited, and thinking individuals. Between the\\ntwo ideals there can be no comparison and no\\ncompromise.\\nIf we are to participate in military or prison life,\\nwe may have to learn to march but that unbeau-\\ntiful accomplishment can readily be acquired at\\nneed. So there seems to be nothing to justify the\\ndestruction of individual rhythm in walking, by\\nforcing upon it wrong adjustment of weight and\\nstep, and arbitrary average of time and rhythm.\\nMarching is the embodied violation of every\\n87", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ntrue principle of mental, moral, and physical\\neducation.\\nThe laws of vibration and rhythm are essential\\nand indispensable to the perfect economy of any\\nand all motion.\\nThe full, free, natural order of human motion is\\nnot an arbitrary arrangement. It is but another\\ninstance of that natural law which transmits motion\\nfrom the motive power, first through the nearest\\nrelated matter, and on from that in orderly suc-\\ncession through the farther and farthest related\\npoints that the initial force of vibration is sufficient\\nto reach.\\nAn interrupted or restricted motion is a waste-\\nful, disordering repression of instinctive rhythm.\\nMotive power that signals from the eye along the\\nneck and shoulder to lift an arm, wants the upper\\narm s share of lift first, then the forearm s, and\\nthen the share of hand and fingers. In such a\\nprogression of motion the initial power is fully util-\\n88", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nized in orderly natural succession, to the satisfaction\\nof the impulse and the perfection of the action s\\nexpression of that impulse. To overact the upper\\narm and cut short the motion of forearm and\\nhand is to stultify the impulse and blight the\\naction. To underact the upper arm and overact\\nforearm or hand is to impoverish the action and\\ndestroy the magnetism of the impulse. No in-\\nterference with the lawful perfection of motion,\\nfrom impulse to its farthest vibration, is good\\nmotional training. And yet how little motional\\ntraining or motional practice we get without such\\ndisorganizing interruption The unfailing recup-\\nerative success of orderly procedure in motion,\\nas exemplified in the yawn and stretch, is an\\nintimation of the value of such order in all exer-\\ncise for physical growth. By careful observation\\nand experiment Delsarte discovered that the same\\norderly procedure of motion in physical exer-\\ncise promoted mental and spiritual recuperation\\n89", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nas well j that it undoubtedly exemplified laws and\\nprocesses of mental and spiritual growth and that,\\ntherefore, these laws and processes of exercise\\nwere safe rules of exercise for the threefold edu-\\ncation and correlation necessary to the develop-\\nment of personal balance and personal expression.\\nThere is a reactive, reflex stimulation toward\\ngrowth of thought, feeling, and impulse from any\\nproper quantity and quality of motion and speech\\n(which is itself, of course, a form of exercise). And\\nthis stimulation completes the recuperative circuit\\nfrom instinctive need, through fitting exertion and\\nrelief, back with accumulated reinforcement to\\nbody, mind, and spirit. I am weary I stretch I\\nam refreshed. Such education of instinct as will\\nlead body to educate being must needs be more\\nthan a fad or a fashion; it must be the science,\\nphilosophy, and art of exercise, the culture of\\nmotion. It must be the safeguard whereby being\\nmay be protected from ugly and unlawful motion,\\n90", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nwith its inevitably harmful influence upon charac-\\nter and conduct, and may be given the aid of natu-\\nral lawful grace to further its development.\\nFor all motion has an inevitable creative or de-\\nveloping influence for good or ill, in its reaction,\\nupon the mental and moral natures, as well as a\\ndirect effect, helpful or harmful, upon physical\\ngrowth and the forming of habits of physical\\nconduct. Every motion, therefore, must be dis-\\ncordantly destructive or harmoniously construc-\\ntive to the health and power and beauty of human\\nliving and motion culture becomes a fundamental\\ncommon-sense precaution against ill health and an\\nobviously practical educational measure. Athletic\\ntraining too often aims at excessive and uneven\\nmuscle building, for the mere purpose of violent\\nspasmodic exertion or endurance, or for unnatural\\nincrease or reduction of bulk, at a reckless cost to\\nvital energy, to legitimate usefulness, and to har-\\nmony of vigor. Such ruthless destruction of per-\\n91", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nsonal economy and normal development has no\\nlawful relation to any educational process.\\nSuch methods of physical training, moreover,\\noften miss their mark simply by being entirely\\nuncorrelated to the mental and spiritual forces.\\nThe hardest hitter is often beaten by the lighter\\nhitter with the stronger judgment. The skilled\\nathlete often yields most quickly when his vital\\nenergy is taxed by disease. A well-balanced har-\\nmony of strength with judgment and courage is a\\ngreater power than any mere violent physical force\\nor turbulent haste and will safely gain, hold, and\\npromote the best normal perfection of form and\\nvitality, if it be allowed due time and fair play.\\nAnd yet exercises that overtrain for mere\\nstrength, at the sacrifice of time and grace, are\\nonly more dangerous, but no more inharmonious,\\nthan those that overtrain for time alone, such as\\nmarching, thrusting, striding, and dancing to arbi-\\ntrary note, vocal or instrumental nor are they any\\n92", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nworse than others that overtrain for grace alone,\\nthe foolish posturing and aimless attitudinizing\\nwhich too often take the name of Delsarte in vain.\\nGrace is a quality as complex as it is fine and\\nstrong. It means such delicate, accurate power of\\nbalance as gives sure, free strength in equilibrium\\nit means such true adjustment of the intricate re-\\nlations of our three natures as secures a perfect\\nrhythm in their operation it means such beautiful\\nshaping and directing of motion as harmonizes\\nforce and rhythm with beauty to their fullest use.\\nSuch grace is the touchstone of all sound, beauti-\\nful gymnastic training.\\nThe shortcomings of all bad systems of exer-\\ncise may be summed up in one word they are\\ninartistic.\\nNow nature, on the other hand, is never inar-\\ntistic in this way; her methods of growth have\\nalways the inevitable ease, power, and complete\\nadequacy of perfect art. So, too, the only teaching\\n93", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nworthy of consideration must be artistic. Time\\nand energy spent on disordered inartistic exercise\\nare as disastrously wasted as when they are spent\\nin practising music incorrectly, or in painting by\\npalpably incorrect methods. Not only is good\\nwork being thereby prevented, but wrong habits\\nof work are being formed. And the longer we\\npersist in our bad habits the worse we become, of\\ncourse. But if repetition establishes bad habits,\\nit also establishes good ones; and habits suffi-\\nciently well established become automatic, not\\nonly mechanically automatic, but by their reflex\\naction instinctively automatic as well; they be-\\ncome second nature, as we say. And second\\nnature need never be inferior to first nature while\\nit always possesses the advantage of greater adapt-\\nability. Thus by creating habits we can change\\nour conduct, our character, our nature. Herein\\nlies the responsibility and range of opportunity of\\ngymnastic training.\\n94", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nFortunately a good habit on natural structural\\nlines of growth is more easily formed than a bad\\none. Surely, then, no preventable forming of bad\\nhabits should be permitted, either under cloak of ig-\\nnorance or indolence, or false gymnastic standards.\\nThe opportunity for pleasantly educating one s\\nown natural impulse towards normal living and\\nharmonious personal growth is too great a boon\\nto be forfeited lightly. Mrs. Richard Hovey, writr\\ning upon this point, asserts that a rigid, motional\\nprison discipline would reform the criminals.\\nBad habits of being and of doing are contracted\\nthrough ill health, ill temper, and bad judgment,\\nthrough imitation and inheritance. It is the busi-\\nness of educational gymnastic training to eliminate\\nthese bad traits from the character, and conduct,\\nby the method of substitution, by replacing them\\nwith right motional habits and their right tempera-\\nmental reactions. Inasmuch as the physical nature\\nis fundamental to the mental and moral natures,\\n95", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nand the laws of the body inclusive of the laws of\\nmind and spirit, it follows that the development of\\nmind and spirit cannot but be controlled by the\\ncapacity and development of the body; and the\\nsymmetry and consistency of mental and moral at-\\ntainment must be proportionate to the developed\\npower of their physical foundation. There can be\\nno sacrifice of balance in development without a\\ncorresponding sacrifice of power there can be no\\nsacrifice of power without its blight upon charac-\\nter, instinct, and personality.\\nEducational gymnastic training, while promot-\\ning growth and use of physical powers, should\\nselect only such means to this end as harmoniously\\neducate lawful habits of motion and ennobling\\nreaction upon the mental and spiritual natures.\\nSuch a standard transforms gymnastic work from\\nmere physical exercise and amusement into an\\nart, an art whose processes not only utilize\\nhabits of doing well all the ordinary acts of daily\\n96", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\nlife, but also induce habits of strongest and sub-\\ntlest expressive power, and foster growth of mind\\nand spirit as well as of body.\\nThe best body training is that which induces\\nmind and spirit to keep even pace with bodily\\nculture. Such exercise must be progressive, co-\\nherent, and harmonious throughout all of its\\nadjustment, so that no step need be wasted, but\\nthat all gain shall be valuable enrichment of gen-\\neral balanced growth.\\nThe yawn and stretch are the safest and surest\\ninitial studies in motion harmony. They con-\\nstitute a model of perfectly harmless and perfectly\\nhelpful physical gymnastic, starting from physical\\nimpulse, never rising higher than its physical\\nsource, and therefore by no means fulfilling the\\nrequisite range of requirement for educational\\ngymnastic but the principles and processes of the\\nyawn and stretch extend through an infinite vari-\\nety of exercise progressing consistently from this\\n7 97", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nbeginning to exercise whose action, expression, and\\nreaction grow more and more complex and inter-\\nesting, more and more beautiful and ennobling\\nas well as strengthening.\\nInstinctive, rational, or artistic progression in\\ntraining does not lead to unusual stamping and\\nstriding, nor to useless jerking and shouting, but\\nto the necessary activities of living, to right\\nstanding, sitting, rising, reaching, lifting, walk-\\ning, breathing, talking, bending, bowing, running,\\njumping, dancing, climbing, swimming, each in\\nperfect individual rhythm, in orderly succession,\\nand true harmony of motion.\\nThe development of this exercise is incredibly\\nhastened and aided by its constant practice in daily\\nuse and all necessary activity of conduct is rapidly\\nmade appreciably more easy, more serviceable and\\npleasurable, by the recuperative, inspiring reaction\\nof its harmonious execution. The next step in\\nmotion culture, beside and beyond this very practi-\\n98", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "EDUCATIONAL EXERCISE\\ncal training, is the practice of motion whose reac-\\ntion is so harmoniously and helpfully stimulating of\\nthought and emotion, that the truest, highest, fullest\\nuse of instinct and character are being educated.\\nIn this way the sphere of instinctive action may\\nbe so enlarged as to safely and efficiently relieve\\nthe overworked brain. And the great natural\\nforce of impulse may be automatically and wisely\\nconverted into action of highest efficiency, without\\nwaste of will, and with normal increase of power\\nto body, mind, and spirit.\\nSuch natural, symmetrical development of body,\\ninstinct, conduct, and character, through culture of\\nbodily motion and speech, is the surest foundation\\nfor all artistic expression and the legitimate work\\nof educational gymnastics.\\n99\\nLift", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "VI\\nTHE IDEAL GYMNASIUM", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "VI\\nTHE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nTHE standard is not too high, nor the require-\\nment exaggerated, that demands that ca-\\npable teachers in an ideal gymnasium must be well\\nversed in physiology, psychology, and pedagogy\\nmust know something of human kind, its powers and\\nmeans of growth, and of the world and what kind\\nof men and women it needs they must be able to\\ndevelop mental, moral, and physical alike, till each\\nnature acts as stimulant and counterbalance for\\nthe others; they must know the laws of motion\\nand expression and their methods, whereby even\\nthe exceptional and inexplicable which we call\\ngenius may be educated.\\nWith such a standard the gymnasium stands\\nhigh and strong and attractive among the educa-\\ntional institutions of the world with any lowering\\n103", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nof its standard it drops to the ranks of sensation-\\nalism and charlatanry.\\nThe first problem that confronts a teacher of\\ngymnastics is the adjustment of environment to\\nthe work, the selection and arrangement of a\\ngymnasium whose cleanly convenience and attrac-\\ntiveness shall be of a kind that is inspiring and\\neducating to sense and thought and feeling. The\\nimportance of immaculate cleanliness should not\\nneed to be emphasized in these days when sanitary\\nsafety is very generally appreciated now, too, the\\nconvenience of gymnasium appointment is luxuri-\\nously provided with abundant, interesting, well-\\narranged apparatus and alluring baths. The\\naesthetic equipment, however, of an educational\\ngymnasium is as important as any other element\\nof the problem. An unlovely environment is a\\ndiscouraging field for the culture of an instinct\\nfor beauty while aesthetic stimulation from har-\\nmonious environment is an immeasurable help to\\n104", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nteachers and students alike. A harmonious ap-\\npointment of the gymnasium cannot include exces-\\nsive ornamentation, cumbersome decoration, nor\\nextravagant furnishing; but it should include\\ngood color, sweet sound, and beautiful shapes\\nin its equipment and arrangement, perfectly con-\\nsistent with serviceability.\\nNo unmusical sound, no discordant speech, no\\nunfair conduct nor unloving spirit has any legiti-\\nmate place in the ideal gymnasium. The har-\\nmony of the ideal gymnasium demands of its work-\\ners that they be free, unabashed, and aspiring in\\ncomfortable, unrestricting clothing as beautiful and\\nconvenient as may be. In such an atmosphere\\nthere is nothing to repel, and everything to induce,\\nthe fullest development of everybody s best quantity\\nand quality of being.\\nPrimary educational gymnastic training begins its\\nnormalizing process by starting its collarless, sleeve-\\nless, beltless, garterless, barefoot workers at yawn-\\n105", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ning and stretching in normal time and order of\\nmotion, slowly rolling eyeballs, stretching lids,\\ndropping jaw, stretching neck, raising chest and\\nshoulders, with stretching arms and hands to\\nfinger tips, lifting ribs with stretching intercostal,\\nabdominal, and back muscles, for deep breathing,\\nand the stretching of legs and feet to ends of toes.\\nAll motion of the highest order begins with a\\nspiritual, mental, physical impulse, expressed first in\\nthe spiritual-mental organ nearest consciousness,\\nthe eye, and thence transmitted to head, chest,\\narms, and lower body.\\nAll motion contrary to or disarranged from this\\norder is inferior expression, however intricate or\\nmobile its mechanism may be. Wherefore all\\neducational motion practice should respect this\\nhighest natural order of motional succession.\\nThe yawn and stretch may be practised prone,\\nsitting, and standing, stopping at the full relaxa-\\ntion point for practice in resting in perfect relaxa-\\n106", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\ntion, and with gradual orderly recovery to full\\nnormal alertness. Thence normal standing and\\nsitting poise are readily evolved with the same\\neasy economic processes of moving from prone to\\nsitting, from sitting to standing, from standing to\\nsitting and lying down; and as these processes\\nbecome approved and acquired by muscles and by\\ninstinct, their use is everywhere and always sub-\\nstituted for the old disorderly habits of doing such\\nthings.\\nIn such primary processes the muscles of the en-\\ntire body have been successively and rhythmically\\nstretched in perfect individual harmony oxygena-\\ntion has been increased and utilized, through the\\naccelerated circulation, for the recuperative stimu-\\nlation of muscles, nerves, and brain. The habit of\\ngetting and holding instinctive relaxation as it\\nis needed is one of nature s most valuable safe-\\nguards. It is often our only defence against over-\\npowering circumstance. Its help, moreover, is not\\n107", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nonly a negative one of evasion it also brings a\\nvery prompt and efficient reinforcement, through\\nsuch subtle automatic forces that we can only\\nknow its magic by experience and through abso-\\nlute effacement of self-will. Then the great\\npowers of being work on unhindered by indi-\\nvidual interruptions, pushing safely and surely\\nback from whatever excess of excitement or ex-\\nhaustion to normal poise and power.\\nAccompanying these fundamental beginnings are\\nspecial breathing exercises, giving the use of the\\nmuscularly lifted chest, extended ribs, and abdom-\\ninal and diaphragm action; exercises of relaxing\\nand tonic influence upon the throat exercises in\\ntone production, from its diaphragm impulse,\\nthrough a resonant chest cavity and unobstruct-\\ning, unirritating throat and mouth, to its resonance\\nand shaping in the front of the mouth and nose,\\nfor an ultimate musical purity and beauty of\\nquality.\\n108", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nGymnastic education which does not include\\nspeech training neglects one of the most important\\nmotional elements of bodily culture and personal\\nexpression. The physical wear and tear of throats\\nby their misuse in speech the rarity of pleasant\\nspeaking voices, and prevalence of high-pitched\\nnervous tone with rough, thin, jagged tone qual-\\nity the average irregularity, slovenliness, and\\ncrudity of enuciation and articulation and the\\ntotal ignorance of the subtle values of emphasis\\nand inflection, are glaring reproaches to Ameri-\\ncan education, and undeniable blemishes upon any\\nstandard of personal culture.\\nThe use of tone is one of the most potent ele-\\nments in personal harmony, and its misuse always\\nan element of discord, which is consciously or\\nunconsciously irritating and demoralizing to the\\nnervous poise of all who come within its range.\\nThe wearying annoyance and spiritual discourage-\\nment of bad tone can best be appreciated by re-\\n109", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ncalling the grateful sense of nervous relief derived\\nfrom clean, clear, melodious diction. The most\\nsuccessful tone production is achieved, not by the\\nFrench or clavicular breathing method, but by a\\ncombination of the German or abdominal method,\\nand the Italian or lateral method.\\nThe most suggestive illustration for best breath-\\ning is that which likens the breathing cavity to\\na rubber carafe. By pressure upon the neck or\\nthroat emission is checked by pressure upon the\\ntop wall of the carafe (on the chest, that is) the\\ncontents is forced out in a small jet whose contin-\\nuance is dependent upon the depressibility of the top\\nwall only by pressure upon the side walls of the\\ncarafe (or intercostal muscles) only so much is\\nforced out as the side pressure alone can compel\\nwhile by exclusive pressure upon the bottom wall\\n(or diaphragm) the contents is overforced in gulps\\nfrom the mouth of the carafe. But by an even\\nsuccessive pressure, beginning with the diaphragm\\n110", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\n(or bottom wall of the carafe) and continued by\\nthe intercostal muscles (or side walls of the carafe),\\na thorough circulation of the breath, with its full-\\nest potentiality, is secured. This method of\\nbreathing not only results in completely chang-\\ning the air in the lungs, refreshing to the lowest\\ndepths of the breathing capacity it gives control\\nof the force of the entire supply of breath for tone\\nproduction throughout the well-expanded resonant\\ncavity of the chest, and the firmly distended\\nthroat and nose, and its final placing and shaping\\nby the mouth for speech or song.\\nThe most accurate help toward the best shaping\\nof tone into clear vowel and consonant sounds by\\nthe vocal organs has been furnished by Dr. Mel-\\nville Bell, whose analysis of mouth positions for\\nvisible speech offer invaluable suggestions for\\ngymnastics of breathing, throat relaxing, and\\nproper positions of the tongue, lips, and jaw for\\nclear enunciation. The most scientific classifica-\\nlll", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\ntion of natural laws of emphasis and inflection has\\nbeen given by Delsarte.\\nThe importance of proper breathing (and good\\ndiction is a constant gymnastic in proper breath-\\ning) cannot be over-estimated. Control of the\\nbreath is the secret of magnetic speech.\\nHabits of ample oxygenation are absolutely\\nessential to healthful exercise. An abundant\\nsupply of oxygen is required to reinforce energy,\\nto invigorate circulation, and stimulate excretion\\nof the waste matter which becomes devitalized\\nand should be promptly replaced by abundant new\\nmaterial. Exercise without adequate oxygenation\\nmay readily work serious injury from the poison-\\nous accumulation of waste that is not safely dis-\\nposed of. Fresh air and water are the natural\\npreventives of such stagnation and corruption,\\nenough water internally to flush and refresh the\\nexcretory organs, and enough externally to dilate,\\ncleanse, and sweeten the pores and surface of the\\n112", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nskin and to stimulate its proper action. In a\\nbody thus wholesomely eliminating its waste and\\nre-creating itself, the germs of disease find little\\nroom to lodge. Only that body whose harmoni-\\nous use is scientifically and artistically ordered\\nthroughout all of its functions and relations can\\nrealize the ideal of a normally cultured human\\nbeing.\\nThe work of the ideal gymnasium, for conveni-\\nence and for the sake of clearness, may be divided\\ninto three parts (1) The exercise of energy against\\nresistance, or apparatus work; (2) the exercise of\\nenergy from impulse alone for cultivating the\\npower of control, or free gymnastic work and (3)\\nthe exercise of energy in expression, exemplified\\nand trained by practice in diction and expressive\\nmotion. And all of these elements of training\\nmust be equally considered and adequately re-\\nlated; no one fostered at the expense of the\\nothers. All apparatus work must be done with\\n8 113", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nthe ease and grace and rhythm that free gymnas-\\ntics inculcate all free gymnastic work must be\\nperformed with the thorough breathing that good\\ndiction demands and all reading and speaking\\nmust be carried on in those positions, sitting or\\nstanding, which the ordered use of the body in free\\ngymnastics cannot fail to teach.\\nIn apparatus work, the intercostal machine\\nmay be employed to exercise the pulling strength\\nof the entire muscular system, from the soles of the\\nfeet to the head and hands, evenly developing\\nmuscular tissue, with its general tonic reaction.\\nThe chest weights may serve to exercise or-\\nderly rhythmical well-related arm-pulling, mobil-\\nizing and controlling shoulder and arm joints,\\nstretching and developing chest, shoulder, neck,\\nback, abdominal, and leg muscles they may also\\nbe used for muscularly lifting the chest, and for\\nthe inspiring reaction upon body, mind, and spirit\\nwhich the uplifted chest produces,\\n114", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nThe leg weights may be made to exercise\\nthe pulling strength of the leg in rhythmical or-\\nderly succession and full relation of motion, for\\nincrease of physical balance with its tonic effect of\\nstability upon the nervous system.\\nThe head weights may be used to develop\\nmuscular beauty of the throat, through exercising\\nthe strength and rhythmical control of neck motion,\\nby means of very slow pulls, forward, backward,\\nand sidewise, with their successive body relations,\\nfor strength and ease and dignity of head carriage,\\nwith its consequent control of muscular and nervous\\nactivity.\\nThe Swedish stall bars and bom may be\\nvery interestingly and pleasantly used for both\\nsimple and complex hanging stretches and lifting,\\nwith their exhilarating and tonic effect.\\nThroughout apparatus work deeper and better\\ncontrolled breathing should be developed; all\\nstanding and sitting positions should be in perfect\\n115", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\npoise; all motion should be conducted in natural\\norder of succession and time, and in full harmony\\nof bodily relation to various resistance. Thus mus-\\ncular development is not merely being secured it\\nis being secured in ways that are forming habits\\nof economically relating power to resistance, that\\nis to say, in ways that are teaching natural, happy\\neconomy in work.\\nAlong with exercise of energy against resistance,\\nfor the development of compelling power, belongs\\nthe instinctive exercise of energy from impulse, for\\nthe development of power of control. This may be\\ngiven through free gymnastic exercise, always\\nconsistent with the law and order of the yawn and\\nstretch, however far they may progress in com-\\nplexity of origin or import. No violence, no\\njerky gyrations tending to wasteful meaning-\\nless or undesirable habits of motion, belong in\\nany code of educational gymnastics. No pallia-\\ntive of sharp counting or over-emphasized musi-\\n116", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\ncal accompaniment can excuse injuries of wrong\\nrhythm, wrong relation, wrong meaning, and per-\\nsonal discord. Free gymnastics to be of educational\\nvalue must proceed from impulse, simple or com-\\nplex, in natural order, in rhythm and shape nat-\\nurally determined for each individual by the length\\nand weight of bone and muscle, and the quantity\\nand quality of impulse power. Such exercise\\nshould progress from gymnastics of simple origin,\\nmechanism, and reaction, to gymnastics that gain\\ninterest and beauty as they grow more complex in\\ntheir mechanism, origin, and influence.\\nPrimary among these free gymnastic exercises\\nare: Swaying, balancing, and turning, with the\\nweight well poised over the balls of the feet, with\\ntoes spread and heels raised successive undulation\\nof the body from head to foot, in varying degrees\\nof force and time successive lift, fall, and sway of\\narms and hands from eye to finger-tip, in vary-\\ning force, time, and shape of motion swing, lift,\\n117", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nand fall of the leg in orderly succession from eye\\nto toe-tips then mobilizing rollings and shakings\\nof head, trunk, arms, hands, legs, and feet slow,\\norderly, rhythmical bendings, twistings, and deep\\nbreathing, with their perfect stretching of muscles,\\nre-enforcing of circulation, strengthening of bal-\\nance, and steadying of nerves, relieving the\\nbrain of congestion and discord.\\nFor a general tonic influence on personal energy,\\npersonal accuracy, and economy of power, there\\nare successive slow stretchings and strong fling-\\nings of the arms in all directions (with deep in-\\nhalation, steady retention and control of the breath,\\nand even economical exhalation), and the orderly\\nelastic, unjarring jump, with its stirring refresh-\\nment and culture of prompt poise.\\nThe next step in advance leads to exercises more\\ncomplicated in impulse, in the elements employed,\\nin directions and relations of motion, and in reflex\\ninfluence, as, for instance, successive upstretching\\n118", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nof eyes, head, chest, arms, intercostal muscles, legs,\\nand feet, with deep, slow inhalation continued\\nthroughout the upstretch, followed by even, slow\\nsuccessive relaxation from the stretch, accompanied\\nby a controlled exhalation. By this means the\\nmuscular, respiratory, and circulatory systems are\\nexercised, while uplifting and sustaining power of\\nimpulse and control are being stimulated, and a\\nhabit of orderly economic relaxation of tension is\\nbeing developed. Complications of standing firmly\\nin poise, with the weight over the balls of the feet,\\nwith orderly parallel or opposite trunk and head\\ntwisting, with arm stretchings in various direc-\\ntions, serve harmoniously for strengthening mus-\\ncles, control of balance, and economy of energy.\\nBody bending (either slowly under control or re-\\nlaxed and less slowly), with successive arm stretch-\\nings and kneeling, may be used for developing\\ncontrol of instinctive surety of relation and bal-\\nance. All these, in short, are exercises which tend\\n119", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nto perfect co-ordination, and the harmonious re-\\naction of perfect co-ordination upon growth.\\nRelating all gymnastic work to necessary activi-\\nties, there should be perfectly ordered exercises in\\nwalking, running, bowing, jumping, climbing, lift-\\ning, swimming, rowing, dancing, and talking. The\\nevolution and cultivation of normal walking in-\\nvolves much valuable education. The elements\\nnecessary to a fine walk and good carriage are\\nnot carelessly acquired, and they can only become\\ninstinctive and habitual through wise exercise in\\nmany directions.\\nA shifting, swerving eye must learn an accurate\\nfirm regard before it can lead fine bodily carriage\\nand its education will have taught considerable\\nnervous control, mental exactness, and emotional\\ncomposure before steady, intelligent, initiative use\\nof the eyes becomes an instinctive habit.\\nThe sensitive free guiding of a well-poised head,\\nmoving in well-ordered time, does not become ha-\\n120", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nbitual without exerting its reactive influence for\\ndignity and truth and moderation, in thought and\\nfeeling as well as in action. The uplifted well-\\npoised chest, with its command over relaxed arms\\nand hands, and its inducement to full, deep breath-\\ning, never fails to reinforce courage, charity, and\\nthe ease that is elegance. Rightly used hips, that\\nsubordinate the prominence of abdominal physical-\\nity and hold the upper emotional and mental realms\\nof the body in leading poise, teach further subor-\\ndination, substitution, and adaptation of values and\\nrelations of mental and spiritual activities. The\\nmobile undulating back, the free, strong leg, and\\nthe straight, firm springing tread, do not impart\\ntheir power of elasticity and balance to the body\\nwithout developing elasticity and balance in all its\\nsuper-physical relations as well.\\nPerhaps nothing more often debases personal\\ncharm than bad habits in the use of the feet,\\ndefiant stamping, vulgar striding, slovenly shuffling,\\n121", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nsilly wriggling, cowardly slinking, or other degen-\\nerate forms of bad carriage. No essential of edu-\\ncation is so generally unperfected, thwarted, and\\ndegraded as fundamental education in normal\\nwalking.\\nUniversal injustice to feet and walk begins by\\noverheating and confining the feet in infancy. As\\na child grows, its feet are more and more restricted,\\nin development and in use, by shoes that are too\\nstiff of sole, too narrow of tread, to allow the nor-\\nmal spread of the toes and ball of the foot under\\nthe weight of the body, and too confining of instep\\nand ankle to permit their adequate development and\\nuse and all this perversion to no better purpose\\nthan conforming the foot to a popular, wholly arti-\\nficial, standard of shape, at the expense of natural\\ngrowth, natural right, and natural consequences.\\nAdd to this the false shame of bare feet, the mis-\\ntaken pride of small feet, the inartistic tolerance\\nof misshapen feet, the enervating, irritating fear of\\n122", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\ncool feet, the undignified endurance of uncomfort-\\nable, weakened, and diseased feet, and the expense\\nof wearing light, soft, well-adapted shoes; and\\nupon this cruelly wrong foundation walking must\\nbe begim. If the child rebels, or totters and falls,\\nit is punished and kept at it if it cringes and\\nhalts, it is ridiculed and reproved; perhaps it is\\ntaught to stamp its defiance in marching, or to\\nmince and prance in unnatural dancing capers\\nand from this laborious corruption of natural\\nbeginnings the prevalence of ugly, weak, foolish,\\ninharmonious carriage is not strange. The won-\\nder of it all is our toleration of the barbarity,\\nwith its radical, far-reaching, inevitable ill effects\\nupon the health, the ability, and the grace of\\nwomen and the children they bear.\\nA gymnasium shoe, to serve in processes of\\nnormal development, where the use of bare feet\\nis impractical, should be a bare-foot shoe, a shoe\\nvery light and soft throughout, with the least upper\\n123", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nnecessary to hold the sole in place and to hold\\nfirmly through the heel and waist of the foot,\\nacross the instep and permitting thorough ven-\\ntilation and perfect freedom of play to the muscles\\nof the ankle, instep, ball of foot, and toes. The\\nlight, flexible sole should conform accurately to the\\nsize and shape of the sole of the bare foot when\\nsustaining the body s full weight upon its well-\\nspread ball and toes its width and shape should\\nencourage the normal, straight lying great toe, the\\nspread and free separation of small toes with plenty\\nof room at the side for the normal development\\nand use of the almost obsolete little toe all back\\nof the ball of the foot, through the centre sole,\\ninstep, and heel, the shoe should fit as snugly as\\nis comfortable when fastened and held close to\\nthe foot. There should be no artificial heel of\\nany kind, no slightest deviation in thickness of\\nsole.\\nThe straight lying of the great toe and the\\n124", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nstraight tread necessary to save time and energy\\nusually lost in turning out the toes, are best se-\\ncured not by excessively incurved shoes, but by\\nrational use of the foot in walking. A process in\\nwhich one foot treads to the right and one to the\\nleft to carry the body straight forward is obviously\\nwasteful and disordering. The false precept, heels\\ntogether, feet at right angles, and heel emphasis\\nin marching, walking, and standing, are directly\\nproductive of knock knees, of waddling, of insta-\\nbility, and of other indirect ills plainly traceable to\\nthis source. The naturally expeditious, economic\\ntread is obviously straight in the direction to be\\ntravelled, and yet its corruption has been elabo-\\nrately taught and practised for years. The body s\\ncontact with floor or earth through an unyielding\\nartificial heel, made over-prominent in position,\\nand given still more prominence by the maladjust-\\nment of the body s weight upon it, produces a dis-\\norderly concussion that scatters irritating discord\\n125", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nthrough the entire being. The wrong carrying of\\nthe weight and balance upon the heels induces the\\ndisordered throwing back of the knee joints, the\\nstraining of the pedal arch known as flat-foot it\\nnecessitates throwing the whole body out of nor-\\nmal poise, and is an insurmountable obstacle to\\ngood walking and fine carriage.\\nHardly have feet been thoroughly conformed to\\nthe unnatural shapes and uses of artificially con-\\ntrived shoes, before the bodily disorder begins to\\nspread. Upon a conventionalized base of support,\\nwith all of its dependent motion impaired and\\nperverted, the standard of natural beauty and\\ncomfort for the superstructure of the body begins\\nto deteriorate. If beauty of motion is spoiled at\\nthe foot for the caprice of an idle fashion, the\\nonly compensation is to satisfy the utmost demand\\nof that standard throughout the body so the evil\\nspreads toward general artificiality, degradation of\\ntype, and personal defeat. To restrict or weaken\\n126", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nthe motion of the intercostal muscular region by\\ntight or stiff clothing breaks the continuity of\\nstrength and order and beauty of motion waves\\nthat should flow unbrokenly from head to feet,\\nand back from feet to head and hands. When\\nthis natural harmony is interrupted, the normal\\nstrength and grace of the body are destroyed and\\nno mincing or posturing, wriggling of hips, gro-\\ntesque tilt or vulgar swagger, can ever replace that\\ngreatest power of charm. The spell of normal\\nbodily freedom thus broken, the trussing of ribs,\\nchest, shoulders, head, and arms, gives sad finish-\\ning touches to the work of destruction and there\\nis no more possibility for such a human contrivance\\nto walk finely, talk well, or move beautifully, than\\nthere is for paper flowers to grow in the sun, bend\\nto the wind, give to the storm, and scatter\\nfragrance.\\nA cultured, well-poised body carried or held by\\nthe free, firm, elastic tread on the mobile ball of\\n127", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\na well-directed foot will yield elegance of bearing,\\ndignity of natural grace, and harmony of self-\\npossession well worth developing. Nor is the\\nbody the only recipient of gain in this process of\\nevolution. Appreciating the inevitable depend-\\nence of the strength, the equilibrium and sym-\\nmetry of every structure upon the adequacy and\\nefficiency of that structure s relation to its base of\\nsupport, it is easy to realize how seriously de-\\nformed human feet endanger the strength of\\nhuman health, the equilibrium of human thought,\\nand the symmetry of human kindliness. A mo-\\nment s reminiscence of experiences with hurting\\nfeet, their prompt and unfailing effects of total dis-\\ncouragement, loss of interest, and reckless irrita-\\nbility, should establish personal conviction of the\\nforce of relation between the condition and use\\nof feet and the condition and use of the mind and\\nspirit that they support.\\nThe practice of right walking and good carriage\\n128", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nleads to perfecting other habits of ordinary service,\\nsuch as the habit of running readily and safely, of\\nunhurtful climbing, of easily going up and down\\nstairs, of the unstrained lifting and holding of\\nchildren, and of such well-ordered sitting and\\nrising as shall always yield reactive refresh-\\nment.\\nSo soon as instinctive habits of poise and order\\nof motion are reliably established, throwing of\\nmedicine balls, weighing from one to five\\npounds, is one of the most beautiful gymnastics\\nfor exercising balance and control of motion. In\\nthrowing from different starting points and in\\ndifferent ways, all the muscles of the body may\\nbe stretched and strengthened. The body should\\nnever rest nor move out of poise, nor out of com-\\nprehensive successive order. No gymnastic better\\ncorrelates accuracy of aim with forceful, orderly\\neconomic co-ordination of action from eye to feet\\nand from feet to finger-tips. For quickening\\n9 129", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nco-ordination, hand-ball is a gymnastic of most in-\\nteresting value. But any ball-playing becomes\\nwasteful demoralization when used in disregard\\nor violation of highest motional law.\\nHabit of instinctive recuperative relaxation from\\nany point of exertion is an important element in\\nevery step of exercise. It is a practical insurance\\nagainst over-strain, confusion, and defeat.\\nThen there are habits of social grace to be con-\\nsidered habits of so extending a hand to proffer\\nor receive a courtesy, that it carries with it clear\\nand full expression of appreciation, sincerity, and\\nkindliness; habits of bowing, to friends, to\\nauthority, to ceremony, or to greatness, with\\ndefinite and easy command of appropriate meas,\\nure and degree, whether of courteous recognition,\\ncourteous acknowledgment, courteous conformity,\\nor courteous reverence. There are habits of dance,\\ntoo, that express real beauty with true ease and\\ngenuine joyousness.\\n130", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nClosely related to this degree of motion culture\\nbelongs its parallel education of speech.\\nThe training progresses from breathing exercises,\\nenunciation and articulation exercise in accurately\\nshaping well-produced, well-placed, well-modulated\\ntones into clear musical consonant and vowel\\nsounds, and smoothly blending them into words\\nand phrases, to the orderly practice of emphasis\\nand inflection as they relate to the expression of\\nword, phrase, and stanza using such literature as\\nshall instil habits of interesting, pictorial, atmos-\\npheric, and inspiring conversation.\\nThe entire work of development thus far,\\nthroughout all its deviations, has had a perfectly\\ncoherent trend of inducing and establishing habits\\nof harmonious blending of normal vigor, normal\\nintelligence, and normal grace, in the fullest use\\nof instinct and expression of motion and speech\\nthroughout the normal conduct of life.\\nBy such habits of natural economy, body, mind,\\n131", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nand spirit may be kept normally attuned in their\\ncoactive relations to life. Their naturalness, bril-\\nliancy, and charm that are looked for only in\\nyouth may be conserved, and age may yield so\\nmuch richer and finer harmonies of personality,\\nthat growing old becomes joyful instead of dole-\\nful. Such premature decay as is now the sorry\\nrule, marks ravages of wastefully discordant liv-\\ning, not of time, time never worked so ruth-\\nlessly, so cruelly, nor so unbeautifully.\\nIn the legitimate accord of human growth,\\nhuman education, and human expression, life\\ngains clearer meaning, firmer trend, and sweeter\\nmelody social intercourse becomes magnetic, and\\nbeing expands,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 not into uniform power nor\\naverage ability, but into individual genius, normal\\ncharacter, and general harmony.\\nFrom the plane of practical affairs the work\\nleads naturally and easily to mastering the oppor-\\ntunities, requirements, and graces of expression in\\n132", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nthe arts. There should be no jar, no loss nor\\ndiscord, in the transition from educated normal\\nspeech and conduct to variously adapted artistic\\nexpression, to public reading and speaking,\\nto acting, singing, painting, modelling, as well\\nas to leading in society and in affairs, or to\\nteaching.\\nMotion culture seems to charm children from\\nrudeness to gentleness, from weakness to health.\\nHabits of unhappy awkwardness and violence, with\\ntheir accompaniments of shrill, rough speech, are\\nso soon forgotten that the marvel is that they ever\\nexisted. Children come quickly into their right-\\nful heritage of free, facile beauty of motion and\\ngrowth, so soon as they are liberated from\\nhabits of harmful imitation and self-consciousness.\\nOlder people form new habits somewhat less\\nquickly, but no less surely and efficiently. Any\\nself-consciousness that may exist in the habitual\\nmotion of a child or an adult, after reasonable\\n133", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\neffort toward body culture, is proof that the work\\nhas not been well done. Through faulty direction\\nor faulty execution, good motion has not become\\ninstinctive automatic second nature, and until it\\ndoes, it has not realized its possibilities of\\nculture.\\nThe inevitable influence of example upon chil-\\ndren s habits makes it most important that parents\\nand all teachers, of whatever subject, should know\\nenough of body culture to be themselves well-\\npossessed examples of personal harmony, well re-\\nlated to life and to the subject they teach, with\\nintelligent power for. wisely influencing the growth\\nof the children committed to their care. Beyond\\nthe educated body s help to teachers and parents\\nin meeting their great duties and responsibilities,\\nmotion culture means fundamental gain of pleas-\\nant profitable self-adjustment to individual work\\nand to life in general, whatever the work or the\\nsurroundings may be. It leads safely and surely\\n134", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nto all natural processes of normal expansion, poise,\\nand personal success.\\nThe problem of reducing or increasing flesh is\\na most complicated one. Its solution by unduly\\nsudden and violent measures is apt to cost too\\ngreat depletion of vital energy and the beauty of\\nwell-nourished tissues. Its safest and most satis-\\nfactory solution is through a very gradual process\\nof stimulation of energy, elimination of waste,\\neconomy of diet, reasonable exercise, and the\\nfinal substitution of firm, sound muscle for flabby\\nbulk. Any degree of size and weight that is\\nnecessary and useful may be carried with ease\\nand elegance, if it be carried in fine poise and\\nwith good motion.\\nSome salient points of improvement in advanced\\ngymnastic training are\\n1. Securing and forming the habit of constant\\noxygenation commensurate with exertion, by radi-\\ncal training in breathing.\\n135", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\n2. Stimulating and aiding prompt and thorough\\nelimination of waste by good breathing, internal\\nand external use of water to stimulate and relieve\\nthe action of excretory organs and the skin.\\n3. Learning to command and control instinctive,\\nco-ordinate relaxation, as a damper upon individ-\\nual strain and stress.\\n4. The including of diction, the use of the\\nbreath, tone production, culture of the vocal organs\\nand habits of speech, as an essential part of\\nbodily education.\\n5. Respect for the natural successive order of\\nmotion.\\n6. Respect for the natural time and rhythm of\\nmotion.\\n7. Respect for fitness and beauty in shape, di-\\nrection, or quality of motion.\\n8. Recognition of the relation of force to the\\nother qualities, time and shape, of motion.\\n9. The developing of unimpaired harmony of\\n136", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "THE IDEAL GYMNASIUM\\nco-ordination throughout all bodily motion and\\nrelation.\\n10. The consideration of motion as a primary\\nand persisting force of expression and education.\\nGymnastic art, the art of educating normal\\ninstinct and normal habits of being and conduct,\\nif its training be thoroughly well done, neither\\ngives nor leaves anything to be undone nor cast\\naside.\\nThe ideal gymnasium, in its work of general\\ndevelopment towards normal personal balance,\\nthrough the culture of instinct and expression,\\nproduces harmonious growth of strength, facility,\\nand economy in normal living and learning and\\nenjoying, proportinate to the instinctive right and\\ncraving of every normal human being. This re-\\nsults in happier power than many years of ill-\\nbalanced special training can give, while at the\\nsame time it lays the best foundation for any\\ndesired specialization.\\n137", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "COMFORT AND EXERCISE\\nThe education of motion and speech is funda-\\nmental art training, whose principles and methods\\nare correlative to the principles and methods of\\ntrue growth, with fullest usefulness and beauty,\\nthrough all art and all life.\\nMoonshine, Twilight Park, N. Y.\\nAugust, 1900.\\n138", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3876", "width": "2895", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4808", "width": "3389", "jp2-path": "comfortexercise00king_0152.jp2"}}