{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4055", "width": "2466", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS.\\nChap. Copyright No.-_-^___\\nShelf___.H_6\\n^60\\nUNITED STATES OF AMERICA.", "height": "4032", "width": "2388", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4032", "width": "2388", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4032", "width": "2388", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4032", "width": "2388", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4032", "width": "2388", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "HENRY FIELDING\\nA MEMOIR", "height": "4032", "width": "2388", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4063", "width": "2278", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4063", "width": "2278", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4063", "width": "2278", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4063", "width": "2278", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "Hemy Fielding.", "height": "4063", "width": "2278", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "Henry Fielding\\nA MEMOIR\\nBY\\nAUSTIN DOBSON\\nREVISED AND ENLARGED EDITION\\nNEW YORK\\nDODD, MEAD AND COMPANY\\nPublishers", "height": "4063", "width": "2278", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "t o;ii5o\\n^Vv. t-nt.^ hut WED\\nOCT 24 1900\\n\u00c2\u00ab.a.J)r.WAr )rr.V..\\n9\u00c2\u00ab0fc\u00c2\u00ab DIVISION,\\nr; ov 21 i:;Ou\\nCopyright, 1900\\nby\\nDoDD, Mead Company", "height": "4063", "width": "2278", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "PREFACE\\nTT was the doctrine of Voltaire that an author\\nshould continue to correct his writings as long\\nas possible. In the present reprint of my Memoir\\nof Henry -Fielding, I have endeavoured to obey\\nthis teaching. I have gone through the book\\nonce more, verifying its statements anew, and\\nadding, either in the text or as notes, those sparse\\nfragments of fresh information which have come\\nto my knowledge since it was first prepared. I\\ntrust that it now represents, accurately, and in\\ncompact form, the bulk of what is known to be\\ntrustworthy concerning the great man whom Scott\\ncalled the Father of the English Novel.\\nAustin Dobson.\\nEaling, ytme, igoo.", "height": "4063", "width": "2278", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "PREFATORY NOTE\\nTO THE FIRST EDITION OF 1883\\nFROM a critical point of view, the works of\\nFielding have received abundant examina-\\ntion at the hands of a long line of distinguished\\nwriters. Of these, the latest is by no means the\\nleast and as Mr. Leslie Stephen s brilliant stud-\\nies, in the recent ddition de luxe and the Corn-\\nhill Maga^ine^ are now in every one s hands, it is\\nperhaps no more than a wise discretion which has\\nprompted me to confine my attention more strictly\\nto the purely biographical side of the subject. In\\nthe present memoir, therefore, I have made it my\\nduty, primarily, to verify such scattered anecdotes\\nrespecting Fielding as have come down to us to\\ncorrect I hope not obtrusively a few misstate-\\nments which have crept into previous accounts\\nand to add such supplementary details as I have\\nbeen able to discover for myself.\\nIn this task I have made use of the following\\nauthorities\\n1 This was written in 1883.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 P. T. O.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "viii Prefatory Note\\nI. Arthur Murphy s Essay on the Life and\\nGenius of Henry Fielding, Esq. This was pre-\\nfixed to the first collected edition of Fielding s\\nworks published by Andrew Millar in April, 1762\\nand it continued for a long time to be the recog-\\nnised authority for Fielding s life. It is possible\\nthat it fairly reproduces his personality, as pre-\\nsented by contemporary tradition but it is mis-\\nleading in its facts, and needlessly diffuse. Un-\\nder pretence of respecting the Manes of the\\ndead, the writer seems to have found it pleas-\\nanter to fill his space with vagrant discussions on\\nthe Middle Comedy of the Greeks and the\\nmachinery of the Rape of the Lock, than to make\\nthe requisite biographical inquiries. This is the\\nmore to be deplored, because, in 1762, Fielding s\\nwidow, brother, and sister, as well as his friend\\nLyttelton, were still alive, and trustworthy infor-\\nmation should have been procurable.\\nII. William Watson s Life of Henry Fielding,\\nEsq. This is usually to be found prefixed to a\\nselection of Fielding s works issued at Edinburgh.\\nIt also appeared as a volume in 1807, although\\nthere is no copy of it in this form at the British\\nMuseum. It carries Murphy a little farther, and\\ncorrects him in some instances. But its author\\nhad clearly never even seen the Miscellanies of\\n1743, with their valuable Preface, for he speaks", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "Prefatory Note ix\\nof them as one volume, and in apparent ignorance\\nof their contents.\\nIII. Sir Walter Scott s biographical sketch for\\nBallantyne s Novelist s Library. This was pub-\\nlished in 182 1 and is now included in the writ-\\ner s Miscellaneous Prose Works. Sir Walter made\\nno pretence to original research, and even spoke\\nslightingly of this particular effort but it has all\\nthe charm of his practised and genial pen.\\nIV. Roscoe s Memoir, compiled for the one-\\nvolume edition of Fielding, published by Wash-\\nbourne and others in 1840.\\nV. Thackeray s well-known lecture, in the Eng-\\nlish Humourists of the Eighteenth Century^ 1853.\\nVI. The Life of Henry Fielding with Notices\\nof his Writings, his Times, and his Contempora-\\nries. By Frederick Lawrence. 1855. This is\\nan exceedingly painstaking book and constitutes\\nthe first serious attempt at a biography. Its chief\\ndefect as pointed out at the time of its appear-\\nance is an ill-judged emulation of Forster s\\nGoldsmith, The author attempted to make Field-\\ning a literary centre, which is impossible and\\nthe attempt has involved him in needless digres-\\nsions. He is also not always careful to give\\nchapter and verse for his statements.\\nVII. Thomas Keightley s papers On the Life\\nand Writings of Henry Fielding in Eraser s Mag-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "X Prefatory Note\\na {ine for January and February, 1859. These,\\nprompted by Mr. Lawrence s book, are most\\nvaluable, if only for the author s frank distrust of\\nhis predecessors. They are the work of an en-\\nthusiast, and a very conscientious examiner. If,\\nas reported, Mr. Keightley himself meditated a\\nlife of Fielding, it is much to be regretted that\\nhe never carried out his intentions.^\\nUpon the two works last mentioned, I have\\nchiefly relied in the preparation of his study. I\\nhave freely availed myself of the material that\\nboth authors collected, verifying it always, and\\nextending it wherever I could. Of my other\\nsources of information pamphlets, reviews,\\nmemoirs, and newspapers of the day the list\\nwould be too long and sufficient references to\\nthem are generally given in the body of the text.\\nI will only add that I think there is scarcely a\\nquotation of importance in these pages which has\\nnot been compared with the original and, ex-\\ncept where otherwise stated, all extracts from\\nFielding himself are taken from the first editions.\\nAt this distance of time, new facts respect-\\ning a man of whom so little has been recorded,\\nrequire to be announced with considerable cau-\\nSee Appendix I., which shows that Mr. Keightley had\\nmade some progress in this direction before he died in 1872.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094P. T. O.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "Prefatory Note xi\\ntion. Some definite additions to Fielding lore I\\nhave, however, been enabled to make. Thanks\\nto the late Colonel J. L. Chester, who was en-\\ngaged, only a few weeks before his death, in\\nfriendly investigations on my behalf, I am able to\\ngive, for the first time, the date and place of\\nFielding s second marriage, and the baptismal\\ndates of all the children by that marriage, except\\nthe eldest. I am also able to fix a true period of\\nhis love-affair with Miss Sarah Andrew. From\\nthe original assignment at South Kensington I\\nhave ascertained the exact sum paid by Millar for\\nJoseph Andrews and in chapter v. will be found\\na series of extracts from a very interesting cor-\\nrespondence, which does not appear to have been\\nhitherto published, between Aaron Hill, his\\ndaughters, and Richardson respecting Tom\\nJones. Although I cannot claim credit for the\\ndiscovery, I believe the present is also the first\\nbiography of Fielding which entirely discredits\\nthe unlikely story of his having been a stroller at\\nBartholomew Fair and I may also, I think,\\nclaim to have thrown some additional light on\\nFielding s relations with the Cibbers, seeing that\\nthe last critical essay upon the author of the\\nApology which I have met with, contains no ref-\\nerence to Fielding at all. For such minor nov-\\nelties as the passage from the Universal Spectator", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "xii Prefatory Note\\nat p. 36, and the account of the projected trans-\\nlation of Lucian at p. 226, etc., the reader is re-\\nferred to the book itself, where these, and other\\nwaifs and strays, are duly indicated. If, in my\\nendeavour to secure what is freshest, I have at\\nthe same time neglected a few stereotyped quota-\\ntions, which have hitherto seemed indispensable\\nin writing of Fielding, I trust I may be forgiven.\\nBrief as it is, the book has not been without\\nits obligations. To Mr. R. F. Sketchley, Keeper\\nof the Dyce and Forster Collections at South\\nKensington, I am indebted for reference to the\\nHill correspondence, and for other kindly offices\\nto Mr. Frederick Locker for permission to col-\\nlate Fielding s last letter with the original in his\\npossession. My thanks are also due to Mr. R.\\nArthur Kinglake, J. P., of Taunton to the Rev.\\nEdward Hale of Eton College, the Rev. G. C.\\nGreen of Modbury, Devon, the Rev. W. S.\\nShaw of Twerton-on-Avon, and Mr. Richard\\nGarnett of the British Museum. Without some\\nexpression of gratitude to the last mentioned, it\\nwould indeed be almost impossible to conclude\\nany modern preface of this kind. If I have\\nomitted the names of others who have been good\\nenough to assist me, I must ask them to accept\\nmy acknowledgments although they are not spe-\\ncifically expressed. A. D.\\nEaling, March^ 1883.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "Prefatory Note xiii\\nPREFATORY NOTE\\nTO THE SECOND EDITION OF 1 889\\nI have taken advantage of the present issue to\\nadd, in the form of Appendices, some supple-\\nmentary particulars which have come to my\\nknowledge since the book was first published.\\nThe most material of these is the curious confir-\\nmation and extension of Fielding s love affair\\nwith Sarah Andrew. Besides these additions, a\\nfew necessary rectifications have been made in the\\ntext. A. D.\\nEaling, April, 1889.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER I\\nPAGE\\nAncestry and birth (20 April, 1707); the Fielding fam-\\nily education life at Eton episode of Sarah\\nAndrew; at Leyden; in London; the stage of\\n1728; Love in Several Masques 1728; minor\\npoems, The Temple Beau, 1730 The Author s\\nFarce f 1730 more comedies and farces; Tom\\nThumb, 1730; The Mock Doctor, \\\\*JZ 2.\\\\ The Miser\\n1733, town life I\\nCHAPTER H\\nFielding and Timothy Fielding The Intriguing Cham-\\nbermaid, 1734 The Author^ s Farce revived, 1734\\nTheophilus Gibber Don Quixote in England,\\n1734; a farce and a comedy; marriage, 1735\\nMiss Charlotte Cradock love-poems life at East\\nStour the Great Mogul s Gompany Pasquin,\\n1736 plot, incidents and extracts The Historical\\nRegister, 1737; the Licensing Act; Fielding as a\\nplaywright 38\\nCHAPTER HI\\nBecomes a student of the Middle Temple, i November,\\n1737; law and letters; the Champion, 1739-40\\nits themes attack in Gibber s Apology reply", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "xvi Contents\\nPAGE\\nthereto; Tryal of Colley Cibber^ Comedian; Field-\\ning and Gibber; called to the Bar, 20 June, 1740\\nminor writings travels Western Circuit Richard-\\nson s Pamela; Joseph Andrews, February, 1742;\\nParson Abraham Adams other personages of the\\nbook details and descriptions personal portrai-\\nture; plan of novel; Richardson and Gray; as-\\nsignment to Millar 81\\nCHAPTER IV\\nVindication of the Duchess of Marlborough, March,\\n1742; Miss Lucy in Town, May; Plutus, the God\\nof Riches, May Pope and Fielding Garrick and\\nThe Wedding Day Macklin s prologue the Mis-\\ncellanies, April, 1743; Essays, On Conversa-\\ntion On the Characters of Men A Journey\\nfrom this World to the Next Jonathan Wild\\ndomestic history, and death of Mrs. Fielding,\\n1743 Lady Louisa Stuart s account; Mr.\\nKeightley s comments prefaces to David Simple\\nand Familiar Letters; the True Patriot, 1745,\\nand the Jacobite s Journal, 1747 tribute to Rich-\\nardson; second marriage, 27 November, 1747;\\nJustice of Peace for Westminster and Middlesex,\\nDecember, 1748 121\\nCHAPTER V\\nFielding and Joseph Warton making of the master-\\npiece means of existence Tom Jones published,\\n28 February, 1749; a New Province of Writ-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "Contents xvii\\nPAGE\\ningj construction of the plot; the characters;\\nSquire Western other persons of the drama Tom\\nJones himself; the author s humour, irony, human-\\nity reception of the book Richardson and Aaron\\nHill s daughters translators and illustrators adap-\\ntations for the stage i6i\\nCHAPTER VI\\nA visit to Justice Fielding chairman of Quarter Ses-\\nsions, 12 May, 1749; charge to the Westminster\\nGrand Jury, 29 June case of Bosavern Penlez,\\nJuly Enquiry iyito the Causes of the late Increase\\nof Robbers^ January, 175 1 the Glastonbury waters\\npublication of Amelia^ 19 December; its charac-\\nteristics its characters and heroine her portrait\\nthe author s apology for his book Richardson on\\nFielding; the Covent Garden Journal, 1752; pro-\\nposals for translating Lucian; Examples of the\\nInterposition of Providence April, 1752; Proposal\\nfor the Poor, January, 1753; Case of Elizabeth\\nCanning-f March 200\\nCHAPTER VII\\nThe beginning of the end; poor law projects; Journal\\nof a Voyage to Lisbon scheme for the prevention\\nof robberies, etc.; failing health; magisterial\\nduties; sets out for Lisbon, 26 June, 1754; inci-\\ndents of journey; a riding surveyor; letter to\\nJohn Fielding Captain Richard Veal and others", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "xviii Contents\\nPAGE\\nreaches Lisbon, 14 August; dies there, 8 October;\\nhis tomb and epitaph his portrait his character\\nhis work 233\\nPostscript 267\\nAppendix No. I Fielding and Sarah Andrew 277\\nAppendix No. II Fielding and Mrs. Hussey 286\\nAppendix No. Ill: Fielding s will 291\\nAppendix No. IV: Extracts from Journal of a Voy-\\nage to Lisbon 293\\nIndex 307", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "HENRY FIELDING\\nA MEMOIR\\nCHAPTER I\\nAncestry and birth (20 April, 1707); the Fielding family;\\neducation; life at Eton; episode of Sarah Andrew; at\\nLey den; in London; the stage of 1728; Love in Several\\nMasques, 1728; minor poems, The Temple Beau, 1730;\\nThe Author s Farce, 17 30; more comedies and farces;\\nTom Thumb, 1730 The Mock Doctor, 1732; The Miser,\\n1733, town life.\\nT IKE his contemporary Smollett, Henry\\nFielding came of an ancient family, and\\nmight, in his Horatian moods, have traced his\\norigin to Inachus. The lineage of the house of\\nDenbigh as given in Burke fully justifies the\\nsplendid, if now discredited, eulogy of Gibbon.^\\n1 From the edition of Gibbon s Aiitobiographies, published\\nby Murray in 1896, it seems that this famous appreciation\\nwas only a fragment, not inserted in any of the different\\nversions. It runs as follows Our immortal Fielding\\nwas of a younger branch of the Earls of Denbigh, who\\nI", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "2 Henry Fielding\\nBut even without going back to that first\\nGeoffrey of Hapsburgh, who, according to the\\ntime-honoured story, came to England, temp,\\nHenry III., and assumed the name of Fieldeng,\\nor Filding, *from his father s pretensions to the\\ndominions of Lauffenbourg and Rinfilding the\\nfuture novelist could boast a long line of illustri-\\nous ancestors. There was a Sir William Feild-\\ning killed at Tewkesbury, and a Sir Everard who\\nhad commanded at Stoke. Another Sir William,\\na staunch Royalist, was created Earl of Denbigh,\\ndraw their origin from the counts of Hapsburgh, the lineal\\ndescendants of Ethico in the Seventh Century, Duke of\\nAlsace. Far different have been the fortunes of the Eng-\\nlish and German divisions of the family of Hapsburgh.\\nThe former, the knights and sheriffs of Leicestershire, have\\nslowly risen to the dignity of a peerage the latter, the\\nEmperors of Germany and Kings of Spain, have threatened\\nthe liberty of the Old and invaded the treasures of the New\\nWorld. The successors of Charles the Fifth may disdain\\ntheir humble brethren of England: but the Romance of\\nTom Jones, that exquisite picture of human manners, will\\noutlive the palace of the Escurial and the Imperial Eagle\\nof the house of Austria. (p. 419.)\\nThe illustrious author of the Decline and Fall, were he\\nstill alive, would probably be disconcerted to learn that\\nmodern genealogists are by no means satisfied as to the re-\\nlations of the Denbighs and Hapsburghs. (See The Gene-\\nalogist, New Series, for April, 1894, where this question is\\nexhaustively examined by Mr. J. H. Round.)", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 3\\nand died in fighting King Charles s battles. Of\\nhis two sons, the elder, Basil, who succeeded to\\nthe title, was a Parliamentarian, and had served\\nat Edgehill under Essex. George, his second\\nson, was raised to the peerage of Ireland as Vis-\\ncount Callan, with succession to the earldom of\\nDesmond and from this, the younger branch of\\nthe Denbigh family, Henry Fielding directly de-\\nscended. The Earl of Desmond s fifth son,\\nJohn, entered the Church, becoming Canon of\\nSalisbury and Chaplain to William III. By his\\nwife Bridget, daughter of Scipio Cockain, Esq.,\\nof Somerset, he had three sons and three daugh-\\nters. Edmund, the third son, was a soldier, who\\nfought with distinction under Marlborough.\\nWhen about the age of thirty, he married Sarah,\\ndaughter of Sir Henry Gould, Knt., of Sharp-\\nham Park, near Glastonbury, in Somerset, and\\none of the Judges of the King s Bench. These\\nlast were the parents of the novelist, who was\\nborn at Sharpham Park on the 22d of April, 1707.\\nOne of Dr. John Fielding s nieces, it may here\\nbe added, married the first Duke of Kingston,\\nbecoming the mother of Lady Mary Pierrepont,\\nafterwards Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, who\\nwas thus Henry Fielding s second cousin. She\\nhad, however, been born in 1689, and was conse-\\nquently some years his senior.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "4 Henry Fielding\\nAccording to a pedigree given in Nichols\\n(History and Antiquities of the County of Lei-\\ncester), Edmund Fielding was only a lieutenant\\nwhen he married and it is even not improbable\\n(as Mr. Keightley conjectures from the nearly\\nsecret union of Lieutenant Booth and Amelia in\\nthe later novel) that the match may have been a\\nstolen one. At all events, the bride continued to\\nreside at her father s house and the fact that\\nSir Henry Gould, by his will made in March,\\n1706, left his daughter ;2^3,ooo, which was to be\\ninvested in the purchase either of a Church or\\nCoUedge lease, or of lands of Inheritance/ for\\nher sole use, her husband having nothing to\\ndoe with it/ would seem (as Mr. Keightley sug-\\ngests) to indicate a distrust of his military, and\\npossibly impecunious, son-in-law. This money,\\nit is also important to remember, was to come to\\nher children at her death. Sir Henry Gould did\\nnot long survive the making of his will, and died\\nin March, 1710.^ The Fieldings must then have\\nremoved to a small house at East Stour (now\\nStower), in Dorsetshire, where Sarah Fielding\\n1 Mr. Keightley, who seems to have seen the will, dates\\nit doubtless by a slip of the pen May, 1708. Reference\\nto the original, however, now at Somerset House, shows\\nthe correct date to be March 8, 1706, before which time the\\nmarriage of Fielding s parents must therefore be placed.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 5\\nwas born in the following November. It may\\nbe that this property was purchased with Mrs.\\nFielding s money but information is wanting\\nupon the subject. At East Stour, according to\\nthe extracts from the parish register given in\\nHutchins s Hisiory of Dorset^ four children were\\nborn, namiCly, Sarah, above mentioned, after-\\nwards the authoress of David Simple^ Anne,\\nBeatrice, and another son, Edmund. Edmund,\\nsays Arthur Murphy, was an officer in the\\nmarine service, and (adds Mr. Lawrence)\\ndied young. Anne died at East Stour in\\nAugust, 1716. Of Beatrice nothing further is\\nknown. These would appear to have been all\\nthe children of Edmund Fielding by his first\\nwife, although, as Sarah Fielding is styled on\\nher monument at* Bath the second daughter of\\nGeneral Fielding, it is not impossible that another\\ndaughter may have been born at Sharpham\\nPark.\\nAt East Stour the Fieldings certainly resided\\nuntil April, 1718, when Mrs. Fielding died, leav-\\ning her elder son a boy of not quite eleven years\\n1 He was alive in 1743, for his name appears in a list of\\nColonel James Cochran s Regiment of Marines printed at\\np. 25 of The Whitefoord Papers, 1898. Fielding refers to\\nhim in The Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon, 1755, P*\\nfirst issue.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "6 Henry Fielding\\nof age. How much longer the family remained\\nthere is unrecorded but it is clear that a great\\npart of Henry Fielding s childhood must have\\nbeen spent by the pleasant Banks of sweetly-\\nwinding Stour which passes through it, and to\\nwhich he subsequently refers in Tom Jones, His\\neducation during this time was confided to a cer-\\ntain Mr. Oliver, whom Lawrence designates the\\nfamily chaplain. Keightley supposes that he\\nwas the curate of East Stour but Hutchins, a\\nbetter authority than either, says that he was the\\nclergyman of Motcombe, a neighbouring village.\\nOf this gentleman, according to Murphy, Parson\\nTrulliber in Joseph Andrews is a very humorous\\nand striking portrait. It is certainly more hu-\\nmorous than complimentary.\\nFrom Mr. Oliver s fosterin^g care and the\\nresult shows that, whatever may have been the\\npig-dealing propensities of Parson Trulliber, it\\nwas not entirely profitless Fielding was trans-\\nferred to Eton. When this took place is not\\nknown but at that time boys entered the school\\nmuch earlier than they do now, and it was prob-\\nably not long after his mother s death. The\\nEton boys were then, as at present, divided into\\ncollegers and oppidans. There are no registers\\nof oppidans before the end of the last century\\nbut the Provost of Eton has been good enough", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 7\\nto search the college lists from 171 5 to 1735,\\nthere is no record of any Henry Fielding, nor\\nindeed of any Fielding at all. It may therefore\\nbe concluded that he was an oppidan. No par-\\nticulars of his stay at Eton have come down to\\nus but it is to be presumed Murphy s statement\\nthat, when he left the place, he was said to be\\nuncommonly versed in the Greek authors, and an\\nearly master of the Latin classics, is not made\\nwithout foundation.^ We have also his own au-\\nthority (in Tom Jones) for supposing that he oc-\\ncasionally, if not frequently, sacrificed with\\ntrue Spartan devotion at the birchen Altar,\\nof which a representation is to be found in Sir\\nMaxwell Lyte s history of the College.^ And it\\nmay fairly be inferred that he took part in the\\ndifferent sports and pastimes of the day, such as\\nConquering Lobs, Steal baggage. Chuck, Stare-\\ncaps, and so forth. Nor does it need any strong\\neffort of imagination to conclude that he bathed\\nin Sandy hole or Cuckow ware, attended\\nthe cock-fights in Bedford s Yard and the bull-\\nbaiting in Bachelor s Acre, drank mild punch at\\n1 Fielding s own words in the verses to Walpole some\\nyears later scarcely go so far\\nTuscan and French are in my Head\\nLatin I write, and Greek I read.\\nHistory of Eton College, 1875, P* 374*", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "8 Henry Fielding\\nthe ^^Christopher/ and, no doubt, was occa-\\nsionally brought back by Jack Cutler, Pursui-\\nvant of Runaways, to make his explanations to\\nDr. Bland the Head-Master, or Francis Goode\\nthe Usher. Among his school-fellows were\\nsome who subsequently attained to high dignities\\nin the State, and still remained his friends. Fore-\\nmost of these was George Lyttelton, later the\\nstatesman and orator, who had already com-\\nmenced poet as an Eton boy with his Soliloquy\\nof a Beauty in the Country. Another was the\\nfuture Sir Charles Hanbury Williams, the wit and\\nsquib-writer, then known as Charles Hanbury\\nonly. A third was Thomas Winnington, for\\nwhom, in after years. Fielding fought hard with\\nbrain and pen when Tory scribblers assailed his\\nmemory. Of those who must be regarded as\\ncontemporaries merely, were William Pitt, the\\nGreat Commoner, and yet greater Earl of Chat-\\nham Henry Fox, Lord Holland; and Charles\\nPratt, Earl Camden. Gilbert West, the transla-\\ntor of Pindar, may also have been at Eton in\\nFielding s time, as he was only a year older, and\\nwas intimate with Lyttelton. Thomas Augus-\\ntine Arne, again, famous in days to come as Dr.\\nArne^ was doubtless also at this date practising\\nsedulously upon that miserable cracked com-\\nmon flute, with which tradition avers he was", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 9\\nwont to torment his school-fellows. Gray and\\nHorace Walpole belong to a later period.\\nDuring his stay at Eton, Fielding had been rap-\\nidly developing from a boy into a young man.\\nWhen he left school it is impossible to say but\\nhe was probably seventeen or eighteen years of\\nage, and it is at this stage of his career that must\\nbe fixed an occurrence which one of his biogra-\\nphers places much farther on. This is his earliest\\nrecorded love-affair. At Lyme Regis there re-\\nsided a young lady, who, in addition to great per-\\nsonal charms, had the advantage of being the\\nonly daughter and heiress of one Solomon An-\\ndrew, deceased, a merchant of considerable local\\nreputation. Lawrence says that she was Field-\\ning s cousin. This may be so but the state-\\nment is unsupported by any authority. It is cer-\\ntain, however, that her father was dead, and that\\nshe was living in maiden meditation at Lyme\\nwith one of her guardians, Mr. Andrew Tucker.\\nIn his chance visits to that place, young Fielding\\nappears to have become desperately enamoured\\nof her, and to have sadly fluttered the Dorset\\ndovecotes by his pertinacious and undesirable at-\\ntentions. At one time he seems to have actually\\nmeditated the abduction of his flame, for an\\nentry in the town archives, discovered by Mr.\\nGeorge Roberts, sometime Mayor of Lyme, who", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "lo Henry Fielding\\ntells the story, declares that Andrew Tucker, Esq.,\\nwent in fear of his life owing to the behaviour\\nof Henry Fielding and his attendant, or man/\\nSuch a state of things (especially when guardians\\nhave sons of their own) is clearly not to be en-\\ndured and Miss Andrew was prudently trans-\\nferred to the care of another guardian, Mr.\\nRhodes of Modbury, in South Devon, to whose\\nson, a young gentleman of Oxford, she was\\npromptly married. Burke {Landed Gentry, 1858)\\ndates the marriage in 1726, a date which is prac-\\ntically confirmed by the baptism of a child at Mod-\\nbury in April of the following year. Burke further\\ndescribes the husband as Mr. Ambrose Rhodes\\nof Buckland House, Buckland-Tout-Saints.\\nHis son, Mr. Rhodes of Bellair, near Exeter,\\nwas gentleman of the Privy Chamber to George\\nHI.; and one of his descendants possessed a\\npicture which passed for the portrait of Sophia\\nWestern. The tradition of the Tucker family\\npointed to Miss Andrew as the original of Field-\\ning s heroine but though such a supposition is\\nintelligible, it is untenable, since he says distinctly\\n(Book XHI. chap. i. of Tom Jones) that his\\nmodel was his first wife, whose likeness he more-\\nover draws very specifically in another place,\\nby declaring that she resembled Margaret\\nCecil, Lady Ranelagh, and, more nearly, the", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "A Memoir ii\\nfamous Duchess of Mazarine, Hortensia Man-\\ncini.-^\\nWith this early escapade is perhaps to be con-\\nnected what seems to have been one of Fielding s\\nearliest literary efforts. This is a modernisation\\nin burlesque octosyllabic verse of part of Juvenal s\\nsixth satire. In the Preface to the later pub-\\nlished Miscellanies y it is said to have been orig-\\ninally sketched out before he was Twenty, and\\nto have constituted all the Revenge taken by\\nan injured Lover. But it must have been largely\\nrevised subsequent to that date, for it contains\\nreferences to Mrs. Clive, Mrs. WofRngton, Gib-\\nber the younger, and even to Richardson s\\nPamela, It has no special merit, although some\\nof the couplets have the true Swiftian turn. If\\nMurphy s statement be correct, that the author\\nwent from Eton to Leyden, it must have been\\nplanned at the latter place, where, he tells us in\\nthe preface to Don Quixote in England, he also\\nbegan that comedy. Notwithstanding these lit-\\nerary distractions, he is nevertheless reported to\\nhave studied the civilians **with a remarkable\\napplication for about two years. At the ex-\\npiration of this time, remittances from home fail-\\ning, he was obliged to forego the lectures of the\\nlearned Vitriarius (then professor of Civil Law\\n1 See Appendix No. I. Fielding and Sarah Andrew.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "12 Henry Fielding\\nat Leyden University), and return to London,\\nwhich he did at the beginning of 1728 or the end\\nof 1727.^\\nThe fact was that his father, never a rich man,\\nhad married again. His second wife was a\\nwidow named Eleanor Rasa and by this time he\\nwas fast acquiring a second family. Under the\\npressure of his growing cares^ he found himself,\\nhowever willing, as unable to maintain his eldest\\nson in London as he had previously been to dis-\\ncharge his expenses at Leyden. Nominally, he\\nmade him an allowance of two hundred a year\\nbut this, as Fielding himself explained, any-\\nbody might pay that would. The consequence\\nv/as, that not long after the arrival of the latter in\\nthe Metropolis he had given up all idea of pur-\\nsuing the law, to which his mother s legal con-\\nnections had perhaps first attracted him, and had\\ndetermined to adopt the more seductive occu-\\npation of living by his wits. At this date he\\nwas in the prime of youth. From the portrait by\\nHogarth representing him at a time when he was\\nbroken in health and had lost his teeth, it is diffi-\\n1 See Peacock s Index to English-speaking students who\\nhave graduated at Leydeit University 1883, p. 35, where\\nFielding s name occurs under date of 16 March, 1728; and\\nCornhill Magazine for November, 1863, A Scotchman\\nin Holland.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 13\\ncult to reconstruct his likeness at twenty. But\\nwe may fairly assume the high-arched Roman\\nnose with which his enemies reproached him,\\nthe dark eyes, the prominent chin, and the humor-\\nous expression and it is clear that he must have\\nbeen tall and vigorous, for he was over six feet\\nwhen he died, and had been remarkably strong\\nand active. Add to this that he inherited a\\nsplendid constitution, with an unlimited capacity\\nfor enjoyment, and we have a fair idea of Henry\\nFielding at that moment of his career, when with\\npassions tremblingly alive all o er as Murphy\\nsays he stood,\\nThis way and that dividing the swift mind,\\nbetween the professions of hackney-writer and\\nhackney-coachman.^ His natural bias was\\ntowards literature, and his opportunities, if not\\nhis inclinations, directed him to dramatic writing.\\nIt is not necessary to attempt any detailed\\naccount of the state of the stage at this epoch.\\nNevertheless, if only to avoid confusion in the\\nfuture, it will be well to enumerate the several\\nLondon theatres in 1728, the more especially as\\nthe list is by no means lengthy. First and fore-\\nmost there was the old Opera House in the Hay-\\n1 Letters y etc. of Lady Mary Worthy Montagu 1 86 1, ii.\\n2S0.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "14 Henry Fielding\\nmarket, built by Vanbrugh, as far back as 1705,\\nupon the site now occupied by Her Majesty s\\nTheatre. This was the home of that popular\\nItalian song which so excited the anger of\\nthorough-going Britons and here, at the begin-\\nning of 1728, they were performing HandeFs\\nopera of Siroe^ and delighting the cognoscenti by\\nDiie che fd, the echo-air in the same composer s\\nTolomeo. Opposite the Opera House, and, in\\nposition, only *a few feet distant from the\\nexisting Haymarket Theatre, was the New, or\\nLittle Theatre in the Haymarket, which, from\\nthe fact that it had been opened eight years be-\\nfore by the French Comedians, was also\\nsometimes styled the French House. Next\\ncomes the no-longer-existent theatre in Lincoln s\\nInn Fields, which Christopher Rich had rebuilt\\nin 1714, and which his son John had made\\nnotorious for pantomimes. Here the Beggar s\\nOpera, precursor of a long line of similar pro-\\nductions, had just been successfully produced.\\nFinally, most ancient of them all, there was the\\nTheatre-Royal in Drury Lane, otherwise the\\nKing s Play House, or Old House. The virtual\\npatentees at this time were the actors Colley\\nCibber, Robert Wilks, and Barton Booth. The\\ntwo former were just playing the ProvoKd Hus-\\nband, in which the famous Anne Oldfield (Pope s", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 15\\n**Narcissa had created a furore by her as-\\nsumption of Lady Townly. These, in February,\\n1728, were the four principal London theatres.\\nGoodman s Fields, where Garrick made his\\ndibut, was not opened until the following year,\\nand Covent Garden belongs to a still later date.\\nFielding s first dramatic essay or, to speak\\nmore precisely, the first of his dramatic essays\\nthat was produced upon the stage was a five-\\nact comedy entitled Love in Several Masques.\\nIt was played at Drury Lane in February, 1728,\\nsucceeding the Provoked Husband, In his\\nPreface the young author refers to the dis-\\nadvantage under which he laboured in following\\nclose upon that comedy, and also in being\\ncotemporary with an Entertainment which en-\\ngrosses the whole Talk and Admiration of the\\nTown, Le,,the Beggar s Opera. He also\\nacknowledges the kindness of Wilks and Gibber\\nprevious to its Representation, and the fact\\nthat he had thus acquired their suffrages makes it\\ndoubtful whether his stay at Leyden was not\\nreally briefer than is generally supposed, or that\\nhe left Eton much earlier. In either case he\\nmust have been in London some months before\\nLove in Several Masques appeared, for a first play\\nby an untried youth of twenty, however promis-\\ning, is not easily brought upon the boards in any", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "1 6 Henry Fielding\\nera and from his own utterances in Pasquin,\\nten years later, it is clear that it was no easier\\nthen than now. The sentiments of the Fustian\\nof that piece in the following protest probably\\ngive an accurate picture of the average dramatic\\nexperiences of Henry Fielding:\\nThese little things, Mr. Sneerwell, will sometimes hap-\\npen. Indeed a Poet undergoes a great deal before he\\ncomes to his Third Night first with the Muses, who are\\nhumorous Ladies, and must be attended for if they take it\\ninto their Head at any time to go abroad and leave you,\\nyou will pump your Brain in vain Then, Sir, with the\\nMaster of a Playhouse to get it acted, whom you generally\\nfollow a quarter of a Year before you know whether he will\\nreceive it or no and then perhaps he tells you it won t do,\\nand returns it you again, reserving the Subject, and perhaps\\nthe Name, which he brings out in his next Pantomime\\nbut if he should receive the Play, then you must attend\\nagain to get it writ out into Parts, and Rehears d. Well,\\nSir, at last the Rehearsals begin then, Sir, begins another\\nScene of Trouble with the Actors, some of whom don t like\\ntheir Parts, and all are continually plaguing you with Alter-\\nations At length, after having waded thro all these Diffi-\\nculties, his [the Play appears on the Stage, where one\\nMan Hisses out of Resentment to the Author a Second out\\nof Dislike to the House a Third out of Dislike to the\\nActor a Fourth out of Dislike to the Play a Fifth for the\\nJoke sake a Sixth to keep all the rest in Company. Ene-\\nmies abuse him, Friends give him up, the Play is damn d,\\nand the Author goes to the Devil, so ends the Farce.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 1 7\\nTo which Sneerwell replies, with much prompti-\\ntude The Tragedy rather, I think, Mr.\\nFusiianJ But whatever may have been its pre-\\nliminary difficulties, Fielding s first play was not\\nexposed to so untoward a fate. It was well re-\\nceived. As might be expected in a beginner, and\\nas indeed the references in the Preface to\\nWycherley and Congreve would lead us to ex-\\npect, it was an obvious attempt in the manner of\\nthose then all-popular writers. The dialogue is\\nready and witty. But the characters have that\\nobvious defect which Lord Beaconsfield recog-\\nnised when he spoke in later life of his own\\nearliest efforts. Books written by boys, he\\nsays, which pretend to give a picture of man-\\nners and to deal in knowledge of human nature\\nmust necessarily be founded on affectation. To\\nthis rule the personages of Love in Several\\nMasques are no exception. They are drawn rather\\nfrom the stage than from life, and there is little\\nconstructive skill in the plot. A certain booby\\nsquire, Sir Positive Trap, seems like a first indi-\\ncation of some of the later successes in the\\nnovels but the rest of the dramatis personx are\\npuppets. The success of the piece was probably\\nowing to the acting of Mrs. Oldfield, who took\\nthe part of Lady Matchless, a character closely\\nrelated to the Lady Townlys and Lady Betty", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "1 8 Henry Fielding\\nModishes, in which she won her triumphs. She\\nseems, indeed, to have been unusually interested\\nin this comedy, for she consented to play in it\\nnotwithstanding a slight Indisposition con-\\ntracted by her violent Fatigue in the Part of\\nLady Townly, and she assisted the author with\\nher corrections and advice perhaps with her\\ninfluence as an actress. Fielding s distinguished\\nkinswoman Lady Mary Wortley Montagu also\\nread the MS. Looking to certain scenes in it,\\nthe protestation in the Prologue\\nNought shall offend the Fair Ones Ears to-day,\\nWhich they might blush to hear, or blush to say\\nhas an air of insincerity, although, contrasted\\nwith some of the writer s later productions, Love\\nin Several Masques is comparatively pure. But\\nhe might honestly think that the work which had\\nreceived the approval of a stage-queen and a\\nlady of quality should fairly be regarded as mor-\\nally blameless, and it is not necessary to bring\\nany bulk of evidence to prove that the morality\\nof 1728 differed from the morality of to-day.\\nTo the last-mentioned year is ascribed a poem\\nentitled the Masquerade. Inscribed to C t\\nH d g r. By Lemuel Gulliver, Poet Laure-\\nate to the King of Lilliput. In this Fielding\\nmade his satirical contribution to the attacks on", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 19\\nthose impure gatherings organised by the noto-\\nrious Heidegger, which Hogarth had not long be-\\nfore stigmatised pictorially in the plate known to\\ncollectors as the *Marge Masquerade Ticket/\\nAs verse this performance is worthless, and it\\nis not very forcibly on the side of good manners\\nbut the ironic dedication has a certain touch of\\nFielding s later fashion. Two other poetical\\npieces, afterwards included in the Miscellanies of\\n1743, also bear the date of 1728. One is A\\nDescription of U n G (alias Neu^ Hogs Nor-\\nton) in Com, Hants, which Mr. Keightley has\\nidentified with Upton Grey, near Odiham, in\\nHampshire. It is a burlesque description of a\\ntumble-down country-house in which the writer\\nwas staying, and is addressed to Rosalinda. The\\nother is entitled To Euthalia, from which it must\\nbe concluded that, in 1728, Sarah Andrew had\\nfound more than one successor. But in spite of\\nsome biographers, and of the apparent encour-\\nagement given to his first comedy, Fielding does\\nnot seem to have followed up dramatic author-\\nship with equal vigour, or at all events with equal\\nsuccess. His real connection with the stage does\\nnot begin until January, 1730, when the Temple\\nBeau was produced by Giffard the actor at the\\ntheatre in Goodman s Fields, which had then\\njust been opened by Thomas Odell and it may", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "20 Henry Fielding\\nbe presumed that his incentive was rather want\\nof funds than desire of fame. The Temple Beau\\ncertainly shows an advance upon its predecessor\\nbut it is an advance in the same direction, imita-\\ntion of Congreve and although Geneste ranks\\nit among the best of Fielding s plays, it is doubt-\\nful whether modern criticism would sustain his\\nverdict. It ran for a short time, and was then\\nwithdrawn. The Prologue was the work of\\nJames Ralph, afterwards Fielding s colleague in\\nthe Champion^ and it thus refers to the prevailing\\ntaste. The Beggar s Opera had killed Italian\\nsong, but now anew danger had arisen,\\nHumour and Wit, in each politer Age,\\nTriumphant, rear d the Trophies of the Stage\\nBut only Farce, and Shew, will now go down,\\nAnd Ifarlegutn^sthe Darling of the Town.\\nAs if to confirm his friend s opinion, Fielding s\\nnext piece combined the popular ingredients\\nabove referred to. In March following he pro-\\nduced at the Haymarket, under the pseudonym of\\nScriblerus Secundus, The Author s Farce, with a\\nPuppet Show called The Pleasures of the\\nTown. In the Puppet Show, Henley, the Clare-\\nMarket Orator, and Samuel Johnson, the quack\\nauthor of the popular Hurlothrumbo, were\\nsmartly satirised, as also was the fashionable", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 21\\ncraze for Opera and Pantomime. But the most\\nenduring part of this odd medley is the farce\\nwhich occupies the two first acts, and under thin\\ndisguises no doubt depicts much which was\\nwithin the writer s experience. At all events,\\nLuckless, the author in the play, has more than\\none of the characteristics which distinguish the\\ntraditional portrait of Fielding himself in his\\nearly years. He wears a laced coat, is in love,\\nwrites plays, and cannot pay his landlady, who\\ndeclares, with some show of justice, that she\\nwould no more depend on a Benefit-Night of\\nan un-acted Play, than she wou d on a Benefit-\\nTicket in an un-drawn Lottery. Her Floor\\n(she laments) is all spoil d with Ink her Win-\\ndows with Verses, and her Door has been almost\\nbeat down with Duns. But the most hum.or-\\nous scenes in the play scenes really admirable\\nin their ironic delineation of the seamy side of\\nauthorship in 1730 are those in which Mr.\\nBookweight, the publisher the Curll or Os-\\nborne of the period is shown surrounded by\\nthe obedient hacks, who feed at his table on\\ngood Milk-porridge, very often twice a Day,\\nand manufacture the murders, ghost-stories,\\npolitical pamphlets, and translations from Virgil\\n(out of Dryden) with which he supplies his cus-\\ntomers. Here is one of them as good as any", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "22 Henry Fielding\\nBookiveight, So, Mr. Index y what News with you\\nIndex, I have brought my Bill, Sir.\\nBook. What s here? for fitting the Motto oi Risum\\nteneatis Amici to a dozen Pamphlets at Sixpence per each,\\nSix Shillings For Onutia vmcit Amor, d^ nos cedamus\\nAvioriy Sixpence For Difficile est Satyram non scribere^\\nSixpence Hum hum hum Sum total, for Thirty-\\nsix Latin Motto s, Eighteen Shillings ditto English^ One\\nShilling and Ninepence ditto Greek, Four, Four Shillings.\\nThese Greek Motto s are excessively dear.\\nInd. If you have them cheaper at either of the Univer-\\nsities, I will give you mine for nothing.\\nBook, You shall have your Money immediately, and\\npray remember that I must have two Latin Seditious\\nMotto s and one Greek Moral Motto for Pamphlets by to-\\nmorrow Morning.\\nInd, Sir, I shall provide them. Be pleas d to look on\\nthat. Sir, and print me Five hundred Proposals, and as\\nmany Receipts.\\nBook. Proposals for printing by Subscription a new\\nTranslation of Cicero, Of the Nature of the Gods and his\\nTiisculan Questions, by Jeremy htdex, Esq. I am sorry\\nyou have undertaken this, for it prevents a Design of mine.\\nInd. Indeed, Sir, it does not, for you see all of the Book\\nthat I ever intend to publish. It is only a handsome Way\\nof asking one s Friends for a Guinea.\\nBook. Then you have not translated a Word of it,\\nperhaps.\\nInd, Not a single Syllable.\\nBook. Well, you shall have your Proposals forthwith\\nbut I desire you wou d be a little more reasonable in your\\nBills for the future, or I shall deal with you no longer for", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 23\\nI have a certain Fellow of a College, who offers to furnish\\nme with Second-hand Motto s out of the Spectator for Two-\\npence each.\\nInd. Sir, I only desire to live by my Goods, and I hope\\nyou will be pleas d to allow some difference between a\\nneat fresh Piece, piping hot out of the Classicks, and old\\nthread-bare worn-out Stuff that has past thro ev ry Pedant s\\nMouth.\\nThe latter part of this amusing dialogue, refer-\\nring to Mr. Index s translation from Cicero, was\\nadded in an amended version of the Author s\\nFarce, in which Fielding depicts another all-pow-\\nerful personage in the literary life, the actor-\\nmanager. This version, which appeared some\\nyears later, will, however, be more conveniently\\ntreated under its proper date, and it is only neces-\\nsary to say here that the slight sketches of Marplay\\nand Sparkish given in the first edition, were pre-\\nsumably intended for Gibber and Wilks, with\\nwhom, notwithstanding the civil and kind Be-\\nhaviour for which he had thanked them in the\\nPreface to Love in Several Masques, the\\nyoung dramatist was now, it seems, at war. In\\nthe introduction to the Miscellanies, he refers to\\na slight Pique with Wilks and it is not im-\\npossible that the key to the difference may be\\nfound in the following passage\\nSparkish, What dost think of the Play", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "24 Henry Fielding\\nMarplay, It may be a very good one, for ought I know\\nbut I know the Author has no Interest.\\nSpark, Give me Interest, and rat the Play.\\nMar, Rather rat the Play which has no Interest. In-\\nterest sways as much in the Theatre as at Court. And\\nyou know it is not always the Companion of Merit in either.\\nThe handsome student from Leyden the po-\\ntential Congreve who wrote Love in Several\\nMasques, and had Lady Mary Wortley Montagu\\nfor patroness, might fairly be supposed to have\\nexpectations which warranted the civilities of\\nMessrs. Wilks and Gibber but the Luckless\\nof two years later had probably convinced them\\nthat his dramatic performances did not involve\\ntheir sine qua non of success. In these circum-\\nstances nothing perhaps could be more natural\\nthan that they should play their parts in his little\\nsatire.\\nWe have dwelt at some length upon the Auth-\\nors Farce, because it is the first of Fielding s\\nplays in which, leaving the wit-traps of Wych-\\nerley and Congreve, he deals with the direct\\ncensure of contemporary folly, and because, apart\\nfrom translation and adaptation, it is in this field\\nthat his most brilliant theatrical successes were\\nwon. For the next few years he continued to\\nproduce comedies and farces with great rapidity,\\nboth under his own name, and under the", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 25\\npseudonym of Scriblerus Secundus. Most of\\nthese show manifest signs of haste, and some are\\nrecklessly immodest. We shall confine ourselves\\nto one or two of the best, and do little more than\\nenumerate the others. Of these latter, the\\nCoffee-House Politician; or, The Justice caught in\\nhis own Trap, 1730, succeeded the Author s\\nFarce. The leading idea, that of a tradesman\\nwho neglects his shop for foreign affairs, ap-\\npears to be derived from Addison s excellent\\ncharacter-sketch in the Tatler of the Political\\nUpholsterer. This is the more likely, in that\\nArne the musician, whose father is generally sup-\\nposed to have been Addison s original, was\\nFielding s contemporary at Eton. Justice\\nSqueezum, another character contained in this\\nplay, is a kind of first draft of the later Justice\\nThrasher in Amelia. The representation of the\\ntrading justice on the stage, however, was by no\\nmeans new, since Justice Quorum in Coffey s\\nBeggar s Wedding (with whom, as will appear\\npresently, Fielding s name has been erroneously\\nassociated) exhibits similar characteristics. Omit-\\nting for the moment the burlesques of Tom\\nThumb, the Coffee-House Politician wsisfoWowed\\nby the Letter Writers or A new Way to Keep a\\nWife at Home, 175 1, a brisk little farce, with one\\nvigorously drawn character, that of Jack Com-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "26 Henry Fielding\\nmons, a young university rake the Grub-Street\\nOpera, 173 1 the farce of the Lottery, 1731? in\\nwhich the famous Mrs. Clive, then Miss Raftor,\\nappeared the Modern Husbancj, 1732 the Co-\\nvent Garden Tragedy, 1732, a broad and rather\\nriotous burlesque of Ambrose Philips Distrest\\nMother; and the Debauchees; or, the Jesuit\\nCaught, 1732 which was based upon the then\\ndebated story of Father Girard and Catherine\\nCadiere.\\nNeither of the two last-named pieces is worthy\\nof the author, and their strongest condemnation\\nin our day is that they were condemned in their\\nown for their unbridled license, the Grub Street\\nJournal going so far as to say that they had met\\nwith the universal detestation of the Town/\\nThe Modern Husband, which turns on that most\\nloathsome of all commercial pursuits, the traffic\\nof a husband in his wife s dishonour, appears,\\noddly enough, to have been regarded by its\\nauthor with especial complacency. Its prologue\\nlays stress upon the moral purpose it was dedi-\\ncated to Sir Robert Walpole and from a couple\\nof letters printed in Lady Mary Wortley Mon-\\ntagu s correspondence, it is clear that it had\\nbeen submitted to her perusal.^ It had, however,\\nno great success upon the stage, and the chief\\n1 Letters^ etc., 1 86 1, ii. 19, 20.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 27\\nthing worth remembering about it is that it af-\\nforded his last character to Wilks, who played\\nthe part of Bellamant. That slight Pique, of\\nwhich mention has been made, was no doubt by\\nthis time a thing of the past.\\nBut if most of the works in the foregoing list\\ncan hardly be regarded as creditable to Fielding s\\nartistic or moral sense, one of them at least de-\\nserves to be excepted, and that is the burlesque\\nof Tom Thumb, This was first brought out in\\n1730 at the little theatre in the Haymarket, where\\nit met with a favourable reception. In the fol-\\nlowing year it was enlarged to three acts (in the\\nfirst version there had been but two), and repro-\\nduced at the same theatre as the Tragedy of\\nTragedies; or, The Life and Death of Tom\\nThumb the Greats with the Annotations of H.\\nScriblerus Secundus. It is certainly one of the\\nbest burlesques ever written. As Baker observes\\nin his Biographia Dramaiica, it may fairly be\\nranked as a sequel to Buckingham s Rehearsal,\\nsince it includes the absurdities of nearly all the\\nwriters of tragedies from the period when that\\npiece stops to 1730. Am^ong the authors sat-\\nirised are Nat. Lee, Thomson (whose famous\\nO Sophonisba, Sophonisba, O I\\nis parodied by\\nO Huncamunca, Huncamunca, O", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "28 Henry Fielding\\nBanks s Earl of Essex, a favourite play at Bar-\\ntholomew Fair, the Busiris of Young, and the\\nAureng^ebe of Dryden, etc. The annotations,\\nwhich abound in transparent references to Dr.\\nBlenile^y, Mr. T[heobal]dy Mr. D[enni]s, are ex-\\ncellent imitations of contemporary pedantry.\\nOne example, elicited in Act i by a reference to\\ngiants, must stand for many:\\nThat learned Historian Mr. S n in the third\\nNumber of his Criticism on our Author, takes great Pains\\nto explode this Passage. It is, says he, difficult to guess\\nwhat Giants are here meant, unless the Giant Despair in\\nthe Pilgrim s Progress, or the giant Greatness in the Royal\\nVillain for I have heard of no other sort of Giants in the\\nReign of King Arthur, Petrus Buniianus makes three\\nTom Thumbs, one whereof he supposes to have been the\\nsame Person whom the Greeks called Hercules, and that\\nby these Giants are to be understood the Centaurs slain by\\nthat Heroe. Another To7n Thu??ib he contends to have been\\nno other than the Hermes Trismegistus of the Antients.\\nThe third Tom Thumb he places under the Reign of King\\nArthur to which third Tom Thujnb, says he, the Actions of\\nthe other two were attributed. Now, tho I know that this\\nOpinion is supported by an Assertion of Justus Lipsius,\\nThomam ilium- Thumbum nonalium quam Herculem fuisse\\nsatis constat yet shall I venture to oppose one Line of Mr.\\nMidwinter, against them all.\\nIn Arthur s Court Tom Thumb did live,\\nBut then, says Dr. B y, if we place To77t Thumb\\nin the Court of King Arthur, it will be proper to place that", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 29\\nCourt out of Britain, where no Giants were ever heard of.\\nSpeizcer, in his Fairy Queen, is of another Opinion, where\\ndescribing Albion, he says,\\nFar within, a salvage Nation dwelt\\nOf hideous Giants.\\nAnd in the same canto\\nThen Elfar, with two Brethren Giants had\\nThe one of which had two Heads,\\nThe other three,\\nRisum teneatis, Amici.\\nOf the play itself it is difficult to give an idea\\nby extract, as nearly every line travesties some\\ntragic passage once familiar to play-goers, and\\nnow utterly forgotten. But the following lines\\nfrom one of the speeches of Lord Grizzle a\\npart admirably acted by Liston in later years\\nare a fair specimen of its ludicrous use (or rather\\nabuse) of simile\\nYet think not long, I will my Rival bear.\\nOr unreveng d the slightest Willow wear\\nThe gloomy, brooding Tempest now confin d,\\nWithin the hollow Caverns of my Mind,\\nIn dreadful Whirl, shall rowl along the Coasts,\\nShall thin the Land of all the Men it boasts,\\nJ Compare Hazlitt, Lectures On the English Comic Writ-\\ners, 18 19, pp. 322-4.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "30 Henry Fielding\\nAnd cram up ev ry Chink of Hell with Ghosts.\\nSo have I seen, in some dark Winter s Day,\\nA sudden Storm rush down the Sky s High-Way,\\nSweep thro the Streets with terrible ding-dong,\\nGush thro the Spouts, and wash whole Crowds along.\\nThe crowded Shops, the thronging Vermin skreen,\\nTogether cram the Dirty and the Clean,\\nAnd not one Shoe-Boy in the Street is seen.\\nIn the modern version of Kane O Hara, to\\nwhich songs were added, the Tragedy of Trage-\\ndies still keeps, or kept the stage. But its crown-\\ning glory is its traditional connection with Swift,\\nwho told Mrs. Pilkington that he had not\\nlaugh d above twice in his life, once at the\\ntricks of a merry-andrew, and again when (in\\nFielding s burlesque) Tom Thumb killed the\\nghost. This is an incident of the earlier ver-\\nsions, omitted in deference to the critics, for\\nwhich the reader will seek vainly in the play as\\nnow printed and he will, moreover, discover\\nthat Mrs. Pilkington s memory served her im-\\nperfectly, since it is not Tom Thumb who kills\\nthe ghost, but the ghost of Tom Thumb which is\\nkilled by his jealous rival, Lord Grizzle. A tri-\\nMemoirs y 1754,111. 155. Fielding himself refers to this\\nexploit in the Prologue to TTie Modern Husband\\nHe taught Tom Thumb strange victories to boast,\\nSlew heaps of giants, and then killed a ghost", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 31\\nfling inaccuracy of this sort, however, is rather\\nin favour of the truth of the story than against it,\\nfor a pure fiction w^ould in all probability have\\nbeen more precise. Another point of interest in\\nconnection with this burlesque is the frontispiece\\nwhich Hogarth supplied to the edition of 1731.\\nIt has no special value as a design, but it consti-\\ntutes the earliest reference to that friendship with\\nthe painter, of which so many traces are to be\\nfound in Fielding s works.\\nHitherto Fielding had succeeded best in bur-\\nlesque. But, in 1732, the same year in which he\\nproduced the Modern Husband, the Debauchees,\\nand the Covent Garden Tragedy, he made an\\nadaptation of yioYieve s M6dicin malgrdlui, which\\nhad already been imitated in English by Mrs.\\nCentlivre and others. This little piece, to which\\nhe gave the title of the Mock-Doctor or, The\\nDumb Lady curd, was well received. The\\nFrench original was rendered with tolerable close-\\nness but here and there Fielding has introduced\\nlittle touches of his own, as, for instance, where\\nGregory (Sganarelle) tells his wife Dorcas\\n(Martine), whom he has just been beating, that\\nas they are but one, whenever he beats her he\\nbeats half of himself. To this she replies by\\nrequesting that for the future he will beat the\\nother half. An entire scene (the thirteenth) was", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "32 Henry Fielding\\nalso added at the desire of Miss Raftor, who\\nplayed Dorcas, and thought her part too short.\\nThis is apparently intended as a burlesque of the\\nnotorious quack, Dr. John Misaubin, of St.\\nMartin s Lane, to whom the Mock-Doctor was\\nironically dedicated. He was the proprietor of\\na famous pill, and was introduced by Hogarth\\ninto the Harlofs Progress, Gregory was played\\nby Theophilus Gibber, and the preface contains\\na complimentary reference to his acting, and the\\nexpected retirement of his father from the stage.\\nNeither Genest nor Lawrence gives the date\\nwhen the piece was first produced, but if the\\nApril on the very dubious author s benefit\\nticket attributed to Hogarth be correct, it must\\nhave been in the first months of 1732.\\nThe cordial reception of the Mock-Doctor\\nseems to have encouraged Fielding to make\\nfurther levies upon Moliere, and he speaks of his\\nhope to do so in the Preface. As a matter of\\nfact, he produced a version of L Avare at Drury\\nLane in the following year, which entirely out-\\nshone the older versions of Shadwell and Ozell,\\nand gained from Voltaire the praise of having\\nadded to the original quelques beautes de dia-\\nlogue particulieres k s^ (Fielding s) nation.\\nLovegold, its leading rdle^ became a stock part.\\nIt was w^U played by its first actor Griffin, and", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 2 Z\\nwas a favourite exercise with Macklin, Shuter,\\nand (in our own days) Phelps.\\nIn February, 1733, when \\\\he Miser was first\\nacted, Fielding was five and twenty. His means\\nat this time were, in all probability, exceedingly\\nuncertain. The small proportion of money due to\\nhim at his mother s death had doubtless been long\\nsince exhausted, and he must have been almost\\nwholly dependent upon the precarious profits of\\nhis pen. That he was assisted by rich and noble\\nfriends to any material extent appears, in spite of\\nMurphy, to be unlikely. At all events, an occa-\\nsional dedication to the Duke of Richmond or\\nthe Earl of Chesterfield cannot be regarded as\\nproof positive. Lyttelton, who certainly be-\\nfriended him in later life, was for a great part of\\nthis period absent on the Grand Tour, and Ralph\\nAllen had not yet come forward. In default of\\nthe always deferred allowance, his father s house\\nat Salisbury (r) was no doubt open to him and\\nit is plain, from indications in his minor poems,\\nthat he occasionally escaped into the country.\\nBut in London he lived for the most part, and\\nprobably not very worshipfully. What, even\\nnow, would be the life of a young man of Field-\\ning s age, fond of pleasure, careless of the future,\\nvery liberally equipped with high spirits, and\\nstraightway exposed to the perilous seductions of", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "34 Henry Fielding\\nthe stage Fielding had the defects of his qual-\\nities, and was no better than the rest of those\\nabout him. He was manly, and frank, and gen-\\nerous but these characteristics could scarcely\\nprotect him from the terrors of the tip-stafi, and\\nthe sequels of ^t other bottle/ Indeed, he very\\nhonestly and unfeignedly confesses to the lapses\\nof his youth in the Journey from this World to\\nthe Next, adding that he pretended to very little\\nVirtue more than general Philanthropy, and pri-\\nvate Friendship. It is therefore but reasona-\\nble to infer that his daily life must have been\\nmore than usually characterised by the vicissi-\\ntudes of the eighteenth-century prodigal, alter-\\nnations from the Rose to a Clare-Market or-\\ndinary, from gold-lace to fustian, from champagne\\nto British Burgundy. In a rhymed petition\\nto Walpole, he makes pleasant mirth of what no\\ndoubt was sometimes sober truth his debts,\\nhis duns, and his dinnerless condition. He (the\\nverses tell us)\\nfrom his Garret can look down\\nOn the whole Street of Arlington,^\\nAgain\\nThe Family that dines the latest\\nIs in our Street esteem d the greatest\\n1 Miscellmiies, by Henry Fielding, Esq., 1743, ii. 62.\\n2 Where Sir Robert lived, at No. 17.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 35\\nBut latest Hours must surely fall\\nBefore him who ne er dines at all\\nand\\nThis too doth in my Favour speak,\\nYour Levee is but twice a Week\\nFrom mine I can exclude but one Day,\\nMy Door is quiet on a Sunday,^\\nWhen he can admit so much even jestingly of\\nhimself, it is but legitimate to presume that there\\nis no great exaggeration in the portrait of him in\\n1735? by the anonymous satirist of SeasonabU\\nReproof:\\nF ^y who yesterday appeared so rough.\\nClad in coarse Frize^ and plaister d down with Snuffs\\nSee how his Instant gaudy Trappings shine\\nWhat Play-house Bard was ever seen so fine\\nBut this, not from his Hwriour flows, you ll say,\\nBut mere Necessity for last Night lay\\nIn Pawiiy the Velvet which he wears to Day.\\nHis work bears traces of the inequalities and\\nirregularities of his mode of living. Although in\\ncertain cases (e^g*^ the revised edition of Tom\\nThumb) the artist and scholar seems to have\\nspasmodically asserted himself, the majority of\\nhis plays v^ere hasty and ill-considered perform-\\n1 Miscellanies y 1743, i. 42. The poem is headed Writ-\\nten in the Year 1730.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "36 Henry Fielding\\nances, most of which (as Lady Mary said) he\\nwould have thrown into the fire if meat could\\nhave been got without money, and money with-\\nout scribbling/ When he had contracted to\\nbring on a play, or a farce, says Murphy, it\\nis well known, by many of his friends now living,\\nthat he would go home rather late from a tavern,\\nand would, the next morning, deliver a scene to\\nthe players, written upon the papers, which had\\nwrapped the tobacco, in which he so much de-\\nlighted/ It is not easy to conceive, unless\\nFielding s capacities as a smoker were unusual,\\nthat any large contribution to dramatic literature\\ncould have been made upon the wrappings of\\nVirginia or Freeman s Best but that his reputa-\\ntion for careless production was established\\namong his contemporaries is manifest from the\\nfollowing passage in a burlesque Author s\\nWill published in the Universal Spectator of\\nOldys\\nItem, I give and bequeath to my very negli-\\ngent Friend Henry Drama, Esq., all my Indus-\\ntry. And whereas the World may think this an\\nunnecessary Legacy, forasmuch as the said Henry-\\nDrama, Esq., brings on the stage four Pieces\\nevery Season yet as such Pieces are always\\nwrote with uncommon Rapidity, and during such\\nWorks, 1762, pp. 26-7.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "A Memoir\\n01\\nfatal Intervals only as the Stocks have been on\\nthe Folly this Legacy will be of use to him to re-\\nvise and correct his Works. Furthermore, for\\nfear the said Hc^ry Drama should make an ill\\nUse of the sai: -^r, and expend it all on a\\nBallad Farceyii- the said Legacy should\\nbe paid him by e :as, and as his Neces-\\nsities may require/*\\nThere can be little doubt that the above quota-\\ntion, which seems to have hitherto escaped in-\\nquiry, refers to none other than the very negli-\\ngent Author of the Modem Husban4 and the\\nOld Debauchees in other words, to Henry\\nFieldins:\\n1 GenUtmav^s Magazhu^ J^J* 734-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER II\\nFielding and Timothy Fielding The Intriguing Chamber-\\nmaid^ ^734 Author^ s Farce revived, 1734 Theoph-\\nilus Gibber; Don Quixote in England, 1734; a farce\\nand a comedy marriage, 1735 Miss Charlotte Crad-\\nock; love-poems; life at East Stour; the Great Mogul s\\nCompany; Pasquin, 1736; plot, incidents and extracts;\\nThe Historical Register ^737 1 the Licensing Act;\\nFielding as a playwright.\\nT^HE very subordinate part in the Miser of\\nFurnish, an Upholsterer, was taken by\\na third-rate actor, whose surname has been pro-\\nductive of no little misconception among Henry\\nFielding s biographers. This was Timothy\\nFielding, sometime member of the Haymarket\\nand Drury Lane companies, and proprietor, for\\nseveral successive years, of a booth at Bartholo-\\nmew; Southwark, and other fairs. In the absence\\nof any Christian name, Mr. Lawrence seems to\\nhave rather rashly concluded that the Fielding\\nmentioned by Genest as having a booth at Bar-\\ntholomew Fair in 1773 with Hippisley (the\\noriginal Peachum of the Beggar s Opera) j was\\nFielding the dramatist and the mistake thus\\noriginated at once began that prosperous course", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 39\\nwhich usually awaits any slip of the kind. It\\nmisled one notoriously careful inquirer, who, in\\nhis interesting chronicles of Bartholomew Fair,\\nminutely investigated the actor s history, giving\\nprecise details of his doings at Bartlemy from\\n1728 to 1736; but, although the theory in-\\nvolved obvious inconsistencies, apparently with-\\nout any suspicion that the proprietor of the booth\\nwhich stood, season after season, in the yard of\\nthe George Inn at Smithfield, was an entirely\\ndifferent person from his greater namesake.\\nThe late Dr. Rimbault carried the story farther\\nstill, and attempted to show, in Notes and Queries\\nfor May, 1859, that Henry Fielding had a booth\\nat Tottenham Court in 1738, subsequent to his\\nadmission into the Middle Temple and he also\\npromised to supply additional particulars to the\\neffect that even 1738 vv as not the last year of\\nFielding s career as a booth-proprietor. At\\nthis stage (probably for good reasons) inquiry\\nseems to have slumbered, although, with the\\nfatal vitality of error, the statement continued\\n(and still continues) to be repeated in various\\nquarters. In 1875, however, the late Mr.\\nFrederick Latreille published a short article in\\nNotes and Queries,^ proving conclusively, by ex-\\ntracts from contemporary newspapers and other\\nJune 26. (5th Series, iii. 502.)", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "40 Henry Fielding\\nsources, that the Timothy Fielding above re-\\nferred to was the real Fielding of the fairs that\\nhe became landlord of the Buffalo Tavern at\\nthe corner of Bloomsbury Square in 1733 and\\nthat he died in August, 1738, his Christian name,\\nso often suppressed, being duly recorded in the\\nregister of the neighbouring church of St.\\nGeorge s^ where he was buried. The admirers\\nof the novelist owe Mr. Latreille a debt of grati-\\ntude for this opportune discovery. It is true\\nthat a certain element of Bohem/ian picturesque-\\nness is lost to Henry Fielding s life, already not\\nvery rich in recorded incident and it would cer-\\ntainly have been curious if he, who ended his\\ndays in trying to dignify the judicial office, should\\nhave begun life by acting the part of a trading\\njustice, namely that of Quorum in Coffey s\\nBeggar s Wedding, which Timothy Fielding had\\nplayed at Drury Lane. But, on the whole, it is\\nsatisfactory to know that his early experiences did\\nnot, of necessity, include those of a strolling\\nplayer. Some obscure and temporary con-\\nnection with Bartholomew Fair he may have\\nhad, as Smollett, in the scurrilous pamphlet\\nissued in 1752, makes him say that he blew a\\ntrumpet there in quality of herald to a collection\\nof wild beasts but this is probably no more\\n1 A Faithful Narrative^ etc., 1752, p. 1 1 (see Post^ ch. vi.).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 41\\nthan an earlier and uglier form of the apparition\\nlaid by Mr. Latreille. The only positive evi-\\ndence of any connection between Henry Field-\\ning and the Smithfield carnival is, that Theophilus\\nGibber s company played the Mhe^r at their\\nbooth in August, 1733.\\nWith the exception of the Miser and an after-\\npiece, never printed, entitled Deborah; or, A\\nWife for you all, which was acted for Miss\\nRafter s benefit in April, 1733, nothing important\\nwas brought upon the stage by Fielding until\\nJanuary of the following year, when he produced\\nthe Intriguing Chambermaid, and a revised version\\nof the Author s Farce. By a succession of\\nchanges, which it is impossible here to describe\\nin detail, considerable alterations had taken place\\nin the management of Drury Lane. In the first\\nplace, Wilks was dead, and his share in the\\nPatent was represented by his widow. Booth\\nalso was dead, and Mrs. Booth had sold her\\nshare to Giffard of Goodman s Fields, while the\\nelder Gibber had retired. At the beginning of\\nthe season of 1733-34 the leading patentee was\\nan amateur called Highmore, who had purchased\\nGibber s share. He had also purchased part of\\nBooth s share before his death in May, 1733. The\\nonly other shareholder of importance was Mrs.\\nWilks. Shortly after the opening of the theatre", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "42 Henry Fielding\\nin September, the greater part of the Drury Lane\\nCompany, led by the younger Gibber, revolted\\nfrom Highmore and Mrs. Wilks, and set up for\\nthemselves. Matters were farther complicated\\nby the fact that John Rich had not long opened a\\nnew theatre in Covent Garden, which consti-\\ntuted a fresh attraction and that what Fielding\\ncalled the wanton affected Fondness for foreign\\nMusick, was making the Italian opera a danger-\\nous rival the more so as it was patronised by\\nthe nobility. Without actors the patentees were\\nin serious case. Miss Raftor, who about this\\ntime became Mrs. Clive, appears, however, to\\nhave remained faithful to them, as also did\\nHenry Fielding. The lively little comedy of the\\nIntriguing Chambermaid was adapted from the\\nRelour Imprdvu of Regnard especially for her\\nand in its published form was preceded by an\\nepistle in which the dramatist dwells upon the\\nFactions and Divisions among the Players/\\nand compliments her upon her compassionate ad-\\nherence to Mr. Highmore and Mrs. Wilks in\\ntheir time of need. The epistle is also valuable\\nfor its warm and generous testimony to the\\nprivate character of this accomplished actress,\\nwhose part in real life, says Fielding, was that of\\n**the best Wife, the best Daughter, the best\\nSister, and the best Friend. The words are", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 43\\nmore than mere compliment they appear to\\nhave been true. Madcap and humourist as she\\nwas, no breath of slander seems ever to have\\ntarnished the reputation of Catherine Clive,\\nwhom Johnson a fine judge, when his preju-\\ndices were not actively aroused called in addi-\\ntion the best player that he ever saw/\\nThe Intriguing Chambermaid was produced on\\nthe i^th of January, 1734. Lettice, from whom\\nthe piece was named, was well personated by\\nMrs. Clive, and Colonel Bluff by Macklin, the\\nonly actor of any promise that Highmore had\\nbeen able to secure. With the new comedy the\\nAuthor s Farce was revived. It would be un-\\nnecessary to refer to this again, but for the addi-\\ntions that were made to it. These consisted\\nchiefly in the substitution of Marplay Junior for\\nSparkish, the actor-manager of the first version.\\nThe death of Wilks may have been a reason for\\nthis alteration but a stronger was no doubt the\\ndesire to throw ridicule upon Theophilus Cibber,\\nwhose behaviour in deserting Drury Lane imme-\\ndiately after his father had sold his share to High-\\nmore had not passed without censure, nor had his\\nfather s action escaped sarcastic comment. The-\\nophilus Cibber whose best part was Beaumont\\nand Fletcher s Copper Captain, and who carried\\n1 Hill s BoszuelVs Johnsoft^ 1887, v. 126.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "44 Henry Fielding\\nthe impersonation into private life had played\\nin several of Fielding s pieces but Fielding had\\nlinked his fortunes to those of the patentees, and\\nwas consequently against the players in this quar-\\nrel. The following scene was accordingly added\\nto the farce for the exclusive benefit of Young\\nMarplay\\n**Marplay junior, Mr. Luckless, I kiss your Hands\\nSir, I am your most obedient humble Servant; you see,\\nMr. LucklesSy what Power you have over me. I attend\\nyour Commands, tho several Persons of Quality have staid\\nat Court for me above this Hour.\\nLuckless, I am obliged to you I have a Tragedy for\\nyour House, Mr. Marplay,\\nMar, jun. Ha if you will send it me, I will give you\\nmy Opinion of it and if I can make any Alterations in it\\nthat will be for its Advantage, I will do it freely.\\nWitmore, Alterations, Sir?\\nMar. jun. Yes, Sir, Alterations I will maintain it, let\\na Play be never so good, without Alteration it will do noth-\\ning.\\nWit, Very odd indeed.\\nMar. jun. Did you ever write. Sir\\nWit. No, Sir, I thank Heav n.\\nMar. jun. Oh your humble Servant your very hum-\\nble Servant, Sir. When you write yourself you will find\\nthe Necessity of Alterations. Why, Sir, wou d you guess\\nthat I had alter d Shakespeare\\nWit. Yes, faith, Sir, no one sooner.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 45\\nMar, jun, Alack-a-day Was you to see the Plays\\nwhen they are brought to us a Parcel of crude, undi-\\ngested Stuff. We are the Persons, Sir, who lick them into\\nForm, that mould them into Shape The Poet make the\\nPlay indeed The Colour-man might be as well said to\\nmake the Picture, or the Weaver the Coat My Father and\\nI, Sir, are a Couple of poetical Tailors when a Play is\\nbrought us, we consider it as a Tailor does his Coat, we cut\\nit, Sir, we cut it And let me tell you, we have the exact\\nMeasure of the Town, we know how to fit their Taste.\\nThe Poets, between you and me, are a Pack of igno-\\nrant\\nWit. Hold, hold, sir. This is not quite so civil to T^Ir.\\nLuckless Besides, as I take it, you have done the Town\\nthe Honour of writing yourself.\\nMar, jun. Sir, you are a Man of Sense and express your-\\nself well. I did, as you say, once make a small Sally into\\nParnassus, took a sort of flying Leap over Helicon But\\nif ever they catch me there again Sir, the Town have\\na Prejudice to my Family; for if any Play cou d have made\\nthem ashamed to damn it, mine must. It was all over Plot.\\nIt wou d have made half a dozen Novels Nor was it\\ncram d with a pack of Wit-traps, like Congreve and Wycherly,\\nwhere every one knows when the Joke was coming. I\\ndefy the sharpest Critick of em all to know when any Jokes\\nof mine were coming. The Dialogue was plain, easy, and\\nnatural, and not one single Joke in it from the Beginning to\\nthe End Besides, Sir, there was one Scene of tender mel-\\nancholy Conversation, enough to have melted a Heart of\\nStone and yet they damn d it And they damn d them-\\nselves for they shall have no more of mine.\\nWit, Take pity on the Town, Sir.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "46 Henry Fielding\\nMar, jun, I No, Sir, no. I ll write no more. No\\nmore unless I am forc d to it.\\nLuckless. That s no easy thing, Marplay,\\nMar. jun. Yes, Sir. Odes, Odes, a Man may be oblig d\\nto write to those you know.\\nThese concluding lines plainly refer to the elder\\nGibber s appointment as Laureate in 1730, and to\\nthose annual Birth-day Strains, with which he\\nso long delighted the irreverent while the alter-\\nation of Shakespeare and the cobbling of plays\\ngenerally, satirised again in a later scene, are\\nstrictly in accordance with contemporary ac-\\ncounts of the manners and customs of the two\\ndictators of Drury Lane. The piece indicated\\nby Marplay Junior was probably Theophilus Gib-\\nber s Lover which had been produced in Janu-\\nary, 173 1, with very moderate success.\\nAfter the Intriguing Chambermaid and the re-\\nvived Author s Farce, Fielding seems to have\\nmade farther exertions for the distressed Actors\\nin Drury Lane. He had always been an ad-\\nmirer of Gervantes, frequent references to whose\\nmaster-work are to be found scattered through\\nhis plays and he now busied himself with com-\\npleting and expanding the loose scenes of the\\ncomedy of Don Quixote in England, which (as\\nbefore stated) he had sketched at Leyden for his", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 47\\nown diversion. He had already thought of bring-\\ning it upon the stage, but had been dissuaded\\nfrom doing so by Gibber and Booth, who re-\\ngarded it as wanting in novelty. Now, however,\\nhe strengthened it by the addition of some elec-\\ntion scenes, in which he tells Lord Chesterfield in\\nthe dedication he designed to give a lively\\nrepresentation of the Calamities brought on a\\nCountry by general Corruption and it was\\nduly rehearsed. But unexpected delays took\\nplace in its production the revolted players re-\\nturned to Drury Lane and, lest the actors ben-\\nefits should further retard its appearance by\\npostponing it until the winter season, Fielding\\ntransferred it to the Haymarket, where, accord-\\ning to Geneste, it was acted in April, i734- As\\na play, Don Quixote in England has few stage\\nqualities and no plot to speak of. But the Don\\nwith his whimsies, and Sancho with his appetite\\nand string of proverbs, are conceived in some-\\nthing of the spirit of Cervantes. Squire Badger,\\ntoo, a rudimentary Squire Western, well repre-\\nsented by Macklin, is vigorously drawn and\\nthe song of his huntsman Scut, beginning with\\nthe fine line The dusky Night rides down the\\nSky, has a verse that recalls a practice of which\\nAddison accuses Sir Roger de Goverly", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "48 Henry Fielding\\nA brushing Fox in yonder Wood,\\nSecure to find we seek\\nFor why, I carry d sound and good,\\nA Cartload there last Week.\\nAnd a Hiuiting uue will\\nThe election scenes, though but slightly attached\\nto the main story, are keenly satirical, and con-\\nsidering that Hogarth s famous series of kindred\\nprints belongs to a much later date, must cer-\\ntainly have been novel, as may be gathered from\\nthe following little colloquy between Mr. Mayor\\nand Messrs. Guzzle and Retail\\nMayor {^to RetaW). I like an Opposition, because\\notherwise a Man may be oblig d to vote against his Party\\ntherefore when we invite a Gentleman to stand, we invite\\nhim to spend his Money for the Honour of his Party; and\\nwhen both Parties have spent as much as they are able,\\nevery honest Man will vote according to his Conscience.\\nGmz, Mr. Mayor talks like a Man of Sense and Hon-\\nour, and it does me good to hear him.\\nMay, Ay, ay, Mr. Guzzle, I never gave a Vote contrary\\nto my Conscience. I have very earnestly recommended the\\nCountry-Interest to all my Brethren But before that, I\\nrecommended the Town-Interest, that is, the interest of\\n1 The earliest form of the famous Roast Beef of Old\\nEngland is also to be found in Do7i Quixote in Engla7id,\\nRichard Leveridge took Fielding s first verse, added others,\\nand set the whole to music (Hullah s Song Book, 1866, No.\\nxxxix.).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 49\\nthis Corporation and first of all I recommended to every\\nparticular Man to take a particular Care of himself. And\\nit is with a certain way of Reasoning, That he who serves\\nme best, will serve the Town best and he that serves the\\nTown best, will serve the Country best.\\nIn the January and February of 177), Fielding\\nproduced two more pieces at Drury Lane, a bal-\\nlad-farce and a five-act comedy. The farce a\\nlively trifle enough was An Old Man taught\\nWisdom, a title subsequently changed to the Vir-\\ngin Unmasked, It was obviously written to dis-\\nplay the talents of Mrs. Clive, who played in it\\nher favourite character of a hoyden, and, after\\ninterviewing a number of suitors chosen by\\nher father, finally ran away with Thomas the\\nfootman a course in those days not without its\\nparallel in high life, above stairs as well as below.\\nIt appears to have succeeded, though Bookish,\\none of the characters, w^as entirely withdrawn in\\ndeference to some disapprobation on the part of\\nthe audience while the part of Wormwood, a\\nlawyer, which is found in the latest editions, is\\nsaid to have been ^omitted in representation.\\nThe comedy, entitled The Universal Gallant; or.\\nThe different Husbands, was scarcely so fortunate.\\nNotwithstanding that Quin, who, after an absence\\nof many years, had returned to Drury Lane,\\nplaying a leading part, and that Theophilus Cib-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "so Henry Fielding\\nber in the hero, Captain Smart, seems to have\\nbeen fitted with a character exactly suited to his\\ntalents and idiosyncrasy, the play ran no more\\nthan three nights. Till the third act was almost\\nover, the Audience^ says the Prompter (as\\nquoted by Sylvanus Urban *^sat quiet, in\\nhopes it would mend, till finding it grew worse\\nand worse, they lost all Patience, and not an Ex-\\npression or Sentiment afterwards pass d without\\nits deserved Censured Perhaps it is not to be\\nwondered at that the author the prolifick\\nMr, Fielding, as the Prompter calls him, attrib-\\nuted its condemnation to causes other than its\\nlack of interest. In his Advertisement he openly\\ncomplains of the cruel Usage his poor\\nPlay had met with, and of the barbarity of the\\nyoung men about town who made a Jest of\\ndamning Plays a pastime which, whether it\\nprevailed in this case or not, no doubt existed,\\nas Sarah Fielding afterwards refers to it in David\\nSimple. If an author he goes on to say be\\nso unfortunate [as] to depend on the success of\\nhis Labours for his Bread, he must bean inhuman\\nCreature indeed, who would out of sport and\\nwantonness prevent a Man from getting a Liveli-\\nhood in an honest and inoffensive Way, and make\\na jest of starving him and his Family. The\\nplea is a good one if the play be good but if", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 51\\nnot, it is worthless. In this respect the public\\nare like the French Cardinal in the story and\\nwhen the famished writer s work fails to enter-\\ntain them, they are fully justified in doubting his\\nclaim to exist. There is no reason for supposing\\nthat the Universal Gallant deserved a better fate\\nthan it met with.\\nJudging from the time which elapsed between\\nthe production of this play and that of Pasquin\\n(Fielding s next theatrical venture), it has been\\nconjectured that the interval was occupied by his\\nmarriage, and brief experience as a Dorsetshire\\ncountry gentleman. The exact date of his mar-\\nriage is not known, though it is generally assumed\\nto have taken place in the beginning of 1735.\\nBut it may well have been earlier, for it will be\\nobserved that in the above quotation from the\\nPreface to the Universal Gallant, which is dated\\nfrom Buckingham Street, Feb. 12, he indi-\\nrectly speaks of *^his family. This, it is true,\\nmay be no more than the pious fraud of a bache-\\nlor but if it be taken literally, we must conclude\\nthat his marriage was already so far a thing of the\\npast that he was already a father. This suppo-\\nsition would account for the absence of any\\nrecord of the birth of a child during his forthcom-\\ning residence at East Stour, by the explanation\\nthat it had already happened in London and it", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "52 Henry Fielding\\nis not impossible that the entry of the marriage,\\ntoo, may be hidden away in some obscure Met-\\nropolitan parish register, since those of Salisbury\\nhave been fruitlessly searched. At this distance\\nof time, however, speculation is fruitless and,\\nin default of more definite information, the\\nspring of 1735, which Keightley gives, must\\nbe accepted as the probable date of the marriage.\\nConcerning the lady, the particulars are more\\nprecise. She was a Miss Charlotte Cradock,\\none of three sisters living upon their own means\\nat Salisbury, or as it was then styled New\\nSarum. Mr. Keightley s personal inquiries,\\ncirca 1858, elicited the information that the\\nfamily, now extinct, was highly respectable, but\\nnot of New Sarum s best society. Richardson,\\nin one of his malevolent outbursts, asserted that\\nthe sisters were illegitimate but, says the\\nwriter above referred to, of this circumstance\\nwe have no other proof, and I am able to add\\nthat the tradition of Salisbury knows nothing of\\nit. They were, however, celebrated for their\\npersonal attractions and if the picture given in\\nTom Jones^ accurately represents the first Mrs.\\nFielding, she must have been a most charming\\nbrunette. Something of the stereotyped charac-\\nteristics of a novelist s heroine obviously enter\\n1 Correspondence f 1804, iv. 60. 2 Bk. iv., ch. 2.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "A Memoir S3\\ninto the description but the luxuriant black hair,\\nwhich, cut to comply with the modern Fash-\\nion, curled so gracefully in her Neck, the\\nlustrous eyes, the dimple in the right cheek, the\\nchin rather full than small, and the complexion\\nhaving more of the Lilly than of the Rose,\\nbut flushing with exercise or modesty, are, doubt-\\nless, accurately set down. In speaking of the\\nnose as exactly regular, Fielding appears to\\nhave deviated slightly from the truth for we\\nlearn from Lady Louisa Stuart that, in this respect,\\nMiss Cradock s appearance had ^suffered a\\nlittle from an accident mentioned in Amelia^ the\\noverturning of a chaise.-^ Whether she also pos-\\nsessed the mental qualities and accomplishments\\nwhich fell to the lot of Sophia Western, we have\\nno means of determining but Lady Louisa\\nStuart is again our authority for saying that she\\nwas as amiable as she was handsome.^\\nFrom the love-poems in the first volume of the\\nMiscellanies of 1743 poems which their author\\ndeclares to have been Productions of the Heart\\nrather than of the Head it is clear that\\nFielding had been attached to his future wife\\n1 See Fos^f ch. 4 and ch. 6.\\nLetters^ etc., of Lady Mary Wort ley Montagu^ 1 86 1, i.\\nio6.\\nMiscellanies f I743 i", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "54 Henry Fielding\\nfor several years previous to 1735. One of them,\\nAdvice to the Nymphs of New S m, cele-\\nbrates the charms of Celia the poetical equiva-\\nlent for Charlotte as early as 1730; another,\\ncontaining a reference to the player Anthony\\nBoheme, who died in 173 1, was probably written\\nat the same time while a third, in which, upon\\nthe special intervention of Jove himself, the prize\\nof beauty is decreed by Venus to the Salisbury\\nsisters, may be of an earlier date than any. The\\nyear 1730 was the year of his third piece, the\\nAuthor s Farce, and he must therefore have been\\npaying his addresses to Miss Cradock not very\\nlong after his arrival in London. This is a fact\\nto be borne in mind. So early an attachment to\\na good and beautiful girl, living no farther off\\nthan Salisbury, where his own father probably re-\\nsided, is scarcely consistent with the reckless\\ndissipation which had been laid to his charge,\\nalthough, on his own showing, he was by no means\\nfaultless. But it is a part of natures like his to\\nexaggerate their errors in the moment of re-\\npentance and it may well be that Henry Field-\\ning, too, was not so black as he painted himself\\nin the Journey from this World to the Next. Of\\nhis love-verses he says this Branch of Writ-\\ning is what I very little pretend to and it\\nMiscellanies^ I743\u00c2\u00bb i\u00c2\u00bbi ii\u00c2\u00bb", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 55\\nwould be misleading to rate them highly, for, un-\\nlike his literary descendant, Thackeray, he never\\nattained to any special quality of note.^ But\\nsome of his octosyllabics, if they cannot be called\\nequal to Prior s, fall little below Swift s. I\\nhate cries he in one of the pieces,\\nI hate the Town, and all its Ways\\nRidotto s, Opera s, and Plays\\nThe Ball, the Ring, the Mall, the Court;\\nWherever the Beau-Monde resort\\nAll CofFee-Houses, and their Praters;\\nAll Courts of Justice, and Debaters\\nAll Taverns, and the Sots within em\\nAll Bubbles, and the Rogues that skin *em,\\nand so forth, the natural anti-climax being that\\nhe loves nothing but his Charmer at Salis-\\nbury.^ In another, which is headed To Celia.\\nOccasioned by her apprehending her House\\nwould be broke open, and having an old Fellow to\\nguard it, who sat up all Night, with a Gun vjithout\\nany Ammunition^ and from which it had been\\nconcluded that the Miss Cradocks were their\\nown landlords, Venus chides Cupid for neglect-\\ning to guard her favourite\\n1 Nevertheless, the late Mr. Frederick Locker Lampson,\\na good judge, contrived to include no fewer than four of\\nFielding s pieces in the Anthology known as Lyra Elegait-\\niiarum, 1867, pp. 106, 135, 136, 139.\\n^Miscellanies, 1 743, i., 49.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "5 6 Henry Fielding\\nCome tell me, Urchin, tell no lies\\nWhere was you hid, in Vince s eyes\\nDid your fair Bennefs Brest importune\\n(I know you dearly love a fortune.)\\nPoor Cupid now began to whine\\nMamma, it was no Fault of mine.\\nI in a Dimple lay perdue^\\nThat little Guard-Room chose by you.\\nA hundred Loves (all arm d) did grace\\nThe Beauties of her Neck and Face\\nThence, by a Sigh I dispossest,\\nWas blown to Harry Fielding s Breast\\nWhere I was forc d all Night to stay,\\nBecause I could not find my Way.\\nBut did Mamma know there what Work\\nI ve made, how acted like a Turk\\nWhat Pains, what Torment he endures,\\nWhich no Physician ever cures.\\nShe would forgive. The Goddess smil d.\\nAnd gently chuck d her wicked Child,\\nBid him go back, and take more Care,\\nAnd give her Service to the Fair.\\nSwift, in his Rhapsody on Poetry, 1773, cou-\\npled Fielding with Leonard Welsted as an in-\\nstance of sinking in verse. But the foregoing,\\nwhich he could not have seen, is scarcely, if at\\nall, inferior to his own Birthday Poems to Stella.^\\ni^ Miscellanies J 1743, i. 58.\\n2 Swift afterward substituted the laureate [Cibber] for\\nFielding, and appears to have changed his mind as to the", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 57\\nThe history of Fielding s marriage rests so ex-\\nclusively upon the statements of Arthur Murphy\\nthat it will be well to quote his words in full\\nMr. Fielding had not been long a writer for\\nthe stage, when he married Miss Craddock [sic]^\\na beauty from Salisbury. About that time his\\nmother dying, a moderate estate, at Stower in\\nDorsetshire devolved to him. To that place he\\nretired with his wife, on whom he doated, with\\na resolution to bid adieu to all the follies and in-\\ntemperances to which he had addicted himself in\\nthe career of a town-life. But unfortunately a\\nkind of family-pride here gained an ascendant\\nover him and he began immediately to vie in\\nsplendour with the neighbouring country squires.\\nWith an estate not much above two hundred\\npounds a-year, and his wife s fortune, which did\\nnot exceed fifteen hundred pounds, he encum-\\nbered himself with a large retinue of servants, all\\nclad in costly yellow liveries. For their master s\\nhonour, these people could not descend so low\\nas to be careful in their apparel, but, in a month\\nor two, were unfit to be seen the squire s dig-\\nlatter s merits. I can assure Mr. Fieldi^g-^^ says Mrs.\\nPilkington in the third and last volume of her Memoirs,\\n(1754), the Dean had a high opinion of his Wit, which\\nmust be a Pleasure to him, as no Man was ever better quali-\\nfied to judge, possessing it so eminently himself.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "5 8 Henry Fielding\\nnity required that they should be newly-equipped\\nand his chief pleasure consisted in society and\\nconvivial mirth, hospitality threw open his doors,\\nand, in less than three years, entertainments,\\nhounds and horses, entirely devoured a little\\npatrimony, which, had it been managed with\\neconomy, might have secured to him a state of\\nindependence for the rest of his life, etc/\\nThis passage, which has played a conspicuous\\npart in all biographies of Fielding, was very\\ncarefully sifted by Mr. Keightley, who came to\\nthe conclusion that it was a mere tissue of\\nerror and inconsistency. Without going to\\nthis length, we must admit that it is manifestly\\nincorrect in many respects. If Fielding married\\nin 1735 (though, as already pointed out, he may\\nhave married earlier, and retired to the country\\nupon the failure of the Universal Gallant)^ he is\\ncertainly inaccurately described as not having\\nbeen long a writer for the stage, since writing\\nfor the stage had been his chief occupation for\\nseven years. Then again his mother had died as\\nfar back as April 10, 1718, when he was a boy of\\neleven and if he had inherited anything from\\nher, he had probably been in the enjoyment of it\\n1 Works f 1762,1. 27-8.\\nSome of Mr. Keightley s criticisms were anticipated by\\nWatson.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 59\\never since he came of age. Furthermore, the\\nstatement as to three years is at variance\\nwith the fact that, according to the dedication to\\nthe Universal Gallant^ he was still in London in\\nFebruary, 173^, and was back again managing\\nthe Haymarket in the first months of 1736.\\nMurphy, however, may only mean that the\\nestate at East Stour was in his possession for\\nthree years. Mr. Keightley s other points\\nnamely, that the tolerably respectable farm-\\nhouse, in which he is supposed to have lived,\\nwas scarcely adapted to splendid entertain-\\nments, or a large retinue of servants; and\\nthat, to be in strict accordance with the family\\narms, the liveries should have been not yellow,\\nbut white and blue must be taken for what\\nthey are worth. On the whole, the probability\\nis, that Murphy s words were only the careless\\nrepetition of local tittle-tattle, of much of which\\nas Captain Booth says pertinently in Amelia,\\n1 Mr. Leslie Stephen suggests that this detail of the\\nliveries is borrowed from the career of the Duchess of Cleve-\\nland s husband, Beau, or Handsome Fielding\\n(d. 1712), who, among other absurdities, hired a coach,\\nand kept two footmen clothed in yellow. He was also re-\\nported to have been (like the novelist) a Justice of the\\nPeace for Westminster. {Diet, of JVat, Biography^ vol.\\nrviii. (1S89), Art. Robert Fielding.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "6o Henry Fielding\\nthe only basis is lying. The squires of the\\nneighbourhood would naturally regard the dash-\\ning young gentleman from London with the same\\ndistrustful hostility that Addison s Tory Fox-\\nhunter exhibited to those who differed with\\nhim in politics. It would be remembered, be-\\nsides, that the new-comer was the son of another\\nand an earlier Fielding of less pretensions, and\\nno real cordiality could ever have existed be-\\ntween them. Indeed, it may be assumed that\\nthis was the case, for Booth s account of the op-\\nposition and ridicule which he a poor\\nrenter I encountered when he enlarged his\\nfarm and set up his coach has a distinct personal\\naccent. That he was lavish, and lived beyond\\nhis means, is quite in accordance with his char-\\nacter. The man who, as a Bow Street magis-\\ntrate, kept open house on a pittance, was not\\nlikely to be less lavish as a country gentleman,\\nwith ;^i 500 in his pocket, and newly married to\\na young and handsome wife. He would have\\nwanted money, said Lady Mary, if his heredi-\\ntary lands had been as extensive as his imagi-\\nnation and there can be little doubt that the\\nrafters of the old farm by the Stour, with the\\ngreat locust tree at the back, which is figured in\\nHutchins s History of Dorset, rang often to\\n1 Letters y etc., 1861, ii. 283.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 6i\\nhunting choruses, and that not seldom the\\ndusky Night rode down the Sky over the\\nprostrate forms of Harry Fielding s guests.^ But\\neven \u00c2\u00a3i 500, and (in spite of Murphy) it is by no\\nmeans clear that he had anything more, could\\nscarcely last forever. Whether his footmen\\nwore yellow or not, a few brief months found\\nhim again in town. That he was able to rent\\na theatre may perhaps be accepted as proof that\\nhis profuse hospitalities had not completely ex-\\nhausted his means.\\nThe moment was a favourable one for a fresh\\ntheatrical experiment. The stage-world was split\\nup into factions, the players were disorganised,\\nand everything seemed in confusion. Whether\\nFielding himself conceived the idea of making\\ncapital out of this state of things, or whether it\\nwas suggested to him by some of the company\\n1 An interesting relic of the East Stour residence has re-\\ncently been presented by Mr. Merthyr Guest (through Mr.\\nR. A. Kinglake) to the Somersetshire Archaeological\\nSociety. It is an oak table of solid proportions, and bears\\non a brass plate the following inscription, emanating from a\\nformer owner This table belonged to Henry Fielding,\\nEsq., novelist. He hunted from East Stour Farm, 17 18,\\nand in three years dissipated his fortune keeping hounds.\\nIn 17 18, it may be observed. Fielding was a boy of eleven.\\nProbably the whole of the latter sentence is nothing more\\nthan a distortion of Murphy.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "62 Henry Fielding\\nwho had acted Don Quixote in England, it is im-\\npossible to say. In the first months of 1736,\\nhowever, he took the little French Theatre in\\nthe Haymarket, and opened it with a company\\nwhich he christened the Great MoguFs Com-\\npany of Comedians/ who were further described\\nas having dropped from the Clouds/ The\\nGreat Mogul was a name sometimes given by\\nplaywrights to the elder Cibber but there is no\\nreason for supposing that any allusion to him was\\nintended on this occasion. The company, with the\\nexception of Macklin, who was playing at Drury\\nLane, consisted chiefly of the actors in Don\\nQuixote in England and the first piece was en-\\ntitled Pasquin a Dramatick Satire on the Times\\nbeing the Rehearsal of Two Plays^ vi-{, a Comedy\\ncaird the Election, and a Tragedy calVd the Life\\nand Death of Common-Sense, The form of this\\nwork, which belongs to the same class as Sheri-\\ndan s Critic and Buckingham s Rehearsal, was\\nprobably determined by Fielding s past experi-\\nence of the public taste. His latest comedy had\\nfailed, and its predecessors had not been very\\nsuccessful. But his burlesques had met with a\\nbetter reception, while the election episodes in\\nDon Quixote had seemed to disclose a fresh field\\nfor the satire of contemporary manners. And in\\nthe satire of contemporary manners he felt his", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 63\\nstrength lay. The success of Pasquin proved he\\nhad not miscalculated, for it ran more than forty\\nnights^ drawing, if we may believe the unknown\\nauthor of the life of Theophilus Gibber, numer-\\nous and enthusiastic audiences from Grosvenor,\\nCavendish, Hanover, and all the other fashionable\\nSquares, as also from Pall Mall, and the Inns of\\nCourtr 1\\nIn regard to plot, the comedy which Pasquin\\ncontains scarcely deserves the name. It consists\\nof a string of loosely-connected scenes, which\\ndepict the shameless political corruption of the\\nWalpole era with a good deal of boldness and\\nhumour. The sole difference between the\\nCourt party, represented by two Candidates\\nwith the Bunyan-like names of Lord Place and\\nColonel Promise, and the Country party,\\nwhose nominees are Sir Harry Fox-Chase and\\nSquire Tankard, is that the former bribe openly,\\nthe latter indirectly. The Mayor, whose sym-\\npathies are with the Country Party is finally\\ninduced by his wife to vote for and return the\\nother side, although they are in a minority and\\nthe play is concluded by the precipitate marriage\\nof his daughter with Colonel Promise. Mr.\\nFustian, the Tragic Author, who, with Mr.\\nSneerwell the Critic, is one of the spectators of\\nAn Apology for the Life of Mr, The Gibber, I74i,p. 113,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "64 Henry Fielding\\nthe rehearsal, demurs to the abruptness with\\nwhich this ingenious catastrophe is brought about,\\nand inquires where the preliminary action, of\\nwhich there is not the slightest evidence in the\\npiece itself, has taken place. Thereupon Trap-\\nwit, the Comic Author, replies as follows, in\\none of those passages which show that, whatever\\nFielding s dramatic limitations may have been he\\nwas at least a keen critic of stage practice\\nTrapwit. Why, behind the Scenes, Sir.\\nWhat, would you have every Thing brought upon\\nthe Stage I intend to bring ours to the Dignity\\nof the French Stage and I have Horace s Ad-\\nvice of my Side we have many Things both said\\nand done in our Comedies, which might be\\nbetter performed behind the Scenes the French,\\nyou know, banish all Cruelty from their Stage\\nand I don t see why we should bring on a Lady\\nin ours, practising all manner of Cruelty upon her\\nLover beside, Sir, we do not only produce it,\\nbut encourage it for I could name you some\\nComedies, if I would, where a Woman is brought\\nin for four Acts together, behaving to a worthy\\nMan in a Manner for which she almost deserves\\nto be hang d and in the Fifth, forsooth, she is\\nrewarded with him for a Husband Now, Sir,\\nas I know this hits some Tastes, and am willing\\nto oblige all, I have given every Lady a Latitude", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 65\\nof thinking mine has behaved in whatever Man-\\nner she vi^ould have her.\\nThe part of Lord Place in the Election after\\nthe first few nights, was taken by Gibber s daugh-\\nter, the notorious Mrs. Charlotte Charke, whose\\nextraordinary Memoirs are among the curiosities\\nof eighteenth-century literature, and whose ex-\\nperiences were as varied as those of any char-\\nacter in fiction. She does not seem to have\\nacted in the Life and Death of Common-Sense^\\nthe rehearsal of which followed that of the\\nElection, This is a burlesque of the Tom Thumb\\ntype, much of which is written in vigorous blank\\nverse. Queen Common-Sense is conspired\\nagainst by Firebrand, Priest of the Sun, by Law,\\nand by Physic. Law is incensed because she\\nhas endeavoured to make his piebald jargon in-\\ntelligible Physic because she has preferred\\nWater Gruel to all his drugs and Firebrand be-\\ncause she would restrain the power of Priests.\\nSome of the strokes must have gone home to\\nthose receptive hearers who, as one contempo-\\nrary account informs us, were dull enough not\\nonly to think they contained Wit and Humour,\\nbut Truth also\\nQueen Common- Sense, My Lord of Laiu^ I sent for\\nyou this Morning;\\nI have a strange Petition given to me", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "66 Henry Fielding\\nTwo Men, it seems, have lately been at Law\\nFor an Estate, which both of them have lost,\\nAnd their Attorneys now divide between them.\\nLaw, Madam, these things will happen in the Law.\\nQ, C, S, Will they, my Lord then better we had none\\nBut I have also heard a sweet Bird sing,\\nThat Men, unable to discharge their Debts\\nAt a short Warning, being sued for them,\\nHave, with both Power and Will their Debts to pay\\nLain all their Lives in Prison for their Costs.\\nLaw, That may perhaps be some poor Person s Case,\\nToo mean to entertain your Royal Ear.\\nQ, C, S. My Lord, while I am Queen I shall not think\\nOne Man too mean, or poor, to be redress d\\nMoreover, Lord, I am inform d your Laws\\nAre grown so large, and daily yet encrease,\\nThat the great Age of old Methusalem\\nWould scarce suffice to read your Statutes out.\\nThere is also much more than merely transi-\\ntory satire in the speech of Firebrand to the\\nQueen\\nFirebrand, Ha do you doubt it nay, if you doubt\\nthat,\\nI will prove nothing But my zeal inspires me,\\nAnd I will tell you, Madam, you yourself\\nAre a most deadly Enemy to the Sun,\\nAnd all his Priests have greatest Cause to wish\\nYou had been never born.\\nQ, C. S. Ha say st thou. Priest\\nThen know I honour and adore the Sun", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 67\\nAnd when I see his Light, and feel his Warmth,\\nI glow with flaming Gratitude toward him\\nBut know, I never will adore a Priest,\\nVv ho wears Pride s Face beneath Religion s Mask.\\nAnd makes a Pick-Lock of his Piety,\\nTo steal away the Liberty of Mankind.\\nBut while I live, I ll never give thee Power.\\nFirebrand. Madam, our Power is not deriv d from you.\\nNor any one Twas sent us in a Box\\nFrom the great Sun himself, and Carriage paid\\nPhaeton brought it when he overturn d\\nThe Chariot of the Sun into the Sea.\\nO. C, S. Shew me the Instrument, and let me read it.\\nFireb. Madam, you cannot read it, for being thrown\\nInto the Sea, the Water has so damaged it.\\nThat none but Priests could ever read it since.\\nIn the end, Firebrand stabs Common-Sense,\\nbut her Ghost frightens Ignorance off the Stage,\\nupon which Sneervvell says I am glad you\\nmake Common-Sense get the better at last I\\nwas under terrible Apprehensions for your\\nMoral. Faith, Sir, says Fustian, this is\\nalmost the only Play where she has got the bet-\\nter lately. And so the piece closes. But it\\nwould be wrong to quit it without some reference\\nto the numberless little touches by which,\\nthroughout the whole, the humours of dramatic\\nfife behind the scenes are ironically depicted.\\nThe Comic Poet is arrested on his way from", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "68 Henry Fielding\\nKing s Coffee-House^ and the claim being\\nfor upwards of Four Pound, it is at first sup-\\nposed that he will hardly get Bail/ He is\\nsubsequently inquired after by a Gentlewoman in\\na Riding-Hood, whom he passes off as a Lady of\\nQuality, but who, in reality, is bringing him a\\nclean shirt. There are difficulties with one of\\nthe Ghosts, who has a Church-yard Cough,\\nand is so Lame he can hardly walk the Stage\\nwhile another comes to rehearsal without being\\nproperly floured, because the stage barber had\\ngone to Drury Lane to shave the Sultan in the\\nNew Entertainment. On the other hand, the\\nGhost of Queen Common-Sense appears before\\nshe is killed, and is with some difficulty persuaded\\nthat her action is premature. Part of ^ihe\\nMob play truant to see a show in the park\\nLaw, straying without the playhouse passage is\\nsnapped up by a Lord Chief-Justice s Warrant\\nand a Jew carries off one of the Maids of\\nHonour. These little incidents, together with\\nthe unblushing realism of the Pots of Porter that\\nare made to do duty for wine, and the extra two-\\npennyworth of Lightning that is ordered against\\nthe first night, are all in the spirit of that inimita-\\nble picture of the Strolling Actresses dressing in a\\nBarn, which Hogarth gave to the world two\\nyears later, and which, very possibly, may have", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 69\\nborrowed some of its inspiration from Fielding s\\ndramatic satire.\\nThere is every reason to suppose that the prof-\\nits of Pasquin were far greater than those of any\\nof its author s previous efforts. In a rare con-\\ntemporary caricature, preserved in the British\\nMuseum/ the Queen of Common-Sense is\\nshown presenting Henry Fielding, Esq., with\\na well-filled purse^ while to Harlequin (John\\nRich of Covent Garden) she extends a halter\\nand in some doggerel lines underneath, reference\\nis made to the show rs of Gold resulting from\\nthe piece. This, of course, might be no more\\nthan a poetical fiction but Fielding himself at-\\ntests the pecuniary success of Pasquin m the\\nDedication to Tumble-Down Dick, and Mrs.\\nCharke s statement in her Memoirs that her\\nsalary for acting the small part of Lord Place\\nwas four guineas a week, with an Indulgence\\nin Point of Charges at her Benefit by which\\nshe cleared sixty guineas,^ certainly points to a\\nprosperous exchequer. Fielding s own benefit,\\nas appears from the curious ticket attributed to\\nHogarth and facsimiled by A. M. Ireland, took\\nplace on April 25, but we have no record of the\\namount of his gains. Mrs. Charke farther says\\nPolitical and Personal Satires, No. 2283.\\nA Narrative, etc., 1755, pp. 63, 64.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "70 Henry Fielding\\nthat soon after Pasquin began to droop,\\nFielding produced Lillo s Fatal Curiosity in\\nwhich she acted Agnes. This tragedy, founded\\non a Cornish story, is one of remarkable power\\nand passion but upon its first appearance it\\nmade little impression, although in the succeed-\\ning year it was acted to greater advantage in\\ncombination with another satirical medley by\\nFielding, the Historical Register for the Year 1736.\\nLike most sequels, the Historical Register had\\nneither the vogue nor the wit of its predecessor.\\nIt was only half as long, and it was even more\\ndisconnected in character. Harmonious Gib-\\nber, as Swift calls him, whose preposterous\\nOdes had already been ridiculed in Pasquin and\\nthe Author s Farce, was once more brought on\\nthe stage as Ground-Ivy, for his alterations of\\nShakespeare and under the name of Pistol,\\nTheophilus Gibber is made to refer to the con-\\ntention between his second wife, Arne s sister,\\nand Mrs. Glive, for the honour of playing\\nPolly in the Beggar s Opera, a play-house\\nfeud which at the latter end of 1736 had en-\\ngaged *the Town almost as seriously as the\\nearlier rivalry of Faustina and Guzzoni. This\\ncontinued raillery of the Gibbers is, as Fielding\\nhimself seems to have felt, a Jest a little\\nover-acted but there is one scene in the piece", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 71\\nof undeniable freshness and humour, to wit, that\\nin which Cock, the famous salesman of the\\nPiazzas the George Robins of his day is\\nbrought on the stage as Mr. Auctioneer Hen (a\\npart taken by Mrs. Charke). His wares, col-\\nlected by the indefatigable Pains of that cele-\\nbrated Virtuoso, Peter Humdrum, Esq., include\\nsuch desirable items as curious Remnants of\\nPolitical Honesty, delicate Pieces of Patriot-\\nism, Modesty (which does not obtain a bid),\\nCourage, Wit, and a very neat clear Con-\\nscience of great capacity, which has been\\nworn by a Judge, and a Bishop. The *Car-\\ndinal Virtues are then put up, and eighteen-\\npence is bid for them. But after they have been\\nknocked down at this extravagant sum, the buyer\\ncomplains that he had understood the auctioneer\\nto say **a Cardinal s Virtues, and that the lot\\nhe has purchased includes Temperance and\\nChastity, and a Pack of Stuff that he would not\\ngive three Farthings for. The whole of this\\nscene is admirable fooling and it was after-\\nwards impudently stolen by Theophilus Cibber\\nfor his farce of the Auction. The Historical\\nRegister concludes with a dialogue between\\nQuidam, in whom the audience recognised Sir\\nRobert Walpole, and four patriots, to whom he\\ngives a purse which has an instantaneous effect", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "72 Henry Fielding\\nupon their opinions. All five then go off danc-\\ning to Quidam s fiddle and it is explained that\\nthey have holes in their pockets through which\\nthe money will fall as they dance, enabling the\\ndonor to pick it all up again, **and so not lose\\none Half-penny by his Generosity/\\nThe frank effrontery of satire like the fore-\\ngoing had by this time begun to attract the at-\\ntention of the Ministry, whose withers had\\nalready been sharply wrung by Pasquin and it\\nhas been conjectured that the ballet of Quidam\\nand the Patriots played no sm.all part in precipi-\\ntating the famous Licensing Act, which was\\npassed a few weeks afterwards. Like the mar-\\nriage which succeeded the funeral of Hamlet s\\nfather, it certainly followed hard upon. But\\nthe reformation of the stage had already been\\ncontemplated by the Legislature and two years\\nbefore. Sir John Barnard had brought in a bill\\nto restrain the number of houses for playing of\\nInterludes, and for the better regulating of com-\\nmon Players of Interludes. This, however, had\\nbeen abandoned, because it was proposed to add\\na clause enlarging the power of the Lord Cham-\\nberlain in licensing plays, an addition to which\\nthe introducer of the measure made strong objec-\\ntion. He thought the power of the Lord Cham-\\nberlain already too great, and in support of his", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 73\\nargument he instanced its wanton exercise in the\\ncase of Gay s Polly, the representation of which\\nhad been suddenly prohibited a few years earlier.\\nBut Pasquin and the Register brought the question\\nof dramatic lawlessness again to the front, and a\\nbill was hurriedly drawn, one effect of which was\\nto revive the very provision that Sir John Bar-\\nnard had opposed. The history of this affair is\\nexceedingly obscure, and in all probability it has\\nnever been completely revealed. The received\\nor authorised version is to be found in Coxe s\\nLife of Walpole. After dwelling on the offence\\ngiven to the Government by Pasquin, the writer\\ngoes on to say that Giffard, the manager of\\nGoodman s Fields, brought Walpole a farce\\ncalled The Golden Rump, which had been pro-\\nposed for exhibition. Whether he did this to ex-\\ntort money, or to ask advice, is not clear. In\\neither case, Walpole is said to have paid the\\nprofits which might have accrued from the per-\\nformance, and detained the copy. He then\\nmade a compendious selection of the treasonable\\nand profane passages it contained. These he\\nsubmitted to independent members of both parties,\\nand afterwards read them in the House itself.\\nThe result was that by way of amendment to the\\nVagrant Act of Anne s reign, a bill was pre-\\npared limiting the number of theatres, and com-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "74 Henry Fielding\\npelling all dramatic writers to obtain a license\\nfrom the Lord Chamberlain. Such is Coxe s\\naccount but notwithstanding its circumstantial\\ncharacter, it has been insinuated in the sham\\nmemoirs of the younger Gibber, and it is plainly\\nasserted in the Rambler s Ma^a\\\\ine for 1787, that\\ncertain preliminary details have been conveniently\\nsuppressed. It is alleged that Walpole himself\\ncaused the farce in question to be written, and to\\nbe offered to Giffard, for the purpose of introduc-\\ning his scheme of reform and the suggestion is\\nnot without a certain remote plausibility. As\\nmay be guessed, however, The Golden Rump\\ncannot be appealed to. It was never printed,\\nalthough its title is identical with that of a cari-\\ncature published in March, 1737, and fully de-\\nscribed in the Gentleman s Magazine for that\\nmonth. If the play at all resembled the design,\\nit must have been obscene and scurrilous in the\\nextreme.\\n1 Horace Walpole, in his Memoirs of the Last Ten Years\\nof the Reign of George says (vol. i., p. 12), I have in\\nmy possession the imperfect copy of this piece as I found it\\namong my father s papers after his death. He calls it\\nFielding s but no importance can be attached to the state-\\nment. There is a copy of the caricature in the British\\nMuseum Print Room (Political and Personal Satires,\\nNo. 2327).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 75\\nMeanwhile, the new bill, to which it had given\\nrise, passed rapidly through both Houses. Re-\\nport speaks of animated discussions and warm\\nopposition. But there are no traces of any di-\\nvisions, or petitions against it, and the only speech\\nwhich has survived is the very elaborate and care-\\nful oration delivered in the Upper House by Lord\\nChesterfield. The ^second Cicero as Syl-\\nvanus Urban styles him opposed the bill upon\\nthe ground that it would affect the liberty of the\\npress and that it was practically a tax upon the\\nchief property of men of letters, their wit a\\nprecarious dependence which (he thanked\\nGod) my Lords were not obliged to rely upon.\\nHe dwelt also upon the value of the stage as a\\nfearless censor of vice and folly and he quoted\\nwith excellent effect but doubtful accuracy the\\nfamous answer of the Prince of Conti [Cond6] to\\nMoliere [Louis XIV.] when Tar/a/^ was inter-\\ndicted at the instance of M. de Lamoignon:\\nIt is true, Moliere, Harlequin ridicules\\nHeaven, and exposes religion; but you have\\ndone much worse you have ridiculed the first\\nminister of religion. This, although not directly\\nadvanced for the purpose, really indicated the\\nhead and front of Fielding s offending in Pasquin\\nand the Historical Register, and although in Lord\\nChesterfield s speech the former is ironically con-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "^6 Henry Fielding\\ndemned, it may well be that Fielding, whose Don\\nQuixote had been dedicated to his Lordship, was\\nthe wire-puller in this case, and supplied this\\nvery illustration. At all events it is entirely in\\nthe spirit of Firebrand s words in Pasquin\\nSpeak boldly by the Powers I serve, I swear\\nYou speak in Safety, even tho you speak\\nAgainst the Gods, provided that you speak\\nNot against Priests.\\nBut the feeling of Parliament in favour of drastic\\nlegislation was even stronger than the persuasive\\nperiods of Chesterfield, and on the 21st of June,\\n1737, the bill received the royal assent.\\nWith its passing Fielding s career as a dramatic\\nauthor practically closed. In his dedication of\\nthe Historical Register to the Publick, he had\\nspoken of his desire to beautify and enlarge his\\nlittle theatre, and to procure a better company of\\nactors; and he had added If Nature hath\\ngiven me any Talents at ridiculing Vice and Im-\\nposture, I shall not be indolent, nor afraid of ex-\\nerting them, while the Liberty of the Press and\\nStage subsists, that is to say, while we have any\\nLiberty left among us. To all these projects\\nthe Licensing Act effectively put an end and\\nthe only other plays from his pen which were\\nproduced subsequently to this date were the", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 77\\nWedding Day, 1743, and the posthumous Good-\\nNatured Man, 1779, both of which, as is plain\\nfrom the Preface to the Miscellanies, were among\\nhis earliest attempts. In the little farce of Af/55\\nLucy in Tcivn, 1742, he had, he says but a very\\nsmall Share. Besides these, there are three\\nhasty and flimsy pieces which belong to the early\\npart of 1737. The first of these, Tumble-Down\\nDick; or J Phaeton in the Suds, was a dramatic\\nsketch in ridicule of the unmeaning Entertain-\\nments and Harlequinades of John Rich at Co-\\nvent Garden. This was ironically dedicated to\\nRich, under his stage name of John Lun, and\\nfrom the dedication it appears that Rich had\\nbrought out an unsuccessful satire on Pasquin\\ncalled Marforio. The other two were Eurydice,\\na profane and pointless farce, afterwards printed\\nby its author (in anticipation of Beaumarchais)^\\nas it was d mned at the Theatre-Royal in Drury\\nLane and a few detached scenes in which,\\nunder title of Eurydice Hiss d; or, a Word to the\\nWise, its untoward fate was attributed to the\\nfrail Promise of uncertain Friends. But even\\nin these careless and half-considered productions\\nthere are happy strokes and one scarcely looks\\nThe Bar bier de Seville was printed in 1775, as repre-\\nsentee et tombee sur le Thidtre de la Coinedie-Frangaise,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "78 Henry Fielding\\nto find such nervous and sensible lines in a mere\\na propos as these from Eurydice Hissed\\nYet grant it shou d succeed, grant that by Chance,\\nOr by the Whim and Madness of the Town,\\nA Farce without Contrivance, without Sense\\nShould run to the Astonishment of Mankind\\nThink how you will be read in After-times,\\nWhen Friends are not, and the impartial Judge\\nShall with the meanest Scribbler rank your Name\\nWho would not rather wish a Butler s fame,\\nDistress d and poor in every thing but Merit,\\nThan be the blundering Laureat to a Court\\nSelf-accusatory passages such as this and\\nthere are others like it indicate a higher ideal\\nof dramatic writing than Fielding is held to have\\nattained, and probably the key to them is to be\\nfound in that reaction of better judgment which\\nseems invariably to have followed his most reck-\\nless efforts. It was a part of his sanguine and\\nimpulsive nature to be as easily persuaded that\\nhis work was worthless as that it was excellent.\\nWhen/ says Murphy, he was not under the\\nimmediate urgency of want, they, who were in-\\ntimate with him, are ready to aver that he had a\\nmind greatly superior to anything mean or little\\nwhen his finances were exhausted, he was not\\nthe most elegant in his choice of the means to\\nredress himself, and he would instantly exhibit a", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 79\\nfarce or puppet-shew in the Haymarket theatre,\\nwhich was wholly inconsistent with the profes-\\nsion he had embarked in. The quotation dis-\\nplays all Murphy s loose and negligent way of\\ndealing with his facts for, with the exception of\\nMiz^ Lucy in Town, which can scarcely be ranked\\namong his works at all, there is absolutely no\\ntrace of Fielding s having exhibited either pup-\\npet-shew or farce after seriously adopting\\nthe law as a profession, nor does there appear to\\nhave been much acting at the Haymarket for\\nsome time after his management had closed in\\n1737. Still, his superficial characteristics, which\\ndo not depend so much upon Murphy as upon\\nthose who were intimate with him/ are prob-\\nably accurately described, and they sufficiently\\naccount for many of the obvious discordances of\\nhis work and life. That he was fully conscious\\nof something higher than his actual achievement\\nas a dramatist is clear from his own observation\\nin later life, ^*that he left off writing for the\\nstage, when he ought to have begun an ut-\\nterance which (we suspect) has prompted not a\\nlittle profitless speculation as to whether, if he\\nhad continued to write plays, they would have\\nbeen equal to, or worse than, his novels. The\\ndiscussion would be highly interesting, if there\\n1 Works, 1762, i. 47.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "8o Henry Fielding\\nwere the slightest chance that it could be at-\\ntended with any satisfactory result. But the\\ntruth is, that the very materials are wanting.\\nFielding *Meft off writing for the stage when\\nhe was under thirty Tom Jones was published\\nin 1749, when he was more than forty. His\\nplays were written in haste his novels at leisure,\\nand when, for the most part^ he was relieved from\\nthat immediate urgency of want, which, ac-\\ncording to Murphy, characterised his younger\\ndays. If as has been suggested we could\\ncompare a novel written at thirty with a play of\\nthe same date, or a play written at forty with\\nTom Jones, the comparison might be instructive,\\nalthough even then considerable allowances\\nwould have to be made for the essential differ-\\nence between plays and novels. But, as we can-\\nnot make such a comparison, further inquiry is\\nsimply waste of time. All we can safely affirm is,\\nthat the plays of Fielding s youth did not equal\\nthe fictions of his maturity and that, of those\\nplays, the comedies were less successful than the\\nfarces and burlesques. Among other reasons for\\nthis latter difference one chiefly may be given\\nthat in the comedies he sought to reproduce\\nthe artificial world of Congreve andWycherly,\\nwhile in the burlesques and farces he depicted\\nthe world in which he lived.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER III\\nBecomes a student of the Middle Temple, I November,\\n1737; law and letters; the Champion^ 1739-40; its\\nthemes attack in Gibber s Apology reply thereto\\nTryal of Colley Cibber^ Comedian Fielding and Gibber\\ncalled to the Bar, 20 June, 1740; minor writings travels\\nWestern Gircuit Richardson s Fa7nela Joseph AndrezuSy\\nFebruary, 1742; Parson Abraham Adams; other person-\\nages of the book details and descriptions personal por-\\ntraiture plan of novel; Richardson and Gray; assign-\\nment to Millar.\\nT^HE Historical Register and Eur/dice Hiss d\\nwere published together in June, 1737. By\\nthis time the Licensing Act was passed, and\\nthe Grand Mogul s Company dispersed for-\\never. Fielding was now in his thirty-first year,\\nwith a wife and probably a daughter depending\\non him for support. In the absence of any pros-\\npect that he would be able to secure a mainte-\\nnance as a dramatic writer, he seems to have\\ndecided, in spite of his comparatively advanced\\nage, to revert to the profession for which he had\\noriginally been intended, and to qualify himself\\nfor the Bar. Accordingly, at the close of the", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "82 Henry Fielding\\nyear, he became a student of the Middle Temple,\\nand the books of that society contain the follow-\\ning record of his admission\\n[^74 G] I Nov 1757.\\nHenricus Fielding, de East Stoiir in Com Dorset\\nAr, filius et hceres apparens Brig: Gen^ Ed-\\nmunai Fielding admissus est in Socielatem Medii\\nTempli Lond specialiter et obligatur una cum etc.\\nEt dat pro fine 4, o. o.\\nIt may be noted, as Mr. Keightley has already\\nobserved, that Fielding is described in this entry\\nas of East Stour, which would seem to indicate\\nthat he still retained his property at that place\\nand further, that his father is spoken of as a\\nbrigadier-general, whereas (according to the\\nGentleman^s Magazine) he had been made a\\nmajor-general in December, 1735. Of discrep-\\nancies like these it is idle to attempt any expla-\\nnation. But, if Murphy is to be believed, Field-\\ning devoted himself henceforth with commendable\\nassiduity to the study of law. The old irregu-\\nlarity of life, it is alleged, occasionally asserted\\nitself, though without checking the energy of his\\napplication. This, says his first biographer,\\nprevailed in him to such a degree, that he has\\nbeen frequently known by his intimates, to retire\\n1 This differs slightly from previous transcripts, having\\nbeen verified at the Middle Temple.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 83\\nlate at night from a tavern to his chambers, and\\nthere read and make extracts from the most ab-\\nstruse authors, for several hours before he went\\nto bed so powerful were the vigour of his con-\\nstitution and the activity of his mind. It is to\\nthis passage, no doubt, that we owe the pictur-\\nesque wet towel and inked ruffles with which\\nThackeray has decorated him in chapter xxix. of\\nPendennis and, in all probability, a good deal of\\ngraphic writing from less able pens respecting his\\nways as a Templar. In point of fact, nothing is\\nknown with certainty respecting his life at this\\nperiod, and what it would really concern us to\\nlearn namely, whether by chambers it is to\\nbe understood that he was living alone, and, if so,\\nwhere Mrs. Fielding was at the time of these pro-\\ntracted vigils Murphy has not told us. Per-\\nhaps she was safe all the while at East Stour, or\\nwith her sisters at Salisbury. Having no precise\\ninformation, however, it can only be recorded,\\nthat, in spite of the fitful outbreaks above re-\\nferred to, Fielding applied himself to the study\\nof his profession with all the vigour of a man who\\nhas to make up for lost time and that, when on\\nthe 20th of June, 1740, the day came for his being\\ncalled, he was very fairly equipped with legal\\nknowledge. That he had also made many friends\\namong his colleagues of Westminster Hall is", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "84 Henry Fielding\\nmanifest from the number of lawyers who figure\\nin the subscription list of the Miscellanies.\\nTo what extent he was occupied by literary\\nwork during his probationary period it is difficult\\nto say. Murphy speaks vaguely of ^a large\\nnumber of fugitive political tracts but unless\\nthe Essay on Conversation, advertised by Lawton\\nGilliver, in 1737, be the same as that afterwards\\nreprinted in the Miscellanies, there is no positive\\nrecord of anything until the issue of True Great-\\nness, an epistle to George Doddington, in Janu-\\nary, 1 741, though he may, of course, have writ-\\nten much anonymously. Am.ong newspapers,\\nthe one Murphy had in mind was probably the\\nChampion, the first number of which is dated\\nNovember 15, 1739, two years after his admis-\\nsion to the Middle Temple as a student. On\\nthe whole, it seems most likely, as Mr. Keight-\\nley conjectures, that his chief occupation in the\\ninterval was studying law, and that he must have\\nbeen living upon the residue of his wife s fortune\\nor his own means, in which case the establish-\\nment of the above periodical may mark the ex-\\nhaustion of his resources.\\nThe Champion is a paper on the model of the\\nelder essayists. It was issued, like the Taller,\\non Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays.\\nMurphy says that Fielding s part in it cannot", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 85\\nnow be ascertained; but as the Advertise-\\nment to the edition in two volumes of 1741\\nstates expressly that the papers signed C. and L.\\nare the Work of one Hand, and as a number of\\nthose signed C. are unmistakably Fielding s, it is\\nhard to discover where the difficulty lies. The\\npapers signed C. and L. are by far the most\\nnumerous, the majority of the remainder being\\ndistinguished by two stars, or the signature\\nLilbourne. These are understood to have\\nbeen from the pen of James Ralph, whose poem\\nof Night gave rise to a stinging couplet in the\\nDunciad, but who was nevertheless a man of\\nparts, and an industrious writer. As will be re-\\nmembered, he had contributed a prologue to\\nthe Temple Beau, so that his association with\\nFielding must have been of some standing. Be-\\nsides Ralph s essays in the Champion, he was\\nmainly responsible for the Index to the Times\\nwhich accompanied each number, and consisted\\nof a series of brief paragraphs on current topics,\\nor the last new book. In this way Glover s\\nLondon, Boyse s Deity, Somervile s Hobbinol,\\nLillo s Elmeric, Dyer s Ruins of Rome, and\\nother of the very minor poets of the day, were\\ncommented upon. These notes and notices,\\nhowever, were only a subordinate feature of the\\nChampion, which, like its predecessors, con-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "86 Henry Fielding\\nsisted chiefly of essays and allegories, social,\\nmoral, and political, the writers of which were\\nsupposed to be members of an imaginary Vine-\\ngar family, described in the initial paper. Of\\nthese the most prominent was Captain Hercules\\nVinegar, who took all questions relating to the\\nArmy, Militia, Trained-Bands, and fighting\\nPart of the Kingdom. His father, Nehemiah\\nVinegar, presided over history and politics his\\nuncle, Counsellor Vinegar, over law and judica-\\nture and Dr. John Vinegar his cousin, over\\nmedicine and natural philosophy. To others of\\nthe family including Mrs. John Vinegar, who\\nwas charged with domestic affairs were allotted\\nclassic literature, poetry and the Drama, and\\nfashion. This elaborate scheme was not very\\nstrictly adhered to, and the chief writer of the\\ngroup is Captain Hercules.\\nShorn of the contemporary interest which\\nformed the chief element of its success when it\\nwas first published, it must be admitted that, in\\nthe present year of grace, the Champion is hard\\nreading. A cloud of lassitude a sense of un-\\ncongenial task-work broods heavily over Field-\\ning s contributions, except the one or two in\\nwhich he is quickened into animation by his an-\\ntagonism to Gibber and although, with our\\nknowledge of his after achievements, it is possi-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 87\\nble to trace some indications of his yet un-\\nrevealed powers, in the absence of such knowl-\\nedge it would be difficult to distinguish the\\nChampion from the hundred-and-one forgotten\\nimitators of the Spectator and Tatler, whose\\nnames have been so patiently chronicled by Dr.\\nNathan Drake. There is, indeed, a certain\\nobvious humour in the account of Captain\\nVinegar s famous club, which he had inherited\\nfrom Hercules, and which had the enviable\\nproperty of falling of itself upon any knave in\\ncompany, and there is a dash of the Tom Jones\\nmanner in the noisy activity of that excellent\\nhousewife Mrs. Joan. Some of the lighter\\npapers, such as the one upon the Art of Puff-\\ning, are amusing enough and of the visions,\\nthat which is based upon Lucian, and represents\\nCharon as stripping his freight of all their\\nsuperfluous incumbrances in order to lighten his\\nboat, has a double interest, since it contains\\nreferences not only to Cibber, but also (though\\nthis appears to have been hitherto overlooked) to\\nFielding himself. The tall Man, who at\\nMercury s request strips off his old Grey Coat\\nwith great Readiness, but refuses to part with\\nhalf his Chin, which the shepherd of souls re-\\ngards as false^ is clearly intended for the writer\\nof the paper, even v/ithout the confirmation", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "88 Henry Fielding\\nafforded by the subsequent allusions to his con-\\nnection with the stage.^ His length of chin and\\nnose/ sufficiently apparent in his portrait, was a\\nfavourite theme for contemporary personalities.^\\nOf the moral essays, the most remarkable are a\\nset of four papers, entitled An Apology for the\\nClergy, which may perhaps be regarded as a set-\\noff against the sarcasms of Pasquin on priest-\\ncraft. They depict, with a great deal of knowl-\\nedge and discrimination, the pattern priest as\\nFielding conceived him. To these may be\\nlinked an earlier picture, taken from life, of a\\ncountry parson who^ in his simple and dignified\\nsurroundings^ even more closely resembles the\\nVicar of Wakefield than Mr. Abraham Adams.\\nSome of the more general articles contain happy\\npassages. In one there is an admirable parody\\n1 Champion f 24 May, 1740.\\n2 The former peculiarity gives rise to a curious and not\\nvery acute passage in one of Charlotte Bronte s letters\\nIn the cynical prominence of the under jaw, one reads\\nthe man. It was the stamp of one who would never see\\nhis neighbours (especially his women neighbours) as they\\nare^ but as they might be under the worst circumstances\\n{Life of Charlotte Bronte^ by Mrs. Gaskell, 1900, 565 n).\\nCharlotte Bronte s attitude to Fielding was not as sym-\\npathetic as that of George Eliot. The author of Jane Eyre\\nregarded Fielding s style as arid, and deplored his views\\nof life and human nature.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 89\\nof the Norman-French jargon, which in those\\ndays added superfluous obscurity to legal utter-\\nances while another, on Charity, contains a\\nforcible exposition of the inexpediency, as well\\nas inhumanity, of imprisonment for debt. Refer-\\nences to contemporaries, the inevitable Gibber\\nexcepted, are few, and these seem to be mostly\\nfrom the pen of Ralph. The following, from\\nthat of Fielding, is notable as being one of the\\nearliest authoritative testimonies to the merits of\\nHogarth: I esteem (says he) the ingenious\\nMr. Hogarth as one of the most useful Satyrists\\nany Age hath produced. In his excellent Works\\nyou see the delusive Scene exposed with all the\\nForce of Humour^ and, on casting your Eyes\\non another Picture, you behold the dreadful and\\nfatal Consequence. I almost dare affirm that\\nthose two Works of his, which he calls the\\nRakes and the Harlot s Progress^ are calculated\\nmore to serve the Cause of Virtue, and for the\\nPreservation of Mankind, than all the Folio s of\\nMorality which have been ever written and a\\nsober Family should no more be without them,\\nthan without the Whole Duty of Man in their\\nHouse. He returned to the same theme in the\\nPreface to Joseph Andreivs with a still apter\\nphrase of appreciation: He hath been thought\\n1 Champion^ lo June, 1740.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "^6 Henry Fielding\\na vast Commendation of a Painter, to say his Fig-\\nures seem to breathe but surely, it is a much\\ngreater and nobler Applause, that they appear to\\nthink. 1\\nWhen the Champion was rather more than a\\nyear old, Colley Gibber published his famous\\nApology, To the attacks made upon him by\\nFielding at different times he had hitherto printed\\nno reply perhaps he had no opportunity of do-\\ning so. But in his eighth chapter, when speak-\\ning of the causes which led to the Licensing Act,\\nhe takes occasion to refer to his assailant in\\nterms which Fielding must have found exceed-\\ningly galling. He carefully abstained from\\nmentioning his name, on the ground that it could\\ndo him no good, and was of no importance but\\nhe described him as *a broken Wit, who had\\nsought notoriety by raking the Channel (i. e,,\\n1 Hogarth acknowledged this compliment later by refer-\\nring to Fielding s Preface as a further explanation of the\\netching of Character and Caricaturas, 1745. Fielding oc-\\ncasionally sends his readers to Hogarth for the pictorial\\ntypes of his characters. Bridget Allworthy, he tells us. re-\\nsembled the starched prude in Morning {To??i Jones, Bk. i.,\\nch. II); and Mrs. Partridge and Parson Thwackum have\\ntheir originals in the Harlofs Progress, (Bk. ii., ch. 3 and\\nBk. iii., ch. 6.) It was Fielding, too, who said that the\\nEnraged Musician was enough to make a man deaf to\\nlook at {Voyage to Lisbon, 1755, p. 50).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 91\\nKennel), and pelting his Superiors. He ac-\\ncused him, with a scandalised gravity that is as\\nedifying as Chesterfield s irony, of attacking\\nReligion, Laws, Government, Priests, Judges,\\nand Ministers. He called him, either in allu-\\nsion to his stature, or his pseudonym in the\\nChampion, a Cerculean Satyrist, a Dravjcan-\\nsir in Wit who, to make his Poetical Fame\\nimmortal, like another Erostraius, set Fire to his\\nStage, by writing up to an Act of Parliament to\\ndemolish it. I shall not, he continues, give\\nthe particular Strokes of his Ingenuity a Chance\\nto be remembered, by reciting them it may be\\nenough to say, in general Terms, they were so\\nopenly flagrant, that the Wisdom of the Legisla-\\nture thought it high time, to take a proper No-\\ntice of them.\\nFielding was not the man to leave such a chal-\\nlenge unanswered. In the Champion for April\\n22, 1740, and two subsequent papers,^ he replied\\nwith a slashing criticism of the Apolog/, in which,\\nafter demonstrating that it must be written in\\nEnglish because it was written in no other lan-\\nguage, he gravely proceeds to point out exam-\\nples of the author s superiority to grammar and\\nAn Apology for the Life of Mr. Colley Cibbery Com-\\nediafiy 1740, p. 164.\\n2 29 April and 6 May.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "92 Henry Fielding\\nlearning and in general, subjects its pretentious\\nand slip-shod style to a minute and highly detri-\\nmental examination. In a further paper he re-\\nturns to the charge by a mock trial of one Col.\\nApoL (i. e., CoWey- Apology) arraigning him for\\nthat, **not having the Fear of Grammar before\\nhis Eyes, he had committed an unpardonable as-\\nsault upon his mother-tongue. Fielding s knowl-\\nedge of legal forms and phraseology enabled him\\nto make a happy parody of court procedure, and\\nMr. Lawrence says that this particular jea\\nd esprit obtained great celebrity. But the hap-\\npiest stroke in the controversy as it seems to\\nus is one which escaped Mr. Lawrence, and\\noccurs in the paper already referred to, where\\nCharon and Mercury are shown denuding the\\nluckless passengers by the Styx of their surplus\\nimpedimenta. Among the rest, approaches an\\nelderly Gentleman with a Piece of withered\\nLaurel on his Head. From a little book, which\\nhe is discovered (when stripped) to have bound\\nclose to his heart, and which bears the title of\\nLove in a Riddle an unsuccessful pastoral pro-\\nduced by Gibber at Drury Lane in 1729 it is\\nclear that this personage is intended for none\\nother than the Apologist, who, after many en-\\ntreaties, is finally compelled to part with his\\n1 17 May.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 93\\ntreasure. I was surprised, continues Field-\\ning, to see him pass Examination with his Laurel\\non, and was assured by the Standers by, that\\nMercury would have taken it off, if he had seen\\nit. i\\nThese attacks in the Champion do not appear\\nto have received any direct response from Gibber.\\nBut they were reprinted in a rambling production\\nissued from Curll s chaste press in 1740, and\\nentitled the Tryal of Coller Cibber, Comedian,\\nc. At the end of this there is a short address\\nto the Self-dubFd Captain Hercules Vinegar,\\nalias Buffoon, to the effect that the malevolent\\nFlings exhibited by him and his Man Ralphs\\nhave been faithfully reproduced. Then comes\\nthe following curious and not very intelligible\\nAdvertisement\\nIf the Ingenious Henry Fielding, Esq. (Son\\nof the Hon. Lieut. General Fielding, who upon\\nhis Return from his Travels entered himself of\\nthe Temple in order to study the Law, and\\nmarried one of the pretty Miss Cradocks of Salis-\\nbury) will own himself the Author of 18 strange\\nThings called Tragical Comedies and Gomical\\nTragedies, lately advertised by J, Watts of Wild-\\nCourt, Printer, he shall be mentioned in Gapitals\\nin the Third Edition of Mr. Gibber s Life, and\\nChampion f 24 May, 1740.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "94 Henry Fielding\\nlikewise be placed among the Poetx minores Dra-\\nmatici of the Present Age Then will both his\\nName and Writings be remembered on Record in\\nthe immortal Poetical Register written by Mr.\\nGiles Jacob.\\nThe poetical register indicated was the\\nbook of that name, containing the Lives and\\nCharacteristics of the English Dramatic Poets,wh\\\\ch\\nMr. Giles Jacob, an industrious literarj hack,\\nhad issued in 1723. Mr. Lawrence is probably\\nright in his supposition, based upon the forego-\\ning advertisement, that Fielding **had openly\\nexpressed resentment at being described by\\nGibber as a broken wit/ without being men-\\ntioned by name. He never seems to have wholly\\nforgotten his animosity to the actor, to whom\\nthere are frequent references in Joseph Andrews;\\nand, as late as 1749, he is still found harping on\\nthe withered laurel in a letter to Lyttelton.^\\nEven in his last work, Gibber s name is men-\\ntioned. The origin of this protracted feud is\\nobscure but, apart from want of sympathy, it\\nmust probably be sought for in some early mis-\\nunderstanding between the two in their capacities\\n1 Phillimore s Memoirs, etc., of George, Lord Lyttelton^\\ni845\u00c2\u00bb P- 337-\\n2 Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon, 1755, p. 195.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 95\\nof manager and author. As regards Theoph-\\nilus Gibber, his desertion of Highmore was suf-\\nficient reason for the ridicule cast upon him in\\nthe Author s Farce and elsewhere. With Mrs.\\nCharke, the Laureate s intractable and eccentric\\ndaughter, Fielding was naturally on better terms.\\nShe was, as already stated, a member of the\\nGreat Mogul s Gompany, and it is worth noting\\nthat some of the sarcasms in Pasquin against her\\nfather were put into the mouth of Lord Place,\\nwhose part was taken by this undutiful child.\\nAll things considered, both in this controversy\\nand the later one with Pope, Gibber did not\\ncome off worst. His few hits were personal\\nand unscrupulous, and they were probably far\\nmore deadly in their effects than any of the iron-\\nical attacks which his adversaries, on their part,\\ndirected against his poetical ineptitude or halting\\nparts of speech. Despite his superlative cox-\\ncombry and egotism, he was, moreover, a man of\\nno mean abilities. His Careless Husband is a far\\nbetter acting play than any of Fielding s, and his\\nApology, which even Johnson allowed to be\\nwell-done/ is valuable in many respects, espe-\\ncially for its account of the contemporary stage.\\nIn describing an actor or actress he had few\\nequals witness his skilful portrait of Nokes,\\nand his admirably graphic vignette of Mrs. Ver-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "g6 Henry Fielding\\nbruggen as that finished Impertinent, Me-\\nlantha, in Dryden s Marriage A-la-Mode,\\nThe concluding paper in the collected edition\\nof the Champion, published in 1741, is dated\\nJune 19, 1740. On the day following Fielding\\nwas called to the Bar by the benchers of the\\nMiddle Temple, and (says Mr. Lawrence)\\nchambers were assigned him in Pump Court.\\nStimultaneously with this, his regular connection\\nwith journalism appears to have ceased, although\\nfrom his statement in the Preface to the Miscel-\\nlanies, that as long as from June, 1741, he\\nhad desisted from writing one Syllable in the\\nChampion, or any other public Paper/ it may\\nperhaps be inferred that up to that date he con-\\ntinued to contribute now and then. This, never-\\ntheless, is by no means clear. His last utterance\\nin the published volumes^ is certainly in a sense\\nvaledictory, as it refers to the position acquired\\nby the Champion, Q.nd the difficulty experienced\\nin establishing it. Incidentally, it pays a high\\ncompliment to Pope, by speaking of the divine\\nTranslation of the Iliad, which he [Fielding] has\\nlately with no Disadvantage to the Translator com-\\nPARED with the Original, the point of the sen-\\ntence so impressed by its typography, being ap-\\n^An Apology y etc., 1740, pp. 85-7 and 99-100,\\n2 12 June, 1740.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 97\\nparently directed against those critics who had\\ncondemned Pope s work without the requisite\\nknowleds^e of Greek. From the tenor of the\\nrest of the essay it may, however, be concluded\\nthat the writer was taking leave of his enterprise\\nand, according to a note by Bosw^ell,^ it seems\\nthat Mr. Reed of Staple Inn possessed documents\\nwhich showed that Fielding at this juncture, prob-\\nably in anticipation of more lucrative legal duties,\\nsurrendered the reins to Ralph. The Champion\\ncontinued to exist for some time longer indeed,\\nit must be regarded as long-lived among the es-\\nsayists, since the issue which contained its well-\\nknown criticism on Garrick is No. 45 and ap-\\npeared late in 1742. But as far as can be ascer-\\ntained, it never again attained the honours of a\\nreprint.\\nAlthough, after he was called to the Bar,\\nFielding practically relinquished periodical liter-\\nature, he does not seem to have entirely desisted\\nfrom writing. In Sylvanus Urban s Register of\\nBooks, published during January, 1741, is ad-\\nvertised the poem Of True Greatness afterwards\\nincluded in the Miscellanies and the same au-\\nthority announces the Vernoniad, an anonymous\\nburlesque Epic prompted by Admiral Vernon s\\npopular expedition against Porto Bello in 1739,\\n1 Hill s Boszueirs Life of Johnson^ 1S87, i- ^^9*", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "98 Henry Fielding\\nwith six Ships only. That Fielding was the\\nauthor of the latter is sufficiently proved by his\\norder to Mr. Nourse (printed in Roscoe s edi-\\ntion), to deliver fifty copies to Mr. Chappel.\\nAnother sixpenny pamphlet, entitled The Oppo-\\nsition, a Vision, issued in December of the same\\nyear, is enumerated by him, in the Preface to the\\nMiscellanies, among the works he had published\\nsince the End of June, 1741 and, provided\\nit can be placed before this date, he may be cred-\\nited with a political sermon called the Crisis\\n(1741), which is ascribed to him upon the author-\\nity of a writer in NichoFs Anecdotes, He may\\nalso, before **the End of June, 1 741, have writ-\\nten other things but it is clear from his Caveat\\nin the above-mentioned Preface, together\\nwith his complaint that he had been very un-\\njustly censured, as well on account of what he\\nhad not writ, as for what he had, that much\\nmore has been laid to his charge than he ever de-\\nserved. Among ascriptions of this kind may be\\nmentioned the curious Apolog/ for the Life of\\nMr. The Cibber, Comedian, 1740, which is\\ndescribed on its title-page as a proper sequel to\\nthe autobiography of the Laureate, in whose\\nstyle and manner it is said to be written.\\nBut, although this performance is evidently the\\nwork of some one well acquainted with the dra-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 99\\nmatic annals of the day, it is more than doubtful\\nwhether Fielding had any hand or part in it. In-\\ndeed, his own statement that he never was, nor\\nwould be the Author of anonymous Scandal [the\\nitalics are ours] on the private History or Family\\nof any Person whatever, should be regarded as\\nconclusive.\\nDuring all this time he seems to have been\\nsteadily applying himself to the practice of his\\nprofession, if, indeed, that weary hope deferred\\nwhich forms the usual probation of legal prefer-\\nment can properly be so described. As might be\\nanticipated from his Salisbury connections, he\\ntravelled the Western Circuit and, according to\\nHutchins s Dorset^ he assiduously attended the\\nWiltshire sessions. He had many friends among\\nhis brethren of the Bar. His cousin, Henry\\nGould, who had been called in 1734, and who,\\nlike his grandfather, ultimately became a Judge,\\nwas also a member of the Middle Temple and\\nhe was familiar with Charles Pratt, afterwards\\nLord Camden, whom he may have known at\\nEton, but whom he certainly knew in his barrister\\ndays. It is probable, too, that he was ac-\\nquainted with Lord Northington, then Robert\\nHenly, whose name appears as a subscriber to\\nthe Miscellanies^ and who was once supposed to\\n1 Miscellanies, 1743, i., xxviii.\\nkoTC", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "loo Henry Fielding\\ncontend with Kettleby (another subscriber) for\\nthe honour of being the original of the drunken\\nbarrister in Hogarth s Midnight Modern Conver-\\nsation, a picture which no doubt accurately rep-\\nresents a good many of the festivals by which\\nHenry Fielding relieved the tedium of compos-\\ning those MS. folio volumes on Crown or Crim-\\ninal Law, which, after his death, reverted to his\\nhalf-brother. Sir John. But towards the close of\\n1741 he was engaged upon another work which\\nhas outweighed all his most laborious forensic\\nefforts, and which will long remain an English\\nclassic. This was The History of the Adven-\\ntures of Joseph Andrews, and of his Friend Mr.\\nAbraham Adams, published by Andrew Millar,\\nin February, 1742.\\nIn the same number, and at the same page of\\nthe Gentleman s Magazine which contains the\\nadvertisement of the Vernoniad, there is a refer-\\nence to a famous novel which had appeared in\\nNovember, 1740, two months earlier, and had\\nalready attained an extraordinary popularity.\\nSeveral Encomiums (says Mr. Urban) on a\\nSeries of Familiar Letters, published but last\\nmonth, entitled Pamela or Virtue rewarded, came\\ntoo late for this Magazine, and we believe there\\nwill be little Occasion for inserting them in our\\nnext because a Second Edition will then come", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "A Memoir loi\\nout to supply the Demands in the Country, it\\nbeing judge-d in Town as great a Sign of Want\\nof Curiosity not to have read Pamela, as not to\\nhave seen the French and Italian Dancers/ A\\nsecond edition was in fact published in the fol-\\nlowing month (February), to be speedily suc-\\nceeded by a third in March and a fourth in May.\\nDr. Sherlock (oddly misprinted by Mrs. Bar-\\nbauld as Dr. Slocock extolled it from the\\npulpit and the great Mr. Pope was reported to\\nhave gone farther and declared that it would do\\nmore good than many sermons. Other admirers\\nranked it next to the Bible clergymen dedicated\\ntheological treaties to the author and even at\\nRanelagh says Richardson s biographer\\nthose who remember the publication say, that\\nit was usual for ladies to hold up the volumes of\\nPamela to one another, to shew that they had\\ngot the book that every one was talking of.\\nIt is perhaps hypercritical to observe that Rane-\\nlagh Gardens were not open until eighteen months\\nafter Mr. Rivington s duodecimos first made their\\nappearance but it will be gathered from the tone\\nof some of the foregoing commendations that\\nits morality was a strong point with the new can-\\ndidate for literary fame and its leisurely title-\\npage did indeed proclaim at large that it was\\n^Richardson s Correspoyidence^ 1804, i., Iviii.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "I02 Henry Fielding\\nPublished in order to cultivate the Principles\\nof Virtue and Religion in the Minds of the\\nYouth of Both Sexes. Its author, Samuel\\nRichardson was a middle-aged London printer,\\na vegetarian and w^ater-drinker, a worthy, domes-\\nticated, fussy, and highly-nervous little man.\\nDelighting in female society, and accustomed to\\nact as confidant and secretary for the young\\nwomen of his acquaintance, it had been sug-\\ngested to him by some bookseller friends that he\\nshould prepare a little volume of Letters, in a\\ncommon style, on such subjects as might be of\\nuse to those country readers, who were unable\\nto indite for themselves.* As Hogarth s Con-\\nversation Pieces grew into his Progresses, so\\nthis project seems to have developed into Pamela,\\nor Virtue Rewarded. The necessity for some\\nconnecting link between the letters suggested a\\nstory, and the story chosen was founded upon\\nthe actual experiences of a young servant girl,\\nwho, after victoriously resisting all the attempts\\nmade by her master to seduce her, ultimately\\nobliged him to marry her. It is needless to give\\nany account here of the minute and deliberate\\nway in which Richardson filled in this outline.\\nAs one of his critics, D Alembert^ has unanswer-\\nably said La nature est bonne k imiter, mais\\n1 Richardson s Correspondence, 1804, i., lii.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 103\\nnon pas jusqu a Tennui, and the author of\\nPamela has plainly disregarded this useful law.\\nOn the other hand, the tedium and elaboration\\nof his style have tended, in these less leisurely\\ndays, to condemn his work to a neglect which it\\ndoes not deserve. Few writers it is a truism\\nto say so have excelled him in minute analysis\\nof motive, and knowledge of the human heart.\\nAbout the final morality of his heroine s long-\\ndrawn defence of her chastity it may, however,\\nbe permitted to doubt and, in comparing the\\nbook with Fielding s work, it should not be for-\\ngotten that, irreproachable though it seemed to\\nthe author s admirers, good Dr. Watts com-\\nplained (and with reason) of the indelicacy of\\nsome of the scenes.\\nBut, for the moment, we are more concerned\\nwith the effect which Pamela produced upon\\nHenry Fielding, struggling w^ith that eternal\\nwant of pence, which vexes public men, and\\nvaguely hoping for some profitable opening for\\npowers which had not yet been satisfactorily ex-\\nercised. To his robust and masculine genius,\\nnever very nicely sensitive where the relations of\\nthe sexes are concerned, the strange conjunction\\nof purity and precaution in Richardson s heroine\\nwas a thing unnatural, and a theme for inextinguish-\\nable Homeric laughter. That Pamela, through all", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "I04 Henry Fielding\\nher trials, could really have cherished any affection\\nfor her unscrupulous admirer would seem to him\\na sentimental absurdity, and the unprecedented\\nsuccess of the book would sharpen his sense of\\nits assailable side. Possibly, too, his acquaint-\\nance with Richardson, v/hom he knew personally,\\nbut with whom he could have had no genuine\\nsympathy, disposed him against his work. In\\nany case, the idea presently occurred to Fielding\\nof depicting a young man in circumstances of simi-\\nlar importunity at the hands of a dissolute woman of\\nfashion. He took for his hero Pamela s brother,\\nand by a malicious stroke of the pen turned the\\nMr. B. of Pamela into Squire Booby. But the\\nprocess of invention speedily carried him into\\npaths far beyond the mere parody of Richardson,\\nand it is only in the first portion of the book that\\nhe really remembers his intention. After chapter\\nX. the story follows its natural course, and there\\nis little or nothing of Lady Booby, or her frus-\\ntrate amours. Indeed, the author does not even\\npretend to preserve congruity as regards his hero,\\nfor, in chapter v., he makes him tell his mistress\\nthat he has never been in love, while in chapter\\nxi. we are informed that he had long been attached\\nto the charming Fanny. Moreover, in the inter-\\nvening letters which Joseph writes to his sister\\nPamela, he makes no reference to this long-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 105\\nexistent attachment, with which, one would\\nthink, she must have been perfectly familiar.\\nThese discrepancies all point, not so much to\\nnegligence on the part of the author, as to an un-\\nconscious transformation of his plan. He no\\ndoubt found that mere ridicule of Richardson\\nwas insufficient to sustain the interest of any\\nserious effort, and, besides, must have been\\nsecretly conscious that the Pamela character-\\nistics of his hero were artistically irreconcilable\\nwith the personal bravery and cudgel-playing at-\\ntributes with which he had endowed him. Add\\nto this that Mrs. Slipslop and Parson Adams\\nthe latter especially had begun to acquire an\\nimportance with their creator for which the ini-\\ntial scheme had by no means provided and he\\nfinally seems to have disregarded his design, only\\nreturning to it in his last chapters in order to close\\nhis work with some appearance of consistency.\\nThe History of Joseph Andrews, it has been said,\\nmight well have dispensed with Lady Booby\\naltogether, and yet, without her, not only this\\nbook, but Tom Jones and Amelia also, would\\nprobably have been lost to us. The accident\\nwhich prompted three such performances cannot\\nbe honestly regretted.\\nIt was not without reason that Fielding added\\nprominently to his title-page the name of Mr.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "io6 Henry Fielding\\nAbraham Adams. If he is not the real hero of\\nthe book, he is undoubtedly the character whose\\nfortunes the reader follows with the closest inter-\\nest. Whether he is smoking his black and con-\\nsolatory pipe in the gallery of the inn, or losing\\nhis way while he meditates a passage of Greek,\\nor groaning over the fatuities of the man-of-\\nfashion in Leonora s story, or brandishing his fa-\\nmous crabstick in defence of Fanny, he is always\\nthe same delightful mixture of benevolence and\\nsimplicity, of pedantry and credulity and igno-\\nrance of the world. He is compact, to use\\nShakespeare s word, of the oddest contradictions,\\nthe most diverting eccentricities. He has\\nAristotle s Politics at his finger s ends, but he\\nknows nothing of the daily GuT^etteers he is per-\\nfectly familiar with the Pillars of Hercules, but\\nhe has never even heard of the Levant. He\\ntravels to London to sell a collection of sermons\\nwhich he has forgotten to carry with him and in\\na moment of excitement he tosses into the fire\\nthe copy of ^schylus which it has cost him years\\nto transcribe. He gives irreproachable advice\\nto Joseph on fortitude and resignation but he is\\noverwhelmed with grief when his child is reported\\nto be drowned. When he speaks upon faith and\\nworks, on marriage, on school discipline, he is\\nweighty and sensible but he falls an easy victim", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 107\\nto the plausible professions of every rogue he\\nmeets, and is willing to believe in the principles\\nof Mr. Peter Pounce, or the humanity of Parson\\nTrulliber. Not all the discipline of hog s blood\\nand cudgels and cold water to which he is sub-\\njected can deprive him of his native dignity and\\nas he stands before us in the short great-coat\\nunder which his ragged cassock is continually\\nmaking its uninvited appearance, with his old wig\\nand battered hat, a clergyman whose social posi-\\ntion is scarcely above that of a footman, and who\\nsupports a wife and six children upon a cure of\\ntwenty-three pounds a year, which his outspoken\\nhonesty is continually jeopardising, he is a far\\nfiner figure than Pamela in her coach-and-six, or\\nBellarmine in his cinnamon velvet. If not, as\\nMr. Lawrence says, with exaggerated enthusi-\\nasm, *^the grandest delineation of a pattern\\npriest which the world has yet seen, he is as-\\nsuredly a noble example of primitive goodness\\nand practical Christianity. It is not impossible\\nas Mr. Forster and Mr. Keightley have sug-\\ngested that Goldsmith borrowed some of his\\ncharacteristics for Dr. Primrose, and it has been\\npointed out that Sterne remembered him in more\\nthan one page of Tristram Shandy.\\nNext to Parson Adams, perhaps the best char-\\nacter in Joseph Andrews though of an entirely", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "io8 Henry Fielding\\ndifferent type is Lady Booby s Waiting-\\nGentlewoman/ the excellent Mrs. Slipslop.\\nHer sensitive dignity, her easy changes from\\nservility to insolence, her sensuality, her in-\\nimitably distorted vocabulary, which Sheridan\\nborrowed for Mrs. Malaprop, and Dickens\\nmodified for Mrs. Gamp, are all peculiarities\\nwhich make up a personification of the richest\\nhumour and the most life-like reality. Mr.\\nPeter Pounce, too, with his scoundrel maxims,\\nas disclosed in that remarkable dialogue which\\nis said to be better worth reading than all the\\nWorks of Colley Cibber, and in which charity is\\ndefined as consisting rather in a disposition to\\nrelieve distress than in an actual act of relief;\\nParson Trulliber with his hogs, his greediness,\\nand his willingness to prove his Christianity by\\nfisticuffs shrewish Mrs. Tow-wouse with her\\nscold s tongue, and her erring but perfectly sub-\\njugated husband, these again are portraits\\nfinished with admirable spirit and fidelity. An-\\ndrews himself, and his blushing sweetheart, do\\nnot lend themselves so readily to humorous art.\\nNevertheless the former, when freed from the\\nwiles of Lady Booby, is by no means a despi-\\ncable hero, and Fanny is a sufficiently fresh and\\nblooming heroine. The characters of Pamela\\nand Mr. Booby are fairly preserved from the", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 109\\npages of their original inventor. But when\\nFielding makes Parson Adams rebuke the pair\\nfor laughing in church at Joseph s wedding, and\\nputs into the lady s mouth a sententious little\\nspeech upon her altered position in life, he is\\nadding some ironical touches which Richardson\\nwould certainly have omitted.\\nNo selection of personages, however, even of\\nthe most detailed and particular description, can\\nconvey any real impression of the mingled irony\\nand insight, the wit and satire, the genial but\\nperfectly remorseless revelation of human springs\\nof action, which distinguish scene after scene of\\nthe book. Nothing, for example, can be more\\nadmirable than the different manifestations of\\nmeanness which take place among the travellers\\nof the stage-coach, in the oft-quoted chapter\\nwhere Joseph, having been robbed of everything,\\nlies naked and bleeding in the ditch. There is\\nMiss Grave-airs, who protests against the in-\\ndecency of his entering the vehicle, but like a\\ncertain lady in the Rake s Progress, holds the\\nsticks of her fan before her face while he does\\nso, and who is afterwards found to be carrying\\nNantes under the guise of Hungary-water\\nthere is the lawyer who advises that the wounded\\nman shall be taken in, not from any humane mo-\\ntive, but because he is afraid of being involved", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "no Henry Fielding\\nin legal proceedings if they leave him to his fate\\nthere is the wit who seizes the occasion for a\\nburst of equivocal facetice, chiefly designed for\\nthe discomfiture of the prude and, lastly, there\\nis the coachman, whose only concern is the shil-\\nling for his fare, and who refuses to lend either\\nof the useless greatcoats he is sitting upon, lest\\n*Uhey should be made bloody, leaving the\\nshivering suppliant to be clothed by the generos-\\nity of the postilion Q a Lad, says Fielding with\\na fine touch of satire, who hath been since\\ntransported for robbing a Hen-roost This\\nworthy fellow accordingly strips off his only outer\\ngarment, at the same time swearing a great\\nOath, for which he is piously rebuked by the\\npassengers, that he would rather ride in his\\nShirt all his Life, than suffer a Fellow-Creature\\nto lie in so miserable a Condition. Then there\\nare the admirable scenes which succeed Joseph s\\nadmission into the inn the discussion between\\nthe bookseller and the two parsons as to the\\npublication of Adams s sermons, which the\\nClergy would be certain to cry down, be-\\ncause they inculcate good words against faith\\nthe debate before the justice as to the manuscript\\nof iEschylus, which is mistaken for one of the\\nFathers and the pleasant discourse between the\\npoet and the player which, beginning by compli-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "A Memoir m\\nmerits, bids fair to end in blows. Nor are the\\nstories of Leonora and Mr. Wilson without their\\ninterest. They interrupt the straggling narrative\\nfar less than the Man of the Hill interrupts Tom\\nJones, and they afford an opportunity for varying\\nthe epic of the highway by pictures of polite so-\\nciety which could not otherwise be introduced.\\nThere can be little doubt, too, that some of Mr.\\nWilson s town experiences were the reflection of\\nthe author s own career while the character-\\nistics of Leonora s lover Horatio, who was\\n**a young Gentleman of a good Family, bred to\\nthe Law, and recently called to the Bar, whose\\nFace and Person were such as the Generality\\nallowed handsome but he had a Dignity in his\\nAir very rarely to be seen, and who *^had Wit\\nand Humour with an Inclination to Satire, which\\nhe indulged rather too much read almost\\nlike a complimentary description of Fielding him-\\nself.i\\nLike Hogarth, in that famous drinking scene to\\nwhich reference has already been made. Fielding\\nwas careful to disclaim any personal portraiture\\nin Joseph Andrews. In the opening chapter of\\nBook iii. he declares once for all, that he de-\\nscribes not Men, but Manners; not an Indi-\\nvidual, but a Species, although he admits that\\n1 Joseph Andrews i 2d Ed., 1742, i. 157-8.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "112 Henry Fielding\\nhis characters are taken from Life. In his\\nPreface, he reiterates this profession, adding\\nthat in copying from nature^ he has used the\\nutmost Care to obscure the Persons by such differ-\\nent Circumstances, Degrees, and Colours, that it\\nwill be impossible to guess at them with any de-\\ngree of Certainty. Nevertheless as in Ho-\\ngarth s case neither his protests nor his skill\\nhave prevented some of those identifications\\nwhich are so seductive to the curious and it is\\ngenerally believed, indeed, it was expressly\\nstated by Richardson and others, that the\\nprototype of Parson Adams was a friend of\\nFielding, the Reverend William Young. Like\\nAdams, he was a scholar and devoted to\\niEschylus he resembled him, too, in his trick of\\nsnapping his fingers, and his habitual absence of\\nmind. Of this latter peculiarity it is related that\\non one occasion, when a chaplain in Marl-\\nborough s wars, he strolled abstractedly into the\\nenemy s lines with his beloved jEschylus in his\\nhand. His peaceable intentions were so unmis-\\ntakable that he was instantly released, and po-\\nlitely directed to his regiment. Once, too, it is\\nsaid, on being charged by a gentleman with sit-\\nting for the portrait of Adams, he offered to\\nknock the speaker down, thereby supplying ad-\\nditional proof of the truth of the allegation. He", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 113\\ndied in August, 17^7, and is buried in the Chapel\\nof Chelsea Hospital. The obituary notice in\\nthe Genilemans Magazine describes him as\\nlate of Gillingham, Dorsetshire/ which would\\nmake him a neighbour of the novelist.^ Another\\ntradition connects Mr. Peter Pounce with the\\nscrivener and usurer Peter Walter, whom Pope\\nhad satirised, and whom Hogarth is thought to\\nhave introduced i^nto Plate i. of Marriage\\nd-la-Mode. His sister lived at Salisbury; and\\nhe himself had an estate at Staibridge Park,\\nwhich was close to East Stour. From references\\nto Walter in the Champion, as well as in the\\nEssay on Conversation,^ it is clear that Fielding\\nknew him personally, and disliked him. He\\nmay, indeed, have been among those county\\nmagnates whose criticism was so objectionable to\\nCaptain Booth during his brief residence in\\nDorsetshire. Parson Trulliber, also, according\\nto Murphy, was Fielding s first tutor Mr.\\nOliver of Motcombe. But his w^dow denied\\nthe resemblance and it is hard to believe that\\nthis portrait is not overcharged. In all these\\ncases, however, there is no reason for supposing\\nthat Fielding, like many another from Le Sage to\\nLord Thurlow was accustomed to find a later likeness to\\nFielding s hero in his protege j the poet Crabbe.\\n\u00c2\u00ab3I May, 1740. Miscellanies 1743, i. 136.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "114 Henry Fielding\\nDaudet, may not have thoroughly believed in the\\nsincerity of his attempts to avoid the exact re-\\nproduction of actual persons, although, rightly\\nor wrongly, his presentments were speedily\\nidentified. With ordinary people it is by salient\\ncharacteristics that a likeness is established and\\nno variation of detail, however skilful, greatly\\naffects this result. In our own days we have\\nseen that, in spite of both authors, the public de-\\nclined to believe that the Harold Skimpole of\\nCharles Dickens, and George Eliot s Dinah\\nMorris, were not perfectly recognisable copies\\nof living originals.\\nUpon its title-page, Joseph Andrews is declared\\nto be written in Imitation of the Manner of\\nCervantes, and there is no doubt that, in addi-\\ntion to being subjected to an unreasonable\\namount of ill-usage, Parson Adams has manifest\\naffinities with Don Quixote. Scott, however,\\nseems to have thought that Scarron s Roman\\nComique was the real model, so far as mock-\\nheroic was concerned but he must have for-\\ngotten that Fielding was already the author of\\nTom Thumb, and that Swift had written the\\nBattle of the Books. Resemblances have also\\nbeen traced to the Paysan Parvenu and the His-\\ntoire de Marianne of Marivaux. With both these\\nbooks Fielding was familiar in fact, he ex-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 115\\npressly mentions them, as well as the Roman\\nComlque, in the course of his story, and they\\ndoubtless exercised more or less influence upon\\nhis plan. But in the Preface^ from which we\\nhave already quoted, he describes that plan and\\nthis, because it is something definite, is more in-\\nteresting than any speculation as to his determin-\\ning models. After marking the division of the\\nEpic, like the Drama^ into Tragedy and Comedy,\\nhe points out that it may exist in prose as well as\\nverse, and he proceeds to explain that what he\\nhas attempted in Joseph Andrews is a comic\\nEpic-Poem in Prose, differing from serious ro-\\nmance in its substitution of a light and ridic-\\nulous fable for a grave and solemn one, of\\ninferior characters for those of superior rank,\\nand of ludicrous for sublime sentiments. Some-\\ntimes in the diction he has admitted burlesque,\\nbut never in the sentiments and characters, where,\\nhe contends, it would be out of place. He\\nfurther defines the only source of the true ridicu-\\nlous to be affectation, of which the chief causes\\nare vanity and hypocrisy. Whether this scheme\\nwas an after-thought it is difficult to say but it\\nis certainly necessary to a proper understanding\\nof the author s method a method which Vv as to\\nfind so many imitators. Another passage in the\\nPreface is worthy of remark. With reference to", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "ii6 Henry Fielding\\nthe pictures of vice which the book contains, he\\nobserves First, That it is very difficult to\\npursue a Series of human Actions, and keep\\nclear from them. Secondly, That the Vices to\\nbe found here [u e,, in Joseph Andrews] are rather\\nthe accidental Consequences of some human\\nFrailty, or Foible, than Causes habitually exist-\\ning in the Mind. Thirdly, That they are never\\nset forth as the Objects of Ridicule but Detes-\\ntation. Fourthly, That they are never the prin-\\ncipal Figure at that Time on the Scene and,\\nlastly, they never produce the intended Evil.\\nIn reading some pages of Fielding it is not al-\\nways easy to see that he has strictly adhered to\\nthese principles but it is well to recall them oc-\\ncasionally, as constituting at all events the code\\nthat he desired to follow.\\nAlthough the popularity of Fielding s first\\nnovel was considerable, it did not, to judge by\\nthe number of editions, at once equal the popu-\\nlarity of the book by which it was suggested.\\nPamela, as we have seen, speedily ran through\\nfour editions but it was six months before Millar\\npublished the second and revised edition of\\nJoseph Andrews and the third did not appear\\n1 Joseph Andrews y 2d Ed., 1742, i., xiv.-v.\\n2 From certain extracts from the ledger of Woodfall, the\\nprinter, which were published in Notes and Queries, 1st", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 117\\nuntil more than a year after the date of first pub-\\nlication. With Richardson, as might be ex-\\npected, it was never popular at all, and to a great\\nextent it is possible to sympathise with his an-\\nnoyance. The daughter of his brain, whom he\\nhad piloted through so many troubles, had grown\\nto him more real than the daughters of his body,\\nand to see her at the height of her fame made\\ncontemptible by what in one of his letters he\\nterms a lewd and ungenerous engraftment,\\nm.ust have been a sore trial to his absorbed and\\nself-conscious nature, and one which not all the\\nconsolations of his consistory of feminine flatterers\\nmy ladies, as the little man called them\\ncould wholly alleviate. But it must be admitted\\nthat his subsequent attitude was neither judicious\\nnor dignified. He pursued Fielding henceforth\\nwith steady depreciation, caught eagerly at any\\nscandal respecting him, professed himself unable\\nto perceive his genius, deplored his lowness,\\nand comforted himself by reflecting that, if he\\npleased at all, it was because he had learned the\\nart from Pamela, Of Fielding s other contempo-\\nrary critics, one only need be mentioned here,\\nmore on account of his literary eminence than of\\nSeries, xi. 418, it appears that 1500 copies of the first edition\\nwere struck off in February, 1742, and 2000 of the second\\nin the following May.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "ii8 Henry Fielding\\nthe special felicity of his judgment. I have\\nmyself/ writes Gray to West, upon your rec-\\nommendation, been reading Joseph Andrews.\\nThe incidents are ill laid and without invention\\nbut the characters have a great deal of nature,\\nwhich always pleases even in her lowest shapes.\\nParson Adams is perfectly well so is Mrs. Slip-\\nslop, and the story of Wilson and throughout\\nhe [the author] shews himself well read in Stage-\\nCoaches, Country Squires, Inns, and Inns of\\nCourt. His reflections upon high people and\\nlow people, and misses and masters, are very\\ngood. However the exaltedness of some minds\\n(or rather as I shrewdly suspect their insipidity\\nand want of feeling or observation) may make\\nthem insensible to these light things, (I mean\\nsuch as characterise and paint nature) yet surely\\nthey are as weighty and much more useful than\\nyour grave discourses upon the mind, the pas-\\nsions, and what not. And thereupon follows\\nthat fantastic utterance concerning the romances\\nof MM. Marivaux and Cr6billon_/z/5, which has\\ndisconcerted so many of Gray s admirers. We\\nsuspect that any reader who should nowadays\\ncontrast the sickly and sordid intrigue of the\\nPaysan Parvenu with the healthy animalism of\\n1 Mason s Poems and Memoirs of Gray, 2d Ed., 1 7 75,\\npp. 138-9.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 119\\nJoseph Andrews would greatly prefer the latter.\\nYet Gray s verdict, though cold, is not undis-\\ncriminating, and is perhaps as much as one could\\nexpect from his cloistered and fastidious taste.\\nVarious anecdotes, all more or less apocryphal,\\nhave been related respecting the first appearance\\nof Joseph Andrews^ and the sum paid to the\\nauthor for the copyright. A reference to the\\noriginal assignment, now in the Forster Library\\nat South Kensington, definitely settles the latter\\npoint. The amount in lawful Money of Great\\nBritain, received by Henry Fielding, of the\\nMiddle Temple, Esq., from Andrew Millar\\nof St. Clement s Danes in the Strand, Book-\\nseller, was \u00c2\u00a3iQ] iis. In this document, as\\nin the order to Nourse of which a facsimile is\\ngiven by Roscoe, both the author s name and\\nsignature are written with the old-fashioned\\ndouble f, and he calls himself Fielding and\\nnot Feilding, like the rest of the Denbigh\\nfamily. If we may trust an anecdote given by\\nKippis, the fifth Lord Denbigh once asked his\\nkinsman the reason of this difference. I can-\\nnot tell, my Lord, returned the novelist, ex-\\ncept it be that my branch of the family were the\\nfirst that knew how to spell. In connection\\nwith this assignment, however, what is perhaps\\n1 Nichol s Literary Anecdotes 1812, iii. 384.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "I20 Henry Fielding\\neven more interesting than these discrepancies is\\nthe fact that one of the witnesses was William\\nYoung. Thus we have Parson Adams acting as\\nwitness to the sale of the very book which he\\nhad helped to immortalise.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER IV\\nVindication of the Duchess of Marlboroughy ^\\\\.2,xQS\\\\^ 1 742;\\nMiss Lucy in Town^ May PlutuSy the God of Riches^\\nMay; Pope and Fielding; Garrick and The Wedding\\nDay Macklin s prologue the Miscellanies y April, 1743;\\nEssays, On Conversation On the Characters\\nof Men A Journey from this World to the Next;\\nJonathan Wild domestic history, and death of Mrs.\\nFielding, 1743, Lady Louisa Stuart s account; Mr.\\nKeightley s comments prefaces to David Simple and\\nFainiliar Letters; the True Patriot 1745, and the\\nJacobite s Journal y 1747; tribute to Richardson; second\\nmarriage, 27 November, 1747 Justice of Peace for West-\\nminster and Middlesex, December, 1748.\\nTN March, 1742, according to an article in\\nthe Gentleman s Magazine, attributed to Sam-\\nuel Johnson, the most popular Topic of Con-\\nversation was the Account of the Conduct of the\\nDowager Duchess of Marlborough^ from her first\\ncoming to Court, to the Year 1710, which,\\nwith the help of Hooke of the Roman History,\\nthe terrible old Sarah had just put forth.\\nAmong the little cloud of Sarah- Ads and Old\\nWives Tales evoked by this production, was a\\nVindication of her Grace by Fielding, specially", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "122 Henry Fielding\\nprompted, as appears from the title-page, by the\\nlate scurrilous Pamphlet of a noble\\nAuthor. If this were not acknowledged to be\\nfrom Fielding s pen in the Preface to the Miscel-\\nlanies (in which collection, however, it is not re-\\nprinted), its authorship would be sufficiently\\nproved by its being included with Miss Lucy in\\nTowri in the assignment to Andrew Millar re-\\nferred to at the close of the preceding chapter.\\nThe price Millar paid for it was ^s., or ex-\\nactly half that of the farce. But it is only reason-\\nable to assume that the Duchess herself (who is\\nsaid to have given Hooke ;^)000 for his help)\\nalso rewarded her champion. Whether Field-\\ning s admiration for the glorious Woman in\\nwhose cause he had drawn his pen was genuine,\\nor whether to use Johnson s convenient eu-\\nphemism concerning Hooke **he was acting\\nonly ministerially, are matters for speculation.\\nHis father, however, had served under the Duke,\\nand there may have been a traditional attachment\\nto the Churchills on the part of his family. It\\nhas even been ingeniously suggested that Sarah\\nFielding was her Grace s god-child but as her\\nmother s name was also Sarah, no importance can\\nbe attached to the suggestion.\\n1 Memoirs of Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough^ etc., by\\nMrs. A. T. Thomson, 1839.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 1 23\\nMiss Lucy in Town, as its sub-title explains,\\nwas a sequel to the Virgin Unmask d, and was\\nproduced at Drury Lane in May, 1742. As\\nalready stated in chapter ii., Fielding s part in it\\nwas small. It is a lively but not very creditable\\ntrifle, which turns upon certain equivocal London\\nexperiences of the Miss Lucy of the earlier piece\\nand it seems to have been chiefly intended to\\nafford an opportunity for some clever imitation of\\nthe reigning Italian singers by Mrs. Cliveandthe\\nfamous tenor Beard. Horace Walpole, who re-\\nfers to it in a letter to Mann, between an ac-\\ncount of the opening of Ranelagh and an anec-\\ndote of Mrs. Bracegirdle, calls it a little simple\\nfarce, and says that Mrs. Clive mimics the\\nMuscovita admirably, and Beard, Amorevoli tol-\\nerably. Mr. Walpole detested the Muscovita,\\nand adored Amorevoli, which perhaps accounts for\\nthe nice discrimination shown in his praise. One\\nof the other characters, Mr, Zorobabel, a Jew, was\\ntaken by Macklin, and from another, Mrs. Hay-\\ncock (afterwards changed to Mrs. Midnight),\\nFoote is supposed to have borrowed Mother\\nCole in The Miner. A third character. Lord\\nBawble^ was considered to reflect upon ^a par-\\nticular person of quality, and the piece was\\nspeedily forbidden by the Lord Chamberlain, al-\\n1 Correspondence f by Cunningham, 1877, ^^S*", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "124 Henry Fielding\\nthough it appears to have been acted a few\\nmonths later without opposition. One of the re-\\nsults of the prohibition, according to Mr. Law-\\nrence, was a Letter to a Noble Lord (the Lord\\nChamberlain) occasioned by a Represen-\\ntation of a Farce called Miss Lucy in\\nTown This, in spite of the Caveat in the Pref-\\nace to the Miscellanies^ he ascribes to Fielding,\\nand styles it a sharp expostulation in\\nwhich he [Fielding] disavowed any idea of a per-\\nsonal attack. But Mr. Lawrence must have\\nbeen misinformed on the subject, for the pam-\\nphlet bears little sign of Fielding s hand. As far\\nas it is intelligible, it is rather against Miss Lucy\\nthan for her, and it makes no reference to Lord\\nBawble s original. The name of this injured pa-\\ntrician seems indeed never to have transpired\\nbut he could scarcely have been in any sense an\\nexceptional member of the Georgian aristocracy.\\nIn the same month that Miss Lucy in Town\\nappeared at Drury Lane, Millar published it in\\nbook form. In the following June, T. Waller of\\nthe Temple-Cloisters issued the first of a contem-\\nplated series of translations from Aristophanes by\\nHenry Fielding, Esq., and the Rev. William\\nYoung who sat for Parson Adams. The play\\nchosen was Plutus, the God of Riches, and a\\n1 Life of Fielding, 1855, 168.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 125\\nnotice upon the original cover stated that, accord-\\ning to the reception it met with from the public,\\nit would be followed by the others. It must be\\npresumed that the distressed, and at present,\\ndeclining State of Learning to which the au-\\nthors referred in their dedication to Lord Tal-\\nbot, was not a mere form of speech, for the enter-\\nprise does not seem to have met with sufficient\\nencouragement to justify its continuance, and\\nthis special rendering has long since been sup-\\nplanted by the more modern versions of Mitchell,\\nFrere, and others. Whether Fielding took any\\nlarge share in it is not now discernible. It is most\\nlikely, however, that the bulk of the work was\\nYoung s, and that his colleague did little more\\nthan furnish the Preface, which is partly written\\nin the first person, and betrays its origin by a\\nsudden and not very relevant attack upon the\\npretty, dapper, brisk, smart, pert Dialogue of\\nModern Comedy into which the infinite Wit\\nof Wycherley had degenerated under Gibber.\\nIt also contains a compliment to the numbers of\\nthe inimitable Author of the Essay on Man.\\nThis is the second compliment which Fielding\\nhad paid to Pope within a brief period, the first\\nhaving been that in the Champion respecting the\\ntranslation of the Iliad. What his exact relations\\nwith the author of the Dunciad were, has never", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "126 Henry Fielding\\nbeen divulged. At first they seem to have been\\nrather hostile than friendly. Fielding had ridi-\\nculed the Roman Church in the Old Debauchees,\\na course which Pope could scarcely have ap-\\nproved and he was, moreover, the cousin of\\nLady Mary, now no longer throned in the\\nTwickenham Temple. Pope had commented\\nupon a passage in Tom Thumb, and Fielding had\\nindirectly referred to Pope in the Covent Garden\\nTragedy, When it had been reported that Pope\\nhad gone to see Pasquin, the statement had been\\nat once contradicted. But Fielding was now,\\nlike Pope, against Walpole and Joseph Andrews\\nhad been published. It may therefore be that\\nthe compliments in Plutus and the Champion\\nwere the result of some rapprochement between\\nthe two. It is, nevertheless, curious that, at this\\nvery time, an attempt appears to have been made\\nto connect the novelist with the controversy\\nwhich presently arose out of Gibber s well-known\\nletter to Pope. In August, 1742, the month fol-\\nlowing its publication, among the pamphlets to\\nwhich it gave rise, was announced The Cudgel;\\nor, a Crab-tree Lecture, To the Author of the\\nDunciad. By Hercules Vinegar, Esq. This\\nvery mediocre satire in verse is still to be found\\nat the British Museum but even if it were not\\nincluded in Fielding s general disclaimer as to", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 127\\nunsigned work, it would be difficult to connect it\\nwith him. To give but one reason, it would\\nmake him the ally and adherent of Gibber,\\nwhich is absurd. In all probability, like another\\nGrub Street squib under the same pseudonym, it\\nwas by Ralph, who had already attacked Pope,\\nand continued to maintain the Gaptain s character\\nin the Champion long after Fielding had ceased\\nto write for it. It is even possible that Ralph\\nhad some share in originating the Vinegar family,\\nfor it is noticeable that the paper in which they\\nare first introduced bears no initials. In this case\\nhe would consider himself free to adopt the name,\\nhowever disadvantageous that course might be to\\nFielding s reputation. And it is clear that, what-\\never their relations had been in the past, they\\nwere for the time on opposite sides in politics, since\\nwhile Fielding had been vindicating the Duchess\\nof Marlborough^ Ralph had been writing against\\nher.\\nThese, however, are minor questions, the dis-\\ncussion of which would lead too far from the\\nmain narrative of Fielding s life. In the same\\nletter in which Walpole had referred to Miss\\nLucy III Toirn, he had spoken of the success of\\na new player at Goodman s Fields, after whom\\nall the town, in Gray s phrase, was horn-mad\\nbut in whose acting Mr. Walpole, with a critical", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "128 Henry Fielding\\ndistrust of novelty, saw nothing particularly won-\\nderful. This was David Garrick. He had been\\nadmitted a student of Lincoln s Inn a year before\\nFielding entered the Middle Temple, had after-\\nwards turned wine-merchant, and was now de-\\nlighting London by his versatility in comedy,\\ntragedy, and farce. One of his earliest theatrical\\nexploits, according to Sir John Hawkins, had\\nbeen a private representation of Fielding s\\nMock-Doctor, in a room over the St. John s Gate,\\nClerkenwell, so long familiar to subscribers of\\nthe Gentleman s Magazine his fellow-actors\\nbeing Cave s journeymen printers, and his audi-\\nence Cave, Johnson, and a few friends.^ After\\nthis he appears to have made the acquaintance of\\nFielding; and late in 1742, applied to him to\\nknow if he had any Play by him, as he was\\ndesirous of appearing in a new Part. As a\\nmatter of fact Fielding had two plays by him\\nthe Good-natured Man (a title subsequently used\\nby Goldsmith), and a piece called The Wedding\\nDay. The former was almost finished the latter\\nwas an early work, being indeed the third Dra-\\nmatic Performance he ever attempted. The\\nnecessary arrangements having been made with\\nMr. Fleetwood, the manager of Drury Lane,\\nFielding set to work to complete the Good-\\n1 Life of Johnson f 1787, p. 45.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 129\\nnatured Man, which he considered the better of\\nthe two. When he had done so, he came to\\nthe conclusion that it required more attention\\nthan he could give it and moreover, that the\\npart allotted to Garrick, although it satisfied the\\nactor, was scarcely important enough. He ac-\\ncordingly reverted to the Wedding Day, the cen-\\ntral character of which had been intended for\\nWilks. It had many faults which none saw more\\nclearly than the author himself, but he hoped that\\nGarrick s energy and reputation, would trium-\\nphantly surmount all obstacles. He hoped, as\\nwell, to improve it by revision. The dangerous\\nillness of his wife, however, made it impossible\\nfor him to execute his task and, as he was\\npressed for money, the Wedding Day was pro-\\nduced on the 17th of February, 1743, appar-\\nently much as it had been first written some dozen\\nyears before. As might be anticipated, it was\\nnot a success. The character of Millamour is\\none which it is hard to believe that even Garrick\\ncould have made attractive, and though others of\\nthe parts were entrusted to Mrs. Woffington,\\nMrs. Pritchard, and Macklin, it was acted but six\\nnights. The author s gains were under \u00c2\u00a3)0,\\nIn the Preface to the Miscellanies, from which\\nmost of the foregoing account is taken, Fielding,\\nas usual, refers its failure to other causes than its", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "130 Henry Fielding\\ninherent defects. Rumours, he says, had been\\ncirculated as to its indecency (and in truth some\\nof the scenes are more than hazardous) but it\\nhad passed the licenser, and must be supposed to\\nhave been up to the moral standard of the time.\\nIts unfavourable reception, as Fielding must\\nhave known in his heart, w^as due to its artistic\\nshortcomings, and also to the fact that a change\\nwas taking place in the public taste. It is in con-\\nnection with the Wedding Day that one of the\\nbest-known anecdotes of the author is related.\\nGarrick had begged him to retrench a certain\\npassage. This Fielding, either from indolence or\\nunwillingness, declined to do, asserting that if it\\nwas not good, the audience might find it out. The\\npassage was promptly hissed, and Garrick returned\\nto the green-room, where the author was solacing\\nhimself with a bottle of champagne. What is\\nthe matter, Garrick? said he to the flustered\\nactor; what are they hissing now He was\\ninformed with some heat that they had been hiss-\\ning the very scene he had been asked to with-\\ndraw, and, added Garrick, they have so\\nfrightened me, that I shall not be able to collect\\nmyself again the whole night. Oh! an-\\nswered the author, with an oath, they have\\nfound it out, have they This rejoinder is\\nusually quoted as an instance of Fielding s con-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 131\\ntempt for the intelligence of his audience but\\nnine men in ten, it may be observed, would have\\nsaid something of the same sort.^\\nThe only other thing which need be re-\\nferred to in connection with this comedy the\\nlast of his own dramatic works which Fielding\\nJ ever witnessed upon the stage is Macklin s\\ndoggerel Prologue. Mr. Lawrence attributes\\nthis to Fielding but he seems to have over-\\nlooked the fact that in the Miscellanies it is\\nheaded, Writ and Spoken by Mr. Macklin/\\nwhich gives it more interest as the work of an\\noutsider than if it had been a mere laugh by the\\nauthor at himself. Garrick is represented as\\ntoo busy to speak the prologue and Fielding,\\nwho has been drinking to raise his Spirits/\\nhas begged Macklin with his long, dismal,\\nMercy-begging Face, to go on and apologise.\\nMacklin then pretends to recognise him among\\nthe audience, and pokes fun at his anxieties,\\ntelling him that he had better have stuck to\\nhonest Abram AdamSy who, ^^in spight of\\nCritics, can make his Readers laugh. The\\nwords *Mn spite of critics indicate another dis-\\ntinction between Fielding s novels and plays,\\nwhich should have its weight in any comparison\\nof them. The censors of the pit, in the eight-\\n1 Works y 1762, i. 26.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "132 Henry Fielding\\neenth century, seem to have exercised an un-\\nusual influence in deciding whether a play\\nshould succeed or not and, from Fielding s\\nfrequent references to friends and enemies, it\\nwould almost seem as if he believed their suffrages\\nto be more important than a good plot and a\\nwitty dialogue. On the other hand, no coterie\\nof Wits and Templars could kill a book like Joseph\\nAndrews, To say nothing of the opportunities\\nafforded by the novel for more leisurely character-\\ndrawing, and greater by-play of reflection and\\ndescription its reader was an isolated and inde-\\npendent judge and in the long run the differ-\\nence told wonderfully in favour of the author.\\nMacklin was obviously right in recommending\\nFielding, even in jest, to stick to Parson Adams,\\nand from the familiar publicity of the advice it\\nmay also be inferred, not only that the opinion\\nwas one commonly current, but that the novel\\nwas unusually popular.\\nThe Wedding Day was issued separately in\\nFebruary, 174?. It must therefore be assumed\\nthat the three volumes of Miscellanies^ by Henry\\nFielding, Esq., in which it was reprinted^ and to\\n1 The Rev. James Miller s Coffee-House, for example, was\\ndamned in 1737 by the Templars because it was supposed\\nto reflect on Mrs. Yarrow and her daughter, the keepers of\\nDick s, at Temple Bar. {Biog. Draiiiatica, 1812, ii. 1 1 1.)", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 133\\nwhich reference has so ofien been made in these\\npages, did not appear until later.^ They were\\npublished by subscription and the list, in ad-\\ndition to a large number of aristocratic and legal\\nnames, contains some of more permanent interest.\\nSide by side with the Chesterfields and Marl-\\nboroughs and Buriingtons and Denbighs, come\\nWilliam Pitt and Henry Fox, Esqs., with Dod-\\nington and Winnington and Hanbury Williams.\\nThe theatrical world is well represented by\\nGarrick and Mrs. Woffington and Mrs. Clive.\\nLiterature has no names of any eminence except\\nthat of Young for savage and Whitehead, Mal-\\nlet and Benjamin Hoadley, are certainly lesser\\nlights. Pope is conspicuous for his absence so\\nalso are Horace Walpole and Gray, while Rich-\\nardson, of course, is wanting. Johnson, as yet\\nonly the author of London, and journeyman to\\nCave, could scarcely be expected in the roll\\nand, in any case, his friendship for the author of\\nPamela would probably have kept hira away.\\nAmong some other well-known eighteenth cen-\\ntury names are those of Dodsley and Millar the\\nbooksellers, and the famous Vauxhall proprietor\\nJonathan Tyers.\\nBy advertisement in the Lojtdon Daily Post and General\\nAdvertiser^ they would seem to have been published early in\\nApril, 1743.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "134 Henry Fielding\\nThe first volume of the Miscellanies, besides a\\nlengthy Preface, includes the author s poems,\\nessays On Conversation. On the Knowledge of\\nthe Character of Men, On Nothing, a squib upon\\nthe transactions of the Royal Society, a transla-\\ntion from Demosthenes, and one or two minor\\npieces. Of much of the biographical material\\ncontained in the Preface use has already been\\nmade, as well as of those verses which can be\\ndefinitely dated^ or which relate to the author s\\nlove-affairs. The hitherto unnoticed portions of\\nthe volume consist chiefly of Epistles, in the\\northodox eighteenth century fashion. One is\\nheaded Of True Greatness; another, inscribed\\nto the Duke of Richmond, Of Good-nature\\nwhile a third is addressed to a friend On the\\nChoice of a Wife. This last contains some\\nsensible lines, but although Roscoe has managed\\nto extract two quotable passages, it is needless\\nto imitate him here. These productions show\\nno trace of the authentic Fielding. The essays\\nare more remarkable, although, like Montaigne s,\\nthey are scarcely described by their titles. That\\non Conversation is really a little treatise on good\\nbreeding that on the Characters of Men, a lay\\nsermon against Fielding s pet antipathy hy-\\npocrisy. Nothing can well be wiser, even now,\\nthan some of the counsels in the former of these", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 135\\npapers on such themes as the limits of raillery,\\nthe duties of hospitality, and the choice of sub-\\nject in general conversation. Nor, however\\nthreadbare they may look to-day, can the final\\nconclusions be reasonably objected to First,\\nThat every Person vi^ho indulges his Ill-nature or\\nVanity, at the Expense of others and in intro-\\nducing Uneasiness, Vexation, and Confusion\\ninto Society, hov\\\\^ever exalted or high-titled he\\nmay be, is thoroughly ill-bred and Secondly,\\nThat whoever, from the Goodness of his Dispo-\\nsition or Understanding, endeavours to his ut-\\nmost to cultivate the Good-humour and Happi-\\nness of others, and to contribute to the Ease and\\nComfort of all his Acquaintance^ however low in\\nRank Fortune may have placed him, or however\\nclumsy he may be in his Figure or Demeanour,\\nhath, in the truest Sense of the Word, a Claim\\nto Good-Breeding. One fancies that this\\nessay must have been a favourite with the his-\\ntorian of the Book of Snobs and the creator of\\nMajor Dobbin.\\nThe Characters of Men is not equal to the\\nConversation. The theme is a wider one and\\nthe end proposed, that of supplying rules for\\ndetecting the real disposition through all the\\nsocial disguises which cloak and envelop it, can\\n1 Miscella7iieSy 1743, i. 178.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "136 Henry Fielding\\nscarcely be said to be attained. But there are\\nhappy touches even in this and when the author\\nsays I will venture to affirm^ that I have\\nknown some of the best sort of Men in the World\\n(to use the vulgar Phrase,) who would not have\\nscrupled cutting a Friend s Throat; and a\\nFellow whom no Man should be seen to speak to,\\ncapable of the highest Acts of Friendship and\\nBenevolence/ one recognises the hand that\\nmade the sole good Samaritan in Joseph Andrews\\na Lad who hath since been transported for rob-\\nbing a Hen-roost. The account of the Terres-\\ntrial Chrysipus, or Guinea, a burlesque on a\\npaper read before the Royal Society of the Fresh\\nWater Polypus, is chiefly interesting from the\\nfact that it is supposed to be written by Petrus\\nGualterus (Peter Walter), who had an extraor-\\ndinary Collection of them. He died in fact,\\nworth 300,000. The only other paper in the vol-\\nume of any value is a short one Of the Remedy of\\nAffliction for the Loss of our Friends^ to which\\nwe shall presently return.\\nThe farce of Eurydice, and the Wedding Day,\\nwhich, with A Journey from this World to the\\nNext, etc., make up the contents of the second\\nvolume of the Miscellanies, have been already\\nsufficiently discussed. But the Journey deserves\\nMiscellanieSy 1743, i. 199.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 137\\nsome further notice. It has been suggested that\\nthis curious Lucianic production may have been\\nprompted by the vision of Mercury and Charon\\nin the Champion, though the kind of allegory of\\nwhich it consists is common enough v/ith the\\nelder essayists and it is notable that another\\nbook was published in April, 1743, under the\\ntitle of Cardinal Fleurys Journey to the other\\nWorld, which is manifestly suggested by Quevedo.\\nFielding s Journey, however, is a fragment which\\nthe author feigns to have found in the garret of a\\nstationer in the Strand. Sixteen out of flve-and-\\ntwenty chapters in Book i. are occupied with the\\ntransmigrations of Julian the Apostate, whichare\\nnot concluded. Then follows another chapter\\nfrom Book xix., which contains the history of\\nAnna Boleyn, and the whole breaks off abruptly.\\nIts best portion is undoubtedly the first nine\\nchapters, which relate the writer s progress to\\nElysium, and afford opportunity for many strokes\\nof satire. Such are the whimsical terror of the\\nspiritual traveller in the stage-coach, who hears\\nsuddenly that his neighbour has died of small-\\npox, a disease he had been dreading all his life\\nand the punishment of Lord Scrape, the miser,\\nwho is doomed to dole out money to all comers,\\nand who, after being purified in the Body of a\\nHog/ is ultimately to return to earth again.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "138 Henry Fielding\\nNor is the delight of some of those who profit by\\nhis enforced assistance less keenly realised\\nI remarked a poetical Spirit in particular, who\\nswore he would have a hearty Gripe at him\\nFor, says he, the Rascal not only refused to\\nsubscribe to my Works but sent back my Letter\\nunanswered, tho Tm a better Gentleman than\\nhimself/ The descriptions of the City of\\nDiseases, the Palace of Death, and the Wheel of\\nFortune from which men draw their chequered\\nlots, are all unrivalled in their way. But here,\\nas always, it is in his pictures of human nature\\nthat Fielding shines, and it is this that makes the\\nchapters in which Minos is shown adjudicating\\nupon the separate claims of the claimants to enter\\nElysium the most piquant of all. The virtuoso\\nand butterfly hunter, who is repulsed with great\\nScorn the dramatic author who is admitted (to\\nhis disgust), not on account of his works, but be-\\ncause he has once lent the whole Profits of a\\nBenefit Night to a Friend the parson who is\\nturned back, while his poor parishioners are ad-\\nmitted and the trembling wretch who has been\\nhanged for a robbery of eighteen-pence, to which\\nhe had been driven by poverty, but whom the\\njudge welcomes cordially because he had been a\\nkind father, husband, and son all these are con-\\n1 Miscellanies, I743 ii- 25.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 139\\nceived in that humane and generous spirit which\\nis Fielding s most engaging characteristic. The\\nchapter immediately following^ which describes\\nthe literary and other inhabitants of Elysium, is\\neven better. Here is Leonidas, who appears to\\nbe only moderately gratified with the honour re-\\ncently done him by Mr. Glover, the poet; here\\nis Homer, toying with Madam Dacier, and pro-\\nfoundly indifferent as to his birth-place and the\\ncontinuity of his poems here, too, is Shake-\\nspeare, w^ho, foreseeing future commentators and\\nthe New Shakespeare Society, declines to en-\\nlighten Betterton and Booth as to a disputed\\npassage in his works, adding, I marvel nothing\\nso much as that Men will gird themselves at dis-\\ncovering obscure Beauties in an Author. Certes\\nthe greatest and most pregnant Beauties are ever\\nthe plainest and most evidently striking and\\nwhen two Meanings of a Passage can in the least\\nbalance our Judgm.ents which to prefer, I hold\\nit matter of unquestionable Certainty that neither\\nis worth a farthing. Then, again, there are\\nAddison and Steele, w^ho are described with so\\npleasant a knowledge of their personalities that,\\nalthough the passage has been often quoted, there\\nseems to be no reason why it should not be quoted\\nonce more\\nMiscellanies y 1743, ii. 67-8.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "140 Henry Fielding\\nVirgil then came up to me, with Mr. Addison\\nunder his Arm. Well, Sir, said he, how many\\nTranslations have these few last Years produced\\nof my jEneid) I told him, I believed several,\\nbut I could not possibly remember for I had\\nnever read any but Dr. Trapp s? Ay, said he,\\nthat is a curious Piece indeed I I then ac-\\nquainted him with the Discovery made by Mr.\\nWarburton of the Eleusinian Mysteries couched\\nin his 6th book. What Mysteries said Mr.\\nAddison. The Eleusinian, answered Virgil,\\nwhich I have disclosed in my 6th Book. How\\nreplied Addison, You never mentioned a word\\nof any such Mysteries to me in all our Acquaint-\\nance. I thought it was unnecessary, cried the\\nother, to a Man of your infinite Learning be-\\nsides, you always told me, you perfectly under-\\nstood my meaning. Upon this I thought the\\nCritic looked a little out of countenance, and\\nturned aside to a very merry Spirit, one Dick\\nSteele, who embraced him and told him. He had\\nbeen the greatest Man upon Earth that he read-\\nily resigned up all the Merit of his own Works to\\nhim. Upon which, Addison gave him a gracious\\nSmile, and clapping him on the Back with much\\nSolemnity, cried out, Well said, Dick.\\n1 Dr. Trapp s translation of the yEneid was published in\\n1718.\\nMiscellanies f 1743, ii. 64-5.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 141\\nAfter encountering these and other notabilities,\\nincluding Tom Thumb and Livvy, the latter of\\nwhom takes occasion to commend the ingenious\\nperformances of Lady Marlborough s assistant,\\nMr. Hooke, the author meets with Julian the\\nApostate, and from this point the narrative grows\\nlanguid. Its unfinished condition may perhaps\\nbe accepted as a proof that Fielding himself had\\nwearied of his scheme.\\nThe third volume of the Miscellanies is wholly\\noccupied with the remarkable work entitled the\\nHistory of the Life of the late Mr. Jonathan Wild\\nthe Great, As in the case of the Journey from this\\nWorld to the Next, it is not unlikely that the first\\ngerm of this may be found in the pages of the\\nChampion, Reputation says Fielding in one\\nof the essays in that periodical often courts\\nthose most who regard her the least. Actions\\nhave som.etimes been attended with Fame, which\\nwere undertaken in Defiance of it. Jonathan\\nW/ld himself had for miany years no small Share\\nof it in this Kingdom. The book now under\\nconsideration is the elaboration of the idea thus\\ncasually throvv^n out. Under the name of a no-\\ntorious thief-taker hanged at Tyburn in 1725,\\nFielding has traced the Progress of a Rogue to\\nthe Gallows, showing by innumerable subtle\\n1 Champion y 1 741, i. 330.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "142 Henry Fielding\\ntouches that the (so-called) greatness of a villain\\ndoes not very materially differ from any other\\nkind of greatness, w^hich is equally independent\\nof goodness. This continually suggested affinity\\nbetv^een the ignoble and the pseudo-noble is the\\ntext of the book. Against genuine worth, its\\nauthor is careful to explain, his satire is in no\\nwise directed. He is far from considering\\nNewgate as no other than Human Nature with\\nits Mask off; but he thinks we may be ex-\\ncused for suspecting, that the splendid Palaces\\nof the Great are often no other than Newgate\\nwith the Mask on. Thus Jonathan Wild the\\nGreat is a prolonged satire upon the spurious\\neminence in which benevolence, honesty, charity,\\nand the like have no part or, as Fielding prefers\\nto term it, that false or Bombast Greatness\\nwhich is so often mistaken for the true Sublime\\nin Human Nature Greatness and Goodness\\ncombined. So thoroughly has he explained his\\nintention in the Prefaces to the Miscellanies, and\\nto the book itself, that it is difficult to compre-\\nhend how Scott could fail to see his drift. Pos-\\nsibly, like some others, he found the subject re-\\nMiscellanies^ I743 i-\u00c2\u00bb xx.\\n2 Cf. the definition of Great in No. 4 of the Covent\\nGarden Journal: Applied to a Thing, signifies Bigness;\\nwhen to a Man, often Littleness or Meanness.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 143\\npugnant and painful to his kindly nature. Pos-\\nsibly, too, he did not, for this reason, study the\\nbook very carefully, for, with the episode of Heart-\\nfree under one s eyes, it is not strictly accurate to\\nsay (as he does) that it presents **a picture of\\ncomplete vice, unrelieved by any thing of human\\nfeeling, and never by any accident even deviat-\\ning into virtue. If the author s introduction\\nbe borne in mind, and if the book be read steadily\\nin the light there supplied, no one can refrain\\nfrom admiring the extraordinary skill and concen-\\ntration with which the plan is pursued, and the\\nadroitness with which, at every turn, the villainy\\nof Wild is approximated to that of those securer\\nand more illustrious criminals with whom he is\\nso seldom confused. And Fielding has never\\ncarried one of his chief and characteristic excel-\\nlences to so great perfection the book is a\\nmodel of sustained and sleepless irony. To\\nmake any extracts from it still less to make any\\nextracts which should do justice to it, is almost\\nimpracticable but the edifying discourse between\\nWild and Count La Ruse in Book i., and the\\npure comedy of that in Book iv. with the Ordi-\\nnary of Newgate (who objects to wine, but drinks\\npunch because it is no where spoken against in\\nScripture as well as the account of the prison\\nLives of the Novelists 1825, i. 21.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "144 Henry Fielding\\nfaction between Wild and Johnson/ with its\\nadmirable speech of the grave Man against\\nParty, may all be cited as examples of its style\\nand method. Nor should the character of Wild\\nin the last chapter, and his famous rules of con-\\nduct, be neglected. It must be admitted, how-\\never, that the book is not calculated to suit the\\nnicely-sensitive in letters or, it may be added,\\nthose readers for whom the evolution of a purely\\nintellectual conception is either unmeaning or un-\\ninteresting. Its place in Fielding s works is im-\\nmediately after his three great novels, and this is\\nmore by reason of its subject than its workman-\\nship, which could hardly be excelled. When it\\nwas actually composed is doubtful. If it may be\\n1 Some critics at this point appear to have identified John-\\nson and Wild with Lord Wilmington and Sir Robert Wal-\\npole (who resigned in 1742), while Mr. Keightley suspects\\nthat Wild throughout typifies Walpole. But the advertise-\\nment from the Publisher to the edition of 1754 disclaims\\nany such personal Application. The Truth is (he\\nsays), as a very corrupt State of Morals is here represented,\\nthe Scene seems very properly to have been laid in New-\\ngate Nor do I see any Reason for introducing any allegory\\nat all unless we will agree that there are, without those\\nWalls, some other Bodies of Men of worse Morals than\\nthose within; and who have, consequently, a Right to\\nchange Places with its present Inhabitants. The writer\\nwas probably Fielding.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 145\\nconnected with the already-quoted passage in the\\nCliampion, it must be placed after March 4th,\\n1740, which is the date of the paper but, from\\na reference to Peter Pounce in Book ii., it\\nmight also be supposed to have been written after\\nJoseph Andrews. The Bath simile in chapter\\nxiv. Book i., makes it likely that some part of\\nit was penned at that place, where, from an epi-\\ngram in the Miscellanies written Extempore in\\nthe Pump Room, it is clear that Fielding was\\nstaying in 1 742. But, whenever it was completed,\\nwe are inclined to think that it was planned and\\nbegun before Joseph- Andrews was published, as\\nit is in the highest degree improbable that Field-\\ning, always carefully watching the public taste,\\nwould have followed up that fortunate adventure\\nin a new direction by a work so entirely different\\nfrom it as Jonathan Wild.\\nA second edition of the Miscellanies appeared\\nin the same year as the first, namely in 1745-\\nFrom this date until the publication of Tom Jones\\nin 1749, Fielding produced no work of signal\\nimportance, and his personal history for the next\\nfew years is exceedingly obscure. We are in-\\nclined to suspect that this must have been the\\nmost trying period of his career. His health was\\nshattered, and he had become a martyr to gout,\\nwhich seriously interfered with the active practice", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "146 Henry Fielding\\nof his profession. Again, about this time/ says\\nMurphy vaguely, after speaking of the Wedding\\nDay, he lost his first wife. That she was alive\\nin the winter of 1742-3 is clear, for, in the Pref-\\nace to the Miscellanies, he describes himself as\\nbeing then laid up, with a favourite Child dying\\nin one Bed, and my Wife in a Condition very\\nlittle better, on another, attended with other Cir-\\ncumstances, which served as very proper Deco-\\nrations to such a Scene, by which Mr.\\nKeightley no doubt rightly supposes him to refer\\nto writs and bailiffs. It must also be assumed\\nthat Mrs. Fielding was alive when the Preface\\nwas written, since, in apologising for an apparent\\ndelay in publishing the book, he says the real\\nReason was the dangerous Illness of one from\\nwhom I draw [the italics are ours] all the solid\\nComfort of my Life. There is another unmis-\\ntakable reference to her in one of the minor papers\\nin the first volume, viz, that Of the Remedy of\\nAffliction for the Loss of our Friends, I re-\\nmember the most excellent of Women, and ten-\\nderest of Mothers, when, after a painful and\\ndangerous Delivery, she was told she had a\\nDaughter, answering; Good God! have I pro-\\nduced a Creature who is to undergo what I have\\nsuffered! Some Years afterwards, I heard the\\nsame Woman, on the Death of that very Child,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 147\\nthen one of the loveliest Creatures ever seen,\\ncomforting herself with reflecting, that her Child\\ncould never know ivhat it vjas to feel such a Loss\\nCLS she then Lanienied, Were it not for the\\npassages already quoted from the Preface, it\\nmight almost be concluded from the tone of the\\nforegoing quotation and the final words of the\\npaper, which refer to our meeting with those we\\nhave lost in Heaven, that Mrs. Fielding was\\nalready dead. But the use of the word draw\\nin the Preface affords distinct evidence to the\\ncontrary. It is therefore most probable that she\\ndied in the latter part of 1743, having been long\\nin a declining state of health. For a time her\\nhusband was inconsolable. **The fortitude of\\nmind, says Murphy, with which he met all the\\nother calamities of life, deserted him on this most\\ntrying occasion. His grief was so vehement\\nthat his friends began to think him in danger of\\nlosing his reason.\\nThat Fielding had depicted his first wife in\\nSophia Western has already been pointed out,\\nand we have the authority of Lady Mary Wortley\\nMontagu and Richardson for saying that she was\\nafterwards reproduced in Amelia, Amelia,\\nsays the latter, in a letter to Mrs. Donnellan,\\n**even to her noselessness, is again his first\\nMiscellanies f 1743, i. 319. Works, 1 7 62, i. 38.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "148 Henry Fielding\\nwife. Some of her traits, too, are to be de-\\ntected in the Mrs. Wilson of Joseph Andrews,\\nBut, beyond these indications, we hear little about\\nher. Almost all that is definitely known is con-\\ntained in a passage of the admirable Introductory\\nAnecdotes contributed by Lady Louisa Stuart to\\nLord Wharncliffe s edition of Lady Mary Wort-\\nley Montagu s Letters and Works, This account\\nwas based upon the recollections of Lady Bute,\\nLady Mary s daughter.^\\nOnly those persons [says Lady Louisa Stuart]\\nare mentioned here of whom Lady Bute could\\nspeak from her own recollection or her mother s\\nreport. Both had made her well informed of every\\nparticular that concerned her relation Henry\\nFielding nor was she a stranger to that beloved\\nfirst wife whose picture he drew in his Amelia,\\nwhere, as she said, even the glowing language he\\nknew how to employ did not do more than justice\\nto the amiable qualities of the original, or to her\\nbeauty, although this had suffered a little from the\\naccident related in the novel, a frightful over-\\nturn, which destroyed the gristle of her nose.\\n1 Correspondence y 1804, iv. 60.\\n2 That any one could have remained lovely after such a\\ncatastrophe is difficult to believe. But probably Lady Bute\\n(or Lady Louisa Stuart) exaggerated its effects; for to\\nsay nothing of the fact that, throughout the novel, Amelia s", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 149\\nHe loved her passionately, and she returned his\\naffection yet led no happy life, for they were al-\\nmost always miserably poor, and seldom in a state\\nof quiet and safety. All the world knows what was\\nhis imprudence if ever he possessed a score of\\npounds, nothing could keep him from lavishing\\nit idly, or make him think of to-morrow. Some-\\ntimes they were living in decent lodgings with\\ntolerable comfort sometimes in a wretched gar-\\nret without necessaries not to speak of the\\nspunging-houses and hiding-places where he was\\nbeauty is continually commended in the delightfully\\nfeminine description which is given of her by Mrs. James in\\nBook xi. chap, i., pp. 1 14-15 of the first edition of 1752,\\nalthough she is literally pulled to pieces, there is no refer-\\nence whatever to her nose, which may be taken as proof\\npositive that it was not an assailable feature. Moreover, in\\nthe book as we now have it, Fielding, obviously in deference\\nto contemporary criticism, inserted the following specific\\npassages She was, indeed, a most charming woman\\nand I know not whether the little scar on her nose did not\\nrather add to, than diminish her beauty (Book iv. chap,\\nvii.) and in Mrs. James s portrait Then her nose, as\\nwell proportioned as it is, has a visible scar on one side.\\nNo previous biographer seems to have thought it necessary\\nto make any mention of these statements, while Johnson s\\nspeech about that vile broken nose, never cured, (Hill s\\nJohnsonian Miscellanies 1897, i* 297), and Richardson s\\ncoarsely-malignant utterance to Mrs. Donnellan, are every-\\nwhere industriously remembered and repeated.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "150 Henry Fielding\\noccasionally to be found. His elastic gaiety of\\nspirit carried him through it all but, meanwhile,\\ncare and anxiety were preying upon her more\\ndelicate mind, and undermining her constitution.\\nShe gradually declined, caught a fever, and died\\nin his arms.\\nAs usual, Mr. Keightley has done his best to\\nsift this statement to the utmost. Part of his\\nexamination may be neglected, because it is based\\nupon the misconception that Lord Wharncliffe,\\nLady Mary s greatgrandson, and not Lady Louisa\\nStuart, her granddaughter, was the writer of the\\nforegoing account. But as a set-off to the ex-\\ntreme destitution alleged, Mr. Keightley very\\njustly observes that Mrs. Fielding must for some\\ntime have had a maid, since it was a maid who\\nhad been devotedly attached to her whom Field-\\ning subsequently married. He also argues that\\nliving in a garret and skulking in out o the way\\nretreats, are incompatible with studying law and\\npractising as a barrister. Making every allow-\\nance, however, for the somewhat exaggerated\\nway in which those of high rank often speak of\\nthe distresses of their less opulent kinsfolk, it is\\nprobable that Fielding s married life was one of\\ncontinual shifts and privations. Such a state of\\n1 Le tiers f etc., of Lady Mary Worthy Montagu^ 1 86 1, i.\\n105-6.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 151\\nthings is completely in accordance with his pro-\\nfuse nature and his precarious means. Of his\\nfamily by the first Mrs. Fielding no very material\\nparticulars have been preserved. Writing, in\\nNovember, 1745, in the True Patriot, he speaks\\nof having a son and a daughter, but no son by\\nhis first wife seems to have survived him. The\\nlate Colonel Chester found the burial of a\\nJames Fielding, son of Henry Fielding/ re-\\ncorded under date of 19th February, 1736, in the\\nregister of St. Giles in the Fields but it is by no\\nmeans certain that this entry refers to the novel-\\nist. A daughter, Eleanor Harriot, certainly did\\nsurvive him, for she is mentioned in the Voyage\\nto Lisbon as being of the party who accompanied\\nhim. Another daughter, as already stated, prob-\\nably died in the winter of 1742-3 and the\\nJourney from this World to the Next contains the\\ntouching reference to this or another child, of\\nwhich Dickens writes so warmly.^ I presently/\\nsays Fielding, speaking of his entrance into\\nElysium, met a little Daughter, whom I had\\nlost several Years before. Good Gods what\\nWords can describe the Raptures, the melting\\nThe passage as to his imprudence is, oddly enough,\\nomitted from Mr. Keightley^s quotation.\\nLttters, 1880, i. 394,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "152 Henry Fielding\\npassionate Tenderness, with which we kiss d\\neach other, continuing in our Embrace, with the\\nmost extatic Joy, a Space, which if Time had\\nbeen measured here as on Earth, could not have\\nbeen less than half a Year/\\nFrom the death of Mrs. Fielding until the\\npublication of the True Patriot \\\\n 1745 another\\ncomparative blank ensues in Fielding s history\\nand it can only be filled by the assumption that\\nhe was still endeavouring to follow his profession\\nas a barrister. His literary work seems to have\\nbeen confined to a Preface to the second edition\\nof his sister s novel of David Simple, which ap-\\npeared in 1744. This, while rendering fraternal\\njustice to that now forgotten book, is memorable\\nfor some personal utterances on Fielding s part.\\nIn denying the authorship of David Simple, which\\nhad been attributed to him, he takes occasion to\\nappeal against the injustice of referring anony-\\nmous works to his pen, in the face of his distinct\\nengagement in the Preface to the Miscellanies,\\nthat he would thenceforth write nothing except\\nover his own signature and he complains that\\nsuch a course has a tendency to injure him in a\\nprofession to which he has applied with so ar-\\nduous and intent a diligence, that he has had no\\nleisure, if he had inclination, to compose anything\\n1 Miscellanies t 1743, ii. 63.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 153\\nof this kind (i. e., David Simple). At the same\\ntime, he formally withdraws his promise, since it\\nhas in no wise exempted him from the scandal of\\nputting forth anonymous work. From other\\npassages in this Preface, it may be gathered\\nthe immediate cause of irritation was the assign-\\nment to his pen of that infamous paultry libel\\nthe Causidicade, a satire directed at the law in\\ngeneral, and some of the subscribers to the Mis-\\ncellanies in particular. **This, he says, ac-\\ncused me not only of being a bad writer, and a\\nbad man, but with downright idiotism, in flying\\nin the face of the greatest men of my profession/\\nIt may easily be conceived that such a report\\nmust be unfavourable to a struggling barrister,\\nand Fielding s anxiety on this head is a strong\\nproof that he was still hoping to succeed at the\\nBar. To a subsequent collection of Familiar\\nLetters between the Principal Characters in David\\nSimple and some others, he supplied another pref-\\nace three years later, together with five little-\\nknown epistles which, nevertheless, are not with-\\nout evidence of his characteristic touch.\\n1 The most characteristic of these an imitation of a letter\\nfrom a French traveller in England to his friend at Paris\\nwas, however, reprinted by Professor Saintsbury in the final\\nvolume of his edition of Fielding s Works^ xii. 232-242.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "1 54 Henry Fielding\\nA life of ups and downs like Fielding s is sel-\\ndom remarkable for its consistency. It is there-\\nfore not surprising to find that, despite his desire\\nin 1744 to cease from writing, he was writing\\nagain in 1745. The landing of Charles Edward\\nonce more attracted him into the ranks of jour-\\nnalism, on the side of the Government, and gave\\nrise to the True Patriot, a weekly paper, the first\\nnumber of which appeared in November. This,\\nhaving come to an end with the Rebellion, was\\nsucceeded on 5 December, 1747, by the Jaco-\\nbite s Journal, supposed to emanate from John\\nTrott-Plaid, Esq., and intended to push the dis-\\ncomfiture of Jacobite sentiment still further. It\\nis needless to discuss these mainly political efforts\\nat any length. They are said to have been\\nhighly approved by those in power it is certain\\nthat they earned for their author the stigma of\\npensioned scribbler. Both are now very rare\\nand in Murphy the former is represented by\\ntwenty-four numbers, the latter by two only.\\nThe True Patriot contains a dream of London\\nabandoned to the rebels, which is admirably\\ngraphic and there is also a prophetic chronicle\\nof events for 1746, in which the same idea is\\ntreated in a lighter and more satirical vein. But\\nperhaps the most interesting feature is the reap-\\npearance of Parson Adams, who addresses a", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 155\\ncouple of letters to the same periodical one on\\nthe rising generally, and the other on the young\\nEngland of the day, as exemplified in a very\\noffensive specimen he had recently encountered\\nat Mr. Wilson s. Other minor points of interest\\nin connection with the Jacobite s Journal, are the\\ntradition associating Hogarth with the rude\\nwoodcut headpiece (a Scotch man and woman on\\nan ass led by a monk) which surmounted its ear-\\nlier numbers, and the genial welcome given in\\nNo. 5, perhaps not without some touch of\\ncontrition, to the two first volumes, then just\\npublished, of Richardson s Clarissa. The pen is\\nthe pen of an imaginary correspondent, but\\nthe words are unmistakably Fielding s\\n**\\\\Vhen I tell you I have lately received this\\nPleasure [f. e., of reading a new master-piece],\\nyou will not want me to inform you that I owe it\\nto the Author of Clarissa. Such Simplicity, such\\nManners, such deep Penetration into Nature;\\nsuch Power to raise and alarm the Passions, few\\nWriters, either ancient or modern, have been\\npossessed of. My Affections are so strongly en-\\ngaged, and my Fears are so raised, by what I have\\nalready read, that I cannot express my Eagerness\\nto see the rest. Sure this Mr. Richardson is\\nMaster of all that Art which Horace compares to\\nWitchcraft", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "IS 6 Henry Fielding\\nPectus inaniter angit,\\nIrritat, mulcet, falsis terroribus implet\\nUt Magus. 1\\nBetween the discontinuance of the True Patriot\\nand the establishment of its successor occurred\\nan event, the precise date of which has been\\nhitherto unknown, namely, Fielding s second\\nmarriage. The account given of this by Lady\\nLouisa Stuart is as follows\\nHis [Fielding s] biographers seem to have\\nbeen shy of disclosing that after the death of this\\ncharming woman [his first wife] he married her\\nmaid. And yet the act was not so discreditable\\nto his character as it may sound. The maid had\\nfew personal charms, but was an excellent crea-\\nture, devotedly attached to her mistress, and al-\\nmost broken-hearted for her loss. In the first\\nagonies of his own grief, which approached to\\nfrenzy, he found no relief but from weeping along\\nwith her nor solace, when a degree calmer, but\\nin talking to her of the angel they mutually re-\\ngretted. This made her his habitual confidential\\nassociate, and in process of time he began to\\nthink he could not give his children a tenderer\\n1 He also refers to Richardson in No. lo of the\\nCovent Garden Journal: Pleasure (as the ingenious\\nAuthor of Clarissa says of a Story) s/wuld be made 07ily the\\nVehicle of Instruction,^^", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 157\\nmother, or secure for himself a more faithful\\nhousekeeper and nurse. At least this is what he\\ntold his friends and it is certain that her conduct\\nas his wife confirmed it, and fully justified his\\ngood opinion.\\nIt has now been ascertained that the marriage\\ntook place at St. Bene t s, Paul s Wharf, an ob-\\nscure little church in the City, at present sur-\\nrendered to a Welsh congregation, but at that\\ntime, like Mary-le-bone old church, much in re-\\nquest for unions of a private character. The\\ndate in the register is the 27th of November, 1747.\\nThe second Mrs. Fielding s maiden name, which\\nhas been hitherto variously reported as Macdon-\\nnell, Macdonald, and Macdaniel, is given as\\nMary Daniel,^ and she is further described as of\\nSt. Clement s Danes, Middlesex, Spinster.\\nEither previous to this occurrence, or immedi-\\nately after it, Fielding seems to have taken two\\nrooms in a house in Back Lane, Twickenham,\\nnot far from the site of Copt Hall. In 1872\\nthis house was still standing, a quaint old-fash-\\nLetters, etc., of Lady Mary Worthy Montagu, 1861, i.\\n106.\\n2 See note to Fielding s letter in Chap. vii.\\n3Cobbett s Memorials of Twickenham^ 1872, pp. 52\\nand 358.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "iS8 Henry Fielding\\nioned wooden structure and from hence, on\\nthe 25th February, 1748, was baptised the first of\\nthe novelist s sons concerning whom any definite\\ninformation exists the William Fielding who,\\nlike his father, became a Westminster magistrate.\\nBeyond suggesting that it may supply a reason\\nwhy, during Mrs. Fielding s life-time, her hus-\\nband s earliest biographer made no reference to\\nthe marriage, it is needless to dwell upon the\\nproximity between the foregoing dates. In other\\nrespects the circumstance now first made public\\nis not inconsistent with Lady Louisa Stuart s\\nnarrative and there is no doubts from the refer-\\nences to her in the Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon\\nand elsewhere, that Mary Daniel did prove an\\nexcellent wife, mother, and nurse. Another thing\\nis made clear by the date established, and this is\\nthat the verses On Felix Marry d to a Cook-\\nMaid in the Gentleman s Magazine for July,\\n1746, to which Mr. Lawrence refers, cannot pos-\\nsibly have anything to do with Fielding, although\\nthey seem to indicate that alliances of the kind\\nwere not unusual. Perhaps Pamela had made\\nthem fashionable. On the other hand, the sup-\\nposed allusion to Lyttelton and Fielding, to be\\nfound in the first edition of Peregrine Pickky but\\n1 Now it no longer exists, and a row of cottages occupies\\nthe site.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 159\\nafterwards suppressed, receives a certain con-\\nfirmation. When, says Smollett, speaking of\\nthe relations of an imaginary Mr. Spondy with\\nGosling Scrag, who is understood to represent\\nLyttelton, he is inclined to marry his own cook-\\nwench, his gracious patron may condescend to give\\nthe bride away and may finally settle him, in his\\nold age, as a trading Westminster justice. That,\\nlooking to the facts, Fielding s second marriage\\nshould have gained the approval and countenance\\nof Lyttelton is no more than the upright and hon-\\nourable character of the latter would lead us to\\nexpect.\\nThe Jacobite s Journal ceased to appear in No-\\nvember, 1748. In the early part of the Decem-\\nber following, the remainder of Smollett s pro-\\ngramme came to pass, and by Lyttelton s interest\\nFielding was appointed a Justice of the Peace for\\nWestminster. From a letter in the Bedford\\nCorrespondence^ dated 13th December, 1748,^\\nrespecting the lease of a house or houses which\\nwould qualify him to act for Middlesex, it would\\nseem that the county was afterwards added to his\\ncommission. He must have entered upon his\\noffice in the first weeks of December, as upon\\nthe ninth of that month one John Salter was com-\\nmitted to the Gatehouse by Henry Fielding, Esq.,\\n^Bedford Correspondence 1846, i. 588.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "i6o Henry Fielding\\nof Bow Street, Covent Garden, formerly Sir\\nThomas de Veirs. Sir Thomas de Veil, who\\ndied in 1746, and whose Memoirs had just been\\npublished, could not, however, have been Field-\\ning s immediate predecessor.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER V\\nFielding and Joseph Warton making of the masterpiece\\nmeans of existence Tom Jones published, 28 February,\\n1749; a new Province of Writing; construction of the\\nplot the characters Squire Western other persons of\\nthe drama; Tom Jones himself; the author s humour;\\nirony, humanity reception of the book Richardson and\\nAaron Hill s daughters translation and illustrators\\nadaptations for the stage.\\nY\\\\7RITING from Basingstoke to his brother\\nTom, on the 29th October, 1746, Joseph\\nWarton thus refers to a visit he paid to Fielding\\nI wish you had been with me last week,\\nwhen I spent two evenings with Fielding and his\\nsister who wrote David Simple, and you may\\nguess I was very well entertained. The lady\\nindeed retired pretty soon, but Russell and I sat\\nup with the Poet [Warton no doubt uses the\\nword here in the sense of maker or ^creator\\ntill one or two in the morning, and were inex-\\npressibly diverted. I find he values, as he justly\\nmay, his Joseph Andrews above all his writings\\nhe was extremely civil to me, I fancy, on my\\nFather s account/\\ne.y the Rev. Thomas Warton, Vicar of Basingstoke, and\\nsometime Professor of Poetry at Oxford.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "1 62 Henry Fielding\\nThis mention of Joseph Andrews has misled\\nsome of Fielding s biographers into thinking that\\nhe ranked that novel above Tom Jones, But, in\\nOctober, 1746, Tom Jones had not been pub-\\nlished and, from the absence of any reference to\\nit by Warton, it is only reasonable to conclude\\nthat it had not yet assumed a definite form, or\\nFielding, who was by no means uncommunicative,\\nwould in all probability have spoken of it as an\\neffort from which he expected still greater things.\\nIt is clear, too, that at this date he was staying\\nin London, presumably in lodgings with his sister\\nand it is also most likely that he lived much in\\ntown when he was conducting the True Patriot\\nand the Jacobite s Journal. At other times he\\nwould appear to have had no settled place of\\nabode. There are traditions that Tom Jones was\\ncomposed in part at Salisbury, in a house at the\\nfoot of Milford Hill and again that it was writ-\\nten at Twiverton, or Twerton-on-Avon, near\\nBath, where, as the Vicar pointed out in Notes\\nand Queries for March 15th, 1879, there still ex-\\nists a house called Fielding s Lodge, over the\\ndoor of which is a mutilated stone crest. This\\nlatter tradition is supported by the statement of\\nMr. Richard Graves, author of the Spiritual\\nQuixote, and rector, cfr{;a 1750, of the neighbour-\\ning parish of Claverton, who says in his Trifling;", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 163\\nAnecdotes of the late Ralph Allen, that Fielding\\nwhile at Twerton used to dine almost daily with\\nAllen at Prior Park. There are also traces of his\\nresidence at Widcombe House, Bath, (Mr. Ben-\\nnet s) as also of visits to the seat of Lyttelton s\\nfather at Hagley in Worcestershire, and to Rad-\\nway Grange in Warwickshire, in the dining-room\\nof which it is traditionally asserted that he read\\nthe MS. of his book to Mr. Miller (the owner of\\nthe house), Lyttelton, and Lord Chatham.^ To-\\nwards the close of 1747 he had, as before stated,\\nrooms in Back Lane, Twickenham and it must\\nbe to this or to some earlier period that Walpole\\nalludes in his Parish Register\\nWhere Fielding met his bunter Muse,\\nAnd, as they quafPd the fiery juice,\\nDroll Nature stamp d each lucky hit\\nWith unimaginable wit\\na quatrain in which the last lines excuse the first.\\nAccording to Mr. Cobbett s already-quoted\\nMemorials of Tvjickenham, he left that place upon\\nhis appointment as a Middlesex magistrate, when\\nhe moved to Bow Street. His house in Bow\\nStreet belonged to John, Duke of Bedford and\\nhe continued to live in it until a short time before\\nMiller s Rambles rotmd Edge Hills 1 896, 17.\\nWorks t 1798, iv., 382-3.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "164 Henry Fielding\\nhis death. It was subsequently occupied by his\\nhalf-brother and successor, Sir John/ who, writ-\\ning to the Duke in March, 1770, to thank him for\\nhis munificent gift of an additional ten years to\\nthe lease, recalls that princely instance of gen-\\nerosity which his Grace shewed to his late brother,\\nHenry Fielding.\\nWhat this was, is not specified. It may have\\nbeen the gift of the leases of those tenements on\\nthe Bedford property which, as explained, were\\nnecessary to qualify Fielding to act as a Justice\\nof the Peace for the county of Middlesex; it\\nmay even have been the lease of the Bow Street\\nhouse or it may have been simply a gift of\\nmoney. But whatever it was, it was something\\nconsiderable. In his appeal to the Duke, at the\\nclose of the last chapter. Fielding referred to\\nprevious obligations, and in his dedication of Tom\\nJones to Lyttelton, he returns again to his Grace s\\nbeneficence. Another person, of whose kind-\\nness grateful but indirect mention is made in the\\nsame dedication, is Ralph Allen, who^ according\\nto Derrick, the Bath M. C., sent the novelist a\\n^Bedford Correspondence, 1846, iii. 411. In the riots of\\n80 as Dickens has not forgotten to note in Barnaby\\nRudge the house was destroyed by the mob, who burned\\nSir John s goods in the street (^HilVs BoswelVs Johnson^\\n1887, iii. 428, chap. Ixx.).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 165\\npresent of ;2f 200, before he had even made his\\nacquaintance,^ which, from the reference to Al-\\nlen in Joseph Andrews J probably began before\\n1742. Lastly, there is Lyttelton himself, con-\\ncerning whom, in addition to a sentence which\\nimplies that he actually suggested the writing of\\nTom Jones, we have the express statements\\non Fielding s part that without your Assistance\\nthis History had never been completed, and\\nI partly owe to you my Existence during great\\nPart of the Time which I have employed in com-\\nposing it. These words must plainly be ac-\\ncepted as indicating pecuniary help and, taking\\nall things together, there can be little doubt that\\nfor some years antecedent to his appointment as\\na Justice of the Peace, Fielding was in straitened\\ncircumstances, and was largely aided, if not\\npractically supported, by his friends. Even\\nsupposing him to have been subsidised by Gov-\\nernment as alleged, his profits from the True\\nPatriot and the Jacobite s Journal could not have\\nbeen excessive and his gout, of which he speaks\\nin one of his letters to the Duke of Bedford,^\\nmust have been a serious obstacle in the way of\\nhis legal labours.\\n1 Derrick s Letters, 1767, ii. 95.\\n2 Dedication to Tom JoiieSy 1 749, i. iv.-v.\\n3 Bedford Correspondence y 1846, i. 588.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "1 66 Henry Fielding\\nThe History of Tom Jones, a Foundlings was\\npublished by Andrew Millar on the 28th of Feb-\\nruary, 1749, and its appearance in six volumes,\\ni2mo, was announced in the General Advertiser\\nof that day s date. There had been no author s\\nname on the title page of Joseph Andrews but\\nTom Jones was duly described as by Henry\\nFielding, Esq., and bore the motto from\\nHorace, seldom so justly applied, of Mores\\nhominum multorum vidit, The advertisement\\nalso ingenuously stated that as it was impos-\\nsible to get Sets bound fast enough to an-\\nswer the Demand for them, such Gentlemen\\nand Ladies as pleased, might have them sew d in\\nBlue Paper and Boards at the Price of i6s. a\\nSet.* The date of issue sufficiently disposes of\\nthe statement of Cunningham and others, that\\nthe book was written at Bow Street. Little\\nmore than the dedication, which is preface as\\nwell, can have been produced by Fielding in\\nhis new home. Making fair allowance for the\\nusual tardy progress of a book through the press,\\nand taking into consideration the fact that the\\nauthor was actively occupied with his yet unfamil-\\niar magisterial duties, it is most probable that\\nthe last chapter of Tom Jones had been penned\\nbefore the end of 1748, and that after that time\\nit had been at the printer s. For the exact price", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 167\\npaid to the author by the publisher on this oc-\\ncasion we are indebted to Horace Walpole,\\nwho, writing to George Montagu in May, 1749,\\nsays Millar the bookseller has done very gen-\\nerously by him [Fielding] finding Tom Jones,\\nfor which he had given him six hundred pounds,\\nsell so greatly, he has since given him another\\nhundred.\\nIt is time, however, to turn from these par-\\nticulars to Tom Jones itself. In Joseph Andreips,\\nFielding s work had been mainly experimental.\\nHe had set out with an intention which had un-\\nexpectedly developed into something else. That\\nsomething else, he had explained, was the comic\\nepic in prose. He had discovered its scope and\\npossibilities only when it was too late to re-cast\\nhis original design; and though Joseph Andrews\\nhas all the freshness and energy of a first attempt\\nin a new direction, it has also the manifest disad-\\nvantages of a mixed conception and an uncer-\\ntain plan. No one had perceived these defects\\nmore plainly than the author and in Tom Jones\\nhe set himself diligently to perfect his new-found\\nmethod. He believed that he foresaw a new\\n1 Fielding s autograph receipt for this sum, dated 1 1\\nJune, 1748, is in the Huth Collection. It is accompanied\\nby the original agreement for writing the book, signed and\\nsealed by the author, and dated 5 March, 1749.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "1 68 Henry Fielding\\nProvince of Writing/ of which he regarded him-\\nself with justice as the founder and lawgiver\\nand in the prolegomenous, or introductory\\nChapters to each book those delightful rest-\\ning-spaces where, as George Eliot says, he\\nseems to bring his arm-chair to the proscenium\\nand chat with us in all the lusty ease of his fine\\nEnglish he takes us, as it were, into his con-\\nfidence, and discourses frankly of his aims and\\nhis way of work. He looked upon these little\\ninitial Essays indeed, as an indispensable\\npart of his scheme. They have given him, says\\nhe more than once, the greatest Pains in com-\\nposing of any part of his book, and he hopes\\nthat, like the Greek and Latin mottoes in the\\nSpectator^ they may serve to secure him against\\nimitation by inferior authors.^ Naturally a great\\ndeal they contain is by this time commonplace,\\nMiddlemarchf 1874, p. 102. Of Fielding s style, in\\nwliich he finds somewhat inexpressibly heartening, Mr.\\nAndrew Lang writes happily One seems to be carried\\nalong, like a swimmer in a strong, clear stream, trustmg\\none s self to every whirl and eddy, with a feeling of safety,\\nof comfort or delighted ease in the motion of the elastic\\nwater {Letters on Literature, 1889, 38).\\n2 Notwithstanding this w^arning, Cumberland (who copied\\nso much) copied these in his novel of Hejiry. On the other\\nhand, Fielding s French and Polish translators omitted them\\nas superfluous.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 169\\nalthough it was unhackneyed enough when Field-\\ning wrote. The absolute necessity in work of\\nthis kind for genius, learning, and knowledge of\\nthe world, the constant obligation to preserve\\ncharacter and probability to regard variety and\\nthe law of contrast these are things with which\\nthe modern tiro (however much he may fail to pos-\\nsess or observe them) is now supposed to be at\\nleast theoretically acquainted. But there are\\nother chapters in which Fielding may also be\\nsaid to reveal his personal point of view, and\\nthese can scarcely be disregarded. His Fare,\\nhe says, following the language of the table, is\\nHuman Nature, which he shall first present\\nin that more plain and simple manner in which\\nit is found in the Country, and afterwards\\nhash and ragoo it with all the high French and\\nItalian seasoning of Affectation and Vice which\\nCourts and Cities afford. His inclination, he\\nadmits, is rather to the middle and lower classes\\nthan to Uhe highest Life, which he considers\\nto present ^^very little Humour or Entertain-\\nment. His characters (as before) are based\\nupon actual experience or, as he terms it,\\nConversation. He does not propose to pre-\\nsent his reader with Models of Perfection;\\nhe has never happened to meet with those\\n1 Tom JoneSy Bk. i., ch. i.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "lyo Henry Fielding\\nfaultless Monsters. He holds that mankind\\nis constitutionally defective, and that a single\\nbad act does not, of necessity, imply a bad na-\\nture. He has also observed, without surprise,\\nthat virtue in this world is not always the cer-\\ntain Road to Happiness, nor Vice to Misery.\\nIn short, having been admitted behind the\\nScenes of this Great Theatre of Nature, he\\npaints humanity as he has found it, extenuating\\nnothing, nor setting down aught in malice, but\\nreserving the full force of his satire and irony for\\naffectation and hypocrisy. His sincere endeav-\\nour, he declares in his dedication to Lyttelton,\\nhas been to recommend Goodness and Inno-\\ncence, and promote the cause of religion and\\nvirtue. And he has all the consciousness that\\nwhat he is engaged upon is no ordinary enter-\\nprise. He is certain that his pages will outlive\\nboth their own infirm Author and his ene-\\nmies and he appeals to Fame to solace and re-\\nassure him\\n^^Come, bright Love of Fame, says the\\nbeautiful invocation which begins the thir-\\nteenth Book, inspire my glowing Breast:\\nNot thee I call, who over swelling Tides of\\nBlood and Tears, dost bear the Heroe on to\\nGlory, while Sighs of Millions waft his spread-\\ning Sails but thee, fair, gentle maid, whom", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 171\\nMnesis, happy Nymph, first on the Banks of\\nHebrus didst produce. Thee, whom Mceonia\\neducated, whom Mantua charmed, and who, on\\nthat fair Hill which overlooks the proud Metrop-\\nolis of Britain^ sat, with thy Milton, sweetly tun-\\ning the Heroic Lyre fill my ravished Fancy\\nwith the Hopes of charming Ages yet to come.\\nForetel me that some tender Maid, whose\\nGrandmother is yet unborn^ hereafter, when, un-\\nder the fictitious Name of Sophia, she reads the\\nreal Worth which once existed in my Charlotte,\\nshall, from her sympathetic Breast, send forth\\nthe heaving Sigh. Do thou teach me not only\\nto foresee, but to enjoy, nay, even to feed on\\nfuture Praise. Comfort me by a solemn Assur-\\nance, that when the little Parlour in which I sit\\nat this Instant, shall be reduced to a worse fur-\\nnished box, I shall be read, with Honour, by those\\nwho never knew nor saw me, and whom I shall\\nnever know nor see.\\nWith no less earnestness, after a mock apos-\\ntrophe to Wealth, he appeals to Genius\\nTeach me (he exclaims), which to thee is no\\ndifficult Task, to know Mankind better than they\\nknow themselves. Remove that Mist which\\ndims the Intellects of Mortals, and causes them\\nto adore Men for their Art, or to detest them for\\niTom Jones, Bk. xiii., ch. i.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "172 Henry Fielding\\ntheir Cunning in deceiving others, when they\\nare, in Reality, the Objects only of Ridicule, for\\ndeceiving themselves. Strip off the thin Dis-\\nguise of Wisdom from Self-Conceit, of Plenty\\nfrom Avarice, and of Glory from Ambition.\\nCome thou, that hast inspired thy Aristophanes^\\nthy Lucian, thy Cervantes, thy Rabelais, thy Mo-\\nlitre, thy Shakespeare, ihy Swift, ihy Marivaux, fill\\nmy Pages w^ith Humour, till Mankind learn the\\nGood-Nature to laugh only at the Follies of\\nothers, and the Humility to grieve at their own.\\nFrom the little group of immortals w^ho are\\nhere enumerated, it may be gathered with whom\\nFielding sought to compete, and with whom he\\nhoped hereafter to be associated. His hopes\\nwere not in vain. Indeed, in one respect, he\\nmust be held to have even outrivalled that par-\\nticular predecessor with whom he has been often-\\nest compared. Like Don Quixote, Tom Jones is\\nthe precursor of a new order of things, the\\nearliest and freshest expression of a new depar-\\nture in art. But while Tom Jones is, to the full,\\nas amusing as Don Quixote, it has the advantage\\nof a greatly superior plan, and an interest more\\nskillfully sustained. The incidents which, in\\nCervantes, simply succeed each other like the\\nscenes in a panorama, are, in Tom Jones, but\\n1/3.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 173\\nparts of an organised and carefully-arranged pro-\\ngression towards a foreseen conclusion. As the\\nhero and heroine cross and re-cross each other s\\ntrack, there is scarcely an episode which does\\nnot aid in the moving forward of the story. Lit-\\ntle details rise lightly and naturally to the surface\\nof the narrative, not more noticeable at first than\\nthe most everyday occurrences, and a few pages\\nfarther on become of the greatest importance.\\nThe hero makes a mock proposal of marriage to\\nLady Bellaston. It scarcely detains attention,\\nso natural an expedient does it appear, and be-\\nhold in a chapter or two it has become a terrible\\nweapon in the hands of the injured Sophia 1\\nAgain, when the secret of Jones birth is finally\\ndisclosed, we look back and discover a hundred\\nlittle premonitions which escaped us at first, but\\nwhich, read by the light of our latest knowledge,\\nassume a fresh significance. At the same time,\\nit must be admitted that the over-quoted and\\nsomewhat antiquated dictum of Coleridge, by\\nwhich Tom /ones is grouped with the Alchemist\\nMuch ink has been shed respecting Fielding s reason for\\nmaking his hero illegitimate. But may not The History\\nof Tom Jones, a Foundliiig^^ have had no subtler origin\\nthan the recent establishment of the Foundling Hospital, of\\nwhich Fielding had written in the ChaittpioUy and in which\\nhis friend Hogarth was interested", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "174 Henry Fielding\\nand CEdipus Tyrannusj as one of the three most\\nperfect plots in the world, requires revision.\\nHowever justified by precedent, it is impossible\\nto apply the term perfect to a work which\\ncontains such an inexplicable stumbling-block as\\nthe Man of the HilFs story. Then again, prog-\\nress and animation alone will not make a perfect\\nplot, unless probability be superadded. And\\nalthough it cannot be said that Fielding disre-\\ngards probability, he certainly strains it consider-\\nably. Money is conveniently lost and found\\nthe naivest coincidences continually occur; peo-\\nple turn up in the nick of time at the exact spot\\nrequired, and develop the most needful (but en-\\ntirely casual) relations with the characters.\\nSometimes an episode is so inartistically intro-\\nduced as to be almost clumsy. Towards the end\\nof the book, for instance, it has to be shown\\nthat Jones has still some power of resisting\\ntemptation, and he accordingly receives from\\na Mrs. Arabella Hunt, a written offer of her\\nhand, which he declines. Mrs. Hunt s name\\nhas never been mentioned before, nor, after this\\noccurrence, is it mentioned again. But in the\\nbrief fortnight which Jones has been in town,\\nwith his head full of Lady Bellaston, Sophia, and\\nthe rest, we are to assume that he has unwittingly\\ninspired her with so desperate a passion that she", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 175\\nproposes and is refused all in a chapter. Im-\\nperfections of this kind are more worthy of con-\\nsideration than some of the minor negligences\\nwhich criticism has amused itself by detecting in\\nthis famous book. Such, among others, is the\\ndiscovery made by a writer in the Genilemans\\nMaga:{ine^ that in one place winter and summer\\ncome too close together; or the strange speci-\\nmen of oscitancy which another (it is, in fact,\\nMr. Keightley) considers it worth while to re-\\ncord respecting the misplacing of the village of\\nHambrook. To such trifles as these last the pre-\\ncept of non offendar maculis may safely be applied,\\nalthough Fielding, wiser than his critics, seems\\nto have foreseen the necessity for still larger\\nallowances\\nCruel indeed, says he in his proemium to\\nBook XL, would it be, if such a Work as this\\nHistory, which hath employed some Thousands\\nof Hours in the composing, should be liable to\\nbe condemned, because some particular Chapter,\\nor perhaps Chapters, may be obnoxious to very\\njust and sensible Objections. To write\\nwithin such severe Rules as these, is as impos-\\nsible as to live up to some splenetic Opinions and\\nif we judge according to the Sentiments of some\\nCritics, and of some Christians, no Author will\\nbe saved in this World, and no Man in the next.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "176 Henry Fielding\\nNotwithstanding its admitted superiority to\\nJoseph Andrews as a work of art, there is no male\\ncharacter in Tom Jones which can compete with\\nParson Adams none certainly which we regard\\nwith equal admiration. Allworthy, excellent\\ncompound of Lyttelton and Allen though he be,\\nremains always a little stiff and cold in compari-\\nson with the Reined humanity around him.\\nV/e feel of him, as of another impeccable person-\\nage, that we cannot breathe in that fine air,\\nThat pure severity of perfect light, and that we\\nwant the warmth and colour w^hich we find in\\nAdams. AUworthy is a type rather than a char-\\nacter a fault which also seems to apply to that\\nMolieresque hypocrite, the younger Blifil.\\nFielding seems to have welded this latter to-\\ngether, rather than to have fused him entire, and\\nthe result is a certain lack of verisimilitude,\\nwhich makes us wonder how his pinchbeck pro-\\nfessions and vamped-up virtues could deceive so\\nmany persons. On the other hand, his father,\\nCaptain John Blifil, has all the look of life. Nor\\ncan there be any doubt about the vitality of\\nSquire Western. Whether the germ of his char-\\nacter be derived from Addison s Tory Foxhunter\\nor not, it is certain that Fielding must have had\\nsuperabundant material of his own from which to\\nmodel this thoroughly representative, and at the", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 177\\nsame time, completely individual character.\\nWestern has all the rustic tastes, the narrow prej-\\nudices, the imperfect education, the unreasoning\\nhatred to the court, which distinguished the Jaco-\\nbite country gentleman of the Georgian era but\\nhis divided love for his daughter and his horses,\\nhis good-humour and his shrewdness, his foam-\\ning impulses and his quick sudsidings, his tears,\\nhis oaths, and his barbaric dialect, are all essen-\\ntial features in a personal portrait. When Jones\\nhas rescued Sophia, he will give him all his stable,\\nthe Chevalier and Miss Slouch excepted when\\nhe finds he is in love with her, he is in a frenzy\\nto get at un^ and spoil his Caterwauling.\\nHe will have the surgeon s heart s blood if he\\ntakes a drop too much from Sophia s w^hite arm\\nwhen she opposes his wishes as to Blifil, he will\\nturn her into the street with no more than a\\nsmock, and give his estate to the -{inking\\nFund. Throughout the book he is qualis ab\\nincepio, boisterous, brutal, jovial, and inimi-\\ntable so that when finally in Chapter the\\nLast, we get that pretty picture of him in Sophy s\\nnursery, protesting that the tattling of his little\\ngranddaughter is sweeter Music than the finest\\nCry of Dosg in England, we part with him al-\\nmost with a feeling of esteem. Scott seems to\\nhave thought it unreasonable that he should have", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "178 Henry Fielding\\ntaken a beating so unresistingly from the friend\\nof Lord Fellamar,* and even hints that the pas-\\nsage is an interpolation, although he wisely re-\\nfrains from suggesting by whom, and should have\\nknown that it was in the first edition. With all\\ndeference to so eminent an authority, it is impos-\\nsible to share his hesitation. Fielding was fully\\naware that even the bravest have their fits of\\npanic. It must besides be remembered that Lord\\nFellamar s friend was not an effeminate dandy,\\nbut a military man probably a professed sabreur,\\nif not a salaried bully like Captain Stab in the\\nRake s Progress that he was armed with a stick\\nand Western was not and that he fell upon him\\nin the most unexpected manner, in a place where\\nhe was wholly out of his element. It is incon-\\nceivable that the sturdy squire, with his faculty\\nfor distributing*^ Flicks and Dowses, who\\ncame so valiantly to the aid of Jones in his battle-\\nroyal with Blifil and Thwackum, was likely, un-\\nder any but very exceptional circumstances, to be\\ndismayed by a cane. It was the exceptional\\ncharacter of the assault which made a coward of\\nhim and Fielding, who had the keenest eye for\\ninconsistencies of the kind, knew perfectly well\\nwhat he was doing.\\nOf the remaining personages of the story- the\\nswarming individualities with which the book is", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 179\\nliterally **all alive/ as Lord Monboddo said it\\nis impossible to give any adequate account.\\nFev^ of them, if any, are open to the objection\\nalready pointed out with respect to Allworthy\\nand the younger Blifil, and most of them bear\\nsigns of having been closely copied from living\\nmodels. Parson Thwackum, with his Antino-\\nmian doctrines^ his bigotry, and his pedagogic no-\\ntions of justice Square the philosopher, with his\\nfaith in human virtue (alas 1 poor Square), and\\nhis cuckoo-cry about the unalterable Rule of\\nRight and the eternal Fitness of Things Par-\\ntridge the unapproachable Partridge, with his\\nsuperstition, his vanity, and his perpetual Infan-\\ndum regina, but who, notwithstanding all his\\ncheap Latinity, cannot construe an unexpected\\nphrase of Horace Ensign Northerton, with his\\nvague and disrespectful recollections of\\nHomo young Nightingale and Parson Sup-\\nple each is a definite character bearing upon\\nhis brow the mark of his absolute fidelity to\\nhuman nature. Nor are the female actors less\\naccurately conceived. Starched Miss Bridget\\nAllworthy, with her pinched Hogarthian face\\nMiss Western, with her disjointed diplomatic jar-\\ngon that budding Slipslop, Mrs. Honour;\\nworthy Mrs. Miller^ Mrs. Fitzpatrick, Mrs.\\nWaters, Lady Bellaston, all are to the full as", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "i8o Henry Fielding\\nreal. Lady Bellaston especially, deserves more\\nthan a word. Like Lady Booby in yos^p/i An-\\ndrews, she is not a pleasant character but the\\npicture of the fashionable demirep, cynical, sen-\\nsual, and imperious, has never been drawn more\\nvigorously, or more completely even by Balzac.\\nLastly, there is the adorable Sophia herself, whose\\npardon should be asked for naming her in such\\nclose proximity to her frailer sister. Byron calls\\nher (perhaps with a slight suspicion of exigence\\nof rhyme) too emphatic meaning, apparently,\\nto refer to such passages as her conversation with\\nMrs. Fitzpatrick, etc. But the heroine of Field-\\ning s time a time which made merry over a\\nlady s misadventures in horsemanship, and sub-\\njected her to such atrocities as those of Lord\\nFellamar required to be strongly moulded and\\nSophia Western is pure and womanly, in spite of\\nher unfavourable surroundings. She is a charm-\\ning example the first of her race of an unsen-\\ntimentalised flesh-and-blood heroine and Time\\nhas bated no jot of her frank vitality or her\\nhealthy beauty. Her descendants in the modern\\nnovel are far more numerous than the family\\nwhich she bore to the fortunate the too fortu-\\nnate\u00e2\u0080\u0094Mr. Jones.\\nAnd this reminds us that in the foregoing enu-\\nmeration we have left out Hamlet. In truth, it", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "A Memoir i8i\\nis by no means easy to speak of this good-look-\\ning^ but very unheroic hero. Lady Mary, employ-\\ning, curiously enough^ the identical phrase which\\nFielding has made one of his characters apply to\\nJones, goes so far as to call him a sorry scoun-\\ndrel and eminent critics have dilated upon his\\nfondness for drink and play. But it is a notable\\ninstance of the way in which preconceived at-\\ntributes are gradually attached to certain char-\\nacters, that there is in reality little or nothing to\\nshow that he was either sot or gamester. With\\none exception, when, in the joy of his heart at\\nhis benefactor s recovery, he takes too much wine\\n(and it may be noted that on the same occasion\\nthe Catonic Thwackum drinks considerably\\nmore), there is no evidence that he was specially\\ngiven to tippling, even in an age of hard drinkers,\\nwhile of his gambling there is absolutely no trace\\nat all. On the other hand, he is admittedly\\nbrave, generous, chivalrous, kind to the poor, and\\ncourteous to women. What, then, is his cardinal\\ndefect The answer lies in the fact that Field-\\ning, following the doctrine laid down in his initial\\nchapters, has depicted him under certain condi-\\ntions (in which, it is material to note, he is al-\\nways rather the tempted than the tempter), with\\nan unvarnished truthfulness which to the pure-\\n1 Letters, etc., i86i, ii. 280.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "i82 Henry Fielding\\nminded is repugnant, and to the prurient indecent.\\nRemembering that he too had been young, and\\nreproducing, it may be, his own experiences, he\\nexhibits his youth as he had found him a pie-\\nbald miscellany,\\nBursts of great heart and slips in sensual mire\\nand, to our modern ideas, when no one dares, as\\nThackeray complained, to depict to his utmost\\npower a Man, the spectacle is discomforting.\\nYet those who look upon human nature as keenly\\nand unflinchingly as Fielding did, knowing how\\nweak and fallible it is, how prone to fall away\\nby accident or passion, can scarcely deny the\\ntruth of Tom Jones. That such a person cannot\\nproperly serve as a hero now is rather a question\\nof our time than of Fielding s, and it may safely\\nbe set aside. One objection which has been\\nmade, and made with reason, is that Fielding,\\nwhile taking care that Nemesis shall follow his\\nhero s lapses, has spoken of them with too much\\nindulgence, or rather without sufficient excuse.\\nColeridge, who was certainly not squeamish,\\nseems to have felt this when, in a MS. note^ in\\n1 These notes were communicated by Mr. James Gillman\\nto The Literary Remains of Sa7?iuel Taylor Coleridge, pub-\\nlished by H. N. Coleridge in 1836. The book in which", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 183\\nthe well-known British Museum edition, he\\nsays\\nEven in the most questionable part of Tom\\nJones [i.^., the Lady Bellaston episode, chap. ix.\\nBook XV.], I cannot but think after frequent re-\\nflection on it, that an additional paragraph, more\\nfully forcibly unfolding Tom Jones s sense of\\nself-degradation on the discovery of the true char-\\nacter of the relation, in which he had stood to\\nLady Bellaston his awakened feeling of the\\ndignity and manliness of Chastity would have\\nremoved in great measure any just objection, at\\nall events relating to Fielding himself, by taking\\nin the state of manners in his time.\\nAnother point suggested by these last lines\\nmay be touched en passant. Lady Bellaston as\\nFielding has carefully explained (chap. i. Book\\nxiv.), was not a typical, but an exceptional, mem*-\\nber of society and although there were eight-\\neenth-century precedents for such alliances (e.g.,\\nthey were made, (it is the four volume edition of 1773, and\\nhas Gillman s book-plate), is now in the British Museum.\\nThe above transcript is from the MS.\\n1 She has sometimes been identified with Ethelreda or\\nAudrey Harrison, Viscountess Townshend, also supposed\\nby many to be the original of Lady Tempest in Coventry s\\nPompey the Little^ I75i which, by the way, was dedicated\\nto Fielding. These suggestions are ingenious rather than\\ninstructive.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "184 Henry Fielding\\nMiss Edwards and Lord Anne Hamilton, Mrs.\\nUpton and General Braddock,) it is a question\\nwhether in a picture of average English life it was\\nnecessary to deal with exceptions of this kind, or,\\nat all events, to exemplify them in the principal\\npersonage. But the discussion of this subject\\nwould prove interminable. Right or wrong,\\nFielding has certainly suffered in popularity for\\nhis candour in this respect, since one of the\\nwisest and wittiest books ever written cannot,\\nwithout hesitation, be now placed in the hands\\nof women or very young people. Moreover,\\nthis same candour has undoubtedly attracted to its\\npages many, neither young nor women, whom its\\nwit finds unintelligent, and its wisdom leaves un-\\nconcerned.\\nBut what a brave wit it is, what a wisdom after\\nall, that is contained in this wonderful novel I\\nWhere shall we find its like for richness of re-\\nflection for inexhaustible good-humour for\\nlarge and liberal humanity 1 Like Fontenelle,\\nFielding might fairly claim that he had never cast\\nthe smallest ridicule upon the most infinitesimal\\nof virtues it is against hyprocrisy, affectation,\\ninsincerity of all kinds, that he wages war. And\\nwhat a keen and searching observation, what a\\nperpetual faculty of surprise, what an endless va-\\nriety of method I Take the chapter headed ironic-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 185\\nally A Receipt to regain the lost Affections of a\\nWife, m which Captain John Blifil gives so striking\\nan example of Mr. Samuel Johnson s just published\\nVanity of Human Wishes, by dying suddenly of\\napoplexy while he is considering what he will do\\nwith Mr. Allworthy s property (when it reverts\\nto him) or that admirable scene, commended by\\nMacaulay, of Partridge at the Playhouse, which\\nis none the worse because it has just a slight look\\nof kinship with that other famous visit which Sir\\nRoger de Coverley paid to Philips s Distrest\\nMother, Or take again, as utterly unlike either\\nof these, that burlesque Homeric battle in the\\nchurchyard, where the sweetly-winding Stour\\nstands for reedy Simois/ and the bumpkins\\nround for Greeks and Trojans 1 Or take yet\\nonce more, though it is woful work to offer bricks\\nfrom this edifice which has already (in a sense)\\noutlived the Escorial/ the still more diverse pas-\\nsage which depicts the changing conflict in Black\\nGeorge s mind as to whether he shall return to\\nJones the sixteen guineas that he has found\\nBlack George having received the Purse, set\\nforward towards the Alehouse but in the Way\\na Thought occurred whether he should not detain\\nthis Money likewise. His Conscience, how-\\nThe Escorial, it will be remembered, was partially\\nburned in 1872.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "1 86 Henry Fielding\\never, immediately started at this Suggestion, and\\nbegan to upbraid him with Ingratitude to his\\nBenefactor. To this his Avarice answered,\\nThat his conscience should have considered that\\nMatter before, when he deprived poor Jones of\\nhis 500I. That having quietly acquiesced in what\\nwas of so much greater Importance, it was ab-\\nsurb, if not downright Hypocrisy, to affect any\\nQualms at this Trifle. In return to which, Con-\\nscience, like a good Lawyer, attempted to dis-\\ntinguish between an absolute Breach of Trust, as\\nhere where the Goods were delivered, and a bare\\nConcealment of what was found, as in the former\\nCase. Avarice presently treated this with Ridi-\\ncule, called it a Distinction without a Difference,\\nand absolutely insisted, that when once all Pre-\\ntensions of Honour and Virtue were given up in\\nany one Instance, that there was no Precedent\\nfor resorting to them upon a second Occasion.\\nIn short, poor Conscience had certainly been de-\\nfeated in the Argument, had not Fear stept in to\\nher Assistance, and very strenuously urged, that\\nthe real Distinction between the two Actions,\\ndid not lie in the different degrees of Honour,\\nbut of Safety: For that the secreting the ^ool.\\nwas a matter of very little Hazard; whereas the\\ndetaining the sixteen Guineas was liable to the\\nutmost Danger of Discovery.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 187\\nBy this friendly Aid of Fear, Conscience\\nobtained a compleat Victory in the mind of Bldck\\nGeorge, and after making him a few Compliments\\non his Honesty, forced him to deliver the Money\\nto Jones,\\nWhen one remembers that this is but one of\\nmany such passages, and that the book, notwith-\\nstanding the indulgence claimed by the author in\\nthe Preface, and despite a certain hurry at the\\nclose, is singularly even in its workmanship, it\\ncertainly increases our respect for the manly\\ngenius of the writer, who, amid all the distrac-\\ntions of ill-health and poverty, could find the\\ncourage to pursue and perfect such a conception.\\nIt is true that both Cervantes and Bunyan wrote\\ntheir masterpieces in the confinement of a prison.\\nBut they must at least have enjoyed the seclu-\\nsion so needful to literary labour while Tom\\nJones was written here and there, at all times\\nand in all places, with the dun at the door and the\\nwolf not very far from the gate.^\\nThe little sentence quoted some pages back\\nfrom Walpole s letters is sufficient proof, if proof\\nwere needed, of its immediate success. Andrew\\nMillar was shrewd enough, despite his constitu-\\nSalisbury, in the neighbourhood of which Tom Jojies is laid,\\nclaims the originals of some of the characters. Thwackum\\nis said to have been Hele, a schoolmaster Square, Thomas", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "1 88 Henry Fielding\\ntional confusion, and he is not likely to have\\ngiven an additional ;^ioo to the author of any\\nbook without good reason. The indications of\\nthat success are not, however, very plainly im-\\npressed upon the public prints. The Gentleman s\\nMagazine for 1749, which, as might be expected\\nfrom Johnson s connection with it, contains am-\\nple accounts of his own tragedy of Irene and\\nRichardson s recently-published Clarissa^ has no\\nnotice of Tom Jones, nor is there even any adver-\\ntisement of the second edition issued in the same\\nyear. But, in the emblematic frontispiece, it\\nappears under Clarissa (and sharing with that\\nwork a possibly unintended proximity to a sprig\\nof laurel stuck in a bottle of Nantes), among a\\npile of the books of the year; and in the poet-\\nical essays for August, one *^Tho. Cawthorn\\nbreaks into rhymed panegyric. **Sick of her\\nfools, sings this enthusiastic but scarcely lucid\\nadmirer\\nSick of her fools, great Nature broke the jest,\\nAnd Irtith held out each character to test,\\nWhen Genius spoke Let Fieldmg take the pen\\nLife dropt her mask, and all mankind were men.\\nThere were others^ however, who would\\nscarcely have echoed the laudatory sentiments of\\nChubb, the Deist (d. 1747) and Dowling the lawyer, a\\nperson named Stillingfleet.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 189\\nMr. Cawthorn. Among these was again the ex-\\ncellent Richardson, who seems to have been\\nwholly unpropitiated by the olive branch held out\\nto him in the Jacobite s Journal. His vexation at\\nthe indignity put upon Pamela by Joseph An-\\ndrews was now complicated by a twittering jeal-\\nousy of the spurious brat, as he obligingly\\ncalled Tom Jones, whose success had been so\\nunaccountable/ In these circumstances, some\\nof the letters of his correspondents must have\\nbeen gall and wormwood to him. Lady Brad-\\nshaigh, for instance, under her pseudonym of\\nBelfour, tells him that she is fatigued with the\\nvery name of the book, having met several young\\nladies who were for ever talking of their Tom\\nJones s, **for so they call their favourites, and\\nthat the gentlemen, on their side, had their So-\\nphias, one having gone so far as to give that all-\\npopular nam.e to his Dutch mastiff puppy.\\nBut perhaps the best and freshest exhibition (for,\\nas far as can be ascertained, it has never hitherto\\nbeen made public) of Richardson s attitude to his\\nrival is to be found in a little group of letters in\\nthe Forster collection at South Kensington. The\\nwriters are Aaron Hill and his daughters; but\\nthe letters do not seem to have been known to\\nMrs. Barbauld, whose last communication from\\nHill is dated November 2, 1748. Nor are they", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "190 Henry Fielding\\nto be found in Hill s own Correspondence. The\\nladies, it appears, had visited Richardson at\\nSalisbury Court in 1741, and were great ad-\\nmirers of Pamela^ and the divine Clarissa.\\nSome months after Tom Jones was published,\\nRichardson (not having yet brought himself to\\nread the book) had asked them to do so, and\\ngive him their opinion as to its merits. There-\\nupon Minerva and Astraea, despite their descrip-\\ntion of themselves as Girls of an untittering\\nDisposition, must have been very bright and\\nlively young persons, began seriously to lay\\ntheir two wise heads together and hazard this\\nDiscovery of their Emptiness. Having with\\nmuch ado got over some Reluctance, that was\\nbred by a familiar coarseness in the Title, they\\nreport much (masqu d) merit in the whole\\nsix volumes ^a double merit, both of Head,\\nand Heart. Had it been the latter only it\\nwould be more worthy of Mr. Richard-\\nson s perusal but, say these considerate pio-\\nneers, if he does spare it his attention, he must\\nonly do so at his leisure, for the author intro-\\nduces All his Sections (and too often interweaves\\nthes^noMsBody of his meanings), with long Runs\\nof bantering Levity, which his Fielding s] Good\\nsense may suffer by Effect of. It is true (they\\ncontinue), he seems to wear this Lightness, as a", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 191\\ngrave Head sometimes wears a Feather: which\\ntho He and Fashion may consider as an orna-\\nment, Reflection will condemn, as a Disguise,\\nand covering,^ Then follows a brief excursus,\\nintended for their correspondent s special conso-\\nlation, upon the folly of treating grave things\\nlightly and with delightful sententiousness the\\nletter thus concludes\\nMeanwhile, it is an honest pleasure which\\nwe take in adding, that (exclusive of one wild,\\ndetach d, and independent Story of a Man of the\\nHill, that neither brings on Anything, nor rose\\nfrom Anything that went before it) All the\\nchangeful windings of the Author s Fancy carry\\non a course of regular Design and end in an\\nextremely moving Close, where Lives that seem d\\nto w^ander and run different ways, meet, All, in an\\ninstructive Center.\\nThe whole piece consists of an inventive\\nRace of Disappointments and Recoveries. It\\nexcites Curiosity, and holds it watchful. It has\\njust and pointed Satire but it is a partial Satire,\\nand confin d too narrowly: It sacrifices to Au-\\nthority, and Interest. Its Events reward Sincer-\\nity, and punish and expose Hypocrisy; shew\\nPity and Benevolence in amiable Lights, and\\nAvarice and Brutality in very despicable ones.\\nIn every Part It has Humanity for its Intention:", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "192 Henry Fielding\\nIn too many, it seems wantoner than It was\\nmeant to be It has bold shocking Pictures and\\n(I fear)^ not unresembling ones, in high Life,\\nand in low. And (to conclude this too adven-\\nturous Guess-work, from a Pair of forward Bag-\\ngages) would, every where, (we think,) deserve\\nto please, if stript of what the Author thought\\nhimself most sure to please hy,\\nAnd thus, Sir, we have told you our sincere\\nopinion of Tom Jones,\\nYour most Profest Admirers and most hum-\\nble Servants,\\nAstrsea\\nand Hill.\\nMinerva 3\\nPlaistow, the 2yth of Jul/, 1749.\\nRichardson s reply to this ingenuous criticism\\nis dated the 4th of August. His requesting two\\nyoung women to study and criticise a book which\\nhe has heard strongly condemned as immoral,\\nhis own obvious familiarity with what he has not\\nread but does not scruple to censure, his trans-\\nparently jealous anticipation of its author s ability,\\nall this forms a picture so characteristic alike of\\n1 The pen-holder is the fair Astraea. These were their\\nreal names. There was a third sister, Urania.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 193\\nthe man and the time that no apology is needed\\nfor the following textual extract\\nI must confess, that I have been prejudiced\\nby the Opinion of Several judicious Friends\\nagainst the truly coarse-titled Tom Jones and so\\nhave been discouraged from reading it. I was\\ntold, that it was a rambling Collection of Waking\\nDreams, in which Probability was not observed\\nAnd that it had a very bad Tendency. And I\\nhad Reason to think that the Author intended for\\nhis Second View jini, to fill his Pocket, by\\naccommodating it to the reigning Taste) in writing\\nit, to whiten a vicious character, and to make\\nMorality bend to his Practices. What Reason\\nhad he to make his Tom illegitimate, in an Age\\nwhere Keeping is become a Fashion Why did\\nhe make him a common What shall I call it\\nAnd a Kept Fellow, the Lowest of all Fellows,\\nyet in Love with a Young Creature who was\\ntraping [trapesing?] after him, a Fugitive from\\nher Father s House Why did he draw his Her-\\noine so fond, so foolish, and so insipid Indeed\\nhe has one Excuse He knows not how to draw\\na delicate Woman He has not been accustomed\\nto such Company, And is too prescribing, too\\nimpetuous, too immoral, I will venture to say, to\\ntake any other Byass than that a perverse and\\ncrooked Nature has given him or Evil Habits,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "194 Henry Fielding\\nat least, have confirmed in him. Do Men expect\\nGrapes of Thorns, or Figs of Thistles? But,\\nperhaps, I think the worse of the Piece because\\nI know the Writer, and dislike his Principles both\\nPublic and Private, tho I wish well to the Man,\\nand Love Four worthy Sisters of his, with whom\\nI am well acquainted. And indeed should ad-\\nmire him, did he make the Use of his Talents\\nwhich I wish him to make^ For the Vein of Hu-\\nmour, and Ridicule, which he is Master of,\\nmight, if properly turned do great Service to y\u00c2\u00ae\\nCause of Virtue.\\nBut no more of this Gentleman s Work, after\\nI have said, That the favourable Things, you say\\nof the Piece, will tempt me, if I can find Leisure,\\nto give it a Perusal.\\nNotwithstanding this last sentence, Richardson\\nmore than once reverts to Tom Jones before he\\nfinishes his letter. Its effect upon Minerva and\\nAstr^ea is best described in an extract from Aaron\\nHilTs reply, dated seven days later (August the\\nnth)\\nUnfortunate Tom Jones how sadly has he\\nmortify d Two sawcy Correspondents of your\\nmaking They are with me now and bid me\\ntell you. You have spoil d em Both, for Criticks.\\nShall I add, a Secret which they did not bid me\\ntell you? They, Both, fairly cr/ i, that You", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 195\\nshou d think it possible they cou d approve of\\nAny thing, in Any work, that had an Evil Ten-\\ndene/, in any Part or Purpose of it. They main-\\ntain their Point so far, however^ as to be con-\\nvinc d they say, that you will disapprove this over-\\nrigid Judgment of those Friends, who cou d not\\nfind a Thread of Moral Meaning in Tom Jones,\\nquite independent of the Levities they justly cen-\\nsure. And, as soon as you have Time to read\\nhim, for yourself, tis there, pert Sluts, they will\\nbe bold enough to rest the Matter. Meanwhile,\\nthey love and honour you and your opinions.\\nTo this the author of C/amsa replied by writing\\na long epistle deploring the pain he had given the\\ndear Ladies, and minutely justifying his fore-\\ngone conclusions from the expressions they had\\nused. He refers to Fielding again as a very\\nindelicate, a very impetuous, an unyielding-spir-\\nited Man and he also trusts to be able to\\nbestow a Reading on Tom Jones but by a\\nletter from Lady Bradshaigh, printed in Barbauld,\\nand dated December, 1749, it seems that even at\\nthat date he had not, or pretended he had not, yet\\ndone so. In another of the unpublished South\\nKensington letters, from a Mr. Solomon Lowe,\\n(the author of a Critical Spelling Book oc-\\ncurs the following: I do not doubt says\\nthe writer but all Europe will ring of it ICla-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "196 Henry Fielding\\nrissa] when a Cracker, that was some thous d\\nhours a-composing,^ will no longer be heard, or\\ntalkt-of/ Richardson, with business-like pre-\\ncision, has gravely docketed this in his own hand-\\nwriting, Cracker, T. Jones/\\nIt is unfortunate for Mr. Lowe s reputation as\\na prophet that, after more than one hundred and\\nthirty years, this ephemeral firework, as he deemed\\nit, should still be sparkling with undiminished\\nbrilliancy, and to judge by recent additions, is\\nselling as vigorously as ever. From the days\\nwhen Lady Mary wrote Ne plus ultra in her\\nown copy, and La Harpe called it le premier ro-\\nman da monde^ (a phrase which, by the way, De\\nMusset applies to Clarissa), it has come down to\\nus with an almost universal accompaniment of\\npraise. Gibbon, Byron, Coleridge, Scott, Dick-\\nens, Thackeray, have all left their admiration\\non record, to say nothing of professional critics\\ninnumerable. As may be seen from the British\\nMuseum Catalogue, it has been translated into\\nFrench, German, Polish, Dutch, and Spanish.\\nRussia and Sweden have also their versions. The\\nfirst French translation, or rather abridgment, by\\nM.de La Place was prohibited in France^ (to\\nRichardson s delight) by royal decree, an act\\n1 Vide Tom Jones, Book xi. chap. i.\\n^Monthly Review^ ^7S^f P* 432*", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 197\\nwhich affords another instance, in Scott s words,\\nof that French delicacy, which, on so many oc-\\ncasions, has strained at a gnat, and swallowed a\\nearner (t\\\\ g., the novels of M. Crebillon fds).\\nLa Place s edition (1750) was gracefully illus-\\ntrated with sixteen plates by Hubert Bourguignon,\\ncalled Gravelot, one of those eighteenth-century\\nillustrators whose designs are still the rage in\\nParis. In England, Fielding s best-known pic-\\ntorial interpreters are Rowlandson and Cruik-\\nshank, the latter being by far the more sympa-\\nthetic. Stothard also prepared some designs for\\nHarrison s Novelisfs Maga:[ine but his refined\\nand effeminate penc il w^as scarcely strong enough\\nfor the task. Hogarth alone could have been the\\nideal illustrator of Henry Fielding that is to say\\nif, in lieu of the rude designs he made for\\nTristram Shandy, he could have been induced to\\nundertake the work in the larger fashion of the\\nRake s Progress or The Marriage a la Mode.\\nAs might perhaps be anticipated, Tom Jones\\nattracted the dramatist.^ In 1765, one J. H.\\n1 It may be added that it also attracted the plagiarist. As\\nPamela had its sequel in Paviela s Conduct in High Life,\\n1 741, so Tom Jones was continued in TJie History of Tom\\nJones the Foimdling, in his Married State y 1750. The\\nPreface announces, needlessly enough, that Henr}- Field-\\ning, Esq., is not the Author of this Book. It deserves no\\nserious consideration. The same may be said of the volume", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "198 Henry Fielding\\nSteffens made a comedy of it for the German\\nboards; and in 1782 Desforges based upon it\\nanother, in five Acts, called Tom Jones d Londres,\\nwhich was acted at the ThMire Frangais, and has\\nbeen warmly praised by La Harpe, especially for\\nits Fellamar.^ The book was also turned into a\\ncomic opera by Joseph Reed in 1769, and played\\nat Covent Garden. But its most piquant trans-\\nformation is the Comidie lyrique of Poinsinet,\\nacted at Paris in 1765-6 to the lively music of\\nPhilidor. The famous bass, Joseph Caillot, took\\nthe part of Squire Western, who, surrounded by\\npiqueurs, and girt with the conventional cor de\\nchasse of the Gallic sportsman, sings the follow-\\ning ariette, diversified with true Fontainebleau\\nterms of Venery\\nD un Cerf, dix Cors, j ai connaissance\\nOn I attaque au fort, on le lance\\nTous sont pr^ts\\nPiqueurs Valets\\nSuivent les pas de I ami Jone (sic).\\nJ entends crier Volcelets, Volcelets.\\nentitled An Examen of the History of Tom Jones a Found-\\nli7tg, 1750.\\n1 Raimbach the engraver saw this in 1802, at Picard s\\ntheatre in the Rue Feydeau, Picard himself playing Squire\\nWestern (Me??ioirs and Recollections, 1843, p. 87). Des-\\nforges wrote an inferior sequel in 1787 entitled Tom Jones\\net Fellamar,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 199\\nAussitot j ordonne\\nQue la Meute donne.\\nTayaut, Tayaut, Tayaut.\\nMes chiens decouples I environnent\\nLes trompes sonnent\\nCourage, Amis Tayaut, Tayaut.\\nQuelques chiens, que I ardeur derange,\\nQuittent la voye prennent le change.\\nJones les rassure d un cri\\nOurvari, ourvari.\\nAccoute, accoute, accoute.\\nAu retour nous en revoyons.\\nAccoute, Mirmiraut, courons\\nTout Griffaut\\nY aprds Tayaut, Tayaut.\\nOn reprend route,\\nVoil^ le Cerf a I eau.\\nLa trompe sonne,\\nLa Meute donne,\\nL echo resonne,\\nNous pressons les nouveaux relais\\nVolcelets, Volcelets.\\nL animal force succombe.\\nFait un effort, se releve, enfin tombe\\nEt nos chasseurs chantent tous Tenvi\\nAmis, goutons les fruits de la victoire\\nAmis, Amis, celebrons notre gloire.\\nHalali, Fanfare, Halali\\nHalali/\\nWith which triumphant flourish of trumpets\\nthe present chapter may be fittingly concluded.^\\nSee Appendix No. II. Fielding and Mrs. Hussey.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VI\\nA visit to Justice Fielding chairman of Quarter Sessions,\\n12 May, 1749; charge to the Westminster Grand Jury,\\n29 June case of Bosavern Penlez, July Enquiry into\\nthe Causes of the late Increase of Robbers January, 1751\\nthe Glastonbury waters publication of Ameliay 19 Decem-\\nber its characteristics its characters and heroine her\\nportrait; the author s apology for his book; Richardson\\non Fielding; the Covent Garden Journal, 1752; pro-\\nposals for translating Lucian Examples of the Interpo-\\nsition of Providence f A. prHy 1752 Proposals for the Poor^\\nJanuary, 1753; Case of Elizabeth Canning, March.\\nTN one of Horace Walpole s letters to George\\nMontagu, already quoted, there is a descrip-\\ntion of Fielding s Bow Street establishment,\\nwhich has attracted more attention than it de-\\nserves. The letter is dated May the i8th, 1749,\\nand the passage (in Cunningham s edition) runs\\nas follows\\nHe [Rigby] and Peter Bathurst t other\\n1 Probably a son of Peter Bathurst (d. 1748), a brother of\\nPope s friend, Allen, Lord Bathurst. Rigby was the\\nRichard Rigby whose despicable character is familiar in\\nEighteenth-Century Memoirs. He died (says Cunning-\\nham) involved in debt, with his accounts as Paymaster of\\nthe Forces hopelessly unsettled.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 201\\nnight carried a servant of the lattefs, who had\\nattempted to shoot him, before Fielding who,\\nto all his other vocations, has, by the grace of\\nMr. Lyttelton, added that of Middlesex justice.\\nHe sent them word he was at supper, that they\\nmust come next morning. They did not under-\\nstand that freedom, and ran up, where they found\\nhim banqueting with a blind man, a whore, and\\nthree Irishmen, on some cold mutton and a bone\\nof ham, both in one dish, and the dirtiest cloth.\\nHe never stirred nor asked them to sit. Rigby,\\nwho had seen him so often come to beg a\\nguinea of Sir C. Williams, and Bathurst, at whose\\nfather s he had lived for victuals, understood that\\ndignity as little, and pulled themselves chairs\\non which he civilised.\\nScott calls this a humiliating anecdote and\\nboth Mr. Lawrence and Mr. Keightley have ex-\\nhausted rhetoric in the effort to explain it away.\\nAs told, it is certainly uncomplimentary; but\\nconsiderable deductions must be made, both for\\nthe attitude of the narrator and the occasion of\\nthe narrative. Walpole s championship of his\\nfriends was notorious and his absolute injustice,\\nwhen his partisan spirit was uppermost, is every-\\nwhere patent to the readers of his Letters. In\\nthe present case he was not of the encroaching\\nparty and he speaks from hearsay solely. But", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "30^ Henry Fielding\\nhis friends had, in his opinion, been outraged by\\na man, who, according to his ideas of fitness,\\nshould have come to them cap in hand and as a\\nnatural consequence, the story, no doubt exag-\\ngerated when it reached him, loses nothing under\\nhis transforming and malicious pen. Stripped of\\nits decorative flippancy, however, there remains\\nbut little that can really be regarded as humili-\\nating. Scott himself suggests, what is most un-\\nquestionably the case, that the blind man was the\\nnovelist s half-brother, afterwards Sir John Field-\\ning and it is extremely unlikely that the lady so\\ndiscourteously characterised could have been any\\nother than his wife, who, Lady Louisa Stuart\\ntells us, had few personal charms. There re-\\nmain the three Irishmen, who may, or may\\nnot, have been perfectly presentable members of\\nsociety. At all events, their mere nationality, so\\nrapidly decided upon, cannot be regarded as a\\nstigma. That the company and entertainment\\nwere scarcely calculated to suit the superfine\\nstandard of Mr. Bathurst and Mr. Rigby may\\nperhaps be conceded. Fielding was by no\\nmeans a rich man, and in his chequered career\\nhad possibly grown indifferent to minor decencies.\\nMoreover, we are told by Murphy that, as a\\nWestminster justice, he kept *his table open to\\nthose who had been his friends when young, and", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 203\\nhad impaired their own fortunes. Thus, it\\nmust always have been a more or less ragged\\nregiment who met about that kindly Bow Street\\nboard but that the fact reflects upon either the\\nhost or guests cannot be admitted for a moment.\\nIf the anecdote is discreditable to anyone it is to\\nthat facile retailer of ana and incorrigible society-\\ngossip, Mr. Horace Walpole.\\nBut while these unflattering tales were told of\\nhis private life, Fielding was fast becoming emi-\\nnent in his public capacity. On the 12th of May,\\n1749, he was unanimously chosen chairman of\\nQuarter Sessions at Hick s Hall (as the Clerken-\\nwell Sessions House was then called) and on\\nthe 29th of June following he delivered a charge\\nto the Westminster Grand Jury which is usually\\nprinted with his works, and which is still regarded\\nby lawyers as a model exposition.^ It is at first\\na little unexpected to read his impressive and\\nearnest denunciations of masquerades and theatres\\n(in which latter, by the way, one Samuel Foote\\nhad very recently been following the example of\\nthe author of Pasquin), as Sheridan was to do\\nlater but Fielding the magistrate and Fielding\\nthe playwright were two different persons and\\na long interval of changeful experience lay be-\\ntween them. In another part of his charge,\\n1 Worksy 1762, i. 48. Id. iv. 435-449.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "204 Henry Fielding\\nwhich deals with the offence of libelling, it is\\npossible that his very vigorous appeal was not\\nthe less forcible by reason of the personal at-\\ntacks to which he had referred in the Preface to\\nDavid Simple^ the Jacobite s Journal, and else-\\nwhere. His only other literary efforts during\\nthis year appear to have been a little pamphlet\\nentitled A True State of the Case of Bosavern\\nPenle\\\\; and a formal congratulatory letter to\\nLyttelton upon his second marriage, in which,\\nwhile speaking gratefully of his own obligations\\nto his friend, he endeavours to enlist his sym-\\npathies for Moore the fabulist who was also\\nabout to marry. The pamphlet had reference\\nto an occurrence which took place in July.\\nThree sailors of the Grafton man-of-war had\\nbeen robbed in a house of ill-fame in the Strand.\\nFailing to obtain redress, they attacked the house\\nwith their comrades, and wrecked it,^ causing a\\ndangerous riot, to which Fielding makes in-\\ncidental reference in one of his letters to the\\nDuke of Bedford, and which was witnessed by\\nJohn Byron, the poet and stenographer, in whose\\nRemains it is described. Bosavern Penlez or\\nPen Lez, who had joined the crowd, and in\\n1 This feat, as readers of Goldsmith will doubtless remem-\\nber, was known technically as tattering a kip, Vicar of\\nWakefield, 1766, ii. 12).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 205\\nwhose possession some of the stolen property\\nwas found, was tried and hanged in September.\\nHis sentence, which was considered extremely\\nsevere, excited much controversy, and the object\\nof Fielding s pamphlet was to vindicate the\\njustice and necessity of his conviction.\\nTowards the close of 1749 Fielding fell\\nseriously ill with fever aggravated by gout. It\\nwas indeed at one time reported that mortifica-\\ntion had supervened but under the care of Dr.\\nThomson, that dubious practitioner whose treat-\\nment of Winnington in 1746 had given rise to so\\nmuch paper war, he recovered and during 1750\\nwas actively employed in his magisterial duties.\\nAt this period lawlessness and violence appear to\\nhave prevailed to an unusual extent in the metrop-\\nolis, and the office of a Bow Street justice was\\nno sinecure. Reform of some kind was felt on\\nall sides to be urgently required and Fielding\\nthrew his two years experience and his deduc-\\ntions therefrom into the form of a pamphlet en-\\ntitled An Enquiry into the Causes of the late In-\\ncrease of Robbers, etc,, with some Proposals for\\nremedying this growing Evil, It was dedicated\\nto the then Lord High Chancellor, Philip Yorke,\\nLord Hardwicke, by whom, as well as by more\\nrecent legal authorities, it was highly appreciated.\\nLike the Charge to the Grand Jury, it is a grave", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "2o6 Henry Fielding\\nargumentative document, dealing seriously with\\nluxury, drunkenness, gaming, and other preva-\\nlent vices. Once only, in an ironical passage re-\\nspecting beaus and fine ladies, does the author\\nremind us of the author of Tom Jones. As a\\nrule, he is weighty, practical, and learned in the\\nlaw. Against the curse of Gin-drinking, which,\\nowing to the facilities for obtaining that liquor,\\nhad increased to an alarming extent among the\\npoorer classes, he is especially urgent and ener-\\ngetic. He points out that it is not only making\\ndreadful havoc in the present, but that it is en-\\nfeebling the race of the future, and he con-\\ncludes\\nSome little Care on this Head is surely nec-\\nessary For tho the Encrease of Thieves, and\\nthe Destruction of Morality though the Loss of\\nour Labourers, our Sailors, and our Soldiers,\\nshould not be sufficient Reasons, there is one\\nwhich seems to be unanswerable, and that is, the\\nLoss of our Gin-drinkers Since, should the\\ndrinking this Poison be continued in its present\\nHeight during the next twenty Years, there will,\\nby that Time, be very few of the common People\\nleft to drink it.\\nTo the appeal thus made by Fielding in\\nJanuary, 175 1 Hogarth added his pictorial protest\\nin the following month by his awful plate of Gin", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 207\\nLam^ which, if not actually prompted by his\\nfriend s words, was certainly inspired by the same\\ncrying evil. One good result of these efforts was\\nthe Bill for restricting the Sale of Spirituous\\nLiquors, to which the royal assent was given in\\nJune, and Fielding s connection with this enact-\\nment is practically acknowledged by Horace\\nWalpole in his Memoir es of the Last ten Years of\\nthe Reign of George IL The law was not wholly\\neffectual, and was difficult to enforce but it was\\nnot by any means without its good effects.^\\nBetween the publication of the Enquiry and\\nthat of Amelia there is nothing of importance to\\nchronicle except Fielding s connection with one\\n1 The Rev. R. Hurd, afterwards Bishop of Worcester, an\\nupright and scholarly, but formal and censorious man, whom\\nJohnson called a word-picker, and franker contempora-\\nries an old maid in breeches, has left a reference to Field-\\ning at this time which is not flattering. I dined with him\\n[Ralph Allen] yesterday, where I met Mr. Fielding,_a\\npoor emaciated, worn-out rake, whose gout and infirmities\\nhave got the better even of his buffoonery (Letter to\\nBalguy, dated Inner Temple, 19th March, 175 1. That\\nFielding had not long before been dangerously ill, and that\\nhe was a martyr to gout, is fact the rest is probably no\\nmore than the echo of a foregone conclusion, based upon\\nreport, or dislike to his works. Hurd praised Richardson\\nand proscribed Sterne. He must have been wholly out of\\nsympathy with the author of Tom Jones,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "2o8 Henry Fielding\\nof the events of 175 1, the discovery of the\\nGlastonbury w^aters. According to the account\\ngiven in the Gentleman s for July in that year, a\\ncertain Matthew Chancellor had been cured of\\nan asthma and phthisic of thirty years stand-\\ning by drinking from a spring near Chain Gate,\\nGlastonbury, to which he had (so he alleged)\\nbeen directed in a dream. The spring forthwith\\nbecame famous; and in May an entry in the\\nHistorical Chronicle for Sunday, the 5th, records\\nthat above 10,000 persons had visited it, desert-\\ning Bristol, Bath, and other popular resorts.\\nNumerous pamphlets were published for and\\nagainst the new waters and a letter in their\\nfavour, which appeared in the London Daily Ad-\\nvertiser for the 31st August, signed Z. Z., is\\nsupposed to be wrote by J e F g.\\nFielding was, as may be remembered, a Somer-\\nsetshire man, Sharpham Park, his birthplace, be-\\ning about three miles from Glastonbury and he\\ntestifies to the wonderful Effects of this salu-\\nbrious Spring in words which show that he had\\nhimself experienced them. Having seen great\\nNumbers of my Fellow Creatures under two of\\nthe most miserable Diseases human Nature can\\nlabour under, the Asthma and Evil, return from\\nGlastonbury blessed with the Return of Health,\\nand having myself been relieved from a Disorder", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 209\\nwhich baffled the most skilful Physicians/ justice\\nto mankind (he says) obliges him to take notice\\nof the subject. The letter is interesting, more as\\nshowing that, at this time, Fielding s health was\\nbroken, than as proving the efficacy of the cure\\nfor, whatever temporary relief the waters afforded,\\nit is clear (as Mr. Lawrence pertinently remarks)\\nthat he derived no permanent benefit from them.\\nThey must, however, have continued to attract\\nvisitors, as a pump-room was opened in August,\\n1753 and, although they have now fallen into\\ndisuse, they were popular for many years.\\nBut a more important occurrence than the dis-\\ncovery of the Somersetshire spring is a little an-\\nnouncement contained in Sylvanus Urban s list\\nof publications for December, 1751, No. 17 of\\nwhich is Amelia, in 4 books, i2mo by Henry\\nFielding, Esq. The publisher, of course, was\\nAndrew Millar; and the actual day of issue, as\\nappears from the General Advertiser, was Decem-\\nber the 19th, although the title-page, by anticipa-\\ntion, bore the date of 1752. There were two mot-\\ntoes, one of which was the appropriate\\nFelices ter amplius\\nQuos irrupt a tenet Copula\\nand the dedication, brief and simply expressed,\\nwas to Ralph Allen. As before, the artful", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "2IO Henry Fielding\\naid of advertisement was invoked to whet the\\npublic appetite.\\nTo satisfy the earnest Demand of the Pub-\\nlick (says Millar), this Work has been printed at\\nfour Presses but the Proprietor notwithstand-\\ning finds it impossible to get them {sic) bound in\\nTime, without spoiling the Beauty of the impres-\\nsion, and therefore will sell them sew d at Haif-\\na-Guinea.\\nThis was open enough but, according to\\nScott, Millar adopted a second expedient to as-\\nsist Amelia with the booksellers.\\nHe had paid a thousand pounds for the\\ncopyright and when he began to suspect that\\nthe work would be judged inferior to its pred-\\necessor, he employed the following stratagem to\\npush it upon the trade. At a sale made to the\\nbooksellers, previous to the publication, Millar\\noffered his friends his other publications on the\\nusual terms of discount but when he came to\\nAmelia^ he laid it aside, as a work expected to be\\nin such demand, that he could not afford to de-\\nliver it to the trade in the usual manner. The\\nruse succeeded\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the impression was anxiously\\nbought up, and the bookseller relieved from every\\napprehension of a slow sale.\\nThere were several reasons why superficially\\nLives of the Novelists^ 1825, i. 35,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "A Memoir an\\nspeaking Amelia should be judged inferior to\\nits predecessor. That it succeeded Tom Jones\\nafter an interval of little more than two years and\\neight months would be an important element in\\nthe comparison, if it were known at all definitely\\nwhat period was occupied in writing Tom Jones,\\nAll that can be affirmed is that Fielding must-\\nhave been far more at leisure when he composed\\nthe earlier work than he could possibly have been\\nwhen filling the onerous office of a Bow Street\\nmagistrate. But, in reality, there is a much better\\nexplanation of the superiority of Tom Jones to\\nAmelia than the merely empirical one of the time it\\ntook. Tom Jones, it has been admirably said by a\\nFrench critic, est la condensation et le resume\\nde toute une existence. C est le resultat et la\\nconclusion de plusieurs ann^es de passions et de\\npensees, la formule derni^re et complete de la\\nphilosophie personnelle que Ton s est faite sur\\ntout ce que Ton a vu et senti. Such an experi-\\nment, argues Gustave Planche,^ is not twice re-\\npeated in a lifetime the soil which produced so\\nrich a crop can but yield a poorer aftermath.\\nBehind Tom Jones there was the author s ebul-\\nlient youth and manhood behind Amelia but a\\nsection of his graver middle-age. There are\\nother reasons for diversity in the manner of the\\n1 Revue des Deux Monde s^ 1 83 2.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "212 Henry Fielding\\nbook itself. The absence of the initial chapters,\\nwhich gave so much variety to Tom Jones, tends\\nto heighten the sense of impatience which, it\\nmust be confessed, occasionally creeps over the\\nreader of Amelia, especially in those parts where,\\nlike Dickens at a later period. Fielding delays\\nthe progress of his narrative for the discussion of\\nsocial problems and popular grievances. How-\\never laudable the desire (expressed in the dedica-\\ntion) to expose some of the most glaring Evils^\\nas well public as private, which at present infest\\nthis Country, the result in Amelia, from an art\\npoint of view^ is as unsatisfactory as that of cer-\\ntain well-known pages of Bleak House and Little\\nDorrit, Again, there is a marked change in the\\nattitude of the author, a change not wholly rec-\\noncilable with the brief period which separates\\nthe two novels. However it may have chanced,\\nwhether from failing health or otherwise, the\\nFielding of Amelia is suddenly a far older man\\nthan the Fielding of Tom Jones. The robust and\\nirrepressible vitality, the full-veined delight of\\nliving, the energy of observation and strength of\\nsatire, which characterise the one give place in\\nthe other to a calmer retrospection, a more com-\\npassionate humanity, a gentler and more benig-\\nnant criticism of life. That, as some have con-\\ntended, Amelia shows an intellectual falling-off", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 213\\ncannot for a moment be admitted, least of all\\nupon the ground as even so staunch an admirer\\nas Mr. Keightley has allowed himself to believe\\nthat certain of its incidents are obviously re-\\npeated from the Modern Husband and others of\\nthe author s plays. At this rate Tom Jones might\\nbe judged inferior to Joseph Andrews, because the\\nPolitical Apothecary in the Man of the Hills\\nstory has his prototype in the Coffee-House Poll-\\niician, whose original is Addison s Upholster.\\nThe plain fact is, that Fielding recognised the\\nfailure of his plays as literature he regarded them\\nas dead and freely transplanted what was good\\nof his forgotten work into the work which he\\nhoped would live. In this, it may be, there was\\nsomething of indolence or haste but assuredly\\nthere was no proof of declining powers.\\nIf, for the sake of comparison, Tom Jones may\\nbe described as an animated and happily-con-\\nstructed comedy, with more than the usual allow-\\nance of first-rate characters, Amelia must be re-\\ngarded as a one-part piece, in which the rest of\\nthe personages are subordinate to the central\\nfigure. Captain Booth, the two Colonels, Atkin-\\nson and his wife. Miss Matthews, Dr. Harrison,\\nTrent, the shadowy and maleficent My Lord,\\nare all less active on their own account than\\nenergised and set in motion by Amelia. Round", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "214 Henry Fielding\\nher they revolve from her they obtain their im-\\npulse and their orbit. The best of the men, as\\nstudies, are Dr. Harrison and Colonel Bath. The\\nformer, who is as benevolent as Allworthy, is far\\nmore human, and it may be added, more humor-\\nous in v^ell-doing. He is an individual rather than\\nan abstraction. Bath, w^ith his dignity and gun-\\ncotton honour, is also admirable, but not entirely\\nfree from the objection made to some of Dick-\\nen s creations, that they are characteristics rather\\nthan characters. Captain William Booth, beyond\\nhis truth to nature, manifests no qualities that\\ncan compensate for his weakness, and the best\\nthat can be said of him is, that without it, his wife\\nwould have had no opportunity for the display of\\nher magnanimity. There is also a certain want\\nof consistency in his presentment and when, in\\nthe residence of Mr. Bondum the bailiff, he\\nsuddenly develops an unexpected scholarship, it\\nis impossible not to suspect that Fielding was un-\\nwilling to lose the opportunity of preserving some\\nneglected scenes of the Author s Farce, Miss\\nMatthews is a new and remarkable study of the\\nfemme entretenue, to parallel which, as in the\\ncase of Lady Bellaston, we must go to Balzac\\nMrs. James, again, an excellent example of that\\nvapid and colourless nonentity, the person of\\ncondition. Mrs. Bennet, although apparently", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 215\\nmore contradictory and less intelligible, is never-\\ntheless true to her past history and present en-\\nvironments while her husband, the sergeant,\\nwith his reticent and reverential love for his\\nbeautiful foster-sister, has had a long line of de-\\nscendants in the modern novel. It is upon\\nAmelia, however, that the author has lavished all\\nhis pains, and there is no more touching portrait\\nin the whole of fiction than this heroic and im-\\nmortal one of feminine goodness and forbear-\\nance. It is needless to repeat that it is painted\\nfrom Fielding s first wife, or to insist that, as\\nLady Mary was fully persuaded, several of the\\nincidents he mentions are real matters of fact.*\\nThat famous scene where Amelia is spreading,\\nfor the recreant who is losing his money at the\\nKing s Arms, the historic little supper of hashed\\nmutton which she has cooked with her own\\nhands, and denying herself a glass of white wine\\nto save the paltry sum of sixpence, while her\\nHusband was paying a Debt of several Guineas\\nincurred by the Ace of Trumps being in the\\nHands of his Adversary a scene which it is\\nimpossible to read aloud without a certain huski-\\nness in the throat, the visits to the pawnbroker\\nand the sponging-house, the robbery by the little\\nservant, the encounter at Vauxhall, and some of\\nAmelia y Bk. x. ch. 5.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "2i6 Henry Fielding\\nthe pretty vignettes of the children, are no doubt\\nfounded on personal recollections. Whether the\\npursuit to which the heroine is exposed had any\\nfoundation in reality it is impossible to say and\\nthere is a passage in Murphy s memoir which al-\\nmost reads as if it had been penned with the ex-\\npress purpose of anticipating any too harshly\\nliteral identification of Booth with Fielding,\\nsince we are told of the latter that though dis-\\nposed to gallantry by his strong animal spirits,\\nand the vivacity of his passions, he was remark-\\nable for tenderness and constancy to his wife [the\\nitalics are ours], and the strongest affection for\\nhis children/ These, however, are questions\\nbeside the matter, which is the conception of\\nAmelia. That remains, and must remain for\\never, in the words of one of Fielding s greatest\\nmodern successors, a figure\\nwrought with love\\nNought modish in it, pure and noble lines\\nOf generous womanhood that fits all time.\\nThere are many women who forgive but Amelia\\ndoes more she not only forgives, but she forgets.\\nThe passage in which she exhibits to her con-\\ntrite husband the letter received long before from\\nMiss Matthews is one of the noblest in litera-\\nls ^^^/^j, 1762, i. 48.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 217\\nture and if it had been recorded that Fielding\\nlike Thackeraj on a memorable occasion\\nhad here slapped his fist upon the table, and said\\nThat is a stroke of genius it would scarcely\\nhave been a thing to be marvelled at. One last\\npoint in connection vv^ith her maybe noted, which\\nhas not always been borne in mind by those who\\ndepict good women much after Hogarth s fash-\\nion without a head. She is not by any means\\na simpleton, and it is misleading to describe her\\nas a tender, fluttering little creature, who, be-\\ncause she can cook her husband s supper, and\\ncaresses him with the obsolete name of Billy,\\nmust necessarily be contemptible. On the con-\\ntrary, she has plenty of ability and good sense,\\nwith a fund of humour which enables her to enjoy\\nslily and even satirise gently the fine lady airs\\nof Mrs. James. Nor is it necessary to contend\\nthat her faculties are subordinated to her affec-\\ntions but rather that conjugal fidelity and Chris-\\ntian charity are inseparable alike from her char-\\nacter and her creed.\\nAs illustrating the tradition that Fielding de-\\npicted his first wife in Sophia Western and in\\nAmelia, it has been remarked that there is no\\nformal description of her personal appearance in\\nhis last novel, her portrait having already been\\ndrawn at length in Tom Jones, But the follow-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "2i8 Henry Fielding\\ning depreciatory sketch by Mrs. James is worth\\nquoting, not only because it indirectly conveys\\nthe impression of a very handsome woman, but\\nbecause it is also an admirable specimen of\\nFielding s lighter manner\\nIn the first place, cries Mrs. James, *her\\neyes are too large and she hath a look with\\nthem that I don t know how to describe but I\\nknow I don t like it. Then her eyebrows are\\ntoo large therefore, indeed, she doth all in her\\npower to remedy this with her pincers for if it\\nwas not for those, her eyebrows would be pre-\\nposterous. Then her nose, as well proportioned\\nas it is, has a visible scar on one side. Her\\nneck likewise is too protuberant for the genteel\\nsize, especially as she laces herself; for no\\nwoman, in my opinion, can be genteel who is not\\nentirely flat before. And lastly, she is both too\\nshort, and too tall. Well, you may laugh, Mr.\\nJames, I know what I mean, though I cannot\\nwell express it. I mean, that she is too tall for a\\npretty woman, and too short for a fine woman.\\nThere is such a thing as a kind of insipid\\nmedium a kind of something that is neither one\\nthing nor another. I know not how to express it\\nmore clearly but when I say such a one is a\\npretty woman, a pretty thing, a pretty creature,\\n1 See note on this subject in chapter iv.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 219\\nyou know very well I mean a little woman and\\nwhen I say such a one is a very fine woman, a\\nvery fine person of a woman, to be sure I must\\nmean a tall woman. Not a woman that is be-\\ntween both, is certainly neither the one nor the\\nother. 1\\nThe ingenious expedients of Andrew Millar, to\\nwhich reference has been made, appear to have\\nso far succeeded that a new edition of Amelia\\nwas called for on the day of publication. John-\\nson^ to whom we owe this story, was thoroughly\\ncaptivated with the book. Notwithstanding that\\non another occasion he paradoxically asserted\\nthat the author was* a blockhead **a barren\\nrascal/ he read it through without stopping, and\\npronounced Mrs. Booth to be the most pleas-\\ning heroine of all the romances. Richardson,\\non the other hand, found ^the characters and\\nsituations so wretchedly low and dirty that he\\ncould not get farther than the first volume.\\nWith the professional reviewers, a certain Crit-\\nJ Amelia, Bk. xi. ch. i.\\n2 Hill s BoswelVs Johnson, 1887, iii- 43- Another ad-\\nmirer was Mrs. Elizabeth Carter, who writes (30 March,\\n1751), Methinks I long to engage you on the side of this\\npoor unfortunate book, which I am told the fine folks are\\nunanimous in pronouncing to be very sad stuff. (^Letters,\\n3d ed., 1819, i. 368.)\\nCorrespondence y 1804, iv. 60.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "220 Henry Fielding\\niculus in the Gentleman s excepted, it seems to\\nhave fared but ill and although these adverse\\nverdicts, if they exist, are now more or less in-\\naccessible, Fielding has apparently summarised\\nmost of them in a mock-trial of Amelia before\\nthe Court of Censorial Enquiry, the proceed-\\nings of which are recorded in Nos. 7 and 8 of\\nthe Covent-Garden Journal. The book is in-\\ndicted upon the Statute of Dulness, and the\\nheroine is charged with being a low Character,\\na Milksop, and a Fool; with lack of spirit\\nand fainting too frequently with dressing her\\nchildren, cooking and other servile Offices;\\nwith being too forgiving to her husband and\\nlastly, as may be expected, with the inconsist-\\nency, already amply referred to, of being **a\\nBeauty without a nose. Dr. Harrison and\\nColonel Bath are arraigned much in the same\\nfashion. After some evidence against her has\\nbeen tendered, and a Great Number of Beaus,\\n1 Fielding had already inserted a special announcement\\non this point in No. 3(11 January, 1752): It is currently\\nreported that a famous Surgeon, who absolutely cured one\\nMrs. Amelia Booth, of a violent Hurt in her Nose, inso-\\nmuch, that she had scarce a Scar left on it, intends to bring\\nActions against several ill-meaning and slanderous People,\\nwho have reported that the said Lady had no Nose, merely\\nbecause the Author of her History, in a Hurry, forgot to in-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0248.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 221\\nRakes, fine Ladies, and several formal Persons\\nwith bushy Wigs, and Canes at their Noses,\\nare preparing to supplement it, a grave man steps\\nforv\\\\^ard, and, begging to be heard^ delivers what\\nmust be regarded as Fielding s final apology for\\nhis last novel\\nIf you, Mr. Censor, are yourself a Parent,\\nyou will view me with Compassion when I de-\\nclare I am the Father of this poor Girl the\\nPrisoner at the Bar; nay, when I go further and\\navow, that of all my Off*spring she is my favour-\\nite Child. I can truly say that I bestowed a\\nmore than ordinary Pains in her Education in\\nwhich I will venture to affirm, I followed the\\nRules of all those who are acknowledged to\\nhave writ best on the Subject and if her Con-\\nduct be fairly examined, she will be found to\\ndeviate very little from the strictest Observation\\nof all those Rules; neither Homer nor Virgil\\npursued them with greater Care than myself, and\\nthe candid and learned Reader will see that the\\nlatter was the noble model, which I made use of\\non this Occasion.\\nform his Readers of that Particular, and which, if those\\nReaders had any Nose themselves, except that which is\\nmentioned in the Motto of this Paper, they would have\\nsmelt out. The motto is the passage from Martial in\\nwhich he speaks of the nastis rhinocerotis.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0249.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "222 Henry Fielding\\n*M do not think my Child is entirely free from\\nFaults. I know nothing human that is so but\\nsurely she doth not deserve the Rancour with\\nwhich she hath been treated by the Public.\\nHowever, it is not my Intention, at present, to\\nmake any Defence but shall submit to a Com-\\npromise, which hath been always allowed in this\\nCourt in all Prosecutions for Dulness. I do,\\ntherefore, solemnly declare to you, Mr. Censor,\\nthat I will trouble the World no more with any\\nChildren of mine by the same Muse.\\nWhether sincere or not, this last statement ap-\\npears to have afforded the greatest gratification to\\nRichardson. ^^Will I leave you to Captain\\nBooth? he writes triumphantly to Mrs. Don-\\nnellan, in answer to a question she had put to\\nhim. **Capt. Booth, Madam, has done his own\\nbusiness. Mr. Fielding has over-written him-\\nself, or rather under-wv\\\\X.iQn and in his own\\njournal seems ashamed of his last piece and has\\npromised that the same Muse shall write no more\\nfor him. The piece, in short, is as dead as if it\\nhad been published forty years ago, as to sale.\\nThere is much to the same effect in the little\\nprinter s correspondence but enough has been\\nquoted to show how intolerable to the super-\\n1 Covejit Gaj den Journal, No. 8, 28 January, 1 75 2.\\n2 Correspondence, 1804, iv. 59.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0250.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 223\\nsentimental creator of the high-souled and heroic\\nClarissa was his rivars plainer and more practical\\npicture of matronly virtue and modesty. In cases\\nof this kind, parva seges satis est, and Amelia has\\nlong since outlived both rival malice and contem-\\nporary coldness. It is a proof of her author s\\ngenius, that she is even more intelligible to our\\nage than she w^as to her own.\\nAt the end of the second volume of the first\\nedition of her history was a notice announcing\\nthe immediate appearance of the above-men-\\ntioned Covent-Garden Journal, a bi-weekly\\npaper, in which Fielding, under the style and\\ntitle of Sir Alexander Drawcansir, assumed the\\noffice of Censor of Great Britain. The first\\nnumber of this new venture was issued on Janu-\\nary the 4th, 1752, and the price was threepence.\\nIn plan, and general appearance, it resembled\\nthe Jacobite s Journal, consisting mainly of an\\nintroductory Essay, paragraphs of current news,\\noften accompanied by pointed editorial com-\\nment, miscellaneous articles, and advertisements.\\nOne of the features of the earlier numbers was a\\nburlesque, but not very successful. Journal of the\\npresent Paper War, which speedily involved the\\nauthor in actual hostilities with the notorious\\nquack and adventurer Dr. John Hill, who for\\nsome time had been publishing certain impudent", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0251.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "224 Henry Fielding\\nlucubrations in the London Daily Advertiser under\\nthe heading of The Inspector; and also with\\nSmollett, whom he (Fielding) had obliquely ridi-\\nculed in his second number, perhaps on account\\nof that little paragraph in the first edition of\\nPeregrine Pickle^ to which reference was made\\nin an earlier chapter. Smollett, always irritable\\nand combative, retorted by a needlessly coarse\\nand venomous pamphlet, in which, under the\\nname of Habbakkuk Hilding/ Fielding was\\nattacked with indescribable brutality.^ Another,\\nand seemingly unprovoked, adversary whom the\\nJournal of the War brought upon him was Bon-\\nne! Thornton, afterwards joint-author with\\nGeorge Colman of the Connoisseur, who, in a\\nproduction styled Have at you All; or, The\\nJ The full title of this is A Faithful Narrative of the\\nBase and inhuman Arts That were lately practised up07i the\\nBrain of Habbakkuk Hilding, Justice^ Dealer and Chap-\\nman, Who now lies at his House in Covent Garden, in a\\ndeplorable State of Lunacy a dreadful mojtument of false\\nFriendship and Delusion. By Drawcansir Alexander^\\nFencing Master and Philomath, London: J. Sharp, 1752.\\nAll that Fielding had done to justify this laboured scurril-\\nity, was to make some not very terrible allusions to Roder-\\nick Random and Peregrine Pickle, The false Friend-\\nship referred to in the title-page was that of Fielding for\\nLyttelton, whom Smollett- hated, and who is also attacked\\nin the Narrative,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0252.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 225\\nDrury Lam Journal^ lampooned Sir Alexander\\nwith remarkable rancour and assiduity. Mr.\\nLawrence has treated these quarrels of authors\\nat some length and they also have some record\\nin the curious collections of the elder Disraeli.\\nAs a general rule, Fielding was far less personal\\nand much more scrupulous in his choice of weap-\\nons than those who assailed him but the con-\\nflict was an undignified one, and, as Scott has\\njustly said, neither party would obtain honour\\nby an inquiry into the cause or conduct of its\\nhostilities.\\nIn the enumeration of Fielding s works it is\\nsomewhat difficult (if due proportion be observed)\\nto assign any real importance to efforts like the\\nCovent-Garden Journal. Compared with his nov-\\nels, they are insignificant enough. But even the\\nworst work of such a man is notable in its way\\nand Fielding s contributions to the Journal are\\nby no means to be despised. They are shrewd\\nlay sermons^ often exhibiting much out-of-the-\\nway erudition, and nearly always distinguished\\nby some of his personal qualities. In No. 33,\\non Profanity, there is a character-sketch\\nwhich, for vigour and vitality, is worthy of his\\nbest days and there is also a very thoughtful paper\\non Reading, in No. 10, containing an already\\nmentioned reference to the ingenious Author", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0253.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "226 Henry Fielding\\nof Clarissa, which should have mollified that\\nimplacable moralist. In this essay it is curious\\nto notice that, while Fielding speaks with due\\nadmiration of Shakespeare and Moli^re, Lucian,\\nCervantes, and Swift, he condemns Rabelais\\nand Aristophanes, although in the invocation\\nalready quoted from Tom Jones, he had included\\nboth these authors among the models he admired.^\\nAnother paper in the Covent-Garden Journal is\\nespecially interesting because it affords a clue to\\na project of Fielding s which unfortunately re-\\nmained a project. This was a Translation of the\\nworks of Lucian, to be undertaken in conjunc-\\ntion with his old colleague, the Rev. William\\nYoung. Proposals were advertised, and the en-\\nterprise was duly heralded by puff preliminary,\\nin which Fielding, while abstaining from anything\\ndirectly concerning his own abilities, observes,\\nI will only venture to say, that no Man seems\\nso likely to translate an Author well, as he who\\nhath formed his Stile upon that very Author a\\nsentence which, taken in connection with the ref-\\nerences to Lucian in Tom Thumb the Champion\\nand elsewhere, must be accepted as distinctly\\nautobiographic. The last number of the Covent-\\n1 It is of course possible that this paper, which is initialed\\nC, may be by another hand. But Murphy reprints it as\\nFielding*s.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0254.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 227\\nGarden Journal (No. 72) was issued in November,\\n1752. By this time Sir Alexander seems to have\\nthoroughly wearied of his task. With more\\ngravity than usual he takes leave of letters, beg-\\nging the Public that they will not henceforth\\nfather on him the dulness and scurrility of his\\nworthy contemporaries; since I solemnly de-\\nclare that unless in revising my former Works, I\\nhave at present no Intention to hold any further\\nCorrespondence with the gayer Muses.\\nThe labour of conducting the Covent-Garden\\nJournal must have been the more severe in that,\\nduring the whole period of its existence, the\\neditor was vigorously carrying out his duties as a\\nmagistrate. The prison and political scenes in\\nAmelia, which contemporary critics regarded as\\nredundant, and which even to us are more curious\\nthan essential, testify at once to his growing in-\\nterest in reform, and his keen appreciation of the\\ndefects which existed both in the law itself and\\nin the administration of the law while the nu-\\nmerous cases heard before him, and periodically\\nreported in his paper by his clerk, Mr. Brogden,\\nafford ample evidence of his judicial activity.\\nHow completely he regarded himself (Bathurst\\nand Rigby notwithstanding) as the servant of the\\n1 Covent-Garden Journal^ 25 November, 1752.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0255.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "228 Henry Fielding\\npublic, may be gathered from the following reg-\\nularly repeated notice\\nTo the Public.\\nAll Persons who shall for the Future, suffer\\nby Robbers, Burglars, c., are desired imme-\\ndiately to bring, or send, the best Description\\nthey can of such Robbers, c., with the Time\\nand Place, and Circumstances of the Fact, to\\nHenry Fielding, Esq. at his House in Bow\\nStreet.\\nAnother instance of his energy in his vocation\\nis to be found in the little collection of cases en-\\ntitled Examples of the Interposition of Provi-\\ndence^ in the Detection and Punishment of Murder,\\npublished, with Preface and Introduction, in\\nApril, 1752, and prompted, as advertisement an-\\nnounces, by the many horrid Murders com-\\nmitted within this last Year. It appeared, as a\\nmatter of fact, only a few days after the execu-\\ntion at Oxford, for parricide, of the notorious\\nMiss Mary Blandy, and might be assumed to\\nhave a more or less timely intention but the\\npurity of Fielding s purpose is placed beyond a\\ndoubt by the fact that he freely distributed it in\\ncourt to those whom it seemed calculated to\\nprofit.\\nThe only other works of Fielding which pre-\\ncede the posthumously published Journal of a", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0256.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 229\\nVoyage to Lisbon are the Proposal for Making an\\nEffectual Provision for the Poor, etc., a pamphlet\\ndedicated to the Right Hondle. Henry Pelham,\\npublished in January, 17^3 and the Clear State\\nof the Case of Elizabeth Canning, published in\\nMarch. The former, which the hitherto un-\\nfriendly Gentleman s patronisingly styles an ex-\\ncellent piece, conceived in a manner which\\ngives a high idea of his [the author s] present\\ntemper, manners and ability, is an elaborate\\nproject for the erection, inter alia, of a vast build-\\ning, at Acton Wells, of which a plan, drawn by\\nan Eminent Hand, was given, to be called the\\nCounty-house, capable of containing 5,000 in-\\nmates, and including work-rooms, prisons, an in-\\nfirmary, and other features, the details of which\\nare too minute to be repeated in these pages,\\neven if they had received any attention from the\\nLegislature, which they did not. The latter was\\nFielding s contribution to the extraordinary\\njudicial puzzle, which agitated London in 1753-4.\\nIt is needless to do more than recall its outline.\\nOn Monday the 29th of January, 1753, one\\nElizabeth Canning, a domestic servant aged\\neighteen or thereabouts, who had hitherto borne\\nan excellent character, returned to her mother,\\nhaving been missing from the house of her mas-\\nter, a carpenter in Aldermanbury, since the ist", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0257.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "230 Henry Fielding\\nof the same month. She was half starved and\\nhalf clad, and alleged that she had been abducted,\\nand confined in a house on the Hertford Road,\\nfrom which she had just escaped. This house\\nshe afterwards identified as that of one Susan-\\nnah or Mother Wells, a person of very indifferent\\nreputation. An ill-favoured old gipsy woman\\nnamed Mary Squires w^as also declared by her to\\nhave been the main agent in ill-using and detain-\\ning her. The gipsy, it is true, averred that at\\nthe time of the occurrence she was a hundred and\\ntwenty miles away in Dorsetshire but Canning\\npersisted in her statement. Among other people\\nbefore whom she came was Fielding, who ex-\\namined her, as well as a young woman called\\nVirtue Hall, Vvmo appeared subsequently as one\\nof Canning s witnesses. Fielding seems to have\\nbeen strongly impressed by her appearance and\\nher story, and his pamphlet (which was contra-\\ndicted in every particular by his adversary, John\\nHill) gives a curious and not very edifying picture\\nof the m.agisterial procedure of the period. In\\nFebruary, Wells and Squires were tried Squires\\nwas sentenced to death, and V/ells to imprison-\\nment and burning in the hand. Then, by the ex-\\nertions of the Lord Mayor, Sir Crisp Gascoyne,\\nwho doubted the justice of the verdict. Squires\\nwas respited and pardoned. Forthwith London", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0258.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 231\\nwas split up into Egyptian and Canningite fac-\\ntions a hailstorm of pamphlets set in, one of the\\nbest of which was by Allan Ramsay the painter\\nportraits and caricatures of the principal person-\\nages were in all the print shops and, to use\\nChurchill s words in The Ghost,\\n^alty Canning was at least.\\nWith Gascoyfte s help, a six months feast\\nIn April, 1754, however. Fate so far prevailed\\nagainst her that she herself, in turn, was tried at\\nthe Old Bailey for perjury. Thirty-eight wit-\\nnesses swore that Squires had been in Dorsetshire\\ntwenty-seven that she had been seen in Middle-\\nsex. After some hesitation, quite of a piece with\\nthe rest of the proceedings, the jury found Can-\\nning guilty and she was transported for seven\\nyears. At the end of her sentence she returned\\nto England to receive a legacy of 00, which\\nhad been left to her three years before by an\\nenthusiastic old lady of Newington-green.* Her\\nShe did not, however, mislead every one, for clever Lady\\nHervey regarded her account of her adventures as one of\\nthe silliest, worst-formed, improbable stories I ever met\\n{Letters of Mary Lepelj Lady Hervey, 1S21, p. 202.)\\n\u00c2\u00bbSo says the Annual Register ior 1761, p. 179. But ac-\\ncording to later accounts {Gent, Mag, xJiii. 413), she never\\nreturned, dying in July, 1773, at Weathers field in Connecti-\\ncut.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0259.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "232 Henry Fielding\\n**case is full of the most inexplicable contra-\\ndictions and it occupies in the State Trials some\\nfour hundred and twenty closely-printed pages of\\nthe most curious and picturesque eighteenth-cen-\\ntury details. But how, from the ist of January,\\n17)3, to 29th of the same month, Elizabeth\\nCanning really did manage to spend her time is a\\nsecret that^ to this day, remains unrevealed.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0260.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "CHAPTER VII\\nThe beginning of the end poor law projects Journal of\\na Voyage to Lisbo7i scheme for the prevention of rob-\\nberies, etc; failing health; magisterial duties; sets out\\nfor Lisbon, 26 June, 1754; incidents of journey; a\\nriding surveyor letter to John Fielding Captain\\nRichard Veal and others reaches Lisbon, 14 August\\ndies there, 8 October his tomb and epitaph his por-\\ntrait his character his work.\\nIn March, 1753, when Fielding published his\\npamphlet on Elizabeth Canning, his life was\\nplainly drawing to a close. His energies indeed\\nwere unabated, as may be gathered from a brief\\nrecord in the Gentleman s for that month, describ-\\ning his judicial raid, at four in the morning, upon a\\ngaming-room, where he suspected certain high-\\nwaymen to be assembled. But his body was en-\\nfeebled by disease, and he knew he could not\\nlook for length of days. He had lived not long,\\nbut much he had seen in little space, as the\\nmotto to Tom Jones announced, the manners\\nof many men and now that, prematurely, the\\ninevitable hour approached, he called Cicero and\\nHorace to his aid, and prepared to meet his fate\\nwith philosophic fortitude. Between", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0261.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "234 Henry Fielding\\nQuern fcrs dieru7?i cunque dabit^ lucro\\nAppone;\\nand\\nGrata stiperveniet, quce non sperabitur^ hora^\\nhe tells us in his too-little-consulted Proposals for\\nthe Poor, he had schooled himself to regard\\nevents with equanimity, striving above all, in\\nwhat remained to him of life, to perform the\\nduties of his office efficiently, and solicitous only\\nfor those he must leave behind him. Hencefor-\\nward his literary efforts should be mainly philan-\\nthropic and practical, not without the hope that,\\nif successful^ they might be the means of securing\\nsome provision for his family. Of fiction he had\\ntaken formal leave in the trial of Amelia; and of\\nlighter writing generally in the last paper of the\\nCovent-Garden Journal. But, if we may trust\\nhis Introduction, the amount of work he had\\ndone for his poor-law project must have been\\nenormous, for he had read and considered all the\\nlaws upon the subject, as well as everything that\\nhad been written on it since the days of Eliza-\\nbeth, yet he speaks nevertheless as one over\\nwhose head the sword had all the while been im-\\npending\\n**The Attempt, indeed, is such, that the Want\\nof Success can scarce be called a Disappointment,\\ntho I shall have lost much Time^ and misem-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0262.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 235\\nployed much Pains and what is above all, shall\\nmiss the Pleasure of thinking that in the Decline\\nof my Health and Life, I have conferred a great\\nand lasting Benefit on my Country.\\nIn words still more resigned and dignified, he\\nconcludes the book His enemies, he says, will\\nno doubt,\\nDiscover, that instead of intending a Pro-\\nvision for the Poor, I have been carving out one\\nfor myself,^ and have very cunningly projected to\\nbuild myself a fine House at the Expence of the\\nPublic. This would be to act in direct Opposi-\\ntion to the Advice of my above Master [f.e.,\\nHorace] it would be indeed\\nStruere domos immemor sepidchru\\nThose who do not know me, may believe this\\nbut those who do, will hardly be so deceived by\\nthat Chearfulness which was always natural to\\nme and which, I thank God, my Conscience\\ndoth not reprove m.e, for, to imagine that I am\\nnot sensible of my declining Constitution.\\nAmbition or Avarice can no longrer raise a Hooe,\\nor dictate any Scheme to me, who have no fur-\\nther Design than to pass my short Remainder of\\nLife in some Degree of Ease, and barely to pre-\\n1 Presumably as Governor of the proposed County-house.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0263.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "236 Henry Fielding\\nserve my Family from being the Objects of any\\nsuch Laws as I have here proposed/\\nWith the exception of the above, and kindred\\npassages quoted from the Prefaces to the Mis-\\ncellanies and the Plays, the preceding pages, as\\nthe reader has no doubt observed, contain little\\nof a purely autobiographical character. More-\\nover, the anecdotes related of Fielding by\\nMurphy and others have not always been of such\\na nature as to inspire implicit confidence in their\\naccuracy, while of the very few letters that have\\nbeen referred to, none has any of those intimate\\nand familiar touches which reveal the individual-\\nity of the writer. But from the middle of 1753\\nup to a short time before his death, Fielding has\\nhimself related the story of his life, in one of the\\nmost unfeigned and touching little tracts in our\\nown or any other literature. The only thing\\nwhich, at the moment, suggests itself for com-\\nparison with the Journal of a Voyage to Lisbon is\\nthe prologue and dedication which Fielding s\\npredecessor, Cervantes, prefixes to his last\\nromance of Persiles and Si^ismunda, In each\\ncase the words are animated by the same uncom-\\nplaining kindliness the same gallant and in-\\ndomitable spirit in each case the writer is a\\ndying man. Cervantes survived the date of his\\nletter to the Conde de Lemos but four days and", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0264.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 237\\nthe Journal says Fielding s editor (probably his\\nbrother John), was finished almost at the same\\nperiod with life.* It was written, from its\\nauthor s account, in those moments of the voyage\\nwhen, his womankind being sea-sick, and the\\ncrew wholly absorbed in working the ship, he\\nwas thrown on his own resources, and compelled\\nto employ his pen to while away the time. The\\nPreface, and perhaps the Introduction, were\\nadded after his arrival at Lisbon, in the brief\\nperiod before his death. The former is a semi-\\nhumorous apology for voyage-writing the latter\\ngives an account of the circumstances which led\\nto this, his last expedition in search of health.\\nAt the beginning of August, 1753, Fielding\\ntells us, having taken the Duke of Portland s\\nmedicine^ for near a year, the effects of which\\nhad been the carrying oif the symptoms of a lin-\\ngering imperfect gout, Mr. Ranby, the King s\\nSergeant-Surgeon (to whom complimentary ref-\\nerence had been made in the Man of the Hill s\\nstory) with other able physicians, advised him\\nto go immediately to Bath. He accordingly\\nengaged lodgings, and prepared to leave town\\n1 A popular eighteenth-century gout-powder, but as old as\\nGalen. The receipt for it is given in the Gentle7iia7i s Mag-\\nazine, vol. xxii., 579.\\n2 Tom Jones y Bk. viii., ch. 13.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0265.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "23.8 Henry Fielding\\nforthwith. While he was making ready for his\\ndeparture, and was almost fatigued to death\\nwith several long examinations, relating to five\\ndifferent murders, all committed within the space\\nof a week, by different gangs of street robbers,\\nhe received a message from the Duke of New-\\ncastle, afterwards Premier, through that Mr.\\nCarrington whom Walpole calls **the cleverest\\nof all ministerial terriers, requesting his attend-\\nance in Lincoln s-Inn Fields (Newcastle House).\\nBeing lame, and greatly overtaxed. Fielding ex-\\ncused himself. But the Duke sent Mr. Carring-\\nton again next day, and Fielding with great dif-\\nficulty obeyed the summons. After waiting some\\nthree hours in the antechamber (no unusual fea-\\nture, as Lord Chesterfield informs us, of the New-\\ncastle audiences), a gentleman was deputed to\\nconsult him as to the devising of a plan for putting\\nan immediate end to the murders and robberies\\nwhich had become so common. This, although\\nthe visit cost him *a severe cold, Fielding at\\nonce undertook. A proposal was speedily drawn\\nout and submitted to the Privy Council. Its es-\\nsential features were the employment of a known\\ninformer, and the provision of funds for that pur-\\npose.\\nBy the time this scheme was finally approved,\\nFielding s disorder had turned to a deep jaun-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0266.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 239\\ndice, in which case the Bath waters were gen-\\nerally regarded as almost infallible. But his\\neager desire to break up this gang of villains\\nand cut-throats delayed him in London and a\\nday or two alter he had received a portion of the\\nstipulated grant, (which portion, it seems, took\\nseveral weeks in arriving), the whole body were\\nentirely dispersed, seven of thera were in\\nactual custody, and the rest driven, some out of\\ntown, and others out of the kingdom. In ex-\\namining them, however, and in taking deposi-\\ntions, which often occupied whole days and some-\\ntimes nights, although he had the satisfaction of\\nknowing that during the dark months of Novem-\\nber and December the metropolis enjoyed com-\\nplete immunity from murder and robbery,-^ his\\nown health was reduced to the last extremity/\\nMine (he says) was now no longer what is\\ncalled a Bath case, nor, if it had been, could his\\nstrength have sustained the intolerable fatigue\\nof the journey thither. He accordingly gave up\\nhis Bath lodgings, which he had hitherto retained,\\nand went into the country in a very weak and de-\\n1 This is confirmed by a paragraph in the Public Advertiser\\nfor I January, 1754, A Gentleman at Genoa writes, that\\nthe Letters from Corsica are as full of Housebreakings,\\nRobberies and Murders, as a London Newspaper before Mr,\\nF, *s Plan was carried into Execution,^^", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0267.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "240 Henry Fielding\\nplorable condition. He was suffering from\\njaundice, dropsy, and asthma, under which com-\\nbination of diseases his body was so entirely\\nemaciated, that it had lost all its muscular flesh.\\nHe had begun with reason *^to look on his case\\nas desperate, and might fairly have regarded\\nhimself as voluntarily sacrificed to the good of the\\npublic. But he is far too honest to assign his ac-\\ntion to philanthropy alone. His chief object (he\\nowns) had been, if possible, to secure some pro-\\nvision for his family in the event of his death.\\nNot being a trading justice, that is, a justice\\nwho took bribes from suitors, like Justice Thrasher\\nin Amelia, or Justice Squeez um in the Coffee\\nHouse Politician, his post at Bow Street had\\nscarcely been a lucrative one. By composing,\\ninstead of inflaming, the quarrels of porters and\\nbeggars (which I blush when I say hath not been\\nuniversally practised) and by refusing to take a\\nshilling from a man who most undoubtedly would\\nnot have had another left, I had reduced an in-\\ncome of about 500/ a year of the dirtiest money\\nupon earth to little more than 300/, a considera-\\nble proportion of which remained with my clerk.\\nBesides the residue of his justice s fees, he had\\nalso, he informs us, a yearly pension from the\\nGovernment, out of the public service-money,\\njournal of a Voyage to Lisbott^ ^755 PP- 23-4.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0268.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 241\\nbut the amount is not stated. The rest of his\\nmeans, ais far as can be asc^: ere de-\\nriTed from his literary labours r* his\\nlavish (fisposition, and with tt e .!ly\\nupon him, tins could scarcel\\npetence and if, as appears e:\\na note in the /ouniiit he no^v :z::r\\nto his half-brother, who had I: -s as\u00c2\u00bbst-\\nant, his private affairs at the be. e .in-\\nter of I75J-54 most, as he sa; s t ?i\\ngloomy aspect. In the eve\\nwife and children could have\\nsome acknowledgment by the GoTenumeait 01 ms\\npast services.\\nMeanwhile his fiseases Te e gaining\\nground. The terrible wir.:e- _ :di,\\nfirom the weather record in\\nwith small intermis^ony\\nfor into April, was espec\\npatients, and consequen:\\nIn February he returned\\nunder the care of the notorious Eh*. Joshua Ward\\nof P^ Mall, by whom he was treated and tapped\\nfor dropsy.^ He was at his worst, he says, on\\niWaid appeals in Hogntii CKtstdtaHgmmfFfynaams,\\n1756; in Fdpe\u00e2\u0080\u0094^ Ward tiy d on Plqipies^ and file Foot, bis\\nDrapL And rren in 7m\u00c2\u00bb 5 \u00c2\u00bber, wlieie Fielding likens\\nInlEicst to War^s Fill [whidi] ffies at once to die poitic-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0269.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "242 Henry Fielding\\nthat memorable day when the public lost Mr.\\nPelham (March 6th) but from this time, he\\nbegan, under Ward s medicines, to acquire some\\nlittle degree of strength, although his dropsy in-\\ncreased. With May came the long-delayed\\nspring, and he moved to Fordhook,^ a little\\nhouse belonging to him at Ealing, the air of\\nwhich place then enjoyed a considerable reputa-\\ntion, being reckoned the best in Middlesex,\\nand far superior to that of Kensington Gravel-\\nPits/ Here a re-perusal of Bishop Berkeley s\\nSiris^ which had been recalled to his memory by\\nMrs. Charlotte Lenox, the inimitable and shame-\\nfully distressed author of the Female Quixote^ set\\nhim drinking tar-water with apparent good effect,\\nexcept as far as his chief ailment was concerned.\\nThe applications of the trocar became more\\nfrequent the summer, if summer it could be\\ncalled, was ^mouldering away; and winter,\\nular Part of the Body on v/hich you desire to operate. (Bk.\\nviii., cri. 9.) He was a quack, but must have possessed\\nconsiderable ability. Bolingbroke wished Pope to consult\\nhim in 1744; and he attended George II. There is an ac-\\ncount of him in Nichols s Genuine Works of Hogar thy i. 89^\\n1 It lay on the Uxbridge Road, a little beyond Acton, and\\nnearly opposite the present Ealing Common Station of the\\nMetropolitan District Railway. The site is now occupied\\nby a larger house bearing the same name.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0270.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 243\\nwith all its danger to an invalid, was drawing on\\napace. Nothing seemed hopeful but removal to\\na warmer climate. Aix in Provence was at first\\nthought of, but the idea was abandoned on ac-\\ncount of the diflSculties of the journey. Lisbon,\\nwhere Doddridge had died three years before,\\nwas then chosen a passage in a vessel trading to\\nthe port was engaged for the sick man, his wife,\\ndaughter, and two servants ^and after some de-\\nlays they started.^ At this point the actual JoiiT\\nnal begins with a well remembered entry\\nThese were a footman and a lady s maid. The foot-\\nman s Christian name is given in the Journal as ^Yilliam\\nthe maid was probably the Isabella Ash who was one of\\nthe witnesses to Fielding s Will (Appendix No. III.).\\nMrs. Fielding was also accompanied by a young lady\\n{Jaurnalf etc., 1755, p. 69). This was Miss Margaret Col-\\nlier, one of the daughters of Arthur Collier, the metaphysi-\\ncian. She was a witness to Fielding s Will (Appendix No.\\nIII.). In a letter to Richardson {Correspondence^ 1804, ii.\\n77), she complains of having been reported to be the au-\\nthor of Mr. Fielding s last work. The Voyage to Lisbon,\\nbecause it was so very bad a performance, and fell so far\\nshort of his other works, it must needs be the person with\\nhim who wrote it. But this is nothing to the language of\\nanother of Richardson s admirers, Mr. Thomas Edwards,\\nauthor of The Canons of Criticisfn I have lately read\\nover with much indignation Fielding s last piece, called his\\nVoyage to Lisbon. That a man who had led such a life as\\nhe had, should trifle in that manner when immediate death", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0271.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "244 Henry Fielding\\n^Wednesday, June 26, 1754. On this day,\\nthe most melancholy sun I had ever beheld arose,\\nand found me awake at my house at Fordhook.\\nBy the light of this sun, I was, in my own opin-\\nion, last to behold and take leave of some of\\nthose creatures on whom I doated with a mother-\\nlike fondness, guided by nature and passion^ and\\nuncured and unhardened by all the doctrine of\\nthat philosophical school where I had learnt to\\nbear pains and to despise death.\\nIn this situation, as I could not conquer na-\\nture, I submitted entirely to her, and she made as\\ngreat a fool of me as she had ever done of any\\nwoman whatsoever under pretence of giving me\\nleave to enjoy, she drew me to suffer the com-\\npany of my little ones, during eight hours and I\\ndoubt not w^hether, in that time, I did not un-\\ndergo more than in all my distemper.\\nAt tv/elve precisely my coach was at the\\ndoor, which was no sooner told me than I kiss d\\nmy children round, and went into it with some\\nlittle resolution. My wife, who behaved more\\nwas before his eyes, is amazing. From this book I am con-\\nfirmed in what his other works had fully persuaded me of,\\nthat with all his parade of pretences to virtuous and humane\\naffections, the fellow had no heart. And so his knell is\\nknolled (Idzd, iii. 125). This of the book which, Haz-\\nlett tells us, was the favourite of Charles Lamb", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0272.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 245\\nlike a heroine and philosopher, tho at the same\\ntime the tenderest mother in the world, and my\\neldest daughter^ followed me some friends went\\nwith us, and others here took their leave and I\\nheard my behaviour applauded, with many mur-\\nmurs and praises to which I well knew I had no\\ntitle as all other such philosophers may, if\\nthey have any modesty, confess on the like oc-\\ncasions.\\nTwo hours later the party reached Redriffe or\\nRotherhithe. Here, with the kind assistance of\\nhis and Hogarth s friend, Mr. Saunders Welch,\\nHigh Constable of Holborn, the sick man, who,\\nat this time, had no use of his limbs, was\\ncarried to a boat, and hoisted in a chair over the\\nship s side. This latter journey, far more fatigu-\\ning to the sufferer than the twelve miles ride\\nwhich he had previously undergone, was not ren-\\ndered more easy to bear by the jests of the water-\\nmen and sailors, to whom his ghastly, death-\\nstricken countenance seemed matter for merri-\\nment and he v/as greatly rejoiced to find himself\\nsafely seated in the cabin. The voyage, however,\\nalready more than once deferred, was not yet to\\nbegin. Wednesday, being King s Proclamation\\nDay, the vessel could not be cleared at the\\nCustom House and on Thursday the skipper\\n1 Journal, etc., 1755, pp. 39-40.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0273.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "246 Henry Fielding\\nannounced that he should not set out until Satur-\\nday. As Fielding s complaint was again becom-\\ning troublesome, and no surgeon was available on\\nboard, he sent for his old friend, the famous anat-\\nomist, William Hunter, of Covent Garden, by\\nwhom he was tapped, to his own relief, and the\\nadmiration of the simple sea-captain, who (he\\nwrites) was greatly impressed by *^the heroic\\nconstancy, with which I had borne an operation\\nthat is attended with scarce any degree of pain.\\nOn Sunday the vessel dropped down to Graves-\\nend, where, on the next day, Mr. Welch, who\\nuntil then had attended them, took his leave\\nand. Fielding, relieved by the trocar of any im-\\nmediate apprehensions of discomfort, might, in\\nspite of his forlorn case, have been fairly at ease.\\nHe had a new concern, however, in the state of\\nMrs. Fielding, who was in agony with toothache,\\nwhich successive operators failed to relieve and\\nthere is an unconsciously touching little picture\\nof the sick man and his skipper, who was deaf, sit-\\nting silently over a small bowl of punch in the\\nnarrow cabin, for fear of waking the pain-worn\\nsleeper in the adjoining state-room. Of his sec-\\nond wife, as may be gathered from the opening\\nwords of the Journal Fielding always speaks\\nwith the warmest affection and gratitude. Else-\\nwhere, recording a storm off the Isle of Wight,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0274.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 247\\nhe says, My dear wife and child must pardon\\nme, if what I z\\\\i not conceive to be any great\\nevil to mysr f. I as not much terrified with the\\nthoughts of ening to them: in truth, I have\\noften thought they are both too good, and too\\ngentle, to be trusted to the power of any man I\\nknow, to whom they could possibly be so trusted.^\\nWith what a tenacity of courtesy he treated the\\nwhilom Mary Daniel may be gathered from the\\nfollowing vignette of insolence in office, which can\\nbe taken as a set-off to the malicious tattle of\\nWalpole\\nSoon after their departnre [i. tbat of Mr. Welch and\\nMiss Collier s sister Jane\u00c2\u00ab who had come to see her ofif], our\\ncabin, where my wife and I were sitting together, was\\nvisited bj two ruffians, whose appearance greatly corre-\\nsponded with that of the sheriff s, or rather the knight-\\nmarshal s bafli One of these, especially, who seemed to\\naffect a more than ordinary degree of rudeness and in-\\nsolence, came in without any kind of ceremony, with a\\nbroad gold lace upon his hat, which was cocked with\\nmuch military fierceness on his head. An inkhom at\\nhis button-hole, and some papers in his hand, sufficiently\\nassured me what he was, and I asked him if he and his\\n1 Journal^ etc, 1755, p. 149.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Readers of Boswell will recall how, at the sale of\\nThrale s brewery, Johnson bustled about, with an ink-horn\\nand pen in his button-hole, like an excise man (Hill s\\nBosweWs Johnson^ 1887, iy. 87).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0275.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "248 Henry Fielding\\ncompanions were not custom-house officers; he answered\\nwith sufficient dignity, that they were, as an information\\nwhich he seemed to consider would strike the hearer with\\nawe, and suppress all further inquiry but on the contrary\\nI proceeded to ask of what rank he was in the Custom-\\nhouse, and receiving an answer from his companion, as I\\nremember, that the gentleman was a riding surveyor I re-\\nplied that he might be a riding surveyor, but he could be\\nno gentleman, for that none who had any title to that de-\\nnomination, would break into the presence of a lady, with-\\nout any apology, or even moving his hat. He then took\\nhis covering from his head, and laid it on the table, saying,\\nhe asked pardon, and blamed the mate, who should, he\\nsaid, have informed him if any persons of distinction were\\nbelow. I told him he might guess from our appearance\\n(which, perhaps, was rather more than could be said with\\nthe strictest adherence to truth) that he was before a gentle-\\nman and lady, which should teach him to be very civil in\\nhis behaviour, tho* we should not happen to be of the num-\\nber whom the world calls people of fashion and distinction.\\nHowever, I said, that as he seemed sensible of his error,\\nand had asked pardon, the lady would permit him to put\\nhis hat on again, if he chose it. This he refused with some\\ndegree of surliness, and failed not to convince me that, if I\\nshould condescend to become more gentle, he would soon\\ngrow more rude.\\nThe date of this occurrence was Monday, July\\nthe 1st. At six, on the evening of the same day\\nthey weighed anchor and managed to reach the\\nNore. For more than a week they were wind-\\n1 Journal f etc., 1755, PP* 69-7 1.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0276.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 249\\nbound in the Downs, but on the nth they an-\\nchored off Ryde, from which place, on the next\\nmorning, Fielding despatched the following\\nletter to his brother. Besides giving the names\\nof the captain and the ship, which are carefully\\nsuppressed in the Journal, it is especially interest-\\ning as being the last letter written by Fielding of\\nwhich we have any knowledge\\nOn board the Queen of Portugal, Riclid Veal at\\nanchor on the Mother Bank, off Ryde, to the\\nCare of the Post Master of Portsmouth\u00e2\u0080\u0094 this is\\nmy Date and yr Direction.\\nJuly 12, 1754.\\nDear Jack, After receiving that agreeable Lre from\\nMessrs. Fielding and Co., we weighed on monday morning\\nand sailed from Deal to the Westward Four Days long but\\ninconceivably pleasant Passage brought us yesterday to an\\nAnchor on the Mother Bank, on the Back of the Isle of\\nWight, where we had last Night in Safety the Pleasure of\\nhearing the Winds roar over our Heads in as violent a Tem-\\npest as I have known, and where my only Consideration\\nwere the Fears which must possess any Friend of ours, (if\\nthere is happily any such) who really makes our Wellbeing\\nthe Object of his Concern especially if such Friend should be\\ntotally inexperienced in Sea Affairs. I therefore beg that on\\nthe Day you receive this Mrs Daniel may know that we are\\nlit will be remembered (see Ch. iv.) that the maiden-\\nname of Fielding s second wife, as given in the Register of\\nSt. Bene t s, was Mary Daniel. Mrs. Daniel was there-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0277.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "250 Henry Fielding\\njust risen from Breakfast in Health and Spirits this twelfth\\nInstant at 9 in the morning. Our Voyage hath proved fruit-\\nful in Adventures all which being to be written in the Book,\\nyou must postpone yr Curiosity As the Incidents which\\nfall under yr Cognizance will possibly be consigned to Ob-\\nlivion, do give them to us as they pass. Tell yr Neighbour\\nI am much obliged to him for recommending me to the Care\\nof a most able and experienced Seaman to whom other\\nCaptains seem to pay such Deference that they attend and\\nwatch his Motions, and think themselves only safe when\\nthey act under his Direction and Example. Our Ship in\\nTruth seems to give Laws on the Water with as much\\nAuthority and Superiority as you Dispense Laws to the\\nPublic and Examples to yr Brethren in Commission. Please\\nto direct yr Answer to me on Board as in the Date, if gone\\nto be returned, and then send it by the Post and Pacquet to\\nLisbon to\\nYr affect Brother\\nH. Fielding\\nTo John Fielding Esq. at his House in\\nBow Street Covt Garden London.\\nAs the Queen of Portugal did not leave Ryde\\nuntil the 23d, it is possible that Fielding received\\na reply. During the remainder of this desultory\\nvoyage he continued to beguile his solitary hours\\nhours of which we are left to imagine the\\nphysical torture and monotony, for he says but\\nlittle of himself by jottings and notes of the,\\nfore, in all probability, Fielding s mother-in-law; and it\\nmay reasonably be assumed that she had remained in\\ncharge of the little family at Fordhook.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0278.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 251\\nfor the most part, trivial accidents of his prog-\\nress. That happy cheerfulness, of which he\\nspoke in the Proposal for the Poor, had not yet\\ndeserted him and there are moments when he\\nseems rather on a pleasure-trip than a forlorn\\npilgrimage in search of health. At Ryde, where,\\nfor change of air, he went ashore, he chronicles,\\nafter many discomforts from the most disobliging\\nof landladies (let the name of Mrs. Francis go\\ndown to posterity I), the best, the pleasantest,\\nand the merriest meal, [in a barn] with more\\nappetite, more real, solid luxury, and more fes-\\ntivity, than was ever seen in an entertainment at\\nWhites. At Torbay, he expatiates upon the\\nmerits and flavour of the John Dory, dear to\\nCharles Lamb and Quin, a specimen of which\\ngloriously regaled the party, and furnished\\nhim with a pretext for a dissertation on the Lon-\\ndon Fish Supply. Another page he devotes to\\ncommendation of the excellent Rom Vinum\\nPomonce, or Southam cyder, supplied by Mr.\\nGiles Leverance of Cheeshurst, near Dart-\\nmouth in Devon, of which, for the sum of five\\npounds ten shillings, he extravagantly purchased\\nthree hogsheads, one for himself, and the others\\nas presents for his friends, among whom no doubt\\nwas kindly Mr. Welch. Here and there he\\n^Journal, etc., 1755, p. lOO.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0279.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "252 Henry Fielding\\nsketches, with but little abatement of his earlier\\ngaiety and vigour, the human nature around him.\\nOf -the objectionable Ryde landlady and her hus-\\nband there are portraits not much inferior to those\\nof the Tow-wouses in Joseph Andrews, while\\nthe military fop, who visits his uncle the captain\\noff Spithead, is drawn with all the insight which\\ndepicted the vagaries of Ensign Northerton,\\nwhom indeed the real hero of the Journal not a\\nlittle resembles. The best character sketch,\\nhowever, in the whole is that of Captain Rich-\\nard Veal himself (one almost feels inclined to\\nwonder whether he was in any way related to the\\nworthy lady whose apparition visited Mrs. Bar-\\ngrave at Canterbury!), but it is of necessity\\nsomewhat dispersed.^ It has also an additional\\nattraction, because if we remember rightly it\\nis Fielding s sole excursion into the domain of\\nSmollett. The rough old sea-dog of the Had-\\ndock and Vernon period, who had been a priva-\\nteer; and who still, as skipper of a merchant-\\nman, when he visits a friend or gallants the\\nladies^ decorates himself with a scarlet coat,\\ncockade, and sword who gives vent to a kind\\nof Irish howl when his favourite kitten is suffo-\\njy^2/r;2 2/, etc., 1755, pp. I10-16, and 142-6. Passages\\nrelating to some of these personages are given in Appendix\\nNo. IV.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0280.jp2"}, "281": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 253\\ncated under a feather bed and falls abjectly on\\nhis knees when threatened with the dreadful\\nname of Law, is a character which, in its surly\\ngood-humour and sensitive dignity, might easily,\\nunder more favourable circumstances, have grown\\ninto an individuality, if not equal to that of\\nSquire Western, at least on a level with Par-\\ntridge or Colonel Bath. There are numbers of\\nminute touches as, for example, his mistaking\\na lion for Elias when he reads prayers to\\nthe ship s company and his quaint asseverations\\nwhen exercised by the incoastancy of the wind\\nwhich show how closely Fielding studied his\\ndeaf companion. But it would occupy too large\\na space to examine the Journal more in detail.\\nIt is sufficient to say that after some further de-\\nlays from wind and tide, the travellers sailed up\\nthe Tagus. Here, having undergone the usual\\nquarantine and custom-house obstruction, they\\nlanded, and Fielding s penultimate words record\\na good supper at Lisbon, for which we were as\\nwell charged, as if the bill had been miade on the\\nBath road, between Newbury and London.\\nThe book ends with a line from the poet whom,\\nin the Proposal for the Poor, he had called his\\nmaster:\\nAzc Finis chartceque viceque.^^\\nTwo months afterwards he died at Lisbon, on", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0281.jp2"}, "282": {"fulltext": "254 Henry Fielding\\nthe 8th of October, in the forty-eighth year of\\nhis age.^\\nHe was buried on the hillside in the centre of\\nthe beautiful English cemetery, which faces the\\ngreat Basilica of the Heart of Jesus, otherwise\\nknown as the Church of the Estrella. Here, in\\na leafy spot where the nightingales fill the still air\\nwith song, and watched by those secular cypresses\\nfrom which the place takes its Portuguese name\\nof Os CypresteSy lies all that was mortal of him\\nwhom Scott called the Father of the English\\nNovel. His first tomb, which Sir Nathaniel\\nWraxall found in 1772, nearly concealed by\\nweeds and nettles, was erected by the English\\nfactory, in consequence mainly as it seems of\\na proposal made by an enthusiastic Chevalier de\\nMeyrionnet, to provide one (with an epitaph) at\\nhis own expense. That now existing was sub-\\nstituted in 1830^ by the exertions of the Rev.\\nChristopher Neville, British Chaplain at Lisbon.\\nIt is a heavy sarcophagus, resting upon a large\\nbase, and surmounted by just such another urn\\nand flame as that on Hogarth s tomb at Chis-\\nwick. On the front is a long Latin inscription\\non the south face, under Fielding, the better-\\nknown words\\niSee Appendix No. III.: Fielding s Will.\\n2 Memoirs, 2d ed., 1836, i.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0282.jp2"}, "283": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 255\\nLuGET Britannia Gremio non dart\\nFOVERE NATUM.l\\nIt is to this last memorial that George Borrow\\nreferred in hi BibU in Spain\\nLet travellers devote one entire morning to\\ninspecting the Arcos and the Mai das agoas,\\nafter which they may repair to the English\\nchurch and cemetery, Pere-la-chaise in miniature,\\nwhere, if they be of England, they may well be\\nexcused if they kiss the cold tomb, as I did, of\\nthe author of Amelia, the most singular genius\\nwhich their island ever produced, whose works\\nit has long been the fashion to abuse in public\\nand to read in secret.\\nSorrow s book was first published in 1843.\\nOf late years the tomb had been somev/hat neg-\\nlected but from a communication in the Ath-\\nenceuni of May, 1879, it appears that it had then\\nbeen recently cleaned, and the inscriptions re-\\nstored, by order of the chaplain of that day, the\\nRev. Godfrey Pope.\\nThere is but one authentic portrait of Henry\\nFielding. This is the pen-and-ink sketch drawn\\nfrom memory by Hogarth, long after Fielding s\\n1 The fifth word is generally given as datum. But the\\nabove version, which has been verified at Lisbon, may be\\naccepted as correct.\\nBible in Spain 1843, i-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0283.jp2"}, "284": {"fulltext": "25 6 Henry Fielding\\ndeath, to serve as a frontispiece for Murphy s\\nedition of his works. It was engraved \\\\r\\\\ facsimile\\nby James Basire, with such success that the\\nartist is said to have mistaken an impression of\\nthe plate (without its emblematic border) for his\\nown drawing. Hogarth s sketch is the sole\\nsource of all the portraits, more or less ro-\\nmanced, which are prefixed to editions of Field-\\ning and also, there is some reason to suspect, of\\nthe dubious little miniature, still in possession of\\nhis descendants, which figures in Hutchins s His-\\ntory of Dorset and elsewhere. More than one\\naccount has been given of the way in which the\\ndrawing was produced. The most effective, and,\\nunfortunately, the most popular, version has, of\\ncourse, been selected by Murphy. In this he\\ntells us that Hogarth, being unable to recall his\\ndead friend s features, had recourse to a profile\\ncut in paper by a lady, who possessed the happy\\ntalent which Pope ascribes to Lady Burlington.^\\nSetting aside the fact that^ as Hogarth s eye-\\nmemory was marvellous, this story is highly im-\\nprobable, it was expressly contradicted by George\\n1 Works, 1762, i. 48. Nichols [Genuine Works of\\nHogartk/ui. (1817,) 350,) gives the name of this lady, who,\\nit appears, was the Margaret Collier already mentioned as\\none of the party on the Queen of Portugal.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0284.jp2"}, "285": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 257\\nSteevens in 1781,^ and by John Ireland in 1798,^\\nboth of whom, from their relations with Hogarth s\\nfamily, were likely to be credibly informed.\\nSteevens, after referring to Murphy s fable, says,\\nI am assured that our artist began and finished\\nthe head in the presence of his wife and another\\nlady. He had no assistance but from his own\\nmemory, which, on such occasions, was remark-\\nably tenacious. Ireland, gives us as the simple\\nfact the following: Hogarth being told, after\\nhis friend s death, that a portrait was wanted as a\\nfrontispiece to his works, sketched this from\\nmemory. According to the inscription on\\nBasire s plate, it represents Fielding at the age\\nof forty-eight, or in the year of his death. This,\\nhowever, can only mean that it represents him as\\nHogarth had last seen him. But long before he\\ndied, disease had greatly altered his appearance\\nand he must have been little more than a shadow\\nof the handsome Harry Fielding, who wrote\\nfarces for Mrs. Clive, and heard the chim.es at\\nmidnight. As he himself says in the Voyage to\\nLisbon, he had lost his teeth,^ and the consequent\\nfalling-in of the lips is plainly perceptible in the\\nprofile. The shape of the Roman nose, which\\nBiographical Anecdotes of Hogarth, p. 131.\\n^Hogarth Illustrated, iii. 291.\\n^Journal, etc., 1755, p. 203.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0285.jp2"}, "286": {"fulltext": "258 Henry Fielding\\nColonelJames irreverently styled a proboscis,\\nwould, however, remain unaltered, and it is still\\npossible to divine a curl, half humorous, half\\nironic, in the short upper lip. The eye, appar-\\nently, was dark and deep-set. Oddly enough,\\nthe chin, to the length of which he had himself\\nreferred in the Champion, does not appear abnor-\\nmal.^ Beyond the fact that he was above six\\nfeet in height, and, until the gout had broken his\\n1 Amelia^ Bk. xi. ch. i.\\n2 In the bust of Fielding which Miss Margaret Thomas\\nwas commissioned by Mr. R. A. Kinglake to execute for the\\nSomerset Valhalla, the Shire-Hall at Taunton, these points\\nhave been carefully considered and the sculptor has suc-\\nceeded in producing a work which, while it suggests the\\nmingling of humour and dignity that is Fielding s chief char-\\nacteristic, is also generally faithful to Hogarth s indications.\\nFrom these, indeed, it is impossible to deviate. Not only\\nis his portrait unique, for Murphy says expressly Works^\\n1762, i. 47) that no portrait of Fielding had ever been made\\npreviously; but it was admitted to be like Fielding by\\nFielding s friends. Miss Thomas s bust was placed in the\\nShire Hall, 4th September, 1883 and the following in-\\nscription was written for it by James Russell Lowell, by\\nwhom it was unveiled\\nHe looked on naked nature unashamed.\\nAnd saw the Sphinx, now bestial, now divine,\\nIn change and rechange he nor praised nor blamed.\\nBut drew her as he saw with fearless line.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0286.jp2"}, "287": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 259\\nconstitution, unusually robust, Murphy adds\\nnothing further to our idea of his personal appear-\\nance.\\nThat other picture of his character^ traced and\\nretraced (often with much exaggeration of out-\\nline), is so familiar in English literature, that it\\ncannot now be materially altered or amended.\\nYet it is impossible not to wish that it were de-\\nrived from some less prejudiced or more trust-\\nworthy witnesses than those who have spoken,\\nsay, for example, from Lyttelton or Allen.\\nThere are always signs that Walpole s malice, and\\nSmollett s animosity, and the rancour of Richard-\\nson, have had too much to do with the represen-\\ntation and even Murphy and Lady Mary are\\nscarcely persons whom one would select as ideal\\nbiographers. The latter is probably right in com-\\nparing her cousin to Sir Richard Steele. Both\\nwere generous, kindly, brave, and sensitive both\\nwere improvident both loved women and little\\nchildren both sinned often, and had their mo-\\nments of sincere repentance to both was given\\nthat irrepressible hopefulness, and full delight\\nDid he good service God must judge, not we.\\nManly he was, and generous and sincere\\nEnglish in all, of genius blithely free\\nWho loves a Man may see his image here.\\nLetters y etc., i86i, ii. 283.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0287.jp2"}, "288": {"fulltext": "26o Henry Fielding\\nof being which forgets to-morrow in to-day.\\nThat Henry Fielding was wild and reckless in\\nhis youth it would be idle to contest indeed it\\nis an intelligible, if not a necessary, consequence\\nof his physique and his temperament. But it is\\nnot fair to speak of him as if his youth lasted for-\\never. Critics and biographers, says Mr. Leslie\\nStephen, have dwelt far too exclusively upon\\nthe uglier side of his Bohemian life and Field-\\ning himself, in the Jacobite s Journal, complains\\nsadly that his enemies have traced his impeachment\\neven to his boyish Years. That he who was\\nprodigal as a lad was prodigal as a man may be\\nconceded that he who was sanguine at twenty\\nwould be sanguine at forty (although this is less\\ndefensible) may also be allowed. But, if we\\npress for better assurance than Bardolph,\\nthere is absolutely no good evidence that Field-\\ning s career after his marriage materially differed\\nfrom that of other men struggling for a livelihood,\\nhampered with ill-health, and exposed to all the\\nshifts and humiliations of necessity. If any por-\\ntrait of him is to be handed down to posterity,\\nlet it be the last rather than the first not the\\nFielding of the green-room and the tavern of\\nCovent Garden frolics and modern conversa-\\ntions but the energetic magistrate, the tender\\nhusband and father, the kindly host of his poorer", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0288.jp2"}, "289": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 261\\nfriends, the practical philanthropist, the patient\\nand magnanimous hero of the Vo/age to Lisbon.\\nIf these things be remembered, it will seem of\\nminor importance that to his dying day he never\\nknew the value of money, or that he forgot his\\ntroubles over a chicken and champagne.^ And\\neven his improvidence was not without its excus-\\nable side. Once so runs the legend^ Andrew\\nMillar made him an advance to meet the claims\\nof an importunate tax-gatherer. Carrying it home,\\nhe met a friend, in even worse straits than his\\nown and the money changed hands. When the\\ntax-gatherer arrived there was nothing but the\\nanswer Friendship has called for the money\\nand had it let the collector call again. Justice,\\nit is needless to say, was satisfied by a second\\niQf this latter faculty Professor Saintsbury says:\\nLady Mary s view of his [Fielding s] childlike enjoy-\\nment of the moment has been, I think, much exaggerated\\nby posterity, and was probably not a little mistaken by the\\nlady herself. There are two moods in which the motto is\\ncarp^ diem one a mood of simply childish hurry, the other\\nwhere behind the enjoyment of the moment lurks, and\\nwhich the enjoyment of the moment is not a little\\nheightened by, that vast ironic consciousness of the before\\nand after, which I at least see everywhere in the background\\nof Fielding s work. (Introduction to Dent s edition of\\nFielding, 1893, i- xxv.-vi.)\\nG entleinaii s Magazine August, 1786.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0289.jp2"}, "290": {"fulltext": "262 Henry Fielding\\nadvance from the bookseller. But who shall\\ncondemn the man of whom such a story can be\\ntold?\\nThe literary work of Fielding is so inextricably\\ninterwoven with what is known of his life that\\nmost of it has been examined in the course of the\\nforegoing narrative. What remains to be said, is\\nchiefly in summary of what has been said already.\\nAs a dramatist he has no eminence and though\\nhis plays do not deserve the sweeping condem-\\nnation with which Macaulay once spoke of them\\nin the House of Commons, they are not likely to\\nattract any critics but those for whom the inferior\\nefforts of a great genius possess a morbid fasci-\\nnation. Some of them serve, in a measure, to\\nillustrate his career others contain hints and\\nsituations which he afterwards worked into his\\nnovels but the only ones that possess real stage\\nqualities are those which he borrowed from\\nRegnard and Moliere. Don Quixote in England,\\nPasqiiin, the Historical Register, can claim no\\npresent consideration commensurate with that\\nwhich they received as contemporary satires, and\\ntheir interest is mainly antiquarian while Tom\\nThumb and the Covent-Garden Tragedy, the\\nformer of which would make the reputation of a\\nsmaller man, can scarcely hope to be remembered\\nbeside Amelia or Jonathan Wild, Nor can it be", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0290.jp2"}, "291": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 263\\nadmitted that, as a periodical writer, Fielding was\\nat his best. In spite of effective passages, his\\nessays remain far below the work of the great\\nAugustanS; and are not above the level of many\\nof their less illustrious imitators. That instinct\\nof popular selection, which retains a faint hold\\nupon the Rambler, the Adventurer, the V/orld\\nand the Connoisseur, or at least consents to give\\nthem honourable interment as British Essay-\\nists in a secluded corner of the shelves, has\\nmade no pretence to any preservation, or even\\nany winnowing^ of the Champion and the True\\nPatriot. Fielding s papers are learned and ingen-\\nious they are frequently humorous they are often\\nearnest but it must be a loiterer in literature who,\\nin these days, except for antiquarian or biographical\\npurposes, can honestly find it worth while to con-\\nsult them. His pamphlets and projects are more\\nvaluable, if only that they prove him to have\\nlooked curiously and sagaciously at social and\\npolitical problems, and to have striven, as far as\\nin him lay, to set the crooked straight. Their\\nimport, to-day, is chiefly that of links in a chain\\nof contributions to a progressive literature\\nwhich has since travelled into regions unforeseen\\nby the author of the Proposal for the Poor, and\\nthe Inquiry into the Causes of the late Increase of\\nRobbers. As such, they have their place in that", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0291.jp2"}, "292": {"fulltext": "264 Henry Fielding\\nlibrary of Political Economy of which M CulIoch\\nhas catalogued the riches. It is not, however,\\nby his pamphlets, his essays, or his plays that\\nFielding is really memorable it is by his triad\\nof novels, and the surpassing study in irony of\\nJonathan Wild, In Joseph Andrews we have the\\nfirst sprightly runnings of genius that, after much\\nuncertainty, had at last found its fitting vein, but\\nwas yet doubtful and undisciplined in Tom\\nJones the perfect plan has come, with the per-\\nfected method and the assured expression.\\nThere is an inevitable loss of that fine wayward-\\nness v/hich is sometimes the result of untrained\\neffort, but there is the general gain of order, and\\nthe full production which results of art. The\\nhighest point is reached in Tom Jones, which is\\nthe earliest definite and authoritative manifesta-\\ntion of the modern novel. Its relation to De\\nFoe is that of the vertebrate to the invertebrate\\nto Richardson, that of the real to the ideal one\\nmight almost add, the impossible.-^ It can be\\ncompared to no contemporary English work of\\nits own kind and if we seek for its parallel at\\n1 In this connection the reader may be profitably referred\\nto the admirable dialogue between Fielding and Richardson\\nin T/ie New Lucian of the late accomplished scholar and\\ncritic, Mr. H. D. Traill (Revised and enlarged edition,\\n1900, pp. 268-286).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0292.jp2"}, "293": {"fulltext": "A Memoir 265\\nthe time of publication we must go beyond litera-\\nture to art to the masterpiece of that great\\npictorial satirist who was Fielding s friend. In\\nboth Fielding and Hogarth there is the same con-\\nstructive power, the same rigid sequence of cause\\nand effect, the same significance of detail, the\\nsame side-light of allusion. Both have the same\\nhatred of affectation and hypocrisy the same un-\\nerring insight into character. Both are equally\\nattracted by striking contrasts and comic situa-\\ntions in both there is the same declared morality\\nof purpose, coupled with the same sturdy virility\\nof expression. One, it is true, leaned more\\nstrongly to tragedy, the other to comedy. But\\nif Fielding had painted pictures, it would have\\nbeen in the style of the Marriage a la mode if\\nHogarth had written novels^ they would have\\nbeen in the style of Tom Jones. In the gentler\\nand more subdued Amelia, with its tender and\\nwomanly central-figure, there is a certain change\\nof plan, due to altered conditions it may be^ to\\nan altered philosophy of art. The narrative is\\nless brisk and animated the character-painting\\nless broadly humorous the philanthropic element\\nmore strongly developed. To trace the influence\\nof these three great works in succeeding writers\\nwould hold us too long. It may, nevertheless, be\\nsafely asserted that there are few English novels", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0293.jp2"}, "294": {"fulltext": "266 Henry Fielding\\nof manners, written since Fielding s day, which do\\nnot descend from him as from their fount and\\nsource and that more than one of our modern\\nmasters betray unmistakable signs of a form and\\nfashion studied minutely from their frank and\\nmanly ancestor.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0294.jp2"}, "295": {"fulltext": "POSTSCRIPT\\nA FEW particulars respecting Fielding s family\\nand posthumous works can scarcely be\\nomitted from the present memoir. It has been\\nstated that by his first wife he had one daugh-\\nter, the Eleanor Harriot who accompanied him\\nto Lisbon, and survived him, although Mr.\\nKeightley says, but without giving his authority,\\nshe did not survive him long. Of his family by\\nMary Daniel, the eldest son, William, to whose\\nbirth reference has already been made, was bred\\nto the law, became a barrister of the Middle\\nTemple eminent as a special pleader, and ulti-\\nmately a Westminster magistrate. He died in\\nOctober, 1820, at the Police Office, Queen-\\nSquare at the age of seventy-three. He seemed\\nto have shared his father s conversational quali-\\nties,^ and, like him, to have been a strenuous ad-\\nvocate of the poor and unfortunate. Southey,\\nwriting from Keswick in 1830 to Sir Egerton\\n1 Videy Lockhart s Life of Scott, chap, i., and Bedford Cor-\\nrespondence^ 1846, iii. 41 in., where it is said that he was\\nthe delight of the circuit.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0295.jp2"}, "296": {"fulltext": "268 Postscript\\nBrydges, speaks of a meeting he had in St.\\nJames s Park, about 1817, with one of the\\nnovelist s sons. He was then/ says Southey,\\na fine old man, though visibly shaken by time\\nhe received me in a manner which had much of\\nold courtesy about it, and I looked upon him\\nwith great interest for his father s sake. The\\ndate, and the fact that William Fielding had had\\na paralytic stroke, make it almost certain that this\\nwas he and a further reference by Southey to\\nhis religious opinions is confirmed by the obituary\\nnotice in the Gentleman s^ which speaks of him\\nas a worthy and pious man.* The names and\\nbaptisms of the remaining children, as supplied\\nfor these pages by the late Colonel Chester, were\\nMary Amelia, baptised January 6, 1749 Sophia,\\nJanuary 21, 1750 Louisa, December 3, 1752;\\nand Allen, April 6, 1754, about a month before\\nFielding removed to Ealing. All these baptisms\\ntook place at St. Paul s, Covent Garden, from\\nthe registers of which these particulars were ex-\\ntracted. The eldest daughter, Mary Amelia,\\ndoes not appear to have long survived, for the\\nsame registers record her burial on the 17th De-\\ncember, 1749. Allen Fielding became a clergy-\\nman, and died, according to Burke, in 1823, be-\\ning then vicar of St. Stephen s, Canterbury. He\\n1 1820, ii. 373-4.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0296.jp2"}, "297": {"fulltext": "Postscript 269\\nleft a family of four sons and three daughters.\\nOne of the sons. George, became rector of North\\nOckendon, Essex, and married, in 1825, Mary\\nRebecca, daughter of Ferdinand Hanbury-Wil-\\nliams, and grandniece of Fielding s friend and\\nschool-fellow Sir Charles. This lady, who so\\ncuriously linked the present and the past, died at\\nHereford Square, Brompton, in her eighty-fifth\\nyear. Mrs. Fielding herself (Mary Daniel) ap-\\npears to have attained a good old age.^ Her\\ndeath took place at Canterbury on the nth of\\nMarch, 1802, perhaps in the house of her son\\nAllen, who is stated by Nichols in his Leicester-\\nshire to have been rector in 1803 of St. Cosmus\\nand Damian-in-the-Blean. After her husband s\\ndeath, her children were educated by their uncle\\nJohn and Ralph Allen, the latter of whom says\\nMurphy made a very generous annual donation\\nfor that purpose. In 1762, when Murphy\\nv/rote, only William, Allen and Sophia were alive,\\nand to these three the Master of Prior Park at\\nhis death in 1704, bequeathed the sum of ^100\\neach.^\\n1 A portrait of her by Francis Cotes, R. A., described by\\none who saw it as a very fine drawing of a very ugly\\nwoman, was sold not many years since at Christie s.\\n2 Ralph Allen also left ;,f icx) to Fielding s sister Sarah\\nVide, Will in Peach s Historic Houses of Bath, Second", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0297.jp2"}, "298": {"fulltext": "270 Postscript\\nAmong Fielding s other connections it is only\\nnecessary to speak of his sister Sarah, and his\\nabove-mentioned brother John. Sarah Fielding\\ncontinued to write and in addition to a third\\nvolume of David Simple, published the Governess,\\n1749 the History of the Countess Dellwyn, ^759 J\\na translation of Xenophon s Memorabilia; a dra-\\nmatic fable called the Cr/ (with Margaret Collier s\\nsister Jane), and some other forgotten books.\\nDuring the latter part of her life she lived at Bath,\\nwhere she was highly popular, both for her personal\\ncharacter and her accomplishments. She had a\\ncottage in Church Lane, Widcombe. She died in\\n1768 and her friend. Dr. John Hoadly, who\\nwrote the verses to the Rake s Progress, erected\\na monument to her memory in the Abbey Church.\\nHer unaffected Manners, candid Mind,\\nHer Heart benevolent, and Soul resign d\\nWere more her Praise than all she knew or thought\\nThough Athens Wisdom to her Sex she taught,\\nsays he but in mere facts the inscription is^ as\\nhe modestly styles it, a deficient Memorial,\\nfor she is described as having been born in 17 14\\nSeries, 1884, p. 149). It may be added that Sophia Field-\\ning must have lived far into this century since she occu-\\npied a house near Canterbury during the entire period of\\nninety years for which her father had signed the lease, (Hen-\\nderson s Recollections of John Adolphus^ 187 1, 227).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0298.jp2"}, "299": {"fulltext": "Postscript 271\\ninstead of 17 10, and as being the daughter of\\nGeneral Henry instead of General Edmund Field-\\ning. John Fielding, the novelist s half-brother,\\nas already stated^ succeeded him at Bow Street,\\nthough the post has been sometimes claimed (on\\nBosweirs authority) for Mr. Welch. The mis-\\ntake no doubt arose from the circumstance that\\nthey frequently worked in concert. Previous to\\nhis appointment as a magistrate, John Fielding,\\nin addition to assisting his brother, seems to have\\nbeen largely concerned in the promotion of that\\ncurious enterprise, the Universal-Register-\\nOffice/ in which Henry Fielding held shares.^ It\\nwas often advertised in the Covent-Garden Jour-\\nnal and appears to have been an Estate Office,\\nLost Property Office, Servants Registry, Curi-\\nosity Shop, and multifarious General Agency. As\\na magistrate, in spite of his blindness, John Field-\\ning was remarkably energetic, and is reported to\\nhave known more than 3,000 thieves by their\\nvoices alone, and could recognise them when\\nbrought into Court. There are many references\\nto John Fielding in the periodical and other liter-\\nature of the day, e. g., in Churchiirs Ghost and\\nGoldsmith s** Rhymed Letters to Mr. Bunbury.\\nBesides professional works, a description of\\nLondon and Westminster is often ascribed to\\n1 Cf, Amelia, 1752, Bk. v. ch. 9 (p. 170).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0299.jp2"}, "300": {"fulltext": "272 Postscript\\nhim, but he denied the authorship.^ He was\\nknighted in 1761, and died at Brompton Place in\\n1780.^ Lyttelton, who had become Sir George\\nin 175 1, was raised to the peerage as Baron\\nLyttelton of Frankley three years after Fielding s\\ndeath. He died in 1773. In 1760-5 he pub-\\nlished his Dialogues of the Dead, profanely char-\\nacterised by Mr. Walpole as Dead Dialogues.\\nNo. 28 of these is a colloquy between Plutarch,\\nCharon, and a Modern Bookseller, and it con-\\ntains the following reference to Fielding\\nWe have [says Mr. Bookseller] another writer\\nof these imaginary histories, one who has not\\nlong since descended to these regions. His\\nname is Fielding and his works, as I have\\nheard the best judges say, have a true spirit of\\ncomedy, and an exact representation of nature,\\nwith fine moral touches. He has not indeed\\ngiven lessons of pure and consummate virtue, but\\nhe has exposed vice and meanness with all the\\npowers of ridicule. It is perhaps excusable that\\nLawrence, like Roscoe and others, should have\\nattributed this to Lyttelton but the preface\\nnevertheless assigns it, with two other dialogues,\\n1 Public Advertiser y 6 January, 1777.\\n2 He was more fortunate than his famous elder brother,\\nfor there are at least three portraits of him, two by Na-\\nthaniel Hone, and one by the Rev. M. W. Peters, R. A.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0300.jp2"}, "301": {"fulltext": "Postscript 273\\nto a different hand. They were, in fact, the\\nfirst essays in authorship of that illustrious blue-\\nstocking, Mrs. Elizabeth Montagu.\\nFielding s only posthumous works are the\\nJournal of a Voyage to Lisbon^ and the comedy\\nof The Fathers; or, The Good Natufd Man.\\nThe Journal was published on the 2 5 February,\\n1755, and the advertisement announced that it\\nwas printed for the Benefit of his [Fielding s]\\nWife and Children. Notwithstanding a state-\\nment in the Dedication to the Public that it\\nremained ^as it came from the hands of the\\nauthor, the first issue seems to have been con-\\nsiderably edited. The Ryde landlady appears as\\nMrs. Humphreys, and several passages relating\\nto the Captain of the Queen of Portugal/ his\\nnephew, and Fielding himself, were withheld,\\nprobably from prudential motives. But towards\\nthe close of the year, and after the earthquake at\\nLisbon, the volume was reprinted with the same\\ndate, dedication and title-page, but, as regards\\nthe text, corresponding in all respects with the\\nversion put forward by Murphy in the Works of\\n1762.^ Both of the versions of 1755 included a\\nThe circumstances connected with the publication of\\nthese two versions are fully discussed in the Introduction\\nto the present writer s reprint of the yotivnal^ issued in\\n1892, by Messrs. Whittingham Co.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0301.jp2"}, "302": {"fulltext": "2 74 Postscript\\nFragment of a Comment on Bolingbroke s Es-\\nsays/ which Essays Mallet had issued in March,\\n1754. This fragment must therefore have been\\nbegun in the last months of Fielding s life and,\\naccording to Murphy, he made very careful prep-\\naration for the work, as attested by long extracts\\nfrom the Fathers and the leading controversial-\\nists, which, after his death, were preserved by\\nhis brother. Beyond a passage or two in Rich-\\nardson s Correspondence, and a sneering reference\\nby Walpole to Fielding s account how his\\ndropsy was treated and teased by an innkeeper s\\nwife in the Isle of Wight, there is nothing to\\nshow how the Journal was received, still less that\\nit brought any substantial pecuniary relief to\\nthose innocents, to whom reference had been\\nmade in the Dedication.\\nThe storv of The Good Natur d Man, which\\nwas not placed upon the stage until 1778, is\\ncurious. According to the Advertisement, after\\nit had been set aside in 1742, Mt seems to have\\nbeen submitted to Sir Charles Hanbury Williams.\\nSir Charles was just starting for Russia, as En-\\nvoy Extraordinary. Whether Fielding s MS.\\nwent with him or not is unknown but it was\\nlost until 177) o^ ^77^^ when it was recovered in\\na tattered and forlorn condition by Mr. Johnes,\\n1 Vu/e, chap, iv., p. 94.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0302.jp2"}, "303": {"fulltext": "Postscript 275\\nM. P. for Cardigan, from a person who enter-\\ntained a very poor and even contemptuous opin-\\nion of its merits. Mr. Johnes thought other-\\nwise. He sent it to Garrick, who at once rec-\\nognised it as Harry Fielding s Comedy. Re-\\nvised and retouched by the actor and Sheridan,\\nit was produced at Drury Lane on the 30th No-\\nvember, 1778, as The Fathers, with a Prologue\\nand Epilogue by Garrick. For nine nights it\\nwas received with interest, and even some flick-\\nering enthusiasm. It was then withdrawn and\\nthere is no likelihood that it will ever be re-\\nvived.^\\nThe consultation of contemporary newspapers\\nmade necessary in connection with the issue of\\nFielding s Journal, resulted in the discovery that\\nhe possessed an extensive library. This was an-\\nnounced for sale in February, 1755, four months\\nalter his death, the auctioneer being Mr. Baker\\nof York Street, Covent Garden, by whom it was\\ndisposed of on four successive evenings. It con-\\nsisted of 6)3 lots and realised ;^3 64^ 7, i. It\\nwas rich in law and classics, poetry and drama,\\nand included many valuable folios. .Further men-\\n1 Mr. Baillie of Norfolk Square, London, has a letter from\\nSir John Fielding to William Hunter, begging him to go to\\nthe Author s Widow s night i^Athenuum^ I February,\\n1890).", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0303.jp2"}, "304": {"fulltext": "276 Postscript\\ntion of it here is however needless, as it has been\\nsufficiently described in an earlier volume of this\\nseries.^ But it may be added in this place that\\nif, as is sometimes contended, Henry Fielding\\nmade parade of learning, he seems to have been\\nexceptionally well provided with a scholar s stock\\nin trade.\\niSee Fielding s Library in Eighteenth Century Vi-\\ngnettes Third Series, pp. 163-177.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0304.jp2"}, "305": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX NO. I\\nFIELDING AND SARAH ANDREW\\nBY the courtesy of the editor of the Atherueuniy\\nthe following letter is here reprinted from\\nthat paper for 2d June, 1883\\n75 Eaton Rise, Ealing.\\nIn 1855, when Mr. Frederick Lawrence pub-\\nlished his Life of Henry Fielding, he thus re-\\nferred (ch. vii. p. 67) toan early passage in the\\nnovelist s career: On his [Fielding s] return\\nfrom Leyden he conceived a desperate attach-\\nment for his cousin, Miss Sarah Andrew [sic].\\nThat young lady s friends had, however, so little\\nconfidence in her wild kinsman, that they took\\nthe precaution of removing her out of his reach\\nnot, it is said, until he had attempted an abduc-\\ntion or elopement. His cousin was\\nafterwards married to a plain country gentleman,\\nand in that alliance found, perhaps, more solid\\nhappiness than she would have experienced in an\\nearly and improvident marriage with her gifted\\nkinsman. Her image, however, was never ef-\\nfaced from his recollection and there is a charm-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0305.jp2"}, "306": {"fulltext": "278 Appendix I\\ning picture (so tradition tells) of her luxuriant\\nbeauty in the portrait of Sophia Western, in Tom\\nJones, Mr. Lawrence gave no hint or sign of\\nhis authority for this unexpected and hitherto un-\\nrecorded incident. But the review of his book\\nin the A//i^na?wm for loth November, 1855, elicited\\nthe following notes on the subject from Mr.\\nGeorge Roberts, sometime mayor of Lyme, and\\nauthor of a brief history of that town. Henry\\nFielding, wrote Mr. Roberts, was at Lyme\\nRegis, Dorset, for the purpose of carrying off an\\nheiress. Miss Andrew, the daughter of Solomon\\nAndrew, Esq., the last of a series of merchants\\nof that name at Lyme. The young lady was liv-\\ning with Mr. Andrew Tucker, one of the corpo-\\nration, who sent her away to Modbury, in South\\nDevon, where she married an ancestor of the\\npresent Rev. Mr. Rhodes, an eloquent preacher\\nof Bath, who possesses the Andrew property.\\nMr. Rhodes s son married the young lady upon\\nhis return to Modbury from Oxford. The cir-\\ncumstances about the attempts of Henry Fielding\\nto carry off the young lady, handed down in the\\nancient Tucker family, were doubted by the late\\nhead of his family, Dr. Rhodes, of Shapwick,\\nUplyme, etc. Since his decease I have found an\\nentry in the old archives of Lyme about the fears\\nof Andrew Tucker, Esq., the guardian, as to his", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0306.jp2"}, "307": {"fulltext": "Appendix I 279\\nsafety, owing to the behaviour of Henry Fielding\\nand his attendant, or man. According to the\\ntradition of the Tucker family, given in my His-\\ntory of Lyme, Sophia Western was intended to\\npourtray Miss Andrew/ To Mr. Roberts s com-\\nmunication succeeded that of another correspond-\\nent one P. S. who gave some additional\\nparticulars There is now at Bellair, in the im-\\nmediate neighbourhood of Exeter the portrait of\\nSophia Western [Miss Andrew]. Bellair be-\\nlongs to the Rhodes family, and was the residence\\nof the late George Ambrose Rhodes, Fellow of\\nCaius College, and formerly Physician to the\\nDevon and Exeter Hospital. He himself directed\\nmy attention to this picture. In the board-room\\nof the above hospital there is also the three-\\nquarter length portrait of Ralph Allen, Esq., the\\nSquire Allworthy of the same novel. No\\nfurther contribution appears to have been made\\nto the literature of the subject. The late Mr.\\nKeightley, in his articles on Lawrence s book in\\nFraser s Ma^a\\\\ine for January and February,\\n1858, did, as a matter of fact, refer to the story\\nand Mr. Roberts s confirmation of it but beyond\\npointing out that Miss Andrew could not have\\nbeen the original of Sophia Western, who is de-\\nclared by Fielding himself {Tom Jones, bk. xiii.\\nch. i.) to have been the portrait of his first wife,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0307.jp2"}, "308": {"fulltext": "28o Appendix I\\nCharlotte Cradock, he added nothing to the ex-\\nisting information.\\nWhen I began to prepare the sketch of Field-\\ning recently included in Mr. John Morley s series\\nof English Men of Letters/ matters stood at\\nthis point, and I had little hope that any supple-\\nmentary details could be obtained. I was, in-\\ndeed, fortunate enough to discover that Burke s\\nLanded Gentry for 1858 gave the year of Miss\\nAndrews s marriage as 1726; and inquiries at\\nModbury, though they did not actually confirm\\nthis, practically did so, by disclosing the fact that\\na child of Mr. and Mrs. Ambrose Rhodes w^as\\nbaptised at that place in April, 1727. It became\\nclear, therefore, that instead of being subsequent\\nto Fielding s return from Leyden in 1728, as\\nLaw^rence supposed, the date of the reported at-\\ntempt at elopement could not have been later\\nthan 1725 or the early part of 1726 so far back,\\nin fact, in Fielding s life that I confess to having\\nentertained a private doubt whether it ever oc-\\ncurred at all. That doubt has now been com-\\npletely removed by the appearance of some new\\nand wholly unlooked-for evidence.\\nAfter the publication in 1858 of his Fraser\\npapers, Mr. Keightley seems to have continued\\nhis researches with the intention of writing a final\\nbiography of Fielding. In this, which was to in-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0308.jp2"}, "309": {"fulltext": "Appendix I 281\\nelude a reprint of the Journal of a Voyage to\\nLisbon and a critical examination of Fielding s\\nworks, he made considerable progress and by\\nthe courtesy of his nephew, Mr. Alfred C.\\nLyster, his MSS. have been placed at my dis-\\nposal. Much that relates to Fielding s life has\\nmanifestly the disadvantage of having been written\\nmore than twenty years ago^ and it reproduces\\nsome aspects of Fielding which have now been\\nabandoned but in the elucidation and expansion\\nof the Sarah Andrew episode Mr. Keightley\\nleaves little to be desired. His first step, appar-\\nently, was to communicate with Mr. Roberts,\\nwho furnished him (6th May, 1859) with the fol-\\nlowing transcript or summary of the original\\nrecord in the Register Book of Lyme Regis\\n*^John Bowdidge, Jun.^ was Mayor when\\nAndrew Tucker, Gent., one of the corporation,\\ncaused Henry Fielding, Gent., and his servant or\\ncompanion, Joseph Lewis both now and for\\nsome time past residing in the borough to be\\nbound over to keep the peace, as he was in fear\\nof his life or some bodily hurt to be done or to\\nbe procured to be done to him by H. Fielding\\nand his man. Mr. A. Tucker feared that the\\nman would beat, maim, or kill him. 14th No-\\nvember, 172^.\\nWe thus get the exact date of the occurrence,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0309.jp2"}, "310": {"fulltext": "282 Appendix I\\n14th November, 1725 (f. when Fielding was\\neighteen), the fact that he had been staying for\\nsome time in Lyme at that date, and the name of\\nhis servant. In a further letter of 14th May,\\n1859, Mr. Roberts referred Mr. Keightley to\\nMr. James Davidson, a Devon antiquary, in\\nwhose History of Newenham Abbey, Longmans,\\n1845 (surely a most out-of-the-way source of in-\\nformation I), he found the following, derived by\\nthe author from the Rhodes family (pp. 165, 166)\\n*The estate [of Shapwick, near Axminster]\\ncontinued but a short time the property of the\\nnoble family of Petre, being sold by William the\\nfourth baron, on the loth of November, 1670, to\\nSolomon Andrew of Lyme Regis, a gentleman,\\nwho possessed a considerable property obtained\\nby his ancestors and himself in mercantile affairs.\\nFrom him it descended to his only son, who died\\nat the age of twenty-nine years, leaving two sons\\nand a daughter, the latter of whom, by the decease\\nof her brothers, became heiress to the estate.\\nThis young lady was placed under the guardian-\\nship of Mr. Rhodes of Modbury, and her uncle,\\nMr. Tucker of Lyme, in whose family she re-\\nsided. At this time Henry Fielding, whose very\\nobjectionable but once popular works have placed\\nhis name high on the list of novel-writers, was an\\noccasional visitor at the place, and enraptured", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0310.jp2"}, "311": {"fulltext": "Appendix I 283\\nwith the charms and the more solid attractions of\\nMiss Andrew, paid her the most assiduous atten-\\ntion. The views of her guardians were, how-\\never, opposed to a connection with so dissipated,\\nthough well-born and well-educated a youth, who\\nis said to have in consequence made a desperate\\nattempt to carry the lady off by force on a Sun-\\nday, when she was on her way to church. The\\nresidence of the heiress was then removed to\\nModbury, and the disappointed admirer found\\nconsolation in the society of a beauty at Salisbury\\nwhom he married.\\nThere are some manifest misconceptions in this\\naccount, due, no doubt, to Mr. Davidson s ig-\\nnorance of the exact period of the occurrence\\nas established by the above record in the Lyme\\narchives. In the first place, it must have been\\nfour or five years at least before Fielding con-\\nsoled himself with Miss Charlotte Cradock, and\\nnearly ten (according to the received date) before\\nhe married her. Again, in saying that he was\\ndissipated, Mr. Davidson must have been\\nthinking of his conventional after-character, for\\nin 1725 he was but a boy fresh from Eton, and\\ncould scarcely have established any reputation as\\na rake. Nor is there anything in our whole\\nknowledge of him to justify us in supposing that\\nhe was at any time a mere mercenary fortune-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0311.jp2"}, "312": {"fulltext": "284 Appendix I\\nhunter. Finally, according to one of Mr.\\nRoberts s letters to Mr. Keightley, timorous Mr.\\nTucker of Lyme had a very different reason from\\nhis personal shortcomings for objecting to Field-\\ning as a suitor to his ward. The Tucker\\nFamily, says Mr. Roberts, by tradition con-\\nsider themselves tricked out of the heiress, Miss\\nAndrew, by Mr. Rhodes of Modbury, Mr.\\nAndrew Tucker intending the lady for his own\\nson. Nevertheless, these reservations made,\\nMr. Davidson s version, although ex parte, sup-\\nplies colour and detail to the story. From a\\npedigree which he gives in his book, it further\\nappears that Mrs. Rhodes died on the 22d of\\nAugust, 1783, aged seventy-three. This would\\nmake her fifteen in 1725. There remained Law-\\nrence s enigmatical declaration that she was\\nFielding s cousin. Briefly stated, the result of\\nMr. Keightley s inquiries in this direction tends\\nto show that Miss Andrew s mother was con-\\nnected with the family of Fielding s mother, the\\nGoulds of Sharpham Park and as Mr. Law-\\nrence does not seem to have been aware of the ex-\\nistence of Davidson s book, or to have had any\\nacquaintance with the traditions or archives of\\nLyme, Mr. Keightley surmises, very plausibly,\\nthat his unvouched data must have been derived,\\ndirectly or indirectly, from the Rhodes family.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0312.jp2"}, "313": {"fulltext": "Appendix I 285\\nMr. Keightley also ingeniously attempts to\\nconnect Fielding s subsequent residence at\\nLeyden (1726-28?) with this affair by assuming\\nthat he was despatched to the Dutch university,\\ninstead of Oxford or Cambridge, in order to\\nkeep him out of harm s way. This is, however,\\nto travel somewhat from the realm of fact into\\nthat of romance. At the same time, it must be\\nadmitted that the materials for romance are\\ntempting. A charming girl, who is also an heir-\\ness a pusillanimous guardian with ulterior views\\nof his own a handsome and high-spirited young\\nsuitor a faithful attendant ready to beat, maim,\\nor kill in his master s behalf a frustrated elope-\\nment and a compulsory visit to the mayor all\\nthese, with the picturesque old town of Lyme\\nfor a background, suggest a most appropriate first\\nact to Harry Fielding s biographical tragi-comedy.\\nBut to do such a theme justice we must\\ncall up him that left half-told\\nthe story of Denis DuvaL", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0313.jp2"}, "314": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX No. II\\nFIELDING AND MRS. HUSSEY\\nAt pp. 124-5, vol. i., of J. T. Smith s Nolle-\\nkens and his Times, 1828, occurs the following\\nnote\\nHenry Fielding was fond of colouring his\\npictures of life with the glowing and variegated\\ntints of Nature, by conversing with persons of\\nevery situation and calling, as I have frequently\\nbeen informed by one of my [i.e., J. T. Smith s]\\ngreat-aunts, the late Mrs. Hussey, who knew\\nhim intimately. I have heard her say, that Mr.\\nFielding never suffered his talent for sprightly\\nconversation to mildew for a moment and that\\nhis manners were so gentlemanly, that even with\\nthe lower classes, with which he frequently con-\\ndescended particularly to chat, such as Sir Roger\\nde Coverley s old friends, the Vauxhall water-\\nmen, they seldom outstepped the limits of pro-\\npriety. My aunt, who lived to the age of 105,\\nhad been blessed with four husbands, and her\\nname had twice been changed to that of Hussey:\\nshe was of a most delightful disposition, of a re-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0314.jp2"}, "315": {"fulltext": "Appendix II 287\\ntentive memory, highly entertaining, and liberally\\ncommunicative and to her I have frequently\\nbeen obliged for an interesting anecdote. She\\nwas, after the death of her second husband, Mr.\\nHussey, a fashionable sacque and mantua-maker,\\nand lived in the Strand, a few doors west of the\\nresidence of the celebrated Le Beck, a famous\\ncook, who had a large portrait of himself for the\\nsign of his house, at the north-west corner of\\nHalf-moon Street, since called Little Bedford\\nStreet. One day Mr. Fielding observed to Mrs.\\nHussey, that he was then engaged in writing a\\nnovel, which he thought would be his best pro-\\nduction and that he intended to introduce in it\\nthe characters of all his friends. Mrs. Hussey,\\nwith a smile, ventured to remark, that he must\\nhave many niches, and that surely they must al-\\nready be filled. I assure you, my dear madam,\\nreplied he, there shall be a bracket for a bust of\\nyou.** Some time after this, he informed Mrs.\\nHussey that the work was in the press but,\\nimmediately recollecting that he had forgotten his\\npromise to her, went to the printer, and was\\ntime enough to insert, in vol. iii. p. 17 [bk. x.\\nch. iv.], where he speaks of the shape of Sophia\\nWestern Such charms are there in affability,\\nand so sure is it to attract the praises of all kinds\\nof people. !t may, indeed, be compared to", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0315.jp2"}, "316": {"fulltext": "288 Appendix II\\nthe celebrated Mrs. Hussey/ To which obser-\\nvation he has given the following note A cele-\\nbrated mantua-maker in the Strand, famous for\\nsetting off the shapes of women/\\nThere is no reason for supposmg that this neg-\\nlected anecdote should not be in all respects\\nauthentic. In fact, upon the venerated principle\\nthat\\nthere it stands unto this day\\nTo witness if I lie/^\\nthe existence of the passage and note in Tom\\nJones is practically suflficient argument for its\\nveracity. This being so, it surely deserves some\\nconsideration for the light which it throws on\\nFielding s character. Mrs. Hussey s testimony\\nas to his dignified and gentlemanly manners,\\nwhich does not seem to be advanced to meet any\\nparticular charge, may surely be set against any\\ninnuendoes of the Burney and Walpole type as\\nto his mean environment and coarse conversation.\\nAnd the suggestion that **the characters of all\\nhis friends by which must be intended rather\\nmention of them than portraits are to be found\\nin his masterpiece, is fairly borne out by the most\\ncasual inspection of Tom Jones, especially the\\nfirst edition, where all the proper names are in\\nitalics. In the dedication alone are references\\nto the princely Benefactions of John, Duke", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0316.jp2"}, "317": {"fulltext": "Appendix II 289\\nof Bedford, and to Lyttelton and Ralph Allen,\\nboth of whom are also mentioned by name in bk.\\nxiii. ch. i. The names of Hogarth and Garrick\\nalso occur frequently. In bk. iv. ch. i, is an\\nanecdote of Wilks the player, who had been one\\nof Fielding s earliest patrons. The surgeon in\\nthe story of the Man of the Hill (bk. viii. ch.\\nxiii.) whose Name began with an R, and who\\nwas Sergeant-Surgeon to the King, evidently\\nstands for Hogarth s Chiswick neighbour, Mr.\\nRanby, by whose advice Fielding was ordered to\\nBath in 1753. Again, he knew, though he did\\nnot greatly admire, Warburton, to whose learn-\\ning there is a handsome compliment in bk. xiii.\\nch. i. In bk. xv. ch. iv. is the name of another\\nfriend or acquaintance (also mentioned in the\\nJourney from this World to the Next), Hooke of\\nthe Roman History, who, like the author of Tom\\nJones, had drawn his pen for Sarah, Duchess of\\nMarlborough. Bk. xi. ch. iv. contains an anec-\\ndote, real or imaginary, of Richard Nash, with\\nwhom Fielding must certainly have become famil-\\niar in his visits to Bath and it is probable that\\nSquare s medical advisers (bk.xviii. ch. iv.), Dr.\\nHarrington and Dr. Brewster, both of whom\\nsubscribed to the Miscellanies of 1743, were well-\\nknown Bathonians. Mr. Willoughby, also a\\nsubscriber, was probably Justice Willoughby", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0317.jp2"}, "318": {"fulltext": "290 Appendix II\\nof Noyle referred to in bk. viii. ch. xi.\\nWhether the use of Handel s name in bk. iv. ch.\\nV. is of any significance there is no evidence\\nbut the description in bk. iv. ch. vi. of Con-\\nscience sitting on its Throne in the Mind, like\\nthe Lord High Chancellor of this Kingdom in\\nhis Court, and fulfilling its functions **witha\\nKnowledge which nothing escapes, a Penetration\\nwhich nothing can deceive, and an Integrity\\nwhich nothing can corrupt, is clearly an oblique\\npanegyric of Philip Yorke, Lord Hardwicke, to\\nwhom, two years later, Fielding dedicated his\\nEnquiry into the late Increase of Robbers, etc.\\nBesides these, there are references to Bishop\\nHoadly(bk. ii. ch. vii.), Mrs. Whitefield, of the\\nBell at Gloucester, and Mr. Timothy Harris\\n(bk. viii. ch. viii.), Mrs. Clive and Mr. Miller\\nof the Gardener s Dictionary (bk. ix. ch. i.)\\nand closer examination would no doubt reveal\\nfurther illusions. Meanwhile the above will be\\nsufficient to show that the statement of the cele-\\nbrated mantua-maker in the Strand respecting\\nFielding s friends in Tom Jones is not without\\nfoundation.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0318.jp2"}, "319": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX NO. Ill\\nFielding s will\\nIn the Athenceum for i February, 1890, Mr.\\nGeorge A. Aitken, to whom the public is in-\\ndebted for so many discoveries in eighteenth-\\ncentury literature, printed an undated will by\\nFielding which is now in the Prerogative court\\nof Canterbury. It runs as follows\\nIn the name of God Amen. I Henry Field-\\ning of the Parish of Ealing in the County of\\nMiddlesex do hereby give and bequeath unto\\nRalph Allen of Prior Park in the County of\\nSomerset Esqr. and to his heirs executors ad-\\nministrators and assigns for ever to the use of the\\nsaid Ralph his heirs, etc., all my estate real and\\npersonal and whatsoever and do appoint him sole\\nexecutor of this my last will Beseeching him that\\nthe whole (except my share in the Register of-\\nfice) may be sold and forthwith converted into\\nmoney and annuities purchased thereout for the\\nlives of my dear wife Mary and my daughters\\nHarriet and Sophia and what proportions my\\nsaid executor shall please to reserve to my sons", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0319.jp2"}, "320": {"fulltext": "292 Appendix III\\nWilliam and Allen shall be paid them severally as\\nthey shall attain the age of twenty and three.\\nAnd as for my shares in the Register or Univer-\\nsal Register Office I give ten thereof to my afore-\\nsaid wife seven to my daughter Harriet and three\\nto my daughter Sophia, my v/ife to be put in im-\\nmediate possession of her shares and my daugh-\\nters of theirs as they shall severally arrive at the\\nage of twenty-one the immediate profits to be\\nthen likewise paid to my two daughters by my\\nexecutor who is desired to retain the same in his\\nhands until that time. Witness my hand Henry\\nFielding. Signed and acknowledged as his last\\nwill and testament by the within named testator\\nin presence of Margaret Collier, Rich d Boor,\\nIsabella Ash.\\nOn the 14th of November, 1754, says Mr.\\nAitken, administration (with the will annexed)\\nof the goods, etc., of Henry Fielding at Lisbon,\\ndeceased, was granted to John Fielding, Esq.,\\nuncle and guardian lawfully assigned to Harriet\\nFielding, spinster, a minor, and Sophia Fielding,\\nan infant for the use and benefit of the minor and\\ninfant until they were twenty-one Ralph Allen,\\nEsq., having renounced as well the execution of\\nthe will as administration of the goods, etc. and\\nMary Fielding, the relict, having also renounced\\nadministration of the goods of the deceased.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0320.jp2"}, "321": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX NO. IV\\nExtracts From A Journal Of A Voyage\\nTo Lisbon\\nThe Captain of the Queen of Portugal.\\nThursday^ June 27. This morning the captain,\\nwho lay on shore at his own house, paid us a\\nvisit in the cabin and behaved like an angry\\nbashaw, declaring that, had he known we were\\nnot to be pleased, he would not have carried us\\nfor^ool. He added many asseverations that he\\nwas a gentleman, and despised money; not for-\\ngetting several hints of the presents which had\\nbeen made him for his cabin, of 20, 30, and 40\\nguineas, by several gentlemen, over and above\\nthe sum for which they had contracted. This\\nbehaviour greatly surprised me, as I knew not\\nhow to account for it, nothing having happened\\nsince we parted from the captain the evening be-\\nfore in perfect good humour and all this broke\\nforth on the first moment of his arrival this morn-\\ning. He did not, however, suffer my amaze-\\nment to have any long continuance before he\\nclearly show^ed me that all this was meant only\\nas an apology to introduce another procrastina-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0321.jp2"}, "322": {"fulltext": "294 Appendix IV\\ntion (being the fifth) of his weighing anchor\\nwhich was now postponed till Saturday, for such\\nwas his will and pleasure.\\nThe particular tyrant whose fortune it was to\\nstow us aboard laid a farther claim to this appella-\\ntion than the bare command of a vehicle of con-\\nveyance. He had been the captain of a privateer,\\nwhich he chose to call being in the king s service,\\nand thence derived a right of hoisting the military\\nornament of a cockade over the button of his hat.\\nHe likewise wore a sword of no ordinary length\\nby his side, with which he swaggered in his cabin\\namong the wretches his passengers, whom he had\\nstowed in cupboards on each side. He was a\\nperson of a very singular character. He had\\ntaken it into his head that he was a gentleman,\\nfrom those very reasons that proved he was not\\none and to show himself a fine gentleman, by a\\nbehaviour which seemed to insinuate he had\\nnever seen one. He was, moreover, a man of\\ngallantry at the age of seventy he had the finical-\\nness of Sir Courtly Nice, with the roughness of\\nSurly and^ while he was deaf himself, had a\\nvoice capable of deafening all others.\\nA most tragical incident fell out this day at\\nsea. While the ship was under sail, but making,\\nas will appear, no great way, a kitten, one of four\\nof the feline inhabitants of the cabin, fell from the", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0322.jp2"}, "323": {"fulltext": "Appendix IV 295\\nwindow into the water: an alarm was imme-\\ndiately given to the captain, who was then upon\\ndeck, and received it with the utmost concern\\nand many bitter oaths. He immediately gave\\norders to the steersman in favour of the poor\\nthing, as he called it the sails were instantly\\nslackened, and all hands, as the phrase is, em-\\nployed to recover the poor animal. I was, I\\nown, extremely surprised at all this less, indeed,\\nat the captain s extreme tenderness than at his\\nconceiving any possibility of success for if puss\\nhad had nine thousand instead of nine lives, I\\nconcluded they had been all lost. The boatswain,\\nhowever, had more sanguine hopes, for, having\\nstripped himself of his jacket, breeches, and shirt,\\nhe leaped boldly into the water, and to my great\\nastonishment in a few minutes returned to the\\nship bearing the motionless animal in his mouth.\\nNor was this, I observed, a matter of such great\\ndifficulty as it appeared to my ignorance, and pos-\\nsibly may seem to that of my fresh-water reader\\nthe kitten was now exposed to air and sun on the\\ndeck, where its life, of which it retained no symp-\\ntoms, was despaired of by all.\\nThe captain s humanity, if I may so call it, did\\nnot so totally destroy his philosophy, as to make\\nhim yield himself up to affliction on this melan-\\ncholy occasion. Having felt his loss like a man,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0323.jp2"}, "324": {"fulltext": "296 Appendix IV\\nhe resolved to show he could bear it like one\\nand, having declared, he had rather have lost a\\ncask of rum or brandy, betook himself to thresh-\\ning at backgammon with the Portuguese friar, in\\nwhich innocent amusement they had passed about\\ntwo-thirds of their time.\\nBut, to return from so long a digression, to\\nwhich the use of so improper an epithet gave oc-\\ncasion, and to which the novelty of the subject\\nallured, I will make the reader amends by con-\\ncisely telling him that the captain poured forth\\nsuch a torrent of abuse that I very hastily and\\nvery foolishly resolved to quit the ship. I gave\\nimmediate orders to summons a hoy to carry me\\nthat evening to Dartmouth, without considering\\nany consequence. Those orders I gave in no\\nvery low voice, so that those above stairs might\\npossibly conceive there was more than one mas-^\\nter in the cabin. In the same tone I likewise\\nthreatened the captain with that which, he after-\\nwards said, he feared more than any rock or\\nquicksand. Nor can we wonder at this when we\\nare told he had been twice obliged to bring to\\nand cast anchor there before, and had neither\\ntime escaped without the loss of almost his whole\\ncargo.\\nThe most distant sound of law thus frightened\\na man^ who had often, I am convinced, heard", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0324.jp2"}, "325": {"fulltext": "Appendix IV 297\\nnumbers of cannon roar round him with intre-\\npidity. Nor did he sooner see the hoy approach-\\ning the vessel than he ran down again into the\\ncabin, and, his rage being perfectly subsided, he\\ntumbled on his knees, and a little too abjectly im-\\nplored for mercy.\\nI did not suffer a brave man and an old man to\\nremain a moment in this posture, but I imme-\\ndiately forgave him.\\nAnd here, that I may not be thought the sly\\ntrumpeter of my own praises, I do utterly dis-\\nclaim all praise on the occasion. Neither did\\nthe greatness of my mind dictate, nor the force\\nof my Christianity exact, this forgiveness. To\\nspeak truth, I forgave him for a motive which\\nwould make men much more forgiving if they\\nwere much wiser than they are because it was\\nconvenient for me so to do.\\nWednesddf. This morning the captain dressed\\nhimself in scarlet in order to pay a visit to a\\nDevonshire squire, to v/hom a captain of a ship\\nis a guest of no ordinary consequence, as he is a\\nstranger and a gentleman, who hath seen a great\\ndeal of the world in foreign parts, and knows all\\nthe news of the times.\\nThe squire, therefore, was to send his boat for\\nthe captain, but a most unfortunate accident hap-\\npened, for, as the wind was extremely rough and", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0325.jp2"}, "326": {"fulltext": "298 Appendix IV\\nagainst the hoy, while this was endeavouring to\\navail itself of great seamanship in hauling up\\nagainst the wind, a sudden squall carried off sail\\nand yard, or at least so disabled them that they\\nwere no longer of any use and unable to reach\\nthe ship but the captain, from the deck, saw his\\nhopes of venison disappointed, and was forced\\neither to stay on board his ship, or to hoist forth\\nhis own long-boat, which he could not prevail\\nwith himself to think of, though the smell of the\\nvenison had had twenty times its attraction. He\\ndid, indeed, love his ship as his wife, and his\\nboats as children, and never willingly trusted the\\nlatter, poor things to the dangers of the seas.\\nTo say truth, notwithstanding the strict rigour\\nwith which he preserved the dignity of his sta-\\ntion, and the hasty impatience with which he re-\\nsented any affront to his person or orders, dis-\\nobedience to which he could in no instance brook\\nin any person on board, he was one of the best\\nnatur d fellows alive. He acted the part of a\\nfather to his sailors he expressed great tender-\\nness for any of them when ill, and never suffered\\nany, the least work of supererogation to go unre-\\nwarded by a glass of gin. He even extended\\nhis humanity, if I may so call it, to animals, and\\neven his cats and kittens had large shares in his\\naffections. An instance of which we saw this", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0326.jp2"}, "327": {"fulltext": "Appendix IV 299\\nevening, when the cat, which had shown it could\\nnot be drowned, was found suffocated under a\\nfeather-bed in the cabin. I will not endeavour\\nto describe his lamentations with more prolixity\\nthan barely by saying, they were grievous, and\\nseemed to have some mixture of the Irish howl in\\nthem. Nay, he carried his fondness even to in-\\nanimate objects, of which we have above set\\ndown a pregnant example in his demonstration of\\nlove and tenderness towards his boats and ship.\\nHe spoke of a ship which he had commanded\\nformerly, and which was long since no more,\\nwhich he had called the Princess of Brazil, as a\\nwidower of a deceased wife. This ship, after\\nhaving followed the honest business of carrying\\ngoods and passengers for hire many years, did at\\nlast take to evil courses and turn privateer, in\\nwhich service, to use his own words, she received\\nmany dreadful wounds, which he himself had felt\\nas if they had been his own.\\nII. Mrs, Francis of Ryde,\\nHowever, as there is scarce any difficulty to\\nwhich the strength of men, assisted with the cun-\\nning of art, is not equal, I was at last hoisted\\ninto a small boat, and, being rowed pretty near\\nthe shore, was taken up by two sailors, who\\nwaded with me through the mud, and placed me", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0327.jp2"}, "328": {"fulltext": "300 Appendix IV\\nin a chair on the land, whence they afterwards\\nconveyed me a quarter of a mile farther, and\\nbrought me to a house which seemed to bid the\\nfairest for hospitality of any in Ryde.\\nWe brought with us our provisions from the\\nship, so that we wanted nothing but a fire to\\ndress our dinner, and a room in which we might\\neat it. In neither of these had we any reason to\\napprehend a disappointment, our dinner consist-\\ning only of beans and bacon, and the worst apart-\\nment in his Majesty s dominions, either at home\\nor abroad, being fully sufficient to answer our\\npresent ideas of delicacy.\\nUnluckily, however, we were disappointed in\\nboth for when we arrived about four at our inn,\\nexulting in the hopes of immediately seeing our\\nbeans smoking on the table^ we had the mortifi-\\ncation of seeing them on the table indeed, but\\nwithout that circumstance which would have\\nmade the sight agreeable, being in the same state\\nin which we had despatched them from our ship.\\nIn excuse for this delay, though we had ex-\\nceeded, almost purposely, the time appointed,\\nand our provision had arrived three hours before,\\nthe mistress of the house acquainted us, that it\\nwas not for want of time to dress them that\\nthey were not ready, but for fear of their being\\ncold or over-done before we should come which", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0328.jp2"}, "329": {"fulltext": "Appendix IV 301\\nshe assured us was much worse than waiting a\\nfew minutes for our dinner. An observation so\\nvery just, that it is impossible to find any objec-\\ntion in it but indeed it was not altogether so\\nproper at this time, for we had given the most abso-\\nlute orders to have them ready at four, and had been\\nourselves, not without much care and difficulty,\\nmost exactly punctual in keeping to the very\\nminute of our appointment. But tradesmen, inn-\\nkeepers, and servants never care to indulge us in\\nmatters contrary to our true interest, which they\\nalways know better than ourselves nor can any\\nbribes corrupt them to go out of their way,\\nwhilst they are consulting our good in our own\\ndespite.\\nOur disappointment in the other particular, in\\ndefiance of our humility, as it was more extra-\\nordinary, was more provoking. In short, Mrs.\\nFrancis (for that was the name of the good\\nwoman of the house) no sooner received the\\nnews of our intended arrival, than she considered\\nm.ore the gentility than the humanity of her\\nguests, and applied herself not to that which\\nkindles, but to that which extinguishes fires, and,\\nforgetting to put on her pot, fell to washing her\\nhouse.\\nAs the messenger who had brought my venison\\nwas impatient to be despatched, I ordered it to", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0329.jp2"}, "330": {"fulltext": "302 Appendix IV\\nbe brought and laid on the table, in the room\\nwhere I was seated and the table not being\\nlarge enough, one side, and that a very bloody\\none, was laid on the brick floor. I then ordered\\nMrs. Francis to be called in, in order to give her\\ninstructions concerning it in particular^ what I\\nwould have roasted, and what baked, concluding\\nthat she would be highly pleased with the pros-\\npect of so much money being spent in her house,\\nas she might have now reason to expect, if the\\nwind continued only a few days longer to blow\\nfrom the same points whence it had blown for\\nseveral weeks past.\\nI soon saw good cause, I must confess, to\\ndespise my own sagacity. Mrs. Francis, having\\nreceived her orders, without making any answer,\\nsnatched the side from the floor, which remained\\nstained with blood, and, bidding a servant to take\\nup that on the table, left the room with no pleas-\\nant countenance, muttering to herself that, **had\\nshe known the litter which was to have been\\nmade, she would not have taken such pains to\\nwash her house that morning. If this was\\ngentility, much good may it do such gentlefolks\\nfor her part, she had no notion of it.\\nFrom these murmurs, I received two hints.\\nThe one, that it was not from a mistake of our\\ninclination that the good woman had starved us,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0330.jp2"}, "331": {"fulltext": "Appendix IV 303\\nbut from wisely consulting her own dignity, or\\nrather, perhaps, her vanity, to which our hunger\\nwas offered up as a sacrifice. The other, that I\\nwas now sitting in a damp room a circumstance,\\nthough it had hitherto escaped my notice, from\\nthe colour of the bricks, which was by no means\\nto be neglected in a valetudinary state.\\nMy wife, who, besides discharging excellently\\nwell her own and all the tender offices becoming\\nthe female character who, besides being a faith-\\nful friend, an amiable companion, and a tender\\nnurse, could likewise supply the wants of a\\ndecrepit husband, and occasionally perform his\\npart, had, before this, discovered the immoderate\\nattention to neatness in Mrs. Francis, and pro-\\nvided against its ill consequences. She had\\nfound, though, not under the same roof, a very\\nsnug apartment belonging to Mr. Francis, and\\nwhich had escaped the mop by his wife s being sat-\\nisfied it could not possibly be visited by gentlefolks.\\nThis was a dry, warm, oaken-floored barn,\\nlined on both sides with wheaten straw, and\\nopening at one end into a green field, and a beau-\\ntiful prospect. Here, without hesitation, she\\nordered the cloth to be laid, and came hastily to\\nsnatch me from worse perils by water than the\\ncommon dangers of the sea.\\nMrs. Francis, who could not trust her own", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0331.jp2"}, "332": {"fulltext": "304 Appendix IV\\nears, or could not believe a footman in so extra-\\nordinary a phenomenon, followed my wife, and\\nasked her if she had indeed ordered the cloth to\\nbe laid in the barn she answered in the affirma-\\ntive upon which Mrs. Francis declared she\\nwould not dispute her pleasure, but it vv^as the\\nfirst time, she believed, that quality had ever pre-\\nferred a barn to a house. She showed at the\\nsame time the most pregnant marks of contempt,\\nand again lamented the labour she had under-\\ngone through her ignorance of the absurd taste\\nof her guests.\\nAt length Vv^e were seated in one of the most\\npleasant spots I believe in the kingdom, and\\nwere regaled with our beans and bacon, in which\\nthere was nothing deficient but the quantity.\\nThis defect was, however, so deplorable that we\\nhad consumed our whole dish before we had\\nvisibly lessened our hunger. We now waited\\nwith impatience the arrival of our second course,\\nwhich necessity and not luxury had dictated.\\nThis was a joint of mutton, which Mrs. Francis\\nhad been ordered to provide but when, being\\ntired with expectation, we ordered our servants\\nio see for something else, we were informed that\\nthere was nothing else on which Mrs. Francis,\\nbeing summoned, declared there were no such\\nthing as m.utton to be had at Ryde. When I ex-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0332.jp2"}, "333": {"fulltext": "Appendix IV 305\\npressed some astonishment at their having no\\nbutcher in a village so situated, she answered they\\nhad a very good one^ and one that killed all sorts\\nof meat in season, beef two or three times a year,\\nand mutton the whole year round but that, it be-\\ning then beans and peas time, he killed no meat,\\nby reason he was not sure of selling it. This\\nshe had not thought worthy of communication,\\nany more than that there lived a fisherman at next\\ndoor, who was then provided with plenty of soals,\\nand whitings, and lobsters, far superior to those\\nwhich adorn a city feast. This discovery being\\nmade by accident, we completed the best, the\\npleasantest, and the merriest meal, with more ap-\\npetite, more real, solid luxury, and more festivity,\\nthan was ever seen in an entertainment at White s.\\nIt may be wondered at, perhaps, that Mrs.\\nFrancis should be so negligent of providing for\\nher guests, as she may seem to be thus inattentive\\nto her own interest but this was not the case\\nfor, having clapped a poll-tax on our heads at our\\narrival, and determined at what price to discharge\\nour bodies from her house, the less she suffered\\nany other to share in the levy, the clearer it came\\ninto her own pocket and that it was better to\\nget twelve pence in a shilling than ten pence,\\nwhich latter would be the case if she afforded us\\nfish at any rate.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0333.jp2"}, "334": {"fulltext": "3o6 Appendix IV\\nThus we past a most agreeable day owing to\\ngood appetites and good humour two hearty\\nfeeders which will devour with satisfaction what-\\never food you place before them whereas, with-\\nout these, the elegance of St. James s, the chard,\\nthe perigord-pie, or the ortolan, the vension, the\\nturtle, or the custard, may titillate the throat, but\\nwill never convey happiness to the heart or cheer-\\nfulness to the countenance.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0334.jp2"}, "335": {"fulltext": "Index\\nAddison, Joseph, 25, 139,\\n176, 213.\\nAdvice to the Nymphs of\\nNewS -m (1730), 54.\\nAitken, George A., 291, 292.\\nAllen, Ralph, of Prior Park,\\n33, 163, 164, 165, 207 n.,\\n209, 259, 269, 279, 289,\\n291, 292.\\nAmelia, 25, 105, 147,\\n207; published Dec, 175 1,\\n209 advertising expedi-\\nents, 210; compared with\\nTom Jones, 211-213;\\nits characteristics and\\nheroine, 214-227; her\\nportrait, 217-219, 227,\\n234, 240, 262, 265.\\nAndrew, Sarah, 9, 10, 277-\\n285.\\nApology for the Clergy,\\nAn, 88.\\nArne, Dr. Thomas Augus-\\ntine, 8.\\nAthencBUftiy 255 letter to,\\nreprinted, 277, 278 Field-\\ning s undated will, 291,\\n292.\\nAuthor s Farce, The, pro-\\nduced March, 1730, 20;\\ncharacters, 21; quoted.\\n22, 23, 24; revised, 1734,\\n43; quoted, 44-46, 54,\\n95. 214.\\nBedford, John, Duke of,\\n163-165, 204, 288.\\nBooth, Barton, 14, 41, 47.\\nBorrow, George, quoted,\\n255.\\nBronte, Charlotte, 88 n.\\nCentilivre, Mrs., 31.\\nChampion, The, 20; first\\nnumber, Nov. 15, 1793,\\n84; its scheme, 85, 86;\\nthemes, 87 contributions,\\n88-90 attacks on Gibber,\\n91-93; concluding paper,\\n96, 97, 113, 125, 137,\\n141, 145, 226, 258, 263.\\nCharge to the Grand Jury\\n(1749), 203, 205.\\nClarke, Mrs. Charlotte, Col-\\nley Gibber s daughter, 65,\\n693 7i\u00c2\u00bb 95-\\nGibber, Golley, 14, 15, 23,\\n41, 46, 47, 62, 87, 89, 90,\\n94, 95, 108, 126, 127.\\nGibber, Theophilus, 32, 41,\\n42, 43,46,49,70, 71,74,\\n95-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0335.jp2"}, "336": {"fulltext": "3o8\\nindex\\nClear State of the Case\\nof Elizabeth Canning\\n(1753), 229-232.\\nClive, Mrs. (Miss Raftor),\\n26, 32, 41, 42, 43, 49, 70,\\n123, I33\u00c2\u00bb 257, 290.\\nCoffee House Politician,\\nThe or, The Justice\\ncaught in his own Trap\\n(1730), 25, 213, 240.\\nColeridge, quoted, 173, 182,\\n,183.\\nCoveni-Gardenjournaly 220\\nfirst number, Jan. 4, 1752,\\n223 quality of Fielding s\\ncontributions, 225, 226,\\n234, 271.\\nCovent-Garden Tragedy\\n(1732), 26, 31, 126, 268.\\nCradock, Charlotte, Field-\\ning s first wife, 52, 54, 57,\\n283.\\nDaniel, Mary (Fielding s\\nsecond wife), 157, 158,\\n247.\\nDavid Simple, preface to,\\n152, 153, 204.\\nDavidson, James, quoted,\\n282-4.\\nDebauchees, The or, the\\nJesuit Caught (1732),\\n26.\\nDeborah or, A Wife for\\nyou all (acted in 1733,\\nnever printed), 41.\\nDescription of U n\\nG (alias New Hog s\\nNorton in Com. Hants\\n(1728), 19.\\nDickens, 108.\\nDon Quixote in England\\n(1734), II; expanded\\nand strengthened, 46-49,\\n62, 262.\\nDryden, 28.\\nEdwards, Thomas, quoted,\\n243-4 n.\\nEnquiry into the Causes of\\nthe late Increase of Rob-\\nbers, etc., with some Pro-\\nposals for remedying this\\ngrowing Evil (1751),\\n205-7, 263, 290.\\nEssay on Conversation\\n(1740), 113.\\nEurydice (i737). 77.\\n136.\\nEurydice Hiss d or, a\\nWord to the Wise\\n(1737), 77\u00c2\u00bb78, 81.\\nExamples of the Interposi-\\ntion of Providence, in the\\nDetection and Punish-\\nment of Murder (1752),\\n228.\\nFielding, Anne (Fielding s\\nsister), 5.\\nFielding, Allen (Fielding s\\nson), 268, 269, 292.\\nFielding, Charlotte Cradock\\n(Fielding s first wife), 83,\\n146, 147, 151, 152.\\nFielding, Edmund (Field-\\ning s father), 3, 82.\\nFielding, Edmund (Field-\\ning s brother), 5.\\nFielding, Eleanor Harriet\\n(Fielding s daughter), 15 1,\\n268, 291, 292.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0336.jp2"}, "337": {"fulltext": "Index\\n309\\nFielding, Henry, his an-\\ncestry, 1-3; birth, 3;\\nparents, 4 removal to\\nEast Stour, 4; mother s\\ndeath, 5 first teacher,\\nMr. Oliver, 6 life at\\nEton, 6-9; school-fellows\\nof note, 8 contemporaries,\\n8; earhest recorded love-\\naffair, 9-I1; one of his\\nearliest literary efforts,\\n1 1 return from Leyden\\nUniversity to London, 12;\\nhis father s second mar-\\nriage, 12 choice of a pro-\\nfession, 12; portrait by\\nHogarth, 12; first dra-\\nmatic essay, Love in\\nSeveral Masques, 14 its\\nfavorable reception, 17;\\nthe Masquerade, a\\npoem, 19; A Descrip-\\ntion of U n G\\n(alias *New Hog s Nor-\\nton in Com. Hants, 19;\\nTo Euthalia, 19; be-\\nginning of his real con-\\nnection with the stage,\\n19; the Temple Beau,\\n20 The Author s Farce\\nand The Pleasures of the\\nTown, 20-24 rapid\\nproduction of comedies\\nand farces, 24; the\\nCoffee House Politician,\\n25 Letter Writers, 25\\nGrub Street Opera, 26;\\nLottery, 26 Modern\\nHusband, 26 Covent-\\nGarden Tragedy, 26\\nDebauchees, 26; Tom\\nThumb, 27-31 the\\nMock-Doctor, an adap-\\ntation of Moliere s Medi-\\ncin malgrehii,^^ 31\\nfurther levies upon\\nMoliere, 32; version of\\nVAvare, 32; the\\nMiser, 33 financial\\nstraits, 33-36; character-\\nistics at 25, 34; effect of\\nhis mode of living upon\\nhis work, 35 rapidity and\\ncarelessness of production,\\n36; burlesqued in Au-\\nthor s Will, 36, 37;\\nidentity confused with that\\nof Timothy Fielding, 38-\\n41 Deborah, 41 the\\nIntriguing Chamber-\\nmaid, 41-46; revised\\nversion of the Author s\\nFarce, 41-46; Don\\nQuixote in England, 46-\\n49 An Old Man taught\\nWisdom, 49; The Uni-\\nversal Gallant, 45-51\\nfirst marriage, 5 1 love-\\npoems, 53-56; life at\\nEast Stour, 57 the\\nGreat Tvlogul s Company\\nof Comedians, 62;\\nPasquin, 62-70 Fatal\\nCuriosity, 70 Histori-\\ncal Register, 70-72;\\neffect of the Licensing\\nAct, 72-76; playwright\\ncareer closed, 76 Miss\\nLucy in Town, 77\\nWedding Day, 77\\nGood Natured Man,\\n77; Tumble-Down", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0337.jp2"}, "338": {"fulltext": "3TO\\nIndex\\nDick, 77; Eurydice,\\n77 Eurydice Hiss d,\\n77, 78; admission to the\\nMiddle Temple, 82\\nways as a Templar, 82,\\n83 literary work, 84\\nTrue Greatness, 84\\nconnection with the\\nChauipion^ 84, 85, 87-90\\nattacked in Gibber s\\nApology, 90, 91 reply\\nthereto, 91 animosity to\\nGibber, 94, 95 call to the\\nbar, 96 Of True Great-\\nness, 97 Vernoniad,\\n97 The Opposition, a\\nVision, 98 the Crisis,\\n98 devotion to his profes-\\nsion, 99; Joseph An-\\ndrews, 100, 104-120;\\neffect of Richardson s\\nPamela, 103 assign-\\nment of Joseph An-\\ndrews to Andrew Mil-\\nlar, 119; Vindication of\\nthe Duchess of Marl-\\nborough, 121, 1 22; Miss\\nLucy in Town, 123, 124;\\ntranslation of Plutus, the\\nGod of Riches, 124, 125;\\nrelations with Pope, 125,\\n126; The Wedding\\nDay and Garrick, 128-\\n131 three volumes of\\nMiscellanies, 132, 133;\\nessays On Conversation,\\nOn the Knowledge of\\nthe Character of Men,\\nOn Nothing, etc.,\\n134-136; A Journey\\nfrom this World to the\\nNext, 136-I41; Jona-\\nthan Wild, 141-145;\\ndomestic history and death\\nof first wife, 145-150;\\nchildren by his first wife,\\n151; Preface to David\\nSimple, 152, 153; Pref-\\nace to Familiar Letters,\\n153; the True Patriot\\n154; the Jacobite s Jour-\\nnaly 154, 155; second\\nmarriage, 156, 157 Justice\\nof the Peace for West-\\nminster and Middlesex,\\n159; Tom Jones, 162-\\n166, 172-199; a new\\nProvince of Writing fore-\\nseen, 168 a humiliating\\nanecdote, 200, 201;\\nchairman of Quarter Ses-\\nsions, 203 charge to the\\nWestminster Grand Jury,\\n203, 204 serious illness,\\n205 An Enquiry into\\nthe Causes of the late In-\\ncrease of Robbers, etc.,\\n205,206; connection with\\nthe Glastonbury waters,\\n208, 209 Amelia, 209-\\n218; the author s apology\\nfor the book, 220-222 the\\nCovent- Garden Journal^\\n223-227 Examples of\\nthe Interposition of Provi-\\ndence, 228 Proposal\\nfor making an Effectual\\nProvision for the Poor,\\n229 the Clear State of\\nthe Case of Elizabeth\\nCanning, 229-232 the\\nbeginning of the end, 233,", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0338.jp2"}, "339": {"fulltext": "Index\\n3\\n234 poor law projects,\\n234-236; Journal of a\\nVoyage to Lisbon, 236,\\n237 scheme for the pre-\\nvention of murders and\\nrobberies, 238, 239 fail-\\ning health, 239-241 de-\\nparture for Lisbon, 243;\\nincidents of the journey,\\n245-249; letter to John\\nFielding, 249, 250; ar-\\nrival at Lisbon, 253;\\ndeath and burial, 253,\\n254 tomb and epitaph,\\n254\u00c2\u00bb 255; portrait, 255-\\n258; bust, 258 n. char-\\nacter, 259-262; work,\\n262-266 family, 267-\\n272; posthumous works,\\n273-275 library, 275,\\n276; romantic attachment\\nfor Sarah Andrews, 279-\\n285 Mrs. Hussey s testi-\\nmony, 286-290; his will,\\n291, 292; incidents of the\\nvoyage to Lisbon, 293-\\n306.\\nFielding, John (Fielding s\\nhalf-brother, afterward Sir\\nJohn), 202, 241, 249,\\n269, 270, 271, 292.\\nFielding, John, Canon of\\nSalisbury (Fielding s\\ngrandfather), 3.\\nFieldmg, Louisa (Fielding s\\ndaughter), 268.\\nFielding, Mary Amelia\\n(Fielding s daughter), 268.\\nFielding, Mary Daniel\\n(Fielding s second wife),\\n157, 246, 269, 291.\\nFielding, Sarah (Fielding s\\nsister, author of David\\nSimple 5, 50, 270.\\nFielding, Sarah Gould\\n(Fielding s mother), 3, 5.\\nFielding, Sophia (Fielding s\\ndaughter), 268, 269, 291,\\n292.\\nFielding, Timothy, a third-\\nrate actor, 38, 39, 40.\\nFielding, William (Field-\\ning s son), 158, 268, 269,\\n292.\\nFox, Henry, Lord Holland,\\n8, 133.\\nGarrick, David, 15, 97;\\nGarrick and The Wed-\\nding Day, 128-131; 133,\\n275, 289.\\nGeneste, 20, 32, 38,\\n47.\\nGentleman s Magazine, 100,\\n158, 175, 188, 229, 233.\\nGeorge Eliot, quoted, 168.\\nGoldsmith, Oliver, 107.\\nGood-Natured Man, The\\nFathers; or. The (1779),\\n77, 128; story of its loss\\nand recovery, 273-275.\\nGould, Judge Henry (Field-\\ning s cousin), 99.\\nGould, Sir Henry, Knt.\\n(Fielding s grandfather),\\n3\u00c2\u00bb4.\\nGray, Thomas, 9, 118, 119,\\nGrub Street Opera\\n(1731). 26.\\nHenley, John, the Clare-\\nMarker Orator, 20.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0339.jp2"}, "340": {"fulltext": "312\\nIndex\\nHill, Aaron, 189, 194.\\nHill, the Misses, 190-192,\\n194.\\nHill, Dr. John, 223.\\nHistorical Register for the\\nYear 1736 (1737), 70,\\n7i\u00c2\u00bb 73, 75\u00c2\u00bb 76, 81, 262.\\nHogarth, William, 12, 31,\\n32, 48, 69; Fielding s\\ntestimony to his merits,\\n89, 90 n., 100, 102, III,\\n112, 113, 155, 197, 206,\\n217, 241 n., 254, 255,\\n256, 257, 265, 2S9.\\nHooke, Nathaniel, 121, 122,\\n289.\\nHunter, William, 246.\\nHurd, Rev. R., Bishop of\\nWorcester, quoted, 207 n.\\nHussey, Mrs., 286-288.\\nIntriguing Chamber-\\nmaid, The (1734), 4i\u00c2\u00bb\\n43. 46.\\nJacobite s Journal (1747),\\n154; extract, 155, 159,\\n162, 165, 189, 204, 223,\\n260.\\nJohnson, Samuel, 20, 121,\\n133, 185, 188, 219.\\nJonathan Wild the Great,\\nHistory of the Life of the\\nlate Mr., description,\\n141-145, 262, 264.\\nJoseph Andrews, The\\nHistory of the Adventures\\nof, and of his Friend Mr.\\nAbraham Adams (1742),\\n6, 89, 94; personages,\\n104-109; details and de-\\nscriptions, 109-I11; per-\\nsonal portraiture, 1 1 1-\\n114, 114-116; Richard-\\nson and the author, 116\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n119; assignment to Mil-\\nlar, 119, 120, 126, 132,\\n136, 145, 148, 161, 162,\\n165, 166, 167, 176, 180,\\n213, 252, 264.\\nJourney from this World to\\nthe Next, _ A, 34, 54;\\nplan description and ex-\\ntracts, 136-141, 151, 289.\\nKeightley, Thomas (Field-\\ning s biographer), 4, 6,\\n19, 52, 58, 59\u00c2\u00bb 82, 84,\\n107, 144 n., 146, 150,\\n175, 201, 213, 268, 279,\\n280, 281, 282, 284, 285.\\nLang, Andrew, quoted,\\n168 n.\\nLatreille, Frederick, sub-\\nstance of article in Notes\\na7id Queries, 39-41.\\nLawrence, Frederick (Field-\\ning s biographer), 32,\\n92, 94, 96, 107, 124, 131,\\n158, 201, 209, 225, 272;\\nquoted, 277, 278, 280,\\n284.\\nVAvare (1733), a ver-\\nsion of, 32.\\nLetter Writers, The or,\\nA New Way to Keep a\\nWife at Home (1731),\\n25-\\nLife and Death of Com-\\nmon-Sense (See Pas-", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0340.jp2"}, "341": {"fulltext": "Index\\n313\\nquin description and\\nextracts, 65-69.\\nLondon Daily Advertiser^\\n208, 224.\\nLove in Several Masques\\n(1728), 15, 17, 18, 23,\\n24.\\nLowell, James Russell,\\nquoted, 258 n.\\nLyttleton, George, 8, 33, 94,\\n158, 163, 164, 165, 170,\\n201, 204, 224 n., 259,\\n272, 289.\\nMacaulay, Thomas Bab-\\nbington, 262.\\nMasquerade, the (1728),\\n18.\\nMillar, Andrew, 119, 133,\\n166, 167, 187, 209, 210,\\n219, 261.\\nMiscellanies (1743), u,\\n19, 84, 9M9\u00c2\u00bb 122, 124,\\n129, 131, 132, 136, 141,\\n142, 145, 146, 152, 153,\\n236.\\nMiser, the (1733), 38,\\n41.\\nMiss Lucy in Town\\n(1742), 77, 79, 122, 123,\\n127.\\nMock-Doctor, The or The\\nDumb Lady cur d\\n(1732), 31, 128.\\nModern Husband, The\\n(1732), 26, 31, 213.\\nMontagu, Lady Mary Wort-\\nley (Fielding s second\\ncousin), 3, 18, 24,26, 36;\\nquoted, 60, 126, 147,\\n148, 181, 196, 215, 259.\\nMurphy, Arthur, 5, 7, 11,\\ni3\u00c2\u00bb 33\u00c2\u00bb 57\u00c2\u00bb 59\u00c2\u00bb 78-80, 82,\\n84, 113, 146, I47\u00c2\u00bb 202,\\n216, 226 n., 236, 256,\\n257, 258 n., 259, 273,\\n274.\\nOdell, Thomas, 19.\\nOf Good-nature, 134.\\nOf the Remedy of Afflic-\\ntion for the Loss of our\\nFriends, 136, 146.\\nOf True Greatness\\n(1741), 84, 97\u00c2\u00bb 134.\\nOldfield, Mrs. Anne, 14, 17,\\n18.\\nOld Man taught Wisdom,\\nAn (1735), 49.\\nOliver, Mr. (Fielding s first\\ntutor), 6, 113.\\nOn Conversation, 134.\\nOn Nothing, 134.\\nOn the Choice of a Wife,\\n134.\\nOn the Knowlege of the\\nCharacter of Men, 34,\\n135-\\nOpposition, The, a Vision\\n(1739), 98.\\nPasquin, a Dramatic\\nSatire on the Times: be-\\ning the rehearsal of two\\nPlays, viz, a Comedy\\ncall d the Election, and a\\nTragedy call d the Life\\nand Death of Common-\\nSense (1736), 16, 51;\\nplot, incidents and ex-\\ntracts, 62-70, 72, 73, 75,\\n76,77, 88,95, 126,262.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0341.jp2"}, "342": {"fulltext": "3M\\nIndex\\nPelham, Sir Henry, 229,\\n242.\\nPitt, William, Earl of Chat-\\nham, 8, 133, 163.\\nPlanche, Gustave, quoted,\\n211.\\nPleasures of the Town,\\nThe (1730), 20.\\nPope, Alexander, 95, 96,\\n97, loi, 113, 125, 126,\\n127, 133.\\nPratt, Charles, Earl Cam-\\nden, 8, 99.\\nFrofHpiery the, quoted, 50.\\nProposal for Making an\\nEffectual Provision for the\\nPoor (1753), 229.\\nRaftor, Miss, see Mrs.\\nClive.\\nRalph, James (Fielding s\\ncolleague on the Cha??i-\\npion), 20, 85, 89, 97, 127.\\nRichardson, John, 14, 42,\\n69, 77.\\nRichardson, Samuel, li,\\n52; his Pamela, loi-\\n112, 117, 133, 147, 155,\\n188, 189, 190, 192, 195,\\n196, 219, 222, 243 n., 264,\\n274.\\nRoberts, George, Mayor of\\nLyme, 9 quoted, 278,\\n281, 282, 284.\\nSaintsbury, Prof., quoted,\\n261, n.\\nScriblerus Secundus (Field-\\ning s pseudonym), 20, 25,\\n27.\\nScott, Sir Walter, 202;\\nquoted, 210, 225, 254.\\nSheridan, Thomas, the actor,\\n108.\\nSheridan, Richard, B. B.,\\n275-\\nSmith, J. T., quoted, 286-\\n288.\\nSmollett, Tobias George, I,\\n40 quoted, 159, 224,\\n252, 259.\\nSouthey, Robert, quoted,\\n268.\\nSteele, Sir Richard, 139,\\n140.\\nStephen, Leslie, quoted, 260.\\nSterne, Laurence, 107.\\nStuart, Lady Louisa, 53,\\n148, 150; quoted, 156,\\n158, 202.\\nSwift, Jonathan, 30, 56.\\nTemple Beau, The\\n(1730), 19, 20, 85.\\nThackeray, William Make-\\npeace, 83.\\nTo Celia, 55, 56.\\nTo Euthalia (1728), 19.\\nThomas, Margaret, 258 n.\\nTom Jones, a Foundling,\\nThe History of (1749),\\n6, 7, 10, 52, 80, 105, III,\\n145, 162, 164, 165, 166;\\nconstruction of the plot,\\n169-175 the characters,\\n176-183; the author s\\nhumour, irony, humanity,\\n184-188; its reception,\\n188; Richardson s atti-\\ntude, 189, 192-196; Aa-\\nron Hill s daughters and", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0342.jp2"}, "343": {"fulltext": "Index\\n315\\nthe book, 190-192; trans-\\nlators and illustrators, 196,\\n197 adaptations for the\\nstage, 197-199, 206, 211,\\n212, 213, 217, 226, 233,\\n241 n., 264, 265, 278,\\n279, 288, 290.\\nThomas, Nat. Lee, 27.\\nTragedy of Tragedies or,\\nthe Life and Death of\\nTom Thumb the Great\\n(1730), description and ex-\\ntracts, 27-31, 126, 262.\\nTumble-Down Dick;* or,\\nPhaeton in the Suds\\n(I737)\u00c2\u00bb77-\\nTrue Patriot (1745), 15 1,\\n152, 154, 156, 162, 165,\\n263.\\nTrue State of the Case of\\nBosavern Penlez, A\\n(1749), 204.\\nUniversal Gallant, The\\nor. The different Hus-\\nbands (i735)\u00c2\u00bb 49, 5^\\n58, 59.\\nVeal, Captain Richard, 252.\\nVernoniad (1741), 97,\\n100.\\nVindication of the Duch-\\ness of Marlborough\\n(1742), 121, 122.\\nVirgin Unmasked, 49,\\n123.\\nVoyage to Lisbon, Journal\\nof a (1755), 151, 158,\\n228, 236, 237, 241 quot-\\ned, 244, 245, 247, 249,\\n252, 253, 257, 261, 273,\\n275, 281 extracts, 293-\\n306.\\nWalpole, Horace, 9, 123,\\n127, 133, 163; quoted,\\n167, 200, 201, 203, 207,\\n247, 259, 272, 274.\\nWalpole, Sir Robert, 34, 7 1,\\n126, 144 n.\\nWalter, Peter, 113.\\nWard, Dr. Joshua, 241.\\nWarton, Joseph, quoted,\\n161, 162.\\nWedding Day, the (1743),\\n77, 128, 132, 136.\\nWelch, Saunders, 245, 246,\\n251, 271.\\nWilks, Robert, 14, 15, 23,\\n27\u00c2\u00bb 41, 43.\\nWilliams, Sir Charles Han-\\nbury, 8, 133, 274.\\nWinnington, Thomas, 8,\\ni33\u00c2\u00bb 205.\\nWoffington, Mrs., 1 1, 133.\\nWraxall, Sir Nathaniel, 254.\\nYoRKE, Philip, Lord Hard-\\nwicke, 205, 290.\\nYoung, Edward, 28, 133.\\nYoung, Rev. William, 1 1 2,\\n120, 124, 125, 226.", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0343.jp2"}, "344": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0344.jp2"}, "345": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0345.jp2"}, "346": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0346.jp2"}, "347": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0347.jp2"}, "348": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4056", "width": "2372", "jp2-path": "henryfieldingmem00dobs_0348.jp2"}}