{"1": {"fulltext": "wm\\nWffliffffiffHMMflllllfrlllfMi\\ni_\u00c2\u00a3", "height": "4181", "width": "3089", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "Pass P/J3 J17\\nBook ^L_3", "height": "4166", "width": "3145", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4166", "width": "3145", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "A REPORT\\nUPON THE\\nerculaneum $tamt\u00c2\u00a3crit tsi,\\nIN A\\nSECOND LETTER,\\nADDRESSED, BY PERMISSION,\\nTO HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS\\nTHE\\nPRINCE REGENT,\\nBY THE\\nREV. JOHN HAYTER, A.M.\\nCHAPLAIN IN ORDINARY TO THE PRINCE,\\nAND HIS SUPERINTENDENT OF THOSE MANUSCRIPTS.\\n/7Z-\\npraebetur Origo\\nPer Cinerem. Claudian.\\nEontwm:\\nPRINTED FOR RICHARD PHILLIPS, No. 7, BRIDGE STREET;\\nBY GEORGE SIDNEY, NORTHUMBERLAND STREET, STRAND.\\n1811.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "i\\\\", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "PREFATORY REMARK.\\nTwo or three references are necessarily made in\\nthis Second Letter to the First, which was ad-\\ndressed to the same Illustrious Personage. For\\nthis reason a new and corrected Edition of that\\nFirst Letter is subjoined to the present.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "TO\\nHIS ROYAL HIGHNESS\\nTHE\\nPRINCE REGENT.\\nSir,\\nIt must be regarded by every person,\\nas a very distinguished honour to me, to have\\nbeen selected by your Royal Highness for the\\narduous and important charge, and direction of\\nrestoring to light the contents of the celebrated\\nHerculaneum Manuscripts.\\nBefore my departure from England, in 1 800,\\nI was most graciously permitted to represent the\\nwhole scope of this literary mission, in a printed\\nB", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "2\\nletter, addressed to your Royal Highness, as the\\ngreat and illustrious Patron of the undertaking.\\nSince my return, that letter has, with the same\\ngracious permission, been reprinted, in order to\\ncorrect some errors, which a want of local, as\\nwell as accurate, information had unavoidably\\noccasioned.\\nBut of infinitely more consequence is the\\nadvantage, which I now enjoy, of addressing to\\nyour Royal Highness, in this letter, a faithful\\nand detailed account of every circumstance,\\ntransaction, and occurrence, which, in any man-\\nner, are connected with the nature, the com-\\nmencement, the prosecution, and the result of\\nthe undertaking, of which the successful, at least\\nvery promising, course was interrupted, most\\nunfortunately, in the year 1806, by the French\\ninvasion of the Neapolitan territory. Hence it\\nwill clearly appear, I most confidently trust, that,\\nnotwithstanding that invasion, notwithstanding", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "3\\nall the weakness, the ignorance, the jealousy,\\nand the treachery, which, from several quarters,\\nvtfere conducive to the purpose of impeding, or\\ncounteracting, the progress of my labours, yet\\nthe Commands of your Royal Highness, in this\\nmost princely work, have been executed to a\\ngreater extent, than could have been reasonably\\npresumed. In truth, the fac simile copies of\\nninety-four manuscripts, lately transferred, by\\nyour wise and munificent donation, through the\\nhands of that most distinguished, both scholar\\nand statesman, that, upon every consideration,\\nmost respectable nobleman, Lord Grenville, to\\nthe University of Oxford, will, unquestionably,\\nserve to immortalize your name in every future\\ngeneration, more especially of the learned world.\\nNor was your Royal interposition, in this\\ninstance, merely glorious it was, happily, too,\\nmost seasonable. In any court, where an indif-\\nference, to any degree, prevails against the pur-\\nB 2", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "4\\nsuits, and interests of knowledge, and erudition in\\ngeneral, treasures, inestimable treasures, of anci-\\nent literature, like these manuscripts of Hercula-\\nneum, although composed in the two classical\\nlanguages, could not engage a single thought,\\nmuch less any regard, or attention whatsoever.\\nBesides, the crisis itself, and, particularly, the\\nruinous expences of a war with the common\\nenemy, rendered it nearly impracticable for the\\nembarrassed sovereign of the two Sicilies, even if\\nhe had been so disposed, to promote the attain-\\nment of literary objects, by dedicating to them\\nany part of his concern, or of his revenue.\\nYou, most illustrious Sir, are the only Royal\\nPersonage, at the present era, of those high and\\ndisinterested sentiments, which, renouncing every\\npersonal view, every selfish regard, excite a phi-\\nlanthropic zeal, an humane ambition, to form and\\nto advance any great design, which may tend to\\nsome laudable and beneficial end. To yourself", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "alone these despondent relics of old Greece and\\nRome could have had recourse for the vindica-\\ntion of their merits, and even for the protection\\nof their existence. To the Prince of Wales alone\\ncould they, with any hope of success, offer their\\nsupplications in the language of a former and\\nsimilar occasion, in these expressions of\\nMaQrifJLCtgi vvv Ts UctXouwv\\nBut, in estimating their claim upon your\\nRoyal interference, it should be recollected, these\\nManuscripts relied not only upon the two classical\\nlanguages, in which they are written, but also upon\\ntheir age itself, which outruns the date of any\\nother Manuscripts upon earth. Why should I\\nsay their age In truth, the date of their very\\nloss exceeds by centuries the age, howsoever great\\nit may be, of all other books and autographs,", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "6\\nwhich have survived the wreck of ancient learn-\\ning and their developement, although it obtained\\nthe acquisition of solitary unconnected characters,\\nwould, as furnishing a criterion of orthography,\\nor literal delineation, furnish Jewels richer than\\nthe whole tribe of all other ancient books, and\\nautographs.\\nIt should not be omitted, that their value is\\nincalculably enhanced by the local eminence of\\ntheir discovery. The Romans took possession of\\nHerculaneum, U. C. 460. A. C. 293. Jam\\nServilius, Livy informs us, Volanam, et\\nPalumbinum, et Herculaneum, in Samnitibus\\nceperat. Ad Herculaneum bis etiam signis\\ncollatis ancipiti prselio. As belonging to the\\nSamnites, whose language is evidently of oriental\\nextraction, it may not improbably in its name\\ncombine terms the same with those of the\\nHebrew* mountain, and vp burn-\\nIt is a circumstance extremely curious, that, in one of the most\\nlearned and popular Journals, this etymology is reprehended, because the", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "ing. Should this etymological conjecture be\\ndeemed not altogether admissible, it must,\\nhowever, be confessed, that it is at least recom-\\nmended to some notice by the situation of the\\ncity itself. Besides, the impending Vesuvius is\\ngenerally stated by antiquarians to derive its\\nappellation from the oriental Xtf or fr^t\u00c2\u00a3^\\nfire. Hence Vesuv among the Tuscans, who\\nare fond of the u, and then Begfiiog, and then\\nVesuvius. Vesta is supposed to be of the same\\norigin. Strabo calls the mountain Oveggmov.\\nDion. Hal. Ovegfiiov. Galen says, *Oi owpifisgTspoi\\nBsgovfiiov 9 ovo[/.\u00c2\u00a3Zovgiv tq$* svSo%ov 9 aon veov ovopdi rov Ko pov\\nmountain was not burning antecedently to the time when Herculaneum\\nwas destroyed. But the Journalist might have reflected, that, as no\\nwritten record of a prior eruption existed, yet we are told by Strabo, that\\nthe soil and appearance of the mountain itself exhibited sufficient record\\nof eruption, or eruptions. In excavating the two cities of Herculaneum\\nand Pompeii, volcanic strata were found under the houses and the streets,\\nand the streets themselves are paved, and the houses are builded, with\\nvolcanic stones and lava.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "8\\nBs;(Ziov. Varro calls it Vesubius, and Vesuius.\\nVirgil and Suetonius, Vesevus. Columella, Sta-\\ntius, Martial, Silius Italicus, and Val. Flaccus,\\ndifferently.\\nThis enumeration of various names is in-\\ntroduced here for the sole purpose of inferring,\\nwith some apparent authority, that, as both the\\nGreeks and Romans are so vague in expressing\\nthe denomination of Vesuvius, they had\\nderived it from some Eastern language, from\\nwhich the name, Herculaneum, is, therefore,\\nwith as much probability, derived. It may not\\nbe improper, perhaps, to subjoin, that the Greeks\\nvery commonly articulated a foreign aspirate by\\nB, and the Romans by V.\\nAccording to all historians, the Samnites\\nwere a nation both warlike and powerful. Eo\\nanno (U. C. 412, A. C. 340,) adversus Samnites,\\ngentem opibus, armisque validam, nota arma.\\nA piece of marble, preserved in the Royal", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "9\\nMuseum of Portici, has an inscription in Samni-\\ntical characters.\\nm u s s e t a t n e r eh\\nSum Sacra Tabula\\nThis stone, thus inscribed, was found in\\nHerculaneum, which, of course, was Samnitical.\\nBesides, as it could resist a besieging army, even\\nof the Romans, it must have been a place of\\nsome strength and consideration. If we suppose,\\nthat the Osci, Tyrrheni, or Tusci, and Pelasgi,\\nand Samnites, were not the same, the antiquity\\nof Herculaneum becomes more respectable.\\nOgaoi is ^si^ov mi txvtw (Herculaneum) x i rw s ps%ris\\nH0fJL7TCLlCLV SlTOL TVpftqVQl, KOLl TLsAxsyOl* MsTfc TOLVTCZ\\nXoifJLv lTOU. OVTOI i* S%S7TS$0V SK T V TQ7TU)P.\\nThis passage of the Geographer, compared\\nwith that of Dionysius Hal. assigns a very\\nremote period to the existence of this city.\\nc", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "10\\nv O !s fflovos, iv w to TleXctsyucov xcutovs oii *)p\u00c2\u00a3aTo, fevTepa,\\nysvsoi qysiov wpo ruv Tpwtmv iysvsTo. It must strike\\nour attention, somewhat forcibly, in support of a\\nclaim to remote antiquity, that the inscription\\nmust be read, like Eastern Languages, from the\\nright hand to the left.\\nThe political state of Herculaneum, whe-\\nther it were a settlement of Phoenicians, or of\\nother Asiaticks, cannot be traced with any exact-\\nness, or conclusive deduction, from facts and\\ncircumstances, at any epocha earlier, than that\\nof the Roman dominion. It can only be argued\\npresumptively from Strabo, that it might have\\nbeen of the twelve cities, which formed the\\ndynasty of the Tuscans in Campania. The\\nopposition, it made to the victorious legions of\\nRome, the municipal rights which it enjoyed\\nafter its subjugation, clearly indicate some pros-\\nperity, and some importance in the estimation of\\nthe conqueror.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "11\\nHerculaneum is twice called Municipium,\\nthat is, in an inscription, which I saw in the\\nRoyal Museum at Portici; and again, in another\\ninscription, which Julius Caesar Capaccio produces.\\nThat of the Royal Museum runs,\\nM. Memmio M. F. Rufo Patri\\nMunicipes.\\nAnd is sanctioned, should more proof and au-\\nthorities be demanded, by a brass plate, which at\\nonce evinces the municipal privileges of this\\ncity to the most scrupulous investigator.\\nT. Claudio, Drusi. F.\\nCaesari. Augusti.\\nGermanico.\\nPont:. Max: Trib: Pot: 8.\\nImp: 16. Cos. 2.\\nPatri. Patriae. Cens.\\nEx Testimenti Messii L. F. M. A.\\nSenecae.\\nc 2", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "12\\nMilitisCoh: 10 Urbanae, et\\nDedicationi ejus legavit\\nMuicipibus\\nSingulis HS. MI n.\\nFrom some inscribed pieces of stone it ap-\\npears, that, as Cives Romani, the inhabitants of\\nHerculaneum were enrolled in some tribe at\\nRome itself, particularly the Menenian.\\nL. Annio L. F. Men.\\n2 Vir. Itin Quin\\nVir Epularum.\\nIt may not be improper to suggest, that all\\nthe inscriptions, which I have produced, or may\\nproduce, have been digged from Herculaneum,\\nand, except that of Julius Caesar Capaccio, have\\nbeen perused and examined by me.\\nExclusive of a short interval in the Marsick\\nor social war, this city remained in tranquil sub-\\njection to Consular and Imperial Rome.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "13\\nDivo Julio\\nHerculanenses.\\nGermanico Caesari Tib. F. Divi Augusti n.\\nDivi Julii pronepoti, Auguri. Flamini Augustalio.\\nCos, 2. Imp. n.\\nThe Emperors, on their part, seem to have\\nbeen grateful for the loyal attachment of this\\npeople. Thus,\\nImp: Caes. Vespasianus Aug. Pontifex Max.\\nTrib: Pot. 7. Imp. 17. P. P. Cos. 7. Desig: 8.\\nTemplum Matris Deum terrse motu collapsun\\nRestituit.\\nAgain upon a publick weight.\\nImp. Vesp. Aug: IIX.\\nT.Imp: Aug. F: VIC.\\nExacta in Capitolio.\\nAnd upon another publick weight.\\nTib: Clau. Cses. Aug: Vitel.\\nIll Cos. exacta ad artic:\\nCura JEM.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "14\\nAnd upon a brass Sextarius.\\nD. D. P. P. Here.\\nThat is, Decurionum Decreto Prsefecti ponderibus\\nHerculanensium.\\nThese three inscriptions inform us of ano-\\nther municipal right enjoyed by the Hercula-\\nnenses in then* Ponderale, or House of Publick\\nWeights.\\nThere was an earthquake, Anno Christi 63,\\nsixteen years previous to that eruption of Vesu-\\nvius, which destroyed Herculaneum, Anno Christi\\n79. Seneca declares, that in this earthquake\\nHerculaiiensis oppidi pars ruit, dubieque stant\\netiam, quae relicta sunt. Nonis Februarii fuit\\nterrae motus.\\nIn an enclosure behind the great theatre a\\nheap of tiles, respectively numbered, together\\nwith the trunk of a marble statue, and the frag-\\nments of several columns, was excavated under\\nthe volcanick materials. Another earthquake,", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "15\\nindeed, immediately preceded, or rather at*\\ntended, that eruption. Some houses were\\nthrown to the ground by the severe concussion.\\nTheir ruins are partly spread upon the original\\nsoil, partly upon the pumice stones discharged\\nfrom the mountain. Pliny, in his account ad-\\ndressed to Tacitus, says, Prsecesserat per multos\\ndies treror terrse minus formidilosus, qui Cam-\\npaniae hon solum castella, verum etiam oppida\\nvexare solitus ilia vero nocte ita invaluit, ut\\nnon moveri omnia, sed everti crederentur. In\\nthis letter, as well as in the 16th of the same\\nbook, to the same friend, Pliny has proved him-\\nself to have Omnia vere prosecutum, al-\\nthough, with great modesty, he remark, Aliud\\nest Epistolam, aliud Historiam scribere.\\nConformably to his faithful description,\\nthe excavated stratum is not lava, as has been\\noften said, but Pumices nigrique et ambusti,\\net fracti igne lapides, to the depth of nearly", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "16\\nseventy feet in many places. All the wood in\\nHerculaneum was reduced to coals, and every\\nthing combustible was not only injured by the\\nextreme heat, but, as was the case with the ma-\\nnuscripts, was violently compressed, and con-\\ntracted by the ponderous pressure of the volca-\\nnick materials. In one of his best poetical efforts\\nStatius justly says,\\nPater exemtum terris ad sidera montem\\nSustulit, et late miseras dejecit in urbes.\\nUpon this stratum of stones, first liquified,\\nand then hardened and incorporated into prodi-\\ngious masses, there has been raised a second stra-\\ntum, accumulated by the scoriae of 1631. The\\ncelebrated Mazzochi objects to the edited date\\nof the eruption in Pliny, and changes it from\\n9 Cal Sep into 9 Cal Dec in order to make\\nit consistent with the remains of dried fruits,\\nsuch as chesnuts, figs, and raisins, found in the\\nexcavation, and preserved in the Royal Museum", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "17\\nof Portici. These fruits, he says, in Campania,\\nare not saved before October. It is most true, I\\nhave seen these fruits, and also some cones of firs,\\nin that museum. But, considering the nature of\\nthe climate, and the unripe state, in which those\\nfruits and cones may have been gathered, and the\\npossible variations of season, I cannot conclude,\\nwith Mazzochi, that they will justify his emen-\\ndation.\\nA fragment of L. Sisenna, in Nonius Mar-\\ncellus, informs us, that, Oppidum Hercula-\\nneum tumulo in excelso loco propter mare parvis\\nmaenibus inter duos fluvios infra Vesuvium posi-\\ntum. It is very remarkable, that no sign of\\nthese two rivers, except some water bubbling,\\nand making its way through the Tophus, or Pap-\\npamonte, in its supposed ancient channel, is now\\nremaining. A passage in the Book of Statutes,\\nbelonging to the Chapter of the Cathedral at\\nNaples, was shewed to me it had these words\\nD", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "18\\nu At vero pro vino Greco in ista parte fluminis,\\nwhich, relating to the claim of the Chapter upon\\nthe wine to a certain extent about Torre Ottava,\\nrender indubitable the existence of one river at\\nleast, until the year 1534.\\nBy the two outisrou, or conditores, whom the\\nmunificent Titus appointed, he gave the sur-\\nviving and distressed inhabitants of this city\\nThey were, too, if we may credit a Neapolitan\\ninscription of Gruter, settled by these Conditores\\nin Naples.\\nL. Munatio Concessia\\nNo V. P. Patrono Colo\\nniae pro meritis ejus\\nErga cives munifica\\nLargitate olim hono-\\nrem debitum praestan\\ntessimo Viro prsesens\\nTempus exegit. Quo etiam", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "19\\nMunatii Concessiani Filii\\nSui Demarchia cumulatiore\\nSumptu Liberalitatis abun\\ndantia universis exhibuit Civibus,\\nObquse Testimonia amoris sinceris\\nsimi Reg: primaria splendidissi\\nma Herculanensium patrono mira\\nbili statuam ponendam decr.evit.\\nCapaccio shews, there was a Compitum\\nHerculeum at Naples. This circumstance, added\\nto the weight of the inscription, removes, i%\\nshould seem, every doubt about the spot, whither\\nthe expatriated inhabitants of Herculaneum were\\ntransferred.\\nThus, with as much conciseness, as the sub-\\nject could well admit, I have endeavoured to\\npresent to the view of your Royal Highness the\\norigin, and the various fortunes of this city, and\\nthe final ruin, into which it was plunged by its\\nformidable neighbour, Vesuvius.\\nD 2", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "20\\nNot less connected with the object of my\\nemployment, the manuscripts, or papiri, is the\\nmountain itself, to which they owe their pre-\\nsent state, and appearance, than the place, in\\nwhich they were so long, that is, for the space of\\n1673 years, buried, and, while buried, most\\nwonderfully preserved under a stupendous mass\\nof volcanick substance. Some faint tradition,\\nintimated in the appellation of Campi Phlegrsei,\\nand in the Battle of the Giants, supported among\\nthe ancients a belief, that an eruption, or erup-\\ntions, prior to that of 79, in the first year of\\nTitus, had taken place. The iG memoratur an-\\ntiquitus exarsisse of Vitruvius is strengthened by\\nthe more prolix account of the Sicilian Diodorus.\\n9 Q.pou,oigdoLi tie tovto q 7\\\\eypouov Wo tov 7\\\\o pov tov to ttolKoliov\\nol^Xbtov 7rvp sKtpvgctnog 7rot,poL7rMstug rrj xoltH ty\\\\v ZiksXiccv\\nAitvol. KaXhroLi Je vvv o toko; Ovegfiiog ej(uv ^roAAa sYifjuiict\\ntov xexoLvgdai jcoltol tov; dp^diovg ^povovg. TacitllS,\\nin his usual manner, expresses it, Novis cladi-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "21\\nbus, vel post longam seculorum seriem repetitis.\\nSymptoms of former eruption have displayed\\nthemselves in the different strata of wells digged\\nto a considerable depth besides these symptoms,\\nwhich I mentioned in my note upon the Jour-\\nnalists, some have drawn the same inference\\nfrom Lucretius, where he says,\\nQualis apud C umas locus est, montemque Vesevum,\\nOppleti calidis ubi fumant fontibus haustus.\\nStrabo, by whom the plain about, and under\\nthe mountain is called Aypog noiyKCLXog, was of\\nopinion, that the surface of the ground exhibited\\nundeniable marks of former eruption, or, in his\\nown words, Qg olv rsz^oiifioi to yjipiov tovto miegdou\\nnporepov.\\nAfter the eruption of 79 there have been\\nmore, than thirty other eruptions. One of them,\\ndescribed by Cassiodorus, and Procopius, seems to\\nhave been extraordinarily dreadful.\\nThe figure of the mountain, which has", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "22\\nsometimes burst its sides, sometimes vented its\\nfury at its top, must have experienced many con-\\nsiderable changes. For instance, Strabo has tjJ$\\nxopvtri; only, Dio A/ nepit; xopvtpoii. Statius was a\\nNeapolitan, and was eye-witness of the eruption\\nin 79. Who, therefore, can well gainsay his\\nveracity in any thing, which he communicates\\nrelative to it But his veracity is of very mate-\\nrial importance to the antiquities of these manu-\\nscripts. He assures us, that the complete\\ndestruction, and interment of whole cities, and\\nthe absorption, and annihilation of whole farms\\nand estates, were the consequences of that\\neruption.\\nMira fides credetne virum ventura propago,\\nCumsegetes iterum,cum jam hsecdesertavirebunt,\\nInfra urbes, populosque premi, proavitaque toto\\nRura abiisse mari\\nThe erat of Martial, in speaking of\\nHerculaneum, His", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "23\\nCunita jacent flammis, et tristi mersa favilla,\\nthe Tag troKeig $vo oXag to rs HpxovXaviov rovg re\\nTlofJL7rY]iovg jcars^cagsy^ of Dio, the TW ayvoiav, jcoLi\\naga peiav, onov mrmwrai, of Plutarch, the redvii\\nKigiv fail v ksig mi npoifaaiov, of the Emperor Mar-\\ncus Antoninus, and the silence of succeeding geo-\\ngraphers are sufficient to prove to your Royal\\nHighness the total destruction, and disappearance\\nof this city.\\nUpon the other hand, it is my duty towards\\nthe Prince of Wales, especially as both justice,\\nand candour require it from me, not to suppress,\\nwhat has been asserted by the opponents of this\\ntotal destruction. In the annals of literature\\nfew persons have attained more celebrity, than\\nScipio Maffei, among the Italians, and, among\\nthe French, Bar thelemi. Both these men have\\ninfluenced the opinion of some to a great degree,\\nwith regard to the loss of this city seconded by\\nloannes Larnius, both of them have pronounced,", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "24\\nthat the antiquities deposited in the Museum of\\nPortici,by King Charles III. had not the least to do\\nwith Herculaneum that the Augustana Tabula,\\ncommonly called Peutingeriana, from Peutinger,\\nand written in the timeof Theodosius the Younger,\\nmentions Herculaneum that (which is their\\nonly argument not perfectly vague) some coins\\ninscribed Domitianus Caesar in that collection of\\nPortici, even if you acknowledge the identity of\\nthose ruins with Herculaneum, would announce\\nthe prolongation of its existence after the reign\\nof Titus, and of the eruption, 79. Upon these\\ntwo alledged proofs their heretical dogma rests.\\nAt the same time it must be confessed, that\\nmy Brethren of the Royal Herculaneum Soci-\\nety reply with some force, by representing the\\nGreek name of Herculaneum in the Peutingerian\\nTables, as nothing more than the name of a\\ntemple, dedicated to Hercules, or, as a translation\\nof Porticus Herculis, afterwards corrupted into", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "25\\nPortici that in the Greek capital at a distance\\nfrom the spot, the compiler might easily mistake\\none for the other that, with respect to the\\ncoins, the title of Caesar was often, or rather\\nusually, bestowed upon the sons of the Emperor,\\nduring the life-time, or reign, of the Sovereign.\\nFor my own part, if it could be vouchsafed me\\nto address, upon such a question, a reference to so\\nelevated authority, I am sure your Royal High-\\nness would not hesitate to determine, that a\\nmost conclusive argument against Maffei, c.\\nmay be drawn from the manuscripts themselves,\\nbecause all the names of the writers, hitherto\\ndiscovered in those manuscripts, are those of\\nwriters, not only who lived, but are generally\\nknown to have lived, a considerable time before\\nthe said eruption, except in the case of one\\nwriter, whose title of the work is KoLpveigxov O/A^ra.\\nThis Carneiscus, of whom no mention is made\\nin any extant author, may have lived before, or\\nE", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "26\\nafter, that eruption but certain expressions in\\nhis manuscript persuade me, that he too lived a\\nconsiderable time before the said eruption.\\ne/ Ev yap vocpov (ZovKsvpoi roig zciKKig yzpoLg\\nNuoi.\\nThis verse of Euripides was found, written\\nwith ochre upon the walls of a room, which,\\nfrom other circumstances, is supposed to have\\nbeen in a house belonging to a pedagogue. The\\naccents, and the minuscule figure of the letters,\\nalthough they were not employed in transcribing\\nfor publick use any books in the Greek language,\\nmight naturally be employed in a grammar or\\nwriting-school, where Roman, L e. foreign, scho-\\nlars were taught the different characters of that\\nlanguage, and could not have learned accentual\\nintonation without the assistance, and guide of\\nsome visible marks. Upon this subject it would\\nbe unjustifiable in me to enlarge, because it\\nwould be unnecessary, and, also, an act of pre-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "27\\nsumption. One of the best Greek scholars, whom\\nthis country has ever produced, the late most\\ndeeply, and most accurately, learned Dr. Foster,\\nUpper Master of Eton, in his Treatise upon\\nAccents, and Quantity, has established the true\\naccount of this subject, with historical, and\\nerudite precision. If any additional statement\\nwere wanting, the valuable work of Mr. Mitford\\nwould clear every doubt, and satisfy the queries\\nof the most sceptical investigation and most cer-\\ntainly would serve to refute any objections, which\\nthe before -mentioned cavillers could raise, upon\\nthe accents of the cited Greek iambick inscrip-\\ntion, against the date of the total destruction of\\nHerculaneum. In defence of the same date, and\\nconsistently with the well-founded proposition of\\nCasley, in his most able performance, ff the\\nCatalogue, c, the observation of Dr. Taylor,\\nupon this very inscription, seems to be unanswer-\\nable. After referring to an inscription, in Greek,\\ne 2", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "28\\nas well as Latin, at Rome, and of the age of\\nTiberius, he observes, that, In the Greek,\\naccording to Mauritius, though neglected by\\nGruter, the little a, the p, the T, the w, are all\\nremarkable. The small characters were, there-\\nfore, we see, known at that time, but reserved for\\nprivate use, like the visible accentual marks, and\\nrarely mixed with their publick monuments/\\nWith regard to the Latin part of this inscription,\\nwhere accents are found upon the long vowels,\\nfor instance,\\nTu qui secura, procedis mente parurnper,\\nin a fragment of a Latin poem, which is among\\nthe fac simile copies of the Herculaneum manu-\\nscripts, now at Oxford, and attributed, conjec-\\nturally by me, to Varius, the author exhibits\\nin the same manner the same accent upon a\\nlong vowel, as constituting a syllable, or part of\\na metrical foot.\\nIt may not be improper to close this sum-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "29\\nmary account of Herculaneum with a curious\\npassage of the Sybilline Oracle in Plutarch,\\nrespecting the eruption so fatal to that city.\\nTo these remarkable and recent evils, (he writes)\\nthe ancient theme of Sybilline song, and pro-\\nphecy, has not time done justice, and correspon-\\ndency brought to pass? I mean the eruption of\\nfire from the mountain, the boiling effervescence\\nof sea- water, and the violent dispersion of massy\\nstones, and combustion itself, with the assistance\\nof the wind, and the total ruin of so many and\\nso great cities, in such a manner, that the whole\\ncountry was defaced, and the very site became\\nundis tinguishable.\\nHow the ruins of Herculaneum were dis-\\ncovered, I have already represented to your\\nRoyal Highness in my first Letter. Charles III.\\nwith his natural liberality, and public spirit, gave\\nhis immediate orders for excavation. But, un-\\nfortunately, to the discredit of the Sovereign", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "30\\nhimself, and to the injury of his great designs, a\\nSpaniard (I forget his name) was appointed\\ndirector of the whole. This Spaniard united\\narrogance, and obstinacy, with the darkest want\\nof knowledge, and, therefore, his whole super-\\nintendency was a course of practical lectures\\nupon those qualities. Hence it is for the literary\\nworld a complete epjiauov, that all the manuscripts,\\nnow preserved, were not sacrificed in common\\nwith some others, which the Director, and the\\nequally ignorant, but clearly guiltless, labourers,\\nmistook for pieces of charcoal, or burned timber,\\nand which, in consequence, were removed, and\\napplied by them, to the usual domestick pur-\\nposes. In the course of their removal, however,\\nsome detached fragments happily fell from one,\\nor two of these devoted volumes, and displayed\\nupon their surface very distinguishable characters.\\nOf this circumstance the labourers honestly\\ninformed the Spaniard, who, as the characters", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "r/\\nTOlAeAO\\nOJM\\nICCNieHeYTJOJ\\n0-M 6l \\\\A/ViC\\nMJTOACeM\\nOH\\n1\\nK\\n0^\\nAO All M O\\nP I TO\\nf.\u00e2\u0080\u009e\\n/..\u00e2\u0096\u00a0It, loll Publish,:! .l/ ri l hill /ll./i.il./ I lu/lip.r .V. j.A rw liriii/f.S lr.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "31\\nwere Greek, could not read them he was\\nobliged, therefore, to consult that eminent scho-\\nlar, the Canon Mazzochi, about them. To the\\ngreat joy of Mazzochi, who immediately repaired\\nto the Scavi, the labourers were still pro-\\ncuring more manuscripts from two different, but\\nsmall, rooms in the same house.* The wood of\\nthe shelves, upon which they had been placed in\\nsmall boxes, was, together with the wood of\\nthe boxes themselves, strongly charred, or re-\\nduced to ashes. The manuscripts themselves,\\nso providentially saved by the intervention of\\nMazzochi, and gradually and carefully excavated\\nby the workmen, were not less than eighteen\\nThis house is supposed, upon some foundation, to have been the\\nresidence of the great Piso family. Cicero, speaking of that residence,\\nobserves, that he could see it from his villa, near Puteoli. This circum-\\nstance has been practically confirmed upon the spot where that villa stood,\\nin directing the view towards that part of the volcanick mass, which is\\nperpendicularly over the site of that residence.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "32\\nhundred, some in a less, some in a more perfect\\nstate. It is curious, that these manuscripts,\\nwhich are always called by the Italians Papiri,\\nbecause the substance of each volume, or roll,\\nwas formed from the plant Papyrus,* owe their\\npreservation to the heat of those materials, which\\nhad buried them; without this, their vegetable\\ntexture must have been destroyed by putrefac-\\ntion. But, although the greatest part of their\\nbulk had thus resisted the effects of time, yet\\nthat bulk itself had been much injured. In\\nmany instances it was much impaired, some-\\ntimes obliterated, or disfigured, or perforated,\\nHence the modern word Paper. The ingenious Chevalier Lando-\\nlini, of Syracuse, who favoured me with a visit at Portici, renewed, with\\nsuccessful experiment, the mode of forming this substance. It both\\nreceives and retains, extremely well, and most distinctly, each character of\\nthe pen and ink our best paper is not more serviceable I have often\\ntried it. Landolini, in a manuscript essay, has ably corrected, and\\nexplained the corrupt text of Pliny upon this subject.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "33\\nor mutilated, or broken, wholly, or in part, by that\\nvery heat, or by compression under the heavy\\nvolcanick materials, or by the forcible introduc-\\ntion of very light dust, and some small stones,\\ninto its substance, especially in the more exterior\\nfolds of each volume, which, in every instance,\\nhave suffered some, or all of those various inju-\\nries. The interior folds, where the Greek and\\nLatin characters (as the manuscripts are written\\nin both those languages) are not totally annihi-\\nlated by volcanick injuries, exhibit an high\\ndegree of preservation, and even a superficial\\nlustre, both in their substance, and in the re-\\nmaining characters. The ancient ink had,\\nluckily, a considerable quantity of gum, but no\\nacid of this we had been informed by Pliny the\\nElder, who is invaluable, as in so many other\\nrespects, so for his extreme accuracy in every\\npoint, upon which his indefatigable researches\\ncould not be misled by others, or insuperably\\nF", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "34\\nobstructed, or baffled. By royal command, at the\\nsuggestion of Mazzochi, the manuscripts were\\nlodged in the Museum at Portici, and numbered;\\nbut, owing to the folly of the Spaniard, were not\\nclassed in two divisions, so as to denote the quan-\\ntity found in each of the two respective rooms.\\nTo advance the developement, and inter-\\npretation of these volumes, Charles III. insti-\\ntuted a society it consisted of members, the\\nmost celebrated in that country for their literary\\nattainments, the Marquis Tannucci, Mazzochi,\\nthe Prelate Baiardi,* and some few others.\\nTo this extraordinary man all the antiquities of the Museum, ex-\\ncept these manuscripts, were committed, whether from Herculaneum, Pom-\\npeii, or Stabiae. In his History of Herculaneum he begins ab ovo as he pro-\\nceeds, he does much and would have done still more, had not the termina-\\ntion of his life interfered with the completion of his design. In several\\nprinted volumes hitherto, he had only given, with genealogical minute-\\nness, the whole account of Hercules, and his children, man, woman, and\\nchild but, had he lived, he would have given the same account of all the\\nsubsequent generations of all the Heraclidse.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "35\\nWhen Piaggi, the inventor of the process, which I\\nhave more circumstantially described in my former\\nLetter, had, together with his scholar, Vincenzo\\nMerli, unrolled a page, or any tolerable series of\\ncharacters, in any fragment, they submitted, in\\neither case, whatever they had gained, to Maz-\\nzochi, who applied himself most successfully to\\nthe elucidation of it. The first manuscript they\\nopened had the title of the work, and the name\\nof the author, at the end,* that is, upon the\\nmost interior part of the roll. The work, as the\\ntitle imported, was upon musick, the name of\\nthe author Philodemus.\\nThis title, and name, have been situated in the same part of all\\nthe manuscripts, hitherto opened, except in two instances one instance\\nis that of the fac simile manuscript, or volume, which faces page 31 of\\nthis Letter the other is that of which I have made a memorandum at\\nthe bottom of the same fac simile. The import of the superscription\\nin the fac simile is clear, as to the arithmetical cyphers, such as XXX\\n(viz.) 3000, which, as they are stated to that effect in other manuscripts,\\nmost probably denote the number of lines only and, therefore, the other\\nF 2", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "36\\nPerhaps it may not be thought totally unin-\\nteresting, should I lay before your Royal High-\\nness a view of some specimens of titles, and\\nnames, and other final inscriptions from those\\nPapiri, which were opened under my direction.\\nAt the end of the manuscript, No. 1042,\\nwhich Camillo Paderni began to unroll 23d\\nJanuary, 1802., and finished 22d March in the\\nsame year, there are*\\nsUiKovYov\\nTleVi OyCswC\\nIn Number 1423.\\nO/AoAHMoy\\nIIsP* PHToP*KIlC\\nA\\nTwN biC Avo To IIPoTgPoN\\npart of the superscription may, not improbably, denote the subject. In\\nthe other manuscript, the characters AoAHMo\\nx\u00c2\u00bb 1\\nare the remains of OjAoJfljUOy Ylepl Yr\\\\TOflKY\\\\q, i- e. both the name of\\nthe writer, and title of his subjeet.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "37\\nIn Number 208.\\nKooAooTov\\nIlPoC ToN nA a 1 i\\nNoC A C*\\nIn Number 336. f\\nnoA^CTPaToy IIsP*\\naAoTov KaTaOPoNH\\nCswC O/A sILrPaOoy\\nC/N IlPoC T wC aAorwC\\nKaTot \u00c2\u00a9PaCyNoMeNoyC\\nT\u00c2\u00abN sN ToiC UoAAoiC\\nAoEaZoMeNwN\\nIn Number 1027.\\nKaPNs*CKot\\nQiAiCTol\\nB\\nAP*0 XXX HH AAA H CsA\\nThese dots are inserted by me to shew, that there is a chasm.\\nf This Number was only half of a manuscript, which had been\\nbroken into two pieces. Another Number, forming the other half, was\\nfortunately unfolded and copied afterwards. The fac simile copy of this\\nmanuscript, which is one of the most perfect, is at Oxford.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "38\\nIn Number 1006.\\nAHMHTFiov\\nUsFi T/NojN\\nCuZHTHGsNTwN\\nA/a*TaN\\nIn Number 1479.\\nE* aP\\nn Pi acswc\\nKH\\nTwN aPXa/wN\\nIn Number 1414.\\nOiAoAHMov\\nIIsP* AsiToy\\nKoAAHMaTa\\nCsA ioH\\nThe above-mentioned Treatise upon Musick\\nwas by that Philodemus, whom his cotemporary,\\nCicero, calls Optimum Virum, and Doctis-\\nsimum Hominem. He was an Epicurean, and", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "39\\nwas the author of that Greek Epigram, to which\\nHorace alludes in\\nGallis hanc, Philodemus ait.\\nUpon the characters and title of this controver-\\nsial Treatise, which is written against musick,\\nand against its advocate, (one Diogenes, a learned\\nStoick) Winckelman has made remarks, much\\nless interesting than might have been expected\\nfrom his great talents, his experience, his know-\\nledge, and his taste nor could his remarks, if\\notherwise equal to his high reputation, have been\\nvery copious, and extensive. Every foreigner,\\nbefore the mission, with which I was honoured\\nby your Royal Highness, had, from the jealous\\nvigilance, and restriction of the Neapolitan Go-\\nvernment, much difficulty in obtaining access to\\nany means of information, and very little exercise\\neven of his sight, upon the Herculaneum manu-\\nscripts. However, in this, as in every other case,\\nevery thing, which is written by Winckelman,", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "40\\nmust undoubtedly possess some claim to our at-\\ntention. Mazzochi prepared this Treatise of Phi-\\nlodemus for publication, with much learning, yet\\nwith too redundant a display of quotation, of\\ncomment, and of criticism. Some supplements,\\nwhich he has inserted, are inadmissible, because\\nthey are not commensurate with the vacant\\nspace but this publication was prevented by\\nthe state of total idiotism, which came upon him\\nin a very advanced period of his life. At last,\\nthe death of this very respectable scholar, added\\nto the previous relinquishment of the crown of\\nthe two Sicilies for that of Spain, by Charles III.\\nserved most effectually to deaden the efforts of,\\nand by degrees to annihilate, the Herculaneum\\nSociety.\\nThe Marquis Caraccioli revived this Society\\nin 1787, and appointed Charles Rosini, the pre-\\nsent Bishop of Puzzuolo, to direct all the busi-\\nness of the Papiri, which, during the idiotism", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "41\\nof Mazzochi, and still more after his death, were\\nmuch neglected by Piaggi. Rosini had been\\nunder the patronage, and in the favour of Maz-\\nzochi, from whom he obtained the possession of\\nthe Treatise upon Musick, most fully prepared\\nfor editing. This was superbly edited, in 1790,\\nby Rosini himself, who, without the contribution\\nof one solitary word, except his own name,\\nassumed to himself the whole merit of his bene-\\nfactor. It may not be improper to mention,\\nthat General Acton, as Prime Minister, advised\\nme not to have any intercourse with Rosini,\\nbecause, in the first revolution of Naples, he\\nhad remained upon his Bishoprick of Puzzuolo,\\nand had delivered a pastoral discourse in favour\\nof the Jacobin Usurpation. In subjoining, that\\nhe has again served Joseph Buonaparte, and is\\nstill serving Murat, in the employment which I\\nheld there under your Royal Highness, I have\\nno view whatever, but that of explaining, most\\nG", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "42\\nsatisfactorily, why, during all the time I was\\nemployed at Naples, this Bishop, instead of\\nassisting me, did every thing in his power to\\nthwart, and counteract all my proceedings. In\\nfact, with such political notions, added to the\\nprejudices of a bigoted Papist against a foreign\\nHeretick, he could not well have supported\\ntowards me any other line of conduct, than what\\nI invariably experienced. For the same reasons,\\nColonel La Vega, the Keeper of the Royal\\nMuseum, rivalling in every respect his prede-\\ncessor, the Spaniard, never failed to observe\\nthe same deportment. The first, for the pur-\\npose of frustrating my intentions, although\\nsanctioned by his Majesty s Minister, the Right\\nHonourable Sir William Drummond, to publish\\nthe fragments of several books of Epicurus de\\nRerum Natura, which I had discovered, espe-\\ncially as they seemed to excite much interest\\nin the world, kept in his own hands the fac", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "43\\nsimile copies, nearly all the time I remained at\\nNaples, under various pretexts and at last,\\njointly with the brother of the Colonel, who was\\ndead, and with the unexpected connivance of\\nthe Court, deprived your Royal Highness of the\\nvaluable engraved fac simile copies of three books\\nand an half of that Philosopher. These engrav-\\nings, consequently, are now in possession of the\\nexisting Government at Naples. One circum-\\nstance, in particular, ought not to be concealed\\nfrom your Royal Highness it is this I have\\nalready said, that Mazzochi had prepared for\\npublication, as it is now printed, the Treatise, of\\nPhilodemus upon Musick, which the Bishop\\nedited in his own name; I say more, the Bishop\\nwas not capable of publishing it in its present\\nform. In a copy of a Treatise,* Ilsfi touvopenw\\nThat copy is now at Oxford but it had been revised, and again\\ncorrected by me.\\nG 2", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "44\\nmfjLSMrsM, which he undertook to correct, he left,\\nor made, even thirty-two errors in a single\\ncolumn. Could such a corrector of a copy be\\nthe learned publisher of a book What I have\\nhere said, I persuade myself, will not be deemed\\neither to be extenuated, or set down in\\nmalice, or foreign to, or unconnected with, the\\nnature and the interests of my Herculaneum\\nmission more particularly, if it should be con-\\nsidered, that these men were, nominally at least,\\nassociated with me in the prosecution of the\\nobjects of that mission. Besides these persons,\\nthe Neapolitan Court gave another companion,\\nwho really and sincerely assisted me. Your\\nRoyal Highness, I trust, will permit me to seize\\nthis occasion of expressing for this old man, who\\nwas a Basilian Abbot, and whose name was Foti,\\nmy sentiments of esteem and friendship. He was\\nthe best Greek scholar, with whom I ever met in\\nNaples, or in Sicily. With the most unpreju-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "45\\ndiced candour he co-operated with me, as far as\\ncould be expected from heart-felt zeal, and much\\nunaffected knowledge. Continually he paid the\\ntribute of his warm encomiums to the disin-\\nterested, munificent, and princely motives which\\ninfluenced the Royal Patron of the undertaking.\\nIn a word, with truth I speak of him, as\\nAnimam, qualem neque candidiorem\\nTerra tulit, nee cui me sit devinctior alter.\\nBefore the commencement of my labours in\\n1802, there had been opened, during more than\\nforty years, only eighteen manuscripts. Of what\\nmaterials their substance was formed, I have\\nalready mentioned. The process, or mode of\\nopening them, has been described in my first\\nLetter. The points, at which the papyrace-\\nous sheets were fastened together by a cement\\nor gum, are often visible. I should conceive, that\\nthe longest roll, composed of these cemented\\nsheets, could not have exceeded, in any instance,", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "46\\nforty feet, and no sheet could have been longer\\nthan three feet, or thereabouts; the breadth of\\nthe sheet, as it must naturally suggest itself,\\nmust constitute the length of each roll, which,\\ntaking all the manuscripts one with another, is\\na varying measure from somewhat less than a\\npalm to something, but very little, more than a\\nfoot. In writing, the ancients placed the length\\nof the roll horizontally, and the breadth was\\nperpendicularly divided into columns, as they\\nare called, or pages, with a varying interval\\nbetween each, sometimes of more, sometimes of\\nless, than an inch. When the whole mass was\\nfolded into a volume, or roll, (of which there is\\nfac simile at page 31) they began to fold it at\\nthe end. Hence, as I have observed before, the\\nname of the writer and title of the work have\\nhitherto, except in two instances, been found in\\nthe innermost part of the manuscript. Very incon-\\nsiderable pieces of the stick with umbilici/ or", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "47\\nrollers, round which the folds were made, and of\\nits heads, have been found in very rare instances\\nbut in each instance they are either pulverized,\\nor reduced to a black, and friable coal. The\\ncolour of the volumes is extremely different, one\\nfrom the other, in shades of a tawny, a deep or\\ndark brown, and black, to that of the darkest\\ncharcoal. Of the latter are those of Philodemus,\\nalready unrolled; and all the Greek manuscripts,\\nindeed, are of a blacker shade than the Latin,\\nwhich are of the first. The inference from this\\nrespective state of colour in the different manu-\\nscripts, must naturally be, that they were found\\nin two different rooms one of these rooms must\\nhave been less affected than the other, by the\\nheat of the volcanick matter. But the less any\\nmanuscript has been affected by that heat, the\\nmore difficulty has been always encountered in\\nopening it, for the reason which I have assigned\\nin my first Letter. It is remarkable, that all the", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "48\\nLatin manuscripts, which I have attempted to\\nunroll, have been of a tawny, or brown colour;\\nand, therefore, one of them (which is the fragment\\nof a Latin poem before-mentioned) was opened\\nwith great difficulty. Another produced only\\nunconnected scraps of broken pages, or columns,\\nin a state the more to be lamented, as, from\\nsome common words, as well as Roman proper\\nnames, it might be concluded to be something\\nhistorical. Of others, it was found totally im-\\npracticable to separate the substance, even in the\\nsmallest portions. All these, consequently, must\\nhave been lodged in one of the two rooms, dif-\\nferent from that in which those of Philodemus\\nand the Greek writers were kept.\\nThe only mode of selecting a manuscript\\nfrom the Royal Museum for developement, was\\nvery simple, but not always effectual yet, at\\nthe same time, whenever the small brush, which\\nthey wetted and applied, in this case, to the", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "49\\noutside surface of a manuscript, caused the\\nexterior fold to raise itself singly in a detached\\nstate from the next under it, that manuscript,\\nmost completely justified the experiment, how-\\never simple, by a more entire separation of each\\nfold in the volume, especially from the middle\\npart, even to the end, and by a more entire\\npreservation of letters, both in form and in\\ncolour.\\nSo many persons of erudition, and good\\nsense, Russians, Germans, Swedes, Greeks, Spa-\\nniards, French, Italians, and even English, said\\nso much of chymical experiments, as likely to\\ncontribute to the greater and more productive\\nfacility of unfolding the most conglutinated\\nmasses of these manuscripts,, that I yielded, con-\\ntrary to my own sentiments, to their representa-\\ntions. These sentiments were founded upon\\nhourly observation of the variously affected sub-\\nstance of several manuscripts. That observation\\nH", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "50\\nwas directed to the nature of their substance,\\nand to the nature of those materials, which had\\nbrought them to their present state but as it\\nwas my duty not even to appear to neglect any\\nmeans by which, it was so generally supposed,\\nthe undertaking might be forwarded, I thought,\\nnon tarn\\nTurpe fuit vinci, quam contendisse decorum.\\nMr. Poli, one of those who were employed\\nin the tuition of the Hereditary Prince, a man\\nwell known in the philosophical world, and Pre-\\nsident of the Military Academy, recommended\\nto me one Gaetano la Pira, as an excellent chy-\\nmist, both in theory, and in experiment. This\\ngentleman wrote his Proposal, together with\\nhis data. Broken pieces of several of the more\\nimpaired manuscripts, classed according to their\\nrespective defects, were set apart by my order\\nfor his inspection. After considering, during\\nsome time, and in detail, their defects, after", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "51\\nhaving been permitted by me to make other\\nvarious unsuccessful attempts, at last, without\\nconvincing me by any single argument, which he\\nadduced, he was permitted to try vegetable gas.\\nThe greatest part of each mass flew, under this\\ntrial, into useless atoms; besides, not a character\\nwas to be discovered upon any single piece. The\\ndreadful odour drove us all from the Museum.\\nThis, in fact, is a part of the royal palace, which,\\nif the court had been there, must, also, have\\nbeen precipitately abandoned.\\nAfter these experiments, I had the satisfac-\\ntion of continuing, with a safer conscience, the\\nprocess, which I have described in my first\\nLetter. This, in a second corrected edition, is\\nsubjoined to the present Letter. Piaggi, the\\nInventor, was no more. Vincenzo Merli was\\njustly discarded for certain revolutionary practises.\\nThere were, luckily for me, three other men,\\nMalesci, Casanova, and Lentari, who had been\\nh 2", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "52\\nemployed with Piaggi, and Vincenso Merli, in\\nunfolding the Papiri. These men were en-\\ngaged by me, not only themselves to unfold, but\\nalso to teach and to direct ten others, whom\\nI, at different intervals, additionally took into this\\nservice. Two of these men, Giuseppe Casanova,\\nand Carlo Orazj, both of them skilled in the art\\nof design, were exclusively confined to the occu-^\\npation of copying, in fac simile, the characters of\\neach fragment, or column, which I consigned to\\nthem for that purpose.\\nEach of these men received from me a sum\\nof monthly salary, quite inadequate to their\\nrespective support. The compensation for this\\ndeficiency depended upon their own exertions,\\nbecause, both the unfolder and copyist of any\\nfragment, or column, received from me a pre-\\nmium of one carlini for each line, after it had\\nbeen copied in fac simile, with approved exact-\\nness. It will, I hope, appear to your Royal", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "53\\nHighness, that such an arrangement of pay was\\nnot ill calculated to secure the utmost diligence,\\nand most attentive carefulness, both in the un-\\nfolder, and in the transcriber. The unfold er was\\nobliged, for his own interest, to keep perpetually\\nin view the necessity of unfolding for the fac\\nsimile transcriber as many, and as perfect lines,\\nas he could, in order that he might receive a\\ngreater share of reward. For the same reason,\\nthe transcriber became an usef ill spy for me upon\\nthe unfolder, of whose ignorance, or inattention,\\nor prejudicial violence in unfolding, he would,\\nfor his own sake, inform me at the same time\\nthat his zeal, and his accuracy in transcribing,\\nwere objects of jealous scrutiny to the unfolder,\\nand were stimulated thereto by the future acqui-\\nsition of correspondent recompence. In a word,\\nhe who unfolded, and he who copied, while\\neach, for his own sake, took all possible pains,\\nmost advantageously checked, and animated each\\nother.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "54\\nThis mode of payment, which I adopted, I\\nwould humbly beg permission to exhibit in the\\nfollowing specimens. These are extracted from\\nthe uninterrupted Journal, which I used to keep,\\nof every proceeding, whether my own, or that of\\nothers under my direction, as well as of every oc-\\ncurrence relative to the manuscripts in the Royal\\nMuseum at Portici.\\nExPENCES.\\nSaturday, April 30th, 1803.\\nIo qui sotto dichiaro di aver rice vu to questo\\ntrentesimo di di Avrile, 1803, la somma di\\ncinque ducati quarent otto grana per le spese di\\npelle di battiloro, di carta per disegnare, di gom-\\nma, di Lapis, e di galesse, dico\\nGio. Batta Malesci.\\nMonthly Pay.\\nSaturday, April 30th, 1803.\\nNoi qui sotto dichiriamo di aver ricevuto\\nquesto trentesimo di di Avrile, 1803, i nostri", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "55\\nsoldi rispettivi per tutto questo mese spirante,\\ndiciamo.\\nV Gio. Batta MalescL*\\nGennaro Casanova.\\nfl Antonio Lentari,\\nCamillo Paderni,\\nGiuseppe Casanova,\\nCarlo Orazj,\\nGio. Batta Casanova,\\nGiuseppe Paderni,\\nFrancesco Casanova,\\nGennaro Braibanti,\\nFrancesco Paderni,\\nLuigi Corazza,\\nLuigi Catalano,t\\nAlessandro Paderni,\\nVincenzo Catalano,\\nSaverio Galassi,\\nGiachino Marinaro.\\nThis man, the oldest, the most experienced, and most expert, in\\nunfolding and copying, had twenty-two ducats monthly salary the next,\\nGennaro Casanova, eighteen ditto. The others in proportion, some ten\\nducats, others, at first, six only. Alessandro Paderni, the Under-keeper of\\nthe Museum, was necessarily in constant attendance, upon account of this\\nvery work. As he could have no premium, he received the monthly sum\\nof fifteen ducats. The three Porters, much smaller sums, in respective\\ngradation,\\nf These thirteen persons were Unfolders, or Transcribers, and the\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2remaining names are those of the Under-keeper of the Museum, and of\\nthree Porters.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "56\\nPremiums.\\nFriday, May 27th, 1303.\\nNoi sotto dichiriamo d aver ricevuto dall\\nlllmo Sigr. D. Giovanni Hayter, per lo svolgi-\\nmento, assistenza, e trascrizione de Papiri le\\nsomme qui appresso notate, il di 27 Maggio, 1803.\\nlo Geo. Batta Malesci per assistenza alio\\nsvolgimento de Papiri, No. 207, 218, 1385, du-\\ncati 22, grana 40.\\nlo Gennaro Casanova per Y assistenza alio\\nsvolgimento de Papiri 994, 1056, 1428, ducati\\n17. 30.\\nlo Antonio Lentari ho ricevuto per lo\\nsvolgimento del Papiro 1056, ducati ondici\\n11. 00,\\n66 lo Guiseppe Casanova per la trascrizione\\nde Papiri 994, 1056, e 1428, e per cinque Alfa-\\nbeti,* ducati 35. 90.\\nForty well- executed fac simile alphabets of different Greek ma-\\nnuscripts, and one of the fragment of a Latin poem, were finished, when", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "57\\nu Io Carlo Orazj per trascrizioni de Papiri\\n207, 218, 1385, e per tre alfabeti, ducati venti\\ntre 23. 00.\\nIo Camillo Paderni per lo svolgimento del\\nPapiro, No. 994, ho ricevuto, ducati trenta,\\n30. 00.\\nIo Gio. Batta Casanova per lo svolgimento\\ndel Papiro, 218, ducati 7. 30.\\nIo Francesco Casanova ho ricevuto per lo\\nsvolgimento de Papiri, 207, 1385, ducati 9. 10.\\nIo Giuseppe Paderni per lo svolgimento\\ndel Papiro, 1428, ho ricevuto, ducati 1. 30/\\nIn this extract, relative to premiums, there\\nare not the names of some unfolders, which\\nthe approach of the French made it necessary for me to leave Naples, in\\nFebruary, 1806. Of these the copper-plate engravings are at Oxford. It\\ngave me infinite satisfaction to hear Lord Grenville observe, that these\\nalphabets are extremely valuable.\\nI", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "58\\nappear in the extract of monthly pay. All,\\nconsequently, had not merited them. From the\\nmost rigorous distribution of them I never, in\\none instance, deviated.\\nThe following are extracts relative to the\\nPapiri themselves.\\nTuesday, 22d October, 1805.\\nThe Papiro, No. 300, which had been\\nconsigned to Don Gennaro Braibanti, was\\nfinished without title or name.\\nThe same day, the Papiro, No. 985,\\nwhich had been consigned to Don Antonio Len-\\ntari, was relinquished, as impracticable.\\nThe same day, two other u Papiri were\\nchosen. No. 1001 was consigned to Don Anto-\\nnio Lentari No. 816 to Don Gennaro Braibanti.\\nu The same day, the Papiro, No. 1057,\\nwhich had been consigned to Don Francesco\\nPaderni, was finished without name or title.\\nThe same day, another Papiro, No.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "59\\n988, was chosen, and consigned to the said Don\\nFrancesco Paderni.\\nMonday, November 29th, 1805.\\nThe u Papiro/ No. 817, which had\\nbeen consigned to Don Camillo Paderni, was\\nfinished. There was no name, or title, at the\\nend. It was the fragment of a Latin poem.\\nMany entire verses in series were found. The\\npoem appears to be historical. It speaks of\\nAlexandria, iEgypt, Csesar, the Battle of Ac-\\ntium, a Siege, the Queen, c*\\nThe same day, another ff Papiro, No.\\nThe copper- plate fac simile copy of this Papiro is now at\\nOxford. What an immense price, indeed, the Pere Montfaucon, whose\\ngrand aim in his itinerant researches, was to find in some book a specimen\\nof ancient Latin orthography, would have set upon this fragment! In fact,\\nthe Chevalier Seratti, then Secretary of State for Case Reali, when I\\ncommunicated to him the discovery of this Latin fragment, exclaimed,\\nwith much rapture, that this discovery was worth all my pains, and all the\\nexpence of our Government.\\n12", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "(50\\n831, was chosen, and consigned to the same Don\\nCainillo Paderni.\\nWith the pecuniary disbursements in this\\nundertaking, as my employment was literary, I\\nwas totally unconnected. Yet, as his Majesty s\\nMinister, who was then the Right Honourable\\nSir William Drummond, thought the payment\\nof the persons employed would be, on account\\nof my local advantage, more convenient to me\\nthan to himself, or any one attached to his mis-\\nsion, he directed me to undertake that payment.\\nWith his directions I more readily complied,\\nbecause I was justly prompted to do it by the\\nmost grateful esteem, and respect for him, as a\\nmost sincere friend, as a gentleman of distin-\\nguished birth, manners, talents, erudition, and\\ntaste, as an amiable and most excellent man,\\nwho, with the sense, and the expression of most", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "61\\nloyal duty to the Royal Patron of my employ-\\nment, promoted it invariably, and effectually,\\nwith all the influence of his official situation, and\\nall the warmth of personal concern, and zeal.\\nThese motives, I trust, will justify me to your\\nRoyal Highness for having added to my super-\\nintendency of the Herculaneum manuscripts,\\nthat of the payment of money, issued by Go-\\nvernment to his Majesty s Minister, as far as it\\nwas assigned to the persons placed by him under\\nmy direction. Hence it was, that, in order not\\nto appear disobliging, or disrespectful, to his\\nMajesty s Charge d Affaires, William A Court,\\nEsq. before the arrival of Hugh Elliot, Esq.\\nthe successor of Sir William Drummond, nor\\nafterwards to Mr. Elliot himself, I continued to\\nsuperintend those payments at the Royal Mu-\\nseum at Portici. Thus, what I little foresaw, I\\nbecame a sub-accountant to the Lords Commis-\\nsioners of his Majesty s Treasury, who have", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "62\\nlately, through George Harrison, Esq. examined\\nall my accounts of Government money, as em-\\nployed ahout these manuscripts. These accounts\\nwere, in a manner very honourable to me, ap-\\nproved by that gentleman, and afterwards\\nallowed, and sanctioned, by the Lords Commis-\\nsioners of his Majesty s Treasury.\\nWhen, in the unrolling any manuscript, a\\npiece reached the top of the machine, from\\nwhich it was suspended,* such part was then cut\\noff from the manuscript, and placed, and fas-\\ntened by pins, upon a frame of adequate size.\\nIf the contents of this piece, which most gene-\\nrally consisted of four columns, appeared to have\\na series of characters worth the pains, and the\\nexpence of copying, I consigned it to one of the\\ntwo copyists, as soon as he was disengaged from\\ntranscribing any other manuscript, or any piece\\nof the same manuscript.\\nI must again refer to the first Letter.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "63\\nAt the time I consigned any piece, and,\\nagain, after it was copied, I examined the surface\\nof the respective columns with the utmost care.\\nThe copyist, and the unfolder, examined it with\\nme, and after me. The fact was, that frequently,\\nbut particularly in the outward folds of each ma-\\nnuscript more than in the innermost, but some-\\ntimes in both, some particles, or even consider-\\nable parts, of the preceding column, or columns,\\nadhered to the subsequent. This circumstance\\nwas occasioned by the various injuries, which, as\\nbefore stated, the manuscript might have re-\\nceived, or by the nature of its substance, so liable\\nto conglutination in its several folds. Nor was\\nthis examination always successful each fold,\\nor part, of a manuscript, was at times so un-\\nsubstantially subtle, that the eye, with the\\nassistance of the best glasses, which were alwavs\\nemployed in this case, could not discern, with\\nthe closest attention, whether the surface of the", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "64\\nfold, or piece, were identically single, or whether\\nit had combined in itself, and received from any\\nother preceding, and sometimes subsequent,\\npieces, some letters, or even words, or lines\\nNoil bene junctarum discordia semina rerim.\\nIf I might be permitted, I would here exem-\\nplify to your Royal Highness this most trouble-\\nsome part of my employment.\\nThe first piece of the eleventh book of\\nEpicurus, which, to repeated view, and minute\\nobservation, exhibited the appearance of a\\ntolerably entire, and individual column, was\\ncopied, as such. As in every other instance,\\nwhere any part of a manuscript had been copied,\\nso in this, I first collated the copy with the dark\\noriginal, letter for letter. Then I began, with\\nall possible attention, mixed* however, with\\nextreme distrust, both of myself, and of the\\nthing itself, to attempt the interpretation. In\\nthe different columns of every manuscript, the", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "65\\nmost perfectly unrolled, there have been always\\nfound wanting many letters, often a word, or,\\nmore rarely, a whole sentence, or whole sen-\\ntences, respectively.* For the just interpre-\\ntation, it was impossible, it would at least have\\nbeen unjustifiable, to have proceeded otherwise,\\nthan I invariably used to do in the case of each\\nLacuna. Its dimensions I exactly ascertained\\nby an accurate, often retraced, mensuration.\\nThis rigid mensuration was then applied by me\\nin the same manner, and agreeably to the form,\\nunder which that same manuscript presented\\nevery given character, to as many characters as,\\nA gentleman of distinction, to whom I was shewing the fragment\\nof an exterior fold of the Latin Poem, before- mentioned, saw one single\\nword, which was nihil This circumstance, which was naturally\\nmentioned by him in society, gained a wide circulation; and thus, as I\\ninformed the learned Editor of the Classical Journal, reached the ingenious\\nwriter of an article in a late Number of that Journal* Nihil seems\\napplied by him to my whole undertaking.\\nK", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "66\\nconjecturally, and consistently with the supposed\\nsense of the context, I wished to replace in that\\nLacuna. When I was entirely satisfied, that\\nthese mensurations were accurate, and that the\\nconjectural letters, thus supplied, expressed the\\nvery sense of the author, or, at least, some not\\ninapplicable sense, the copyist was ordered by me\\nto make a partial fac simile of that Lacuna, and\\nof the letter, which immediately came before it,\\nand, also, of the letter, which immediately came\\nafter it, and, then, make in the Lacuna itself a\\nfac simile transcript of each character, which had\\nbeen supplied, in strict conformity to the usual\\ndistances between the respective letters in the\\nsame manuscript. When this whole process,\\nadmitted, modulo, ac pede, and in aptest cor-\\nrespondence, my substituted, or supplied, cha-\\nracters, I wrote them, in my own interpreted\\ncopy of that manuscript with red ink, in order\\nto distinguish them from the actually existing", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "67\\ncharacters of the original. After having gone\\nthrough this process in the quoted instance of\\nthe first piece of the above-mentioned eleventh\\nbook of Epicurus, after having repeated several\\ntimes this process, in consequence of the altera-\\ntion which, the surface, by the detachment and\\nloss of several of its particles, repeatedly exhi-\\nbited, I found, that after this repeated process,\\nand the laboured, tormenting, and most unsatis-\\nfactory supplemental conjectures of a month,\\nboth in the Museum and at home, as well for the\\nvacant letters, as for the sense, my whole inter-\\npretation was necessarily wrong. This piece,\\nwhich was supposed to form one column, was at\\nlast discovered to consist of two halves, one of\\nwhich really belonged to the situation, which it\\noccupied, the other, to a preceding column. Of\\nthe violent transposition of characters by the\\nsame transposition of particles, in the same\\nK 2", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "68\\ncolumn, an example is afforded in the following\\nextract from my Journal\\nu Wednesday, 6th February, 1805.\\nu The Papiro, No. 26, which had been\\nconsigned to Don Antonio Lentari, was finished,\\nand at the end were the characters,\\nAj dHo Moc\\n1eP TsC is wN\\nIn collating a transcript with the original in\\nthe Royal Museum, which contains a numerous\\nrange of apartments, I was frequently obliged,\\nfor the purpose of securing the distinct percep-\\ntion of the real character, to pass from one\\napartment to another of a different aspect.\\nNothing but a varied light, in many instances,\\nand in spite of good glasses, and good eyes,\\ncould secure that perception.\\nWhat I have remarked* relative to books\\nPage 26 of this Letter,", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "69\\ntranscribed for publick use, is confirmed by these\\nmanuscripts. The vowels, except the H, and\\nsometimes the t), are never capitals; the conso-\\nnants always. In the Latin manuscript there is\\na full stop between each word in the Greek\\nmanuscripts no stop of any description between\\nwords and sentences. Sections, or paragraphs,\\nare distinguished, in some instances, by a mark,\\nor by the intervention of a vacant space, or by\\nboth, and, also, in others, numerically. Each\\nline is promiscuously closed; its end is never\\ndenoted by the end of a syllable. Even an end\\nof a column itself is not syllabically distinguished\\nfrom the beginning of another* Both in lines\\nand in columns, these manuscripts shew, that the\\nancients would never spell in their orthographical\\narrangements.\\nAccents have not been discovered, hitherto,\\nin any manuscript, except upon the long", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "70\\nsyllables of the Latin poem all these accents\\nare acute. What a just trophy to the memory\\nof that excellent scholar, the late Dr. Foster, of\\nEton, under whom I received my education, and,\\nin the course of it, much undeserved favour, have\\nI been the means of raising, with heartfelt\\nsatisfaction, and most thankful triumph, while I\\ndeveloped these manuscripts. He had, in his\\nEssay, convinced, I believe, literary men in\\ngeneral, that, at least, his opponents were in the\\nwrong, with regard to the date, and use of the\\nGreek accentual marks. These manuscripts, which\\nare of the remotest authenticity in the world, have,\\nundeniably, proved, that he was in the right.\\nIt may not be improper to mention here,\\none or two orthographical singularities in these\\nmanuscripts. In the first place, a long iota, as\\nwe write it single (e. g.) in rpifio, c. is in them\\nAs I have said, p. 28.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "71\\nwritten as the diphthong si. The same verb still\\nretains this diphthong in those tenses where the\\niota would be long by position e. g. EKiTpei-tyeiev.\\nThe iota subscript in them, as in ancient inscrip-\\ntions, is not as it means, and as it is now written\\nand printed, under the vowel, but always after it.\\nWhere a verse occurs, and in the case where a\\nlong vowel before a short one forms a short second\\nsyllable, as now printed and written, that it may\\nconstitute a dactyl foot, that dactyl here becomes\\na spondee. The third syllable, or short vowel, is\\ntotally omitted, i. e. immersed in the preceding\\nlong vowel. For instance, the Treatise upon\\nDeath* was, by Lord Grenville himself, perused\\nOf this elegant, interesting Greek Treatise, and of the fragment of\\nthe Latin Poem, the engraved fac simile copies are now at Oxford. The\\ncopper-plates, which were left at Palermo by one of the Ring s Messen-\\ngers, to the care of Mr. Abraham Gibbs, are now, it is said, on board of\\nhis Majesty s Ship, Warrior. This ship, it is said, is on its passage home,\\nif, indeed, it be not yet arrived.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "72\\nlately, with all the critical judgment, philology,\\nand attention, of a real scholar, both in the\\noriginal, and in my interpreted supplied copy,\\nwhere I had inserted in red ink an s, in the\\nfollowing passage. His Lordship, at the time,\\njustly remarked to me, that, in the original pas-\\nsage, no vacant space, or any other indication,\\nproved the want, or the loss of an s that the\\nquotation, as it thus stood in the original,\\nnamely,\\nTPo HN evVeiH\\nlegitimately shewed, what the ancient pure\\northography was that the modern intrusion of\\ng, and, in similar instances, the extension of the\\nspondee into a dactyl, to avoid this orthogra-\\nphical crasis, was, therefore, contrary to classical\\nrule, in all the editions of Homer, and of any\\nother Greek poet, edited by the moderns*\\nThe sigma, in all the manuscripts, has the\\nfigure, its most ancient figure, which it always", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "73\\nhad, except in the Dorick Colonies, of our C.\\nIt deserves our notice, that in the Latin frag-\\nment, that syntax, to which we pay the most\\nreligious attention, is not exemplified. If a boy\\nat Eton, or at any other school, had written,\\nSimul terrestribus armis,\\nas it is found in that fragment, instead of, simul\\ncum terrestribus armis, would he not have been\\ndeemed to have violated the rules of good gram-\\nmar, through ignorance, or through neglect?\\nThese specimens are competent to prove to\\nyour Royal Highness, that the orthography of\\ngrammar, and of writing, has varied in more\\nmodern times, and also at present, from the\\ngenuine Greek, and Latin standard of classical\\nantiquity. But upon this subject I have expa-\\ntiated at considerable length, in a Dissertation,-\\nwhich I have prepared, as a requisite Preface to\\nany Herculaneum Manuscript, of which the", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "74\\nlearned University of Oxford may direct me to\\nsuperintend the publication.\\nNot only the name of the writer, and the\\nbare title of the work, have been discovered at\\nthe end of a manuscript, but sometimes there\\nhas been found a more detailed title of the work,\\nas in No. 336.* Frequently I met with the\\nnumber of the volume of the work. This was\\ndenoted by letters, as was universally the\\npractice among the Greeks. For instance, a,\\ni. e. eleven, in Number 1042-t In Number\\n1027, X the number of lines is said to be, as\\nexpressed by letters, 3238. In Number 1414,$\\nnot only the lines, but, also, the KoAAn^ara, or\\nfastenings with cement, (i. e. pieces joined toge-\\nther) are mentioned. Of the former, the number,\\nat least the first numeral, or, perhaps, two prior\\nnumerals, obliteration has made imperfect. Of\\nPage 37. f Pa g e 36 t Pa S e 3 7- Page 38.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "75\\nthe second, the remaining indications are so im-\\nperfect, that I have not attempted to conjecture,\\nor even ventured to insert them.\\nIn all the specimens of final inscriptions,\\nwhich are given in pages 37, and 38, I have\\ndesignedly exhibited all the vowels, except H, as\\nof a size really less than in the original manu-\\nscripts. I thought that I could thus distinguish\\nthem better from the consonants, which are all,\\ninvariably, capitals. In the greatest part of the\\noriginal manuscripts, as may be seen by the fac\\nsimile copies, the vowels, as they are not capitals,\\nrise not to the height of the consonants, except\\nin Philodemus. In the greatest part of his\\nmanuscripts all the vowels rise to the height of\\nthe consonants. Hence his omicron appears to\\nbe a capital.\\nThe dialect of the fragments of the eight\\nbooks of Epicurus is attick that of Polystratus,\\nand Colotes, is so to a certain degree only. The\\n12", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "76\\ndialect of the Treatise upon Anger, I think, is\\nsomewhat attick the language of that Treatise,\\nin general, is superior to all the rest.\\nIf one except the Latin Poem, the subjects\\nof all the manuscripts at Oxford are biographical,\\nor physical, or philological, or moral, or theolo-\\ngical. In different places of different works,\\nthere are short poetical quotations from lost\\npoets. One quotation from the Odyssey is\\nincalculably precious, because we find, in this\\nquotation, the same language, expression for\\nexpression, as in the present editions. The\\nwhole of the present text, therefore, of the poet,\\nboasts an authenticity of a very remote period,\\ncertainly not less than sixteen hundred and\\nthirty-two years, if an illative argument of this\\nnature may be regarded as of weight in this\\ncase, which, as purely accidental, is unquestion-\\nably freer from cavil, than most other cases. It\\nmay be added, with great truth, that all these\\nmanuscripts, which", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "77\\nnee ignes,\\nNee poterat ferrum, nee edax abolere vetustas,\\neven if the consideration of their high antiquity\\nbe excluded, even if no value be affixed to\\nthem, as the most legitimate criterions of ortho-\\ngraphy in the two learned languages, these ma-\\nnuscripts, I must say, are still inestimable,\\nbecause the compositions, preserved in them, had\\nbeen supposed to have been irrecoverably lost.\\nWhat immense sums are given by the\\nlovers, and protectors, both of ancient and\\nmodern literature, for editions of books, whose\\nauthors, although in some instances of the\\ngreatest celebrity, yet are most familiarly com-\\nmon. In the stall of the bookseller, in the\\nprivate collection of many individuals, the sen-\\ntences, or smaller scraps, preserved from the\\nwreck of ancient Greece and Rome, ever com-\\nmand the most partial attention. The most\\nbroken chip of Menander would secure any sum", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "78\\nwhatsoever, which, however great, yet would\\nscarcely be regarded as an equivalent, from the\\nunsparing hands of the purchaser. Besides,\\nintellectual works are always allowed a more ele-\\nvated rank, than those of manual art, and yet\\nvases and cameos, and other works of great\\nantiquity, and sometimes of suspected antiquity,\\nbecome, too frequently, an absurdly exorbitant\\nacquisition. Statues are, most undoubtedly, the\\nmost valuable among the works of art. In this\\ninstance, men of taste submit to the hardest\\nterms of the mercenary antiquarian, so as to\\nobtain possession of an entire, or mutilated,\\nfigure, that was formed even in the decline of\\nGreek, and, what is still more, of Roman sta-\\ntuary. In the latter, it is not alone the\\nCurii jam dimidii, nasoque minores,\\neven the statue of an Augustulus, or one of\\nmore recent date, would seem to justify, perhaps,\\nthe most unconscientious estimate of a vir-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "79\\ntuoso. Yet, what should be said of them, in\\ncomparison with these manuscripts, the most\\nancient in the known world A fair calcu-\\nlation, deduced from these editions of books, and\\nfrom those works of manual art, as contrasted\\nwith intellectual, enhance the worth of the ma-\\nnuscripts, now at Oxford, beyond the very enor-\\nmous calculations, frequently made to me by very\\nrespectable foreigners Had they not been a\\nproperty, so rich in the high renown of your\\nRoyal Highness, or, if I may be permitted to\\ndescend so far, had they belonged to the person,\\nwho was employed in superintending them,\\nunder your Royal authority, that person, most\\ncertainly, need not have proposed, because there\\nwas repeatedly offered almost any sum, which he\\ncould have proposed in his own right, for trans-\\nferring them to others. But the very idea of a\\npecuniary valuation of these manuscripts, must\\nmake every liberal person feel their great intrin-", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "80\\nsick value, by making him fee], that every idea\\nof that nature, at once both debases them, and\\nhim, who conceives, and expresses it.\\nWhen your Royal Highness was pleased to\\nappoint me to this literary mission, in the year\\n1800, the Right Honourable Earl Spencer\\ndirected the Serapis store ship to convey me to\\nPalermo. But as this ship was obliged to stop at\\nMinorca, the Genereux took me from that island\\nto Genoa, which surrendered to his Majesty s\\nfleet, and Imperial army, a few days after, I\\ncame into that Bay. It is, I hope, not to be\\nregarded by your Royal Highness as too inad-\\nmissible among the contents of this Letter to\\nmention, from ocular proof, a strange, and almost\\nincredible example of contempt for literature,\\nand of Gothick, or rather Mahometan, outrage,\\nwhich some soldiers of the French garrison\\nexhibited in the Archiepiscopal Library of Genoa.\\nFrom many volumes of valuable works in dif-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "81\\nferent languages, and from many other volumes,\\nedited in the most superb manner, and magni-\\nficently bound, these ruffians had torn many\\nleaves, and parts of leaves, to kindle the tobacco\\nof their pipes.\\nLord Keith, on board the Minotaur, re-\\nceived me with all the attention, which was due\\nto a servant of your Royal Highness. In his\\norders to the Captain of the Sicilian corvette,\\nwhich was dispatched to Palermo to commu-\\nnicate the surrender of Genoa, the noble Lord\\ndid me the honour to require for me from the\\nCaptain, who received me on board, the same\\ntreatment, as would have been expected for\\nhimself. It was the middle of June, when I\\narrived at Palermo. The late Lord Nelson, with\\nher Sicilian Majesty, and the late Sir William,\\ntogether with Lady Hamilton, had just quitted\\nit. The Right Honourable Sir Arthur Paget,\\nK. B. then his Majesty s Minister at that\\nM", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "82\\nCourt, immediately paid all the most attentive\\ndeference to your Royal commands, and to the\\nletter, which your Royal Highness yourself had\\nbeen pleased to condescend to write to him,\\nconcerning me, and my mission. General\\nActon had previously received a duplicate of my\\ndispatches.\\nAfter a week or two, during which I expe-\\nrienced every species of most hospitable, most\\nliberal, and most friendly, treatment from Sir\\nArthur Paget, at Palermo, the Sicilian frigate,\\nArethusa, was ordered by the Sicilian Court to\\nconvey me to Naples, where Prince Cassaro,\\nafter the departure of the French from that\\ncapital, was Viceroy, and where the Hercula-\\nneum Manuscripts, the object of my mission,\\nwere supposed, by General Acton, to be.\\nWhen I shewed my Credentials, and the\\nRoyal Order from Sicily, to the Viceroy, Zurlo,\\nSecretary of State for Case Reali, or Casa Reale,", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "83\\nwas present in the apartment. That gentleman,\\nwho was a lawyer of ability, with some erudi-\\ntion, informed the astonished Viceroy, that the\\nmanuscripts had been during the late disturbances\\nremoved to Palermo. This unexpected infor-\\nmation, as it would oblige me to return to Sicily,\\nso it excited my immediate curiosity to enquire\\nmore about these reliquias Danaum, the\\nmanuscripts, so very little regarded by the Court,\\nthat necessarily, as it was altogether unconscious,\\nwhere they existed, it must have been equally\\nunconscious, whether they existed. In the course\\nof this enquiry with Zurlo, and with that La\\nVega, whom I mentioned before, as Keeper of\\nthe Royal Museum, and with others, I found,\\nthat the manuscripts had been placed, with the\\nutmost care, in several large chests. In these\\nchests, all the intervals between the respective\\nmanuscripts, were separated, one from the other,\\nand were filled properly, as well as most effectually,\\nM 2", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "84\\nagainst the injuries of violent motion, with large\\nquantities of sawdust that in this secure state\\nthey had been conveyed, at the time the Court\\nretired from Naples, to Palermo. That these\\nreliquiae Danaum were presented for reception\\nat the Royal Palace there they were disowned,\\nlike a pauper of disputed settlement. Then the\\nOverseers conveyed them to the Royal Maga-\\nzines at the Mole There, too, they were\\nregarded as inadmissible vagrants, and sent back\\nto the Palace- In this way, these miserable, un-\\nacknowledged outcasts were passed again to the\\nMagazines, where they luckily gained a settle-\\nment, because, at last, some Custom-house\\nOfficer, by some strange accident,, asked a yawn-\\ning question, or two, about them, and, in conse-\\nquence, yet without knowing what they were,\\nhe settled them in a Magazine, because they had\\nbeen brought from Naples on board the same ship\\nof the line, which had brought their Sicilian\\nMajesties.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "85\\nAfter my return to Palermo, Sir Arthur\\nPaget, as soon as he had ascertained the ex-\\nistence, and the locality, of these manuscripts,\\ninterfered at the Court, with the most active\\nkindness, and procured a Royal Order for the\\nplacing them under my superintendency, and\\nfor developing them.\\nIn June, 1801, just before his departure for\\nVienna, Sir Arthur Paget was authorized by the\\npresent Earl of Liverpool, in an official letter, to\\nadvance to me, for carrying into execution the\\ndevelopment of the manuscripts, twelve hundred\\npounds, upon the account of Government. But\\nthe Sicilian Court had not yet determined what\\nplace in Palermo should be allotted for receiving\\nthese manuscripts, and for unfolding them. Sir\\nArthur Paget, to whom I was under great obli-\\ngations, and for whom I bear most sincere\\nrespect, left Palermo, unfortunately, before any\\nthing could be properly arranged in my business.", "height": "4135", "width": "3068", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "86\\nThis gentleman visited England, before he went\\nto Vienna.\\nHow can I express the just acknowledg-\\nments due to Sir Arthur Paget, for his unex-\\npected goodness in obtaining for me from Lord\\nSidmouth, then First Lord of his Majesty s\\nTreasury, a very regular appointment? This he\\nobtained, too, without any previous intimation\\nto any one, that he would do it, and, to my\\ngreat, and most pleasing surprise, with a retro-\\nspective date, from the day, I left England in\\nApril 1800. Some months afterwards, indeed,\\nintelligence of this appointment was communi-\\ncated to me in a letter, which the Right\\nHonourable Mr. Vansittart, then Secretary of\\nthe Treasury, did me the honour of writing.\\nThis official letter was, in all probability, very\\ndifferent from any official letter, which, either\\nbefore or since, has been issued from his Ma-\\njesty s Treasury, by order of the Lords Com-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "87\\nmissioners. That Right Honourable Gentleman,\\nwho is an excellent scholar, did me the great\\ncredit of testifying his personal satisfaction in\\nmy appointment and, in the same letter, was\\npleased to furnish me with the learned, and most\\nuseful means of conjecture relatively to the\\nauthor of any nameless manuscript, by a\\nlaboured, and correct enumeration of the names,\\nand the subjects of ancient writers, whose works\\nhave been lost It is his unspeakable merit,\\nin this letter, that what he did, he did, ipse\\nquidem volvendis, transeundisque multis admodum\\nvoluminibus per omnia semper uegotiorum intervalla,\\nin quibus furari otium potuit.\\nRobert Waldron, Esq. the private Secretary\\nof the late Minister, was left at Palermo as his\\nCharge d* Affaires. At his representation to the\\nSicilian Government, some rooms in the Ex-\\nJesuit College of San Francesco Saverio were\\nprepared for the purpose of unfolding the manu-", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "88\\nscripts. The three persons, whom I before\\nstated, in this letter, to have been employed\\nunder Piaggi, were ordered by the Court to\\ncome from Naples, and to be under my direction.\\nMany impediments, however, were raised against\\nthe completion of this establishment, by one\\nVivenzo, a King s Surgeon, who is, perhaps, the\\nmost SifjLQvgog of all men, and said to be better dis-\\nposed to the French, than to his Majesty s sub-\\njects. This man, who had secured the other\\nparts of the same college for a military hospital,\\nobserved, that he had nothing to do with the\\nPrince of Wales, nor with books he cared for\\nneither, and thought it very hard, he said, and\\nvery strange, that for them he should be deprived\\nof so much room.\\nBut from this man, and every other senseless\\ndifficulty, I was soon released, by the arrival of\\nSir William Drummond, his Majesty s Minister.\\nHis very judicious decision was, that, as he", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "80\\nhimself, and the Court, would soon go to Naples,\\nthese manuscripts should be replaced in their\\nformer situation at the Royal Museum of Portici,\\nwhich was infinitely more suited to the nature\\nof my undertaking, and where he could forward\\nthe progress in the most immediate, and most\\nadvantageous manner, by his official authority,\\nprotection, and interference. In that museum\\nthey began to unfold the manuscripts, which had\\nbeen all safely conveyed thither from Palermo,\\nthe 23d of January, 1802. It must naturally\\nbe supposed, as the case is, that the most perfect\\nof the manuscripts were those eighteen, which,\\nas I before observed, were unfolded before my\\narrival. Piaggi, having the choice of all, for his\\nown sake, had selected the most promising.\\nGeneral Acton informed me, that M. Al-\\nquier, the Ambassador of France, had urged,\\nand continued incessantly to urge, the claim of\\nhis Government upon these Herculaneum m^nu-\\nN", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "90\\nscripts. The flattering attention, which this\\nAmbassador paid me, as elsewhere, so at his\\nown house, for his Majesty had just then con-\\ncluded a peace with France, the high, but\\nmerited, compliments, which he took every\\nopportunity of presenting to the name of your\\nRoyal Highness in general, and in particular as\\nthe Patron of my employment, were at once\\ninconsistent in themselves with his demand upon\\nGeneral Acton, and altogether consistent with the\\nprinciples of the French revolutionary school.\\nSir William Drummond took a silent, but most\\nweighty notice of the conduct of M. Alquier,\\nby totally counteracting it. Once, or twice, the\\nAmbassador, with Sir William Drummond, and\\nthe Chevalier Souza, the Portuguese Minister,\\nhonoured me with their company in the house\\nwhich his Sicilian Majesty gave me, near the\\nRoyal Museum, at a dejeune.\\nIn my Instructions I was said to be nomi-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "91\\nnated as Superintendent on the part of your\\nRoyal Highness but his Sicilian Majesty made\\nme sole Superintendent, and, also, Academico\\nErcolanese.\\nThe late Colonel La Vega, the Keeper of\\nthe Museum, Malesci, the principal Unfolder,\\nassisted by the Prelate Rosini, endeavoured to\\nthwart me in every respect, and, in some respects,\\nactually thwarted me. Malesci had been very\\nforward in the first Revolution of Naples, in\\nfavour of the enemy.* This trio would repre-\\nsent to each of the individuals, whom I engaged\\nin this service, that I was an Eretico.^ It would\\nbe irreligious in them to observe me so much as\\nthem that they were not the subjects of his\\nWhy this Malesci was not removed from the Museum, as well as\\nVincenzo Merli, it is difficult to conceive an adequate reason.\\nf Vide Page 42.\\nn2", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "92\\nMajesty, but of another Sovereign, who looked\\nwith an extremely jealous eye upon the foreign\\nstipends, which they received that, as to me, I\\nwas not of nobiltd Inglese, they ought not, there-\\nfore, to respect me, notwithstanding my Royal\\nCommission. This excellent trio, with nume-\\nrous other insinuations, that did equal credit to\\ntheir head, and to their heart, tried, not always\\nsuccessfully, to mislead the unfolders, and the\\ncopyists. It ought to be mentioned, and, I\\ntrust, with your Royal approbation, that, when\\nI appointed any one to this service, it was my\\nconstant rule, whosoever, and how many soever,\\nthe candidates were, to give the preference to\\nthe son of any person in the service of the\\nCourt, if he were equally as well qualified for\\nthe purpose as the rest.\\nThe before-mentioned Signor Zurlo, Secre-\\ntary of State for the Department, under which\\nthe Royal Museum was placed, was ever ready", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "93\\nto comply with any request, and substantially\\nattend to any representations, which, through his\\nMajesty s Minister, I made at any time to the\\nGovernment. But within some few months he\\nwas replaced by a man of a very different cha-\\nracter, the Chevalier Seratti, much more of\\nwhom I shall be obliged to say in a subsequent\\npage of this Letter.\\nSir William Drummond, to my great regret,\\nquitted Naples for Constantinople, in the spring\\nof 1803. In the interval, before his successor,\\nHugh Elliot, Esq. arrived, Mr. A Court, Secre-\\ntary of Legation, and Charge d* Affaires, conti-\\nnued the same mode of payment, which had\\nbeen practised by Sir William Drummond, for\\nthe individuals under my superintendency. If\\nmy recollection be not erroneous, this gentleman,\\nduring some alarm, occasioned by the supposed\\nintention of the French troops to march towards\\nNaples, after the rupture of the peace between", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "94\\nhis Majesty and France, expressed himself much\\ndisposed to insist, that should Naples be occu-\\npied by the enemy, I should be permitted to\\ntake with me to Sicily the whole of the manu-\\nscripts, both original, and copies. Hugh Elliot,\\nEsq. his Majesty s new Minister, seemed to en-\\ntertain some doubts, how far, as he had received\\nno particular instructions from Government, rela-\\ntively to the Herculaneum Manuscripts, he was\\nauthorised to interfere officially with me, or them.\\nHe, therefore, would not put his own signature\\nto a draft upon Government for the expences of\\nthe manuscripts but directed me to give Messrs.\\nFalconet and Co. the draft in my own name,\\nyet to express in the draft, that I drew it by his\\norder. With this direction I complied yet, I\\nmust own, I was apprehensive this draft might\\nbe deemed by his Majesty s Government to be\\nsome personal presumption, as unofficial.\\nBesides, I could not divest myself of a firm per-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "95\\nsuasion, that, as I had been commissioned by the\\nHeir Apparent himself, and as, also, I enjoyed an\\nappointment from, and therefore was in the\\nservice of, his Majesty s Government and what\\nis more, as even an Act of Parliament had been\\npassed for disbursing the expences of these\\nmanuscripts, my application to his Majesty s\\nMinister for his draft was not entirely without\\nfoundation, and could not be taxed with much\\nimpropriety.\\nAs at the commencement of the year 1806,\\nit was well known that his Sicilian Majesty in-\\ntended to leave Naples, and that the Queen,\\nand the Royal Family, would also be obliged\\nsoon afterwards to leave it, I thought it my duty\\nto solicit the official interposition of his Majesty s\\nMinister for the removal of the manuscripts,\\nboth originals, and copies. The want of instruc-\\ntion from Government for that purpose, I was\\ntold, still prevented his official interposition at", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "96\\nthe same time his Majesty s Minister directed\\nme to go in his name to the Chevalier Seratti,\\nwith a representation of the necessity, there was\\nto remove these objects. This Secretary of\\nState, instead of entering immediately into the\\nsubject of my visit, chose, with great violence,\\nand with foaming mouth, and in the most unjus-\\ntifiable terms, to heap upon me, whose mission\\nwas certainly not at all political, the most heavy\\ninvectives against his Majesty s forces, which had\\nbeen landed at Naples. At last, having, in the\\ncourse of an half hour, most amply vented his\\nrage, he returned, in a softened tone, to the\\ncause of my visit he assured me, that removal\\nwould injure the original Papiri, and was\\nbesides not necessary we shall soon be at\\nNaples again\\nAfter the departure of the King, the Here-\\nditary Prince was Regent of the kingdom* For\\nthe same reason, and in the same manner, as his", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "97\\nMajesty s Minister had not yet received instruc-\\ntions, I was directed to wait upon his Royal\\nHighness, who informed me, that the King, at\\nthe time of his departure, in which he was\\naccompanied by the Chevalier Seratti, had given\\nstrict orders for not removing the manuscripts.\\nFrom these orders the Regent could not deviate.\\nIt must be confessed, the political character of\\nChevalier Seratti was generally regarded as not\\nfavourable to the interests of Great Britain, but\\nstrongly inclining to the French party. What-\\never may be the truth, must have some right\\nto question his good faith, at least, when\\nNee cineri servata Fides\\nThe Chevalier de Medici succeeded the\\nChevalier Seratti in office. The Monday before\\nour flight from Naples, in February, 1 806, I was\\nagain directed, upon my application to his Ma-\\njesty s Minister, who had not yet received his\\ninstructions, to go to the new Secretary of State.\\no", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "98\\nThe Chevalier, who was not then, it should\\nseem, in the secret, desired I would, in his name,\\norder Pirro Paderni, who had succeeded La\\nVega, as Keeper of the Royal Museum, imme-\\ndiately to prepare all the Papiri for removal.\\nThis I did about noon that very day. Pirro\\nPaderni expressed much alacrity in his apparent\\nreadiness to execute this order but he told me,\\nthat he would go that very afternoon to the\\nSecretary of State, from whom, for his own se-\\ncurity, after the orders of the King, he must\\nin person receive a written command for the\\npurpose. The whole scene was then shifted.\\nThe next morning I was informed, the orders of\\nthe King, with regard to these manuscripts, were\\nin revived force. What else could be expected?\\nYour Royal Highness may be pleased to con-\\nsider that the Chevalier Seratti, and others still\\nhigher, who were never suspected of too much\\nAnglicism, would, in the instance of these manu-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "99\\nscripts, avail themselves of every circumstance,\\nthat seemed to justify a non-compliance with\\nthe demands of your Royal Highnesses Superin-\\ntendent. The circumstance, that his Majesty s\\nMinister would not officially, much less urgently,\\ninsist upon the removal of the manuscripts, gave\\nthe party, who opposed that removal, a fair pre-\\ntext for that opposition. This party said, and\\nheard it repeated, that this removal could not\\nhave been wished by Government, otherwise his\\nMajesty s Minister would have interposed. So\\nfar this party may be thought to be supported\\nby some justification, provided your Royal\\nHighness could, for a moment, be reconciled to\\nthe measure of abandoning to the common\\nenemy those objects. For the acquisition of\\nthem a person had been sent to Naples, under\\nyour own Royal Commission, and received in\\nthat character by the Neapolitan Court. In the\\nacquisition of them that person had several years", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "100\\nemployed the most continual, and the most em-\\nbarrassing study, and fatigue, and at the ex-\\npence of his Majesty s Government, and under\\nthe sanction of an Act of Parliament, in the\\nKingdom of a Sovereign, who is under the most\\nessential obligations to Great Britain. With the\\nbeforementioned pretext, however, not only all\\nthe original manuscripts, which would be in-\\njured, it was said, by removal, but even the\\nengraved* fac simile copies of some books of\\nEpicurus, unfolded during my superin tendency,\\n(and surely these could not be injured by removal)\\nwere abandoned to the common enemy. Besides,\\nthis pretext enabled two different parties to\\nsecure the attainment of their wishes, directed\\nThe Neapolitan Government would never permit me to pay the\\nexpences, which attended the engraving. This apparent liberality was\\neventually proved to be, in the utmost sense of the expression, AwpQV", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "101\\nas they were, upon different motives, to the same\\nend. The one branch consisted in those men,\\nwho would not follow the Court to Sicily. These\\nmen must have been eager to retain at Naples\\nall the Royal property, which would gratify thei\\nnew masters, and secure for themselves, to\\nany degree, means of indulgence, or protection.\\nThe other branch consisted of those, who had\\nbeen employed about these manuscripts; Rosini,\\nPeter la Vega, the unfolders,* and the copyists,\\nwished to retain, as, in fact, they retain, the\\nsame employment under the French. Both\\nthese branches of the same party, protected by\\nthe Queen, obtained, through Seratti, the King s\\norder for not removing these manuscripts, nor\\nthose engraved fac simile copies. To these mo-\\ntives must be added another, if I may call indif-\\nWith the exception of Camillo, and Francesco Paderni, who went to\\nPalermo.", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "102\\nfcrence a motive, for relinquishing these manu-\\nscripts. This indifference of men in the two\\nSicilies with regard to literature in general, and\\ntherefore with regard to these manuscripts, is\\nremarkable. For instance, a Marquis Berio,\\nwith whom I was well acquainted, had one of\\nthe best libraries in the world. He possessed\\nthe reputation of learning, and of the encourage-\\nment of the learned. This eminent Letterato\\nin the frequent visits he made me at Portici,\\nwould always come to my own house, to the\\nMuseum never. A man of that country, now\\nhigh in office at Palermo, asked me, whether the\\ntext of those famosi papiri were not Arabick.\\nMore than two hundred Papiri had been\\nopened wholly, or in part, during my stay at\\nNaples. The experience of every day had added\\ninfinite facility, and skill, with accurate, and\\nsecure, but rapid dexterity, to each unfolder,\\nand copyist. Hence, with these increasing", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "103\\nadvantages, every one of the remaining fifteen\\nhundred, or as many of them as could be\\nopened, would be opened, and copied, it was\\nreasonably, and universally calculated, within\\nthe space of six years at the most. The enemy\\ncan, therefore, in addition to the original manu-\\nscripts themselves, enjoy the advantage of this\\nimproved skill in the persons, whom I employed\\nabout them.\\nWhen I retired with the fac simile copies\\nalone, in February, 1806, from Naples to Paler-\\nmo, there I remained, as it was my duty to\\nremain, until I should be honoured with your\\nRoyal commands* for my return to England.\\nBesides, as it was thus incumbent upon me to\\nstay, so, while I stayed, I was continually flat-\\nAn exact copy of the letter, in which those commands were\\ncommunicated to me at Alcamo, by Lord Amherst, his Majesty s Minister\\nat that time, is inserted as follows", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "104\\ntered with the hopes of resuming my superiu-\\ntendency of the manuscripts at Portici. For\\nsome time the Court, as it was generally said,\\nwas in expectation of a counter-revolution in\\nits favour at Naples.\\nDuring my residence at Palermo, I com-\\nposed and printed a Latin Poem, entitled Her-\\nculaneum, humbly addressed to your Royal\\nHighness. This Poem will not be published\\nPalermo,\\n16th July, 1809.\\nSir,\\nThe bearer of this letter, Mr. Hunter, jun. a King s\\nMessenger, is sent to you by his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales,\\nwith instructions respecting your return to England. I doubt not that you\\nwill pay due obedience to his Royal Highness s commands.\\nI am, Sir,\\nYour obedient, humble Servant,\\nAMHERST.\\nThe Reverend\\nJohn Hayter.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "105\\nhere for the present, because the subject for the\\nPrize Exercises this year in the University of\\nOxford is the very same with that of my Poem.\\nThis point of requisite delicacy was suggested\\nto me by Mr. Tyrwhitt, a gentleman, who, as\\nhe is high in the service, and is, in every respect,\\na most disinterested, unalterably attached, and\\nfaithful servant of your Royal Highness, so, in\\nreceiving, and executing all your Royal Com-\\nmands, concerning these Herculaneum Manu-\\nscripts, has ever displayed the most zealous, most\\nuniform, and most laudable, attention*\\nAt Palermo it was in vain that I applied to\\nthe Chevalier Seratti to obtain permission to have\\nfor my use, and with a view to publication,\\na single manuscript, that is, a single fac simile\\ncopy, of all the fac simile copies, which were\\nbrought from Naples, although they had been\\nunfolded, and copied, under my direction, and\\nalthough they had all been corrected, and many", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "106\\nof them had been interpreted, and translated,\\nby myself. This Minister of State wished, as\\nhe had with the most corrupt, and most inde-\\ncorous misconduct, contributed, to deprive your\\nRoyal Highness of all the original manuscripts,\\nand of some of the most valuable engraved\\nfac simile copies, to have been also as success-\\nfully guilty with regard to all those fac simile\\ncopies. The auspicious return of the Right\\nHonourable Sir William Drummond, his Ma-\\njesty s Minister at that Court, this second time\\nthe successor, as the first time the predecessor,\\nof Hugh Elliot, Esq., defeated all the intentions\\nof the Chevalier Seratti. The Chevalier de\\nMedici, the successor of the Chevalier Seratti,\\ncomplied at once with the demands of Sir Wil-\\nliam Drummond, and consigned to him, by\\norder of the King, all the fac simile copies,\\nwhich are now at Oxford. Of these, the Trea-\\ntise upon Death, and the Fragment of the", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "107\\nLatin Poem, together with the Greek and Latin\\nAlphabets, were immediately engraved under my\\nsuperintendency at Palermo.\\nPermit me now, Sir, to express the proud\\nsatisfaction, I feel, that your Royal Highness\\ndeigns to accept, with gracious indulgence, this\\naccount of my Herculaneum Mission, of its\\nnature, of its progress, and its result. That\\nprogress was arrested that result was rendered\\nless important, and less productive, by the inva-\\nsion of the enemy, and by the misconduct of\\nfriends. Yet, in this general cause, and interest\\nof literature, your Royal Highness has been\\npleased to give to the University of Oxford, and,\\nthrough that University, to the world, most\\nconvincing proofs, convincing both by their\\nnumber, and in their intrinsick value, that the\\nresult of my mission, in spite of many unfavour-\\nable circumstances, is more satisfactory, than\\ncould have been expected. Mankind, at least,\\np 2", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "108\\nmust be of opinion, that the Patronage of this\\ngeneral cause, and interest, was not unsuitable\\nto the exalted Dignity of the Heir Apparent of\\nthe British Empire. In the impartial judgment,\\nand register of posterity, in the bright annals of\\ntrue renown, the name of your Royal Highness\\nwill be inseparably associated with this general\\ncause, and interest of reason, and of knowledge,\\nand will be indelibly recorded.\\nWith the most devoted sentiments of\\nloyalty, I humbly beg permission to subscribe\\nmyself,\\nSIR,\\nYour Royal Highnesses most dutiful,\\nAnd most faithful Servant,\\nJOHN HAYTER,\\nLondon,\\nApril 20th, 1811.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX.\\nHERCULANEUM.*\\nO Regni, et Britonum spes altera, maxime\\nPrinceps,\\nCui genus excelsum, Georgique insignius astro\\nEffulget procul, et medio caput aethere condit,\\nTu carmen ne sperne, precor, ne vota canentis\\nAuspiciis et siqua tuis tibi florea texam 5\\nSerta legens studio memori, quot millia pingit\\nSebeti ad sacros latices Acheloia Musae\\nFilia Parthenope, quamvis indigna ferentem\\nThe Exordium of the Poem, see page 104.", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "110\\nExcipias vultu praesenti. Manera Vates\\nOuis Tibi digna feret! magni quin Nominis\\nobstat 10\\nEt Decus, et Virtus, et inani dejicit auso.\\nO si Maeonio possem te dicere versu,\\nAugustamque pari famam resonare camaena,\\nTunc canerem, quanto quae gratia! qui decor oris!\\nQuot mille incessu veneres, quot mille loquenti 15\\nArrident lepidae, corpusque per omne viriles\\nOrnatus blando placituros lumine fundunt\\nTu quanto, Gradivi instar, molimine belli\\nInstrumenta cies, siquando animosa cupido\\nLaudis in arma rapit, patriaque accendit inulta 20\\nQuam Peditum instructas acies, Equitumque\\ncatervas\\nDucisque innumeros, subitoque reducis in orbes\\nImperio exercens agili Quam Tu obvius hosti\\nIre paras, populo invito nam carior illi\\nVita tua est, Gallis quam gloria parta subactis. 25\\nTu procerum, et vulgi fido discrimine vindex", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "Ill\\nJura foves, Legesque sacras, civiliter sequus,\\nEt fas, et morem cultu, normaque tueris.\\nSed Tibi prsecipua dulces ante omnia Musae\\nPertentant animum cura, positasque resumunt,30\\nTe revocante, lyras, quamquam formidine vexet\\nGallorum furor, et convulso terreat Orbi.\\nIpse Tuo emensus longi maris aequora jussu\\nEuboici demum consedi ad littoris oram\\nSarrasten, Graiosque Phlegraea in sede colonos, 35\\nUt peragrem Argolicas loca per combusta Vesevi\\nRelliquias ut pumiceo conclusa sepulcro\\nHercules monumenta urbis, doctasque favillas\\nImis eripiam tenebris, molique Typhaeae.", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "A NEW EDITION\\nOF THE\\nFIRST LETTER,\\nADDRESSED, WITH PERMISSION,\\nTO HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS\\nTHE PRINCE OF WALES-\\nQ", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "PREFATORY REMARK\\nUPON\\nTHIS NEW EDITION.\\nIn this Letter, when a very limited number of\\nits copies was published, before my departure\\nin 1800, there were some errors, occasioned by\\nthe want of requisite accuracy in those to whom\\nI was referred in this country, for the most au-\\nthentick information. These errors I am com-\\nmanded, because personal observation enables\\nme, to correct and thus corrected, and repub-\\nlished, this Letter is only preparatory to the\\npublication of a second Letter, addressed, with\\npermission, to the same illustrious Personage,\\nand containing a narrative of all which either has\\nbeen done, or has occurred in the prosecution of\\nthis laborious, and difficult undertaking.\\nQ 2", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "TO\\nTHE PRINCE.\\nsit Numine vestro\\nPandere res alta terra, et caligine mersas. Via.\\nSIR,\\nIt is with the most humble sense of\\nduty ^nd respect, that I solicit the honour of\\nbeing permitted to lay before your Royal High-\\nness these few pages, which embrace, in a short,\\nand summary account, the whole object of your\\nvery important design. May your Royal High-\\nness deign to accept this Paper, as the first fruits,\\nas it were, of the mission, to which you have\\nbeen most graciously pleased to appoint me, and\\nas a tributary pledge of the zeal and assiduity,\\nwith which I shall never cease to be actuated in", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "118\\nobeying your Commands, while 1 endeavour to\\nmerit, in some degree, this distinguished mark of\\nyour Patronage, by employing my utmost abilities\\nfor the accomplishment of a design, not only\\noriginating from your own judgment and intu-\\nition, but, in its execution, involving the honour\\nof your Royal Highness, as well as the interests\\nof learning, and the hopes of the learned.\\nThe numerous settlements of the Greeks in\\nItaly, received the name of Magna Graecia,\\nbecause their mother country was of a size con-\\nsiderably less than that, in which they were\\nplanted among these were nearly all the cities\\nin the Province of Campania, including Naples,\\nthe capital of his Sicilian Majesty, and, also,\\nHerculaneum, and Pompeii, which are supposed\\nto boast a foundation coeval with Hercules him-\\nself, three thousand and fifty years ago, or twelve\\nhundred and fifty years before the Christian sera.\\nThis Province, more than any other part of", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "119\\nMagna Grsecia, was always celebrated for the\\nstudious and successful cultivation of the Arts\\nand Sciences. The two Cities of Herculaneum\\nand Pompeii ranked next to that of Naples in\\nevery respect, as places of considerable note;\\nthey had their public theatres, with every other\\nattendant, of great population, splendour, opu-\\nlence, and general prosperity. These, in com-\\nmon with all the rest of Campania, became the\\nelegant and favourite resort of the Romans, for\\nthe different purposes of health, luxury, repose,\\nand erudition.\\nIn the ninth year of Nero s reign,* these\\ntwo cities experienced a most formidable shock\\nfrom an earthquake, which overthrew a great\\nU. C. 816.\\nA. D. 63.\\nCaius Memmius Regulus,\\nLucius Virginius Rufus, Consuls.", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "120\\npart of them. Nor had they recovered alto-\\ngether from the effects of this calamity by their\\nexertions, and the aid of Imperial munificence,\\nwhen a second calamity, of a different nature,\\nbut equally unexpected, consigned them both at\\nonce to the most complete oblivion. This cala-\\nmity was the great eruption of Vesuvius, which\\nhappened on the 24th day of August, two full\\nmonths from the accession of the Emperor Titus\\nVespasian.* Herculaneum was buried under a\\nmass of heavy volcanick matter, to the depth,\\nin some places, of seventy feet while Pompeii\\nand Stabise, being more distant from the moun-\\ntain, were overwhelmed principally with a shower\\nof ashes, nor in any place to any considerable\\nU. C. 832.\\nA. D. 79\\nFlavius Vespasianus 9*\\nTitus Vespasianus 8. Consuls.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "121\\ndepth. But the fate of the two first was sudden\\nand inevitable and yet it appears, that almost\\nall of the inhabitants, and what is an equally\\nsurprising circumstance, more of the Hercula-\\nneans, than the Pompeians escaped. Besides a\\nfew other skeletons, there have been found in\\nthe cellar of a villa beyond the northern gate of\\nPompeii eighteen skeletons; and thus, by the\\npaucity of their number, the relation of Dio\\nCassius, who states the destruction of the\\npeople, while assembled at the theatre, is proved\\nto be totally erroneous. It may be proper to\\nremark, that, before this eruption, the whole of\\nVesuvius was in a state of cultivation and ferti-\\nlity, from the top to the bottom and though\\nthe form and soil of the mountain, in one parti-\\ncular spot, seemed to denote the traces of some\\nformer explosion, yet no extant memorial of any\\nkind had recorded it.\\nNeither of these two cities was discovered\\nR", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "122\\nagain till a long period of more than sixteen\\ncenturies. It was at the beginning of the last\\ncentury, that some labourers, by order of the\\nPrince d Elbeuf, proprietor of the territory, in\\nsinking a well, struck their tools against a statue,\\nwhich was on a bench in the theatre of Hercu-\\nlaneum. Some years afterwards, Pompeii was\\ndiscovered with much less difficulty, as the in-\\ncumbent stratum was neither so hard, nor so\\ndeep as that of the former city.\\nThe whole number of the manuscripts\\nsaved from Herculaneum,* is to the amount of\\neighteen hundred, if I am rightly informed by\\nthose, whose official situation must give them a\\ncompetent knowledge of the subject. Your\\nSome remains of manuscripts found in Pompeii, in the Museum\\nat Portici, are totally white, and without a single character. The slight,\\nloose, thin stratum of ashes could not preserve them from the effects of\\nrain, and other moisture.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "123\\nRoyal Highness, by facilitating the develope-\\nment of those volumes, will, probably, be the\\nmeans of further excavation, and of rescuing\\nfrom their interment an infinite quantity of\\nothers. Nearly fifty years ago, his Sicilian Ma-\\njesty ordered the developement, the transcrip-\\ntion, and the publication of the volumes, which\\nhad then been saved, to be undertaken. This\\noperation was accordingly begun, and has never\\nbeen discontinued till the late invasion of the\\nFrench. But its mode, however excellent, was\\nextremely slow; it has been performed by a\\nsingle person in general, and never by more than\\ntwo or three persons, under the direction of the\\nRoyal Herculaneum Academy, whose President\\nis always the Secretary of State for the Depart-\\nment of the Case Reali.\\nThe frames are square, and of wood, sup-\\nported by four legs. The sides are close but a\\nhole in the bottom admits some ribands, to\\nr2", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "124\\nwhich a proportionable weight is appended for\\nsecuring each respective manuscript steadily in\\nthe circles of brass fixed upon the heads of two\\nsteel upright pieces in the inside of the bottom,\\nat a distance from each other, suitable to the\\nseveral lengths of the different manuscripts in\\nthese, indeed, some little variation of lengths is\\nfound. Upon the top of the frames, some screws\\nare placed, and turn the silken threads, which\\ndescend to the gold-beater s skin upon the sur-\\nface of the manuscripts to this skin they are\\nfastened with gum and water; but the skin,\\nwhich thus lines the surface, is cut into many\\nsmall pieces; and, before fastening these pieces,\\nthe surface is narrowly examined by the unfolder,\\nwith the assistance of a magnifying-glass, in\\norder not to place any of those pieces over the\\nnumberless chasms, or holes, produced in the\\nsurface by the volcanick materials, by lapse of\\ntime, or other accidental, or incidental, circum-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "125\\nstance. The pieces are attached with glue and\\nwater, and, therefore, if, through neglect, or\\nfrom undiscernible minuteness, they should be\\nlaid on any such chasm, or hole, they would\\nforcibly raise all the portion of a manuscript, to\\nthe whole depth of the chasm, or hole, and\\ninjure, or destroy the manuscript itself. From\\nthe operation of thus cautiously proceeding to\\nopen the manuscript, the unfolder advances to\\nseparate such destined portion of the surface at\\nthe edge itself, with an instrument like an awl,\\nand the said portion, thus partially separated at\\nthe edge only, is then totally disclosed, and\\nraised to view, by turning the screws above, and\\ndrawing the silken threads.\\nThis process, so suited to the double pur-\\npose of unfolding the substance, and, at the\\nsame time, of holding together its frail and\\ncrumbling texture, was invented by a Monk,\\ncalled Piaggi, procured by Charles III. King of", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "126\\nNaples, from the Pope, to whom he was sub-\\nlibrarian. He was a man of great mechanical\\ngenius, but of no erudition, and, therefore, each\\nunfolded portion was delivered by him to the\\ncelebrated Mazzochi, the Bentley of Naples, and\\nauthor of that inestimable work, the Treatise\\nupon the Heraclean Tables. The first manu-\\nscript, which was unfolded, was the Treatise\\nupon Musick, prepared by Mazzochi for publi-\\ncation, as we now see it. Not more than seven-\\nteen others were unfolded in a space of more\\nthan forty years. That upon Musick, and no\\nother, was ever published. This is in the Li-\\nbrary of his Majesty, where, through the oblig-\\ning politeness of Mr. Barnard, the King s Libra-\\nrian, I have had the advantage of perusing it.\\nIndeed, I hope your Royal Highness will not\\ndisapprove my acknowledging, in this place, the\\nvery warm and respectful interest, which both\\nthis gentleman, and the Right Honourable the", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "127\\nPresident of the Royal Society,* have expressed\\nfor the furtherance of your Royal Highnesses\\ngreat and good design. Meanwhile, by this\\nSpecimen of Philodemus, I am convinced, that\\nif the frames should be multiplied to the pro-\\nposed extent, several pages of thirty different\\nmanuscripts might be disclosed, and transcribed\\nwithin the space of one year, or, perhaps,\\nsooner.\\nBut the very period, at which the manu-\\nscripts were buried, serves to point out to your\\nRoyal Highness, that you may expect the reco-\\nvery of either the whole, or, at least, parts of\\nIt was suggested by Sir Joseph Banks, that from the nature of\\nthe ancient atramenlum, which, perhaps, was not so much an ink as a\\npaint, and from the materials of these manuscripts, there may be derived\\na chance of applying a chemical process to this developement of the\\ncinders, with increased expedition and effect. The suggestion is of the\\nfirst importance hereafter there may be an opportunity of ascertaining\\nits utility by experiment.", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "128\\nthe best writers in antiquity, hitherto deemed\\nirrecoverable. All of these, in truth, had been\\nwritten before that period, if we except Tacitus,\\nwhose inestimable works were, unfortunately, not\\ncomposed till twenty years afterwards, during the\\nreign of Trajan,\\nNor can it be imagined for a moment, that\\namong eighteen hundred manuscripts, already\\ndiscovered, and especially from the numberless\\nones, which further excavations may supply, lost\\nat such a period in one of the most capital\\ncities, in the richest, most frequented, and most\\nlearned province of Italy, an established seat of\\nthe Arts and Sciences, the resort of the most\\ndistinguished Romans, not any part of those\\nillustrious authors should be discovered.\\nBut the Manuscript of Philodemus itself,\\nmakes the reverse of such an idea appear much\\nmore probable. To the moderns, who have\\nUntwisted all the chains, that tie\\nThe hidden soul of harmony,", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "129\\nhis Treatise on Musick cannot, indeed, be sup-\\nposed to communicate much information yet\\nthe subject is scientific, and scientifically treated.\\nThe author himself, too, was one of the most\\neminent men, in his time, for wit, learning, and\\nphilosophy. But in the rest of the arts* and\\nsciences, in history, in poetry, the discovery of\\nany lost writer, either in whole, or in part,\\nwould be deemed a most valuable acquisition,\\nand treasure, and form a new sera in literature.\\nIt is extremely fortunate, that the cha-\\nracters f of these manuscripts, whether they\\nshould be Greek, or Latin, must be very obvi-\\nous and legible. Before the year of our Lord\\nParticularly the ancient mode of cementing in architecture, and on\\nproportions in sculpture and painting,\\nf One of the principal difficulties in copying these manuscripts,\\nappears to consist in supplying the proper letters, or words, at the\\ndifferent chasms.\\nS", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "130\\n79, and some time after it, the majuscnlce, or\\nunciales littcrce, capital letters, were solely used.\\nA page, therefore, in one of these manuscripts,\\nwould present to your Royal Highness an exact\\nimage of some mutilated inscription in those\\nlanguages, on an ancient column, statue, or\\nsepulchre.\\nThere cannot remain a doubt, even omit-\\nting the assurances from men of official situa-\\ntion to that effect, that your Royal Highness s\\nSuperintendent will receive every possible as-\\nsistance from the Royal Herculaneum Academy,\\nand the Neapolitan Government and in that\\ncase it seems improbable, that the object of this\\nmission can be altogether fruitless.\\nWith such a termination of it, however,\\nyour Royal Highness, by having proposed to\\nconcur with his Sicilian Majesty in the quicker,\\nand more effectual developement, transcription,\\nand publication, of these manuscripts, will reap", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "131\\nthe satisfaction of having made a most princely\\nattempt in behalf of knowledge and literature,\\nupon an occasion where their interests might be\\naffected most materially, and in a manner, of\\nwhich no annals have afforded, or can hereafter\\nafford, an example. Even the manuscript of\\nThecla, the world will recollect, notwithstanding\\nsome disputes about the exact date of its anti-\\nquity, has been deemed invaluable, more parti-\\ncularly as corroborating the authority of all the\\nsacred writings, which it embraces. The cele-\\nbrated Montfaucon, so long engaged in quest of\\nsome ancient Greek and Latin manuscripts,\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0A\\nespecially the latter, thought the motive alone\\nof his researches, however fruitless, repaid, with\\ncompetent gratification of conscious merit, all\\nhis literary toil and exertions. In the present\\ninstance, also, your Royal Highnesses very inter-\\nposition will be your glory your want of suc-\\ns 2", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "132\\ncess will only make the learned world feel with\\ngratitude, what you would have done.\\nThis imperfect Narrative seemed the only\\nmethod in my power, of submitting to your\\nRoyal Highness a sketch of those facts, which\\nhave given rise to the present Mission and I\\nshall esteem myself highly honoured, if your\\nRoyal Highness would graciously condescend to\\naccept it.\\nPermit me to subscribe myself,\\nSIR,\\nYour Royal Highnesses most dutiful,\\nObliged, and devoted Servant,\\nJOHN HAYTER.\\nMarch 20tk, 1800.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "XrrU Acnlu*. Xif*iu\\nLcndeth I uhlislml AprU zz i. tu In titrtmr.l Vhittips, Wf J\u00c2\u00abr Bruty*- Street", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "DESCRIPTION\\nOF THE\\nPAPYRUS PLANT.\\nThe respective Drawings of the Papyrus, in-\\nserted in this Appendix, are of that Plant, as it\\ngrows in Sicily, near Syracuse. What I have\\nsaid in page 32 of the Second Letter, seems to\\nmake the insertion of these drawings almost\\nnecessary.\\nThe late ingenious Chevalier Landolini,\\nwhom I have mentioned in a note of the same\\npage, has from the Sicilian Papyrus manufac-\\ntured a substance, of which I have seen a written", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "134\\nspecimen in the Royal Museum at Portiei. By\\nrepeated experiments upon other specimens I\\nhave found, that modern paper itself is not\\nmuch better adapted to the purpose of writing,\\nthan this substance. Hence the Chevalier, in\\nan Italian manuscript Essay, now at Oxford,\\nconcludes, from arguments of much weight at\\nleast, should they not appear convincing to\\nothers, as well as to myself, that this Sicilian\\nPapyrus is the same* with that of iEgypt, as\\ndescribed by Theophrastus, and Pliny.-J* The\\nsame plant grows in the Flora at Palermo, where\\nit was, I think, much neglected.\\nA contrary position is fairly stated by the learned Author of the\\narticles Paper, and Papyrus, in the Encyclopaedia Britannica. To\\nthat work I must refer, except for the original, and translation of Theo-\\nphrastus, De Plantis, lib. 4, which I have inserted in this place.\\nf To these you may add Cassiodorus.", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "135\\nIn Theophrastus, Lib. 4, De Plantis, the\\nPapyrus is described as one of the three iEgyp-\\ntian plants, which, (he says) amongst an infinite\\nnumber of others of that kind, in the same\\ncountry, are the sweetest, and the most nutri-\\ntive, QvsTai is o 7ra7rvpog oin sv (ZdSsi tov viaTog ctAA ogov\\nsv iio nr^sgiv sviayov is koli sXaTTovi. X\\\\.dyog psv ovv\\nT^pifyg napitog dvipog svpdgTov. Mrittog is vrsp ism 7cf\\\\ysig\\npvsTai is vnsp Tr\\\\g yqg dvTY\\\\g 7rXayiag pi\u00c2\u00a3ag sig tov kyiXov\\nnabisiga XsKToig koli ffvitvag, dvoo is rovg %a%vpovg ttaKovpsvovg\\nTpiydoVOVC fJLSysSoC j0\u00c2\u00a3 TSTpClTtfi^Sig K0fJLY]V s^ovTag dyjpsiav KOLl\\ndgSsvri, Kap%ov is oKoog ovisva, TovTovg i* dvaiiioogi koltoL\\n%oXXa fAspri. XpwvTai is roug [jlsv pi^aig dvTi %vXoov ov fjiovov\\nTw Kaisiv aXKa mi Tot gnsvY\\\\ otAAot itoisiv s% dvTov 7rctPToioL7Toi,\\nUoKv yap sysi to %vAov Kai KaXov. dvTog is o itditvpog npog\\nkKsUtol ^pYisifJiog koli yip TrAoFot g\u00c2\u00a3 dvTov, Kai sk Tr\\\\g (Zifihov\\nigTia ts nXsKovgi koli fidSovc Kai sg6r\\\\Tag Tivag koli gTpoofjivdg\\nKOLl gyOlVlOL TS KOLl STSpOL TthSltt. K(Zl SfitpOLVSgTOLTOL JS) To ig\\ns %tt TOt (iifiXlK MdhigTOL is KOLl TCKsigTYl fioYiQetOL TlpOQ TYiV\\nTpo pr\\\\v an avTov yivsTai, MaguvTaiy p v anavTsg oi sv tJJ", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "136\\n2\u00c2\u00a3G0/?a ziXVpOV KOLl cdfJLOV KOLl S p8oV KOLl oXTOV. KoLl TOP fJLSV\\nyvrCov kcltoMivovviv. To F ^oLg^oL etcfZoiXXovov. O fJLSV\\nOVV XCLKVpOQ TQIOVTOC 76 KOLl TOIOLVTOLC 7t0LpS^(6T0Ll TOLC ^BlOlC.\\nU The Papyrus grows not to a whole, but\\nabout two cubits, and sometime less, depth of\\nwater. Moreover the thickness of its root is\\nequal to the wrist of a stout man, and its height\\nmore than ten cubits. It grows, however, above\\nthe ground itself, while it shoots, below, oblique,\\nslender, and numerously-crowded fibres, into the\\nmud, and, above, the papyrus s, as they are called,\\nof a triangular form, not less in measure than\\nfour cubits, or thereabout, with an unserviceable,\\nfeeble leaf, and totally without fruit of any kind,\\nand it produces these (papyrus s) in many parts.\\nBut, instead of wood, they use not only the\\nfibres for fuel, but also make from (the whole\\nplant) itself utensils of every species, quite dif-\\nferent, (from fuel) because the plant has woody\\nmaterials in great quantity, and of good ap-", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "137\\npearance. In truth, the Papyrus itself* is\\nserviceable for very many things, as they form,\\nout of it vessels for navigation; besides that,\\nfrom its rind they form not only sails, but mats,\\nand certain dresses, and coverings, and even\\nropes, and many other things, and books, f which\\nare, indeed, the most distinguished by the\\nattention of foreigners. But, what is the greatest\\ncircumstance of all, it yields even a considerable\\nsupply for nutriment, for every one in the coun-\\ntry chews the Papyrus, as well in a raw, as in a\\nboiled, and roasted state and they swallow,\\nindeed, the juice, but eject the cud. The\\nPapyrus, in a word, is of such a nature, and from\\nitself supplies useful objects of such a quality.\\nIn its whole bulk, and stock, as distinguished from the roots, and\\nbranches.\\nf The force of the original j3/|3A*a, books, and |3fj3Xc rind, or\\nbark, must be lost in a translation.\\nT", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "I l.il /.M\\nl.rnJs-i.J:d-!tsh..l April Vi. /l", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "I l III\\nSrr\\\\e traftftMBuL\\nCondon Published SprU ssfuSn by TtichariUPhillips A 1 ..Yen ftruioe Street,", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "S\u00c2\u00ablr SruV l\\nL. tuiott PtiMu toi Jfvil M* I i*jiihi r s .1 v 7JSfm Bridstt Street", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "PI r J.\\nMr fc^m\u00c2\u00bb\u00c2\u00bbl\\nI ndi ii J ubluhrtl Jprii .Xii", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "A BRIEF REMARK\\nUPON THE\\nHERCULANENSIA.\\nAs the Manuscript Ilsfi tm \u00c2\u00aesm, published in\\nthe Herculanensia, dedicated to his Royal High-\\nness the Prince, was decyphered, and its lacunce\\nfilled up by me, it may be proper, that I just\\nadvert to it in this Appendix of my Letter,\\naddressed to his Royal Highness.\\nIt has given me some pain, not unmingled\\nwith surprise, to observe the criticisms which\\nhave been made on this Manuscript in some of\\nthe Reviews. The Authors of the Herculanensia\\nwere absent, as they themselves have assured\\nme, from London, when the greatest part of that\\nt 2", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "140\\nbook was re-printed from a copy already printed\\nat Palermo, in which the errors of the press\\nwere innumerable. Many of those errors have,\\nunfortunately, been retained in the edition\\nprinted at London, where there was no person\\nbut the printer himself to correct the press. I\\nthen saw, with grief, much critical hostility di-\\nrected against manifest errors of the press, and\\nI lamented to see so much anger, and so much\\nerudition, expended on blunders, that every\\nscholar could amend, and every school-boy could\\ndetect. I flattered myself that these instances\\nof false orthography in Greek would have been\\nattributed to the errors of the press, and not to\\nthe author of the Supplements. In one page\\nof the Herculanensia, Tarquinius Prise us is called\\nthe sun of a Corinthian. Now, really, 1 should\\nhave as soon have thought of hearing a critic\\ncalling out to Mr. Walpole, a man of profound\\nlearning, that he had made a great mistake in", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "141\\nwriting sun for so?i 9 as of being myself attacked\\nwith the remarks, that I had written vikJol for\\nnil*, c. c. There may be, and there probably\\nare, wrong conjectures in my Supplements but\\nI ought not to repent of having discharged the\\nduties, which his Royal Highness has so graci-\\nously imposed upon me, in consequence of any\\nobjections that may have been raised against\\nmere errors of the press.\\nFINIS.\\nG. Sidney, Printer,\\nNorthumberland Street, Strand, London.", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4064", "width": "3035", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4142", "width": "2958", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0080\u009ec*i*\\nLIBRARY OF\\nCONGRESS\\n\u00c2\u00b0\u00c2\u00b03 221 958\\nI\\nM\\ni;.t\\nI\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0je\\nHT\\ni ir\\n1 1\\n^H\\nh\\nJ I M", "height": "4150", "width": "3058", "jp2-path": "reportuponhercul00hayt_0170.jp2"}}