{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3318", "width": "2053", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG I^ATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION\\nANNUAL REPORTS\\nSECEETAEY OF WAR\\n1893 1891: 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899\\nWASHINGTON\\nGOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE\\n1900", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "-GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARV PARK OOJlMISSIOiX\\n\u00c2\u00a5^Y\\nANNUAL REPORTS\\nSECEETAKY OF WAR\\n1893 1894 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899\\nWASHINGTON\\nGOVERNMENT PRINTING OS BlcJiJ\\n19", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": ".U58\\nSmithsonian.\\n17 0*00\\nD. nf D.", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "SECRETARIES OF WAR\\nHon. Daniel S. Lamoxt\\nHon. Russell A. Alger\\nHon. Elihu Eoot\\nUNITED STATES GETTYSBURG COMMISSION\\nLieut. Col. John P. Nicholson, Chainnan.\\nAppointed May 25, 1893.\\nMajor William M. Robbins.\\nAppointed March 18, 1894.\\nMajor Charles A. Richardson.\\nAppointed April 25, 1895.\\nJohn B. Bachelder, Esq.\\nAppointed May 25, 1893.\\nDied December 22, 1894.\\nBrig. Gen. VV. H. Forney.\\nAppointed May 25, 1893.\\nDied January 16, 1894.\\nBvt. Lieut. Col. E. B. Cope, Engineer.\\nMr. S. Augustine Hammond, Assistant Engineer.\\nMr. H. W. Mattern, Assistant Engineer and Draftsman.", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK\\n(COMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 189:].\\nGettysburg, Pa., November 16, 1803.\\nSir: The commission was appointed May 25, 1893, by Secretary of\\nWar Daniel S. Lamont, and consisted of Lieut. Col. John P. Nichol-\\nson, John 1j. Bachelder, esq., and Brig. Gen. W. II. Forney.\\nThe letter of instruction for the guidance of the commission was\\ndated May 29, 1893, and the board assembled for organization May\\n31, 1893. Present, Colonel Nicholson and Mr. Bachelder. General\\nForney absent, detained by sickness at his home.\\nUpon organization the commission found important lines of battle\\noccupied by an electric railway, the construction of which had begun\\nearly in April, 1893. After inspecting the road and the land over\\nwhich it was constructed, on Jul} 1 the full board assembled and\\nselected Col. E. B. Cope as topographical engineer. He was appointed\\nand the assistants selected, a room for the commission rented at Get-\\ntysburg, and the survey of the field was at once commenced and has\\nbeen daily continued.\\nTlie first work was to establish a meridian, which in all tliesurvej^s\\nsince the war had never been done. The datum point of reference\\nwas the center of the square in the tow n of Gett^ sburg, and a meridian\\nline was estalilished on the high ground of the Gettysburg Battlefield\\nMemorial Association, near Hancock avenue.\\nThe north point of this line is near the monument of the One hun-\\ndred and twenty-sixth New York Infantry, and the soutli point near\\nthe line of the Benner property. The line was subsequently extended\\nsouth to the Tenth New York Infantiy Monument.\\nThe location of the town of Gettysburg, geographically, has been\\ndetermined to be latitude 39\u00c2\u00b0 49 15 and longitude from Washington\\n(f 14: 0 west; the altitude above tide water at the Center Square,\\n550 feet.\\nUsing this meridian as a base of operations, there has been run\\nmany miles of back-sight transit lines on various i^arts of the field.\\nThe commissioners completed the examination of the Seminary\\nRidge line on August 3, from the Blocher property, on the Hagers-\\ntown road, south to and beyond the McMillan Woods, and decided to\\nsurvey a preliminary line at once. The line begins at the Blocher\\nBuilding and runs south to the Emmitsburg road at the James Felix\\nproperty and traverses the line that was taken up and occupied by the\\nConfederate army during the greater i^art of the second and tliird\\ndays battle and affords a view of the entire line from the cemetery to\\nRound Top. It has since been surveyed and extended to the Ridge\\nroad, 4,500 feet south.\\nUpon tliis avenue, and in rear of it, there remain many traces of\\nthe Confederate breastworks, and in all cases where stone walls were\\n5", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "6 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nremainini!: that wore known to havo boon used for dofonsivo purposes,\\nthey Avere included within the avenue.\\nAt tlie norlli side of this aA enne is a. piece of timber conlaininii\\nabout 4 acres, wiiere the Confederate artillery Avas jjosted, which is\\nincluded in the survey; also the Spauii ler Woods, in which arc reuiains\\nof breast Avorks, containiui* about :2. acres, situated near the middle\\nof the avenue, Avas surveyed aud computed. All the Avork Avas con-\\nn H ted Avith the nuu-idian by the Emmitsbur.u road.\\nOn .Vuii ust ]4 a Confedei-ate aA cnue Avas surveyed, Avhich Avas tem-\\nporarily named the Outside AVheatlield aA enue, beginnin.u at the\\nEmnutsburii road, SOO feet soutlnvest of the crossroads at the Peach\\nOrchard, runuiuii easterly to the lands of the JNIenuu-ial .Vssociatiou,\\nthence in a southeasterly direction by the lands of the Memorial xVsso-\\nciation, and terminating on a AA est line of the CraAvford tract, near\\nDevil s Den.\\nOn August Hi aud 17 the CraAvl ord tract Avas surveyed and fouml\\nto ccmtain about 47 acres, Avhich Avas nuipped in connection Avith the\\nTipton property aud lauds of the 31eui )i ial Association.\\nOn .Vugust IS a transit line Avas run froui the Emmitsburg road on\\nthe crossroad to II. Spaugler s Avoods, and thence to the Seminary\\nllidgi line.\\nOn August il- and ^ly tlu surAcy Avas made on the line of the Memo-\\nrial Association on Little Kound Top, aud also on the bcnindary lines\\nof the Tipton property, iuchuled between the said association prop-\\nerty and the CraAvford tract.\\nOn August 24 the lines of the Pfeffer, Benner, and Codori proper-\\nties AA cre surveyed. This surA ej^ AA as completed September 10.\\nOn Septeuiber 11 surA ey Avas made of a lot of gTound belonging to\\nChai les Starner on the Seminary Kiilge avenue line, Avith a view to\\npurchase the properly.\\nOn the 1-Mh and M\\\\\\\\ the properties of .lauies Eelix, at the end of\\nthe aAcnue on the Euimitsburg road, Avas surveyed and also tlie lines\\non the properties of .Mi-. Wolf and .Airs. Plank. These properties\\nare connecting on the avenue line and reach from the Wheattield\\nroad to the Euimitsburg roail.\\nOn Sei)tember -0 a transit line Avas nmde at the intersection of Rey-\\nnolds avenue aud C hambcrsburg street in Oettysburg, Avhich Avas con-\\ntinued out the Chambersburg pike to Willoughby Kun, and from near\\nthis point two aACuues Avere run on the east side of the stream, ending\\nat the Springs Hotel bridge. The other one, beginning on the west\\nside of tlie bridge and folloAving the right bank of Willoughby Kun,\\nterminates in a public road that leads in a northwesterly direction to\\nthe llerr TaAcru road.\\nOn September to _; tlu^ preliminary line for another aA enne AA^as\\nsurA eyed. It begins at a point on tlu Chambersl)urg i)ike 880 feet\\nAvest of Willoughby Kun bridge, crossing the Springs Hotel property\\nin a southerly direction, and ends at the HagerstoAvn road. This line\\nwas prolonged several miles to a previously located conuecting point\\non the Seminary Jxidge line.\\nOn September \u00e2\u0096\u00a0_ commenced a transit line upon lieynolds and\\nKuford avenues to the line of timber beyond the 5lumiuasburg road\\non the property of John Forney. Here Ave began a line for another\\naA^enue in an easterly general direction to the Carlisle road; thence\\ncontinuing through property of the l^locher heirs and across Koek\\nCreek; then in a southeasterly general direction to tlie Harrisburg\\nroad at the J. r enner House, continuing the line in the same general", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBTTRG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 7\\ndiivctiou across the AVesteni ^Maryland Railroad and Yoi-k pike to\\nthe suiiuuit of Beuners Uidi;e. From this point there was run a straight\\nline to Benuers Hill, and there the survey was temporarily suspended.\\nOn September 28 began a careful survey of the field in the vicinity\\nof the Springs Hotel, the object of which was to map that territory to\\ntlie minutest detail, showing also all the projected Confederate ave-\\nnues. The survey embraces an area of about ItV square miles. It has\\nbeen carefully mapped, traced, and bluci printed. This survey and\\nthe ottice work necessary to complete the map occupied the attention\\nof the engineer corps until October 10.\\nOn October 11 there was run a line from the point in the center of\\nthe square of the town by the Hanover road to a point connecting\\nour line on Beuners Hill, and also triangulated to the same i)oint from\\nEast Cemetery Hill.\\nThe engineer corps is now at work oii a detailed sui-vey of East\\nCemetei-yand Culps Hill and the ground to the east and other adjoin-\\ning lands.\\nOn August 28 the commissioners addressed a pi oposilion to the\\nattorneys representing heirs of the estate of General Crawford to\\npurchase the land known as the Crawford tract for #700. The prop-\\nosition Avas accepted after approval by the Secretary of War, and the\\ndeeds are now being executed.\\nOn September 18 the commissioners purchased from Mr. Chai-les\\nStarner 5. 20 acres of land, at $oO per acre. The purchase Avas ratified\\nby the Secretary of War, and the deed is now being executed.\\nOn August 23 an excursion i arty from Winchester, Ya., many of\\nwhom (vetei ans of the Stonewall lirigade) had been at the battle,\\nvisited (Gettysburg. They went over the field in company with the\\ncommissioners (Mr. Bachelder and General Forney havi)ig gone to\\nHagerstown, Md., to meet them) and marked a number of positions\\nof the respective commands of the Confederate army on Gulps Hill\\nand elsewhere, and returned to theii homes in the evening. They\\nseemed deeply impressed with the importance of this work and enthu-\\nsiastic in their assurance of cooi^e ration from the Confederate veterans.\\nA summary of tlie field Avork of the engineer corps under the\\ndirection of the commission shows the following:\\nTwenty-seven miles of public roads have been run and a ijreliminary\\nsurvey of 20 miles of avenues and proposed avenues was made, and\\n24 miles of property lines. As the work of constructing the avenues\\nprogresses other surveys will be necessary. The work Jias been\\nplotted on a scale of 1 inch to 500 feet and i-educed to one-half that\\nsize. Part of tlie work has been enlarged to 1 inch to 400 feet, and\\nalso 1 inch to 200 feet, which is the scale of the large Warren map, 12\\nfeet square.\\nA large portion of the work has been traced and l)luc printed.\\nThe commission has not thought it wise to open avenues until such\\ntimes as land can be j^urcliased at reasonable prices. This, it is\\nbelieved, may be accomplished by watching the opportunity to buy\\nodd lots which will be needed in open market at popular rates, by\\nwhich plan the commission will not onl}- secure lands desired, but a\\npi-ecedent Avill be established for the use of the court should the\\nnecessity for condemnation in-oceedings arise.\\nBy the opening of spring the commission will be in condition to\\ncommence the construction of avenues and the locating on them of\\ntablets nuirking the positions of troops.\\nVarious communications, copies of which wen promptly trans-", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "8 GETTYSBUKG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nmitted to the Secretary of War, passed between the eoirimissioners\\naud the president of tlie electric railway, Mr. Iloffer. The position\\nassumed by the commission, under the guidance of the Secretary\\nof War, resulted in a suspension of the work upon the electric road\\nat the parts the occupation of which had been objected to by the\\nrepresentatives of the Secretary of War. While all has not been\\naccomplished that the commissioners desired in this connection, tliej\\nfeel justified in expressing the opinion that the road will eventually\\nbe removed from historic localities, at a small expense to the Govern-\\nment.\\nThe hearty sj^mpathy and cooperation of the Secretary of War in the\\nefforts of the commission to remove the electric road from the occu-\\npation of tlie prominent parts of the battlefield has been a source of\\ngreat satisfaction, and the board can not refrain from the mention of\\nthis fact.\\nThe work of the commission has been hampered by the expecta-\\ntions of numerous people representing various interests, in their\\ndemands for high prices for land. Tims far their efforts have been\\nunsuccessful, as shown by this repcn-t.\\nRECOMMENDATIONS.\\nFor the purpose of purchasing lands for avenues and marking the\\npositions of troops embraced by tlie recent surveys, for the construc-\\ntion and fencing of the avenues, and for the manufacture of tablets\\nand other markers to nuirk the positions of troops it is recommended\\nthat a sum not less than $50,000 be appropriated.\\nJohn P. Nicholson,\\nJohn 1 Bachelder,\\nW. H. Forney,\\nCommissioners.\\nTlio Secretary of War.\\nBLUR PRINTS ACCOMPANYING REPORT.\\n1.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Crawford property.\\n2. Pfeffer, Codori, Beniier, and adjoining properties.\\n3.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Starner property.\\n4. Felix property.\\n5.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plank property.\\n6. Hancock avenue, etc.\\n7.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Springs Hotel property, etc.\\n8. Codori property (part of).\\n9. Pfeffer property,\\n10. Benner property.\\n11.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Memorial Association property (part of),\\n12.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gettysburg Electric Railroad Company (part of).\\n13.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A map of the vicinity of Gettysburg, showing the work of engineer corps\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0of the United States Gettysburg Battlefield Conmiission from July 26 to Novem-\\nber 1, 1893.\\n14. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Map showing the avenues secured, upon which are located the brigades of\\ninfantry and battalions of artillery engaged in the battle of Gettysburg.", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "ANNUAL liEPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK\\nCOMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF ^VAR, 1894.\\nWar Department,\\nGettysburg Battlefield Commission,\\nGettysburg, Pa., November 12, 189Jf.\\nSir: The commission have the honor to submit their second an-\\nnual report from October, 1893, to November 12, 1894. The lilue\\nprints taken from maps of original work projected by this commis-\\nsion, surveyed and completed and which ai-e numerous, will be bound\\ntogether and transmitted to tlie Secretary of W^ar.\\nIt is the policy of the commission to make the report one of prog-\\nress.\\nFrom the date of tlie last report field work w^as continued until the\\nbeginning of snow, and also at intervals through the winter. Active\\noperations in the field were resumed in Marcli and have been con-\\ntinued to this date.\\nThe work of the engineer department of the commission lias been\\npei formed with great fidelity under the guidance of Bvt. Lieut.\\nCol. E. B. Cope and Mr. S. A. Hammond, his able assistant, and in-\\ncludes a large amount of surveying and mapping of tracts of land\\nfor avenues, laying out, leveling, cross-sectioning, preparing maps\\nand specifications of the avenues proposed and j^rojected and sections\\nof avenues for tlie use of contractors.\\nAttention has been given to survej^s to harmonize conflicting prop-\\nerty lines where the projierty liounded by one or more of such lines\\nwas about to be purchased for the United States; also careful sur-\\nveys and maps of the present loop of the Gettysburg Electric Rail-\\nroad have been prejiared for the use of the VTOvernment.\\nA scheme for the complete and exhaustive topographical study of\\nthe field was begun last year and has been kept in view and con-\\ntinued whenever time and opportunity afforded, as follows: To make\\nan accurate and complete instrumental survey of the entire battle-\\nfield, and to make it on a scale of 200 feet to the inch, consisting of\\n25 sheets, 27 by 28^ inches, each representing a square of the iield\\n5,400 feet wide east and west and 5,G60 feet north and south.\\nThis map is intended to show the streams, roads, buildings of everj\\ndescription, monuments and markers, avenues, timber, earthworks,\\nstone walls, fence Hues, and rocks; all the undulations will be shown\\nby contour lines for every 4 feet difference of level. Much of t his work\\nactually done will appear by implication. Surveys have already been\\nfinished for three sheets. The proper mapping of the balance of the\\nfield work will engage the attention of the corps during the inchMuent\\nwinter weather. The oflice has also included bnsides original work\\n9", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "10 GETTYSBURG :NATI0NAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\ncopies of the large Warren map. Diii-ing tlie past year a number of\\npositions of troops have been marked by visitors to the field who were\\nsoldiers and took part in tlie battle, and where tliese positions were\\nreliable they were located upon our base map.\\nOn August 11 General Lewis, Colonel Tate, and Colonel Keenan, of\\nNorth Carolina, visited the battlefield and located the position of\\nmany of the North Carolina troops. Gen. II. Ileth, late of the Con-\\nfederate States Army and of the Antietani Battlefield Commission,\\nvisited the field and located the position of the two batteries of his\\ncommand from whicli the first shots were fired and tliat opened the\\nbattle upon the Confederate line.\\nOn October 30 a committee of the Seventh West Virginia Infantry\\nlocated ilieir battle line on the Pfeffer property, near Ziegler s Grove.\\nIt is the intention of the board of commissioners to address a com-\\nmunication to the governoi of all the States, requesting them to name\\nrepresentatives of the organizations that were present, for tlie pur-\\npose of locating every movement made by troops during the battle.\\nOne principal Confederate avenue has been decided uijon. It reaches\\nfrom the Ilagerstown road to a point 2,470 feet beyond the Emmits-\\nburg road, upon the ridge occupied bj the main line of the Confeder-\\nate army during the 2d and od of Jnly, ISGo. It has been divided\\ninto five sections. Section 4 is under contract and will be completed\\nthis early winter. Section 5 is also under contract.\\nIt was found from the surveys made that an avenue 500 feet wide\\nwould include all the Confederate earthworks from the Ilagerstown\\nroad to the Codori line, a distance of o,500 feet. From this line south\\nto the Wheatfield road an avenue 150 feet wide would embrace the\\nprincipal works, except those that were located in Spanglers Woods.\\nThis part of the avenue would be 9,!)ol feet long, and the avenue\\nbetween the extreme points named would contain 74 acres of ground.\\nA calculation of the area of the avenue for different widths between\\nthe extreme points is as follows\\nAcres.\\n60 feet wide, 18.341 feet long 18i\\n100 feet wide, 13,341 feet long 31\\n150 feet wide, 13.341 feet long 46^\\nThe principal avenue has been divided into five sections:\\nSection 1, from Blocher s house to the Codoi-i line, 3,700 feet.\\nSection 2, from Codori line to Spanglers Run, 3,700 feet.\\nSection 3, from Spanglers Run to Wheatfield road, 4,800 feet.\\nSection 4, from Wheatfield road to Emmitsburg road, 3,700 feet.\\nSection 5, from Emmitsburg roaa to present end of avenue, 2,470\\nfeet.\\nOn April 11 drawings and specifications for bids on section 4 of\\navenue were furnished to the following contractors: L. E. JNIiller,\\nCape May, N. J. R. W. Johnson, Wayne, Pa. IVI. T. E. Farrell,\\nWestchester, Pa. Patricinus McManus, Philadelphia, Pa. James\\nP. ]\\\\Iangen, Gettysburg, Pa.; B. B. Gouder, Straushurg, Pa.; Pollard,\\nMurtagh Moore, Philadelphia, Pa. Wai d tfe Strieker, Ilarrisburg-,\\nPa. Ilafer Brothers, Chambersburg, Pa. Owen Patterson, Baltimore,\\nMd. Slayer Boyer, Harrislnirg, Pa.\\nFrom the 13th to the 21st of April a majority of those having\\nreceived specifications for section 4 of the avenue visited Gettysburg*\\nfor the purpose of viewing the locality, and were taken over the\\nground, and on the 21st five bids were handed in, namely. Slayer", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 11\\nBoj er, Harrisbnrg-, Pa.; B. Goiider, Straiisburg, Pa.; Farrell\\nBro., Westchester. Pa.; Richard W. Johnson, Wayne, Pa., and P.\\nMcManus, Philadelphia, Pa.\\nOn October 1 two bids were received for the constrnction of section\\n5 of avenue. These were opened on the 3d instant and considered by\\nthe commission.\\nDaring the year the following properties have been purchased by\\ndirection of the Secretary of War: The Bushman tract or farm, the\\nCrawford tract, the Charles Starner tract, the Felix tract, the Mrs.\\nPlank tract.\\nThe Secretary of War has authorized the purchase of the McMillan\\ntract and the Blocher tract.\\nAll efforts to induce the Gettysburg Electric Railroad to vacate the\\nlines of battle in what is known as the Loop, the Devil s Den, and\\nthrough the Valley of Death having failed, the commissioners\\nrequested the Secretary of War to proceed to condemn. Proceed-\\nings were commenced in the United States circuit court at Philadel-\\nphia. After various delays, on June 8, 1804, the Attorney-General\\nof the United States directed proceedings to be commenced against\\nthe electric railway at Gettysburg, under the joint resolution of\\nCongress.\\nAugust 1, 1804, the first hearing before the jury in the trolley case\\nwas postponed at the request of the electric railroad until September\\n11, 1894. On September 11, 1894, there was a second hearing before\\nthe jury at Gettysburg, and which was continued until September 15,\\n1894, when they adjourned for argument in Philadelphia. The jury\\nawarded the sum of -1.80,000 damages to the electric company. Upon\\nNovember 12 the company appealed from this award as being inade-\\nquate, and the commission will appeal, with the approval of the Sec-\\nretary of War, upon the ground that the danmges are excessive and\\ndetrimental to the best interests of the United States.\\nOn Januar}^ 1(3, 1894, General Forney died at his home, Jackson-\\nville, Ala. Mai-ch, 1 894, Maj. William M. Robbins, of Statesville, N. C.\\nwhose service upon the field was with the Fourth Alabama Infantry,\\nwas appointed by the Secretary of War to fill the vacancy occasioned\\nby the death of General Forney.\\nAt the annual meeting of the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Asso-\\nciation a resolution was unanimously adopted, authorizing the exec-\\nutive committee to take the necessary measures to transfer the prop-\\nerty of the association to the United States.\\nThe commission respectfully request that the following may be sub-\\nmitted, with the approval of the Secretarj^ of War, for the guidance\\nof the Congress\\nFor continuing the work of surveying, locating, and preserving the\\nlines of battle at Gettysburg, Pa., and for purchasing, opening, con-\\nstructing, and improving avenues along the portions occupied by the\\nvarious commands of the armies of the Potomac and Northern Vir-\\nginia on that field, and for fencing the same; and for the purchase,\\na1- private sale or by condemnation, of such parcels of laud as the Sec-\\nretary of War may deem necessary for the sites of tablets, and for\\nthe construction of the said avenues.; for determining the leading\\ntactical positions and properly mai-king the same with tablets of bat-\\nteries, regiments, brigades, divisions, corps, and other organizations\\nwith reference to the study and correct understanding of the battle,\\neach tablet bearing a brief historical legend, compiled without praise", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "12 GETTYSBUEa NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nand without censure, $50,000, to be expended under the direction of\\nthe Secretary of War.\\nAnd the Secretary of War is hereby authorized to accept, on behalf\\nof the United States, donations of land for road or other purposes.\\nOn November 3, 1893, the field was visited by the Secretary of War\\nand Mrs. Lamont. On July 14 and 15, 1894, and again on August 14,\\n15, and 16, the Assistant Secretary of War, Joseph B. Doe, visited\\nthe field. The great interest always manifested by the War Depart-\\nment in the work of preserving the great- battlefield of the war is\\nextremely gratifying to the board.\\nRespectfull}-,\\nJohn P. Nicholson,\\nWm. M. Robbins,\\nCommissioners.\\nThe Secretary of War.\\nLIST OF BLUE PRINTS ACCOMPANYING THIS REPORT.\\n15.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Crawford property.\\n16. The Crawford pro]ierty.\\n22. New map of the field, central sheet.\\n24. Confederate avenue.\\n25. Confederate avenue, section 4.\\n26. John L. Sherfy tract.\\n27. William Martin tract.\\n28. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Electric railroad tract.\\n29.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 J. O. Blocher tract.\\n30. Israel,Grenoble tract.\\n31. Land company tract. No. 1.\\n32.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 S. J. Drum tract.\\n33.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 O. D. McMillan tract.\\n34. Land company tract, No. 2.\\n35. Barrett, heirs, tract.\\n30. Electric railroad tract.\\n37.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 R. E. Wible tract.\\n38.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 George Wolf tract.\\n39.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 John L. Sherfy tract.\\n40.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 N. Flaharty tract.\\n41.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 W. Martin tract.\\n42. G. Spangler tract. No. 1.\\n43. Land company tract. No. 4.\\n44.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 G. Spangler tract, No. 2.\\n45. S. J. Codori tract.\\n46. Land company tract, No. 3.\\n47. Confederate avenue, section 5.\\n48. Plank and other properties.\\n50. Positions of Confederate artillery.\\n51. Positions of Confederate artillery.\\n52. Electric railroad tract.\\n52A. Electric railroad tract.\\n52B. Electric railroad tract.\\n53. Electric railroad loop.\\n53A.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Electric railroad loop.\\n54. A tract of land for the Buford statue.\\n55. The site for the Reynolds monument.\\n56. Property lines between Starner, Plank, and Wible.\\n57.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Mrs. J. E. Plank tract.\\n58. Detail drawings of gun carriages.\\n59.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Drawings of mounted gnn.\\n60. John L. Sherfy tract.\\n61. A survey of the Wible farm.", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 13\\n63.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 James Felix tract.\\n63. George Wolf tract.\\n64.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 O. D. McMillan tract.\\n65.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 S. J. Drum tract.\\n66. New map of the field, Peach Orchard sheet.\\n67.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 New map of the field, Round Top sheet.\\nLIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS REPORT.\\nLaying foundation stone on section 4 Confederate avenue.\\nCross section foundation pavement, section 4, Confederate avenue.\\nPutting U-inch stone on section 4, Confederate avenue.\\nSection 4, Confederate avenue, from Emmitsburg road.\\nGrading section 5, Confederate avenue, Emmitsburg road.\\nGrading on section 5, Confederate avenue.", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "ANNIUL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK\\nCOMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 1895.\\nWar Department, Gettysburg National Park,\\nCMfysburg, Pa., October 35, 1S95.\\nSir: The Gettj^sburg National Park Commission respeetfnUy sub-\\nmit tlie followinii: r.tatement of the progress and present condition of\\nthe work:\\nMILITARY AVENUES.\\nAr tlie date when our report as the Battlefiekl Commission was\\nmade hist year the only roadway in process of construction was sec-\\ntion 4 of the Confederate avenue, from the Wheatfield road to the\\nEmmitsburg road along Seminary Ridge. During tlie present year\\nthere have been constructed sections 5, 0, and 7 of Confederate ave-\\nnue extending south from the Emmitsburg road to the southern limits\\nof the battlefield, thence eastward crossing Plum Run, and up along\\nthe west sh)pe of Round Top to Kilpatrick avenue; also an avenue\\nknown as United States avenue from the Emmitsburg road eastward\\nvia the Trostle House to Hancock avenue. There is now being con-\\nstructed what is known as Seminary avenue, running south from the\\nChambersburg pike along Seminary Ridge to some distance beyond\\nthe Ilagerstown road, and as soon as the right of way can be secured\\nthis avenue will Ije extended along said ridge to the WliCatfield road\\nand connect with section 4 of C onfederate avenue, long since com-\\npleted. Hancock avenue, which runs from the national cemetery\\ngate southward along the main Union line of battle to the end of\\nUnited States avenue, is now being converted into a Telford road 25\\nfeet wide, with two side loops 20 feet wide reaching out to interesting\\nlocalities.\\nAn avenue is also undtn- contract running from the Wheatfield road\\nsoutli on the bt)rder of the Valley of Death to the Devil s Den, and\\nthence around and following the line of battle of the Third Corps to\\nthe Crawford land line.\\nAll these avenues ]iav(^ been and are being constructed on the Tel-\\nford system, whicli was a(k)pted after full consideration and study of\\nthe subject as promising the best results in solidity and durabilitj\\\\\\nThe stone used is syenitic granite and ironstone, very hard and of excel-\\nlent quality. A foundation pavement is laid of S-inch wedgelike stones\\nset on edge and Avell knapped and chinked; on this 4 inches of stone\\n14^ inches in size; then a slight layer of clay as a binder, and finally a\\ntop dressing of 1 or 2 inches of quarter-inch stone screenings; the\\nwhole rolled thoronghlj^ with a steam roller weighing, 14 tons; side and\\nunder drains are placed where needed. The results of the above\\nmethod and process are roadwaj-s smooth and solid and which will\\nlast for generations.\\n15", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "1() GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nBRIDGES.\\nTwo bridges have been built, over Phim Run, one on United States\\navenue, tlie othei- on section 7, Confederate avenue. They are mas-\\nsively built of Getty sbui g granite, the foundations deep, the super-\\nstructure of steel G-inch I bai-s weighing 15 pounds per foot, the road-\\nway 22 feet wide of o-inch oak plank, cap stones on the abutments,\\nand railings of iron.\\nSTEEL TOWERS.\\nFour steel towers, to l)e constructed upon a design prepared by the\\nengineer, Col. E. B. Cope, and approved by the commission, have been\\ncontracted for and are now being erected b} the A^ai iety Iron Works,\\nof Cleveland, Ohio. No. 1 is GO feet high and stands on the summit\\nof Big Round Top; No. 2 is 75 feet high, on Seminary Ridge, near the\\nWheattield road; No. 3, 75 feet high, is on Seminary Ridge, near the\\nMummasl)ui g road, and overlooks specially the scene of tlie first day s\\nfight; No. 4, GO feet high, is on the summit of Culps Hill. Nos. 1 and 2\\nare nearly finished, and all four will be completed within a month.\\nFENCING.\\nBesides a large amount of stone fencing repaired and rebuilt along\\nbattle lines of l)oth arnnes as it stood at tlie time of the battle, the\\ncommission are having constructed a fence along the completed ave-\\nnues wherever needed, with gales at proper locations. This fence is\\ncomposed of round locust posts, iron capped, Avitli four galvanized\\n1-inch gas pipes for the railings, Avith two No. 8 galvanized wires in the\\nlower intervals. J he whole is over 44 feet high, Acrj^ strong and\\nhandsome.\\nGUN CARRIAGES.\\nThe volunteer batteries of the Union Ai-my on the grounds of the\\nMemorial Association are generally representetl by one gun and\\nmounted upon inferior carriages. This commission resolved to sub-\\nstitute an improved iron gun carriage. Sixty-two new cari-iages have\\nbeen contracted for. Of these about 3G have been furnished by the.\\ncontractor and placed on the field and mounted with the kind of gun\\nused by each battery, respectively, in the battle. The others will be\\nput in i)Osition as soon as sujjplied by the contractor. Excellent\\ngranite foundation stones support each carriage. The following have\\nalready been placed on the Union lines, viz:\\nOne carriage and 10-pound Parrott (Knap s Battery), Culps Hill.\\nOne carriage, Napoleon gun. on Barlows Knoll.\\nThree carriages and 10 pt)und Parrotts on Little Round Top.\\nSix carriages and 3-inch rlHes (Rickettss Battery), on East Cemetery Hill,\\nThree carriages and Napoleon guns (Stewert s Batter} on East Cemetery Hill.\\nThree carriages and 3-inch rifles (right of Ricketts s Battery), on East Cemetery\\nHill.\\nThree carriages and 3- inch rifles Wiedrich s New York Batterv) on East Ceme-\\ntery Hill.\\nAll of these guns on East Cemetery Hill occu]\\\\v redoubts used by\\nsaid batteries in the battle.\\nOn the Confederate lines the following have l)een placed lo mark\\npositions of batteries, viz:\\nOne carriage and Confederate Napoleon gun (Taylor s Battery), section 4, Con-\\nfederate avenue.\\nOne carriage and 3- inch rifle (Parkers Battery), section 4, Confederate avenue.", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK CONMISSION. 17\\nOne carriage and ;5-inch rifle (Jordan s Battery), section 4. Confederate avenne.\\nTwo carriages and I O-pound Parrotts (Woolfolk s Battery), section 4, Confed-\\nerate avenne.\\n(The above belonged to Alexander s Battalion,)\\nOne carriage and howitzer (section Carlton s Battery), section 4, Confederate\\navenue.\\nOne carriage and o-inch rifle Manly s North Carolina Battery), section 4, Con-\\nfederate avenue.\\nOne carriage and 10-pound Parrott (section Carlton s Battery), section 4, Con-\\nfederate avenue.\\nOne carriage and 10-pound Parrott (McCarthy s Battery) section 4, Confederate\\navenue.\\nOne carriage and o-inch rifle (Frazers Batterj-), section 4, Confederate avenue.\\n(These belonged to Caliells Battalion.)\\nOne carriage and Napoleon gun (Latham s North Carolina Battery), section 5,\\nConfederate avenue.\\nOne carriage and Napo.eon gun (Garden s South Carohna Battery), section 5,\\nConfederate avenue.\\nOne carriage and 10-pound Parrott (Bachman s South Carolina Battery), section\\n5, Confederate avenue.\\nOne carriage and Napoleon gun (section Eeilly s North Carolina Battery), sec-\\ntion T), Confederate avenue.\\nTwo carriages and o-inch rifles (section Reillys North Carolina Battery), sec-\\ntion ti. Confederate avenue.\\nThese belonged to Henry s Battalion.\\nPOSITIONS AND MOVEMENTS OF TROOPS.\\nThe position and evolutions of the varions eoinniands of the Union\\nArmy weve mostly determined and marked by the ^Memorial Associa-\\ntion. But those of the Confederate army remained for the commis-\\nsion to ascertain and locate, Mnch attention has been given to this.\\nSnrviving Confederate officers and soldiers have been invited to visit\\nthe field; also the anthorities of the Southern States have been re-\\nquested to send commissioners representing Confederate commands to\\npoint out positions. The responses from the South to these invitations\\nand requests have been very encouraging, and the commission have had\\nthe aid of nianj^ Confederate soldiers of intelligence, some of high rank,\\nin fixing positions and movements of Confederate troops. Additions\\nto our information on these points are being constantly made. All\\npositions ascertained are, of course, carefully noted on our topograph-\\nical maps, as well as upoii the field, so that they can not be lost. With-\\nout going into particulars, the commission feel sure that they will be\\nable within a reasonable period to determine and mark with very great\\naccuracy the positions and evolutions of all the various commands of\\nthe Confederate army on this field.\\nTHE commission s NEW MAP OF THE BATTLEFIELD.\\nOwing to numerous and important engineering operations for the\\nconstruction of avenues, bridges, towers, etc., for determining the\\nl)oundaries of properties and office work for the immediate use of\\nthe commission, the engineer corps have been unable to complete\\ntheir battlefield survey and map projected to show every detail of the\\nfield, for which a large amount of data has already been collected.\\nThey hope to be able ere long to bring this work to completion. The\\nsheets already comi^leted have been found to be of much value for\\nreference and are in constant requisition. The commission will not\\nnow attempt to specify in detail all the work of the engineer. Col.\\nG89A 2", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "18 GETTYSBUKG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nE. B. Cope, and his assistants, bnt the same has been very extensive\\nand varied and in the highest degree satisfactory.\\nRespectfully submitted.\\nJohn P. Nicholson,\\nWm. M. Robbins,\\nC. A. Richardson,\\nThe Secretary of War. Cuiniiiissioners.\\nBLUE-PRINT MAPS ACCOMPAXYINU THE REPORT.\\n68. United States corner stone.\\n69. Regimental tablets.\\n70.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of Henry Spangler.\\n7L\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of J. L. Sherfv.\\n72.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of W. H. Martin.\\n73. Section 6, Confederate avenue.\\n74.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Section 7, Confederate avenue.\\n75. Codori Grove.\\n76.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 College lane.\\n77.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract No. 8. J. L. Sherfy.\\n78.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sections 1, 3, and 3, Confederate avenue.\\n79.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A public road.\\n80. United States Regular avenue.\\n81.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of Maria Sliultz.\\n82.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plan of bridge.\\n83.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plan of 75-foot tow^er.\\n84.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of S. J. Drum.\\n85.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Drawing of 60-foot tower.\\n86.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 14.2 miles of public roads.\\n87.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of William H. Tipton.\\n88. Tract No 5. land companj\\n89. Tract No. 1, land company.\\n90. Tract No. 2. land company.\\n9i.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract No. 3, J. L. Sherfy.\\n92.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of Martin Winter.\\n93.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of H. C. Parsons.\\n94.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of Robert Slieads.\\n95.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of C. F. Starner.\\n96.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Perspective view of tower.\\n97.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of the Twenty- first Cavalry.\\n98. Seminar} lane.\\n99. Drawing of 75-foot tower,\\nloo.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Seminary lane,\\nlot.- Plan of gate.\\n102. Plan of fence.\\nl03. Centerpiece of gate.\\n104.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plan of gate.\\n105. Plan of gate.\\n106.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of Fifth New Jersey.\\n107. Tract of land of Twenty-sixth Pennsylvania.\\n108.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of Sixth Pennsylvania.\\n109. Tract of land of Ninety-eighth Pennsylvania.\\nllO.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of Knap s Battery.\\n111.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of Tenth Maine.\\n112. Tract of land of One hundred and thirty-sixth New Y^ork.\\nIl3.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of First New York Artillery.\\n114. Tract of land of Seventy-seventh New Y^ork.\\n115.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of Fiftv-fifth New Y^ork.\\n116.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of Fourth Ohio.\\n117.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of One hundred and twentv-fifth New Y ork.\\nlis. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Tract of I and of Third New Y^ork.\\n119.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of First New Jersey Cavalry.\\n120. Tract of land of Third Pennsvlvania Battery.\\n121.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of Tenth New York Cavalry.\\n122. Tract of land of Fourth New Jersey, marker.\\n123.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of One hundred and hfty-third Pennsylvania.", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITAKY PARK COMMISSION 19\\n124, Tract of land of Sixteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry.\\n135.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of Eighth Ohio.\\n126. Tract of land of United States avenue.\\n127.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land of United States avenue.\\n128. United States corner stone.\\n129.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sickles and Crawford avenues.\\n130. Hancock and Sedgwick avenues.\\n131.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Foundation stones.\\n132. Seminary Lane avenue.\\n13j ._FenceN(). 2. Gilbert.\\n134. Barn at headquarters.\\n135. Wire fence.\\n13G.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Wire fence.\\n137.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of C. Gilbert.\\n13S.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of Maria Shultz.\\n139.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of Jacob Benner.\\n140. Tract of Seminary lane.\\n141. Drawing of gate and fence.\\n142. Drawing of shells used m the battle.\\n143. Drawing of 13-inch shells.\\n144. Tract of United States property.\\n145. Tract of James Felix,\\n14G. Tract of United States property.\\n147.- Wilkeson s Batterv.\\n148.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Train schedule.\\n149. Hancock avenue.\\n150. Tract of Bair and Gilbert.\\n151.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of Pfeffer.\\n152.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of Basil Biggs.\\n15; Tract of F. Pfeffer.\\n154. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Tract of D. J. Benner.\\n155. Tract of L. Leister.\\nIOC).\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tr.ict of B. Biggs.\\n157. Tract of L. Hummelbaugh.\\n15N. Tract of S. Codori.\\n159.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of W. Patterson.\\n160.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of G. Weikert.\\n161.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of P. D. Swisher.\\n162.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of J. Felix.\\n163. boundary lines borough of Gettysburg.\\n164. Tract of the Memorial Association.\\n165. Site of General Meade s statue.\\n166. Tract of the Memorial Association.\\n167. Tract of the Memorial Association.\\nLIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS REPORT.\\nVi^w on section 7, Confederate avenue the Devil s Slipper.\\nSection 7, looking east, Round Top in the distance.\\nGrading roadbed, section 1, Confederate avenue.\\nRolling subgrade, section 1, Confederate avenue.\\nFoundation work of roadway on Seminary avenue, looking north.\\nA view of Ricketts s Battery, F and G, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery. East\\nCemetery Hill.\\nFirst New York Light Battery I, East Cemetery Hill.\\nSide view. Bridge No. 1.\\nPerspective view of Bridge No. 1 on United States avenue.\\nStewart s battery. Fourth LTnited States, East Cemetery Hill.\\nA view of Cooper s Battery, B, First Pennsylvania Light Artillery. East Cemetery\\nHill.\\nA section of Riley s Battery. C. S. A., on section looldng toward Little Round\\nTop.\\nView on section 6. looking east. Round Top in the distance.\\nOld cast-iron gun carriage, formerly used to mark the field.\\nA view of avenue, section 5. looking north.\\nA view of section 5, looking south.\\nA view of Confederate avenue, section 7, looking south from near the entrance of\\nKilpatirick avenue.\\nA view of Confederate avenue, section 7, looking north.\\nA view of avenue, se^-tion 4, looking north, showing the fence constructed by the\\ncommission on one side and the stone wall rebuilt on the other.", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK\\nCOMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 1896.\\nWar DEPART..IENT,\\nGettysburg National Park,\\nGettysburg, Pa., October 31, 1806.\\nSir:- The Gettysburg National Park Commission respectfully sub-\\nmit the following report of the progress and present condition of the\\nwork\\nmilitary avenues.\\nSince our report of 1895 the Telford road, known as Seminar}- aA^e-\\nnue, and section 1 of Confederate avenue, running from the Chambers-\\nburg pike southward along Seminar}^ Ridge as far as the Government\\nat present owns the right of way there, has been completed; like-\\nwise Hancock avenue, which runs from the national cemeterj^ gate\\nsouthward along the main Union line of battle to the east end of\\nUnited States avenue, and also Sickles avenue, which runs from the\\nEmmitsburg road near the Rogers house southeastward, via the Loop\\nand the Wheatfield, to the Devil s Den. Slocum avenue, which fol-\\nlows the battle lines over Gulp s Hill, is in course of construction and\\nnearly completed. The whole length of Telford avenues which have\\nbeen constructed by our commission is 7^ miles. The United States\\navenue crosses the held perpendicularly from east to west between the\\nUnion and Confederate lines. All the others follow closely the\\nrespective lines of battle. Of the Confederate avenue which follows\\nthe Confederate line of battle along Seminary Ridge and thence to\\nRound Top, sections 1, 4, 5, G, and 7, aggregating a distance of nearly\\n3 miles, have been completed. Sections 3 and 3 of this Confederate\\navenue remain still unconstructed, solely because we have been unable\\nto secure the right of way by purchase from the land owners. Pro-\\nceedings to condemn the needed lands were delayed on account of a\\nciuestion having been raised in a similar case of ours as to th^ right\\nof the Government to condemn land for such purposes, which neces-\\nsitated an appeal to the Supreme Court of the United States. That\\ncourt having adjudged such right to be constitutional, condemnation\\nproceedings were at once instituted and are now pending in the cir-\\ncuit court of the United States for the eastern district of Pennsyl-\\nvania, and as soon as the right of way shall be thereby secured, sec-\\ntions 2 and 3 of, the C-onfederate avenue will be promptly constructed.\\nMARKING THE POSITIONS OP TROOPS.\\nAs the purpose of the National Government in taking charge of this\\nfield was not only to preserve its features as they existed at the time\\nof battle and to make its many interesting points accessible by good\\n21", "height": "3296", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "22 \u00c2\u00abETTYSI3UKG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nroads, but also to liave the positions and evolutions of both the eon-\\ntending armies earefnlly aseortained and suitably marked, and as\\ntlie positions of most of the Union troops had bc;en previously nuirked\\nb}^ monuments erected by different States at their own expense, under\\nthe supervision of the Getty sburg Battlefield Memorial Association,\\nour attention has Ixhmi largely directed to what had been left mainl}^\\nundone, to \\\\vi(, lixiui; and markini; the positions and movements of\\nthe Confederate troops and the iruited States liegulars. Since our\\nlast repoi t we have marked the positions of the four batteries of Mcin-\\ntosh s Artillery liattalion on Seminary ]lidge alon;; section 1 of the\\nConfederate^ avenue, and we have placed an additional .yun, making\\ntwo, to each of twelve batteries belonging to Alexander s, Cabell s,\\nand Henry s Artilleiy JJattalions along sections 4, 5, and G, Confeder-\\nate avenue. Our plan is to mark tlie position of each battery by at\\nleast two guns like those which composed it and mounted on gun car-\\nriages admirably reseinbling the usual wooden ones, but made of iron.\\nHandsome tablets of iron, not only for each battery, but also for each\\ncommand of infantry and cavalry, will stand along the main lines of\\nbattle, with brief inscriptions specifying the name of each command,\\nits service in the battle, and referring to auxiliary and subordinate\\ntablets so placed as to indicate successive movements during the con-\\nflict. Much thought has been given to the pi cparation of these tab-\\nlets and their inscriptions for the Confederate commands, so as to\\nai rive at the utmost possible historic accuracy with regard to each\\none as A ^ell as perfect consistency and fairness among them as a whole.\\nThis is a work requiring gi-eat deliberation and painstaking, but we\\nhope to accomplish it satisfactorily.\\nThe placing of the Confederate tablets along the main lines can\\nonly be completed when we shall have acquired the needed lands and\\ncompleted the construction of the Confederate avenues along those\\nlines, which we are doing as fast as practicable. During the past\\nyear we have also replaced all of the old inferior gun carriages which\\nwere formerly used for the Union batteries with oiir new iron ones,\\nconstructed as aforesaid, and we have mounted many additional guns\\nto mark the positions of Union batteries, among the more notable of\\nAvhich are six 20-pounder Pai rotts placed in the CitiziMi s Cemetery\\nby leave of the proper authorities, to mark the positions of Taft s\\nBattery.\\nFENCING, ETC.\\nIn appi opriate and needful places we have caused the avenues\\nwhich haxc been made to be inclosed with the neat style of fence\\ndescril ed in our last anniuil re])()rt, which, being made of iron-capped\\nlocust i)osts an l four galvanized iron railings, is not only durable but\\nis inconspicuous to the sight, and therefore does not mai* the view of\\nthe lield. AH stone fences and walls which existed at the time of the\\nbattle and which are u[)on ground owned by the United States we\\nhave caused to be restored and put in proper condition, as also such\\nbreastworks and other defenses as were erected by either army. We\\nhave also caused great numbers of trees to be planted, so as to restore\\nthe forest on grounds which have been denuded of trees since the\\nbattle. The hurricane of last month destroyed many hundreds of\\ntrees on the battletield, which we shall take measures to replace.\\nOBSERVATORIES.\\nTlie four sleid towers which were in course of construction at the\\ndate t)f owY last report were completed soon thereafter. We have", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 23\\nsince caused another to be erected near the center of the field in\\nZiegler s Grove and not far from the point where the battle ended\\nwith the final grand lint nnsuccessfnl Confedei-ate assault of the third\\nday. These are all solid and well-built structures, and, located as they\\nare, they afford the observer a complete and satisfactoiy view of the\\nentire scene of the great battle and enable him to get a consistent\\nand accurate idea of it as a whole.\\nWe are happy to report that visitors in great numliers from all sec-\\ntionsof our own country, as well as some fi om abroad, are constantly\\nthronging these historic grounds and tracing out the complicated\\nphases of the titanic struggle, with many expressions of their satis-\\nfaction at the wise plans of the National Government for making it\\nplain and easilj^ compi-ehended, and for preserving this field for the\\nstudy of those who are to come after us.\\n.John I*. Nichol8(jn,\\nWm. M. Uobbins,\\nC. A. Richardson,\\nConiiii issioiK fs.\\nThe Secretary of War.\\nLIST OF BLUE PRINTS TO ACCOMPANY COMMlSSIONKRs REPORT.\\n168. A map showing the scene of Longstreef s final assaiilt on the Union lines at\\nGettysbnrg .Inly 3, 1863.\\n109. Plot of land for the Seventy-third New York monument.\\n170. Trail of gun carriage for 20-pounder Parrott ritte.\\n171.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gruns used in marking x)Ositions of batteries on the Gettysburg battletiekl.\\n173. Property of the United States formerly belonging to M. Bushman estate.\\nt73. Map showing location of trees, etc., in Ziegler s grove.\\n174.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plot of land T)eionging to the Gettysburg Water Company on which is\\nerected the Twenty-fifth and Seventy-fifth Ohio monuments.\\n175.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plot of ground belonging to the estate of Samuel A. Whitney on whicli is\\nerected Halls Second Maine Battery monument.\\n17G.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plot of gi ound beloTiging to the estate of Samuel A. Whitney on which is\\nerected the One liundred and forty-ninth Pennsylvania monument.\\n177.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land belonging l,o the Gettyslmrg Battlefield Memorial Associa-\\ntion. Conveyed by Henry and Annie Gulp.\\n178. Tract of land belonging to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Associa-\\ntion. Conveyed by Sanniel J: ushman.\\n179.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plot of monument sites in Peach Orchard on the battlefield of Gettysburg.\\n180.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land belonging to the United States Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial\\nAssociation. Conveyed by Hart Gilbert.\\n181.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging to the United States Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Asso-\\nciation. Conveyed by Levi Weikert.\\n183.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging to the United States Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Asso-\\nciation. Conveyed by Emanuel Weikert.\\n183.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging- to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. on-\\nveyed by Henry Welty.\\n184. Tract belonging to the (Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. on-\\nveyed by Levi Plank.\\n185. Tract belonging to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association, i on-\\nveyed by Emanuel Weikert.\\n186. Tract belonging to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Con-\\nveyed by Francis A. Althoff.\\n187. Grate of inch pipe.\\n188. Tract belonging to the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Con-\\nveyed by John S. Forney.\\n189. Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conve3 ed\\nby Gforge F. Basehoar.\\n190. A mounted Whitworth gun.\\n191. Tract belonging to John L. Sherfy on which is erected the First Vermont\\nUnited States Sharpshooters monument.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "24\\nGETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\n192.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby J. S. Forney.\\n193. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby Jeremiah Bender.\\n194. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby J. S. Forney.\\n19.J. Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby J. A. Livers.\\n19fi.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby David Wills.\\n197. Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby M. W. J. W. Eicholtz.\\n198. Tract in Howard avenue taken from property of Alex. Spangler.\\n19y.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Taken by\\ncondemnation proceedings from the poor directors of Adams County.\\n200. Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nl)y Leander Humelbaugh.\\n201.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract of land conveyed by A. Spangler to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial\\nAssociation.\\n202. Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nl)y Jacob Baker.\\n203. Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield ;Memovial Association. Conveyed\\nby Alice Forney.\\n204.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging to Gettysbui-g Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby John Bender.\\n205.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby David Blocher.\\n203.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby David^Vills.\\n207.- Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby E. Hanaway.\\n208. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association, Conveyed\\nby Hiigh Scott.\\n209. Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby E. Menchy.\\n210.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tracts belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby Samiiel A. Whitney.\\n211.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Tract belonging to Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association. Conveyed\\nby E. McPherson and John Kuhn.\\n212. Plan and elevation of harness house.\\n213. Proposed flagstaff.\\n214. Round Top tracts conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Associa-\\nlion to Ignited States of America.\\n215. Howard avenue tracts.\\n21G. Neill avenue, conveyed by the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association\\nto United States.\\n217. Culps Hill tract, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association\\nto United States of America.\\n218. Plan of Sickles avenue.\\n219.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 (3ak Ridge property, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Associa-\\ntion to United States of America.\\n220.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Reynolds Woods and part of Reynolds avenue, conveyed by Gettysburg\\nBattlefield Memorial Association to United States of America.\\n221. Reynolds avenue property No. 2. conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield\\nMemorial Association to the L^nited States of America.\\n222.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Wheatfield and portion of Sickles avenue, conveyed by Gettys ourg\\nBattlefield Memorial Association to United States of America.\\n223,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Buford avenue and a portion of Reynolds avenue, conveyed by the Gettys-\\nburg Battlefield Memorial Association to the United States of America.\\n224.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hancock avenue, including George Weikert. L. Humelbaugh, and L. Leister\\nproperties, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association to\\nLTnited States of America.\\n225. Althoff property, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association\\nto United States of America.\\n226.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Property in borough of Gettysburg, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield\\nMemorial Association to United States of America.\\n227.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Smith ])roperty, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association\\nto United States of America.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBUEG NATIONAL MILITAEY PARK COMMISSION. 25\\n228. Rose Grove, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association to\\nUnited states of America.\\n229. East Cemetery Hill property, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial\\nAssociation to United States of America.\\n230. Cavalry avenue property, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial\\nAssociation to United States of America.\\n231. Plot of First New Jersey Battery A, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield\\nMemorial Association to United States of America.\\n232. Plot of First Wisconsin monument.\\n238.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plot of One hundred and fourteenth and Fifty-seventh Pennsylvania.\\n234, One hundred and thirty-sixth New York monument jilot.\\n28.-). Sixth Pennsylvania monument plot,\\n230.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 First Maine Cavalry plot.\\n237.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Randolph s Battery E plot.\\n238. Guns used lor marking position^ of batteries. No. 2.\\n239. Ninety-fifth Pennsylvania monument plot.\\n240. Twenty- sixth Emergency Regiment monument plot.\\n241. Fifteenth Massachusetts monument plot.\\n242. First United States Sharpshooter monument plot.\\n243. Seventy-third New York nionument plot.\\n244. One hundred and sixth Pennsylvania monument plot.\\n245. Sixty- tliird Pennsylvania monument plot.\\n246. Fifth New York Cavahy monument plot.\\n247. Eighteenth Pennsylvania Cavalry monument plot.\\n248. Fu-st Massachusetts monument plot.\\n249. Twenty-seventh Indiana moniiment plot.\\n250. -Tablet plot first shot fired.\\n251. A general map of all the lands of the Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Asso-\\nciation which have been conveyed to the United States of America.\\n252. Round Top Park property of Gettysburg and Harrisburg Railroad.\\n253. Plot of tract of land belonging to John L. Slierfy, known as the Peach\\nOrchard.\\n254.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Property of W. H. Tipton.\\n255. Tract of land from property of George F. Basehoar forming part of Buford\\navenue.\\n25(i. United States property on the Gettysburg battlefield.\\n257. Plan of Observation Tower No. 5.\\n258. Plot of tract of land belonging to Amos Leister.\\n259. Entrance to Slocum avenue, conveyed by Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial\\nAssociation to United States of America.\\n260. Plan of dedication stand.\\n261.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Map .showing the connections of the Gettysburg Electric Railroad on the\\nEmmitsburg road.\\n262. Tract belonging to Gettysburg and Harrisburg Railroad Company.\\n263. Tracts of land belonging to William Patterson.\\n261. Tract of land belonging to Land and Improvement Companj\\n26 Tract of land belonging to HenVy Spangler.\\n266. Tract belonging to John L. Sherfy.\\n267. Tract belonging to Warren W. Hafer.\\n266. Tract belonging to Land and Improvement Company on Seminary Ridge.\\n269. Map showing tracts of land required on Seminary Ridge for the continued\\nconstruction of Confederate avenue from Hagerstown road to Wheatfield\\nroad.\\n270. Plan of Slocum avenue.\\n271. Plan of Sedgwick avenue.\\n272. Cross section of Western Maryland Railroad cut.\\n273.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plan of barn on United States property (formerly Bushman).\\n274. Plan of Meade avenue.\\n275. Design for girder bridge.\\n276. Tract of land belonging to Florence and Georgianna Cunningham.\\n277. Tracings of the 200-footscale Warren map. accompanying the report of 1896,\\n278.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Title page.\\n279.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Northwest corner. A-1.\\n280.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Herr Tavern, A-2.\\n281.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 North Middle, A-3.\\n282.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 North Rock Creek, A-4.\\n283.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Northeast corner, A-5.\\n284. South of northwest corner. B-1.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "26 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\n285.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Medicinal Spring, B-i.\\n28(3.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 West Gettysburg, 6-8.\\n287.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 East Gettysburg, B-4.\\n288. Hanover road, B-5.\\n289.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Black Horse Tavern, C-1.\\n290.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Middle Willoughby Run, C-2.\\n291. Field of Lontjstreefs assault, C-8.\\n292.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Culps Hill, C-4.\\n298.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Wolf Hill, C-5.\\n294.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Marsh Creek, D-1.\\n29. Pitzer s Schoolhouse, D-2.\\n29G.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Peach llrchard and Wheatfield, D-3.\\n29?.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Power s Hill. D-4.\\n298.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 East Baltimore pike, D-.j.\\n299. Southwest corner, E-1.\\n300. South Eumiitsburg road, E-2.\\n301.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Round Tops and Devil s Den, E-3.\\n302. South Taney town road, E-4.\\n303.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 South Rock Creek, E-5.\\nLIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS REPORT\\nConfederate avenue, section 7, tower.\\nBig Round Top.\\nEntrance to Hancock avenue, Zeigler s Grove.\\nHancock avenue, soxith, toward Bryan House.\\nHancock avenue, tower. Bryan House.\\nHancock avenue, Eleventh New York Independent Battery.\\nHancock avenue, loop at the angle.\\nHancock avenue, north to high-water mar\\nHancock avenue at intersection of Pleasonton avenue.\\nIntersection United Stati s avenue and Hancock avenue.\\nUnited States avenue, from Trostle House.\\nEntrance to Sickles avenue, Emmitsburg road.\\nCrossing of United States and Sickles avenites.\\nSickles avenue, woods west of Wheatfield.\\nSickles avenue, aci oss Wheatfield.\\nSickles avenue at Smith s Battery, Fourth New York.\\nSickles avenue west of Devil s Den.\\nTower. Confederate avenue, section 1.\\nEntrance to Slocum avenue.\\nSlocum avenue, Stevens Knoll.\\nStevens s Fifth Maine Battery, E, Slocum avenue.\\nSlocum avenue\u00e2\u0080\u0094 section of Stevens s Fifth Maine Battery.\\nSlocum avenue at entrance to woods. Culps Hill.\\nTower and Kap s Battery. E. Pennsylvania L ght Artillery, summit of Culi)s Hill.\\nSlocum avenue, graded roadbed.\\nSlocum avenue, graded roadbed.\\nTerminus of Slocum avenue, near Spanglers Spring.\\nReynolds (xrove after storm of September 30, 189().\\nReynolds Grove after storm of September 30, 189!).\\nReynolds Grove alter storm of September 30, 189i).\\nBig Round Top near tower, after storm of September 30, 1896.\\nBig Round Top after storm of September 30, 1895.\\nBig Round Top after storm of September 30, 1896.\\nLittle Round Top after storm of September 30, 1890.\\nLittle Round Top after storm of September 30, 1896.\\nGrove south of Wheatfield after storm of September 30, 1896.\\nGrove south of Wheatfield after storm of September 30, 1S96.\\nCulps Hill near Seventieth and One hundred and second New York monument\\nafter storm of September 30, 1896.\\nCulps Hill, Sixty-sixth Ohio monument after storm of September 30, 1896.\\nCulps Hill near Knap s Battery after storm of September 30, 1896.\\nCulps Hill after storm of September 30, 1896.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK\\nCOMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 1897.\\nWar Department,\\nGettysburg National Military Park,\\nCMtyshnrg, Pa., October 35, 1S07.\\nSir: Tho Gettysburg National Park Commission respectfully sub-\\nmit the following report of the progress and |3resent condition of their\\nwork, with some suggestions of their plans for the future:\\nmilitary avenues.\\nSince the last report Slocum avenue, then under construction, has\\nbeen completed. It leads from the Baltimore pike at the base of Ease\\nCemeter}^ Ilill over the summit of Culps Hill to its southeastern base\\nat Spanglers Spring, closely following and marking the main battle\\nline of the right wing of the Union Army.\\nSedgwick, Sykes, and Meade avenues have been surveyed, con-\\ntracted for, and completed. Sedgwick avenue loads from the southern\\nend of Hancock avenue to the northern base of Little Round Top,\\nfollowing the Sixth Corps line on that part of the field and Sykes\\navenue leads over the summit of Little Round Top, following the\\nFifth Corps line there, and continues on until it connects with the\\nConfederate avenue, section 7, on the western slope of J3ig Round\\nTop. Meade avenue leads from General Meade s headquarters on the\\nTaneytown road to Hancock avenue, at the point where the Confed-\\nerate assault of the third day culminated.\\nThat section of Crawford avenue which leads from Devil s Den north-\\nward through the Valley of Death to the Wheattleld road, including\\na bridge over Plum Run, is l)eing rapidly pushed and will be com-\\npleted before December 31, 1807.\\nAll these avenues, like those previously built by the commission on\\ntins field, are constructed on the Telford system and are substantial\\nand durable. Wherever along. their sides there are sloping banks,\\nthese are turfed or set with grass; the gutters are well paved with\\nstones, and, wherever needful at short curves, low granite pillars,\\ntopped with 13-inch shells, have been set on the edge of the avenues\\nto prevent careless driving off the roadway.\\nHancock avenue has been widened to 100 feet by pui chasing tlie nec-\\nessary ground on each side and erecting along its borders an excellent\\nstandard fence.\\nMuch yet remains to be done hci-e in the construction of avenues\\nand roadways. Two miles of the Confederate avenue on Seminary\\nRidge, along the battle line of Hill s Corps on second and third days,\\nhave not yet been constructed because the Government did not possess", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "28 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nthe right of way. After diligent efforts to secure this b}^ purchase at\\nreasonable figures from the land owners, but without success, proceed-\\nings for condemning the needed lands were begun in the circuit court\\nof the United States for the eastern district of Pennsylvania and are\\nstill pending there. A jury of view was appointed, inspected the lands,\\nheard testimony, and made report fixing prices for the lands; but the\\nproprietors appealed, and the case stands for trial. It will doubtless\\nbe decided at the spring term, and Ave hope then to push that avenue\\nto completion. It will connect the two j^arts of Confederate avenue\\nalready built at the northern and southern ends of Seminar^ Ridge\\nand make a complete and splendid avenue along the whole front of\\nHill s and Longstreet s corps from the Chambersbui-g i^ike southward\\nand eastward to the slopes of Round Top, a distance of over 5 miles.\\nOne or more bridges must be built along it over the streams which cut\\nthrough the ridge.\\nThere is need for important improvements upon the avenues on the\\ncavalry field o miles east of the town and for more substantial fencing\\nabout those avenues and grounds. Moreover, the Confederate posi-\\ntions on that field are as j^et entirely unmarked, and the commission\\nis anxious to have sufficient provision made to enable them at an earlj^\\nday to secure the needed lands, erect tablets, and mount batteries, so\\nas to show the lines and evolutions of the Confederate forces there.\\nAmong the other avenues which are now but rough, narrow, and\\nunsightlj- ways, scarcely passable, and need to be converted into Tel-\\nford roads, we may mention Wright avenue, leading from the gap\\nbetween the Round Tops southeasterly across the Taney town road\\nalong the line of the left division of the Sixth Corps; Pleasanton ave-\\nnue, from Hancock avenue eastward by the cavalry headciuarters to\\nthe Tancj^town road; and the return avenue on Culp s Hill, from\\nSpangler s spring Avestward along the southern base of that hill, mark-\\ning the battle line where the Union forces formed in the early morning\\nof Julj^ o and advanced for the recovery of their position captured by\\nthe Confederates the evening before.\\nThe Reynolds, Buford, and Howard avenues on the first day s field\\nare dirt roads, located by the Memorial Association, and often in bad\\ncondition. They mark the lines of the First and Eleventh corps and\\nof the Union cavalry, and greatly need to be improved, either on the\\nMacadam or Telford plan, Jind a substantial bridge upon Rej uolds\\navenue across the railroad cut, made historic by the conflict there,\\nmust be built soon, the old one constructed b} the Memorial Associ-\\nation having become dangerous.\\nThere is urgent need for a new avenue leading from the southeastern\\nbase of Culp s Hill, across Rock Creek, to the extreme right flank of\\nthe ITnion and left flank of the Confederate forces, respectiA^ely, and\\nthis should be laid out Avith a A ieAV t-o its extension to tlie caA^ahy\\nfield, whither a good road is much needed.\\nThe public roads Avithin the bounds of the park, radiating in cA^ery\\ndirection from the town, the substantial center of the battlefield,\\nAvould serA e as couA ^enient routes by Avhich to reach many interesting-\\nparts of it if the,y Avei e kept in good condition; but they are gener-\\nally in a A^ery unsatisfactory state and often AA ell-uigh impassable.\\nMARKING POSITIONS OF TROOPS.\\nUnder the superAision of the commission, the engineer, Lieut. Col.\\nE. B. Cope, has noted on the field and marked upon the maps the", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 29\\npositions of every command of both armies wliicli lias been a^uthen tie-\\nally fixed, and this embraces nearly all of them. The indication of\\nall these positions by tablets and markers on the ground will proceed\\nas rapidly as i: racticable, having- in some cases to await the acquisi-\\ntion of title to the land.\\nDuring the year iron gun carriages have been i^rocured, of the\\nexcellent pattern adopted by the commission, and guns have been\\nmounted upon them, marking the positions of 10 Union batteries in\\nvarious parts of the field. Additional gun carriages are needed soon,\\nto be used for mounting guns marking the positions of -12 Confederate\\nbatteries in addition to those of the Confederates which have already\\nbeen mai ked and heretofore reported.\\nA monument to the Seventy-third New York Infantry, known as the\\nFire Zouaves, was erected near Sickles avenue and the Peach\\nOrchard, and dedicated Avith appropriate ceremonies in September.\\nThe monument of the First Minnesota Regiment, erected some years\\nsince, was dedicated, by the survivors of the regiment from that State,\\non July 2, 1807.\\nThe Thirteenth and Fourteenth Yeinnont regiments of Stannard s\\nBrigade have recently sent committees here to fix the locations for\\nthe monuments which are to be erected to these commands.\\nA commission from the State of Maine has recently verified the\\nsites for tablets to be erected near Hancock avenue, showing the\\nrespective positions of the Third and Fourth Maine Regiments on the\\nthird day of the battle.\\nWe are glad to report that quite a number of Confederate veterans\\nhave visited here during the year for the purpose of viewing the\\nbattlefield and of locating and verifying the lines and positions of\\ntheir commands. We interpret this as a favorable indication of grow-\\ning interest on the part of the Southern States and people in this field.\\nin addition to the before-mentioned j)roceedings for condemning\\nlands for the Confederate avenue on Seminary Ridge, there is also\\nyet pending in the circuit court of the United States for the eastern\\ndistrict of Pennsylvania the proceeding begun some time since for\\ncondemning part of the Gettysburg Electric Railroad line and remov-\\ning it from the military positions Avhich it defaces on the battlefield.\\nThis case will probably be concluded ere long, and the amount of com-\\npensation which ma} be adjudged to said railroad company will then\\nbe pajable. The amount awarded by th(i jury of view was 130,000.\\nThis was appealed from by both sides. We trust the court s final\\njudgment may reduce it.\\nWe will not encumber the report by attemi^tingto specify the details\\nof our work, nor the many minor expenses, aggregating a very con-\\nsiderable sum, which are necessarilj incident to the prosecution of so\\ngreat a design as the establishment of the Gettysburg Ncitioual Mili-\\ntary Park.\\nFeeling sure that it would be wise to appropriate 6150,000 for this\\nwork for the next fiscal year, Ave respectfully recommend that amount.\\nJohn P. Nicholson,\\nWm. M. Robbixs,\\nC. A. Richardson,\\nCuvitnissioners.\\nThe Secretary op War.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "30 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nBLUE PRINTS SUBMITTED WITH THE REPORT OF THE COMMISSION.\\n304. Plan for piking the Tanej town road from borough line to Meade headquar-\\nters i)roperty.\\n305. Tract of land belonging to Basil Biggs and wife.\\n306. Tract of land belonging to William Patterson and wife.\\n307. Tract of land. No. 3. belonging to William Patterson and wife.\\n308. Tract of land belonging to Calvin P. Krise.\\n309. Cross-^ ection of avenue of Antietam battlefield.\\n310. Plan of Sedgwick and Sykes avenues and portion of Kilpatrick avenue.\\n311. Map of United States national cemetry. showing the positions of batteries.\\n312. Gate, of inch pipe.\\n313. Fence, of inch pipe.\\n314. Plan of retaining wall along Sykes avenue.\\n315. Fence of steel tubing and steel wire cables.\\n316. Positions of the Thirteenth Vermont Regiment on the Gettsburg battlefield.\\n317.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plot of land belonging to Gettysburg Water Company, surrounding Twenty-\\nfifth and Seventy-fifth Ohio monument.\\n318. Blocks in Hancock statue pedestal damaged bj lightning July 7, 1897.\\n319. Map showing site of Seventy- third New York monument.\\n320. Plan to connect eijuestrian statue of General Hancock with the ground, to\\nprevent injury from lightning.\\n321. Plan to connect equestrian statues with the ground, to prevent injury from\\nlightning.\\n322.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Culp s Hill. C-4.\\n323. Medicinal Springs. B-2.\\nPHOTOGRAPHS SUBMITTED WITH REPORT OF THE COMMISSION.\\nEntrance to East Cemetery Hill, showing General Hancock statue and walk.\\nPaving in front of East Cemetery Hill.\\nEntrance to Slocum avenue.\\nSlocum avenue at Sixty-sixth Oh;o monument.\\nRetaining wall along Slocum avenue.\\nRetaining wall along Slocum avenue from One hundred and fiftieth New York\\nmonument.\\nSlocum avenue from Second Marj land C. S. A.\\nSlocum avenue north from One hundred and twenty-third New York monument.\\nSlocum avenue south from One hundred and twenty-third New York monviment.\\nThe walk through Ziegler s Grove, looking north.\\nThe walk through Ziegler s Grove, showing Butler s Second United States Battery.\\nSedgwick avenue from intersection of United States avenue.\\nSedgwick avenue north.\\nSedgwick avenue north from Wheatfield road.\\nSykes avenue, north side Little Round Top.\\nRetaining wall along Sykes avenue, north side Little Round Top.\\nSykes avenue, summit Little Round Top.\\nSykes avenue, summit Little Round Top.\\nBuilding retaining wall, south side Little Round Top.\\nSykes avenue south along retaining wall.\\nRolling Sykes avenue between the Round Tops.\\nGraded roadway, foot of Big Round Top.\\nLaying foundation pavement, foot of Big Round Top.\\nHitching rail at Devil s Den.\\nHitching rail near Devil s Den, looking toward Little Round Top.\\nTurnbull s F and K Third United States Battery, Emmitsburg road", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK\\nCOMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR, 1808.\\nWar Department,\\nGettysburg National Military Park,\\nGeUyshurg, Pa., October i, 189S.\\nSir: The Gettysburg National Park Commission ]-espectfnll,y sub-\\nmit the following report of the progress and condition of their work,\\nwith some suggestions on what they think necessary for its successful\\nIjrosecution in the future:\\nMILITARY AYENUES.\\nSince the last report Crawford avenue has been completed, leading\\nnorthward from Devil s Den through the Valley of Death and across\\nPlum Run to the Wheatfield road. The bridge over Plum Run was\\nconstructed in the same substantial style as the others which have\\nbeen built on this field.\\nThe commission, having heretofore given attention to the roads and\\navenues of the park of the second and third days liattlefield, have\\nthought it wise this year to look after those on the first day s field,\\nand have entered into contracts for the construction of Reynolds and\\nIIoAvard avenues, which mark the lines, respectively, of the First and\\nEleventh Corps of the Union Armj and are together nearly 3 miles\\nlong. Howard avenue is finished. It leads from the Ilarrisburg road,\\nnear Rock Creek, westward by Barlow s Knoll to tlie Mummasburg\\nroad; is 20 feet wide, and constructed on the Telford plan in the best\\nmanner, like all the avenues on this field. Reynolds avenue, which\\nis in two sections, will be completed, it is hoped, earlj^ next spring.\\nA number of other roads and avenues have been mentioned in\\nprevious reports as urgentLv needed to render accessible important\\nand interesting sections of this great battlefield. The commissioners\\nwould have pushed them this year but for the lack of adequate means,\\nand they will do so as soon as practicable. Among them are the\\navenues on the cavalry field and the road leading thither.\\nThe commission long since constructed Telford avenues along the\\nConfederate battle line of the second and third daj s fight on Semi-\\nnary Ridge, on each extremity of said line, the left of Hill s Corps\\nand the right of Longstreet s, aggregating over 3 miles in length.\\nBetween these two parts of Confederate avenue tliere is a gap of 2\\nmiles (long) along the left of Longstreet s Corps and the right of\\nHill s, across which the commission have been xqyj anxious to con-\\nstruct a link needed to connect the two extremities aforesaid and thus\\ncomplete the Confederate avenue from the Chambersbui-g pike north-\\nwest of the town southward and eastward to Round Top, a distance\\nof over 5 miles.\\n31", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "32 GETTYSBUKG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nNo part of this battlefield is more interesting than the part covered\\nby that gap in the Confederate avenue. Not only did important\\nmovements of the second day s battle originate there, but it was tliere\\nthe Confederate column of the third day under Longstreet was formed\\nand began its advance on tlmt final charge led by Pickett, so sublime\\nin its daring and so tragic in its fate.\\nThere is no part of this battlefield so inaccessible as this. Encum-\\nbered by bushes and briers and cross fences, with not even an open\\nfootpath over it, visitors here never see this ground because they can\\nnot reach it.\\nThe only reason tlie commission have not constructed the avenue\\nover it is because the (Tovernment does not own the land, not having\\nthe right of way, and the owners of the land ask such exorbitant\\nprices for it that the Secretary of War and tlie commission do not feel\\njustified in paying them. More than two years ago the Secretary of\\nWar authorized and instructed the commission to begin a proceeding\\nin the circuit court of the United States to condemn the lands needed\\nfor said avenue, together with some adjacent woodlands, which it was\\nimportant to preserve, the whole area being 105 acres, and the said\\nproceeding was begun at once and is still pending. A jury of view\\nwas appointed, inspected the lands, heard the testimony offered on\\nboth sides, and made an award that Avas liberal to the respondents,\\nranging from $4(5 to l?200 per acre, but they appealed to the court in\\nterm at Philadelphia and have since resorted to vexatious delays and\\ncontinuances, so that the case is still pending and undetermined. Tims\\nthis important part of the Confederate lines is prevented from being\\nopened and the military positions on it fixed and marked as intended\\nby the Government.\\nThe commission wish to emphasize the fact that the main hindrance\\nto marking Confederate lines and positions, not only on tlie grounds\\njust above spoken of, but on almost all of tliis field, as was the inten-\\ntion of Congress in establishing the Gettysburg National Park, is\\nthat the lands whereon said lines and positions are situated are not\\n3 et owned by the United States. Prompt action by the courts in\\ncondemning the needed laiids when lield at exorbitant prices, and\\nliberal aj^propriations by Congress for the purchase of lands which\\ncan be bought at reasonable rates, are the two main requisites for the\\nrealization of tlie patriotic purposes of the Government with reference\\nto this battlefield.\\nMARKING POSITIONS OP UNION TROOPS.\\nThe West Virginia commission have recently erected the folloAving:\\nA granite monument to the Seventh West Virginia Infantry on East\\nCemeterj^ Hill, and three granite tablets marking temporary positions\\nof this regiment on the field at different stages of the battle; a\\ngranite monument to the First West Virginia Artillery in the\\nNational Cemetery; a granite monument to the First West Virginia\\nCavalry on the Taneytown road south of General Meade s headquar-\\nters; a granite monument to the Third West Virginia Cavalry on\\nBuford avenue. All these monuments were dedicated by appro-\\npriate ceremonies on the 28th of September ultimo, attended b}^ the\\ngovernor of that State and his staff with many other citizens, and by\\nthe Second Regiment West Virginia Infantrj Volunteers, which\\nmarched here from Camp George G. Meade for that purpose.\\nThe Maine commission have also, since last report, erected stone", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMIISION. 33\\ntablets on Hancock avenue, near the liigli-water mark, to show the\\nposition of the Third and Fourth Maine Infantry Regiments on the\\nthird day of the l)attle.\\nThe positions of the United States regular troops in this battle,\\nconsisting- of 11 regiments of infantry, 4 regiments of cavalry, and 22\\nbatteries of artillery, have been accurately located and are carefully\\nnoted on our maps, and also on the ground by markers, so that Avhen\\nthe Government shall take steps to erect monuments to these troops,\\nwhich their gallant services here certainly entitle them to, there will\\nbe no difficulty in placing them,\\nMARKING POSITIONS OF CONFEDERATE TROOPS,\\nHandsome and durable iron tablets with approi^riate inscriptions\\nare now being erected on substantial iron pillars, designating and\\nbriefly describing the services rendered by each of the following Con-\\nfederate batteries, the respective positions of which have been marked\\nfor some time by mounted guns of like class and caliber as those of\\nwhich each battery was composed, viz:\\nTaylor s Virginia Battery, Woolf oik s Ashland (Va.) Artillery, Par-\\nker s Virginia Battery, and Jordan s Bedford (Va.) Artillery, of Alex-\\nander s Battalion.\\nManly s North Carolina Artillery, Fraser s Pulaski (Ga.) Artillery,\\nMcCartliy s First Richmond Howitzers, and Carlton s Ti oop (Ga.)\\nArtiller3% of Cabell s Battalion,\\nBachman s German (S. C.) Artillery, Garden s Palmetto (S. C.)\\nLight Artillerv, Latham s Branch (N. C.) Artillery, and Reilly s Rowan\\n(X. C.) Artillery, of Henry s Battalion.\\nJohnson s Virginia Batter}^, Rice s Danville (Va.) Artillerj Hurt s\\nHard away (Ala.) Artillery, and Wallace s Second Rockbridge (Va.)\\nArtillery, of Mcintosh s Battalion.\\nCunningham s Powhatan (Va.) Artillery, Watson s Second Rich-\\nmond Howitzers, and Smith s Third Richmond Howitzers, of Dance s\\nBattalion,\\nThe above are all the Confederate batteries which occui)ied posi-\\ntions on ground of which the title has vet been acquired bv the Ignited\\nStates.\\nInscriptions are being prepared and tablets of iron similar to those\\nmentioned above will shortly be erected to designate the positions and\\nbriefly describe the evolutions and achievements of the following Con-\\nfederate infantrj commands, viz\\nKershaw s Brigade of McLaws s Division, and each of its component\\nregiments, the Second, Third, Seventh, Eighth, and Fifteenth South\\nCarolina, and Third South Carolina Battalion.\\nSemmes s Brigade of McLaws s Division, with its Tenth, Fiftieth,\\nFifty-first, and Fiftj^-third Georgia Regiments.\\nAnderson s Brigade of Hood s Division, with its Seventh, Eighth,\\nNinth, Eleventh, and Fifty-ninth Georgia Regiments.\\nBenning s Brigade of Hood s Division, with its Second, Fifteenth,\\nSeventeenth, and Twentieth Georgia Regiments.\\nRobertson s Brigade of Hood s Division, with its First, Fourth, and\\nFifth Texas and Third Arkansas Regiments.\\nLaw s Brigade of Hood s Division, with its Fourth, Fifteenth, Forty-\\nfourth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Alabama Regiments.\\nThe method of marking the positions of troops on this field, as\\napproved by the War Department, is to place the principal tablet oi:\\n089a 3\\nLofC.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "34 GETTYSBUKG NATIONAL MILITAKY PARK COMMISSION.\\ninonument of each command at the position occupied by the command\\nin the main line of battle, and to mark the several imjjortant posi-\\ntions subsequently reached by each command in the course of the\\nbattle by subordinate and ancillarj^ tablets, with appropriate brief\\ninscriptions giving interesting details and occui-rences and noting the\\nday and hour as nearly as possible.\\nThe Confederate commands above mentioned are the only ones\\nwhose chief positions were upon ground now owned by the United\\nStates, and are, therefore, the only ones which can be marked until the\\nGovernment shall acquire the lands on which they formed and fought.\\nThe commission are much gratified to notice an awakening of inter-\\nest in influential quarters among the people of the Southern States\\nconcerning this battlefield and the importance of erecting monuments\\nto commemorate the heroism of their soldiers here, as the people and\\nStates of the Kortli have done, and it is hoped that Congress will rec-\\nognize and foster this praiseworthy sentiment springing up in the\\nSouth by liberal appropriations of the moneys needed to purchase and\\nacquire title to the lands on which the Confederate troops operated\\nand where their monuments must be placed.\\nThe commission will not encumber this report bj going into the\\ndetails of their work or attempting to specify the many minor expenses,\\namounting in the aggregate to a considerable sum, which are neces-\\nsarily incident to theaccomplishment of so great a design as the estab-\\nlishment of the Gettysburg National Park. They feel warranted in\\ndeclaring that, though yet Incomplete, this is alreadj the best marked\\nbattlefield in the wo rld, and to all those who desire to understand the\\ncharacter and the extent of the work done, they say, Come and see.\\nWhile the commission are satisfied that they could judiciously and\\neconomically use in pushing this work during the next year a much\\nlarger sum, they hereby earnestly request and recommend tliat not\\nless than 175,000 be appropriated.\\nJohn P. Nicholson,\\nWm. M. Robbins,\\nC. A. Richardson,\\nCo})i}nissione7 s.\\nThe Secretary of War.\\nLIST OF PHOTOGRAPHS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS REPORT.\\nHoward avenrve, from Barlow s Knoll.\\nHoward avenue, east from Carlisle road.\\nHoward avenue, west from Carlisle road, showing shoulder stones.\\nHoward avenue, east from Mummasburg road, ready for paving.\\nGen. John F. Reynolds statue, from the southwest.\\nSpangler s Spring, foot of Culp s Hill.\\nHitching rail, tilocum avenue, near Spangler s Spring.\\nGuard rail on retaining wall, Slocum avenue.\\nHitching rail, Slocum avenue, summit of Culp s Hill.\\nStyle of stone wall rebuilt by the commission on Hancock avenue.\\nMeade avenue, from Taneytown road.\\nStyle of gate adopted by the commission.\\nMeade avenue, from near Hancock avenue, showing paved gutter.\\nSodded bank on Sedgwick avenue.\\nSodded bank on Sedgwick avenue near Wheatfield road.\\nGuard rail on retaining wall, Little Round Top.\\nSodded bank, section G, Confederate avenue,\\nCrawford avenue, from Wheatfield road.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 35\\nBridge on Crawford avenue over Plum Run.\\nCrawford avenue, from Devil s Den.\\nGuard chain and balls and paths at DevlFs Den.\\nLIST OF BLUE PRINTS TO ACCOMPANY COMMISSIONERS REPORT.\\n3 24.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ci oss sections of the different avenues biiilt on the Gettysburg battlefield.\\n3 2.i. Design for Spana-ler s Spring.\\no2(3. Plot of land conveyed to the United States by George Spangler, on which is\\nerected First Maryland, Battery A. monument.\\n327.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Perspective and detail drawing of Spangler s Spring.\\n328, Plot of land conveyed by Nathaniel Lightner to the United States of America,\\non wliich is erected First New York, Battery M. monument.\\n329. Guard rail on retaining wall along south slope of Sykes avenue.\\n330. Guard rail for retaining wall, north slope of Little Round Top.\\n331. Property of Jacob Masonheimer.\\n332. Seat of observation tower.\\n333. Map showing where Gen. Daniel E. Sickles was wounded July 2, 1863.\\n334. Plot of land conveyed by Samuel Bushman to the United States of America.\\n33. Bridge over Crawford avenue on Plum Run.\\n336. Plot of property conveyed by Samuel O. Robinson to the United States.\\n337. Plot of property of Jacob Masonheimer conveyed, through Samuel O. Rob-\\ninson, to the United States of America.\\n338. Field of Longstreefs assault. C-3.\\n339. Plan of cellar drain at Dougherty s house.\\n340. Width of tires on wagons used for tourists within the Gettysburg National\\nIMilitary Park.\\n341. United States ])roperty and land included within the Sickles bill.\\n342.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Property of heirs of Abraham Trostle on the Gettysburg battlefield.\\n343. Hitching rail and posts.\\n344.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Drainpipe on avenue.\\n34.J. Pipe wall, catch- basin, and gutter paving.\\n346. Gate to be used in the Gettysburg National Park.\\n347. Plan of water cart.\\n348. Land companj s land.\\n349. Tract of land belonging to Calvin Gilbert on Barlow s Knoll.\\n350. Plot of land belonging to land and improvement company on which to erect\\nReynolds statue.\\n3.51. Plot of tracts of land belonging to heirs of J. Bender.\\n352. Plan of Howard avenue.\\n353. Plan of Reynolds avenue, section 1.\\n354. Plan of Reynolds avenue, section 2.\\n355. Map showing obstruction placed in Brooke avenue, Gettysburg battlefield,\\nby the Gettysburg Transit Company.\\n356. Plot of land belongmg to heirs of J. Bender on Barlow s Knoll.\\n357. Plan of path to summit of Big Round Top.\\n35\u00c2\u00ab.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 West Gettysburg, B-3.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "ANNUAL REPORT OF THE GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK\\nCOMMISSION TO THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 1899.\\nGettysburg, Pa., October 2, 1899.\\nSir: The Gettysburg National Park Commission respectfully sub-\\nmit the following report of the progress and condition of their work,\\nwith suggestions as to what they think needful for its successful\\nprosecution\\nMILITARY AVENUES.\\nSince the last report an avenue along the battle lines of the First\\nArmy Corps on the field of the first day s battle has been constructed.\\nIt is about a mile and two-thirds long, 20 feet wide, and made on the\\nTelford plan, in the most substantial manner. The main section is\\ncalled Reynolds avenue, but, with the approval of the Secretary of\\nWar, three minor sections have been named, resfpectively, Wadsworth,\\nD(nibleday, and Robinson avenues.\\nThe two parts of Sickles avenue, which were previously discon-\\nnected, have been united by constructing an avenue, 1,100 feet in\\nlength, along what is known as the Wheatfield road, which, being a\\npublic highway at the time when Sickles avenue was made, could not\\nthen be occupied and improved as a battlefield avenue, as was like-\\nwise the case with all the public roads within the park. This diffi-\\nculty has since been obviated by an act of the Pennsj^lvania legislature\\nceding jurisdiction of all such roads to the United States, and the act\\nof Congress authorizing the Secretary of War to improve such of them\\nas in his discretion might be deemed needful. Sickles avenue is now\\ncontinuous and follows, as nearly as the contour of the ground will\\npermit, the entire line of the Third Army Corps from the Emmittsburg\\nroad near the Rogers House to the Devil s Den.\\nThere is also being constructed, and now nearly completed, an ave-\\nnue one-half mile in length, from Spanglers spring around the south-\\nwestern slope and base of Culps Hill, along the line on which the\\nUnion forces formed on the morning of July 3 for the struggle to\\nrecover their works occupied by the Confederates the previous evening.\\nThe proceedings begun by us three years ago, by direction of the\\nSecretary of War, in the circuit court of the United States for the\\neastern district of Pennsylvania to acquire, by condemnation, five\\ntracts of land on Seminary Ridge, and embracing 2 miles of the Con-\\nfederate battle lines of the second and third days, is not yet con-\\ncluded. The jury of view made their award two and a half years ago.\\nThe respondents apjiealed to court in term, where, after much delaj\\ncaused by them, it was tried, and a .erdict rendered last December\\nvery liberal for them. They availed themselves of the six months\\nallowed for appeal and then carried the case to the United States\\ncircuit court of appeals. This court is now sitting in Philadelphia,\\n37", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "38 C4ETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION.\\nand respondents counsel seek further delay by continuance to next\\ntevni.\\nOne of the five respondents has withdrawn from the contest,\\naccepted the liberal sum (-^3,4:20) awarded by the jury, and conveyed\\nto the United States the tract of land in controversy belonging? to him.\\nWe trust the case will soon be concluded, and that we nuiy be enabled\\nto complete the avenue along the Confederate line on Seminar} Ridge.\\nBoth ends of it have long been built, and the comi:)letion of the i-mile\\ngap in tlie center will open up one of the most interesting parts of this\\nfield, now almost inaccessible, that part froni, which the Confederate\\ncolumn of the third da^ moved out on its brilliant, though unsuc-\\ncessful, charge.\\nA number of other avenues should be constructed, among them one\\nalong the Confederate battle line on the northeast side of Culj)s Hill;\\nanother from between the Round Tops to Plum Run Valley and\\nDevil s Den another along the line of Wright s division, from between\\nthe Round Tox)s southeastward ly across the Taneytown road; another\\nalong Mie line of the Twentieth Elaine, on Vincent s spur of Little\\nRound Top; another along liuford s cavalry line; and others con-\\nnecting the cavalry fields, both south and east of Gettysburg, with\\nthe infantry battlefield. In some of these cases it will be necessary\\nto acquire land at reasonable prices, the owners being private citizens\\nand not speculating corporations. The land purchased this year in\\ndifferent parcels is lO-t.SO acres, costing *11,747.\\nA striking proof of the great and general interest felt by the people\\nwith reference to this battlefield, and of the importance of making all\\nparts of it easily accessible by good avenues, appears in this fact,\\nstated by our engineer that having caused a record to be kept by the\\nguards it was found that about 1 ,00(\u00c2\u00bb vehicles, carrying 30, QUO tourists,\\npassed over the Hancock avenue in a single month.\\nMARKING POSITIONS OF TROOPS AND BATTERIES.\\nThe positions of batteries lielonging to the regular Union and Con-\\nfederate armies are marked usually by two guns to each battery of the\\nsame class and caliber as those which constituted the batter}-, and also\\nby iron tablets, supported by iron pillars deeply planted in the ground\\nand bearing appropriate inscriptions, the letters of which are cast with\\nthe tablet. The guns are mounted upon substantial iron gun car-\\nriages set upon granite blocks. A number of these have been put in\\nposition this year and mounted with guns to mark both Union and\\nConfederate batteries. The commission have, up to this date, mounted\\nin this manner 207 guns.\\nThe positions of the United States Regulars and of the Confederate\\ntroops are and will be marked by iron tablets similar to those above\\ndescribed and with suitable inscriptions. Such tablets have already\\nbeen erected to all Confederate brigades whose lines are on the ground\\nto which the United States has title, and as soon as the Government\\nshall acquire the necessary lands all tlie other brigades will be simi-\\nlarly marked. We propose also putting up ap]iropriate tablets to each\\nConfederate regiment, and are taking steps to do this as rapidly as\\npracticable; likewise memorials of suitable dignity to the Confederate\\ndivisions and army corps.\\nThe positions of the Union Regulars have all been accurately deter-\\nmined, suitable inscriptions prepared for each command, and the\\ntablets have been contracted for and will soon be completed and\\nerected.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 39\\nThe number of tablets erected this 3 ear to batteries and to infantry\\nand cavaby commands, Union and Confederate, is 65, and the whole\\nnumber of such erected by the commission to date is 91. The fore-\\ngoing method of marking positions on this field has been adopted, and\\nis being carried out Avith the approval of the Secretary* of Wa\\nMONUMENTS.\\nThe equestrian statue of General Reynolds was unveiled on the 1st\\nday of July with appropriate ceremonies.\\nA monument to the Fourteentli Vermont Regiment Avas recently\\nerected by the veterans of the.regiment on Hancock avenue, south of\\nthe Vermont Brigade monument.\\nA monument to the Thirteenth Vermont Regiment is now ])eiug\\nerected just north of the brigade monument.\\nSentiments of the Veterans.\\nANNUAL reunion OF THE UNITED CONFEDERATE VETERANS, CHARLESTON, S. C.\\nHAY 10-13. 1899.\\nThe following preamble and resolutions were unanimously reported by the com-\\nmittee and unanimously adopted by the veterans:\\nWhereas the Government of the United States has undertaken and is pushing\\nforward the work of permanently marking the lines and positions of the troops of\\nboth the contending armies on several great battlefields of the civil war. among\\nthem Gettysburg, Chickamauga, Shiloh, V icksburg, and others, with the design\\nof making these battlfields permanent memorials of the prowess of American\\nsoldiers without respect of section:\\nResolved, That we. as Confederate veterans, sympathize with and commend this\\npatriotic purpose of the Government, and will lend our infiuence and aid toward\\nits full realization.\\nResolved, That we trust the people of the Southern States will take early and\\neffective steps to erect upon these battlefields suitable monuments in honor of our\\nglorious heroes in gray who fought and died for what the believed to be right.\\nI certify that the above and foregoing resolutions were unanimously passed at\\nthe Charleston. S. C, reunion on May 1^, is jy, and the above is a true copy from\\nthe minutes of the same. j_ Gordon,\\nGeneral Commanding.\\nGeo. Moorman,\\nAdjutant-Gene )xtl and Chief of Staff\\nPREAMBLE AND RESOLUTIONS UNANIMOUSLY ADOPTED AT THE THIRTY-THIRD NA-\\nTIONAL ENCAMPMENT OF THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC, HELD IN THE\\nCITY OF PHILADELPHIA, SEPTEMBER (i AND 7, 1S99.\\nWhereas the first efforts ever made to preserve and fully mark a battlefield were\\nbegun in lS(i3, immediately after the battle of Gettysburg, to preserve the features\\nof that field and to mark the i)ositions and movements of the troops engaged; this\\nwas done by loyal hearts and willing hands at a cost of over \u00c2\u00a72,000,000. and with-\\nout any help from Congress: and\\nWhereas all this property was transferred to the General Government in 1895\\nfree of cost, and in view of the liberal contributions l)y States, by societies, and by\\nindividuals, there should be more liberal appropriations on the part of Congress to\\ncomplete this work on the field where the greatest battle of the war was fought\\none of the greatest battles of modern times: Therefore.\\nResolved, That we earnestly commend the Gettysburg National Military Park\\nCommission in its work of acquiring lands of historical interest, of constructing\\navenues along lines of battle otherwise inaccessible, in restoring and preserving\\nthe original features of the field, and in marking with tablets and monuments the\\npositions and movements of troops, so that the history of the battle will practically\\nbe written on the field i and\\nResolved, That we ask Congress to make liberal appropriations to enable the\\ncommissioners to acquire the necessary lands and complete at an early day the\\nwork provided for by the act creating the park.\\nAlbert D. Shaw,\\nCommander in Chief.\\nThomas J. Stewart,\\nAdjutant-General.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "40 GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSI N.\\nPROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRTIETH ANNUAL, REUNION OF THE SOCIETY OF THE ARMY\\nOF THE POTOMAC, HELD AT PITTSBURG, PA., OCTOBER 11 AND 13, 18f)9,\\n[Extract from minutes.]\\nThe followinu: resohition was unanimously adopted:\\nThe Society of tlie Ai-niy of the Potomac desires to express to the Secretary of\\nWar its high appreciation of the work performed under the direction of his\\nDepartment on the battlefield of Gettysburg, and to commend the commission,\\nCol. John P. Nicholson. Maj. Charles A. Richardson, and Maj. William M. Rob-\\nbins, for the intelligence and faithfulness with which they have accomplished the\\nindication and preservation of the lines of battle, especial praise being due the\\ncommission for the character and quality of the avenues and the skill with which\\nthe system has been plotted, making communication with all parts of the field\\npossible and satisfactory. The society also asks that the continued support and\\naid of the Gfovernuient be generously continued to the commission, that they may\\nbe enabled to complete the undertaking consistently with its beginning, and so\\nmake the national memorial at Gettysburg worthy the fame and the importance\\nof the greatest battlefield of the great war.\\nD. McM. Gregg,\\nPresident.\\nHoratio C. King,\\nSecretary.\\nThe commission are o^ratified to observe the deep interest thus mani-\\nfested by the veterans of both armies in tlie great work which we are\\npusliing forward as rapidly as possible, and we trust that Congress will\\nrespond to the praiseworthy sentiment of the veterans by suitable\\nappropriations commensurate with the magnitude and importance of\\nthe work.\\nWe will not encumber this report l)y going into further details or\\nattempting to specify the many minor expenses necessarily incident\\nto the accomplishment of so important a design as the establishment\\nof this national military park. Though j^et incomplete, this is already\\nthe best marked battlefield in the w^orld, and all who come to see it\\nare surprised and delighted.\\nWhile the commission could judiciously and economically use in\\npushing this work during the next year a much larger sum, they\\nearnestly recommend that not less than 1100,000 be appropriated.\\nJohn P. Nicholson,\\nWm. M. Robbins,\\nCharles A; Richardson,\\nCoDtmissioners.\\nThe Secretary of AVar.\\nlist of photographs accompanying report, showing SOME OF THE DETAILS\\nOF THE WORK DURING THE YEAR.\\nL Shell, stones, and chain. Barlow s Knoll.\\n3. Howard avenue, looking west.\\n3. View of tower of Doubleday and Robinson avenues and hitching rail.\\n4. Wadsworth avenue, looking west.\\n5. From intersection of Wadsworth and Reynolds avenues, showing style of\\ntablets adopted for avenues.\\n6. Reynolds avenue, looking south from Reynolds Grove.\\n7. Piked roadway through Reynolds Grove.\\n8. Menchy s Spring, foot of East Cemetery Hill.\\n9. Geary avenue on Culp s Hill, near Spangler s Spring, showing foundation\\nand shoulder stones.\\n10.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Geary avenue along ravine in front of One hundred and forty-seventh Penn-\\nsylvania monument.\\n11. Geary avenue from near Spangler s Spring.\\n13.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Geary avenue from intersection with Slocum avenue.", "height": "3422", "width": "2106", "jp2-path": "annualreportstos00uni_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "GETTYSBURG NATIONAL MILITARY PARK COMMISSION. 41\\n13. Section Kinzie s Battery L, Fifth United States.\\n14.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Ri.gg s Battery F, Fourth United States, and Kinzie s Battery K, Fifth\\nUnited States,\\nlo,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Section Tatt s Fifth New York (Evergreen Cemetery).\\nIG. Dilger s Battery I, First Oliio (National Cemetery).\\nIT. Bancroft s Battery G, Fourth United States (National Cemetery).\\nIS. Eakin s Battery H, Fourth United States (National Cemetery).\\n19.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hiirs Battery C. First West Virginia (National Cemetery i.\\n20.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 McCartney s Battery A, First Massachusetts (National Cemetery).\\n21.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Hall s Second Maine Battery.\\n22. Edgell s First New Hampiiliire Battery.\\n2o. Breastworks in Patterson tield east of Hancock avenue.\\n24.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Stone wall rebuilt on Sedgwick avenue.\\n25. VVheatfield road connecting Sickles avenue.\\n2(3. Patli to summit of Big Round Top from avenue,\\n27. Path near summit of Big Round Top.\\n28. Path near summit of Big Round Top, looking toward base of hill.\\n29. Vista near summit of Big Round Top, showing the Spliinx.\\n30. Law s Brigade tablet, section 5, Confederate avenue.\\n31. ^Taylor s and Parker s Battery, section 4, Confederate avenue.\\n32.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Carlton s Battery, section 4, Confederate avenue.\\nLIST OP BLUE PRINTS ACCOMPANYING REPORT, SHOWING SOJIE OF THE DETAILS\\nOF THE WORK DURING THE YEAR.\\n3o9. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Stonework for Menchy s Spring.\\n360. Tract belonging to Henry Osborn.\\n3r)2. Tract belonging to Alex. Little.\\n3Go. A monument to mark Camp Letterman.\\n3G4. A monument to mark headquarters Fifth Army Corps.\\n363. Property of heirs of Abraham Trostle.\\n36G. Camping ground for Second West Virginia Regiment.\\n367.- -Map of Stevens Knoll.\\n3.)S. Map of avenues and roads.\\n3G9. Position of chain and balls on Barlow s Knoll.\\n370.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Map showing tracts exchanged between William Patterson and Simon J.\\nCodori.\\n371.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Corps badges.\\n372.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Drain pipe on Howard avenue.\\n373. Plot of Fourteenth Connecticut Regiment.\\n374. Cast-iron tablet and stand.\\n37o.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Corps badges.\\n376. Land and Improvement Company s land.\\n377. Drain pipe near Bryan House.\\n878. Map showing road around Twenty-eighth Massachusetts monument.\\n379.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Map showing road around Twenty-eighth Massachusetts monument.\\n380. Grand Army badges.\\n381.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Grand Army badges.\\n38 Plan for piked roadway through Reynolds Grove.\\n383. Orchard on Trostle farm.\\n384.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Plan of avenue along south base, Culp s Hill.\\n38o.- Property of L. Trostle.\\n386. 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