{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3424", "width": "2253", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "Book", "height": "3356", "width": "2165", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3388", "width": "2191", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3356", "width": "2165", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3368", "width": "2191", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3341", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3383", "width": "2035", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3341", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "ERSONS, PLACES AND\\nIDEAS MISCELLANEOUS\\nESSAYS.\\nBY B. O. FLOWER, AUTHOR OF\\nCIVILIZATION S INFERNO, THE\\nNEW TIME, AND GERALD MASSEY.\\nWITH OVER THIRTY FULL-PAGE ILLUSTRATIONS.\\nTHE ARENA PUBLISHING\\nCOMPANY, COPLEY SQUARE,\\nBOSTON, MASS., U. S. A.\\nh-", "height": "3347", "width": "2010", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "^c^\\\\^\\nV6^\\n3 Lj-^bn.", "height": "3289", "width": "2040", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "to tRe memory\\nof\\n(5i^cou (I, 1Rce^,\\nIne o^ tfie ^our^iler o^ Ufie eKrena\\nPu6fi\u00c2\u00aba)^ing (^ompan^, ar^i. it ^i(* s)t\\n^reit \\\\^erL C. sh. man coBo(^e no6fe\\naric| uno;^teritatioU(\u00c2\u00a3) aiil to t^O(i)e\\nin aeeil or ili \u00c2\u00ab)ti*e/l (t) coa i onf^\\nequafPeil 6lj fil*^) FiSeraPit^\\nto tR\u00c2\u00a9 eau \u00c2\u00ab)e o^ (\u00c2\u00ab)cieace,\\nprogt*eit) anil fiSecaP\\ntftougfit.", "height": "3347", "width": "2010", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3289", "width": "2102", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "^ablc of Contents,\\nChapteu. Page.\\nI. Deuioatiox\\nII. ClIAKLES DAKWIN 7\\nIII.,, An Idealistic DiiEAMER Who Sings IN i^E Minor Key 19\\nIV. Mask or Mirror .27\\nV. A Poet of the People 37\\nVI. I. After Sixty Years -jO\\nVII. Ciiester-on-tiip Dee O\\nVIII. Strolls Beyond the Walls of Chestek\\nIX. Winter Days in Florida 106\\nX. Religious Thought in Colonial Days l- l\\nXI. Some Social Ideals Held by Victor Hugo 1-^2\\nXII. Postering the Savage in the Young 1-^8\\nXIII. Hypnotism AND its Relation TO Psychical Research l 9\\nXIV. Crucial Moments in National Life 178\\nXV. Room for the Soul of Man 181\\nXVI. The August Present 184", "height": "3337", "width": "2077", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3289", "width": "2102", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "flllufitrationcn\\nCiiARLEf=i Darwix, FuU-Pai^e Portrait With Autograph\\nLouise Chaxdlek Movlton, Full-Page Portrait With Autograph\\nSmall poktkait of Mk. IIearx and thrke scenes fkom Siioke-\\nACRES\\nJames G. Claiik, Full-Page Portrait With Autograph\\nBishop Lloyd s House, Chester\\nA PiOMAx Altar found in Excavation ix Chester\\nThe Old Staxley Palace\\nA VIEW of Watergate Tower axd the City Walls\\nPhcenix Tower from the Canal\\nA Street ix Chester\\nGod s Providence House\\nRuixs of the Church of St. John\\nThe Cathedral of Chester\\nOld Cloister belonging to toe Cathedrai, of Chester\\nThe Grosvenor Biiidge ove^HMMBpee\\nChester from the Dee r^\\nEaton H^J|, The Country Seat Of The Duke Of Westminster\\nGrand Saloon in Eaton Hall\\nLibrary in Eaton Hall\\nPortrait of Gladstone and his Granddaughter\\nHawarden, The Home Of W. E. Gladstone\\nWinter Scenes on an Lsland in the Halifax PavER\\nThe ToMOKA PavER\\nA View of the Halifax-Piver from ri|! LiFAx Peninsula oppo\\nSITE Daytona\\nM\\n2()\\n3(5\\n66\\n()6\\n67\\n()S\\n70\\n72\\n73\\n74\\n75\\n76\\n78\\n88\\n90\\n92\\n94\\n97\\n99\\n107\\n108\\n110", "height": "3337", "width": "2077", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "miustrations.\\nPage.\\nToMOKA Cabin ON THE Bank OF THE ToMOKA .Ill\\nWinter Scene on the Halifax Beach .112\\nWinter Bathing on East Coast of Florida 113\\nMoonlight on the Halifax Beach 114\\nClam Dig(;ing and Bathing on the Halifax Beach in Feb-\\nruary 115\\nA Storm ON THE Ocean 116\\nEivek Eoad from Daytona TO Holly Hill lis\\nBeach Street, Daytona, Florida 120\\nVolusia Avenue, Daytona, Florida 121\\nAnother Scene on Beach Street, Day-tona 122\\nRiDGEWooD Avenue, Day^tona, Florida .124\\nLive Oak and Palmetto on the River Banks at Daytona 12.i\\nThe Palmetto in Blossom 126\\nThe Orange Blossom 3?8\\nMagnolia Blossoms 129\\nVictor Hugo, Full-Page Portrait With Autograph 143", "height": "3289", "width": "2102", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3327", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "CL\\nayruy\\\\^", "height": "3315", "width": "2117", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "Xife of Charles H)arwtn,\\nI.\\nThe name of Charles Darwin will ever be pre-eminent among\\nthe immortal coterie of commanding thinkers who have made\\nthe nineteenth century the most notable epoch in the history of\\nscientific thought and attainment. The influence of his careful\\nand patient research and the logical deductions which he gave\\nmankind in his masterly volumes have changed, to a great\\nextent, the current of a world s thought. Not that Darwin\\nalone accomplished this, for never was king surrounded by more\\nloyal knights than Avas this gi-eat man environed by giant think-\\ners who nobly fought for the thought he sought to establish,\\nagainst the combined opposition of established religious and\\nscholastic conservatism. But the important fact must not be\\noverlooked that had it not been for the years of patient observa-\\ntion and research, which enabled Mr. Darwin tangibly to demon-\\nstrate the truth of many imi)ortant contested questions, the\\nsplendid philosophical presentations of Spencer, the important\\nlabors of Dr. Alfred Kussel Wallace, and other scarcely less\\nvigorous thinkers would have only been sufficient to arouse a\\nfierce war, which even a century miglit not have settled, in\\nfavor of the bold innovators. Hence Mr. Darwin will ever stand\\nas the great apostle of evolutionary thought, vaguely fore-\\nshadoweil by Buffon, St. Ililaire, and Erasmus Darwin, and\\nboldly outlined by Lamarck. Around his head the storm of con-\\nservatism, intolerance, and religious bigotry played. He was\\nsneeringly styled the monkey man, and his thouglitful observa-\\ntions and deductions, which were the results of more than thirtv\\nyears of patient research, were wantonly caricatured and dis\\ntorted by men who above all others should have demanded for\\nthem a frank and candid hearing. It is eminently proper, there-\\nfore, that by common consent Charles Darwin be assigned the\\nloftiest niche in the temi)le of evolutionary thought. And yet\\nwe must never forget that he was essentially a demonstrator; his\\nmind ever dwelt upon the special the minute. The broad,\\nphilosophical vision of Herbert Spencer was absent in Darwin\\nand in the nature of the case he could not see, much less develop,\\nthe full ethical significance of the truth of which he is the most\\n7", "height": "3316", "width": "2097", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "8 persons, places ant) iFDeas.\\nillustrious prophet. There is another phase of Darwin s life\\nwhich renders it peculiarly interesting and helpful. In the man\\nwe find one of the noisiest types of nineteenth-century life.\\nDarwin the scientist is imposing. Darwin the man is inspiring.\\nThe former stimulates the intellect the latter enriches, by its\\nluminous example, the soul life of all who patiently follow tlie\\ngreat savant through the long years of invalidism, in which his\\nsweet spirit ever shone resplendent, and his love for truth Avas\\nan over-mastering passion,\\nII.\\nIn the life of Charles Darwin we find a striking illustration of\\nthe gradual unfolding or evolution of character. In boyhood he\\nwas neither l)right nor over-burdened with virtue in his early\\nlife we search in vain for any of those luminous scintillations of\\ngenius which have characterized the youth of many illustrious\\npersons. Indeed, if we are to rely on the charmingly frank auto-\\nbiography written for his children, he Avas a very commonplace\\nboy, generally considered dull, and more or less given to lying,\\nnot with a vicious intent, but owing to a youthful desire to create\\na sensation.\\nCharles Darwin was not a ])erson wlio would have shone in\\nany Avalk of life indeed, if his father had not been a man of\\nmeans, and the son had felt compelled to qualify himself for the\\nprofession of a physician, as Avas at first contem]dated, or if he\\nhad entered the ministry of the Church of England, for Avhich\\nhe Avas afterAvard partially qualified, he would, in all probability,\\nhave passed liis life in some obscure nook unknown to fame, for\\nbe Avas singularly free from ambition.\\nIt Avas his great quenchless love for scientific pursuits, largely\\ninherited from his grandfather, Avhose latent fires Professor Hens-\\nlow fanned into flames, and later his great desire to aid in solving\\nthe mystery of life, Avhich haunted his every step, urging him\\nouAvard Avith irresistible sway. Indeed, we may say Charles Dar-\\nwin liecame famous in spite of himself.\\nOf his boyhood, he observes, in an abandon of candor:\\nI believe that I was considered by all my masters and by my father\\nas a very ordinary boy, rather below the common standard in intellect.\\nTo my deep mortification, my father once said to me: You care for\\nnotliing but shooting, dogs, and rat-catcliing, and you Avill be a disgrace\\nto yourself and all your family. But my father, who Avas the kindest\\nman I ever knew, and Avhose memory I love with all my heart, must\\nhave been angry and somewhat unjust when he used such words.\\nAgain he continues\\nOne little event has fixed itself very firmly in my mind, and I hope\\nthat it has done so from my conscience having been afterwards sorely", "height": "3300", "width": "2112", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "%itc of Cbarles Barwin. 9\\ntroubled by it. I told another little boy [I believe it was Leighton, who\\nafterwards became a well-known licheuolopst and botanist], that I could\\nIjroduce variously colored polyanthuses and primroses by watering them\\nwith certain colored fluids, which was, of course, a monstrous fable,\\nand had never been tried by me. I may here also confess that as a little\\nboy I was much given to inventing deliberate falsehoods, and this always\\nwas done for the sake of causing excitement. For instance, I once\\ngathered much valuable fruit from my father s trees and hid it in the\\nshrubbery, and then ran in breathless haste to spread the news that I had\\ndiscovered a hoard of stolen fruit. I must have been a very simple little\\nfellow when I first went to the school. A boy of the name of Garnett\\ntook me into a cake shop one day, and bought some cakes for which he\\ndid not pay, as the shopman trusted him. When we came out I asked him\\nwhy he did not pay for them, and he instantly answered, Why, do you\\nnot know that my uncls left a great sum of money to the town on condi-\\ntion that every tradgsman should give whatever was wanted without\\npayment to any ov-d who wore his old hat and moved [it] in a particular\\nmanner? and ho then showed me how it was moved. He then went\\ninto another shop where he was trusted, and asked for some small article,\\nmoving his hat m the proper manner, and of course obtained it without\\npayment. When we came out he said, Now if you like to go by yourself\\ninto that cake shop, I wilLlend you my hat, and you can get whatever you\\nlike if you move the hat on your head properly. I gladly accepted the\\ngenerous offer, and went in and asked for some cakes, moved the old hat,\\nand was walking out of the shop when the shopman made a rush at me.\\nSo I dropped the cakes and ran for dear life, and was astonished by\\nbeing greeted with shouts of laughter by my false friend Garnett.\\nThese frank ol)servations are valuable as indicating that in\\nthe youth we see little upon which we might reasonably predicate\\na brilliant future. He possessed, ho^vever, strong and diversified\\ntaste, much zeal for whatever interested him, and a keen pleas-\\nure in understanding any complex subject or thing. But while\\npainstaking and persevering along lines of research which weie\\nattractive, he was ill-disposed to master any subject for which\\nhe had no taste. Thus he declares that his early schooling, Avhich\\nextended over a period of seven years, was simply a blank,\\nowing to the fact that the curriculum was strictly classical, and\\nfor such study Darwin had neither aptitude nor taste.\\nWhen fifteen years old, his father sent him to Edinburgh, as it\\nhad been determined that he should become a physician. Of his\\nexperience here he says\\nThe instruction at Edinburgh was altogether by lectures, and these\\nwere intolei-ably dull, with the exception of those on Chemistry by\\nHope. Dr. Duncan s lectures on Materia Medica at eight o clock on a.\\nwinter s morning are something fenrful to remember. Dr. made\\nhis lectures on human anatomy as dull as he was himself, and tlie sub-\\nject disgusted me. During my second year at Edinburgh I at-\\ntended s lectures on Geology and Zoology, but they were incred-\\nibly dull. The sole effect they produced on me was the determination\\nnever as long as I lived to read a book on Geology, or in any way to\\nstudy the science.\\nLife and Letters of Charles Darwin, Vol. I., page 30.", "height": "3316", "width": "2097", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "10 persons, places an^ H^eas.\\nAfter spending two sessions in Edinburgh, his father, who had\\nlearned that his son did not intend to practice medicine, deter-\\nmined to have him enter the clergy. Accordingly he was sent\\nto Cambridge, where he passed three years and owing to lax\\nexaminations and some extra studying immediately before exam-\\nination, he succeeded in passing his examinations, being tenth in\\nthe list. Of his school days at Cambridge, he writes\\nDuring the three years which I spent at Cambridge my time was\\nwasted, as far as the academical studies were concerned, as completely\\nas at Edinburgh and at school. I attempted mathematics, and even\\nwent during the summer of 182S with a private tutor [a very dull man]\\nto Barmouth, but I got on very slowly. The work was repugnant\\nto me, chiefly from my not being able to see any meaning in the early\\nsteps in algebra. With respect to classics, I did nothing except attend a\\nfew compulsory college lectures, and the attendance was almost nomi-\\nnal. In my second year 1 had to work for a month or two to pass the\\nLittle-Go, which I did easily. Again, in my last year I worked with\\nsome earnestness for my final degree of B. A., and brushed up my\\nclassics, together with a little Algebra and Euclid. In order to pass the\\nB. A. examination, it was also necessary to get up Paley s Evidences of\\nChristianity and his Moral Philosophy. This was done in a thor-\\nough manner, and I am convinced that I could have written out the whole\\nof the Evidences loith perfect correctness, but not of course in the\\nclear language of Paley. The logic of this book and, as I may add, of\\nhis Natural Theology, gave me much delight. I did not at that time\\ntrouble myself about Paley s jJremises, and, taking these on trust, I was\\ncharmed and convinced by the long line of argumentation.\\nIn the light of the above observations of Mr. Darwin, coupled\\nwith his statement that he had previously mastered Pearson on\\nthe Creeds and other standard theological works, and that he\\nlooked forward with keen delight to the prospect of being a\\nclergyman, it is interesting to remember that within a few brief\\nyears he was destined to call forth, as did no other individual of\\nhis generation, an avalanche of denunciation, misrepresentation,\\nand bitter invective from the Avorld of Christian thought. What\\nwould have been his amazement if, while he was revelling in\\nPaley s Evidences, the curtain of futurity had parted before\\nhim, revealing the Charles Darwin of thirty years later, then\\nthe storm-centve of a world s thought, with the lightning of\\nclerical wrath playing about him and the thunders of theological\\nand conservative thought crashing above his head. Darwin, the\\ntheological student, gave small hint of holding within the woof\\nand web of his brain the thought-germs which were destined to\\nplay so important a part in changing the current of a world s\\nthought; and had it not been for a few seemingly trivial happen-\\nings and events which occurred about this time, the world would\\nprobably know even less of Charles Darwin to-day than it does\\nof his obscure brother. But for his meeting with Professor\\nHenslow, who seemed drawn with a strange fascination to the", "height": "3300", "width": "2112", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "%\\\\tc of Cbarles 2)arvvin. ii\\nyoung student but for Darwin chancing to read Humboldt s\\nPersonal Narrative, which stirred his whole nature and fired\\nhim with an intense longing to contribute in a small way to the\\nnoble structure of natural science and, lastly, had not the cap-\\ntain of the Beagle desired to take with him a competent natural-\\nist during his voyage around the world, it is more than probable\\nthat the great philosopher would have been simi)ly the IJev.\\nCharles Darwin, otticiating at some retired parish. Is it chance\\nor destiny which so often, in the most unexpected and seemingly\\ntrivial circumstance, alters the course of a life, which in turn\\nchanges the current of a world s thought? The i/s of history\\nand biography are a theme interesting and perplexing. Here\\nis a boy, devoid of all ambition for renown, accounted dull,\\nplodding through college, nearing the day when he is to enter\\nthe clergy; but his association with a great student of natural\\nscience, who is also an enthusiast, results in firing in the youth\\nthe hereditary love of physical science inherited from his\\ngrandfather. Humboldt s work adds greatly to the already\\nkindled flame. Next, the unex])ected opening for him to go as\\nnaturalist on the Beagle, and finally tlie overcoming of his\\nfather s stubborn opposition to this journey by Charles Darwin s\\nuncle, Josiah Wedgwood, These are the principal links in the\\nchain of circumstances which changed the theological student\\ninto the foremost naturalist of our century, and through Dar-\\nwin s observations and demonstrations changed, in an almost\\nincredibly short time, the scientific thought of the world, requir-\\ning a readjustment of theology and giving to life and law a\\nvaster and nobler significance than they had hitherto held in the\\nhuman mind. Were these links, the absence of any one of which\\nmight have been fatal, the result of blind chance or a law-ordered\\ndestiny\\nin.\\nThe five years* cruise of the Beagle, the real university course\\nof Darwin, the physical scientist, was so rich in information that\\nfrom the garnered truths, in the course of time, a world was to\\nbe moved, nay more, the thought of ages was destined, largely\\nthrough the accretions of knowledge thus gained, to be revolu-\\ntionized. We have seen from his own utterances how unsat-\\nisfactory was his scholastic training. Xoav, however, he stepped\\ninto the broad expanse of a new Avorld. Here, for the first time,\\nthe hunger of his soul experienced satisfaction. No longer com-\\npelled to feed upon the husks of classical thought, but untram-\\nmelled imder the great blue dome, with zone- wide class room in\\nwhich to master Nature s profoundest truths, Charles Darwin, the\\ndunce, became an intellectual Titan. True, his illustrious prede-", "height": "3316", "width": "2097", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "12 persons, places ant) H^eas.\\ncessors had blazed the way with speculative tliought before hira,\\nand this, to a mind like the young naturalist s, was of inestimable\\nvalue indeed, had not the luminous, speculative thought of St.\\nHilaire, Erasmus Darwin, and Lamarck shone as a pillar of fire\\nbefore liim, it is doubtful whether Darwin would have made any\\ndistinctively epoch-marking contributions to science, because the\\nyounger naturalist was a demonstrator rather than a discoverer.\\nHe lielonged to that class whose intellect always require a clue\\nwith that, through profound research and unflagging perseverance,\\nthey demonstrate great truths. Besides this mental peculiarity,\\nhis extreme lack of confidence in himself or the proper value of\\nhis own works would have prevented his advancing his discoveries\\nin any other than a tentative or hesitating manner, had he felt\\nthat he was announcing a theory not only contrary to the world-\\naccepted thought, but one undreamed of liy human minds before\\nhim.\\nIn Brazil, Darwin for the first time beheld the teeming, strug-\\ngling, self-strangling life of the tropics. Here he beheld sugges-\\ntions of that life which through unknown ages marked our globe\\nfrom pole to pole. Next passed before him in slowly moving\\npanorama the treeless pampas of South America; Patagonia,\\nwith its well-nigh Arctic zone, its almost naked savages, and its\\ninteresting natural features, standing in bold contrast to the\\nlately visited luxuriance of Brazil. The Andes of the Western\\ncoast were next explored, and from their rock-Avrit records im-\\nportant truths hitherto unobserved were gleaned. From South\\nAmerica the Beagle traversed the Pacific in a serpentine course,\\nweighing anchor at the Galapagos Archipelago, the Polynesian\\nIslands, New Zealand, and Austraha. At each point Darwin\\nmade discoveries of moment, either in geology, zoology, or bot-\\nany; while as straws carried by a strong current, numerous bio-\\nlogical facts drifted before his mental vision, tending to confirm\\nthe great theory which was already taking possession of his mind.\\nIn Australia, Darwin personally examined a fragment of an ancient\\nworld; here is found antiquated fauna strangely like the life of\\nEurope ages ago. At the Keeling Island, our scientific Columbus\\nmade further discoveries and observations of the coral reefs,\\ndestined to produce an important impression on the thought of\\nhis age.\\nFrom Australia, the Beagle slowly moved homeward, making\\nmany stops of more or less importance to Darwin, among which\\nwere Mauritius, St. Helena, and the Azores. On Oct. 2, 1836,\\nthe weather-beaten vessel reached England, having circumnavi-\\ngated the globe, although she had consumed five instead of two\\nyears of time, as was expected when she sailed.\\nDarwin was particularly fitted by nature for the work he was", "height": "3300", "width": "2112", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "Xife ot Cbarles Barwin. is\\ncalled upon to perform. His was the mind of a specialist. The\\nmost minute objects attracted his attention no less than the\\nremains of the mammoth forms which inhabited the globe ages\\nbefore the advent of man. Thus we find him ])atientjfv examin-\\ning through his microscope the dust which the wind blows upon\\nthe shijj. Though a specialist, his mind ran not in a narrow\\ngroove. Everything relating to biology of course held for him\\na special charm; geology, zoology, botany, and, indeed, all the\\nphases of physical science exerted an irresistiljle fascination over\\nhis mind. Again, he was probably the most painstaking and per-\\nsevering working naturalist of our age. While on board the\\nBeagle, during the entire voyage, he suffered most distressingly\\nfrom sea-sickness yet he daily persevered in his microscopical\\ninvestigation and scientific observations with unremitting perse-\\nverance, although he frecpiently found it necessary to leave his\\nwork for a time and seek a horizontal attitude.\\nIV.\\nJudging from the large number of voluminous books written\\nby the invalid worker of Down,* one would suppose his was a\\nwonderfully facile pen but such was by no means the case.\\nHe had poor command of language and was unusually slow and\\nclumsy as a writer, frequently having to recast a sentence many\\ntimes before he succeeded in conveying the idea he desired to\\npresent on paper. In writing of this great hindrance to work he\\nobserved There seems to be a sort of fatality in my mind,\\nleading me to j^ut my statements or jDropositions at first in a\\nwrong or awkward form. And again, toward the close of life,\\nhe says I have as much difficulty as ever in expressing myself\\nclearly and concisely, and this difficulty has caused me a great\\nloss of time. What, however, Darwin lacked in ease and fa-\\ncility of expression, he made up in perseverance. His work\\nhaunted him night and day. He realized that more than one\\nlifetime would be necessary properly to marshal the multitude\\nof vital facts which crowded upon his mental vision. Thus for\\nover forty years he toiled with brain and pen, dying in the armor,\\nbefore his magnificent intellect, which had revolutionized a world,\\nhad become dimmed, and in this particular the oft-repeated desire\\nof his life was granted.\\nIn 1839 Darwin published his Journal of Researches in Nat-\\nural History and Geology of the Countries Visited during the\\nVoyage of H. M. S. Beagle. It scored an immediate success,\\nmuch to the surprise and gratification of its author. He shortly\\nafter edited the publication of the Zoology of the Voyage of\\nDarwin, after circnmnavifcatinp; the globe, settled for a time in Loiulon, but after-\\nward removed to a comfortable, room.y home in Down, where he passed the loiitr laborious\\n3 ears of his useful life in tireless work.", "height": "3316", "width": "2097", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "14 persons, places ant) H^eas.\\nII. M. S. Beagle, a work which comprised live large volumes.\\nIn 184:2 he published The Structiire and Distribution of Coral\\nKeefs, a discussion which greatly enhanced his reputation.\\nIn rapid succession appeared other valuable scientific trea-\\ntises indeed, the amount of literary work accomjjlished by Mr.\\nDarwin is amazing when it is remembered that his entire literary\\ncareer was one long night of painful invalidism, apart from whith\\nwi iting was always slow and laborious work. In 1859 he electri-\\nfied the scientific world by bringing out his great masterwork,\\nThe Origin of Species. It was a bugle call. Instantaneously\\nthe old and new thought among scientists were marshalled under\\nopposing banners, and one of the most fierce and decisive battles\\nknown in the histoiy of literature was fought. Fortunately for\\nDarwin, however, the age had produced a race of giants, many\\nof whom, like the author of The Origin of Species, had caught\\ninspiration from Lamarck. These at once arranged themselves\\naround Mr. Darwin. The magnificent brain of Herbert Spencer\\nhad before this given the world the luminous truths from the\\nrealm of the speculative philosophy, while so great a working\\nnaturalist as Wallace reinforced Darwin with the rich treasures\\nhe had gathered during years of jiatient study under the torrid\\nsun of the Malay Arclii2)elago. The Church, as was perfectly\\nnatural, ranged herself upon the side of conservatism, and as-\\nsailed this new tliought with a bitterness of spirit which indi-\\ncated that she had not left the Dark Ages so far behind her that\\nthe spirit which made them one long night of horrors had entirely\\ndisappeared. As a rule, the scientific criticism was dignified, and\\nthough often bitter, the writers Avere usually as fair as could be\\nexpected. The reviewers, hoAvever, who possessed little or no\\nknowledge of jihysical science, often assailed they knew not\\nwhat, being inspii-ed by fanatical zeal resulting from a wide-\\nspread fear that the new thought would destroy religion. These\\ncritics frequently grossly misrepresented, mercilessly ridiculed,\\nand childishly caricatured the great patient disciple of nature,\\nwhose sole purpose in life was to add to man s heritage of truth.\\nIt would be amusing, if it were not pathetic, to note how society\\nis ever overtaken with the ague of fear when a new truth dawns\\non the world. To conservatism all innovations are unwelcome\\nintrusions; and usually, conventional thought seeks, in whatever\\nway the spirit of the age approves, to destroy the influence of the\\npromoters of progress. It may be the stake, as in the case of\\nBruno it may be the prison, as was the case in Galileo s time.\\nIt may be social ostracism, as has characterized the treatment of\\nhundreds of the chosen spirits of a later day. In Darwin s\\ncase, the Church sought to destroy his influence by fierce in-\\nvectives, biting sarcasm and wholesale ridicule. Yet it must be", "height": "3300", "width": "2112", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "Xite of Cbarles H arwin. i5\\nremembered that the thought was so bold and to the masses so\\nnew, that it seemed to strike a deadly blow at the root of the\\ntree of revelation. The Chm-ch felt that if Darwin succeeded,\\nreligion must fall. Thus, instead of inquiring whether or not the\\ntheory advanced was true, the clergy felt called upon to proceed\\nafter the manner of the Irish community, which inquired into\\nthe facts relating to the prisoner s guilt after they had hanged\\nthe accused. To all this calumny and misrepresentation, Charles\\nDarwin, be it said to his honor, never wasted a ])recious moment\\nin useless controversy. Grandly he stood,a colossus, enveloped\\nby the abuse of ignorance and l)igotry, serene in the conviction\\nthat he held the thread of a great truth which mankind must\\nin tlie fulness of time accept. The more men misrepresented\\nand abused, the harder he worked to prove his position by incon-\\ntrovertible facts and practical demonstrations. The Origin of\\nSpecies was an epoch-marking book. During the intervening\\nyears between its publication in 1859 and the publication of his\\nother masterpiece, The Descent of Man, in 1871, Mr, Darwin\\nmade a number of important contributions to scientific literature.\\nThe Descent of Man, however, to a certain extent, aronsed\\nanew the battle of 1859. During these years the theory of\\nevolution had rapidly grown in favor among tlioughtful people;\\nin 1871 it was clearly evident that the trend of the best thought\\nhad set in Darwin ward and though from the date of this last\\ngreat work until his death, eleven years later, lie added matei ially\\nto the rich store of facts he had given the world, it is by the\\nOrigin and Descent that Darwin Avill live throughout*^ suc-\\nceeding ages. These noble works were the breastworks around\\nwhich the liercest intellectual battle of modern times was fought;\\nbut the noble, patient and persevering laborer had the splendid\\nsatisfaction of living to see the breastworks not only remain\\nimpregnable, but the surrender of a vast majority of competent\\nscientists of the day. Two years before Darwin s death. Pro-\\nfessor Huxley delivered his famous address on The Coming\\nAge of the Origin of Species. Of this notable utterance Mr.\\nGrant Allen fittingly observes\\nThe time was a favorable one for reviewing the silent and almost\\nunobserved progTess of a great revolution. Twenty-one years had come\\nand gone since the father of modern scientific evolutionism had launched\\nupon the world liis tentative work. In tliose twenty-one years the\\nthought of liumanity had been twisted around as upon some* invisible\\npivot, and a new heaven and a new eartli had been presented to tlie eyes\\nof seers and thinkers.\\nY.\\nUnfortunately, the private life of many of the world s greatest\\nthinkers Avill not bear close scrutiny; indeed, the possession of a\\nbrain capable of marvellous penetration and dazzling intellectual", "height": "3316", "width": "2097", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "16 persons, places auD H^eas.\\niiights has so frequently been marred by the presence of an\\nunbalanced condition in other directions, that the very word\\ngenius has come to suggest to some close thinkers the presence\\nof insanity. Often men of the largest brains have disphiyed the\\nsmallest natures. An almost godlike power of intuition, and\\nthe eagle wings of genius have so frequently been chained to\\njealousy, personal ambition, indifference to others, immorality,\\nand an offensive self-worship, that the biographer has touched\\nupon the character and home life of his subject with feelings of\\nkeenest sadness. Not so with the writer who deals with tlie life\\nof Charles Darwin, as the power of his wonderful mind was only\\nsecond to tlie charm of his noble personality. He was the most\\nunselfish and sincere of men a stranger to that personal ambi-\\ntion which ruthlessly treads upon the happiness and tlie merit of\\nother.;; devoid of all traces of jealousy; diffident, indeed, as I\\nhave before obseiwed, his diffidence was so marked that it is not\\nimprobable that the world would never have received his best\\nthought had not Lamarck and other great thinkers blazed the\\nAvay befoie him. I know of no life where the supreme mastery\\nof self was more strikhighj illustrated than in the career of Dar-\\ntoin after he entered the portals of manhood. In writing of him\\nin after years, Sir James Sullivan, who sailed on the Beagle,\\nobserved: I can confidently express my belief that during live\\nyears on the Beagle he was never known to be out of temper, or\\nto say one unkind or harsh word of or to any one. The mar-\\nvellous command which Darwin at this early date had over his\\ntemper will be better appreciated if Ave remember that during\\nthis voyage the young philosopher Avas constantly seasick. In\\nafter years this wonderful control of his lower self grcAv more\\nand more complete. He had an iron Avill, but it Avas used in sub-\\njusi ating all that Avas unAvorthy of the noblest manhood in his\\nnature. Darwin loved his home i)assionately, and naught but\\nthirst for knoAvledge could have driven him forth on his long,\\nperilous voyage. In his letters Ave catch many delightful\\nglimpses of this strong, abiding home love, as, for example, the\\nfolloAving\\nIt is too delightful to think that I shall see the leaves fall and hear\\nthe robins sing next autumn at Shrewsbury. My feelings are those of\\na schoolboy to the smallest point; I doubt whether ever boy longed for\\nhis holidays as much as I do to see you all again. I am at present,\\nalthough nearly half the Avorld is betAveen me and home, beginning to\\narrange what 1 shall do, Avhere I shall go during the first Aveek.\\nHis marriage to his cousin Emma WedgAvood, which occurred\\nin January, 1839, proved to be an exceptionally happy union;\\neach cherished pure, deep affection for the other, and in each\\nother s society they experienced their rarest happiness. Of their\\nmarried life Francis DarAvin savs", "height": "3300", "width": "2112", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "%itc ot Cbarles Darwfn. 17\\nOf liis married life I caunot speak, save in the briefest manner. In\\nhis rehitionship towards my mother, his tender and sympathetic nature\\nwas shown in its most beautiful aspect. In her presence he found his\\nhappiness, and through her, his life which mioht have been overshad-\\nowed by gloom became one of content and quiet gladness.\\nHis deep love for his wife and children was very marked.\\nThis tireless delver into the mysteries of life had a heart as ten-\\nder as the most sensitive maiden. Seldom have I read any lines\\nmore touchingly beautiful than the following, written when he\\nlost his little ten-year-old daughter\\nFrom whatever point I look back at her, the main feature in her dis-\\nposition, which at once rises before me, is her buoyant joyousness, tem-\\npered by two other characteristics, namely, her sensitiveness, which\\nmight easily have been overlooked by a stranger, and her strong affec-\\ntion. It was delightful and cheerful to behold her. Her dear face now\\nrises before me, as she used to come running downstairs with a stolen\\npinch of snuff for me, her whole form radiant with the pleasure of giv-\\ning pleasure.\\nEven when playing with her cousins, when her joyousness almost\\npassed into boisterousness, a single glance of my eye, not of displeasure\\n(for I thank God I hardly ever cast one on her), but of want of sym-\\npathy, would for some minutes alter her whole countenance. Her\\nwhole mind was pure and transparent. One felt one knew her thor-\\noughly and could trust her. She often used exaggerated lan-\\nguage, and when I quizzed her by exaggerating what she had said,\\nhow clearly can I now see the little toss of the head, and exclamation of\\nOh, papa, what a shame of you In the last short illness her conduct\\nin simple truth was angelic. She never once complained; never became\\nfretful; was ever considerate of others, and was thankful in the most\\ngentle, pathetic manner for everything done for her. When so exhausted\\nthat she could hardly speak, she praised everything that was given her,\\nand said some tea was beautifully good. Wlien I gave her some\\nwater she said, I quite thank you, and these, I believe, w ere the last\\nprecious words ever addressed by her dear lips to me. We have lost the\\njoy of the household and the solace of our old age. She must have\\nknown how we loved her. Oh, that she could now know how deeply,\\nhow tenderly, we do still and shall ever love her dear, joyous face!\\nBlessings on her!\\nThe great secret of Darwin s accomplishing such a vast amount\\nof work lay in the two words 2)erseverance and order. He was\\none of the most persistent of investigators. The suffering and\\nexhaustion incident to his painful and unremitting illness were\\nnot considered by this tireless worker sufficient cause for rest.\\nEach day his apportioned work was prepared with clocklike regu-\\nlarity. Languages were exceedingly difficult for him to master\\nbut in order to acquaint himself with the views of some great\\nGerman scientilic thinkers, he mastered the language sufficiently\\nto read the works, although he always pronounced the words in\\nEnglish. Another illustration of this same spirit of perseverance\\nis related in the following Avords by Admiral Stokes, who ac-\\ncompanied Darwin on the Beagle:", "height": "3316", "width": "2097", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "18 persons, places an^ H^eas.\\nWe worked together for several years at the same table in the poop\\ncabin of the Beagle during her celebrated voyage, he with liis micro-\\nscope and myself at the charts. It was often a very lively end of the\\nlittle craft, and distressingly so to my old friend, who suffered greatly\\nfrom sea-sickness. After, perhaps, an hour s work he would say to me:\\nOld fellow, I must take the horizontal for it, that being the best relief\\nposition from ship motion; a stretch out on one side of the table for\\nsometime would enable him to resume his labors for a while, when he\\nhad again to lie down.\\nSuch are a few interesting facts concerning this noble life. In\\na brief pen picture of this character it is impossible to touch\\neven briefly uj^on the points of excellence in a life so rich iu the\\nglory of developed manhood.\\nThe death of Charles Darwin, which occurred on the 19th of\\nApril, 1882, cast a gloom over the whole scientific world. The\\nboy who in 1831 seemed to possess so little, and of whom his\\nfather entertained serious apprehension lest he should turn out a\\nworthless sporting character, had reached the foremost place in\\nthe ranks of great scientists, even in the golden age of scientific\\nresearch. He was buried in AVestminster near the tomb of New-\\nton. Among his pall-bearers were his loved co-laborers, Wallace,\\nHuxley, Lubbock and Hooker, In closing this sketch I will\\nquote a paragraph from Mr. Allen s graphic summary of the\\npersonal characteristics of the great man who in life was as\\ncareless of his personal fame as he was devoted to the cause of\\nscience\\nOf Darwin s pure and exalted moral nature no Englishman of the\\npresent generation can trust himself to speak with becoming modera-\\ntion. His love of truth, his singleness of heart, his sincerity, his ear-\\nnestness, his modesty, his candor, his absolute sinking of self and self-\\nishness these, indeed, are all conspicuous to every reader on the very\\nface of every word he ever printed. Like his works themselves, they\\nmust long outlive him. But liis sympathetic kindliness, his ready gen-\\nerosity, the staunchness of his friendsliip, the width and depth and\\nbreadth of his affections, the manner in which he bore with those who\\nblamed him unjustly without blaming them in return, these things\\ncan never so well be known to any otlier generation of men as to the\\nthree generations who walked the world witli liim. Many even of those\\nwho did not know him loved him like a father; to many who never saw\\nhis face tlie hope of winning Charles Darwin s approbation and regard\\nwas the highest incentive to thought and action. Towards younger men,\\nespecially, his unremitting kindness was always most notewoi thy; he\\nspoke and wrote to them, not like one of the masters in Israel, but like\\na fellow-worker and seeker after truth, interested in their interests,\\npleased at their successes, sympathetic with their failures, gentle to\\ntheir mistakes. He had the sympathetic receptivity of all truly\\ngreat minds, and when he died thousands upon thousands who had\\nnever beheld his serene features and his fatherly eyes felt they had lost,\\nindeed, a personal friend. Greatness is not always joined with gentle-\\nness; in Charles Darwin s case, by universal consent of all who knew\\nhim, an intellect which had no superior was wedded to a character\\neven nobler than the intellect.", "height": "3300", "width": "2112", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3316", "width": "2097", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": ".i/^^ t", "height": "3300", "width": "2112", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "an \u00e2\u0080\u00a2fI^cali\u00c2\u00a31tic Dreamer Mbo Stnoe In a\\nfIDinor 1ke\\\\\\nBeyond and above the severely utilitarian spirit which\\nenters so largely into life to-day, firing millions of brains\\nwith an all-consuming passion for wealth, rises a far-reaching\\nand overmastering thought which is at once speculative\\nand progressive. A great unrest has taken possession of the\\nthinking world. A profound conviction that the advance\\nguard of civilization is fronting epoch-marking struggles is\\ndaily gaining currency. Especially is this true in America,\\nwhere religious, ethical, educational, economic and political\\nproblems are being subjected to the most unsparing critical\\ninvestigation. Thus it is by no means strange that idealistic\\nwriters who flourish in the quiet breathing-spells of nations\\nfind small favor in a period of unrest and conflict such as\\nthe present. They are regarded as the allies of convention-\\nalism and this, to a certain extent, is doubtless true.\\nThe wonderful growth of sentiment in favor of the robust\\nrealism of Ibsen, Tolstoi, Howells and Garland is readily\\naccounted for when we remember that this new thought has\\nallied itself to the moral impulses of the day. It is a part\\nof the great protest of the hour. Its waves bear forward\\ngreat vital reforms which are thrilling every nerve and fibre\\nof the best progressive tliought of the age. It speaks with\\nthe authority of truth, albeit its visage is sombre, stern and\\nnot infrequently repulsive.\\nThe New Learning, which in England rose to com-\\nmanding proportions during the latter part of the fifteenth\\ncentury, and flourished so luxuriantly in the early decades\\nof the sixteenth century, quickened the thought of the people,\\nand allied itself to reformative impulses, which prepared the\\nway for transforming Catholic England into a foremost Prot-\\nestant nation. So to-day the growing discontent of millions\\nof more or less thoughtful persons has found expression in\\nthe austere utterances of such writers as Tolstoi and Ibsen,", "height": "3290", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "20 iPersons, places an^ IF^cas.\\ngreat, prophetic souls, who dare to speak the truth in the\\nteeth of conventional intellectual effeminacy, whose very\\nweakness and vice are emphasized by its affected morality.\\nThe new thought has done more than sounded the note\\nof reform it has unmasked unjust conditions, and revealed\\nthe parasites preying on the vitals of civilization. It has\\nboldly exhibited that moral energy and aggressiveness of\\nspirit which the coming conflict demands. It is iconoclastic,\\na voice in the wilderness but its brow, if stern, bears the\\nmajesty of reality. It does not palter with truth. Thus, in\\nthe very nature of the case, the reformative thought of the\\nage is found massing under the banner of realism. In the\\nimmediate future, therefore, realism will grow in popular\\nfavor at least until great radical reforms have been ushered in.\\nNevertheless, the human soul is ever haunted by the\\nideal, even in moments of supreme tension, and when every\\nfibre is strained for action as stern and uncompromising\\nas v/arfare waged in olden times by austere puritanism.\\nDreams of the past and visions of tlie morrow; love, aspira-\\ntion, hope, the glory of the vanished past, the ideal of the\\ngolden future; these pictures are ever present in the mind\\nand for them the soul hungers, even after the marchiug\\norders have been given, and the world s advance guard is\\nalready in the thick of the combat for epoch-marking vic-\\ntories such as from time to time show civilization s evolu-\\ntionary steps. Thus the idealistic poet, even though regarded\\nby the new thought as somewhat of a Philistine, will ever\\nhold a seat in the holiest of holies of many human hearts\\nwill ever be loved more or less alike by critic and artisan,\\nbecause the songs sung reflect the longing of man s inner\\nnature.\\nThe writings of our idealists may, as the aggressive realist\\nasserts, act as moral anaesthetics at great crises in human\\nhistory, but they also afford a certain rest and food for even\\nthose whose sympathies and work carry them, with irresistible\\nsway, into the ranks of the iconoclastic reformers. To me\\nnothing is more restful or satisfying, after a day of stern\\nbattle, than an hour with the poet or dreamer who sees and\\nunderstands how to picture that which must ever be sacred\\nto the human heart. We all more or less resemble caged\\nbirds who struggle for larger freedom and broader vision, and\\nat the present day the beating of wings is particularly active.", "height": "3300", "width": "2112", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "Hu fl^ealistic H)rcamcv. 21\\nRecently, after a week of somewhat exhausting work, not\\nunmixed with canker-eating, petty aggravations, which in\\nthemselves aie so insignificant, and yet in the aggregate are\\nso fatal to mental equipoise and spiritual harmony a week\\nin which almost every mail brought letters burdened with\\nthe stories of struggles, disappointments, and trials, with\\nhopes deferred and aspirations unrealized (for an editor is\\nmuch like a clergyman to him are confided the heartaches\\nand the puzzling problems of thousands of his constituency)\\na week in which tlie cruel injustice of prevailing economical\\nconditions and the heartlessness of grasping wealth had been\\npeculiarly strongly impressed by visits to the wretched dens\\nof our slums, I sought rest in mj library. Here I chanced\\nto take up Mrs. ]\\\\Ioulton s charming volumes of idealistic\\nverses,* and from them I derived much of that subtle,\\nindefinable pleasure one feels who finds a shady retreat\\nin a garden of roses. It is not alone the beauty of the\\nflowers, the rich perfume floating on every breeze, or the\\nmelody of the birds, but rather the sum of nature s prod-\\nigality which satisfies the wearied soul. So in these charming\\nand unpretentious little fragments of verse, one feels the\\nmingled pleasure gained from pure, deep, poetic powers,\\nmarried to finished art, and voicing emotions common to all.\\nand held sacred wherever love refines aspiring souls. Few\\nwriters in this sternly utilitarian age possess in so marked a\\ndegree the rare power of penetrating the depths of the soul,\\nand calling forth half-forgotten dreams as ]\\\\Irs. Moulton.\\nHer poems are simple, chaste, and for the most part pitched\\nin the minor key. A noble femininity pervades them, giving\\nrare delicacy of thouglit and expression. For example, note\\nthe following exquisite conceit\\nIF I COULD KEEP HER SO.\\nJust a little baby, lying in my arms,\\nWould that I could keep you with your baby charms;\\nHelpless, clingiuo: tiugors, downy, golden hair,\\nWhere the sunshine lingers, caught from otherwhere;\\nBlue eyes asking questions, lips that cannot speak,\\nEoly-poly shoulders, dimple in your cheek.\\nDainty little blossom in a world of woe.\\nThus I fain would keep you, for I love you so.\\nSwallow riifrhts and In the Garden of Dreams. Two volumes of poetry by\\nLouise Chandler Moulton. Published by Roberts Brothers, Boston.", "height": "3290", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "22 persons, places an H^eas.\\nRoguish little damsel, scarcely six years old,\\nFeet that never weary, hair of deeper gold;\\nKestless, busy fingers, all the time at play.\\nTongue that never ceases talking all the day\\nBlue eyes learning wonders of the world about,\\nHere you come to tell them, what an eager shout!\\nWinsome little damsel, all the neighbors know;\\nThus I long to keep you, for I love you so.\\nSober little schoolgirl, with your strap of books,\\nAnd such grave imixn-tance in your puzzled looks;\\nSolving weary prol)lcms, ])()ring over sums,\\nYet with tooth for sponge cake and for sugar ijlums;\\nHeading books of romance in your bed at night,\\nWaking up to study with the morning light;\\nAnxious as to ribbons, deft to tie a bow,\\nFull of contradictions, I would keep you so.\\nSweet and thoughtful maiden, sitting by my side,\\nAll the world s before you, and tne world is wide.\\nHearts are there for winning, hearts are there to break.\\nHas your own, shy maiden, just begun to wake\\nIs that rose of dawnmg glowing on your cheek\\nTelling us in blushes what you will not speak\\nShy and tender maicien, I would fain forego\\nAll the golden future, just to keep you so.\\nAh! the listening angels saw that she was fair,\\nEipe for rare unfolding in the upper air;\\nXow the rose of dawning turns to lily white.\\nAnd the close-shut eyelids veil the eyes from sight;\\nAll the past I summon as I kiss her brow,\\nBabe, and child, and maiden, all are with me now.\\nThough my heart is breaking, yet God s love I know,\\nSafe among the angels, I would keep her so.\\nThe intensity of emotion and power of antithesis in\\nthought rather tlian words, are strikingly illustrated in\\nTHE HOUSE or DEATH.\\nNot a hand has lifted the latchet\\nSince she went out of the door.\\nKo footstep shall cross the threshold,\\nSince she can come in no more.\\nThere is rust upon locks and hinges,\\nAnd mould and blight on the walls,\\nAnd silence faints in the chambers.\\nAnd darkness waits in the halls,", "height": "3295", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "Hn 1[ eali5tic Breamer. 23\\nWaits, as all things have waited,\\nSince she went, that day of spring,\\nBorne in her jiallid splendor.\\nTo dwell in the Conrt of the King,\\nWith lilies on brow and bosom,\\nAVith robes of silken sheen,\\nAnd her wonderful frozen beauty\\nThe lilies and silk between.\\nRed roses she left behind her.\\nBut they died long, long ago,\\nTwas the odoi ous ghost of a blossom\\nThat seemed through the dusk to glow.\\nThe garments she left, mock the shadows\\nWith hints of womanly grace,\\nAnd luT image swims in the mirror\\nThat was so used to her face.\\nThe birds make insolent music\\nWhere the sunshine riots outside;\\nAnd the winds are merry and wanton\\nWith the summer s pomp and pride.\\nBut into this desolate mansion,\\nWhere Love has closed the door,\\nNor sunshine nor summer shall enter\\nSince she can come in no more.\\nThis, to my mind, is one of the strongest poems written by\\nMrs. Moulton. The power of imagination and the depth of\\ngrief expressed suggest some of the weird verses of Edgar\\nAllan Poe. Mrs. Moulton is not a reformer the clashing of\\nbattle, the marshalling of forces, the bugle s call to action,\\nappeal not to her. There is in her work little of that fervid\\nthought of the moral reformer which leaps forth at white\\nheat from so many of Whittier s verses. Her tastes lie in\\nthe idealistic world, where her earnestness and sincerity are\\nalmost as marked as her poetical power and artistic skill.\\nPossessing a j^rofoundly religious nature, yet imbued with\\nthe scientific spirit of the age, we find in her a Avonian in per-\\nfect touch with the most spiritual element of the new thought.\\nThe old-time fear does not terrify her, nor can she boast of the\\nblind, implicit faith which, strange tc say, lested serenely on\\nso many brows during the ages when it was the popular belief\\nthat millions of God s children were doomed to everlasting\\nflames. She loves and questions, and is not this the spirit-", "height": "3290", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0080\u00a224 persons, places an H^eas.\\nual state of thousands of our best thinkers to-day Here is\\na characteristic poem, which illustrates the attitude of our\\nauthor s mind\\nLOJfG IS THE WAY.\\nLong is the way, O Lord\\nMy steps are weak;\\nI listen for Thy word,\\nWhen wilt Thou speak\\nMust I still wander on\\nMid noise and strife;\\nOr go as Thou hast gone,\\nFrom life to life\\nBelow I give two sonnets taken from a cluster of real\\ngems in Swallow Flights\\nFIRST LOVE.\\nTime was you heard the music of a sigh,\\nAnd love awoke; and willa it song was born,\\nSong, glad as young bird s carol in the morn,\\nAnd tender as the l)hie and l)rooding sky\\nWhen all the earth feels Spring s warm witchery,\\nAnd with fresh flowers her bosom doth adorn;\\nAnd lovers love, and cannot love forlorn,\\nSince love is of the gods, and may not die.\\nIn after years may come some wildering light,\\nSome sweet delusion, followed for a space,\\nSuch titful fireflies flash athwart the night.\\nBut fade before the shining of that face\\nWhieli shines upon you still in death s despite.\\nWhose steadfast IJeauty lights till death your days.\\nONE DEE AD.\\njSTo depth, dear love, for thee is too profound;\\nThere is no farthest height thounnayst not dare^\\nXor shall thy wings fail in the upper air.\\nIn funeral robe and wreath my past lies bound;\\n]^o old-time voice assails me with its sound\\nWhen thine I hear; no former joy seems fair;\\nAnd now one only thing could bring despair.\\nOne grief like compassing seas my life surround,\\nOne only terror in my way be met,\\nOne great eclipse change my glad day to night.\\nOne phantom only, turn from red to white\\nThe lips whereon thy lips have once been set\\nThou knowest well, dear Love, what that must be.\\nThe dread of some dark day unshared by thee.", "height": "3295", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "Bu 1fC)ealistic Breamer. 25\\nAll of Mrs. Moul ton s poems are pure and healthy m tone,\\nalthough she is more often sad than merry, and a spirit of\\nearnest inquiry as to the to-morrow of life pervades many ot\\nher best creations, reflecting, I imagine, the heart-hunger of\\nher nature, and, indeed, in this respect also the hunger of the\\nage. As a specimen of this tendency I quote the following\\nfrom her volume In a Garden of Dreams. It is a beautiful\\nconceit, and represents a thought met with frequently in this\\nauthor s prose as well as poetry.\\nIN A GAEDEX.\\nPale in the ijallid moonlight,\\nWhite as the rose on lier breast,\\nShe stood in the fair rose-garden,\\nWith her shy young love contest.\\nThe roses climbed to kiss her,\\nThe violets, pmple and sweet,\\nBreathed their despair in the fragrance\\nThat bathed her beautiful feet.\\nShe stood there, statelj a;id slender,\\n(rold hair on her shoulders shed,\\nClothed all in white, like the visions\\nWhen the living l)eli()ld the dead.\\nThere with her lover beside her.\\nWith life and with love she thrilled.\\nWhat mattered the world s wide sonow\\nTo her, with her joy ful tilled?\\nNext year, in the fair rose-garden\\nHe Availed alone and dunil),\\nIf, perchance, from the silent country.\\nThe soul of the dead would come\\nTo comfort the living and loving\\nWith the ghost of a lost deliglil,\\nAnd thrill into quivering welcome\\nThe desolate, brooding night.\\nTill softly a wind in the distance\\nBegan to blow and blow;\\nThe moon bent nearer and nearer,\\nAnd solemn, and sweet, and slow\\nCame a wonderful rapture of music\\nThat turned to her voice at last;\\nThen a cold, soft touch on his forehead\\nLike the breath of the v/ind that passed;", "height": "3290", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "26 persons, places an^ H^eas.\\nLike the breath of the wind slie touchLHl liiin.\\nThin was tlie voice, and cold,\\nAnd something;, that seemed hke a sha(k)\\\\v,\\nSlipped through his feverish hold.\\nBut the voice had said, I love you\\nWith my first love and my last\\nThen again that Avonderful music.\\nAnd he knew that her soul had passed.\\nIt is this anxious thought, this overmastering desire to\\nlanoiv what lies beyond the vale, springing from the union of\\na strongly religious nature with a mind trained in the school\\nof modern scientific inquiry, which gives a certain sombre\\ncast to many of her poems. The interrogation point is often\\nfelt if not i^cen. This spirit, however, is symptomatic of our\\nage, for we are in a period of religious transition. The mists\\nwhich were a pillar of lire to our fathers are dissolving before\\nthe purpling dawn of a juster and nobler day than humanity\\nha^ ever knoAvn. But as yet the morning has not advanced\\nfar enough to give the people a clear vision of the path-\\nway along which, with glad, exultant song, will journey the\\nchildren of to-morrow. At each new step in the world s\\nprogress, humanitv is depressed with the same all-pervading\\ndoubt, the same uncertainty and fear. This is no less true\\nto-day than it has been in the past. History is replete with\\nstriking illustrations of society convulsed with the ague of\\nfear, as from time to time great truths have been discovered\\nwhich ran counter to conservative thought and it is fair\\nto suppose that succeeding generations, viewing our present\\nconflict, will marvel that the lifeless shell of the old held in\\nthrall a single aspiring soul, or that we walked so lamely in\\nthe glorious light of the new day, even as we wonder how a\\nworld could be so blind as to refuse so long the splendid\\nvisions of creation given by Copernicus anci other torch\\nbearers of truth.", "height": "3295", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3290", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "1) Jrts. A. Ilcnie, author of Shoro Aorc*\\nand creator of character ot Uncle Xat.\\n(3) The quarrel iu the li^htliouse. Act III.\\n(\u00e2\u0080\u00a22) TTnele Xat and Helen. Xow, now, that\\nain t right. Act 1\\n(4) Uncle Xat in la it act.", "height": "3280", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "nDa6F^ or riDirror, or tbc IDiflcrcncc Between\\nBrtificialit^ anb Deritisin on tbe Stage*\\nI.\\nThe theatre of recent yeai s has l)een a mask rather tlian a\\nmirror; that is to say, it has been afflicted with the gangrene\\nof artificiality. At intervals some individnal of transcen-\\ndent genius has aroused the deeper feelings of the auditors by\\nthe magic of his power; but for the most part tlie grave or\\ngay emotions liave vanished from the brain of the listener\\nbefore the theatre door has been reached. In other words,\\nonly the surface has been ruffled; the almost unfathomal)le\\ndepths of the soul have not been stirred. The pictures and\\nvoicings have lacked the true ring of life s verities in any-\\nthing like a full or vital way. They have borne to the real\\nmuch the relationship of the speaking doll to the aspiration-\\nillumined soul; and this is one of the chief reasons why the\\ntheatre has failed to wield a more decisive influence upon\\npublic opinion. Only that which is true, only that which is\\nreal, or, if ideal, is in perfect alignment with the eternal\\nverities as found in life, can produce a lasting impression on\\nthe deeper emotions of humanity.\\nIt is only fair to observe, however, that the drama has not\\nbeen the only sufferer from artificiality. Literature, religion\\nand art have come under the same baleful influence. The in-\\ntellectual era which dawned during that period of marvellous\\nmental activity and growth we call the Renaissance, owed\\nas much to the shattering of ecclesiasticism and tradition-\\nalism which had long enslaved the brain of western Europe,\\nas it did to the broader thoughts derived from Grecian art\\nand literature unfolded after the siege of Constantinople.\\nThe new life and wealth of thought, imagination and\\nexpression, which characterized the rise of Romanticism, led\\nby Victor Hugo in the present century, and which enriched", "height": "3275", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "28 persons, places an^ Hbeas.\\nin such a marked degree the literature of France, was\\nvaluable and vital in so far as it was a protest against the\\nbondage of ancient thought and hoary traditionalism which\\nproduced successive generations of imitators, and which\\nprescribed arbitary rules as ultimates in art.\\nThe power of the work of our modern school of veritists\\nor realists lies in its fidelity to life as it is and though I do\\nnot think that Ibsen, Tolstoi, Howells, or (larland have\\nascended the mountain quite far enough to sweep the whole\\nhorizon, they are doing magnificent work, and work which\\nis vital because it is true.*\\nThat wliich fails to comprehend the eternal verities which\\nmake for civilization will fail to elevate or in any large way\\nennoble humanity it matters not whether it be in the\\ndrama, in popular education, in art, in literature or in religion.\\nThat which is artificial, or if true is still encased in the\\nmummy clothes of traditionalism, will fail to touch the well-\\nsprings of life.\\nPerhaps nowhere has the artihciality bred of imitation\\nbeen more pronounced than in the drama. The free lance\\niii theolog}-, in literature, and art has ever had a far easier\\npath to tread than the dramatists who disregarded the hard\\nand fast traditionalism of the stage. The great expense\\nincident to staging a play properly; the timidity of managers,\\nwho are, as a rule, wedded to conservatism; the critics, whose\\neducation has been entirely along the lines of the past, and\\nwho, as a ride, are very jealous for the old traditions; and\\nlastly a public sentiment, which, when discriminating, is\\nusually prejudiced in the direction of conventionalism, render\\nA friend of mine who heard a gifted lady read Ibsen s Brand some time since,\\nwhen the reading was ttnished, said: 1 felt like crying out, Stop! The iiiece pierced\\nmy very soul. It was so ])ainfully terrible. Why? Because Il)sen s characters are not\\npuppets, and the music of real human woe rang throuL;h this master imciu.\\nI saw, some time ago, a letter calleil forth from a thniii:htlul iitisdii who had read\\nMr. Garland s Prairie Heroine in Thk Arena. This iicutlcmaii said I read this\\nsketch more than a week a 1:0, and ha\\\\ lice 11 iiiix ialilr f\\\\cr iiii knew such things\\nexisted, but I never it uir.nil h,i,,r, r Ihal is cxaiih what true work does.\\nIt compels the readn to tr.l a- well a- to a.-.cpt in an intrlliMtiia 1 \\\\\\\\a\\\\ Now when our\\nveritists appreciate that tlnMv i- sometliin- iiecHul lic\\\\ oud a statem ent ot bald facts,\\nwe sliall liave the real witli allits \\\\i\\\\i.l |h ,w cr, icinloiced and Mtalizeil bv realistic or\\ntruthlnl idealism. The time has |.assed when the bniMer is satistied to lav the brick\\nanil mortar without holding the imaue ..t the splendid structure m his brain, as is seen\\nby the hungry way in which the artisans gaze un the architect s jilate of the tinished\\nedifice. So the hiunan soul to-day is not content with the truth as it is the vivid por-\\ntrayal of the truth as it shall be must be given. This contains an inspiration no less\\nmarked than the power of mere portrayal of facts in a vivid way. The man is more\\nthan matter; beyond the flesh am. blood whieli remniii when ilcatli suiierveiips, we\\nhave that something illusive Imt \\\\eiv leal. which thinks. a-|iiiv^. hoi.e^ and loves;\\ntrue ideality bears much the -amc rciruion to realism that the inain oi- iioo to the\\nl)ody. The trouble with the iiast has been that either the idealism -iven was false, or\\nwas so divorced from its proper relation to the real as to act as an anaesthetic on the\\npeople, and from this pseudo-idealism, religion, literature and the drama suffered.", "height": "3280", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "f\\\\Ms\\\\\\\\ or /iDirror. 29\\nit well-nigh impossible to present a dramatic work which is\\nstrongly unconventional. It is therefore far more than a\\npersonal triumph when a dramatist succeeds in spite of these\\nobstacles. Especially is this the case when the produc-\\ntion is artistic throughout; Avhen it is free from all taint of\\nsensualism, or of all suggestions of an unhealth}^ character;\\nwhen the coarseness of the variety stage and the high sound-\\ning mock heroics for which the galleries are supposed to\\nyearn, are alike absent; and finally, when the subtle atmos-\\nphere of the play is so charged with truth that, consciously\\nor unconsciously, every auditor receives a moral uplift when\\nwitnessing the drama. We are only beginning to study\\npsychology in a scientific way, while for most investigators\\nthe psychic realm is as yet an undiscovered countr3^ Still\\nwe are learning day by day to appreciate more and more the\\nsubtle power of thought, and to understand that the sub-con-\\nscious mind often takes cognizance of the soul of that with\\nwhich we come in contact when this vital essence entirely\\nescapes our more blunted conscious perceptions. We are\\nbeginning to learn that every book, every sermon, every\\ndrama, indeed every thought, which comes before our brain\\nin any real or vital way, elevates or lowers our moral being.\\n^Nlany conventional dramas, in Avhich virtue is rewarded and\\nvice punished, and which abound in high-sounding moral\\nplatitudes, are distinctly immoral in their atmosphere; for\\nAvhen not artificial and untrue, they are vicious in situation\\nor suggestion.\\nII.\\nA play reflecting nature in a real and wholesome manner\\nwas enacted during the most of the past winter. I refer\\nto Mr. James A. Heme s New England comedy-drama,\\nShore Acres, which recently won such a signal success in\\nBoston. The cordial reception given this play calls for more\\nthan a passing notice, because its successful presentation was\\na victory of far-reaehing significance for the drama. It\\ndemonstrated the falsity of certain claims which have long\\nfettered dramatic progress and prevented the stage from\\nwielding a decisively educational influence which might\\nliave been exerted, liad the drama been loyal to truth rather\\nthan the slave of traditionalism.\\nShore Acres was placed upon the stage of the Boston", "height": "3275", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "30 persons, places au^ UDeas.\\nMuseum the middle of last February, and scored an instan-\\ntaneous and unqualitied success. Its popularity, however,\\nsteadily grew as tlie season advanced. From the iniddle\\nof February to the end of the dramatic season it was\\nenacted before full houses. For months, immense audiences\\nlaughed and wept over this truthful reflection of humble\\nNew England life, with its hopes and fears, its aspirations and\\nprejudices, its love and jealousies, its sunny surface joy and\\nits deep, flowing content. For one hundred and thirteen\\nperformances the old historic theatre was thronged by the\\nmost thouglitful and sincere people of Boston and what\\nwas peculiarly significant, the closing performances, enacted\\nthe last week in May, when actoi s usually play to empty\\nbenches, were given before crowded houses.\\nHad the play been simply a clever conventional drama,\\nthe success would merely have been a marked tribute to the\\ngenius and ability of Mr. Heme, in his double role of dram-\\natist and actor but tlie far wider signiflcance of the triumph\\nwill be readily appreciated when we remember that Shore\\nAcres is a radically unconventional drama, which boldly\\nignores many of the most cherished traditions of the con-\\nventional stage, and radiates an atmosphere charged with\\ntruth and rendered luminous, not by the fire-fly glow of\\nempty words, but by the divine radiance of noble deeds shin-\\ning through simple, humble lives and, moreover, it is a\\n}\u00c2\u00bblay without a plot or a villain, dealing entirely with the\\nlowly ones of earth merely a section, as it were, taken\\nfrom the every-day life of some poor farmers and fisheimen\\nliving on the coast of Maine.\\nIt has been claimed that no play wliich dealt with\\nhumble life, which ignored plot and excluded the vulgarities\\nof the variety stage and the cheap jokes and claptrap of\\nthe minstrel and melodrama could succeed. The success of\\nShore Acres completely refutes this calumny against a\\ntheatre-going public; while those who have persistently\\nasserted that in order to satisfy public taste, plotless and\\nvillainless dramas which make no illegitimate bids for the\\napplause of the gallery, must be relieved by gorgeous stage\\nsetting and fashionable dressing in which rich gowns cut\\nperilously low in front, and ridiculously long behind, make\\nup for what is wanting in other artificial features, have been\\nshoAvn that bevond tlie tricks of conventionalism, beyond the", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "/IDasU or /IDirrov. 3i\\ndevices of artificiality, rises aut, wliicli, when true, appeals to\\nsomething deeper and finer than the surface whims of human-\\nity, and which, even when she concerns herself Avith the\\nhumblest life, provided she is true in her delineations, proves\\nab.sorl)ingiy fascinating to all tliose in whom the curreut of\\nhuman emotions Hows in the dee^) uature-ordained channels,\\ninstead of over the shallow crust of conventionality.\\nIt was not to be expected that Shore Acres would please\\nthe froth or the dregs of society, for the denizens of these\\nstrata, through education, environment and the atmosphere of\\nlife, become unnatural; tliey live behind a mask, and to them\\nthe mask is more engaging thau the mirror. The erotic\\natmosphere of a fashionable society drama, lieavy Avith arti-\\nficial perfumes and shadowing forth luxurious ease, intrigue,\\nand the fever of a superficial existence; representing puppets\\nof passion, connoisseurs of wines; and ornamented by inane\\nscions of foreigu aristocracies, best satisfies the butterflies of\\nfashion while plays dealing with plot and passion, in\\nwhich villains are invincible uutil the final act is i-eached,\\nand where the young are nightly shown how safes are blown\\nopen by professional burglars, and various other crimes are\\ncomnntted with ease and dexterity, appeal to another class\\nwhose point of view renders life s true visage as unreal as it\\nis to the flippant children of fashion s careless world. To\\ntlie dwellers in l)oth of these social strata Shore Acres\\nfailed to ap})eal while from the earnest,f eeling multitude who\\never recognize the voice of truth whenever spoken, and who\\nappreciate true art because their souls are sufficiently near\\nthe pulsating breast of nature to recognize tlie face of trutii,\\nit found a ready welcome.\\nI have known numbers of persons, artists, physicians and\\nscholars, Avlio attended this play from six to eight times,\\nexperiencing the keenest pleasure at each performance; such\\nis the virility of truth that one does not tire when looking\\ninto her face.\\nShore Acres opens in an idyllic manner.* It is liaying\\ntime in JNIaine the flowers are blooming around tlie old\\nThe realistic atmosphere of the play is indicated liy an incident wliich occurred\\none niii ht when I was witncssiu). the iierfdrnuince. Uchind nii s;it a lady and ticntle-\\nman wlio appeared to lie liicatly inriTcstccl in tlic ]irodnc-ticin ilic -i-iii Iciiian, however,\\nlect any I .erry lit;hth( use almiy: that shore. I o rach of them, as apjiarentlv to the\\nvast audience, it was hisrory rather thau tiction whicli was being unfolded ^Many\\nillustrations of a similar character might be cited to emphasize the peculiar influence\\nwhich this play exerted iu taking hold of the real self of the auditor.", "height": "3275", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "32 persons, places auD 1[^ea5.\\nhomestead of the eny brothers, and in the distance we see\\nthe ocean, and the deep blue sky flecked with clouds. At\\nsome distance, on a reef which juts into the ocean, stands the\\nlighthouse, which is later the scene of a terrible struggle\\nbetween the brothers. In this first act the children making\\ntheir mud pies are deliciously natural, as is also Uncle Nat\\nwhen he gives them a wheelbarrow ride. Here we also see\\nthe land boomer enter this idyllic garden, and poison the\\nmind of the owner of the farm by filling it with wild dreams\\nof wealth to be acquired Avithout the earning. We note the\\ncurse of American life^ speculation with its seductive\\nallurements, fastening itself upon Martin Berry, and hence-\\nforth his peace of mind is gone. The scene between the\\nlovers in this act is also very charming, and seldom lias any-\\nthing appeared before the footlights so true to life as the\\nlittle pleasantry indulged in by old Joel Gates and the hired\\nmen from the hayfield. It is a glint of sunshine before a\\nshadow which is to follow. This banter and sport, though\\ngrim and savage, is one of those natural outgushings of farm\\nlife which relieve the monotony of existence. The great\\nscene of this act is reached after the hands enter the house\\nfor dinner, and Martin, the younger brother, informs Uncle\\nNat of his wish to cut up the farm for town lots, because he\\nis sure a boom is coming. Here it is that we begin to see\\nthe tremendous strength of Mr. Heme as an actor. There is\\nnothing loud, nothing boisterous, about the words and actions\\nof Uncle Nat. On the contrary, everything is exactly the\\nreverse but his wonderful recital of their father s drown-\\ning, of their mother s year of waiting, of her death, and the\\ngrave out yander on the knoll, reveals consummate art,\\nand the reserve power wliich fascinates the auditor and wins\\nevery true heart. But even here Mr. Heme does not reach\\nthe climax of his portrayal it is not until Martin Berry dis-\\nappears within the house, and Uncle Nat stands silently\\ntwisting a cord, that one realizes how much, to use a paradox,\\na real artist may say when he is silent. During these mo-\\nments Uncle Nat s face is a study for a psychologist; while\\nthe emotions depicted call for no words, but tug at the heart-\\nstrings of strong-framed men no less than sympathetic\\nwomen.\\nThe second scene represents the interior of the house, and\\nthe moving panorama is deliglitfully natural; but it is not", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "/niasl? or /IDirror. 33\\nuntil we reach the closing passages of this act that comedy\\ngives place to the full play of the strongest emotions known\\nto the human heart. As in life the gay and grave tread\\ncontinually upon each other s heels, so in tliis drama we\\nlaugh and cry in almost the same breath. There is a wonder-\\nful mental study in the final scene of the second act, when\\nUncle Nat, with unconscious skill, impresses his thoughts and\\nwishes on the tense brain of his niece, urging in a manner so\\nnatural that the art conceals the art, for all save psycholo-\\ngists who have made unconscious hypnotic suggestion a\\nstudy, and thus are enabled; to appreciate the scientific accu-\\nracy of Mr. Heme s work in this remarkable portrayal.\\nThe third scene takes place in the lighthouse, and at the\\nclose, through realistic stage effect, gives a vivid picture of\\nan ocean in a storm. This scene has been criticised by some\\nwho imagine tliat simplicity excludes intensity, and who,\\nbecause the ocean is usually calm, would deny the legitimacy\\nof introducing the savage awfulness of the tempest without\\nand within. The scene in the lighthouse is as true as any\\nwhich precede or follow it. It pictures a supreme and terri-\\nble moment in life, and we catch a vivid glimpse of the incar-\\nnate god grap[)ling with the aroused savagery of the animal\\nunselfish love battling with a nature rendered insanely\\nblind through passion a scene which tyjjifies the striujijle\\nof the ar/es. The student of present-day events sees in it\\na miniature representation of the conflict now raging, upon\\nwhose issue Jiangs the civilization of the morrow. That no\\nsuch idea as this entered the brain of the dramatist, is highly\\nprobable; for a genius continually reflects colossal thought\\nupon his canvas, and deals with types without knowing the\\ndeeper significance of his own creation. There is nothing\\nin this great act which is untrue or overdrawn. It is the\\nembodiment of high art; and representing, as it does, the\\nemotional climax in the drama, it is not only perfectly legiti-\\nmate, but without some such strong exhibition of human\\nemotion the play would have been artistically incomplete.\\nGreat, however, as are the preceding scenes, for me, the\\ncharm of the closing act eclipses all which has preceded it\\nfor here the saint always visible in Uncle Nat shines out so\\nimpressively that each auditor catches a glimpse of that love\\nwhich some day Avill redeem the world. Then, too, in this\\nlast scene the artist s touch is everywhere visil)le.", "height": "3275", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "34 persons, places an^ 1I^cas.\\nIt is Christmas Eve, the children are undressed, and the\\nstockings are hung up. Bob is not the only boy who has\\nwished to hang up his trousers instead of his stocking,\\nunder tlie vain delusion that quantity measures the pleasure\\nof life and Millie is not the first girl who has wished she\\nwore pants. The radiant eyes, the innocent prattle of the\\nexpectant children; Millie s indignation at her older brother s\\nscepticism in regard to the existence of Santa Claus tlie\\nsombre shadow cast by the sober, silent, and almost broken-\\nliearted ]\\\\Iartin; the absorption of little Nat and his mother\\nin the exciting novel then the home-coming of the loved\\nones, the reconciliation and the saving of the farm, the\\nentrance of Joel Gates, and pathetic picture of little Mandy\\nall these and other scenes in this quickl}^ moving pano-\\nrama reveal behind the i^lay a great artist and a true man.\\nIt is not, however, until one by one the actors retire, leaving\\nUncle Nat alone in the great farm kitchen, that one fully\\nappreciates the courage of Mr. Heme, in throwing to the\\nwinds the traditions of the stage. Here, for ten minutes\\nbefore the curtain drops, not a word is spoken. Uncle Nat\\nis alone. He seats himself, and the auditors, in rapt atten-\\ntion, follow the train of thouglit, as his face reflects emotions\\nwhich swell in his soul. The smile of the dear old face is\\nsomething never to be forgotten. During these moments\\nthe audience becomes thorouglily fascinated by the wonder-\\nful play of human emotions and when at length he rises,\\nthe spectators, as one person, regard him with breathless\\ninterest, as he locks the doors, removes the teapot, places the\\nkettle on the back of the stove, raises the lid, and with candle\\nin hand ascends the old stairway as the clock strikes the\\nmidnight liour.\\nThis was the first dramatic performance I remember\\nwitnessing, in which the closing minutes of the play were\\nnot marred by vexatious noises incident to the departure of\\nauditors; but during the four times I saw Shore Acres\\nperformed, the audience seemed rapt until Uncle Nat dis-\\nappeared. It w^as one of the most remarkable illustrations\\nof the unconscious tribute paid by the people to the genius\\nof the artist and his hdelity to truth that I have ever seen,\\nand to students of psychology it was an interesting and valu-\\nal)le study.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "^nftask or /JDirror. 35\\nIII.\\nAnd now a woixl in regard to the great creation of Uncle\\nNathaniel. It has been urged by some zealous defenders of\\nrealism, that in this masterpiece Mr. Heme has gone beyond\\nthe limits of realism and if by this the critics mean that he\\nhas idealized to a certain degree the grand old man Avhose\\nevery smile reflects the divine ego which crouches, cowers or\\nrules in the brain of every human being, the observation is\\njust; but if, on the other hand, Ave are to infer that the\\ndramatist and artist has exceeded the bounds of the legit-\\nimate by creating an impossible man, or a life impossible\\nin that station and with that environment, or that the\\ncharacter is not in perfect alignment with the real, the\\nstricture is untrue. There is no character in Shore Acres\\ntruer to life than this noble-hearted old New England light-\\nkeeper, hut he is colossal. I remember admiring the physical\\nperfection of the late Phillips Brooks some ten years ago.\\nHe then seemed an almost perfect type of well-developed\\nmanhood, so far as his bodily form was concerned; but stand-\\ning by an ordinary man his great proportions were at once\\nnoticeable. Now this is precisely what we find in the\\nethical portrayal in Uncle Nat. He is veiy real, perfectly\\nnatural, profoundly true; but he is colossal, revealing most\\nvividly the possible saint in every ma)i.\\nThe popular or conventional pseudo-idealism of the past\\nhas been essentially immoral because it has been untrue,\\nstrained and unnatural; or when possible it has been so\\ndivorced from the real as to carry little vital truth to tlie\\nbrain of those to whom it has appealed. Realistic idealism,\\nwhen hand in hand with veritism, gives to life a moral up-\\nlift, subtle and illusive in character, but most potential for\\nlasting good. It is the soul of progress the inspiration of\\nnoble endeavor the touch which floods the })resent Avitli\\nlight, and reveals the next upward step.\\nRealism is vitally important she depicts life as it is to-\\nday; she is true, impartial, and mercilessly candid. But vital\\nidealism complements realism; standing by her side, she radi-\\nates a light which is charged with vitality because it is\\ndivine she is profoundl} real and true her every act and\\ndeed reflects more of the real soul than we have been accus-\\ntomed to see if her face is luminous it is because the saint.", "height": "3275", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "3P. persons, places anD 1I eas.\\npossible in eveiy one, is here triumpliant. The relation\\nbetween realism and vital idealism in the utilitarian economy\\nmay be compared to two influences acting upon the inmates\\nof a building which is on fire. Realism sounds the alarm,\\nshe describes the true condition; while idealism leads the\\nawakened victims from a death-trap to a place of safety.\\nI repeat, that in Uncle Nat we see exemplified the possible\\nsaint in every life; he is the e7nbodiment of Imman love.\\nThe affection for the old home, owing to its associations the\\ntenderness shown for the memory of father and mother the\\nlove for his younger brother, which led him to make the\\nsupreme sacrifice of life, that his brother might be happy\\nthe wealth of affection for the children, which is in essence\\nparental love, and the broad, tolerant spirit evinced toward\\nthe socially ostracized young doctor these are all phases of\\nthe one supreme passion which illumines without dazzling,\\nwhich warms but never scorches. In the degree in which\\nthis full-orbed love is revealed, we gauge man s progress from\\nthe animal to the divine. In Uncle Nathaniel, from his first\\nentrance to the drop of the curtain, there is nothing strained\\nor unnatural. Every act, ever} utterance, is true to the finer\\nimpulses of life; and every manifestation of the trium})h of\\nlove over selfishness has found its counterpart in millions\\nof lives. Not that all these manifestations are usually seen\\nin a single individual, for, as I have observed, this creation\\nis colossal but it is also true, and being true, it carries\\nwith it a vital and uplifting inspiration.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3275", "width": "2092", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "-K\\ni.\\n1 V*\\n^i*l\\n^k^\\nv^^^^^^^H^^\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0Mb^ ^^^^Mj^^B\\nH\\nL\\nfl\\n^1\\nI \u00e2\u0096\u00a0J\\nHhH^H\\n^^HIHHil\\n^x^^\\na\\nrfc^^^.-^ 9, GZ^^A^", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "a poet of tbe people.\\nIx this chapter I wish to give a brief outline of the life\\nand work of tlie poet, composer, and singer, James G. Clark,\\nwhose line lyrical and reformative verses have been an inspii-a-\\ntion to thousands of lives.\\nMr. Clark was born in Constantia, X. Y., in 1S30. His\\nfather was a man of intiuenee in his community, being recognized\\nas intelligent and honorable, and possessing that cool, dispassion-\\nate juilgment Avhich always commands resi)ect. The mother gave\\nto her son his poetical gift and his intense love for humanity,\\nhis all-absorbing devotion to justice and liberty, and a nature at\\nonce refined yet brave. When but three years old, the little\\npoet. had learned from his mother The Star of Bethlehem,\\nsung to the air of Bonny Doon, and could sing~the entire piece\\nwithout mis!*ing a word or note. When twenty-one years of ?ge\\nhe was well known in his community as a concert singer of rare\\nability. At this time Mr. Clark attracted the attention of Mr.\\nOssian E. Dodge, who, in addition to publishing a literary jour-\\nnal in Boston, had under his management the most popular con-\\ncert quartette in New England. Mr. Dodge was a man of cpiick\\nperception he readily saw that the young poet and singer would\\nprove a valuable acquisition to his already famous troupe, and\\npromptly appointed him musical composer for his company.\\nInto this work ^Ii-. Clark threw all the enthusiasm of youth, com-\\nposing such universally popular songs as The Old Mountain\\nTree, The Rover s Grave, Meet Me l)y the Running Brook,\\nand The Rock of Liberty. The Old Mountain Tree was\\nfor some time a reigning favorite through the land, it being sung\\nfor months in theatres and concerts. At the Boston Museum,\\nthen the leading theatre of Boston, it was no unusual thing for\\nit to be called for as many as three times in a single evening.\\nOne day during this period of popularity, his mother, who was a\\nvery religious woman, said to him, James, why cannot you\\nwrite a hymn He loved his mother devotedly. There Avas\\nbetween them more than the strong ties of mother and son. She\\nhad fostered and encouraged his every poetical and musical aspi-\\nration, and it Avas his most earnest desii-e to gratify her vrhh but\\n37", "height": "3275", "width": "2067", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "38 persons, places au iF^eas.\\ntliouo lit aloDg this line came slowly, and almost a year elapsed\\nbefore the yoinig man placed a pencilled copy of his hymn,\\nThe Evergreen Mountains of Life, in his mother s hand. tShe\\nread it through silentl} too much overcome to speak, while great\\ntears coursed down her wrinkled cheeks. At this period he\\ncomposed several songs and hymns which have been univer-\\nsally popular, such as Where the Roses Never Wither,\\nThe Beautiful Hills, and The Isles of the By and By. Of\\nthese poems Dr. A. P. Miller of San Fi-ancisco, himself a poet\\nof more than ordinary power and an admiralJe critic, writes\\nThese songs have for thirty years been received by all classes\\nas forming a group of original and perfect lyrics adapted to every\\nplatform and hall, whether sacred or secular. To say this,\\ncontinues Dr. Miller, detracts nothing from his songs of love\\nand freedom. It is only saying that they are the St. Elias, the\\nTacoma, the Hood, and the Shasta, which out-tower all other\\nsong peaks and reach those heights where the sunshine is eternal\\nand the view universal.\\nIt may be well to note at this time the singular fact that in his\\npoetical life ]Mr. Clark has apjieared in three distinct roles, although\\nhe has always liecn the i)oet of the peoj)le. During his youth\\nand early manhood the popular lyric and ballad claimed his\\npower. It was the work of this period which won for him the\\nname of the Tom Moore of America and had he not taken the\\nother upward steps, the appellation would not have been so pal-\\npably inadequate to descril)e the man who for thirty years has\\nbeen the poet of reform and the prophet of the new day. When\\nthe sixties dawned, the first song epoch of his life was drawing\\nto a close, and the mutterings of tiie I{el)ellion were op]\u00c2\u00bbressing\\nage and stimulating j-outli throughout the North. Mr. Clark\\nhad given his country a collection of songs and ballads destined\\nto live long after his body had returned to dust, and he had sung\\nhis melody into the hearts of thousands who had listened to the\\npoet composer and singer with that rapt attention which is the\\ntribute of manhood and womanhood to genuine merit. The\\nclouds of rel:)ellion Avere gathering around the horizon but eie\\nthe shock of arms thrilled the nation, Mr. Clark was summoned\\nto the death bed of his mother. Sitting at her side as the spirit\\nwas poising for flight, and catching inspiration from her words,\\nthere came to him that exceedingly popular and touching poem,\\nLeona, which was first published in the Home Journal of\\nNew York, then edited by George JVtorris and N. P. Willis.\\nThis poem, Mr. Morris afterwards declared, had been more\\nwidely copied, admired, and committed to memory than any other\\ncomposition of its class ever published in America. As Leona\\naffords an admirable illustration of Mr. Clark s work at this time,", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "B poet of tbe people. 39\\nand because it belongs to a class of ]ioems always treasured by\\nthe people, I will give several stanzas.*\\nLeona, the hour draws nigh\\nThe hour we ve awaited so hmg,\\nFor the augel to open a door through the sky,\\nThat my spirit may break through its prison and trj\\nIts voice in an infinite song.\\nJust now, as the slumbers of night\\nCame o er me witli peace-giving breath,\\nTlie curtain, half lifted, revealed to my sight\\nThose windows which look on the kingdom of light\\nThat borders the River of Death.\\nAnd a vision fell solemn and sweet.\\nBringing gleams of a morning-lit land;\\nI saw the white shore which tlie pale waters beat,\\nAnd 1 heard the low lull as they broke at their feet\\nWho walk on the beautiful strand.\\nAnd I wondered why spirits should cling\\nTo their clay with a struggle and sigh.\\nWhen life s purple autumn is better than sjiring,\\nAnd the soul tlies away like a sparrow, to sing\\nIn a climate where leaves never die.\\nLeona, come close to my bed.\\nAnd lay your dear hand on my brow\\nThe same touch thrilled me in days that are tied,\\nAnd raised the lost roses of youth from the dead,\\nCan brighten tlie brief moments now.\\nWe have loved from the cold world apart\\nAnd your trust was too generous and true\\nFor their hate to o erthrow; when the slanderer s dart\\nWas rankling deep in my desolate heart,\\nI was dearer than ever to you.\\nI thank the Great Father for this.\\nThat our love is not lavished in vain;\\nEach germ, in the future, will blossom to bliss.\\nAnd the forms that we love, and the lips that we kiss,\\nNever shrink at the shadow of pain.\\nBy the light of this faith am I taught\\nThat death is but action begun;\\nIn the strength of this hope I have struggled and fought\\nWith the legions of wrong, till my armor has caught\\nThe gleam of Eternity s sun.\\nLeona, look forth and behold\\nFrom headland, from hillside, and deep.\\nThe day king surrenders his banners of gold;\\nThe twilight advances thnnigh woodland and wold,\\nAnd the dews are beginning to weep.\\nThe selection from Leona, Fremont s IJattle Hynm, and The Voice of the\\nPeople, as well as the poems Minnie .Mintnrn and The Intinite :Mather, are from\\nMr. Clark s volume Poetry and Song. Published by D. Lothrop Co., Boston, Mass.", "height": "3275", "width": "2067", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "40 persons, places anC lIDeas.\\nThe moon s silver hair lies uncurled,\\nDown the broad-bi easted mountains away;\\nEre sunset s red glories again shall be furled\\nOn the walls of the west, o er the plains of the world,\\nI shall rise in a limitless day.\\nOh, come not in tears to my tomb,\\nXor plant with frail flowers the sod;\\nThere is rest among roses too sweet for its gloom,\\nAnd life where the lilies eternally bloom,\\nIn the balm-breathing gardens of God.\\nII.\\nThe divine afflatus whieli fills the poet brain, and weaves itself\\ninto Avords which thrill and move the [irofound depths of human\\nemotions, was next manifested in Mr. Clark s soul-awakening\\nsongs of freedom. The sweet ballads and lyrics of love and\\nhome disappeared before stern Duty s voice. While W hittiei-,\\nLongfellow and Lowell were firing the heart of New England,\\n]Mr. Clark sent forth Fremont s Battle Hymn, one of the most\\nnoteworthy poems of war-times, and a song which produced great\\nenthusiasm Avherever sung. Some idea of the influence wdiich\\nthese stirring lines produced on an already awakened conscience\\nmay be imagined by perusal of the following lines:\\nOh, spirits of Washington, Warren, and Wayne!\\nOh, shades of the heroes and patriots slain!\\nCome down from your mountains of emerald and gold,\\nAnd smile on the banner ye cherished of old;\\nDescend in your glorified ranks to the strife,\\nLike legions sent forth from the armies of life;\\nLet us feel your deep presence as waves feel the breeze\\nWhen white fleets like snowfiakes are di-owned in the seas.\\nAs the red lightnings run on the black, jagged cloud,\\nEre the thunder-king speaks from his wind-woven shroud,\\nSo gleams the bright steel along valley and shore.\\nEre the conflict shall startle the land with its roar;\\nAs the veil which conceals the clear starlight is riven\\nWlien clouds strike together, by warring winds driven,\\nSo the blood of the race must be oltVrcd like rain,\\nEre the stars of our country are ransomed again.\\nThe hounds of Oppression were howling the knell\\nOf martyrs and prophets at gibbet and cell.\\nWhile Mercy despaired of the blossoming years\\nWhen her harpstrings no more shall be rusted with tears;\\nBut God never ceases to strike for the right.\\nAnd the ring of his anvil came down through the night.\\nThough the world was asleep and the Nation seemed dead.\\nAnd Truth into bondage by Error was led.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "H po^t ot tbe people. 41\\nWill the bannei S of morn at your bidding be furled,\\nWhen the day-king arises to quicken the world\\nCan ye cool tlie fierce fires of his heat-throbbing breast,\\nOr turn him aside from his goal in the west?\\nAh! sons of the plains where the orange tree blooms,\\nYe may come to our pine-covered mountains for tombs,\\nBut the light ye would smother was kindled by One\\nWho gave to the universe planet and sun.\\nThere is present in this poem much of the fire of the old\\nprophets of Israel, hlended with that lofty faith in the power and\\nfavor of God which gave peculiar force to iiiaiiy of the most\\nstriking of Whittier s anti-slavery verses.\\nDuring the early days of the war the poet travelled from towai\\nto town, singing the spirit of freedom into the hearts of the\\npeople, and arousing to action scores and hundreds of persons in\\nevery community visited, who had heretofore taken little interest\\nin the pending struggle. In this way he raised many thousands\\nof dollars for the Sanitary Commission and Soldiers Aid societies.\\nIn addition to P^remont s Battle Hymn, this period called from\\nhis pen a number of war songs and poems, such as Let Me Die\\nwnth My Face to the Foe, When You and I Were Soldier\\nBoys, The Children of the Battle-field, and Minnie Minturn.\\nThe history of this last-mentioned jioem is peculiarly interesting,\\naiid i-eveals the fact that at times coming events have been\\nflashed with singular vividness on the sensitive mind of our poet.\\nThe pathetic facts connected with the poem are as follows Mr.\\nClark w^as visiting a family by the name of Minturn. In the\\nhome circle w^as a young lady named ]\\\\[aria, who had a lover in\\nthe army. One day Mr. Clark said, If your name were Minnie,\\nit Avoulil make a musical combination for a poem. Tlie young\\nlady blushed and replied that her friends often called her Minnie,\\nand doubtless at this moment her thoughts went out to the soldier\\nboy for whom she daily prayed. Some months passed, wdien one\\nnight, while the poet was riding in a sleeping-car, the words of the\\nballad Minnie Minturn forced themselves upon his brain, so\\nhaunting his mind that he could get no sleep until he had trans-\\nferred them to paper. This w^as done by drawing aside the\\ncurtain of his berth, and w^riting in the faint glimmer of the lamps,\\nwdiich had been turned low for the night. It is probable that the\\npoet did not dream, as he pencilled the following lines, that he\\nwas writing a prophecy wdiich a year later was to become his-\\ntory. Yet such was in fact the case.\\nMinnie Minturn, in the shadow\\nI have waited here alone,\\nOn the battle s gory meadow.\\nWhich the scythe of death has mown,\\nI have listened for your coming,\\nTill the dreary dawn of day,", "height": "3275", "width": "2067", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "42 persons, places auD H^eas.\\nBut I only liear the drumming,\\nAs the armies march away.\\nMinnie, dear Minnie,\\n1 have heard tlie angel s warning,\\nI have seen the golden shore;\\nI will meet you in the morning\\nAVhere the shadows come no more\\nIII.\\nWe come now to the third epoch in the history of Mr. Chirk s\\npoetry. The war wan over. His thoughts turned to the toiling\\nmillions of our land, for from early manhood his heart had\\never kept rhythmic |)ace with the hopes, aspirations, and sorrows\\nof the masses. Now, however, t!ie ballad singer who in the\\nnation s crisis became the poet reformer, becomes the prophet\\npoet of the dawning day. And with advancing years came added\\npower; for it is a notable fact that with the silver of age has come\\na depth of thought, coupled with strength and finish in style not\\nfound in his earlier Avork. Take, for example, the following\\nstanzas from A Vision of the Old and New.\\nTwas in the slumber of the night\\nThat solemn time, that mystic state\\nWhen, fi-om its loftiest signal height,\\nMy soul o erlooked the realm of Fate,\\nAnd read the writing on the wall.\\nThat proplicsies of tilings to be,\\nAnd heard strange voi.-es rise and fall\\nLike murmurs from a distant sea.\\nThe world below me throlibed and rolled\\nIn all its glory, pride, and shame.\\nIts lust for power, its greed for gold.\\nIts flitting lights that man calls fame,\\nAnd from their long and deep repose,\\nIn memory and page sublime,\\nThe ancient races round me rose\\nLike phantoms from the tombs of Time.\\nI saw the Alpine torrents press\\nTo Tiber with their snow-white foam.\\nAnd prowling in the wilderness\\nThe wolf that suckled infant Rome.\\nBut wilder than the mountain flood\\nThat plunged upon its downward way,\\nAnd fiercer than the she-wolf s brood,\\nThe soul of man went forth to slav.\\nKingdoms to quick existence sprang.\\nEach thirsting for another s gore,\\nThe din of wars incessant rang.\\nAnd signs of hate each forehead wore.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "H poet ot tbe people. 43\\nAll nations bore the mark of Cain,\\nAnd only knew tlie law oi might:\\nThey lived and strove for selhsh gain\\nAnd perished like the dreams or night.\\nI woke; and slept, and dreamed once more,\\nAnd from a continent s v^^hite crest,\\nI heard two oceans seethe and roar.\\nAlong vast lands by natnre blest:\\nAll races mingled at my feet.\\nWith noise and strange confusion life,\\nAnd Old World projects incomplete\\nSeemed maddened with a new-found life.\\nThe thirst for human blood had waned;\\nBut boldly seated on the throne.\\nThe grasping god of Mammon reigned.\\nAnd claimed Earth s product for his own.\\nHe gathered all that toilers made,\\nTo till his vaults with wealth untold.\\nThe sunlight, water, air, and shade\\nPaid tribute to his greed for gold.\\nHe humbly paid his vows to God,\\nWhile agents gatliered rents and dues.\\nHe ruled tlie nation witli a nod,\\nAnd bribed the pulpit with the pews;\\nYet, over all the regal form\\nOf Freedom towered, unseen by him.\\nAnd eagles poised above the storm\\nThat draped the far horizon s rim.\\nAt length, the distant thunder spoke\\nIn deep and threatening accents; then\\nThe long roll of the earthquake woke\\nFrom sleep a hundred million men.\\nI woke: and slept and dreamed again:\\nA softened glory tilled the air.\\nThe morning flooded land and main,\\nAnd Pearc w;is lnoodliig everywhere;\\nFrom sea to sea the song was known\\nThat only God s own children know,\\nWhose note^ by angel voices sown.\\nTook root two thousand years ago.\\nNo more the wandering feet had need\\nOf priestly guides to Paradise,\\nAnd banished was the iron creed\\nThat measured God by man s devise;\\nXo more the high cathedral dome\\nWas reared to iell His honors by,\\nFor Christ was throned in every home,\\nAnd shone from every human eye.\\nNo longer did the beast control\\nAnd make the spirit desolate;\\nNo more the poor man s struggling soul\\nSank down before the wheel of Fate:", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "44 persons, places an UDeas.\\nAnd pestilence coukl not draw near,\\nNor war and crime be felt or seen\\nAs flames, that lap the withered spear,\\nExpire before tlie living green.\\nAnd all of tliis shall come to pass\\nFor God is Love, and Love shall reign.\\nThough nations first dissolve like grass\\nBefore tlie lire that sweeps the plain;\\nAnd men shall cease to lift their gaze\\nTo seek Him in the far-oft blue,\\nBut live the Truth their lips now jiraise\\nAnd in their lives His life renew.\\nTiiis poem Avas fminded on a vivid dream wdiieli came to tlie\\npoet and so impressed him that he found no peace until he com-\\nmitted the verses to i)aper. In the following- stanzas from the\\nVoice of the People we also find the clear note of the prophet.\\nISwiug inward, O gates of the future\\nSwing outward, ye doors of the past!\\nFor the soul of the people is moving\\nAnd rising from slumber at last;\\nThe black forms of night are retreating,\\nThe white peaks have signalled the day.\\nAnd Freedom her long roll is beating,\\nAnd calling her sons to the fray.\\nAnd woe to the rule that has plundered\\nAnd trod down the wounded and slain,\\nWhile the wars of the Old Time have thundered.\\nAnd men poured their life-tide in vain;\\nThe day of its triumph is ending.\\nThe evening draws near with its doom.\\nAnd the star of its strength is descending,\\nTo sleep in dishonor and gloom.\\nThe soil tells the same fruitful story.\\nThe seasons their bounties display.\\nAnd the ticnvers lift their faces in glory\\nTo catch the warm kisses of day;\\nWliile our fellows are treated as cattle\\nThat are muzzled when treading the corn.\\nAnd millions sink down in life s battle\\nWith a sigh for the day they were born.\\nAh, woe to the robbers who gather\\nIn fields wliere they never have sown,\\nWho have stolen the jewels from labor\\nAnd builded to Mammon a throne\\nFor the snow-king, asleep by the fountains.\\nShall wake in the summer s hot breath,\\nAnd descend in his rage from the mountains,\\nBearing terror, destruction, and death.\\nFor the Lord of the harvest hath said it.\\nWhose lips never uttered a lie.\\nAnd his prophets and poets have read it\\nIn svmbols of earth and of skv", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "H poet of tbe people. 45\\nThat to him who has revelled iu plunder\\nTill the angel of conscience is dumb,\\nThe shock of the earthquake and thunder\\nAnd tempest and torrent shall come.\\nSwinu inward, O gates of the future!\\nywing outward, ye doors of the past!\\nA giant is waking from slumber\\nAnd rending his fetters at last;\\nFrom the dust where his proud tyrants found him\\nUnhonored and scorned and l)etrayed,\\nHe shall rise with the sunliglit around him,\\nAnd rule iu the realm he has made.\\nThe poet s 103 alty to the toilers is voiced in most of his latest\\npoems and songs. The People s Battle Hymn, ])ublishe(l last\\nautumn, Avas suno; with great effect at the industrial gatheiinu s\\nthroughout the West. Of this song General J. B. Weaver, the\\ncandidate of the People s Party for president in 1S9 2, sai l: It\\nis the song we have been waiting for. It is an Iliad of itself.\\nThe following stanzas from this song will give an idea of the\\nexaltation of thought Avhich, when accompanied by Mr. Clark s\\nsoul-stirring music, arouses an almost indescribable entliusiam\\namong the people whercA-er it is sung\\nThere s a sound of swelling waters, there s a voice from out the blue.\\nWhere the Master his arm is revealing,\\nLo! the glory of the morning liglits the forehead of the New,\\nAnd the towers of the Old Time are reeling.\\nLift high the banner, break from the chain.\\nWake from the thraldom of story;\\nLike the torrent to the river, tlie river to the main,\\nForward to liberty and glory!\\nTliere is tramping in the cities where the people march along,\\nAnd the trumpet of Justice is calling;\\nThere s a crashing of the helmet on the forehead of the Wrong,\\nAnd the battlements of Babylon are falling.\\nHe shall gather in the homeless, he shall set the people free.\\nHe shall walk hand in hand with the toiler,\\nHe shall render back to labor, from the mountains to the sea.\\nThe lands that are bound by the spoiler.\\nThere is doubt within the temples where the gods are bought and sold.\\nThey are leaving the false for the true way;\\nThere s a cry of consternation where the idols made of gold\\nAre melting in the glance of the New Day.\\nO! the Master of the morning, how we waited for his light\\nIn the old days of doubting and fearing!\\nThe People s Battle Hvmn. Words and music by J. G. Clark. I liblislied b.v\\nOliver Uitson Co., Boston, INIass.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "46 persons, places mib 1[C ea3\u00c2\u00bb\\nHow we watched among the shadows of the long and weary night\\nFor his feet upon the mountains appearing.\\nLet tlie lightning tell the story to the sea s remotest bands,\\nLet thecamptires of Freedom be flaming;\\nWhile the voices of the heavens join the chorus of the land,\\nWhich the children of men are proclaiming.\\nIn another recent poem, entitled A Song for tlie Period, we\\ncatch a gUmpse of the deep sympathy ever felt bj tliis poet for\\nthe people. I have only space for two stanzas.\\nI cannot join with the old-time friends\\nIn tlieir merry games and sports\\nWhile the pleading wail of the poor ascends\\nTo the Judge of the Upper Courts;\\nAnd I cannot sing the glad, free songs\\nThat the world around me sings,\\nWhile my fellows move in cringing throngs\\nAt the beck of the gilded kings.\\nThe scales hang low from the open skies,\\nThat have weighed them, one and all,\\nAnd the fiery letters gleam and rise\\nO er the feast in the palace liall;\\nBut my lighter lays shall slumber on\\nThe bouglis of the willow tree\\nTill the king is slain in Babylon,\\nAnd the captive hosts go free.\\nMr. Clark was married early in life to a lady of his native\\nhome. Three childi-cn came to bless this union. One, however,\\nwas recalled by the infinite Father. In memory of this child the\\nstricken father composed a touching little gem entitled Beauti-\\nful Annie.\\nMr. Clark is not only a poet, musical composer, and singer of\\nrare ability, he is a scholarly essayist, and, during recent years, has\\ncontributed many papers of power and literary value to the lead-\\ning dailies of the Pacific coast. A fair specimen of his Avork in\\nthis line will be found in the following criticism on Robert Burns,\\nwhich I take from a recent contribution to one of the most influ-\\nential dailies in Southern California. In speaking of Ilobert\\nBurns, Mr. Clark saj^s\\nTrue, he was not compelled to affect the peculiar di:dect in which\\nwas written his most characteristic and enduring verse, because it was\\nthe dialect in which he was born and reared but, nevertheless, in and\\nthrough it he has made not only all Scotland love him as no other poet\\nis loved to-day, but he won the homage of lovers of humanity, democ-\\nracy and religious freedom wherever the English language is spoken.\\nIt was through his songs and poems, written in the homely Scotch\\ndialect of his times, that the common Scotch people became a nation of\\npoets. It was through Burns, who found poetry in the most common\\nand lowly objects, even the little mouse, whose nest had been", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "B poet of tbe people, 47\\nwrecked by the poet s plow, that the most unk ttcrcd Scotchnian dis-\\ncovered the poetry lying hiteut in his own heart and niiml; uml ata j)eriod\\nwhen poetic art, so called, was claimed as the exclusive inheritance\\nof the self-elected and cultured few, he restored to the uneducated\\npeasant and cotter his lawful birthright.\\nThere is no such thing as estimating the extent to which the better\\nand higher qualities of Scotch character have been quickened, developed,\\nand refined through the lyrics of Robert Burns, more esijecially those\\nlyrics that appeal directly to the hearts and every-day life of his country-\\nmen. This is why the true Scotchman, while admiring Scott, loves aiid\\nworships Burns.\\nThe wealth of poetic imagery, strength and deep penetration\\nAvhich characterizes the recent work of jVIr. Clark is very notice-\\nable in some of his later poems, and reaches altitudes of sublimity\\nin thought rare among modern poets. This characteristic is well\\nillustrated in The Infinite Mother, which I give below. It is\\nconsidered bj- many critics as Mr. Clark s masterpiece.\\nTHE INFINITE MOTHER.\\nI am mother of Life and companion of God!\\nI move in each mote from the suns to the sod,\\nI brood in all darkness, I gleam in all light,\\nI fathom all depth, and I crown every hight;\\nWithin me the globes of the universe roll,\\nAnd through me all matter takes impress and soul.\\nWithout me all forms into fchaos would fall;\\nI was under, within, and around, over all.\\nEre the stars of the morning in harmony sung.\\nOr the systems and suns from their grand arches swung.\\nI loved you, O earth! in those cycles profound,\\nWhen darkness unbroken encircled you round,\\nAnd the fruit of creation, the race of mankin l.\\nWas only a dream in the Infinite Mind\\nI nursed you, O earth! ere your oceans were born,\\nOr your mountains rejoiced in the gladness of morn.\\nWhen naked and helpless you came from the womb.\\nEre the seasons had decked you with verdure and bloom\\nAnd all that appeared of your form or your face\\nWas a bare, lurid Ijall in the vast wilds of space.\\nWhen your bosom was shaken and rent with alarms\\nI calmed and caressed you to sleep in my arms.\\nI sung o er your pillow the song of the spheres\\nTill the hum of its melody softened your fears.\\nAnd the hot flames of passion burned low in your breast\\nAs you lay on my heart like a maiden at rest;\\nWhen fevered, I cooled you with mist and with shower.\\nAnd kissed you with cloudlet and rainbow and flower.\\nTill you woke in the heavens arrayed like a iueen,\\nIn garments of purple, of gold, and of green.\\nFrom fabrics of glory my fingers had spun\\nFor the mother of nations and bride of the sun.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "48 persons, places an ITbeas.\\nThere was love in your face, aud your bosom rose fair,\\nAnd tlie scent of your lilies made fragrant the air,\\nAnd your blush in the glance of your lover was rare\\nAs you waltzed in the light of his warm yellow hair,\\nOr lay in the haze of his tropical noons,\\nOr slept neath the gaze of the passionless moons:\\nAnd I stretched out my arms from the awful unknown,\\nAVhose channels are swept by my rivers alone,\\nAnd held you secure in your young mother days.\\nAnd sung to your offspring their lullaby lays,\\nWhile races and nations came forth from your breast,\\nLived, struggled, and died, and returned to their rest.\\nAll creatures conceived at the Tountain of Caiise\\nAre born of my travail, controlled by my laws\\nI throb in their veins and I breathe in their breath,\\nCombine them for effort, disperse them in death;\\nXo form is too great or minute for my care,\\nNo place so remote but my presence is there.\\nI bend in the grasses that whisjier of spring,\\nI lean o er the spaces to hear the stars sing,\\nI laugh with the infant, I roar with the sea,\\nI roll in the thunder, 1 hum with the bee;\\nFrom the centre of suns to the tlowers of the sod\\nI am shuttle and loom in the purpose of God,\\nThe ladder of action ail spirit must climb\\nTo the clear bights of Love from the lowlands of Time.\\nTis mine to protect you, fair bride of the sun,\\nTill tlie task of the lli ide and the bridegroom is done;\\nTill the roses that crown you shall wither away.\\nAnd the bloom on your beautiful cheek shall decay\\nTill the soft golden locks of your lover turn gray.\\nAnd palsy shall fall on the pulses of Day;\\nTill you cease to give birth to the children of men,\\nAnd your forms are absorlied in my currents again\\nBut your sons and your daughters, uuconcpiered by strife.\\nShall rise on my pinions aud bathe in my life\\nWhile the fierce glowing splendors of suns cease to burn,\\nAnd bright constellations to vapor return,\\nAnd new ones shall rise from the graves of the old.\\nShine, fade, and dissolve like a tale that is told.\\nLike Victor Hugo, Kalph Waldo Emerson, Robert Browning,\\nand, indeed, a large proportion of the most profoundly spiritual\\nnatures of the nineteenth century, ^li-. Clark, while deeply relig-\\nious, is unfettered by creeds and nntrammelied by dogmas. In\\nbold contrast to the narrow-minded religionists who, like the\\nPharisees of Jesus time, worship the letter, Avhich kills, and who\\nare to-day persecuting men for conscience sake, and seeking to\\nunite church and state, Mr. Clark s whole life lias been a protest\\nagainst intolerance, persecution, and bigfotry. Living in a purely\\nspiritual realm, he loves, and that renders it impossible to cher-\\nish the spii-it of bigotry and persecution manifested by the Ameri-", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "H iPoet ot tbe people, 49\\ncan Sabbath Union and other persecuting and unchristian bodies,\\nwhose leaders have never caught a glimpse of the real spirit or\\ncharacter of Jesus. lie is a follower of the great Nazarene in\\nthe truest sense of the word, and thus cannot understand hoAv\\nprofessed Christians can so prostitute religion and ignore their\\nMaster s injunctions as to persecute their fellow-men for opin-\\nion s sake. On this and kindred subjects he has written very\\nthoughtfully and with great power.\\nThe light of another M^orld has already silvered and glorified\\nthe brow of this poet of the dawn and as I have before observed,\\nwith n-dTandng years comes intellectual and spiritual strength\\nrather than a diminution of power. Such men as Mr. Clark\\nwield a subtle influence for good in the world. Tlieir lives and\\nthoughts are alike an ins})iration to thousands their names live\\nenshrined in tlie love of the earnest, toiUng, struggling people\\nthe nation s real nobility.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "after Siitv^ Ucars,\\nThe snov7 of age is on my heart,\\nBut eternal Spring is in my heart.\\nVictor Hugo.\\nOf the many who enter life strong and enthusiastic in the\\ncause of justice and humauit} only a few persevere to the\\nend, without faltering, if that end be deferred until the\\nsnows of age crown the brow. vSome centre their energies\\non a single reform and battle unceasingly for the despised\\ncause, patiently and dauntlessly braving the contumely and\\nl ersecution of conventionalism. They are usually very\\nfinely strung natures; indeed, I think the reformer who bat-\\ntles for the Aveak and oppressed, is always almost super-\\nsensitive; hence, the abuse, the sneei-s and social ostracism\\nhe is compelled to endure for the weak, ignorant, and\\noppressed, whose cause he makes his own, cut into his\\nvery soul in a manner little dreamed of by the careless\\nmasses. At length, however, \\\\\\\\v^ reform is accomplished;\\nthe minority becomes the majority, and he wiio was\\nyesterday denounced as a shallow agitatcu-, an insufferable\\ncrank and a hysterical emotionalist is hailed as a prophet,\\nhero and sage by that same soulless and shallow conven-\\ntionalism which scorned him so long as the cause for which\\nhe battled was unpoi)ular.\\nWhen this hour arrives it carries perils with it for the\\nreformer; it is now so easy to rest on well-earned laurels\\nand enjoy the sweeter melodies of life. The cause is won\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nnay, not the cause, but one battle in the ceaseless warfaie\\nby which man rises to nobler heights; but conventionalism\\nwill have it that the raii. ^c is won. and often the reformer at\\nthis point falls by the wayside, ceasing to be a reformer,\\n{ilthough he nuiy continue to utter high, sweet, and noble\\nthoughts. The poet Whittier is an example of this class.\\nAfter the war the despised agitator who for so long had\\nsuffered social ostracism, was welcomed into the arms of\\nthe conventionalism which had endeavored to slay him.\\nAll that was asked of him was that he would rest on his\\nlaurels, in so far as aggressive reform work was concerned,\\nand turn his muse to greener and more restful j)astures.\\nHe naturally hated conflict and loved peace. He chose the\\nvelvet, grass-lined banks and rested by the wayside, while\\nWendell Phillips from the cause of the oppressed black\\n50", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "Htter Si.rt\\\\? l^ears, 5i\\nman turned to that of the enskived white man and dealt\\ngiant blows tor freedom, justice and progress so long as\\nhis silver-toned voice could utter a protest against inhuman-\\nity, injustice and oppression.\\nAnother class of reformers becomes discouraged by the\\ningratitude and ignorance of those they seek to aid. They\\nfind themselves misjudged, misrepresented and maligned\\nb} the demagogues who, influenced by the capital of the\\nojjpressors or consumed by love of self and petty jealousy,\\ndiscredit the high, i)ure unselfishness of single-hearted men\\nand women; and the latter too often, after being made the\\ntarget for those they would help, become discouraged and\\nlapse into silence; their voices like the powerful guns of\\na battle ship are stilled, but the spiking is due to traitors on\\nboard, rather than to the fire from the enemy.\\nkStill another class who enter life strong, aggressive,\\nbrave, and determined to consecrate their best energies\\nto the cause of human brotherhood, gradually fall under\\nthe spell of conventionalism; the multitudinous disappoint-\\nments which beset their pathway slowly dami)en the ardor\\nwhich impelled them onward. Hope, courage and deter-\\nmination give way to a painful and oppressive pessimism.\\nThe Locksley Hall of youth, which is the story of\\nstrength, hope and determination, is changed into the\\nLocksley Hall Sixty Years After, which is a tale of\\ndespair. This is the saddest of all sights, save that of open\\nbetrayal or treachery.\\nIn broad contrast with those who aggressively enter the\\nwarfare for eternal justice and human brotherhood, but\\nwho becoming tired, disheartened or asi)hyxiated, fall l)y\\nthe wayside, we find a few a chosen band of lofty s])irits\\nwho persevere in the cause until the night comes upon them,\\nand they fall with their armor on, like Victor Hugo, who\\nwas a conspicuous representative of this order of nature s\\nroyalty. They can exclaim, The winter is on our heads,\\nbut eternal sj)ring is in our hearts. They are pro])hets\\nIhey are more than propliets, for the ])rophet may only\\ndiscern the signs of the times and point out the luminous\\ntruth he beholds. They are warriors they are more than\\nwarriors, for a warrior may fight for self or in an evil cause.\\nThey are heroes they are more than heroes, for the hero\\nmay win glorious victories but afterward rest on his laurels\\namid the plaudits of an admiring world. They are the ser-\\nvants of progress, the apostles of light, who think only of\\nserving the race, shedding forth the light of justice, dis-\\npelling the darkness, and enabling the race to move forward.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "62 persons, places anC) UDeas*\\nAmon^ those who ])elong to this select band of truly\\nroyal souls, who are Poets of the people, \\\\Mlliam Morris,\\nGerald Massey and our own James G. Clark are inspiring\\nfigures which are still among us. Mr. Clark, like h it-\\ntier, battled for the emaucii)ation of the black man.\\nWith pen and voice he performed valiant service for\\nthe slaves, and when the clash of arms came, as j^oet,\\ncomposer and singer he became a threefold inspira-\\ntion in the struggle for liberty and a broader justice. But\\nunlike AVhittier, after the war was over this poet refused\\nto lay down his armor; he knew the victory was an incident\\nin the history of progress. The enfranchisement of tlie\\nnegroes was not the only enfranchisement to be accom-\\nplished; indeed, the black man had only been freed from one\\nform of slavery; he still remained ignorant, and his soul\\nhad never been warmed into life by justice and kindliness.\\nMoreover, the war, while it had broken the chains of chattel\\nslavery, had promoted special privileges, and led to the\\nenactment of class laws as gigantic in character as they\\nwere multitudinous in number; these evils, tolerated at\\nfirst owing to the exigencies of the time, and because the\\nattention of statesmen and patriots was occupied with the\\nimmediate life of the Union, carried with them a potential\\nserfdom more far-reaching and essentially tragic than the\\nslavery which had hitherto been recognized in the New\\nWorld. Far-seeing minds, when the stress of the war was\\npast, beheld in this growing conventionalism, fostered by\\nspecial ])rivilege, a menace to the rights of individuals,\\nwhich threatened to make the re])ublic what the patriciaTis\\nthrough the power of wealth made of the ancient common-\\nwealtli of Home the republican shell, undtn- cover of which\\nthe most hopeless oppression flourished. Against the\\naggressiveness of wealth in the hands of shrewd, cunning\\nand soulless men and corporations Mr. Clark I aised his\\nclarion voice, even more eloquent than in the old days when\\nhe wrote, composed and sung for freedom and the Union\\nbefore the black man had been freed. It is difficult to con-\\nceive a picture more inspiring than this i)atriarch of Free-\\ndom, whose brow is already lighted with the dawn of\\nanother lif(\\\\ fronting the morning with eyes of fire and\\nvoice rich, full and clear, now persuasive, now imperious,\\nbut never faltering, as he delivers the messages of eternal\\ntruth, progress, and justice.\\nI know of no singer of our time to whom the following\\nwords, penned by James Russell Lowell in 1844 when writ-\\ning of Whittier, are so applicable as to the poet v:e are now", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "Btter Siit^ l^ears* 53\\nconsidering. By clianoino; the word Whitticr to //am poet\\niu the following we have a more graphic and concise char-\\nacterization of James G. Clark than it wonld be possible for\\nme to give:\\nHe has not ])ut his talent out at profitable interest by cater-\\ning totheinsolentandpliarisaical self-esteem of the times,nor\\nhas he hidden it in the damask of historical commonplaces,\\nor a philanthropy too universal to concern itself with par-\\nticular wrongs, the practical redressing of which is all that\\nrenders philanthropy of value. Most poets are content to\\nfollow the s])irit of their age as pigeons follow a leaking\\ngrain cart, picking a kcn-nel here and there out of the dry\\ndust of the past. Not so with [this poet]. From the heart\\nof the onset ui)on the serried mercenaries of every tyranny,\\nthe chord of his iron-strung lyre clangs with a martial and\\ntriumphant cheer.\\nMr. Clark, like William ^Morris, Mv. Howells, and many\\nothers of our finest contem])orary thinkers, has become an\\nardent social democrat. Perhaps he is not quite so extrenu^\\nin his views as the English i)oet, but I imagine he holds\\noi)inions much the same as those entertained by ^\\\\v.\\nHowells, and he is even more aggressive than the Ameri-\\ncan novelist, which is saying much, when one considers Mr.\\nHowells fine and brave work of recent years, and especially\\nhis bold satire on present-day injustice, in A Traveller\\nfrom Altruria.\\nIn the present paper I wish to group together a few ])oems\\nof humanity, written by Mr. Clark since he ])assed his\\nsixtieth mile-post. They are timely utterances, ini} ressing\\nthe great truth so nobly presented by ^lazzini that Life\\nis a mission, Life is duty, and similarly expressed by\\nVictor Hugo when he declares that Life is conscience.\\nMr. Clark is one of the poets of the people, and he clothes\\nthe eternal veiities of which he speaks in simple and\\neffective imagery, sometimes turning to nature, sometimes\\nto the Bible, for his figures. Here is a really noble creation,\\na poem well worthy of living in the patriotic heart:\\nFreedom s ReiriUr.\\nThp timp has passed for idle rest:\\nColumbia, from your shunber rise!\\nReplace the shield lu^ion your breast.\\nAnd east the veil from off your eyes.\\nAnd view your torn and stricken fold-\\nBy proAvliny- wolves made desolate\\nYour honor sold for alien sold\\nBv traitors in your Halls of State.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "54 persons, places auD flOeas.\\nOur uiothei s wriug their fettered hands;\\nOur sires fall fainting by the way;\\nThe Lion robs them of their lands,\\nThe Eagle guards them to betray:\\nShall they who kiU through craft and greed\\nReceive a brand less blacli than Cain s?\\nShall paid procurers of the deed\\nStill revel in their Judas gains V\\nO daughter of that matchless Sire,\\nWlio-Jc valor made your name sublime,\\nWhose spirit, like a living tire,\\nLights up the battlements of Time,\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe World s sad Heart, with pleading moan,\\nBreaks at yoiu- feet\u00e2\u0080\u0094 as breaks the main\\nIn ceaseless prayer from zone to zone\\nAnd shall it plead and break in vain\\nFling off that golden garb of lace\\nThat knaves have spun to mask your form,\\nAnd let the lightning from yoxTr face\\nGleam out upon the gathering storm\\nThat awful face whose silent look\\nSwept o er the ancient tin-ones of kings,\\nAnd like the bolts of Sinai shook\\nThe base of old established things.\\nThe promise of an age to be\\nHas touched with gold the mountain mist,\\nIts white fleets plow the morning sea.\\nIts flags the Morning Star has kissed.\\nBut still the martyred ones of yore\\nBy tyrants to the scaffold led\\nTransfigured now, forevermore,\\nGaze backward from the ages dead.\\nAnd ask: How long, O Lord! how long\\nShall creeds conceal God s human side,\\nAnd Christ the God be crowned in song\\nWhile Christ the man is crucified?\\nHow long shall ^lammon s tongue of fraud\\nAt Freedom s Tropliets wag in sport.\\nWhile chartered nuirder stalks aliroad.\\nApproved by Senate, Church and Court?\\nThe strife shall not forever last\\nTwixt cunning Wrong and passive Truth\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe blighting demon of the Fast,\\nChained to the beauteous form of Youth;\\nThe Truth shall rise, its bonds shall break.\\nIts day witli cloudless glory burn.\\nThe Right with Might from shnnber wake,\\nAnd the dead wrong to dust return.\\nThe long night wanes; the stars wax dim;\\nThe Young Day looks through bars of blood;\\nThe air throbs with the breath of Him\\nWhose Pulse was in the Red-Sea flood;", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "Hfter Stit^ 13ears\u00c2\u00bb 55\\nAnd tianked by moimtains, right and left,\\nTlie People stand\u00e2\u0080\u0094 a donl)tinj4- horde\\nBefore them heave the tides uneleft,\\nBehind them Hashes Pharaoli s sword.\\nBut lo! the living God controls,\\nAnd marks the bounds of slavery s night,\\nAnd speaks through all the dauntless souls\\nThat live, or perish, for the right.\\nHis face shaU light the People still.\\nHis Hand shall cut the Sea in twain,\\nAnd sky and wave and mountain thrill\\nTo Miriam s triumphant strain.\\nMr. Clark is a profoundly religious man, but lie is singu-\\nlarly free from that dogmatism and ereedal idolatry, that\\nnarrow and fanatical bigotry and pharisaism which have\\nmade the church odious to thousands of the finest, truest\\nand most religious natures of the century, and which have\\nled man} of the noblest natures to turn from Christianity\\nas something hateful and repugnant to that which is truest\\nand most profoundly divine in man s nature. He is reli-\\ngious, as Jesus was religious, which is not saying that he\\nwould be welcomed into fashionable conventional churches\\nto-day any more than Jesus in His time was welcomed\\namong the orthodox religionists of Judaism.\\nHere is a fine piece of work which might be termed\\nA Voice in the Xiglit.\\nI have come, and the world shall be shaken\\nLike a reed at the touch of my rod.\\nAnd the kingdoms of Time shall awaken\\nTo the voice and the summons of God;\\nNo more through the din of the ages\\nShall warnings and chidings divine.\\nFrom the lips of my prophets and sages.\\nBe trampled like pearls before swine.\\nYe have stolen my lands and my cattle;\\nYe have kept back from labor its meed;\\nYe have challenged the outcasts to battle.\\nWhen they plead at your feet in their need;\\nAnd when clamors of hunger grew louder,\\nAnd the multitudes prayed to be fed.\\nYe have answered with prisons or powder\\nThe cries of your brothers for bread.\\nI turn from your altars and arches,\\nAnd the mocking of steeples and domes,\\nTo join in the long, weary mai ches\\nOf the ones ye have robbed of their homes;", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "56 persons, places an 11 eas\u00c2\u00bb\\nI shai-o in tho sorrows and crosses\\nOf the naked, the hunt^ry and cold.\\nAnd dearer to me are their losses\\nThan your gains and your idols of gold.\\nI will wither the might of the spoiler;\\nI will laugh at your dungeons and locks;\\nThe tyrant shall yielil to the toiler.\\nAnd your judges eat grass like the ox;\\nFor the pr.iyers of tlie poor have ascended\\nTo be written in lightnings on high.\\nAnd the wails of your captives have l)lended\\nWith the bolts that must leap from the sky.\\nThe thrones of your kings shall be shattered\\nAnd the prisoner and serf sliall go free;\\nI will harvest from seed that 1 scattered\\nOn the borders of blue (Talilce;\\nFor I come not alone, and a stranger\\nLo! my reapers will sing through the night\\nTill the star that stood owr the manger\\nShall cover the world with its light.\\nIll tlie following we have a prophetic picture, and wilb\\nthe insight of a true prophet Mr. Clark shows that the dan-\\nger of bloodshed and ruin does not lie where the paid hire-\\nlings of plutocrac}^ are ever seeking through the capitalistic\\npress to make the masses think danger lies; the sui\u00c2\u00bbrenie\\nmenace of liberty no less than of justice lies primarily where\\n^Ir. Clark points it out in the citadel of laidcss and eon-\\nscivnee1esi icealtti.\\nThe Fall of New Bahi/lon.\\nBe still, and know that T am OodI\\nThis message fell distinct and low\\nWhile wealth, with steel and iron shod.\\nCrushed out the cries of want and woe;\\nAnd from the scourged and bleeding throng,\\nAs if to the end the age-long tryst,\\nWith eyes rebuking gilded Wrong.\\nShone forth the wondrous face of Christ.\\nINIan heeded neither voice nor look\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nFor Mammon s vampires asked for blood\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nAnd what were signs and omens took\\nThe forms of conflict, flame and flood:\\nTlie tempest down the mountains whi -ied;\\nThe lightnings danced among the crags;\\nAnd far below th( bi-ea leers curled\\nAnd raised on high their battle-flags.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "Htter Sixtp m^VB, 5:\\nThe ocean s heart wih ansry beats\\nSwayed by the earthquake s tii-ry breath-\\nUplifted cities, troops and tleets\\nAnd hurled them down to wreck and death;\\nThen rose the deatli-vell of the Ohl\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe old, dark A,i;-e of ruthless .^ain.\\nOf crouching thieves and wai-riors bold\\nWho slew the just and roltbed the slain.\\nFor he who led the hordes of Niyht\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe Monarchs of niaraudinj;- bands-\\nWent down before the Sword of Li.ylit\\nThat Hashed upon the plnmlered lands;\\nAnd stretched upon his niiji hty bier.\\nWith broken helmet on his head.\\nAnd hands still clutchiui;- Itrand and spear,\\nThe King at last lay prone and dead.\\nThe birds of conquest o er him swooped\\nIn battled rage and terror wild;\\nThe silent Fates around him stooped\\nTo deck with tlowers their fallen child;\\nAnd where the powers of shore and wave\\nTogether clashed in border wars,\\nAVith systems piled upon his grave.\\nThey left the meteor-sou of Mars.\\nThe cruel rule of craft and pelf\\nHad vanished like a midnight pall;\\nThe cold, hard motto. Each for Self,\\nHad melted into Each for All.\\nFor every human ear and heart\\nHad heard the message, Peace, be still!\\nAnd soiight thi ough Freedom s highest art\\nFor oneness with the Perfect Will.\\nThe star of strife had ceased to reign,\\nAnd Venus woke with tender grace\\nBetween the lids of sky and main\\nAnd smiled upon a nobler race;\\nAnd as a brute foregoes its prize\\nAnd cowers before the gaze of day,\\nWith backward look from baleful eyes\\nThe Avolf of Usury slunk away.\\nFrom ocean rim to mountain height\\nAll Nature sang of glad release;\\nThe waters danced in wild delight\\nAnd waved a million flags of peace;\\nFor he wiio hehl the world in th -all\\nThroiigh greed and fraud and power of gold,\\nHad seen tlie writing on the wall.\\nAnd died like Bal)ylon s King of old.\\nWhen the wealth-prodnoers of the nation learn that the\\nwelfare of all is more important than the selfish interests", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "58 persons, places anD l[ eas.\\nof a few petty men who divide industry into warring camps,\\nand by the aid of demagogues who secretly serve the gold\\npower, prevent the concerted action of wealth-pro-\\nducers; when the toilers come to understand that if they\\nunite hut once and speak at the ballot-box, the power of\\nplutocracy will be broken and the dawn of a truer democ-\\nracy than the world has ever known will become an accom-\\nplished fact; when the breadwinners of earth realize that\\nthe man who urges them not to actively enter poli-\\ntics is in reality the most valiant voice that the despot-\\nism of avarice and greed can invoke, then we shall have\\nreached a point where the rule of the few will vanish and\\nthe laws of equal justice will be felt throughout all the rami-\\nlications of government. This is the supreme lesson for\\nlabor to learn. Karl Marx appreciated it, and the most far-\\nseeing, single-hearted apostles of humanity since his day\\nhave insisted upon it. Toilers everywhere, unite your\\nhope lies in union; know^ no creed, party, nation, or race.\\nLet humanity be your family, and justice your guiding star.\\nThe motto of the American Railway Union breathes the\\nspirit of this new slogan, and Mr. Clark, quick to appreciate\\nits significance, penned these lines suggested by the motto\\nAll far One (Did One for Alir\\nAll for one and one for all.\\nWith an endless song and sweep,\\nSo the billows rise and fall\\nOn the bosom of the deep;\\nI.oiider in their single speech,\\nMore resistless as they roll.\\nBroadei higher in their reach\\nFtir their union with the whole.\\nWheeling systems sink and rise,\\nIn one shoreless universe.\\nAnd forever down the skies\\nMyriad stars one liymn rehearse;\\nCountless worlds salute the sun,\\nPlanets to each other call,\\nAges into cycles run.\\nAll for one and one for all.\\nKissed by sunshine, dew and shower,\\nLeaping rill and living sod.\\nSea and mountain, tree and flower\\nTurn their faces up to God;\\nAnd one human Brotherhood.\\nPulsing through a thousand lands,\\nReaches for one common good\\nWith its million, million hands.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "Hftcr Sixtp l^ears, 59\\nThrough all warrlug seas of life\\nCue vast current sunward rolls,\\nAnd within all outward strife,\\nOue eternal Kiglit controls,\\nRight, at whose divine command\\nSlaves go free and tyrants fall,\\nlu the might of those who stand\\nAll for oue aud oue for all.\\nLegislation is yery largely responsible for the multi-mill-\\nionaires of this republic, while special privileges of some\\nkind or another have in almost all instances with w^hich I am\\nacquainted been the creators or the chief feeders of the\\ncolossal fortunes in our midst. It would therefore seem\\nvery clear that to minify the dangers w^hicli all thoughtful\\npeople admit to-day threaten the republic through the influ-\\nence of plutocracy, it will be necessary to abolish special\\nprivilege aud class legislation. This, moreover, is\\ndemanded by the quickened conscience of the times, because\\nit meets the requirements of justice. If government has any\\nlegislative function it is to foster justice and extend as far as\\npossible the prosperity, happiness and advancement of all\\nthe people, instead of lending its influence to a few in such\\na manner as to enable them to enslave the many.\\nFurthermore, if, as can be clearly demonstrated, the gov-\\nernment has by grants and i)rivileges rendered possible the\\nacquiring of untold millions by a few of the people who have\\nbeen the beneficiaries of these privileges, it is not so absurd\\nor idiotic as the mouthpieces of the government-fostered\\nplutocracy would have us believe, to insist that the power\\nw^hich has heretofore been exerted by the government for\\nthe aggrandizement and benefit of the few, be henceforth\\nexerted impartially toward all the citizens of the republic,\\nand that the enoriiious disparity of fortunes resulting from\\nini(iuitous class legislation and i)artial and therefore\\nvicious governmental paternalism be in a measure righted\\nby a graduated income tax and a rigid inheritance tax;\\nthese claims of industry are eminently just, and were it not\\nfor the tremendous power already exerted by the usurer\\nclass, they would scarcely be called in question; but the\\ngold of wealth is liberally expended to uphold the tyranny\\nof capitalism, and there always have been and floubtless\\nfor many generations to come will be men who will act as\\nsophists in upholding injustice and befogging the minds of\\npeople w^ho have never learned to think independently;\\nhence the urgent need of the sincere and conscientious\\nprophets, poets and reformers.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "60 persons, places an^ ir^eas.\\nThe following- poem of Mr. Clark will awaken an echo in\\nthousands of the most earnest hearts of our laud who lonj,^\\nto join in the songs of the happy, but who hear so clearly\\nthe cries of the victims under the wheels that their hearts\\ngrow heavy and their voices fail to utter a sound in the\\nchorus of joy,\\nA Sony of the Period.\\nOb! weave us a bright and ehoerfiil rhyme,\\nOf our hand where the tts tree grows,\\nAud the air is sweet iu the New- Year time\\nWith the breath of the uew-borii rose.\\nThis message fell while the engine roared\\nBy the wharf at the city s feet\\nWhere the white-Avinged birds of trade lay moored\\nIn a vast, unnumbered Heet.\\nIt filled my ears as we moved away,\\nAnd the iron Avheels rolled on\\nFrom the noisy town and the sobbing bay\\nTo the wilds of Oregon.\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nAVhere thi mountain cloud and the mossy sod\\nAre kissiHl by the self-same rills.\\nAnd the torrents beat like tlu pulse of God\\nIn the hearts of the ancient hills.\\nAnd I sung of the broad and generous fields\\nThat were fresh with a promise rare;\\nOf the mother-breast that sweetly yields\\nAll life to the people s jn-ayer.\\nBut my soul grew sad with a minor tone\\nFrom the souls of the outcast poor\\nWlio l)ei;ged for work\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and received a stone\\nAs they tramped o er the lonely moor.\\nThen T thought of the land whose faith was sealed\\nBy the blood of the brave and great.\\nOf the strong, fierce bird and the starry shield\\nThat guarded the halls of state;\\nBnt the Fagle watched o er the idle ffo](\\\\\\nThat was heaped on the rich man s floor.\\nA^ hile the gaunt wolf leered at the toiler s fold\\nAnd howled by the poor man s door.\\nI cannot join the old-time friends\\nTn their merry games and sports\\nWhile the pleading wail of the poor ascends\\nTo the Judge of the T ^pper Courts;\\nAnd T cannot r.ing the glad, free songs\\nThat the world around me sings\\nWhile my fellows move in cringing throngs\\nAt the beck of the gilded kings.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "Htter SUti^ ]l)ears. 6i\\nThe scales hauff low from the opeu skies\\nThat have weighed them, one and all\\nAnd the tiery letters gleam and rise\\nO er the feast in the Talace Hall,\\nBut my lighter lays shall slumber on\\nThe boughs of the willow tree\\nTill the King is slain in Babylon,\\nAnd the captive hosts go free.\\nI will close this paper with one of the finest and noblest\\npoetic creations which our silver-headed prophet-poet of\\nthe people has composed since he passed bejond his sixtieth\\nyear. It is brave, bold and severe, as the articulate voice\\nof justice is wont to be, when confrontino- injustice, but\\nthrough it, as thiougli all this poet s writings, we note the\\npresence of that abiding faith which is entertained by those\\nwho believe, nay more, who know that man is fronting the\\ndawn, and that eternal justice broods over the world.\\nJustice to Libert!) EnJiyhteiting the Wurld.\\nO Ijiberty! whose searching eyes\\nAre fixed upon the distant blue-\\nAs if to pierce the veil that lies\\nBetwixt the Old World and the New\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nWhat seekest thou in other climes.\\nAnd isles that gem the salt sea foam?\\nWhat findest thoti of woes and crimes\\nThat dwell not in thy chosen home?\\nChild of the rainbow and the star.\\nAn^und whose path the whirlwind sings,\\nRecall tliine eagles from afar\\nAnd answer to my questionings!\\nCall down tliy colors from the clouds\\nAnd nail them o er the city marts.\\nAnd let tliy beacon cheer the crowds\\nOf darkened lives and weary hearts.\\nAnd what art thou? to question one\\nWhose impulse every bosom warms,\\nWhi se eagles soar athwart the sun.\\nAnd rock their young upon the storms;\\nAnd who art thou? to ask me wliy\\nI stand ujKin the New World strands\\nAnd bid my eagles outward tiy\\nTo probe the ills of other lands!\\nMen call me Love when\u00e2\u0080\u0094 bending down\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nI kiss the tears from sorrow s face.\\nAnd Mercy wh(Mi I change the frown\\nOf judgment to a smile of grace;\\nThey call me .Tustice when I shift\\nThe weak man s burdens to the strong.\\nBnt Vengeance when my earthquakes lift\\nThe tidal waves that drown the wrong.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "62 persons, places anD H^eas.\\nI fix the headland boimds of Fate\\nAgainst which Error frets in vain;\\nI watch by Trutli s eternal gate,\\nAnd balance every loss and gain;\\nI hover o er the Lethean deep\\nWhere Progress mourns her murdered braves,\\nI touch the waters where they sleep.\\nAnd lo! they wake from honored graves.\\nThe empty boasts of power and pelf\\nLike fleeting vapors round me meet;\\nThe star of destiny itself\\nClimbs from the throne to reach my feet;\\nThe nations poise upon my scales\\nLike cloudlets on the midday air;\\nI stand erect where Empire fails.\\nAnd wait serene amidst despair.\\nO! thou whose fire-winged word descends\\nLike lightning from unclouded zones\\nAt whose decree oppression ends.\\nAnd despots tremble on their thrones\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nI l;ow to thy divining life\\nAVhich every perfect life fulfils:\\nSly warring factions cease from strife,\\nMy thunders die among the hills.\\nFull well I know the deeds of shame\\nThat nations in my name have done.\\nWhose record lingers on my fame\\nLike spots upon the morning sun;\\nBut while my conquering legions stand\\nWith sabres sheathed and banners furled,\\nPray tell me of my chosen band\\nWhose star and torch illume the world.\\nI see a land so broad and fair\\nSo free from titled lords and kings\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThat all the tribes seek refuge there\\nAs young birds seek the mother-wings;\\nThe fig-tree, orange, grain and palm\\n(irow wild upon her southern plains,\\nWhere summer breezes drift in lialm.\\nAnd blooms caress the winter rains.\\nThe oceans of the east and west\\nAlong her borders laugh and roar;\\nThe mountains sleep upon her breast.\\nAnd vast lakes down her nortJi lines pour.\\nI see a nation half in chains;\\nThe mingled blood of all the earth\\nIs surging through her fevered veins.\\nAnd striving for a nobler birth;\\nThe New World s warp, the Old World s web\\nIn all her garments come and go.\\nWhile from her life the old taints ebb\\nAnd new ones rush with fiercer flow;", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "Hfter Siit^ l^ears. 63\\nHer snowy sails, her keels and helms\\nGo forth with stores of fruit and bread\\nTo all the kingdoms, climes, and realms\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0N^ here man is asking to be fed.\\nHer star-crowned head proclaims the light\\nThat seers and poets long have snug.\\nHer feet and skirts are wrapped in night\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\\\\Miere Wrong is old and Ho])i is young;\\nNo more the lion treads her coast\\nIn war s red pomp and force arrayed;\\nHe leads a far more cruel host\\nThat plunders by the laws of trade.\\nHer soldier band, whose sabre stroke\\nReleased from bonds four million lives.\\nAre bm-dened by a usurer s yoke\\nINIore galling than the black man s gyves;\\nThough gone the auction block of old.\\nThe soul of slavery lingers still;\\nThe chains are forged of power and gold\\nTo bind the white serf s brain and will.\\nThe poor man, robbed of lands he earned,\\nGoes wandering homeless o er the moor;\\nAnd eagles, into vultures tm-ned.\\nStand guard beside the rich man s door;\\nThe masses move with fettered feet;\\nThe classes feast on Labor s toil,\\nThe eagles with the lions meet.\\nTo gather and divide the spoil.\\nI am not blind; I see and feel.\\nWhile Mammon rules the broad domain,\\nAnd stretches forth his hand to steal\\nThe garnered sheaves of ripened grain.\\nI am not deaf, I am not dead.\\nThough mercy groans in travail pain.\\nWhile chartered Murder rears its head.\\nAnd children wail for fathers slain.\\nNo longer shall my arm be stayed.\\nNo more my trumpet call retreat\\nWhen Truth, by lying lips betrayed.\\nIs dragged before the judgment seat;\\nThe line is crossed, the doom draws nigh;\\nLo! Justice wakes with lifted hand\\nTo write her mandate in the sky.\\nAnd not upon the shifting saiid.\\nBut Justice, listen; and behold;\\nMy star upon the darkness gleams.\\nMy upraised torch has not grown cold;\\nThe \\\\\\\\-orld is moaning in her dreams;\\nIn dreams of grander conflicts won.\\nShe yearns for freedom, light and air;\\nAnd can the child of Washington\\nBe dumb to her unanswered prayer?", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "G4 persons, places auD 1IC eas\u00c2\u00bb\\nThe aj?es cannot pause to wait\\nThe counter-moves of Manunon s horde,\\nWhile Labor lingers at the gate\\nTo beg the crumbs from Dives board;\\nThe world shall onward, sunward SAving\\nTill torch and star are merged in light.\\nAnd all the nations rise and sing\\nTheir triumph o er the powers of night.\\nI see a mighty feast outspread,\\nhere gilded Lords their honors wear;\\nThe banquet king sits at their head;\\nThe guests are drunk on vintage i-are;\\nAnd far below on every side.\\nNo more by cringing fear subdued,\\nAnd murmuring like a rising tide,\\nI see the countless multitude.\\nAs rivers to the ocean roll.\\nAll tongues and races join the throng,\\nOne purpose burning in each soul,\\nAnd on their lips a single song;\\nOne common cause, one flag unfurled.\\nThey kneel to neither king nor cl. iu;\\nTheir country is the round, wide ^^()rld,\\nTheir creed the brotherliood of man.\\nThe feast goes on; the i)roud rejoice;\\nThey hear a sound of distant waves;\\nThey think it but the torrent s voice\\nComplaining through the highland caves;\\nIt is no mountain stream, that leaps\\nRebellious from its rocky bands;\\nIt is the lifting of the deeps.\\nThe sinking of the ancient lands.\\nResistless as the pulse of doom.\\nThe ocean swings from shor(\u00c2\u00bb to shore;\\nAnd frightened kings Hit through the gloom.\\nLike stars that fall to rise no more.\\nThe high sea-walls of caste are gone.\\nThe pent-up floods their chains have burst,\\nThe toilers face the golden dawn.\\nThe first are last, the last are first.\\nThe Old goes down, the New ascends.\\nIts sunny isles in glory rise;\\nA rainbow o er the deluge bends.\\nAnd Labor s curse dissolves and dies;\\nThe gods of gold no more hold sway,\\nThe people bow to truth alone,\\nAnd He whose voice the tides obey\\nRemains forever with His own.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "(Ibccitcivon=^tbc*=IDcc\\\\ a (Blimpec of an \u00c2\u00aelb\\nIRoinan Centre of Culture in Great Britain.\\nChester is unique among English cities. Much of its archi-\\ntecture reminds one of continental Europe, contrasting in a\\nmost striking manner with the prosaic modern buildings, while\\nthe picturesque ruins of once massive Norman edifices attract\\nthe eye and cause the mind to revert to that sturdy though\\nsavage ])eople who played so important a part in laying the\\nfoundation for modern England s glory and supremacy. It is,\\nmoreover, the only city in Great Britain where tlie traveller\\nfinds preserved without a break or gap the ancient Avails which\\ncharacterize the strongholds of mediaeval civilization.\\nPerhaps nothing will arrest the attention of the stranger at\\nfirst sight so much as the striking contrasts which meet his\\nview on every hand. Here the new jostles against the old.\\nOne sees grim poverty, grime, and squalor, which is the shame\\nof modern civilization, almost under the shadow of that concen-\\ntrated wealth which is the pride and boast of shallow conven-\\ntionalism; here tram-cars covered and bedecked with monstrous\\nand unsightly advertising boards, which would amaze if they\\ndid not chagrin the thrifty Yankee pill-maker and soai)-manu-\\nfacturer, run close beside ancient buildings of curious archi-\\ntecture and rich in historic interest; and here also one steps\\nfrom the modern steam launches which ply the River Dee, and\\nin half a minute s walk finds himself under the ivy-tapestried\\nwalls of the venerable ruins of the Church of St. John the Bap-\\ntist, or beside the solid masonry of the ancient city walls.\\nBut perhaps no one finds so much geraiine interest in this\\nquaint old town as the student of history, for the story of\\nChester stretches back until it is lost in the mists of tradition,\\nand it has been the theatre of so many memorable struggles in\\ntlie history of England, that turn where you will, you see ob-", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "66\\npersons, BMaces an^ lIDeas.\\nJ^Wip\\nBISHOP LLOYD S HOUSE. SEE PAGE 79.\\ntre, in the marches of Englonde,\\ntowards Wales, betwegne two\\narms of the see, that bee named\\nDee and 3Iersee. Thys cy te in\\ntyme of Britons, was hede and\\nchj^efe cyte of all Venedocia,\\nthat is, North Wales. Thys\\ncyte in Brytyshe spech bete\\nCarthleon, Chestre in Eng-\\nlyshe, and Cyte of Legyons\\nalso. For there laye a wynter\\nthe legyons that Julius Cezar\\nsent for to wyne Irlonde. And\\nafter, Claudius Cezar sent le-\\ngyons out of the cyte for to\\nwynn the Islands that be called\\nOrcades. Thj^s cyte hath\\nplente of lyve land, of corn,\\njects which call up\\nthe rude freedom of\\nthe ancient Britons,\\nthe refined luxur^^ of\\nthe long vanished\\ncivilization of the\\nRoman era, or the\\ntempestuous strug-\\ngles of the Middle\\nAges,\\nAccording to tra-\\ndition this city was a\\nplace of importance\\nlong before the Ro-\\nmans made it one of\\nthe strongest posts\\nin ancient Albion.\\nIn the curious chro-\\nnicles of the monk\\nRanulph Iligden,\\npublished in 1495,\\nwe find the following\\nallusion to Chester in\\nquaint old English\\nphraseology\\nThe cyte of Le-\\ngyons, that is Ches-\\nA ROMAN ALTAR FOUND IN EXCAVATION\\nIN CHESTER DURING PRESENT CENTURY.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "Gbcstcr*ou*tbe*Bee.\\n67\\nof flesh, and specy-\\nallj of samon. Thys\\ncy te receyveth grate\\nmarchandyse, and\\nsendeth out also.\\nNorthumbres des-\\ntroyed tliis cyte\\nsonietyme, but El-\\nfleda, Lady of Mer-\\ncia, bylded it again,\\nand made it mouch\\nmore.\\nIn thys cyte ben\\nways under erth,\\nwith vowtes and\\nstone werke, won-\\nderfully wrought,\\nthree chambered\\nworkes, grete stones\\ningrave with old\\nmannes names there-\\nin. Thys is that\\ncyte that Ethel-\\nfrede, Kyng of Nor-\\nthumberlonde, des-\\ntroyed, and sloughe\\nthere fast by nygh\\ntwothousand monks\\nof the mynster of Banger. Thys is the cyte that Kyng Edgar\\ncame to,^ some tyme, with seven Kyngs that were subject to\\nhym.\\nThe tradition of this worthy monk, however, lacks historical\\nconfirmation, and it is not until the Roman conquest that we\\nhave authentic data regarding Chester. Some conception of\\nthe size and importance of this ])lace after tke famous Twentieth\\nLegion had become Avell established on the Dee, may be gained\\nfrom the Roman ruins which excavations of the present century\\nhave brought to light; among these are the ruins of a Roman\\nbath and forum and numerous excellently engraved altars, to-\\ngether with fragments of architecture which speak of wealth,\\nrefinement, and culture, surprising to contemplate when we re-\\nmember how remote was the wonderful little city from the great\\npulsating heart of Rome.\\nHistory indicates that the dazzling spectacle of the southern\\nconquerors, their superior civilization and far-reaching knowl-\\nedge, no less than the consideration accorded those of their\\nTHE OLD STANLEY PALACE. SEE PAGE", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "Cbester*on=tbe*IDee. 69\\nconquered foes who cheerfully yielded to the foreign yoke,\\ntogether with the order established and justice meted out, cap-\\ntivated many of the British chieftains, wlio made haste to form\\nas close an alliance as possible with their splendid conquerois,\\nadopting the Roman language, customs, and dress, and becom-\\ning practically the willing vassals of Roman authority. For\\nalmost four centuries the eagles of the Empire were raised aloft\\non British soil, and during this period the Romans on numer-\\nous occasions successfully repulsed the invasions of the fierce\\nnorthern tribes and in various ways protected the British, much\\nto their ultimate injury, as succeeding events proved, for the\\nBritish lost that magnificent independence, that sturdiness and\\nself-reliance, which had previously made it difticult for even the\\ntrained legions of the Csesars to overcome them. They came to\\nlean as inijdicitly on the strong arm of their conquerors as our\\nslaves before the war were wont to look to their masters for\\nprotection and direction. In a word, they exchanged their\\nold-time independent spirit for that of the child or the slave.\\nIt is always perilous for an individual, a nation, or a race to\\nstep at a single bound from a savage to a civilized condition\\nfor the law of life is the law of growth, and until the ethical or\\nspiritual nature has been in a degree matured, those things which\\ncome as fruits of evolutionary development are liable to prove of\\nirreparable injury; and this sudden transition on the part of the\\nBritons, lacking the element of gradual growth which gives\\nstrength and permanency, offers a melancholy illustration of\\nthis fact. They became enervated and grew to be servile imi-\\ntators of their masters, and after the Romans left Biitain his-\\ntory indicates that Romano-Britons rapidly relapsed into semi-\\nbarbarism without regaining their old-time daring or the\\npower of initiative and Teadership. But we have been anticipat-\\ning events.\\nReturning to Chester we find that for more than three centuries\\nfollowing the arrival of the Twentieth Legion the city grew in\\nsize andimportance, and had Rome remained healthy or even\\ncontinued to possess to a fair degree the vigor of early days, the\\nprobabilities are that in time the whole of Great Bi-itain would\\nhave come under the rule of tlie amalgamated races and the\\ncivilization of Albion Avould have suffered no eclipse. But fate\\nwilled it otherwise, and at length the hour came when the can-\\ncer of corruption which had long been eating into the vitals of\\nthe mistress of the world wrought the ruin which generations\\nbefore had been foi-eseen and predicted by the noblest Roman\\nphilosophers. In a fatal hour the mask of Mars and the mantle\\nof Jupiter fell, and lo instead of invincible power and incar-\\nnate majesty, nothing remained but a decrepit, disease-eaten", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "PHCEXIX TOWl\\n:r from t\\nt lTNESSED\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0WAS FROM THIS T0W?:R THAT I\\nF HIS FORCES AT ROWTON MOOR.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "(Ibester*on*tbc=IDec. 7i\\nform, incapal)le of self-government because wanting in moral\\nworth, coui-age and self-reliance, and necessitating the sum-\\nmoning of the Roman legions from remote quarters to Italian\\nsoil.\\nIt was a sad day for Britain when the last of the Romans\\nquitted her shores, for with the departui-e of the soldiers, the\\niiower of the young Romano-Britons also embarked in quest of\\nfame, glory and gold while the Picts and Scots immediately\\nbegan their incursions from the North. Very pitiful were the\\npetitions of the Britons for succor, but Rome was unable to\\naid them longer, and the memorable plea entitled The Groans\\nof the Britons failed to bring any material aid from their old-\\ntime conquerors. In their extremity the terrified and enervated\\nsons of Albion turned to the sturdy Jutes for help. The suc-\\ncor was readily extended, the invaders were driven back, but\\nthe allies were as much impressed with the rich heritage of\\nRoman civilization as they were struck with the effeminacy of\\nthe Britons; they determined to become possessors of so goodly\\na land, and brutal conflicts ensued which ended in Anglo-Saxon\\nsupremacy.\\nChester was one of the spots most coveted l)y the Teutonic\\nconquerors, but the Britons defended it with far more spirit\\nthan was their wont. It was therefore the theatre for many\\nbloody conflicts, and in 607, when yEthelfrith marched upon\\nChester, the Britons were defeated in one of the most desperate\\nengagements of this bloody period. The battle was fought a\\nshort distance from the city and is memorable for the slaughter\\nof twelve hundred iinarmed monks. The story of this massacre\\nis thus graphically described by the historian Gi-een\\nHard by the city two thousand monks were gathered in one\\nof tiiose vast religious settlements which were characteristic of\\nCeltic Christianity, and after a three days fast a crowd of these\\nascetics followed the British army to the field, ^thelfrith\\nwatched the wild gestures of the monks as they stood apart from\\nthe host with arms stretched in prayer, and bade his men slay\\nthem in the coming fight. Bear they arms or no, said the\\nking, they war against us when they cry against us to their\\nGod and in the surprise and rout which followed the monks\\nwere the first to fall.\\nChester was one of the last strongholds of strategic and com-\\nmercial importance to fall before the Saxon power, as at a later\\nday it was the last English city of consequence to bow to the\\nNorman conqueror.\\nThe Saxons were not long permitted to enjoy in peace the land\\nthat they had thus ruthlessly seized. The dauntless, strong-\\nlimbed, red-haired Danes lighted upon England and swept the", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "Cbester*on*tbe*H)ee.\\ncoast upon all sides. These cliildren of Mars and Neptune, who\\nwere characterized by their ferocity and fearlessness, took pos-\\nsession of Chester in the year 894. They, however, only held it\\nfor a shoi-t time. In 907 Ethelred, Earl of Mercia, aided by his\\nillustrious wife Ethellleda,\\nthe daughter of Alfred the\\nGreat, restored and so en-\\nlarged the walls of Chester\\nthat they embraced the\\ncastle which had hitherto\\nstood without the city. This\\nindicates that the castle was\\na fortress of inipoi-taiice long\\nbefore the days of Earl Hugh\\nLupus, who rei)aired and\\nadded to it instead of build-\\ning it as some writers have\\nassumed. Ethellleda was a\\nwoman of great strength of\\nmind and executive ability,\\nand from the fragmentary\\ntestimony of the ancient\\nchroniclers, who were ever\\nloath to exaggerate the\\nabilities of women, we are\\nled to believe that she in-\\nherited many of the noble\\nqualities of her illustrious\\nfather. It appears that,\\nlargely from her intliience,\\nthe city regained some of its\\nold prestige, and it was not\\nuntil some time after her\\ndeath that it ceased for a\\ntime to be a Saxon strong-\\nhold.\\nIn the early seventies of\\nthe tenth century King\\nEdgar occupied the city of\\nChester, and his fleet is said\\nto have filled the River\\nDee. Edgar, it will be\\nremembered, was one of the most powerful of the Saxon\\nkings, even winning the title of King of English and all\\nof the nations round about. According to a generally\\naccepted tradition eight British kings or chieftains came to\\nGOD S PROVIDENCE HOUSE. SEE PAGE", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "74\\npersons, places ant) 1[ eas.\\nChester to do Lim homage. During their stay they rowed\\nhim on the River Dee. Edgar was small of stature, and\\none night after this episode, and while the chieftains were still\\nat Edgar s court, one of their numbers, a Scotch king named\\nKenneth, who had drunk somewhat deeply, exclaimed, How is\\nit that all of us, so raan}^ kings as we are, should serve a king\\nwho is smaller than any of us This gossip was promptly\\nA TAUT Ol THE KUINS OF TUE CUUKCll OF ST. JOHN.\\ncarried to Edgar, who heard it in silence, but soon afterwards\\nrequested Kenneth to accompany him to a forest near at hand.\\nArriving, the king produced two swords, and handing them to\\nthe Scottish chieftain said, Choose whichever weapon you de-\\nsire to use, and let us see which is the better man. Kenneth,\\nhowever, refused to fight, protesting that he spake onl}^ in jest\\nand because he was under the influence of wine.\\nAfter the Saxons were overpowered by the Normans, the\\nConqueror created the earldom of Chester and gave it to his", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "Cbestcr*ou*tbc=S)ee. 77\\nnephew Hugh Lnjnis, who repaired the castle and established a\\ncourt much after the manner of the petty kings of that\\nperiod.\\nMany indeed are the interesting happenings connected with\\nthis quaint old place since the days when William the Conqueror\\ntriumphantly entered her walls after his terrible march. But the\\nmost memoi-able historic event connected with Chester did not\\ntake place until long after the Normans and Saxons had amalga-\\nmated and the modern English nation rose as the legitimate result\\nof this union.\\nWhen Charles the First and the English Parliament came to\\na direct issue Chester ardently espoused the cause of the king,\\nand in the autumn of 1642 Charles was warmly welcomed\\nwithin the city walls. After his departure vigorous work was\\nat once inaugurated for offensive and defensive warfare. The\\nroyal troops under the command of Sir Nicholas Byron were\\nloyally supported by the citizens. The walls were strengthened\\nand active preparations were begun, looking toward a possible\\nsiege. In 1643 the city was fiercely assaulted by the Parliamen-\\ntary army, but the result proved far more disastrous to the be-\\nsiegers than the besieged, and from this time until 1645 many\\nfutile attempts were made to take the city by storm. On the\\ntwenty-seventh of September King Charles, accompanied by his\\nguards, effected an entrance into Chester, where he was enthusi-\\nastically received but on that same fateful day the king, accom-\\npanied by the mayor and other notables, ascended the stairs to\\nthe summit of what is now called Phoenix Tower, where they\\nwitnessed the disastrous defeat of the royal forces under Sir\\nMarmaduke Langdale at Rowton Heath or Moor. The day fol-\\nlowing this bitter disappointment the king succeeded in escaping\\nfrom the city. If you do not receive relief within eight days\\nsurrender the garrison, said the king to his faithful otticer on\\ndeparting. Yet it was not until starvation drove the soldiers\\nand citizens to eat cats, dogs and horses that they entertained\\nthe idea of submitting not until all hope of succor had van-\\nished not until they had received the tenth summons to sur-\\nrender, did the city yield. On the third of February, 1646,\\nChester fell into the hands of the Parliamentary party.\\nThe terrible sweating sickness on several occasions visited\\nthis place, proving exceptionally fatal; and during the years\\nextending from 1602 to 1605 the plague also devastated the city\\nand region round about in a most appalling manner. So great\\nwere the ravages that the fairs Avere suspended and the courts\\nwere removed to other ])laces. In those days the visitations\\nwere thought to be punishments sent by God for the wickedness\\nof the city, but we of the present time would exj)lain the cause", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "Cbester:=on*tbe:=2)ee. 79\\nsomewhat differently. The ravages of the plague were evi-\\ndently largely the result of the short-sightedness, the ignorance\\nand lack of cleanliness on the part of the citizens. Knowledge\\nand recognition of the laws of health and sanitation Avould liave\\ngreatly reduced its fatality. But man is slow to learn, and it is\\nonly in the school of bitter experience that the most important\\nlessons are inculcated. So long as he insists on sitting in dark-\\nness, spurning reason, and revering superstition, he must neces-\\nsarily suffer the consequences of his ignorance.\\nIn the years 1647 and 1648 the plague visited Chester for the\\nlast time, but during this period a fearful mortality marked its\\npresence. More than two thousand died between June and\\nApril. In this connection I must refer to a quaint building\\nwhich is sure to be pointed out to the visitor. It was first built\\nin 1652, and has smce been restored so as to represent exactly the\\noriginal building in all respects. It is called God s Providence\\nHouse, and bears the inscription in bold letters across the main\\nbeam, God s providence is mine inheritance. The natural\\nsupposition which first occurs to the visitor is tliat this ostenta-\\ntious inscription was an outcropping of the canting pharisaism\\nwhich swept over England after the downfall of Charles I; but\\nany intimation of this nature is promptly repudiated by the\\nnatives of Chester, who insist tliat this house was the only resi-\\ndence on Watergate Street wliich escaped the ravages of the\\nplague during the years 1647 and 1648, and in gratitude for the\\ndeliverance the owner placed the pious inscription across the\\nfront of his home.\\nSpeaking of this unique house reminds me of two other build-\\nings of a qvcisi public character which are of interest to visitors.\\nOne is the old Stanley Mansion erected in 1591, which is the best\\nand oldest specimen of ancient timber houses in Chester. A\\nmelancholy interest attaches to the history of this building, for it\\nwas from it that the ill-starred Earl of Derby was led to his exe-\\ncution at Bolton. Tlie other house I have in mind is known as\\nthe Bishop Lloyd Palace, which bears the date of 1615, and is\\nadorned with curious carvings representing a number of sub-\\njects which are supposed to be more or less pious, among which\\nmaybe mentioned Adam and Eve in sinless nudity, Cain\\nkilling Abel, Abraham offering up Isaac, some New Testament\\nconceptions, together with the coat of arms of King James II\\nand that of the worthy bishop.\\nThese places, however, though curious and worthy of atten-\\ntion, are far less interesting than many of the more famous at-\\ntractions of Chester, among which are the celebrated Rows\\nwhich are unique among shops, and about the origin of which\\nthere has been no end of controversv. These Rows consist of", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "60 persons, places an ir^eas.\\nThe following poem of Mr. Clark will awaken an echo in\\nthousands of the most earnest hearts of our land who long\\nto join in the songs of the happy, but who hear so clearly\\nthe cries of the victims under the wheels that their hearts\\ngrow heavy and their voices fail to utter a sound in the\\nchorus of joy.\\nA SoiKj (,f the Period.\\nOh! weave us a bright and cheerful rhyiue,\\nOf our land .vhere the tis tvvv .urows.\\nAnd the air is sweet in the New-Year time\\nWith the breath of the new-born rose.\\nThis niessajie fell while the engine roared\\nBy the wharf at the city s feet\\nWhere the white-winged birds of trade lay moored\\nIn a vast, imnumbered fleet.\\nIt filled my ears as we moved away,\\nAnd the iron wheels rolled on\\nFrom the noisy town and the sobbing bav\\nTo the wilds of Oregon\\nWhere the mountain cloud and the mossy sod\\nAre kissed l)y the self -same rills.\\nAnd the torrents beat like the pulse of God\\nlu the hearts of the ancient hills.\\nAnd I sung of the broad and generous fields\\nThat wei-e fresh with a promise rare;\\nOf the mother-breast that sweetly yields\\nAll life to the people s prayer.\\nBut my soul grew sad with a minor tone\\nFrom the souls of the outcast poor\\nWho begged for work and received a stone\\nAs they tramped o er the lonely moor.\\nTlieii I thought of the land whose faith was sealed\\nBy the blood of the brave and great.\\nOf the strong, fierce bird and the starry shiehl\\nThat guarded the halls of state;\\nBrt the Eagle watched o er the idle geld\\nThat was heaped on the rich man s tioor,\\nAYhHe the gaunt wolf leered at the toiler s fold\\nAnd howled by the poor man s dooi-.\\nI cannot join the old-time friends\\nTu their iiKM-ry games and sports\\nWhile the ph^ading wad of the poor ascends\\nTo the .Judge of the I p))er Courts;\\nAnd I cannot r.ing the glad, free songs\\nThat tlie world around me sings\\nWhile mv fellows move in cringing throngs\\nAt the beck of the gilded kings.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "after Sixt^ l^ears, 53\\nconsidering. By changing the word Whit fir) to ihis poet\\nin the following we have a more graphic and concise char-\\nacterization of James G. Clark than it would be possible for\\nme to give\\nHe has not put his talent out at ])rofitable interest by cater-\\ning totheinsolentandphaiisaicalself-esteeniof the tinies,no5\\nhas he hidden it in the damask of historical common])laces,\\nor a philanthropy too nniviMsal to concern itself wilh par-\\nticular wrongs, the jiractical redressing of which is all that\\nrenders philanthropy of value. Most poets are content to\\nfollow the s])irit of their age as pigeons follow a leaking\\ngrain cart, picking a. kernel here and there out of the dry\\ndust of the past. Not so with [this poet]. From the heart\\nof the onset upon the serried mercenaries of every tyranny,\\nthe chord of his iron-strung lyre clangs with a martial and\\ntrium})hant cheer.\\nMr. (Mark, like William Morris, Mr. Howells, and many\\nothers of our finest contemi)orary thinkers, has become an\\nardent social democrat. rerha]\u00c2\u00bbs he is not quite so extreme\\nin his views as the English poet, but I imagine he holds\\nopinions much the same as those entertained by ^Ir.\\nHowells, and he is even more aggressive than th(^ Anieii-\\ncan novelist, which is saying much, when one considers Mr.\\nHowells fine and brave work of recent years, and es] ecially\\nhis bold satire on i)resent-day injustice, in A Traveller\\nfrom Altruria.\\nIn the ]\u00c2\u00bbresent ])aper I wish to group together a few poems\\nof humanity, written by ^Ir. Clark since he passed his\\nsixtieth mile-post. They are timely utterances, imi)ressing\\nthe great truth so nobly presented by Mazzini that Life\\nis a mission, Life is duty, and similarly expressed by\\nVictor Hugo when he declares that Life is conscience.\\nMr. Clark is one of the poets of the people, and he clothes\\nthe eternal verities of which he s])eaks in simple and\\neffective imagery, sometimes turning to nature, sometimes\\nto the Bible, for his figures. H(M-e is a really noble creation,\\na poem well worthy of living in the i)atriotic heart:\\nFrredoni fi Rfrrillc.\\nThe timo hns pnssod for Mle rest:\\nColumbia, from your shuuber rise!\\nReplace the shield upou your breast.\\nAud cast the veil from off your eyes.\\nAnd view your torn and stricken fold\\nPy ni owlinp- wolves made (^esolate\\nYour honor sold for alien gold\\nEy traitors in your Halls of State.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "82 persons, places anC UDeas.\\nfee afforded him pleasure. This old gentleman looked like one\\naccustomed to play the part of a heavy tragedian in a melodrama.\\nHe had apparently become so thoroughly en rcqyport with the\\ncause of the ill-starred king that no saint could have awakened in\\nhis mind profounder feelings of love and reverence than the\\nEnglish ruler whose life in prosperity Avas as disappointing, to\\nsay the least, as his demeanor in adversity was calculated to\\nsoften the criticism which his pi osperous years would seem to merit.\\nLeaving the tower and continuing our walk, we soon reach a\\npicturesque spot of special interest a little beyond the beaten\\npath which would be taken by those only interested in doing\\nthe city in the shortest possible time. I refer to the ancient\\nwater-tower, erected when the tidal waters of the Dee flow^ed up\\nto the city walls. Here in olden times ships were made secure\\nto great rings and bolts fastened in the massive walls of this\\ntower. Pausing here for a moment to note the silver and green\\nof the river basin and the lowlands once covered with water, one\\nis reminded that for centuries in the long vanished past Chester\\nAvas the principal commercial seaport of North England.* And\\nas a well known author has recently pointed out, that which de-\\nstroyed Chester s commercial supremacy made Liverpool, for it\\nwas not until the upheaving of the estuary of the Dee, accom-\\npanied by the submergence of the forest of Leasow and the\\nhollowing out of the great Mersey harbor, that Chester became\\npractically an inland town and the commercial star of Liverpool rose.\\nLeaving the old water-tower we soon find ourselves walking\\nalong that part of the wall which affords an excellent view of\\nthat wonderful piece of masonry known as the Grosvenor s\\nBridge, consisting of a single arch two hundred feet in length\\nand forty feet high. This is said to be the longest single stone\\narch in Europe with the exception of a bridge on the Danube it\\nis certainly a marvel of beauty and skill, and the view from this\\npoint of the wall is surpassingly beautiful.\\nContinuing our walk we soon reach the famous castle of\\nChester just within the city walls. This building is very notice-\\nable owing to the style of architecture suggesting ancient Greece\\nand Rome it contrasts boldly with the imposing Norman ruins,\\nthe unique architecture of the shopping district, and the hope-\\nlessly prosaic modern buildings which one finds on every hand.\\nProbably the most interesting feature connected with the castle\\nis the old tower. Here, the inhabitants of Chester never fail to\\ntell you. King James the Second received the sacrament during\\nhis stay in the city. But its walls have mtnessed things which\\nmost of our readers would regard as of vastly more importance\\nthan this fact, which I mention simply to illustrate how firmly the\\nSee Encyclopreclia Britannica, ninth edition.", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "Cbe5ter*on*tbe*Dee. 83\\ndivine-right iilea seems to hold a place in the mind of the\\naverage Englishman.\\nTurning from the castle and continuing our walk along the\\nwalls, we soon find ourselves opjDOsite the raj)ids or falls of the\\nlittle river, which for centuries have turned the wheels for the\\ncelebrated mills of the Dee. The mills are to-day, however,\\nrather unsightly buildings, with their numerous broken window-\\npanes and general air of dilapidation.\\nI shall never forget the emotion I experienced on one evening\\nin August, 1894, when standing on this old wall overlooking the\\nDee. The sun was sinking behind the hills, giving a peculiar\\nthough transient brilliancy to the marvellously beautiful land-\\nscape, and lighting up A\\\\dth unusual splendor the few fugitive\\nclouds which floated in the sk3% A shower had passed about\\ntwo hours before, leaving the air fresh and redolent wdth the odors\\nof trees and flowers. In the distance were the hills of Wales;\\nfrom below came the rushing sound of the rapids of the Dee,\\nwhile behind rose the din of the city, now dying away as night\\nstole softly on. The scene was one never to be forgotten, and\\nas I stood upon the solid Avails viewing the ancient thoroughfare\\nwhich had been hewn out of solid rock by the Roman soldiers at\\na time when Christianity was still young, my mind reverted to\\nthe past and I thought of the march of time and the strange\\nvicissitudes of life, and a panorama of events passed before me\\nwhich I shall never forget.\\nUpon the banks of this wonderfully beautiful river and proba-\\nbly on the very site of Chester the ancient Britons lived their\\nrude and careless life. Here the Roman eagles were planted and\\na military camp was established which grew into a city, while the\\nsoldiers of the Empire made this sjjot their home and wedded\\nBritish maidens. Here were built a forum, a public bath, and\\ndoubtless temples to the deities of the Tiber in short, the glory\\nof Roman civilization was reproduced in miniature.\\nThen the scene changed, and I beheld the flower of Chester s\\nmanhood departing for im]ierilled Rome. The bitterness of\\nthat parting was a precursor of a gloomy time for women, maid-\\nens and children. I saw the star of Briton sink and the suprem-\\nacy of the Saxons established even in Chester. Then came the\\nsavage Danes, those sons of war and water, who seized the city\\nbut were shortly after driven from her walls. I saw the noble\\ndaughter of Alfred the Great holding her court in the castle,\\nflushed with love and victory, and listening with swelling breast\\nto the rude songs of valiant deeds.\\nThe scene again shifted, and now it was the Saxon sun which\\nwas setting, and I noted the widowed queen of Harold seeking\\na refuge in this town, which proved to be the last Saxon city to", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "84 persons, places auD HDcas.\\nyield to tlie Conqueror. I saw tlie Normans come and a new\\ncivilization rise on the ruins of British, Roman, and Saxon do-\\nminion. I recalled the fact that at the court of the earls of\\nChester life was lived in much the same careless way that char-\\nacterizes the very rich of our time, although there was less of\\nartificiality on the one hand, while on the other ignorance and\\nserfdom enveloped the masses.\\nI remembered that it was here in 1399 that Richard II. was\\nbrought captive on his fatal journey to the tower of London,\\nand here also Charles the First had witnessed the defeat of his\\nforces less than four years before his execution. I saw the\\nmisery of the jDeople during the years of the sweating sickness,\\nwhich, however, paled into insignificance before the plague\\nwhich visited Chester at later periods. I marked the maich of\\nhumanity with the onward current of the years, the fitful rise of\\nraces, and their fatal falls through failure to grasp and assimilate\\nthe supreme lesson of lessons, which alone holds the secret of\\nenduring civilization, and which is summed up in that mngic\\ntrinity. Freedom, Fraternity and Justice; and I thought how\\nslow of heart is man to learn the august truth noted above and\\nwhich is epitomized in the golden rule. Yet this is the lesson\\nAvhich this city no less than all history teaches. All civilization\\nwill decay and fall until man comes to himself sufticiently to\\nappreciate the fact that any foundation save that of spiritual\\nsupremacy will sooner or later prove shifting sands; all endur-\\ning progress must be grounded on high ethical truths.\\nNever befoie had this thought come home to me with such\\ncompelling force as at this solemn moment. I saw more clearly\\nthan ever ])efore that any nation or civilization which yields to\\nselfism and permits the lower to gain supremacy over the\\nhigher, which turns a deaf ear to the demands of fundamental\\njustice, which ignores the spirit of human brotherhood, and allows\\nthe canker of egoism to corrui)t laws and public opinion, Avill\\nsooner or later go out in darkness. This is the story which is\\ntold by the decay of Roman civilization; indeed, it is tiie capital\\nlesson of all historj^ no less than it is tlie cardinal truth incul-\\ncated by true religion and philosophy. Might may conquer for\\na day. Money may pollute and corrupt and thereby turn aside\\njustice for a time, but right alone possesses the element of per-\\nsistency, and never until man recognizes justice and altruism as\\nthe foundation upon which civilization must be built, will\\nprogress be permanent or happiness become a heritage of\\nhumanity.\\nThese thoughts reminded me of the sadder and more tragic side\\nof life in Chester, for this city is no exception in this respect to\\nother similarly populous centres of life in Europe and America.\\nIn fact it seemed to me that there was here an unusually large", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "(Ibester*on*tf3e*Dee. 85\\npercentage of persons who were eager to obtain the priirUege of\\nearning a few pennies. Here as elsewhere, witliout doubt,\\npoverty is greatly aggravated by the liquor traffic. I have\\nseldom seen a city where there seemed so many inns, cel-\\nlars, and vaults, names designating places where liquor may\\nbe bought, as here; and some of these designating titles were\\npeculiarly suggestive as for example, 1 noticed on one occasion in\\nbold letters the Raven Vaults as a title for what we would term\\nin this country a saloon. The sight of that name instantly arrested\\nray attention as it seemed so appropriate I remembered the\\nraven was popularly considered the bird of ill omen. It is\\nassociated with the idea of misfortune, of misery, and of darkness;\\nas the word vaults is strikingly suggestive of the final resting-\\nplace of the dead. Ill-fortune, misery, and death such were\\nsymbolized by the name of this saloon and I thought how ap-\\npropriate would be such a designation for all places where man\\nis debased and debauched by strong drink. In justice to Chester,\\nhowever, I would say that during my stay of over two weeks\\nI saw comparatively little drunkenness in spite of the great\\nnumber of saloons. The reason, I think, is to be found in the\\nfact that malted drinks rather than stronger liquors are chiefly\\nconsumed. The long rows of homes of the poor, filling many\\nstreets, are characterized as a rule by stone floors Mhich are\\nusually kept scrupulously clean. Another thing I noticed which\\nimpressed me with mingled pleasure and pain was the number\\nof flowers seen on all sides. People who had no giound in\\nwhich to plant their seeds, had their windows filled with com-\\nmon flowers, showing the presence of the innate love of the\\nbeautiful. It made me heartsick to think that the divine im-\\npulse, that intei-ior love of the artistic, should have so little to\\nfeed upon in the narrow confines of wretched streets.\\nI Ijclieve, however, that a better day is at hand for hnmanity.\\nThere may be hours of darkness before us, but surel}^ we are in\\nthe midst of a transition period, and to-day carries greater\\n2:)ossibilities for mankind than any previous birth-eia, for we\\nare on a higher rung of the spiral ladder, and education is more\\ndiffused. Hence I do not despair. I see the horrid inequality\\nand injustice I feel the wrong endured by the people but I\\nknow that the forces of light are working with us, and if we do our\\nduty the day will soon dawn, not for Chester or England alone,\\nbut for the woi-ld. I have faith in freedom and good, wrote\\nJohn Bright during the darkest hours of our Civil War, and so\\nI feel to-da3^ The future is with us, and I believe that before a\\ngeneration has passed the greatest emancipation proclamation\\nof which man lias yet dreamed, will be issued. It is to this end\\nthat all men and women of the new time must consecrate their\\nhisT^hest and noblest endeavors.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "strolls IBc^on^ tbe Malls of Cbcstcr; witb\\nGlimpses of tbe (Tountrv^ Scat of tbc E)uIk^ of\\nMcstintnstcr ant) tbc Iboinc of m. jE\u00c2\u00bb 6lat)*=\\nstone.\\nI. The Dior/enes of the Dee.\\nOn the iiioiniiig of the l22d of August, 1894, our little\\nparty strolled along the banks of the Dee toward the old city\\nwall. We had left behind us the ruins of the church of St.\\nJohn the Baptist and the beautiful Grosvenor l*ark with its\\nvelvet-like carjjet of emerald and its exceptionally luxuriant\\nshrubbery. Owing to the fact that it was somewhat cloudy,\\nwe were debating whether it would be wise to take one of\\nthe steam launches for our long contemplated visit to the\\ncountry seat of the Duke of Westminster, when a weather-\\nbeaten boatuian im})ortuned us to take a sail upon the\\nriver. It will be a tine morning to visit Eaton Hall, he\\nurged in the broad accent of the English laboring man, and\\nit will be helping me if you will let me take you there.\\n1 will not attempt to repeat either here or on the folloAving\\npages the language, nor to imitate the quaint phraseology of\\nthis striking individual who clearly was guileless of any\\nextensive acquaintance with the English grammar, but who\\nwas, nevertheless, a remarkable man. He was an earnest\\nand thoughtful reader and an independent thinker, and I\\nshould say in many respects an excellent type of the sturdy\\nyeomanry who so largely represent the strength of England.\\nI afterwards learned he had saved more than a score of\\nlives from accidental drowning in the treacherous waters of\\nthe Dee; he had also rescued several persons who, under the\\ninfluence of drink, or crushed by adversity, sought the sui-\\ncide s end in the still hours of the night. He was strong\\nlimbed; his face was bronzed with sun and wind his coun-\\ntenance was open and bore a sturdy expression. He must\\nhave been fifty years of age, but was far stronger to all", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "strolls BeponD tbe Malls of Cbester. 87\\nappearances tlian are many pampered sons of wealth at\\nThirty-five. Still, his bowed shoulders and the deep wrinkles\\ntogether with a certain sadness or gravity which seemed to\\ngrace his resolute brow, indicated that his lot in life had\\nbeen by no means easy, and that much anxiety and care\\nhad been mingled in his cup of life. He was quite talkative,\\nvery much of a cynic at times, but frequently his remarks\\nwere exceedingly thoughtful, and more than once he re-\\nflected in a striking manner ideas which 1 had heard ex-\\npressed with less perspicuity by toilers with whom I had\\nchanced to fall into conversation in Dover, London and\\nLiverpool. His outlook on life and public matters, though\\nfrankly given in quaint and homely speech, evinced much\\nof the philosopher, and was so strikingly opposite to the\\nviews held by the owner of Eaton Hall, that I jotted down\\nmuch that passed between us, and will preface my descrip-\\ntion of the palatial country seat of the Duke of West-\\nminister with some of the observations made by our Di-\\nogenes of the Dee.\\nAfter pointing out many places of interest on the banks\\nof the river, something was said of Judge Hughes, the emi-\\nnent English author and his experiment at Rugby, Ten-\\nnessee. The judge is a resident of Chester, and our philoso-\\npher seemed to regard him highly.\\nHe is considerable of a man, he said, and that is more\\nthan can be said of a good many who pride themselves in\\nthe possession of titles and wealth.\\nWe are from America, 1 observed, and you know we do\\nnot care for titles as you do over here, but I would like to\\nknow your opinion of the Duke.\\nThe old man eyed me narrowly a moment and it seemed\\nto me that an incredulous smile played for an instant\\naround his lips at my reference to our contempt for titles.\\nI felt there was a remark upon his lips which might have\\ncalled to mind the exorbitant prices recently paid by many\\ndaughters of our mushroom aristocracy for broken-down\\nlords, dukes and princes, rich only in empty titles, but I\\nfancy his native shrewdness checked him from making a\\nremark which might possibly offend us.\\nAfter a moment s reflection he said, The present Duke\\nis entirely unlike his father, who was very generous and\\ndid more for Chester than any person within my recollec-\\ntion. You have seen his statue in Grosvenor Park? We\\nassented. Well then you know something of the kind of\\nlooking man he was; no one could ever mistake him for his\\ncoachman; but the present Duke [and here our philosopher", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "strolls Bei^onb the Malls of Gbester. 89\\nshook bis head sadlv] is ven* different; lie does not look at\\nall like a man of quality.\\nI observed that looks were sometimes deceptive.\\nI know, he replied, but this is not one of those cases.\\nHe is close, he never ^ives Chester anything to speak of,\\nhe seems to think chielly of himself and his pleasure, al-\\nthough he is anxious to be regarded as a philanthropist.\\nThey say lie has tlie largest rental income from London\\nproperty of any man in England; I don t remember the\\nexact figures, but I have them at home, and it is almost too\\nbig to believe.\\nI have noticed it stated that the Duke is very generous\\nand that he gives all fees from visitors to the palace to\\ncharitable institutions, I observed.\\nNow there is a case in point, said our cynic. You see\\nthe Duke is very proud of his i)alace; it is one of the finest in\\nEngland if not in Euroi)e, and he wants visitors from every-\\nwhere to see it; that satisfies his vanity just as the vanity of\\nother men is satisfied in other ways. But, by charging, for\\ncharity s sake, a shilling to see the palace and a shilling to\\ngo through the gardens and conservatories, he is able to\\nturn over about five hundred ])Ounds a year to the Chester\\nInfirmary. Rhyl Convalescent Home and other like institu-\\ntions. This is heralded far and near as an example of the\\nDuke s generosity, and he is enabled to pose as a philan-\\nthropist, while unthinking peo])le who work and suffer that\\nsuch men as the Duke may s])end their time in luxurious\\nease and idleness in London, Scotland and elsewhere, read\\nthese accounts of his charity and are ready to throw up their\\nhats and shout their praises; but that is only because they\\ndon t think, continued our philosopher in a slow and em-\\nphatic tone. But, he added earnestly, there are\\nmore and more working men in England every month who\\nare learning to reason for themselves, and they say, and\\nrightly say that we don t w^ant the crumbs that fall from\\nthese rich men s tables any longer. We are tired of crawl-\\ning on our hands and knees for the bones and crumbs after\\nwe ourselves have supplied the materials for the feast.\\nThey say give us justice and not charity, and you are from\\nAmerica so you can understand how they feel. They say\\nthat the Duke does not earn his vast income he don t even\\ngo to the trouble of collectino- it. London is increasing the\\nvalue of his property all the time, and without his working\\nhe is ennbled to rean vast fortunes earned by others, while\\nthose who rent his nronerty often have to work hard days\\nand stay awake nights worrying the life out of them to", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "strolls Bcvon tbe Malls of Cbester. \u00c2\u00a9i\\nmake ends meet and pay their rents. They have to cut\\ndown the wa^es of their employees to almost starvation\\npoint and their employees have to skimp and twist and turn\\nand live a dog s life to live at all. Now why should the\\nworkers bear the burdens while society is all the time mak-\\ning this property more valuable and the man who has never\\ndone anything lives in ease and luxury oft of it? That is\\nnot justice, and the people have a right to demand justice.\\nNow I don t mean to say the Duke is worse than many\\nother landlords, and think from what I read and hear that\\nhe is better than a great many of the money-lending class\\nwho are oppressing the people, but the whole system is\\nwrong because it is not just and it is not according to the\\nScriptures, at least that is what these people say.\\nFrom my point of view I think they are right. I replied.\\nDo you think so? I am glad to hear you say that, for I\\nagree with them too.\\nFrom this time on our philosopher was very free in his\\ncriticism.\\nYou spoke just now of the principles being unscriptural,\\nI began.\\nDoes not the Book say, If any will not work neither shall\\nhe eat now what does that imply? he quickly interposed.\\nYes, but that was not the point I had in mind. I wish\\nto know the attitude of the clergy on the great social and\\npolitical problems.\\nThe cynic shrugged his shoulders significantly. I belong\\nto the church, he answered, but I have not attended service\\nfor a long time, because I found out that from the bishops\\ndow^n, tine bonnets and good coats count for more than the\\nheads and hearts of the people. Our clergymen are think-\\ning a good deal more about having an easy time or gaining\\npopularity and having their names appear in the great\\npapers, coupled with fair words, than they are concerned\\nabout the poor and the starving in their midst.\\nThat is undoubtedly true in a large number of cases,\\nT re])lied, but there are many clergymen who are very\\ndifl erent.\\nThere may be enough exceptions to prove the rule I\\nhave given, but I doubt if there would be any to spare,\\npromptly exclaimed the cynic in homely terms and vigor-\\nous tones. Why, there are fifty- three thousand* members\\nof the clergy in (Ireat Britain, not counting the dissenting\\nministers. Now if the INIaster should come as He came of\\n*TVipsp fitnires are those of onr pliilosoplier. and T liave not been able to verify his\\nstatement, so simply give the number as he gave it to us.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "strolls JSci^onb tbe Malls ot Cbester. 93\\nold and He should go to the fishing towns and manufactur-\\ning cities of England and search out the poor and suffering;\\nif He should mingle with them and give words of cheer to\\nthose of our time who correspond to those who were the pub-\\nlicans and sinners of His day, and at the same time should\\nclaim that He was the Lord and simply point to His life,\\nteachings and works as proof of His assertions, do you think\\nthere would be any rusn of bishops in England to follow\\nHim? No sir, I can tell you that if they followed Him it\\nwould be to testify in court against Him just as the Thari-\\nsees and chief priests did of old.\\nI think you are correct in your conclusions, I assented.\\nThe cry would be made by the clergy and the press to-day,\\nas it was by conventional society and orthodox leaders in\\nJesus time, thiit He was a wine bibber and a friend of\\npublicans and sinners, or in a word, di.srcpiitahJe, not only\\nunworthy of confidence but one who was an impostor mak-\\ning impious claims and, being a teacher of things that were\\nfundamentally at variance with the existing social order,\\nHe should be summarily dealt with in order that society\\nmight be protected.\\nThat is exactly it, exclaimed our philosopher, and His\\nvery works would be denounced as imposition upon the\\nignorant, His motives would be judged and condemned, and\\nnot only the clergy and the courts, but the press and those\\nof the masses who do not tJiiul would join in the cry to dis-\\ncredit or destroy Him, just as the Jews did of old. T have\\noften said this, continued the old man, after I have heard\\nour rectors preaching against the Jews for crucifying Jesus,\\nwhile they carefully avoided anything in favor of justice\\nhere and iwn\\\\\\nThere is too much dealing with generalities, too much\\nskilful fighting shy of all remedies of a fundamental charac-\\nter in and out of the church the world over, I said, but\\nhave you not found the dissenters more hospitable to the\\ncause of the poor?\\nI shall never forget the look of contempt which appeared\\nupon the bronzed face of the old man as he shrugged his\\nshoulders in his characteristic way and replied, I never\\nattend chapeh but from what I hear they are all berries off\\nof the same bush when it comes to handling these questions;\\nthey are not anxious to imitate the Master; it would not be\\nsafe. No, I never go to chapel.\\nThis was a striking illustration of the power of religious\\nprejudice over a man who prided himself upon his independ-\\nence of thought and freedom from the trammels of conven-", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "StvoUs :SBc\\\\:on^ tbc malls of Cbcsret. 95\\ntionalisui. His look, toDe and moveineut, far more than\\nhis words, conveyed the scorn and contempt he felt for the\\ndissenters, and 1 could easily understand how little it would\\ntake to fan the hanie of religious prejudice in such as he,\\nuntil reason and justice would count tor naught. The old\\ngentleman soon reverted to Eaton Hall and the family of\\nthe Duke, wdiose ancestors he meantime reminded us, origi-\\nnally aided the Conqueror in robbing the rightful owners of\\ntheir land.\\nThe property of the Earl of Chester was stolen property\\nin the beginning, and the fortune of the Uuke of West-\\nminster is largely the result of laws which have been passed\\nfavoring classes. You see, he continued, these men don t\\nearn the money they get; they don t even hdi) earn it. At\\nsome time in their lives they come into possession of prop-\\nerty which their fathers never earned, and which laws help\\nthem to increase, and they gain certain rights which also\\naid them, bnt their possessions are not the result of their\\nearnings, while a large part of their wealth comes from poor\\nmen and women and children who are compelled to live\\nsuch lives as the moneyed classes would not dream of having\\ntheir dogs or horses live. Now you know that is not right,\\nthat is not just, and it is not according to the teachings of\\nthe Master.\\nClearly I thought our philosopher was not a Tory, wiiich\\nsuggested to mv niind the fact that within a few^ miles of\\nChester lived William E. (Iladstone, the idol of the Liberals.\\nYou have one man living near Chester of whom I suppose\\nyou all feel ])roud.\\nThe philosopher looked up inquiringly. Gladstone,\\nreplied one of our party. Again I noticed the characteris-\\ntic shrug of the shoulders and something akin to contempt\\non his face as he replied, According to my way of thinking,\\nand there are a good many ])eople who agree with me, Glad-\\nstone is the most overrated man in England. He is more\\nof a politician than a statesman. He has been on both sides\\nof nearly every great question that has come up in his time.\\nDoes that look like statesmanship?\\nA sincere man will often change his mind and all great\\nand worthy men will grow, as they advance in life, so as to\\nsee problems in a broader and nobler light than they at first\\nconceived them, I replied. If a man is always true to the\\nfundamental ideals of justice and fraternity, always on the\\nside of the oppressed, in seeking to relieve tlieir suffering by\\ninsisting on the carrying out of the Golden Rule as a law in\\no-overnment no less than betw^een man and man, he is to be", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "96 persons, places auo llDeas.\\nrespected, however mistaken he may be at times. It is\\ntreason to humanity and justice and a disregard to pledges\\nand the sacrifice of fundamental denumds of justice to expe-\\ndiency or policy which are reprehensible in statecraft and\\nwhich deserve our censure. Now does not Mr. Gladstone\\nstand for humanity and progress? is not his pulse always\\nbeating with the heart of justice? I continued.\\nNo, he replied most decisively, that is just the trouble\\nwith Gladstone; the votes to be won by appealing to the pop-\\nular and selfish interests of short-siglited Englishmen have\\nled him to disregard the very things which you say are the\\nessentials of a statesman. Look for instance at his attitude\\nduring your civil war, when John Bright stood for the\\ncause of freedom; where did Mr. Gladstone stand? Now 1\\ndo not believe that Mr. Gladstone would admit for a moment\\nthat he believed that African, or any other kind of slavery,\\nwas right, but it was deemed politic to appeal to the selfi^^h\\ninterests of Englishmen in sympathy with the great cotton\\nstates, and Gladstone did this; but was it the stand which a\\nstatesman would have taken?\\nI could mention several other instances, he added,\\nbecoming (piite earnest as he continu(Hl: It is true he is\\nalways foremost in denouncing inhumanity and cruelty if\\nit is in some foreign country, and there is no danger of his\\nI arty losing by such a stand, but that is not the test of a\\nman s true greatness as I see it. No man knows better than\\nGladstone the real injustice suffered by the working\\nclasses of England to-day, and no one ])rofesses to be moie\\nin sympathy with them; but his party has come under the\\ncontrol of the landlords and the moneyed classes, and there-\\nfore he will not chami\u00c2\u00bbion any great reform of a radical\\ncharacter which would olfend the moneyed classes to whom\\nthe Liberals, no less than the Tories, look for support in\\ncarrying elections. I used to be a Liberal, but they have\\nI ledged reform to the working men too many times, and\\nthen when the real masters object to anything of a funda-\\nmental character they make a flourish of trumpets and fire\\nblank cartridges, but are very careful to do nothing; this\\n])leases their masters and deceives the peo] le who do not\\nthink. The fact is, as T see it, the Liberal ])arty is more\\nanxious to i)lease the rich than the Tories are just at pres-\\nent.\\nYou think that the Libci als have been ca]\u00c2\u00bbtured by the\\nlandlords and lendlords of England, and being a party\\nfounded on democratic ideals and the ancient enemv of\\nenthroned conservatism and wealth, thev are regarded with", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "strolls Be\\\\?on tbe Malls of dbester.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a01\\n97\\nn. (ir.AnsToxK axd his littlt. r.RA iDArr.nTri; TiniMim i.kkw.\\nmore suspi i()n l)y the new masters than are the Tories^\\nwhose principh s are anti-democratic and wiiose long fealty\\nto the rich and titled classes frees them from suspicion\\nwhich rests on the Liberals, I replied.\\nThat is exactly it, returned our philosopher; they feel\\nthat they must out-Herod Herod to satisfy the rich, and on\\nmany points they are less liberal than the Tories. Now T\\ndon t know that T am in favor of Woman s Suffrage, he con", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "98 persons, places auD lIDeas.\\ntinned, but take that as an example. Lord Salisbury is\\nfar more favorable to it than Gladstone, although one would\\nnaturally expect the Liberal leader to champion the right of\\nfi anchise for women, and there are many ollun things which\\n1 might name in which the Liberals are more conservative\\non questions which look toward extending the freedom and\\nbettering the condition of the people, which are being more\\nstrenuously opposed b^^ the Liberals than the Tories. The\\nLiberal party, it seems to me, is very much like Dickens\\nUriah Heep in its attitude toward the moneyed classes.\\nIts very action suggests Uriah s favorite phrase, I am very\\nunible.\\nWell, I said, Gladstone took a brave stand for Ire-\\nland.\\nAnd there again he counted the cost, interposed our\\ncynic. Look at his past record on that question. Parnell\\nwas able to convince him that his little band was indis] ten-\\nsable to Liberal supremacy; a bargain was struck, and had\\nall gone well with rarnell, the programme might have suc-\\nceeded, but as a matter of fact I do not think (Jladstone has\\nsliown true statesmanship in handling the Tiish question;\\na middle course it seems to me, would have been the wisest\\nat the present time at least. Mr. Gladstone favors alto-\\ngether too much for the safety and security of England\\nwlien we remember the geographical position of Ireland.\\nIndeed, here again he considered the success of his party\\nrother than the real interest of England or Ireland in the\\nbargain which he struck with Parnell. Xow if he had\\nshown anything like this zeal in carrying out measures of\\npermanent value in order to secure justice to English work-\\ning men and tenants he would, it is true, have oltV uded the\\nmoneyed classes no doubt, but he would have acted the part\\nof a true statesman and a wise humanitarian, and even\\nthough he might have suffered defeat for a time, Liberalism\\nwould have gained more permanent supremacy in England\\nin the long run. xVt least, that is the way we look at it, and\\ndo you know there are tens of thousands of voters all over\\nthis country who no longer take their ideas from the clergy,\\nthe big papers, or the politicians; they are thinking for\\nthemselves, and you mark my words, at the next general\\nelection the Liberal party will be overthrown. I don t ex-\\npect the Tories will do much better, but it is necessary that\\nthe Liberals be rebuked. The working people, he contin-\\nued, are talking among themselves and doing a great deal\\nof thinking. There are a great many things being w^ritten\\nwhich don t appear in the papers, and w^hich the public don t", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "l.i(C.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "100 persons, places auD 1It)eas.\\ntake iuto account, but some day all this educatioual work,\\nwhich is uuikiug meu think for themselves as never before,\\nwill tell, and the world no less than En iland will be sur-\\nprised at the result; but here we are at the landing. I will\\nremain until jou return; don t hurry.\\nWe stepped from the boat and turned our faces toward\\nEaton Hall. From remarks dropped, which space forbids\\nmy giving-, it was evident that our cynical philosopher had\\nbeen reading much of the literature of social democracy.\\nHe gave us an approximate number of the abandoned farms,\\nogether with the views of writers of considerable reputa-\\nion, showing that the shortsighted course of England in\\npermitting the money-lending classes to dictate her policy\\nhad reacted on the poor at home, as well as the creditor\\nnations abroad, and that even the landlords were now suffer-\\ning in consequence. From the views expressed by others,\\nin various parts of England, no less than his own\\nstatement of the number of those who believed as\\nhe did, I became deeply impressed with the c(;nviction that\\nthere was a tremendous undercurrent of discontent in Eng-\\nland. Tens of thousands have lost faith in the politicians\\nand the partisan press of to-day. They are reading a vast\\namount of literature favoring social democracy, and I be-\\nlieve that while the pendulum will possibly move backward\\nand forward for a time between Liberalism and Toryism\\nyet in England unless there arises, at an early date,\\nsome statesman with the sagacity of Sir Eobert IVel, to\\nmeet the impending crisis as he met the Corn Law agitation,\\nsome startling changes will take place in this island before\\na generation passes,\\nIT. The Country Seat of tJie Dul e of Westminster.\\nThe roadway to Eaton Hall led through a broad expanse\\nof sparsely wooded laud beautifully carpeted with velvety\\ngrass. A large number of deer were feeding near the road,\\nbut took no notice of passing visitors; they seemed as\\ntame as sheep in our ]\u00c2\u00bbastures, Some idea of the extent of\\nthe Duke s domain may be gained when it is i-emembered\\nthat the park in which the palace of Eaton Hall is situated\\nis eight by twelve miles in area.\\nWe first entered the gardens; a scene of beauty never to\\nbe forgotten opened before us. The extensive conserva-\\ntories were marvellous in their color effects, and although\\nthe air was tropical and heavy with mingled perfumes we\\nwere tempted to linger some time in the midst of the artifi-\\ncially tropical region in which the prodigality of nature", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "strolls :Beix^u tbe Malls of (Ibesteto -Oi\\nin her color effects was so conspicuous. One of oui- parly\\nobserved that if a quantity of the dowers which were taumg,\\nwere cut and daily sent to the side in and out t\u00c2\u00bbf the iiospitais\\nat Chester and thereabouts, the cost would be small, while\\nnumbers of hearts and homes would be brightened and\\nsubtly refined. The great fruit conservatories were also\\ninteresting; here peaches, plums and pears, no less tluin\\ngrapes, were trained as vines along great walls and loadinl\\nwith their luscious products.\\nThe Duke must enjoy the flowers and fruit, I suggested\\nto a gardener.\\nHe is not here much of the time to enjoy them, was\\nthe reijly; at present he is in Scotland, but he lives in Lon-\\ndon, and is here but a few months in the year.\\nThinking how much the weary invalids, not four miles\\ndistant, would enjoy the luscious peaches and gra])es which\\nwere hanging ui these vines, we turned into the palace,\\nwhich I will not attemjtt to describe at length, contenting\\nmyself with brief descriptions of some typical rooms.\\nEaton Hall is a noble edifice, displaying in a most striking\\nmnnner what the resources of modern art can do when great\\nwealth is at command. The duke is said to be the richest\\nnobleman in England. He has certainly expended vast\\nsums in the most lavish manner on this magnificent country\\nseat. Probably one of the most striking rooms of the ])al-\\nace is the Grand Saloon. This apartment, which in reality\\nis an extension of the great central hall, presents a most\\nin)])osing prospect from every side, impressing the visitor\\nwith the scale of grandeur which pervades the interior of\\nthe building no less than the charm of nature, heightened\\nby the cunning hand of art, which is api)reciated the mo-\\nment one looks out of the great windows of the saloon. A\\nstriking feature of the intei-ior decoration is H. Stacy\\nMark s panoramic ])aintings of (Muiucer s Canterbury Pil-\\ngrims. The strength of this work lies in the marked indi-\\nviduality of the characters represented rather than in its\\ncolor effects, which indeed seemed to me to be indifferent;\\nthe artist, however, has achieved a real trium]ih in the life-\\nlike qualitites which characterize the numerous individuals\\nrepresented. The vaulted ceiling of the room will attract\\nthe attention of the visitor whether or not he feels, as T did,\\nthat it was somewhat out of harmony with the other decora-\\ntions in the room. It is treated nftor nn East Indian dosisn,\\nthe centre being a representation of the sun surrounded by\\nstars, all treated in gold on nn azure baclcground. The\\nmantel-piece in this apartment is especially rich and effect-", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "102 persons, places au^ 11 eas.\\nive; but of ail the show rooms of the pahice, the oue which\\nimpressed me as being the most harmonious in treatment\\nas it was also the most attractive, was the library. This\\ngreat hall, which is ninety-two feet in length and thirty feet\\nin width, is richly furnished and contains more than twelve\\nthousand volumes. Two immense mantel-pieces are noble\\nspecimens of tine wood-work and are in perfect keeping\\nwith the general treatment of the room, which throughout\\nis rich and delightfully harmonious. A very interesting\\ndecorative feature is found in five large historical paintings\\nby Benjamin est, among the most interesting of which are\\nOliver Cromwell Dissolving the Long Parliament, Charles\\nII Landing in Dover, and The Death of General Wolfe on\\nthe Heights of Abraham. In this connection I would men-\\ntion among the art treasures of Eaton Hall, several life-\\nsize portraits of the Grosvenor family executed by some of\\nthe most eminent portrait painters, including ^^ir John\\nMillais there are also some pictures attributed to Rubens.\\nBefore leaving the palace we paused for the second time\\nwithin the Chapel; here, as elsewhere, we were impressed\\nwith the lavish ex])enditure of money. The lofty tower of\\nthis chapel is fully one hundred and seventy-five feet in\\nheight; it contains a chime consisting of twenty-eight bells,\\nthe largest weighing two and a half tons. The interior of\\nthe edifice is very impressive with its handsome stained-\\nglass windows through which the sunlight was Hooding the\\nrich furnishings from the many colored panes.\\nAs 1 stood there I was reminded of some remarks made by\\nour philosopher al)out Jesus, and I wondered how the lowly\\n]S azarene,in whose honor this edifice was ostensibly erected,\\nwould have felt had He been there fresh from London,\\nwhere without a place to lay His head He had shared the lot\\nof thousands of out-of-works who niglitly sleep on the stone\\nembankment along the Thames. I knew, judging from\\nthe life He lived in Palestine, that had he stood in the aisles\\nof this magnificent chapel. His serene brow would have\\nborne a look of mingled sorrow and indignation. I fancied\\nHe would have felt something of the unutterable sadness\\nwhich He experienced when he wei\u00c2\u00bbt over Jerusalem, and\\nsomething of the withering indignation which marked His\\nspeech when He uttered His terrible woes against those\\nwho devour widow s homes and for a pretence make long\\nprayers.\\nIII. Hawarden on a Fete Day.\\nDuring our stay in Chester w c visited Hawarden, the\\nhome of William E. Gladstone, the man whom I believe", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "strolls JBevouD tbe Malls of Cbester. 103\\nto be the most ardently loved and the most thoroughly\\nfeared aud disliked amoug the statesiueii of Englaud. Ha-\\nwarden is six miles east of Chester across the borders of\\nWales, and the visitor who takes a cab or the tram-car\\npasses through one of those horrible little towns which are\\ngiven over to mining or manufacturing, so frequently en-\\ncountered in England. The sight of the bare, dirty houses\\nand the barren aspect of things on every side cannot fail to\\ncast a gloom over the mind. I remember that the oppres-\\nsion occasioned by the sight of this town spoiled to a great\\ndegree the enjoyment we would otherwise have derived\\nfrom the beautiful scenery which lay beyond, especially the\\nWelsh hills, clothed in that purple haze, the charm of which\\nmay be felt but can never be described, which rose in the\\ndistance. The village of Hawardeu was gorgeously arrayi.^d\\nin holiday attire in honor of the fete at Hawarden manor-\\nhouse, and throngs were constantly arriving from remote\\nparts of England, reminding one of pilgrims visiting the\\nshrine of a saint. To obtain a glimpse of the face of the\\nGrand Old Man seemed to be a consummation devoutlv\\nwished, and if perchance the visitor might hear his voice,\\nthat indeed would be something for him to dwell upon when\\nhe reached home and narrated again aud again to his wife,\\nhis children and the more or less envious neighbors, the\\nstory of this great event in his sombre life. The ardent\\nadmiration entertained l)y thousands of visitors, no less than\\nthe enthusiasm everywhere manifested by the inhabitants\\nof Hawarden, contrasted most boldly with the opinions ex-\\npressed by our Diogenes of the Dee.\\nTlie wonderful magnetic power exerted by the remarka-\\nble nian who has played so important a part in the drama of\\nEnglish politics, reminded me of the enthusiasm which\\nmarked the cam])aign when :Mr. lilaine ran for the i.resi-\\ndency. I remember that while the press of ]Massachusetts\\nwas anything but enthusiastic in his support, he received\\nsuch an ovation when he spoke in Boston as few men have\\never enjoyed. Henry Clay was another great figure in\\nAmerican politics who awakened the same intense enthu-\\nsiasm on the part of the masses which Mr. Blaine exerted,\\nduring the aggressive i\u00c2\u00bberiod of his career, and which Mr.\\nGladstone has long wielded throughout England. I know\\nof no living statesman who calls forth anything like the\\nsame degree of admiration, confidence and love of his\\npartisans as does Mr. Gladstone. This intense lovalty,\\nwhich in cases almost amounts to blind devotion, always\\nbegets bitter enmity. The Tories of England make a very\\nblack indictment when they enumerate the real or supposed", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "1*^^ persons, places aiiO fl^eas.\\nshortcomings of the idol of the Liberals, while the Social\\nDemocrats, who have come out largely from the Gladstone\\nparty, aud which I think are rapidly growing in numbers\\neven though they lack as yet the power which comes witii\\nunion and leadership, regard him in various degrees of dis-\\nfavor, ranging all the way from sincere regret that he can\\nnot or will not see the necessity for fundamental social\\nchanges, to open contempt, no less marked or intense than\\nthat expressed by the most ultra Tories.\\nOn the da} we visited Haw^ardeu the vast multitude which\\nwas assembled was not only rewarded by seeing Mr. (ilad-\\nstone but their joy was increased by hearing him deliver a\\nbrief address, and the cup of joy was filled to overtlowiiig\\nwhen little Dorothy Drew, the petted granddaughter of the\\ngreat statesman, appeared before them waving her handker-\\nchief in response to their thunderous applause. I regret\\nthat it was impossible for us to see the aged statesman\\nowing to the illness of one of our party.\\nHa warden, like Chester, has a wonderful history. It was\\na Saxon stronghold l)efore the Norman conquest, and was\\nceded to Hugh Lupus after the creation of the earldom of\\nChester. Situated almost on the border between England\\nand Wales, it has been the scene of many exciting and\\nimportant episodes in the annals of English history, Tn\\n104.5 Charles I found temporary refuge liere after his flight\\nfrom Chester, but the cnstle afterwards fell into the hands\\nof the I^arliamentary forces and was subsequently almost\\ndestroyed. From the })resent ruins, which date back to the\\nthirteenth century, one obtains a fine view of the Dee valley.\\nFor a period of two hundred years Hawarden belonged to\\nthe famous Stanley family, but subsequently it was pur-\\nchased by (^hief Justice Glynn, and in 1874 passed into the\\nfamily of Mr. Gladstone.\\nThe old castle is less interesting, perhaps, than the pres-\\nent mansion where resides the eminent Liberal leader. The\\ngreat library of Mr. Gladstone consists of more than ten\\nthousand volumes, and is free to the residents of Hawarden,\\nwho have merely to register their names and the dates when\\nthey borrow the volumes. A large orphanage, liberally\\nsupported by Mrs. Gladstone, is found a short distance\\nfrom the mansion, and speaks of the warm heart of that\\nmost estimable lady. The park in which the castle and\\nmodern mansion are situated is exceedingly beautiful, and\\ncontrasts strongly with the home environments of the vot\u00c2\u00ab^rs\\nwho go to make up the bone and sinew of the Liberal party\\nof Encland.\\nThat Mr. Gladstone has failed to irrasp the real meaning", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "strolls Bc\\\\?ou^ tbc Malls of Cbester, los\\nand sii;iiitieance of the social discontent of our times, I think\\nis iHKjuestionablj true; that he has failed to rise to the\\nhei ;hts which would have enabled him to see the rising of\\nthe new social order which must replace the present as\\nsurely as centralized government supplanted feudalism, is\\nin my judgment equally obvious. That his position on many\\nquestions, as woman s enfranchisement for example, is\\ndistinctly opposed to the onward current of the best thought\\nof our age is clearly apparent; but that in spite of his short-\\ncomings his is a manly and noble figure, we must in justice\\nconcede, and be our views what they may in regard to Mr.\\nGladstone as a statesman, the ersonal and Inmie life of the\\nman challenges the sincere admiration of all lovers of sturdi-\\nness and comjtarative siiuplicity, in an age when those in\\nelevated stations are living a life permeated with artificial-\\nity and where too many of our reputed great men are vying\\nwith each other in wanton luxury and selfish indulgence.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "Mlntcr 2)a\\\\)0 in 3^ori^a or (Bltinpscs of Xtfe\\nIn tbc Xan^ of tbe flDagnolia, tbe \u00c2\u00a9range anb\\ntbc palnu\\nI am writing by an open window overlooking the Halifax\\nRiver. On the opposite bank, somewhat to the left, is Daytona,\\nwhile on the right is the picturesque hamlet of Holly Hill,\\nboth in full view. It is the 8th of March, and the weather is\\nideal; a delightful breeze has been blowing since daybreak;\\nthe air is soft and balmy as that of a June morning in the North.\\nAt eight o clock this morning a small tiotilla, consisting of two\\nmodest-sized steamboats, two naphtha launches and a sail-boat,\\npassed my window. They came from Daytona and were bound\\nfor a -j^icturesque little fresh-water stream some distance north,\\nwhich bears the quaint Indian name of Tomoka. The merry\\nshouts and rollicksome laughter which came from the excursion-\\nists indicated that the multitudinous cares, anxieties and sorrows\\nwhich shadow life had been banished for a few hours, and that\\npleasure and the beauties of nature were to be enjoyed with that\\nwholesome abandon which is seen only when man escapes from\\nthe thraldom of conventionalism and draws near to Nature.\\nAs these little vessels, freighted with human loves, hopes and\\ndesires, passed from view, I involuntarily thought of that long-\\ndeparted day when canoes, carrying the careless children of\\nanother I ace, passed to and fro over the slow-moving Halifax\\nwhen the stalwart red man trod the sands by the sea, fished in\\nthe ocean and the river, gathered wild fruit, and hunted game in\\nthe forests. I thought of that distant day, now about four cen-\\nturies removed, when excited warriors brought strange stories\\nof tbe coming of wonderful men from over the sea, whose faces\\nwere white, whose clothing was gay as the flowers which car-\\npeted the forests, and who claimed to be messengers of the", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "g\\n^1^\\n.^.;r\\nr\\nJ\\nii^\\nr", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": ";iW- \u00c2\u00bb%,if^", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "Minter Ba\\\\^6 in 3flon a. 109\\nGreat Spirit. Doubtless some who heard these wonder stories\\nshook their heads and laughed derisively, for human nature is\\nthe same in all ages. Others there were who, wishing to probe\\nthe mystery, were impatient to march northward in search of\\nthe strangers, who, if found, were to be interrogated, that they\\nmight know whether the god-men came as friends or foes.\\nThere were lovers then as now upon the banks of the Halifax\\nRiver; and I doubt not that many an Indian maiden heard the\\nstrange rumor with mingled wonder and apprehension, followed\\nby an oppressive, nameless dread, for woman s mind is ever\\nmore intuitive than man s. But gone are the hopes and fears of\\nthis people. And to-day only a small remnant of the race that\\nhunted and fought over the Hower-decked sands of Floridaremains.\\nThe laughter and song of the old joyous times come to us as the\\nperfume of their legends, and little more than tradition and\\nstory are left,* coupled with the quaint and oftentimes musical\\nnames which they gave to rivers, inlets and streams.\\nThe Halifax River is in reality a tide- water lagoon of half a\\nmile in width. Into its waters empty many fresh- water streams\\nwhich are exceedingly beautiful. The Tomoka, to which I have\\nalluded, is perhaps the most popular. Its channel is sufficienth^\\ndeep to permit boats to run several miles up its narrow, serpen-\\ntine course. At a picturesque landing a few miles from its\\nmouth a large, delightful log-cabin, with an immense old-\\nfashioned fireplace, has been built in the midst of a wild scene\\nof tropical tangle-wood almost a jungle. Here picnic parties\\nmay be seen almost daily in an abandon of natural enjoyment.\\nStaid men of business and women of brilliancy and culture for-\\nget the solemn dicta of conventionality and become boys and\\ngirls again for a few brief hours. It is im])ossible for pen or\\ncamera to do justice to the beauties of the Tomoka. And yet\\nthis stream is only one of many equally picturesque though less\\nnavigable which empty their fresh waters into the salty Halifax.\\nSince the day Ponce de Leon landed in quest of the Fountain\\nof Youth, Spain, France, England and the Republic of the West\\nhave claimed, occupied, fought for, or sought by purchase to ob-\\ntain this home of the magnolia, the orange and the palm. And\\nyet there are probably few places which at first sight are so dis-\\nappointing to tourists as Florida. The absence of the closely\\nknit grass sod of the North, and the omnipresent sand, impress\\nthe stranger very unfavorably.\\n*A few only of Seminole Indians remain. They dwell chiefly in the extreme\\nsouthern part of the inhabitable region of Florida. They are divided into small\\nbands of a few scores in number, the small remnants of once mighty tribes.\\nThese bands are presided over by chiefs as in olden days, and the title in some\\ncases seems to be handed down from father to son. Thus, one band is to-day ruled\\nby Tallahassee, another acknowledges Tiger Tails, while the son of this chief is\\ndesignated Little Tiger Tails. Sometimes they seem to borrow appellations from the\\nwhite nian which are more realistic and characteristic than romantic thus one of\\nthe chiefs bears the name of Billy Bowlegs.", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2091", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3255", "width": "2072", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3275", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "3\\nk;.. j.^^_._,., i_\\nVI\\nL..\\n1\\n^.^A^-^. 1", "height": "3275", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "_ 1\\ni\\n|ni |1", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "minter Bavs in flori^a. in\\nThe winter of 1895 will long be remembered as a most disas-\\ntrous season to the Floridans, no less than it has proved disap-\\npointing to Northern tourists. The frosts, being the most severe\\nknown for over half a centur} have Avrought havoc not only\\nwith the more tropical fruits, but with all trees belonging to the\\ncitron family, and many other less tropical plants have suffered\\nseverely. The ever ])resent groves of oranges, grape-fruit, limes,\\nlemons and citrons, guiltless of leaf, flower or fruit, tell a tragic\\nstory of loss and ruin to patient, unremitting industry while for\\nthe tourist the state without the beauty of the orange trees, in\\ntheir glory of leaf, flower and fruit, is shorn of one of its chief\\nattractions.\\nOn previous visits to Florida my most southern points were\\nSt. Augustine and Palatka. This winter I came to Daytona and\\nthe Halifax Peninsula. Here the destruction wrought by the\\nfrost is everywhere discernible, but it has failed to rob this\\nregion of its beauty. The tall palmetto, the gaunt live-oak,\\ndraped in southern moss, the bay, magnolia and pine, together\\nwith numerous evergreens, shrubs and underbrush, clothe the\\nearth in green, and with the soft and balmy atmosphere make\\none unconscious that it is yet winter, and would enable us to\\nforget the frosts of the past few months, were we not continually\\nreminded of them by the bare branches of the orange, lemon and\\nlime trees, and the guava, oleander and many other shrubs.\\nHalf a mile from where I am writing the waves of the ocean\\nare beating against the most magniflcent beach it has been\\nmy fortune to see. This morning I spent some time upon its\\nwarm white sands. There were enough clouds floating in the\\nsky to prevent the sun from being unpleasant. A number of men\\nand Avomen were revelling in the delights of sea-bathing in water\\nwarmed by the Gulf Stream.\\nThe ocean ever exerts a strange, undefinable, fascinating influ-\\nence over my mind. I never tire of watching its ever changing\\naspects or listening to its soft crooning, its impressive murmur-\\ning, its solemn warning, its mad threatening and its measureless\\nfury. To-day, after enjoying the pleasure of the sea-bathers, I\\nseated myself upon the sand and yielded to the fascinating spell of\\nthe ocean, and as the lights and shadows fell upon the waves I was\\nreminded of Victor Hugo s descrii)tion of the sea, when an exile\\non the coast of Guernsey, and I felt the kinship of soul and the\\nsubtle relation of man to nature as those flne descriptive lines\\ncame into my mind in which the poet speaks of the ocean, with\\nits ebb and tiood, the inexorable going and coming, the noise of\\nall the winds, the blackness and translucency peculiar to the\\ndeep the democracy of the clouds in full hurricane the won-\\nderful star risings, reflected in mysterious agitation by millions", "height": "3275", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "4 J\\nt.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "Minter IDa^s in jflonba. 119\\nof luminous Avave-tops confused heads of the multitudinous\\nsea the prodigious sobbings, the half-seen monsters, the nights\\nof darkness broken by bowlings then the charm, the mildness,\\nthe gay white sails, the songs amid the uproar, the mists rising\\nfrom the shore, the deep blue of sky and water, the useful as-\\nperity, the bitter savor which keeps the woi-ld wholesome, the\\nharsh salt without Avhich all would putrefy that all-in-one, un-\\nforeseen, and changeless; the vast marvel of inexhaustibly vai-ied\\nmonotony. I know of no finer characterization of the varying\\nmoods of the ocean than these graphic lines and if one is seated\\nupon the beach or in view of the sea their full force comes home\\nto the brain in an indescribably vivid manner.\\nThe beach, which extends along the Halifax Peninsula in one\\nunbroken stretch for over twenty miles, is destined to be one of\\nthe most famous in the Western World, It is one long, contin-\\nuous slope of smooth, white sand, so firmly packed by the incom-\\ning and outgoing waves that along the lower slopes it is almost\\nas firm as an asphalt pavement, and thus affords unsurpassed\\nfacilities for driving and bicycling. At high tide, and especially\\nafter the sea has been rough, numerous many-tinted shells, from\\nthe nautilus and conch to the tiny sea clams, whose many tinted\\nprotecting cases are not unlike two petals of a dahlia s blossom, are\\nstrewn along the line which marks the water s highest limit; but\\nbelow, the sand is smooth and firm. Early dawn, the reflected\\nglory of the sunsets, the moonlight effects, and the mystery which\\never seems a part of the darkness of the deep are never-ending\\nsources of pure delight to all artistic natures. I have seen\\nnothing which equalled the splendor of the ocean and sky at\\nsuch times, except at Ostend on the North Sea.\\nBut, while speaking of sunsets, I cannot forbear mentioning\\nthe gorgeous panoramas which I have witnessed almost nightly\\non the Halifax River. Here in the foreground we have the tall\\npalmettos, so thoroughly tropical in their appearance, and the\\ngaunt live-oaks, draped in southern moss, very beautiful, but pre-\\nsenting a somewhat weird appearance. Beyond lies the river,\\nsmooth as glass and half a mile in width, and on the further\\nside the forests of palmetto, oak, pine and other trees, inter-\\nspersed with villas, and behind that the flame of the setting sun,\\nvaried from time to time with marvellous cloud effects the\\nAvonderful reflections in the water, iridescent and luminous, re-\\nvealing various shades of russet and gold, scarlet and crimson,\\nsilver and blue, all combine to make scenes of beauty so\\nentirely transcending words that in their presence one desires\\nsilence, that the mind may yield to the exquisite pleasure and\\nfeel the mystic spell of the divine, inspired by these matchless\\nsymphonies of color.", "height": "3275", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "L-.\u00e2\u0084\u00a2- JR//i", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3275", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "Miutcr iDavs in 3flont)a. 123\\nThe sea-beach opiiosite Halifax, and due east of Daytona,\\naffords delightful bathing all the year round. I noticed through\\nFebruary that the waters Avhich are warmed by the Gulf Stream\\nwere of a delightful temperature, far warmer than I have known\\nthe Atlantic even in midsunnner on the Massachusetts coast;\\nand many persons availed themselves of the opportunities for\\nsurf-bathing. But this is an all-the-year-round beach; it is rap-\\nidly becoming the most pojiular summer resort for Floridans of\\nmeans. For at Halifax, Sea Breeze and Silver Beach, which\\nextend along the Peninsula opposite Daytona, not only is the\\nbathing all that could be desired, but the breezes from the ocean\\nand the river keep the atmosphere deUghtfully tempered in summer\\nand render the nights invariably cool and refreshing. This is the\\nuniversal testimony of all who have summered here.\\nA very interesting colony of liberal-minded thinkers is being\\nestablished at Halifax, under the direct auspices of Helen Wil-\\nman Post, the well-known leader of the evolutionary school of\\nmetaphysical thinkers; Mr. C. C. Post, the able author of\\nDriven from Sea to Sea, Congressman Swanson, and other\\nthoughtful social and economic studies and Mr. C. A. Ballough,\\na fine large-hearted nature, whose sincerity and frankness are only\\nequalled by liis passion for justice. These people are building\\nwhat will probably some day be known as the City Beautiful,\\nwith broad avenues and boulevards, made hard Avith shells,\\ngrassed on either side and lined with palmettos and other sub-\\ntropical trees. The exjjeriment is unique, and will, I believe, re-\\nsult in bringing to this wonderfully favored spot many men and\\nwomen of culture and refinement, whose taste and means will\\nfurther beautify the place, which is inviting in summer and winter\\nalike, and upon which nature has bestowed so much in the way\\nof beauty and attractiveness.\\nDaytona lies one mile from the ocean, on the west bank of the\\nHalifax. It is reached from the beach by fine shell driveways\\nwhich cross the half mile of the Peninsula, and two bridges which\\nspan the river. Of Daytona it is ditticult to say too much when\\ndescribing the beauty of the place. I have never seen a town\\nof like size which impressed me as being so beautiful. Its\\nhouses, for the most part, evince excellent taste. They are\\nmodern, and are kept well-painted and in first-class repair. In\\nthese respects it contrasts most favorably with the majority of\\nSouthern towns; and its streets and some of the roads lead-\\ning from the town are made of marl or shells and consequently\\nare smooth and hard. A strip of land grassed and carpeted w ith\\nwild flowers extends between the street- way and the sidewalk, and\\nalong these are planted palms, live-oaks, magnolia and other ever-\\ngreen trees. I know of no boulevai-d more bewitchingly beauti-", "height": "3275", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "r^wrp-^frrnr^\\n\u00c2\u00abi\u00c2\u00bb\\nu^\\n.\u00e2\u0080\u00a2o^\\n?i^^-", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "w^^", "height": "3275", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "f w^\\nTHE I ALMETTO IN BLOSSOM.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "miutcr iDa^3 in iflori^a. 127\\nful than Ridgewood Avenue in Daytona, with its great live-oaks,\\nheavily draped in Southern moss, its palmettos, magnolias and\\nother varieties of semi-tropical trees, which form a deeply shaded\\nvista, while on either side are beautiful and well-kept homes.\\nVolusia Avenue, and indeed all the streets excepting Beach,\\nwhere at present extensive improvements are being made on the\\nwater front, are models of neatness and as beautiful as they are\\nstriking to the Northern eye, unaccustomed to tropical vege-\\ntation.\\nBefore closing this paper I must say a Avord about the flow-\\ners and fruits for which F lorida is justly noted. The varieties\\nof flowering trees and shrubs, as magnolia, orange, palmetto\\nand oleander, are very numerous, and though the sands of this\\nstate are unfriendly to most kinds of grasses, it can truthfully\\nbe said that they favor the multitudinous flowers of many colors\\nand gorgeous hues which flourish in wood and field. On the\\nHalifax Peninsula the chief fruits have been the orange, lime,\\nlemon, grape-fruit, citrons, kumquat, guava, mulberry, Japanese\\nplums, strawberries, mulberries, peaches, pears and grapes.\\nSome pineapples and bananas are also raised here, but these\\nflourish better further south, where are found in abundance the\\ncocoanut and bread-fruit.\\nFlorida has been frequently termed the Italy of America. I\\ndo not think the points of resemblance are suflicient to warrant\\nthe appellation. Both lands are peninsulas, extending south-\\nward; each can lay claim to a mild and genial chmate, pro-\\ntected from the severity of the northern blasts, and tempered in\\nsummer by the ocean breezes; each can boast of being the home\\nof the citron family and other semi-tropical fruits but when we\\ncome to note the points of difference between the peninsula\\nAvhich has so largely moulded our present civilization and our\\nown Land of P^iowers, I think we shall find far more instances\\nin which they are radically unlike than those in which there is\\nany substantial likeness. Yet each holds charms peculiar to it-\\nself, and, with regard to Florida, I think it is safe to say that\\nin spite of her recent disaster her star is rising.\\nI will close this sketch with a charming little poem written\\nby Mr. C. C. Post and entitled\\nM00XL1(4HT ox THE HALIFAX.\\nNight on the river. The moon rides hij^h.\\nThe sea-breeze aa liispers. tlie pine trees sigh,\\nThe reeds on tlie river banks are aquiver.\\nAnd the clouds :ire lilve dreams in the mooidit sl^y.\\nA girdle of diamonds in silver set.\\nCrossed and broidered with bands of jet.\\nFrom the other shore where the palm-trees stand\\nIs clasped at my feet by the shining sand.", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "E OBAKGE KLOSSOM.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "M\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0ifii/\\n^^jj.\\n;s OF FLORIDA. MAGNOLIA BU", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "130 ipersons, places an^ fl^eas.\\nAmi over the waters of silver and jet.\\nAnd between the banks Avhere the palm-trees ris\\nFloat other clouds, like the clouds in the skies-\\nFloat white-winged boats with their light sails set.\\nAnd lovers clasp hands neath the white sails set.\\nAnd loves are told, and a beautiful dream\\nOf life atloat on love s beautiful stream\\nIs dreamed, as they sail through the silver and jet.\\nAnd I say it is well that the moon rides high;\\nWell that fleecy clouds fleck the moonlit sky;\\nThat the river is banded, with diamonds set.\\nEnd)ossed and embroidered in silver and jet;\\nWell that tall palms on its banks arise;\\nWell that the pine tree whispers and sighs;\\nTliat the tide lifts up, with its furtherest reach,\\nIts lijts. to the shells on the shining beach;\\nTliat lovers, afloat on its waters, seem\\nForever afloat on love s beautifid stream\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nAnd tis Aveli that I sit by the river and dream.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "1Rclu3iou5 thought In Colonial S)av^6 as flDir**\\nrorc^ in poeti\\\\ anb Song,\\nThe transition of religious thought from the austere\\nseverity of the Reformation and the unquestioning ac-\\nceptance of papal authority, which marked a still earlier\\nperiod, to the broad and truly catholic principles of moral\\ngovernment enunciated in the Sermon on the Mount, is\\nbecoming more and more pronounced Avith the passage of\\neach succeeding decade. But so gradual has been the drift-\\ning that a vast majority of thoughtful peo2)le within the\\npales of the Church are scarcely conscious of the change\\nmuch less do they appreciate how surely the still small voice\\nfrom the nameless mount in Galilee is overpowering the\\nthunderous tones of Niccca in Bithynia, which for more\\nthan fifteen centuries have controlled Christendom. Indeed,\\nthis grand transformation is being accomplished so naturally\\nand so steadily that it is only at intervals, when some\\ngreat divine in a popular church dares to think aloud, and\\nvoice that which is felt in the inmost soul of thoughtful\\npeople, that a ripple is caused on the placid water a ripple\\nwhich extends from mind to mind in an ever-broadening\\ncircle as, for example, when so eminent a churchman as\\nCanon Farrar declares in favor of restoration a master\\nbrain like Professor Briggs announces that man may find\\nGod through the Bible, the Churchy or through Reason;\\nwhen a leading divine like Dr. Lyman Abbott pronounces in\\nfavor of Evolution or yet, again, when a great church like\\nthe Methodist, after a severe battle for the infallibility of\\nNew Testament inspiration, relegates the Pauline injunction\\nrespecting women to its proper place among the dead and\\noutgrown ideas of ancient Grecian thougiit. At such inter-\\nvals as these, religious circles are for a time more or less\\nconvulsed; but a few years vanish, and the disturbers are\\ncanonized. iNIeanwhile humanity continues a steady, unin-\\nterrupted ascent.", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "132 persons, places auD UDeas.\\nThe spiiitual growth of our jjeople remincb nie of a trav-\\neller, j Mirneying from the sea toward some lofty mountain\\nrange for mau}^ miles the ascent is so gradual that he is\\nunconscious of any material rise. After passing a few low\\nhill ranges he is aroused to the fact that he is rising materi-\\nally above the wave-washed lowlands. It is not, however,\\nuntil he turns toward the sea, and casts a glance into the\\nfar distance, that the fact that the ocean is many thousands\\nof feet below him, dawns on his mind. In like manner, so\\ngradual, so natural, so irresistible have been the complex and\\nmultitudinous causes which have lifted Christian thought to\\na higher and diviner plane that it is only by examining\\nancient landmarks that we can fully appreciate the progress\\nwhich has been made. Perhaps nothing will better illustrate\\nthis fact than poetry and hymnology of the past, and no\\nspot affords a more striking illustration of this evolution of\\nChristian thought than New England. The hymns which\\nwere sung with great fervor and feeling two hundred years\\nago, and the poetry which found greatest favor with the\\nstern. Puritanical spirit of that age, thrills the average\\nChristian of to-day with horror; and it is difficult for him\\nto believe that any considerable number of persons ever\\nbelieved that at the helm of the universe stood a Being\\nso relentlessly despotic, so cruelly savage as the God our\\nfathers most devoutly worshipped and in whom they had\\nmost implicit faith. Poems exceedingly popular among\\nultra-religionists two centuries ago, would be branded impious\\nand sacrilegious by almost all Christians to-day, as will be\\nreadily seen when we examine some specimens of the poetry\\nand sacred songs which were not only current but exceed-\\ningly po[)ular.\\nOne of the most famous clergymen who flourished in\\nMassachusetts in the latter half of the seventeenth century\\nwas Eev. Michael Wiggles worth, a graduate of Harvaid\\nUniversity and the author of numerous widely read theolog-\\nical works in prose and poetry. His most celebrated poetical\\nwork was entitled The Day of Doom, a poem of the\\nlast judgment. The first edition of thi^ work consisted\\nof eighteen hundred copies, which wa\u00c2\u00ab exhausted within\\na year of its publication something very remarkable when\\nit is remembered that books were rare in those days,\\nand New England was sparsely settled. The first edition.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "TRelioious ITbouoFDt in Colonial H)a^s, i33\\nhowever, was only sufficient to whet the appetites of our\\ncolonial fathers. The work reflected perfectly the con-\\nception which a very large number of devout people enter-\\ntained of God hence edition after edition was quickly sold.\\nNot less than nine editions of this work were sold in New\\nEngland in early times. It was also twice republished in\\nEngland. From a commercial point of view it was the most\\nremarkable success in the history of colonial literature, as it\\nis stated that, next to the Bible and the almanac, more copies\\nof The Day of Doom were sold than of any other work\\nin colonial times. This success must have rested chiefly on\\nthe popularity of the thought contained, as, aside from weird\\npoetic flashes now and then present, the literary quality of\\nthe work is far below mediocrity. The book was bound in\\nsheep exactly like the binding employed for Bibles and\\nhymn-books of the period. Each page bore marginal notes,\\ngiving the passages of Scripture which suggested the scene\\ndescribed. With these facts in mind, let us examine some\\nverses from the poem. In the opening lines Mr. Wiggles-\\nworth describes the Judgment Day\\nBefore his throne a trump is blown,\\nProclaiming the day of doom:\\nForthwith he cries, Ye dead arise,\\nAnd unto the judgment come.\\nNo sooner said, but tis obeyed;\\nSepulchres opened are\\nDead bodies all rise at his call,\\nAnd s mighty power declare.\\nThe saved are then judged, or rather their salvation is thus\\ndescribed\\nMy sheep draw near, your sentence hear, which is to you no dread,\\nWho clearly now discern, and know your sins are pardoned.\\nTwas meet that ye should judged be, that so the world may spy\\nNo cause of grudge, when as I judge and deal impartially.\\nKnow therefore all, both great and small, the ground and reason why\\nThese men do stand at my right hand, and look so cheerfully.\\nThese men be those my Father chose before the world s foundation,\\nAnd to me gave, that I should save from death and condemnation.\\nThe elect having thus been disposed of, Jesus turns to\\nthose who were not of the company chosen for Him by God\\nbefore the world s foundation. After dealing with various\\nclasses of sinners in a manner which might well excite the\\nenvy of an Oriental despot whose heart had long been steeled", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "134 persons, places ant 1I^eas.\\nagainst all the divine emotions, Christ proceeds to judge\\nthose Avhose lives had been pure, holy, honest and upright,\\nbut whose greatness of soul had rendered it impossible for\\nthem to grovel before a God represented by His most zealous\\nfollowers as infinitely more brutal and cruel than the worst\\nman born of woman. The scene described is characteristic of\\nthe thought of the age, and when reading it one ceases to\\nwonder that witches Avere hung in Salem, or that Roger\\nWilliams was banished from the Massachusetts Colony; for\\na firm belief in such a God would naturally inspire persecu-\\ntion. This is the picture as seen through the poetical\\nspectacles of the reverend gentleman\\nThen were brought nigh a company of civil, lionest men\\nThat loved true dealing, and hated stealing, ne er wrong d their\\nbrethren\\nWho pleaded thus, Thou knowest us that we were blameless livers;\\nNo whoremongers, no murderers, no quarrellers nor strivers.\\nJesus admits that they have been all they claim, but\\nproceeds\\nAnd yet that part, whose great desert you think to reach so far\\nFor your excuse, doth you accuse, and will your boasting mar.\\nHowever fair, however square your way and work hath been,\\nBefore men s eyes, yet God espies iniquity therein.\\nYou much mistake, if for their sake you dream of acceptation:\\nWhereas the same deserveth shame and meriteth damnation.\\nThis picture of infinite injustice, however, pales into in-\\nsignificance before what follows. Dr. Wiggiesworth had a\\ncase to make out; it was a bad case; it outraged every\\ninstinct of justice and love in the fibre of manhood, but he\\nhad the audacity bravely to face the issue; and though we\\ncannot praise his logic, we are forced to admire his courage.\\nThis is the fate he describes awaiting millions of little buds\\nof humanity who passed from life in infancy\\nThen to the bar, all they drew near who dy d in infancy,\\nAnd never had or good or bad effected pers nally.\\nBut from the womb unto the tomb were straightway carried,\\nOr at the last e er they transgrest who tlius began to plead:\\nIf for our own transgression, or disobedience.\\nWe here did stand at thy left hand, just Avere the recompense;\\nBut Adam s guilt our souls hath spilt, his fault is charged on us:\\nAnd that alone hath overthrown, and utterly undone us.\\nNot we, but he ate of the tree, Avhose fruit was interdicted:\\nYet on us all of his sad fall, the punishment s intlicted.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "IRelioious Uboucjbt in Colonial Ba^^s. 135\\nHow could -we sin that had not l)een, or how is his sin our\\nWithout consent, which to prevent, we never had a pow r?\\ngreat Creator, why was our nature depraved and forlorn\\nWhy so detiPd, and made so vil d whilst we were yet unborn\\nBehold we see Adam set free, and sav d from his trespass,\\nWhose sinful fall hath spilt us all, and brought us to this pass.\\nCanst thou deny us once to try, or grace to us to tender.\\nWhen he finds grace before thy face, that was the chief offender?\\nJesus is then represented as replying in the following\\nlanguage\\nWhat you call old Adam s fall, and only his trespass,\\nYou call amiss to call it his, both his and yours it was.\\nHe was design d of all mankind, to be a puljlick head,\\nA common root, whence all should shoot, and stood in all their stead.\\nHe stood and fell, did ill ov well, not for himself alone,\\nBut for you all, who now his fall, and trespass would disown.\\nIf he had stood, then all liis l)rood, had been established\\nIn God s true love never to move, nor once awry to tread:\\nWould you have griev d to have received through Adam so much good,\\nAs had been your for evermore, if he at first had stood\\nSince then to share in his welfare, you could have been content.\\nYou may with reason share in his treason, and in the punishment.\\nYou sinners are, and such a share as sinners may expect.\\nSuch you shall have; for I do save none but my own elect.\\nYet to compare your sin with their who liv d a longer time,\\n1 do confess yours is much less, though every sin s a crime.\\nA crime it is, therefore in bliss you may not hope to dwell;\\nBut unto you I shall allow the easiest room in hell.\\nThe glorious king thus answering, they cease, and plead no longer:\\nTheir consciences must needs confess his reasons are the stronger.\\nHaving disposed of the sheep and goats, the worthy divine\\nnext lingers on the field of victory and despair much as a\\nbee lingers over the honey cup of a fragrant flower. While\\nhis observations were intended to illustrate the majesty and\\nvengeance of offended Deity, they cannot be considered\\ncomplimentary to either the head or heart of Jesus.\\nXow what remains, but that to pains and everlasting smart,\\nChrist should condemn the sons of men, which is their just desert;\\nOh rueful plights of sinful wights! oh wretches all forlorn:\\nT had happy been they ne er had seen the sun, or not been l)orn.\\nYea, now it would be good they could themselves annihilate,\\nAnd cease to be, themselves to free from such a fearful state.\\nO happy dogs, and swine and frogs: yea, serpent s generation,\\nWho do not fear this doom to hear, and sentence of damnation!\\nWhere tender love men s hearts did move unto a sympathy.\\nAnd bearing part of others smart in their anxiety;\\nNow such compassion is out of fashion, and wholly laid aside:\\nNo friends so near, but saints to hear their sentence can abide,", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "136 persons, places an Hbeas.\\nThe godly wife conceives no grief, nor can she shed a tear\\nFor tlie sad fate of her dear mate, when she his doom doth hear.\\nHe that Avas erst a husliand pierc d with sense of wife s distress,\\nAVhose tender heart did bear a part of all her grievances,\\nShall mourn no more as heretofore because of her ill plight\\nAlthough he see her now to be a damned forsaken wight.\\nThe tender mother will own no other of all her numerous brood.\\nBut such as stand at Christ s right hand acquitted through his blood.\\nThe pious father had now much rather his graceless son should lie\\nIn hell with devils, for all his evils, burning eternally,\\nThan God most high should injury, by sparing him sustain;\\nAnd doth rejoice to hear Christ s voice adjudging him to pain.\\nWho having all both great and small, convinced and silenced,\\nDid then proceed their doom to read, and thus it uttere d.\\nYe sinful wights, and cursed sprites, that work iniquity,\\nDepart together from me forever to endless misery;\\nYour portion take in yonder lake, where fire and brimstone flameth:\\nSuffer the smart, which your desert as its due wages claimeth.\\nWhat? to be sent to punishment, and flames of burning fire.\\nTo be surrounded, and eke confounded with God s revengeful ire!\\nWhat to abide, not for a tide these torments, but forever:\\nTo be released, or to be eased, not after years, but never.\\nOh fearful doom! now there s no room for hope or help at all:\\nSentence is past which aye shall last, Christ will not it recall.\\nThere might you hear them rend and tear the air with their outcries:\\nThe hideous noise of their sad voice ascendeth to the skies.\\nThey wring their hands, their caitiff hands, and gnash their leeth for\\nterrour\\nThey cry, they roar for anguish sore, and gnaw their tongues for\\nhorrour.\\nBut get away without delay, Christ pities not your cry:\\nDepart to hell, there may you yell, and roar eternally.\\nDy fain they would, if dv they could, but death will not be had.\\nGod s direful wrath their bodies hath for ev r immortal made.\\nBut who can tell the plagues of hell.\\nThe lightest pain they there sustain more than intoleralile.\\nBut God s great pow r from hour to hour upholds them in the fire,\\nThat they shall not consume a jot, nor by its force expire.\\nCan the imagination of enlightened man in this day con-\\nceive anything more ferociously barharous and inhuman or\\nunjust than this picture of the judgment and yet the phe-\\nnomenal success of this poem is a most eloquent commen-\\ntary on the attitude of religious thought in Massachusetts\\nin the seventeenth century, and enables us better to under-\\nstand a public sentiment which tolerated the Blue Lavys or\\npermitted cruel religious persecution. The hymns of this\\nage were also in perfect touch with this friglitful system of\\nthought; and though the progress of eliminating those", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "IRelfGious Xlboiujbt In Colonial H)a^s. 137\\nwhich voiced the most savage and brutal conception has\\nbeen steadily carried on as humanity grew in intelligence\\nand enlightenment, and as the diviner instinct became more\\npotent, it has not been long since hymns which any wise and\\nloving Deity might reasonably regard as blasphemous were\\nsung with great zeal by those who believed they were the\\nvery elect of heaven. I have in my possession two volumes\\nof Dr. Watts hymns, edited by Rev. Samuel AVorcester,\\nD.D., and Samuel M. Worcester, A.M. one published in\\n1850, the other in 1853 by Crocker and Brewster of Boston,\\nwhich well illustrate the tenacity with which the savage\\nconception of God held its place in the Church. In these\\nvolumes we find hymns breathing forth hate in every line\\nhymns in which the singers are represented as craven, in-\\nsane and terrified culprits, striving to appease a relentlessly\\ncruel God, uttering fulsome flattery in one bi-eath and dilat-\\ning on His infinite vengeance in the next. To the thought-\\nful reader at the present time, these hymns seem more like\\nthe incoherent ravings of madmen than the utterances of\\nsane reasoning beings. Indeed, it is a marvel to me that\\nall who possessed loving hearts and active brains, and who\\nbelieved in this nightmare of eternal despair, did not be-\\ncome madmen. Take^,, for example, the following\\nMy thoughts on awful subjects roll,\\nDamnation and the dead;\\nWhat horrors seize the guilt}- soul,\\nUpon a dying l)ed.\\nLingering about these mortal shores,\\nShe makes a long delay;\\nTill, like a Hood with rapid force,\\nDeath sweeps the wretch away.\\nThen, swift and dreadful she descends\\nDown to the fiery coast,\\nAmongst abominable fiends,\\nHerself a frighted ghost.\\nThere endless crowds of sinners lie.\\nAnd darkness makes their chains:\\nTortur d with keen despair, they cry;\\nYet wait for fiercer pains.\\nXot all their anguish and their blood\\nFor their old guilt atones;\\nXor the compassion of a God\\nShall hearken to their o;roans", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "13S Persons, places an 1[^eas.\\nHere is another companion lijmn\\nAVith holy fear, and lunnble song.\\nThe dreadful God our souls adore;\\nReverence and awe become the tongue,\\nThat speaks the terrors of His power.\\nFar in the deep, Avhere darkness dwells,\\nThe land of horror and despair,\\nJustice has built a dismal hell,\\nAnd laid her stores of vengeance there.\\nEternal plagues and heavy chains,\\nTormenting racks and hery coals,\\nAnd darts, t intiict immortal pains,\\nDy d in the blood of damne d souls.\\nTliere Satan, the first sinner, lies,\\nAnd roars, and hites his iron hands;\\nIn vain the rebel strives to rise,\\nCrushed ivith the weight of both thy hands.\\nTheir guilty ghosts of Adam s race\\nShriek out, and howl beneath thy rod:\\nOnce they could scorn a Saviour s grace,\\nBut they incens d a dreadful God.\\nTremble, my sonl, and kiss the Son:\\nSinner, obey thy Saviour s call;\\nElse your damnation hastens on.\\nAnd hell gapes wide to wait your fall.\\nBelow, the pious author of a once popiiLar hymn, found in\\nthe collection before referred to, gives us a graphic pen pict-\\nure of God as seen by his mental vision\\nHis nostrils breathe out fiery streams;\\nAnd, from his awful tongue,\\nA sovereign voice divides the flames.\\nAnd thunder rolls along.\\nThink, O my soul, the dreadful day.\\nWhen this incensed God\\nShall rend the sky, and burn the sea,\\nAnd fling his wrath abroad\\nWhat shall the wretch, the sinner do?\\nHe once defied the Lord!\\nBut he shall dread the Thunderer now,\\nAnd sink beneath his word.\\nTempests of angry fire shall roll,\\nTo blast the rebel worm,\\nAnd beat upon his naked soul\\nIn one eternal storm.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "1Relioiou5 Ubouobt in Colonial JDa^s, i39\\nOriginal sin and the degradation of manhood, the direct\\nopposite of the incoming religious thought of to-day, Avere\\nfavorite themes with the hymnologist of other days. Let\\nus imagine our great congregations of to-day singing the\\nfollowing\\nBackward, with humble shame we look\\nOu our original;\\nHow is our nature dashed, and 1n-oke,\\nIn our first father s fall!\\nTo all that s good averse, and l)lind,\\nAnd prone to all that s ill\\nWhat dreadful darkness veils our mind I\\nHow obstinate our will!\\nConceived in sin, O wretched state,\\nBefore we draw our Ijreath,\\nThe first young pulse Ix gins to l)eat\\nIniquity and death.\\nHow strong in our degenei ate blood\\nThe old corruption reigns!\\nAnd mingling with the crooked flood,\\nWanders through all our veins!\\nWild and unwholesome, as the root,\\nWill all the branches be:\\nHow can we hope for living fruit,\\nFrom such a deadly tree\\nWhat mortal power, from things unclean\\nCan pure productions bring\\nWlio can command a vital stream,\\nFrom an infected spring\\nThese examples of the poetry which enjoyed wonderful\\npopularity, and voiced the austere religious thought of\\ncolonial days, may help us to appreciate the ocean-wide\\nexpanse between the dominant religious thought at the time\\nwhen Cotton Mather delivered his eulogy over the body of\\nRev. Michael Wigglesworth and the present, when the pas-\\ntor of the most famous Congregational church in America\\ndeclares in favor of evolution, and a learned professor in\\none of the greatest Presl)}i;erian theological colleges pub-\\nlicly affirms that men can no longer shut their eyes to the\\nfact that the Bible contains errors which no man has been\\nable to explain away and also that there are three sources\\n*InauKm-al address by C A. Briggs, on authority of the Holy Scriptures. Charles\\nScribuers Sons.", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "140 persons, places an 1I^eas.\\nor fountains of divine authorit}-, The Bible, the Church,\\nand Reason. So gradually, hoAvever, has this wonderful\\nevolution taken place, and so multitudinous have been the\\neducational agencies which have steadily lifted man into a\\nhigher sphere of thought, that it is only when we examine\\nthe history and literature of a vanished age that we are able\\nto appreciate the progress which has been accomplished, or\\njjroperly appreciate the spirit of the past. Religio7i is evolv-\\ning as is humanity. What was orthodoxy yesterday is blas-\\nphemy to-day. What is heterodoxy to-day is orthodoxy to-\\nmorroiv. The history of religious evolution is a tedious and\\noften disheartening narrative, and so also is the story of\\nlife s evolution and the rise of man from the savageiy of\\nCentral Africa to the development of a Hugo but the story\\nin each instance is inspiring, for the trend is upivard. The\\nstar goes before. The road ever leads to higher altitude.\\nJesus came, a luminous life, radiant with love, rich in divine\\npit}^ and strong in moral grandeur but His simple teaching\\nsoon became mazed in Grecian philoso})liical and metaphor-\\nical thought and colored with the many-hued opinions of the\\nRoman world. Doubtless this Avas owing to the fact that\\nhumanity was not yet ready for the divinely simple code of\\nethics which Jesus lived as well as taught. The idea of\\nhuman brotherhood, which was a central i)rinciple in His\\nteachings, and which was nowhere better exemplified than\\nin His life, has had small influence over the world, but to-\\nday it is taking hold of the hearts of the thinking millions\\nas never before. Literature is rife with the thought. It\\nmay be said to be the dream of the millions and the very\\npresence of this dream as much as aught else affords a rea-\\nson for the nnrest and discontent of the age, which chafes\\nunder galling bonds, the injustice and inhumanity of which\\nwere not appreciated until this divine ideal came i^ito the\\nlives of the people. Some good people to-day yearn for the\\nreligious atmosphere of colonial days, seeing in them only\\nthe enchantment and glamour which distance not infre-\\nquently lends to scenes rugged, harsh and revolting, and not\\nreflecting that religious thought of the kind and character\\nwhich ins})ired our fathers, naturally gave birth to narrow-\\nness, bigotry, intolerance and persecution. Indeed, to-day\\namong those who are now giving their attention to the out-\\nside of the cup and platter, and who seek to restore the", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "IReliaious Ubouobt in Colonial Daps. i4i\\nancient Sabbath, we see the same spirit of persecution and\\ndetermination to force every one to hoiv to their conception of\\nwhat is right which enthralled human thought, crushed\\nhuman rights, destroyed human happiness, and checked the\\nmarch of progress and intellectual development for genera-\\ntions. It may have been necessary for humanity to pass\\nthrough this dark stage in her development but to attempt\\nto resurrect the past and mingle its spirit with the present,\\nwould be to chain a corpse to the living, to make turbid the\\nclear flowing stream of pure religion by injecting into its\\nlimpid waves the blood-dyed current of a savage and unde-\\nveloped past. The new conception of religion is grandly noble.\\nIt holds as a cardinal truth the doctrine of human brotherhood.\\nIt squares all things by absolute justice. There is no old-time\\nterror in its glance as it peers into the future, and even if at\\ntimes it doubts, it does not dread it is established in the con-\\nviction that the trend of life is upward. If God is love, and\\nif God is spirit. He will draw all souls by the magnetic at-\\ntraction of love unto His own pure heights, as the sun calls\\nfrom the ground the budding plant and by its wonderful!}^\\nsubtle power calls from it stores of wealth in bloom and fruit.\\nIt recognizes every law based on absolute and unswerving\\njustice, and exj^ects no miraculous interposing to save any\\nman from the result of sin, crime, or vice, which it holds to\\nbe as inevitable as the law which holds in place the plane-\\ntary system but it eliminates all Oriental ideas of a venge-\\nful despot controlling a world of eternal torment awaiting\\nany soul who may have in his being the germ of immortal\\nlife. The new idea is leavening society; but to-day, as in\\nthe days of Jesus, it is most potent outside the temples of con-\\nservatism. It appeals to the common j^eople and to the intel-\\nlectually emancipated with irresistible force while those who\\nare enslaved within the walls of form, rite and conventional-\\nism, and they who to-day correspond to the Scribes and\\nPharisees of Jesus time vainly attempt to stay its onward\\nsweep. The forces which are working for tlie new ideals in\\nreligion are as numerous as they are resistless. They will\\ntriumph in the coming daj^, and in their triumph we shall see\\na higher and truer civilization than has yet visited the world\\na civilization in which ethics will be married to intelli-\\ngence, and LOVE instead of craft will pulse through the soul\\nof enlightened man.", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "Some Social UDcals Ibclb b^ Dictor Ibiujo,\\nFob many generations to come the AA ritings of Victor Hugo\\nwill inspire man in his struggle for a larger and truer life, because\\nthey are vivitied by conscience. They are more than the works\\nof an intellectual genius; the quality of human sympathy is\\neverywhere present, while not infrequently the prophet or seer\\npresents fundamental facts in which the lessons of history and\\nthe wisdom which alone can exalt humanity are condensed into\\na few electric sentences which thrill the heart and burn great\\ntruths into the reader s brain.\\nAll subjects affecting the happiness of man or the elevation of\\nthe race were as personal to Hugo as though they vitally con-\\ncerned his dearest friend. Thus when the news readied Europe,\\nthat sentence of death had been passed on John Brown, the poet\\nwas affected as though his own son had been condemned. He im-\\nmediately Avrote an appeal for the prisoner s pardon, as eloquent\\nand prophetic as it was earnest and impressive. In it he uttered\\nthese words, Avhich are thoroughly characteristic of the man and\\nhis work Has a cry of pity time to make itself heard It\\nmatters not, our duty is to raise our voice.\\nOn May 13, 1839, while witnessing La Esmeralda in a\\nParisian theatre, word was brought to Hugo that Barbes had Ijeen\\ncondemned to death for the part he had taken in an insurrection.\\nHurriedly entering the green room, the poet wrote a few lines to\\nLouis Philippe, making a touching allusion to the death of the\\nlittle Princess Mary and the recent birth of the Comte de Paris.\\nThis appeal for the pardon of a fellow-man was as follows\\nOh, by the chikl that is gone, fled away like a dove,\\nOh, by the prince that is born, and claims your sweet love,\\nThe tomb and the cradle their messages send,\\nBe gracious! show mercy! and pardon extend.\\nThe message moved the king to tears, and the petition was\\ngranted.\\nThese illustrations reveal the breadth or universality of the\\njjoet s sympathy. Humanity in misery or sorrow ever moved\\nhim with that divine mother-love impulse which is the keynote", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "Social 1I^cal5 of mictor IfDuoo. i^3\\nin the anthem of hiimanit^^ s redemption, Les Miserahles is\\nmore than one of tlie noblest works of fiction Avhicli the world\\nI^ossesses, it is a remarkable social study, a prayer for a higher\\nicieal of justice, a heart-cry for a more humane public spirit, a\\nnoble picture of the divine in man and of the possible evolution\\nof the child of an advei se fate from an embittered Ishmaelite to\\nthe personification of a noble manhood, made luminous by loving\\nself-sacrifice. But Victor Hugo went much farther than merely\\nstating unjust conditions and portraying the actual working of\\nunjust laws. He had an intellectual breadth rare among prophets\\nand reformers, which enal)led him fully to appreciate the im-\\nportance of employing multitudinous agencies in oi-der to correct\\nthe monstrous social evils which exile joy and crush out hope.\\nHe was not, however, blind to the fact that there are certain\\nbroad lines upon which civilization must move if justice, liappi-\\nness and progress are to Avait upon her footsteps. He knew that\\ntyranny might reside elsewhere than in royal j^alaces, and that\\ndespotism was as fatal to happiness and development if it mani-\\nfested itself through a narrow, intolerant pojDular spirit as if it\\nemanated from a throne. He realized that the brain of man\\nmust not be fettered by the slavery of a mediocrity Avhich still\\nworshipped in the graveyard of the past, with its face turned\\naway from the dawn. In a word, he saw with projjhet vision\\nthat/ /-e (7o;?imust always be the handmaid oi Just ice; that liberty\\ncannot be exiled from the side of progress if the ha2)])iness and\\nthe moral and intellectual develoi)ment of men are to mark the\\nnew time which his keen perception clearly discerned, and for\\nthe early advent of which he labored with unflagging energy.\\nThis truth is of paramount importance at the present time, for\\ncivilization is facing a social revolution which will mark a new\\nera for man, provided thoughtful and sincere reformers, Avho love\\njustice more than they value their lives, are wise enough to see\\nthat no threads of a possible despotism enter the fabric of the\\nnew social order. This danger was perfectly api)arent to Victor\\nHugo, and he frequently pointed out the all-important truth that\\nlasting j^rogress without freedom is an utter impossibility\\nHe who is not free is not a man. He who is not free lias no siylit, no\\nknowledge, uo discevumeut. Freedom is the apple of the eye, the\\nvisual organ of progress, and to attempt, because freedom has inconven-\\niences and even perils, to produce civilization Avithout it, would be like\\nattempting to cultivate the ground without the sun.\\nIn the presence of the grave social wrongs Avhich oppress the\\npeople on every hand, there is danger that shallow^ expediency\\nmay at times come betAveen the public and the ideal of progress\\nAvhich is Avaited upon by freedom no less than justice; and this\\ncan be a\\\\ erted only by holding firmly to those things Avdiich ai-e", "height": "3244", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "i-^-t persons, places auD H^eas.\\nso fundamental!}- right that they compass the full requirements\\nof justice without destroying the free development of the indi-\\nvidual. Victor Hugo, though one of the most ardent and radical\\nsocial reformers of his da}-, uttered a solemn note of warning\\nalong this line thirty years ago. He pointed out the danger lurk-\\ning in the theories of a school of socialistic thinkers who weut to\\nthe barrack for a pattern of government, instead of recognizing\\nthe root source of social misery and removing it by the estab-\\nlishment of just conditions, while guarding liberty and fostering\\nindividual development. On this point, which impresses me as\\nbeing of transcendent importance, he made the following thought-\\nful observations, thus setting forth his conception of true social-\\nism and avowing himself to be a socialist\\nWhat an aim to construct the people! Principles combined with\\nscience, all possible quantity of the absolute introduced by degrees into\\nthe fact, Utopia treated successively by every mode of realization by\\npolitical economy, by philosophy, by physics, by chemistry, by dynamics,\\nby logic, by art; union gradually replacing antagonism, and unity re-\\nplacing union; for religion, God, for priest,the father, for prayer, virtue,\\nfor field, the whole earth, for language, the word, for law,tlie right, for\\nmotive-power, duty, for hygiene,labor, for economy, universal peace, tor\\ncanvas, the very life, for the goal, progress, for authority, freedom, for\\npeople the man. Such is the simplification. And at the summit the\\nideal. The ideal! stable type of ever-moving progress.\\nThe transformation of the crowd into the people profound task!\\nIt is to this labor that the men called socialists have devoted themselves\\nduring the last forty years. The author of this book, however insignifi-\\ncant he may be, is one of the oldest in this laboi-. The Last Day of a\\nCondemned Prisoner dates from isjs, and Claude Geux from 1834.\\nIf he claims his place among tlicsc iiliilosuphers it is because it is a\\nplace of persecution. A certain liaticil of sncialism, very blind but vei y\\ngeneral, has raged for fifteen or sixteen years, and is still raging most\\nbitterly among the influential classes. Let it not be forgotten that true\\nsocialism has for its end the elevation of the masses to the civic dignity,\\nand that, therefore, its principal care is for moral and intellectual culti-\\nvation. The first hunger is ignorance; socialism wishes, then, above all,\\nto instruct. That does not hinder socialism from being calumniated\\nand socialists from being denounced. To most of the infuriated trem-\\nblers who have the public ear at the present moment, these reformers\\nare public enemies; they are guilty of everything that has gone wrong.\\nCertain social theories, very distinct from socialism as we understand\\nit and desire it, have gone asti-ay. Let us discard all that resembles the\\nconvent, the barrack, the cell and the straight line. To give a new shape\\nto the evil is not a useful task. To remodel the old slavery ivould be stupid.\\nLet the nations of Europe beware of a despotism made anew from mate-\\nrials which to some extent they have themselves supplied. Such a\\nthing, cemented with a special philosophy, might easily endure. We\\nhave mentioned the theorists some of them otherwise upright and\\nsincere who, through fear of a dispersion of activities and energies,\\nThese quotations are taken from different parts of Victor Hugo s wonderful work\\nWilliam Shakespeare, an excellent translation of which has been made by Prof. M,\\nB. Anderson and published by A. C. McClurg Co., Chicago, 111.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "Social 1[t)eal5 of mictor 1bugo. i^-^\\nand of what they call anarchy, have arrived at an almost Chinese\\nacceptance of absolute social centralization. They turn their resigna-\\ntion into a doctrine. Provided man eats and drinks, all is right. The\\nhappiness of the beast is the solution. But this is a happiness which\\nothers might call by a different name.\\nWe dream for nations something besides a felicity made up solely of\\nobedience. The bastinado sums up that sort of felicity for the Turkish\\nfellah, the knout for the Russian serf, and the cat-o -nine-tails for the\\nEnglish soldier. Let thenc inrohmfayy iihilosophers of a i:)ossible despot-\\nism reflect that to indoctr/inili the hkissis (K/ninst freedom, to allow appe-\\ntite and fatalism to yet a Imid iijuni thr miuds of men, to saturate them\\nwith materialism and e-cpone t/n-m to the re. ^idts this would be to under-\\nstand progress in the fashion of that worthy man who ap])lauded a new\\ngibbet and exclaimed, Excellent! We have had till now only an old\\nwooden gallows; but times have changed for the better, and liere we\\nare with a good stone gibbet, which will do for our children and our\\ngrandchildren!\\nThe issue involved is so momentous that the profound truths\\nuttered in this warning shoukl receive that cahii, thoughtful con-\\nsideration which characterizes true statesmanship and marks the\\nprophet who is also a philosopher.\\nWhile pleading eloquently for breadth and a due appreciation\\nof liberty when reformers sought to bring about a wider measure\\nof justice, Victor Hugo recognized the necessity for a union of\\nthose who loved humanity, truth and progress, against en-\\nthroned and soulless conservatism. At the point now reached\\nby the social question, he exclaims, all action should be in.\\ncommon. Isolated forces frustrate one another. The hour has\\nstruck for hoisting the AH for all. Another thought mipres-\\nsively presented by our author was the sacred trust imposed by\\nduty upon high-thinking men and women. There are those in\\nlife to-day wdio much resemble the hyena, the tiger, the fox, the\\nvulture and the cormorant. There are others avIio are drones in\\nthe hive of life. Perhaps we cannot reach these persons by\\nappeals to conscience any more than Ave can the spaniels Avho\\nfawn at the feet of avarice, but men and women of conscience\\nwill find themselves thrilled by these noble words\\nTo live is to have justice, truth, reason, devotion, probity, sincerity,\\ncommon sense, right and duty welded to the heart. To live is to know\\nwhat one is worth, what one can do and should do. Life is con-\\nscience.\\nThere is something beyond satisfying one s appetite. The goal of\\nman is not the goal of the animal. A moral lift is necessary. The life\\nof nations, like the life of individuals, has its moments of depression;\\nthese moments pass, certainly, but no trace of them ought to remain.\\nMan, at this day, tends to fall into the stomach; man must be replaced\\nin the heart, man must be replaced in the brain. The brain this is the\\nbold sovereign that must be restored! The social question requires\\nto-day, more than ever, to be examined on the side of human dig-\\nnity.\\nThought is power. All power is duty. Should this power enter into\\nrepose in our age Should duty shut its eyes And is the moment", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "146 persons, places ant) 1lC eas\u00c2\u00bb\\ncome for art to disarm Less than ever. The human caravan has\\nreached a high plateau; and, the horizon being vaster, art has more to\\ndo. This is all. To every widening of the horizon, an enlargement of\\nconscience corresponds. We have not reached the goal. Concord con-\\ndensed into felicity, civilization summed up in harmony that is yet\\nfar off.\\nGreat is he who consecrates himself! Even when overcome he re-\\nmains serene, and his misfortune is happiness. No, it is not a bad thing\\nfor the poet to be brought face to face with duty. Duty has a stern like-\\nness to the ideal. The task of doing one s duty is worth undertaking;\\ntruth, honesty, the instruction of the masses, human liberty, manly\\nvirtue and conscience these are not things to disdain. Indignation\\nand compassion for the mournful slavery of man are but two sides of the\\nsame faculty; those who are capable of wrath are capable of love. To\\nlevel the tyrant and the slave what a magnificent endeavor Now the\\nwhole of one side of actual society is tyrant, and all the other is slave.\\nA grim settlement is impending, and it will be accomplished. All\\nthinkers must work with that end in view.\\nConsecration of self to the cause of human brotherhood that\\nis the august duty which confronts the awakened conscience.\\nThe poet points out the supreme need, and then pLaces the re-\\nsponsibiHty on the individuaL This is not pleasant to the self-\\nloving nature. It is easy to place the blame elsewhere, but until\\neach individual has made the great renunciation, until each has\\nstriven to the uttermost, by working, by talking, by voting, by\\nwriting, and in every way possible, to overthrow present unjust\\nconditions and usher in a new day of peace and concord, of hope,\\nof justice and freedom, a weight of guilt rests on the soul. Duty\\ncalls to the conscience. It is the old cry, Who is on the Lord s\\nside\\nNor is it a time when the responsibility can be shifted. If a\\nthief is robbing your neighbor, you have no right to close your\\neyes and remain silent if a murderer is approaching the bed of\\na brother man, your conscience is not quit of guilt if you hold\\nyour peace; if a virgin is being polluted and there is a possibility\\nthat you can save her from contamination, great is your guilt if\\nyou refrain. Now those hideous wrongs are daily taking place\\nthrough the operation of infamously unjust social and economic\\nconditions which can be abolished. And what is more, the vic-\\ntims, instead of being three, constitute a mighty commonwealth,\\nmade up largely of the world s wealth producers. He who closes\\nhis eyes at a tragic moment like the ]u-esent, when unjust con-\\nditions are driving strong men to suicide, making paupers of\\nthousands, and placing before struggling maidenhood the dread\\nalternative of starvation or prostitution, may well expect to find\\nblood on his soul when he passes into the to-morrow of life.\\nTo those who prefer to live rather than to exist, to those who\\nlove, dream and aspire, to those who are haunted with an ideal,\\nVictor Hugo delivered a message couched in these burning Avords,", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "Social 1[ cal5 of xaictor Hducjo, i-t\\nwhich comprehend a great renunciation the dedication of one-\\nself to the service of humanit}^\\nLet us consecrate ourselves. Let us devote ourselves to the good, to\\nthe true, to the just. The function of thinkers in our day is com-\\nplex. It is no longer sufficient to think one must love. It is no longer\\nsufficient to think and to love one must act. To think, to love and to\\nact is no longer sufficient one must suffer. The future presses.\\nTo-morr6w cannot wait. Humanity has not a moment to lose. Quick!\\nquick! let us hasten. The wretched hunger, they thirst, they suffer.\\nAlas! terrible emaciation of the poor human body. There is too much\\nprivation, too much poverty, too much immodesty, too much nakedness,\\ntoo many houses of shame, too many convict prisons, too many tatters,\\ntoo many defalcations, too many crimes, too much darkness; not enough\\nschools; too many little innocents growing up for evil! The pallet of\\nthe poor girl is suddenly covered with silk and lace, and in that is the\\nworst misery; by the side of misfortune there is vice, the one urging on\\nthe other. Such a society requires prompt succor. Let us seek out the\\nbest. Civilization must march forward; let us test theories, systems,\\nameliorations, inventions, reforms.\\nBut before all, above all, let us be lavish of the light. All sanitary\\npurification begins by opening the windows wide. liCt us open wide all\\nintellects; let us supply soids with air. Let the human race breathe.\\nShed abroad Jiope, sow the ideal, do good. One step after another,\\nhorizon after horizon, conquest after conquest; because you have given\\nwhat you promised, do not hold yourself quit of obligation. To ijerform\\nis to promise. To-day s dawn pledges the sun for to-morrow.", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "jTostcrino tbe Savaoc in tbc l^ouiuj.\\nSiJ^^CE the close of tlie Civil AA ar, the most advanced and\\nhumane minds of the world have looked to the United States to\\nset an example of true civilization, by insisting on the settlement\\nof all international disputes in which the republic was concerned\\nby arbitration, thus emphasizing the suj^remacy of something\\nhigher than the reign of brute force, which disregards the sanctity\\nof human life and tires the most savage instincts in man.\\nThere were many reasons Avhy it Avas fitting that the great\\nRepublic should enjoy the proud distinction of taking the initia-\\ntive in the inauguration of an era of universal ])eace. We had\\nnothing to fear from Europe, as the great i)0\\\\vers are, tiger-like,\\nwatching one another. England knows full well that if she should\\ndeclare war against America, she might expect liussia to execute\\nher generation-long dream of Indian conquest. If Germany felt\\nable to engage us, France would be quick to recover Alsace and\\nLorraine, and, indeed, no nation which could cope with us would\\nbe insane enough to think of engaging in a Avar with the far-\\naway republic, unless our nation occupied such a manifestly un-\\njust or indefensible attitude as to bar us from the moral support\\nof civilization.\\nIn such cases as the Alabama Claims and the Behring Sea\\nquestion, our government showed the more excellent way, and\\ndemonstrated that war is not only unnecessary but that at this\\nstage of civilization it is indefensible. And these great peace\\nvictories, which pointed to the realization of a new civilization,\\nwere in perfect alignment with the ideals held by the founders of\\nour government.\\nAfter our late war, however, our country passed into a stage of\\nexistence as dazzling to the superficial observer as it was ominous\\nto the serious mind a period characterized by the carrying out\\nof vast enterprises, in which, too frequently, the government fur-\\nnished a large part of the wealth required, while she permitted\\nmonopolies to reap the benefits. An era of class legislation was\\nsucceeded b;^an era of speculation or gambling. Special privi-\\nleges, class laws and speculation gave to a few cunning, and often\\ntotally unscrupulous men, millions of unearned Avealth, and the\\ngovernment entered on a moral decline as humiliating to the\\n148", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "jfostcrino tbe Savaoe in tbe H^oung. 149\\npatriot as it is melancholy to those -svho desire to see manhood\\ndignified and emancipated and justice enthroned in the affections\\nof the people.\\nThe student of history will note with sadness that, as venalitj^\\nbegan to creep into the halls of state, and as seats Avhich had been\\nhonored by uncorrupted patriotism and far-seeing statesmanship\\nwere purchased by gold or Avon l)y intriguing tricksters, and es-\\npecially as Wall Street and the monoiJolistic power came to sway\\nmore and more influence in shaping legislation and dictating\\nnominations, we began to imitate the despotisms of Europe, not\\nonly in building arsenals and armories but by assiduously foster-\\ning the war spirit in our young people.\\nThis period has been marked also by a rapid decline in the\\nsturdy, self-reliant national s})irit which in former days made the\\nrepublic the wonder and admiration of the world. The old cry,\\nLet us show the nations of the earth a more excellent way, has\\nbeen exchanged for the pitiful whine of imbecility, and of late\\nwhenever a promising innovation has been proposed the cry has\\ngone forth, What other nation has tried such an experiment?\\nor Has England, Austria, Germany or France made any similar\\ntrial From a republic ^iroud of being a leader in the van of\\ncivilization, we have turned imitator. Our nation, hy yielding to\\nthe corrupt influence of individual, class and corporate interests,\\nhas become emasculated, a condition Avhich has grown more and\\nmore apparent with each succeeding year.\\nAs the decline in the republic of Rome was marked bj^ the rise\\nof the military i)ower, so there has developed a passion for re-\\nawakening the savage in man and child by fostering and incul-\\ncating the war spirit, as true democracy has more and more given\\nplace to plutocracy. That there is method in these things tiiere\\ncan be little doubt, although it is probable that few ])eople have\\nstopped to consider the real significance of the rapid growth of\\narmories in our midst. It is not my ])nrpose, however, in this\\npaper to deal with this phase of the question. I desire rather to\\nutter a protest against the iniquitous military drill now being\\ncarried on in many of our churches and schools throughout the\\nUnited States.\\nIn order to impress this phase of the question on the minds of\\nour readers, I shall notice one of many similar descriptions of\\nmilitary organizations, under the auspices of the church, which\\nhave recently been given in fulsome terms by leading daily pa-\\npers. The one I am about to notice contains such headings as\\nthe following Properly Uniformed and Armed Both Infan-\\ntry and Artillery Manoeuvres Drills and Public Exhibitions\\nGiven. Then follows an article which bestows unstinted praise\\non a rich New York church for fostering the Avar spirit in the", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "150 persons, places auD 1fC eas.\\nminds of a number of working boys and seeing that they were\\nsupplied with deadly muskets muskets Avhich had already been\\nused for slaughtering human beings.\\nIt is needless to point out that in this matter the millionaire\\nchurches exert an influence over the young very similar to that\\nexercised by the barons over their retainers in the feudal ages.\\nThe article to which I refer* describes the formation of a corps\\nof cadets among the Avorking boys of the west side district of\\nNew York as a noble and philanthropic move. The cadets are\\nunder the protection and support of the Collegiate Reformed\\nChurch at Forty-eighth Street and Fifth Avenue, one of the\\nwealtliiest churches of New York City. This corps of cadets was\\nstarted by a member of the Fifth Avenue Church of Xew York\\nCity, who was also a captain in one of the city regiments. The\\nfollowing extracts from the article in question illustrate most im-\\npressivefv how this iniquitous work awakens the war spirit and\\nfosters the savage dream of slaughter in the minds of the young.\\nThe writer says\\nAfter looking about very thoroughly for proper arms for the corps,\\nand listening to the boys strong objections to make believe wooden\\nguns, very suitable weapons were obtained. Tliey are Burnside carbines\\nbouglit from tlie United States Arsenal at Governor s Island, by special\\npermission from the secretary of war. No small degree of charm for\\nthe boys is added by the fact that the very guns they liandle were once\\nused in real fighting. They weigh about six pounds and are, therefore,\\nnot too heavy for even the smallest soldiers for the cadets range from\\n4 feet 2 inches in height to 5 feet 7 inches.\\nAll of the other boys of the club not enrolled in the corps are drilled\\nwithout uniforms, so that as soon as a vacancy occurs a well-trained boy\\ncan be put in it.\\nHe continues thus\\nThe company is put through all the military evolutions, in accordance\\nwith the regular army tactics; is taught to march and countermarch, to\\nexecute many different formations, and to do the whole manual of arms\\nand the bayonet exercise. This last is a particularly pretty drill, not\\nmuch in use now, but calculated to give the soldier a free use of his\\nweapon and an easy, strong wrist. In a recent entertainment and exlii-\\nbition given by the corps at the parent church on Fifth Avenue, this part\\nof their work elicited a great deal of applause.\\nIn addition to the infantry exercises an artillery drill has been estab-\\nlished, and a dummy or wooden cannon having been built in exact\\nreproduction of a genuine field piece, a squad of nine picked boys from\\nthe company have been taught to handle it. They go through the full\\ndrill, loading and firing, going into action in every direction, changing\\nthe wheels and dismounting the piece by taking the cannon from its\\ncarriage and the wheels from the axle, so that it is entirely dismembered,\\nand setting it iip again, all with precision, and each cannonier doing his\\npart of the work exactly as regular soldiers are taught to do it. Am-\\nbulance and signal corps have also been organized, and during the mock\\naction the former carries off the wounded while the latter signals for\\nassistance.\\nNew York Recorder.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "jfosterimj tbe Savaoc in tbe l^ouno. loi\\nHere is a furtber extract taken from the account of a drill\\ngiven in the rich P^iftli Avenue church to raise funds to improve\\nthe equipment of this corjjs of boys, whose minds are being\\nturned by the church from the beauty and happiness of peace\\nand civilization to the dream of human slaughter\\nOne little boy, the smallest of the lot, and not over four feet two\\ninches tall, went through all the elaborate movements of infantry drill,\\nbayonet exercise and artillery drill without an error, and was the avowed\\nfavorite of the ladies. Round after round of applause was showered up-\\non the corps on this occasion, and greatly appreciated by the little sol-\\ndiers. At this drill, a sham battle was given, the artillery firing on an\\nimaginary army until the enemy was supposed to bring up its cavalry to\\ncapture the gun. Then the artillerymen signalled to the infantry to\\ncome to their support. The cannoniers dismounted their piece, and all\\nlay down until the supposed enemy was driven off by the infantry fire,\\nthen mounted their piece again to give them a few farewell shots. Dur-\\ning this action tlie instructor called out the numbers of the boys at in-\\ntervals, and as each was designated he fell over as though shot, and was\\ncarried off by the ambulance corps, while the remaining boys manned\\nthe cannon. This feature proved especially interesting to the spectators.\\nMany pages might be filled with accounts of similar work being\\ncarried on by the rich and fashionable chui ches of tlie Prince of\\nPeace in the republic, but this illustration will suffice, as it is\\ntypical.\\nIn a recent issue of the Corner Stone, edited by one of the\\nmost intelligent, patriotic and conscientious women of Michigan,\\nI find the following\\nDetroit has twenty-seven church military organizations, containing\\n651 men and forty-three officers. The largest is the Baptist cadets, with\\nsixty-six men and three officers. Then comes the Maybury cadets, an\\nEpiscopal organization, with sixty men, the First Congregational cadets\\nwith fifty-three, the first and last being armed with rifies. Tlie Episco-\\npalians have six companies, the Catholics eight, the Presbyterians seven,\\nBaptists three, Congregationalists two and Lutherans one. Thirteen of\\nthe companies are armed with rifies and one with swords. These, it\\nmust be remembered, are all church military companies, and have no\\nconnection with the civil societies of the state militia.\\nII.\\nProbably nothing so well indicates the substitution of a hollow\\nand, in the strictest sense of tlie word, a materialistic theoloe:y\\nfor a religion of life a loving faith expressed in deeds as the\\ndiligent and systematic fostering by church and state of the war\\nspirit which is the murder s])irit in the rising generation.\\nThe position of the church on this question is at once astounding\\nand incomprehensible, if we admit that the spirit of her Founder\\nstill vivifies her being for even the most superficial thinker\\nknows that the drilling of youth in the manual of arms must\\nnecessarily fill the brain with ideals which are the exact anti-", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "152 persons, places anC) IFDeas.\\npodes of the teaching of the Prince of Peace. The ultimate\\nwhich a course of practice leads to, or the ideal which it inspires,\\ngives color to the thought world of those who come under its\\ninfluence, and this is especially true when the plastic brain of\\nchildhood is dominated by an alluring ideal.\\nComparatively few people are aware of the military activity\\nwithin the city churches of America to-day. It is true that the\\ndaily papers of our great cities have published of late so many\\nelaborate and laudatoiy accounts of church-fostered military\\ncompanies, that those who read more than the news items m.ust\\nbe more or less familiar with what is going on in this direction\\nbut the millions in the countr}^ and towns are ignorant of the\\nmagnitude of this movement, and the weary workers who, in the\\nnature of the case, cannot take time to reason from cause to\\neffect, are content to accept as gospel whatever the capitalistic\\nand conventional press applauds, without appreciating the real\\nsignificance of many ominous acts which are taking place to-day.\\nThe religious leaders who introduced military instruction and\\ndrill in the churches and those who later favored it, whatever\\nmay have been their motives, committed an error so grave, that\\nit even now threatens to turn civilization back toward savagery\\nand destroy the opening blossom of universal peace through\\narbitration. I do not wish to impugn the motives of those who\\nadvocated the formation of militaiy companies in the churches.\\nI believe that for the most part they only sought a way of draw-\\ning the young into the cliurch by means which would naturally\\nbe attractive. The error they committed lay in departing from\\nthe fundamental teachings of their ovm accredited Leader, whom\\ntheg believe to he a God, and loho, in life, spirit and word, em-\\nphasized in the most solemn and imp ressive manner the impor-\\ntance of driving from the brain every dream of war, every ideal\\nthat looked toward physical violence, every thought which com-\\njjrehended the taking of human life. The profound insight of\\nJesus, which led Ilini to transfer the seat of actual ci-iminality\\nfrom the commission of the crime to the entertainment of the\\nthought which fathered its execution, has been generally over-\\nlooked by modern theologians.\\nThe question will naturally arise as to how it was possible\\nthat servants of the Prince of Peace could so far forget the life\\nand teaching of their Leader as to foster or favor the formation of\\nmilitary organizations? I think the mistake was due mainly to\\n(1) a shortsightedness which overlooked the influence of the\\niiltimate ideaf upon the plastic brain of childhood, and (2) to an\\nunconscious yielding to the savage spirit of our gold-crazed age,\\nwhich prevented their coming into rapport with the deepest and\\nmost philosophic truths uttered by the great Nazarene.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "dF03terinc3 tbe Savacje in tbe 31)ouni). 153\\nOne evil effect of this mistake was soon manifest. The old\\nfires of religious hate, which have so darkly stained the history\\nof Christianity, were at once awakened. There is nothing which\\nshould be more carefully guarded against than stimulating reli-\\ngious hatred. Theological fanaticism knows no reason. The\\nfinest sentiments of mercy, justice and gentleness are by it\\ntrampled under foot. There always has existed within the fellow-\\nship of the various Protestant churches, no less than within the\\ncommunion of Rome, a more or less formidal)le minority whose\\n-views are sonaTTO^sv that they cannot or will not admit the prob-\\naliility, even if they grant the possibility, of those who differ from\\nthem being right, and who in their hearts believe that all who do\\nnot see religious truth through their spectacles will necessarily be\\ndamned. They ignore the admonitions of Jesus, in which He\\nobserved that he who w\\\\as not against Him was for Him, and leave\\nout of consideration the fact that had they been born into Moham-\\nmedan lands they would have been in all probal)ility as intolerant\\nin their demand that all others should believe in the tenets of the\\nMohammedan religion as they are that all shall see as they now see.\\nThey furthermore forget, or are incapable of realizing, that hearts\\nand brains are not all cast in the same mould, and though the\\nfundamentals of love, justice, truth and right as they pertain to\\nlife are ever the same, belief in certain tenets is largely, if not\\nalmost entirely, a question of heredity and environment.\\nThese narrow-minded persons ai-e often conscientious and sin-\\ncere, but they are also always possible persecutors, and their\\ninfluence is necessarily unchristian, because it invariably stirs up\\nhate and savagery in the hearts of others. The formation of\\nmilitary companies in churches at once afforded an excuse for\\nthese classes to come to the front and influence the minds of\\nthose more swayed by prejudice than by justice and right. Ow-\\ning to the long and savage conflict between Protestantism and\\nCatholicism it is no difficult task to alarm a goodly numlier of\\npartizan religionists of the great opposing bodies, and a deter-\\nmined attempt is being fostered by the fanatics to arraign these\\ntwo forces against each other. I have for months been saddened\\nby seeing organs of hate seeking to arouse the fiercest passions\\nin the minds of their readers, in the name of religion and in e-\\nsumably for the glory of the Prince of Peace.\\nI most profoundly believe that if Jesus came to the republic\\nto-day His first command Avould be Ground arms for the\\npresent arming and drilling of His pretended followers is a\\nflagrant insult to His life and teachings. He was emphatically a\\nMan of Peace and even opposed retaliation. Love was His\\ntalisman. He taught that hate and the murderous spirit of war\\nwere from the \\\\nt. They represented the savagery of the brute.", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "15^ persons, places an IT^eas.\\nHis disciples must be ohildren of eace if they would please tlie\\nInfinite Father whose name was Love and who dwelt in Lisrht.\\nBlessed are the peace makers, for thej shall be called the chil-\\ndren of God. The sign manual of Divine sonship was peace\\nmaking, exactly as fostering the spirit of slaughter is the un-\\nmistakable sign of the atheism of greed, the matei-ialism of\\nanimality. Ye have heard that it hath been said. Thou shalt\\nlove thy neighbor and hate thine enemy but I say unto you,\\nLove your enemies. Put up thy sword whoso taketh the\\nsword shall perish by the sword.\\nThe example of Jesus life, no less than His solemn precepts,\\nwas an unfailing protest against war, hate, savagery and whatever\\ncould arouse or strengthen the animal side of man s nature.\\nInstead of military drill, Jesus w^ould burn into the souls of the\\nyouth this thought expressed by Isaiah, 7/oto heautiful upon\\nthe mountains are the feet of him that bringeth good tidings,\\nthat pnhlisheth peace? The highest ideal and dreams of prophet,\\nsage and j^hilosopher in all ages are summed up in the lofty\\nwords of the olden seer: \u00e2\u0096\u00a0Men shall heat their s%i:ords into\\nploughshares and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation shall\\nnot lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn war any\\nmore.\\nIII.\\nThe work of fostering the savage spirit in the minds of the\\nvery young has not been conlined to the church indeed we\\nmight say that the church, instead of holding steadfastly to the\\nhigh ideal of Jesus, allowed, herself to hearken to the words of\\nshort-sighted thinkers and drift with the current of a settled\\npolicy, which has of late become more and more apparent\\nAvith each successive administration. The introduction of\\nmilitary training into the common schools of America mai-ked\\nthe triumph of the military spii it of despotic Europe over\\nthe long-cherished traditions of the republic. Not satisfied\\nwith teaching the manual of arms in colleges, which should be\\ndedicated to peace and true civilization, the high schools have\\ncome under the curse of this blunting, soul-shrivelling influence\\nof war, and so cunningly has this spirit of savagery been fostered\\nthat the lower schools are now threatened with its infection.\\nWe are told that the administration looks with favor on enlarging\\nthe scope of military insti uction and ex-President Harrison,\\nnot to be outdone, allows the admonitions of his acknowledged\\nLord and Master to be forgotten in his desii e to win the favor of\\ncapitalism and the Grand Army, by exclaiming, It is good for\\nthe boil s, good for the schools and good for the country.\\nOn the 18th of May there passed under my office windows a", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "jfostenuG tbe Savage in tF^e ll)ouno. 155\\nsight which saddened me for many days. It was the spectacle\\nof more tlian twelve hundred lads, of from twelve to nineteen\\nyears of age, parading in full uniform, all bearing guns. They\\nwere headed by a band which discoui sed popular military aii-s.\\nThe little street gamins looked enviously upon the boys clad in\\nblue, with brass buttons, bearing standai ds and marching to mili-\\ntary music. I do not see how any thoughtful person could have\\nlooked upon the spectacle without feeling that the hands on the\\ndial of civilization were being put back. In describing the event\\nthe Boston Daily Globe said\\nThe Pride of Boston, its school regiment, composed of pupils of\\nthe high and Latin schools of the city, and numbering 1,330 lads ranging\\nin age from tliirteen to nineteen years, organized as thirty-two companies\\nand forming four battalions, had its annual parade yesterday. For the\\npast two weeks, or since the death of Brig.-Gen. Hobart Moore, under a\\nnew instructor the officers and men of tlie regiment have worked with\\nan energy commendable in the highest degree.\\nIn their neat blue uniforms, with bright eyes and smiling faces, the\\nboys assembled at the school building, Montgomery Street and Wan-en\\nAvenue, with soldierly promptness at o clock, ready for the duties of\\nthe day with the regiment. At 10.15 the column started upon its march\\nto the common.\\nGreat applause greeted the regiment as it turned into School Street\\nand marched past city hall in column of platoons, giving a marcliiug\\nsalute to Mayor Matthews, who stood at the gateway, attended by Pri-\\nvate Secretary Nat Taylor, City Messenger Peters, sevei al aldermen and\\nheads of departments. A brief halt was made on Beacon Street before\\nreaching the state house, which passing in column of companies, march-\\ning honors were given Governor Greenhalge, who, standing upon the\\nsteps of the capitol, received the compliment.\\nThe commander-in-chief was attended by Adjt.-Gen. Dalton and Col-\\nonels Benton, Kenney, Billings, Moses, Hastings and Page of his military\\nfamily.\\nTo the lover of peace, to the truly civilized man and Avoman,\\nto the high-minded patriot, such spectacles are saddening beyond\\nexpression. They reveal the fact that, after our country had\\nreached the point where she had by arbitration shown the othei-\\ngreat powers of the world a nobler way of settling disputes\\nthan by awakening the instincts of the savage in man, and\\njust at the proud moment when it seemed that the flower of en-\\nduring peace was about to blossom upon the breast of the great\\nrepublic, we hnd the cry going forth, to transform her from the\\nworld s harbinger of peace into a military camp and that this\\nmay be effectively done, we find that our boys in the common\\nschools are being trained in the savage art of war.\\nEvery careful student of human life knows that the ideals and\\nthoughts which fill the horizon of childhood color all after life.\\nIf during the formative period the ideals which fill the child s\\nmind be essentially noble and humane, if he be taught that his", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "156 persons, places aiiD UDeas*\\nmission is to help subdue the savage in man, to transform swords\\ninto ploughshares and spears into pruning hooks, or in other words,\\nto become a saviour of life and a dispenser of happiness instead\\nof a slayer of his brother and an angel of darkness, he will grow\\nto manhood brave but gentle, manly but loving. He will love\\njustice more than gold he will see that the man who develops\\nthe highest side of his life is the child of wisdom, and that\\nw^herever he may go the flowers of joy will spring up, blossom\\nand fling abroad their exhilarating perfume.\\nOn the other hand the child who is drilled in the manual of\\narms has constantly before him the hour when he may draw the\\ntrigger which means death to a fellow-man he comes to love\\nthe sound of the drum beat, and learns to long for a chance to\\nshoulder the murderous gun. He turns to the lives of Alexander,\\nCoesar and Xapoleon dreams of fame through slaughter, of\\npower through devastation and destruction, fill his mind, and by\\ncoming to believe it is legitimate to kill his fellow-men when\\nordered to by a superior officer, the highest and finest elements\\nin his mind are benumbed. And I may say here, what I most\\nprofoundly believe, that there can never be an approach to civil-\\nization so long as the child mind receives military drill, for the\\nassociations, ideals and dreams which necessarily follow in the\\nwake of warlike instruction are so at variance with the ideals\\nwhich alone can redeem the world from hate, greed and injustice,\\nthat until children are taught to entertain a profound reverence\\nfor human life, human rights and for justice in its broadest sense,\\nhumanity will not know what true civilization is.\\nIV.\\nWe are informed by the advocates of military drill that there\\nis much to be said in its favor, aside from its possible benefit to\\nthe state in the event of war. We are informed that it gives the\\nboy much needed physical c^dtnre. In re2:)ly I would say that,\\neven if this claim were well founded, the possible benefit would\\nbe many times counterbalanced by the blunting of the moral\\nsensibilities which attends training in the art of human slaughter,\\nto say nothing of the evil effect in filling his mind with dreams\\nof fame based on the exercise of the savage in his nature.\\nBut let us further notice the claims put forth for military drill\\non the ground of its value in developing the physical body. On\\nthis point there is a diversity of opinions indeed, it is doubtful,\\nif the spirit of Ca?sar were not so strong at the present time,\\nAvhether thoughtful people would advance this as an argument,\\nbut let us notice its force. There is probably no man in the\\nUnited States whose judgment in regard to physical culture will", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "Ifosterino tbc Savacje in tbe l^ouno. i57\\nbe universally accepted as more authoritative than that of Dr. D.\\nA. Sargent of Harvard University, and on this point Dr. Sargent\\nobserves\\nAfter the most favorable view possible of military drill as a plij sical\\nexercise, we are led to conclude that its constrained positions and\\nclosely localized movements do not afford the essential requisites for\\ndeveloping the muscles and improving the respiration and circulation,\\nand thereby improving the general health and condition of the system.\\nWe must further conclude that in case of any malformation, local weak-\\nness or constitutional debility, the drill tends, by its strain upon the\\nnerves and prolonged tension on the muscles, to increase the defects\\nrather than to relieve them. Finally, if the ultimate object of the drill\\nAvas to prepare young men for the life and duties of a soldier, we should\\nbe forced to conclude that the drill itself would still be defective as a\\nmeans of developing the chief requisites for men in that profession.\\nIt will be observed that this craze for militarj drill, Avhich is\\none of the legitimate fruits of the war spirit which is being\\nfostered and which finds expression in the rapid multiplication of\\narmories in our great centres of population, does not, according to\\nDr. Sargent, accomi)Iish the ph^^sical culture which wholesome\\ngymnastic exercise gives. Moreover he urges that soldiers to be\\nefficient should receive the gymnastic training as Avell, and the\\ncorrectness of this observation is emphasized Avhen it is remem-\\nbered that the great military powers of Europe give the recruits\\nseveral months gymnastic training before they are expected to\\nfill the requirements of soldiers.\\nMr. Leverett W. Case, master of the Dudley School of Rox-\\nbury, Boston, vx hen interviewed a few months ago in regard to\\nthe advisability of introducing the military drill into the grammar\\nschools, made the following observation\\nIt is a bad thing for the boys. These public street parades are espe-\\ncially evil things. I have known three or four boys to faint away from\\nthe fatigue and excitement on such occasions. Then again, it teaches\\nthe boys to look forward to war, and to cherish a desire for fighting\\nwhich is not desirable. It seems to me that after twenty centuries of\\nreligious enlightenment we ought to be able to live without fighting,\\nand the maintenance of standing armies. I believe in fostering a love of\\nnature and peaceful intercourse between one another ^mong school\\nchildren. Boys should be taught what will be useful to them, but they\\nshould not be taught that which would engender a desire for warfare.\\nThe Ling system of gymnastics which we now have in the grammar\\nschools answers every purpose. It gives the school plenty of wholesome\\nexercise and that is all they need.*\\nWe are told that military drills give grace and suppleness to\\nthe boys. In noticing this point Dr. Sargent observes:\\nIn reference to the gracefulnesss that is thought to characterize the\\nmovements of young cadets, I can only say it is not the outcome of\\ndrilling and marching. The soldier is trained to square corners, straight\\nInterview published in Boston Daily Journal, Jan. 24, 1894.", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "158 persons, places auD H^eas.\\nplatoons, and angular movements. Curves and embellishments are not\\nencouraged, in speech or in action. If you would account for the grace-\\nful pose of our Xational Cadets you must see them from one to two\\nhours a day in charge of the dancing mnster.\\nIt is further urged that if our boys are drilled in school they\\nwill be prepared for war. On this point, I desire to quote tlie\\nwords of Lieut. Col. Thomas F. Edmands of the Boston\\nCadets:\\nI only know that school drill Injures the militia service; and I never\\nsaw a school successfully drilled tliat is, where the play was worth\\nthe candle. It is imj^racticable to teach the boys anything more than\\nthe manual of arms. It is one of the clearest cases ever invented of a\\nlittle knowledge being a dangerous thing. Boys like it because they are\\naping the men and wear tlash clothes. When they get through school\\ntheir heads are so swelled by it that they think they know it all, and are\\nunwilling to receive any military instruction of real value to themselves\\nor to the country.\\nHow about the physical benefits to be derived from the drill?\\nIn Boston tlie effect of school drill has been to make boys round\\nshouldered and narrow chested. I never saw a school company well set\\nup in my life. Except a few of the larger ones the boys are overweighted\\nby the musket they are obliged to carry.\\nThen you do not believe the drill adds much to the value of the boy\\nas a subsequent military man\\nThe modern drill regulations are by no means adapted for work in\\nschools under any circumstances. They need a man s brains and muscles.\\nEvery time I tell the truth about the matter I generally raise a storm\\nfro-m persons illy informed upon the subject, and from the boys, whose\\nself conceit, engendered by this drill, should be one of the greatest\\narguments against its further practice.\\nEven if Colonel Edmands were incorrect, the claim that our\\nyouth should be instructed in the tactics of war, in case there\\nmay be war, is so peurile^.and out of keejnng with what ought to\\nbe the spirit of our century, that those who know so well Avhat\\nwill result from filling the brain of the young with visions of\\nmilitary glory, should demand an immediate cessation of this\\nungodly and savage drill which belongs to the plane of the\\nbarbarian, and which is a crime against civilization, the republic\\nand the young. The mothers, wives and sisters in this great\\nrepublic, and all who love peace, justice and enlightenment, have\\na great responsibility resting upon them. If the savage is to be\\nbeaten back to his lair and the man again enthroned, there is not\\nan hour to be lost.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "1bv pnoti5in ant) Hts IRelatton to ps^cbical\\n1Rc0carc[\\\\\\nI.\\nDuring the past thirty years the gradual accumulation of\\nincontrovertible evidence revealing hitherto undreamed-of\\npossibilities of the human mind, has been such as to warrant\\nus in believing that we are on the threshold of a field of re-\\nsearch which Avill mark a distinct epoch in human history, if\\nindeed it be not prophetic of the next great step in man s\\nevolutionary development. And in referring to the psychical\\nphenomena already demonstrated, I include onlv such abso-\\nlute facts as have been established by critical and competent\\nscientific research.\\nWith the vast mass of alleged phenomena which con-\\nfronts the earnest inquirer on every hand it is not my present\\npurpose to deal. I shall confine myself for the most part to the\\nexamination of phenomena which have been as authoritatively\\ndemonstrated by critical comparative methods as other univer-\\nsally accepted truths in physical science, as my chief purpose\\nin this paper is to indicate the all-important fact that the old-\\nboundaries of mental limitation have been broken down;\\nthat what has hitherto been regarded as the impossible is now\\na demonstrated actuality, and, therefore, that it is unscientific\\nand unworthy our age to close our eyes longer to this field\\nof research which already promises to disclose truths of\\ninestimable value. I am well aware that many who do\\nnot consider themselves conservative thinkers will regard\\nthis view of the possibilities of psychical research as unwarran-\\ntably optimistic. The}^ will remind us of the fact that in all\\nages alleged phenomena have entered the woof and web of pop-\\nular superstition and legendary lore, while nothing of scientific\\nvalue has been demonstrated. Thev, however, do not take\\ninto account the important fact that though man s mental\\nlimitation in the past has led him to denominate as miracu-\\n159", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "ICO persons, places auD IFDeas.\\nlous or supeniiitural all phenomena Ijeyond then known laws,\\nit is no evidence that these phenomena have not occurred\\nthrough the orderly operation of some great law, which,\\nalthough existing from the beginning of creation, has awaited\\nrecognition, as the law of gravitation so long awaited the\\ncognizance of man.\\nObjections to psychical research are so frequently urged\\nthat it seems necessary, on the very threshold of our examina-\\ntion of this subject, briefly to give a few reasons which, in\\nmy judgment, justify belief in the early demonstration of\\npsychical facts as revolutionarj,^, important and even more\\nbeneficent than this century s crowning achievement in the\\nprovince of physical science the establishment of the\\ntheory of evolution.\\nIn the first place, let us not lose sight of the fact that the\\nascendency of a strictl}- critical or scientific method of inves-\\ntigation is of comparatively recent date, but it has now so\\ncompletely mastered dominant thought that the people in\\ngeneral, as well as scientific bodies, are coming to apply it\\nto all phenomena with which they come in contact. Mere\\nhearsay no longer satisfies the spirit of the age while until\\nthe establishment of this method it is evident that facts which\\nmay have actually occurred were, from a scientific point of\\nview, practically worthless. Hence, whatever is demonstrated\\nunder what is known as the comparative method of scientific\\nresearch possesses a positive value never before present. In\\nthe second place, the marvellous strides witnessed in the\\nprovince of physical science, and the unparalleled triumph\\nwithin a few decades of the evolutionary theory over uni-\\nversally accepted, age-long tliought, indicate a readiness on\\nthe part of humanity to accept a new truth. This marks a\\ndistinct advance in civilization, and reveals how strong a\\nhold reason has taken in a soil heretofore more or less over-\\ngrown Avith the weeds of superstition, prejudice and intoler-\\nant bigotry. Indeed, I know of no victory in the history\\nof man s intellectual development more significant than that\\nwhich attended the general acceptation of the theory\\npromulgated by Darwin, Spencer and Wallace. True, the\\nconflict was marked for a time by great bitterness and un-\\nreasonable hostility on the part of dominant theology and\\nconservative thought, yet the new idea succeeded in a few\\nyears in revolutionizing the intellectual conception of civili-", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "Ib^pnotfsm. lei\\nzation, turning the thought of the world from channels throuo-h\\nwhich it had flowed almost uninterruptedly for ages, into not\\nonly a radically different bed, but one which carried its cur-\\nrent in a diametrically opposite direction. This triumph of\\nphysical science over inherited ideas and the superstitions\\nand traditions of ages, has proved of inconceivable value to\\nscientific investigation in the psychical realm, as it has\\nbroadened the vision of the intellectual world and destroyed\\nthe breastworks of religious prejudice, which would other-\\nwise have rendered critical study of supernormal phenomena\\ndoubly difficult.\\nA third point which warrants our belief in the approach of\\nan era of great advancement in this realm, is the very notice-\\nable fact that many eminent scientific thinkers who have\\nhitherto ignored or discouraged psychical research, are now\\ncoming forward and demanding not only a fair hearing for\\nthis exiled truth, but are insisting that their own great\\nbodies investigate what a few years ago would have been\\nscornfully dismissed as belonging only to the province of\\nsuperstition, charlatanry and jugglery. Perhaps the most\\nnotable instance of the gradual giving way of prejudice on\\nthe part of eminent scientists, is found in the annual address\\nof Prof. Oliver J. Lodge, President of the Section of Mathe-\\nmatics and Physics of the British Association for Advance-\\nment of Science, delivered last August, in which this eminent\\nand conservative thinker took strong ground in favor of his\\nsociety systematically investigating psychical phenomena.\\nIn the course of his remarks he made the following significant\\nobservations\\nWhat Ave know is as nothing to that which remains to he\\nknown. This is sometimes said as a truism sometimes it is half-\\ndoubted. To me it seems the most literal truth, and that if we\\nnarrow our view to already half-conquered territory only, we\\nshall be false to the men who won our freedom, and treasonable\\nto the highest claims of science.\\nI care not what the end may be. I do care that the inquiry\\nshall he conducted by us, and that we shall be free from the dis-\\ngrace of jogging along accustomed roads, leaving to outsiders the\\nwork, the ridicule, and the gratification of unfolding a new\\nregion to unwilling ej es.\\nIt is sometimes objected that, granting thought-transference or\\ntelepathy to be a fact, it belongs more especially to lower forms\\nof life, and that as the cerebral hemispheres develop we become", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "162 persons, places ant) H^eas.\\nindependent of it that what we notice is the relic of a decaying\\nfaculty, not the germ of a new and fruitful sense and that prog-\\nress is not to be made by studying or attending to it. It may\\nbe that it is an immature mode of communication, adapted to\\nlower stages of consciousness than ours, but how much can we\\nnot learn by studying immature stages? As well might the\\nobjection be urged against a study of embr^-ology. It may^ on\\nthe other hand, be an indication of a higher mode of communica-\\ntion, lohich shall survive our temporary connection with ordi-\\nnary matter.\\nI have faith in the intelligibility of the universe. Intelligi-\\nbility has been the great creed in the strength of which all intel-\\nlectual advance has been attempted, and all scientific progress\\nmade. At first things always look mysterious. A comet, light-\\nning, the aurora, the rainbow all seem strange, anomalous,\\nmysterious apparitions. But scrutinized in the dry light of science,\\ntheir relationship -with other better-known things becomes ap-\\nparent.\\nNow I say that the doctrine of ultimate intelligibility should be\\npressed into other departments also. At present we hang back\\nfrom whole regions of inquiry, and say they are not for us. A\\nfew we are beginning to grap[)le with. The nature of disease is\\nyielding to scrutiny with fruitful result the mental aberrations\\nand abnormalities of hypnotism, duplex personality and allied\\nphenomena, are now at last being taken under the wing of\\nscience after long ridicule and contemjit. The phenomenon of\\ncrime, the scientific meaning and justification of altruism, and\\nother matters relating to life and conduct, are beginning, or i)er-\\nhaps are barely yet beginning, to show a vulnerable front over\\nwhich the forces of science may pour.\\nSuch utterances from such ii source are very significant,\\nrevealing the fact that psychical phenomena have taken such\\na hold on the public mind that they can no longer be ignored\\nby leading scientific bodies, and also indicate that the hos-\\ntility heretofore exhibited by orthodox thinkers in the domain\\nof physical science is gradually but stirely giving away.*\\n*The change of sentiment now daily liecninins more anrt more manifest among\\ntliinking people and especially tlie nunc ciiix r\\\\ ati\\\\ c t linicnr nf scliolars audscien-\\ntiftc investigators, is largely due to the siilmdid wuik ai^iMimiili^iuMl during the past\\nfew years by the English Society for rsNclncal lifMMic h, wiiidi has accumulated,\\nverified ancf classified so much suijerudimal iihcnoincna widcli hiihcnn ihiatcd around\\nas gossip,exerting no great influence on ciiiical thinker-. iim i^ the a pi i rent absence\\nof evidential value. The researches (d such cmin Mit i\\\\ani- a- Hr. Allied Uussel\\nWallace and Professor Crookes in England, Caniinc I lanimaricm in I rance, and\\nProfessor J. R. Buchanan and Professor William Denton in America, have alsoexerted\\nan influence which is yearly becoming more and more manifest on c in :ervative\\nthought. The discoveries of Braid and the more recent demonstrations of leading\\nphysicians in hypnotism have also contributed materially to the slowly changing\\nattitude of popular scientists.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "Ibppnotism. 163\\nA fourth fact worthy of mention is the surprising and deiinite\\nresults whicli have crowned the limited scieutitie research in\\npsychical fields during recent years. They have already-\\nbroken down beyond all controversy the old ideas of mental\\nlimitation. They have demonstrated that the conception so\\nlong held as final, is as erroneous as was the one-time uni-\\nversal belief in a flat world, or the theory of a practically\\ninstantaneous creation.\\nThese observatiofis seemed necessary on the very threshold\\nof this subject, owing to the prejudice and hostility of domi-\\nnant thought which, however, as noted above, is each year\\ngiving way, although still exerting sufficient influence to\\nprevent a candid and unbiased investigation of facts on the\\npart of thousands of scholarly minds.* In the present paper\\nI shall touch chiefly on the revelations which have attended\\nscientific experimentation in hypnotism, not because they\\nare more remarkable than many other psj chical phenomena\\nwhich are now challenging the thoughtful consideration of\\nmany leading scientists, but because owing to the nature and\\nextent of the investigations carried on by a number of the\\nforemost scientific and medical men of the age, the array of\\nindisputable yet astonishing facts is so complete and of\\nsuch a character as best to carry conviction to prejudiced\\nminds.\\nI am by uo means unmindful of the causes which have largely contributed to this\\ngeneral distrust, and which may be briefly mentioned as follows\\n[1] The oft-demoustrated element of unquestioned credulity which characterizes\\nignorant people and causes them to swallow with avidity all iiheiioiuena which they\\nfail to understand. [2] The general ignorance of tlie laws CdiutTiiiiii; these manifesta-\\ntions, which enables charlatans and impostors to establish c in liti(iiis riaimcd t i tie\\nessential, which render fraud pusi-ii.lc ami iinite tiicki-rv. Tlic iiiiMicnt itic\\nreport of the learned liailey C oniiiii^-iini. ai iMiinted li\\\\- the f triicli l ii ii iimmi in\\n1784 to investigate mesmerisni. or what \u00c2\u00aba then p^i m la liy termed animal ma-mi i-m.\\nin which it was declared that all ilie |M.\\\\\\\\cr alleiinl to lia\\\\ been (\u00e2\u0096\u00a0xhibiii il h\\\\ Momer\\nwasa fraud and that, to Use ilie \\\\\\\\.nii ,,t r.ailew .l/.( ///-7/-yj/ i-^in,, juri iiiof m\\nthe history of human error, II ii l II iin^ii /jrni,/ m l/n inm-i r mi iii im mil imi. I liis\\nreprehensible exhibition of doumatie inereiUility, un(iuestional)ly i:ieail\\\\ retariled\\nscientific procress al(m _ this line of research. [4] The great iiiimeir- in iiliy-ical\\nscience, who en (inntere(l -ndi a torrent of scornful abuse from e(m-er\\\\ ai i\\\\ c tlmniilit\\nwhen they broui: lit Iniib the ihrnry of evolution, with a few cons] ii(ii(.ns exiepl i.ms,\\nhave displayed unwai-fantalile imlilTerence and in some instanre- nnnh the -ame\\nsiiiiit of lin-tilit\\\\ t..\\\\\\\\ai(l psxihieal investigation as that abont which the\\\\ so justly\\nC(im]ilai 1 wlien their i.w n t hfories were first present il. I his ai i it mli s.. t Imr-\\noin;hl\\\\ (li-ereilitalile and essent ia I ly unscientific, has preveiitnl t h^ Mi-ainl-- nl in\\\\ est iua-\\nt(ns, \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\u take ideas second-band, from pnrsninp: reseaii-h ahMm p-\\\\ hir;il lines.\\n.in-ei\\\\ ati-ni as usual frowned nixmall idimeiM- 1 hinUci-. and t hei.h.uy. moic a|ii relien-\\nsiw (.1 ih.- verthrowof someelierislied idol t han the f linmpb ..t t int h. lias \u00e2\u0080\u009entil very\\nreeeiifly assumed a hostile attitude. With thi^ ri-init ..t ,,],pn.in,- I.. r.-.- added to\\nthe other causes enumerated al)nvc. it is m.t stranL;( that |iri _;rc-- ha- been sinnewbat\\nslow. Now, however, the wall ot nc j mlh r ha~ to nnc eMcnl ^i\\\\ lai way ami with\\nthe constant establisi \u00e2\u0096\u00a0m ..t new la.t- ahm-thc line ..r |.~v. hi.al ri- eareb, the\\npeople are manifestimj,- a ediistaiitly iiierea-in.t;- spirit (d hos]iitalir\\\\ most i:ratifying to\\nthose careful investigators who have for vears employed a stri(nly scientific method,\\nbut who have been socially ostracized because they loved the truth more than the\\napprobation of conventional thought.", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "164 persons, Iplaces ant) Hbeas.\\nII.\\nIn 1841, the eminent English surgeon, James Braid,\\ndetermined to expose mesmeiism, Avhich he in common with\\nhis scientific brethren believed to be an unmitigated fraud.\\nDoctor Braid soon came to realize that instead of mesmerism\\nbeing an unadulterated fraud, it possessed the grain of truth\\ncapable of revolutionizing established ideas. Accordingly\\nhe entered upon the laborious task of demonstrating and\\ncritically noting facts connected with these marvelous phe-\\nnomena. In 1842, he published his notable work entitled\\nNeurypnology. Immediately he suffered from a storm of\\nhostile criticism. Nevertheless his clear utterances and the\\nmethods employed gained for him the thoughtful considera-\\ntion of several eminent continental thinkers, who were less\\nfettered by conservatism than his English professional breth-\\nren. A score of years later hypnotism was attracting much\\nattention among leading physicians and other scientific inves-\\ntigators in France and other continental nations. Since that\\nday it has rapidly gained in the number of eminent scientists\\nwho have wrought what iii an earlier age would have been\\nresfarded as miracles. Among the critical thinkers who have\\ngiven special attention to the power of mind along this\\nspecial line of inquiry since the publication of Doctor Braid s\\nAvorks are Liebault, Bernheim and Beaunis of Nancy, and\\nCharcot of Paris, while scarcely less valuable to science\\nhave been the labors as demonstrators, or critical observers,\\nof Paul Richer, P. David, Professor Luj^s, Janet, Richet,\\nVoisin and Reginald of Paris.*\\nIn 1878, Charcot began a series of strictly scientific\\ninvestigations. He operated, however, only on hysterical\\nsubjects, believing that only a fcAv people were susceptible,\\nand they among the Aveak, sickly and nervous. Indeed,\\nuntil within the last decade this was the general impression.\\nRecent experiments, hoAvever, as Bjtirnstrom has observed,\\nwith elaborate statistics furnished by the Nancy physi-\\ncians, prove that almost any one can be hypnotized.\\nSome jDersons, hoAvever, yield much more easily than others.\\nOcliorowicz, a Polish scholar who resides in Paris, and Dr. Frederick Bjomstrom, the\\nhead physician of the Stockholm hospital, have contributed works of great value to\\nthe literature of hypnotism. Their writings have been translated into English. To\\nthe latter author I am indebted for many interesting facts and striking illustra-\\ntions given. I am also indebted to the work of Prof. AVilliara James, of Harvard, and\\nPart XA III. of Proceedings of the English Society for Psychical Research for valuable\\nillustrations and well-authenticated cases.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "1bl5Pnotism. 165\\nThe eminent author further observes that Climate seems to\\nhave the effect of making hyj^notization much easier in\\nwarm and southern countries than in cokl and northern.\\nThus the French show a far greater susceptibility than the\\nScandinavians and Germans. In the tropics, hypnosis is said\\nto appear rapidly, and to become very deep.\\nIII.\\nThis brings us to the examination of some typical cases\\nexhibited by the hypnotic trance and the legitimate infer-\\nences which they suggest relating to the power not only of\\nmind over mind, but what is still more at variance with\\npopular conceptions, the power of mind over matter. In this\\npaper, space prevents my introducing many illustrations from\\nthe vast accumulation of Avell-authenticative cases at hand.\\nI shall confine myself to typical cases which open up many\\nvistas for speculation and profound inquiry, while they mate-\\nrially aid in completely revolutionizing old ideas and popular\\nconceptions as to the limitations of the human mind. The\\nfirst illustration I wish to introduce reveals the power of the\\nhuman mind under certain conditions to receive and hold\\nmental pictures, which afterward may express themselves\\nupon the body of the individual in such a manner as to pro-\\nduce well-defined diseases, which naturally resist the well-\\nintentioned drugging of the physician who blindly attacks\\nthe symptoms in his ignorance of the cause of the misery. In\\nProfessor James thoughtful paper on The Hidden Self,\\nhe cites at length a most interesting and suggestive case,\\nprimarily recorded by M. Pierre Janet, Professor of Philoso-\\nphy in tiie Lycee of Havre, in his volume entitled De 1\\nAutomatisme Psychologique. f\\nIn presenting this case I cannot do better than give verba-\\ntim Professor James admirable summary, which is as fol-\\nlows\\nFrom IS.-.o to ISCOIivi.iictisiii was used on a lar^e ^cmIo by Dr. Es.lailp, lienc! surgeon\\nat till li(\u00c2\u00bbiiital of Calcutla. In ix years lie perlMniicd -ix iiuu lr. .l ..[h rations on\\nbviiuotized ]liu(l(Mis, and a, minniittee of surgeons and |.li\\\\ -iiians apin liiitcd by the\\nIndian i;(iveriiiuent ti-stiiieil to his ureat success, wlii li was (diietly derivcci irom the\\nfact that the most ditticult oiierati ins coidd uMially he made without a sifin of pain\\nfrom the patient, and witliout inenmrv when tlie\\\\ awaked, of what had been done to\\nthem. The Hindoos, liowivcr, are said to In- very susceptible to hypnotism.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 [Dr.\\nFrederick Bjornstriun, in his work on Hypnotism.]\\nt This work comprises about five hundred pages. It served as the author s thesis\\nfor doctorate of Science in Paris and produced a great sensation when given to the\\nscientific world.", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "166 persons, places auC) 1It)eas.\\nThe story is that of a young girl of nineteen named Marie,\\nwho came to the hospital in an almost desperate condition, with\\nmonthly convulsive crises, chill, fever, delirium, attacks of terror,\\netc., lasting for days, together with various shifting anaesthesias\\nand contractures all the time, and a fixed blindness of the left\\neye. At first M. Janet, divining no particular psychological\\nfactor in the case, took little interest in the patient, who re-\\nmained in the hospital for seven months, and had all the usual\\ncourses of treatment applied, including water-cure and ordinary\\nhypnotic suggestions, without the slightest good effect.\\nShe then fell into a sort of despair, of which the result was to\\nmake JM. Janet try to throw her into a deeper trance, so as to get,\\nif possible, some knowledge of her remoter psychologic antece-\\ndents, and of the original causes of the disease, of which, in the\\nwaking state and in ordinary hypnotism, she could give no\\ndetinite account. He succeeded even beyond his expectations\\nfor both her early memories and the internal memory of her\\ncrisis returned in the deep somnambulism, and she explained\\nthree things her periodical chill, fever and delirium were due\\nto a foolish immersion of herself in cold water at the age of\\nthirteen. The chill, fever, etc., were consequences which then\\nensued and now, years later, the experience then stamped in\\nupon the brain for the first time was repeating itself at regular\\nintervals in the form of an hallucination undergone by the sub-\\nconscious self, and of which the primar3 personality only expe-\\nrienced the outer results. The attacks of terror were accounted\\nfor by another shocking experience. At the age of sixteen she\\nhad seen an old woman killed by falling from a height and the\\nsub-conscious self, for reasons best known to itself, saw fit to\\nbelieve itself present at this experience also whenever the other\\ncrises came on. The hysterical blindness of her left eye had the\\nsame sort of origin, dating back to her sixth year, wlien she had\\nbeen forced, in spite of her cries, to sleep in the same bed with\\nanother child, the left half of whose face bore a disgusting erup-\\ntion. Tlie result was an eruption on the same parts of her own\\nface, which came back for several years before it disappeared\\nentire!} and left behind it an anaesthesia of the skin and the\\nblindness of the eye. So much for the origin of the poor girl s\\nvarious afflictions. Now for the cure The thing needed was,\\nof course, to get the sub-conscious personality to leave off having\\nthese senseless hallucinations. But they had become so stereo-\\ntyped and habitual that this proved no easy task to achieve.\\nSimple commands were fruitless but M. Janet at last hit upon\\nan artifice, which shows how many resources the successful mind-\\ndoctor must possess. He carried the poor Marie back in imagi-\\nnation to the earlier dates. It proved as easy with her as with", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "HDvpuotism. 167\\nmany othurs when entranced, to produce the hallucination that\\nshe was again a child, all taat was needed being an impressive\\naffirmation to that effect. Accordingly M. Janet, replacing her\\nin this wise at the age of six, made her go through the bed-scene\\nagain, but gave it a different denouement. He made her believe\\nthat the horrible child had no eruption and was charming, so that\\nshe was finally convinced, and caressed without fear this new\\nobject of her imagination. He made her re-enact the scene of\\nthe cold immersion, but gave it also an entirely different result.\\nHe made her live again through the old woman s accident, but\\nsubstituted a comical issue for the old tragical one which had\\nmade so deep an impression. The sub-conscious Marie, passive\\nand docile as usual, adopted these new versions of the old tales;\\nand was apparently either living in monotonous contemplation of\\nthem or had become extinct altogether when M. Janet wrote his\\nbook. For all morbid symptoms ceased as if by magic. It is\\nfive months, our author says, since these experiments were\\nperformed. Marie shows no longer the slightest mark of hysteria.\\nShe is well, and, in particular, has grown quite stout. Her\\nphysical aspect has absolutely changed.\\nA number of similar illustrations might be given, indica-\\nting the susceptibility of the mind in certain conditions to\\nreceive mental pictures, which later, sometimes many years\\nelapsing, are developed in such a manner as to produce the\\nmost aggravated symptoms of disease in the physical body;,\\ndisease which naturally baffles the ordinary drug treatment;\\nindeed, within the past few months I have had my attention\\ncalled to some most remarkable cases, in many respects\\nsimilar to that of Marie, in so far as they relate to severe\\nillness resulting as the expression or development of a fear\\narising from mental pictures of death photographed on the\\nmind in former years, and which stubbornly resisted the\\nusual medical treatment. When, however, the true cause\\nwas revealed, and the image or photograph erased or sug-\\ngested away, rapid recovery followed. Do not understand\\nme to affirm that all sickness is the result of mental pictures,\\nbut incontrovertible facts, observed by the most reliable and\\nunquestionable authorities, do indicate that in some condi-\\ntions the human mind receives upon its marvelously sensi-\\ntive plate, impressions much as the phonograph receives and\\ntreasures up the most delicate notes of the human voice.\\nThe possibilities of this power as revealed in the above illus-\\ntration, and others which might be cited from equally relia-", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "168 persons, places auD IF^eas*\\nble authorities, open a new vista for human thought, and\\naside from the hint of vast and far-reaching significance\\nwhich they give to the medical workl, they open a sugges-\\ntive line of thought for scientists and philosophers. Are\\nhysterical and extremely nervous cases like that of Marie the\\nonly brains susceptible to mental pictures, or is it more proba-\\nble that they are no exceptions to the general rule in so far as\\nthe power of the human mind extends, but that the weakened\\ncondition of the nervous system in these cases calls out,\\ndevelops, or intensifies pictures which suggest death Is it\\nnot reasonable to suppose that the human mind may catch\\nand hold all thoughts and impressions, all pictures and sounds\\nwhich enter the brain? We cannot understand exactly how\\nthe fruit-bearing plant catches, appropriates, and holds in\\nthe laboratory of its being that wonderful fragrance, delicate\\nflavor and the rich, luscious pulp of the fruit which follows\\nthe beautiful and often many-tinted bloom. To me it seems\\nmore probable that the conditions exhibited in the special\\ncases which are usually termed hysterical, are merely the\\ncoming to the surface of some of the hidden mysteries of\\nmind, than that an instrument which by nature and construc-\\ntion was not intended to secure and hold enduring impres-\\nsions should be, through nervous disorder, so radically, nay,\\nalmost functionally, changed as to receive impressions or\\npictures and retain them for years, later expressing them\\non the body, as in the case of Marie. An illustration\\nwhich is important in its bearing on this thought, is given\\nby Prof. J. Luys, member of the Academy of Medicine of\\nParis. In speaking of the power of hypnotism to bring\\nout the hidden, unsuspected treasures of the mind he says,\\nin the course of an able paper in an English review\\nI once heard a young married lad}^ Avho had listened to one of\\nmy lectures repeat the lecture several months afterwards in a\\nstate of somnambulism with the utmost accuracy, reproducing like\\na phonograph the very tones of my voice, using every gesture\\nthat I used, and adapting, too, in a remarkable way, her words to\\nher subject. A year afterwards this lady had still the same ca-\\npacity, and displayed it every time she was put into a state of\\nsomnambulism. And, extraordinary as it may seem, when once\\nawakened she was utterly unable to repeat to me a single word\\nof the lecture. She said she did not listen to it, she understood\\nnot a word of it, and could not say a single line.", "height": "3270", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "Ib^pnotism, i69\\nI am aware that it will be urged that while in cases like\\nMarie s the mind seems largely to dominate the body, indeed\\nso much so as to render the patient a physical wreck until the\\nhypnotizer eradicates the morbid pictures, nevertheless these\\nare troubles more or less dependent upon the nervous organ-\\nism which it is now being grudgingly granted is largely\\nunder the dominion of the mind.*\\nThe narration of a series of experiments which I will now\\ngive, however, carries us a step further, demonstrating that\\nthrough hypnotism sensation may be abolished, false sensa-\\ntion may be established, and that in some cases, at least,\\nresults do not necessarily end with the waking of the sub-\\nject. Some of these instances have great scientific value,\\nrevealing, or at least hinting at, mental possibilities hitherto\\nundreamed-of. They demonstrate the power of mind over\\nmatter (in cases where the subject readily yields to sugges-\\ntions) which a few years ago would have been scornfully\\nrejected by the scientific world as manifestly absurd and\\nimpossible.\\nThe cases in which hypnotism has been substituted for\\nether, chloroform and other anaesthetics, where limbs were\\nto be amputated and other serious surgical operations per-\\nformed, are now so common as to no longer occasion sur-\\nprise, and for lack of space I will content myself with citing\\na few lines from Prof. Wm. James Psychology:\\n*In speaking of the power of snp:.c;estion on the nervous organism, Bjornstrom says\\nThe whole motor apparatus also mav, hv degrees or all at once, become the object\\nof negative suggestion, and bv this all kinds of lameness or paralysis lau be caused.\\nAlso, independently of hvpnciisin. lamciiess has been found as the result of purely\\npsvchical causes. Iii 1869. Russrl Urviiolds. the prominent English pliysician, pub-\\nlished a case of lameness in consequence of spontaneous imagination ol the sutterer\\ndependent on idea A young tiirl lived alone with her father, who, after various\\nsorrows and reverses, grew lame. In order to suii] ort the family the girl had to give\\nlessons, and for this purpose had to walk loni: distances. With anxiety she soon\\nbesan to think that she also miffht become lame, and that their condition would then\\nbecome still worse. Under the influence of thi- idea, which never left her, she began\\nto feel her legs grow weaker and weaker, until she could no longer walk. R., who\\nsoon understood the cause, adopted an exclusively mental treatment; he gradually\\nconvinced her that she was able to walk, and she soon became entirely well.\\nCharcot, Bernheiin, an l others have, however, produced the greatest number of\\nproofs of how easilv paralvsis is caused bv hvpnotic suggestion. Here the lameness\\nmav be confined to one muscle, or to a whole limb, or to certain combined muscular\\nmovements concerned in a certain action sncli as sewing, writing, smoking, sing-\\ning, speakinc, plavinc on the piano, stan.liu walking, etc., etc. By negative sugges-\\ntion, such anaesthesia can be pro(lncc l just as well as systematized paralysis. It\\nwould take too much space further to discuss the many kinds of paralysis that can be\\ncaused, not only with reference to the external result, but with reference to the inter-\\nnal mechanism.\\nAccording to Voisin s experience, mental diseases of many years standing have\\nthus been cured in two or three stances. Hysterical persons have proved most sus-\\nceptible to the method, but he has also succeeded with epileptics, dipsomaniacs, and\\nothers mentally diseased. Finally Voisin exclaims: It would be fortunate for the\\nmentally diseased, if they were all susceptible to hypnotism.", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "170 persons, places ant) H^eas.\\nLegs and breasts may be amputated, children born, teeth ex-\\ntracted, in short the most painful experiences undergone, with no\\nother anresthetic than the hypnotizer s assurance that no pain\\nshall be felt. Similarly morbid pains may be annihilated, neural-\\ngias, toothaches, rheumatisms cured. The sensation of hunger\\nhas thus been abolished, so that a patient took no nourishment\\nfor fourteen days.\\nPhenomena, however wonderful they may be, which occur\\nwhen patients are in the trance, are less important to us in\\nour present pursuit than those Avhich affect the patient in\\nsuch a manner as to reveal the power of mind over body\\nin a waking condition. Such, for instance, as when the\\nhypnoiizer suggests that he has dropped some boiling oil,\\nwater or wax on the patient, when in reality lie only places\\na little cold water or touches the surface with his finger.\\nAfter the subject awakens, however, inflammatory symptoms\\nare soon visible, and a blister ensues, as aggravated in every\\nrespect as if the subject had actually suffered from boiling\\nwax, oil, or water. Experiments of this character have\\nrepeatedly been made by Professor Charcot, of Paris, and\\nnumbers of other scientists. In the July issue of the Pro-\\nceedings of the English Society for Psychical Research, Dr.\\nAlfred Backman, of Kaimar, a well-known Swedish physi-\\ncian and writer, gives the following interesting account of\\nan experiment of this character\\nThe subject whom I consider my best clairvoyant is named\\nAlma Radberg. She is a maid-servant, and is now aged about\\ntwenty-six. As a child and young girl she was sickly and deli-\\ncate, but now, after a course of hypnotic treatment, she is healthy,\\nstrong, and vigorous. She is a very pious and good girl, of some\\nintelligence, and by no means a hysterical person. She has\\nkindly allowed me and some others to make innumerable experi-\\nments on her, and she is extremely susceptible to suggestion, both\\nawake and hypnotized. All kinds of experiments, such as stig-\\nmatization, etc., have been made on her successfully, both in the\\nAvaking and the hypnotic state. I may relate in passing one in-\\nstance that seems to me remarkable. In the middle of an experi-\\nment, I ])ut a drop of water on her arm, suggesting to her that it\\nAvas a drop of burning sealing wax, and that it would produce a\\nblister. During the progress of the experiment, I accidentally\\ntouched the water, making it spread on her skin, whereupon I\\nhastened to wipe it away. The blister, which a]ipeared the next\\nday, extended as far as the water had run, just as if it had been\\na corroding acid.", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "IfD^puottsm. i i\\nI now give .some still more interesting experiments of this\\ncharacter, related by Bjurnstriim in his work on hypnotism\\nWe begin with Beaunis experiment of clianging the beatin2:s\\nof the heart by suggestion. Botli Liebault and Beaunis had\\nnoticed tliat hy suggestion tliey could relieve palpitation and\\nregulate the action of the heart in somnambulists. This subject B.\\nsubmitted to strictly scientific investigation with the aid of the\\nusual instruments of physiologists for recording the movements\\nof the heart and he found clear proofs of the fact, that the\\nheart could be made by suggestion to beat more slowly or more\\nrapidly, probably by stimulating or paralyzing action on the in-\\nhibitory centres of the heart.\\nBut this is not all; by suggestion a much more heightened\\neffect can be produced in this direction. The congestion may be\\ncarried still furtlier to a raised swelling of the skin, to a blister\\n(as from Spanish flies). Concerning this, Beaunis relates the\\nfollownig experiment, for the truth of which he vouches. A\\nskilled physiologist and experienceii experimentalist, he would not\\nallow himself to be easily deceived.\\nThe experiments Avere made on a young girl Elise F., first\\nby Facachon, then also by Beaunis. One day, when Elise com-\\nplained of a pain in the left groin, F. made her believe, after he\\nhad hypnotized her, that a blister would form on the aching spot,\\njust as from a plaster of Spanish tlies. The next morning, there\\nappeared on the left groin a blister filled with serum, although\\nnothing had been ai)plied there.\\nOn another occasion, he cured neuralgia in the region of the\\nright clavicle by merely causing, by suggestion, a blister resem-\\nbling in every respect an ordinary burn. Afterwards several such\\nexperiments were successfully made on Elise. We quote only\\none, which was made under the closest control, before the eyes of\\nseveral scientists Beaunis, Liebault, and others. On the twelfth\\nof May, in 18S5, Elise was hypnotized toward 11 a. m. On her\\nback, at a point which the girl could not possibly reach with her\\nhand, a strip of eight gummed stamps was fastened, after a strip\\nof the same kind had for eighteen hours been applied to the arm\\nof another person, without causing the slightest effect. Over the\\nstamps an ordinary bandage was fixed, so as to simulate a plaster\\nof Spanish flies, and she was three times given to understand that\\nSpanish flies had been applied to lier. She was closely watched\\nduring the day and Avas locked up alone in lier chamber over\\nnight, after she had been put in hypnotic sleep with the assertion\\nthat she was not going to awake until seven o clock on the follow-\\ning morning, which took place punctually. An hour later,\\nF. removed the bandage in the presence of Bernheim, Liegeois,", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "172 persons, places an^ UDeas.\\nLiebault, Beaunis, etc. It was first ascertained that the\\nstamps had not been disturbed. They were removed and the\\nunderlying surface of the skin now showed the following changes\\non a space of four or five centimetres the epidermis was thicker,\\nyellowish white, and infiamed, but as yet not raised into blisters;\\nthe surrounding skin showed intense redness and swelling to the\\nextent of Jialf a centimetre. The spot was covered with a dry\\ncompress, in order to be further investigated later on three\\nhours after, the spot had the same appearance. At 4 p. m, the\\nspot was photographed, and it now showed four or five blisters,\\nwhich also plainly appeared in the ])hotogi aph. These blisters\\ngradually increased and secreted a thick, milky serum. On the\\ntwenty-eighth of May fourteen da3-s later the spot was still\\nin full suppuration.\\nOn the thirtieth of May, F. produced by suggestion another\\nSpanish fly blister on her arm.\\nThis case is not the onlj^ one. On another girl Marie G. who\\nhad for three months suffered greatly from neuralgia, F. produced\\nby suggestion two such blisters in succession, each the size of a\\nfive-franc piece, one below the left ear, the other on the left tem-\\nple. These required forty-eight hours to become fully develoj^ed.\\nThe neuralgia disappeared after twelve hypnotic seances. After\\nthese successes, F, tried on Elise an experiment in the opposite\\ndirection, that is, by negative suggestion to make a real Spanish\\nfly plaster inactive. For this purpose a plaster was cut into thiee\\nparts the first was applied to Elise s left arm, the second to her\\nright arm, the third on a sick person who needed such treatment.\\nElise was hypnotized and F. made her believe that the plaster on\\nher left arm would not have any effect. This took place at 11\\nA. M. Elise Avas closely watched until 8 p. m., when the ban-\\ndage was removed, after F. had satisfied himself that it had not\\nbeen disturbed. On her left ai-m the skin was unchanged, on her\\nright the skin was red and showed the beginning of a formation\\nof a blister. The plaster was again ap])lied after three-quar-\\nters of a hour a normal blister was found on the right arm, but\\non the left nothing.\\nThe third piece, which was placed on the abdomen of the\\nother patient, had raised a large blister after eight hours.\\nSeveral other physicians have related similar facts. As early\\nas 1840, Louis Prejalmini, the Italian physician, mentions similar\\nexperiments, when with magnetized paper he caused the same\\neffect as Avith Spanish files. It is evident that the active cause\\nwas not the magnetized paper, but the suggestion.\\nSometliing perhaps no more remarkable, but interesting as\\ngiving further proof of the potential power of mind over", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0080\u00a2ffD^pUOtism. 173\\nmatter, is seen in the following experiment related by Prof.\\nWni. James in his Psychology\\nChanges in the nutrition of the tissues may be produced by\\nsuggestion. These effects lead into therapeutics a subject\\nwhich I do not propose to treat here. But I may say that there\\nseems no reasonable ground for doubting that in certain chosen\\nsubjects the suggestion of a congestion, a burn, a blister, a raised\\npapule, or bleeding from the nose or skin, may produce the\\neffect. Messrs. Beaunis, Berjon, Bernheim, Bourru, Burot,\\nCharcot, Delboeuf, Dumontpalher, Facachon, Forel, Jendrassik,\\nKrafft-Ebing, Liebault, Liegeois, Lipp, Mabille and others have\\nrecently vouched for one or other of these effects. Messrs.\\nDelboeuf and Liegeois have annulled by suggestion, one the\\neffects of a burn, the other of a blister. Delboeuf was led to\\nhis experiments after seeing a burn on the skin produced by sug-\\ngestion, at the Salpetriere, by reasoning that if the idea of\\na pain could produce inflammation it must be because pain was\\nitself an inflammatoiy irritant, and that the abolition of it from a\\nreal burn ought, therefore, to entail the absence of inflammation.\\nHe apjMed the actual cautery [as well as vesicants] to symmet-\\nrical places on the skin, affirming that no pain should be felt on\\none of the sides. The restdt teas a dry scorch on that side, with\\n[as he assures me] no after-murh, but on the other side a regular\\nblister with suppuration and a subsequent scar. This explains\\nthe innocuity of certain assaults made on subjects during trance.\\nTo test simulation, recourse is often had to sticking pins under\\ntheir finger-nails or through their tongue, to inhalations of strong\\nammonia, and the like. These irritations, when not felt by the\\nsubject, seem to leave no after-consequences.\\nA great number of similar cases of the most authentic\\ncharacter might be cited. I, however, have found it neces-\\nsary to confine myself to brief summaries of interesting\\nexperiments by eminent scientific specialists, which clearly\\nhint at the power of the human mind. And what a world\\nof thought these clearly demonstrated facts open up. How\\nmany legitimate inferences are in them embodied, as for\\nexample (1) the power of the mind to catch, hold, and per-\\nhaps in after years express the mental picture received in\\nformer years, as illustrated in the first class of cases cited.\\n(2) The absolute domination of the human will by another\\nmind, even to the degree of obliteration of consciousness and\\nsensation, so that at the suggestion of the operator, a patient\\nmay imagine he is enjoying a delicious banquet, at the very", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "174 persons, places aub UDeas.\\ntime when a limb is being amputated. (3) The absolute\\npower of mind over matter, as emphaszied in the cases cited\\nby Doctors Bjornstrom and Backman, and Professor Wm.\\nJames. Of course it must be understood that these results\\nwere obtained onl}- in cases where the subjects were\\npeculiarly sensitive to the suggestion of the hypnotizer,\\nwhere the mind was plastic as clay in the hand of the sculp-\\ntor. Yet it none the less proves the potential power of the\\nhuman mind over even the flesh of the body. It serves\\nclearly to reveal, as I have before observed, a potential\\nsupremacy of mind over matter undreamed of a generation\\nago. For, after granting that the subjects come under this\\npower only by virtue of a negative condition of the mind or\\na weakened nervous condition, they indicate none the less\\nsignificantly the power of the mind over the body. Indeed\\nwe could not expect a more general exhibition of receptivity\\nof the power of the mind, when we consider the natural\\nresult of ages of education, when notwithstanding all talk\\nto the contrary, the mind has in reality been subordinated to\\nthe appetites, the passions and desires of the body; while\\nphilosophy, as well as physical science, have for generations\\nschooled the human intellect to look with suspicion on\\neverything save what appealed to the physical senses;\\nhence all mental phenomena necessarily encounter among\\nthe educated, the repellant waves of incredulity, even when\\nthere is an absence of actual hostility. In this connection it\\nis interesting to note the observations of Drs. Milne Bram-\\nwell and Lloyd Storr Best in an able paper on hypnotism in\\nThe Neiv Revieiv\\nOn the other hand, the powpr of suggestion to produce sleep\\ncnnnot be denied, nor can hysterical subjects be regarded as\\nalone presenting the phenomena of hj^imotism in their complete\\ndevelopment.\\nTlie writers of the present paper, having carefully repeated the\\nmost important experiments of the Nancy school, are convinced\\nof the truth of Liebault s statement, that i)ersons in the enjoy-\\nment of perfect health are often extremely susceptible to hypnotic\\ninfluence.\\nProfoundly interested in the science, and wishing to verify the\\nextraordinary results obtained by the school of Nancy, we insti-\\ntuted some time back a series of experiments, taking as subjects\\nany healthy male who would voluntarily submit to the trial.\\nTliese experiments were eminently successful, for out of a total of", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "IFD^puotism. 175\\nfifty cases not only was there no single instance of failure, but in\\nthe great majority complete somnambulism was produced.\\nGreat misconception appears to exist in England concerning the\\nnumber and nature of those who may be hypnotized instance the\\nfollowing quotation from Science Jottings in the Illustrated\\nLondon JYeios, May 3,1890: It is impossible to hypnotize\\neveryone and, as far as my experience of it goes, only in the\\ncase of the intellectually sensitive shall I add weak? can hyp-\\nnotism hope to secure its most characteristic effects. The emi-\\nnent physiologist Beaunis is, on the contrary, of the opinion that\\neveryone is more or less susceptible to hypnotic influence, and\\nour own experience goes far to confirm this, for out of several\\nhundreds of patients treated hypnotically we have not yet met\\nwith one whom we might fairly class amongst the non-influ-\\nences.\\nAs to the nature of those who are most easily influenced,\\nwe And the greatest difficulty presented in cases such as those\\nabove quoted, while educated non-neurotic subjects, who are\\ncapable of concentrating their attention on the mental picture of\\nsleep presented to them, are nearly if not quite as easily hypno-\\ntized as the credulous j)easant.\\nThis goes far toward confirming our view, that it is more\\nreasonable to regard the phenomenon of the mind controlling\\nthe body [to such an extent as that given above] as the revela-\\ntion of power inherent in mind, but weakened and no\\nlonger assertive through centuries of false education, in\\nwhich the body has received supreme attention along these\\nspecial lines, than to sup[)()se that this marvelous extension\\nof the limitations of mind, this supremacy of mind over\\nbody, is due merely to a diseased or immature state of the\\nmind, as is argued by the same conservative thinkers who\\nfirst dogmatically denied the possibility of the hypnotic\\npower, then grudgingly admitted to it in rare cases of\\nhysterical females, and who now declare that it is merely\\nthe outcropping of a rapidly disappearing and immature state\\nof man s mental and nervous organism. Another thought in\\nthis connection is valuable, and that is, the value of hyp-\\nnotism as a moral asfent.* A gfreat number of drunkards have\\n*I am aware of the great cry which has q:one forth as to the dang:ers of hypnotism,\\nnor woulil I ill anv wav miiiifv the (lanuer. \\\\11 sreat discoveries carry with them\\nthe iHi-siliilitiosd f cvii. Tala- for rxiiiiiplc rlnrricity or steam, which in the hands of\\nthe ignorant or evilv iUs]i(i-e(l iiiav work -n-.ir iiijurv andbe a terrible curse. Even the\\nbrilliant iiower of the orator if unaccompanied bv moral rectitude, may prove a preat\\ncurse, as has so often been exhibited. So hypnotism in the hands of the ignorant\\nor the base may and often has proved a terrible curse. This, however, is no reason\\nwhvit should be discarded, nor does it prove that it is in itself injurious. While on\\nthe other hand Drs. Bramwell and Best, quoted elsewhere, declare that where proper", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "176 persons, places auD llDeas.\\nbeen redeenied through this agency, while criminal propen-\\nsities in children have been greatly modified, and in many\\ninstances entirely removed, by suggestions. Liebault claims\\nto have employed hypnotism as a moral agent in several\\nthousands of cases, always with beneficial results. While\\nin reply to the cry so frequently raised by conservative phy-\\nsicians who know little about hypnotism, that it weakens\\nthe mind. Dr. Hamilton Osgood, one of the leading physi-\\ncians of Boston, and a gentleman who has had probably\\ngreater experience in suggestion than any other New Eng-\\nland doctor, declares that in his practice he has seen nothing\\nbut beneficial results and increasing vigor, mental as well\\nas bodily, from its employment when indicated.\\nIV.\\nIn this paper, ni}^ first purpose was to indicate the fact\\nthat even in the scientific world, the old ideas of mental\\nlimitation have radically changed. The closed door has been\\n23artially opened. We have caught a glimpse of the potential-\\nity of the Imman mind. Moreover, evidence of the most un-\\nquestioned character is day by day being accumulated, which\\nprecantions are taken, no injurious effects will follow hypnotism, when intelligent\\nand conscientious persons exercise tliis power. On this point these physicians\\ndeclare\\nAt the commencement of our hypnotic practice we were much perplexed by the\\ndifficulty of flndins some efficient means of preserving the personality and will of\\npatients intact. We were fortunate enough, however, to diso ^r w hat has. u]) to the\\npresent, proved a perfect safeguard, which consists in the nii tai]t inculcatidu\\nduring hypnosis of two idees fixes to the effect that no one shmild he ahle tn liy|iu(itize\\nthe patient without his express jiermission, and that nosugge.slidu shuuhl beellectual\\nwhich would be disapprove! liy liiin in his normal condition. This precaution has\\nbeen found thus far eminent i\\\\ -uii-iactory.\\nOnce let the general 1111 111 ie h.- m.nie acquainted with the necessity of the above-\\nmentioned precautions, ami all ilauLier of undue intluenee being exerted by the\\nmedieal man will \\\\ani-li. Aii\\\\ pi i-.,ii presenting himself for hypnotic treatment\\nwould hi iie^ nil hiiii a tni-ted 1 riiiid, wlio slmuld see that these two ideas were\\nsuggested \\\\n liini ai each li\\\\pii(it i/al inn, until iircdound hypnosis was produced.\\nDr. Hamilioii (\u00c2\u00bb-u. oil, in an ahle atldress before the Boston Society for Medical\\nImprovemeiii i.h-cr\\\\cs: In a letter I have just received from Lit^bault, he says,\\nThe accideni- m h\\\\iniotism are due wholly to the ignorant or giddy tricks of the\\noperator, and, lie continues: In the I eriie de V HyimotAsme for December last,\\nBernheim gives utterance to his latest views after nine years of hypnotic practice,\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0with reference to the dangers of hypnotism. In this extract from a lecture to his\\nstudents, he says Does suggestion as we practise it, with a therapeutic object,\\npresent any danger whatever? It is a singular thing that some years ago. I\\nrecall that when a practice more bloody than hypnotism ovariotomy made its\\nentrance into modern surgery, eminent professors in the society of surgery were\\nfound, who said This operation belongs to the office of the public executioner.\\nTo-day, ovariotomy no longer has .nny enemies. One. goes so far as to perform the\\noperation upon thi- hy rcrical nndei pretext of curing them. Ko \\\\ni,c is raised\\nagainst this pniccdnic, hut anaihcnias are poured ui)o n the inoffeii-i\\\\c --iii:uc-tion\\nwhich does cure li\\\\ tcria. 1 apijcal to the numerous students and collcamic~. who for\\nseveral years lia\\\\e followed my clinic If you have seen a solitary fact wliicli bears\\nv;itness to a serious inconvenience in the suggestive method, when well applied,\\nannounce it.\\nI have seen many neuroses cured I have never seen one caused by suggestion. I\\nhave seen the intelligence restored I have never seen a mind enfeebled by suggestion.", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "IfDppnotism, 177\\nindicates the opening of vistas in psychical realms far more\\nsurprising and suggestive than those already exhibited in\\nhypnotism which are accepted by science. Such discoveries\\nas that referred to by Prof. Oliver Lodge in the follow-\\ning extract from his annual address, elsewhere mentioned:\\nIt is possible tliat an idea can be transferred from one person to\\nanother by a process such as we have not yet grown accustomed\\nto, and know practically nothing about. In this case I have\\nevidence. I assert that I have seen it done, and am perfectly\\nconvinced of the fact. Many others are satisfied of the truth of\\nit too. Why must we speak of it with bated breath, as of a thing\\nof which we are ashamed? What right have we to be ashamed\\nof a truth\\nThis strange phenomenon is popularly termed telepathy.\\nThe evidences of clairvoyance or of soul projection, automatic\\nwriting, and other remarkable psychic phenomena are being\\nrapidly accumulated since sincere and patient scientific think-\\ners have engaged in the work. It will take much time to\\novercome the prejudice which exists in the popular mind,\\nand to accumulate such a mass of indisputable evidence as to\\ncompel the tardy acce])tance of those eminent in other fields\\nof thought, who without examination have scornfully dis-\\nmissed the subject; yet enough has been given to the world\\nto convince those who are searching for the truth that we are\\non the threshold of a new realm of discovery, a realm which\\nmay some day mark another step in man s evolutionary\\nprogress. Let us not be dogmatic, ever remembering the\\nthoughtful words of Braid, Unlimited scepticism is equally\\nthe child of imbecility as implicit credulity.", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "Crucial flDoincnts in IRational %\\\\tc.\\nHumanity is rising. Life, as a wliole, is ascending. This fact\\nwill become obvious if we trace the progress of man from the\\ndawn of history to the present time, in such a comprehensive\\nmanner as to include the people in the aggregate rather than\\nspecial classes, and when Ave also bear in mind the fact that\\nraces, civilizations and nations, no less than individuals, have\\ntheir periods of depression and exaltation, that at moments in\\nthe existence of peoples and nationalities, no less than in the\\ncourse of individual development, great crises arise. Two gates\\nopen before the people; two paths are visible; a choice is 9nade\\nbetween self love and divine love. Then one gate closes, and for\\na generation, a century or a cycle, the life of the nation, race or\\ncivilization slowly rises or falls. These supreme moments are\\ndestiny-tixing in character they give a trend to thought, and\\nthought coloi s life. If the higher impulses rule, if the divine\\nrises superior to the animal, or, in a woi d, if the spirit of All\\nfor all is more potent tlian the spirit of All for self, the\\ncivilization, race or nation is rejuvenated. It receives a moral\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2uplift a baptism from above, which is the o,i t/gen of the higher\\nlife.\\nWhile, however, it is true that taken as a whole, and compar-\\ning various stages of deiu-ession and exaltation with correspond-\\ning stages in the ebb and flow of nations and civilizations, it Avill\\nbe found that humanity is slowly rising, tlie important fact must\\nnot be ignored that the rise of man is accelerated or retarded by\\nthe influence of the individual. No one is absolutely negative.\\nEvery life exerts an upvmrd lift or a dowmcard jyressure, and\\ntherefore a grave responsibility rests upon each human soul.\\nWhen individuals forget the sacred duty imposed upon them and\\nabandon the cause of justice, progress and humanity for material\\ncomfort and selfish gratification, manhood from the zenitli to the\\nnadir of social life suffers for the sins committed. When a\\nnation comes to worship gold rather than goodness, so that the\\npoor and unfortunate are grouiul to servitude, while rare, sensi-\\ntive natures, M hose ideals are high and whose thought runs\\nahead of the time, are systematically misrepresented, abused and\\nmisinterpreted, that nation enters upon a fatal decline which,", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "Crucial /IDoinents in iRatioiial Xite. no\\nthongli it may he lingering as a slow consumption, must termi-\\nnate in death, unless tlie people can be aroused so that opinion-\\nforming currents, which have become polluted by the gold of\\navarice, no longer influence them, and, under the impulsion of a\\nnew hope and a grim determination to secure justice, an awakened\\nmanhood succeeds in changing the current of national life.\\nWhen in the history of a nation the shell of conventionalism\\nencrusts a civilization, a gross and deadly materialism crushes\\nfaith and hope, turns the index-finger downwai-d, and sneers at\\nthe ideals of duty, justice and love by whose leverage the world\\nis raised; when human sympathy becomes paralyzed in conse-\\nquence of self-absorption when capital becomes more precious\\nthan human rights; when life is less sacred than property; when\\nthe letter is enlarged and the s\\\\nrit disregarded when theolooy\\nmagnifies the importance of form, rite and ritual while industry\\nbegs in vain for employment when Avidows starve and orphans\\ngrow up amid an environment of moral death; when divine love\\nis at a discount, and the faith so loudly proclaimed by the lips\\nfinds no responsive echo in the deep recesses of the soul then\\nwe have the melancholy spectacle of a nation which has reached\\na point beyond which it cannot go without forever losing the\\nsoul which made progress possible, and which alone held the ele-\\nment of perpetual rejuvenation. Then the voice of the divine\\nspeaks through })rophets, poets and seers, crying Choose. On\\nthe one side are duty, justice, love and stern morality; on the\\nother the selfishness of pure animalism expressed in luxury,\\nvoluptuousness and venality. The moment is supreme. The\\ncoronal region struggles with the basilar for final supremacy, and\\nthe issue is life or death; not necessarily a sudden going out if\\nthe lower triumphs, for sometimes, as in the civilization of Rome,\\na slow and terrible agony of decay precedes the final downfall.\\nWe are to-day facing one of these great crises. Professor\\nGeorge D. Herron voices the common conviction of earnest\\nstudents of social conditions when he says\\nWe are in tlie begiuuiugs of a revolution tliat will strain all existing\\nreligious and political institutions, and test the wisdom and heroism of\\nthe earth s purest and bravest souls. It will not do to say the revolu-\\ntion is not coming, or pronounce it of the devil, devolutions, even in\\ntheir wildest forms, are the impulses of God moving in tides of tire\\nthrough the life of man.\\nThe slogan cry of All for all is far more noble than the\\ncreed All for self Avhicli has held sway in the past. The\\ndogma of the divine right of propert}^ has too long obscured the\\nrights of man. Plundering by law may be safe, but it is not\\nmoral, and throwing a few millions of acquired gold into the lap\\nof philanthropy, conventional education or a church more awake", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "180 persons, places an UDeas.\\non the material than the spiritual side of her being, may be\\npolitic, but such acts do not take away the woe pronounced by\\nJesus upon the Pharisees who paid tithes and posed as philan-\\nthi-opists while they devoured widows houses and ignored\\nthe weightier matters of the law, such as judgment and\\nmercy.\\nThe hoitl- for dreaming is past. Not a moment is to be lost if\\nthe republic is to be redeemed. From this time forward plain\\nspeaking will be in order. The time for the soul to assert its\\nsupremacy has arrived blessed is the man or woman who makes\\nthe great renunciation, and consecrates life to the caus^ of the\\npeople and for the restoration of the republic from the rule of\\nthe Assyrians.\\nHast thou chosen, O my people, on whose party thou shalt stand,\\nEre the doom from its worn sandals shakes the dust against our land?\\nThough the cause of evil prosper, yet tis truth alone is strong,\\nAnd, alheit she wander outcast now, I see around her throng\\nTroops of beautiful tall angels, to enshield her from all wrong.\\nHe s true to God who s true to man; wherever wrong is done,\\nTo the humblest and the weakest, neath the all-beholding sun,\\nThat wrong is also done to us; and they are slaves most base,\\nWhose love of right is for themselves, and not for all their race.\\nTis ours to save our brethren, with peace and love to win\\nTheir darkened hearts from error, ere they harden it to sin;\\nBut if before his duty man with listless spirit stands.\\nErelong the Great Avenger takes the work from out his hands.", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "IRoom for tbc Soul of flDaiu\\nSome poets insist that art must not be made the servant of\\nutility. They tell us that poetry, when it descends to plead for\\nthe oppressed, the poor and the miserable, becomes intolerable\\nmark the Avord descends. Art for art s sake, and above all, poetry\\nfor art alone such is their creed. Some of these singers dwell\\nin the shadows of Niobe, chanting sad, sweet strains others iiit\\nin joy-lit, love-laden sunbeams, making the heart glad, as swallow-\\nlike they skim the surface of human emotion. Others there are\\nwith profounder genius, who sound the depths of the soul and\\nstir our inmost being. Still all unite in the clamor of art for art s\\nsake. Why should the muse soil her robes with the mud of the\\nslums Why should the music in her voice carry the heart-cry\\nof the starving? Why should the fate of the girl struggling fox-\\nvirtue in the face of starvation, or the man striving for work that\\nhis loved ones may not die, concern her? Is she not patrician\\nIs not her votive shrine unsullied marble? Ah, they tell us that\\nAvhen art descends mark the Avord to the commonplace\\ndetails of life, poetry takes wings. These champions of art for\\nart s sake, sneer at the prophet poets, whose trumpet tones arouse\\nthe sleeping conscience. They scorn the poets of the people,\\nwho voice living wrongs, and who unmask injustice endured by\\nthe poor. Sing if you will, they say, of the wrongs of other\\nages the horrors of classic Greece, the shame of ancient Rome;\\nthis is legitimate. But do not draggle the stainless rolje of\\npoetry in the mud of the present-day misery. This contention\\nis not new. It is the old cry of the dilettante against the utili-\\ntarian. It is an echo of the vanished past, which conservatism\\ntreasures as a melody divine. It is the cry of a waning power.\\nAfter the gladiator s brawn came the supremacy of brain. Now\\nroom for the soul. Art must be rescued from the bondage of\\nages brutalized by the supremacy of selfishness. As long as\\nthere remains a starving soul, brain, or body, as long as there\\nremains a tear un dried or a wrong unrighted, the highest mission\\nof poetry and song will be in tlie domain of utility. Victor\\nHugo, the peerless poet prophet of the nineteenth century, has", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "182 {persons, places auD ll^eas.\\nperhaps better than any one else defended art from lier traducers\\nin these thought-freighted words\\nBe of some service. Do not be fastidious when so much depends on\\nbeing efficient and good. Art for art s sake may be very tine, but art for\\nprogress is liner still. To dream of castles in Spain is well; to dream of\\nUtopia is better. Ah you must think? Then think of making man\\nbetter.\\nBut critics protest: To undertake the cure of social evils, to amend\\nthe codes, to impeach law in the court of right, to utter those hideous\\nwords, penitentiary, convict-keeper, galley-slave, girl of the\\ntown to inspect the police registers, to conduct t\\\\e business of dis-\\npensaries, to study the questions of wages and want of work, to taste the\\nblack bread of the poor, to scfk labor for the working woman, to con-\\nfront fashionable idleness with ragged sloth, to tlirow down the parti-\\ntion of ignorance, to open schools, to teach little ones how to read; to\\nattack shame, infamy, error, vice, crime, want of conscience; to preach\\nthe multiplication of spelling books, to proclaim the equal right to sun-\\nlight, to improve the food of intellects and hearts, to give meat and drink,\\nto demand solutions for problems, and shoes for naked feet, these things\\nare not the business of the azure. Art is the azure. Yes, art is the\\nazure but the azure from above, whence falls the ray which swells the\\nwheat, yellows the maize, rounds the apple, gilds the orange, sweetens\\nthe grape. Again, I say, a further service is an added beauty. At all\\nevents, where is the diminution? To ripen the beet-root, to water the\\npotato, to increase the yield of lucern, of clover, or of hay; to be a fel-\\nlow-workman with the plowman, the vine-dresser and the gardener,\\nthis does not deprive the heavens of one star. Ah immensity does not\\ndespise utility.\\nYet people insist that to compose social poetry, human poetry, popu-\\nlar poetry, to grumble against the evil and laud the good, to be the\\nspokesman of public wrath, to insult despots, to make knaves despair,\\nto emancipate man before he is of age, to push souls forward and dark-\\nness backward, to know that there are thieves and tyrants, to clean\\npenal cells, to tlush the sewer of i^ublic uncleanness, shall Polyhymnia\\nbare her arm to these sordid tasks? Why not?\\nMany of our poets, especially those dear to the hearts of the\\npeople, have realized that the supreme mission of art -svas to he the\\nhandmaid of justice, progress and liberty. Whittier appreciated\\nthis. His heart burned with that ethical fire wdiich sends light-\\nning coursing through the veins of peaceful people when occasion\\ndemands. On the altar of utility he placed much of his noblest\\nAvork. Lowell in his earlier days, before the plaudits of the\\ndilettante and the enervating spell of conventionalism tamed the\\nfervid zeal of a nature naturally in alignment with the highest\\nimpulses of justice and freedom, gave us verses which will be\\nan inspiration for generations to come. Gerald Massey, perhaps\\nmore than any other of the people s poets of England which this\\ngeneration has produced, apprehended the true mission of song\\nand William Morris, in his latest ])oems, shows that the dilettante\\npoet of yesterday has been touched by the higher truth. The\\npopular poet of to-morrow will be a soul-awakened man. The cry\\nof the oppressed for justice, the voice of ignorance j^leading for", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "IRoom tor tbc Soul of /iDan. i^-^\\nlight, the muffled sob of man-made misery, will l)e ever surging\\nin his ear compelling him to lay his soul s best gift on the altar\\nof ntiUty.\\nThe age of brawn failed to give man peace and happiness.\\nThe age of intellectual supremacy has likewise failed to satisfy\\nthe craving of the human soul. The next step will be into the\\nbroad domain of ethics, where justice, freedom and fraternity\\nwill be taken in their broadest significance; where the hoiizon\\nwill not be limited by i)rejudice nor fettered by ancient thought\\nwhere the chains of dogma will fall from the shackled mind, and\\nthe broad spirit of love will pervade all society. In the ushering\\nin of this new order, we mnst summon all that makes for beauty,\\nnobility and unfoldment, in ai t, music and song. They must be\\nrallied under the banner of utilitarianism. The highest voicings\\nof the soiil must permeate every recess of the brain of the mor-\\nrow. The ideal enunciated by Jesus, the sublime truths which\\nhaunted the brain of the ancient Stoics of Greece and Rome, the\\nvision which was ever Avith Confucius, the lofty craving of\\nGautama, and the evangel sung by the noblest singers of the\\nnineteenth century, must be realized the s nd must blossom\\nwith the brain. I re])eat, in the service of the higher civilization,\\nnow persistently forcing itself upon the conscience of millions of\\nthoughtful people, all lives imbued M ith the thought of the age,\\nall brains made luminous with love, must j)lace their chaplets on\\nthe altar of utility. The poet and the singer must touch the\\nhear t of the people. The orator, the minister and the essayist\\nof the new time must sink self, sinl: the dogmatism of the bloody\\npast, sink the prejudice and bigotry of the night of the ages, and,\\nfacing the dawn with spirit brave, fearless and loving, demand\\njustice for all men. The philosopher and the philanthropist must\\nalso allow their vision to extend. The present demands palliative\\nmeasures. Do not despise them, O j^hilosopher commend, aid\\nand assist all work for the amelioration of human misery, pointing\\nout, however, that they are, in the nature of things, only tempo-\\nrary. Great fundamental economic changes must be brought\\nabout, O ])hilanthropist and the sooner you realize this, the\\nbetter for the generation f)f to-day and the generations yet un-\\nborn. You cannot cure the ])atient by palliatives. Injustice is\\nat the root of the disease. Therefore, while pushing forward\\nthy noble labor for palliation, strike hands with the philosopher\\nin this new crusade, and let all who love humanity swell the\\nanthem of progress.", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "^bc auoucit present\\nLife is a mission. \u00e2\u0080\u0094Mazzini.\\nTo-day is a king in disguise. \u00e2\u0080\u0094i mersou.\\nThe golden age is before, not behind. Charles Sumner.\\nTo live is to have justice, truth, reason, devotion, probity, sincerity, common\\nsense, right, and duty welded into the heart. To live is to know what one is worth\\nwhat one can do, and should do. Life is conscieuce. Victor Hufjo.\\nThe present is big with possibilities for the human race.\\nEvei V man, woman and child with convictions can be real\\nfactors in the march of progress. The oppoi tunities\\nafforded to-day come only to those who live in transition\\neras, in periods of widespread and profound unrest. To\\nthose who desire to help the world onward, but who are\\nchafing under the limitations which hedge them round\\nabout, I would sa} your opportunities to-day for leaving a\\nlasting impression on civilization are far greater than those\\nenjoyed by men and women who have occupied more com-\\nmanding positions in ages marked by contentment, or in\\nperiods wlien sullen hoj)elessness rankled in the hearts of\\nearth s millions. .Vnd this brings me to the point I wish\\nto emphasize, because it shows r//// no man or woman need\\nbe a cipher in society at the present time.\\nNations and civilizations, no less than individuals, pass\\nthrough great crises or turning points in existence, when\\nfate holds up the interrogation point and cries Choose\\nand after the choice has been made, periods of comparative\\nquiet follow. Sometimes they are eras of contentment,\\nwhen the public mind may be compared to the jiulsatiug\\nocean lulled into a profound calm; there is motion there\\nare the multitudinous wavelets and ripples but as a whole\\nthe vast expanse is tranquil. At other times the thought-\\nweaves are fatal to growth, because they are poisoned with\\nhate, trillions of men and women, having lost hope, feel\\nthemselves vanquished by cunning or power in a struggle\\nfor justice, freedom and happiness, and they naturally send\\nforth an atmosphere of sullen, hopeless bitterness, while\\nfrom the masterful few in society the dominant or prevail-\\ning spirit is that of the alert conqueror rather than the\\ncompassionate brother. This condition is especially unfav-\\norable to growth in an upward direction. There may be\\nbloody outbreaks, but they are the struggles of brute", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "Ube BuGust present. iss\\npitted against brute, a contest in which hate and savageiy\\neclipse the divine, and the immediate result of such strug-\\ngles will always be appalling, though to the student of\\nhistory they will occasion no surprise; indeed he will see\\nthat they have been rendered inevitable through the inhu-\\nmanity and brutality of man.\\nIn contrast with these periods of contentment and night-\\nmares of hate, there are the epochs of light and growth\\nsupreme moments, which accomplish for humanity more\\nduring the space of a generation than is achieved in cen-\\nturies when the brain of man is dormant, or when he lives\\nin an atmosphere of despair. These epochs of unrest,\\nthough they be accompanied by the pangs of labor, are tlie\\nbirthdays of progress; they lift man from a lower to a\\nhigher state; they unfold to him a broader horizon than he\\nhas hitherto conceived to be ]\u00c2\u00bbossible. Such periods are at\\nonce the inspiration and the hope of civilization.\\nOne of the most striking illustrations of a luminous age\\nin the annals of a single people is afforded by the history\\nof Greece from 500 to 400 B. C. This century witnessed the\\ndeclining years of Pythagoras and the opening manhood of\\nPlato. It was also made immortal by .Eschylus the\\nShakespere of Greece Sophocles and Euripides; Herodo-\\ntus, the father of history; Thucydides, the Athenian histo-\\nrian; Xenophon, the soldier and historian; Hippocrates,\\nthe father of medicine; Pericles, the statesman and ])atron\\nof learning and art; Pheidias, the greatest of all sculptors;\\nand Socrates.\\nIn the annals of our civilization the first century of what\\nhistorians term modern times, or the Renaissance, furnishes\\nanother example of an epoch of unrest, or an age of the\\ninterrogation point. Here we seen an awakening extending\\nover many nations and reflecting the mental and ethical\\nconditions of more than one stage of growth, as well as the\\nsocial and national characteristics of various peoples. This\\nwas the most marked awakening known to w^estern civiliza-\\ntion. It w%as an ei a in wiiich the ])ast and present were\\nchallenged, and the future critically interrogated. It was\\na time of unrest and of growth, and responding to the exhil-\\narating but disturbing thought-waves which surged over\\nwestern Europe, we find Savonarola, Erasmus, Luther,\\nZwingli, Calvin, Melanchthon, Latimer and Knox calling\\nthe church to judgment. Rabelais employs the shafts of\\nmerciless satire against hypocrisy. Sir Thomas IMore\\nreveals the essential brutality, injustice and absurdity of\\npolitical and social conditions, by contrasting the civiliza-", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "186 persons, places an^ lIDeas.\\ntion of bis time with his Utopian commonwealtli. Aii ;elo,\\nKaphael, Da Vinci, Correggio, Titian, and their eompauious\\nin the field of art, made the stiff, narrow and wooden paint-\\nings of tlie Darli Ages appear harsli and crude in the i\u00c2\u00bbres-\\nence of truer and freer expressions of genius untrammelled.\\nCopernicus interrogated the heavens; olumbus discovered\\nthe New World; asco de Cirama reached the Indies by way\\nof Cape of Good Hope; Magellan s ships circumnavigated\\nthe globe.\\nThe press which Gutenberg invented a few years prior\\nto the opening of this century aided marvellously in stimu-\\nlating the public mind, which had been already profoundly\\nstirred. Colet, in founding the St. I aul s Latin (irariimar\\nSchool, laid the foundation for humane and rational popular\\neducation. Caxton s press, which began printing l)ooks in\\nthe last quarter of the tifteenth century, greatly aided the\\ngeneral intellectual awakening in England. And through-\\nout Italy, Germany, England, France and the Spanish\\nPeninsula, humanity felt the profound agitation which\\nbeat upon the brain of the age in so marked a way that\\npositive and clearly defined revolutions in religion, art,\\nscience, commerce and politics followed. It was a civili-\\nzation-wide awakening, as much grander, broader and\\nmore far-reaching than the quickening of brain, heart and\\nsoul in the Periclean Age as a family or group of nations is\\ngreater than one nation.\\nAt the present time we are in the midst of a many-sided\\nrevolution as much more far-reaching in inlluence and\\ngreater in possibilities than the Renaissance as was that\\nperiod greater than the golden age of Greece. For the\\nrestless spirit of growth and inquiry which permeates the\\nthought of our age is not only found in every field of\\nresearch, but is world-wide in its extent. The telegraph\\nand cable have threaded the nations of earth together as\\nbeads on a single strand, and the utilization of steam has\\nbrought remote lands within easy distance of one another.\\nThe revolution in philosophical theories occasioned by the\\nwider knowledge resulting from the interchange of the intel-\\nlectual concepts of nation with nation, race with race, and\\ncivilization with civilization, is only equalled by the far-\\nreaching infiuence which the marvelous revelations in\\npsychical science are exerting. The revolution in\\nreligious thought occasioned by modern critical methods,\\nthe discoveries of discre])ancies in the various ancient manu-\\nscripts and the new^ truths revealed by arcluT ological\\nresearch, is only eclipsed by the j^rofound agitation and", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "TLbc aiujust present. 187\\nchange going on throughout Europe, America and Austra-\\nlia in regard to social and political economics and educa-\\ntional theories.\\nThese are some of the phenomena which make the present\\nthe most august moment in the history of civilization, and\\nit would seem as though destiny was shaping things so that\\nall nations in the world which make any pretence to civili-\\nzation, should come under the influence of this world-wide\\nmental (juickening. Sui\u00c2\u00bbpose that in 18!):) someone had pre-\\ndicted that within two years China would be compelled to\\nthrow open her ports to civilization and give audience to\\nmodern progress, and, furthei-more, that the great empire\\nwould be brought to these momentous concessions by the\\nlittle island nation of Japan. Men woidd have ridiculed\\nthe idea, if they did not regard it as too wild for even con-\\ntemptuous notice. All things point to the fact frequently\\npredicted by thoughtful philosophers of the Orient that the\\nclosing years of this century will be a grand climacteric\\nperiod in the history of the world. If is in a rvri/ sixchil\\n.s cy/.sc of jiidf/inciit; for, while all days are judgment\\ndays in that whenever a new truth comes to man it calls him\\nto pass upon it, and his passing is in a way his own sentence,\\nyet the period upon which we are now entering is a culmina-\\nting moment of world-wide proportion.\\nIf we take the story of the journeyings of Israel from\\nEgypt to Canaan as a marvellous allegory of the progress\\nof hunmnity, we may compare mankind at the i\u00c2\u00bbresent\\nmoment to the Children of Israel when they had reached\\nthe boundary of Canaan and were listening to the report of\\nthe s])ies sent to view the land. It is an hour of readjust-\\nment, and of marvellous possibilities for the race, if reason,\\njustice and love can be made to conquer ])rejudice, seltism\\nand savagery. But it is for the individuals, the nations,\\nthe civilizations and the races to determim- whether they\\nwill enter the higher estate where truth shall hold regal\\nsway over the mind, where altruism shall dominate the\\nheart, and love shall slay hate, or whether, like Israel,\\nearth s children shall turn back into the desert to wander\\nand to wait for weary generations until the lessons which\\nwe have so often blindly refused to learn are through\\nrepeated and bitter experience burned into the soul of a\\nwiser posterity.\\nThe tremendous issues which hang upon the choice of this\\nsupreme hour should prove sufficient to fire every nnvn and\\nwoman of conviction, and lead to a groat renunciation a\\nrenunciation of the love of self, and dedication of brain,", "height": "3259", "width": "2108", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "188 persons, DMaces anC\u00c2\u00bb 1I ea3.\\nheart and hand to humanity s need. But there is another\\nreason why the present speaks in urgent tones to every soul.\\nThe possibilities for influencing the lives of others were\\nnever greater, if indeed they were ever so great as to-day,\\nbecause the public mind is in an attitude of expectancy, for\\nat every crucial moment like the present the thought-wa^os\\nof the nations, civilizations, and peo] les who come under\\nthe spell of noble discontent surge to and fro much as do\\nthe mighty billows of a sea when profoundly moved by a\\ngreat tempest.\\nThe present is (uif/ust hccausc the spirit of Ood is iiifjrinf/\\nem the iraters of tlioiic/ht, and the coniiiu/ and !/oiii(/ of the\\nturhulent waves lash into life or eoiisrioiisness all hat the\\nmost dormant and self-parali/.zed hrains. At such periodsthe\\nbrain of man becomes abnormally sensitive; it is as the pre-\\npared i)late of the camera, ready to catch and hold a domi-\\nnant idea, an all-mastering ideal, a life-controlling thought;\\nor. to change the figure. tJie puhlic mind irseiiddes the iron\\nat irhitc lieat nad// to he shaped into sledge Itainniers to\\nhreal- the shael:les of honda /e, or to he fonjed into links\\nirhieh inai/ enslare.\\nTo every one I care not how humble may be his station,\\nI care not where or what his position\u00e2\u0080\u0094 to every one strong\\nenough to do right, is given at this si)lendid moment the\\nopportunity to awaken and influence some soul or souls fo\\ncome into the light. To those who live in hamlets, villages\\nand towns, or whose lives may seem very circumscribed,\\nI would say: What you lack in station or scope is more\\nthan made up by the opportunities which the present affords\\nto throw a vital thought or a divine ideal into the minds of\\nthose around you; to impress a young life, or to lead a\\nthoughtless brain into the light.\\nRenuMuber, moreover, that the peculiar mental attitude\\nof humanity to-day is not i)roof against old-tinu prejudice\\nor the subtle poison of ancient ideals. Humanity is rising,\\nbut we must not forget that man is linked by a thousand\\nties to the lower life from which he has so slowly risen and\\nwhich still holds so strong a sway over the mind of millions.\\nWe are not so far from the lower animals, not so far from a\\nstate of barbarism, that we are proof against animalism or\\nsavagery; it is not safe for men to see blood. And this\\nsuggests something which illustrates the point I wish lo\\nemuhasize touching the dangers which threaten civilization\\nfrom f he presence of strong ])rejudices or passions, and the\\ninfluence of ancient ideals on the mind at a moment of\\nexpectancy and unrest like the present.", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "Ube Biujust IPrcseut. 189\\nThere never seemed a more hopeful moment for the civili-\\nzation of v^estern Europe than that i resented during the\\nheyday of the new learnini when such men as Sir Thomas\\nMore, Eramus, Colet and their eo-laborers were scattering\\nabroad among thinking men and women the noble dream\\nof a puritied church and a redeemed society; when justice\\nand toleration were being preached, and when the strong\\nmoral protests of Savonarola, Luther, Zwingli and Melanclv\\ntJion were awaking the moral energies of man; while Coper-\\nnicus was broadening the conceptions of humanitv in regard\\nto the heavens, and while art, science and a higher concep-\\ntion of education than man had heretofore entertained\\nwere taking on marvellous proportions.\\nAnd yet while this glad prophetic song of the dawn was\\nstill young, when the mind of man was tense and ready to\\nreceive and act on any powerful or dominant thought or\\nideal, which should be pressed home with intensity and per-\\nsistency, the prejudice, dogmatism and bigotry of conserva-\\ntism, and the savagery latent in the heart of man were sud-\\ndenly aroused and stirred into aggressive activitv by tiie\\nupholders of ancient thought, and the Spanish Inquisition\\nmarked the opening of a night-time for civilization, as terri-\\nble as the promises of dawn had been glorious. Spain\\nanswered the momentous question of this hour of judgment\\nin no uncertain tones. She chose, and her choice was\\nmarked by persecution and slaughter which still sickens the\\nheart of man. The spirit of a savage past dominated, and\\nin the midst of her power, glory, pride and prosperity, she\\nfell, lu ostrate and paralyzed, by virtue of her choice of\\ndeatli instead of life, progress and unequalled glory.\\nThe sight and smell of human blood is always dangerous\\nas is the arousing of the savage in man. Other nations were\\nnot slow- to imitate in a milder degree the merciless perse-\\ncutions of Spain, and it is a noteworthy fact that in pro])or-\\ntion as they turned from the light of tolerance and free\\nthought, and disregarded the i)rinciple of the golden rule,\\nthese nations suffered. The inspiration given by the light\\nAvhich came into the hearts of men during the time known\\nas the Renaissance, the time of the new learning, and the\\nmorning of the Reformation, gave to western civilization a\\npowerful imi)etus toward the day, and the number of indi-\\nviduals who chose the light was at this time so large that\\ncivilization went forward, slowly and lamely, it is true, but\\nher movement was onward and upw^ard. This illustration\\nfrom the history of the most marked of the great awaken-\\nings of our western civilization is especially worthy of con-", "height": "3264", "width": "2128", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "190 persons, places an^ H^eas.\\nsideration at the present time, inasmuch as the spirit of\\nreligious intolerance and unreasoning prejudice is alreadv\\nbeing manifested throughout the Christian world.\\nAnother ominous shadow creeping across the sky of\\ncivilization, which at the present time is so laden with\\npromises of triumph and progress, calls for attention, for it\\nis a grave menace to all that is finest and best in the dawn\\nof to-day. I refer to the general fostering of the military\\nspirit in young and old, and the astounding attempt on the\\npart of t ertain literary journals and publishing houses of\\nthe Old World and the New to create an interest and\\nadmiration for Napoleon one of the most perfect\\nmanifestations of an incarnate demon of conscience-\\nless ambition and destructive war afforded by the\\nannals of the ages. In many cases this despoiler\\nof nations and arch butcherer of mankind has\\nbeen idealized and rendered a hero. In other instances,\\nwhile the portrayal has been more impartial, the glamour of\\nwar and victory has been so thrown over the pages which\\ndescribe the life of this colossal failure, this scourge of the\\nrace, that the effect upon the expectant public mind at the\\npresent time cannot be other than most unfortunate; espe-\\ncially since the church, which claims to be the home of the\\nPrince of Peace, is at the same time displaying unprece-\\ndented activity in instructing her young in military drill and\\nthe manual of arms, thereby associating with religious\\nideals the images of war and visions of soldier life in the\\nyouthful mind.\\nThis military craze rampant in governmental, educa-\\ntional and religious circles, and this attempt to rivet the\\nattention of the tense mind upon the master murderer and\\ntyrant of the past is the most ominous spectre which\\ndarkens the sky of our present civilization, and it is sadden-\\ning and discouraging w^hen we remember that arbitration,\\nor the settlement of national and international disputes\\nrationally, has recently proved so successful that many of\\nthe finest minds of our century believed that Christian\\ncivilization had at last risen above the level of the savage\\nbrute, and that instead of wanton murder and the measure-\\nless waste, desolation and destruction of war, we should\\nhereafter see all disputes and misunderstandings settled\\nreasonably and justly by an impartial court of intelligent\\nhuman beings. Believing that man had reached a point in\\nhis slow ascent where he might begin to lay claim to being\\na rational creature, Victor Hugo thus characterizes the\\nvision of the incoming day:", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "ITbe Biujust present. i9i\\nThe diminution of men of war, of violence, of prey, tlie\\nindefinite and superb expansion of men of thought and\\npeace; the entrance of the real heroes upon the scene of\\naction; this is one of the greatest facts of our era. There\\nis no more sublime spectacle mankind s deliverance from\\nabove; the potentates put to flight by the dreamers; the\\nprophet crushing the hero; the sweeping away of violence\\nby thought. Lift up your eyes; the supreme drama is enact-\\ning! The legions of light are in full possession of the sword\\nof Hame. The masters are going and the liberators are com-\\ning in.\\nAnd this splendid spectacle is not only practicable and\\nfeasible, but is inevitable, if the public mind be educated\\nalong higher lines than those of wholesale homicide. This\\nlofty conception is no impracticable dream; it merely\\npictures the state to which man must and will come, as\\nsurely as he rose from cannibalism to his present stage of\\ndevelopment. It reveals the next step for enlightened\\nhumanity, and a step which might be taken to-day, if it\\nwere not for the reawakening of the savage in man, which\\nis being industriously fostered by church, school, popular\\nliterature and the state, at the present intellectual crisis.\\nTo-day the youth of Europe and America are having their\\nimagination focused upon an idealized warrior who repre-\\nsented the cruel, savage and selfish side of man as has no\\nother cliaracter in modern history. And it is the ideals and\\nthought-images which color life and give bent to character.\\nProfessor Drummond observes that The supreme factor of\\ndevelopment is environment. A child does not grow out\\nof a child by spontaneous unfolding; the process is fed from\\nwithout.\\nWe do not see the plant assimilate the elements of air\\nand earth. We cannot look into the laboratory of the rose\\nand behold the reaching out of the plant to the sun and air\\nfor those subtle elements necessary in order that it may pro-\\nduce that miracle of color and ])erfume which in time\\ndelights our senses. We know that in some mysterious\\nway the sunshine, the rain and the earth give to the\\nmiracle-worker that which is essential to produce the rose.\\nSo, we do not see exactly how the thought-seeds thrown into\\nthe garden of the imagination, the ideal held before the\\nretina of the mind, the harmony or discord which the child-\\nbrain encounters during the formative period, give color\\nand expression to life; but we know that these subtle influ-\\nences are destiny-shaping in their effect. And as before\\nobserved, this is especially true in periods like the present", "height": "3264", "width": "2128", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "192 persons, places auD H^eas^\\nwhen the public mind is tense, when the imagination is\\nstimulated and receptive; when, in a word, the civilization\\nreaches the edge of a new Canaan, and the question is put\\nwhither humanity shall move forward, to encounter\\nunknown danger on the road to progress, or back into the\\nwilderness of the known to feed afresh upon the ideals and\\nold-time thoughts, which, though they were an inspiration\\nin an earlier age, can no longer satisfy or sustain the best\\nin man.\\nThe slothful, the fearful, the worshipper of the past, and\\nthose who love ease and self-comfort, no less than those who\\nare so low on the plane of development that they have more\\nconfidence in brute methods than in reason and the divine\\nimpulse are striving in a thousand ways to turn humanity\\nbackward; like the ten spies who brought an evil report of\\nCanaan to the children of Israel, these voices seek to turn\\nhumanity backward by appealing to prejudice, superstition,\\nfear, the love of ease and the savagery resident in the hu-\\nman heart. They are seeking to outlaw daring science and\\ninvestigation; to replace the spirit of tolerance,charity, intel-\\nlectual hospitality and ethical religion with the savage dog-\\nmatic faith of darker days. They are fanning the spirit of\\nhate between religious factions; they are cultivating the\\nwar spirit, and turning the contemplation of the young\\nfrom the noble ideals of a Victor Hugo to the bloody tri-\\numphs of a Napoleon. They are endeavoring to raise\\nauthority above justice and to discourage man s faith in a\\nnobler to-morrow. They sneer at the eiforts of philoso-\\nphers and reformers to substitute justice for injustice. In\\na word, they are striving to turn civilization backward at\\nthe moment when strong and clear the order to march for-\\nward should be given.\\nIf we hearken to these voices of the night, we assist in\\nthe commission of a mistake of measureless proportions, a\\nmistake which must necessarily result in clouding the face\\nof civilization for generations to come by checking the\\nrapid march of progress; if we remain, neutral, refusing to\\nbear arms in the stupendous battle now in progress, we are\\nrecreant to the urgent duty which confronts us, and by so\\ndoing neglect the splendid opportunities given to us to be\\ntorch-bearers of progress in the most critical moment in the\\nhistory of civilization.\\nIf prejudice, selfism and ancient thought triumph over\\nknowledge, altruism and justice in the present crisis,\\nhumanity will have another long night before her, another\\nforty years in the wilderness.", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "Ube Huoust iPreseut\\n193\\nHe who at this moment realizes that his duty and respon-\\nsibility are commensurate with his opportunity will rise to\\nthe august demands of the hour, becoming a greater force\\nthan he dreams possible, if, realizing his own limitations\\nhe loses sight of the tremendous fact that the time and\\nenvironment of the present give him a potential power not\\ngiven his fathers. We cannot do better than ponder on\\nthese words of Hugo, when with prophet voice he spoke a\\nliving truth for each awakened soul to make his own:\\nThe human caravan has reached a high plateau, and the\\nhorizon being vaster, art has more to do. To every widen-\\ning of the horizon an enlargement of conscience corres-\\nponds. We have not reached the goal\u00e2\u0080\u0094 concord -con\\ndensed into felicity, civilization summed up in harmonv\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nthat is far off.", "height": "3264", "width": "2128", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3270", "width": "2081", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "Three Works by B. 0. FLOWER, with Critic al Press Opinion.\\nGerald MASSEY: Poet, Prophet and Mystic.\\nA study of\\nBoston, Mass. j\\nDaily Advertiser.\\nDaily Traveler.\\nBoston Ideas.\\nCincinnati, O.\\nDaily Commer-\\ncial Gazette.\\nChicago, 111.\\nDaily\\nInter-Ocean.\\nNewYork.N.Y.\\nNe-M YorkWorld.\\nthe life and thought of England s Poet of the People.\\nILLUSTRATED BY LAURA LEE.\\nPrice, extra cloth, $1.00.\\nGolden Opinions from Leading Critical Journals.\\nA SCHOLARLY WORK REVEALING THE INNER LiFE OF THE POET. Mr. B. O. Flower s\\nlatest work is a scholarly discussion of the life and work of Massey, poet, prophet and\\nmystic. One of the feature chapters is that in which the author traces the points of re-\\nsemblance between Massey and Whittier. There are frequent quotations from the poet,\\nbut they are none loo frequent, since they reveal to us the inner life of the man. Daily\\nAdvertiser, Boston Mass.\\nFinest presentation of the Poet s Character which has appeared in the\\nNEW WORLD. A most appreciative and tender tribute to one of England s lesser but\\nnoble song writers. No such presentation of the poet s character and work has yet been\\nseen on this side the water. Daily Traveler, Boston.\\nA VOLUME WHICH WILL FIND A HIGH NICHE AMONG THE ELECT. Mr B. O. Flower s\\nappreciation of the beauty and strength of Gerald Massey s nature and work is so enthu-\\nsiastic yet so spiritually true-tempered that he is better qualified than almost any one to\\ndeal with the subject as he has in his latest book Gerald Massey: Poet, Prophet and\\nMystic. So true a soul as Mr. Massey s deserves just such direct and sympathetic\\ntreatment as that here given by Mr. Flower, and it is a delight, as well as inspiration and\\nbenefit, to contemplate the picture of his life as drawn by Mr. Flower from Mr. Massey s\\nown words and writings, conducted and interspersed with comments, facts and explana-\\ntions from Mr. Flower s pen. It is an uncommonly expressive delineation, and done\\nwith a fidelity of color which keenly tells in the impressions conveyed to the reader s\\nmind.\\nMr. Massey has received appreciation from high sources for his masterly poetic power,\\nbut Mr. Flower s book aims chiefly at bringing forth before the public the man s charac-\\nter as a power among the modern reform elements which rank in the lists of the broadly\\nfearless and true. Mr. Flower handles the subject admirably, and we thus gain the full\\nforce of the exquisite beauty, the invincible strength and the lofty truth of Mr. Massey s\\nclear vision and straightforward expressiveness. This volume will find a high niche among\\nthe elect. It is handsomely and expensively printed. Boston Ideas.\\nA WORK AT ONCE BEAUTIFUL IN COMPOSITION AND FAULTLESS IN MECHANICAL EXE-\\nCUTION. Gerald Massey: Poet, Prophet and Mystic, is the title Mr. B. O. Flower\\ngives to a beautiful discussion of the life work of One of England s Poets of the People.\\nThe volume in its mechanical execution is a work of art. The author illustrates\\nthe three phases of Massey s mental and moral nature, as poet, prophet and mystic. It\\nis a charming book, written in a sympathetic spirit, in which the subject is appropriately\\ncalled upon to reveal his own character by his poems. It contains several elegant illus-\\ntrations by Laura Lee. Co\u00c2\u00bbi\u00c2\u00bbiercial Gazette, Cincinnati, O.\\nA HANDSOME VOLUME DEALING WITH AN INTERESTING SUBJECT. A handsOme\\nvolume, both in print and illustrations, which presents briefly, but pointedly the life and\\nwork of Gerald Massey. Our author finds a striking resemblance between Massey and\\nour own loved Quaker poet, Whittier. Both were tireless reformers, passionately in\\nlove with the beauty in common life. Both hated injustice with all their powers of\\nmind, with prophetic and intuitive insight as to coming events. They both revealed\\nbeauties within and without the homes of the humble, and were fearless in denunciation\\nof wrong doing. The work is handsomely illustrated, but the text alone makes it an\\ninteresting and even charming book. Mr. Flower makes free quotations from the gems\\nof many of Massey s inspiring songs, and brings out admirably the leading traits of\\ncharacter that shaped his life and inspired his writing. Daily Inter-Ocean, Chicago.\\nGerald Massey will be better known to the English-speaking people fifty years from\\nnow than he is to-day. His genius is only just beginning to be recognized, and Mr. B.\\nO. Flower has done the world a service in his critical monograph, Gerald Massey Poet,\\nProphet and Mystic. It is a tribute from the heart to a true prophet of freedom, frater-\\nnity and justice, ever loyal to the interest of the oppressed.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A^ fw York IVorld.\\nThe above are a few of the many appreciative criticisms which have greeted Mr. Flower s latest volume. This\\nwork is one that is needed at the present time, as it makes a powerful plea for justice, while it presents the story of\\nMassey s life and the ideas which have dominated his brain. In mechanical execution this work which is printed\\nin black and red, on heavy antique paper, illustrated with a few choice pictures, drawn by Miss Laura Lee, the\\ntalented Boston artist, is one of the finest examples of the modern revival of fine book-making. It is bound in\\nornamental cloth, stamped in gold, and is a model of beauty as well as a volume of excellence.\\nIt makes a charming presentation volume.\\nARENA PUBLISHING COMPANY, Copley Square, Boston.", "height": "3378", "width": "2169", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "The New Time:\\nNew York.\\nSt. Louis, Mo.\\nC In- is till 11\\nEvangelist.\\nA Plea for the Union of the Moral Forces\\nfor Practical Progress.\\nExtra cloth, $1.00 paper, 50 cents.\\nA worthy companion to Civilization s Inferno. Constructive in character and abounding\\nin helpful suggestions.\\nCurrent opinion of leading American journals.\\nIt is a fervent plea for the union and practical co-operation of all those who are\\ninterested in the welfare of humanity, and who believe that it is their duty to do their\\nutmost toward alleviating the sufferings of their less fortunate fellow mortals. Mr. Flower\\nis a firm believer in the ultimate triumph of the spirit of fraternity and justice, and in this\\nlittle book he suggests how this spirit may be fostered throughout the United States.\\nThere are many loving souls, he claims, in every city, town and village, who would fain\\nspend most of their lives in aiding their fellows, and he maintains that a wondrous\\namount of good would be the result if only these scattered children of light could be\\nproperly organized. Undoubtedly he is right, and it would not surprise us if this idea\\ntook root. We may not all possess Mr. Flower s enthusiasm, but we must all admire the\\neloquence with which he pictures the new time for which he yearns, the time when all\\nmen will be brothers and justice will rule the earth. New 3 ork Herald.\\nThe inspiration of a new social order seems to have suddenly assumed the proportions\\nof a contagion. Prophets are springing up all over the land, aud new books from every\\nquarter of the globe. The real import of God s love for tlie world seems to be davming\\nupon the mind of thinkers for the first time in social history, and reformers are just\\nbeginning to catch the inspiration of the Christ-life. These books are by no means\\naccordant as yet, but they are sufficiently harmonious in design to impress the student\\nwith the fact that the kingdom of heaven is about to begin on earth. Almost all modern\\nwriters on social conditions are so imbued with the altruistic spirit that altruism seems to\\nbe the Elias of the new era.\\nSo prominent indeed is this spirit in the above work that one almost feels that its\\nauthor is the John the Baptist of the time about which he prophesies, and that he should\\nat once demand baptism at his hands that is, a baptism of his spirit.. We cannot have\\ntoo many such books as this at this time. It was not written for the sake of the book nor\\nits author, but of humanity. It is a plain yet earnest and vigorous presentation of some\\nof our social conditions, with suggestions, not a few of which are entirely practical and\\nfull of promise. It has little of the visionary and speculative in it and proposes imme.\\ndiate action upon practical grounds for the purpose of the earliest possible relief and\\nsolution of our troubles. Christian Evangelist, St. Louis, Mo.\\nIt has a pertinence and value for all who have read and thought about the social prob-\\nlems of our day; and the information which the author puts into such a moderate com-\\npass will also serve admirably to interest many in social literature who have been\\ndeterred by rumor from touching these fantastic theories. It is facts, facts, facts,\\nwhich The New Time marshals before the reader, facts of the everyday, common-\\nplace, humdrum life about us. The reader will find in this book much food for solid,\\nhard thinking. Here are put into a small compass a body of concrete remedial measures\\nfor an immediate and practical organization of social reform agencies. It shows how\\nexisting evils can be modified, and gives the trend of contemporary, social thought and\\nits evolutionary process toward its ultimate goal of the highest social good. Boston Home\\nyournaly Boston, Mass.\\nLike whatever Mr. Flower writes, the book has to do with a /r-arf/Va/, immediate\\nmeans, of helping humanity in the throes of its upward struggle. Humanity as a mass, of\\ncourse contains the leavening lump of spirituality which will ultimately express itself as a\\nmatter of course in the very reforms we so much desire. Equally of course do the con-\\nsciously-spiritual workers assist in this process this forms one of the pleasures as well\\nas duties of the enlightened state.\\nIn such a cause we know of no one who does more valiant work than Mr. Flowet\\nConvinced of its righteousness, he will pursue it to its ultimate personally, and arouse\\nin hosts of others both desire and determination to do likewise. Such work is of inesti-\\nmable value and in this connection everyone should realize that every person is helping\\nhis fellow if he but live on the highest plane of which he is conscious, also striving con-\\nstantly to get still higher by helping to raise others. Boston Ideas, Boston, Mass.\\nMr. Flower takes his stand on the side of human progress. In the book The New\\nTime, he enters a vigorous, earnest and touching plea for the union of warring sects in the\\ngreat cause of the amelioration of human misery, whether it arises from poverty or guilt.\\nWithout being, in any respect, a sermon, Mr. Flower s work has all the force and con-\\nvincing power of the pulpit. Indeed it has more, for the pulpit i; often enough the\\nvehicle of the denunciation of opposing sects a fact which occasionally mars it useful-\\nness in the eyes of every reflecting man. Mr. Flower s book touches briefly on the\\ncauses of much of human suffering and crime, and proceeds to show how a real and per-\\nmanent union of Christian workers of all denominations can be achieved and what noble\\nresults will spring from such a \\\\xn\\\\on.- -Daily Item, Philadelphia, Pa.\\nARENA PUBLISHING COMPANY, Copley Square, Boston.\\nBoston, riass.\\nBoston Home\\nJournal.\\nBoston Ideas.\\nPhiladelphia.\\nDaily Item.", "height": "3369", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "Civilization s Inferno; Or, Studies in the Social Cellar.\\nPrice, cloth, $i.oo; paper, 50 cents.\\nThis work contains vivid pen pictures of the social cellar as Mr. Flower found it, and is one of the most fear-\\nless and able presentations of the condition of society s exiles which has ever been made.\\nIt carries the reader into the social cellar where uninvited poverty abounds, and from there into the sub-cellar,\\nor the v. orld of the criminal poor.\\nIt is rich in suggestive hints, and should be in the hands of every thoughtful man and woman in America.\\nAbsorbingly interesting and at times thrilling, no one can read its pages without being made better for the pe-\\nrusal.\\nCRITICAL\\nBoston, Mass.\\nHerald.\\nChristian Leade\\nBeacon.\\nChicago, III.\\nTif?tes.\\nLouisville, Ky.\\nCouric r-Joitriiai.\\nAtlanta, Ga.\\nConstitution.\\nDetroit, Mich.\\nFree Press.\\nPrinceton Uni=\\nversity.\\nNassau Literary\\nMagazine.\\nPINION FROM REPRESENT.ATIVE AMERICAN JOURNALS.\\nIt is a truthful and graphic delineation of the condition of the people in the social im-\\ndertow. Mr. Flower has a keen and profound sympathy with the difficulties that the poor\\nare laboring under, and he describes what he has seen with his own eyes in terms that\\nchill one s blood. He does not hesitate to call things by their right names, and points out\\nthe magnitude of the peril, showing that no palliative measures will satisfy the people.\\nDaily Herald, Boston.\\nA book which should be read and studied by all. Mr. Flower s high enthusiasm, the\\nartistic impulse which has guided his pen, together with his intimate knowledge gained\\nby personal investigation of the matter, make his book most admirable. Boston Times.\\nA volume of remarkable interest and power, and merits the careful attention of all\\nstudents of social problems. Boston Daily Traveler.\\nHe literally uncaps the pit, the hell on earth and if there are the pleasures of sin\\nfor a season, it will be seen that the season is not a long one. The author depicts the\\nscenes he has witnessed, and has the moral purpose the passion for a better state\\nwhich, enlivening his pages, makes the book as wholesome as it is inciting to practical\\nendeavor. Christian Leader, Boston.\\nSociety, as it is now constituted, is nothing less than a sleeping volcano. Who dares\\nto say how soon the upheaval will come, or whether it can be evaded by the adoption of\\nprompt measures of relief? Certainly the condition of the lower social strata calls for\\nimmediate action on the part of those whose safety is at stake. Mr. Flower has accom-\\nplished a great work, in setting forth the exact truth of the matter, without any effort at\\npalliation. It will be well indeed for the prosperous classes of the community if they are\\nwarned in time. Boston Beacon.\\nIt is not only the record made of discoveries during a period of systematic slum-\\nming, but it is also a philosophical view of the dangers of the conditions which he dis-\\ncusses. Chicago Times.\\nThe work is a masterly presentation of social conditions around us. These make a\\nvast problem, and it is by such earnest thinkers as Mr. Flower that they will be solved.\\nChicago Herald.\\nA thoughtful work by a thoughtful man, and should turn the minds of many who are\\nnow ignorant or careless to the condition of the countless thousands who live in the so-\\ncial cellar. No one can read the book without feeling that the author s diagnosis of the\\ncase is true and gives each one his own personal responsibility. Courier-Journal, Lou-\\nisville, Ky.\\nWhat General Booth has done for London, and Mr. Jacob Riis for New York, Mr.\\nFlower has done for cultured Boston. He is a professional man of letters, and tells his\\nstoty with the skill and knack of his craft. Daily Constitution, Atlanta, Ga.\\nA powerfully written book, presenting facts which ought to move the most sluggish\\nsoul to resolve and action. Its whole lesson, sad as it is, is one that needs to be learned;\\nand we will not detract from its completeness by presenting it in fragments but we de-\\nsire to call special attention to the author s exposition of the facts, concerning which there\\nhas been so much scepticism, that the rich are growing richer and the poor poorer. If\\nthere is any lingering belief or hope in the mind of anybody that his statement is a mere\\npartisan bugaboo, as it has sometimes been styled, Mr. Flower s book will settle the mat-\\nter. Daily Free Press, Detroit, Mich.\\nIn this book the great social problem of the day is laid before the reader in all its im-\\nportance, its increasing dangers are pointed out, and practical remedies suggested in a way\\nthat is as interesting as thoughtful. We are glad to see the fashionable extravagances\\nand vices of the class that assumes for itself the title of society treated with the con-\\ndemnation they deserve. It is a work that has long been needed, and we are sure it will\\ngo far toward the end it looks forward to so hopefully. Nassau Literary Magazint,\\npublished by senior class of Princeto7i University, Princeton, N. J..\\nARENA PUBLISHING COMPANY,\\nCOPLEY SQUARE, BOSTON.", "height": "3373", "width": "2169", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "The Century of Sir Thomas More,\\nB. O. FLOWER,\\nAuthor of Persons, Places and Ideas, Gerald Massey,\\nThe New Time, Civilization s Inferno, etc.\\nIllustrated with full-page drawing of Sir Thomas More, and\\nsmaller portraits of numerous eminent personages of the first\\ncentury of modern times, including Michael Angelo, Raphael,\\nDa Vinci, Correggio, Titian, Erasmus, Luther, Calvin, Zwingli,\\nKnox, Melanchthon, Columbus and Machiavelli.\\nliable of Contents,\\nI. The New Learning North of the Alps.\\nII. The Reformation and Some of Its Leaders.\\nIII. A General Survey of the Italy of the Renaissance.\\nIV. Some Fatal Figures of the Italian Renaissance.\\nV. Some Bright Lights of the Italian Renaissance.\\nVI. The Spanish Peninsula of This Period.\\nVII. The France of This Age.\\nVIII. The England of Sir Thomas More.\\nIX. The Life of Sir Thomas More.\\nX. Utopia Considered. Part I.\\nXL Utopia Considered. Part II.\\nXII. The Lives of Seneca and More Compared.\\nXIII. A General Survey of the First Century of Modern Time\u00c2\u00ab\\nPublished only in Cloth. Gilt side and back dies.\\nPrice, $i.^o.\\nTHE ARENA PUBLISHING COMPANY,\\nBOSTON, MASS.", "height": "3369", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "f\\nr", "height": "3347", "width": "2169", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3349", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3347", "width": "2169", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3349", "width": "2101", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3347", "width": "2169", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3505", "width": "2231", "jp2-path": "personsplaceside00flow_0224.jp2"}}