{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3724", "width": "2329", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "^U\\n^kM:. v^\\n8 I A\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0V/\\n\u00c2\u00abv s -A^\\n^oo^", "height": "3469", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "C\\nV\\nv^\\na\\n-x^\\nV 3.^", "height": "3469", "width": "2096", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3399", "width": "2004", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3437", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3437", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "IlLTOH Ca", "height": "3437", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3437", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "Garden Flowers:\\nHow TO Cultivate Them.\\nA TREATISE ON THE CULTURE OF HARDY ORNAMENTAL\\nTREES, SHRUBS, ANNUALS, HERBACEOUS\\nAND BEDDING PLANTS.\\nBY\\nEdward Sprague Rand, Jr.\\nAUTHOR OF FLOWERS FOR THE PARLOR AND GARDEN.\\nBOSTON:\\nJ. E. TILTON AND COMPANY.\\n1866.", "height": "3437", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1866, by\\nEDWARD SPRAGUE RAND, Jr.,\\nIn the Clerk s Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts.\\nStereotyped by C. J. Peters Son,\\n13 Washington St., Boston.\\nY f\\\\ Press of Geo. C. Rand Avery.", "height": "3437", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "TO\\nDR. J. P. KIRTLAND,\\nOF CLEVELAND, OHIO,\\nTHE PIONEER OF HORTICULTURE IN THE\\nGREAT WEST.", "height": "3437", "width": "2052", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION.\\nIn presenting the present volume, the author can\\nlay but little claim to originality. The work was un-\\ndertaken to supply the want, which has long been\\nfelt, of a trustworthy handbook of garden-flowers one\\nwhich should comprise a short treatise on the culture\\nof hardy perennials, biennials, and annuals, as well as\\nthe more showy family of bedding-plants. In a work\\nof a few hundred pages, it is manifestly impossible to\\ngive minute directions for the successful cultivation\\nof every plant. The volume is not intended to teach\\ngardening but, a knowledge of the several principles\\nof gardening the preparation of the soil, the appli-\\ncation of manures, the sowing of seed, the formation\\nof hot-beds being presupposed, it is proposed to\\nteach the peculiar culture each plant may require, to\\ngive the soil in which it best succeeds, and to furnish\\na condensed Hst of species and varieties best adapted\\nto garden culture, with the height, color of flowers,\\nseason of bloom, native country, and date of intro-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "VI INTRODUCTION.\\nduction of each. This first plan has been somewhat\\namphfied and all hardy plants, comprising trees and\\nshrubs, have been included, until the present volume\\ncomprises short and concise directions for the culture\\nof every plant usually met with in the garden, includ-\\ning trees, shrubs, and climbers.\\nThe labor of compilation has been greatly lessened\\nby adaptations from two English works of somewhat\\nsimilar character, Glenny s Handbook of the Gar-\\nden, and Johnson s Cottage Gardener s Dictionary,\\nbooks of great value, but almost useless to the Amer-\\nican florist on account of the great difference in cli-\\nmate between our own country and England, which\\nrenders, in many cases, entirely different treatment\\nnecessary in the culture of the same plant.\\nMany plants which are hardy in England are not\\nhardy with us, while, strange as it may seem, some\\nplants which survive our severest winters uninjured\\nrequire frame protection in England.\\nWhile the heat of our summer s sun will forever\\nprevent our raising such florists flowers as Tansies,\\nAuriculas, and Pinks, in perfection, the same warm\\nsummers enable us to bring many plants to a perfec-\\ntion of bloom unknown in England. The directions\\nfor the culture of these florists flowers are ample, and\\nthe list of species of trees will be found very complete.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "INTRODUCTION. VII\\nThe author has experienced great difficulty in the\\nappUcation of the word hardy to the various plants.\\nThe extent of our country is so great, and the range\\nof temperature so varied, that it is impossible to fix\\nwith certainty the exact locality where a plant ceases\\nto be hardy. Much also depends on situation and\\nexposure.\\nPhiladelphia, New York, and Boston, respectively,\\neach have many hardy plants which are winter-killed\\nfarther north. The Liquidamber is hardy five miles\\nsouth of Boston, but is killed to the ground each win-\\nter twenty-five miles north of the same city. Pyrus\\nJaponica stands well as a hedge-plant in Massachu-\\nsetts, yet is winter-killed in western New York. These\\ninstances might be multiplied a hundred-fold.\\nAgain neighborhood to the sea has much to do\\nwith the hardiness of plants, usually operating unfa-\\nvorably as also has. the protection afforded by snow\\nin each winter. Thus it will be seen no rule of gen-\\neral application can be laid down. Where a plant is\\ncalled hardy, it may be taken as hardy in Massa-\\nchusetts, and, of course, southward though often some\\nspecies of such a plant may require frame protection.\\nIn this the author has given the results of his own\\nexperience and observation and, while he cannot\\nhope to have made no mistake, he trusts the experi-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "VIII INTRODUCTION.\\nence of others may confirm his near approximation\\nto accuracy.\\nThe present volume omits entirely the hardy ferns,\\nwhich it is proposed to embrace in a forthcoming vol-\\nume devoted entirely to cryptogamous plants. A\\ncompanion volume to the present, classifying and\\ndescribing Greenhouse Plants in the same manner,\\nis already in press, which, with his previous work\\non Parlor Gardening, and his forthcoming work\\non Orchids, now far advanced towards completion,\\nthe author hopes will form indispensable companions\\nboth to the florist and amateur, and indeed to all, both\\nold and young, who love the culture of flowers, the\\nbright and beautiful gifts which the Author of all\\ngood has so lavishly strewn around our earthly path-\\nway, and which, if we rightly read their silent teach-\\nings, cannot but ennoble and elevate the soul.\\nGlen Ridge, January, 1866.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "Garden Flowers,\\nAND\\nHOW TO CULTIVATE THEM.\\nABIES. Spruce Fir. [Pinacese.] Hardy evergreen or-\\nnamental trees and shrubs, growing in common soil,\\nand increased by seeds and by grafting. A numerous family.\\nA. Ajonesis (Ajona) large tree Siberia. A. alba (white\\nspruce); 50 feet May; North America 1700. A. alba nana\\n(dwarf) May. A. aniabilis (lovely) 180 feet April New Cali-\\nfornia 1 83 1. A. aroinatica (aromatic); loo feet; Oregon. A.\\nbalsamea (balsam-fir) 45 feet May North America. A. bracte-\\nata (bracted) 120 feet California. A. Bnmoniana (Brown s)\\n75 feet Nepaul. A. Canadensis {C2a-i2.d\\\\2in hemlock-spruce);\\n85 feet; May; North America 1736. A. Cephalonica {Qt ^\\\\\\\\2i-\\nlonian) 60 feet; May; Cephalonia 1824. A. concoloK (one-\\ncolored); mountains of Mexico. A. Dotiglasii {jyo\\\\i^2L% 170\\nfeet May North America 1826. A. excelsa (lofty) 150 feet\\nMay north of Europe. Carpatica, Clanbrasiliana., gigantea.,\\n7nonstrosa, mucronata^ na7ta, tenuifolia^ variegata,2ind vi?ninalis\\nare all varieties of excelsa. A. falcata (sickle-leaved) 35 feet\\nOregon. A. fir ma (solid); mountains of Japan. A. Fraseri\\n(Eraser s) 30 feet May 181 1. A. Fraseri nana (dwarf). A.", "height": "3455", "width": "2058", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0019.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "10 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ngrandis (great); 170 feet; May^ New California; 1831. A.\\nheterophylla {w?ir\\\\o\\\\is-\\\\Q3Nt6) 180 feet; Oregon. A. hoinolepis\\n(equal-scaled); 25 feet; mountains of Japan. A.Jesoeiisis {]^zo\\\\\\nspruce-fir); 55 feet; Japan. A. Khutrow (Khutrow) 50 feet;\\nHimalayas. A. lasiocarpa (woolly-coned) North-west America\\nA. Menziesii (Menzies 60 feet; May; North-west America\\n1 83 1. A. Mertensiana (Merten s) Island of Sitcha. A. micro-\\nphylla (small-leaved); 180 feet; Oregon. A. Morinda (Morin-\\nda) 40 feet North India. 7;/ z/(;r^\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00ab/^7 (sharp-pointed); 180\\nfeet; Oregon. ;?zVr^ (black-spruce) 60 feet May; North\\nAmerica; 1700. A. 7iobilis (noble); 65 feet; North America;\\n1 83 1. A. Noi dmajuiiana i^Q xdiVi\\\\2irm! 80 feet; Crimea. A.\\nobovata (reversed-egg-coned) Siberia. A. oriejitalis (eastern)\\n30 feet May; Levant 1825. A. picea (pitchy) 160 feet May\\nGermany; 1603. A. picea Apollinis {A^oWim); Greece. A.\\npicea leioclada {smooth.-hr^.ncho.d) Levant. A. pichta (pitch);\\n50 feet; May; Siberia; 1820. A. Pindrow (Pindrow) 100\\nfeet May Himalayas 1837. A. Pi7isapo (Pinsapo) 65 feet\\nSpain; 1838. A. polita (neat); 50 feet; mountains of Japan.\\nA. religiosa (sacred); 150 feet; Mexico. A. rubra (red-spruce);\\n50 feet; May; North America; 1755. ^^^bra violacea (vio-\\nlet). A. rubra arctica (arctic). A. ScJirenkiana (Schrenk s)\\nSiberia. A. Sitchensis {^\\\\\\\\s:\\\\\\\\?i\\\\\\\\) Island of Sitcha. A.trigona\\n(three-angled) 300 feet Oregon. A. Tstiga (Tsugan) North\\nof Japan. A. Tsiiga nana {^\\\\y7vci). A. Webbiana {}Ntbh s) 90\\nfeet; Himalayas; 1822.\\nThese are all now classed under Pinus.\\nAbobra. [Cucurbitaceae.] A very ornamental climber,\\nnearly allied to the ornamental gourds which have of late\\nbecome so popular. The flowers are greenish and incon-\\nspicuous the foliage finely cut, dark-green, and veiy orna-\\nmental the fruit, which is the chief beauty, small, glossy\\nscarlet, freely produced. The plant is dicecious.\\nRaised from seeds, in hot-bed, in pots, and turned out in\\na rich sunny border, the plants grow rapidly, and before\\nautumn are very showy. It also strikes freely from cuttings.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0020.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLO\\\\VERS. II\\nWe know of but one species. The plant is perennial, but\\nsucceeds best as an annual.\\nA. viridiflora (green-flowered); tender perennial; 15 feet;\\nflowers green, fruit scarlet, all summer South America; i860.\\nAbronia. [Nyctaginaceae.] A very pretty genus of trail-\\ning plants, which, though properly frame perennials, succeed\\nbetter with us treated as annuals. The flowers are in heads\\nlike a verbena, and cover the plant.\\nSoil, a sandy peat and leaf-mould, though the plants suc-\\nceed in any good garden soil. Propagated by cuttings\\nrooted in sand in spring, from plants wintered in the green-\\nhouse or, better, by seeds sown in frame in May, and trans-\\nplanted to the garden after the weather has become warm.\\nA. U7?ibellata^ with rosy-lilac flowers, is the best variety.\\nA. 7nellifera (honey-bearing); flowers orange, from June to\\nAugust; Cahfornia; 1826. A. piilchella (neat); flowers pink,\\nfrom July to September California; 1848. A. rosea {jo?^^-z(A-\\nored); flowers rosy-red, July to September; California; 1847.\\nA. iiDibellata (umbel-flowered); flowers rosy-lilac, all summer;\\nCahfornia 1825. All the varieties grow about six inches high.\\nAcacia. [Mimoseae.] The only hardy species of this\\nvery extensive genus is A. yulibrissin, which succeeds well\\nsouth of New York, as a hardy shrub or small tree, in any\\ngarden soil. Propagated by cuttings of year-old shoots, or\\nby seeds.\\nA. Julibrissin (silk-tree); hardy tree; lato 12 feet; flowers\\npinkish- white, in August; Levant; 1745.\\nAcacia Pseudo. See Robinta.\\nAcacia Rose. See Robinia.\\nAcacia Three-Thorned. See Gleditschia.\\nAcAENA. [Sanguisorbeae.] A family of not veiy show)^\\nperennials, growing in common garden soil, and propagated\\nby seeds or division generally tender.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0021.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "12 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nA. millefolium (thousand-leaved) hardy perennial 6 inches;\\nflowers greenish, in September south of Europe. A. latebrosa\\npinnatijida and sericea are other species.\\nAcANTHOLiMON. Prickly Thrift. [Plumbaginaceas.] Dwarf\\nhardy perennials, very pretty ornaments for rock-work. Soil,\\nsandy loam and peat. Propagated by cuttings of the half-\\nripened shoots in a gentle heat, by division, or by seed.\\nA. glumaceum (glumaceous). Hardy evergreen perennial\\n6 inches flowers rose-color, in June Armenia 1845.\\nAcanthus. Beards-Breech. [Acanthaceas.] Hardy her-\\nbaceous perennials, somewhat coarse, but of stately appear-\\nance, the blooms being borne in a tall spike, white and pur-\\nplish, protected by spiny bracts. They grow in any kind of\\nsoil, and propagate most readily by division of the root also\\nby seeds. A. spiiiosissimus has beautifully divided leaves.\\nA. Hispaniais (Spanish); hardy perennial; 2 feet; flowers\\nwhite, in August Spain 1700. A. 7nollis (soft) hardy peren-\\nnial 3 feet flowers white and purple, in summer Italy 1548.\\nThe leaves of this species, growing through an old basket, are\\nsaid to have given the idea of the Corinthian style of architecture.\\nA. niger (black) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, in Au-\\ngust Portugal; 1759. A. spinosissimiis (most spiny); hardy\\nperennial 3 feet flowers purple and white, in summer south\\nof Europe 1629. A. spinosiis (spiny) hardy perennial 3 feet\\nflowers white, in August; Italy; 1629.\\nThese plants, in the most northern States, need slight\\nprotection in winter.\\nAcer. Maple. [Aceraceae.] Hardy trees and shrubs.\\nCommon soil. Propagated by seeds and layers. Cuttings\\nwill strike in the open ground, if inserted in spring and kept\\nmoderately moist. The usual method is by seeds, or, in va-\\nriegated or dark-foliaged varieties, by budding, inarching, or\\ngrafting on the common maple.\\nA. Austriaciun (Austrian maple); 40 feet flowers green, in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0022.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 3\\nMay Austria. A. barbatiwi (bearded-calyxed) 15 feet flowers\\ngreen and yellow, in April North America 1812. A. campestre\\n(common) 25 feet flowers green and yellow, in May Britain.\\nA. campestre Austriacum; 30 feet; flowers green and yellow, in\\nJune; Austria; 1812. ir^z;/?/*?^// (hill-dwelling); 25\\nfeet flowers green and yellow, in April France. A. campestre\\nhebecarptun (downy- fruited) 25 feet flowers green and yellow,\\nin June Britain. A. campestre Icevigatiun (smooth-leaved) 30\\nfeet; flowers green and yellow, in June. A. campestre nanum\\n(dwarf); 6 feet; flowers green and yellow, in June. A. ca7npes-\\ntre variegatum (variegated) 25 feet flowers green and yellow,\\nin May; Britain. Must be grafted or budded. A. circinatum\\n(round-leaved) 30 feet flowers green and yellow, in April\\nColumbia; 1827. A. Creticum (Cretan); 6 feet; flowers in\\nMay; Levant; 1752. A. dasycarpiim (hairy-fruited); flowers\\ngreen and yellow, in April; North America; 1725. A. hetero-\\nphylhim (various -leaved) flowers green and yellow, in May\\nLevant; 1759; evergreen. A. Ibericum (Georgian); 40 feet;\\nflowers green; Asiatic; Georgia; flowers yellow; 1826. A.\\nlobatum (lobed-leaved) 20 feet; flowers green; Siberia; 1820.\\nA. macrophylhujt (lortg-leaved) 25 feet flowers green, in May\\nNorth America; 1812. A. i7ionta7ium (mountain); 25 feet;\\nflowers green and yellow North America 1750. A. Monspes-\\nsulatmm (Montpeher) 8 feet flowers green and yellow, in\\nMay; France; 1739. iiig^^i^Ji (black); 40 feet; flowers\\ngreen and yellow, in April North America 1812. A.oblongiim\\n(oblong-leaved) 20 feet flowers green and white Nepaul\\n1824. A. obtusatu7n (blunt-lobed-leaved) 40 feet; flowers\\ngreen and yellow, in May; Hungary; 1825. This is the Nea-\\npolita7iu77i of the Italians, and the hybridu77t of London nurseries.\\nA. obtusifoliu77i (blunt-leaved); 4 feet; flowers green and yel-\\nlow, in May Crete. ^/z////J?/z /7;z (Guelder-rose-leaved); 20\\nfeet; flowers green and yellow, in May; France; 1823. A.\\nopalus (opal) 50 feet flowers green and yellow, in May\\nItaly; 1752. yi 2/ 2;;/m/z/;;2 (palmate-leaved) 10 feet; flowers\\ngreen; Japan; 1820. A. Pe7i7tsylva7ticu77i (Pennsylvanian or\\nstriped bark) 20 feet flowers green and yellow, in May North", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0023.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "14 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nAmerica 1755. A variety of this, striatum, must be increased\\nby grafting or budding. A. platanoides (plane-like) 50 feet\\nflowers green and yellow, in June Europe ,1683. A. plata-\\nnoides laciniatiim (cut-leaved) 30 feet flowers green and yel-\\nlow, in June Europe 1683. Must be grafted or budded. A.\\nplatanoides Lobelli (Lobels) 50 feet flowers green and yellow,\\nin May; Naples. A. platanoides variegatum (variegated); 30\\nfeet; flowers green and yellow, in June Europe; 1683. Must\\nbe grafted or budded. A. psettdoplatanus (the sycamore); 50\\nfeet; flowers green and yellow, in April; Britain. A. pseudo-\\nplataims pitrpureuut (purple-leaved) flowers purple, in May\\n1828. A. pseudoplatamis subobtusiwi (slightly blunt-leaved) 50\\nfeet flowers green and yellow, in May. A. pseudoplatanus\\nvariegatum (variegated) 50 feet flowers green and yellow,\\nin April Britain. Must be grafted or budded. A. rubrum\\n(red-flowered or swamp-maple). There are two varieties, one\\nwith leaves variegated with white, and the other with yellow 20\\nfeet; flowers red, in April North America 1656. A.sacchari-\\nnum (sugar-maple) 40 feet flowers yellow, in April North\\nAmerica; 1735. Tartaricum (Tartarian); 20 feet; flowers\\ngreen and yellow, in May Tartary 1759.\\nAchillea. Milfoil. [Compositae.] Hardy herbaceous\\nperennials many of the kinds weedy, but some very pretty.\\nThey are free-flowering, easily grown in common soil, and\\npropagated by division of the plant, by cuttings, and by seed.\\nA. Clave7iitcB (Clavennu s) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners white, in June and July Austria 1656. A. ptarmica flore\\npleno (double Sneezewort); hardy perennial 18 inches flowers\\nwhite, in July; gardens. A. toinentosa (woolly); hardy peren-\\nnial 9 inches flowers yellow, in May England.\\nThere are some thirty other species; all, except one {A.\\nyEgyptiacce) hardy perennials. The flowers of all are white or\\nyellow.\\nAcHYRANTHES. See Iresine.\\nAcis. [Amaryllidace^.] Hardy bulbs small, but very", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0024.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. I5\\npretty. Soil, light sandy loam. Propagated by offsets from\\nthe bulbs, which should be carefully separated, and planted\\nwhere they may not be disturbed. In the Northern States,\\na slight winter protection will be found necessary.\\nA. aiitiiinnalis (autumnal) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers\\nwhite and pink, in September; Portugal; 1629. A. graridi-\\nfiorns (large-flowered) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers white, in\\nAugust; Numidia 1820. A. rosea (rosy); hardy bulb; 6\\ninches flowers rose-colored, in August and September Corsi-\\nca 1820. A. trichophyllus (hair-leaved); 6 inches; flowers\\nwhite, in early spring Spain 1820.\\nAcoNiTUM. Monkshood. [Ranunculacese.] Hardy per-\\nennials, with showy, curious hood-shaped flowers. Soil, any\\ncommon loam. Propagated by parting the roots, which is\\nbest done after the bloom declines in the autumn. Divide\\nthe root into as many pieces as there are hearts to. the plant,\\nwith a portion, of root to each, and plant them in nursery-\\nbeds about a foot apart the plants, however, need not be\\nparted for several years for, the larger they spread, the more\\nshowy they\u00c2\u00bbare. Once in three or four years is often enough\\nto disturb the plant and even then, if it be too large, you\\nmay cut away some all round to lessen it, without digging\\nthe main plant up. Propagated also by seeds.\\nMany of the species do well in partially shaded places.\\nAll species are poisonous, and possess powerful medical\\nproperties.\\nThere are about one hundred and thirty species, of which\\nabout ninety are tuberous-rooted, and the remainder fibrous-\\nrooted. The following are good species\\nA. mitiumiale (autumnal); hardy perennial; 2 feet; flowers\\ndeep-blue, in autumn; China; 1846. A. Chinense (Chinese);\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers purple, in September China\\n1833. A. Japoniciun (Japanese); hardy perennial; 5 feet;\\nflowers purple, in August; Japan. A. Napellus (Monkshood);", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0025.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "1 6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nhardy perennial 4 feet flowers blue, in June and July Europe\\n1596. A. ochroleticujn (yellowish-white); hardy perennial; 3\\nfeet flowers yellowish-white, in June and July Caucasus\\n1794. A. speciostun (showy); hardy perennial 3 feet; flowers\\nblue, in July 1804. A. variegatiun (variegated) hardy peren-\\nnial 5 feet flowers blue and white, in July south of Europe.\\nAcoRUS. [Orontiaceae.] A small genus of hardy peren-\\nnials with gladiate leaves, which succeed well in moist gar-\\nden soil. Easily propagated by division.\\nA. cala7nus is the sweet-flag of druggists.\\nA. calamus (sweet-flag) 2 feet flowers green, in June Eng-\\nland. A. graffiifieits {gr2issy) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners green, leaves very flagrant; China; 1796. A. terrestris\\n(land) i foot flowers green, in June China 1822.\\nAcROLiNiUM. [Compositae.] A beautiful half-hardy an-\\nnual. Soil, sandy peat and loam. Propagated by seeds.\\nA. roseiun (rosy) half-hardy annual 18 inches flowers rose-\\npink, in June Swan River 1853.\\nACT.^A. [Ranunculacece.] A family of hardy peren-\\nnials, conspicuous for their white flowers and red or white\\nberries, succeeding in any garden soil, but preferring a moist,\\nhalf-shaded position. Propagated by division of the root in\\nearly spring and by seeds.\\nA. alba (white); hardy perennial 2 feet flowers and berries\\nwhite, in May and August; North America. A. rubra (red);\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers white, in May berries bright-\\nred, in August North America. These two have been consid-\\nered varieties of spicata, but seem sufficiently distinct to con-\\nstitute species. A. spicata {s^Wn^d) herb Christopher hardy\\nperennial 3 feet flowers white, in May England.\\nAcTiNOMERis. [Compositae.] Half-hardy ornamental\\nperennials, nearly allied to Coreopsis, and of easy culture in\\nany good garden soil. Propagated by division of the root\\nand by seed.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0026.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1/\\nA. alata (winged) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJuly; Mexico; 1803. A. heliaiithoides (sunflower-like); hardy\\nperennial; 3 feet; flowers yellow, in July; Louisiana; 1825.\\nA. procera (tall); hardy perennial; 8 feet; flowers yellow, in\\nSeptember; North America 1766. A. squarrosa ^x^z.d^xi^;\\nhardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in July North Ameri-\\nca 1640.\\nAdam s Needle. See Yucca.\\nAdenophora. [Campanulacese.] Hardy herbaceous\\nplants related to and resembling Campanula, thriving in\\ncommon garden soil, and easily propagated by division.\\nA. denticiilata (denticulated); hardy perennial i foot; flow-\\ners blue, in June and July Siberia 181 7. A. mtermedia (inter-\\nmediate); hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers pale-blue, from July\\nto September; Siberia; 1819. A.vrrticillata{\\\\^\\\\\\\\Q)x\\\\t6) hardy\\nperennial; 2 feet flowers pale-blue, in June Siberia; 1783.\\nAdenostoma. [Sanguisorbaces.] A hardy shrub nearly\\nallied to Alchimilla. Propagated by cuttings of the young\\nshoots, rooted in sand under a bell-glass in spring. Soil,\\nrich peaty loam. Requires protection in winter in more\\nNorthern States.\\nA fascicidata (fascicled) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers white,\\nin June California; 1848.\\nAdlumla.. [Fumariaceae.] A very pretty hardy biennial\\nclimber flowers white, tipped with pink foliage finely cut\\nand very ornamental. Seeds sown in May produce plants\\nw^hich climb and flower the following year. Propagated by\\nseeds. As with all biennials, to insure bloom every year,\\nseed must be sown each spring in rich soil, however, the\\nseed sows itself, and the plants come up without further\\ntrouble. The genus is nearly allied to Corydalis.\\nA. drrhosa (tendril bearing); hardy biennial; 8 to 15 feet;\\nflowers white, rose tipped, all summer North America 1778.\\nAdonis. Pheasajifs Eye. [Ranunculaceae.] Hardy an-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0027.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "1 8 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nnuals and perennials, with pretty poppy-like blooms. Com-\\nmon garden soil. The annuals may be sown in pots in\\nFebruary, a few in a three-inch pot, and kept under glass\\nuntil May, when, if planted out with their ball of earth entire\\nin the borders, they will flower directly or they may be\\nsown in patches in the open border or in beds, about May.\\nThe fault of the Flos Adonis as a garden plant is, that the\\nbloom is scanty. The perennials like a cool situation, but\\nrequire no peculiar culture they are propagated by dividing\\nthe roots. There are several species.\\nAnnuals. A. aestivalis (summer) 2 feet flowers scarlet,\\nin June; south of Europe; 1629. A. aittunuialis (autumnal;\\nFlos Adonis, Pheasant s Eye); 18 inches; flowers crimson, in\\nJuly England. Av citrina (citron-colored) i foot flowers\\norange, in June south of Europe 18 19.\\nPerennials. A. Appetiiiia (Appenine) i foot flowers yel-\\nlow, in May Europe. A. Daiirica (D2X\\\\\\\\ix\\\\(z?c(\\\\)\\\\ i foot; flow-\\ners yellow, in May Siberia; 1827. ^4. ^/V/^r/^ (distorted) i\\nfoot; flowers yellow, in spring; Naples; 1827. A. Pyrejiaica\\n(Pyrenean) 18 inches flowers yellow, in July Pyrenees 1817.\\nA. Siberica (Siberian) 2 feet flowers yellow, in May; Siberia\\n1827. A. vernalis (spring); i foot; flowers yellow, in April;\\nEurope; 1629. A. Vo/gensis (Volga.); i foot flowers yellow, in\\nMay; Russia; 18 18.\\n^gochloa. [Polemoniaceae.] Dwarf hardy annuals,\\nnearly allied to Gilia, and requiring the same management.\\nThey grow in ordinary light garden soil and seeds require\\nto be sown about the middle of May in patches in the flower-\\nborders, the young plants being thinned out while young, so\\nthat they may not grow up crowded. The genus is now\\ncalled Navarrettia.\\ncotulo folia (cotula-leaved) hardy annual 3 inches\\nflowers white, in June California 1833. Al. intertexta (inter-\\nwoven) hardy annual i foot flowers blue, in June Califor-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0028.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 9\\nnia; 1833. y\u00c2\u00a3. pubescens {downy); hardy annual i foot flow-\\ners blue, in June California 1833. ^-E. sqiiarrosa (spreading)\\nhardy annual i foot flowers blue, in August Santa Cruz\\n1847.\\n^scuLUS. [Sapindacese.] The Horse-chestnut is too well\\nknown to need description. All the species are hardy orna-\\nmental trees, flourishing in rich loam, of stately growth, alike\\ndesirable both for foliage and flower. Propagated by seed,\\nlayers, or by grafting.\\nglabra (smooth-leaved) 12 feet flowers greenish-yellow,\\nin May; North America 1812. A\u00c2\u00a3. hippocastaJiu7n (common\\nHorse-chestnut); 40 feet; flowers white, in May; Asia; 1629.\\njE.hippocastanum flore-pleno {d.oxii!o\\\\^- ^ov^^x^d)\\\\ 40 feet; flowers\\nwhite, in May gardens. AL. hippocastamim foliis argeiiteis\\n(silver-leaved) 40 feet flowers white, in May gardens. jE.\\nhippocastanu77t variegatum (commmon striped-leaved) 16 feet\\nflowers white, in May; Asia; 1629; layers. Ohiotensis\\n(Ohio) 30 feet flowers white, in May North America. y\u00c2\u00a3.\\npallida (pale-flowered) 1 2 feet flowers greenish-yellow, in\\nJune; North America; 1812; grafts or buds. Al. rubicimda\\n(red-flowered); 12 feet; flowers red, in June; North America;\\ngrafts or buds 1820.\\nThe double-flowered variety is very desirable.\\n^THiON^MA. [Cruciferae.] Annuals and perennials of\\nlow growth succeeding in light soil. Propagated by summer\\ncuttings, or by seed sown in spring.\\nAnnuals. Buxbaiunii (Buxbaum s) 6 inches flowers\\npale-red, in June; Levant; 1823. jE. gracile (slender); 3\\ninches; flowers pale-red, in June Carniola 1823. j\u00c2\u00a3.saxatile\\n(rock) 6 inches flowers flesh-color, in June south of Europe\\n1759-\\nPerennials. heterocarpuin (various-podded) 6 inches\\nflowers purple, in July; Armenia; 1837. Al. ineuibrattacetmi\\n(membranous); i foot; flowers lilac, in June; Persia; 1829.\\nmonospermum (one-seeded) 6 inches flowers pale-purple,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0029.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "20 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nin July; Spain; 1778. j)arviflorum (small-flowered); 6\\ninches flowers lilac, in July; Persia 1830.\\nAfrican Marigold. See Tagetes.\\nAGATHiEA. [Compositae.] Greenhouse sub-shrubby plants,\\nuseful for the summer decoration of the flower-garden. Good\\ngarden soil, or loam and leaf-mould. Propagated freely by\\ncuttings in August or February, the young plants being kept\\nin a frame or greenhouse, and planted out in May.\\nA. ccslestis (heavenly); frame sub-shrub; 18 inches flowers\\npale-blue, from May onwards Cape of Good Hope 1753. A.\\nlinifolia (flax-leaved) frame sub-shrub 1 8 inches flowers blue,\\nall summer Cape of Good Hope 1800.\\nAgeratum. [Compositae.] Hardy or half-hardy annuals,\\nwhich may, however, be kept as perennials, by cuttings or in\\npots, if not allowed to ripen seed. Light rich soil. Propa-\\ngated by seeds, which should be sown in April, in a frame,\\nand the plants pricked out in the open border in May, not\\nless than six inches apart. The best is A. Mexicamwt.\\nA. Mexicanu77t vel odoratimt (Mexican or fragrant) half-hardy\\nannual; 18 inches; flowers blue, all summer; Mexico; 1822.\\nA. a7igiistifolmm from Monte Video; has white flowers, in\\nJuly. A. strictiun from Nepaul has white flowers, in June.\\nA. coeruleurn from the West Indies has sky-blue flowers, in\\nJuly.\\nAgrimonia. [Rosaceae.] Hardy herbaceous perennials,\\neasily propagated by division of the root, and growing in\\ncommon garden soil. The genus is allied to Potentilla.\\nA. Etipatoria (Eupatoria) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nyellow, in June Great Britain. A. odorata (scented) hardy\\nperennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in July and August Italy\\n1640. ^.JZ/^i/^^/^wj- (sweet-smelling); hardy perennial 3 feet\\nflowers yellow, in July Virginia 1820.\\nAgrostemma. [Car}^ophyllaceas.] Hardy perennials.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0030.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 21\\nwith Lychnis-like flowers. They should be planted in a pre-\\npared rich loamy soil, and are increased by division.\\nThe species commonly known as Rose Campion (A. cor-\\nonaria) is now referred to Lychnis.\\nA. Bungeana (Bunge s) hardy perennial i8 inches flowers\\nscarlet, in July Asiatic Russia 1834. A. Pyrenaica (P}Te-\\nnean) hardy perennial i foot flowers pale-rose, in June Py-\\nrenees 1819. A. Suecica (Swedish) i foot flowers pink, in\\nAugust; Sweden; 1834.\\nAgrostis. [Graminace^.] A very beautiful annual or-\\nnamental grass. Easily grown from seed sown in light\\nloamy soil. If grown in a frame, in pots, the plants develop\\nwell and are very ornamental.\\nA. pulchella (neat) hardy annual i foot apetalous, flower\\npanicle slender, much branched Italy 1831. A. dulcis, ele-\\ngans, laxiflora^ nebulosa^ phunosa^ and retrofracta are fine new\\nvarieties, all succeeding with similar treatment.\\nAjUGA. Bugle. [Labiatas.] Hardy perennials or an-\\nnuals, the latter of little interest in gardens some of the\\nformer are neat plants for damp rock-work, or for flower-\\nborders in a cool situation. Common damp garden soil.\\nPropagated by division.\\nA. alpiiia (alpine) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue,\\nin May England. A. Geitevejisis (Geneva) hardy perennial\\n6 inches flowers blue, from May to July Switzerland 1656.\\nA. pyramidalis (pyramidal) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners blue, in May and June Britain. A. reptans (common)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue, in May and June\\nEngland. There are white-flowered and red-flowered varieties\\nof this.\\nAiLANTHUS. [Xanthoxylaceae.] Tree of Heaven. De-\\nciduous trees formerly extensively planted on account of\\ntheir rapid growth and graceful foliage, but now generally", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0031.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "22 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ndiscarded on account of the vile smell of the blossoms.\\nCuttings and seed. Dry soil.\\nA. glandiilosa (glanded) hardy tree 20 feet flowers green\\nChina 175 1.\\nAlchemilla. Ladfs Mantle. [Sanguisorbaceae.] Har-\\ndy perennials. Common soil. Propagated by division.\\nThe species have all insignificant flowers, but a pretty\\nfoliage. A. alpina^ conjimcta, and sericea are the most inter-\\nesting. A. Capensis and sibbaldiccfolia are greenhouse plants.\\nSome other hardy species are A.fissa 2iXiA pentaphylla.\\nAlder. See Alnus.\\nAletris. Colic Root. [Liliaceae.] Curious hardy peren-\\nnials, requiring a cool, moist situation and peaty soil, and to\\nbe in a shady place. Propagated by offsets.\\nA. aicrea (golden-tipped) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nyellow, in July; North America; 181 1. A. farinosa (mealy);\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers white, in June North\\nAmerica 1768.\\nAlisma. Water Plantai7i. [Alismaceae.] Hardy water\\nplants. The plants maybe planted in the muddy soil of the\\nmargins of ponds or lakes or potted into large pots, and the\\npots set into water deep enough to cover them. Propagated\\nby seeds, or division of the roots.\\nA. lanceolata (spear-leaved); hardy aquatic perennial; 18\\ninches flowers pinkish-white, in July England. A. plantago\\n(plantain) hardy aquatic perennial 2 feet flowers blush, in\\nJuly; England. A. raiitmcidoides (ranunculus-like); hardy\\naquatic perennial i foot flowers purplish, in August Britain.\\nA. trivialis 2 feet flowers white, in July North America 18 16.\\nAllium. Garlic. [Liliaceae.] Hardy bulbs. Good\\nloamy soil. Propagated by offsets.\\nA. acumifiatum (sharp-pointed) half-hardy-bulb i foot\\nflowers white and crimson, in March; California; 1847. A.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0032.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 23\\nazureufn (azure) hardy bulb i foot flowers blue, in Septem-\\nber Siberia 1830. A. bisulciivi (jonquil-leaved) hardy bulb\\nI foot; flowers purple, in June; south of Europe. A. Cowani\\n(Cowan s) hardy bulb 9 inches flowers white, in June Chili\\n1823. A. flavum (yellow) hardy bulb 2 feet flowers yellow,\\nin June; Austria; 1759. A. longifolium (long-leaved); hardy\\nbulb I foot flowers dark purplish-red, in September Mexico\\n1826. A. Moly (Moly) hardy bulb i foot flowers yellow, in\\nJune south of Europe 1604. A. Neapolitanum (Neapolitan)\\nhardy bulb i foot flowers white, in June Italy 1824.\\nThere are about one hundred and twenty other species,\\nsome of which are ornamental but the above list com-\\nprises the best.\\nAlmond. See Amygdalus.\\nAlnus. [Betulaceae.] Hardy decjduous trees, with apeta-\\nlous fliowers, growing freely in moist situations. The tree\\nis short-lived, but very useful where a temporary shade is\\nneeded. Propagated by layers or seeds.\\nA. barbata (bearded); flowers in March Russia 1838. A.\\nCanadensis (Canadian) flowers in June Canada. A. cordifolia\\n(heart-leaved); flowers in June; Naples; 1818. A. glauca\\n(milky-green) flowers in June North America 1820. A. glu-\\ntinosa {^\\\\!\\\\Qk^) flowers in April Britain. A. glutitiosa eniar-\\nginata (five-notched-leaved) flowers in April Britain. A. glu-\\ntmosa foliis variegatis (variegated-leaved) flowers in April\\nBritain. A. ghitinosa incisa (cut-leaved) flowers in April Bri-\\ntain. A. ghitinosa laciniata (jagged-leaved) flowers in April\\nBritain. A. glutinosa quercifolia (oak-leaved) flowers in April\\nBritain; 1838. A. incana (hoary-leaved); 20 feet; flowers in\\nJune; Europe; 1780. A. ijicana angtilata (angular-leaved);\\n20 feet. A. incana pinnata (pinnate) 26 feet flowers in June\\nEurope. A. Jorullensis (Jorulla) Mexico. A. viacrocarpa\\n(long-fruited) 20 feet flowers in June. A. macrophylla (long-\\nleaved) 20 feet; flowers in June Naples. A. obcordata (two-\\nlobed) flowers in March Russia. A. oblongata (oblong-leaved);", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0033.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "24 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n20 feet; flowers in June south of Europe 1730. A. oblongata\\nelliptica (elliptic-lobed) 20 feet flowers in June. A. oxyacan-\\nthifolia (oxycanth-leaved) 20 feet flowers in June. A. puntila\\n(dwarf); 10 feet; flowers in June. A. rubra (red); 20 feet;\\nflowers in June. A. riigosa (wrinkled) flowers in March North\\nAmerica. A. serrulata (saw-leaved); 20 feet; flowers in June\\nNorth America 1769. A. Siberica (Siberian); Siberia; 1820.\\nA. stibrotiinda (roundish-leaved); 23 feet; flowers in April. A.\\nundiilata (wave-leaved) 20 feet flowers in June North Amer-\\nica; 1782.\\nAlonsoa. [Scrophulariaceae.] Greenhouse or half-hardy\\nevergreen sub-shrubs, with pretty scarlet flowers. Soil, sandy\\nloam and leaf-mould, equal parts. Propagated by seeds\\nsown in March in a hot-bed the seedlings pricked out when\\nlarge enough, and by the end of April potted separately into\\nsmall pots, and then hardened off in cold frames for planting\\nout. Cuttings planted in sandy soil, and put in a hot-bed in\\nspring, should be treated in the same way as soon as they\\nare rooted during summer they will root freely under a\\nhand-glass, on a shady border. For pot blooming, strong\\nyoung plants should be selected in March, and shifted into\\nlarger pots as they grow, the stronger branches being stopped\\nto make the plants bushy they should be grown in a green-\\nhouse, or a well-glazed frame. The plants require plenty of\\nair, and to be kept from frost in winter.\\nA. acutifolia (acute) greenhouse sub-shrub 3 feet flowers\\nscarlet, from May to October Peru 1790. A. incisifolia (cut-\\nleaved) greenhouse sub-shrub 2 feet flowers scarlet, from\\nMay to October Chili 1795. A. linearis (linear) greenhouse\\nsub-shrub 2 feet flowers scarlet, from May to October Peru\\n1790. A. Warczewiczii J greenhouse perennial; 18 inches;\\nflowers crimson scarlet, all summer Peruvian Andes 1854.\\nAloysia. [Verbenaceae.] A greenhouse shrub, which,\\nkept in a cellar in winter, succeeds well in the border in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0034.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 2$\\nsummer. It is chiefly cultivated for the leaves, which pos-\\nsess a pleasant lemon-like fragrance, whence the common\\nname Lemon verbena. The flowers are in spikes purplish-\\nwhite and inconspicuous. Soil, sandy loam and leaf-mould.\\nPropagated by cuttings, which root freely in sand in March\\nfrom the old wood, in August from the new.\\nA. citriodoi -a (lemon-scented) greenhouse shrub i to 5 feet\\nflowers purplish-white, in summer Chili 1784.\\nAlsine. [Caryophyllaceae.] Hardy annuals, some of\\nwhich are rather pretty. A. laricifolia, introduced from Si-\\nberia in 1834, is a perennial; propagated by division. A.\\n7nucro7iafa, moUuginea^ piibescens^ and segetalis, are pretty an-\\nnual species with white flowers. Propagated by seeds.\\nAlthaea. Marsh Mallow. [Malvaceae.] Hardy annuals,\\nbiennials, and perennials, but, excepting the Hollyhocks (A.\\nrosea 2i\\\\\\\\dJidfolia), of little horticultural importance. Com-\\nmon garden soil. Propagated, the annuals and biennials, by\\nseeds the perennials, by division of the root.\\nThe Hollyhock {Althcea rosea) is a noble flower and the\\nvarieties are becoming so numerous, and so much improved,\\nthat it is an established favorite. It is raised from seed, and\\nmultiplied by parting the roots the former to produce new\\nvarieties, the latter to propagate old ones. In autumn the\\nold plants must be dug up and parted, each heart being\\nseparated with a portion of root to it. These are to be\\nplanted out in a nursery-bed one foot apart, or they may\\nbe planted at once where they are to bloom. They will\\nstand three years, or even more, if a large plant and a num-\\nber of spikes of flower be the object. Even in parting them,\\nthey need not be divided into single hearts, unless increase\\nis desired. Choice varieties may be increased by cuttings of\\nthe flowering stems every leaf, with a portion of the old\\nstem containing a bud, being capable of forming a plant if", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0035.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "26 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ntreated as a cutting. They are best planted at the back of\\nborders, or in the midst of shrubs, the plants being in no\\nway interesting but the flower-spikes, which are produced at\\nthe upper part of the stem, are very noble objects. The\\nvariety of color afforded by this plant is now considerable,\\nand some varieties are veiy rich and distinct. They bloom\\nfrom the latter part of July to September.\\nA.ficifolia (Antwerp Hollyhock); hardy biennial 6 feet; flow-\\ners various, in July; Levant; 1597. A. rosea (common holly-\\nhock); hardy biennial, or perennial by culture; 8 to 10 feet;\\nflowers various, in July Levant 1573.\\nFor the newest varieties of double Hollyhocks consult the\\nflorists catalogues, where a large list may be found, with\\ncolors and habit described.\\nAlyssum. Madwort. [Cruciferas.] Dwarf hardy peren-\\nnials, or sub-shrubby plants, with cruciferous flowers. A.\\nsaxatile is very suitable for rock-work, or the front part of a\\nflower-border, and forms a beautiful spring-bloomiing bed in\\nthe flower-garden. It is increased by cuttings. Good gar-\\nden soil. The herbaceous species are propagated by divi-\\nsion, the sub-shrubby ones by cuttings. Vigorous two-year-\\nold plants are the best for blooming the others are unim-\\nportant. The plant commonly called Sweet Alyssum is not\\nof this genus it is Koniga ?naritima.\\nA. saxatile (rock); hardy sub-shrubby perennial; i foot;\\nflowers yellow, in April Candia 17 10.\\nThere are some twenty other species, all with white or\\nyellow flowers.\\nAmaranthus. Amamnth. [Amaranthaceae.] Hardy\\nand half-hardy annuals, sometimes showy from the large\\nmasses of rich-colored flowers, as in A. caiidatiis, in which\\nthey droop, and A. hypochondriacus, in which they grow", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0036.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 2/\\nerect sometimes grown for the curiously-colored foliage, as\\nin A. tricolor. Soil for the hardy sorts, rich garden mould.\\nThese are propagated by seeds sown in the open borders in\\nApril, the young plants thinned out to six inches apart.\\nThe tender sorts require a light and highly manured soil\\n(equal parts light loam, leaf-mould, and decayed manure), and\\nmust be sown in a hot-bed in April, and carefully tended till\\nthe weather becomes settled, and then planted out. A. mel-\\nancholicus is a very dark-foliaged species, which is now very\\npopular for massing.\\nA. atroJfurpure7^s (d3.rk-pur-p\\\\e) hardy annual 3 feet leaves\\nand flowers purple, in September; East Indies; 1820. A. bi-\\ncolor (two-colored) hardy annual 2 feet leaves red and green,\\nin August; East Indies 1802. A. caitdatus (Love-Hes-bleed-\\ning) hardy annual 4 feet flowers red, in August East In-\\ndies 1596. A. hypochondriac2is (Prince s feather); hardy an-\\nnual 3 to 4 feet flowers crimson, in August Virginia 1684.\\nA. speciosus (showy) hardy annual 6 feet flowers red, in July\\nNepaul 18 19. A. tricolor (three-colored); tender annual; 2\\nfeet foliage variegated, red, green, and yellow East Indies\\n1548.\\nAmberboa. [Compositas.] Hardy annuals. Plant in\\nrich garden soil. Propagated by seeds sown in the open\\nborder in May.\\nA. moschata (Sweet-Sultan); hardy annual; 2 feet; flowers\\nlilac-purple, in July; Persia; 1629. A. siiavolens {y^tVi.(y^- v\\\\-\\ntan) hardy annual 18 inches flowers yellow, in July Levant\\n1683.\\nAmelanchier. [Rosaceae.] Hardy deciduous shrubs,\\nsometimes attaining to the height of trees, bearing snowy-\\nwhite flowers early in the season, followed by dark-purple\\nedible berries. Propagated by seeds, layers, and grafting\\non thorn or quince. Called also June-berry and shad-bush.\\nA. Botryapiu7n (snowy Mespilus) hardy tree 12 feet flow-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0037.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "28 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ners white, in May North America 1746. This a.nd A j^orzWa,\\nand variety parvifioraj ovalis, and varieties semi-integrifolia,\\nsubcordata, oblongifolia, rotundifolia, ahiifolia^ sangtiifiea, and\\noligocarpa^ all seem varieties of one species, A. Canadensis^\\nto which all can readily be referred. All are natives of North\\nAmerica. A. vulgaris (common); 6 feet; south of Europe;\\n1596.\\nAmerican Cowslip. See Dodocatheon.\\nAmblyolepis. [Compositae.] A pretty and fragrant\\nhardy annual. Common garden soil. Propagated by seeds\\nsown in May.\\nA. setigera (bristly) hardy annual 2 feet flowers yellow, in\\nAugust East Indies.\\nAmethystea. [Lamiacece.] A pretty hardy annual.\\nSow the seeds in May in a light peaty soil, cover slightly,\\nand thin out as they grow. Propagated by seeds.\\nA. ccernlea (blue); hardy annual; 2 feet; flowers blue, in\\nJuly; Siberia; 1759.\\nAmmobium. [Compositas.] Half-hardy herbaceous plants,\\nflourishing in common garden soil. Propagated by cuttings\\nand seed.\\nA. alatiim (winged); half-hardy perennial; 2 feet; flowers\\nwhite, in June New Holland 1822. A. pla^itagyneiwi (plan-\\ntain-leaved) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in\\nAugust; New Holland; 1827.\\nAmmyrsine. [Ericaceae.] Dwarf hardy evergreen shrubs,\\nseparated from Ledum; conspicuous for masses of white\\nflowers in June, and for neat evergreen foliage. They suc-\\nceed well in a Rhododendron bed. A damp peaty soil will\\ngrow them in perfection, if well sheltered from the direct sun-\\nlight. Propagated by layers.\\nA. buxifolium (box-leaved) hardy evergreen shrub 6 inches\\nflowers white, in May and June North America; 1736. A.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0038.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 29\\nprostrata (flat-lying) hardy evergreen shrub 6 inches flow-\\ners white, in May and June North America.\\nAmmogeton. [Compositae.] A hardy herbaceous per-\\nennial, thriving in sandy loam. Propagated by division of\\nthe root.\\nA. scorzonerifolitmt (scorzonera-leaved) hardy herbaceous\\nperennial i foot flowers yellow, in May North America\\n1834.\\nAmorpha. [Leguminosae.] Deciduous hardy shrubs,\\ncalled also Bastard Indigo, natives of North America, thriv-\\ning in common garden soil. Propagated by seed or layers.\\nThe tips of the shoots are very liable to be winter-killed.\\nA. hef bacea, Leunsii, na7ia, and microphylla^ require winter\\nprotection in the Northern States.\\nA.fragrans (fragrant) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers purple,\\nin July; North America 1800. A.fniticosa{^\\\\\\\\xv^:)\\\\iy) hardy\\nshrub; 6 feet; flowers purple, in July; Carolina; 1724. A.\\ninicrophylla (small-leaved) half-hardy shrub 2 feet flowers\\npurple, in August; Missouri; 181 1. A. nana (dwarf); half-\\nhardy shrub 2 feet flowers blue, in August Missouri; 181 1.\\nAmpelopsis. [Vitaceae.] Hardy deciduous climbing\\nshrubs. The Virginian Creeper {A. hedei-acea) is one of\\nthe best of all plants, not evergreen, for covering a large\\nspace of bare wall or fence, thriving in the most confined\\nsituations in autumn the leaves assume a rich crimson tint.\\nCommon garden soil. Propagated by layers, cuttings, and\\nseeds.\\nThis plant is commonly known as Woodbine in the\\nNorthern States.\\nA. bipi7i7iata (double-winged); half-hardy climber; 15 feet;\\nflowers greenish, in August North America 1700. A. cordata\\n(heart-leaved) half-hardy climber 20 feet flowers greenish, in\\nMay; North America; 1803. These two require winter pro-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0039.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "30 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ntection in the Northern States. A. hederacea (Virginian creep-\\ner) hardy climbing shrub 60 feet flowers greenish, in June\\nNorth America; 1629. A. hirsnta (hairy); hardy climbing\\nshrub 60 feet flowers greenish, in May North America\\n1806.\\nAmpherephis. [Compositae.] A very pretty floriferous\\nplant, of easy culture in good garden soil. Sow the seeds\\nin May, in the open border, and thin out the plants.\\nA. aristata (awned) hardy annual; i foot; flowers purple,\\nin July Caraccas 1824. A. intermedia (intermediate); hardy\\nannual 18 inches flowers purple or lavender, in August Bra-\\nzil 1821. A. imitica (awnless) hardy annual i foot flowers\\npurple, in July South America 1803.\\nAmsonia. [Apocynacese.] Very neat pretty hardy per-\\nennials, thriving in common garden soil, propagated by divi-\\nsion of the root, or by cuttings, in summer.\\nA. angiistifolia (narrow-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers blue, in June; North America; 1774. A. latifolia\\n(broad-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue, in June\\nNorth America; 1759. A. salicifolia (willow-leaved); hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers blue, in June North America 181 2.\\nAmygdalus. Almond. [Rosaceae.] Small deciduous flow-\\nering trees and shrubs. The double-flowered varieties are\\nparticularly beautiful. All grow freely in good loamy well-\\ndrained garden soil. Propagated by budding on plum-\\nstocks the shrubs by transplanting the suckers, or by lay-\\nering.\\nA. cojmmmis (common) hardy tree, 15 feet flowers pink, in\\nApril; Barbary 1548. A. incana (hoary); hardy shrub; 2\\nfeet flowers red, in April Caucasus. A. nana (common\\ndwarf) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers pink, in April Russia\\n1683. ^./?^w// 2 (double dwarf) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers\\nred, in April China 1683.\\nThere are about a dozen or more varieties of the common", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0040.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 3 1\\nalmond. Most of these will survive the winter as far north\\nas the peach-tree can live. They flower, but seldom fruit.\\nThe sweet almonds are more tender than the bitter vari-\\neties. To make the dwarf flowering-almond flower to great-\\nest advantage, cut the plant off close to the ground as soon\\nas the bloom has faded.\\nAnacyclus. [Compositae.] A genus of hardy annuals,\\nwith rayed flowers of no special beauty. Easily grown in\\ncommon garden soil. Propagated by seeds.\\nA. Alexandrinus (Alexandrian); i foot; flowers yellow, in\\nJuly; Egypt; 1828. A. aureus (golden); i foot; flowers yel-\\nlow, in August; Levant; 1570. A. davatus (clavate) 2 feet\\nflowers white, in August Barbary 18 10. A. pyrethriwi (like\\npyre th rum) 2 feet; flowers white, in August Barbary; 1837.\\nA. radiatus (rayed) 2 feet flowers yellow, in August south\\nof Europe; 1596.\\nAnagallis. Pimpo-nel. [Primulaceae.] Hardy and half-\\nhardy slender annuals and herbaceous perennials, of pros-\\ntrate habit. The hardy annuals are sown in May in the\\nopen border, and are propagated by seeds. The half-hardy\\nsorts are increased by cuttings, planted in March in hot-\\nbeds, or in July or August under a hand-glass, and when\\npotted off, should be grown in three parts loam and one\\npart peat, and preserved during winter in a greenhouse.\\nThey all do well in beds and borders in the flower-garden.\\nA. altertiifolia (alternate-leaved) perennial i foot; flowers\\nyellow and pink, in May Rio Janeiro 1839. carnea (flesh-\\ncolored) hardy annual i foot flowers flesh-colored, in Au-\\ngust Switzerland; 1819. A. Indica (Indian); hardy annual\\nI foot flowers blue, in June; Nepaul 1824. A. MarryattcB\\n(Mrs. Maryatt s) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers cop-\\nper-colored, in June garden hybrid. A. Monelli (Monelli s)\\nhalf-hardy herbaceous trailer i foot flowers blue, in June\\nItaly 1648. A. var. Brewerii has red flowers. A lilacina has", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0041.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "32 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\npale-lilac flowers. A. Phcsnecia has scarlet flowers inti-oduced\\nfrom Morocco in 1803. A. Phillipsii has blue flowers. A. Wil-\\ninoreana has purple flowers introduced from Madeira in 1834.\\nA. Webbiana (Webb s) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nblue, in July; Portugal; 1828. A. Wellsiana (Wells s); half-\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers copper-color, in July hybrid.\\nThere are numerous seeding varieties.\\nAnantherix. [Asclepiadaceae.] A hardy herbaceous\\nplant of no special beauty, growing in any garden soil, and\\nreadily increased by division.\\nA vh idis (green) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers green\\nand yellow, in September North America 18 12.\\nAnarrhinum. Very pretty half-hardy biennials, allied\\nto Antirrhinum. Seed sown in summer wdll give bloom\\nthe following year. Common garden soil. May also be\\nincreased by cuttings. Winter in cold frame.\\nA. bellidifoliutn (daisy-leaved) 18 inches flowers blue, in\\nJuly; France; 1629. A.fruticosujn{^^\\\\\\\\xv\\\\ihy)\\\\ 2 feet flowers\\nwhite, in July south of Europe 1826. A. pubescens {dov^ny)\\n18 inches flowers white, in July south of Europe 181 8.\\nAnastatica. [Cruciferae.] An annual plant of the Egyp-\\ntian deserts, called Rose of Jericho. When full grown, it\\ncontracts its rigid branches into a ball, and is blown about\\nby the wind when it alights upon a damp place the branch-\\nes relax as if it came to life hence the name of Resurrec-\\ntion Flower. Aside from this, it is a plant of no interest, the\\nflowers being small and white. It grows readily from seed,\\nbut needs a warm exposure.\\nA. HierocJnintina (Rose of Jericho); hardy annual; 18\\ninches flowers white, in July Levant 1597.\\nAnchusa. Biigloss. [Boraginaceae.J A genus of orna-\\nmental herbaceous plants, comprising perennials, biennials,\\nand annuals. They all grow freely in common garden soil.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0042.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 33\\nThe perennials are increased by division and seeds the bi-\\nennials and annuals by seed. As they transplant badly,\\nthey should be sown where they are to bloom.\\nThe flowers of most of the species of which there\\nare more than thirty are blue but A. angustifolia, lep-\\ntophylla, petiolatci, and zmdnlata, have purple flowers A.\\nincaniata has flesh-colored, and A. ochroleiica and its vari-\\neties, have yellowish-white A. myosotifiora has pink flowers.\\nA. Capensis and pidchella require greenhouse protection.\\nThe following are good species\\nA aggregata (cluster-flowered) hardy annual flowers blue,\\nin June Levant; 1827. A. amana (pleasing) hardy annual\\nflowers blue, in June south of Europe; 1817. A. Barrelieri\\n(Barrelier s) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue, in May\\nsouth of Europe 1820. A. Capensis (Cape) greenhouse bi-\\nennial 6 inches flowers blue, in July Cape of Good Hope\\n1800. i^/z7/^rz (Miller s) hardy annual 18 inches; flowers\\npink, in June Levant 1713. A. ochroleuca (yellowish) hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers pale-yellow, in July Mount Cauca-\\nsus 1810. A. paiiiculata (panicled) hardy perennial 3 feet\\nflowers blue, in June Madeira; 1777. A. tinctoria (alkanet);\\nhardy biennial, or perennial 18 inches flowers purple, in June\\nMontpelier 1596.\\nAndromeda. [Ericaceae.] Beautiful evergreen shrubs,\\nprincipally hardy, but a few requiring a greenhouse or stove.\\nSoil, good rich moist peat, or peat with a third, part loam.\\nThey are best propagated from layers, put down in Septem-\\nber, and taken off the following autumn. The seeds are\\nvery small, and require to be sown as soon as ripe, very\\nlightly covered, and set in a cool close frame but this is\\ntoo tedious a process, except with very rare kinds. Perhaps\\nA.Jloribimdamz.yhQ set down as one of the most useful of\\nall dwarf shrubs for it looks well from the time the bloom-\\n3", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0043.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "34 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nbuds first appear till they are dead, and that comprises one-\\nhalf the entire year.\\nThere are some forty species, most of which are hardy\\nthe genus has, however, by later botanists been separated\\ninto Leucothoe, Cassandra, Oxydendrum, and Cassiope of\\nA. polifolia there are many garden varieties. The following\\nare most ornamental\\nA. (Leucothoe) axillaris (axil-flowering) hardy evergreen\\nshrub 2 feet; flowers white, in June North America; 1765.\\nA. (Cassandra) calyailata (small-calyxed) hardy shrub 2 feet\\nflowers white, in March North America 1748. A. (Leucothoe)\\nCatesbcei (Catesby s) hardy evergreen shrub 2 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June North America 1793. A. floribunda (free-\\nflowering) hardy evergreen shrub 3 feet flowers white, in\\nMay; North America 1812. ^^///i?//^ (poly-leaved) hardy\\nevergreen shrub i foot flowers pink, in July North America\\n1790. A. Mariana (stagger-bush); hardy deciduous shrub; 3\\nfeet; flowers large white, in June; North America; 1763. Oxy-\\ndendrum arboreuni (sorrel-tree) is a very ornamental tree of the\\nsecond class, bearing in August large racemes of white flov/ers.\\nHardy south of Massachusetts.\\nAndrosace. [Primulaceae.] Elegant alpine plants, re-\\nlated to the primroses the hardiest of them well adapted\\nfor sheltered rock-work, and all very interesting grown in\\npots. Soil, sandy peat and light turfy loam in about equal\\nproportions. Their greatest risk is from excess of moisture\\nabout the crowns or roots and from dampness in winter\\nthey are much more liable to suffer injury than from the de-\\ngree of cold. They ought to be kept in small pots, very well\\ndrained and, in the application of water, great care is neces-\\nsary at all seasons, but especially in winter. In our sum-\\nmers, they require a cool situation. The perennial, bien-\\nnial, and annual species require the same kind of treatment,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0044.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 35\\ndiffering only in the mode of propagation, which in the per-\\nennials is by division, and in the others by seeds.\\nA. carmata (keeled) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers\\nyellow, in May North America 1826. A. carnea (flesh-col-\\nored) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers flesh-color, in July\\nSwitzerland; 1768. A. C/^^;\u00c2\u00ab^ ^j-7;zi? (bastard-jasmine) hardy\\nperennial 3 inches flowers pink, in June Austria 1768.\\nA. lactea (milk-white) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nwhite, in June; Austria; 1752. A. lactiflora (milk-flowered);\\nhardy biennial 6 inches flowers white, in June Siberia\\n1806. A. lamiginosa (woolly) frame perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners rosy-lilac, in August Himalaya 1841. A linearis (linear)\\nhardy perennial 3 inches flowers white, in May North\\nAmerica; 1826. A. maxima (greatest); hardy annual; 6\\ninches; flowers white, in May; Austria; 1797. A. septentri-\\nonalis (northern) hardy annual 6 inches flowers white, in\\nMay; Russia; 1755. A. villosa{y\\\\S\\\\.o\\\\x^)\\\\ hardy perennial 3\\ninches flowers pink, in June Pyrenees 1790.\\nANDROSiEMUM, [HypericaceaE.] A woody-stemmed her-\\nbaceous perennial, growing in the shade in common soil,\\nand increased by division.\\nA. officinale (officinal) i foot flowers yellow, in August\\nEngland.\\nAndryala. [Compositse.] A genus of composite plants\\nof little beauty, comprising annuals, biennials, perennials,\\nand greenhouse plants. Soil, garden loam. Increased by\\nseed or division.\\nAnemone. [Ranunculaceae.] A fine genus of hardy and\\nhalf-hardy herbaceous perennials, many having tuberous\\nroots, flourishing in rich light loam. Propagated by offsets,\\ndivision, or seed sown in July, from which plants will bloom\\nthe next year. A. Japonica, a fine autumnal blooming kind,\\nmakes a fine bed, and is propagated by every little fragment", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0045.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "36 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nof its roots, these being thickly set with Httle buds or bulb-\\nlets. Some of the smaller-growing spring kinds are very\\npretty if grown in large patches, or planted about in shrub-\\nberies these propagate by separating their tubers when in\\na dormant state. A. narcissiflora is a very fine hardy species,\\nblooming early in June.\\nThere are about twenty tuberous- rooted species and va-\\nrieties, and about forty with herbaceous roots.\\nThe Anemone, the florist s flower of our gardens, is the\\noffspring of A. coronaria (poppy anemone), and A. hortensis.\\nSprung from these are annually increased varieties. A vari-\\nety lasts about twelve years.\\nCharacteristics of a good single Anemone. The stem\\nstrong, elastic, and erect, not less than nine inches high\\nthe flower at least two inches and a half in diameter, con-\\nsisting of large, substantial, well-rounded petals, at first hor-\\nizontally extended, and then turning a little upwards, so as\\nto form a broad, shallow cup the color clear and distinct\\nwhen diversified in the same flower, or brilliant and strik-\\ning if it consists only of one color, as blue, crimson, or\\nscarlet.\\nA double Anemone should have the outer petals quite flat;\\nthe second series a little shorter, the third shorter still, and\\nso on till the centre is quite full, when the whole should\\nform a rather flat hemisphere. Every double flower should\\nbe of one full color.\\nPropagation. Offsets from the root, and new varieties\\nfrom seed. In propagating by offsets, all the best kinds\\nshould be taken up annually at the decay of the leaf, and\\nthe root divided at the time of taking up, to allow the wound\\nto heal, into as many pieces or knobs as are furnished with\\nan eye or bud observing, however, that, if they are divided\\nvery small, they flower very weak the first year.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0046.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 3/\\nThe time for taking up the roots is June, when the leaf\\nand stalk are withered for then the roots cease to grow for\\na month or six weeks. Take them up in dry weather,\\nspread in an airy place out of the sun for about a week,\\nthen clear from earth, and store in bags or boxes.\\nIn propagating by seed, sow from the best single or semi-\\ndouble flowers. Double flowers produce none.\\nThe time for planting is October, or early in November,\\nand the plants will come into flower in May or June.\\nMake the beds in a sheltered part of your garden, facing\\nthe south remove the old soil from the beds to the depth\\nof sixteen or eighteen inches. If it is low and swampy, with\\na wet, clay bottom, drain weU, and do not dig so deep if\\nhigh and dry, or with a sandy or gravelly subsoil, you may\\ngo a little deeper. Then put in from four to six inches of\\nunmixed cowdung, such as might be gathered up where\\ncows feed. Upon this layer of dung, place as much good\\nfresh loam as will raise the beds to their former level, or a\\nlittle higher. During winter, cover the beds with an old\\nframe, or with leaves and boughs.\\nAny common, moderately light earth suits the Anemone\\novermoist and stiff soils rot the roots in winter. If neces-\\nsary to make a soil, take maiden loam from the surface of a\\npasture, the top spit, turf and all to every load of this add\\none of cowdung, and half a load of sea or sharp sand blend\\nthe whole together, and fonn it into a ridge, in which let it\\nremain a year, at least, turning it over once in two or three\\nmonths. But, in default of pasture-earth, a good compost\\nmay be formed of common light garden soil and rotted cow-\\ndung, adding to every load of the former half a load of the\\nlatter, and about a quarter of a load of sharp sand and of\\neither of the above composts the bed is to be formed. Make\\nit about twelve or fifteen inches in depth, and three feet and\\na half broad.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0047.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "38 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nA. Apennina (Apennine) hardy tuber 6 inches flowers\\nblue, in May England. A. Caroliniana (Carolina) hardy tu-\\nber I foot; flowers white, in May; North America; 1824.\\nA. coro7zarm {poppy) hardy tuber 6 inches flowers various,\\nin May; Levant; 1596. A. Halleri (Haller s) hardy peren-\\nnial 6 inches flowers purple, in May Switzerland 18 16.\\nA. Jiorteiisis (garden) hardy tuber 6 inches flowers rose, in\\nMay; Italy; 1597. A. Hiidsoniana (Hudson s); hardy peren-\\nnial 6 inches flowers white, in June North America 1827.\\nA. Japonica (Japanese) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers rose,\\nin September; Japan; 1844. A. iievwrosa (grove); hardy tu-\\nber 6 inches flowers white, in April and May England. A.\\npalmata (palmate) hardy tuber 6 inches flowers yellow, in\\nMay; Portugal; 1597. A. pavoitia (peacock); hardy tuber\\nI foot flowers red, in May France. A. Pemtsylvanica (Penn-\\nsylvania) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in May\\nNorth America; 1766. A. Pulsatilla (pasque-flower); hardy\\nperennial 9 inches flowers purple, in April England. A.\\nrammcidoides (ranunculus-like) hardy tuber 6 inches flow-\\ners yellow, in May England. A. vernalis {^px in^; hardy per-\\nennial 6 inches; flowers white, in May; Switzerland; 1752.\\nA. vitifolia (vine-leaved) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nwhite, in September; Nepaul 1829.\\nThere are many other species, all more or less desirable.\\nAniseed -Tree. See Illicium.\\nAnisodus. [Solanaceae.] Coarse-growing perennials of\\nlittle beauty, growing in common garden soil, and increased\\nby division.\\nA. luridits (lurid) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellowish-\\ngreen, in July Nepaul 1823.\\nRequires protection in the Northern States.\\nAnodontea. [Cruciferae.] A genus of hardy plants\\nallied to Alyssum, and requiring the same treatment. There\\nare seven species, of no special interest.\\nAnoda. [Malvaceae.] Hardy annuals, commonly called", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0048.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 39\\nBlue Hibiscus. Easily grown in common soil, and very\\npretty. Propagated by seed sown in open borders in May.\\nA. Dillenia; hardy annual; i8 inches; flowers blue, in Au-\\ngust Mexico; 1858.\\nAnomatheca. [Iridaceae.] Pretty half-hardy bulbous\\nperennials. Soil, light rich loam. Propagated readily by\\nseeds or by offsets. A. criienia, planted out in a bed, makes\\na pretty show, the bloom lasting till September. The seed\\nshould be sown in wide-mouthed pots or seed-pans, very\\nthinly and if the plants come up too thick, they must be\\nthinned. The next season, they may be planted four or\\nfive in a pot, and the following year they may be bedded\\nout in spring and the bulbs taken up in autumn. The\\nflower is very bright, sparkling, and effective. The plants\\nalso do well in pot-culture, although very subject to red\\nspider; and bloom all summer contrasting prettily in the\\ngreenhouse with Gloxineas and Achimenes.\\nA.cruenta (blood-colored); half-hardy bulb i foot flowers\\nscarlet, in June Cape of Good Hope 1830. A. juncea (rush-\\nleaved) half-hardy bulb i foot flowers Hlac, in May Cape\\nof Good Hope 1791.\\nAntennaria. [Compositae.] Small hardy and half-\\nhardy herbaceous perennials. The smaller kinds are suit-\\nable for pot-culture. Soil, sandy loam. Propagated by\\ndivision.\\nA. Alpina (Alpine) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers pink,\\nin June Europe 1775. A. Carpatica (Carpathian); hardy\\nperennial 6 inches flowers pink, in June Carpathian Moun-\\ntains 1775. A. dioica (dioecious) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers pink, in June England. A. margariticia (pearly) hardy\\nperennial i foot flowers white, in July; England. A. plan-\\ntaginea (plantain-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nwhite, in June Virginia, 1759. A. triplinervis (triple-nerved)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers white, in August Nepaul\\n1823.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0049.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "40 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nAnthemis. [Compositas.] A genus of mostly hardy\\nplants, of which about twenty-three are herbaceous peren-\\nnials, twelve annuals, and three evergreens. The common\\nChamomile is a familiar example. None of the species are\\nparticularly interesting. All are of easy culture m common\\ngarden soil.\\nAnthericum. [Liliaceae.] Greenhouse or hardy herbace-\\nous perennials, with fleshy bundled roots. They are rather\\npretty, and desirable in a large collection. Soil, sandy loam,\\nwith plenty of drainage. Propagated by suckers, offsets, and\\nseeds.\\nA. liliastrtun (St. Bruno s Lily) is a fine hardy plant, with\\nwhite flowers in May; Switzerland; 1629. A. albticoides (al-\\nbuca-like) greenhouse perennial i foot flowers white, in\\nJuly; Cape of Good Hope 1788. A.Jilifoluim (thread-leaved)\\ngreenhouse perennial i foot flowers white, in May Cape of\\nGood Hope; 1820. A. fioribundiwi (free-flowering); green-\\nhouse perennial i foot flowers white, in March Cape of\\nGood Hope 1774. A.fragrans (sweet) greenhouse perennial\\nI foot flowers white, in April Cape of Good Hope 1795. A.\\nsulphureum (sulphur) hardy perennial i foot flowers pale-\\nyellow, in May; Hungary; 1823. A. vespertimini (evening);\\ngreenhouse perennial 2 feet flowers white, in May Cape of\\nGood Hope 1803.\\nThere are some twenty other species.\\nAntirrhinum. Snapdragon. [Scrophulariaceae.] Har-\\ndy herbaceous plants, mostly perennials. The common\\nSnapdragon (A. inajtis), with its varieties, is the most im-\\nportant. It grows well in a common border, and seeds free-\\nly. The seeds may be sown in July or August in a pan or\\nwide-mouthed pot, to be planted out, when large enough, in\\na bed, which, in the Northern States, should be protected\\nby a frame during winter. Striking varieties, such as the\\ndouble-flowered and the striped-flowered, may be propa-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0050.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 4 1\\ngated by cuttings of the small unblooming shoots, inserted\\nin sandy soil under a hand-glass. When rooted, they may\\nbe potted singly into pots and presented in frames during\\nwinter, ready to plant out in the following April. They\\nbloom very well in six-inch pots. The annuals may be\\nsown in pots in a frame in March, and planted out in May.\\nA. asarina (asarina) half-hardy trailing herb flowers white,\\nin July Italy 1699. A. glandulosum (glandulous) hardy an-\\nnual 2 feet flowers red and yellow, in August California\\n1834. A. niajus (common); hardy perennial; 2 feet; flowers\\nvarious, in July; England. A. molle (soft); half-hardy trailing\\nherb; flowers white, in July; Spain; 1752, A. Montevidense\\n(Monte Videan) hardy annual i foot flowers red, in July\\nMonte Video; 1829. A. seiiipervirens (evergreen); hardy per-\\nennial 2 feet; flowers pink, in June Pyrenees 1821.\\nMost of the species require frame protection during win-\\nter in the Northern States.\\nAntwerp Hollyhock. See Althaea ficifolia.\\nApargia. [Composit2e.] The only species worth culti-\\nvating is A. aiirajitiaca, a hardy herbaceous perennial, grow-\\ning one foot high, with orange-colored flowers in June in-\\ntroduced from Hungary in 1816.\\nApios. [Leguminosae.] A tuberous-rooted hardy climb-\\ning perennial. The tubers have been recommended as a\\nsubstitute for potatoes. Rich loamy soil. The plants\\nflower better if left undisturbed. Propagated by division of\\nthe tubers.\\nA. tuberosa (tuberous); hardy cHmbing perennial; 6 feet;\\nflowers purple, in August; very fragrant and pretty; North\\nAmerica; 1640,\\nApocynum. Dog s-bane. [Apocynace^e.] Acrid hardy\\nherbaceous perennials, of rambling growth, with small cup-\\nshaped flowers, not very showy. Common soil. Increased\\nby division.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0051.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "42 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nA. androscemifolium (tutsan-leaved) hardy perennial 3 feet\\nflowers pink, in July North America 1688. A. caftnabhmm\\n(hemp-like) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellowish, in July\\nNorth America 1699. y^ ^y/^rzayb/zV^?;? (hypericum-leaved)\\nhardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, in June North America\\n1758. A. Venetum (Venetian) hardy perennial 2 feet; flowers\\nwhite, in July Adriatic Islands 1690.\\nAponogeton. [Fluviales.] Curious and elegant peren-\\nnial water-plants one or tw^o require a stove temperature,\\nothers a greenhouse. A. distachyon is easily grown and\\nflowered in the open air in summer, and may be preserved\\nin a cellar during winter the tender kinds in pots set into a\\ntank or tub. Soil, peat and loam. Propagated by seeds,\\nwhich should be sown in spring in the same kind of soil,\\nand the pots set under water they also increase by offsets.\\nA. distachyon (two-spiked) i foot flowers white, in June\\nCape of Good Hope; 1788. A. angiistifoliuni (narrow-leaved);\\ngreenhouse aquatic i foot flowers white, in June Cape of\\nGood Hope 1788. A. jimcifolinvi {xm \\\\\\\\-\\\\q2mq.^ greenhouse\\naquatic i foot flowers white, in July 1847.\\nAquilegia. Columbijie. [Ranunculaceae.] Handsome\\nhardy perennials. Common garden soil good turfy loam\\nfor the choicer sorts. Propagated by seeds, or by division.\\nThe seed of the common kinds may be sown in beds thinly\\nin May the young plants, when strong enough, planted out\\nsix inches apart every way. If they are to bloom in beds,\\nthey should be nine inches apart and eighteen inches from\\nrow to row. When they bloom, pull out and destroy all the\\nsingle and ugly ones, and, if desirable, propagate the better\\nones. The common Columbine has sported into a variety\\nof colors and some of its double varieties are very beautiful.\\nA. Alpina (Alpine) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue, in\\nMay Switzerland 1731. A. atropiirpurea (dark purple) har-\\ndy perennial; i foot; flowers purple, in May; Siberia; 1827.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0052.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 43\\nA. Canadensis {C2Lna.d\\\\3.n) hardy perennial; i foot; flowers\\norange-red, in May North America 1640. A. formosa (beau-\\ntiful) hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers reddish-orange, in\\nJune Kamtschatka 1822. A. fragrans (fragrant) hardy per-\\nennial 6 inches flowers pale-yellow, in May Himalayas\\n1839. gldndidosa (glandular) hardy perennial 18 inches\\nflowers white and blue, in June; Siberia; 1822. A. glatica\\n(glaucous) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers pale-yellow, in\\nMay Himalaya 1839. A.juctmda (joyous) hardy perennial\\nI foot; flowers blue and white, in June; Siberia; 1844. A.\\nKanaoriensis (Kanaor) hardy perennial i foot flowers violet\\nwith blue spurs, in May Himalaya. A. leptoccsras (slender-\\nhorned) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue and cream-\\ncolor, in July; Siberia; 1846. A. 7nacranf/ia (\\\\3.Tge-^owered)\\nhardy perennial 18 inches flowers cream-colored tinged with\\npink; North America; 1847. Siberica (Siberian); hardy\\nperennial 18 inches flowers blue and white, in June Siberia\\n1806. A. 6^/ (Skinner s) hardy perennial; 18 inches;\\nflowers red and green, in May; Guatimala 1841. A. viUgai^is\\n(common) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers various, in June\\nBritain. A. blanda is a fine hybrid with white and blue flowers.\\nA. ccerulea is a Rocky- Mountain species erect flowered with long\\nspurs. A. spectabilis is a Siberian species with dark-purple\\nflowers with yellow centre. A variety of vulgaris^ A. caryphyl-\\nloides, has double variegated flowers the seeds are dark -green\\ninstead of black.\\nArabis. Wall-cress. [Cruciferae.J Dwarf evergreen\\nhardy perennials, with cruciferous flowers, particularly\\nadapted for rock-work. Common soil. Propagated by cut-\\ntings, planted in a shady border, under hand-glasses, any\\ntime during summer. The annuals, which are insignificant,\\nare raised from seeds sown in Ma}^\\nA. albida (whitish) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers white,\\nin April Caucasus 1798. A. Alpestris (Alpine) hardy bien-\\nnial 6 inches flowers white, in May Switzerland 1819. A.\\nAlpina (Alpine) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers white, in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0053.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "44 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nMay; Switzerland; 1596. A. cccrulea (blue); hardy perennial;\\n6 inches; flowers pale-blue, in June; Switzerland; 1793. A.\\nlucida (shining) hardy joerennial 6 inches flowers white, in\\nJune; Hungary; 1790. A. petrcza (rock); hardy perennial; 6\\ninches flowers white, in May Austria 1800. A. rosea (rosy)\\nhardy biennial 6 inches flowers rose, in April Calabria\\n1832. A. undidata (wavy) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers\\nwhite, in May; south of Europe 18 10. A. verna (spring);\\nhardy annual i foot flowers purple, in May; France; 17 10.\\nThere are pretty variegated varieties of A. albida, pmcox^\\nand lucida. There are some twenty other species.\\nAralia. [Araliaceae.] Hardy deciduous shrubs, and\\ntall-growing herbaceous perennials. They grow with erect\\nstems, and leaves comparatively large and very compound\\nthe herbaceous kinds being smaller. All desirable as speci-\\nmen plants for the lawn or shrubbery. Common soil.\\nPropagated by cuttings of the matured stems, planted in\\nsandy soil under hand-glasses. There are some stove and\\ngreenhouse kinds. Soil, loam and peat. Propagated by\\ncuttings.\\nA. hi spida (^nsi\\\\y) hardy deciduous shrub; 8 feet flowers\\nwhite, in July; North America; 1799. A. midicaulis (naked\\nstemmed) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, in June\\nNorth America 1731. A. Miihlenbergii (Muhlenberg s) hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers white, in July North America. A.\\nrace7nosa (raceme-flowered) hardy perennial 4 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June; North America; 1658. A. spiiiosa (thorny);\\nhardy shrub 8 feet flowers white, in September Virginia\\n1688^\\nThere are fifteen other species, mostly greenhouse plants.\\nAraucaria. [PinacecE.] A genus of magnificent ever-\\ngreen trees, hardy south of Philadelphia. The best-known\\nspecies is A. imbricata, the Chili Pine. A. excelsa^ the Nor-\\nfolk-Island Pine, requires greenhouse protection.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0054.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 45\\nArbor-Vit^. See Thuja.\\nArbutus. [Ericacese.] A beautiful genus of evergreen\\nshrubs, flourishing in loamy garden soil or peat. Flowers\\nbell-shaped, white or pink. Increased by seeds or layers,\\nthe rarer species by inarching on the more common. The\\nfruit resembles a strawberry, and is very ornamental. They\\nare not hardy north of Philadelphia. Of the eighteen\\nspecies seven are greenhouse evergreens.\\nA ant^rac/me {2indra.chne) lo feet; flowers white, in April;\\nLevant; 1724. A. andrachnioides (andrachne-hke) 8 feet;\\nflowers whitish-green, in April. A. Canariensis (Canary);\\ngreenhouse evergreen 8 feet flowers whitish-green, in June\\nCanaries; 1796. A. deiisijlora (thickly-flowered); greenhouse\\nevergreen 20 feet flowers white Mexico 1826. A. hybrida\\n(hybrid). A. laurifolia (laurel-leaved) greenhouse evergreen\\n20 feet; flowers white; Mexico; 1825. A. Meiisiesii (Men-\\nzie s) flowers white North America 1827. A. Milleri (Mil-\\nler s) hybrid 10 feet flowers white, in September 1825. A.\\ninucronata (sharp-pointed-leaved) greenhouse evergreen trail-\\ner I foot; flowers white Magellan; 1828. A. pilosa (hairy-\\nbranched).; I foot; flowers white, in May; Mexico 1829. A.\\nphillyrecBfolia (phillyrea-leaved) greenhouse evergreen i foot\\nflowers white Peru 1812. A. procei^a (tall) 15 feet flowers\\nwhite North America; 1825. A. piimila (dwarf); greenhouse\\nevergreen 4 feet flowers white Magellan 1825. A. serrati-\\nfolia (saw-edged-leaved) greenhouse evergreen 6 feet flowers\\nwhitish-green. A. speciosa (showy) Mexico 1837. A. touien-\\ntosa (woolly-branched) 4 feet flowers white California; 1826.\\nA. tomeiitosa nuda (smooth-branched.) A. nnedo (unedo) 10\\nfeet; flowers white, in October; Ireland. A. wiedo crispa\\n(curled) 8 feet flowers white, in October, A. uiiedo integrifo-\\nlia (entire-leaved) 6 feet flowers pink, in October. A. imedo\\nplena (double-flowered) 5 feet flowers white, in October, A.\\nunedo salicifolia (willow-leaved) 6 feet flowers white, in Octo-\\nber. A. schizopetala (cut-petalled) 7 feet flowers white, in\\nOctober. A. schizopetala ritbra (red-flowered) 10 feet flowers\\npink, in October,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0055.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "46 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nThe shrub called Strawberry-tree in the Northern United\\nStates is Euonymus.\\nArctostaphylos. [Ericaceae.] Dwarf evergreen shrubs,\\nornamental in foliage, flowers, and berr}^, succeeding in sandy\\npeat. Increased by layers and seed. A. Alpina is deciduous.\\nA. Alpina (Alpine); deciduous trailer; i foot; flowers flesh-\\ncolored, in May; Scotland. A. lo7igifolia (long-leaved); half-\\nhardy evergreen under-shrub Mexico; 1847. A. nitida (shin-\\ning) half-hardy evergreen shrub 4 feet flowers white, in May\\nMexico; 1836. A. pungens (stinging); half-hardy evergreen\\nshrub; i foot; flowers white, in February; Mexico 1839. A.\\ntomeiitosa (downy) evergreen shrub flowers white North\\nAmerica 1826. A. uva iirsi (bear s-grape) evergreen trailer;\\nI foot flowers white, in April Britain.\\nArctotis. Bear s-ear. [Compositae.] Greenhouse per-\\nennial herbs, with showy composite flowers. Soil, sandy\\nloam and leaf-mould. Propagated by division. Many of\\nthe species are remarkable for having the under surface of\\ntheir leaves covered with a close white wool and this, to-\\ngether with the form of the leaves, gives them a distinct\\nappearance among other plants. Many of the species form\\ngood bedding plants, and give a mass of bloom all summer.\\nTreated as annuals, they bloom the first year.\\nA. acaulis (stemless); greenhouse perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners yellow, in May Cape of Good Hope 1759. arboresce?ts\\n(arborescent); greenhouse perennial; 18 inches flowers white\\nand pink, in June; Cape of Good Hope; 1818. A. aspera\\n(rough) greenhouse perennial 2 feet flowers pale-yellow, in\\nJune Cape of Good Hope 1710. A. aiircola (golden) green-\\nhouse perennial 18 inches flowers orange, in April Cape of\\nGood Hope; 17 10. A. breviscarpa (short-podded); hardy an-\\nnual I foot flowers orange with dark centre, in July Cape of\\nGood Hope. A. grajidijiora (\\\\:AxgQ.-?iC\\\\NQ.XQ.^; greenhouse per-\\nennial 18 inches; flowers yelloW, in April; Cape of Good", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0056.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 47\\nHope; 1774. A.speciosa (showy); greenhouse perennial; 18\\ninches flowers yellow, in June Cape of Good Hope 1812.\\nArenaria. [Caryophyllaceae.] Small herbaceous per-\\nennials and annuals, suitable for rock-work. The peren-\\nnials increased by division, the annuals by seed. All grow\\nin good garden soil.\\nA. Balerica (Balerian) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers\\nwhite, in July Majorca 1787. A. biflora (two-flowered) hardy\\nperennial 3 inches flowers white, in June Switzerland 1818.\\nA. ccBspitosa (tufted) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers white,\\nin June; Switzerland; 1826. A. glandidosa (having glands);\\nhardy annual 3 inches flowers purple, in June Europe 1820.\\nA. nardifolia (spikenard-leaved) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers white, in June Siberia 1827.\\nThere are about seventy other species.\\nArethusa. [Orchidacese.] A genus of only two spe-\\ncies, of which only one is hardy. The plants are very diffi-\\ncult of cultivation, but their beauty richly repays any care.\\nThe root is a small tuber, about the size of a large pea. Soil,\\npeat, very wet.\\nA. bulbosa (bulbous) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers pur-\\nple and white, in June North America in low peaty swamps.\\nThis plant is dying out in many localities where it was\\nonce very plenty.\\nAretia. [Primulaceae.] Pretty little perennials, of easy\\nculture in loam and peat. Propagated by division.\\nA. Alpina (Alpine) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers pink,\\nin June Switzerland 1775. A. Helvetica (Swiss) hardy per-\\nennial 3 inches; flowers white, in June; Switzerland; 1775.\\nA.pubescens (downy) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers white,\\nin June Switzerland 1824. A. Vitaliana (Vital s) hardy peren-\\nnial 3 inches flowers yellow, in June Pyrenees 1787. A.\\narge7itea is half-hardy.\\nAll the species are very impatient of standing water at\\nthe roots.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0057.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "48 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nArgemone. [Papaveraceae.] Annuals and perennials,\\nwith white and yellow poppy-Hke flowers. Common garden\\nsoil. They will not bear transplanting. The ar.nuals are\\npropagated by seed, the perennials by suckers. The latter\\nrequire winter protection in the Northern States.\\nA. grandijlora (large-flowered) hardy perennial 2 feet j\\nflowers white, in July Mexico 1827. A. intei media (interme-\\ndiate) hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers white, in July\\nMexico 1827. A. Mexicana (Mexican) hardy annual 2\\nfeet; flowers yellow, in July Mexico; 1592. A oc/n^oleuca {yt\\\\-\\nlowish) hardy annual 2 feet flowers cream-colored, in July\\nMexico 1827.\\nAris^ma. [Araceae.] Hardy and half-hardy tuberous-\\nrooted perennials, with a curious and spathaceous inflores-\\ncence. Soil, peat and loam. Propagated by division.\\nA. dracontiiim (dragon) hardy tuber 2 feet flowers green,\\nin June; North America; 1759. i^igc^^s (gaping); half-\\nhardy tuber 6 inches flowers in May Japan 1800. A. ter-\\nnatum (ternate) half-hardy tuber 9 inches flowers purple,\\nin May; Japan; 1774. A. triphyllum (three-leaved); hardy\\ntuber 9 inches flowers brown, white, purple, and green, in\\nMay North America 1664.\\nThis latter species is commonly- known as Indian Tur-\\nnip, Jack in the Pulpit, or Wild Arum. In cultivadon,\\nit grows very large, and is very curious in flower, and orna-\\nmental in fruit.\\nAristolochia. Birthivort. [Aristolochiaceae.] (Dutch-\\nman s Pipe.) Hardy greenhouse or stove herbs or shrubs,\\noften with twining stems. Soil for the hardy sorts, rich\\nloam and sand plenty of root-room. Propagated by layers.\\nThe twining species are rampant climbers, often growing\\nthirty feet high they should have plenty of room, to appear\\nto advantage. They are increased by layers and division.\\nThe following are the hardy and half-hardy species, of", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0058.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 49\\nwhich A. sipho and toinentosa are the best. There are also\\nsix greenhouse and about twenty stove species. The flow-\\ners of all are more curious than beautiful.\\nA. BcEtica (Spanish); deciduous climber; 6 feet; flowers\\npurple, in June; Spain; 1596. A. Chilensis (Chilian); decid-\\nuous half-hardy 6 feet flowers purple and green, in Septem-\\nber West Indies; 1832. A. dematitis (clematis-like); herba-\\nceous perennial; 2 feet flowers yellow, in July; Britain. A.\\nlonga (long-rooted) deciduous trailer 2 feet flowers purple,\\nin July; south of Europe; 1548. A. pallida (pale-flowered);\\nherbaceous perennial; 2 feet flowers white and purple Italy;\\n1640. A. pistolochia (pistolochia) deciduous trailer; 2 feet;\\nflowers purple, in July; south of Europe; 1597. A. sagittata\\n(arrow-shaped) herbaceous perennial i foot flowers purple,\\nin July; North America; 18 19. A. serpentaria (snakeroot)\\ndeciduous trailer i foot flowers dark-purple, in July North\\nAmerica; 1632. A. sipho (tube-bearing); deciduous climber;\\n30 feet flowers yellow and brown, in July North America\\n1763. A. tomentosa (downy) deciduous climber 20 feet flow-\\ners purple, in July North America 1799.\\nArmeria. Thi-ift. [Plumbaginaceae.] Dwarf herba-\\nceous plants, nearly all hardy. Soil, sandy loam. Increased\\nby dividing the crown, and planting the separate pieces as\\ncuttings under hand-glasses. They are fine rock-plants,\\nand also do well in pots; and some varieties of the com-\\nmon thrift, especially a deep rose and a white one, make\\npretty edging to flower-beds.\\nA. cephalote:^ i^\\\\^-3.A^6)\\\\ hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers\\ndeep rose-pink, in August; Europe; 1800. A. dianthoides\\n(pink-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers pale red, in\\nMay; Europe; 18 10. A. latifolia (broad-leaved); hardy per-\\nennial 2 feet flowers pale-red, in June Portugal; 1740. A.\\nplantaginea (plantain-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\npale-red, in June Jersey. A. vitlgaris (common) hardy per-\\nennial 6 inches flowers pink, in June England. There is\\na pretty white-flowered variety of this, called alba.\\n4", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0059.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "50 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nAronicum. [Composite.] A hardy herbaceous plant\\naUied to Doronicum, flourishing in garden soil, and propa-\\ngated by division.\\nA. Altaictun (Altaic); hardy perennial i foot; flowers yel-\\nlow, in July Siberia; 1783.\\nArrow-Head. See Sagittaria.\\nArtemisia. Hardy and greenhouse herbs and shrubs,\\nwith a few annuals, remarkable in many cases for a strong\\nheavy odor. A. Abrotajuwi, the Southernwood, is a favor-\\nite in cottage gardens the, rest are unimportant. Common\\nsoil. Propagated by cuttings.\\nA. Abrotamun (Southernwood) hardy shrub 2 feet flow-\\ners greenish, in August Europe 1548.\\nThere are about forty other species.\\nArum. [Araces.] Curious perennials. The majority\\nhardy, but some requiring a greenhouse, others a stove. It\\nis the floral sheath or spathe of these plants that forms the\\nconspicuous part of the inflorescence. The tender kinds\\nshould have rich loam, and plenty of water while growing.\\nFor the hardy sorts, any common soil that is deep. Propa-\\ngated by suckers.\\nA. dracunatlus (dragon); hardy perennial; 3 feet; flowers\\nbrown, in July south of Europe 1548. A. Italicum (Italian)\\nhardy perennial; i foot; flowers yellowish, in June; Italy;\\n1683. A. tenuifoliiim (slender-leaved); hardy perennial; i\\nfoot flowers white, in June south of Europe 1750.\\nMany plants formerly belonging to Arum have been re-\\nferred to Arisaema.\\nArundo. [Gramineae.] Hardy perennials, flourishing in\\nrich damp soil. Propagated by division.\\nA. Donax hardy perennial; 10 feet; flowers apetalous\\nsouth of Europe 1648 A. Donax versicolor; a pretty striped\\nvariety.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0060.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 5 I\\nAsARUM. Asarabacca. [Aristolocliiacete.] Dwarf hardy\\nperennials, more remarkable for the curious structure of\\ntheir flowers than for their beauty. Cool moist common\\nsoil. Propagated by division.\\nA. Ca7ta(fense (C3.n3.dmn) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nbrown, in April; Canada; 17 13. A. EiiropcBiuji (European);\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers brown, in April England.\\nA. Virginicuin (Virginian) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nbrown, in April Virginia; 1759.\\nAscLEPiAS. Swallow-wort. [Asclepiadaceae.] Herba-\\nceous perennials, including stove, greenhouse, and hardy\\nkinds. For the tender kinds, rich loam and leaf-mould in\\nequal parts. They are best raised from seeds, which are\\ngenerally produced freely, and the plants should be often\\nrenewed they may also be raised by cuttings in sand in a\\nhot-bed. The seed should be sown in pots in the spring,\\nand the plants pricked out as soon as large enough, aftei\\nwards potted singly, and shifted into larger pots as they\\ngrow. Most of the hardy sorts grow in good deep garden\\nsoil but A. tiiherosa should have good loam, but will thrive\\nin garden soil. These are increased by division.\\nA. amcBna (pleasing); hardy perennial; 3 feet; flowers pur-\\nple, in July; North America 1732. A. Curassavica (Curas-\\nsoa) stove perennial 3 feet 5 flowers orange, in June South\\nAmerica; 1692. A white variety is called alba; a long-leaved\\ndeep-red variety is called rubra these are very desirable stove\\nplants, and do well as bedding plants in summer. A. decuinbens\\n(decumbent) hardy tuberous perennial 2 feet flowers orange,\\nin July North America; 1731. A. exaltata (tall); hardy per-\\nennial; 6 feet; flowers purple, in July; North America; 1800.\\nA. nivea (snowy); hardy perennial; 3 feet; flowers white, in\\nJuly; North America; 1730. A. pnlchra {idar); hardy peren-\\nnial 2 feet flowers purple, in July North America. A. rubra\\n(red) hardy perennial i foot flowers red, in July Virginia\\n1825. A. Syriaca (Syrian); hardy perennial; 4 feet; flowers", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0061.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "52 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\npurple, in July North America 1629. A. t2ibe7 osa{i\\\\xheYO\\\\is)\\nliardy tuberous perennial 2 feet flowers orange-scarlet, in\\nJuly North America 1690.\\nAsh. See Fraxinus.\\nAspen. See Populus.\\nAsPERULA. [Galiaceae.] Veiy pretty hardy perennials.\\nGrow in cool moist soil and increased by division.\\nA. Aparine (marsh) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers white,\\nin July; south of Europe; 1818. A. galeoides (gahum-like)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers white, in June south of*\\nEurope; 17 10. A. longifolia (long-leaved); hardy perennial i\\nfoot flowers red, in July south of Europe 1820. A. odorata\\n(sweet) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers white, in May.\\nA. tinctoria (dyer s) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers pink,\\nin July Europe 1764. A. trichodes (hairy) hardy annual\\npropagated by seeds flowers white, in July 1838.\\nAsPHODELUS. [Liliacese.] Hardy herbaceous perenni-\\nals, growing in common garden soil. Increased by division\\nA. albus (white) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, in\\nJune south of Europe 1820. A. luteus (yellow); hardy per-\\nennial; 18 inches; flowers yellow, in June Sicily; 1596. A.\\nproliferous (prolific) hardy annual propagated by seed flowers\\nwhite, in August; Armenia; 1824. A. raniosus (branching);\\nhardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, in June south of Eu-\\nrope 1 55 1 A. tenuior (more slender) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers white, in July Siberia 1824.\\nAster. [Composit^e.] Hardy composite perennials.\\nCommon garden soil. Propagated by seed and by division.\\nA veiy large family, of which we enumerate a very small\\nselection. See also Callistephus and Felicia.\\nA. AlpiiUis (Alpine) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers blu-\\nish-purple, in July; Europe; 1658. A. Amelhis (Amellus);\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers ptrrple, in August Italy 1596.\\nA. ^^j-j-^r^^zV?/.? (Bessarabian) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\npurple, in September; Bessarabia; 1834. A. Nov(2 Anglit^", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0062.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 53\\n(New England) hardy perennial 5 feet flowers purple, in Sep-\\ntember North America 1710. A. pidcherrimus (prettiest);\\nhardy perennial 9 inches flowers purple, in August North\\nAmerica 1800.\\nThere are more than a hundred and fifty other species.\\nAs iEROCEPHALUS. Hardy annuals and perennials, in-\\ncluding the well-known Sweet Scabious, or Mourning Bride.\\nThe seeds of this are sown in the flower-borders in May,\\nand merely thinned out when the plants come up, or in a\\nhot-bed, and transplanted. The perennial species are of\\neasy culture in common garden soil, and increase by di-\\nvision.\\nA. atropm- p-areiLs (Sweet Scabious); hardy annual 2 feet\\nflowers various colors, in July India. A gramiiiifoliiis (grass-\\nleaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue, in July S\\\\Titzer-\\nland 1683. A. incana (hoary) hardy perennial i foot flow-\\ners red, in June Europe; 1826. A. ochroleticus (yellowish);\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers pale yellow, in July Germany\\n1517.\\nThere are many other species.\\nAstragalus. Milk Vetch. [Legaminosae.] Perennials\\nand annuals, mostly hardy, bearing papiUonaceous flowers.\\nThe large species are suitable for the common borders, and\\nthe smaller ones for rock-work. They are increased by\\nseeds, by division, or by cuttings, according to their habit.\\nIt is a very numerous family, containing many species of\\nmerely botanical interest.\\nA. alopecitroides (fox~tail) hardy perennial 18 inches flow-\\ners yellow, in June Spain 1738. A. Atistriacus (Austrian)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers pale-blue, in June Austria\\n1640. A. hypoglottis (under-tongue) hardy perennial 6 inch-\\nes flowers purplish-blue and white, in June England. A.\\nleontiims (lion s tail) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue, in\\nMay Austria 1816. A. leptophy litis (fine-leaved) hardy per-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0063.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "54 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nennial; 6 inches; flowers white, in June Barbary; 1811. A.\\nMonspessulanus (Montpelier) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\npurple, in July; France; 1710. A. odoratus (sweet); hardy\\nperennial; i foot flowers yellow, in June Levant; 1820. A.\\nonobrychis (Saintfoin); hardy perennial 18 inches flowers pur-\\nple or white, in June Austria 1640. A. Ponticus (Pontic)\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in July Tauria 1820.\\nA. stipidatiis (stipuled) hardy perennial; i foot; flowers yel-\\nlow, in June Nepaul 1822.\\nThere are more than a hundred other species.\\nAsTRANTiA. [Umbelliferae.] Elegant herbaceous plants,\\nqnite hardy. Common garden soil. Increased by division.\\nA. Carm oh ca (Csirmolmn) hardy perennial i foot; flowers\\nstriped, in May; Carniolia; 18 12. A Caticasz ca {C2iUca.si2Ln)\\nhardy perennial 3 inches flowers pink, in June Caucasus\\n18 1 8. A. ;/7 7y^r (greater) hardy perennial 2 feet; flowers\\nstriped, in June Europe 1596. A. maxima (greatest) hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers pink, in July Caucasus 1804.\\nAtragene. [Ranmiculaceae.] Hardy deciduotis climb-\\ners, resembling Clematis. Soil, rich garden loam. Prop-\\nagated by cuttings in sand under a bell-glass, or by layers.\\nA. Am.cricana (American); hardy climbing shrub; 10 feet;\\nflowers purple, in June North America 1797. A. Austriaca\\n(Austrian); hardy climbing shrub; 12 feet; flowers blue, in\\nJune; Austria; 1792. A. Sibej^ca (Siberian); hardy climbing\\nshrub 12 feet flowers white, in June Siberia 1753.\\nAubergine. See Solanum, Egg-Plant.\\nAuBRiETiA. [Cruciferae.] Veiy pretty dwarf evergreen\\nherbaceous perennials, growing in common garden soil, and\\nwell suited to rock-work. Propagated by seeds and division,\\nor by cuttings under a bell-glass in sand.\\nA. deltoidca (tlu^ee-angled) hardy perennial 3 inches flow-\\ners purple, in May; Levant 1710. A. hcsperidifiora (hesperis-\\nflowered) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers purple, in May", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0064.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 55\\nsouth of Europe 1823. A. purpurea (purple); hardy peren-\\nnial 3 inches flowers lilac-purple, in May Levant 1820.\\nThere are varieties with variegated foliage.\\nAcuBA. [Cornaceas.] A fine evergreen shrub, conspicu-\\nous for its variegated foliage hardy south of Philadelphia.\\nCommon soil. Propagated by cuttings and layers.\\nA. Japonica (Japan) hardy shrub 8 feet flowers chocolate,\\nin May Japan 1783.\\nThe plant is dioecious.\\nAuricula. See Primula.\\nAvENS. See Geum.\\nAvENA. [Graminese.] Oat. Too well known to need\\ndescription. A. sterilis is the common animated oats of the\\ngarden. All the species are ornamental in a collection of\\ngrasses.\\nAzalea. [Ericaceae.] Handsome, low, hardy, and\\ngreenhouse shrubs.\\nThe American or hardy Azaleas (A. pontica, calendiilacea,\\nniidifloray and viscosa, with hosts of garden varieties bred\\nfrom them) are inhabitants of all our best shrubberies, and\\nhave been so wonderfully improved by seedling culture as\\nto throw into the shade the original species there are\\nnow to be selected twenty or thirty varieties better than\\nthe very best of the original species. Ever}^ year, too, adds\\nto the diversity of sorts, and to the size of the flowers,\\nwhich is one of the characteristics of the improved kinds.\\nIn many places they thrive in the common soil of the gar-\\nden, but, in general, they require peat earth to be dug in\\nwith the natural soil and where there is to be any quantity\\ngrown, or a nursery of them made, beds of peat earth, or\\ncompounds of the greatest part of turfy-peat earth, must be\\nmade up. They are raised from seed sown in beds in the\\nopen air but, from its extreme diminutiveness, many prefer", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0065.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "56 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nsowing in pans and wide-mouthed pots. When they are\\nlarge enough, they should be planted out in peat-beds six\\ninches apart the second year every alternate plant may be\\ntaken out and planted elsewhere, to make room and, as\\nthey increase in size, they should have more room. They\\nare propagated chiefly by layers but cuttings of the last\\nyear s wood will root readily in sand. The following are\\nsome of the hardy species\\nA. arborescens (tree-like) lo feet flowers red, in June North\\nAmerica 1818. A. bicolor (two-colored) 4 feet flowers scar-\\nlet, in June; North America; 1734. A canescens (hoary); 3\\nfeet flowers red, in June North America 1812. A. calendii-\\nlacea (marigold-like) 4 feet flowers orange, in June North\\nAmerica; 1806. A. calendulacea chrysolecta (fine-golden); 4\\nfeet flowers yellow, in June North America. A. calendulacea\\ncrocea (saffron-colored) 4 feet flowers saffron, in June North\\nAmerica. A. calendulacea cuprea (copper-colored) 4 feet\\nflowers copper, in June North America. A calendulacea\\nfla7nmea (flame-colored) 4 feet flowers red, in June North\\nAmerica; 181 2. A. calendulacea grajidifiora (large-flowered)\\n4 feet; flowers orange, in June; North America. A. calendu-\\nlacea ignescens (fire-colored) i foot flowers red, in June\\nNorth America. A. calendulacea splendens (shining); 4 feet;\\nflowers orange, in June North America. A. calendulacea tri-\\nuinphans (triumphant) 4 feet flowers orange, in June North\\nAmerica. ^/(3:?/r^z (dwarf-glaucous) 2 feet flowers white, in\\nJune; North America; 1734. A. hispida (bristly); 5 feet;\\nflowers white, in June; North America; 1734. A. ledifolium\\n(ledum-leaved) 2 feet; flowers white, in April; China; 1824.\\nA. nitida (shining-leaved); 4 feet; flowers white, in April;\\nNorth America 18 12. A. nudifiora (naked-flowered) 3 feet\\nflowers deep pink, in June North America 1734. A. nudijlora\\nalba (early-white) 4 feet flowers white, in June North Amer-\\nica. A. nudifiora alba-plena (double-white); 4 feet; flowers\\nwhite, in June; North America. A. nudifiora blanda (soft);\\n4 feet flowers blush, in June; North America. A. nudijlora", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0066.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 5/\\ncarnea (flesh) 4 feet flowers pale-red, in June North America\\n1734. A. nudiflora Caroliiiiana (Carolina); 4 feet; flowers\\nscarlet, in June North America. A. niidifiora Coburghii (Co-\\nburg s) flowers scarlet, in June North America. A. nudiflora\\ncoccinea (scarlet) 4 feet flowers scarlet, in June North Ame-\\nrica. A. nudiflora corynibosa (corymbose) 4 feet; flowers scar-\\nlet, in June North America. A. nudiflora crispa (curled); 4\\nfeet; flowers pink, in June North America. A. nudiflora\\ncumulata (bundled) 4 feet flowers scarlet, pink, in June\\nNorth America. A. nudiflora discolor (two-colored) 4 feet\\nflowers white, scarlet, in June North America. A. nudiflora\\nfastigiata (pyramidal) 4 feet flowers pink, in June North\\nAmerica. A. luidiflora florida (m^any-flowered) 4 feet flowers\\npink, n June North America. A. nudiflora globosa (globe-\\nlike) feet; flowers pink, in June North America. A. nudi-\\nflora glomerata (round-headed) 4 feet flowers pink in June\\nNorth America. A. nudiflora incana (hoary) 4 feet flowers\\npink, in June North America. A. nudiflora incarnata (flesh-\\ncolored) 4 feet; flowers flesh, in June; North America. A.\\nnudiflora mirabilis (wonderful) 4 feet flowers scarlet, in June\\nNorth America. A. nudiflora magniflca (magnificent) 4 feet\\nflowers scarlet, in June North America. A. nudiflora montaua\\n(mountain) 4 feet flowers scarlet, in June North America.\\nA. nudiflora pallida (pale-flowered) 4 feet flowers pale-red, in\\nJune North America. A. 7iudiflora paludosa (marsh); 4 feet\\nflowers pale-red, in June North America. A. nudiflora papi-\\nlionacea (butterfly) 4 feet flowers striped, in June North\\nAmerica. A. 7iudiflora pa7 tita {fwQ-^2Lritdi) 4 feet flowers\\nwhite and red, in June North America. A. nudiflora pai vi-\\nflora (small-flowered); 4 feet; flowers in June; North America.\\nA. midiflora prolifera (proliferous) 4 feet flowers in June\\nNorth America. A nudiflora pufnila \\\\N2ir\u00c2\u00a3) 4 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June North America. A. 7iudiflora purpU7 asce7is\\n(purplish) 4 feet flowers purple, in June North America. A.\\n?iudiflo7 a purpurea (purple) 4 feet flowers purple, in June\\nNorth America. A. nudiflora pU7pureo-pletio (double-purple)\\n4 feet; flowers purple, in June North America. A. nudiflo7 a", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0067.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "58 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nI osea (rosy) 4 feet flowers red, in June North America.\\nA. iiudiflora ruberriina (reddest); 4 feet; flowers dark-red, in\\nJune North America. A. midiflora rubescejis (reddish) 4\\nfeet flowers red, in June North America. A. midiflora rubi-\\nnmda (ruddy) 4 feet flowers red, in June North America.\\nA. nicdiflora rubra (red) 4 feet flowers red, in June North\\nAmerica. A. nudiflora ;7////rt;^j- (shining-red) 4 feet flowers\\ndark-red, in June North America. A. nudiflora semi-dicplex\\n(semi-double) 4 feet flowers white, in June North America.\\nA. nudiflora staniinea (long-stamened) 4 feet; flowers red, in\\nJune; North America. A. nudiflora stellata (starry); 4 feet;\\nflowers red, in June; North America. A. nudiflora tricolor\\n(three-colored) 4 feet flowers scarlet, white, in June North\\nAmerica. A. nudiflora iiariabilis (variable); 4 feet; flowers\\nred, in June; North America. A. nudiflora variegata (varie-\\ngated) 4 feet flowers red and white, in June North America.\\nA. nudiflora versicolor (party-colored) 4 feet flowers red and\\nwhite, in June North America. A. nudiflora violacea (violet-\\ncolored) 4 feet flowers violet, in June North America. A.\\nPontica (Pontic) 6 feet flowers yellow, in June Turkey; 1793.\\nA. Pontica albiflora (white-flowered) 6 feet flowers white, in\\nMay Turkey. A. Pontica coronariiun (garland) 7 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in June Holland 1832. A. Pontica cuprea (cop-\\nper-colored-) 6 feet; flowers copper, in June; Turkey. A.\\nPontica glauca (milky-green-leaved) 6 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJune Turkey. A. Pontica pallida (pale) 6 feet flowers pale-\\nyellow, in April Turkey. A. Pontica tricolor (three-colored)\\n6 feet flowers pale-red, in April Turkey. A. speciosa (showy)\\n4 feet flowers scarlet, in June North America. A. speciosa\\nacutifolia (pointed-leaved) 4 feet flowers in June North\\nAmerica. A. speciosa aurantia (orange); 4 feet; flowers\\norange, in June North America. A. speciosa ciliata (fringed)\\n4 feet; flowers in June; North America. A. speciosa ci ispa\\n(curled); 4 feet; flowers scarlet, in June North America. A.\\nspeciosa cucullata (hooded) 4 feet flowers in June North\\nAmerica. A. speciosa 7;z 2; 6 r (larger-scarlet) 4 feet flowers\\nscarlet, in June North America. A. speciosa obliqua (unequal-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0068.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n59\\nsided); 4 feet; flowers in June North America. A. speciosa\\nprunifolia (plum-leaved) 4 feet flowers in June North Ame-\\nrica. A. speciosa revoluta (rolled-back-leaved) 4 feet flowers\\nin June North America. A. speciosa tortulifolia (twisted-\\nleaved) 4 feet flowers in June North America. A. speciosa\\nundulata (waved-leaved) 4 feet flowers in June North Ame-\\nrica. A. viscosa (clammy) 2 feet flowers white, in July North\\nAmerica. A. viscosa crispa (curled) 4 feet flowers white, in\\nJuly North America. A. viscosa dealbata (whitened) 4 feet\\nflowers white, in July North America. A. viscosa fissa (cleft)\\n4 feet; flowers white, in July; North America. A. viscosa\\nodorata (scented) 4 feet flowers white, in July North Ameri-\\nca. A. viscosa pencillata (pencilled); 4 feet flowers white, in\\nJuly; North America. A. viscosa pubesceiis (downy); 4 feet;\\nflowers white, in July North America. A. viscosa riibescens\\n(reddish) 4 feet flowers white, in July North America. A.\\nviscosa variegata (variegated) 4 feet flowers white, in July\\nNorth America. A. viscosa vittata (banded) 4 feet flowers\\nwhite, in July North America. A. a?nce?ia (bright-flowered)\\nI foot flowers crimson and purple, in April Shanghae. This\\nbeautiful little species is hardy as far north as Massachusetts,\\nif planted in peat and sand, and protected from the winter s\\nsun by an evergreen bough thrown over it. The foliage is\\nevergreen.", "height": "3623", "width": "2064", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0071.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "BABY S BREATH. See Muscari.\\nBaeria. [Compositae.] A pretty hardy annual, thriv-\\ning in any garden soil, from seeds sown in May.\\nB. chrysostoma (golden-mouthed); hardy annual i foot flow-\\ners yellow, in June California 1835.\\nBalm. See Melissa.\\nBalsamina. Balsam. [Balsaminacece.] Tender annu-\\nals. The garden Balsam, of which numerous handsome va-\\nrieties are grown, is B. hortensis. This requires a rich com-\\npost of loam and vegetable mould. Sow the seeds in pots,\\nabout March, and put them in a cucumber-frame or melon-\\nbed. As soon as they are up, and before they have time to\\ndraw, let them be potted out, one in a pot three inches\\nacross, and put in a declining or very moderate hot-bed,\\nwhere they must have air to prevent their being drawn up,\\nand must be so placed that the tops shall be near the glass,\\nand the plants must be shifted every time the pots fill with\\nroots and in this way you go on moving them from one\\npot to another as they fill with roots. The heat of the bed\\nmust not be neglected and the pots will have to be lowered,\\nor the frame raised, as the plants increase in size. Some\\nof the plants may be hardened off in May, and in June\\nturned into the borders, where, if the soil be rich, and the\\nsituation sheltered, they make a very pretty show, and seed\\nfreely. Those in pots have to be put into the greenhouse\\nwhen they have grown too large for the frames and, if the\\nhouse is a lean-to, they should be turned every day, that\\n60", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0072.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 6 1\\none side may not be drawn more than another. By con-\\nstant shifting, as the plants fill the pots, and keeping them\\nnear the glass, they can be grown very large, much branched,\\nand the flowers will cover the branches. Compared with\\nthe double varieties of the common Balsam, the other\\nspecies are unimportant, though some of the stove species,\\nwhen well grown, are very beautiful. Balsams also do well\\nif sown in a hot-bed and planted out after the weather has\\nbecome settled.\\nB. hortensis (garden) tender annual 3 feet flowers various,\\nin July East Indies 1596.\\nThere seems to be no reason for making this new genus\\nfrom Lnpatiens. The plant is better named Impatiens bal-\\nsaminea.\\nBaneberry. See Act^a.\\nBanksian Rose. See Rosa.\\nBaptisia. [Leguminosae.] Hardy perennials, with pa-\\npilionaceous blossoms. Common loamy soil. Multiplied\\nby division and seed.\\nB. alba (white); hardy perennial-; 2 feet; flowers white, in\\nJune; North America; 1724. B. Atistralis {sou^h^Yn); hardy\\nperennial 3 feet flowers blue, in June North America 1758.\\nB. lanceolata (lanceolate) hardy perennial i foot flowers yel-\\nlow, in July; North America; 18 18. B. mollis {?,o(\\\\.) hardy\\nperennial 18 inches flowers blue, in June North America\\n1824. B. villosa (villous) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nyellow, in June North America 181 1.\\nBarrenwort. See Epimedium.\\nBarbarea. [Cruciferae.] Hardy herbaceous plants, al-\\nlied to Arabis, readily increased by seed and division, grow-\\ning in garden soil not ornamental.\\nThe species are B. araiata, orthocerus, precox, strida, Tau-\\nrica, and vulgaris all with yellow flowers.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0075.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "62 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nBartonia. [Loasaceae.] Half-hardy annuals and bien-\\nnials. Soil peaty and rather cool. Propagated by seeds\\nthe annuals sown in March in a mild hot-bed, and planted\\nout in May, or sown in the open ground in May the bi-\\nennials sown in July, and kept in frames during winter. B.\\naurea, which is the principal sort cultivated, is very pretty.\\nB. albescens (white) half-hardy annual 2 feet flowers white,\\nin July; Chili; 183 1. B. aurea (golden); half-hardy annual;\\n2 feet; flowers yellow, in July; California; 1834. B.ornata\\n(ornate) half-hardy biennial 2 feet flowers white, in August\\nMissouri 1811. B. nuda (naked) half-hardy biennial 2 feet\\nflowers white, in August Missouri 181 1.\\nBastard Indigo. See Amorpha.\\nBatschia. Hardy perennials. Good loamy garden soil.\\nIncreased either by seeds or by division.\\nB. canesce7is (hoary); hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers\\nyellow, in July; North America; 1826. B. longijiora (long-\\nflowered) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers yellow, in May\\nMissouri 1812. B. sericea (silky) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers yellow, in July North America 1825.\\nBead-Tree. See Melia.\\nBear s Breech. See Acanthus.\\nBear s Ear. See Arctotis.\\nBear s Ear Sanicle. See Cortusa.\\nBear s Grape. See Arctostaphylos.\\nBedstraw. See Galium.\\nBeech. See Fagus.\\nBelladonna Lily. A beautiful species of Amaryllis\\n(A. Belladonna)^ occasionally used as a bedding plant.\\nThe foliage dies in July, and the spike of pink lily-like flow-\\ners is produced on a tall stem in September. After bloom-\\ning, the bulb should be potted, and the growth of foliage\\nencouraged, as on this depends the bloom of the next year.\\nThe bulb is tender, and must not be exposed to frost.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0076.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 63\\nBell-Flower. See Campanula.\\nBellwort. See Uvularia.\\nBellidiastrum. [Composite.] Dwarf hardy perennials,\\nwith daisy-Hke flowers. Soil, loam and peat. Increased by\\ndivision.\\nB. Michelii (Micheli s) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nwhite, in June Austria 1570.\\nRequires protection in the Northern States.\\nBellis. [Compositae.] A genus of very pretty half-hardy\\nperennials, growing in common garden soil, and increased\\nby division. The usual mode is to plant them in a frame,\\nand bring them into the house to bloom, or to bloom them\\nin the frame. The flowers are double and single, of various\\ncolors. Some have variegated foliage.\\nB. hybrida (hybrid) half-hardy perennial 3 inches flowers\\nwhite, in spring Italy; 1824. B. mtegrifolia (entire-le^ived)\\nhalf-hardy perennial 3 inches flowers white and pink, in July\\nTexas 1801. B. peremiis (perennial) half-hardy perennial\\nflowers white, in June the common Daisy of England. Variety\\nhortensis, the garden double red Daisy variety Jistulosa, the\\ngarden double red quilled Daisy variety prolifera, the garden\\nvariety, pink and white, with small flower-heads round the larger\\none. B. sylvestris (wood) half-hardy perennial 3 inches\\nflowers white, in June Portugal 1797.\\nThis plant offers a wide field for improvement by careful\\nhybridization. All the species require to be shaded from\\nour summer s sun.\\nBellium. [Composite.] A genus of small pretty half-\\nhardy herbaceous perennials, with daisy-like flowers, and\\ngrown in sandy peat the perennials increased by division\\nthe annuals, by seed.\\nB. bellidioides (daisy-like) hardy annual 3 inches flowers\\nwhite, in June; Italy; 1796. B. crassifoluun (thick-leaved);\\nhalf-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers white, in June Sar-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0077.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "64 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ndinia 1831. B. i7itermediu7ii (intermediate); half-hardy peren-\\nnial 3 inches flowers white, in August hybrid. B. inimttufn\\n(small) half-hardy perennial 3 inches flowers white, in July\\nLevant; 1772.\\nBerberis. Barberry. [Berberiaceae.] A genus of ever-\\ngreen and deciduous shrubs, ornamental in foliage, flower,\\nand fruit. The common Barberiy B. Canadensis is a very\\nornamental but neglected shrub. Although there is not a\\nshrub more decidedly shrubby, it can be formed into a\\npretty standard. Young suckers may be supported with\\nStaines until they run up to the height required, all their side\\nshoots being removed before they advance much in growth\\nthe top may then be taken off, and a few of the lateral\\nbranches encouraged close to the top these, shortened be-\\nfore they grow much, cause other laterals to grow, and a\\ngood head may be formed in a short time. Generally a\\ndeep sandy loam is desirable. Propagated by cuttings in\\nautumn, by grafting in the case of rare sorts, and by seeds\\nwhere large quantities are raised.\\nOne group of the Berberries have been called Mahonias.\\nThese are beautiful dwarf evergreen shrubs, with bright\\nshiny foliage, growing thick and rich, and bearing beautiful\\nclose bunches of bright yellow flowers in the spring, suc-\\nceeded by rich purple fruit. There is hardly a prettier set\\nof evergreens in cultivation they afford a very striking va-\\nriety in the foliage of a mixed clump but, as the plants\\nfeather down to the ground, there should be nothing to hide\\nthem on this account they make excellent lawn jDlants.\\nThey bear round, bright, purple fruit, which looks as well\\nas the flowers and the plants, which do not grow higher\\nthan three or four feet in general, and are a good while\\nreaching that height, are handsome without either flowers or\\nfruit. They are multiplied by suckers, which may be taken", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0078.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 65\\noff in the autumn they also strike freely, and may therefore\\nbe raised from cuttings but, of late, they have been chiefly\\nraised from seeds, which yield a much greater variety of fo-\\nliage than the several enumerated sorts exhibit. The seed\\nshould be washed out of the soft berries and dried then a\\nbed, with a portion of turfy peat dug among the ordinary\\nsoil, should be prepared, and the seed sown very thinly in-\\ndeed upon it, and raked in. When it comes up let it be\\ncleared of weeds, and, in very diy weather, occasionally\\nwatered. They may remain until large enough to plant out\\na foot apart for, if they have not room, they soon become\\ndrawn. Here they have only to be kept clean till they are\\nlarge enough to plant where they are to stand. Except\\nwhere otherwise specified, those named below are evergreen.\\nB. aquifoliiun (holly-leaved) evergreen shrub 5 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in May North America 1823. B. Beali (Beal s)\\nevergreen shrub 5 feet flowers yellow, in March China\\n1852. B. Darwi7ni {T)2ir\\\\Nm s) evergreen shrub 5 feet flow-\\ners deep orange, in May Chili 1847. S- dealbata (whitened)\\nevergreen shrub 5 feet flowers yellow, in May Mexico\\n1833. B. dzdcis {svfQet) evergreen shrub 5 feet; flowers yel-\\nlow, in May; Magellan; 1830. B. empetrifolia (empetrum-\\nleaved) half-hardy evergreen shrub 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nMay; Magellan; 1827. B. fasicularis (^\\\\m^^d^\\\\ half-hardy\\nevergreen shrub 6 feet flowers yellow, in May California\\n1820. B. For^miz (Fortune^ s) evergreen shrub 8 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in July; China 1846. B.ghwiacea (glumaceous)\\nevergreen shrub 10 feet flowers yellow, in May North\\nAmerica; 1822. B. ilicifolia (holly-leaved); evergreen shrub\\n8 feet flowers orange-yellow, in July Terra del Fuego 1843.\\nB. Jai7iieso7ii (Jameson s) evergreen shrub flowers yellow\\nPeru 1847. B. Loxensis (Loxa) half-hardy evergreen shrub\\n4 feet flowers yellow Loxa 1848. B. macrophylla (large-\\nleaved) evergreen shrub 5 feet flowers yellow Japan\\n1847. B. Nepaleiisis (Nepaul) half-hardy evergreen shrub\\n5", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0079.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "66 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n5 feet; flowers yellow, in March; north of India; 1850. B.\\nrepeiis (creeping) evergreen shrub 2 feet flowers yellow,\\nin May North America 1822. B. trifoliata (trifoliate) half-\\nhardy deciduous shrub 5 feet flowers yellow, in June Mex-\\nico 1839. B- trifurca (three-forked) half-hardy evergreen\\nshrub; 5 feet; flowers unknown; China; 1852. B. vulgaris\\n(common) hardy deciduous shrub 8 feet flowers yellow, in\\nMay; England. i5. J^^//zV//2(2;2^ (WaUich s) evergreen shrub\\n10 feet flowers yellow East Indies 1820.\\nMost of the evergreen species require a winter protection\\nof evergreen boughs in the Northern States.\\nBergia. [Elatinacese.] Hardy annual, of no great\\nbeauty. Sandy soil. Propagated by seeds.\\nB. verticillata (whorled) hardy annual i foot flowers white\\nand red, in June Egypt 1820.\\nBerteroa. [Cruciferse.] A small family of herbaceous\\nhalf-hardy plants, allied to Arabis, grown in common garden\\nsoil, and increased by division, seed, and cuttings. The\\nspecies all have whitish flowers and are B. incana, muta-\\nbilis, and obliqua. The former is also known as Alyssum\\nincanum.\\nBetckia. [Valerianaceae.] A genus of hardy annuals,\\nallied to Valerian. Propagated by seeds sown in a hot-bed,\\nand transplanted to the border.\\n;;m^/j- (larger) hardy annual; 18 inches flowers rose, in\\nAugust; California; 1836. j5. j-\u00c2\u00ab;/2^/// a; (samolus-leaved)\\nhardy annual i foot flowers rose, in July Chili 1835.\\nBetonica. Betofiy. [Labiatae.] Hardy perennials.\\nSoil, common garden mould. Propagated by division.\\nB. grandiflora (great-flowered) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers purple, in July; Siberia; 1800. B. incana (hoary);\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers flesh-color, in June Italy\\n1759. B. nivea {sno\\\\\\\\y); hardy perennial i foot flowers red,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0080.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 6/\\nin June Caucasus 1820. B. Orientalis (Oriental) hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers light-purple, in June Levant 1737.\\nThis genus is now united to Stachys, which see.\\nBetula. Betidacece. [Birch.] Hardy trees and shrubs,\\nflourishing in common soil, and propagated by seed. The\\nfollowing are the species\\nB. alba (common white) 40 feet flowers in April Britain.\\nB. alba Dalecarlica (Dalecarlian) 40 feet flowers in May Eu-\\nrope. B. alba foUis-variegatis (variegated -leaved) flowers in\\nMay. B. alba macrocarpa (large-fruited) 40 feet flowers in\\nJune Europe. B. alba pendula (pendulous) flowers in April\\nBritain. B. alba Pontica (Pontic) 70 feet flowers in May\\nTurkey. B. alba urticifolia (nettle-leaved) 40 feet flowers in\\nMay. B. alba verrucosa (warty) 40 feet flowers in April\\nBritain. B, Bhojpattra (Bhojpattra) 50 feet flowers in May\\nHimalayas 1840. B. carpinifolia (horn-beam-leaved) half-\\nhardy 50 feet; flowers in July; North America; 1759.\\nB. Datirica (Daurian) 30 feet flowers in July Siberia\\n1785. B. Daurica parvifolia (small-leaved); flowers in July;\\nSiberia. B. excelsa (tall) 60 feet flowers in July North\\nAmerica; 1767. B. friiticosa (shrubby); 6 feet; flowers in\\nJune Siberia 1818. B. glaiidulosa (glanded) flowers in May\\nNorth America; 1816. B. graiidis (great); North America;\\n1834. B. lanulosa (woolly); 70 feet; flowers in July; North\\nAmerica; 181 7. B. lenta (phant) 50 feet; flowers in July;\\nNorth America; 1759. B. lutea (yellow); 20 feet; flowers in\\nMay; North America. B. mollis (soft); East Indies; 1840.\\nB. nana (smooth-dwarf) 4 feet flowers in May North Amer-\\nica. B. na7ici 7nacrophylla (large-leaved) 6 feet flowers in\\nMay; Switzerland; 18 19. B. stricta {xi ^nght); flowers in May.\\nB. nigra (black) 60 feet flowers in July North America\\n1736. B. ovata (egg-leaved); 6 feet; flowers in May; Hun-\\ngary; 1820. B.pallescens (palish); 6 feet. B. papyracea {^2i-\\nper) 50 feet; flowers in June; North America; 1750. B.\\npapyracea fusca (blackish-brown) flowers in May Carolina.\\nB. papyracea platyphylla (broad-leaved) 50 feet flowers in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0081.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "68 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nJune Carolina. B. papyracea trichoclada (hairy-twigged) j\\nflowers in June Carolina. B. peiidiila (pendulous) 40 feet\\nflowers in June Britain. B. Pontica (Pontic) hardy ever-\\ngreen 12 feet flowers in May Turkey. B.populifolia (pop-\\nlar-leaved) hardy evergreen 30 feet flowers in July North\\nAmerica; 1750. B.populifolia lacimala (cut-lesLved) 30 feet\\nflowers in July. B. popidifolia pendiila (pendulous) flowers in\\nJuly. B. piibesceiis (downy) 30 feet flowers in June Ger-\\nmany 1812. B. picmila (hairy-dwarf) 6 feet flowers in May\\nNorth America; 1762. B. rubra (red); 60 feet; flowers in\\nJuly Canada. B. Scopolii (Scopoli s) 6 feet. B. tristis (sad)\\n10 feet flowers in May Kamtschatka.\\nBiDENS. [Compositae.] Annuals, bienDials, and peren-\\nnials, generally hardy, allied to Coreopsis. Propagated by\\nseed and division. Garden soil.\\nB. arguta; herbaceous perennial; flowers yellow, in June;\\nMexico; 1825. B. bipinnata (twice-leaved); hardy annual; 2\\nfeet; flowers yellow, in July; North America; 1687. B.letc-\\ncantJia (white-flowered); hardy annual; 18 inches; flowers\\nwhite, in July South America. B. macrosperma (large-seeded);\\nhardy annual i foot; flowers yellow, in July Siberia 1829.\\nThere are many other species.\\nBiGNONiA. Trumpet- Flower. See Tecoma.\\nBindweed. See Convolvulus,\\nBiRTHWORT. See Aristolochia.\\nBitter Vetch. See Orobus.\\nBladder Senna. See Colutea.\\nBiscatella. [Cruciferae.] A genus of hardy peren-\\nnials and annuals, of little beauty, growing in common soil.\\nIncreased by Feed and division.\\nBiserula. [Fabaceae.] A hardy annual, growing in\\nsandy soil. Increased by seed.\\nB. pilecinus hardy annual i foot flowers purple, in July\\nsouth of Europe 1640.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0082.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 69\\nBivoNiEA. [Cruciferae.] A hardy annual, growing from\\nseed in common soil.\\nB. hitea (yellow) hardy annual 6 inches flowers yellow, in\\nJuly Italy; 1824.\\nBlephilia. [Labiatae.] A family of herbaceous peren-\\nnials, allied to Monarda. Propagated by seeds and divis-\\nion. Common soil.\\nB. ciliata (hair-fringed) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers red,\\nin July North America. B. hirsuta (hairy) hardy perennial\\n3 feet flowers purple, in August North America; 1798.\\nBlitum. Strawberry Blite. [Chenopodiaceae.] Hardy\\nannuals, with fruit resembling Strawberries. Common soil.\\nPropagated by seeds sown in May where the plants are to\\ngrow.\\nB. capitatiwi (headed) hardy annual 2 feet fruit red, in\\nJuly; Austria; 1633. B. virgattmt {twiggy); hardy annual; 2\\nfeet fruit red, in July south of Europe i68o.\\nBloodroot. See Sanguinaria.\\nBlue Bell. Campanula Rotundifolia.\\nBlue Bottle. Centauria Cyanus.\\nBlumenbachia. [Loasacese.] Hardy annuals, grown\\nfrom seed sown in May in rich loam.\\nB. iiisignis (remarkable) hardy annual 9 inches flowers\\nwhite, in July Monte Video 1826. B. inultifida (many-cleft)\\nhardy annual i foot flowers greenish-red, in July Buenos\\nAyres 1826.\\nBog-Bean. See Menyanthes.\\nBuck-Bean. See Menyanthes.\\nBoLTONEA. [Compositae.] Hardy herbaceous perennials,\\nwith pinkish flowers in September. Common garden soil.\\nPropagated by division. The species are B. astervides and\\nglastifoUay natives of North America, introduced in 1758.\\nBorago. Borage. [Boraginaceae.] Hardy annuals,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0083.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "70 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nbiennials, and perennials. The common Borage, a gay an-\\nnual, is one of the best flowers to sow in the neighborhood\\nof bees for it is said they derive more nourishment from it\\nthan from any other flower that grows. Good garden soil.\\nPropagated by seeds, which may be scattered over the sur-\\nface and raked in, and the plants afterwards thinned where\\nthey are too much crowded. The perennials may be multi-\\nplied by parting the roots.\\nB. crassifolia (thick-leaved) herbaceous perennial 2 feet\\nflowers pink, in June; Persia; 1822. B. laxiflora (loose-flow-\\nered) hardy biennial, trailing flowers blue, in June Corsica\\n181 3. B. officinalis (common); hardy annual; 3 feet flowers\\nblue or white, in June England. B. Orientalis (Oriental) hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers blue, in May Turkey 1752.\\nBottle-Gourd. See Lagenaria.\\nBouvARDiA. [Cinchonacese.] Handsome small sub-\\nshrubs, mostly greenhouse plants. Some of the species pro-\\nduce a profusion of scarlet blossoms, when planted out for\\nthe summer, in a bed of good peaty earth in the flower-gar-\\nden. Of this habit are B. triphylla and a variety of it\\ncalled splendens. The other greenhouse kinds require sim-\\nilar treatment the stove species are not of much import-\\nance. The roots must be taken up in autumn, and potted\\nand kept rather dry in a greenhouse, and in spring excited\\nin a dung-frame, and hardened off afterwards to plant out as\\nsoon as danger from frost is past. These kinds are best\\npropagated by pieces of the thicker roots, an inch or two\\nlong, set round against the side of a pot, just covered with\\nsoil, and the pots plunged in a dung-frame. When they\\nbegin to grow up, they should be potted separately; they\\ngrow well in a compost of turfy peat and loam.\\nB. Cavanillesii (Cavanille s) greenhouse sub-shrub 3 feet\\nflowers scarlet, in May; Mexico; 1846. B. fiava (yellow);", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0084.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. /I\\ngreenhouse sub-shrub 3 feet flowers yellow, in July Mexico\\n1845. Isicintha (smooth-flowered); greenhouse sub-shrub;\\n3 feet; flowers deep scarlet, in June; Mexico; 1850. B. tri-\\npJiylla (three-leaved) greenhouse sub-shrub 2 feet flowers\\nscarlet, in June; Mexico.\\nA larger flowered and very fine variety is called splendens.\\nBox. See Buxus.\\nBox Thorn. See Lycium.\\nBrachycome. Sivan-River Daisy. [Compositse.] Pret-\\nty half-hardy annuals. Soil, rich light earth. Propagated\\nby seeds, which may be sown in heat about April, and, when\\nlarge enough, planted out in the borders or beds six inches\\napart, or they may be sown thinly out of doors in May, and\\nbe thinned out but the bloom is much later in general than\\nwhen sown in heat and planted out in May. The plants\\nare very pretty w^hen grown in pots.\\nB.iberidifolia (iberis-leaved) half-hardy annual 18 inches;\\nflowers blue, in July Swan River 1840.\\nThere is a pure white variety called alba^ and various\\nshades of blue and pink.\\nBramble. See Rubus.\\nBriza. Quaking Grass. [Graminaceae.] One of the\\nmany beautiful grasses which are so ornamental in the\\nflower-garden, bearing roundish, drooping, chaffy-like clus-\\nters of flowers. Hardy annuals. The seeds may be sown\\nin common soil in May.\\nB. 7naxi7na (largest) hardy annual grass 18 inches flowers\\nin June south of Europe 1633. B. rubra (red) hardy annual\\ngrass; i foot; flowers in June; south of Europe 1820. B.\\nvirens hardy annual grass 18 inches flowers in July Spain.\\nBroussonetia. Paper Mulberry. [Moraceae.] Hardy\\ntrees, resembling Mulberry. Propagated by cuttings, suck-\\ners, and seeds.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0085.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "72 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nB. papyi ifera (paper-bearing) hardy tree 20 feet flowers\\npurplish, in June; Japan; 1751. Of this there are varieties,\\ncuaillccta^ dissecfa, fnictu-albo, macrophylla, and variegata.\\nThis species is hardy as far north as Massachusetts. B. spatti-\\nlata (spatulate) tree 12 feet Japan 1824.\\nBrowallia. [Scrophulariaceae.] Pretty half-hardy an-\\nnuals or shrubs. The annuals grow in light rich soil, and\\nare increased by seeds sown in March in a hot-bed, as\\nother tender annuals. The shrubs grow in peat and loam,\\nin equal proportions, and are propagated by cuttings, placed\\nin a gentle heat.\\nB. demissa (low) half-hardy annual i foot flowers blue, in\\nJuly South America 1735. There is a white variety. B. elata\\n(tall) half-hardy annual 2 feet flowers blue, in July Peru\\n1768. There is a white variety. B.gra7idi/Iora([-2irgQ.-fio^trQd);\\nhalf-hardy annual 2 feet flowers light yellow, in June Peru\\n1829. B. yamesoni (Jameson s) greenhouse sub-shrub, 3 feet\\nflowers orange, in July New Grenada 1 846. B. speciosa\\n(showy); tender annual; 18 inches; flowers purple, in July;\\nQuindiu 1846.\\nBryanthus. [Ericaceae.] Small evergreen shrubs now\\nunited to Menziesia, growing in sandy peat, and increased\\nby cuttings in sand under a bell glass and kept cool. The\\nplants must be kept from heat and drought.\\nB. erectus (erect) hardy evergreen i foot flowers blush, in\\nJune a garden hybrid. B. G77ielinij hardy evergreen trailer;.\\n6 inches flowers red, in June Kamtschatka. B. Stellerij hardy\\nevergreen trailer 6 inches flowers pale red, in June North-\\nwest America.\\nBrugmansia. See Datura.\\nBuckthorn. See Rhamnus.\\nBugle. See Ajuga.\\nBuGLOss. See Anchusa.\\nBuLBOCODiUM. [Melanthaceae.J Beautiful dwarf hardy", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0086.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 73\\ncrocus-like bulbous plants. Soil, sandy loam. Increased\\nby offsets.\\nB. vernum (spring) hardy bulb 3 inches flowers purple, in\\nMay; Spain; 1629. B. versicolor (various-colored); hardy\\nbulb 3 inches flowers lilac and yellow, in September Russia\\n1820.\\nBuPLEARUM. Hare s Ear. [Umbelliferae.] A genus\\nconsisting of about a dozen hardy annuals, as many hardy\\nperennials, and four greenhouse evergreens, growing in\\nsandy loam, and propagated by seeds, divisions, or cuttings.\\nThey are not very ornamental or desirable. The general\\ncolor of the flowers is green and yellow.\\nBuPTHALMUM. Ox-eye. [Compositae.] Shrubby and\\nherbaceous plants, the former increasing by cuttings, the\\nlatter by division or by seeds, and all growing in a soil of\\nequal parts sandy loam and leaf-mould.\\nB. grandijlorum (large-flowered) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers yellow, in August; Austria; 1722. B. maritvnuni\\n(sea) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers yellow, all sum-\\nmer Sicily; 1640. B. salicifolium (willow-leaved); hardy per-\\nennial 18 inches; flowers yellow, in August; Austria; 1722.\\nB. speciosissi77mm (most showy) hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in J-uly south of Europe 1826.\\nWinter protection is necessary in the Northern States.\\nBurnet. See Sanguisorba.\\nBurning Bush. See Euonymus.\\nButcher s Broom. See Ruscus.\\nBuTOMUS. [Butomaceae.] Perennial aquatics, veiy orna-\\nmental on the margin of ponds or streams. Planted in\\nrich mud, they soon establish themselves and increase\\nrapidly. They require winter protection in the Northern\\nStates.\\nB. latifolms (broad-leaved) i foot flowers white, in July", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0087.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "74 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nNepaul 1823. B. iwibcUatus {}xrvh\u00e2\u0082\u00aci\\\\Q.K^ 3 feet flowers pink,\\nin August England.\\nBuxus. Box- Tree. [Euphorbiaceas.] A family of orna-\\nmental evergreen shrubs and trees, some hardy, others\\nrequiring greenhouse protection. Propagated by seed, cut-\\ntings, and layers the small variety used for edging, by\\ndivision. B se77iperuirens and its varieties are hardy as far\\nnorth as Massachusetts, though often browned by the win-\\nter s sun.\\nB. Aiistralis (southern); 6 feet; New Holland; 1820. B.\\nBalearica (Balearic) 8 feet flowers yellow, green, in July\\nMinorca; 1780. B. Chinensis (Chinese); 3 feet; flowers yel-\\nlow, green, in July; China; 1802. B. sempervirens (common\\nevergreen) 8 feet flowers yellow, green, in May England.\\nB. seifipervirens angustifolia (narrow-leaved) 8 feet flowers\\nyellow, green, in May. B. senipervirens arborescens (tree-like)\\n30 feet flowers yellow, green, in May Britain. B. seinpervi-\\nreiis argentea (silver-variegated) 30 feet flowers yellow, green,\\nin May Britain. B. seuipervireiis aiirea (golden-variegated)\\n30 feet flowers yellow, green, in May Britain. B. seiiipervi-\\nrens marginata (yellow-edged) 30 feet flowers yellow, green,\\nin May Britain. B. sempervirens viyrtifolia (myrtle-leaved)\\n8 feet flowers yellow, green, in May Britain, B. sempervirens\\nsuffritticosa (sub-shrubby) i foot flowers yellow, green. B.\\nsempervirens variegata (variegated-leaved) 30 feet flowers\\nyellow, green, in May Britain.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0088.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "CACALIA. [Compositae.] This genus consists partly\\nof curious succulent plants (sometimes called Kleinia)^\\nand partly of herbaceous plants, among which are two pretty\\nhardy annuals (sometimes called Emilia). The former are\\nbut seldom grown in this country, though very pretty little\\nplants the latter, commonly called Tassel Flowers, are\\nvery popular garden flowers, and are propagated by seeds,\\nwhich may be sown in the open borders in May, and the\\nplants come into bloom during summer.\\nC. Alpina (Alpine); hardy herbaceous perennial; 2 feet;\\nflowers purple, in July Austria 1 739. C. cocciiiea (scarlet)\\nhardy annual 18 inches flowers orange, in July South Ameri-\\nca 1799. C. cocciiiea aicrea; flowers buff -orange garden hybrid.\\nCcELESTiNA. [Compositae.] Pretty half-hardy plants,\\nsuitable for bedding, forming fine dense plants in rich loamy\\nsoil, requiring greenhouse protection in winter. Propagated\\nby seeds and cuttings.\\nC. agerdtoides (ageratum-like) i foot flowers blue, in Au-\\ngust New Spain 1824 called also Ageratiim ccelestiTiiun.\\nC. coemlea (sky-blue) i foot flowers blue, in July North\\nAmerica; 1732 called also Etipatoriiim coelestiimin. C. mi-\\ncrantha (small-flowered) 18 inches flowers blue, in July\\nSouth America 1800.\\nCajophora. [Loasacese.] Pretty biennial twining plants,\\nwhich have been separated from Loasa. To be had in per-\\nfection, they should be sown in June or July, and kept\\nthrough the winter in an airy greenhouse, and then planted\\n75", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0091.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "^6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nout in May, to cover trellis-work, or trained around stakes in\\nlarge pots, if that be preferred. They are readily increased\\nby seed. Like the Loasas, they have stinging hairs. They\\nusually bloom throughout the summer, or, if raised as above\\ndirected, they will also be in blossom through the spring\\nmonths.\\nC. Herbertii (Herbert s) greenhouse climbing biennial 6\\nfeet flowers orange-red, in June a garden hybrid. C. lateritia\\n(brick-colored) greenhouse climbing biennial lo feet flowers\\nbrick-red, in May Tucuman 1836. C. Peiitlandica (Pent-\\nland s) climbing biennial 10 feet flowers orange, in summer\\nPeru 1841.\\nCalais. [Compositae.] A hardy annual, growing in\\ncommon garden soil. Propagated by seeds.\\nC. Lindleyi (Lindley s) hardy annual flowers yellow, in\\nJuly; North America 1833.\\nCalamintha. Calamint. [Labiaceae.] Pretty herba-\\nceous perennials. Common soil. Propagated by division.\\nC. alba (white) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in\\nJuly Hungary 1818. C. Caroliniana (Carolinian) hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers flesh-color, in July Carolina 1804. C.\\ngrandiflora (large-flowered) hardy perennial i foot flowers,\\nreddish-lilac, in July Italy 1596. Of this there is a variegated\\nleaved variety. C. sylvatica (wood) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers pale rose, in August England.\\nCalampelis. [Bignoniaceas.] Beautiful half-hardy climb-\\ners, well suited for arbors or trellises in summer. The blos-\\nsoms are tubular, orange-colored, in loose panicles and very\\nshowy the seed-pod is ornamental. Light loamy soil.\\nPropagated by seeds and cuttings. Requires greenhouse\\nin winter. The plant is often called Eccremocarpus.\\nC. scabra (rough); half-hardy climbing perennial; 15 feet;\\nflowers orange, all summer; Chili 1834.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0092.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 7/\\nCalandrina. [Portulacea J A family of herbaceous\\nplants which do well treated as annuals. They should be\\nstarted early from, seed in a moderate hot-bed, and planted\\nout in a dry hot situation after the weather has become set-\\ntled. If sown in August, and wmtered in a .greenhouse,\\nthey flower finely in the border the foUowmg summer.\\nThey need a sunny exposure, as the flowers only expand in\\nthe sun.\\nC. discolor (two-colored) 2 feet flowers rosy purple, in July\\nChili; 1854. C. gra7tdifiora (large-flowered); 2 feet; flowers\\nrose purple, in July Chili 1826. C. practtmbens {^xoc\\\\XTC[^t.xi C)\\n3 inches flowers rose purple, in July Peru 1827. C. speciosa\\n(showy) 3 inches flowers rose, in July California 1831. C.\\nU77ibellafa (umbelled) 6 inches flowers rose -purple, in July;\\nPeru; 1826.\\nThere are other species some of which are stove plants.\\nCalceolaria. Shrubs and herbaceous plants, properly\\ngreenhouse plants, but doing well in the border in summer.\\nThe shrubby varieties are far superior to the herbaceous,\\nand are very useful for summer decoration. Calceolarias\\nare, strictly speaking, greenhouse plants, and will bear no\\nfrost. They are generally kept, until they are rising for\\nbloom, in pits, where frost can be kept out by mats or other\\ncoverings for any thing short of frost will not hurt them.\\nThey are propagated by cuttings of the side-shoots, which\\nroot freely if planted in light sandy peat, about October but\\nthey do not root freely if planted in spring or summer.\\nSeeds may be sown in pans, or wide-mouthed pots, in Au-\\ngust, and the seedlings potted off, six or eight in a pot, when\\nlarge enough and after this, when they have got forward\\nenough, put singly in small pots, to be changed from time to\\ntime for larger these bloom early the following year. Later\\nblooming plants may be had by sowing in spring. The", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0093.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "78 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nStems require no support, unless the plants are to be carried\\nout, in which case they require a stake to every stem. The\\nsoil should be light rich loam, well drained. C. integrifolia,\\nand its varieties angustifolia and viscosissima, are brilliant\\nflower-garden dwarf shrubby plants, bearing large masses of\\nyellow blossoms from May throughout the summer. The\\nflorist s varieties are very numerous, and are constantly un-\\ndergoing change and improvement.\\nC. alba (white) greenhouse evergreen sub-shrub 2 feet\\nflowers white, in June; Chih 1844. C. ajjiplexicaidis (stem-\\nclasping) greenhouse perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJune; Peru; 1845. C. aracJmoidea (cobwebbed) greenhouse\\nperennial i foot flowers purple, in June Chih 1827. C.\\nbicolor (two-colored) greenhouse evergreen sub-shrub 2 feet\\nflowers yellow, in August Peru 1829. C. coiymbosa (corymb-\\nflowered) greenhouse perennial; 18 inches flowers yellow, in\\nMay Chili 1822. C. creiiatiflora (crenate) greenhouse per-\\nennial 18 inches; flowers yellow-spotted, in June; Chili;\\n1 83 1. C. integrifolia (entire-leaved) greenhouse or half-hardy\\nevergreen shrub 18 inches flowers deep yellow, all summer\\nChili 1822. The variety aiigustifolia has pale flowers viscos-\\nsisswia is much deeper colored. C. piniiata (pinnate) half-\\nhardy annual; 2 feet; flowers yellow, in July; Peru; 1773.\\nC. ptirpiirea (purple) greenhouse perennial i foot flowers\\npurple, in July; Chih; 1827. C. thyrsiflora (thyrse-flowered) 5\\ngreenhouse evergreen shrub 18 inches flowers yellow, in\\nJuly; Chili; 1827. C.violaceoe (violet); greenhouse evergreen\\nsub-shrub 2 feet flowers violet, in June Chili 1852.\\nThe shrubby varieties General Outram, Queen of Oude,\\nKentish Hero, Etna, Little Dorrit, Prince of Orange, Prin-\\ncess Helena, Rubens, General Havelock, Nobey, Ambas-\\nsador, Beauty of Montreal, Queen, and Victor Emmanuel,\\ndo well as bedding plants.\\nCalendula. Mai-igold. [Compositae.] Showy hardy or\\nhalf-hardy annuals and greenhouse shrubs. The hardy an-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0094.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 79\\nnual species succeed in common garden soil, and are read\\nily ncreased by seeds, which should be sown in May. The\\nhalf-hardy sorts should be reared on a slight hot-bed in\\nApril, and planted out in May. The common Marigold is\\nvery brilliant.\\nC. hybrida (hybrid) great Cape Marigold half-hardy annual\\nI foot flowers white and brown, in July Cape 1752. C. im-\\ndicaulis (naked-stalked) hardy annual i foot flowers white\\nand purple, in July Cape 1731. C. officinalis (officinal)\\ncommon Marigold hardy annual i foot flowers deep orange,\\nin June south of Europe 1751. C, officinalis flore-pleno j a\\ndouble-flowered variety. C. pluvialis (rainy) small Cape Mar-\\nigold half-hardy annual i foot flowers white, in July Cape\\n1693.\\nCallichroa. [Compositse.] A pretty dwarf hardy an-\\nnual. It grows in common garden soil, and is increased by\\nseeds, which should be sown in May.\\nC. platyglossa (broad-rayed) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nyellow, in July California 1835.\\nCalliopsis. [Compositae.] Extremely showy hardy an-\\nnuals, also known as Coreopsis. They may be sown in gen-\\ntle heat to forward them, pricked out five or six in a pot,\\nand kept growing in the house until the middle of May,\\nwhen the balls of earth may be turned out whole, the plants\\nbeing undisturbed. But it is better to sow in the open\\nborder. When sown thus, it must be in May, and these will\\ncome into flower in July, a month after those turned out of\\npots in a forward state. This flower ought, of course, to be\\nplanted behind shorter things, about even with Sweet Peas,\\nbranching Larkspurs, and things of similar growth. It does\\nnot make a bad appearance m.ixed with branching Larkspurs\\non large borders for both show only their flowers, the\\nstems of neither being large enough to interfere with their", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0095.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "80 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nabundant bloom, and the beautiful blue of the one contrast-\\ning well with the orange-yellow black-eyed flowers of the\\nother. C. Drummoiidii is dwarfer, but equally beautiful.\\nC. bicolor (two-colored) hardy annual 2\\\\ feet flowers or-\\nange and black, in July; Arkansas; 1822. Of this, formerly\\ncalled Coreopsis ii7tctoria, there are several varieties. C. Drwn-\\nmotidii (Drummond s) hardy annual 2 feet flowers yellow\\nand brown, in July Texas 1834.\\nThere are many new varieties among which we may men-\\ntion C. Atki?zsonia, yellow and crimson cardiminifolia hy-\\nIrrida^ bright yellow coj onata, crimson and yellow Btir-\\n7 idgii^ crimson golden edge.\\nCallirhoe. [Malvaceae.] A fine tribe of hardy annuals,\\nflourishing in garden soil, and raised from seed sown in May.\\nC. involucrataj hardy annual i foot flowers rosy-crimson,\\nall summer North America. C.pedataj hardy annual 2 feet\\nflowers purple, with white eye, all summer North America\\nvariety nana, a dwarf variety. C. verticillata j hardy annual\\n6 inches flowers purple, with white eye North America,\\nCallistephus or Callistemma. China Aster. [Com-\\npositse.] Callistemma hortense is a favorite annual. The\\nGerman varieties, with flowers single, semi-double, or dou-\\nble, self-colored, red, pink, dark and light purple, or striped\\nin all ways, form a varied and striking feature towards the\\nend of the summer wherever they are introduced. To have\\nthem in perfection, plant them in half well-decomposed dung\\nand half loam, or add plenty of manure to the soil of the\\ngarden. Sow them in a hot-bed in March or April plant\\nthem out in May. If planted in beds, in which way they\\nare very effective, let the bed be supplied with a good\\ndressing of dung, and plant them a foot apart every way\\nkeep them clear of weeds, and, in dry sultry weather, let them\\nhave plenty of water. They will bloom much better treated", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0096.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 8l\\nin this way though when planted about the borders, wher-\\never there happens to be room, they add greatly to the\\nbeauty of the garden, because their colors are so varied.\\nThe best flowers should be marked for seeding.\\nC. Chiiiensis (Chinese) hardy annual i foot flowers in\\nJuly China 1731.\\nThere are varieties of various colors, as well as double\\nand quilled flowers.\\nCalluna. Heather. [Ericaceae.] Pretty dwarf hardy ever-\\ngreen shrubs. Soil, peat. Increased by layers or by seeds.\\nC. vulgaris (common) hardy evergreen shrub i foot flow-\\ners flesh-color, in April England.\\nThis plant has lately been, found growing wild in Tewks-\\nbur}^, Mass., with every indication of its being indigenous to\\nthis continent. The question has provoked, much argument,\\nand is of great interest to botanists. See Silliman s Jour-\\nnal, and Journal of Boston Society of Natural History,\\npassim also Proceedings of Massachusetts Horticultural\\nSociety for 186 1.\\nThe varieties bearing double or white or red or scarlet\\nflowers, or that with variegated leaves, are ver) pretty plants\\nfor the American or peat border.\\nCalophaca. [Leguminosse.] A hardy deciduous shrub,\\nvery ornamental, grafted standard high on the Laburnum.\\nCommon light loam. Propagated by seeds or cuttings un-\\nder a bell glass.\\nC. Wolgarica (Wolga) hardy shrub 2 feet flowers yellow,\\nin June Siberia 1780.\\nCalophanes. [Acanthaceae.] Half-hardy perennial, grow-\\ning in sandy loam and peat. Propagated by division.\\nC. obloiigifolia (oblong-leaved) tender perennial i foot\\nflowers blue, in August CaroHna 1832.\\nThe plant requires winter protection.\\n6", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0097.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "S2 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nCalopogon. [Orchidaceae.] A fine native orchid, but\\nof difficult culture. Soil, moist peat and sand.\\nC. ptddiellum (pretty) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\npurple, in July North America 1771.\\nCaltha. Marsh-?nangoId. [Ranunculaceae.] Hardy per-\\nennial water-plants, of easy culture, propagated by dividing\\nthe roots. They are suited for planting on the margin of a\\npiece of water, where their bright-colored blossoms are very\\nshowy. The most ornamental is the double-flowered variety\\nof our wild species (C. pahistris flore-pleno.) Though grow-\\ning best in the immediate vicinity of water, and most appro-\\npriate for rough scenery, they do very well in other situa-\\ntions, if the soil is damp and the variety above named is\\nsufficiently showy to make it worth introducing among hardy\\nperennials in a mixed bo-rder.\\nC. natans (floating) hardy aquatic, floating flowers yellow,\\nin May; Siberia; 18 16. C. pahistris fiore-plenoj hardy peren-\\nnial 18 inches flowers golden, in May a garden variety.\\nC. pantassicE folia (parnassia-leaved) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers yellow, in May North America 1815.\\nThere are ten other species.\\nCalycanthus. Allspice. [Calycanthaceae.] Hardy de-\\nciduous shrubs, remarkable for the fragrant spice-like odor\\nof their brownish blossoms. Moist, light, loamy garden\\nsoil. Increased by layers.\\nC. floridusj hardy shrub 6 feet flowers brown, in June\\nCarolina; 1726.\\nThere are several varieties of this species. Tlie other\\nspecies are C. fertilis, glaucus, Icevigatus, maavphyllus, ob-\\nlongifoliiis, occidentalism and Fermsy/vanicus, all with fragrant\\nbrownish-purple flowers.\\nCalypso. [Orchidaceae.] A beautiful and very rare na-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0098.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 83\\ntive orchid, growing in rich sandy peat, in a moist cool\\nexposure.\\nC. borealis (northern) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nrose and brown, in May North America 1820.\\nCalystegia. [Convolvulaceae.] Convolvulus-like twin-\\ning or trailing perennial plants, hardy or mostly so. Their\\nculture is extremely simple a fragment of the perennial\\nroot merely requires to be placed in the ground, and it will\\nsoon establish itself, and, if not checked, spread, and be-\\ncome a troublesome weed. Sandy loam is most congenial\\nto them. C. Soldanella should be occasionally watered with\\nsalt water.\\nC. Catesbiajta (Catesby s) flowers rose, in July Carolina\\n1816. C. DaJmrica (Dahurian) hardy climbing perennial;\\n18 inches flowers pink, in July Dahuria 1823. C. piibescens\\n(pubescent) hardy climbing perennial 6 feet flowers pink,\\ndouble and single, in July; China; 1844. C. sepiiun (great\\nhedge) hardy climbing perennial 6 feet flowers white or rose-\\ncolor, in June England. C. Soldanella (Soldanella) hardy\\ntrailing perennial i foot flowers flesh-color, in June England.\\nC spithamcBa hardy climbing perennial i foot flowers white,\\nin July; North America; 1796. C. sylvestris (wood); flowers\\nwhite, in July Hungary 1815. C. touientosa (woolly); flowers\\npinkish- white, in June North America 1818.\\nCampanula, [Campanulace^.] Very handsome plants,\\ncomprising annuals, biennials, and perennials, mostly hardy,\\nwith a few greenhouse species. The annuals should be\\nsown in the open border in May, the seed being slightly\\ncovered on account of its small size. The perennial hardy\\nkinds are increased by seeds or division, and require no\\npeculiar treatment. The biennials are sown in May and\\nJune for blooming the following year. Good garden soil\\nsuits them all, but it should be rather rich for the Canter-\\nbury-bell. The Chimney Campanula is undoubtedly one", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0099.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "84 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nof the best for pot culture, and requires the protection of a\\nframe or greenhouse. The compost for it should be loam\\nfrom rotted turfs one-half, dung from a spent hot-bed one-\\nfourth, and turfy peat one-fourth, well mixed together. Se-\\nlect a small healthy plant, place it in a four-inch pot, and\\ngrow it in a frame if it should throw up a stem for bloom,\\ntake off the top at once and when the pot is full of roots,\\nchange it for a six-inch pot, using the same kind of compost.\\nThus continue to grow it, changing the pot for a larger as\\nfast as the roots fill up the one it is in. The second season\\nit may bloom but continue the changing into larger pots,\\nand, when it is three years old, it will produce many spikes\\nof bloom, which should be spread fan-like on a trellis, and,\\nin this state, it completely covers a fireplace or a window\\nwith its numerous beautiful blue flowers. The smaller per-\\nennials make beautiful rock-plants.\\nC. atirea (golden) greenhouse shrub 3 feet flowers yellow,\\nin July; Madeira; 1777. C. barbata (bearded); hardy peren-\\nnial; 2 feet; flowers light or dark blue, in June Italy; 1752.\\nC. Carpatica (Carpathian) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers\\nblue or white, in June; Carpathian Alps; 1774. C. fragilis\\n(fragile) half-hardy perennial, trailing flowers pale-blue, in\\nAugust Alps of Italy 1826. C. Garganica (Garganian) half-\\nhardy perennial, trailing flowers pale-blue, in July Gargania\\n1830. C. grandis (\\\\2iXg\u00e2\u0082\u00ac)\\\\ half-hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\npurple, in August; NatoHa 1842. C. Loreyi (Lorey s) hardy\\nannual; i foot; flowers blue or white, in June; Italy; 1824.\\nC. macra7ttha (large-flowered) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\npurple, in August Russia 1822. C. mediiun (Canterbury-bell);\\nhardy biennial 3 feet flowers blue or white, single or double,\\nin June Germany 1 597. C, nitida (shinihg) hardy perennial)\\nI foot flowers blue or white, single or double, in July North\\nAmerica; 1731. C. nobilis (noble); hardy perennial; 2 feet;\\nflowers lilac-purple, in July China 1844. C.persicifolia (peach-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers dark-blue or white,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0100.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 85\\nsingle or double, in July Europe; 1596. C. pulla (russet);\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers purple, in June Austria\\n1779. C. piwiila (dwarf) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nblue or white, in June Switzerland introduction uncertain.\\nC. pyramidalis (chimney) perennial 4 feet flowers blue or\\nwhite, in August Carniolia 1594. C. sylvaticu (wood) hardy\\nannual i foot flowers blue, in June Nepaul 1840. C. thyr-\\nsoidea (thyrse-flowered) hardy biennial 2 feet flowers blue,\\nin June Switzerland; 1785. C. Fz^ a:/2V (Capt. Vidal s) green-\\nhouse or half-hardy shrub 3 feet flowers white, in August\\nAzores 1851.\\nThere are more than one hundred and fifty species and\\nvarieties, all worthy of garden culture.\\nCanary-Bird Flower. See TROPiEOLUM.\\nCandleberry Myrtle. See Myrica.\\nCandytuft. See Iberis.\\nCanterbury Bells. See Campanula.\\nCanna. Indian Shot. [Marantacese.] Stove perennial\\nherbs, of considerable stature. The seeds are as large as\\nsweet peas, and as hard as flint. Stove or hot-bed heat is\\nrequired to bring up the plants, which are tall, reed-like, with\\nshowy scarlet or yellow flowers. They grow well in loam\\nand dung, and require large pots to grow them successfully.\\nIn April fill some well-drained pots with soil, and sow in\\nthem a couple of seeds, not more than half an inch deep.\\nPlace these pots in a hot-bed, and in a few days the plants\\nwill shoot up. Let them have water enough to keep them\\nmoist, and, as they grow, destroy the weakest plant, shifting\\nthe others by removing the balls whole into larger pots and\\nhaving kept them in the hot-bed a day or two to establish\\nthem, remove them to the stove, or, if you have not a sto\\\\ e,\\nto the greenhouse, and plant in the open border about the\\nlast of May. They perfect their seed in this countr)\\\\ All\\nthe species flower well in warm situations, planted out in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0101.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "S6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nthe flower-border, and are very effective both in fohage and\\nblossom. For this purpose the plants are turned out about\\nthe middle of May. When once reared, the plants may be\\nperpetuated by division.\\nC. Achiras (Achiras) 5 feet flowers dark-red, in August\\nIsle of Mendoza 1829. C. angustifolia (narrow-leaved); feet;\\nflowers scarlet, in July South America 1824. C. mirantiaca\\n(orange); 4 feet flowers orange, in September; Brazil; 1824.\\nC. carnea (flesh-colored) 4 feet flowers flesh-color, in Septem-\\nber Brazil 1822. C. cocciiiea (scarlet); 2 feet; flowers scarlet,\\nin September; South America; 1731. C. co7npacta (compact);\\n2 feet flowers red, in July East Indies 1820. C. crocea (saf-\\nfron-colored) 2 feet flowers red, in July 1823. C. denudata\\n(naked) 2 feet flowers scarlet, in June Brazil 1818. C. de-\\nnudata latifolia (broad-leaved) 3 feet flowers red, in July\\nBrazil 1818. C. discolor (two-colored-leaved) 10 feet flowers\\nscarlet, in September; Trinidad; 1827. C. edidis (eatable);\\n3 feet; flowers red, in September; Peru; 1820. C. esczdenta\\n(esculent); 4 feet flowers red, in September South America\\n1822. C. excelsa (lofty); 16 feet; flowers scarlet, in September;\\nBrazil 1820. C. Jiaccida (weak) 5 feet flowers red, in July\\nSouth Carohna I788. C. gigaiitea (gigantic) 5 feet; flowers\\nred and yellow, in July; south of Europe; 1809. C. glauca\\n(milky-green) 2 feet flowers yellow, in September South\\nAmerica 1730. C. glattca rubrolutea (yellow and red); 4^ feet\\nflowers yellowish-red, in August; Jamaica; 1834. C. glauca\\nriifa (reddish-brown); 2 feet; flowers brown, in July; South\\nAmerica. C. Indica (Indian) 2 feet flowers scarlet, in Sep-\\ntember India; 1570. C. inacidata (spotted); 2 feet; flowers\\nreddish-yellow, in September India. C. iridiflora (iris-flow-\\nered) 6 feet; flowers red, in September; Peru; 18 16. C,\\njimcea (rush-like) i foot; flowers red, in May; Indies 1820.\\nC. Laguneiisis (Laguna) 5 feet flowers yellow, in September;\\nLaguna 1828. C. Lafuberti (Lambert s) 4 feet flowers scar-\\nlet, in July Trinidad; 18 19. C. lanceolata (spear-leaved); 3\\nfeet; flowers red, in September; Brazil; 1825, C. lanitginosa", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0102.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 8/\\n(woolly); 6 feet; flowers deep scarlet, in July; 1823. C. lat-\\nifolia (broad-leaved) 10 feet flowers pink, in September\\nBrazil; 1820. C. limbata (bordered); 3 feet; flowers red, in\\nSeptember; Brazil; 1818. C. lutea (yellow); 2 feet; flowers\\nyellow, in September East Indies; 1829. C. Nepalensis (Ne-\\npaul) 6 feet; flowers straw-color, in August; Nepaul; 1^62. C.\\nOccidentals (Western); 3 feet; flowers reddis|f-yellow, yi June;\\nWest Indies; 1822. C. Orientalis (Eastern); 4 feet; flowers red,\\nin June East Indies 1820. C. Orientalis fiava (yellow); 4 feet\\nflowers yellow, in June East Indies 1820. C. Orientalis viacu-\\nlata (spotted) flowers scarlet and yellow, in August East\\nIndies; 1570. C. pallida (pale-flowering); 4 feet; flowers pale-\\nyellow, in June West Indies 1820. C. pallida latifolia (broad-\\nleaved) 3 feet; flowers yellow, in June; West Indies; 1820.\\nC. patens (spreading) 2 feet flowers reddish-yellow, in June\\nRio Janerio; 1778. C. pedunculata (long-flower-stalked); 6\\nfeet; flowers orange, in October; 1820. C. polymorpha (many-\\nformed) 3 feet flowers red, in September South America\\n1825. C. Reevesii (Reeve s); 5 feet; flowers yellow, in June;\\nChina; 1835. C rtcbra (red); 3 feet; flowers red, in Septem-\\nber; West Indies 1820. C. rubricaulis (red-stemmed) 3 feet;\\nflowers red, in July; 1821. C. sangninea (bloody); 4 feet;\\nflowers red, in September; South America; 1820. C. speciosa\\n(showy); 3 feet; flowers red, in August; South America; 1820.\\nC. sylvestris (wild) 5 feet; flowers scarlet, in September; South\\nAmerica; 1820. C. variabilis (variable) 3 feet; flowers red, in\\nSeptember; India; 1822. C ^^rj2 ?w/r5 2V (Warszewicz s) 3^\\nfeet; flowers scarlet, in September; Costa Rica; 1849.\\nCannabis. Hemp. [Urticaceae.] Hardy, and an annual\\nin this country. Though insignificant in its flowers, the\\nHemp is yet a stately plant when grown freely, remarkable\\nfor its fine palmate foliage. It merely requires to be sown\\nin rich garden soil, and the plants allowed to stand out sep-\\narately. In wilderness scenery it has a fine appearance.\\nC. saliva (common) hardy annual 6 feet flowers green, in\\nJune India introduction uncertain.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0103.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "88 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nCape Marigold. See Calendula.\\nCaprifolium. Honeysuckle. [Caprifoliacea.] A genus\\nof mostly deciduous, and some evergreen, climbers, generally\\nhardy, too well known to need description. Propagated by\\nseeds, cuttings, and layers. The hardy species require little\\ncare, except pruning the half-hardy are better laid down\\nand covered with earth in the winter,\\nC. dioiaim (dioecious) 6 feet flowers purple, in June North\\nAmerica; 1776. C. Doiiglasii (Douglas s); 20 feet; flowers\\norange, in July North America; 1824. C. Etnisntm (Etrus-\\ncan) 15 feet flowers orange, in May Italy. C.flaviim (yellow);\\n10 feet; flowers yellow, in May; Carolina; 1810. C. gratiim\\n(pleasant) evergreen 20 feet flowers red, in July North\\nAmerica; 1730. C. hirsutum (hairy-leaved); 20 feet; flowers\\nyellow, in May; Canada; 1822. C. longifloruin (long-flowered);\\nclimber; flowers yellow, white, in July China; 1826. C. Occi-\\ndeiitale (Western) 20 feet flowers orange, in July Fort Van-\\ncouver 1824. C. periclymeniun (woodbine); 20 feet; flowers\\nyellow, in June Britain. C. periclymemun Belgica (Dutch) 20\\nfeet flowers yellow, in June. C. periclymeimm qtiercifolmm\\n(oak-leaved) 20 feet flowers yellow, red, in June. C. pericly-\\nmemun serotimun (late-red) 20 feet flowers yellow, red, in\\nJune. C. pericly7nenuin variegatiim (variegated) 1 5 feet flow-\\ners yellow, red, in June Britain. C. seinpervirens (evergreen)\\n15 feet; flowers scarlet, in June; North America; 1656. C.\\nseinpervirens Brownii (Brown s) 20 feet flowers bright-scar-\\nlet, in May. C. sempervireits major (larger-flowered) 20 feet\\nflowers scarlet, in May. C. seinpervirens minus (less trumpet)\\n15 feet flowers scarlet, in June Carolina 1656.\\nC. brachypoda Lonicera) variegata is a very beautiful va-\\nriety, lately introduced from Japan, with fine variegated fo-\\nliage, and does well if covered with earth in winter.\\nCapsicum. [Solanace^e.] Annuals requiring a warm\\nsunny exposure. The plants should be started in a hot-bed\\nin April, and pricked out when all danger of frost is over:", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0104.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 89\\nthey need a rich soil. The shrubby species thrive in a\\nstove, and are very ornamental. The greater number will\\nripen fruit in the open air, and, from the different colors of\\nthe fruit, white, purple, blue, green, red, and yellow, are at-\\ntractive in garden or conservatory.\\nC. anmtuni (Guinea pepper) half-hardy annual i foot fruit\\nerect, usually red; India; 1548. C baccatum (bird-pepper);\\nstove shrub; 3 feet; fruit erect, red; India; 1731. C. bicolor\\n(two-colored) stove shrub 3 feet flowers white and purple\\nfruit erect, violaceous West Indies 1804. C. cerasifonne\\n(cherry-pepper) stove shrub 3 feet fruit erect, red or yellow\\nSouth America 1 739. C. cereohan (waxy) stove shrub 3 feet\\nfruit pendent, yellow; South America; 1850. C. cordifornie\\n(heart-shaped) half-hardy annual 2 feet fruit pendent, red or\\nyellow; India; 1548. C, frutescens {^x\\\\i\\\\\\\\\\\\xi^\\\\ i foot; flowers\\npale-yellow India 1656. C. 3f z/leriz (Millefs) flowers white\\nWest Indies 1824.\\nCaragana. Pea-lree. [Leguminoseae.] Pretty, hardy,\\nand chiefly low-growing shrubs the most interesting of\\nwhich are kept grafted, as standards in the nurseries, and\\nmake beautiful little pendent trees. The stock used is C.\\narborescens, which is increased by seeds. The rest may be\\nincreased by layering, and the spreading sorts are suitable\\nfor large rock gardens. Sandy, loamy soil.\\nC. arborescens (tree-like); a small deciduous tree; 15 feet\\nflowers yellow, in May; Siberia; 1752. C. var. iiiesmis (un-\\narmed); 10 feet Siberia; 1820. C. y^// 2o- 3:;^^ (Siberian pea)\\nhardy shrub; 3 feet; flowers yellow, in May; Siberia; 1789.\\nC. Chaitilagu (Chinese) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nMay China 1773. C. friitescens (shrubby) hardy shrub 6\\nfeet; flowers yellow, in May; Russia; 1752. C. jubata\\n(crested) hardy shrub 2 feet flowers white and red, in May\\nSiberia 1796. C. pygmcsa (pygmy) hardy shrub 3 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in May Siberia; 1751. C. spinosa {s^my) hardy\\nshrub 3 feet flowers yellow, in May Siberia 1755.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0105.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "90 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nCardamine. [Cruciferas.] Hardy perennials, growing\\nin common moist soil. Increased by division.\\nC. auiara (bitter) aquatic i foot flowers white, in May\\nBritain. C. asarifolia (asarum-leaved) i foot flowers white,\\nin June; Italy; 1710. C. bellidifolia (daisy-leaved); i foot;\\nflowers white, in May ScoUand. C. bellidifolia Alpina (Al-\\npine) I foot flowers white, in May Austria 1658. C. cheli-\\ndonia (celandine-leaved) i foot flowers white, in June Italy\\n1739. C. glauca (milky-green) -i foot flowers white, in June\\nCalabria; 1827. C. latifolia (broad-leaved); marsh plants; 2\\nfeet; flowers purple, in June; Spain; 17 10. C. macrophylla\\n(large-leaved) i foot; flowers purple, in May Siberia; 1824.\\nC. pratensis (meadow) marsh-plant i foot flowers purple, in\\nMay Britain, C. pratensis plena (double-flowered) marsh-\\nplant I foot; flowers purple, in May. C pratensis plena-alba\\n(double white-flowered) marsh-plant i foot flowers white, in\\nMay. C. tkalietroides {thalictvum-likQ) annual i foot flowers\\nwhite, in June Piedmont; 181 8. C. trifolia (three-leaved); 2\\nfeet; flowers white, in May; Switzerland; 1629. C. uliginosa\\n(bog) marsh-plant i foot flowers white, in May Tauria\\n1819.\\nCardinal Flower. See Lobelia.\\nCardiospermum. [Sapindacese.] A family of ornamen-\\ntal climbers, commonly known as balloon vine. They\\nneed a light warm soil and a sunny exposure, and are useful\\nfor covering arbors and trellisses. Propagated by seed\\nsown in May.\\nC. Halicacabttnt (smooth-leaved) tender-annual 5 feet flow-\\ners white, in July India 1594. The other species are C. Co-\\nrindnni 2Ci\\\\A pubescens\\nCarduus. Thistle. [Compositse.] A genus of rank-\\ngrowing plants with showy flowers. Although generally re-\\ngarded as weeds, some of the species do well in shrubbery,\\nand are not unornamental. They are annual, biennial, and\\nperennial, and are generally propagated by seed.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0106.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 9I\\nCarnation. See Dianthus.\\nCarolina Allspice. See Calycanthus.\\nCarpinus. Hornbeam. [Coi^ laceae.] A family of hard-\\nwooded ornamental trees, of rapid growth, hardy and desi-\\nrable. The European species are used for hedges. Pro-\\npagated by seed or layers. Grow in rich loamy soil.\\nC A7nericana (American); 20 feet; North America; 181 2.\\nC. betulus (common) 30 feet flowers in March Britain. C.\\nbetuhis iiicisa (cut-leaved) 1 5 feet. C. betuhis qitercifolia (oak-\\nleaved) 30 feet flowers in May Europe. C. betuhis variegaia\\n(variegated) 20 feet Britain. C. betuhis aurea-variegata (gol-\\nden-variegated-leaved) 20 feet 1845. OrientaUs (Eastern)\\n12 feet Levant 1739.\\nCarthamus. [CompositEE.] Hardy annuals. They are\\nbest sown on a gentle hot-bed in spring, and transplanted\\ninto the open borders in May. Rich garden soil.\\nC. ti?ictorius (dyer s) half-hardy annual 3 feet flowers\\norange, in July; Egypt; 1551. C. oxycantha (sharp-spined)\\nhalf-hardy annual; 2 feet Caucasus; 18 18.\\nCarya. Walmtt. [Juglandiaceae.] A family of hardy\\ndeciduous trees, too well known to need description. Pro-\\npagated by seed. The trees transplant with difficulty, hav-\\ning a long tap-root.\\nC. alba (white shag-bark hickory) 30 feet flowers in May\\n1629. C. \u00c2\u00ab;;mr^ (bitter-nut) 30 feet flowers in May; 1800.\\nC. compressa (compressed-fruited) 30 feet flowers in May\\n1730. C. laciniosa (jagged) 30 feet flowers in May. C. mi-\\ncroearpa (small-fruited) 30 feet flowers in May. C. obcordata\\n(reversed heart-shaped) 30 feet; flowers in May; 1812. C.\\nolivcEfor77iis (olive-shaped) 30 feet flowers in May. C.porcina\\n(pig-nut); 30 feet; flowers in May; 1799. C. porcma glabra\\n(smooth) flowers in May. C. sulcata (furrowed) 30 feet flow-\\ners in May 1804. C. tomentosa (woolly); 30 feet flowers in\\nMay. C. tometitosa 7naxima (greatest fruited) 60 feet flowers\\nin May.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0107.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "92 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nCassandra. See Andromeda.\\nCassia. [Leguminoseae.] A large genus, mostly stove\\nshrubs. There are, however, some annuals and perennials\\nwhich do well in the garden. Propagated by seed and\\ndivision. Good loamy soil. There are more than two\\nhundred species.\\nC. Biirmanjiii (Burman s) tender annual i foot flowers\\nyellow, in July Cape of Good Hope 1810. C. Marilandica\\n(Maryland) hardy perennial 4 feet flowers yellow and black,\\nin August North America. C. nictitans (twinkling) hardy\\nannual i foot flowers yellow, in July North America 1800.\\nC. proc2i7?ibens (lying down) hardy annual 14 inches; flowers\\nyellow, in July North America 1806.\\nCassiope. [Ericaceae.] Pretty, diminutive heathdike\\nshrubs, related to Andromeda. Peat soil a moist, cool,\\nshady situation. Propagated by cuttings or layers.\\nC. fastigiata (fastigiate) hardy evergreen shrub i foot\\nflowers white, in July; North India 1852. C. hypnoides (hyp-\\nnum-like) hardy evergreen shrub 6 inches flowers white, in\\nJune; Siberia; North America; 1798. C. lycopodioides {chjib-\\nmoss-like) hardy evergreen shrub 6 inches flowers red, in\\nJuly Siberia. C. tetragona (four-cornered) hardy evergreen\\nshrub 6 inches flowers white, in May Siberia; 1810.\\nCastanea. Chestnut. [Corylaceae.] Generally hardy\\ntrees, ornamental in foliage and flower, and valuable for\\nfruit. The Sweet Chestnut (C. vesca) and its varieties are\\ntender in the Northern States, but farther south may be-\\ncome valuable trees.\\nC. Americana (American); 50 feet; flowers white, in May;\\nAmerica. C. Chinensis (China) 50 feet flowers green, in\\nMay China. C. pumila (dwarf) 12 feet flowers green, yel-\\nlow, in July North America 1699. C. vesca (Spanish edible)\\n50 feet flowers green, in June England. C. vesca asplenifolia\\n(asplenium-leaved) 50 feet flowers green, in May Europe.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0108.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 93\\nC vesca cochleata (sjoiral) flowers green, in May. C. vesca\\ncorallina-variegata (coral- variegated) flowers green, in May\\n1846. C. vesca cucullata (hooded); flowers green, in May;\\n1846. C. vesca foliis-aureis {golden-l^diVtdi) 50 feet; flowers\\ngreen, in June. C. vesca glabra (smooth-leaved) flowers green,\\nin May. C. vesca glauca (milky green) flowers green, in June.\\nC. vesca hicida (shining-leaved); flowers green, in May; 1846.\\nC. vesca media (intermediate) 50 feet flowers green, in June\\nEurope. C. vesca Princei (Prince s) flowers green, in May\\n1846. C. vesca pumila (dwarf); flowers green, in May; 1846.\\nC. vesca variegata (variegated-leaved) flowers green, in May.\\nCastilleja. [Scrophulariace^e.] Pretty annuals and\\nperennials. Sandy peat soil. Increased by seeds, or di-\\nvision of the root.\\nC. coccinea (scarlet-bracted) hardy annual 6 inches flow-\\ners yellow, in July; North America; 1787. C. grandiflora\\n(large-flowered) half-hardy perennial 1 8 inches flowers pur-\\nple and yellow, in July; Louisiana; 181 1. C. lithospermoides\\n(gromwell-like) greenhouse perennial 2 feet flowers scarlet,\\nin August Mexico 1848. C pallida (pale) hardy perennial\\nI foot; flowers light purple; Siberia; 1782. C. septeiitrionale\\n(Northern) hardy annual 2 feet flowers white and green, in\\nAugust; Labrador; 1824.\\nCatalpa. [Bignoniaceae.] A family of hardy and tender\\ntrees, very ornamental in leaf and flower. They thrive best\\nin rich deep damp soil. Propagated by seeds, root-cuttings,\\nand cuttings.\\nC syringifolia (lilac-leaved) tree 30 feet flowers white,\\npurple, and orange, in July North America. C. Kempferii\\n(Kempfer s) hardy shrub 9 feet flowers yellowish-white, with\\ncrimson blotches, in July Japan i860.\\nCatananche. [Compositae.] Hardy perennial free-grow-\\ning plants, requiring ordinary garden soil. They are best\\npropagated by seeds, and treated as biennials.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0109.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "94 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nC. coeridea (blue) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers blue or\\nwhite, in July south of Europe 1596. Variety bicolor j white\\nand blue garden hybrid. C. lutea (yellow) hardy annual i\\nfoot flowers yellow, in July Candia 1640.\\nCatchfly. See Silene.\\nCatmint. See Nepeta.\\nCeanothus. [Rhamnaceae.] Hardy or half-hardy ever-\\ngreen and deciduous shrubs, generally worthy of cultivation\\nin the shrubbery. They are mostly of free growth and neat\\nhabit; flowers numerous and showy. Propagated either by\\ncuttings, which should be planted in sandy soil under hand-\\nglasses, or by layers, which is the readiest way of obtaining\\nstrong plants. They are not particular as to soil, but grow\\nwell in sandy loam, and, not being veiy hardy, the situation\\nought to be a well-drained one. The Californian species\\nmay be considered as hardy, in mild winters, south of Phil-\\nadelphia.\\nC. AmericaiitLs (New-Jersey tea) hardy shrub 2 feet\\nflowers white, in August North America. C. ovalis much re-\\nsembles this in flower. C. asiireiis (azure-flowered) half-hardy\\nevergreen shrub 10 feet flowers pale-blue, in August Mex-\\nico 18 1 8. C. ameatiis (wedge-leaved) half-hardy evergreen\\nshrub; 5 feet; flowers white, in April; California; 1848. C.\\ndentatus (tooth-leaved) half-hardy evergreen shrub 5 feet\\nflowers blue, in May; California; 1848. C.Jloj^ibzindits {va^iny-\\nflowered) half-hardy evergreen shrub 5 feet flowers deep\\nblue, in June California 1852. C. Lobbiaitus (Lobb s) half-\\nhardy evergreen shrub 5 feet flowers blue, in June Califor-\\nnia 1852. C. pallidus (pale-flowered); half-hardy shrub; 10\\nfeet; flowers pale-blue, in summer; North America; 1838.\\nC. papuloses (papillose) half-hardy evergreen shrub 5 feet\\nflowers violet-blue, in May California 1848. C. rigidzis {st\\\\^)\\nhalf-hardy shrub flowers blue Cahfornia 1848.\\nCedrus. Cedar. [Pinaceas.] Evergreen trees, hardy", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0110.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 95\\nsouth of Philadelphia, growing in deep sandy soil, and in-\\ncreased by seeds and cutting.\\nC. Africaftus (Mount Atlas); Mount Atlas; 1843. C. De-\\nodora (Deodar); Nepaul 1822. Varieties crassifolia, te?ttii-\\nfolia. and viridis. C. Lzdam (Mount Lebanon) Levant 1683.\\nVarieties foliis argenteis, nana, glaiica, intermedia, pendula,\\npyrainidalis, and pyraniidalis argenteis.\\nCelastrus. [Celastrinse.] Woody climbers, of which\\nonly one (C sauidejis, the Staff Tree or Roxbury Wax-\\nwork is hardy in the Northern States. It is a rampant\\nclimber, ornamental in foliage and fruit, and well worthy\\nmore notice than it receives. Soil, rich black loam. Pro-\\npagated by seeds or cuttings. There are more than thirty\\ntender species.\\nC. bullattts (blistered) 20 feet flowers white, in July Vir-\\nginia 1759. C. scandens (climbing); 15 feet; flowers yellow,\\nin June North America 1736.\\nCelosia. Cockscomb. [Amarantaceae.] The only species\\nat all cultivated is the common Cockscomb, C. cristata. All\\nthe varieties of this are popular with gardeners. The fol-\\nlowing is the English method of growing large plants.\\nThe deep crimson-colored varieties are generally the\\nmost esteemed and of these there are tall and dwarf kinds,\\nthe latter being generally preferred, the comb at its extrem-\\nities altogether or nearly touching the sides of the pot.\\nSeeds should be sown in a fresh hot-bed in spring and\\nunlike the balsam, where splendid specimens are required,\\nthey should never be turned out of the hot-bed until the\\ncombs are nearly full grown, when they may be set in the\\ngreenhouse. Two systems of culture may be adopted.\\nFirst, as soon as the plants are one inch in height, prick\\nout, and shift successively into larger pots, never allowing\\nthe plants to be pot-bound. By this method, the plants are", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0111.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "96 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nStrong before the combs appear, and you have a chance of\\nhaving many very fine, but with the risk that many others,\\nfrom their shape, will be fit only for the rubbish-heap. By\\nthe second method, the best for those with limited space,\\nthe young plants are pricked out a few inches apart into\\nshallow pans, in light, rich earth, encouraged to grow freely,\\nand then checked suddenly by keeping them cooler, and\\nwithholding water, which will cause them to show their\\ncombs in a few days. Though small, you can easily observe\\nthose which are close and well shaped from those which will\\nbe upright and straggling. Select the best, pot them, and\\ncontinue repotting, and encourage with heat and manure-\\nwater and the strength of your culture going chiefly into\\nthe combs, these will be large, while your plants will be\\nsmall. Where extremely dwarf plants are wanted, cut off\\nyoung plants a little below the comb insert the part with\\nthe comb into a small pot, in sandy soil, in strong heat, and\\na hand-glass over. Soil, sandy loam and very rotten dung,\\nbut sweet. Temperature when growing, 60\u00c2\u00b0 to 85\u00c2\u00b0 by day;\\n60\u00c2\u00b0 at night.\\nThe variety aitr-ea is a fine plumed Indian plant with\\nshowy featheiy golden flowers. Variety coccmea, a native of\\nChina, has scarlet crimson flowers. Both, when well grown,\\nare very showy.\\nCelsia. [Scrophulariaceae.] Half-hardy biennials and\\nannuals, the former requiring frame or greenhouse protec-\\ntion in the winter. Light sandy open soil. Propagated by\\nseed.\\nC. A returns (Arcturus) half-hardy biennial 4 feet flowers\\nyellow, in August; Candia 1780. C. bcto)iiccEfolia (betony-\\nleaved) half-hardy biennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in July\\nNorth Africa 1824. C. Cretica (Cretan) half-hardy biennial 6\\nfeet flowers yellow, in July Crete 1752. C. la^iceolata (\\\\3.ncQ.-\\nleaved) half-hardy biennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in July", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0112.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 9/\\nLevant; 1816. C. OrientaHs {Y.^.s,t^Yn) hardy annual 2 feet;\\nflowers brown and yellow, in July Levant 1713.\\nCeltis. Nettle-Tree. [Ulmaceae.] Hardy ornamental\\ntrees. Propagated by seed sown as soon as ripe, and by\\ncuttings of the young shoots. Common soil.\\nC. crassifolia (thick-leaved) 20 feet flowers green, in May\\nNorth America 1812. C. Icevigata (pohshed) 20 feet flowers\\ngreen, in May Louisiana. C Occidentalis (Western) 20 feet\\nflowers green, in May; North America; 1656. C. Occidentalis\\n^^r^^/^ (heart-leaved) 20 feet; flowers green, in May; North\\nAmerica. C Occidentalis scabriicscula (roughish) 20 feet flow-\\ners green, in May North America. C. pujnila (dwarf) 6 feet\\nflowers green, in May North America 181 2.\\nCenia. [Compositae.] A family of small hardy annuals,\\npropagated by seed, and thriving in any good garden soil.\\nC. ticrbinata (turbinate) hardy annual i foot flowers white,\\nin August; Cape of Good Hope; 17 13. C. ttirbinata fonnosa\\n(beautiful) hardy annual i foot flowers yellow, in August\\nCape of Good Hope.\\nCentaurea. [Compositse.] A large family of mostly\\nhardy perennials, comprising, however, some very ornamen-\\ntal annuals, which should have a place in every garden.\\nThese may either be sown in the open border about the end\\nof April, and the plants thinned out subsequently to three\\nor four in a patch, to be left for blooming, or they may be\\nsown wdth other annuals in a seed-bed, or in pots, for\\nfacility of transplantation in the latter case being sown\\nsomewhat earlier, and coming earlier into flower. They\\nbloom from June, more or less onwards to September. The\\nvery numerous hardy perennial kinds any of which are\\nw^orth growing as common border flowers grow well in\\nthe common soil of gardens, and are increased by division.\\nC, crocodylium (crocodylium) hardy annual 3 feet flowers\\n7", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0113.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "98 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\npurple, in July,; Levant 1777. C cyanus (corn-bottle); hardy\\nannual 3 feet flowers blue, pink, or white, in July England.\\nC. depressa (depressed) hardy annual or biennial i foot flow-\\ners blue, in June Caucasus; 1818. C. vioschata (Sweet Sul-\\ntan) hardy annual 2 feet flowers purple, in August Persia\\n1629. ..C pulchella (pretty) hardy annual 2 feet flowers pur-\\nple, in June Persia 1836. C. pulchra (beautiful) hardy an-\\nnual I foot flowers blue and crimson, in June Cashmere\\n1838. C. siiaveolens (Yellow Sultan); hardy annual; 2 feet;\\nflowers yellow, in July Levant 1683.\\nCentauridium, [Compositae.] A iiiie hardy annual.\\nPropagated by seeds, and succeeding in good garden soil.\\nC Druini7tondii (Drummond s) hardy annual; 18 inches;\\nflowers orange, in August Texas.\\nCentranthus. [Valerianaceae.] Ornamental hardy\\nperennials or annuals. The perennials are best raised from\\nseeds for, having but few thick woody roots, they do not\\ndivide well, like -many other hardy perennials. The seeds\\nshould be sown in May on a bed of light, not over rich,\\nsoil, from which they may be transplanted to a nursery-bed\\nas soon as large enough to handle, and will be fit to be\\ntransplanted in the autumn into the positions in which they\\nare required to bloom tlie following year. The plants grow\\nreadily in common light garden soil. The annuals require\\nto be sown in the open border in March or April, and like\\na rather moist soil.\\nC. angustifoliiis (narrow-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers crimson, in June south of Europe 1759. C. macrosi-\\nplion (long-tubed) hardy annual 2 feet flowers crimson or\\nwhite, in July 1851. C ruber (red Valerian) hardy perennial\\n2 feet flowers crimson, rose, or white, in June England.\\nCentrocarpha. [Compositae.] Showy, hardy peren-\\nnials, requiring good light garden soil, and increased by\\nroot-division.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0114.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 99\\nC. chryso7nela (yellow and black) half-hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers yellow, in July South America 1821. C.fulgida (glow-\\ning) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in July North\\nAmerica; 1760. C. gracilis (slender); hardy perennial; 18\\ninches flowers yellow, in August; North America; 1825. C\\ngrandijlora (great-flowered) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nyellow, in July North America 1830. C. hirta (hairy) hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in July; North America; 1714.\\nCephalanthus. Button Bush. [Cinchonaceae.] A\\nhardy ornamental shrub, native of our river banks, but suc-\\nceeding in upland, and valuable for blooming at a season\\nwhen the shrubbery is bare of flowers. Propagated by\\ncuttings and layers. Damp peaty soil, or rich loam.\\nC Occideiitalis (Western) hardy shrub 5 feet flowers white,\\nin August North America. C. brachypodus (short-stalked)\\nhardy shrub flowers white, in August North America.\\nCephalotaxus. [Taxaceae.] A fine genus of yews from\\nJapan. Hardy and ter} ornamental. Propagated by cuttings.\\nC. drupacea (berry-bearing); hardy evergreen 20 feet; Japan;\\n1844. C. Fortimii (Fortune s) hardy evergreen 50 feet Japan;\\n1848. C.pedunculata{^\\\\.2Xk.^6)\\\\ hardy evergreen Japan 1837.\\nCerastium. [Caryophyllaceae.] This is a large genus,\\nof which many annuals afe of no cultural value but a few\\nof the perennials are ornamental. All are low-growing\\nplants, with whitish flowers, growing anywhere, and propa-\\ngated by division. The best are C. Alpijtum, Bieberstebiii\\nglaciate^ grandiflorum^ ianatum, Zedbourii, latifoliu7?i, purpu-\\nrascens, Scaraiii, and tomentosum.\\nCerasus. Cherry. [Rosacese.] The ornamental part\\nof this genus comprises early-flow^ering trees and shrubs,\\nall free-growing plants in good garden soil. Propagated\\nby seeds, by layers, or by budding. By some, these are all\\nincluded under Prunus.\\nOrnamental Trees, C. Padics, the Bird-cherry, a free-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0115.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "lOO GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ngrowing, deciduous, small tree, in the early spring, about May,\\ncovered with long drooping racemes of white blossoms. C.\\nsylvestris duracina fiore-pleno, the double French white. C.\\nvulgaris Jlore-pleno^ a dwarfer double-flowered tree. C. se7nper-\\nflorus (ever-flowering) a remarkably handsome drooping free-\\nflowering tree, when budded standard high. C Mahaleb (per-\\nfumed cherry).\\nAll are pretty, and desirable for neat, clean foliage seldom\\nattacked by insects, and for beauty of flowers. There are\\nabout seventy-five species and varieties, some with beauti-\\nfully variegated foliage.\\nCeratiola. [Empetrace^e.] A small family of ever-\\ngreen diminutive bushes, with heather-like foliage. Propa-\\ngated by cuttings.\\nC. ericoides (heath-hke) hardy shrub; i8 inches; flowers\\nbrown, in June North America 1826.\\nCercis. Judas-tree. [Leguminosa^.] Deciduous small\\ntrees, forming beautiful objects when in flower; the blossoms\\nbeing produced before the leaves, and appearing about the\\nsame time as those of the laburnum, the guelder-rose, the\\nhawthorn, and flowering dogwood, with which they contrast\\nadmirably. They prefer a rather rich loamy soil, and re-\\nquire a sheltered situation. The seeds are sown in the\\nspring, and produce plants which come to bloom in six or\\neight years. The young plants require protection.\\nC. Canadensis (Canadian) hardy tree 20 feet flowers pale\\nred, in May North America 1730. C. siliquastrum (common)\\nhardy tree 20 feet flowers pink or white, in May south of\\nEurope 1596.\\nCerinthe. [Boraginacese.] Hardy annuals of coarse\\nhabit, requiring to be sown in May where they are to flower,\\nand thinned out to three or four plants in a patch as soon as\\nthey grow large enough to become crowded. Common soil.\\nC. j/iajor (greater) hardy annual 3 feet flowers yellow, in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0116.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 01\\nJuly south of France 1596. C. minor (lesser) hardy annual\\n2 feet flowers yellow and purple, in July Austria 1570.\\nThe other species are C. Aipitta, aspera, maculata, and\\nreiorta.\\nCh^nostoma. [Scrophulariaceae.] The C. polyantha\\nis a very pretty plant for the decoration of the flower-garden\\nduring summer. It is half-hardy, requiring to be kept dur-\\ning winter in a greenhouse, or in a dry frame secure against\\nfrost and in summer it may be planted out in a warm sunny\\nsituation, in light, moderately rich soil. It is readily raised\\nfrom seeds in spring, and may also be increased by cuttings\\nduring summer. The flowers are small but numerous. The\\nother perennial species are to be treated similarly. The\\nannuals must be raised in heat, in April, and planted out in\\nJune.\\nC. cor data (cordate) half-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nred, in June Cape 1816. C.foetida (fetid) half-hardy annual\\n18 inches flowers white, in June Cape 1794. C. polyanthum\\n(many-flowered) half-hardy perennial 18 inches flowers rosy-\\nlilac, in June South Africa; 1844. C. viliosa {wWIoms) half-\\nhardy annual i foot flowers white, in June Cape 1783.\\nCham^cyparis. Bastard Cypress. [Pinaceae.] A small\\ngenus of evergreens, allied to Cypress, hardy, growing in\\nsandy loam. Propagated by seeds. The species are C.\\nJVootkanensis, obtusa, pisifera, sphceroides, sqtiarrosa, and thicri-\\nfera. The last is tender.\\nCham^nerium. [Lythracese.] Hardy, ornamental, her-\\nbaceous perennials, of the easiest culture in the open\\nground; formerly called Epilobium. They increase with\\nfacility by division of the root.\\nC. angustifoliiun (narrow-leaved) hardy perennial 3 feet\\nflowers rose or white, in July England. C Halleri (Haller s)\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers rose-red, in June Switzerland", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0117.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "102 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n1798. C. rosmarinifoliinn (rosemary-leaved) hardy perennial\\n18 inches flowers rose-red, in June Europe 1800.\\nCHAMiERHODES. [Rosacese.] Hardy herbaceous peren-\\nnials. Sandy loam j dry, cold situation. Increased by seeds.\\nC. grandijlortis (large-flowered) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers yellow, in June Dahuria 1828. C. polygymis (many-\\npistilled) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers yellow, in June\\nSiberia 1824.\\nCheiranthus. Wall-flower. [Cruciferae.] Half-hardy\\nperennials, of somewhat shrubby habit. C. Cheiri, the\\nwell known common Wall-flower, has produced various hand-\\nsome double-flowered varieties, of which the best are the\\nbright yellow, dark brown, and purple. The common single\\nkind bears its yellow or brownish blossoms freely in June,\\non plants raised from seeds sown in May of the previous\\nyear. The seeds should be sown in a bed of light or rather\\nsandy soil, and the plants pricked out, when large enough,\\ninto a frame, from whence they may be transplanted, with\\ncompact balls of earth about their roots, in the early part of\\nthe next May, into the places w^here they are to flower.\\nWhen the plants live over to a second year, they are larger\\nbut, in general, the one-year-old plants are preferable. The\\ndouble varieties are increased by cuttings, planted under a\\nhand-glass in sandy earth about May or June and are best\\npotted, and protected through the winter in cold frames,\\nthough sometimes established plants will survive the winter,\\nif exposed. The other species furnish beautiful dwarf\\nplants, suitable for rock-work, or small beds, or the front\\nparts of borders. They are quite hardy, and are increased\\nby cuttings. C. mutabilis is a tall, rather straggling shrub,\\nwhich has changeable purplish single flowers, and requires\\nthe protection of a frame or cool greenhouse.\\nC. Alplmis (Alpine) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers yel-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0118.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. IO3\\nlow, in May; Norway; 18 10. C. C//^z (common) hardy sub-\\nshrub 18 inches; flowers yellow or brown, in May; Europe.\\nC. Marshallii (Marshall s) hardy herbaceous perennial 9\\ninches flowers deep-orange, in June and August Scotch hy-\\nbrid. C. ntiitabilis (changeable) greenhouse sub-shrub 3 feet\\nflowers purple, changeable, in March Madeira; 1777. C. och-\\nroleiicus (pale-yellow) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers pale-\\nyellow, in May Switzerland 1822.\\nChelidonium. Celandine. [Papaveracese.] Harcly her-\\nbaceous well-known perennials, some of which are rather\\npretty, and desirable from their early flowering. Propagated\\nby seeds and division.\\nC. grandifloriun (large-flowered) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers yellow, in May Dahuria 1820. C. lacmatum (jagged)\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in May south of Eu-\\nrope. C. 7najus fiore-pleno (large-double-flowered) hardy per-\\nennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in summer Hybrid.\\nChelone. [Scrophulariaceae.] Beautiful herbaceous\\nperennials, closely allied to Pentstemon, and requiring sim-\\nilar treatment.\\nC barbata (bearded) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers scarlet,\\nin July; Mexico; 1794. Varieties carnea and major have flesh-\\ncolored and orange-striped flowers. C. glabra (smooth) hardy\\nperennial 3 feet flowers white, in August North America\\n1730. C. Lyoni (Lyon s) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers pur-\\nple, in August North America; 181 2. C. obliqna (oblique);\\nhardy perennial 3 feet flowers rose-purple, in August North\\nAmerica; 1752.\\nChenopodium. [Chenopodiaceae.] A few plants of this\\nfamily, which consists mainly of weeds, have of late been\\nintroduced into gardens for dark or elegant foliage. They\\nare generally hardy annuals. C. album and atriplicis are\\ngood species.\\nCherry. See Cerasus.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0119.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "104 GARDEN FLOWERS,\\nChili-Pepper. See Capsicum.\\nChestnut. See Castanea.\\nChimaphila. [Pyrolaceas.] Hardy herbaceous ever-\\ngreens, of difficult culture. Soil, forest-loam and sand. C.\\nmaculata is one of our finest native foliaged plants.\\nC. umbellata (umbelled) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners pinkish-white, in June; North America; 1752. C. macu-\\nlata (spotted) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers pink, in\\nJune North America 1752.\\nChimonanthus. [Calycanthaceae.] Half-hardy decidu-\\nous shrub, thriving in the Southern States, but tender in the\\nNorthern. The flowers of all the varieties are deliciously\\nfragrant, and are produced on the leafless branches in\\nwinter.\\nC. fragrans (fragrant) shrub 6 feet flowers yellow and\\nred, in December; Japan; 1766. Y2ir\\\\tiy grand ifioms (large-\\nflowered) flowers yellow 8 feet China. Variety parviflo-\\nr//j (small-flowered) 8 feet flowers pale-yellow, Japan; 1818.\\nChina Aster. See Callistephus.\\nChinese Hollyhock. See Althaea.\\nChinese Pink. See Dianthus.\\nChionanthus. Fringe-tree. [Oleaceae.] Fine hardy de-\\nciduous small trees or shrubs. Soil, peat-earth in damp\\nsituations. Propagated by seeds or layers.\\nC. maritima (marine) hardy shrub 10 feet flowers white,\\nin May; North America; 1736. C. Virginica (Virginian); hardy\\ntree 30 feet North America 1736.\\nThere is a narrow-leaved and broad-leaved variety.\\nChloris. [Gramineae.] A family of tropical ornamental\\ngrasses, thriving in common soil all half-hardy annuals.\\nThe species are C. barbata, polydactyla, Jimbriata, and ra-\\ndiata.\\nChristmas Rose. See Helleborus.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0120.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. IO5\\nChlora. [Gentianacese.] A family of hardy annuals,\\nsucceeding from seeds sown in May in the open border.\\nC. imperfoliata J flowers yellow, in June; Italy; 1823. C.\\nperfoliata; flowers yellow, in June England. C serotina\\n(late) flowers yellow, in September south of Europe 1832.\\nChrysanthemum. [Compositae.] Hardy annuals, per-\\nennials, and greenhouse shrubs. The annuals, though free-\\ngrowing plants, have a strong chamomile smell, and are\\npoor in their flowers, though often grown among collections\\nof annuals. They should be sown in patches for planting\\nout in the borders when large enough, about three in a\\nclump, at equal distances. Sown in heat, and forwarded for\\nplanting out in May, the bloom is much earlier than when\\nsown in the open air. Besides being abundant flowerers,\\nthese Chrysanthemums continue their bloom until the frost\\ncuts the plant down, and are chiefly useful in large borders\\nwhere variety is wanted. The greenhouse kinds are strag-\\ngling shrubs, with deeply jagged leaves, and flowers a good\\ndeal resembling those of Ma3^weed. The annuals are in-\\ncreased by seeds but the shrubby kinds may be renewed by\\ncuttings, which take root readily. A light loamy soil suits\\nthe latter, of which young vigorous plants should be con-\\nstantly reared. Many of the Pompon varieties are very\\ngood but as new ones are constantly introduced, the flor-\\nists latest catalogues will show the best.\\nC. Arctiaim (Arctic) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers white\\nand purple, in June Kamtschatka 1801. C. argenteian (silvery\\nleaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in July Le-\\nvant 1731. C. carinatiim (keeled) hardy annual 18 inches\\nflowers white, yellow, and purple, in June Barbary 1796. C.\\ncoronariu7}i (garland) hardy annual i\\\\ feet flowers yellow,\\nin June Sicily 1629. C. coronopifolium (buck s-horn-leaved)\\ngreenhouse shrub 2 feet flowers white, in April Madeira\\n1815. C. niontanu7n (mountain) hardy perennial 2 feet flow-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0121.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "I06 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ners white, in June France 1752. C. pinnatifidum (pinnati-\\nfid) greenhouse shrub 2 feet flowers yellow, in April Ma-\\ndeira 1777. C. Ruthenicum (Russian); hardy perennial i\\nfoot flowers pink, in June Russia 1827.\\nChryseis. See Eschscholtzia.\\nChyrsocoma. Goldy-locks. [Compositae.] A genus of\\nhardy herbaceous and greenhouse evergreen species. The\\nformer grow in common soil, and are increased by division\\ndie latter prefer light sandy loam, and are increased by cut-\\ntings. They are not very showy.\\nC. bijlora (two-flowered) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nblue, in August Siberia; 1741. C. cernua (drooping); green-\\nhouse sub-shrub 3 feet flowers white, i;i July; Cape; 171 2.\\nC. coinaurea (golden-hair) greenhouse sub-shrub 3 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in July; Cape; 1731. C. virgata {X.\\\\ i\\\\gg^)\\\\ hardy\\nperennial i foot flowers yellow, in September North Amer-\\nica 1 82 1.\\nChrysogonum. [Compositae.] A hardy herbaceous plant,\\ngrowing in common garden soil, and increased by division.\\nC. Virginiaciim (Virginian) hardy perennial i foot flow-\\ners yellow, in May North America.\\nChrysostemma. [Compositae.] Hardy herbaceous per-\\nennials, with showy flowers. Common garden soil. In-\\ncreased by division.\\nC. tripteris (three-winged) hardy perennial 6 feet flowers\\nyellow, in August North America 1837.\\nChrysurus. [Graminaceae.] A pretty annual ornamen-\\ntal grass, doing well in the flower border.\\nC. azireits (golden) hardy annual 6 inches Levant.\\nCiNQUEFOIL. See POTENTILLA.\\nCiMiciFUGA. [Ranunculaceas.] Hardy herbaceous plants,\\ngrowing readily in the border, and increased by division.\\nC. Americana (American) 2 feet flowers white and yellow,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0122.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 10/\\nin July; Carolina; 1824. C. cordifolia (heart-leaved); 3 feet;\\nflowers white and yellow, in June; North America 1812. C.\\nfcstida (fetid) 4 feet flowers light-yellow, in June Siberia\\n1777. C 2/?;2\u00c2\u00ab/rt: (palmate) 4 feet flowers white and yellow,\\nin July North America 181 2.\\nCiRC^A. Enchanter s Nightshade. [Onagraceae.] Hardy\\nherbaceous perennials. Common soil. Increased by di-\\nvision.\\nC. Alpina (Alpine) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers pink,\\nin July Britain. C. Ltitetiana (Parisian) hardy perennial i\\nfoot flowers pink, in July Britain. C. interniedia (interme-\\ndiate) I foot flowers red, in July Europe 1821.\\nCiRSiUM. [Compositae.] Hardy thistle-like biennials and\\nperennials some of them showy. Common soil. In-\\ncreased by division or the biennials by seed, from which\\nplants should be raised annually. Some few of the species,\\namong which is C. Casabojiae, one of the most ornamental\\nspecies, require protection.\\nC. Casaboiia J half-hardy biennial 2 feet flowers purple, in\\nJuly; south of Europe 17 14. C. ttiberostini ip^^xoM hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers purple, in August England.\\nThere are more than fifty other species, many of which\\nare mere weeds.\\nCladanthus. [Compositae.] A small genus, containing\\none pretty, hardy annual, which should be sown in a frame\\nin April, and transplanted to the border in May or in the\\nopen border in May.\\nC. Arabicus (Arabian) hardy annual i foot flowers yel-\\nlow, in July Barbary 1759.\\nClarkia. [Onagraceae.] Showy, free-flowering, well-\\nknown annuals, flourishing in common garden soil, not very\\nrich, as then the plants run to leaves. Propagated by seed,\\nwhich should be sown in a frame in April, and the plants", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0123.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "I08 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nset in the border in May or sown in the border in May.\\nThe plants should not be allowed to become crowded. The\\ndouble varieties are very pretty.\\nC. elegans (elegant) hardy annual 2 feet flowers rose, in\\nJune California 1822. Of this there is a double-flowered va-\\nriety. C. pulchella i^VQ^iiy) hardy annual; 18 inches flowers\\nrose or white, in June North America 1826. This latter spe-\\ncies has produced the fine varieties integripetala, petals entire\\non the margin, rosy-purple, (a double variety has rich crimson\\nflowers, and a sub-variety has the petals edged with white) p7il-\\ncherrima^ petals three-lobed, bright crimson striata, petals\\nthree-lobed, white, flaked with rose jnarghiata, petals three-\\nlobed, rosy-purple, tipped with white fiorepleno, very double,\\nwith large rosy-purple or crimson flowers.\\nClaytonia. [Portulacaceae.] Hardy annuals and tuber-\\nous-rooted perennials, not very showy. Common soil. In-\\ncreased by seeds, or by division.\\nC. Caroliniana (Carolina) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\npink, in May; North America; 1789. C. graiidiflo7-a (large-\\nflowered) hardy perennial i foot flowers pink, in May\\nNorth America 1789. C /^r/i?// 2/\u00c2\u00ab (perfoliate-leaved) hardy\\nannual 9 inches flowers white, in June North America\\n1794. C. Siberica (Siberian); hardy annual; i foot; flowers\\nred, in June Siberia; 1768. C. Virgmza/ia {Virginmn) hardy\\nperennial i foot flowers white, in May North America\\n1740.\\nThere are ten other species.\\nClematis. Virgin s-bower. [Ranunculaceae.] A large\\ngenus of climbing shmbs, some of which are very orna-\\nmental. The hardy kinds are of the simplest culture.\\nThey are raised from seeds or layers, and grow freely in\\nany moderately good ground. They are valuable for cover-\\ning walls, arbors, and trellis-work. The half-hardy kinds\\nare useful for the pillars and rafters of greenhouses and", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0124.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. IO9\\ncool conservatories. The stove species are of little impor-\\ntance. Sieboldii, ccendea^ graveolens, and Hejidersonii, are\\nworthy of being grown on a large pot trellis, and are man-\\nageable in that form. The genus contains some hardy\\nperennials, which are managed like other herbaceous per-\\nennials.\\nC. aziirea grandiflora (large-flowered azure) hardy climber\\n10 feet; flowers blue, in May, very large; China; 1852. C.\\nccBi idea (sky-blue); hardy chmbing shrub; 10 feet; flowers\\nbluish-lilac, in May; Japan; 1836. C. calycina (Minorca);\\nhalf-hardy evergreen chmbing shrub 12 feet; flowers creamy,\\nin March Minorca; 1783. C :r2jr/^ (curled-flowered) hardy\\nclimbing shrub 6 feet flowers pinkish, in August North\\nAmerica 1 726. C. erecta (upright) hardy perennial flowers\\nwhite, in June Austria 1 597. A double variety of this spe-\\ncies is said to be very fine. C. fianumda (sweet-scented)\\nhardy climbing shrub 20 feet flowers white, in July France\\n1596. C.fiorida (flowering); half-hardy climbing shrub 12 feet\\nflowers white, in June; Japan; 1776. C. florida fiore-pleno\\n(double-flowering) half-hardy climbing shrub 1 2 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June; Japan; 1776. C.fiorida Sieboldii {^\\\\^ho\\\\d^^)\\\\\\nhalf-hardy climber; 12 feet flowers white and purple, in June\\nJapan 1836. C ^^7/^^/^;/^- (heavy-smelling) half-hardy climb-\\ning shrub; 8 feet; flowers sulphur-color, in July; Tartary; 1845.\\nC. Hendersoiui (Henderson s) hardy climbing shrub 20 feet\\nflowers purple, in June gardens. C. indivisa lobata (lobed)\\ngreenhouse evergreen climbing shrub 12 feet flowers creamy\\nwhite, in May; New Zealand; 1847. C. integrifolia (entire-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue, in June Hun-\\ngary 1596. C. lanuginosa (woolly-budded); half-hardy chmb-\\ning shrub 8 feet flowers very large, blue or gray, in June\\nChina; 1850. C. lathy rifolia (lathyrus-leaved) hardy peren-\\nnial 3 feet flowers white, in June doubtful 1836. C. inon-\\ntana (mountain) hardy climbing shrub 20 feet flowers large\\nwhite, in May; Nepaul 1831. C. ochroleuca (yellowish);\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellowish-white, in June", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0125.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "no GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nNorth America 1 767. C. tiLbulosa (tubular) half-hardy per-\\nennial 6 feet flowers blue, in July North China 1845.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0z//(?r^^^ (traveller s joy); hardy climbing shrub; 12 feet; flow-\\ners purple, in August North America 1730. C. viticella\\n(vine-bower) hardy climbing shrub 20 feet flowers purple,\\nin June Spain; 1569.\\nC. Sophia^ with pale lilac and white, and Hekne, with\\ncreamy-white flowers, are fine varieties of C. patens, intro-\\nduced from Japan in 1853, and hardy if laid down in winter.\\nThere are double-flowered varieties. C. regince is a hybrid\\nbetween C. azurea graiidiflora and lafiuginosa. C. jfack-\\nmaiiii is a fine hybrid between C. viticella Hcndersonii and\\nC. lanuginosa, producing large royal-purple flowers. C.\\nrubroviolacea, a hybrid between C. viticella atroruheJis and\\nC. lanuginosa, has rich velvety violet flowers five inches in\\ndiameter. C. Fortunei, a recent acquisition from Japan, has\\nvery large white fragrant double flowers and C. Jlorida\\nStandishii, also just introduced, has deep violet-blue flowers.\\nWe cannot name a class of plants which will give more\\ngeneral satisfaction, or which is more worthy of cultivation.\\nCleome. [Capparidaceae.] This genus contains several\\ncurious and rather pretty annuals. They should be raised\\nfrom seeds in spring, in a frame, with slight warmth, potted\\noff singly, and hardened subsequently, so as to be planted\\nout in May, when they should be strong, vigorous plants.\\nThey like a dry, warm situation. One or two species are\\nstove, soft-wooded shrubs, and there are some stove annual\\nspecies but they are not suitable for general cultivation.\\nC. heptaphylla (seven-leaved) half-hardy annual 3 feet\\nflowers white, in June; Jamaica; 17 19. C. Iberica (Iberian);\\nhardy annual 6 inches; flowers white, in July; Iberia; 1820.\\nC. littea (yellow) hardy annual i foot flowers yellow, in July\\nNorth America 1840. C. speciosissima (most showy) half-\\nhardy annual 3 feet flowers purple in June Mexico 1827.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0126.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. Ill\\nC. violacea (violet) hardy annual i foot flowers purple, in\\nJuly Portugal 1776. C. virgata (twiggy) hardy annual i\\nfoot flowers white, in July Persia 1820.\\nClethra. [Ericacese.] A genus of hardy and tender\\nshrubs. The hardy species are natives of North America,\\nand are ver}^ valuable summer-flowering shrubs. They are\\neasily propagated by layers.\\nC. aaiminata (acuminate); hardy shrub; 10 feet; flowers\\nwhite, in August Carolina; 1806. C rt/;^//2?// (alder-leaved)\\nhardy shrub 4 feet flowers white, in August North Amer-\\nica 1 73 1. C. paiiiculata (panicled) hardy shrub; 4 feet;\\nflowers white, in August North America 1770. C. tojnentosa\\n(downy) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers white, in August North\\nAmerica; 1731.\\nClintonia. [Lobeliaceae.] Very pretty hardy annuals.\\nThey are slender-growing dwarf plants, hanging over the\\nedges of the pots, if gro\\\\vn in pots, but forming ver} beauti-\\nful objects on the ground, being so much covered wdth blos-\\nsoms as to hide the stems. Sow the seeds in pots in ]\\\\Iarch\\nput them in a frame, if with a little warmth, so much the\\nbetter set them in feeders of water until germinated, then\\nthin the plants so as to give them room, and keep them\\ngrowing in frames till May, when those for the borders may be\\nturned out. They w ill very soon flower, and have a ver}\\npretty appearance. To provide a succession, some should\\nbe sown in the borders about May these will flower when\\nthose of the first sowing leave off. ]\\\\Iany annuals may thus\\nbe managed, so as to keep up a succession of bloom during\\nseveral months, by sowing at different seasons. C. pulchella^\\nthe best of the two species, is a much more interesting ob-\\nject for pot-culture than nine-tenths of the plants grown in\\npots. Peaty soil, or a light mixture of leaf-mould, loam,\\nand sand, is the proper soil for them.\\nC. elegans (elegant) half-hardy annual 6 inches flowers", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0127.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "112 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nblue, in June; Colombia; 1827. C. pulchella {pretty) half-\\nhardy annual 6 inches flowers blue, white, and yellow, in\\nJune; Colombia; 1831.\\nCleiococca. [Linaceae.] Half-hardy perennial, allied to\\nLinum. Propagated by seeds and division. Light loam\\nand peat.\\nC. tenuifolia (slender-leaved) 3 inches flowers purple, in\\nJuly; Australia; 1837.\\nClover. See Trifolium.\\nClove-Pink. See Dianthus.\\nCoBiEA. [Polemoniaceae.] Greenhouse or half-hardy\\nrapid-growing climbers, covering a large space during the\\nsummer season with their herbaceous stems, which, in a\\ngreenhouse or conservatory, retain their foliage, and continue\\nto blossom through the winter. They are very useful as well\\nas ornamental out doors during the summer season but in\\nsuch situations are killed by the first frost. When grown in\\na greenhouse, they generally ripen plenty of seeds, by which\\nthey are best propagated though they may be increased by\\ncuttings. They require a rich loamy soil.\\nC. macrostemma (long-stamened) greenhouse climbing per-\\nennial 20 feet flowers yellowish-green, in September Guaya-\\nquil 1839. scandens (climbing); greenhouse cHmbing per-\\nennial 20 feet flowers purple, in July Mexico 1792. C. sti-\\npiilaris (stipuled) greenhouse climbing perennial 20 feet\\nflowers yellow, in August Mexico 1839.\\nCockscomb. See Celosia.\\nCocKSPUR Thorn. See Crataegus.\\nCgelestina. [Compositae.] A small family, of which\\nC, ageratoides, formerly Agerahi??i coelcstimim, is the best.\\nThey require a greenhouse or frame in winter, and bloom\\nwell in the border in summer. The species are C. agera-\\ntoides and coenilea.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0128.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. II3\\nCoix. [Gramineae.] Perennial grasses, doing well in\\nthe open border in summer.\\nC. arundinacea (reedy) 2 feet apetalous, July* Mexico\\n1818. C. lachryma (tears) 2 feet apetalous, July East In-\\ndies 1596.\\nCoLCHicuM. [Melanthace^e.] Hardy bulbs, with crocus-\\nlike flowers in October, commonly called Autumn Crocuses.\\nThe leaf appears and the plant ripens its seed the following\\nspring. Increased by offsets or seeds, which should be\\nsown as soon as they are ripe. Replanting, which is not\\noften necessary, should be done in July, when the bulbs are\\nat rest. They succeed in any garden soil.\\nC.Alpimun (Alpine) 3 inches flowers purple, in July; Apen-\\nnine 1820. C. arenariiun (sand) 3 inches flowers purple, in\\nSeptember; Hungary; 18 16. C. atttiimnale (autumnal; com-\\nmon meadow saifron) i foot flowers purple, in September\\nBritain. C autui7inale alburn (white-flowered) 3 inches flow-\\ners white, in September Britain. C. aututnnale atro-ptirpu-\\nre7im (dark-purple) 3 inches flowers dark-purple, in Septem-\\nber Britain. C. aiitiunnale folHs variegatis (variegated-leaved);\\n3 inches flowers purple, in September Britain. C. aiitiunnale\\nJlore-pleno (double-flowered) 3 inches flowers purple, in Sep-\\ntember Britain. C. autumiiale pui^picreo-striahon (purple-\\nstriped) 3 inches flowers purple-striped, in September Brit-\\nain. C. aiitiunnale striatiini-pleno (double-striped) 3 inches\\nflowers lilac-striped, m September; Britain. C. Byza7iti7m7}i\\n(Byzantine) 3 inches flowers purple, in September Levant\\n1629. C. Chione7ise (Chio) 3 inches flowers purple, in No-\\nvember Chio. C. crociflo7 tU7i (crocus-flowered); 18 inches;\\nflowers purple, in August; south of Europe. C. 77i07ita7i2uji\\n(mountain) 3 inches flowers purple, in August south of Eu-\\nrope 1819. C. tessellatui7i (checkered) 3 inches flowers pur-\\nple, in August south of Europe 1600. C. 2i77ib7 osii77i (shaded)\\n3 inches flowers pink, in September; Guinea; 1819. C. varie-\\n8", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0129.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "114 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ngatiini (variegated-flowered) 3 inches flowers purple, in Sep-\\ntember Greece; 1629,\\nCoLEUS. [Labiatae.] A genus of which some species are\\nused for summer bedding as foliaged plants. The species\\nare properly stove shrubs, but do well in a sunny exposure.\\nMore commonly known as Plectranthus. Propagated by\\ncuttings.\\nC Verschafeldtiij a very dark foliaged plant, and fine for\\nmassing flowers inconspicuous the foliage is rich glowing\\ncrimson Java 1 860. C. Bhmieii is of no value as a bedding\\nplant.\\nColic Root. See Aletris.\\nCoLLiNSiA. [Scrophularineae.] Pretty dwarf annuals.\\nC. hicolor is a very showy plant, in clumps. The culture is\\nsimple in ordinary cases the seeds may be sown in patches\\nin the borders in May eight or ten plants will be sufficient\\nto form a patch. When they are to form a mass of flowers,\\nthey ought to be not more than three inches apart for this\\nit is best to sow thinly where they are to flower, and, when\\nthey are up, thin the plants so that they may be from two to\\nthree inches from each other. This gives the appearance\\nof a complete mass of flowers when the spikes of bloom\\nrise. Sowdng in pots should be begun in April, and eight\\nor ten plants are enough for a pot. These should be placed\\nin a greenhouse, and, as they grow, if any two should be\\ntoo close together, remove one. Where patches of this\\nflower are to be at certain distances round borders, the balls\\nmay be turned out from the pots as soon as the weather\\nbecomes warm. If this cannot be clone, they must be sown\\non a reserve bed, and transplanted when large enough, or\\nelse raised and kept in pots till they are wanted for either\\nof which purposes they should be sown in April on a very\\ngentle hot-bed. C. grandiflora is a dwarfish variety, equally", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0130.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. II5\\npretty, though differing from bicolor. It grows six inches\\nhighj spreading on the ground instead of growing erect;\\nflowers rose-purple and bright-lilac, in June. There are\\nseveral other pretty kinds, but differing only in their colors\\nand every year will add to the number of varieties, which\\nwill, in time, perhaps become, like larkspurs, most interest-\\ning in mixtures.\\nC. bartscefolia (bartsia-leaved) hardy annual; 18 inches;\\nflowers white and red, in June; Cahfornia 1850. C. bicolor\\n(two-colored) hardy annual i foot flowers lilac and white, in\\nJune; California 1833. C \u00c2\u00ab;2^^ 7r^ (large-flowered) hardy\\nannual 9 inches flowers blue and purple, in June North-west\\nAmerica; 1826. C. heterophylla (various-leaved); hardy an-\\nnual 2 feet flowers lilac, in July Colombia 1838. C. multi-\\ncolor (many-colored) hardy annual 1 8 inches flowers white\\nand red-spotted, in June California 1 850. C. tinctoria (dyer s)\\nhardy annual 18 inches flowers pinkish-Hlac, in June Califor-\\nnia 1848. C. verna (spring); hardy annual; i foot; flowers\\npurple and blue, in June North America 1826.\\nCoLLiNSONiA. [Labiatae.] Hardy herbaceous perennials,\\nincreased by division, and growing in moist garden soil.\\nC. Canadensis (Canadian) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nlilac-yellow, in September North America; 1734. C. cordata\\n(heart-leaved) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers lilac-yellow, in\\nSeptember; North America 1735.\\nCoLLOMiA. [Polemoniacese.] Hardy free-growing an-\\nnuals, allied to Gilia, growing in common garden soil. The\\nseeds should be sown in the open borders in May, and the\\nplants not allowed to become crowded.\\nC. coccinea (scarlet); hardy annual; i foot; flowers scarlet,\\nin June; ChiH 1832. C. gracilis (slender); hardy annual;\\n6 inches; flowers pink, in June; North America; 1827. C.\\ngrandiflora (large-flowered; hardy annual; 18 inches; flowers\\npinkish-buff in July North America; 1826. C. linearis (nar-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0131.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "Il6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nrow); hardy annual; i foot; flowers red, in June; 1826. C.\\nheterophyUa, gilioides, and ghitinosa are other species.\\nColtsfoot. See Tussilago.\\nColumbine. See. Aquilegia.\\nCoLURiA. [Rosaceae.] Hardy herbaceous perennial,\\nallied to Geum, growing in good loam. Propagated by\\ndivision.\\nC. pote7ttilloides ([\\\\\\\\iQ potentilla) hardy perennial; i foot;\\nflowers orange, in June Siberia 1780.\\nCoLUTEA. Bladder-Se?ina. [Leguminosae.] Hardy de-\\nciduous shrubs, growing in common soil, and increased by\\nseeds and layers.\\nC. arbor escens (tree-like) hardy shrub 10 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, all summer France 1 548, C. Haleppica (Aleppic) hardy\\nshrub 6 feet flowers yellow, in June Levant 1752. C. cru-\\nenta (bloody) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers scarlet, in June\\nLevant; 17 10. S. Nepaulensis (Nepaul) hardy shrub 5 feet;\\nflowers yellow, in August Nepaul 1822.\\nCOMMELiNA. A very pretty group of plants, comprising\\nhardy annuals and half-hardy perennials and stove ever-\\ngreens. Increased respectively by seeds, division, and cut-\\ntings. All the herbaceous species, whether from tropical\\nregions or New Holland, if the seeds are sown in a hot-bed\\nearly in spring, pricked off, and potted and planted out\\ntowards the end of May, will flourish in the flower-garden,\\nand constitute a pleasing feature until the end of autumn.\\nBefore frost, the tuberous kincls should be taken up and\\nkept like Dahlias, but not over dry, started a little in spring\\nin heat, and then transplanted at the end of May. Thus\\ntreated, they will bloom stronger than the seedlings. The\\nsoil should be light and rich, using either rotten dung or\\nleaf-mould, with sandy loam. Summer temperature for stove\\nspecies, 50\u00c2\u00b0 to 75\u00c2\u00b0 winter, 40\u00c2\u00b0 to 45\u00c2\u00b0.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0132.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 11/\\nC. ccelestis (sky-blue) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nblue or white, in July Mexico 51813. C. conwumis (common);\\nhardy annual 2 feet flowers blue-purple, in June North\\nAmerica; 1732. C. ciiciillata (hooded); gieenhouse annual;\\n2 feet; flowers blue, in July; Brazil; 1825. C. fasciaUata\\n(fascicled); hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers blue, in July\\nLima 1817. C. orchidioides (orchis-hke) half-hardy perennial\\n2 feet; flowers blue, in June; Mexico; 1837. C. tiiberosa {i\\\\x-\\nberous); half-hardy perennial; 2 feet; flowers blue, in July;\\nMexico; 1732.\\nCoNVALLARiA. Lily of the Valley. [Liliace;^.] This uni-\\nversally admired plant is a dwarf herbaceous perennial and\\nits spikes of drooping, white, deliciously fragrant flowers,\\nand broad green leaves, form one of the loveliest of Nature s\\ncontrast s in coloring, rich green and pure white. There\\nare varieties, in one of which the flowers are pinkish, and in\\nthe other double white but the simple form is the most\\nattractive. They grow in common garden soil, and flourish\\nin shady places. The plants are increased by dividing the\\nroots. Planted in pots, they are beautiful subjects for for-\\ncing into early bloom.\\nC. majalis (May) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers white,\\nin May England.\\nConvolvulus. Bindweed. [Convolvulace^.] Orna-\\nmental plants, with trumpet-shaped flowers, which are great\\nfavorites in gardens. The most common are known as the\\nConvolvulus major and the Convolvulus minor of gardens\\nthe former of which belongs to another family, called Phar-\\nBiTis (which see) and the hardy annual species, of which\\nC. tricolor., and its white and dark-blue varieties are the best,\\nshould be sown in pots in April for early bloom, and again\\nin May, in the open borders, for a succession. C. tricolor is\\na fine border plant, and, where the beds are large, it is a\\ngood flower for masses for, though a little straggling, it is", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0133.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "Il8 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nnot more so than can be controlled. C. Scamjnonia, among\\nthe hardy perennial kinds, is a very pretty twiner, and, like\\nthe rest, is best increased by seeds, and need only be planted\\nin a dr}^, well-drained situation, in good lightish garden soil.\\nThe half-hardy kinds chiefly need protection at the root\\nagainst wet during winter. There are some stove and\\ngreenhouse shrubby and climbing species which require an\\nopen compost of turfy peat and loam, and are increased by\\ncuttings, as the other perennial kinds may also be. The\\nannuals are in all cases perpetuated by seeds.\\nC. aWicEoides (althasa-like) half-hardy trailing perennial i\\nfoot; flowers pink, in June; Levant; 1759. C. Bojiariensis\\n(Buenos- Ayrean) half-hardy twiner 3 feet flowers white, in\\nJuly; Chili 1817. C. cneorum (silver-leaved); greenhouse ever-\\ngreen shrub 2 feet flowers blush, in June Levant 1640, C.\\nfarinosiis (mealy) greenhouse evergreen twiner 6 feet flowers\\npink, in May Madeira 1777. C. Italiais (Italian); half-hardy\\ntwiner 3 feet flowers rose-colored, in May south of Europe\\n1844. C. lineatiis (lined); hardy perennial; 6 inches flowers\\npurplish, in June; south of Europe; 1770. C. Scainmonia\\n(scammony) hardy climbing perennial 6 feet flowers creamy-\\nwhite, in July Levant 1726. C. tricolor (three-colored) hardy\\nannual 2 feet flowers blue, white, and yellow, in June south\\nof Europe 1629.\\nThere are numerous other half-hardy greenhouse and\\nstove species.\\nCoral-Tree. See Erythrina.\\nCoPTis. [Ranunculaceae.] Hardy herbaceous perennial,\\ncommonly called Gold-thread from the color of the roots.\\nIn moist peaty soil, it will carpet the ground with glossy\\nfoliage enlivened with starry white flowers. Propagated by\\nseeds and division.\\nC. trifolia (three -leaved) hardy evergreen perennial 4\\ninches flowers white, in May North America 1782.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0134.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 19\\nCoRBULARiA. Hoop PctHcoat Nai cissus. [Amaryllidaceas.]\\nHardy bulbs, separated from Narcissus. Garden soil. In-\\ncreased by offsetts.\\nC. bulbocodmm hardy bulb 6 inches flowers yellow, in\\nMay south of Europe 1629. C. conspicua (showy) hardy\\nbulb 6 inches flowers yellow, in May. C. lobiilata (lobed)\\nhardy bulb 6 inches flowers yellow, in May. C. tenuifolia\\n(slender-leaved) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers yellow, in May\\nSpain 1760.\\nCoreopsis. [Compositae.] A genus of showy perennials\\n(for the annuals see Calliopsis), propagated by division, and\\nthriving in garden soil. All the species we describe have\\nyellow flowers in July and August.\\nC. angiistifolia (narrow-leaved) 2 feet North America\\n1778. C. arguta (sharp); 2 feet; Carohna 1786. C. aiirea\\n(golden) 3 feet North America 1785. C.grandijlora (large-\\nflowered) 3 feet North America 1826. C laiiceolata (lance-\\nleaved) 3 feet; Carohna ;.I724. C. (slender-leaved)\\n2 feet; North America; 1780. C. /r/^/^rzj- (three-winged) 5\\nfeet; North America; 1737. C. veriicillata (whorl-leaved); 3\\nfeet; North America; 1759.\\nThere are many other species.\\nCorn-Flag. See Gladiolus.\\nCornelian Cherry. See Cornus.\\nCornus. [Cornaceae.] Hardy deciduous trees, shrubs,\\nand perennials. Propagated by seeds, cuttings, layers, and\\ndivision of the root. C.florida is a very beautiful ornamen-\\ntal tree. C. mascula is the Cornelian cherry. All require a\\nrich loamy soil.\\nC. alba (white-berried) 10 feet flowers white, in July; Si-\\nberia 1 741. C. alba Rossica (Russian) 8 feet flowers white, in\\nJuly Siberia 1820. C. alba Siberica (Siberian) 10 feet flowers\\nwhite, in August; Siberia; 1824. C. alternifolia (alternate-\\nleaved) 15 feet flowers white, in July North America 1760.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0135.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "120 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nC. Canadensis (Canadian) herbaceous perennial i foot flow-\\ners white, in June; Canada 1774. C. circinata (round-leaved)\\n6 feet flowers white, in July North America 1784. C.florida\\n(flowery); 15 feet; flowers white, in May; North America;\\n1 73 1. C. inacrophylla (large-leaved); flowers white, in July;\\nNepaul 1827. C. masctda (male cornel) 15 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in April Austria 1 596. C. viascula variegata (variegated);\\n8 feet flowers yellow, in June Austria 1596. There are other\\nvarieties of C. 7nascula, which differ only in the color of the\\nfruit. C. oblonga (oblong) 1 5 feet flowers purple Nepaul\\n1818. C. paniailata (panicled) 6 feet flowers white, in June\\nNorth America 1758. C j- a;;/^///;z^^ (bloody) 8 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June Britain. C. sangidnea variegata (variegated)\\n8 feet flowers white, in June Britain. C. sanguinea foliis\\nvariegatis (variegated-leaved) 10 feet flowers white, in June\\nBritain. C sericea (silky); 5 feet; flowers white, in August;\\nNorth America; 1683. C. sericea asperifolia (rough -leaved)\\n8 feet flowers white Carolina. C. sericea oblongifolia (oblong-\\nleaved) 8 feet flowers white, in August. C. Sibirica (Sibe-\\nrian) 8 feet flowers white, in July Siberia 1824. C. stricta\\n(erect) 10 feet flowers white, in June North America 1758.\\nC. stricta asperifolia (rough-leaved); 10 feet; flowers white.\\nC stricta sempervlre?is (sub-evergreen) 10 feet flowers white,\\nin June. C. stricta variegata (variegated) 10 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June North America; 1758. C. Sneclca (Swedish)\\nherbaceous perennial i foot flowers white, in May Britain.\\nCoRONiLLA. {Leguminoseas.] Shrubs and herbaceous\\nperennials, of easy culture. Propagated by seed and divis-\\nion. There are many greenhouse species.\\nC. Cappadoclca (Cappadocian) i foot flowers white, in July\\nCappadocia 1800. C. eineriis (scorpion-senna) shrub 3\\nfeet flowers yellow and red, in May; France 1596. C. varla\\n(various); i foot; flowers pink, in July Europe; 1597. C.glo-\\nbosa, Iberlca and sq2iamata are other species.\\nCoRTUSA. Bear^s-ear Sanick. [Primulacese.] A pretty", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0136.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 121\\ndwarf herbaceous perennial, suitable to be grown on rock-\\nwork, or among alpine plants. Loam and peat. Propa-\\ngated by division. Should have frame protection in winter.\\nC. MattJiiola (Matthioli s) 6 inches flowers red, in May\\nAustria 1596.\\nCoRYDALis. [Fumariaces.] Pretty, hardy plants, of easy\\nculture, in common soil. The annuals and biennials, which\\nare the least important, may be sown in the borders in April\\nand June. The perennials are increased by division.\\nC. aurea (golden) hardy biennial 6 inches flowers golden-\\nyellow, in May North America. C. bulbosa (bulbous) hardy\\ntuberous perennial 6 inches flowers purplish, in May Eng-\\nland. C.flavula (yellowish) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nyellow, in June; Russia; 1838. C. longz^ora (long-Rowered)\\nhardy tuberous perennial 9 inches flowers pale rose, in May\\nAltai 1832. C. hitea (yellow) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nyellow, in May England. C. Marshalliana (Marshall s) hardy\\ntuberous perennial 6 inches flowers purple, in May Tauria\\n1824. C. iiobilis (noble); hardy tuberous perennial; i foot;\\nflowers pale yellow, in May; Siberia; 1783. C. pceonifolia\\n(peony-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers purple, in\\nMay Siberia 1820. C. Siberica (Siberian) hardy perennial\\n6 inches flowers yellow, in July Siberia 18 10.\\nCoRYLUS. [Corylace^e.] The Hazel-nuts, or Filberts,\\nare mostly cultivated for fruit, and seldom for ornament,\\nexcept the purple foliaged variety. They are all of easy\\nculture in garden soil. Propagated by seeds, division, and\\nlayers.\\nCosMANTHUS. [Hydropliyllaceas.] Pretty hardy an-\\nnuals. Rich garden soil. Increased by seeds.\\nC. JiDibriatiis (fringed) hardy annual i foot flowers white\\nand lilac, in June North America 1838.\\nCosMEA. [Compositae.] Pretty half-hardy annuals and\\nperennials. Rich garden soil. The annuals increased by", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0137.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "122 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nseeds, which should be sown in gentle heat in spring, and\\nthe young plant turned out in May the perennials, by root\\ndivision. Also called Cosmos.\\nC. bipinnata (bi-pinnate) half-hardy annual 3 feet flowers\\npurple, in July Mexico 1799. C. diversifolia (various-leaved)\\nhalf-hardy tuberous perennial 3 feet flowers lilac, in Septem-\\nber Mexico; 1835. C. (yellow) half-hardy annual 2\\nfeet; flowers yellow, in September; Mexico; 181 1. C. scabio-\\nsoides (scabious-like) half-hardy tuberous perennial 4 feet\\nflowers scarlet, in September; Mexico; 1836. C. sidplmrea\\n(sulphur) half-hardy annual 2 feet flowers yellow, in July\\nMexico; 1799. C. tejuiifolia (slender-leaved); half-hardy an-\\nnual 2 feet flowers red, in September Mexico 1836.\\nCoTONEASTER. [Pomaceae.] Hardy trees and shrubs of\\nan ornamental character. Common soil. Increased by\\nlayers and seeds. Most of the species require protection in\\nthe Northern States. The evergreens are very ornamental\\nin leaf and berry.\\nC. acuminata (pointed-leaved) 4 feet flowers pink, in May\\nNepaul 1820. C. affinis (similar); 4 feet; flowers pink, in\\nMay; Nepaul; 1820. C. baciilaris {rod); Nepaul; 1841. C.\\nbuxifolia (box-leaved) 3 feet flowers white, in May Nepaul\\n1824. C. buxifolia margi7iata (white-margined) 3 feet flowers\\nwhite, in May Sahrunpore 1838. C dentictilata (fine-toothed-\\nleaved) 6 feet flowers white Mexico 1826. C. emargitiata\\n(bordered) flowers white, in May Nepaul. C. frigida (cold)\\n10 feet; flowers white and green, in May Nepaul 1824. C.\\nlaxijlora (loose-flowered) 4 feet flowers pink, in May 1826.\\nC. laxijlora unifiora (one-flowered) 3 feet flowers white, in\\nMay Nepaul. C. microphylla (small-leaved) 4 feet flowers\\nwhite, in May Nepaul 1825. C. midtijlora (many-flowered)\\n4 feet; flowers white, in May; Altai; 1837. C. immmularia\\n(moneywort-leaved) 10 feet flowers white and green, in May\\nNepaul; 1824. C r(?/z^/z^//^ (round-leaved) 3 feet; flowers\\nwhite, in May Nepaul 1820. C. Roy lei (Dr. Royle s) flowers", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0138.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 123\\nwhite North India 1845. toinentosa (woolly) 4 feet flow-\\ners pink, in May 1759. vulgaris (common) 4 feet flowers\\npink, in May Europe 1656. C. vulgaris depressa (depressed)\\nflowers white, in May Europe. C. vulgaris erythrocarpa (red-\\nfruited) 4 feet flowers white, in May Europe. C vulgaris\\nmelaiiocarpa (black-fruited) 8 feet flowers white, in May\\nEurope.\\nCotton Grass. See Eriophorum.\\nCousiNEA. [Compositae.] A family of not very orna-\\nmental hardy plants. The annuals increased by seed, the\\nperennials by division. Common soil. The species are\\nC. cardiiifo7 mis^ cj?iaroides, Hohenakeri, hystrix, macrocephala^\\ntmella, and Volgensis.\\nCow Parsnip. See Heracleum.\\nCowslip. See Primula.\\nCrane s Bill. See Geranium.\\nCrataegus. Hawthorn. [Pomaceae.] The most orna-\\nmental genus of the smaller trees. It is a very extensive\\nfamily. The majorit}^ grow from twelve to twenty feet high,\\nforming small trees of considerable diversity of habit. The\\nflowers are for the most part white, in bunches, so familiar\\nin the common Hawthorn but there are some with pink\\nblossoms. The trees are, however, no less valuable on\\naccount of their flowers than their fruit, which is ver}^ orna-\\nmental in the autumn the flowers being developed in the\\nspring, or between May and June. The thorns all grow\\nfreely in good garden soil, preferring that of a loamy tex-\\nture. They are, in ordinary cases, better known as small\\nstandards, or trees, than as bushes. It is usual to graft all\\nthe kinds upon stocks of the common Hawthorn an upright\\nleading shoot is then trained up to a sufficient height for the\\nstem, which may be four or six feet high, when they are\\npruned to form the head. The common kind for stocks, or\\nfor the purpose of forming hedges, for which it is one of", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0139.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "124 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nthe best of deciduous subjects, is raised from the seeds or\\nhaws, sown broadcast in beds, and transplanted when a\\nyear old into nursery-beds. Fences are best planted with\\ntwo-year-old plants. The stocks for grafting should be four\\nyears old and, if they are not placed where the trees are to\\nremain, they should have been transplanted annually previ-\\nously to grafting them.\\nThe species are all desirable but the following are se-\\nlected in regard to their different qualities and properties\\nFor Flowers. C. cordataj flowers white, in large corymbs.\\nC. Mexicana; flowers white, succeeded by large yellowish apple-\\nlike fruit. C. Oxyacantha fiore-pleno J with double white flowers.\\nC Oxyacantha prcecox the Glastonbury thorn white, the ear-\\nliest of all, blooming in early May. C. Oxyacantha pnnicea;\\nwith crimson flowers. C. Oxyacantha rosea Jlore-pleno j with\\ndouble crimson flowers.\\nFor Fruit. C. Aronia; fruit yellow. C. Azarolus fruit\\nscarlet. C. coccineaj fruit scarlet. C. Douglasii; fruit dark\\npurple. C. Mexicajtiis J fruit pale yellowish-green. C. Orien-\\ntalisj fruit coral-colored. C. Oxyacantha melanocarpaj fruit\\nblack. C. tanacetifolia Leeanaj fruit yellow.\\nFor Habit of Growth. C. Crusgallij spreading. C.glan-\\ndulosa; compact. C. Oxycatitha pendiilaj drooping. C. pur-\\npureaj upright, rigid. C. Oxyacantha strictaj fastigiate.\\nC. Crusgalli pyracanthifolia is a remarkable grotesque\\nlittle tree, like a miniature cedar of Lebanon. C. pyracan-\\ntha is an evergreen trailing species, with bunches of fiery\\nberries in winter. It is one of the best of plants for train-\\ning against a wall or building.\\nCrawfordia. [Gentianaceas.] Beautiful half-hardy per-\\nennial twiner, thriving in loamy peat. Increased by cut-\\ntings or division.\\nC. fasciculata (fascicled) 4 feet flowers blue, in August\\nHimalaya; 1855.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0140.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 125\\nCrepis. See Tolpis.\\nCristaria. [Malvaceae.] Hardy herbaceous perennial,\\nthriving in peat, and increased by division.\\nC. coccinea (scarlet) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers scar-\\nlet, in August Missouri; 1811.\\nCrocus. Beautiful dwarf hardy bulbs, with grassy leaves\\nand showy flowers, of easiest culture in common garden\\nsoil. The bulbs should be planted in October or Novem-\\nber, about two inches deep, in clumps, or rows. They\\nshould not be planted singly, as they are far more effective\\nif put in groups of six, twelve, or even more, the groups\\nbeing proportionately distant. There is another race of Cro-\\ncuses, the autumn-bloomers, comprising some very splendid\\nspecies, which bloom in the end of October and through\\nNovember, and are equally useful, as ornaments, with the\\nspring Crocuses, in consequence of blooming when other\\nflowers are out of bloom. Many of these, however, are very\\nscarce. They should be planted in June and July, and in\\nother respects require precisely the same treatment as the\\nothers.\\nC. argentetis (silvery) hardy bulb 4 inches flowers white\\nand brown, in April; Pisa; 1842. C. Asturicits (Asturian)\\nhardy bulb 4 inches flowers purple, in October Asturia\\n1842. C. aureus (golden) hardy bulb 4 inches flowers yellow,\\nin April Greece. C. biflonis (two-flowered) hardy bulb 6\\ninches flowers white and purple, in spring Crimea 1629. C.\\nBoryanus (Bory s) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers white, in\\nautumn; Greek Islands; 1842. C. Cartwrightiaims (Cart-\\nwright s) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers white and purple, in\\nautumn Crete 1842. C. Caucasims (Caucasian) hardy bulb\\n4 inches flowers purple, in September Caucasus. C. chrysan-\\nthus (golden-flowered) hardy bulb 4 inches flowers golden, in\\nApril. C. hnperatoriiis (Imperato s) hardy bulb 4 inches\\nflowers hlac, in April Naples 1830. C. hiteus (common yel-\\nlow) hardy bulb 4 inches flowers yellow, in April Turkey", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0141.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "126 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n1629. C. AfcBsiacus (Mxsmn) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers\\norange or saffron, in spring Greece 1629. C. inediiis (inter-\\nmediate) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers violet, in autumn\\nLiguria 1842. C. nivalis (snowy); hardy bulb; 4 inches;\\nflowers white, in May Morea. C. odortis (sweet-scented)\\nhardy bulb 6 inches flowers lilac and gold, in autumn Na-\\nples 1830. C. Pallasianus (Pallas hardy bulb 4 inches\\nflowers lilac, in October Crimea 1821. C.pulchellus (neat)\\nhardy bulb 6 inches flowers pale-bluish, pearl-colored, in au-\\ntumn Mount Atlas 1843. C _yr^;/(2 ?^j- (Pyrenaean) hardy\\nbulb 4 inches flowers purple, in September England. C.\\nsativus (saftron) hardy bulb; 4 inches flowers violet, in Sep-\\ntember England. C. serotinus (late) hardy bulb 4 inches\\nflowers violet, in October south of Europe 1629, C. speciosics\\n(showy) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers blue, in autumn Eng-\\nland. C. Siisianus (Susian) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers\\ndeep yellow, in spring Turkey, 1605. C. Thomasiafttcs\\n(Thomas s) hardy bulb 4 inches flowers bJue, in September\\nNaples; 1830. C. vallecola (valley); hardy bulb; 4 inches;\\nflowers white, in October Trebizond Alps 1842. C. versicolor\\n(many-colored) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers white and blue,\\nin spring; south of Europe 1629.\\nThere are numerous other species and varieties, all plants\\nof much beauty and interest. The following are good\\nnamed varieties. White. Caroline Chisholm, Ecossais,\\nGrootvo7 st, Countess de Momy, Queen Victoria. Blue. Al-\\nbion, Argus, David Rizzio, Grande Vidette, Gra?id Lilas,\\nLilacais, Vulcan, Walter Scott. Yellow. Gratide Jaime,\\nDrap d or, Scotch.\\nCrosswort. See Crucianella.\\nCrowfoot. See Ranunculus.\\nCrucianella. [Galiaceae.] Hardy annuals and peren-\\nnials, with a few stove species. The annuals are of no\\nfloricultural importance. C stylosa is a pretty trailing spe-\\ncies, desirable for rock-work, growing in garden soil, and\\npropagated by cuttings or division.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0142.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 12/\\nC. stylosa (long-styled) hardy perennial i foot flowers pink,\\nin July Persia 1836. C. stmveolens {s\\\\Ne.et) hardy perennial\\nI foot flowers yellow, in July Russia 1838.\\nCryptomeria. Japan Cedar. [Pinaceae.] A very orna-\\nmental evergreen tree, thriving best in pure and rather sandy\\nloam, but not hardy in the Northern States, though occasion-\\nally surviving the winter. Propagated by seeds and cuttings.\\nC. Japonica Qapan) half-hardy evergreen 100 feet Japan;\\n1844. There is a dwarf variety.\\nCucuMis. Cucumber, [Cucurbitacese.] Half-hardy trail-\\ning annuals, requiring a warm exposure and rich soil. A\\nfew species are grown for their ornamental fruit.\\nC. flexnosiis (snake) flowers yellow fruit in autumn East\\nIndies; 1597. Some of the other species are C. dipsaceus,\\nmelochito, dindi peremiis.\\nCucuRBiTA. Gourds. [Cucurbitaceae.] Half-hardy trail-\\ning annuals, requiring the same treatment as Cucumis. C.\\ndigifata, leiica?ttha, Angora^ melopeto variegata, maxima, sipho,\\nare desirable.\\nCuNiLA. [Lamiaceae.] Hardy herbaceous perennials.\\nPeat and loam. Propagated by division.\\nC. coccinea (scarlet); hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers\\nscarlet, in September North America 1823. C. Mariana\\n(Maryland) hardy perennial i foot flowers red, in Septem-\\nber North America 1759.\\nCuPHEA. [Lythraceae.] Pretty shrubby or herbaceous\\nperennials and procumbent annuals, comprising both ten-\\nder and hardy species. The hardy annual kinds should be\\nsown along with the annuals in April on a slight hot-bed, or\\nin frames, for the earliest bloom, and again in May in the\\nopen borders. They prefer a rich light soil. The green-\\nhouse and tender species grow in a mixture of two parts\\nleaf-mould to one of loam, with a sixth of sand added and", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0143.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "128 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nare increased by cuttings in sand, in a brisk hot-bed, during\\nthe spring or summer. C. ignea, better known ^iS platy centra,\\nan almost ever-blooming shrubby species, with. bright scarlet\\ntubes, just tipped with a ring of black and white, is well\\nsuited for the flower-garden during summer. It scarcely\\ngrows more than a foot high in the course of a season but\\nthe larger the plants, the better they look so that the\\nold plants should be preserved.\\nC. ignea (fiery) greenhouse sub-shrub i8 inches flowers\\nscarlet and black, all the year Mexico 1845. C- Melvillii\\n(Melville s) stove sub-shrub 3 feet flowers scarlet and\\ngreen, in July Guinea; 1823. C. ininiata (vermilion); green-\\nhouse sub-shrub 18 inches flowers scarlet and purple, in\\nJune South America 1845. C. proctimbcns (procumbent)\\nhardy annual i foot flowers pale-purple, in July Mexico\\n18.16. C. sileiioides (silene-like) hardy annual 18 inches\\nflowers lilac-edged purple, in July Mexico 1836. C. strigil-\\nlosa (coarse-haired) greenhouse sub-shrub 1 8 inches flowers\\nred and yellow, in June Mexico 1844. C viscosissima (clam-\\nmiest) hardy annual 18 inches flowers pale-purple, in July\\nAmerica 1 776.\\nC. emineiis is of no value as a bedding plant.\\nCuPRESSUS. Cypress. [Pinaces.] Handsome evergreen\\nshrub-like trees, mostly of pyramidal growth. They are\\nmostly large trees when full grown, but, being erect-growing,\\nmay be kept for many years in a moderate space. Good\\nloamy soil is best for them and they are best increased by\\nseeds, but sometimes by cuttings and by grafting.\\nOrnamental Evergreens. C. sempervirens (common ev-\\nergreen) C. Ltisitaiiica (cedar of Goa) C. torulosa (Bhotan\\ncypress) C. thiirifcra (frankincense-bearing) C. fiinebris (fu-\\nnebral) C. Goveniana (Gowen s) C. macrocarpa (large-\\nfruited) C. Udheana (Udhe s).\\nMost of the species are tender in the Northern States.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0144.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n129\\nCurrant. See Ribes.\\nCyananthus. [Polemoniaceas.] Pretty little hardy her-\\nbaceous plants, requiring sandy soil. Increased by division\\nand cuttings, which must be rooted under a bell-glass.\\nC. lobatiis (lobed) hardy perennial 10 inches flowers pur-\\nple or blue, in August Chinese Tartary 1844.\\nCydonia. Quince. [Pomaceae.] A genus of trees and\\nshrubs, including C. ^aponica, once known as Fyms Japoji-\\nica, which is one of the most brilliant of deciduous flowering\\nshrubs, blooming in early spring. The large scarlet flow^ers\\ngrow in clusters on the branches, and are very conspicuous.\\nIt is a free-growing plant, and does well trained against a\\nwall as a shrub, or as a hedge-plant. There are varieties,\\nwith pink, citron-yellow, cream-colored, dark-red, and semi-\\ndouble flowers, some of which are very fine. The fruit is\\nveiy fragrant. Propagated by root-cutting, seeds, division,\\nand layers.\\nC. Japonica (Japan) hardy shrub 6 feet flowers scarlet, in\\nMay; Japan; 181 5. C. sineiisis (Chinese); hardy tree; 15\\nfeet flowers pink, in May China 18 16.\\nCynanchum. [Asclepiadaceae.] Mostly hardy herba-\\nceous perennials, not very showy, growing in common soil,\\nand propagated by division. The species are C. acutum,\\ncirrhosum^ excelsiim, lutciun^ medium, uielantJms, 7iigrum, ro-\\nsetijn, villosu7n, and others.\\nCynara. Artichoke. [Compositse.] Large plants with\\nornamental foliage, suitable for large borders. Common soil.\\nIncreased by division.\\nC. cardunculus (cardoon) 5 feet flowers blue, in August\\nCandia; 1658. C./^r^-r (fierce) 5 feet flowers blue, in July;\\nItaly; 1820. C. glomerata (clustered); half-hardy; 3 inches;\\nflowers blue, in August Cape of Good Hope; 1824. C. hor-\\nrida (horrid) greenhouse 6 feet flowers purple, in August\\n9", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0145.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "130 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nMadeira; 1768. C. zntegrifolia {yNholt-lQTiv d) 4 feet flowers\\nblue, in July Spain. C. pygincEa (pigmy) i foot flowers pur-\\nple, in July Spain 1820. C. Scolymus (common); Artichoke;\\n8 feet flowers purple, in August south of Europe 1548. C\\nspinosissivia (most spiny) 4 feet flowers blue, in July Sicily\\n1826.\\nCynoglossum. HoimcTs Tongue. [Boraginacese.] A large\\ngenus of hardy annuals, biennials, and perennials, generally\\ncoarse-growing, and not desirable. C. canescens^ diffusiim,\\nhirsutum^ and lanceolatum^ are annuals C. amplexicaule^ an-\\nchusoides^ Australe, grandiflorum^ longifiorum^ Magellense^ to-\\nijientosum^ and Virginicum^ are perennials; and there are\\nabout twenty biennial species.\\nCypress. See Cupressus.\\nCypress Vine. See Quamoclit.\\nCypripedium. Ladfs-Slipper. [Orchidaceae.] Beautiful\\nherbaceous perennials, comprising about a dozen hardy and\\nsome two dozen stove species. The latter are easily culti-\\nvated in a moist heated atmosphere, such as the Orchid-\\neous family generally require, and may be potted in rough\\nturfy peat. They must not be over-watered at the root, nor\\nshould cold water be poured about their roots or hearts at\\nany time. They increase by division. The hardy ones are\\nmore difficult to cultivate, and can only be well managed in\\na cold, shady situation, in a bed of peat earth. They may be\\nkept in pots of peat soil, and set into a frame. Whether\\ngrown in pots, or planted out, they do not at all like to be\\ndisturbed, and should therefore be replanted or repotted as\\nseldom as possible. It is a remarkable as well as beautiful\\nfamily, and is worth any trouble to secure its successful cul-\\ntivation.\\nC. album (white) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in\\nMay North America 1800. C. arietinutn (ram s-head)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers white and green, in May", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0146.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. I3I\\nNorth America; 1808. C. barbatiun (bearded); stove peren-\\nnial I foot flowers purple and green, in July Mount Ophir\\n1838. C. calceohis (common slipper) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers yellow and brown, in May England. C. candiduin\\n(white) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in May North\\nAmerica; 1826. C. giittatiun (spotted); hardy perennial; 2\\nfeet flowers white and rose, in May; Siberia 1829. C. humile\\nor acaule (humble) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers purple\\nand white, in June; North America; 1786. C. insigne {%\\\\x\\\\k.-\\ning) stove perennial i foot flowers green, white, and purple,\\nin July; Nepaul 1819. C Irapearmm (Irapean) stove per-\\nennial 18 inches flowers yellow, in June Mexico 1844.\\nC. Lowii {Lo\\\\n s); stove perennial; 18 inches; flowers purple\\nand green, in May; Borneo; 1847. C. ptibescens (pubescent);\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers yellow and purple, in May\\nNorth America 1790. C. spectabile (showy) hardy perennial\\n18 inches flowers purple and white, in June North America\\n1 73 1. C. ventricostim (belHed); hardy perennial; 9 inches;\\nflowers purple, in May; Siberia; 1828. C. vemistum (^\\\\2.x^^-\\nsome) stove perennial i foot flowers green and red, in July\\nNepaul 18 16.\\nCytisus. [Leguminosae.] Elegant, and, for the most\\npart, showy shrubs, and small trees. C. Laburnum and Al-\\npimis are well-known free-fliowering trees, and, though the\\nmost familiar and common, are the most beautiful of the\\nwhole family. They may be raised from seeds, which need\\nonly be sown on the common open ground and raked in,\\nwhere they may be thinned to proper distances, two or three\\ninches apart, and remain the first season the next, they\\nmay be planted out in rows, a foot from plant to plant, and\\ntwo feet from row to row. As all these trees are wanted\\nas standards, whether for their own sakes or for stocks on\\nwhich to graft or bud other varieties, the side-shoots, except\\nthe top two or three, should be rubbed off while merely\\nbuds. When they are tall enough, their heads may be", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0147.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "132 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nallowed to grow and bloom, because those with the largest\\nand handsomest racemes of flowers may be saved for Labur-\\nnums, and the others may be worked with the different\\nspecies of Cytisus, some of which are white, others yellow,\\nand many are of different forms and habits but all make\\ngood standards. Some of them have small racemes of\\nflowers, others bloom all the way along the branches some\\nare pendulous, others shrubby and upright; but all very\\npretty, and worth growing in collection among ornamental\\nshrubs. Most of the hardy kinds may be grown as dwarf\\nshrubs in any common soil, and are readily increased either\\nby seeds or by layers. The greenhouse species are hand-\\nsome shrubs, growing freely in peat and loam, and increased\\nby seeds, by grafting, or by cuttings.\\nOrnamental Trees. C. Labicrinun (common Laburnum)\\nC. Alpimcs (Scotch Laburnum) C. Adami (purple Laburnum).\\nOrnamental Shrubs. C. purpiireus (purple) C. albus\\n(Portugal Broom) C. nigricans (black) C sessilifolius (sessile-\\nleaved) C. patens (spreading) C. scoparius (broom), and its\\nvarieties C. nanus (dwarf) C. mnltijloriis (many leaved) C.\\nspinosiis (spiny).\\nThere are some thirty other species.\\nCzACKiA. See Anthericum liliastrum.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0148.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3296", "width": "2030", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0150.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "Tr\\\\AHLIA. [Compositae.] The florists varieties of this\\n-L^ flower require good rich soil, and a moist, open situation.\\nIn this country, the plant is falling out of favor, and is by no\\nmeans as extensively grown as formerly the attention of\\nflorists being directed to Hollyhocks and Gladiolus. The\\nflower, though showy, has a set, rosette- appearance, and is a\\nrank-smelling thing and in a small garden a hundred flow-\\ners can be found any one of which will well fill its place.\\nFor ordinary gardens, where no great increase is required,\\nthe tubers may be placed in any warm situation a hot-bed\\nfor instance, or a warm kitchen or other apartment about\\nthe month of April, and in a few days the eyes, or incipient\\nshoot-buds, will appear; then separate the tubers into as\\nmany pieces as are wanted, with at least a sound eye and\\ntuber to each piece. These pieces may be potted, and placed\\nin the greenhouse or dwelling-house, or in a common frame,\\nor any place from which frost can be excluded, and they\\nwill begin growing. In potting, the tubers may be freely\\ncut to lessen their size for the convenience of using moder-\\nate sized pots. Those who want to increase their stock\\nconsiderably may pot the whole tubers, and put them in a\\nhot-bed, and as fast as any shoots come and have grown two\\ninches long, cut them off at the base, pot them singly in the\\nsmallest sized pots, and put them in the hot-bed to strike.\\nPlants reared in either of these ways maybe put in the open\\nground about the middle of May, in the places where they\\nare to flower. The plants should be six feet apart, and they\\n133", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0151.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "134 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nmust be tied up as they grow, or the wind will break them\\ndown. Seeds may be sown in April in a hot-bed, and the\\nyoung plants potted and kept growing till the middle of May\\nthey may then be planted in rows, two feet apart in the row,\\nand three from row to row. The florists varieties have been\\nobtained by years of crossing and seed-saving, from D.\\nvariabilis^ and are now almost endless in variety of colour,\\nand vary in height from three to six feet. The other kinds\\nof Dahlias are small tuberous-rooted perennials, requiring to\\nbe protected in winter, and planted out in summer in good\\ngarden soil.\\nD. BarkericB (Miss Barker s) half-hardy tuber 2 feet flow-\\ners blush, in August Mexico; 1838. D. fncstranea (barren-\\nrayed) half-hardy tuber 6 feet flowers scarlet or orange, in\\nSeptember; Mexico; 1802. D. glabrata (smooth); half-hardy\\ntuber 3 feet flowers lilac, in July Mexico 1838. D. scapigera\\n(scape-bearing) half-hardy tuber 2 feet flowers lilac, in July\\nMexico; 1837. D. variabilis (variable); half-hardy perennial;\\n3 to 6 feet flowers various, in September; Mexico 1789.\\nThe florists varieties are very numerous, and a selection\\ncan be readily made from any florist s catalogue. The\\npompon varieties are rather pretty if well pegged down in\\na bed.\\nDaffodil. See Narcissus.\\nDaisy. See Bellis.\\nDalibarda. [Rosaceae.] A pretty, low-growing family\\nof plants, suitable for rock-work. Increased by seed and\\ndivision.\\nD. repcns (creeping) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nwhite, all summer. North America.\\nDaphne. [Thymelae^e.] A genus of well-known plants,\\nof which only two, D. meorum and mezereon, are hardy in the\\nNorthern States. They thrive in any good garden soil^ and", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0152.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 35\\nare propagated by division, layers, or seeds. The latter re-\\nquire two years to vegetate.\\nD. /^,9r///;^/ (Fortune s) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers lilac, in\\nApril; China, 1844. D. uiezereon (hardy shrub) 2 feet flow-\\ners pink, in April England. Variety album has white flow-\\ners riibrtun has red flowers a2tttt7nnale has red flowers, in\\nAugust. D. cneoriun (garland flower) hardy evergreen i foot\\nflowers pink, in May. A variety has variegated foliage.\\nDatura. [Solanaceae.] The greenhouse species, usually\\nknown as Brugmansias, do well planted in a rich, moist,\\nsunny border, in summer, and often flower profusely. The\\nannuals are rank-growing plants, but have showy flowers.\\nThey are easily raised from seed, which should be sown in\\nMay in the border, or in a frame in April, and transplanted.\\nD.bicolor {\\\\.\\\\NO-Q.Q\\\\oxt^\\\\ greenhouse shrub; 10 feet; flowers\\norange and red, in August; Peru; 1833. D. candidal {^\\\\{\\\\\\\\.e)\\\\\\ngreenhouse shrub; 10 feet; flowers white, in August; Peru,\\n1813. D. ceratocaiilon (horn-stemmed); half-hardy annual; 2\\nfeet flowers white, in July South America 1805. D. cornigera\\n(horn-bearing); greenhouse shrub; 10 feet; flowers white, in\\nJuly; Brazil; 1846. D. fastiiosa (purple); half-hardy annual;\\n2 feet flowers purple, in July Egypt 1629. D. Gardneri\\n(Gardners) greenhouse shrub 10 feet flowers white, in July;\\nSouth America; 1733. D. Knig/ilii (Knight s) greenhouse\\nshrub 10 feet; flowers white, in August gardens. D. lutea\\n(yellow) greenhouse shrub 10 feet flowers yellowish, in\\nAugust. D. Metel (downy) half-hardy annual 2 feet flowers\\nwhite, in July; Asia; 1596. D. Strainoiihim (Stramonium^)\\nhardy annual 3 feet flowers white, in July England. D.\\nsiiaveolens (sweet-scented) greenhouse shrub 10 feet flowers\\nwhite, in August Peru 1733. D. Tatida (blue) half-hardy\\nannual 2 feet flowers purple, in July North America 1629.\\nDay Lily. See Hemerocallis,\\nDelphinium. Larkspur. [Ranunculacece.] An exten-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0153.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "136 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nsive genus of hardy plants, chiefly perennials, but containing\\nsome annuals and biennials. Mostly plants of considerable\\nbeauty, and favorites in gardens. The perennials are in-\\ncreased by dividing the roots in spring, and need not be\\ndisturbed oftener than once in three years, to part the roots.\\nThe double variety of D. grandiflorum has beautiful flow-\\ners of an intense blue color. The best of the annuals,\\nD. cotisolida and AJacis, should be sown where they are\\nto bloom, and thinned to three or four inches apart. They\\nought to be grown in every garden, and require only good\\ngarden soil. The branching Larkspur is often hardy enough\\nto stand the winter if sown in autumn.\\nD. aconiti (aconite-like) hardy annual i foot flowers pur-\\nplish, in June; Levant; 1801. D. Ajacis (rocket); hardy\\nannual 18 inches flowers pink, blue, or white, in June\\nSwitzerland, 1573. D. amcsnum (pleasing); hardy perennial;\\n3 feet flowers light-blue, in July Siberia; 1818. D.azureum\\n(azure) hardy perennial 5 feet flowers light-blue, in July\\nCaroHna 1805. D. Barlowi (Barlow s); hardy perennial; 3\\nfeet flowers deep-blue, double, in June gardens. D. cheilan-\\nthum (lip-flowered) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers dark-blue,\\nin June Siberia; 1819. D. Chin ens e {Z\\\\\\\\vcv^ s hardy peren-\\nnial; 2 feet; flowers deep-blue, in July; Tartary 18 18. D.\\nconsolida (branching) hardy annual i\\\\ feet flowers blue,\\npink, or white, in June England. D. divaricatum (stragghng)\\nhardy annual 18 inches flowers purple, in July Asia 1836.\\nD. grandijioriun (large-flowered) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers deep-blue, in July; Siberia; 1816. D. grandiflorum\\nflord-pleno J hardy perennial 2 feet; flowers deep-blue, double,\\nin July gardens. D. speciosiuu (showy) hardy perennial 4\\nfeet; flowers blue, in July Caucasus 18 16.\\nThere are numerous other showy species, among which\\nD. HeiidersoJti and fonnoswn^ garden varieties, are conspicu-\\nous. For common cultivation, we should select as the best,\\nD. formosiim^ sinense (white, light, and deep blue), sinmse", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0154.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 37\\nplenum, Hendersoni, elatum, varieties C(2lestimcm, grandiflorimi,\\nbicolor plenum, azureum grandiflorum, bicolor 2in plenu?n.\\nDesert Rod. See Eremostachys.\\nDentaria. [Cruciferae.] A family of hardy herbaceous\\nplants, comprising some dozen species, easily propagated by\\nseeds and division. They are of little horticultural impor-\\ntance.\\nDeutzia. [Philadelphaceae.] Handsome hardy decid-\\nuous shrubs, very ornamental in both garden and shrubbery.\\nPropagated by suckers and layers. The smaller species,\\nespecially D. gracilis, are valuable for forcing in the green-\\nhouse.\\nD. corymbosa (corymbed) hardy shrub 5 feet flowers white,\\nin June Himalayas 1838. D. gracilis (graceful) hardy shrub\\n2 feet flowers white, in May Japan 1850. D. scabra (rough)\\nhardy shrub 5 feet flowers w^hite, in June Japan 1 833. D.\\nsta77iiitea (broad-stamened) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers white,\\nin June Himalayas 1831. The double-flowered species are\\ndesirable. D. crenata flore-pleno is a fine species, introduced\\nfrom Japan in 1863\\nDevil in a Bush. See Nigella.\\nDiANTHOiDis, See Fenzlia.\\nDiANTHUS. Pink. [Caiyophyllaceae.] The majority of\\nthe Pinks are highly ornamental hardy perennials, particu-\\nlarly suited for rock-work, and almost all the species are\\nalike desirable in such situations. All the hardy perennials\\nprefer a light, dryish soil, and are increased by cuttings or\\npipings, and also by seeds, which should be sown as soon as\\nripe. There are a few half-hardy, sub-shrubby kinds, which\\nmay be kept in a dry frame or greenhouse, and should be\\npotted in sandy loam and peat they propagate by cuttings.\\nThe Indian pink D. Chinetisis) is a richly colored hardy\\nbiennial, and does well treated as an annual.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0155.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "138 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nPi7ik (Dia?it/iiis plumarius, vars.). The fancy or florist s\\nrace of pinks is extensive they require every year to be\\nstruck from pipings, which are the shoots that spring out\\nround the base of the stem these are taken off at blooming\\ntime, or rather later, and each shoot is cut across just be-\\nlow the third joint the lov/er pair of leaves from the heart\\nbeing cut clean away. A bed is made of rich sandy loam\\nand dung, and the surface is made quite soft with water, in\\nwhich state pipings or shoots are inserted all over it not\\nmore than an inch apart. After drying for an hour or two, it\\nis covered with a hand-glass, which is not disturbed for some\\ndays, and then only to water the pipings if they require it.\\nA good deal can be done towards moistening them by\\nwatering outside the glass. In three weeks they will have\\nstruck root, and the glass may then be tilted a little to admit\\nsome air, and in a few days more may be taken away, that\\nthey may have full benefit of the air. After a few days, they\\nmay be taken up, and planted out in four-feet beds six\\ninches apart every way will be the proper distance for the\\nplants. The soil in which they grow should be the loam\\nfrom rotted turfs or, if ordinary garden soil be used of\\nnecessity, a good dressing of dung should be forked in be-\\nfore the pinks are planted. In May, when they send up\\ntheir bloom-stalks, remove all but the best from each plant,\\nand, as these advance, take off all but two or three buds from\\neach stalk and when these have swelled almost to burst-\\ning, but not quite, tie them fast round the middle with a\\npiece of bass-matting, and tear the bud-cover down to the\\ntie at its five natural divisions. After the bloom is over, the\\ngrass, as it is called, that is, the young shoots, will be\\nready to strike for the next year. The best double Pmks do\\nnot seed freely, but they do occasionally and such seed\\nshould be prized as a means towards obtaining new vari-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0156.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 139\\neties of merit. The seed should be sown in wide-mouthed\\npots or seed-pans, not too thick, and placed in a cold\\nframe if not too much crowded when they come up, the\\nplants may remain there till they are large enough to plant\\nout, in like manner with the pipings or cuttings, and the\\ntreatment is the same throughout. As they bloom, throv/\\naway instantly every one that is semi-double or single, and\\nall that are not as good or better than the varieties already\\nin cultivation. A very few of the seedlings may be worth\\ntrying again, and of these a few cuttings should be reared.\\nThe flowers of seedlings should be examined daily, almost\\nhourly, in order to destroy at once those that are good for\\nnothing for single and semi-double kinds can only spoil the\\nseed of the better sorts. It is not to be expected, with every\\ncare and advantage in seed-saving, to get one improved\\nvariety out of fifty, or even a larger number of seedlings.\\nFor list of the best varieties see the latest trade catalogues.\\nCarnation and Picotee Dianthus Caryophyllus, vars.J.\\nThese superb and highly scented flowers are precisely sim-\\nilar as to the requirements of their cultivation. They are\\npropagated chiefly by layering. The shoots at the bottom of\\nthe stems, being longer than those of the pink, can be pegged\\nunder the surface to strike root, which they do when half\\ndivided from the parent for by cutting them half-way\\nthrough, and pegging the cut part firmly under the surface,\\nthe supply of nourishment from the parent plant being di-\\nminished, they endeavor to compensate for their loss by\\nforming roots. The shoots in this case do not droop, be-\\ncause the connection with the old plant is not cut off, as in\\nthe removal of a piping consequently, there is not so much\\nrisk of losing any of them. In cutting these stems, the knife\\nshould go in slanting just under a joint (about the third joint\\nfrom the top) and, when nearly half through, they should", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0157.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "140 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nbe split up half an inch above the joint, the sloping piece\\nbelow the joint being cut off even. The half-joint thus sep-\\narated, will, when pegged down, send forth roots. These\\nlayers, as they are called, may be all cut off in September,\\nand potted in four-inch pots, two in a pot, with nothing but\\nclean good loam from rotted turfs, no dung. In February,\\nprepare rich mould to bloom them in, half loam from\\nrotted turfs, a fourth decomposed dung, and the other\\nfourth turfy peat and silver, or other very clean sand, mixed\\nwell and left in a heap. In the beginning of April, get\\ntwelve-inch pots fill one-third with sherds of broken pots,\\nthen a third of the proper soil, then turn out the ball of earth\\nwith the pair of plants in it and, having placed it in the\\nmiddle at the proper depth, fill up all round, press the soil\\nto the ball of earth, and after adjusting it properly, and fill-\\ning up to within half-an-inch of the top edge, place the pot\\non a dry hard flooring, the object being twofold, to pre-\\nvent worms entering at the bottom hole and disarranging\\nthe soil, and to keep this hole, which is essential for drain-\\nage, from getting filled up, or in any way stopped, to prevent\\nthe egress of whatever superfluous water may reach the soil.\\nGo through the whole in this way, and then water freely,\\ntaking all possible precaution to prevent vermin from get-\\nting to the pots one plan is to raise shelves, with their\\nsupports standing in pans of water. When the stems rise\\nfor bloom, treat them in the same way as Pinks, in every\\nrespect, even to the flowering. The Carnation differs from\\nthe Picotee only in the disposition of the coloring the Car-\\nnation is striped or ribboned outwards, the Picotee is edged\\nor feathered inwards. It is a prevalent practice to put cards\\non the buds of the flowers, that the petals may be displayed\\non them as they open. For a list of the best varieties of\\nthese flowers, see the latest trade-lists.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0158.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. I4I\\nSweetwilliam (D. harhatus). This hardy perennial is\\nbest treated as a biennial, and raised annually from seeds,\\nexcept in the case of distinct and particularly handsome va-\\nrieties, which can only be increased by propagating from the\\nshoots produced from the root, and which may be either\\ntreated as cuttings or layers. The seeds should be sown in\\nJune in a bed of light open soil and, when the seedlings\\nhave formed a pair or two of leaves, they may be pricked\\nout three inches apart on a bed of Hght rich earth, in which\\nthey may grow till autumn, and will gain strength for flower-\\ning. In September or early in October, remove them with\\ngood balls of earth to the borders or beds where they are\\nto flower. For beds, this should be done annually j the old\\nroots being either destroyed after seed is secured, or trans-\\nplanted to the borders, or, in the case of new and striking\\nvarieties, removed and carefully propagated. In borders,\\nthe old roots, if vigorous enough, may be left to bloom\\nagain. Young plants reared from cuttings or layers may be\\ntreated exactly like seedlings. The best soil for the bloom-\\ning plants is a sandy loam well manured with decayed leaf-\\nmould and stable-dung. The varieties of different colors of\\nSvveetwilliam are now numerous but they are hardly ad-\\nvanced enough for selection by name.\\nD. arboreus (tree) half-hardy evergreen sub-shrub 2 feet\\nflowers pink, in July; Greece; 1820. D. ai hisaila (small\\ntree) half-hardy evergreen sub-shrub 18 inches flowers red,\\nin July; China; 1824. D. barbatiis (Sweetwilliam) hardy\\nperennial; 18 inches; flowers various, in July; Germany;\\n1573. D. caryophyllus (clove-pink); hardy perennial; 2 feet\\nflowers flesh-color, in June England D. Chinensis (Indian\\npink) half-hardy biennial i foot flowers various, in July\\nChina; 17 13. D. Heddewigii is a gigantic form of D. Chmen-\\nsis, introduced from Japan in 1859. D. fruticosus (shrubby)\\nhalf-hardy evergreen sub-shrub 3 feet flowers pink, in July", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0159.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "142 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nGreece; 1815. D. Heiidersoiiianus (Henderson s); hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers crimson, in July gardens. D. phuna-\\nrius (garden pink) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers white\\nand purple, in June England. D. suffmticosus (half-shrubby);\\nhalf-hardy evergreen sub-shrub; 18 inches; flowers pink, in\\nAugust; Siberia; 1804.\\nThere are about one hundred hardy perennial kinds,\\nvarying in height from 6 to 18 inches, and with flowers\\nusually white, pink, or flesh-colored. All of these are more\\nor less ornamental. D. deltoides is a fine plant for rock-\\nwork D. cruentus has brilliant red flow^ers D. Verscha-\\nfeldtii and Veitchii are very showy species if carefully grown.\\nDiAPENSiA. [Polemoneaceas.] A dwarf Alpine ever-\\ngreen, of diflicult culture.\\nD. Lappoiiica (Lapland) hardy shrub 4 inches flowers\\nwhite, in July Lapland North America 1801.\\nDiCTAMNUS. Fraxinella. [Rutaceae.] Showy hardy per-\\nennials, with leaves something like those of an ash-tree;\\nhence the nAVCiO. fraxinella, or little Fraxinus, the latter being\\nthe name of the Ash. They grow in common garden soil,\\npreferring loam. Propagated slowly by dividing the roots\\nor more readily by seeds, which should be sown as soon as\\nripe, in open beds.\\nD. albus (white) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white,\\nin June; Germany; 1596. D. angtistifpliiis (narrow-leaved);\\nhardy perennial; 3 feet; flowers lilac, in June; Altai; 1821.\\nD. fraxinella (fraxinella) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\npurple, in June Germany 1596.\\nDmiscus. [Umbelliferae.] A very pretty half-hardy an-\\nnual. Sow in April in a hot-bed, and plant out in the\\nborder in May. Rich light soil. Propagated by seed.\\nD. ccencleus (sky-blue) half-hardy annual 2 feet flowers\\npale-blue, in July New South Wales 1827.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0160.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 43\\nDiELYTRA. [Fumariacese.] Hardy herbaceous peren-\\nnials, with showy flowers, formerly called Fumaria. Rich\\ngarden soil. Increased by division. D. spectabilis the most\\nshowy of all, is propagated readily by cuttings of the young\\nshoots in spring, managed as dahlia cuttings, or by dividing\\nits tuberous roots.\\nD. bracteosa (bracted) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nwhite, in June; North America; 1823. D. Canadensis (Can-\\nadian) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in June North\\nAmerica; 18 19. D. cucidlaria (hooded); hardy perennial; 9\\ninches; flowers whitish, in May; North America; 1731. D.\\neximia (choice) hardy perennial i foot flowers red, in June\\nNorth America; 18 12. D.forinosa (handsome); hardy peren-\\nnial I foot; flowers red, in June North America 1796. D.\\nspeciosa (showy) hardy perennial i foot flowers flesh-color,\\nin June 18 10. D. spectabilis (!^^2^^!(\\\\iv^)\u00e2\u0080\u00a2, hardy tuberous per-\\nennial 2 feet flowers pink, in April north of China 1846.\\nD. temiifolia (slender-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\npink, in June Kamtschatka 1820.\\nThere is a white variety of D. spectabilis.\\nDiERViLLA. [Caprifoliacese.] A hardy native shrub,\\ngrowing freely anywhere, and increasing rapidly by suckers.\\nD. lutea (yellow) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJune; North America 1739.\\nDigitalis. Foxglove. [Scrophulariaceae.] Hardy peren-\\nnials, with a few biennial species, mostly showy or pretty\\nplants for the borders. The common Foxglove D. pur-\\npw-ea) is much esteemed as a garden flower, and is a very\\nhandsome plant. They are all increased readily by seeds.\\nSow in August if the seeds are ripe j if not, in April, on\\nmoderately good ground, and rather thinly thin the plants\\nto six inches apart those taken up, if required, may be\\nplanted elsewhere six inches apart but those not removed\\nwill be the strongest. The autumn-sown ones may be re-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0161.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "144 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nmoved in spring, with good balls of earth, to the places\\nwhere they are to flower the summer-sown crop are better\\ntransplanted early in autmnn. If the object is to improve\\nthe common or any other sorts, sow in beds, and thin out\\nthe plants as before, but leave the rest to bloom when\\nthey come into flower, pull up and destroy every thing com-\\nmon-place and mark the best for seed.\\nD. ambigua (ambiguous) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nlight-yellow, in July; Switzerland; 1596. D. aurea (golden);\\nhardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in July Greece 18 16.\\nD. eriostachya (woolly-spiked) hardy biennial 3 feet flowers\\nbrown and yellow, in July; Russia; 1827. D. femiginea\\n(rusty); hardy biennial; 4 feet; flowers red-brown, in July;\\nItaly; 1597. D. fiicescens (tawny); hardy perennial; 2 feet;\\nflowers red, in July Hungary 1823. D. laciniata (cut-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in June\\nSpain; 1827. D. lanata (woolly); hardy perennial; 2 feet;\\nflowers white and brown, in June Hungary; 1789. D. ochro-\\nlenca (yellowish) hardy perennial 4 feet flowers light-yel-\\nlow, in July Europe 1816. D. Orientalis (Eastern) hardy\\nperennial; 2 feet; flowers white, in June; Levant; 1820. D.\\npurpurea (common) hardy biennial 3 feet flowers rose-pur-\\nple or white, in June England. D. Thapsi (mullein) hardy\\nperennial; 2 feet; flowers purple, in June; Spain; 1752. D.\\ntomentosa (woolly) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers red, in\\nJuly; Portugal; 18 18.\\nDiNETUS. [Convolvulace^.] A pretty little convolvu-\\nlus-like twiner, thriving in light rich soil in summer. Pro-\\npagated by seeds.\\nD. race2?tosa (branched); annual climber; 12 feet; flowers\\nwhite, in August Nepaul 1823.\\nD. paiiicidata is a greenhouse evergreen climber.\\nDioscoREA. [Dioscoriacese.] Tuberous-rooted peren-\\nnials, mostly stove plants, but including two hardy species.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0162.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 45\\nD. batatas (the Chinese Yam) is a very ornamental climber\\nwith cinnamon-scented flowers and neat glossy foliage.\\nPropagated by offsets from root and bulblets produced on\\nbranches.\\nD. batatas (Chinese Yam); hardy perennial herbaceous\\nclimber 20 feet flowers greenish-white, in July China.\\nD. villosa (wild Yam) hardy perennial herbaceous climber\\n6 feet flowers greenish-yellow, in July North America.\\nDiosPYROS. [Ebenaceae.] The Persimmon of the Middle\\nand Southern States, useful as an ornamental tree, and of\\nsome value for fruit. The trees differ much in the quality\\nof the fruit, and this tree offers much opportunity for im-\\nprovement to the culturist and the time may come when\\nthe Persimmon will be a market-fruit. Rich deep soil. In-\\ncreased by seed.\\nD. Virgmia7za{Y\\\\rgmi2i) hardy tree 25 feet flowers green-\\nish-yellow, in June.\\nThe family is dioecious. There are many tender species.\\nDiPHYLLEiA. [Berberidaceae] A pretty hardy herba-\\nceous perennial, allied to Jeffersonia. Soil, sandy peat.\\nIncreased by division. Requires a shady situation.,\\nD. cymosa (cyme-flowered) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners white, in May North America 18 12.\\nDiPLACUs. [Scrophulariaces.] Greenhouse or half-hardy\\nshowy shrubs, related to Mimulus, and blooming tolerably\\nwell in the borders during summer if well established, or\\nif old plants are employed. Cuttings root readily in sandy\\nsoil, put in a frame or hand-glass, and the striking is\\nhastened by a little warmth. They may be potted in com-\\npost of loam, lightened with turfy soil, or leaf-mould and\\nsand. Like other free-growing subjects, the young plants\\nmust be shifted on, and frequently topped to keep them\\nbushy, until they get to a blooming size, or as large as may\\n10", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0163.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "146 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nbe required. If good plants are required, strong young\\nplants should be prepared through one summer for bloom-\\ning the following spring. Smaller plants, to bloom the same\\nyear, may be raised in spring.\\nD. ghitmostts (clammy) greenhouse sub-evergreen shrub 4\\nfeet; flowers orange-yellow, in summer California; 1794. D.\\npimiceiLs (scarlet) greenhouse sub-evergreen shrub 4 feet\\nflowers deep crimson, in summer; California 1837.\\nDiPLOPAPPUs. [Compositse.] Hardy or half-hardy per-\\nennials, some of them sub-shrubby, related to Aster. Com-\\nmon loamy soil. Increased by cuttings or by division.\\nDiRCA. [Thymelacese.] A hardy deciduous shrub, com-\\nmonly called Leatherwood, valuable for its early blooming.\\nCommon damp soil. Increased by layers.\\nD. pahistris (marsh) hardy shrub 5 feet flowers yellow, in\\nearly spring North America 1750.\\nDisPORUM. [Melanthaceae.] Half-hardy perennial, re-\\nquiring winter protection. Soil, sandy peat. Propagated\\nby division and seed.\\nD. fulviini (tawny) half-hardy perennial 18 inches flowers\\nbrown, in autumn; China; 1801. D. parvijlonun (small-flow-\\nered) half-hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in July\\nNepaul; 1820.\\nDittany. See Origanum.\\nDoDECATHEON. Ainericaii Cowslip. [Primulaceae.] Very\\npretty, early flowering, dwarf, perennial, herbaceous plants,\\nquite hardy preferring to be planted in a soil where there\\nis a good proportion of loam and peat earth, and requiring\\na cool situation. The flowers are in shape like a half-\\nopened inverted parasol. They are increased without diffi-\\nculty by dividing the roots. Seeds are also produced, from\\nwhich young plants may be raised by the same process as\\nin raising seedlings of the Auricula, except that, when large", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0164.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FL0V7ERS. 147\\nenough, these may be planted out in the open ground.\\nThere are several varieties of the Common or Mead s Vir-\\nginian Cowslip, differing in the size and color of their flowers.\\nD. integrifoliiim (entire-leaved) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers pale-purple, in May; North America; 1829. D. Media\\n(Mead s) hardy perennial i foot flowers rose-lilac, in May\\nVirginia; 1744.\\nDog s-Bane. See Apocynum.\\nDog s -Tooth Violet. See Erythronium.\\nDoRONicuM. Leopard s-B am. [Compositae.] Showy\\nhardy herbaceous plants, with large yellow flowers. They\\nare propagated easily by dividing the roots in autumn or\\nspring, and grow in any ordinary garden soil. Except for\\nthe variation of the blooming season, there is scarcely dif-\\nference enough in their appearance to render it necessary to\\ncultivate more than one species.\\nD. Altaicuin (Altaic) hardy perennial i foot flowers white,\\nin June Siberia 1783. D. Austriacum (Austrian) hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers yellow in May Austria 1816. D. Caii-\\ncasicum (Caucasian) hardy perennial i foot flowers yellow,\\nin June Caucasus 1815. D. cordifoliiuit (heart-leaved); hardy\\nperennial; 1 foot; flowers yellow, in May; Russia; 1838. D.\\nniacrophyllum (large-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nyellow, in July; Caucasus; 1828. D. PardaliancJies (great);\\nhardy perennial 2^ feet flowers yellow, in May; England. D.\\nplantagineitjji (plantain-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nyellow, in May; south of Europe 1570.\\nDoRYCNiUM. [Leguminosas.] Hardy and half-hardy per-\\nennial and sub-shrubby plants, of little beauty. Soil, com-\\nmon loam. Propagated by seeds.\\nD. herbaceiim (herbaceous) hardy perennial 18 inches flow-\\ners white, in July south of Europe 1802. D. hirsiUiun (hairy)\\nhardy evergreen sub- shrub 3 feet; flowers red and white, in\\nJuly; south of Europe; 1682. D. siiffnUicosuj?i (sub-shrubby);", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0165.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "148 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nhalf-hardy sub-shrub 18 inches; flowers white, in July south\\nof Europe 1640. D. tojueiitosiwi (woolly) hardy evergreen\\nsub-shrub 3 feet flowers red and white, in July south of\\nEurope 18 17.\\nDraba. [Cruciferos.] Hardy perennials, of low growth\\nand easy culture, well suited for rock-work. Increased by\\ndivision. There are about forty perennial species, all dwarf,\\nmostly with white flowers.\\nDracocephalum. Dragon s-Head. [Labiatae.] The\\nhardy perennial species of this genus are pretty border flow-\\ners, not particular as to soil. They are propagated by di-\\nvision of the root. The hardy annual species may be sown\\nin the open border in May.\\nD. Altaicnse (Altaian); hardy perennial; 6 inches; flowers\\npurple, in July; Georgia; 1787. D. Argimense (Fischer s); hardy\\nperennial; 18 inches flowers blue, in July; Siberia; 1822. D.\\nAtistriaciim (Austrian); hardy perennial i foot; flowers blue,\\nJuly; Austria; 1547. D. canescens (hoary); hardy annual; 2\\nfeet; flowers blue, in July; Levant; 171 1. D. grandifloriiDi\\n(large-flowered) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue, in July\\nSiberia; 1759. Mexicanuni (Mexican); hardy perennial 2\\nfeet; flowers blue, in June; Mexico; 1832. D. Moldavicum\\n(Moldavian Balm) hardy annual 2 feet flowers blue or white,\\nin July Moldavia 1596. D. peregrimim (foreign) hardy per-\\nennial 9 inches flowers blue, in July Siberia; 1759. D.pi7i-\\nnatiwi (pinnate-leaved) hardy perennial, prostrate flowers blue,\\nin June; Siberia; 1822. D. Ruyschianum (Ruysch s) hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers blue, in July north of Europe 1699.\\nDracopis. [Compositae.] A hardy annual, allied to Rud-\\nbeckia. Propagated by seeds sown in May in good garden\\nsoil.\\nD, a7nplexicai{lis (stem-clasping) hardy annual 3 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in July Louisiana 1793.\\nDracunculus. [Araceae.] Hardy herbaceous peren-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0166.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 49\\nnials, with a very curious-looking inflorescence. Loamy\\nsoil. Propagated by division of the roots.\\nD. crinituin (hairy) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nbrownish-purple, in April; Minorca; 1777. D. vulgare (com-\\nmon Dragon hardy perennial) 2 feet flowers brownish-pur-\\nple, in June south of Europe 1548.\\nDragon s-Head. See Dracocephalum.\\nDrosera. Sundew. [Droseraceae.] Curious little her-\\nbaceous plants, seldom seen in cultivation. There are four\\nnative species, and numerous others inhabiting various parts\\nof the world. They should be planted in chopped sphag-\\nnum moss mixed with a third part of sandy peat soil, and\\nshould always be kept wet. Propagated by seeds.\\nDrummondia. [Saxifragaceae.] A hardy herbaceous\\nperennial, suitable for rock-work. Soil, dryish sandy loam.\\nIncreased by division of the plant.\\nD. 7)iitelloides (mitella-like) hardy herbaceous perennial 6\\ninches flowers yellowish, in July; Rocky Mountains 1827.\\nAlso called Metellopsis.\\nDryas. [Rosaceae.] Small hardy or half-hardy sub-her-\\nbaceous plants, with white flowers. Peat soil, with slight\\nprotection in winter. Propagated by cuttings under a hand-\\nglass, by division, or by seeds.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0169.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "ECHINACEA. [Compositae.] Large-growing, half-hardy\\nperennials, of the habit of Rudbeckia, and requiring\\nsimilar treatment. Common garden soil. Propagated by\\ndivision.\\nE. Dicksoni (Dickson s); hardy perennial; i foot; flowers\\nhlac, in August; Mexico; 1836. E. heterophylla (various-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers purple, in October\\nMexico 1829. E. intermedia (intermediate) hardy perennial\\n3 feet flowers rose-purple, in July Mexico 1826. E. purpu-\\nrea (purple) hardy perennial 4 feet flowers red, in Septem-\\nber North America, 1699.\\nEccREMOCARPUS. See Calampelis.\\nEcHiNOPS. Globe Thistle. [Composite.] Coarse hardy\\nperennials or biennials, remarkable for their spheroidal this-\\ntle-like flower-heads. Common soil. The perennials in-\\ncreased by division the biennials by seeds.\\nE. Barmaticus albus (Hungarian white) hardy biennial 4\\nfeet; flowers white, in August; Hungary; 1832. E. exaltatus\\n(tall) hardy perennial 6 feet flowers white, in July Austria\\n1817. E. Persicus (Persian); hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nwhite, in August; Persia; 1821. E. Ritro (small); hardy per-\\nennial 3 feet; flowers blue, in July; Europe; 1570. E. Ru-\\ntheuicus (Russian); hardy perennial 3 feet; flowers blue, in July;\\nRussia; 18 16. E. spinosus (spiny); hardy perennial; 4 feet;\\nflowers white, in July; Egypt; 1597. E. tenuifolius (slender-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue, in August Rus-\\nsia 1820.\\nThere are many other species.\\n150", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0170.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS\\n1 hardly j.iu\\\\uals, bjciujiuib. aiv ai^, aud\\nouse evergreen slirubs: The .:ts rr,v\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2mmon garden soil, and are all best propagated b\\ni he greenhouse species require sandy loam and pcai, and\\narf increased by seeds or cutdngs, and require to he ^.e:^\\natmosphere during winter. Some\\n.v-tv 11. r.iiuS are Sh-^ j;\\nthe hardv kinds are of lit", "height": "1164", "width": "2205", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0171.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. I5I\\nEcHiUM. Vipet^s Bugloss. [Boraginaceae.] A large ge-\\nnus of hardy annuals, biennials, and perennials, and of\\ngreenhouse evergreen shrubs. The hardy sorts grow in\\ncommon garden soil, and are all best propagated by seeds.\\nThe greenhouse species require sandy loam and peat, and\\nare increased by seeds or cuttings, and require to be kept\\nin a rather dry atmosphere during winter. Some of the\\ngreenhouse kinds are showy, though not of good habit but\\nthe hardy kinds are of little value for ornamental purposes.\\nHardy Annuals. E. angiistifolimn (narrow-leaved) flow-\\ners blush, in July Spain; 1826. E. arenarium (sand-inhabit-\\ning); flowers purple, in July; Calabria; 1826. E. calycimwi\\n(large-calyxed) flowers blue and yellow, in July south of Eu-\\nrope 1829. E. inacranthiun (large-flowered); i foot; flowers\\nviolet, in July; Barbary 1818. E. Siinsii (Sims flowers red\\nand blue, in August south of Europe 18 16.\\nHardy Biennials. E. amcenum (agreeable); flowers blue,\\nin July Caucasus 1826. E. asperrimiun (very rough) flowers\\nblue, in July; Caucasus; 1826. E. Dahitric2iin (Dahurian)\\nflowers blue, in July; Dahuria; 1827. E. Italicum (Italian);\\n4 feet flowers white, in July Jersey. E. Sibthorpii (Sib-\\nthorp s) I foot flowers red, in June Europe 1824. E. tenue\\n(slender) i foot flowers blue, in July Sicily 1824. E. tiiber-\\nadatiun (pimpled) i foot flowers violet, in August Spain\\n1820. E.violaccum (violet-flowered); 3 feet; flowers blue, in\\nJune; Austria; 1658. E. vulgare flore-albo (common white-\\nflowered) I foot flowers white, in July Britain.\\nEgg-Plant. See Solanum.\\nEglantine. See Rosa.\\nEl^agnus. Oleaster. [Elseagnacese.] A genus of shrubs\\nwith silvery foHage, consisting chiefly of hardy deciduous\\nspecies, with a few greenhouse evergreens. For the former,\\nwhich are useful in shrubberies, the common garden soil\\nwill suffice and they are increased by seeds, cuttings, or\\nlayers. The latter should have loam, with a third peat or", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0173.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "152 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nleaf-mould, and a portion of sand, and are increased by\\ncuttings.\\nE. argentetis (silvery) hardy shrub 10 feet North Ameri-\\nca; 1813.\\nElder. See Sambucus.\\nElecampane. See Inula.\\nElm. See Ulmus.\\nEnchanter s Nightshade. See Circ^a.\\nEpig^a. [Ericaceae.] A lovely little procumbent ever-\\ngreen shrub. The plant has a creeping stem, which spreads\\nby degrees over the ground, rooting as it extends. It re-\\nquires a bed of peat soil, and a cool, shady, somewhat moist\\nsituation. If planted between Rhododendrons, in situations\\nwhere these thrive, if they do not too far shade the surface,\\nthe Epigaea would flourish.\\nE. repe7is (creeping) hardy evergreen shrub 6 inches flow-\\ners white, in April; North America 1736. The variety 7-ubi-\\ncunda has flowers of a beautiful rose-red, and blooms in April.\\nEpilobium. See Chamcenerium.\\nEpimedium. Barrenwort. [Berberidaceae.] Dwarf hardy\\nperennials, suitable for rock-work or for pot culture. They\\nlike a soil of mellow loam and peat, in equal proportions,\\nmixed with an eighth of sand. On rock-work, they should\\nbe planted in similar soil. They are quite hardy. Division\\nof the root is the most ready means of propagating them,\\nand this should be attended to soon after they have done\\nflowering, that the plants may get well established before\\nwinter.\\nE. Aipimcm (Alpine) hardy perennial, 9 inches flowers red\\nand yellow, in May England. E. diphyllum (two-leaved)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers white, in May; Japan 1830.\\nE. hexandrwn (six-anthered) hardy perennial 9 inches flow-\\ners lilac, in May; North America; 1827. E. macra?tthum", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0174.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 53\\n(large-flowered) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers whitish, in\\nMay; Japan; 1835. E. Musschiaimm (Mussch s) hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers white, in May Japan 1838. E. piruta-\\ntiim (pinnate) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers yellow, in\\nMay; Persia; 1848. E. violaceimi (violet); hardy perennial;\\n9 inches flowers violet-color, in May Japan 1835.\\nEquisetum. Horsetail. [Equisetaceae.] Hardy herba-\\nceous perennials of singular appearance, associating well\\nwith Ferns and Lycopodiums about damp, shady rock-work.\\nThey mostly prefer peaty soil and a damp situation, and are\\nincreased by division of the root.\\nEragrostis. [Graminaces.] A family of ornamental\\ngrasses, succeeding in common garden soil. E. elegans^\\nNamaqueiisis, cylmdrifolia^ and megastachya are the species.\\nEranthis. Winter Acoiiite. [Ranunculacese.] The\\nWinter Aconite is one of those simple flowers which please\\nmore on account of the season of their appearance than\\ntheir beauty. It begins to bloom in earliest spring, often\\namidst frost and snow, and for a long time continues to\\ndecorate the garden and shrubbery. It is altogether not\\nmore than three inches high, the flowers being seated one\\non each pair of flat-lobed leaves, which terminate the stalk.\\nThey look like little yellow cups with their bases surrounded\\nby green frills. It is tuberous, and only requires to be\\nplanted in the soil and left to itself. Planted just within\\nthe margin of a flower-bed, it interferes with nothing and,\\nif placed thick enough, makes a conspicuous edging for\\nsome time. It is also very well placed in patches among\\nshrubs, or in any other wilderness scenery, which it serves\\nto enliven at a dreary season.\\nE. hiemalis (winter) hardy tuberous perennial 3 inches\\nflowers yellow, in April; England. E. Siberica (Siberian);\\nhardy tuberous perennial 3 inches flowers yellow, in April\\nSiberia; 1826.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0175.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "154 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nEremostachys. Desert Rod. [Labiatse.] Hardy her-\\nbaceous perennial, requiring protection from wet in winter,\\nand a sandy loamy soil. It is best to preserve some plants\\nin pots in a dry frame during winter. Increased only by\\nseeds.\\nE. laciniata (jagged) hardy perennial 4 feet flowers sul-\\nphur-yellow and orange-brown, in July Caucasus 1731.\\nErigeron. [Compositae.] Hardy plants, comprising\\nannuals, biennials, and perennials. Some of the latter may\\nbe grown in borders or on rock-work, but they are not very\\nimportant. All grow freely in common garden soil. The\\nperennials are increased by division, the annuals and bien-\\nnials by seeds.\\nE. anno icefolmm (thrift-leaved) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers purple, in June Dahuria 1829. E. aspcnun (rough);\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers white, in August North Amer-\\nica 1828. E. Chinensis (Chinese) hardy annual i foot flow-\\ners white, in July; China; 181 8. E. glabelhtni (smoothish)\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers bluish, in July North Amer-\\nica 1825. E. humile (dwarf) hardy perennial 3 inches flow-\\ners flesh-color, in August North America; 1828. E. LeJwianni\\n(Lehmann s); hardy annual; 2 feet flowers hlac, in July; Egypt;\\n1828. E. pubescens (downy); hardy perennial i foot; flowers\\nwhite, in July Mexico 1827. E. Villarsii (Attic) hardy per-\\nennial 18 inches flowers purple, in July Attica 18 16.\\nErinosma. [Amaryllidaceae.] A beautiful little hardy\\nbulb. Soil, sandy loam. Increased by offsets. More com-\\nmonly called Leucojum.\\nE. verna (spring) hardy bulb 9 inches flowers white, in\\nFebruary; Germany; 1596. There are two varieties, called\\nCarpatica and multiplex.\\nErinus. [Scrophulariacege.] This genus contains some\\ndwarf hardy perennials, which form beautiful objects for\\npot-culture among alpine plants, as well as for rock-work.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0176.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 155\\nThey prefer light and rather sandy soil. When grown in\\npots, they should have the protection usually given to al-\\npines, which consists mainly in plunging the pots to prevent\\nfrosts from acting on the roots, and in shielding off heavy\\nrains, which saturate the soil, and sometimes, if the drainage\\ngets deranged, become conducive to the decay of the plants\\nby rotting the roots and root-stocks. They are increased by\\ndivision, which should be done about July or August, or\\nby seeds sown as soon as they ripen. The greenhouse sub-\\nshrubby species are referred to Nycterinia.\\nE.Alpimis (smooth); hardy perennial; 3 inches; flowers rose-\\npurple, in April Pyrenees 1739. Hispanicus (hairy) hardy\\nperennial 6 inches flowers rose-color, in March Spain 1739.\\nThese plants are half-hardy in the Northern States.\\nEriogonum. [Polygonaceae.] Half-hardy herbaceous\\nperennials, increased by division and seed. Soil, peat}\\nloam.\\nE. composition (compound) hardy perennial 18 inches\\nflowers yellowish-white, in May North America. E. longi-\\nfoliiwi (long-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow,\\nin June; North America; 1824. E. sericeiim (silky); hardy\\nperennial; i foot; flowers yellow, in July; Missouri; 181 1.\\nE. to?nentosuin (downy) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nwhite, in May Carolina 1 8 1 1\\nEriophorum. Cotton-grass. [Cyperaceae.] Very pretty\\nhardy herbaceous perennials, producing heads of silvery\\nwhite plumes, which might be effective planted in low\\nground. Increased by division and seed. Soil, wet loamy\\npeat.\\nErophila. [Cruciferae.] Hardy annuals, allied to Draba,\\ngrowing from seed, in. garden soil. Flowers white. The\\nspecies are E. Americana^, precox, and vulgaris.\\nEryngium. [Umbelliferse.] A curious genus of peren-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0177.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "156 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nnials, generally hardy, remarkable for the colored bracts of\\nthe involucre, which constitute the showy part of their in-\\nflorescence. They are desirable among hardy herbaceous\\nsubjects, the prevailing color being blue. They belong, in\\ntruth, to the umbelliferous order, without having any ex-\\nternal resemblance to that class of forms so familiar in the\\nParsley, the Celery, the Carrot, and the Fennel. They are\\nraised from seeds, which, like those of other perennials, may\\nbe sown in May either in pots or in a bed. The young\\nplants, if nursed into strength, will bloom the following year\\nbut, usually, the old plants are the best if they are kept in\\nvigor. They are not very particular as to soil but a deep\\nsandy loam is best.\\nE. Alpiimm (Alpine) hardy perennial 2 feet flower-heads\\nblue, in July Switzerland 1597. E. aviethysthuim (ame-\\nthystine) hardy perennial 3 feet flower-heads blue, in July\\nStyria 1648. E. Bourgati (Bourgati s) hardy perennial 2\\nfeet; flower-heads blue, in July; south of France; 1731. E.\\nc(Bruleu7n (sky-blue) hardy perennial 2 feet flower-heads\\nblue, in July; Caspian; 18 16. E. giganteiwi (giant); hardy\\nperennial 4 feet flower-heads blue, in July Caucasus 1820.\\nE. plaimin (flat-leaved) hardy perennial 3 feet flower-heads\\nblue, in July Europe; 1596.\\nThere are numerous other hardy perennial species.\\nErysimum. Hedge Mustard. [Cruciferae.] Hardy plants,\\nchiefly biennial, those which are cultivated being treated as\\nannuals the majority are uninteresting objects. E. Peroff-\\nskianuin is, however, a very brilliant-flowered plant, well\\nadapted for beds in gardens indeed, there is hardly any\\nother plant which furnishes the color, an intense orange.\\nIt is perfectly hardy, and, if sown in the spring, will bloom\\nin June and July. It will bloom much earlier if sown in\\npots like a half-hardy annual, and turned out in May for it\\nwill then begin flowering in the pots in May. The plant is", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0178.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n157\\ntoo small for planting out, but should be sown where it is to\\nflower. If it comes up too thick, let it be properly thinned\\nbut, unless it is tolerably close, it makes no show, and would\\nfail as a bed plant. It looks well in patches round a bor-\\nder, and in pots among other dwarf blooming plants, be-\\ncause its color is uncommon indeed, but for its color, it\\nwould not be cultivated for its habit is weed-like.\\nE. Peroffskiamwi (Peroffski s) hardy annual; i8 inches;\\nflowers orange, in May; Palestine; 1838.\\nErythrina. Coral-tree. [Leguminosae.] These showy\\nstove shrubs will bloom well if planted in a rich sunny bor-\\nder in spring. On the approach of frosty weather, place the\\nplants in the cellar, or under a greenhouse stage.\\nE. Bidivillii (Bidwill s) greenhouse or stove perennial 3\\nfeet flowers crimson, in June Sydney 1840. E. crista-\\n(cock s-comb) stove shrub; 10 feet; flowers crimson, in\\nJune; Brazil; 1771. jE /z ?r^^^^^ (herbaceous) half-hardy per-\\nennial 3 feet flowers crimson, in July; Carolina; 1824. E.\\nlaurifolia (laurel-leaved) stove sub-shrub 6 feet flowers\\nscarlet, in July South America 1800.\\nE. Maria Belanger is a fine hybrid species, with dazzling\\nscarlet flowers. E. Belangeri^ floribunda^ and ruberrima are\\nnew hybrids.\\nErythrol^na. [Compositae.] The prettiest of all the\\nThistles. Sow the seeds in April. It should be treated as a\\nbiennial, or not allowed to seed. The young plants should\\nbe kept over the winter in frames, and planted out in May in\\nbeds, where they will rise with numerous branches crowned\\nwith scarlet thistle-looking flowers.\\nE. conspicua (conspicuous) 8 feet flowers scarlet and or-\\nange, in September Mexico; 1825.\\nErythroniUxM. Dog s-tooth Violet. [Liliaceae.] Pretty\\ndwarf, hardy, spring-flowering herbaceous perennials, with", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0179.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "158 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ntuberous roots. They grow in good garden soil, preferring\\na good proportion of peat earth. Increased readily by offsets.\\nE. albidui7i (whitish) hardy tuber 3 inches flowers white,\\nin April North America 1824. E. Ai7iericami7ii (American)\\nhardy tuber 3 inches flowers yellow, in April North Amer-\\nica 1665. E. Dens-canis (Dog s-tooth) hardy tuber 3\\ninches; flowers purphsh or whitish, in March; Europe; 1596.\\nE. gra7idifloru7n (large-flowered) hardy tuber 3 inches flow-\\ners yellow, in April North America 1826.\\nEscHSCHOLTziA. [Papaveraceae.] Hardy perennials, which\\nmay be cultivated as annuals. The plants are procumbent,\\nand form a low dense branching mass, abundantly furnished\\nwith large poppy-like flowers, much more showy than neat.\\nIt is one of those flowers which always look untid}^, and owes\\nits place in the garden to its bright color and large blos-\\nsoms. The seed may be sown in early spring where it is to\\ngrow, and, when the plants come up too close together, they\\nmust be thinned out. The plant has a tap-root like a small\\ncarrot. There may be two complete seasons of bloom for,\\nif the seed be sown in autumn, it will come up, and, unless\\nthe frost be very severe, stand through the winter, and bloom\\nearly. If the plants are allowed to shed their seed, the\\nplace will be overrun as with a weed and, where it has once\\nbeen sown or planted, it will afterwards require only to be\\nthinned for hundreds of plants will come up. It makes a\\nvery brilliant appearance in fine weather, and especially\\nwhen contrasted with the blue of the Convolvulus or Lark-\\nspur, and the scarlets and purples of other flowers. The\\ngenus has been called Chryseis.\\nE. Calif 0} 7iica (Cahfornia) hardy perennial; 18 inches;\\nflowers yellow and orange, or white, in June California; 1826.\\nA white-flowered variety of this is in cultivation and it is in-\\ndeed probable that the plants called E. crocea and co77ipacta are\\nnew varieties of E. Califoniica. E. co77ipacta (compact) hardy", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0180.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 59\\nperennial; i foot; flowers yellow, in July; California; 1833.\\nE. crocea (saffron- colored) hardy perennial 18 inches; flow-\\ners orange, in June California 1833. E. temiifolia (slender)\\nhardy annual i foot; flowers yellow, in July California; 1853.\\nEucHARiDiUM. [Onagraceae.J Hardy annuals, allied to\\nClarkia, and requiring the same treatment. Sow in the\\nopen border in May.\\nE. C07icimt2cm (neat) hardy annual i foot flowers rosy, in\\nJune; North America; 1836. E. graiidiflorum (large-flow-\\nered) hardy annual i foot flowers rose-colored, in June\\ngarden variety.\\nEucNiDE. [Loasaceae.] A pretty half-hardy annual, suc-\\nceeding well in garden soil. Sow in May, or in a frame, and\\ntransplant.\\nE. bartonoides (bartonia-like) half-hardy annual i foot\\nflowers yellow, in August Mexico.\\nEuoNYMUS. Spindle-tree. [Celastraceae.] A genus of\\nhardy shrubs, of which E. yaponicus^ and a striped variety,\\nare fine evergreens with ornamental foliage, but are not\\nhardy in the Northern States. They grow in common gar-\\nden soil, and increase by layers or cuttings planted under\\nhand-glasses. The deciduous kinds are proper for shrub-\\nberies they are not remarkable for beauty in the flowers,\\nbut are ornamental in autumn, from the profusion of three-\\ncornered scarlet fruit which they produce.\\nOrnamental Evergreens. E. Chinoisisj E. grandijlo-\\nriis; E. Japoiiiciis^ and its varieties maciilatiis and variegatus.\\nOrnamental Deciduous Shrubs.\u00e2\u0080\u0094^. Amei-icanus E.\\natropiirpttreus J E. Europceus j E. HamiltoitiajiiLs j E. latifo-\\nlius J E. verrucosus.\\nEupatorium. Compositae. A family of stove and\\nhardy herbaceous plants. The hardy species do well in any\\nrich garden soil, and are propagated by division.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0181.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "l6o GARDEN FLOWTERS.\\nE, ageratoides (ageratum-like) 4 feet flowers white, in Au-\\ngust North America 1640. E. altissimuin (tallest) 5 feet\\nflowers pink, in September; North America; 1699. E. aro-\\nmaticuiJi (aromatic); 4 feet; flowers white, in July; North Amer-\\nica 1739. cannabimim (hemp-like,) (Agrimony); 4 feet\\nflowers pink, in July Britain. E. coronopifoliiun (coronopus-\\nleaved) 3 feet flowers white, in August Carolina 1824. E.\\nfcEniculacetujz (fennel-leaved) 4 feet flowers pale yellow,\\nin August; North America; 1807, E. Eraser i {\u00c2\u00a5x2. s q.x s) 18\\ninches; flowers white, in August Carolina; 1820. E.hyssopi-\\nfolunii (hyssop-leaved) i foot flowers white, in August\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2North America; 1699. E. laiiceolatiun (spear-head-leaved);\\n3 feet flowers white, in July North America 1819. E. niac-\\nulatuin (spotted-stalked) 3 feet flowers purple, in July North\\nAmerica 1656. E. perfoliatmn (pierced-leaved) 2 feet\\nflowers white, in July; North America; 1699. E. pubescens\\n(downy) 4 feet flowers white, in July North America 18 19.\\nE. purpiireum (purple-stalked) 5 feet flowers pink, in August;\\nNorth America; 16 10. E. rotiuidifolium (round-leaved); i\\nfoot flowers white, in July North America 1699. E.sessili-\\nfolium (stalkless-leaved) i foot flowers white, in September\\nNorth America 1777. E. Syriacum (Syrian); 4 feet flowers\\npurple, in August Syria 1807. E trifoliatum (three-leaved)\\n6 feet flowers purple, in August; North America; 1768. E\\ntruncation (cut-off); 18 inches; flowers white, in September;\\nNorth America 1800. E.verticillatum{vj\\\\\\\\0Y\\\\-\\\\Q2XQdi) 5 feet;\\nflowers purple, in August North America 181 1.\\nEuphorbia. [Euphorbiaceae.] A very large family, in-\\ncluding some hardy herbaceous perennials, and a few hardy\\nannuals. They thrive in common garden soil, and are in-\\ncreased by seed or division, but are not very desirable. E.\\nvarkgata is a showy annual.\\nEuphrasia. Eye Bright. [Scrophulariaceae.] Hardy\\nannuals, thriving in the border, from seeds sown in May.\\nE. Alpina (Alpine) hardy annual i foot flowers purple, in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0182.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. l6l\\nJuly Europe 1827. E. linifolia (flax-leaved) hardy annual\\n9 inches flowers purple, in August; France; 1826. E. lutea\\n(yellow) hardy annual 18 inches flowers purple, in August\\nsouth of Europe 1818.\\nEusTOMA. [Gentianacese.] A genus comprising a green-\\nhouse herbaceous plant, a border half-hardy biennial, and an\\nannual growing in loamy soil, and propagated by division\\nand seeds.\\nE. exaltatttmj greenhouse herbaceous plant. E. Rtisselleamwi\\n(Russell s) half-hardy biennial flowers purple, in August\\nTexas 1835. silenefolia (catchfly-leaved) hardy annual\\nI foot flowers white, in July Isle of Providence 1804.\\nEuTOCA. [Hydrophyllaceae.] Hardy annual plants, of\\neasy culture. Sow in April on a slight hot-bed, for trans-\\nplanting, and in May in the open borders.\\nE. divaricata (straggling) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nbluish-lilac, in June; California; 1834. E. Afenziesu (Men-\\nzies hardy annual i foot flowers bluish-lilac, in May North\\nAmerica; 1826. E. viscida (clammy); hardy annual; 2 feet;\\nflowers blue, in June California 1834. E. Wrangeliaiia\\n(Wrangel s) hardy annual i foot flowers dark bluish-lilac, in\\nJune California 1835.\\nEvening Primrose. See CEnothera.\\nEverlasting Flower. See Gnaphalium and Heli-\\nCHRYSUM.\\nEverlasting Pea. See Lathyrus.\\nExACUM. [Gentian acese.] A family of hardy annuals,\\nallied to Chironia, flourishing in peat} moist soil, and pro-\\npagated by seed sown in May. The species are E. macran-\\nt/iu7n, piilcheilum, tetragomim^ and bicolor.\\nExOGONiUM. [Convolvulace^.] A division of the old\\nfamily Ipomoea. E. purga^ a very handsome slender\\nclimber, bearing rosy-purplish blossoms through the autumn\\nmonths, is the source of the drug Jalap. The plant has a\\nII", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0183.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "1 62\\nGARDEN FLOWERS.\\nfleshy root, which is very liable to decay in winter, if kept too\\ndamp. The best place to keep the root is in a cool part of\\nthe greenhouse, in the soil, which should be nearly, but not\\nquite, dry. In the spring, the crown may be excited slowly\\nin a greenhouse, or close frame but, as the summer draws\\non, the plant will grow freely enough in the open air, where\\nit should have a branchy stake, or a trellis six or eight feet\\nhigh. It may be kept in a pot trained around stakes, cylin-\\nder-fashion, and may be increased by cuttings. The flowers\\nof this kind are less funnel-shaped than is usual among the\\nplants of this order.\\nuE ._/f/{/27r;;^^ (thread-shaped) stove twining perennial, lo feet\\nflowers purple, in October; West Indies; 1823. E. purga\\n(purgative) jalap tuberous twining perennial 10 feet flowers\\nrose-color, in September Mexico 1838. E. repandum (wavy-\\nedged) stove twining perennial flowers red, in August West\\nIndies; 1793.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0184.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "TRAGUS. Beech. [Corylaceae.] A family of well-known\\nornamental trees, propagated by seed, and the varieties\\nby grafting. They thrive in any good soil. The species and\\nvarieties are\\nEvergreens. F. betuloides (birch-like) hardy 50 feet\\nMagellan 1830. F. C2nmmgha7nu {Cunnmghdim. s) half-hardy;\\nNew Zealand 1843.\\nHardy Deciduous. F. aiitarctica (antarctic); 50 feet; Ma-\\ngellan; 1830. F. castancEfolia (chestnut-leaved); flowers in\\nJune North America F. comptoiiiasfolia (comptonia-leaved)\\nflowers in May. F. ferruginea (American rusty) 30 feet\\nflowers in June North America 1766. F. ferruginea Caroli-\\nniana (Carolina) Carolina. F. purpurea (purple) flowers in\\nApril Germany. F. sylvatica (common wood) 70 feet flowers\\nin June Britain. F. sylvatica A7ner icana (American) 100\\nfeet flowers in May North America. F. sylvatica atrorubens\\n(dark-red-leaved) 30 feet flowers in June. F. sylvatica cristata\\n(crested-leaved) 30 feet flowers in May. F. sylvatica cuprea\\n(copper-colored-leaved) 70 feet flowers in May. F. sylvatica\\nfoliis argeiiteis (silver-leaved) flowers in May. F. sylvatica\\nfoliis aureis (golden-leaved) flowers in June. F. sylvatica\\nheterophylla (various-leaved) 40 feet flowers in April and May.\\nF. sylvatica incis a {zMi-\\\\t2iN^6.) 10 feet; flowers in June. F.\\nsylvatica pejtdula (pendulous) flowers in May gardens.\\nFeather-Grass. See Stipa.\\nFedia. [Valerianaceae.] A genus of hardy annuals,\\nallied to Centranthus, which are rather pretty garden plants.\\nSown in pots about April, and planted out subsequently, the\\n163", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0187.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "164 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nplants bloom in June but if sown in the open ground, in\\nMay, they bloom in July in either case continuing in flower\\nfor some time. Planted moderately thick, they form good\\nbedding-plants. Light, rich garden soil.\\nF. graciliflora (slender-flowered) hardy annual i foot\\nflowers pinkish, in June Algiers 1845. F. cormicopice (cornu-\\ncopia) hardy annual i foot flowers red, in July south of\\nEurope 1 796.\\nFelicia. [Compositae.] A small genus, containing a\\nneat dwarf half-hardy annual. Soil, rich light garden mould.\\nIncreased by seeds. Sow in April, in pots, in a frame, and\\nin May in the borders. It is known as Aster tenellus.\\nF. tenella (slender) half-hardy annual 9 inches flowers\\nbluish-hlac, in June Cape 1769.\\nFennel-Flower. See Nigella.\\nFenzlia. [Polemoniaceae.] A pretty hardy annual from\\nCalifornia, sometimes called Dianthoidis. Soil, sandy loam.\\nThe plants may be sown in a hot-bed in April, and trans-\\nplanted to the border, or in the open border in May. Pro-\\npagated by seed.\\nF. dianthijlora (pink-flowered) hardy annual 4 inches\\nflowers purple and yellow, in June California 1833.\\nFerula. Giant Femiel. [Umbelliferae.] Large-growing\\nhardy perennials, not often seen in cultivation, but, on account\\nof their noble appearance, well adapted for conspicuous\\npositions in mixed borders, or even as specimen jDlants on a\\nlawn. The foliage of several of the kinds is very large, and\\nis made up of an immense number of little parts, varying in\\nwidth and shape in different kinds. The flower-stems rise\\nfrom a large tuft of these leaves to the height of six to eight\\nfeet, and bear numerous umbels of yellow flowers. The\\nspecies especially alluded to as deserving of cultivation are\\nF. Tingita?ia, Ferulago, and glauca, the former having the", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0188.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 65\\ndivisions of the leaf small but egg-shaped, with notched mar-\\ngins, and a shining surface the two latter, smaller and nar-\\nrower. They like a dryish deep soil, the roots being large,\\nfleshy, and penetrating deeply, and abounding moreover in\\na gum-resinous matter, which, in several of the species, is\\nemployed medicinally.\\nF. Feritlago (Ferulago) hardy perennial 6 feet flowers\\nyellow, in June south of Europe. F. glauca (glaucous) hardy\\nperennial; 8 feet; flowers yellow, in June; Italy; 1596. F.\\nTingitana (Tangiers) hardy perennial 8 feet flowers yellow,\\nin June Barbary 1680.\\nThere are some twenty other species.\\nFeverfew. See Pyrethrum.\\nFiCARiA. [Ranunculaceae.] A genus of pretty little\\nearly-flowering plants, allied to Ranunculus. Easily propa-\\ngated by division of the tuberous roots in spring. A moist\\nshady situation is best adapted for them.\\nF. vema (spring) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers yeHow\\nin May England. F. vema pallida (pale-flowered) has pale\\nyellow flowers. F. vema plena (double-flowered) has double\\nflowers.\\nFilbert. See Corylus.\\nFir. See Abies, Pinus, Picea.\\nFitzroya. [Coniferae.] Fine hardy evergreen trees.\\nSoil, sandy loam. Increased by seeds or cuttings.\\nF. Patagonica (Patagonian) hardy evergreen tree Patagonia;\\n1849.\\nFlax. See Linum.\\nFlos Adonis. See Adonis.\\nFlower (Fleur) de Luce. See Iris.\\nFlowering Fern. See Osmunda.\\nFlowering Rush. See Butomus.\\nForget-me-not. See Myosotis.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0189.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "l66 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nFoRSYTHiA. [Oleaceae.] Beautiful hardy deciduous\\nshrubs. Soil, sandy loam. Propagated by layers or cut-\\ntings. F. viridissima is a valuable shrub for early forcing\\nbut, from its early blooming habit, it requires to be in a shel-\\ntered position, or its blossoms become disfigured.\\nF. viridissi}fia (very green) hardy deciduous shrub 6 feet\\nflowers yellow, in May; north of China; 1845. F. suspensa\\n(pendulous) hardy deciduous shrub grafted high, it is pretty\\nflowers yellow, in May Japan 1858.\\nFoTHERGiLLA. [HamamclidaceaE.] Pretty little hardy\\nshrubs, with white flowers. Soil, sandy peat. Propagated\\nby seeds and layers. All are natives of North America.\\nF. alnifolia (alder-leaved) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers in\\nMay; 1765. The varieties actita, inajor^ abtiisa, and seroima,\\ndiffer only in foliage and season of flowering.\\nFoxglove. See Digitalis.\\nFraxinella. See Dictamnus.\\nFraxinus. Ash. [Oleaceae.] Hardy deciduous trees,\\nof which many of the varieties are desirable. Those with\\ncut or variegated foliage, or of weeping habit, are ornamen-\\ntal on the lawn or in the shrubbery.\\nF. aaiminata (pointed green) 40 feet flowers in May\\nNorth America 1723. F. alba (white) 30 feet flowers green,\\nin May; North America 1823. F. amarissima (bitterest); 20\\nfeet flowers in May. F. Americana (American-white) 20 feet\\nflowers in May North America 1723. F. Americaita latifolia\\n(broad-leaved) 20 feet flowers in May. F. aiigustifolia (nar-\\nrow-leaved) flowers in May; Spain; 1825. F. append! c a {z.-^-\\npendaged) 20 feet flowers in May. F. appendicidata (appen-\\ndiculate) 20 feet flowers in May. F. argentea (silvery); 15 feet\\nflowers in June Corsica; 1825. F. atro-virens (dark -green)\\n4 feet flowers in May Britain. F. atro-virens aurca (golden);\\nflowers in April. F. Caroliniana (CaroHna) 30 feet flowers\\nin June; North America; 1783. F. cinerea (gray); 30 feet;", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0190.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 6/\\nflowers in May; North America; 1824. F. elliptica (oval);\\n30 feet; flowers in May; North America; 1825. F. epiptera\\n(dotted stalked) 30 feet flowers in May North America\\n1823. F. excelsior {{.\u00e2\u0096\u00a0aWtr common Ash) 80 feet; flowers in\\nMay Britain. F. excelsior argentea (silver-barked) 20 feet\\nflowers in May Britain. F. excelsior aurea (golden-barked)\\n20 feet flowers in May Britain. F. excelsior a2irea pendiila\\n(yellow-pendulous) flowers in May Britain. F. excelsior\\nerosa (gnawed) 20 feet flowers in May Britain. F. excelsior\\nfungosa 26 feet flowers in May Britain. F. excelsior Jior-\\nizontalis (horizontal) 20 feet flowers in May Britain. F. ex-\\ncelsior jaspidea (jasper-like yellow-barked) 30 feet flowers\\nin May. F. excelsior KincairnicE (Kincairney) 40 feet flowers\\nin May Kincairney. F. excelsior lutea (yellow-edged) 20 feet\\nflowers in May; Britain. F. exxelsior nana (dwarf); 10 feet;\\nflowers in May Britain. F. excelsior pendula (pendulous) 20\\nfeet flowers in May. F. excelsior striata (streaked) 20 feet\\nflowers in May; Britain. F. excelsior verrucosa (warted-barked);\\n60 feet flowers in May England. F. excelsior verrucosa pen-\\ndula (pendulous-warted) flowers in May England. F. excel-\\nsior verticillaris (whorled) 20 feet flowers in May Britain.\\nF. expansa (expanded) 30 feet flowers in May North Amer-\\nica 1824. F. fusca (dark-brown); 30 feet; flowers in May;\\nNorth America; 1823. F. heterophylla (various-leaved); 30\\nfeet flowers in May England. F. heterophylla variegata (va-\\nrieagated-leaved) 12 feet; flowers in May; Ireland; 1836. F.\\njicglandi folia (walnut-leaved) 40 feet flowers in May North\\nAmerica 1783. F. juglattdifolia s^ibintegerrima (nearly entire);\\n40 feet flowers in May. F. lacitiiata (jagged-leaved) flowers\\nin May North America. F. lancea (lance-leaved) 30 feet\\nflowers in May; North America; 1820. F. lentiscifolia (lentis-\\ncus-leaved) 6 feet flowers in May Aleppo 1710. F. letisci-\\nfolia pendula (pendulous) 20 feet flowers in June Germany;\\n1833. F. longifolia (long-leaved); 30 feet; flowers in May;\\nNorth America; 1824. F. hccida (shining); 20 feet; flowers\\nin May. F. macrophylla (large-leaved) 40 feet flowers in\\nMay; 1823. F. mixta (mixed); 30 feet; flowers in May;", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0191.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "1 68 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nNorth America; 1824. F. 7nonstrosa (monstrous); flowers in\\nJuly Britain. F. nana (dwarf) 6 feet flowers in June. F.\\nnigra (black-branched) 30 feet flowers in May North Amer-\\nica 1825. F. ovata (egg-shaped); 30 feet; flowers in May;\\nNorth America. F. oxycarpa (sharp-fruited) 20 feet flowers\\nin May Caucasus 1815. F. oxycarpa oxyphylla (sharp-leaved);\\n20 feet; south of Europe; 1821. F. pallida (pale); 30 feet;\\nflowers in May North America. F. pannosa (cloth-leaved)\\n30 feet flowers in May Carolina 1820. F. parvi folia (small-\\nleaved) 20 feet; flowers in May; Levant; 1822. F. platycarpa\\n(broad-fruited) 30 feet flowers in May North America 1820.\\nF. poleino7tifolia (great-valerian-leaved) flowers in April North\\nAmerica 1 8 1 2. F. pubesce}i5 (downy); 20 feet flowers in April\\nNorth America; 181 1. F. pitbesceiis latifolia (broad-leaved);\\n20 feet flowers in May. F. piibescens longifolia (long-leaved)\\n20 feet flowers in May. F. pulvendenta (powdery) 30 feet\\nflowers in May; North America; 1824. F. qiiadrangiilata\\n(four-angled, blue) 30 feet flowers in May North America\\n1822. F. quadrangiUata nervosa (nerved); 30 feet flowers in\\nMay. F. rubiamda (ruddy-veined) 30 feet flowers in May\\nNorth America; 1824. F. riifa (rusty); 30 feet; flowers in\\nMay; North America; 1822. F. sainhicifolia (elder-leaved);\\n30 feet; flowers in May; North America; 1800. F. sanibuci-\\nfolia crispa (curled); 30 feet; flowers in May. F. versicolor\\n(many-colored) flowers in May Britain. F. virens (green)\\n20 feet flowers in May. F. virens variegata (variegated)\\n20 feet flowers in May. F. viridis (green) 30 feet flowers\\nin May; North America; 1824.\\nAll of the above species are seldom found in any collec-\\ntion but all the larger species are fine trees for street-\\nplanting.\\nFrench Marigold. See Tagetis.\\nFringe-Tree. See Chionanthus.\\nFritillaria. Fritillary. [Liliaceae.] A genus of hardy\\nbulbs, of easy culture, propagated without difficulty by", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0192.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 69\\nmeans of offsets. The bulbs should be planted in sandy,\\nloamy soil when taken up for transplanting, it should be\\nabout August. All the species propagate by offsets, and\\ngrow freely in the open ground, without protection. They\\nmostly flower in May, and are thus very useful in gardens as\\nspring flowers. The most stately species is the Crown Im-\\nperial, which bears a whorl of drooping flowers, surmounted\\nby a tuft, or crown, of leaves. The smaller species bear one\\nor two drooping cup-shaped flowers. The bulbs of the\\nFritillarias are scaly, and of a soft texture, Hke those of\\nlilies, consequently they must not be dried by being left\\nlong exposed at the period of replanting.\\nF. alba (white) hardy bulb 9 inches flowers white, in\\nMay North America. F. ctiprea (coppery) half-hardy bulb\\n18 inches flowers copper-colored, in July Mexico; 1834. F.\\nimperialis (Crown-imperial) hardy bulb 4 feet flowers yellow\\nor red, in May; Persia; 1596. F. lanceolata (spear-leaved);\\nhardy bulb 9 inches flowers dark-purple, in May Kamts-\\nchatka 1759. ^/z^ (broad-leaved) hardy bulb; i foot\\nflowers reddish -purple, in May Caucasus; 1604. F. leucantha\\n(white-flowered) hardy bulb i foot flowers white, in May\\nSiberia; 1822. F. hitea (yellow); hardy bulb i foot flowers\\nyellow, in May; Caucasus; 181 2. F. jneleagris (guinea-fowl-\\nhke) hardy bulb i foot flowers purple- checkered or white,\\nin May England. F. minor (small) hardy bulb i foot\\nflowers dark-purple, in April Altai 1830. F. nervosa (nerved-\\nleaved) hardy bulb 18 inches flowers dark-purple, in May\\nCaucasus 1826. F. obliqiia (oblique-leaved) hardy bulb i\\nfoot; flowers brown-purple, in April; Caucasus; 1596. F.\\nPersica (Persian) hardy bulb 2 feet flowers brown-purple,\\nin May; Persia; 1596. F. prcecox (early); hardy bulb; i\\nfoot flowers white, in May Europe F. piidica (chaste)\\nhardy bulb i foot flowers pale-yellow, in May North Amer-\\nica 1824. F. Pyretiaica (Pyrenaean) hardy bulb 18 inches\\nflowers dark-purple, in June Spain 1605. F. Ruthcnica", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0193.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "I/O GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n(Russian) hardy bulb i foot flowers purple, in May Cau-\\ncasus 1826. F. tenella (slender); hardy bulb i foot flow-\\ners purple, in May Caucasus 1826. F. verticillata (whorled)\\nhardy bulb i foot flowers purple, in May Crimea 1823.\\nFuMARiA. See Dielytra.\\nFuNKiA. [Liliaceae.] Very pretty hardy herbaceous per-\\nennials. They grow freely in any light common soil, and\\nrequire no particular culture but they must have a warm\\nand rather dry situation to induce them to bloom freely.\\nIncreased by division of the roots.\\nF. albo-inarginata (white-margined) hardy perennial 18\\ninches flowers lilac, in July Japan 1837. F. lancifolia (lance-\\nleaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers lilac, in July Japan\\n1824. F. ovata (ovate-leaved) hardy perennial 18 inches\\nflowers bluish-lilac, in June Japan 1790. F. Sieboldiana\\n(Siebold s) hardy perennial i foot flowers lilac, in June\\nJapan; 1830. F. sub-cordata (sub-cordate-leaved); hardy per-\\nennial I foot r flowers white, in August; Japan; 1790. F.\\n7indulata (wavy-leaved) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nlilac, in August Japan 1834.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0194.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "GAGEA. [Liliaceae.] Hardy bulbs, closely related to\\nOrnithogalum. Light sandy soil. Increased by offsets.\\nG. Bohemica (Bohemian) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers yel-\\nlow, in April Bohemia 1825. G. bracteolaris (bracteolate)\\nhardy bulb 6 inches flowers yellow, in April Europe 18 17.\\nG. chlorantha (yeUow-flowered) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers\\nyellow, in April; Siberia; 1819. G. glauca (glaucous); hardy\\nbulb 6 inches flowers yellow, in March Switzerland 1825.\\nG. Liotardi (Liotard s) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers yellow,\\nin May; south of Europe; 1825. G. hitea (yellow); hardy\\nbulb 6 inches flowers yellow, in May England. G. 7nini7Jia\\n(least) hardy bulb 3 inches flowers yellow, in May Switzer-\\nland 1826. G. Podalica (Podahan) hardy bulb; 6 inches\\nflowers yellow,, in May; Podalia 1827. G. pusilla (small);\\nhardy bulb 3 inches flowers yellow, in April Bohemia\\n1825. G. spathacea (sheathed);- hardy bulb 6 inches flowers\\nyellow, in May; Germany; 1759. G. uiiiflora (one-flowered);\\nhardy bulb 6 inches flowers yellow, in May Siberia 1781.\\nG. villosa (shaggy) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers yellow, in\\nApril Caucasus 1825.\\nGaillardia. [Compositae. J Showy hardy and half-hardy\\nperennials. Soil, sandy loam, or light garden soil. In-\\ncreased by division. G. pida, a soft-stemmed plant, used\\nfor flower-garden decoration, requires protection from frost\\nin a dry frame during winter, and is raised from seeds or\\ncuttings in autumn, for planting out in the following May.\\nG. aristata (awned) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers deep-\\nyellow, in July; North America; 1,8 L2 G. bicolor (two-col-\\n171", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0197.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "1/2 GARDEN FLOWERS.*\\noired) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers deep-yellow, in August\\nNorth America; 1787. G. picta (painted); half-hardy peren-\\nnial 18 inches; flowers yellow and red, in July; Louisiana;\\n1833. G. Richardsoni (Richardson s); hardy perennial; 18\\ninches; flowers deep-yellow, in July; North America; 1827.\\nG. grandijlora is a garden hybrid flowers rich red, with yellow\\nborder, very large 1855.\\nGalanthus. Snowdrop. [Amaryllidaceas.] Well-known\\nhardy bulbs, dwarf, pretty, and very general favorites, partly\\nperhaps from the season at which they appear, as the her-\\nalds of spring. G. plicatus is the finest species, but is rare.\\nThe bulbs require planting in October, in common soil,, and\\nshould be left undisturbed for several years they then form\\nthick patches, and are more showy when in flower. They\\nshould be planted in patches, instead of single rows along\\nthe edging of borders.\\nG. nivalis (common) hardy bulb 4 inches flowers white\\nand green, in March England. G. plicatus (plaited) hardy\\nbulb 9 inches flowers white and green, in March Crimea\\n18 1 8. G. refiex us (reflexed) hardy bulb; 6 inches; flowers\\nwhite and green, in Mar-ch Mount Gargarus 1844.\\nGalax. [Pyrolaceae.] Hardy perennials. Soil, peat,\\nkept rather damp. Increased by division.\\nG. aphylla (leafless) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nwhite, in July North America 1786.\\nGalega. Goafs-Rue. [Leguminosae.] Large growing\\nhardy or half-hardy perennials. Common soil. Increased\\nby division or by seeds.\\nG. biloba (two-lobed) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers blue,\\nin July; native country uncertain 1823. G. officinalis {of^cx-\\nnal) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers blue or white, in July\\nSpain; 1568. G. Orientalis (Eastern); hardy perennial; 3\\nfeet; flowers blue, in July; Levant; 1801. G. Persica {Vqv-\\nsian) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, in July Persia\\n1826.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0198.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1/3\\nGalium. [Galiaceae.] A genus of coarse, not very\\nshowy plants, thriving in any soil, and propagated by di-\\nvision. G. suavolens is an annual the rest of those we\\nmention are herbaceous perennials, generally hardy.\\nG. campamdaticm (bell-flowered) 6 inches flowers white, in\\nJune south of Europe 1821. G. capillipes (hairy-stalked)\\nI foot; flowers white, in October; Russia; 1838. G. Grcecuin\\n(Grecian); 6 inches; flowers purple, in July; Candia 1798.\\nG. Persiawi {^^xsv3iVL)\\\\ flowers yellow, in July Persia; 1837.\\nG. pitrpureum (^Mxy^\\\\\u00e2\u0082\u00ac)\\\\ i foot; flowers purple, in July; Swit-\\nzerland; 1 83 1. G. 7 iibni?n (red); i foot; flowers purple, in\\nJuly; Italy; 1597. 6^. j Z/6 /^;/j (sweet-scented) i foot flow-\\ners white, in July north of Europe 1821, G. Taiiricitm {^2i\\\\x-\\nrian) 6 inches; flowers yellow, in July; Tauria 1818. G.\\nVaillantii (Vaillant s) 2 feet flowers green, in May England.\\nGaultheria. [Ericaceae.] Pretty dwarf, procumbent,\\nhardy evergreens, growing in moist peaty soil, and increased\\nby layers and seeds.\\nG. prociunbens (procumbent) hardy trailing evergreen shrub\\nflowers white, in July; North America; 1762. G. Shalloft\\n(Shallon) hardy evergreen shrub i foot flowers white, in\\nMay; North America 1826.\\nThere are evergreen greenhouse species.\\nGaura. [Onagraceae.] Showy plants, mostly biennials.\\nSoil, sandy loam. Increased by seeds. G. Lind/ize?nenana\\nis a very elegantly branched free-blooming plant, and,\\nthough perennial, is perhaps best treated as a biennial it\\nblooms freely, however, the first year from the seed, if sown\\nin May with the half-hardy annuals. The species are not\\nhardy in the Northern States.\\nG. biennis (biennial) hardy biennial 6 feet flowers white\\nand red, in September; North America; 1762. G. coccinea\\n(scarlet) hardy perennial i foot flowers scarlet, in August\\nLouisiana; 181 1. G. Lindhiemeriana (Lindheimer s) half-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0199.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "174 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers white and pink, in July\\nTexas; 1851. G. inutabilis (changeable); half-hardy peren-\\nnial 2 feet; flowers yellow, in July; North America; 1795.\\nG. miothercBfolia (oenothera-leaved) hardy biennial 2 feet\\nflowers purple, in July South America 18 16.\\nGazania. [Corapositae.] Greenhouse herbaceous plants,\\nproducing large and very showy yellow or orange-colored\\ncomposite flowers. Soil, loam, leaf-mould, and sand. In-\\ncreased by division or by cuttings. They require little care\\nbeyond ordinary routine greenhouse management, and to be\\noccasionally repotted as they become thickly rooted. G.\\nuniflora is of a different habit from the rest, producing nu-\\nmerous branching stems, and forms a good bedding-out\\nplant for the flower-garden in summer if planted in a dry-\\nish situation. Cuttings struck about August in one season,\\nform good blooming plants for the next summer they\\nshould be frequently stopped while young.\\nG. pavonia (peacock) greenhouse perennial i foot j flowers\\norange and black, in June; Cape; 1804. G. rigens (stiff);\\ngreenhouse perennial i foot flowers orange and black, in\\nJune; Cape; 1735. G. splendeiis (showy); greenhouse peren-\\nnial I foot flowers orange wdth black centre, in August. This\\nspecies is a flne bedding plant, and is a hybrid between G. 21m-\\nflora a.nd rigens gardens i860. G. iiniflora (one-flowered)\\ngreenhouse perennial i foot flowers pale-yeflow, in June\\nCape; 1816.\\nGenista. Broom. [Leguminoseae.] A large genus, of\\nwhich some are hardy. They do well in common soil, and\\nare very conspicuous for their bright yellow flowers in June.\\nPropagated by seeds.\\nG. aphylla (leafless) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers violet, in\\nJuly; Siberia; 1800. G. diffusa (spreading); hardy shrub 3\\nfeet; flowers yellow, in June; Hungary; 18 16. G. Siberica\\n(Siberian) hardy shrub 2 feet flowers yellow, in June Si-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0200.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1/5\\nberia; 1785. G.tinctoria (dyer s); hardy shrub 3 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in June England.\\nThere are double-flowered varieties.\\nGentiana. [Gentianaceae.] Beautiful hardy herbaceous\\nplants. They should be planted in good rich soil, and most\\nof them prefer a considerable proportion of peat earth. They\\nare propagated readily by dividing the plant in autumn or\\nspring. The hardy annual and biennial species are of much\\nless horticultural importance.\\nG. acaulis (Gentianella) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers\\nblue, in May Wales. G. algida (cold) hardy perennial 6\\ninches; flowers white, in June; Siberia; 1808. G. Altaica\\n(Altaic) hardy perennial i foot flowers purple, in May Si-\\nberia 1824. G. asclepiadea (asclepias-like) hardy perennial\\nI foot flowers blue or white, in July Austria 1629. G.\\naiirea (golden) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers yellow, in\\nAugust; Norway; 1823. G. Bavarica (Bavarian); hardy per-\\nennial 3 inches; flowers blue, in July; Germany; 1775. G.\\nCatesbcri {C^iitsby^s) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers blue,\\nin June; North America; 1803. G. ciliata (hair-fringed);\\nhardy perennial 9 inches flowers blue, in July Germany\\n1759. G. crinita (fringed) hardy perennial flowers sky-blue,\\nin October; North America; 1804. G. cruciata (crossed);\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers blue, in June Austria 1 596.\\nG.fimbriata (fringed) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue,\\nin August; Caucasus; 1818. G. Fortiuii (Fortune s); hardy\\nperennial; 18 inches; flowers deep-blue, spotted with white, in\\nJuly; north of China; 1852. G.frigida (frigid); hardy peren-\\nnial I foot flowers white, in July Carpathian Mountains\\n1 817. G. glacialis (icy); hardy biennial i foot; flowers blue,\\nin August; north of Europe; 1819. G. lutea (yellow); hardy\\nperennial 4 feet flowers yello^c, in July Alps 1 596. G.\\nmacrophylla (large-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nblue, in July Siberia 1796. G. Paimonica (Pannonian); hardy\\nperennial i foot flowers purple, in July Alps. G. piieumo-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0201.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "lyS GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nnajithe (Calathian-violet) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue\\nor white, in August England. G. piunila (dwarf) hardy per-\\nennial 3 inches flowers blue, in May Switzerland 1817. G.\\npunctata (spotted) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJuly; Alps; 1795. G. saponaria (soapwort-leaved) hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers blue or white, in August North\\nAmerica; 1796. G. septeinfida (seven-cleft); hardy perennial\\n9 inches flowers blue, in June Persia 1804. G. verna\\n(vernal) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers blue, in April\\nEngland.\\nThere are many other showy species.\\nGeranium. Crane s-bill. Geraniaceae. Ornamental\\nherbaceous plants. Common garden soil. Increased readily\\nby division or by seeds.\\nG. aconitifolumi (aconite-leaved) hardy perennial 18 inches\\nflowers white, in June Switzerland 1775. G. cristatum\\n(crested) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers veined with red,\\nin July Iberia 1820. G. DaJniricum (Dahurian) hardy per-\\nennial I foot; flowers purple, in June; Dahuria; 1820. G.\\nIberiaun {\\\\h^x\\\\7m) hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers blue,\\nin July; Levant; 1802. G. Lancastriense (Lancaster); hardy\\nperennial 9 inches flowers striped, in June Britain. G.\\nMexkamwi (Mexican) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers pale\\npurple,^ in August; Mexico; 1832. G. p7 atense (meadow);\\nhardy perennial 18 inches flowers blue or white, or blue and\\nwhite striped, single or double, in June Britain. G. riibifoliimt\\n(bramble-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers pink, in\\nJuly; Himalayas; 1839. G. sanguineum (bloody); hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers crimson, in July Britain.\\nThere are many other species.\\nGerardia. [Scrophulariaceae.] A family of annuals,\\nbiennials, and perennials, mostly natives of North America,\\nand of difficult culture. Soil, leaf-mould and sand.\\nG.fiava (yellow) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers yellow,\\nin August North America; 1796. G. quercifolia (oak-leaved);", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0202.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 7/\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers yellow, in August North\\nAmerica; 1812. G. purpurea (purple); hardy annual flowers\\npurple, in August North America 1772.\\nGeum. Avms. [Rosaceae.] Hardy perennials, some of\\nwhich are ornamental. Soil, sandy loam. Propagated by\\ndivision or by seeds.\\nG. album (white) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in\\nJuly; North America; 1730. G. Canadeiise {Q2Xi2i6X2iVi)\\\\ hardy\\nperennial; 18 inches; flowers yellow, in July; Canada; 18 10.\\nG. Chilense (Chili) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers copper-\\ncolor, in July Chili; 1826. The v?Lx\\\\^ty atro-sanguineum has\\nthe flowers dark blood-colored variety grandiflorum, scarlet.\\nG. inacrophylhim (large-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in July; Kamtschatka 1804. G. Pyrenaicu?n (Py-\\n^en^an) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers yellow, in July\\nPyrenees 1804. G. Virginianujn (Virginian) hardy perennial\\n18 inches flowers white, in July North America 1730.\\nGiant-Fennel. See Ferula.\\nGiLiA. Polemoniacae. Favorite hardy annuals, with\\nsmall cup-like, but very pretty simple flowers. There are\\nseveral varieties, and but little to distinguish them from each\\nother save the different shades of color. G. tricolor is the\\nbest for general purposes it is neat, dwarf, and free flower-\\ning. Being as hardy as most of the annuals, it may be sown\\nin May where it is to bloom, and should not be too much\\ncrowded. It will bloom from June onwards in succession.\\nG. achillecE folia (milfoil-leaved) hardy annual i foot flowers\\npurple-blue, in June Cahfornia 1833. G. capitata (round-\\nheaded) hardy annual 2^ feet flowers gray-blue or white, in\\nJune; Columbia; 1826. G. gracilis (slender); hardy annual;\\n6 inches; flowers pink, in July; North America; 1826. G.\\ntenuiflora (slender-flowered) hardy annual 2 feet flowers\\nrose and violet, in July California. G. tricolor (three-colored);\\nhardy annual i foot flowers lilac, yellow, and black, in June\\nCalifornia; 1833. Of this there are the varieties ^^zT/^/Zi-, white,\\n12", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0203.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "1 78 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nwith yellow throat albiflora, white, with yellow and black and\\nsplendens^ pink, with yellow and black.\\nGiLLENiA. [Rosaceae.] Hardy herbaceous perennials.\\nPeaty soil, rather moist. Propagated by division.\\nG. stipulacea (large-stipuled) hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners white and red, in July; North America 1803. G. trifoliata\\n(three-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers white and red,\\nin July; North America 1713.\\nGladiolus. [Iridaceas.] A large family of show}^ bulbs,\\nmostly tender. The hybrids of G. Ga7idavensis have of late\\nattracted much attention. Though less delicate, they are\\nnot excelled in beauty by any of the rarer species. They\\nwill often endure the winter in the open air as far north as\\nMassachusetts but the safest and best way is take up the\\nbulbs after the leaves are killed by the frost, dry them rapidly\\nin the sun, and preserve them in a dry, cool, frost-proof cel-\\nlar until spring. Seeds ripen freely, but produce new varie-\\nties, the older being propagated by division of the bulbs and\\nby bulblets. Seedlings bloom the second year.\\nFor a list of varieties consult the florists newest catalo-\\ngues. Some of the best, however, are Light El Dorado,\\nPenelope, Madame Leseble, Junon, Madame Binder, Ceres,\\nVesta, Calypso, Queen Victoria, Canari, Samuel Walker,\\nRebecca, and Imperatrice. Da? k Pluton, Napoleon III.,\\nMars, Brenchleyensis, Anatole Levanneur, Premice de Mont-\\nRouge, Vulcain, Mrs. Basseville, La Poussin, Count de\\nMorny.\\nG. communis and Byzanthiiim are hardy bulbs, requiring to\\nbe treated like crocuses.\\nGlaucium. [Papavaracese.] A family of annuals and\\nbiennials, grown from seed sown in the open borders in\\nMay. The chief species are G. Arabicuni, Persicu?n^ Phoeni-\\nciu?n, rubrum, and tricolor, all annuals and G. Jlavum and\\nfulvum biennials.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0204.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1/9\\nGleditschia. [Leguminoseae.] Hardy ornamental de-\\nciduous trees. Common soil. Propagated by seed.\\nG. Jiorridaj hardy tree; lo feet; flowers green, in July;\\nChina; 1774. G.sineiisisj hardy tree 20 feet flowers green,\\nin June China 18 12. The varieties are inermis, major, nana,\\nand pejidula. G. tricanthos (three-thorned) Honey Locust\\nhardy tree; 30 feet; flowers green, in July; 1700. Variety\\ninennis differs in having no thorns.\\nGlobe-Amaranth. See Gomphrena.\\nGlobe-Flower. See Trollius.\\nGlobe-Thistle. See Echinops.\\nGlobularia. [Selaginaceae.] Dwarf herbaceous plants,\\nnearly or quite hardy, except in the Northern States. Soil,\\nsandy loam and peat. Increased by cuttings of the young\\nshoots under a hand-glass in summer.\\nG. Alypiun (three-toothed) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners pale-red, in August south of Europe 1640. G. bellidifolia\\n(daisy-leaved) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers red, in July\\nItaly; 1825. G. co? difolia (heart-leaved); hardy perennial 6\\ninches flowers blue, in July Germany 1683. G. vulgaris\\n(common) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue, in June\\nEurope; 1640.\\nGlossocomia. [Campanulaceas.] Half-hardy herbaceous\\nperennials. Common soil. Increased by seeds or division.\\nG. lurida (lurid) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers green\\nand purple, in May; North India; 1838. G. ovata (ovate);\\nhalf-hardy perennial 18 inches flowers white, in July North\\nIndia; 1839.\\nGnaphalium. [Compositae.] A pretty family of plants\\ncommonly known as Everlastings, comprising greenhouse\\nperennials and hardy annuals and biennials. Soil, sandy\\nloam and leaf-mould. Propagated by seeds. The annual\\nspecies are G. obtusifolium and undulatum.\\nGoat s Beard. See Spirea aruncus.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0205.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "l80 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nGoat s Rue. See Galega.\\nGoDETiA. [Onagraceae.] Showy hardy annuals, nearly\\nrelated to CEnothera. Sow in the open beds or borders in\\nMay, to flower in June, July, and August. As soon as the\\nplants come up, they should be thinned for, if crowded,\\nthey grow weakly, and do not flower so well. Six or eight\\nplants may be left in a patch. If they are required early,\\nthey may be sown in pots in April, to be forwarded in\\nframes, and turned out in May. In this case, the pots must\\nbe kept near the light, and beyond the reach of frost, which,\\nwhile the plants are young and tender, will injure them.\\nSeveral of the species are too much alike. When vigorous,\\nthe plants remain some time in bloom.\\nG. albescens (whitish); hardy annual; 1 8 inches flowers\\npinkish-purple, in June; Columbia; 1841. G. grandijtora\\n(large-flowered) hardy annual 2 feet flowers white and red,\\nin July; Columbia; 1841. G. lepida (pretty); hardy annual;\\n18 inches flowers pink, in June California; 1835. Lmd-\\nleyana (Lindley s) hardy annual 18 inches flowers pale-rose\\nand crimson, in June; North America; 1826. G. qiiadriv2il-\\nnera (four-spotted) hardy annual; 18 inches flowers pink, in\\nJuly; North America; 1826. G. Romajizovii {^om-AHzows);\\nhardy annual i foot flowers bluish-purple, in June North\\nAmerica; 181 7. G. rosea-alba (red and white) hardy annual\\n18 inches flowers red and and white, in June Nepaul 1827.\\nG. I ubicimda (ruddy) hardy annual 2 feet flowers rosy-lilac,\\nin June California; 1834. 6^. (slender) hardy annual\\n6 inches flowers purple, in May; Chili; 1822. G. tentti folia\\n(fine-leaved) hardy annual 9 inches flowers pinkish, in June\\nChili; 1828. G, viminea (twiggy); hardy annual; 2^ feet;\\nflowers purple, in June; California; 1826. G. vinosa (wine-\\nstained) hardy annual 18 inches flowers bluish, in June\\nCahfornia 1835.\\nGolden Flower. See Chrysanthemum.\\nGolden-Rod. See Solidago.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0206.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. l8l\\nGoLDYLOCKS. See Chrysocoma.\\nGoMPHRENA. Globe Amaranth. [Amaranthaceae.] Pretty\\nplants, usually grown as annuals. The chief kind is G. glo-\\nbosa commonly called Globe Amaranth. The seeds should\\nbe thinly sown in a hot-bed in April. As soon as the young\\nplants are large enough to be handled, they should be trans-\\nplanted to a frame, and set four inches apart, or into pots,\\nwhere they may grow until all danger of frost is over, when\\nthey may be transplanted to the garden. They seed freely\\nand the flowers continue beautiful a long time after they are\\ngathered and dried, the petals being chaffy, or scaly, like\\nthose of Everlasting flowers. G. pulchella^ another pretty\\nannual kind, though not as yet very commonly grown, de-\\nserves to be so.\\nG. globosa (globe); stove annual; i8 inches; flowers purple\\nor white, in July; India; 1714. G. pulchella (pretty); stove\\nannual 18 inches flowers rose-red, in July Brazil 1843.\\nThere are varieties with white, pink, and orange flowers.\\nGooDYERA. [Orchidaceas.] A genus of pretty terres-\\ntrial orchids, with pretty variegated foliage. They need a\\nsandy peat or leaf-mould, and a shady situation. Propa-\\ngated by offsets.\\nG. piibescens (downy) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nwhite, in July; North America; 1802. G. repens (creeping);\\nhardy perennial 4 inches flowers white, in July North\\nAmerica.\\nGourd Ornamental. See Cucurbita.\\nGrape Hyacinth. See Muscarl\\nGrammanthes. [Crassulaceae.] Pretty annual plants\\nwith starry flowers, flourishing in warm sunny situations.\\nPropagated by seed sown in sandy loam, and transplanted\\nto garden.\\nG. chlorceflora (yellow-flowered) half-hardy annual 6 inch-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0207.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "l82 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nes flowers yellow and red, in July Cape of Good Hope 1774.\\nG. gentianoides (gentian-like) half-hardy annual 6 inches\\nflowers pinkish-red, in July Cape of Good Hope 1848.\\nOther varieties are reflexa^ dmiabarma, lUacina, and lutea.\\nGreek Valerian. See Polemonium.\\nGratiola. [Scrophulariaceae.] A family of low-growing\\nplants of but little beauty, but useful in rich moist soil.\\nPropagated by division. The best species are G. aiirea,\\nmegalocm pa, officinalis, pilosa, quadridentata, and Virginica.\\nGromwell. See Lithospermum.\\nGroundsel. See Senicio.\\nGround Ivy. See Nepeta.\\nGuelder-Rose. See Viburnum.\\nGuizoTiA. [Compositae.] Hardy annual. Cultivated in\\nsouthern Europe as an oil plant. Soil, light rich loam.\\nIncreased by seeds.\\nG. oleifera (oil-yielding) hardy annual 3 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in July Abyssinia 1775.\\nGymnocladus. [Leguminoseae.] A fine hardy orna-\\nmental tree, very conspicuous in summer for its plumes of\\nfoliage. It thrives in any good soil, but in deep mellow\\nloam it grows with great rapidity. Propagated by seeds and\\ncuttings of the root.\\nG. Canadensis (Canadian) hardy tree 20 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June North America.\\nGymnodiscus. [Composite.] A hardy annual, growing\\nin common garden soil, and propagated by seeds sown in\\nthe open border in May.\\nG. capillaris (hair-like) hardy annual flowers yellow, in\\nJune; Cape of Good Hope 1822.\\nGynandropsis. [Capparidaceae.] Hardy and stove an-\\nnuals and biennials, allied to Cleome. The hardy species", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0208.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 83\\nshould be sown in a gentle hot-bed in April, and transplanted\\nto the border in May.\\nG. candelabrufn (chandelier) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nred, in July; South America; 1824. G. sessiliflora (sessile-\\nflowered) hardy annual i foot flowers white, in July West\\nIndies; 1820. G. triphylla (three-leaved); hardy annual i\\nfoot flowers white in July West Indies 18 16.\\nGynerium. Pampas Grass. Graminese. A noble\\nplant from the Pampas of South America. The plumes of\\nnodding feathers are very ornamental. The plant is half-\\nhardy, needing a cold frame or cellar protection during win-\\nter, but thrives well planted out in summer. Soil, rich loam.\\nPropagated by division and seed.\\nG. argenteum (silvery) half-hardy perennial 1 5 feet flowers\\napetalous, in August South America 1852.\\nGypsocallis. [Ericaceae. Beautiful little evergreen\\nhalf-hardy shrubs, formerly known as Ericas. They recLuire\\nto be planted in a bed of peat earth, with Rhododendrons,\\nLedums, and like plants, and should occupy the outer parts.\\nIf the situation is rather moist, it is preferable otherwise\\nthey require to be abundantly watered in spring, while\\nmaking their new growth. Increased by layers.\\nG. carnea (flesh-colored) evergreen shrub 6 inches flowers\\npinkish, in January; Germany; 1763. G. Mediterrattea {Mtdi-\\nterranean) evergreen shrub 4 feet flowers purple, in April\\nPortugal 1648. G. multiflora (many-flowered) evergreen\\nshrub i foot flowers flesh-color, in June; France 1731. G,\\nvagans (wandering) evergreen shrub i foot flo /ers red or\\npink, or white, in July. Britain.\\nThese plants are tender in the Northern States.\\nGypsophila. [Caryophyllaceae.] Hardy herbaceous per-\\nennials, with one or two exceptions. Some of them are\\npretty, producing a number of small flowers, usually while,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0209.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "184 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\non much-branched stems. All the smaller species of the\\ngenus, which is rather extensive, are well adapted for rock-\\nwork. They like a dryish soil, especially if intermixed with\\ncalcareous matter, or old lime or brigk rubbish. They must\\nbe propagated by seeds or cuttings, their tap-rooted habit not\\ngenerally admitting of safe increase by division.\\nG. acutifolia (sharp-leaved) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nwhite, in July Siberia 1820. G. collina (hill) hardy perennial;\\n18 inches flowers pink, in July Odessa 1821. G. elegatis\\n(elegant) hardy annual i foot flowers white, in June Crimea;\\n1828. G. fastigiata (fastigiate) hardy perennial 18 inches\\nflowers white, in June Germany; 1759. G grammea ^^xdissy);\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers red, in July Morea 1810.\\nG. grajidiflora (large-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nwhite, in July 1800. G. latifolia (broad-leaved) hardy peren-\\nnial flowers white, in June; Siberia; 1834. G. paniculata\\n(panicled) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, in July Si-\\nberia 1759. prostrata (prostrate) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers pink, in August Siberia 1759. G. pubescens (downy)\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers white, in June Siberia 1829.\\nG. repeiis (creeping) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers white,\\nin July Siberia 1774. G. saligna (willow) hardy perennial\\nI foot; flowers pink, in June; Europe; 1837. G. saxifraga\\n(saxifrage) hardy trailing perennial flowers pink, in July\\nGermany 1 774. G. teniiifolia (fine-leaved) hardy perennial\\nI foot; flowers rose, in July; Caucasus; 1824.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0210.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "P^iM^^rB^^!te^^\\nmm\\n^m\\n^^^^w3\\nm\u00c2\u00a7mm\\nm^ff^M^^J^\\nHABEN ARIA. [Orchidaceae.] A genus of herbaceous\\nperennials, containing one or two hardy species. Soil,\\nmoist peat. Propagated by division.\\nH. procera (tall) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers green, in\\nAugust; North America 1822.\\nThere are many stove and tender species.\\nHacquetia. [Umbelliferae.] A small hardy herbaceous\\nperennial. Soil, sandy loam and peat. Increased by\\ndivision.\\nH. epipactisj hardy perennial 3 inches flowers yellow, in\\nApril; Alps 1823.\\nHalesia. Snowdrop-Tree. [Styracaceae.] Hardy decid-\\nuous shrubs, ornamental in flower and foliage, thriving best\\nin deep, rich, rather moist loam. Propagated by layers,\\nseeds, and cuttings. H. diptera is not hardy north of Mas-\\nsachusetts.\\nH. tetraptera (four- winged) hardy shrub 10 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June; North America 1756. H. parviflora (small-\\nflowered); hardy shrub 8 feet flowers white North America\\n1827. H. diptera (two-winged); hardy shrub; 8 feet; flowers\\nwhite, in May; North America 1758.\\nHalimodendron. Leguminosae. Hardy deciduous\\nshrubs, usually grafted as standards on Laburnum, thus form-\\ning a graceful drooping tree. Soil, sandy loam. Propagated\\nby seeds, cuttings, and layers.\\n185", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0213.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "1 86 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nH. argentewn (silvery) hardy shrub 6 feet flowers pink,\\nin June Siberia 1779.\\nThe varieties brachysema and subvirescens, both with pink\\nflowers, are desirable.\\nHamamelis. Witch-Hazel. [Hamamelidacese.] Hardy\\ndeciduous shrubs, very showy from the abundance of yellow^\\nflowers produced in November after the leaves have fallen,\\nand imparting a gay appearance to the shrubbery at that\\ndreary season. Propagated by root cuttings, layers, and\\nseeds, the latter requiring two years to vegetate. Soil, moist\\nloam. The female flowers are the more showy.\\nH. Virginica (Virginian) hardy shrub 10 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in November; North America; 1812.\\nHarebell. See Campanula.\\nHare s Ear. See Bupleurum.\\nHawthorn. See Crataegus.\\nHawkweed. See Tolpis.\\nHazel-Nut. See Corylus.\\nHeather. See Calluna.\\nHeart s Ease. See Pansy, Viola.\\nHedeoma. [Lamiaceae.] Hardy annuals, growmg readily\\nfrom seed sown in spring in common garden soil.\\nH. puligioides (pennyroyal-like) hardy annual 6 inches\\nflowers blue, in July North America, H. thymoides (thyme-\\nlike) hardy annual 3 inches flowers red, in July France.\\nHedera. Ivy. [Araliaceae.] A well-known hardy ever-\\ngreen climber, of which there are several varieties. The\\ntender Ivies are of little interest. Common garden soil suits\\nthe Ivy, but it grows quicker if it be rich and deep. In-\\ncreased by cuttings in autumn, in a moist sandy soil. The\\nbest of the varieties for general purposes are the Irish and\\nH. RcBgneriana, the latter with large heart-shaped leaves.\\nH. Helix (common). The principal varieties are, arbores-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0214.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 8/\\ncens (tree-like); Caiiariensis (Irish) chrysocarpa (yellow-berried);\\ndigitata (finger-leaved) foliis argenteis (silver-striped) foliis\\naiireis (gold-striped) Ragneriana (Raegner s).\\nHedge-Hyssop. See Gratiola.\\nHedge-Mustard. See Erysimum.\\nHedge-Nettle. See Stachys.\\nHedysarum. [Leguminosse.] Hardy or half-hardy her-\\nbaceous plants, including annuals, biennials, and perennials.\\nCommon garden soil. Increased by seeds or division.\\nH. Altaiciun (Altaic); hardy perennial 6 inches; flowers\\npurple, in July; Siberia; 1818. H. Caucasicum (Caucasian);\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers purple, in July Caucasus\\n1820. H. coronari2i7n (French honeysuckle); hardy biennial;\\n3 feet; flowers scarlet, in June Italy; 1596. H. grandifiorum\\n(large-flowered); hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers purple,\\nin June Tauria 1821. H. Ibericum (Iberian); hardy perennial\\n6 inches flowers purple, in July Iberia 1818. H. lasiocarpuift\\n(woolly-podded) hardy perennial i foot flowers purple, in\\nJuly; Siberia; 1816. H. rosetim (rosy); hardy perennial; 6\\ninches flowers pink, in August Caucasus 1803. H. spleiidens\\n(shining) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers cream-color, in\\nJuly; Siberia; 18 19. H. varium (variable); hardy perennial;\\nI foot; flowers white, in July; south of Europe; 1820. H.\\nvetmstum (lovely) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers purple,\\nin June; Attica; 1828.\\nHelenium. [Compositae.] Hardy, herbaceous, yellow-\\nflowered perennials, growing in common soil, and increased\\nby division.\\nH. aiitiumiale (autumnal) 3 feet flowers in September\\nNorth America 1729. H.atropurptireum {^^xV- ^mx^X^); hardy\\nannual i foot flowers, orange, black, and yellow, in August\\nTexas; 1845. H. cariiculatum (channelled); 3 feet; flowers in\\nAugust North America 1800. H. pubesccns (downy) 3 feet\\nflowers in August North America 1776. H. pumilum (dwarf);\\nI foot; flowers in August; 18 18.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0215.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "1/6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\niianthe (Calathian-violet) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue\\nor white, in August England. G. pumila (dwarf) hardy per-\\nennial 3 inches flowers blue, in May Switzerland 1817. G.\\npunctata (spotted) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJuly; Alps; 1795. G. saponaria (soapwort-leaved) hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers blue or white, in August North\\nAmerica; 1796. G. septemfida (seven-cleft); hardy perennial\\n9 inches flowers blue, in June Persia 1804. G. veriia\\n(vernal) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers blue, in April\\nEngland.\\nThere are many other showy species.\\nGeranium. Crane s-bill. Geraniaceae. Ornamental\\nherbaceous plants. Common garden soil. Increased readily\\nby division or by seeds.\\nG. aconitifolhmi (aconite-leaved) hardy perennial 18 inches\\nflowers white, in June Switzerland 1775. G. cristatmn\\n(crested) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers veined with red,\\nin July Iberia; 1820. G. Dalmricinn (DdhuYidin); hardy per-\\nennial I foot; flowers purple, in June; Dahuria; 1820. G.\\nIbericiijn {IhenTin) hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers blue,\\nin July; Levant; 1802. G. Lancastriense (Lancaster); hardy\\nperennial 9 inches flowers striped, in June Britain. G.\\nMexicamnn (Mexican) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers pale\\npurple, in August; Mexico; 1832. G. pratense (meadow);\\nhardy perennial 18 inches flowers blue or white, or blue and\\nwhite striped, single or double, in June Britain. G. rubifolium\\n(bramble-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers pink, in\\nJuly; Himalayas; 1839. sanguiiieum (bloody); hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers crimson, in July Britain.\\nThere are many other species.\\nGerardia. [Scrophulariaceae.] A family of annuals,\\nbiennials, and perennials, mostly natives of North America,\\nand of difficult culture. Soil, leaf-mould and sand.\\nG.fiava (yellow) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers yellow,\\nin August North America 1796. G. qitercifoUa {o2k-\\\\Q2.\\\\Q^);", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0216.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. I//\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers yellow, in August North\\nAmerica; 1812. G. purpurea (purple); hardy annual flowers\\npurple, in August North America 1772.\\nGeum. Avens. [Rosaceae.] Hardy perennials, some of\\nwhich are ornamental. Soil, sandy loam. Propagated by\\ndivision or by seeds,\\nG. album (white) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in\\nJuly; North America 1730. G. Canadoise {Q2iT\\\\.2id\\\\2iVL)\\\\ hardy\\nperennial; 18 inches; flowers yellow, in July; Canada; 18 10.\\nG. Chilense (Chili) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers copper-\\ncolor, in July Chili 1826. The variety atro-sanguineuin has\\nthe flowers dark blood-colored variety grandiflorujn, scarlet.\\nG. 7nacrophyllum (large-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in July; Kamtschatka 1804. G. Pyrenaiciwi (Py-\\nren^an) hardy perennial; 18 inches flowers yellow, in July\\nPyrenees 1804. G. Virginianum (Virginian) hardy perennial\\n18 inches flowers white, in July North America 1730.\\nGiant-Fennel. See Ferula.\\nGiLiA. Polemoniacae. Favorite hardy annuals, with\\nsmall cup-like, but very pretty simple flowers. There are\\nseveral varieties, and but little to distinguish them from each\\nother save the different shades of color. G. tricolor is the\\nbest for general purposes it is neat, dwarf, and free flower-\\ning. Being as hardy as most of the annuals, it may be sown\\nin May where it is to bloom, and should not be too much\\ncrowded. It will bloom from June onwards in succession.\\nG. achillecEfolia (milfoil-leaved) hardy annual i foot flowers\\npurple-blue, in June; California; 1833. G. capitata (round-\\nheaded) hardy annual 2^ feet flowers gray-blue or white, in\\nJune; Columbia; 1826. G. gracilis (slender); hardy annual;\\n6 inches; flowers pink, in July; North America; 1826. G.\\nienuijiora (slender-flowered) hardy annual 2 feet flowers\\nrose and violet, in July California. G. tricolor (three-colored);\\nhardy annual i foot flowers lilac, yellow, and black, in June\\nCalifornia 1833. Of this there are the varieties nivalis^ white,\\n12", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0217.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "IQO GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nblue, in June Cape 1 768. H. pilosa (hairy) hardy annual\\nI foot; flowers blue, in July; Cape 1768. H. stricta (erect);\\nhardy annual i foot flowers blue, in June Cape 1823. H.\\ntrifida (three-cleft) hardy annual i foot flowers blue, in\\nJune Cape 1819.\\nHeliotrope. See Heliotropium.\\nHeliotropium. Heliotrope. [Boragineae.] A genus\\ncomprising stove and hardy annuals, and stove and green-\\nhouse shrubs, of little importance, except the Peruvian\\nHeliotrope H. Periivia?iiim), which is a great favorite in\\nflower-gardens, and bears very fragrant blossoms, prized\\nchiefly for their perfume. This species is, strictly speaking,\\na greenhouse low shrub. The young shoots will strike freely\\nin light sandy soil during summer, under a frame or hand-\\nglass, but more readily with slight warmth. When well\\nrooted, they may be potted into small pots, and placed in a\\nframe or in the greenhouse, where they may grow till their\\nroots show through the bottom of the pots, and then be\\nchanged into those of the next larger size. Top the leading\\nshoots to produce laterals. They must be wintered in a\\ndryish part of the greenhouse. If intended for beds and\\nborders, they must be hardened in cold frames in the spring,\\nand planted out in May after danger from frost is over. It\\nis sometimes preferred to keep an old plant or two through\\nthe winter, and to put them into a hot-bed or warm house\\nabout February, when they will produce plenty of young\\nshoots, the tops of which are quickly struck in a hot-bed\\nand, if potted and gradually hardened, make good plants for\\nturning out in May. Where there are no such conveniences,\\nthe plants may be kept in a warm part of the greenhouse in\\nspring, and the young shoots taken off as soon as they grow,\\nplanted in sandy soil, and covered by a glass. When\\nrooted, they may be potted, or at once planted out, according", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0218.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n191\\nto the season. There are now several varieties of the Peru-\\nvian Heliotrope the principal variations consisting in the\\nlarger size of the blossoms, and the deepening of the color,\\nwhich, in the variety Voltaireanum, is of a deep purple. H.\\ncorymboswn, and many other varieties, are worth growing.\\nBoth for flower-beds and for bouquets, the Heliotrope may\\nbe considered indispensable. Seed of the annual kinds\\nmay be sown in March, in a frame or greenhouse; the\\nplants, when large enough, may be pricked out three or four\\nin a pot, and, as they advance, potted singly, or planted out\\nwhere they are to remain.\\nH. corymbositin (corymbose) greenhouse shrub 4 feet\\nflowers lilac, in July; Peru; 1800. H. Peruvianu7?t (Peru-\\nvian); greenhouse shrub; 18 inches; flowers lilac or purple,\\nin July Peru 1757.\\nHellebore. See Helleborus.\\nHelleborus. Hellebore. [Ranunculacese.] Showy hardy\\nperennials, of easy culture, growing in good garden soil, and\\na rather shady situation, and increasing by dividing the\\nroots in the dormant season. It is a desirable family. H.\\nniger, called the Christmas Rose, is a favorite dwarf species,\\nwhich flowers all through the winter. H. Olympicus, and\\nsome others of the Oriental species, are the better for slight\\nprotection their early blossoms being otherwise disfigured.\\nThese, and H. atrorubens, with purple flowers, are the most\\ndesirable.\\nH. atrorub-ns (dark-red) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\npurple, in May; Hungary; 1820. H, fcetidus (bear s-foot)\\nhardy perennial 18 inches; flowers green, in May; England.\\nH. lividics (livid) hardy perennial i foot flowers purplish, in\\nMay; Corsica; 1710. H.niger (Christmas Rose); hardy per-\\nennial I foot; flowers white, in January; Austria; 1596. H,\\n7^tfr2 f J (sweet-scented) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers\\ngreen, in May; Hungary; 1817. H. Olympicus (Olympian);", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0219.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "192 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers pinkish-white, in May; India\\n1840. H. Oriejttalis {Y.2iS\\\\i rn) hardy perennial; i foot; flow-\\ners purplish, in May; India; 1839. H. purpiirascens {^mx-\\npHsh); hardy perennial 18 inches; flowers purpHsh, in May\\nHungary; 18 17. H. vernalis (spring); hardy perennial; 6\\ninches flowers white, in May Austria 1596.\\nHelonias. [Melanthacege.] Hardy herbaceous peren-\\nnials. Soil, peat, and a damp shady situation. Increased\\nby division.\\nH. angustifolia (narow-leaved) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers white, in May; North America; 1823. H. bullata\\n(bossed) hardy perennial i foot flowers purple, in April\\nNorth America; 1758. H. ejythrospenna {v d-? Qtdiedi) hardy\\nperennial 6 inches flowers white, in June North America\\n1770.\\nHemerocallis. Day-lily. [Liliacece.] Hardy, coarse-\\nlooking, but gay, herbaceous perennials, producing showy\\nflowers that last but one day; hence the common name.\\nThey are of the simplest culture, growing readily in ordi-\\nnary garden soil, and are propagated by dividing the plants.\\nThe flowers are pretty, and freely produced from June to\\nAugust.\\nH. disticha (two-rowed) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners orange, in May China 1 798. H. flava (yellow) hardy\\nperennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in summer.\\nHemlock. See Abies.\\nHemp. See Cannabis.\\nHenbane. See Hyoscyamus.\\nHepatica. [Ranunculaceae.] Pretty dwarf hardy herba-\\nceous perennials. The common Hepatica H. trilola) is\\none of the earliestof the spring flowers. These plants require\\na well-drained border, sandy loam with one-third peat is\\npreferable, and never succeed well in soil where there is", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0220.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 93\\nStagnant moistifre. They deserve a place in every choice\\ngarden for their dwarf habit, bright colors, and early flowers.\\nThe plants increase by side-shoots, which spread into a\\nmoderate-sized tuft in a season or two if undisturbed they\\nare increased in number by separating these tufts, so that\\neach heart, or side-shoot, with roots attached, may become a\\nplant. This is done in spring, the roots being separated into\\npieces not too small for, although the smallest bit would\\nin time spread, they would be two or three seasons before\\nthey were fit to plant in the borders these should be\\nplanted in nursery-beds, about six inches apart, and, after\\none season s growth, they will be large enough to plant out\\nwhere they are to remain. The beds must be kept clear\\nfrom M eeds. These plants are rather impatient of extreme\\ndrought. The double varieties are superior to the single,\\nand therefore are mostly cultivated but the double white is\\nvery scarce, if not altogether lost, and therefore the single\\nwhite is grown.\\nThe single varieties are natives of our woods, and are\\namong the first flowers of spring. The double varieties\\nmust be imported from England or Germany. H. acutiloba\\nis only a variety of H. triloba.\\nH. acutiloba (acute-lobed) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners blue, in March; North America; 1818. H. triloba (three-\\nlobed) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers blue, white, or pink,\\nsingle or double, in April Europe 1573. H. angulosa is a fine\\nspecies from Hungary, with blue flowers twice as large as the\\ncommon species, on tall footstalks, in May 1864.\\nHeracleum. Cow Parsfiip. [Umbelliferse.] Large\\ncoarse-growing hardy perennials and biennials, bearing large\\numbels of white flowers. The larger sorts are admirable\\nplants for rough borders, rock-work on a large scale, wilder-\\nness scener)^, or wherever a bold, striking, picturesque effect\\n13", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0221.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "194 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nis required. Soil, deep rich loam. Incre^ed abundantly\\nby seeds. H. giganteum and Fersiawi are some of the best\\nfor these purposes.\\nHesperis. Rocket. [Cruciferae.] A genus of hardy\\nplants, annual, biennial, and perennial. Some of the vari-\\neties of the common Rocket (H. matronalis), especially the\\ndouble white and double purple, are very great favorites in\\nthe flower-gardens. They are rather difficult to manage, es-\\npecially in old gardens or in confined situations for they\\nlove fresh soil and an open situation. A light rich loam is\\nthe best for them but if an artificial compost has to be\\nmade up, as it should be if they are required in perfection,\\na third part of sandy peat mixed with two-thirds of mellow\\nloam will grow them very well. Next to soil, the great se-\\ncret of success is, not to let them stand too long in a place,\\nfor under such circumstances they are sure to dwindle. They\\nought to be taken up and divided every second year, soon\\nafter they have done flowering, that is, early in autumn,\\nand replanted in fresh soil. To have a display of healthy\\nplants every year, they should be divided into two sets\\nthose plants respectively which have bloomed in their sec-\\nond year, if taken up in each successive autumn and di-\\nvided, will furnish a constant supply of young plants, the\\nflowering of which should be prevented in the following\\nsummer, and they will then bloom vigorously in the second\\nyear from their transplantation. One reason why this con-\\nstant transplantation is necessary is, that the plant, in its\\noriginal state, is naturally a biennial, perishing after it has\\nproduced flowers. The other species, most of which are\\nalso biennials, are unimportant compared with the varieties\\nabove alluded to.\\nH. grandiflora (large-flowered) hardy biennial 3 feet flow-\\ners white and purple, in July native country not known; 1820.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0222.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 95\\nH. matronalis (matronly) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nwhite or purple, single or double, in June; Europe; 1597. H.\\nspeciosa (showy) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers rose-pur-\\nple, in April Siberia; 1829.\\nHeuchera. [Saxifragaceae.] Hardy herbaceous peren-\\nnials, with simple-looking flowers. Common soil. Increased\\nby division. The species are H. Americana, cylmdracea,\\nglabra, hispida^ Menziesii, pubescens, Richardsonii, and villosa.\\nHibiscus. [Malvaceae.] A very large genus, comprising\\nhardy and stove annuals, hardy herbaceous perennials, and\\nhardy greenhouse and stove shrubs. The hardy annuals\\nmay be sown in the border in May. They do well in any\\ngarden soil, and only require to be thinned properly after\\nthey are up. The plants taken up to thin the others may\\nbe planted out carefully in other places. The hardy shrubs\\nare splendid objects toward the end of summer when planted\\nin dryish soil. They are increased by layers. The hardy\\nperennials requre peaty soil and a moist, sheltered situation.\\nH. Africamis (African) hardy annual i foot flowers cream-\\ncolor and black, in June Africa 1826. H. graiidifioriis (large-\\nflowered) half-hardy perennial 3 feet flowers flame-color, in\\nJuly; Georgia; 18 16. H. mcamis (hoary); half-hardy peren-\\nnial; 3 feet; flowers yellow, in September; CaroHna 1806.\\nH. 7noschatus (mallow-rose) hardy perennial 4 feet flowers\\nwhite and pink, in August North America 1759. H. pahistris\\n(marsh) hardy perennial 3 feet; flowers pink, in July North\\nAmerica; 1759. H. roseus (rosy); hardy perennial; 4 feet;\\nflowers pink, in July; France; 1827. H, speciosus (showy);\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers scarlet, in July North Amer-\\nica 1804. H. Syriaciis (Syrian); hardy deciduous shrub; 8\\nfeet flowers white or purple spotted, single or double, in Au-\\ngust Syria; 1596. H. Triomwi (bladder ketmia) hardy an-\\nnual 2 feet flowers cream-color and black, in July Italy\\n1596. H. Virginicus (Virginian); hardy perennial; 2 feet;\\nflowers yellow, in July Virginia 1798.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0223.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "196 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nHickory. See Carya.\\nHiERACEUM. [Compositae.] A large genus of yellow-\\nflowered composite plants, none of which are of much hor-\\nticultural importance. Common soil. Increased by divis-\\nion or by seeds.\\nHiPPOPHAE. Sea Buckthorn. [Elaeagnaceae.] Hardy\\nshrubs, allied to Shepherdia, doing well in sandy soil, and\\npropagated by layers and suckers. The species is H. rhani-\\nnoides^ with the varieties angustifolia and Siberica.\\nHolly. See Ilex.\\nHollyhock. See Alth^a.\\nHologymne. See Lasthenia.\\nHonesty. See Lunaria.\\nHoney-Locust. See Gleditschia.\\nHoneysuckle. See Lonicera and Caprifolium.\\nHoneywort. See Cerinthe.\\nHoop-Petticoat. See Corbularia.\\nHop. See Humulus.\\nHoRMiNUM. [Labiatse.] A showy dwarf hardy herba-\\nceous perennial, requiring a dry situation and a sandy soil,\\nor else to be kept in a dry cool frame in winter. Increased\\nby seeds or division. Not hardy in the Northern States.\\nH. Pyrenaicitm (Pyrenean) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nblue-purple, in June Pyrenees 1820.\\nHornbeam. See Carpinus.\\nHorn-Poppy. See Glaucium.\\nHorse-chestnut. See tEsculus.\\nHorse-Tail. See Equisetum.\\nHoTEiA. [Saxifragaceae.] A very kandsome hardy per-\\nennial, formerly called Spircza Japonica. Soil, sandy loam\\nand peat. Increased by division.\\nH. Japonica (Japan) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white,\\nin May; Japan 1835.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0224.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. IQ7\\nHound s -Tongue. See Cynoglossum.\\nHouse-Leek. See Sempervivum.\\nHousTONiA. [Cinchonaceae.] Pretty little tufted peren-\\nnial herbs. Soil, a sandy mixture of three parts peat to one\\nof loam. Increased by division.\\nH. caridea (blue) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers bluish-\\nlilac, in May; North America; 1785. H. purpurea (purple);\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers purple, in May North Amer-\\nica 1800. H. serpyllifolia (thyme-leaved); tender perennial\\n6 inches flowers white, in May; North America; 1826.\\nThese plants are now called Oldenlandia, and are rather\\ninsignificant singly, but in the mass are showy. H. c(\u00c2\u00a3rulea\\nis the species which in spring almost whitens the pastures.\\nH. serpyllifolia, a Southern species, is tender and of little\\nvalue.\\nHagelia. [Polemoniaceas.] Dwarf hardy annuals, allied\\nto Gilea, and thriving under the same treatment. Sow in\\nlight border soil in May.\\nH. densiflora (dense-flowered) hardy annual i foot flow-\\ners blue, in July California 1833. H. eloiigata (lengthened)\\nhardy annual i foot flowers deep-blue, in July California\\n1833. H. laiiata (woolly) hardy annual i foot flowers lio-ht-\\nblue, in July; California; 1847. H. hi tea (yellow); hardy an-\\nnual; 6 inches; flowers yellow, in July; California; 1833. H.\\nvirgata (twiggy) hardy annual i foot flowers deep-blue, in\\nJuly; Cahfornia 1933.\\nHumea. [Compositae.] A greenhouse biennial of sin-\\ngular grace and beauty. The seeds should be sown in May,\\nand for a year potted from smaller to larger pots, win-\\ntered in a cold frame, and in May turned into the border in\\na sheltered situation. They will grow from eight to ten feet\\nhigh. Others may be potted in twelve-inch pots, with loam\\nand dung in equal parts for the compost. Those in pots\\nmust be regularly supplied with water, because they will", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0225.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "iqS garden flowers.\\ngrow fast, and take a good deal indeed, if weak manure-\\nwater is given twice a week, when they have nearly reached\\ntheir full growth, they will be benefited. The plant looks\\nricher when not overgrown.\\nH. elegans (elegant) greenhouse biennial 8 feet flowers\\nreddish-brown, in June New South Wales 1800.\\nHuMULUS. Hop. [Cannabinace^e.] Hardy perennial\\ntwiner, stem herbaceous a useful plant for covering unsight-\\nly objects, as it grows very rapidly, and in fruit is ornamen-\\ntal. Propagated by divisions of the root. Soil deep loam.\\nH. hipidus; 15 feet flowers greenish-yellow, in July. A va-\\nriety has foliage striped.\\nHuNNEMANiA. [Papavcraccae.] A half-hardy herbaceous\\nperennial, with the habit and appearance of Eschscholtzia.\\nSoil, rich sandy loam. Increased by seeds.\\nH. fiunaricBfolia (fumitory-leaved) half-hardy perennial i\\nfoot flowers yellow, in July Mexico 1827.\\nHyacinthus. Hyacinth. [Liliacese.] Beautiful and\\nwell-known bulbs. H. amethystinus is a charming little\\nhardy species, which should be planted in sandy loam. The\\ncultivated varieties of Hyacinth are the progeny of H. Ori-\\nentalis. Immense numbers of the bulbs of these odoriferous\\nand showy plants are annually imported from Holland, and,\\nafter having been once bloomed, are thrown by, or planted\\nin common borders to degenerate from neglect. To grow\\nthe Hyacinth properly, the soil should be composed of one-\\nhalf turfy loam of mellow texture, one-fourth old cow-dung,\\nor cow-dung mixed with leaf-mould, and one-fourth clean but\\ncoarse sand. For beds, loam, sand, and dung, rotted to\\nmould, in equal quantities, may be used. In soil such as\\nthis, the offsets of the Hyacinth will grow, till, in two or three\\nseasons, they come to full size and perfection and bulbs\\nthus grown annually will not degenerate. They must be", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0226.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 1 99\\nplanted in October, and be taken up when the leaves die\\ndown. The beds must be protected against severe frosts\\nand heavy rains in winter, and against all that may damage\\nthe foliage in spring. Hyacinths flower beautifully in pots\\nas well as in glasses for the greenhouse and window. Deep\\npots, five inches in diameter, should be used, the soil made\\nvery firm beneath the bulb, and the top of the bulb about\\nlevel with the surface. The medium-sized, plump-looking,\\nfull-crowned bulbs should be chosen, and potted early in\\nOctober. After potting, plunge the pots in old tan or coal-\\nashes, so as to cover them two or three inches, and let them\\nremain until removed in succession to a warm room or house\\nto forward the blooms. When grown in glasses of water,\\nthe dark-colored glasses should be preferred, and the more\\nopaque the better. November is soon enough to put the\\nbulbs in the glasses. First keep them a week or so in damp\\nsand or moss, then put them in the hollowed top of the\\nglass, and at first allow the water but just to touch their\\nbase. Rain-water, quite clean, should be used, and this\\nchanged once a week. The glasses should be set in the\\ndark until the roots have grown an inch or two in length.\\nWhen the flower-stem is advancing, two drops of spirits of\\nhartshorn may be put into the water each time it is changed,\\nwith advantage. Tye s hyacinth-glasses are the best, and\\nthese are provided with an elegant support for the stem.\\nBulbs grown in water should be put in the ground when\\ntheir flowers have decayed for they derive considerable\\nstrength from it, and, besides that, perfect their offsets, if\\nthey have any. Hyacinths will grow well in wet sand, and\\nwhen it is covered with moss the plants look very pretty.\\nH. ainethystijius (amethyst -colored) hardy bulb 9 inches\\nflowers bright-blue, in April south of Europe 1759. H. Orien-\\ncalis (Oriental) hardy bulb i foot flowers blue, white, red, or\\nyellowish; single or double, in April Levant; 1596.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0227.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "200 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nFlorists Varieties. The following are superior varie-\\nties Double Red Acteur, Prince of Wales, Sans Souci,\\nWaterloo. Double Blush Bouquet Royah, Comtesse de la\\nCoste, Grootvoorst. Dotible Blue Bonaparte, Bouquet Pour-\\npre, Grand Sultan, Laurens Koster, Lord Wellington, Oronda-\\ntus. Double White Anna Maria, Don Gratuit, La Deesse,\\nNannette, Ne Plus Ultra, Prince of Waterloo. Double yellow\\nBouquet Orange, La Grandeur, Louis d Or, Ophir. Single\\nRed Aimable Rosette, Appelius, L A.mi du Coeur, Mars, Paix\\nd Amiens, Panorama, Temple d Apollon. Single Blue Belle-\\nrophon, Grande Vidette, L Ami du Coeur, Nimrod, Orondatus,\\nOthello, Prince Albert, Vulcan. Single White Grand Vain-\\nqueur, Grande Vidette, La Candeur, Queen Victoria, Triomph\\nBlandina, Virgo. Single Yellow Heroine, La Belle Jaune,\\nIda, Due de Malakoff, San Francisco.\\nHydrangea. [Saxifragaceae.] Hardy or half-hardy de-\\nciduous shrubs, most of them showy plants. H. hortensis,\\nthe most popular of this family, has been long familiar as\\none of the commonest of market plants. Grown in the or-\\ndinary way it is very showy, but with pains it may be made a\\nvery noble object. There are two very different ways\\nof growing it, the one to form a shrubby plant the other a\\nsingle stem, and a large flower-head. The latter is the fa-\\nvorite mode of growing it for show, the aim being to produce\\nas large a head as possible. For this purpose, take cuttings\\nin July of the strongest shoots, and plant them in sandy soil\\nunder a hand-glass when rooted, pot them in five-inch pots,\\nin a compost of one-third loam, one-third dung, and one-\\nthird peat, well mixed together, and passed through a very\\ncoarse sieve. Such of them as branch out will make pretty\\nlittle shrubby plants whilst those whose growth is confined\\nto a single stem, will, in all probability, form a large flower-\\nhead. When the general set of plants drop their leaves,\\nand indicate by their terminal buds the strongest heads,\\nsome of the most promising cuttings may be taken oflj and", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0228.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 201\\nStruck in slight bottom-heat, under a bell-glass, and grown\\nin the stove at once. This will give a change of season, as\\nwell as a difference in growth but all will be fine. The\\nplants may be grown into good-sized bushes by shifting\\nevery season into large pots or tubs, which may be wintered\\nin a cold house free from frost. When growing as an out-\\ndoor shrub, the Hydrangea must be protected in some way,\\neither by matting, or covering with litter otherwise the points\\nof the shoots will be killed, and with them the incipient\\nbloom-buds. It is, indeed, sometimes, in severe winters,\\nkilled down close to the ground but it will spring up from\\nthe roots, and grow vigorously to make up for its lost wood.\\nIt should have a moist sheltered situation. The potted\\nplants struck in July should be bloomed in the greenhouse\\nbut any of them may be turned out into the borders in May.\\nThe Hydrangea, like many other plants, blooms finer when\\nyoung than when it has grown three or four years for\\nthough the plant is larger, and has more heads of flowers,\\nthe heads and the individual flowers also are smaller. The\\nplant forces well, and is one of the prettiest forced flowers\\nin spring. The H. jfaponica is very distinct, and, though it\\ndoes not bloom in such large heads as the other, its appear-\\nance is more picturesque, especially when grown as a bush.\\nH. hortensis is not hardy in the Northern States.\\nH. Belzoiiii (Belzoni s) half-hardy shrub 3 feet flowers\\nwhite and blue, in July; Japan; 1848. hortensis (garden);\\nhalf-hardy shrub; 3 feet; flowers pink, in July; China; 1740.\\nH. Japonica (Japan) half-hardy shrub 3 feet flowers white\\nand blue, in July Japan 1843. ?2^V^^ (snow-white-leaved)\\nhardy shrub 4 feet flowers white, in August Carolina; 1786.\\nHydrastis. [Ranunculaceae.] A hardy herbaceous pe-\\nrennial, not very showy. Increased by division of the root.\\nSoil, moist peaty loam.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0229.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "202 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nH. Canadensis (Canadian) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners greenish, in May North America; 1759.\\nHydropeltis. [Podophylleae.] A very pretty hardy\\naquatic, useful for the edges of ponds. Propagated by di-\\nvisions.\\nH. purpurea (purple) hardy aquatic perennial flowers dull-\\npurple, in July North America 1798.\\nNow called Brasenia peltata.\\nHydrophyllum. [Hydrophyllaceae.] Hardy herbaceous\\nperennials, of easy culture in moist peaty loam. Increased\\nby division.\\nH. appendicidatiim (appendaged) hardy perennial 9 inches\\nflowers blue, in May; North America; 1812. H. Canadeiise\\n(Canadian) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers white, in May\\nNorth America 1759. H. Virginicum (}J\\\\xg\\\\m2iXi) hardy per-\\nennial 9 inches flowers blue, in June North America 1739.\\nHymenoxys. [Compositse.] A simple dwarf yellow-\\nflowered annual. Common soil. Increased by seeds.\\nH. Californica (Californian) hardy annual 6 inches flow-\\ners yellow, in June California 1838.\\nHyoscyamus. Henbane. [Solanaceae.] Annuals and\\nsub-shrubby plants, not very showy. Common light dry-\\nsoil. Increased by seeds.\\nH. Camerarii (Camerarus s) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nyellow and purple, in July south of Europe. H. Canariensis\\n(Canary) half-hardy evergreen sub-shrub 2 feet flowers yel-\\nlow and brown, in September; Canaries; 1816. H. niger\\n(black) hardy annual i foot flowers yellow, with purple\\nveins, in July Europe.\\nHypecoum. [Fumariaceoe.] Hardy annuals, increased\\nby seeds sown in the open border in May.\\nH. erectiun (erect) hardy annual 6 inches flowers yellow,\\nin July; Siberia; 1759. H. pejiduhim (pendulous); hardy an-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0230.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 203\\nnual 6 inches flowers yellow, in July France 1640. H.\\nproawtbeiis (lying down) hardy annual i foot flowers yellow,\\nin July south of Europe 1596.\\nHypericum. St. JoJm s Wort. [Hypericaceae.] A large\\ngenus, containing many hardy species, both perennial herbs\\nand shrubs, as well as some greenhouse species. The hardy\\nperennials and shrubs all grow readily in common sandy\\nsoil, and are increased, the former by division, the latter by\\nlayers. Yellow is almost universally the color of the flowers\\nin this genus.\\nH. Ascyron (St. Peter s Wort) hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in June Siberia 1774. H. calycinum (large-calyxed);\\nhalf-hardy shrub i foot flowers large, yellow, in June Ireland.\\nH. elatum (tall) hardy sub-evergreen shrub 5 feet flowers\\nyellow, in July North America 1762. H. e7npetnfoliu7n (em-\\npetrum-leaved) half-hardy evergreen shrub 2 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in June south of Europe 1820. H. Kalmiamim (Kalm s)\\nhardy deciduous shrub 2 feet flowers yellow, in June North\\nAmerica; 1759. H macrocarpu77i (long-seeded); hardy peren-\\nnial 2 teet; flowers yellow, in August; North America; 1828.\\nH. pidchru77i (pretty) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers yel-\\nlow, in July England.\\nThere are many other species.\\nHyssopus. [Lamiaceae.] Hardy perennials, flourishing\\nin garden soil, and increased by division and seeds.\\nH. discolor (two-colored) hardy perennial flowers blue, in\\nJune Siberia 1818. H. offici7ialis (oflicinal) hardy perennial\\n2 feet flowers blue, in June south of Europe 1548.\\nThere are varieties a7igustifolia^ ca7iesce7is, fiore-rubro, and\\nvariegatus the two last being garden hybrids.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0231.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "IBERIS. Candytuft. [Cruciferae.] A genus containing\\nsome well-known hardy annuals, and a few greenhouse\\nand hardy sub-shrubs. The annuals are showy and useful\\nborder plants, perfectly hardy, growing in any kind of soil, and\\nneed only to be sown where they are to flower. They will\\nsometimes shed the seed in the borders and the plants come\\nup in autumn, and stand the winter if it be not too severe.\\nCandytuft makes a good clump-plant for a geometrical gar-\\nden, because it does not grow higher than six or nine inches,\\nand forms a complete mass of flowers in its season, being\\nliterally covered with bloom. The natural blooming season\\nmay be prolonged by sowing some in pots as early as Feb-\\nruary, thinning them as they come up, and nursing them in\\nthe greenhouse or frames till May, when they will be almost\\nin flower. The seed sown in the borders will be a month\\nor six weeks later before it flowers and a later sowing\\ntoward the end of May will carry on the succession. The\\nsub-shrubby evergreen species thrive in light soil, and the\\nhardy ones are very beautiful for rock-work, or, for early\\nblooming small groups in the flower-garden. They are\\npropagated freely by cuttings in sandy soil under hand-\\nglasses, in a shady place, early in the summer.\\ncorifolia (coris-leaved) hardy evergreen sub-shrub 6\\ninches flowers white, in May south of Europe 1739.\\nonaria (garland) hardy annual i foot flowers white, in June\\ngardens. Gibraltarica (Gibraltar) frame evergreen sub-\\nshrub I foot; flowers whitish-pink, in June; Gibraltar; 1732.\\n204", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0232.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 205\\nodorata (sweet-scented) hardy annual i foot flowers white,\\nin June; Crete; 1806. saxatilis (rock); hardy evergreen\\nsub-shrub 6 inches flowers white, in May south of Europe\\n1739. sempervirens (evergreen) hardy evergreen sub-shrub\\n9 inches flowers white, in April Candia 1731. Tenoreana\\n(Tenore s) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers pale purple, in\\nJune; Naples; 1802. lunbellata (common); hardy annual;\\nI foot flowers purple, rose, crimson, or white, in June south\\nof Europe 1596.\\nThere are several other species.\\nIlex. Holly. [Aquifoliaceae.] Beautiful evergreen trees,\\nwith prickly foliage and red berries. The English Holly in\\nits many beautiful varieties is not hardy in the Northern\\nStates. The American Holly, although found native as far\\nnorth as Maine, is often winter-killed in the New England\\nStates to the southward, it forms a splendid tree. Soil,\\nmoist loam, sandy. Propagated by berries, which do not\\nvegetate for two years.\\nopaca (dark); American Holly; hardy trees; 10 to 30\\nfeet flowers greenish, in June.\\n1. Cassine^ 7nyrtifolid, Da/won, are Southern species.\\nverticillata and Icevigata (Black Alder), and I. glabra (Ink\\nBerry), are fine ornamental shrubs, perfectly hardy, which\\nare worthy of general cultivation. The latter is evergreen.\\nThese latter are often called Prinos.\\nIllicium. Aniseed-tree. [Magnoliaceae.] Half-hardy\\nevergreen shrubs, with good foliage and curious flowers.\\nSoil, peat and loamy. Increased by cuttings of young\\nripened shoots in sand, or by layers, which take two years to\\nget well established.\\nanisatujn (Star Anise) half-hardy evergreen shrub 6 feet\\nflowers red, in May; Japan; 1790. I. Florida7m7?i {Ylorid^)\\nhalf-hardy evergreen shrub 8 feet flowers red, in May Flor-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0235.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "206 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nida; 1766. I. religiosinn (ho\\\\y) half-hardy evergreen shrub 4\\nfeet flowers green, in May Japan 1842.\\nImpatiens. Touch-me-not. [Balsaminaceae.] Annual or\\nperennial fleshy-stemmed plants, mostly requiring the assist-\\nance of artificial heat, and a moist sheltered climate. The\\ntender annuals should be raised in hot-frames, from seeds, in\\nFebruary on March, and grown on until summer, near the\\nglass, in hot-frames or hot-houses, and may then be bloomed\\nin a greenhouse after its usual occupants are placed out\\ndoors. Most of these may be raised from cuttings, or made\\nbiennial by removing all flower-buds the first year. Some\\nof them, if reared in a mild heat, and carefully inured to\\nexposure, will flower out doors in a moderately sheltered\\nsituation but they require a moist atmosphere, and moisture\\nat the roots, as well as a warm exposure. glanduligera,\\nmacrochila, and Candida are the best for this treatment\\nthese have a fine pyramidal habit, and bloom abundantly.\\nThe hardy annuals may be sown in the open border, in a\\ndampish sheltered place and there they will spring up abun-\\ndantly from scattered seeds. See Balsamina for culture of\\nthe annual kinds.\\nCandida (white) half-hardy (or tender) annual 6 feet flow-\\ners white, in July Himalayas 1839. Lfidva (tawny, spotted)\\nhardy sub-aquatic annual 4 feet flowers yellow, in July North\\nAmerica. glanduligej^a (gland-bearing) half-hardy (or ten-\\nder) annual 6 feet flowers rose-color, in July Himalayas\\n1839. inacrochila (large-lipped) half-hardy (or tender) an-\\nnual flowers pale-purple, in August India 1839.\\nIndian-Cress. See Trop^olum.\\nIndian-Pink. See Dianthus.\\nIndian-Shot. See Canna.\\nInk-berry. See Ilex.\\nInula. [Compositae.] A genus containing many hardy", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0236.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 20/\\nperennials and annuals the latter are not worth cultivating;\\nthe former are of coarse habit, and of little horticultural im-\\nportance. The flowers are yellow.. Common soil. In-\\ncreased by division.\\nloxopsiDUM. Violet Cress, [Cruciferae.] A pretty\\ndwarf, half-hardy annual, forming a beautiful plant for rock-\\nwork in a shady situation, or an undergrowth for a peat bor-\\nder, or for pot-culture. It forms close to the soil a compact\\ntuft, studded with numerous lilac, cross-shaped flowers.\\nacmde (stemless) half-hardy annual; inches; flowers\\nlilac, at various seasons Portugal 1845.\\nJPOMCEA. [Convolvulaceae,] A large genus of showy\\nconvolvulus-like plants, consisting mostly of climbing spe-\\ncies, of which the greater number require a stove tempera-\\nture. The sub-shrubby and perennial kinds are increased\\nby cuttings of the short lateral shoots in sandy soil, under\\nglasses. Those which have fleshy roots are more difficult\\nto propagate, unless cuttings of the young shoots, which\\nbreak from the crown of the tuber are taken they require\\nbrisk bottom-heat. The tuberous, fleshy-rooted sorts may\\nsometimes be increased by division, but not readily por-\\ntions of the roots, however, of the commoner sorts serve as\\nstocks on which the rarer and more difficult may be grafted\\nwith success by what is called herbaceous grafting a good\\nheat and a close frame being indispensable. The annuals\\nare raised by seeds sown in a hot-bed in early spring. The\\nsoil for them should be turfy peat and sandy loam, with\\nplenty of gritty sand added, and the roots well drained.\\nThe fleshy-rooted kinds require to be kept moderately dry in\\nwinter. Their habit is various. Some bloom in the axils\\nalong the branches and others, including Horsfallix\\nwhich is one of the best, bloom only at the end of the\\nshoots. With these latter, it is a practice to top the shoots", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0237.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "208 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nwhen five or six feet long, to cause several laterals to branch\\nout and the result is, that, though the blossoming is re-\\ntarded, there are many more flowers produced in the end.\\nStopped in this way, and trained over the roof, or the wall of\\na stove, this is one of the finest of all creepers. Many of\\nthe tender species do well in a warm sunny exposure in the\\ngarden.\\nI. ficifolia (fig-leaved); twining perennial; 15 feet; flowers\\nrosy-purple, in August; Buenos Ayres 1840. lactmosa\\n(starry); hardy twining perennial 10 feet flowers white, in June\\nNorth America; 1640. I. Michauxii (^Wok^sMx!^); greenhouse\\ntwining tuberous perennial 15 feet flowers white, in August\\nGeorgia; 181 5. I. pandiirata (Virginian); hardy twining per-\\nennial; 12 feet; flowers white and purple; North America;\\n1732. riibra-cceridea (reddish-blue); half-hardy twining an-\\nnual 10 feet flowers blue, fading red, in September Mexico\\n1833. Tweedici (Tweedie s) stove twining perennial; 10\\nfeet flowers reddish-purple, in July Parana 1838.\\nThere are numerous other species in cultivation.\\nIpomopsis. [Polemoniacese.] Splendid-flowered bien-\\nnials, of rather difiicult culture. The seeds should be sown\\nin July, thinly, in small pots set into a cold diy frame the\\nplants are to be thinned to three or four, and removed to a\\nshelf in the greenhouse, near the glass, where they remain\\nduring winter, being very moderately and carefully watered.\\nIn spring, they are shifted into five-inch pots with as little\\ndisturbance to their roots as possible but one or two of the\\nplants should be cut away, leaving the strongest. They re-\\nquire throughout very careful watering, being very impatient\\nof moisture. A compost of equal proportions of sandy peat\\nand sandy loam, mixed with lumps of charcoal to keep it\\nopen and porous, suits them and they are multiplied by\\nseeds only.\\nelegans (elegant) half-hardy biennial 3 feet flowers scar-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0238.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 2O9\\nlet, in July; North America; 1826. picta (painted); half-\\nhardy biennial 3 feet flowers scarlet, blotched white, in July\\nCaroHna 1726.\\nIresine. [Amarantaceae.] A very fine dark-foliaged\\nplant, more hardy than Qoleus and brighter than Perilla,\\nvery useful for summer bedding, and easily propagated by\\ncuttings. As a decorative plant it has no rival. Achyran-\\nthes of French florists.\\nHej bstii (Herbst s) soft- wooded shrub i foot not yet\\nflowered in cultivation Peru and La Plata 1863.\\nIris. Flower de Luce. [Iridacese.] Beautiful hardy pe-\\nrennials, of very simple culture. They prefer a loamy soil\\nsomewhat moist, and thrive best when not too frequently\\ndisturbed, as they then spread into good-sized patches, and\\nproduce a greater abundance of flowers. They are propa-\\ngated without the least difficulty by dividing the plants.\\nThere are one or t\\\\vo bulbous-rooted species, Xiphium and\\nXiphioides, the latter commonly called English, and the for-\\nmer Spanish Iris, the varieties of which are extensively cul-\\ntivated as florists flowers. The varieties of color among\\nthese bulbous kinds is very great, including white, yellow,\\nblue, purple, and many indescribable tints. These should be\\nplanted a foot apart, in a rich bed of loam, dung, and sand,\\nand should be removed only once in tw^o years the trans-\\nplanting taking place in September. They are increased by\\noffsets.\\namceiia (pleasing) hardy perennial i foot flowers white\\nand purple, in June Europe 1821. cristata (crested); har-\\ndy perennial 3 inches flowers pale-blue, in May North Amer-\\nica 1756. Floretitiiia (Florentine) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers white, in May south of Europe 1 596. GerDiaiiica\\n(German) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers dark-blue, in May\\nGermany; 1573. hitesceiis (yellowish); hardy perennial; 6\\ninches flowers yellow, in May Germany 1 748. notha\\n14", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0239.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "210 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n(hybrid); hardy perennial; i8 inches; flowers blue, in June;\\nItaly 1820. ochroleuca (yellowish) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers pale-yellow, in July; Levant; 1757. I. pallida {^2X\u00e2\u0082\u00ac)\\\\\\nhardy perennial 3 feet flowers pale-blue, in June Turkey\\n1596. Persica (Persian) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers pale-\\nblue, orange and black, in May Persia; 1629. I pumila {A\\\\M2iXi)\\nhardy perennial 3 inches flowers purple, yellow, or white, in\\nMay; Austria; 1596. Ruthenica (Russian); hardy peren-\\nnial; I foot flowers blue, in May; Siberia; 1804. I. sambu-\\ncina (elder-scented) hardy perennial 2\\\\ feet flowers purple\\nand white, in June south of Europe 1658. Sibirica (Sibe-\\nrian) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers blue or white, in June\\nSiberia; 1596. I. siib-biflora (sub-two-flowered); hardy peren-\\nnial; I foot; flowers blue, in May; Portugal; 1596. I. Susi-\\nana (Susian) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers striped, in May\\nLevant 1596. Swertii (^^^xl^\u00e2\u0082\u00ac)\\\\ hardy perennial; 18\\ninches; flowers white, in May; Hungary; 18 19. I. Xiphioides\\n(groat bulbous); hardy bulb; 18 inches; flowers various, in\\nJune Spain 1571. Xiphin7n (small bulbous) hardy bulb\\n18 inches flowers various, in June Spain 1596.\\nMany other species are in cultivation, and many very fine\\nnamed varieties may be obtained of florists. The last few\\nyears have witnessed a great improvement in this plant\\nPersica is one of the most beautiful early-flowering spring\\nbulbs. The flowers are of a most delicate texture, bright\\npurple and yellow, with pearl-colored ground. They only\\nrequire to be planted in a rich soil in the autumn, and may\\nremain for years undisturbed.\\nIsANTHUS. [Lamiaceae.] Hardy annual. Propagated\\nby seeds sown in the border in May, or earlier in a frame,\\nand transplanted.\\ncaeriUetis (blue) hardy annual i foot flowers blue, in\\nJuly; North America 181 8.\\nIsoTOMA. [Lobeliaceae.] A pretty dwarf blue flowering\\nplant, resembling a Lobelia, requiring greenhouse protec-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0240.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n211\\ntion in winter, but blossoming freely as a bedding-plant in\\nsummer. Soil, sandy loam, in a warm exposure. The\\nplants should be raised from seed in summer, and wintered\\nin the greenhouse ready to plant out the following May.\\naxillaris; i foot flowers blue, in July New South Wales\\n1824.\\nItea. [Escalloniaceae.] A pretty white-flowering native\\nshrub, not hardy in the Northern States. Soil, moist sandy\\npeat. Propagated by suckers and layers.\\nVirginica (Virginian) hardy shrub j 6 feet flowers white,\\nin July.\\nIvy, See Hedera.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0243.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "m^m\\nWm\\nliiig^f\\nmMb^k^^\\nti^ mM^-ith^^i:^*^\\nACOBEA. See Senicio.\\nJacobean Lily. See Sprekelia.\\nJacob s Ladder. See Polemonium.\\nJapan Allspice. See Chimonanthus.\\nJapan Cedar. See Cryptomerea.\\nJapan Yew. See Cephalotaxus.\\nJasione. Sheep s-scabious. [Campanulaceae.]\\nPretty\\ndwarf herbs, bearing blue flowers collected in heads. The\\nannuals may be sown in the borders in May, and require no\\nother care than thinning if the plants come up too thick.\\nThe perennials are increased by seeds, or by division, and\\nrequire but to be planted in a warm border, in sandy soil,\\nand winter protection in the Northern States.\\nJ. montana (mountain) hardy annual i foot flowers pale-\\nblue, in June England. J. perenjiis (perennial) half-hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers blue, in June France 1787.\\nJeffersonia. [Podophyllaceae.] A neat hardy herba-\\nceous perennial. Soil, sandy loam. Increased by division\\nof the plant, which should be done in spring, or by seeds.\\ny. diphylla (two-leaved) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nwhite, in May North America 1792.\\nJob s Tears. See Coix.\\nJonquil. See Narcissus.\\nJudas-Tree. See Circis.\\nJuGLANS. [Juglandaceae.] Hardy or half-hardy decidu-\\nous ornamental trees. Soil, deep loam. Propagated by\\nseed the rarer sorts by grafting and budding.\\n212", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0244.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n213\\n7. cinerea (gray Butternut) 30 feet North America 1656.\\nJ.fraxijiifolia (ash-leaved) 40 feet North America. J. nigra\\n(black) 30 feet North America 1629. J. pterocarpa (winged-\\nfruited) 40 feet North America. J. regia (common royal)\\n50 feet Persia 1562. J. regia laciniata (cut-leaved) 50 feet\\nPersia. J. regia maxima (largest-fruited) 50 feet Persia.\\ny. regia pendida (weeping). J. regia serotina (late-vegetating)\\n50 feet Persia. J. regia tenera (thin-shelled) 50 feet Persia.\\nJuNiPERUS. Jimiper. [Pinace^.] Evergreens, many\\nof which are remarkably ornamental in habit, forming light,\\nspreading, more or less pendulous, bushes or low trees. The\\nJunipers prefer a light, loamy soil, but are not difficult of\\nculture in any that is moderately good, and not wet or heavy.\\nIncreased with most facility by seeds but the rarer kinds\\nmay be propagated by grafting, or by cuttings of the firm\\nyoung shoots, planted in sandy soil, on a shady border, and\\ncovered by a hand-glass. Most of the species are hardy as\\nfar north as Massachusetts, though often requiring protec-\\ntion from the winter s sun and cutting winds.\\nJ. Chinensis (Chinese) 10 feet flowers in May; China 1804.\\nJ. comiminis (common) 5 feet flowers in May Britain. J.\\ncommunis Canadensis (Canadian) 20 feet flowers in May\\nCanada; 1820. J. commimis nana (dwarf); 2 feet; flowers in\\nMay Siberia. J. connmtnis oblonga (oblong-fruited) flowers\\nin June. J. commimis oblonga pendula (oblong-weeping); 5\\nfeet; flowers in May; Britain. J. Suecica (Swedish); 12 feet;\\nflowers in May North of Europe. J. Cracovia (Cracovian) 4\\nfeet; flowers in May; Poland; 1820. J. Daurica (Dahurian)\\n8 feet; flowers in July; Dahuria 1791. J. dntpacea (drupe-\\nfruited) 4 feet flowers in May Syria 1820. J. excelsa (tall)\\n20 feet Siberia 1806. J. glauca (milky-green) flowers in\\nMay China 1814. J. heinisphcerica (half-globe-headed) flow-\\ners in May; Mount Etna; 1844. J. Hermanni (Hermann s);\\nflowers in May. J. Lycia (Lycian) 10 feet; flowers in May;\\nsouth of Europe 1759. 7- macrocarpa (large-fruited) flowers", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0247.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "214 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nin May; Greece. J.obloiiga (oblong); flowers in May; Ameri-\\nca 18,29. J. oxycednis (sharp-cedar) 15 feet flowers in May\\nSpain; 1739. J. Phcrnicea (Phoenician) 20 feet flowers in May;\\nsouth of Europe; 1683. J. recurva (curved); 4 feet; flowers\\nin May; Nepaul 1817. J. religiosa (religious); flowers in\\nMay. J. sabina (common savin) 4 feet flowers in May south\\nof Europe 1548. J. sabina Alpina (Alpine) 18 inches flow-\\ners in May Britain. J. sabina ctipressifolia (cypr\u00c2\u00a3ss-leaved)\\n4 feet; flowers in May; south of Europe; 1548. J. sabina\\nfoliis variegatis (variegated-leaved) 4 feet flowers in May\\nEurope, J. prostrata (prostrate) 9 inches flowers in May\\nNorth America. J. ta7nariscifolia (tamarisk-leaved) 4 feet\\nflowers in May south of Europe 1562. J. tainariscifolia va-\\nriegata (variegated) 5 feet flowers in May south of Europe.\\nJ. Smithii (Smith s) flowers in May Nepaul. J. sqiiamata\\n(scaly); 4 feet flowers in May; Nepaul; 1824. J.tJmrifera\\n(incense-bearing); 10 feet; flowers in May; Spain; 1572. J.\\nuvifera (grape-bearing) Cape Horn. J. Virginiajta (Virginian);\\nRed Cedar; 30 feet; flowers in May; North America; 1664.\\nJ. Virginiana Caroliniana (Carohnian) flowers in May Caro-\\nlina. 7. Virginiafta Jmmilis (humble) 12 feet flowers in May;\\nNorth America; 1800.\\nJuRiNEA. [Composite.] Hardy herbaceous perennials.\\nCommon soil. Increased by division of the root.\\nJ. spectabilis (showy) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers pur-\\nple, in June; Europe; 1837. J. subacaiilis (short-stemmed);\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers purple, in June Caucasus\\n1837.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0248.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "IV^ALMIA. [Ericaceae.] Beautiful evergreen shrubs,\\nreadily forced into early blossom by the stimulus of\\nartificial heat. The proper soil for them is sandy peat\\nearth. It is, in fact, the usual and the best practice to\\nplant Kalmias, together with Rhododendrons, Azaleas, and\\nother plants of like nature, in separate beds or patches,\\nprepared with peat-soil. They are usually increased by\\nlayers made at the end of summer, but may also be raised\\nfrom seeds, in which case the seeds require to be sown in\\nshallow pans of sandy peat, and kept close in a frame the\\nseedlings are transplanted to other pans as soon as large\\nenough to be handled, and again kept close for a time until\\nestablished, when they are gradually inured to exposure.\\nK. aiigustifolia (narrow-leaved) hardy evergreen shrub 2\\nfeet; flowers red, in June; North America 1736. K. glauca\\n(glaucous) hardy evergreen shrub 3 feet flowers red, in\\nMay; North America; 1767. K. hirsuta([\\\\2i\\\\ry) hardy ever-\\ngreen shrub 18 inches flowers red, in August North Amer-\\nica 1786. K. latifolia (broad-leaved) hardy evergreen shrub\\n6 feet flowers pink, in June North America 1734.\\nThere are many garden varieties of angiistifolia. K, ros-\\nmarinifolia is a variety of K. glauca, and K. myrtifolia of\\nK. latifolia.\\nKaulfussia. [Composite.] A pretty dwarf hardy an-\\nnual. Sow the seeds in May on finely pulverized soil, or in\\na frame in April, and transplant. If late-flowering plants\\nare required, the seed may be sown during the summer.\\n215", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0251.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "2l6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nK. amelloides (amellus-like) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nblue, in July; Cape of Good Hope; 1819. K. cesmlifolia\\n(horse-chestnut-leaved) hardy annual i foot flowers brown\\nand yellow, in July.\\nKentrophyllum. [Compositae.] Hardy annuals of lit-\\ntle importance. Common soil. Increased by seeds, or, in\\nthe case of a half-hardy evergreen shrubby species, by cut-\\ntings. The species are K. arborescens (half-hardy, shrubby),\\nCretica, laiiata, and Taiirica.\\nKentucky Coffee-Tree. See Gymnocladus.\\nKerria. [Rosaceae.] A hardy deciduous shrub, with\\ngreen stems and yellow flowers, often seen against walls and\\nfences in old gardens. It is a free-growing plant, adapted\\nfor such situations growing best in light soils. Readily in-\\ncreased by suckers, or by cuttings, under a hand-light. The\\ndouble-flowered variety is the most ornamental. There is a\\nfine variety with beautifully white variegated foliage.\\nK. Japonica (Japan) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nMay; Japan; 1700.\\nKidney-Bean. See Phaseolus.\\nKcelreuteria. [Sapindaceae.] A small hardy deciduous\\ntree, with elegant pinnate foliage, and upright panicles of\\nyellow blossoms. It is suitable for a pleasure-ground or\\nshrubbery. Will grow in ordinary garden soil, and is in-\\ncreased by seeds, or by cuttings of the roots or branches.\\nK.paniculata (panicled) hardy tree 12 feet flowers yellow,\\nin August; China; 1763.\\nKoNiGA. [Cruciferae.] A simple, but useful dwarf hardy\\nannual. Sow the seeds in spring in the borders where the\\nplants are to bloom. The flowers have a rather peculiar,\\nstrong, but not disagreeable scent, resembling that of honey.\\nK. maritiina (sea-side, or Sweet Alyssum) hardy annual i\\nfoot flowers white, in May England.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0252.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "LABRADOR-TEA. See Ledum.\\nLaburnum. See Cytisus.\\nLady s Mantle. See Alchimilla.\\nLady s Slipper. See Cypripedium.\\nLady s Smock. See Cardamine.\\nLagenaria. Bottle Gourd. [Cucurbitaceae.] Annual\\ntrailing plants, requiring to be raised in heat in spring, and\\nhardened off previously to their being planted out about the\\nend of May in sheltered places, such as against walls and\\npalings, or on a raised beds in a warm corner of the garden.\\nRich light soil. Increased by seeds. The curious bottle-\\nshaped fruits are the objects for which they are cultivated;\\nbut the white flowers are also very pretty.\\nL. idolatrica (idol-like, pear-fruited) flowers white, in June.\\nZ. vittata -(banded) flowers white, in June. L. vulgaris (com-\\nmon) ID feet; flowers in August; 1597. L. vulgaris clavata\\n(club-shaped); 10 feet; flowers in August; 1597. L. vulga-\\nris depressa (depressed); 10 feet; flowers in August; 1597.\\nL. vulgaris courgourda (courgourde) 10 feet; flowers in Au-\\ngust 1597. L. vulgaris turbiiiata (top-shaped) 10 feet flow-\\ners in August 1597.\\nLagerstrcemia. [Lythraceae.] A genus of handsome\\nshrubs, containing some greenhouse species. Soil, peat and\\nloam. Propagated by cuttings of the small half-ripened\\nlateral shoots in sand, under bell-glasses in heat. These\\nplants bloom finely, planted out, in the flower border in sum-\\nmer, and wintered in a cool frost-proof cellar.\\n217", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0255.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "2l8 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nL. Indica (Indian); warm greenhouse evergreen shrub; I2\\nfeet; flowers white or rose-colored, in August; China; 1816.\\nL. speciosa (showy) warm greenhouse evergreen shrub 6 feet\\nflowers rose-colored, in August China; 1826.\\nLagurus. [Graminese.] A hardy annual ornamental\\ngrass, growing in any garden soil.\\nL. ovatus (ovate) hardy annual i foot apetalous, August\\nGuernsey.\\nLamium. [Labiaceae.] Hardy plants, of which some of\\nthe dwarf perennial varieties, and Z. maculatum, with varie-\\ngated foliage and white or red blossoms, are pretty subjects\\nfor rock-work. Common soil. Increased by division.\\nLantana. [Verbenaceae.] Stove shrubs, many of the\\nmore shov^y of which, however, may be considered as green-\\nhouse plants, if they can be started in spring, in a frame or\\nwarmer house. The larger species should be kept rather\\ndry in winter, when they will be induced to rest, and will lose\\ntheir foliage but, if they are excited at that season, they con-\\ntinue growing, and remain evergreen. In spring, or in Febru-\\nary, thdy are to be pruned ^lose back, and started tO; grow in\\na stove or warm pit. They are free growers, and require to\\nbe shifted into larger pots as their roots become numerous.\\nThey should have a free rich loamy soil, consisting of loam,\\npeat, and leaf-mould, equal parts, with sand added if neces-\\nsary. The young shoots in spring should be freely stopped,\\nto produce bushy growth. Z. Sellowiana should have three\\nparts sandy peat-earth in the compost, and, though rested by\\ncomparative dryness and coolness in winter, ought not to be\\ndried so much as the larger sorts. They do not require the\\ntemperature of the stove that of an intermediate house\\nsuits them best. In warm and dry sitations, where the soil\\nis rather sandy, Z. Sellowiana forms good beds in the flower-\\ngarden, looking like a purple verbena and most of the lar-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0256.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 219\\nger species succeed under the same treatment. Cuttings\\nroot very readily in sand, planted in the usual way, and set\\nin a hot-bed. Young plants should be raised from cuttings\\nduring summer, to be shifted on for flowering the following\\nspring. The following are selected from the numerous\\nkinds as being the most useful.\\nL. actileata (prickly) stove shrub 3 feet flowers yellow,\\nchanging to deep orange-red, in May; West Indies; 1692. L.\\nCainara (Camara) stove shrub 5 feet flowers golden, chan-\\nging to deep-orange or vermilion; South America; 1691. L.\\ncrocea (saffron) stove shrub 3 feet flowers yellow, changing\\nto saffron, in May West Indies 1691. L. imitabilis (change-\\nable) stove shrub 3 feet flowers lilac, changing to rose, in\\nMay East Indies. L. nivea (white) stove shrub 3 feet\\nflowers white, in May; East Indies; 1732. L. purpurea {^uy-\\nple) stove shrub 2 feet flowers pale-rose, changing to rosy\\nlilac; South America; 1820. L. Sellowiaiia (Sellow s); cool\\nstove shrub 2 feet flowers purple, all summer Monte Video\\n1828.\\nLarix. Larch. [Pinacese.] A family of hardy well-\\nknown trees, flourishing in any soil. Propagated by seeds.\\nL. G7nelini (Gmelin s) Northern Siberia. L. Griffithi (Grif-\\nfith s) 50 feet; Nepaul 1854. L. Katntschatika {K2LV[i\\\\.sQh2X-\\nka). L. larix (larch) 100 feet Alps. L. larix rcpe7is (creep-\\ning). L. larix pejtdula {diYOO^mg). L. Ledeboi^rii {Le. Qhowc s).\\nL. leptolepis (slender-scaled) north of Japan. L. 7nicrocarpa\\n(small-coned); 100 feet; North America. L. peTtdula {droo^-\\ning) North America. L. Sibirica (Siberian) Siberia.\\nLarkspur. See Delphineum.\\nLasthenia. [Compositae.] Hardy annuals thriving in\\npoor soil, and increased by seed.\\nL. Californica (Californian) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nyellow, in July California 1834. Z. glabrata (smooth) hardy\\nannual; i foot; flowers yellow, in July; California; 1834. L.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0257.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "220 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nobtusifolia (blunt-leaved) hardy annual i foot flowers yellow,\\nin July Chili 1833.\\nLathyrus. [Leguminosas.] A genus of showy hardy\\nplants, annual and perennial, mostly climbers. The best of\\nthem is the Sweet-pea L. odoratus) and there is not among\\nthe annuals a better nosegay flower than this, nor, now that\\nthere are many varieties, is there a more lively garden orna-\\nment. It has been attempted to grow the different colored\\nvarieties separate, and a majority will sometimes prove like\\nthe parent, but they do not look so well any way as mixed.\\nThey maybe sown in pots, in a warmish frame, in March, for\\nearly bloom and two months afterwards they may be sown\\nin the borders of th6 open ground others may be sown in\\nMay and June if a succession is desired. They grow in any\\ngood light soil, and all the attention they require is to be\\nfurnished with a few bushy branches stuck in the ground\\nfor them to cling to. If they are not allowed to seed, and\\nthe decayed blooms are removed as fast as they decline, the\\nbloom will continue some time but, if they are allowed to\\nswell their pods, the bloom goes off much sooner. The per-\\nennials may be raised by seeds or by division, and merely\\nrequire to be planted in the position they are to occupy per-\\nmanently, and to have pea-stakes put to them annually for\\ntheir branches to climb over.\\nL. Altaicus (Altaic) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers violet,\\nin June; Altai; 1832. L. Annitageaniis (Armitage s) hardy\\nclimbing perennial 8 feet flowers purple-blue, in May Bra-\\nzil 1824. L. decaphyllus (ten-leaved); hardy climbing peren-\\nnial 4 feet flowers red and lilac, in June North America\\n1827. L. grandijlorus (large-flowered); hardy climbing peren-\\nnial 4 feet flowers pale and deep rose, in July south of Eu-\\nrope 1 8 14. L. /(3:/{)^^//wj- (broad-leaved) hardy perennial; 5\\nfeet flowers pink, in August England. L. ^/^^r^/(McRae s)\\nhardy climbing perennial 3 feet flowers purple and white, in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0258.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 221\\nOctober; Chili; 1824. Z. Magellanicus (Magellan); hardy\\nclimbing perennial 6 feet flowers blue, in July Cape Horn\\n1744. L. odoratiis (sweet-pea); hardy annual; 4 feet flowers\\nvarious, in July Sicily; 1700. L. Tingitaims (T^Lagitr) hardy\\nannual 4 feet flowers dark rose-purple, in July Barbary\\n1680.\\nLavandula. Lavender. [Labiaceae.] Evergreen shrubs,\\nwell known from the fragrance of their flowers. Some of\\nthe species require greenhouse protection. Sandy loam for\\nthe hardy kinds, and light loamy soil for the tender ones.\\nIncreased by cuttings.\\nL. dentata (tooth-leaved); greenhouse evergreen shrub; 18\\ninches; flowers lilac, in August south of Europe 1597. L. spica\\n(common spike) hardy evergreen shrub 2 feet flowers hlac,\\nin July south of Europe 1568. L. Stcechas (Staechas) hardy\\nevergreen shrub; 18 inches; flowers lilac, in June; south of\\nEurope 1568. L. vera (true) hardy evergreen shrub 2 feet\\nflowers gray-blue, in July; south of Europe; 1568. Z. viridis\\n(green); greenhouse evergreen shrub 18 inches; flowers pur-\\nple, in June Madeira 1777.\\nLavatera. [Malvaceae.] Hardy and half-hardy plants\\nof the Mallow tribe. The annuals should be sown in the\\nborders in March, and are increased by seeds. The others\\nare increased by seeds, and require to be planted in a shel-\\ntered situation, in which they are sometimes destroyed, some-\\ntimes uninjured by the winter. The shrubby kinds may\\nalso be propagated by cuttings. A light dry soil suits all of\\nthem. There are several species, but, excepting those named\\nbelow, they are not of much interest, being coarse.\\nZ. arborea (tree) hardy biennial 6 feet flowers pale rose-\\npurple, in August Britain. Z. Neapolita7ia (Neapolitan) har-\\ndy perennial 6 feet flowers purple, in July; Italy; 1818. Z.\\nphoenicea (red); half-hardy shrub 5 feet flowers pink, in July\\nCanaries; 1816. Z. Thiiringiaca (Thuringian) hardy peren-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0259.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "222 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nnial; 4 feet; flowers pale-blue, in July; Germany; 1731. L.\\ntrimestris (three-month) hardy annual 2 feet flowers flesh-\\ncolor, in June Spain 1633.\\nLavender. See Lavandula.\\nLaurel Mountain. See Kalmia.\\nLeadwort. See Plumbago.\\nLeatherwood. See Dirca.\\nLedum. See Ammyrsine.\\nLedum. Labrador Tea. [Ericaceae.] Pretty hardy ever-\\ngreen American plants. Soil, a rather sandy peat. In-\\ncreased by layers. They are well suited for the margins of\\npeat-beds.\\nL. Canadefise {Qz,n-3i6i2in) hardy evergreen shrub 18 inches;\\nflowers white, in April; Canada; 1763. L. latifolm7n (brodid-\\nleaved) hardy evergreen shrub 3 feet flowers white, in April\\nNorth America; 1763. L. palustre (marsh); hardy evergreen\\nshrub 2 feet flowers white, in April Europe 1762.\\nLemon Verbena. See Aloysia.\\nLeonotis. Lio7i s-Ear. [Labiacea.] A genus contain-\\ning some annual species, and some soft-wooded greenhouse\\nshrubs. L. leojiurus^ one of the latter, and the most com-\\nmon is, when grown vigorously, very ornamental rich or-\\nange-colored flowers being produced in profusiori in the axils\\nof the leaves. Cuttings may be planted early in spring, and\\nroot readily in bottom-heat. When rooted, they should be\\npotted into a light, rich, loamy, soil, hardened off as soon as\\npossible to the greenhouse temperature continually stopped\\nto induce bushiness of growth, and shifted, as fast as the\\npots fill with roots, to give strength to the plants. By the\\nbeginning of May, they may be transferred to cold frames\\nand during the summer they are quite as well grown exposed\\nin the open air, so that care be taken that they do not be-\\ncome parched, which destroys their foliage. After the be-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0260.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 223\\nginning of August, the shoots should not be topped, but al-\\nlowed to grow tall for blooming or, if stronger spikes of\\nbloom are required, the stopping may be discontinued earlier.\\nThe object of stopping is, however, to produce a very bushy\\nplant, that may yield a large number of flowering shoots.\\nThere is no difficulty in cultivating the plant, which, when\\nestablished, should be grown in rich loam. With this, and\\nother similar free-growing plants, it is better to raise young\\nones annually than to attempt to prune back or otherwise\\nrenovate the old specimens, which are chiefly to be pre-\\nserved to furnish cuttings in the spring.\\nZ. leonurus (lion s-tail) greenhouse sub-shrub 2 feet flow-\\ners deep-orange, in October Cape 181 2.\\nLeonurus. Motherwort. [Labiaces.] Hardy peren-\\nnials and biennials. Common soil. Increased by seeds.\\nL. cardiaca (common) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers red,\\nin July; England. There are varieties crispus and villosus.\\nL. lanatiis (woolly) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJune Siberia 1752. Z. Siberictts (Siberian) hardy biennial\\n2 feet flowers red, in June Siberia 1759.\\nLeopard s Bane. See Doronicum.\\nLepechinia. [Lamiaceae.] Hardy herbaceous peren-\\nnial, comprising one Siberian and one Mexican species, of\\nwhich the latter is not hardy. Common soil. Increased by\\ndivision.\\nZ. chenopodifolia (chenopodium-leaved) hardy perennial 6\\ninches; flowers red, in July; Siberia; 1818. Z. spicata, the\\nMexican species, has pale-yellow flowers.\\nLeptanthus. [Pontedereae.] A hardy aquatic plant,\\nwith grassy leaves, useful in a small pond. Called also\\nSchollera.\\nL.grajnineus (grassy) hardy perennial i foot flowers yel-\\nlow, in July North America 1823.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0261.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "224 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nLeptandra. See Veronica.\\nLeptosiphon. [Polemoniaceae.] Beautiful dwarf annu-\\nals, forming very pretty objects in clumps and beds, but not\\nvery long lived and, moreover, the blooms look untidy as\\nsoon as they begin to decline. The seeds may be sown in\\nthe open air in May, and should be sown thinly, because\\nthey then grow much more vigorously. They will grow in\\npoor soil, and do as well as any of the annuals in the com-\\nmon borders but, to have them in perfection, they should\\nbe grown in a very light rich soil, such as one-half very rot-\\nten cow-dung mixed with good garden earth. In the beds\\nof geometrical gardens, where they have to show a mass of\\nflowers, they should be thinned very evenly to about two\\ninches apart all over the space, because in beds which form\\nparts of a connected figure, there must not be vacancies, nor\\nmust the plants be too much drawn by being close together.\\nIn patches, the least quantity is about what could be sown\\nin a pot. Many adopt the very good plan of sowing annu-\\nals in pots, and bedding them out afterwards for the sake\\nof having the patches uniform.\\nL. androsaceus (androsace-like) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nbluish-lilac, or white, in June California 1833. L. densiflorus\\n(cluster-flowered) hardy annual i foot flowers rosy-lilac, or\\nwhite, in June; California; 1833. L. gra7idiJiorus (large-flow-\\nered) hardy annual i foot flowers blue and gold, in July\\nCahfornia 1833. L. luteus (yellow); hardy annual; i foot;\\nflowers deep-yellow, in July; California; 1833. L. pallidiis\\n(pale-yellow) hardy annual i foot flowers pale-yellow, in Ju-\\nly California 1833. Z. parviflorus (small-flowered) hardy\\nannual; i foot flowers yellow, in July California; 1833.\\nLeucojum. Snow-flake. [Amaryllidaceae.] Pretty hardy\\nbulbs, in foliage much like a Narcissus, in the flowers like a\\nSnow-drop, as the name Snow-flake suggests. They multi-\\nply by offsets in spring, and prefer sandy loam, though they", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0262.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 225\\nmay be planted in ordinary garden soil, like common Nar-\\ncissus and Hyacindis.\\nL. cestivum (summer); hardy bulb i8 inches flowers white,\\nin May; Europe. L. pulchellum (pretty); hardy bulb; i8\\ninches flowers white, in April England.\\nLeucothoe. [Ericaceae.] Hardy evergreen shrubs, form-\\ning part of the old genus Andromeda, which see.\\nLeuzea. [Compositae.] Hardy herbaceous purple-flow-\\nered perennials, allied to Serratula. Common soil. In-\\ncreased by division or by seeds.\\nLewisia. [Crassulace^.] Hardy perennial. Sandy loam.\\nPropagated by seeds and division.\\nZ. rediviva (revived) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nwhite, in July North America 1827.\\nLeycesteria. [Caprifoliaceae.] Half-hardy sub-ever-\\ngreen shrub. Sandy loam. Increased by cuttings of the\\nyoung shoots in spring under a hand-glass, or by seeds.\\nTender in the Northern States. The bark being bright\\ngreen, forms a good winter contrast to Cornus sanguineus.\\nZ. formosa (handsome), half-hardy shrub 4 feet flowers\\nwliite, with purple bracts, in August Nepaul 1824.\\nLiATRis. [Compositae.] Elegant hardy or half-hardy her-\\nbaceous perennials, of easy culture. Soil, sandy loam and\\npeat. Increased by division. The half-hardy kinds require\\nslight protection against wet in winter.\\nZ. beUidifolia (daisy-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners pink, in August North America. Z. corymbosa (corym-\\nbose) half-hardy perennial; 3 feet; flowers purple, in August\\nCarohna; 1825. Z. (elegant) hardy perennial 4 feet\\nflowers purple, in September North America 1787. Z P-r^\u00c2\u00ab-\\n//i- (slender) half-hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers purple,\\nm August; Carolina; 1818. Z. /;//.^r;//^^/\u00c2\u00ab (intermediate) har-\\ndy perennial 2 feet flowers purple, in August; North Amer-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0263.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "226 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nica 1823. L. panictdata (panicled) half-hardy perennial; 3\\nfeet; flowers purple, in August; Carolina; 1826. L. spicata\\n(spiked) hardy perennial 5 feet flowers purple, in August\\nNorth America; 1732. L. sqtiarrosa (rough-cupped) hardy per-\\nennial; 3 feet; flowers purple, in July North America; 1732.\\nL. tenuifolia (flne-leaved) half-hardy perennial; 18 inches;\\nflowers purple in August Carolina; 1820. L. tiirbinata {\\\\.\\\\xxh\\\\-\\nnate) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers purple, in August\\nNorth America 1823.\\nThere are several other species.\\nLiBOCEDRUs. See Thuya.\\nLiGULARiA. [Compositae.] Hardy herbaceous perennials,\\nallied to Cineraria. Common soil. Increased by division.\\nL. Caucasia (Caucasian); hardy perennial; 18 inches; flow-\\ners yellow, in June; Caucasus; 1816. L. Sibirica (Siberian);\\nhardy perennial 4 feet flowers yellow, in June Siberia 1784,\\nL. speciosa (showy) hardy perennial 6 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJune; Siberia; 181 5. L. thyrsoidea (thyrsoid) hardy peren-\\nnial 4 feet flowers yellow, in July Russia 1832.\\nLiGUSTRUM. Privet. [Oleaceae.] Hardy evergreen or\\nsub-evergreen shrubs. The common sort, L. vulgare, is a\\nvaluable hedge-plant the rarer sorts require a sheltered\\nsituation, and are very handsome plants for conservatory\\nwalls. Privet-hedges should be kept cut back very closely\\nwhile young, and require to be clipped at least twice a year.\\nSoil, sandy or chalky loam. Increased abundantly by seeds\\nor cuttings the rarer sorts, by grafting on the common.\\nL. Japoiiicinn (Japan) hardy sub-evergreen shrub 6 feet\\nflowers white, in July; Japan; 1845. i^icidum (shining)\\nhardy evergreen shrub; 12 feet; flowers white, in August\\nChina; 1794. L. spicatiim {^^xV^^ hardy evergreen shrub\\n8 feet flowers white, in July Nepaul 1823. L. vulgare (com-\\nmon) hardy sub-evergreen shrub 8 feet flowers white, in\\nJune Britain.\\nThe variety se7npervirens is the best.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0264.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 22/\\nLilac. See Syringa.\\nLiLiUM. Lily. [Liliacese.] Beautiful hardy or half-hardy\\nbulbous-rooted perennials, containing many distinct species,\\nnearly, perhaps quite, all of which are sufficiently hardy to\\nadmit of their being cultivated in the open garden. The\\nmost beautiful of all is the Lilium speciosum, and its superb\\nvarieties, pundatum, roseum, rubrujn, and album, some of\\nwhich are variegated as if rubies were strewn all over their\\npetals. To cultivate these in pots, a compost of one-half\\nturfy peat, one-third turfy loam, and one-third decayed cow-\\ndung, with sand, one-sixth of the whole, added, is suitable.\\nPot them in February use large pots and choose very\\nstrong double-crowned bulbs, two or three of which may go\\nin a pot a foot in diameter drain them well, and plant the\\nbulbs three or four inches below the rims place them in a\\ncold frame, and cover them from frost and heavy rains, but\\notherwise give all the air possible. When the stems are five or\\nsix inches long, fill up the pots with the compost, which will\\ncause them to root up the covered part of their stems. As\\nthey rise too high for the frame, remove them to the green-\\nhouse, where they will flower in great perfection, and retain\\ntheir beauty a long time if shaded from the heat of the sun.\\nPlants are easily raised from seeds sown an inch apart in\\npans, and placed in heat when up, let them be removed to\\nthe greenhouse, and be undisturbed two seasons they may\\nthen be placed in three-inch pots, and removed to larger, as\\nthey grow, until they flower. They are more generally mul-\\ntiplied by offsets, which form round the old roots, and such\\nplants sooner reach a flowering size. These Japan lilies are,\\nhowever, sufficiently hardy to be grown in prepared beds in\\nthe open air if the beds are covered with some light com-\\npost in winter and, grown thus, they form fine autumn-\\nblooming subjects. The hardy European and North-Asian", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0265.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "228 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nkinds grow generally well in a rich sandy loam but the\\nAmerican, Uke the Japanese kinds, prefer a compost con-\\ntaining a considerable proportion of peat. They are all in-\\ncreased from offsets, which are generally produced abundant-\\nly, or by separating the scales of the bulbs, and planting\\nthem as offsets. Some propagate from little bulb-buds which\\nare formed in the axils of their leaves and most of them\\nmay be multiplied from seeds, when it is worth while to raise\\nthem by this more tedious process. The seeds should be\\nsown as soon as ripe. The bulbs of lilies should not be suf-\\nfered to dry when they are taken out of the ground for\\ntransplanting. One of the most striking modern additions\\nto this family is the Indian L. giganteum, a stately plant eight\\nto ten feet high, with large heart-shaped leaves. It may be\\ngrown as directed for L. speciosiim, requiring that each bulb,\\nif of flowering size, should have a separate pot of from\\ntwelve to eighteen inches diameter.\\nL. atrosaiiguineiDu (dark-red) hardy bulb 2 feet flowers\\ndark-red, in July Japan 1835. aurantmin (orange) hardy\\nbulb 3 feet flowers dark-orange, in July Italy 1596. This spe-\\ncies readily produces varieties from seed. Z. Canadense (Cana-\\ndian) hardy bulb 4 feet flowers light-orange, in July North\\nAmerica 1629. L. caiididiim (white) hardy bulb 3 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June Levant; 1596. L. Caroliniamifn {CTiroYimTm)\\nhardy bulb 2 feet flowers orange, in July North America\\n1 8 19. L. CatesbcEi {C2LtQ.sby s,) hardy bulb; i foot; flowers\\nscarlet-spotted, in July; Carohna; 1787. L. Chalcedonicttm\\n(Chalcedonian) hardy bulb 3 feet flowers scarlet, in July\\nLevant 1596. L. concolor (one-colored) hardy bulb 2 feet\\nflowers red, in July China; 1806. L. croceum {^2 rovi) hardy\\nbulb 3 feet flowers saflron in July Italy 1596. L. exiju-\\niiini (splendid) hardy bulb 4 feet flowers white, in July Ne-\\npaul 1824. L. gtganU7im (gig^intic) half-hardy bulb 8 to lo\\nfeet flowers red and white, in June Nepaul 1851. L. Japon-\\nicum (Japanese) hardy bulb 2 feet flowers white, in July", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0266.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 229\\nJapan 1804. Z. lojigifoliuin (long-leaved) hardy bulb 2 feet\\nflowers white, in June; China; 1820. L. Martago?i (Turk s-\\ncap) hardy bulb 3 feet flowers lilac or white, in July Ger-\\nmany 1596. L. 7?i07iadelphuui (monadelphous) hardy bulb 2\\nfeet; flowers yellow, in July Caucasus; 1820. L.Pomponmm\\n(Pompone) hardy bulb 3 feet flowers scarlet, in May Sibe-\\nria 1659. L.picmilum (dwarf) hardy bulb i foot flowers scar-\\nlet, in July Russia 1 8 1 6. L. Sibiricum (Siberian) hardy bulb\\n2 feet; flowers yellow, in July; Siberia; 1829. L. speciosicm\\n(showy) hardy bulb 3 to 4 feet flowers crimson, in August\\nJapan 1833. The V2iY\\\\tt\\\\ts pimctahan, riibrum, and Kcsinpferi\\nare rose, spotted with crimson album is white. L. spectabile\\n(showy) hardy bulb 2 feet flowers light-orange, in June\\nDahuria; 1754. L. tenuifolium (fme-leaved) hardy bulb; 2\\nfeet; flowers scarlet, in June; Siberia; 1820. L. testaceiun\\n(testaceous) half-hardy bulb 3 feet flowers pale yellow, in\\nJune; Japan; 1841. L. Thunbergiamun (Thunberg s) hardy\\nbulb 3 feet flowers orange-scarlet, in July Japan 1835. L.\\ntigrinu7n (tiger) hardy bulb 3 feet flowers red, with black\\nspots, in July China; 1804. Z. mcratiimj this superb lily is\\ndoubtless the finest of the family .the flowers are white, banded\\nwith orange, and often a foot in diameter. In England, it has\\nbeen grown with twenty-seven flowers on a plant. It requires\\nthe same treatment as the Japan Lilies, and is probably as hardy.\\nIntroduced from Japan in 1864.\\nLily of the Valley. See Convallaria.\\nLiMNANTHES. [Tropseolace^.] Hardy annuals, of trail-\\ning habit, with neat but not showy flowers. They may be\\nsown in the open borders in May, and again in June, for\\nsuccession. They are not very particular as to soil, but pre-\\nfer a moist situation. They flower in about six weeks from\\nthe time of sowing.\\nZ. alba (white) hardy annual, 9 inches flowers white, in\\nJune; California; 1848. Z. Z ^z^^/^i-// (Douglas s) hardy an-\\nnual, 9 inches flowers white and yellow, in June California", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0267.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "230 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n1833 L. rosea (rosy) hardy annual, 9 inches flowers pale rose,\\nin June California 1848.\\nLiMNOCHARis. [Butomaceae.] Stove aquatics, one of\\nwhich, L. ffumboldtii, succeeds in the open air, in ponds or\\ntanks. It bears beautiful yellow flowers all the summer.\\nPropagated by its runners, which strike root in the muddy\\nsoil.\\nLiNANTHUS. [Polemoniaceae.] A hardy annual, growing\\nin garden soil from spring-sown seeds.\\nL. dichotomiis (forked) hardy annual 18 inches flowers pink,\\nin July California; 1838.\\nLiNARiA. Toad-flax. [Scrophulariaceae. J Hardy annual\\nand perennial herbs, the numerous species of which display\\nconsiderable diversity of character and habit about half\\nare annuals, and a few require protection. L. Alpina and\\ntristis are pretty minute plants for pot-culture; L. cymha-\\nlaria and pilosa are suitable for rock-work. They all grow\\nbest in a dryish sandy loam, and are propagated, the per-\\nennials by cuttings in summer, or division of the plants in\\nspring, and the annuals by seeds. Most of them are suita-\\nble for rock -work, especially the smaller growers. The half-\\nhardy sorts should be grown in pots, and protected in cold\\nframes in winter.\\nL. oequitriloba (equal three-lobed); hardy perennial 3 inches\\nflowers purple, in June Sardinia 1829. L Alpina (Alpine)\\nhalf-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue, in July Austria\\n1750. Z. 52^(2r///^ (two-parted) hardy annual i foot; flowers\\npurple, in June; north of Africa; 18 15; sometimes known as\\nL. spcciosa. L. cytnbalaria (ivy-leaved) hardy perennial 3\\ninches flowers lilac, in May England. Z. Dahnatica (Dal-\\nmatian) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in June\\nLevant 1731. L. delphinioides (larkspur-like) hardy biennial\\n18 inches; flowers blue, in August; Russia; 1838. L. genis-\\ntcefolia (genista-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yel-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0268.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 23 I\\nlow, in July Austria 1704. L. Monspessulana (Montpelier)\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers purple, in July France. L.\\nPelisseriana (Pelisser s); hardy annual i foot flowers purple,\\nin June; south of Europe 1640. L. Perezzi {V^rtz s); hardy\\nannual i foot flowers yellow, in June Italy. L.pilosa (hairy);\\nhardy perennial 3 inches flowers lilac, in June Pyrenees\\n1800. L. piii pzirea (purple) hardy perennial 2 feet; flowers\\npurple, in July south of Europe 1648. L. reticulata (net-\\nveined) half-hardy biennial 18 inches flowers brown and\\npurple, in July Portugal and Algiers 1 788. L. spar tea (broom);\\nhardy annual i foot flowers yellow, in June Spain; 1772. L.\\ntriornithoplioi^a (three-birds); half-hardy perennial; 18 inches;\\nflowers purple, in July; Portugal; 17 10. L. /r/j/2 (sad) half-\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers brown, in July Spain\\n1727. L. villosa (shaggy); half-hardy perennial; i foot; flow-\\ners blue, in July; Spain 1786. L. vulgaris Peloria (Peloria)\\nhardy perennial 18 inches flowers yellow, in June England.\\nThe other species are numerous.\\nLiNN.EA. [Caprifoliaceae.] A hardy trailing sub-shrubby\\nplant, commemorating the name of Linnaeus. Soil moist\\npeat, in a shady sheltered situation. Increased by separat-\\ning portions of its rooting trailing stems.\\nL. borealis (northern) hardy sub-shrub, trailing flowers flesh-\\ncolor, in June North America and Europe.\\nLiNUM. Flax. [Linaceae.] A showy genus, consisting\\nprincipally of annual or perennial herbs, which grow freely\\nin ordinar}^ garden soil, preferring sandy loam, and are prop-\\nagated by seeds, which are readily perfected. There are\\nsome shrubby greenhouse kinds, which should be grown in\\na compost of two parts peat and one of loam, with enough\\nsand added to make it open and are propagated by cut-\\ntings put in a hot-bed. The common cultivated flax is L.\\niisitatissimuni.\\nL. Alpiiium (Alpine); hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0269.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "232 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nin July Austria 1739. Altaicum (Altaic) liardy perennial\\nI foot; flowers blue, in July; Altai 1829. L. angustfolhun (nar-\\nrow-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers pale blue, in July\\nEngland. L. Aiistriaciim {KviS\\\\x\\\\2iVi); hardy perennial; i foot\\nflowers blue, in June; Austria; 1775. L. Bereiidieri (Beren-\\ndier s) half-hardy annual 2 feet flowers yellow and orange,\\nin September; Texas; 1835. bicolor (two-colored); hardy\\nannual 18 inches flowers yellow and blue, in June Morocco\\n1820. L. fiavuvi (yellow); half-hardy sub-shrub; 3 inches;\\nflowers yellow, in June Austria 1793. L. grajidifloruj/i (large-\\nflowered) hardy annual 18 inches flowers crimson, in July\\nAlgiers; 1852. Z. ///i^w^^^w/w (one-styled) half-hardy peren-\\nnial; 18 inches; flowers white, in July; New Zealand; 1832.\\nL. 7Tionta7iuni (mountain) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nblue, in June Switzerland 1817. Z. N^arbonense (Narbonne);\\nhalf-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue, in May south of\\nFrance; 1759. Z. nervosum (nerved); hardy perennial; 18\\ninches flowers blue, in June Hungary 1822. Z. Sibiricuin\\n(Siberian) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue, in June Si-\\nberia 1775. L. siiffruticosui}i {^^x^-s\\\\ix\\\\)hhy) greenhouse sub-\\nshrub I foot flowers pink, in August Spain 1759. Z. Taiir-\\nicum (Taurian) hardy sub-shrub i foot flowers yellow, in\\nJune; Tauria 1818. Z. temiifoliujn (slender-leaved); hardy\\nperennial 18 inches flowers pink, in June Europe 1789. Z.\\ntrigynum (three-styled) greenhouse shrub 2 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in June India; 1799. Z. usitatissiiniun (common); hardy\\nannual 18 inches flowers blue, in June England.\\nThere are several other species in cultivation.\\nLion s Ear. See Leonotis.\\nLisiANTHUS. See Eustoma.\\nLiQuiDAMBER. Gum-tree. [Hamamelaceae.] A hardy\\nwell-known deciduous tree, very ornamental and desirable.\\nRich loamy soil. Propagated by seeds. Hardy as far\\nnorth as Massachusetts.\\nZ. styracifera (styrax-flowing) hardy tree 50 feet North\\nAmerica 1863. Z. iinberbe is a species from the Levant.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0270.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 233\\nLiRiODENDRON. TuHp-tree. [Magnoliaceae.] A fine\\nhardy ornamental tree. Flowers yellow and red, in May.\\nPropagated by seed, layers, grafting, or budding. Deep,\\nmoist, loamy soil.\\nL. tulip/era (tulip-bearing) hardy tree 60 feet North\\nAmerica 1663. Variety obtiisifolia has blunt leaves.\\nLiTHOSPERMUM. Gromwell. [Boraginaceae.] Hardy an-\\nnuals and perennials. Dryish sandy loam. Increased by\\ndivision, cuttings, or seeds.\\nL. Orientate (Eastern) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in June Levant 17 13. L. piirpiireo-coertdeiun (purplish-\\nblue) hardy perennial i foot flowers purple-blue, in May\\nEngland. Z. rosmarinifolhun (rosemary-leaved) half-hardy\\nsub-shrub 2 feet flov/ers bright blue, in September Italy\\n1833. L. villosa (shaggy); hardy perennial i foot flowers blue,\\nin July; south of France 18 17.\\nLloydia. [Liliace^.] Hardy perennial. Dry sandy\\nloam. Division.\\nL. striata (streaked) hardy biennial 9 inches flowers white\\nstriped, in May Siberia 1789.\\nLoASA. [Loasaceae.] Hardy annuals, with pretty flowers,\\nthe stems and leaves invested with poisonous stinging hairs.\\nThey may be sown in the borders about the middle of April,\\nand again, if necessary, at the end of May. Increased by\\nseeds.\\nZ. alba (white) hardy annual 2 feet flowers white, in July\\nChih 1 831. Z.^r^;/ ^z/7(!?r 2 (large-flowered) hardy annual; 2\\nfeet; flowers yellow, in July; Peru; 1825. Z. lucida (clear);\\ngreenhouse perennial 3 feet flowers white and red, in June.\\nZ. nitida (shining) hardy annual 2 feet flowers yellow and\\nred, in June ChiU 1822. Z. picta (painted) half-hardy an-\\nnual 2 feet flowers white, yellow and red, in June South\\nAmerica; 1848. L.-F/acei {Fl3.ce s) hardy annual; 3 feet;\\nflowers yellow, in June Chili 1822.*", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0271.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "234 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nLobelia. [Lobeliaceae.] An extensive genus of very\\nshowy plants, comprising stove, greenhouse, and hardy spe-\\ncies, and consisting principally of perennial herbs, with a\\nfew annuals and biennials. Peat and loam in equal quan-\\ntities, with a sixth part sand, form a good compost for the\\nsmaller and more delicate species. The strong-growing\\nperennial kinds flourish best in rich moist loam but they\\nmust be wintered in a dry cold frame. The annuals should\\nbe raised in a slight heat in March, and pricked off into\\nsmall pots, hardened, and planted out in May they are\\nbetter for a liberal mixture of peat-earth. The shrubby and\\nsub-shrubby kinds are increased by cutdngs, planted in\\nsand, and put in a hot-bed the perennials by division in early\\nspring, the shoots being first excited into growth in a mild\\nheat, and then separated into single pots of the smallest\\nsize, and put in a warm frame until they are well established,\\nwhen they may be hardened to bear the open air. For\\nblooming in pots, the herbaceous kinds must be shifted into\\nlarger pots progressively a very rich loamy compost should\\nbe used, with abundance of moisture. The more tender of\\nthese are best kept nearly dry, under a greenhouse stage,\\nduring winter, being very liable to rot from exposure to\\ndamp. L. gracilis is a dwarf kind, bearing a profusion of\\nsmall blue flowers throughout the summer, if treated like a\\nhalf-hardy annual, and planted in the open ground in May.\\nOf the same habit are L. erinus and its varieties, grandiflora^\\ncoinpacta^ and L. decumhcns, perennials employed for the\\nsummer decoration of flower-gardens, all bearing blue flow-\\ners in profusion, and suitable from their dwarf habit for\\nplanting close by the edges of flower-beds and borders. The\\nperennial kinds are annually augmented by cross-bred varie-\\ndes, which are constantly giving place to new variations.\\nThe New-Holland perennial species enumerated below are", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0272.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 235\\nbeautiful plants, most convenient!)^ grown as annuals, and\\nsuitable either for pots or beds raised in autumn, and win-\\ntered near the glass in a cool greenhouse, they make beauti-\\nful pot-plants.\\nZ. amcena (pleasing) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers blue,\\nin July; North America; 181 2. L. bellidifolia (daisy-leaved);\\nhalf-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue, in August Cape\\n1790. L. cardinalis (cardinal-flower) hardy perennial 3 feet\\nflowers scarlet, in July Virginia 1629. Z. (Tc^/^j-Z/j- (heavenly);\\nhardy perennial 9 inches flowers pale blue, in May North\\nAmerica 1831. Z. coro?wpifolia{Q.Q)XQTiO^M%-\\\\^-is.v^^ half-hardy\\nperennial; 6 inches flowers pale blue, in July; Cape; 1752.\\nZ. deciinibens (decumbent) half-hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers blue, in August Cape 1^20. Z. densiflora (dense-\\nflowered) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers blue, in June.\\nZ. erhms (ascending) half-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nblue, in June; Cape; 1752. Z. fidgetis (shining); half-hardy\\nperennial 3 feet flowers vivid scarlet, in June Mexico\\n1809. Z. o-r^^y/j- (slender) half-hardy annual i foot flowers\\nblue, in June New South Wales 1801. Z. heterophylla (va-\\nrious-leaved) half-hardy perennial 18 inches flowers blue, in\\nMay New Holland 1837. Z. ignea (fiery) half-hardy peren-\\nnial 3 feet; flowers orange-scarlet, in June; Mexico; 1838.\\nZ. thapsoidea (mullein-like) half-hardy perennial 6 feet flow-\\ners rosy-purple, in July Organ Mountains 1843. Z. rauio-\\nsa (branched); half-hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers blue,\\nin May; New Holland; 1838. Z. jry^//?////*;^ (syphihtic) half-\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue, in September Virginia\\n1665. L. speciosa {^\\\\vQi\\\\M^)\\\\ half-hardy perennial; 3 feet flow-\\ners purple, in June gardens. Z. splendens (shining) half-hardy\\nperennial 3 feet flowers scarlet, in June Mexico 18 14.\\nThere are many others in gardens. The tall-growing\\nperennials are generally showy plants but many of the\\ndwarf kinds are unimportant, and the annuals are often in-\\nsignificant.\\nLocust. See Robinia.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0273.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "2l6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nIvONDON Pride. See Lychnis.\\nLoNiCERA. [Caprifoliaceae.] Hardy deciduous shrubs,\\nusually known as Tartarian Honeysuckle. Good garden\\nsoil. Increased by cuttings, layers, or seeds.\\nL. Alpigena (Alpine) 6 feet flowers yellow, in May south\\nof Europe 1596. L. Alpigeiia Sibirica (Siberian); 5 feet;\\nflowers yellow, in May; Siberia; 18 10. L. angustifolia (nar-\\nrow-leaved) 5 feet flowers pale-yellow, in May North India\\n1847. L. ccEVjilea (blue-berried) 4 feet flowers yellow, in\\nMay; Switzerland; 1629. L. Canadensis (Canadian); flowers\\nyellow, in May Canada 1812. L. catiescejis (hoary) 10 feet\\nMay Europe. L. ciliata (hair- fringed) 4 feet flowers white\\nand red, in May North America 1824. L. ciliata alba (white-\\nberried) 4 feet flowers white and red, in May North Amer-\\nica 1824; Z. ^/j- ;^/(?r (two-colored) 4 feet flowers yellow and\\ncrimson, in June East Indies 1844. L. diversifolia (various-\\nleaved) 4 feet flowers yellow, in May Himalaya; 1843. L.\\nfiexuosa (curved); 15 feet; flowers orange, in July; Japan; 1806.\\nL. Iberica (Iberian) 6 feet flowers orange, in May Iberia\\n1824. L. involiicrata (involucred) 3 feet; flowers yellow, in\\nMay; Hudson s Bay; 1824. L. Ledebourii (Ledebour s) 3\\nfeet; flowers yellow and red, in June; California; 1833. L.\\nmicrophylla (small-leaved); 4 feet; Siberia; 18 18, Z. nigra\\n(black) 4 feet flowers pale-yellow, in May Switzerland\\n1597. Z. nig7 -a cainpanijlora (bell-flowered); 4 feet; flowers\\nyellow, in May North America. Z. oblongifolia (oblong-\\nleaved) 3 feet flowers white, in May North America 1823.\\nZ. Orientalis (Eastern) 6 feet flowers yellow, in June Ibe-\\nria 1825. Z. Orientalis puniceus ioxviViSon) flowers crimson,\\nin May; North America; 1822. Z. Pyrenaica (Pyrenean) 4\\nfeet; flowers white Pyrenees; 1739. Z. Z^r/ 2r/(;^ (Tartarian)\\n10 feet; flowers pink, in May; Russia; 1752. Z. Tartarica\\n^/(^{/7^r 3; (white-flowered) 10 feet; flowers white, in May; Py-\\nrenees 1739. Tartarica latifolia (broad-leaved) 10 feet;\\nflowers pink, in May. Z. Tartarica lutea (yellow-flowered) 10\\nfeet flowers yellow, in May. Z. Tartarica rubriJio7 a (red-flow-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0274.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n^17\\nered) lo feet flowers red, in May Russia 1752. L. villosa\\n(shaggy); 4 feet; flowers yellow, in May; Canada; 1820. Z-\\nxylosteiim (fly) 8 feet flowers yellow, in June England. L.\\nxylosteiun leticocarptwi (white-berried) 8 feet flowers yellow,\\nin June Britain. L. xylosteiun melanocarpzwi (black-berried)\\n8 feet flowers yellow, in June Britain. L. xylosteuin xantho-\\ncarpum (yellow-berried) 8 feet flowers yellow, in June Bri-\\ntain. A fine new climber, with golden netted foliage, is known\\nas L. brachypodafol. mireo reticulata. It is a very striking plant,\\nbut needs to be laid down in winter Japan i860.\\nLoose-Strife. See Lysimachia.\\nLoPEziA. [Onagraceae.] Hardy annuals of straggling\\ngrowth, forming a pretty mass when in flower. They are\\nincreased by seeds, which may be sown in March, with the\\nhalf-hardy annuals, for transplanting, and again in May\\nwhere they are intended to bloom. The perennials are\\npropagated by cuttings in summer. Common soil.\\nL. 9r^ a:/ a: (heart-leaved) hardy annual; 18 inches; flowers\\npurplish, in July Mexico; 1821. L. corojiata {crowned) har-\\ndy annual 18 inches flowers rose-red, in July Mexico 1805.\\nL. hispida (hairy) hardy annual 6 inches flowers red, in\\nAugust; Mexico; 1826. L. Ii7ieata (lined); half-hardy peren-\\nnial; 2 feet flowers red, in May Mexico; 1839. L. raceinosa\\n(racemed) hardy annual 18 inches flowers rose-red, in July\\nMexico; i792.\\nLoPHOSPERMUM. [Scrophulariaceoe.] Showy evergreen\\ngreenhouse climbers, adapted also for planting in the flower-\\ngarden during the summer season, and for covering trellis-\\nwork. These plants all bloom pretty freely throughout the\\nsummer, and ripen seeds freely in fine seasons, from which\\nthey are best propagated they also strike readily from cut-\\ntings. Planted out for the summer, they flourish in ordin-\\nary good garden soil but if kept in pots, being large-grow-\\ning plants, they must have tolerably large pots of good", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0275.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "238 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nrich loamy soil, which, as the plants become large, and begin\\nblooming, may be enriched by applications of dilute liquid\\nmanure, or by spreading a layer of clung on the surface, to be\\nwashed in by the ordinary waterings. The old plants may\\nbe kept through the winter in a greenhouse or frost-proof\\nframe, if their fleshy roots are kept tolerably dry. L. scmi-\\ndens is a pretty plant for planting around the edges of raised\\nrustic or other flower baskets, balconies, or similar places.\\nL. erubescens (^\\\\M \\\\\\\\\\\\xi^ greenhouse climbing perennial; 12\\nfeet flowers rose, in June Jalapa 1830. Of this species\\nthere are some improved garden varieties, of which the best are\\nCliftoni^ deep bright rose Hendersoiti^ with the flowers rich\\ndeep rose and spectabilis, in which the rosy flowers are usually\\nspotted with white. L. scandeiis (climbing) greenhouse climb-\\ning perennial 6 feet flowers purplish-rose, in June Mexico\\n1834.\\nLotus. Bird s-foot Trefoil. [Leguminosas.] A family\\ncontaining many hardy annuals and perennials, none of\\nwhich are of great horticultural importance. They flourish\\nin good garden soil, and are propagated by seed. There are\\nsome fine greenhouse and half-hardy species.\\nLousEWORT. See Pedicularis.\\nLove ltes Bleeding. See Amaranthus.\\nLuNARiA. Honesty. [Brassicaces.] Hardy border plants,\\nof easy culture, very showy in blossom in May, and in seed\\nin August. Propagated by seeds.\\nL. biennis (biennial) hardy biennial i foot flowers lig^ht-\\npurple, in May 1570. A variety has white flowers. L. redivi-\\nva (revived) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers light-purple, in\\nMay 1796.\\nLungwort. See Pulmonaria.\\nLupiNUS. Lupine. [Leguminosae,] An extensive genus,\\ncomprising annuals, perennial herbs, and some few sub-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0276.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 239\\nshrubby species, nearly all hardy, easily cultivated, and pos-\\nsessing considerable general resemblance so that, in a lim-\\nited garden, but a few of the kinds are required. The per-\\nennials, L. polyphylliis and grandifolius^ throw up long pyra-\\nmidal closely set spikes of flowers, from two to four feet in\\nheight, according to the strength of the plant. The Lupines\\nwill all grow freely in good garden soil, which they ver}^ much\\nimpoverish. The annuals should be sown in March and\\nApril where they are to flower. The perennials are increased\\nby parting the roots, but much more freely by seeds, which\\nripen abundantly, and may be sown in June in which case\\nthe strongest of the plants v. ill blossom the following year.\\nThe half-hardy sub-shrubby species are also best raised from\\nseeds, and require to be wintered in a dry protected frame,\\nand planted out about May. L. 7nutabiiis, and its variety\\nCruiksha?iksii, form beautiful objects if raised in August, win-\\ntered singly in small pots in a frame or airy greenhouse\\nshelf, shifted about March, and kept in a cold frame till the\\nend of May, and then planted out in good soil in the flower-\\ngarden. All the biennials may be treated as annuals.\\nL. arboretcs (tree) half-hardy shrub 8 feet flowers yellow,\\nin July California 1793. L. argentetis (silver}^) hardy peren-\\nnial 3 feet; flowers white, in June North America; 1826. L.\\narvensis (field) half-hardy biennial 1 8 inches flowers lilac,\\npurple, and white, in July Peru 1842. L. Barkeri (Barker s)\\nhalf-hardy annual or biennial 3 feet flowers blue and puik,\\nin July; Mexico; 1839. L. grandifoliiis (large-leaved); hardy\\nperennial 4 feet flowers purple, in May North America\\n1834. L. Hartwegii {}il2irt\\\\\\\\tg^s); hardy annual; 2 feet; flow-\\ners blue, in June; Mexico; 1838. L. Jiirsiitus (hairy); hardy\\nannual 2 feet flowers blue, in July south of Europe 1629.\\nL. insigiiis (remarkable) a fine hybrid, with bright-rosy pink and\\nyellow flowers; 1857. L. hiteus (yellow); hardy annual; 2\\nfeet flowers yellow, in June south of Europe 1596. L. 7nu-\\niabilis (changeable) half-hardy shrub 5 feet flowers white,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0277.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "240 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ntinged with blush, changing to blue, with a yellow centre, in\\nJuly; Bogota ;i8i9. Best treated as a biennial. A very beauti-\\nful variety named Cruikshanksii has the flowers deep-blue with\\nyellow, changing to red. L. nanus (dwarf) hardy annual i\\nfoot; flowers blue, in June; Cahfornia 1833. L. ornatus {ox-\\nnate) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers purple-lilac, in May\\nColumbia; 1826. L. perennis (perennial); hardy perennial 2\\nfeet; flowers blue, in June North America 1658. L. pilvsiis\\n(shaggy) hardy annual 2 feet flowers pink, in July south\\nof Europe 17 10. L. polypJiylhis (many-leaved); hardy peren-\\nnial 3 feet flowers blue or white, in May; Colombia; 1826.\\nL. p7ibescejis {downy) half-hardy biennial 3 feet; flowers vio-\\nlet blue, in June Quito 1844. L. tomentosiis (thick downy)\\nhalf-hardy sub-shrub 4 feet flowers pink and white, in July\\nPeru 1825. Z. versicolor (party-colored) half-hardy sub-shrub\\n3 feet flowers pink and blue, in July Mexico 1825.\\nLychnis. [Caryophyllaceae.] Hardy herbaceous peren-\\nnials, some of which are very ornamental. This may be\\nsaid of Z. Chakedonica^ commonly called Scarlet Lychnis, of\\nwhich both double and single have been known in gar-\\ndens for many years, and are as common as the Stock or the\\nSunflower. They require to be frequently transplanted and\\ndivided, giving them fresh good compost, rich sandy loam\\nat each planting, or they soon run out; and this is more\\nparticularly the case with the double than single-flowered va-\\nrieties it should be done in spring. They develop a dense\\nhead of brilliant scarlet blooms at the top of the stem. Z.\\nfulgens and Z. coronata are smaller, but veiy showy plants\\ntheir roots require to be protected from wet in winter, by\\ntaking them up in autumn, potting them, and placing them\\nin a dry frame. The dwarf hardy kinds are proper for dry\\nrock Work. They are propagated by parting the roots, and\\nalso from seeds, which should be sown in pans, or on pre-\\npared beds, about May, merely thinning out the young plants\\nuntil they are large enough to transplant, when they may be", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0278.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 24 1\\nplaced in nursery-beds, nine inches apart, where they should\\nremain till they are strong enough to produce blossoms. See\\nalso Agrostemma and Viscaria.\\nL. Alpina (Alpine) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers pink,\\nin April Scotland suitable for rock-work. L. Chalcedojtica\\n(Chalcedonian) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers scarlet, in\\nJuly Russia 1596. Of the varieties of this plant, the double-\\nflowered scarlet and white are the best. L. Corsica (Corsican)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers red, in June Corsica 1818.\\nL.fulgeiis (shining) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers scarlet,\\nin July; Siberia; 1822. Z. ^r\u00c2\u00ab;/^^^riz (large-flowered) half-\\nhardy perennial 18 inches flowers orange-red, in July China\\n1 774. Z. Haagena is a fine hybrid between L.fidgens and Z. Sie-\\nboldii^ with brilliant crimson-red flowers hardy and desirable.\\nSeedlings are, however, very apt to revert to Z. Szeboldii, which,\\nis a pretty white-flowered species i860. Z. Icsta (lively) hardy\\nperennial 6 inches flowers flesh-color, in May Portugal\\n1778. Z. viscaria (clammy); hardy perennial; i foot; flowers\\nred, single, or double, in May Britain.\\nLycium. Box-thorn. [Solanacese.] Hardy rambling\\nshrubby plants, requiring to be trained against a wall or pil-\\nlar, or supported by poles. They are free-flowering, but not\\nshowy, and, from their free growth, rather adapted for cover-\\ning arbors and unsightly buildings, than desirable for their\\nornamental properties. L. Europceiim is especially useful\\nfor this purpose, rapidly covering walls or buildings, and\\ngrowing to a considerable height, producing long, rambling\\nshoots, and an abundance of suckers these long shoots, if\\nproduced from the higher parts of the plant, will assume a\\ndrooping position, and in the second year will bear a pro-\\nfusion of changeable veined purple-lilac flowers so that a\\nsuccession of such branches should be annually maintained.\\nRoot-suckers ought to be destroyed continually. They are\\nall indifferent as to soil, provided it is moderately well-drained\\n16", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0279.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "242 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nand porous and are increased without difficulty either by\\ncuttings, by layers, or by suckers.\\nL. Afriun (African) half-hardy traihng shrub lo feet flow-\\ners dull-violet, in June North Africa and Syria 1712. L. Bar-\\nbarum (Barbary) hardy trailing shrub 20 feet flowers livid,\\nin May; south of Europe, and Africa; 1696. L. Europceuin\\n(European) hardy trailing shrub 20 feet flowers purple-lilac,\\nin May; south of Europe; 1730. Z. Rtitheniciim (Russian);\\nhardy climbing shrub 20 feet flowers white, in July Siberia\\n1804.\\nLyonia. [Ericaceae.] Hardy ornamental shrubs allied to\\nAndromeda. Soil, sandy peat. Propagated by seeds and\\nlayers. There is much confusion in the divisions on the\\nAndromeda family. See Andromeda.\\nLysimachia. Loose-strife. [Primulaceae.] Hardy peren-\\nnials, of the easiest culture, of little importance in a flow-\\ner-garden. The genus contains a few half-hardy sub-shrubby\\nspecies, which are increased by cuttings in a gentle hot-bed,\\nin sand. Z. niunmiilaria, Moneywort, is a pretty trailing\\nplant, adapted for damp rock-work, or for planting in a pot\\nfor the side of a shady window. Sandy soil. All multiplied\\nby division.\\nZ. Azorica (Azorian) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers yel-\\nlow, in June Azores 1831. Z. a /za/^ (fringed) hardy peren-\\nnial 18 inches flowers yellow, in July England. L. Candida\\n(white); half-hardy sub-shrub 18 inches flowers white, in\\nJune; China; 1846. Z. epheinerufn (transient); hardy peren-\\nnial 2 feet flowers white, in August Spain 1730. Z. Les-\\n^^;m?///// (Leschenault s) half-hardy sub-shrub; 18 inches\\nflowers rose-colored, in June Neilgherries 1852. Z. lobelioides\\n(lobeHa-like) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in July\\nNorth India 1840. Z. mun7mdaria (Moneywort) hardy trail-\\ning perennial 6 inches flowers yellow, in June England. Z.\\nverticillata (whorled) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers yel-\\nlow, in July Crimea; 1820.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0280.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 243\\nLythrum. [Lythraceae.] Hardy annuals or perennials\\nthe former of little interest, the latter ornamental; often\\nthriving in damp and even wet situations. L. alatum is a\\nshowy half-hardy plant, with long slender scarcely branched\\nstems, bearing purple flowers throughout the summer, and\\nnot unsuited for a good-sized bed. The hardy perennials\\ngrow in ordinary soil, and are increased by division the\\nhalf-hardy ones grow from cuttings, and should be potted in\\na soil of three parts peat to one of loam. The annuals may\\nbe sown in the open border in May.\\nL. alatiun (winged); half-hardy perennial; 3 feet; flowers\\npurple, in July Georgia 1812. L. Ii7ieare (linear) hardy per-\\nennial 18 inches flowers white, in July North America 18 12.\\nL. inyrtifoliitm (myrtle-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners purple, in July; North America; 1820. Z. Pttrshianum\\n(Pursh s) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers purple, in July\\nNorth America 1800. L. salicaria (willow-like) hardy peren-\\nnial 4 feet flowers purple, in July England. L. tomentostmt\\n(woolly) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers purple, in July Cau-\\ncasus 1828. L. virgatum (twiggy); hardy perennial; 3 feet;\\nflowers purple, in June Austria 1776.\\n3^^ s ^ri!, ^=S5g5^S:;\u00c2\u00a3it^-(\\n^*r ~V^-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0283.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "MACH^RANTHERA. [Compositae.] A very pretty\\ntender biennial, but which succeeds in the border in\\nsummer. Soil, sandy loam. Propagated by cuttings.\\nM. tanacetifolia (tansy-leaved) i foot flowers purple, in\\nJuly Mexico 1851.\\nMacleaya. [PapaveraccEe.] Half-hardy herbaceous per-\\nennials. Good garden soil. Increased by division, in\\nspring.\\nM. cordata (heart-leaved) hardy perennial 6 feet flowers\\nyellowish-pink, in June Chili 1795.\\nMaclura. [Moraceae.] This small genus contains one\\nhardy species, M. au7^antiaca^ which, under the name of the\\nOsage-orange, is much used for hedges. Propagated by\\nseeds. This tree is barely hardy in Massachusetts.\\nM auratitiaca J 20 feet North America 1828.\\nMadia. See Madaria.\\nMadaria. [Composite.] A family of show^ hardy an-\\nnuals the flowers golden, with a brownish rim round the\\ndisk. May be sown in frames, and transplanted, or in the\\nopen border in May. Increased by seeds. Common soil.\\nM. coryjnbosa (corymbed) hardy annual 2 feet flowers\\nwhite, in July; California; 1847. M. eleoans (elegant); hardy\\nannual 2 feet flowers yellow, in July California 1831. M.\\nsativaj flowers yellow, in July Chili 1794-\\nMagnolia. [Magnoliaceas.] Noble and beautiful hardy\\nand half-hardy shrubs and trees, some among the handsomest\\n244", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0284.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 245\\nof evergreens, others deciduous, and all beautiful as flower-\\ning plants. The soil for these plants should be deep and\\ngood, of open texture, neither subject to parching, nor liable\\nto excessive wet at any season. The Magnolias all grow\\nfinely in peat earth but this is not essential to them. They\\nare greatly benefited, however, when planted in a young\\nstate, by having a bushel or so of good compost placed\\nabout their roots this compost may be of equal parts light\\nturfy loam and peat. Layering is the most usual mode of\\npropagating the Magnolia, the layers being put down in au-\\ntumn, and requiring a couple of seasons to get well estab-\\nlished. Many of the species do not transplant well, except\\nwhen quite young, unless they are kept in pots on this ac-\\ncount, it is usual to keep them in pots but when this has\\nbeen the case, the roots must be carefully uncoiled, and\\nspread out in straight lines, when they are permanendy\\nplanted. Seeds may be often obtained and the plants\\nraised from them are the most vigorous, but do not blossom\\nso early. They should be sown in sandy loam, placed in a\\nwarm frame, potted as they appear, and kept for several\\nyears in a cold pit during winter until they get well estab-\\nlished. The arboreous species are only suited for large gar-\\ndens. M. g-randiflora^ and its varieties, are evergreen trees,\\nwhich should find a place in every garden. Wherever there\\nis a shrubbery, or a clump of peat-earth shrubs, one or two\\nof the hardy deciduous species should also be grown for\\ntheir large fragrant blossoms in the early spring months.\\nM. fuscata, a small evergreen, something like a camellia in\\nits foliage, is a greenhouse plant, and in May bears blossoms\\nexquisitely fragrant, though not ver)^ conspicuous. This\\nshould be potted in turfy loam and peat, and is increased\\nby grafting, or inarching on the commoner kinds, as M.\\nobovafa, which mode of propagation is also resorted to with\\nthe other weaker and more tender kinds.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0287.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "246 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nM. acuminata (pointed-leaved) hardy deciduous tree 40\\nfeet flowers creamy, in June North America 1736. M. au-\\nricidata (ear-leaved) hardy deciduous tree 20 feet flowers\\nwhite, in May North America; 1786. M. conspiaia (showy);\\nhardy deciduous tree 20 feet flowers white, in April China\\n1789. Soulangeana iz a very beautiful variety of this, with the\\nflowers tinged with purple. M. fuscata (brown) greenhouse\\nevergreen shrub 3 feet flowers brown, in April China 1789.\\nM. glaitca (glaucous); hardy deciduous tree; 15 feet; flowers\\nwhitish, in June North America 1688. M. grandiflora (large-\\nflowered) hardy evergreen tree 1 5 feet flowers white, in July\\nNorth Carolina; 1737. Of this there are several varieties,\\namong which that known as Exoniensis is the most desirable, on\\naccount of its early and free blooming habit. M. inacrophylla\\n(large-leaved) hardy deciduous tree 20 feet flowers white\\nand purple, in June; North America; 1800. M. purpurea\\n(purple) hardy deciduous shrub 6 feet flowers purple, in\\nApril Japan 1 790. M. tripetala (three-petalled) hardy de-\\nciduous tree 20 feet flowers white, in May North America\\n1752. M. Tho7npsoniana {Thompson s); hardy tree 20 feet\\nflowers white, in June hybrid between M. glauca and tripetala.\\nThere are many varieties of M. conspicua, but they are not\\nvery distinct. M. Norhetiana is a very deep-colored variety.\\nM. grandiflora and its varieties are not hardy north of Phila-\\ndelphia. M. Lenne is a fine hybrid between M. conspicua\\n^Yv^ purpurea color, deep reddish-purple; April, i860.\\nMAHokiA. See Berberis.\\nMaiden-Hair Tree. See Salisburia.\\nMalcolmia. [Cruciferae.] Hardy annuals, of which one\\nspecies M. maritima, the Virginian stock is a favorite\\ndwarf ornament for the flower-border, very easily grown, but\\nnot durable in good-sized patches, it forms a showy mass\\nof simple flowers. If sown by the middle of May, it will,\\nin favorable seasons, be in bloom early in June but, to have\\na good succession of flowers, it ought to be sown monthly,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0288.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 247\\nfrom May to August. It is quite hardy, and forms a pretty\\nedging-plant for large borders. The other species may be\\nsimilarly cultivated. The best are M. maritwia, littorea,\\nincrassata, and arenaria.\\nM. are7iaria (sand) hardy annual i foot flowers violet, in\\nJune Algiers 1804. M. Chia (Chian) hardy annual i foot\\nflowers purple, in June Greece 1732. M. incrassata (thick-\\nened) hardy annual; 6 inches flowers purphsh, in June is-\\nlands of the ^gean Sea 1820. M. littorea (shore) hardy an-\\nnual, or half-hardy biennial i foot flowers purple, in June\\nsouth of Europe 1683. M. 77iariti7tia (sea-side) hardy annu-\\nal I foot flowers rosy-lilac or white, all summer south of\\nEurope; 17 13. M. triloba (three-lobed) hardy annual; 6\\ninches flowers yellowish, in June south of Europe 1780.\\nMallow. See Malva.\\nMalope. [Malvaceae.] Showy mallow-like annuals, of\\nvery simple culture. The seeds may be sown in March, and\\nagain in April, in the open border the plants to be thinned\\nout when large enough, leaving about three of the strongest\\nin a patch. To get plants to bloom earlier than usual, they\\nmay be sown in pots along with half-hardy annuals, and\\nplanted out as early in May as the season will admit.\\nM. 7Jialacoides (mallow-like) hardy annual 2 feet flowers\\npurple, in June south of Europe 17 10. M. trifida (three-\\ncleft) hardy annual 2 feet flowers crimson, in July Barba-\\nry; 1808. Of this there is a variety with white flowers called\\nalba^ and another with larger flowers called gra7idiflora.\\nMalva. Mallow. [Malvaceae.] A large genus, of which\\nthe majority are weedy a few, however, of which a selection\\nis enumerated below, are ornamental. The half-hardy sorts\\nwill grow .during summer in the borders in good garden soil,\\nor in a mixture of loam, leaf-mould, and sand, and are in-\\ncreased by cuttings in sand, in a frame, during summer.\\nThe greenhouse kinds also propagate by cuttings, and grow", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0289.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "248 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nin similar soil. The hardy annuals may be sown in patches,\\nin the open border, in May.\\nM. a7n \u00c2\u00a3na (pleasing) greenhouse shrub 3 feet flowers\\npurplish, in May; Cape; 1796. M. Capeiisis (Cape); green-\\nhouse shrub 3 feet flowers pink, in June Cape 1713. M.\\ncrispa (curled) hardy annual 3 feet flowers white, in J une\\nSyria; 1573. M. fragrans (fragrant); greenhouse shrub; 3\\nfeet; flowers red, in June; Cape; 1759. iateritia (brick-\\nred) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers red, in September\\nBuenos Ayres 1840. M. Mauritiana (Mauritanian) hardy-\\nannual 4 feet flowers rose-color or white, and purple striped,\\nin July south of Europe and North Africa 1768. M. ininiaia\\n(vermihon) half-hardy shrub 3 feet flowers vermihon-red, in\\nMay; Mexico; 1798. In the borders, it blooms through the\\nautumn. M. Mo7iroana (Monro s) half-hardy perennial 2\\nfeet; flowers scarlet, in August Colombia; 1828. M.Morenii\\n(Moreni s) half-hardy perennial 3 feet flowers red, in July\\nItaly; 1820. M. inoschata (musk); hardy perennial; 2 feet;\\nflowers flesh-color or white, in June Britain. M. purpurata\\n(purple) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers dull-red, in July;\\nChili; 1825.\\nMaple. See Acer.\\nMarigold. See Calendula.\\nMarjoram. See Origanum.\\nMarsh-Mallow. See Alth^a.\\nMarsh-Marigold. See Caltha.\\nMartagon. See Lilium.\\nMartynia. [Sesameae.] Greenhouse or half-hardy an-\\nnuals, with a somewhat coarse habit and showy fliowers. The\\nseeds should be sown in a hot-bed in March, and the young\\nplants potted singly, and kept growing in heat near the glass,\\nin the way balsams are managed. As they grow they must\\nbe shifted, and hardened off to bloom in a cool stove or\\ngreenhouse or frame. M. fragrans^ the best of the species,\\nwill also succeed in a sheltered place, planted out for the\\nsummer. They require rich light soil.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0290.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 249\\nM. Craniolaria (white-flowered); greenhouse annual; 18\\ninches; flowers white spotted, in July; South America; 1733.\\nM. diandra (two-stamened) greenhouse annual; 18 inches;\\nflowers red, in July; Mexico; 1731. M. fragrans (fragrant);\\ngreenhouse, or half-hardy annual 2 feet flowers rose-purple, in\\nJuly; Mexico; 1840. M. lutea (yellow); greenhouse annual;\\n18 inches; flowers yellowish, in July Brazil; 1824. M.probo-\\nscidea (proboscis-like) greenhouse annual i foot flowers\\npale- violet, with saffron dots, in July Mexico 1738.\\nMarvel of Peru. See Mirabilis.\\nMathiola. Stock. [Cruciferae.] A favorite genus of\\nhardy plants, among the sweetest and gayest of garden flow-\\ners, of which one familiar species, M. a7i?iua, the Ten-weeks\\nStock, is an annual another, M. simplicicaiilis^ the Brompton,\\nor Giant Stock, is a biennial and M. inca?ia, the Queen\\nStock, is a sub-shrubby kind, though best treated as a bien-\\nnial. The varieties of these, especially of the first, are very\\nnumerous, and, as imported from Germany, very fine. Of\\nthe ordinary hoary-leaved Ten-weeks, or Annual Stock, there\\nare a score or more diflerent colors, which the German seed-\\ngrowers save distinct. Of the Ten-weeks Stock having smooth\\ngreen, or wallflower-like leaves, there are also many varieties\\nof color and, besides these, there are variations of habit\\nwhich have become perpetuated by careful seed-saving. The\\nbiennial Stock, that is, those sown one year to bloom the\\nnext, varies as much as the annual, in regard to habit, but\\nnot in respect to color. The Brompton and the Queen Stock\\nare well-known distinctions in this class. AVhen once pos-\\nsession is obtained of a good strain of Stock, which produces\\nbut few single-flowered ones out of a great number, there is\\nnot much difficulty in keeping it, for the Stock has a strong\\ndisposition to go double and, when a few single ones only\\nescape this tendency, they may be expected to yield seed\\nequally disposed to produce double flowers. On the other", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0291.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "250 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nhand, if we remove a single Stock from among hundreds\\nof others equally single, and of a strain which has no dis-\\nposition to go double, that single one would not yield in its\\nprogeny one more double variety for being planted among\\na thousand double ones so that the common advice to save\\nseed from such single-flowered plants as grow near many\\ndouble ones is good for nothing, unless the single ones\\ncome from the same strain, and have the same disposi-\\ntion, as the double ones themselves that is to say, are of\\nthe same progeny. In other words, the planting of a thou-\\nsand double stocks around a single one does not change\\nthe nature of its seed but the tendency to produce double\\nflowers is an inherent property brought about in certain\\nplants by careful culture and seed-saving, as all other floral\\nimprovements have been and is not shared by other plants\\nthough of the very same kind, which have not been influ-\\nenced in this manner. The single-flowered plants only bear\\nseed. The tendency to produce double flowers is sometimes\\nindicated by the production of flowers with more than the\\nusual number of petals (four) and, when this is observed, it\\nmay be taken as a favorable indication and such blossoms\\nshould be marked, and their seed kept separate. The Ten-\\nweeks Stocks should be sown in March, April, and May, for\\nsummer and autumn blooming plants they may be sown in\\nboxes, in a frame, or on prepared sheltered beds when up,\\ngive plenty of air, and no more water than is just enough to\\nkeep them from flagging when they have formed six good\\nleaves, plant them out in a bed of rich soil, or pot them ofl\\nin rich soil, and give plenty of water until they bloom. For\\nearlier spring-bloom, they, as well as what is called the In-\\ntermediate Stock, should be sown in August and September,\\nand wintered in pots in dry cold frames. The Brompton\\nand Queen Stocks maybe sown in the open border, thinly, in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0292.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 25 I\\nJune, and the plants, when large enough, planted out in\\nsheltered places where they are to bloom, or some of them\\nmay be potted and kept in frames during winter, to be\\nplanted out in spring. They will bloom the following May\\nand June. Cuttings may be struck from these two-year\\nstocks, when they are* fine enough to be worth it, under a\\nglass in the common borders, like Wallflowers. M. tristis^\\nthe night-smelling stock, is a greenhouse shrub and though\\nnot showy, the flowers being of a dull livid color, yet it is\\ndesirable on account of its powerful evening fragrance this\\ngrows in a. light sandy loamy compost, and is propagated by\\ncuttings.\\nM. mtnua (annual, or ten-weeks) hardy annual i foot flow-\\ners scarlet, purple, white, yellow, and pink, all summer south of\\nEurope 1731. M. glabrata (wall-flowered-leaved) hardy sub-\\nshrub 2 feet flowers purple, scarlet, or white, in June native\\ncountry unknown. M. GrcBca (smooth-leaved annual) hardy an-\\nnual I foot flowers purple, white, and pink, all summer; Greece.\\nM. incana (hoary, or queen s) hardy sub-shrub 2 feet flow-\\ners scarlet, purple, and white, in June south of Europe. M.\\nodoratisswia (sweetest) greenhouse sub-shrub 2 feet flowers\\ncream-colored, changing to purplish-brown, sweet in the evening,\\nin June; Tauria; 1795. M. simplicicaulis (single-stemmed or\\nBrompton or Giant) half-hardy biennial 3 feet flowers pur-\\nple, scarlet, or white, in July native country unknown. M. tris-\\ntis (sad); greenhouse sub-shrub; 18 inches; flowers livid, in\\nJune south of Europe 1768.\\nMatricaria. [Compositae.] Weedy hardy annuals for\\nthe most part, with single white daisy-like flowers. The only\\nexception worth cultivating is a double-flowered variety of\\nM. chamojnina, called grandiflora, which, as it does not bear\\nseed, may, if frequently renewed, be continued as a peren-\\nnial its double white blossoms render it deserving of being\\ngrown in a mixed border. The young shoots should be taken", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0293.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "252 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\noif from near the root, and treated like cuttings. Common\\ngarden soil.\\nM. chamomilla grandiflora (double-flowered) hardy peren-\\nnial I foot flowers white, in July gardens.\\nMaurandia. [Scrophularinae.] Ornamental greenhouse\\nclimbers of slender habit, and also suitable for planting in\\nthe open air during the summer, for the purpose of covering\\nwire-fences, and pillars. They are best raised from seeds,\\nwhich, to insure strong-blooming plants, should be sown\\nabout June, and the young plants potted singly, and kept in\\nsmall pots during winter in a greenhouse. These, if shifted\\ninto larger pots in February or March, will be strong and\\nvigorous by the planting-out time, May. For the green-\\nhouse, they require shifting into large pots of rich soil, of\\nwhich the basis is sandy loam, and training about pillars,\\nshort rafters, or suitable trellises. They grow to a consider-\\nable size when their roots have free scope. They may be\\nincreased from cuttings, which root readily in sand, in a hot-\\nbed.\\nM. ajitirrhiniflora (snapdragon-flowered) greenhouse climb-\\ning perennial; lo feet; flowers purple, all summer; Mexico;\\n1 8 14. M. Barclay ana (Barclay s) greenhouse climbing peren-\\nnial 12 feet; flowers purple, rose-color, or white, all summer;\\nMexico 1825, M. seinperjlorens (ever-flowering) greenhouse\\nclimbing perennial; 12 feet; flowers pale rose-color, all sum-\\nmer; Mexico 1796.\\nMazus. [Scrophularinae.] Small-flowered half hardy an-\\nnuals. Light sandy soil. Increased by seeds.\\nM. pumihis (dwarf) half-hardy annual 6 inches flowers\\npale-purplish, in June; Van Diemen s Land; 1823. M. ru-\\ngosus (wrinkled) half-hardy annual 6 inches flowers white\\nand yellow, in July China 1780.\\nMeadow-Rue. See Thalictrum.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0294.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 253\\nMeadow-Saffron. See Colchicum.\\nMeconopsis. [Papaverace^.] Hardy poppy-like her-\\nbaceous perennials. Soil, sandy loam. Increased by seeds,\\nsown in May, or by division.\\nAf. Cambrica (Welsh) hardy perennial i foot flowers buff-\\nyellow, in June England. M. crassifolia (thick-leaved) hardy\\nperennial i foot flowers orange-red, in June California\\n1833. M. heterophylla {v2inoViS-\\\\Q2iVtdi)\\\\ hardy perennial; i\\nfoot flowers orange-red, in June CaHfornia 1 833. M. Wal-\\nlichii (Walhch s) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers pale-\\nblue, in June Sikkim 1851.\\nMedeola. [Trilliaceae.] Hardy herbaceous perennial.\\nSoil, free turfy peat. Increased by division, in spring.\\nM. Virginica (Virginian) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers\\nyellow, in June Virginia 1759.\\nMedicago. Medick. [Leguminosae.] A large genus of\\nhardy plants, of no horticultural importance.\\nMedlar. See Mespilus.\\nMelia. [Meliaceae.] A genus of showy small trees, one\\nof which succeeds well in the Southern States.\\nM. Azedarachj flowers hlac, in June Syria 1656.\\nMelilotus. Melilot. [Leguminosae.] A genus of hardy\\nplants, of little importance as objects of ornament. They\\nare, however, useful as food for bees. M. arborea, a shrubby\\nkind, with white flowers M. kucantha, a biennial, also with\\nwhite flowers and M. suaveolens^ a perennial, with yellow\\nblossoms, are the most desirable.\\nMelissa. Balm. [Lamiacese.] Hardy herbaceous per-\\nennials. Common soil. Increased by division.\\nM. polyanthos (many-flowered) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers white, in July native country unknown. M. Pyre7iaica\\n(Pyrenaean) hardy perennial i foot flowers purple, in July\\nPyrenees 1800.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0295.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "254 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nMelittis. Bastard Balm. [Lamiacese.] Hardy herba-\\nceous perennials, of easy culture, propagated by division,\\nand growing in ordinary garden soil. They are rather pretty.\\nM. graiidifiora (large-flowered) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers creamy-white and red, in May England. M. melisso-\\nphylhmi (balm-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers pale\\nreddish-purple, in June England.\\nMeniocus. [Cruciferse.] Hardy annual. Common soil.\\nIncreased by seeds.\\nM. Imifolius (flax-leaved) hardy annual 6 inches flowers\\nyellow, in July Caucasus; 17 17.\\nMenispermum. Moon-seed. [Menispermaceae.] The genus\\ncontains one or two hardy deciduous climbers, with orna-\\nmental foliage.\\nM. Caiiadense (Canadian) hardy climber 20 feet flowers\\nwhite, in June North America 1691. M. Carolimnn (Caroli-\\nnian), otherwise called Coccidus Carolimis, is not hardy in the\\nNorthern States. M. lobatiun is a variety of Canadense.\\nMentha. Mint. [Lamiaceae.] A genus of hardy her-\\nbaceous perennials, thriving in any soil, and increased by\\ndivision. There are some twenty species, of little horticul-\\ntural importance.\\nMentzelia. [Loasaceae.] Half-hardy herbaceous per-\\nennials and annuals. Soil, sandy loam and peat. Increased\\nby cuttings in sand, in a hot-bed, or by seeds in a slight\\nheat.\\nM. aspera (rough) hardy annual 18 inches flowers yellow,\\nin July America 1733. M. stipitata (stalked-flowered) half-\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in September Mexico\\n1835.\\nMenyanthes. Buck-bean. [Gentianaceae.] Hardy aqua-\\ntic perennial. Moist boggy soil, or in shallow water. In-\\ncreased by division.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0296.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 255\\nM. trifoliata (three-leaved) hardy aquatic i foot flowers\\nwhite and pink, in June Britain.\\nM. var. Americana, our native variety, seems to differ but\\nlittle from the European species.\\nMenziesia. [Ericaceae.] Pretty dwarf hardy deciduous\\nshrubs. Sandy peat soil. Increased by layers, or by cut-\\ntings under a hand-glass.\\nM.ferriiginea (rusty) hardy deciduous shrub 3 feet flow-\\ners rust-color, in June North America; 181 1. M. globttlaris\\n(globular) hardy deciduous shrub 3 feet flowers yellowish-\\nbrown, in June North America; 1806.\\nMerendera. [Melanthaceae.] Hardy crocus-like bulb.\\nSoil, peat and loam. Increased by offsets.\\nM. Caucasica (Caucasian) hardy bulb 3 inches flowers\\npurple, in August Caucasus 1823.\\nMespilus. Medlar. [Pomaces.] Hardy deciduous\\ntrees, with white flowers and worthless fruit. In^bloom, the\\ntree is ornamental, and deserves a place in the shrubbery.\\nPropagated by grafting on thorn, by seeds, and layers. M.\\nGemianica is the chief species, of which there are many\\nvarieties.\\nMezereon. See Daphne.\\nMignonette. See Reseda.\\nMiKANiA. [Compositas.] A very neat climbing plant,\\nwith Eupatorium-like flowers, flourishing in rather damp,\\ndeep loam. This plant is very beautiful, and is covered\\nwith white blossoms in August, a season when few climbers\\nbloom. It is a native of river banks.\\nM. scandeiis (climbing); hardy climbing herbaceous perennial\\n10 feet flowers white, in August.\\nThere are other stove species.\\nMilfoil. See Achillea.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0297.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "256 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nMilk-Vetch. See Astragalus.\\nMilkwort. See Polygala.\\nMimosa. This large family contains the sensitive plants,\\nM. sensitiva and M. piidica^ two stove shrubs, the foliage of\\nwhich is endowed with a very remarkable and interesting\\nsensibility, for the sake of which they are cultivated. The\\nflowers of both are purplish, little globular balls of col-\\nored threads, not at all showy but the leaves are very\\nelegant. The peculiarity which obtains for them both their\\nname and popularity is the shrinking of the branches, and\\nfolding-up of the leaves, at the slightest touch or disturbance.\\nIf a leaf be touched, it falls down, and the leaflets close\\nand if the whole plant be shaken, or jerked, all the leaves\\nimmediately close, and hang down. The seeds are sown in a\\nhot-bed in April, and potted off, as soon as they are large\\nenough to handle, into small-sized three-inch pots, in a light\\nsoil of sandy peat and loam. They are best kept in a hot-\\nframe till June, when they may be planted out in a warm ex-\\nposure. They seed freely enough but, when they are grown\\nfor seed, they are sown in February, and potted off in March.\\nThey are also increased by cuttings in sand under bell-glasses,\\nin heat. M. sensitiva is not so irritable as M. piidica. They\\nare only grown as curiosities. There are many other Mimo-\\nsas, chiefly shrubs of little interest.\\nM. pudica (chaste or humble plant) stove shrub 2 feet\\nflowers purplish-lilac, in June Brazil 1638. M. sensitiva (sen-\\nsitive) stove shrub 2 feet flowers pinkish-lilac, in June\\nBrazil; 1648.\\nMiMULUS. Monkey-Jloive) [Scrophularinae.] Showy\\nherbaceous plants, mostly perennial some small musk\\nplants are annuals. The ornamental garden Mimuluses are\\nmostly seedling varieties raised by florists, the offspring of\\nM. luteus, guttatus and variegatns on the one hand, and", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0298.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 25/\\nof M. cardinalis and roseus on the other and Httle trace of\\nthe originals now remains. These races are fugitive, the\\nvarieties of to-day continually giving place to others of some\\nsupposed superiority. Rich loamy soil, or, indeed, ordinary\\ngarden soil, if good, will grow them well but they like a\\ndamp, cool, and somewhat shady situation in summer. A\\nsupply should be kept in pots, protected in cold frames\\nthrough the winter. M. moschatiis is a favorite pot-plant for\\nthe window it is quite hardy in sheltered situations, and\\ngrows readily in pots of rich mould. The varieties are mul-\\ntiplied by division, and new varieties are obtained from\\nseeds, which, if sown in heat in March, and grown in frames,\\nwill come into bloom in the course of the summer. Seeds\\nare freely produced.\\nM. cardinalis (cardinal) half-hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nscarlet, in July California 1835. M. ort^Uafus (spotted) hardy\\nperennial i foot flowers yellow-spotted, in June North Amer-\\nica 18 1 2. Af. Harrisonii (Harrison s) half-hardy perennial 3\\nfeet flowers rose, in June garden variety. M. luteus (yellow)\\nhardy perennial 18 inches flowers yellow, in June Chili 1826.\\nM. McLainii (McLain s) half-hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nrose-crimson, in June garden variety. M. moschatus (musk)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers yellow, in June Columbia\\n1826. iM. roseus (rose); half-hardy perennial; 2 feet flowers\\nrose, in June; California; 1831. M. tricolor (three-colored);\\nhalf-hardy annual 9 inches flowers pink, with yellow and\\ncrimson spots, in June California 1 848. M. variegatus (varie-\\ngated) hardy perennial i foot flowers white and purple, in\\nJune; Chili; 1831. The garden varieties are of two classes:\\nI, with rosy-colored flowers, and a branching habit, from E. ro-\\nseus^ and cardinalis 2, dwarfer, and more herbaceous, with yel-\\nlow flowers, variously blotched with rich brown-red, from M. gut-\\ntatus, and liitens.\\nMint. See Mentha.\\nMiRABiLis. Marvel of Peru. [Nyctaginaceas.J Showy\\n17", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0299.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "258 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nhalf-hardy perennials, with thick fusiform roots. These\\nplants are deservedly great favorites in gardens, where they\\nmake towards autumn a splendid appearance. The branch-\\ning stems bear roundish flowers with rather a long tube\\nand, as these come^at every joint, when fairly open they cover\\nthe plant. The individual blooms are in one respect like\\nthe Convolvulus, they shut up on dull days, so that it\\nis not a handsome plant in bad weather. In some kinds,\\nthe tubes of the flowers are two or three inches long in\\nothers they are shorter. The colors vary from yellow to red,\\nwhite, and all shades between them, and sometimes two of\\nthe colors are disposed in stripes. To have choice varieties,\\nsow the best seed that can be got, and select each year the\\nbest that are produced, for seed-bearing. Sow the seed in a\\nhot-bed in March, and, as soon as the plants are large enough,\\npot them three or four, or half a dozen, in a pot, to grow until\\nthe middle of May, when they may be planted out in the\\nbeds or borders a foot apart. Here they will only require\\nto be kept clear of weeds, and be watered in the event of\\nthe weather proving more than usually parching, but not if\\nthe weather be at ail seasonable. The foliage will be\\ntouched by the first frost, after which the roots may be dug\\nup, and stored away amongst dry sand, where the frost can-\\nnot reach them. In May, they may be put in the ground\\nwhere they are to flower, whether that be in beds or bor-\\nders or, if any good ones are worth propagating, put them\\nin heat in March, and strike the shoots like those of the\\nDahlia. To effect improvements, a few seeds from the very\\nbest should be saved every year, and these plants are then\\nbest grown in beds, as they can then be more readily exam-\\nined, and the worthless ones destroyed. It is in the size,\\ncolors, and markings of the flowers, that improvements are\\nchiefly to be effected.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0300.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 259\\nM. Jalapa (Jalap) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers va-\\nrious, in June; West Indies; 1596. M. longiflora (long-flow-\\nered) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers white, in June\\nMexico; 1759. M. suaveolens (sweet); half-hardy perennial;\\n2 feet flowers white, in June Mexico 1823.\\nMiTCHELLA. [Cinchonaceae.] A pretty little evergreen\\ntrailing plant, usually known as Checkerberry, ornamental\\nin flower, foliage, and fruit. The whole plant has a rich\\naromatic taste. For covering the surface of Rhododendron-\\nbeds, this little plant is most suitable, as it delights in a soil\\nof peat and leaf^mould.\\nM. repeiis (creeping) 2 inches flowers pinkish-white, in\\nJune.\\nMiTELLA. [Saxifragaceae.] Hardy herbaceous peren-\\nnials, suitable for rock-work. Common soil. Increased by\\ndivision.\\nM. cordifolia (heart-leaved) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners white, in May; North America; 1812. M. diphylla (two-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers white, in May\\nNorth America; 1731. M. pentaiidra (five-stamened) hardy\\nperennial 6 inches flowers yellow, in June North America\\n1827. M. prostrata (prostrate) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers white, in May North America 1818.\\nMock-Orange. See Philadelphus.\\nMoDiOLA. [Malvaceae.] Half-hardy annuals and peren-\\nnials. Common soil. Increased by seeds or divisions.\\nM. Caroliniaiia (Carolinian) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nred, in June Carolina 1723. M. decumbe7is (decumbent) half-\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers red, in June South America\\n181 5. M. prostrata (prostr2.te) half-hardy perennial; i foot;\\nflowers red, in June Monte Video 1806.\\nMoMORDiCA. [Cucurbitaceae.] A genus of tender plants,\\nfor the most part uninteresting for garden culture. One or\\ntwo of them are, however, elegant and curious, somewhat", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0301.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "260 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nslender, free-growing creepers, often grown in a greenhouse?\\nor in sheltered places out doors in summer. The fruit is the\\nremarkable part of the plant and this, which is highly col-\\nored orange, splits when ripe, and turns back like a Turk s-\\ncap lily, the deep red seeds attached to its inner surface\\nlooking like crimson spots. Sow in a hot-bed in April, in\\nlight rich soil, and treat like a cucumber. They are desira-\\nble for rafters of a stove. The species referred to are M.\\nbalsamina and charantia, both growing ten or twelve feet in\\nlength, and covering a considerable surface. The flowers are\\nyellow, small, and inconspicuous. Both are natives of India.\\nMoNARDA. [Lamiaceae.] Handsome hardy herbaceous\\nperennials, the plants having an odor compared to Berga-\\nmot. They are increased by division of the root, and flour-\\nish in the ordinary soil of gardens, preferring a cool and\\nrather moist situation.\\nM. didyma (Oswego tea) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nscarlet, in June North America 1752. M. Jistitlosa (hollow)\\nhardy perennial 4 feet flowers purple or red, in June North\\nAmerica; 1656. M. Kalmiaiia (Kalm s) hardy perennial; 4\\nfeet; flowers purple, in June North America 1813. M. punc-\\ntata (dotted); hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers yellowish,\\ndotted with brown, in June; Virginia; 17 14. M. purpurea\\n(purple) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers purple, in June\\nNorth America; 1789.\\nMoneywort. See Lysimachia.\\nMonkey-Flower. See Mimulus.\\nMonkshood. See Aconitum.\\nMonolopia. [Compositae.] Pretty hardy annuals. Good\\ngarden soil. Increased by seeds.\\nM. major (greater) hardy annual 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJuly; California; 1834.\\nThis plant was formerly called Helenium Douglasii.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0302.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 26 1\\nMooNSEED. See Menispermum.\\nMoNOPSis. [Lobeliaceae.] A pretty little annual, for-\\nmerly called Lobelia speculiwi. Seeds sown in a hot-bed in\\nApril, and pricked out in May, make a pretty summer show.\\nM. conspicua (showy) hardy annual 6 inches flowers blue,\\nin July Cape of Good Hope 1812.\\nMoRNA. [Compositae.] Showy greenhouse plants. The\\nannual species should be raised from seeds in autumn,\\nabout September, and again in spring, about April the for-\\nmer blooming the following spring, the latter during sum-\\nmer and autumn. Prick out the seedlings, and pot when\\nlarge enough, three or four in a pot. Shift them as required\\nfor blooming in pots in the greenhouse or a portion may be\\nplanted out in a warm situation towards the end of June.\\nLight rich compost should be used, as loam, leaf-mould, and\\nsand. The perennial kinds are increased by cuttings as\\nwell as by seeds.\\nM. nitida (shining) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nyellow, in June; Swan River; 1835. ^i y^ (snowy); half-\\nhardy annual 18 inches flowers white, in July New South\\nWales; 1836.\\nMoRUS. Mulberry. [Moraceae.] Well-known hardy trees,\\nvaluable for fruit and flowers. Garden soil. Propagated\\nby seed, cuttings, and layers.\\nAI. alba (white) 30 feet flowers in June China 1 596.\\nM. alba Italica (Italian) 20 feet flowers in June Italy 1817.\\nM. alba viulticaiilis (many-stemmed) flowers in June China.\\nM. Coiistantinopolitaiia (Constantinople) 1 5 feet flowers in\\nJune; Turkey; 1818. M. ;z? r 2 (common-black) 20 feet; flow-\\ners in June Italy; 1548. M. nigra laciiiiata (cut-leaved); 30\\nfeet flowers in June. M. rubra (red) 10 feet flowers in June\\nNorth America 1629. M. scabra (rough) 20 feet; flowers in\\nJune; North America; 181 7. M. Tatarica (Tartarian); 20\\nfeet flowers in June Tartary 1780.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0303.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "262 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nMorning-Glory. See Contolvulus and Ipomea.\\nMotherwort. See Leonurus.\\nMouTAN. Tree Peony. [Ranunculaceae.] These are\\nwell-known and highly ornamental shrubs. Soil, peat and\\nloam. They are multiplied by grafting on the fleshy roots\\nof the herbaceous peonies, and also by layers. The plants\\nare hardy but are suitable for growing as large pot plants,\\nto be set in any effective sheltered position while they re-\\nmain in bloom. Any of the numerous varieties are worth\\ncultivating.\\nM. officinalis (common) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers various\\ncolored in the numerous varieties, in April; China; 1789.\\nAmong the most desirable are the varieties named atropnrpicrea\\n(deep-purple), Bere?iice (white), Emperor of China (rosy-red),\\nglobosa{\\\\y\\\\i\\\\\\\\.\u00e2\u0082\u00ac), Glory of Shanghae {yA\\\\\\\\\\\\.\u00e2\u0082\u00ac), lilacina (pale-purple),\\npicta (rose-striped), pnnicea (crimson), Robert Fortune (bright-\\nred), salmonea (pale-salmon), speciosa (pink), and sulplmrea\\n(primrose).\\nThere are, besides, varieties with the flowers white, flesh-\\ncolor, pale-pink, pale-rose, purple, and of mixed colors. For\\na longer list see Peonia.\\nMuLGEDiUM. [Compositse.] A pretty half hardy peren-\\nnial, suitable for dry rock-work, or a very dry border. Soil,\\nsandy loam, well drained. Increased by seeds, cuttings, or\\ndivision.\\nM. inacrorhizon (large-rooted) hardy perennial 9 inches\\nflowers pale-blue, in August Cashmere 1844.\\nMulberry. See Morus.\\nMullein. See Verbascum.\\nMuscARL Grape Hyacinth. [Liliacese.] Dwarf hardy\\nbulbs, which multiply readily by means of offsets. The bulbs\\nshould remain in the soil from year to year, and not be taken\\nup and dried but every fourth year, they may be taken up", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0304.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 263\\nand replanted in September, or early in October, before they\\nbegin to grow. Common garden soil but a sandy loam is\\nmost congenial to these, as to all other bulbs.\\nM. botryoides (bunch-flowered) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers\\nblue or white, in May Italy 1596. M, ciliatiwi (hair-fringed)\\nhardy bulb 9 inches flowers brown-purple, in May Crimea\\n1822. M. co7}iinutatu7n (dark-purple); hardy bulb 6 inches;\\nflowers dark-blue, in May; Italy; 1836. M. comosiun (feathered);\\nhardy bulb 6 inches flowers purple, in May south of Eu-\\nrope 1596. M. glaiicum (glaucous) hardy bulb 9 inches\\nflowers purple and green, in May; Persia; 1825. M. inoscha-\\ntiim (musky) hardy bulb 9 inches flowers pale dingy-brown-\\nish, in May; Levant; 1596. M. racemosum (racemed) hardy\\nbulb 6 inches flowers dark-blue, in May Europe 1 780.\\nMyosotis. [ScrophularinecE.] A genus of pretty annuals\\nand herbaceous plants, many of them hardy. M. palustris\\nis the true Forget-me-not a pretty well-known flower, deli-\\ncate blue, with golden eye. It needs a moist soil, and, in a\\ncongenial situation, will become naturalized. Some of the\\nspecies are not hardy in the Northern States. The peren-\\nnials are increased by seed and division the annuals by\\nseed.\\nHardy Herbaceous. J/. Alpestris (Alpine); 6 inches;\\nflowers blue, in July; Switzerland; 181 8. M. Azorica (Azo-\\nrean) i foot flowers dark-blue, in August Azores 1846. M.\\naziirea (light-blue); flowers blue, in June; Corvo; 1842. M.\\nccBspitosa (tufted) 9 inches flowers blue, in June Britain.\\nM. coBspitosa macroca/yx {ld.rge-c2L[yxed) 9 inches flowers blue,\\nin June Britain. M. intenjtedia (intermediate) 6 inches\\nflowers blue, in April Britain. M. nana (dwarf) 6 inches\\nflowers blue, in July; Europe; 1800. M. pahistris {m.2.x%\\\\\\\\); i\\nfoot flowers blue and yellow, in July Britain. M. repens\\n(creeping) i foot flowers pale-blue, in June Britain. M.\\nrupicola (rock) flowers blue Scotland. M. sparsijlora (scat-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0305.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "264 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ntered-flowered) 18 inches; flowers blue, in May; south of\\nFrance; 1822.\\nHardy Annuals. M. arvensis alba (white corn-field) 6.\\ninches flowers white, in June Britain. M. Australis (south-\\nern) flowers blue, in June New South Wales 1824. M. Cal-\\nif ornica (Californian) 18 inches; flowers white, in August;\\nCalifornia; 1837. M. clavata (club-leaved); flowers blue, in\\nJune Siberia 1829. M. collina (hill) 3 inches flowers blue,\\nin May Britain. M. coumiutata (changed) flowers blue, in\\nJune Europe biennial. M. litoralis (sea-shore) flowers blue\\nand yellow, in April; Caspian Sea; 1836. M. peduncularis\\n(long-flowered-stalked); 18 inches; flowers blue, in June As-\\ntracan 1824. M. ungiilata (clawed); flowers blue, in June;\\nSiberia; 1822.\\nMyrica. Wax Myrtle. [Myricaceae.] Hardy deciduous\\nshrubs,, thriving in any soil, and increased by seeds and\\nlayers.\\nM. cerifera (wax-bearing) 6 feet M. gale (sweet-gale) 4\\nfeet M. latifolia (broad-leaved) 4 feet are all very ornamen-\\ntal in the shrubbery.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0306.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "NARCISSUS. [Amaryllidaceae.] A very large genus\\nof showy, hardy, well-known bulbous-rooted plants, all\\nspecies of which are ornamental and desirable spring border\\nflowers. Under the name of Polyanthus Narcissus, great\\nnumbers of some florists varieties are imported annually,\\nlike the Hyacinth and early Tulips and these may be forced\\nin pots, or bloomed in water, or planted in the borders.\\nThey require in every respect the same treatment as the\\nHyacinth. If grown in pots, they may be planted in any\\nrich, light soil. If bloomed in glasses, they want a change\\nof water once a week. When put out in the borders, they\\nshould be in patches of three, put in pretty close to each\\nother, forming a triangle, with one in front and two behind\\na sandy loam is preferable for them. They require no pro-\\ntection except a covering of tan over the bed in the North-\\nern States, and will bear a good deal of frost without injury.\\nThe plant has grassy or leek-like leaves the flower-stem\\ncomes up in the centre, and from a sheath at the top bursts\\non one side the bunch of flowers, which are white or yellow,\\nwith a yellow or orange cup in the centre. The Jonquil is a\\nspecies of Narcissus, considerably smaller than the Polyan-\\nthus Narcissus, and very sweet-scented there are varieties\\nwith both double and single flowers. There is considerable\\nvariety among the other species of Narcissus, all of which\\nare worth growing as border-flowers. The following very\\nlimited selection comprises a few of the most distinct plants.\\nN. aurantius (orange) hardy bulb i foot flowers yellow,\\n265", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0309.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "266 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nin March south of Europe 1629. There is a double-flowered\\nvariety, with yellow and orange blossoms. N. bicolor (two-col-\\nored) hardy bulb i foot flowers white and yellow, in April\\nSpain; 1629. N. cernuus (drooping); hardy bulb; i foot;\\nflowers creamy white, in March Spain 1818. N. incoinpara-\\nbilis (incomparable) hardy bulb i foot flowers yellow, in\\nApril France 1629. N. Italicus (Roman) hardy bulb i foot\\nflowers pale-yellow, in March Italy. The double variety has\\ncreamy flowers. N. jonquilla (jonquil) hardy bulb 9 inches\\nflowers yellow, single or double, in April; Spain; 1596. N.\\nmoiitanus (mountain) hardy bulb i foot flowers white, in\\nApril Spain. N. odonis (sweet) hardy bulb i foot flowers\\nyellow, in May south of Europe 1629. N. papyraceus (^2. ^^x)\\\\\\nhardy bulb i foot flowers white, in March Asia Minor. yV.\\npoetiais (poet s) hardy bulb i foot flowers white, with orange\\neye, in May Europe. yV. pulchelhis (pretty) hardy bulb 9\\ninches flowers yellow, in May south of Europe. N. 7 ectirviis\\n(recurved-leaved); hardy bulb i foot flowers white, with orange\\neye, in May south of Europe. N. Tazetta (polyanthus) hardy\\nbulb I foot flowers white and yellow, in March Spain 1759.\\nN. Trewiamis (Trew s) hardy bulb i foot flowers white and\\nyellow, in March Spain. This is cultivated under the name\\nof Bazelman major.\\nFlorists Varieties. The following are superior kinds\\nBazleinan niajor^ white and yellow Grand Monarque^ white\\nand citron Grand Primo, white and citron Grand Prince.^\\nwhite and lemon Soleil d^or, yellow and orange Gloriosa,\\nwhite and orange, the best for pot-culture.\\nNardosmia. [Compositse.] Hardy perennial. Common\\nsoil. Increased by division. Allied to Colt s-foot.\\nN. fragrans (fragrant) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nwhite, in very early spring, fragrant like Heliotrope south of\\nEurope 1806.\\nNasturtium. The vulgar name often given to Troposo-\\nlu?n, instead of the proper one of Indian Cress.\\nNavarettia. See ^gochloa.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0310.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 267\\nNeapolitan Violet Viola odorata pallida plena.\\nNegundo. [Aceraceae.] Hardy deciduous trees, thriv.\\ning in sandy loam. Propagated by seed and layers.\\nN. fraxinifoliuin (ash-leaved maple) 40 feet flowers in\\nMay 1688. N. fraxinifoliiwi crispum (curled-leaved) 30 feet\\nflowers, in May 1688. N. fraxiitifolitim violacetwi {t^mx^Iq)\\n30 feet flowers in May. N. fraxinifolium variegattim is a\\nbeautiful plant.\\nNeja. [Compositae.] Half-hardy sub-shrub, suitable for\\nsummer beds. Light rich soil. Increased by cuttings.\\nN. gracilis (slender) half-hardy sub-shrub i foot flowers\\nyellow, all summer Mexico 1828.\\nNemesia. [Scrophularinese.] Half-hardy annuals or per-\\nennials. Sandy loamy soil. Increased by seeds or cuttings.\\nN. Jloribiinda (many-flowered) half-hardy annual i foot\\nflowers white and yellow, in July Cape 1837.\\nNemophila. [Hydrophyllaceae.] Hardy annuals. The\\nbest is N. insignis^ of which the flowers are very bright blue,\\nwith a white eye, and cover the plant it is on this account\\na most beautiful plant for clumps and beds. N. maculata is\\nanother showy species For beds, the seedlings should be\\nput out four inches apart, and the plants will then present a\\ndense mass of flowers. The soil should not be too rich\\nfor, if the plants grow rank, they become straggling, and\\nflower less abundantly.\\nN. atomaria (speckled) hardy annual 9 inches flowers\\nwhite, speckled with purple, in May California 1836. A variety\\ncalled discoidalis has flowers very dark-brown, narrowly mar-\\ngined with white. N. aurita (eared) hardy annual i foot\\nflowers purple, in June California. N. i^isignis {sho^y) hardy\\nannual 9 inches flowers blue and white, in May California\\n1833. There are seedling variations with larger, and with\\nspeckled flowers. N. uiaciclata (blotched) hardy annual 9\\ninches flowers white and purple, in May Cahfornia 1848.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0311.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "268 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nN. phaceloides (phacelia-like) hardy annual i foot f owers\\nblue, in June North America.\\nNeottia. [Orchidaceae.] A genus containing seme hardy\\nperennial, as well as tender species. Soil, peat aud loam.\\nIncreased by division. N. csstivaiis, autumnaUs^ and rermms\\nare worth growing as curiosities.\\nNemopanthes. [Aquifoliaceae.] An ornamental, hardy,\\ndeciduous, upright-growing shrub, very little known, but very\\ndesirable. It was called Ilex Canadensis and Priiios lucida.\\nThe flowers are small and white but the berries are large,\\nbeautiful crimson, and very ornamental. Common shrub-\\nbery soil but it will do better with an addition of sandy\\npeat or leaf-mould. Propagated by layers and seeds in au-\\ntumn, and by seeds in spring.\\nN. Canadensis (Canadian) 3 feet flowers in May North\\nAmerica; 181 2,\\nNepeta. Catmint. [Lamiaceae.] A rather large genus\\nof hardy perennials, few of which are ornamental. Sandy\\ngarden soil. Increased by division.\\nA grandifiora (large-flowered) hardy perennial 6 feet\\nflowers blue, in July Caucasus 1817. N. Sibirica (Siberian)\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers purple, in July Siberia 1804.\\nNettle-Tree. See Celtis.\\nNew-Jersey Tea. See Ceanothus.\\nNiCANDRA. [Solanaceae.] Robust half-hardy annual,\\nwith blue and white flowers pretty, but running too much to\\nfoliage. It should be sown in a mild hot-bed with other an-\\nnuals towards the end of April, and the plants planted out\\nin May or it may be sown in the border in May, and all\\nthe plants in each patch pulled away but the strongest.\\nWhen a little stunted, it looks pretty in a large border the\\nblossoms then being developed in a greater proportion to the\\nleaves.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0312.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 269\\nN. physaloides (physalis-like) hardy annual 4 feet flowers\\nblue and white, in July Peru 1759.\\nNicoTiANA. Tobacco. [Solanace^e.] An extensive genus,\\nthe species mostly hardy annuals. The most interesting is\\nthe N. Tabaciun, or Virginia tobacco, of which several varie-\\nties, all having rose-colored flowers, are pretty enough to be\\nintroduced sparingly into large miscellaneous flower-borders:\\nthey grow from three to six feet high, according to the soil\\nand climate. N. Langsdorffii^ with green flowers and blue\\nanthers, is rather pretty. Of the common annual species,\\nthe seeds may be scattered over the borders in May, and a\\nsingle plant left here and there where there is room for them.\\nThe Virginian tobacco must be sown in a warm frame in\\nApril, and treated like a half-hardy annual, being planted\\nout in May, to produce fine blooming plants. From the size\\nto which these plants grow, with their ample foliage, they\\nshould always be planted singly. Seeds are produced in\\nabundance, by wdiich they are increased.\\nN. Z\u00c2\u00ab;/^j-^ ?;2^/(Langsdorff s) hardy annual 3 feet flowers\\ngreen, in July; ChiH 1819. N. paniciilata (panicled) hardy\\nannual 3 feet flowers green, in July Peru 1752, N. Persica\\n(Persian) half-hardy annual 2 feet flowers white and green,\\nin September; Persia; 1831. N. Tabacum (Virginian); half-\\nhardy annual 4 feet flowers pink, in July; America 1570. N.\\nundulata (wavy) half-hardy perennial, may be cultivated as an\\nannual 2 feet flowers white, in July; New South Wales 1800.\\nNiEREMBERGiA. [Solanacc^.] Pretty half-hardy herbs,\\nsuitable for the flower-garden, and for small beds. Sandy\\nloam and peat. Propagated by cuttings in sand, during\\nsummer. The plants must be wintered in a dry airy green-\\nhouse, with precaution against damp. They may be planted\\nout in May.\\nN. calycina (large-calyxed) half-hardy perennial 6 inches", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0313.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "2/0 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nflowers white, in July; Uraguay 1834. N. filicaiilis (thread-\\nstemmed) half-hardy perennial 9 inches flowers white and\\nHlac, in July Buenos Ayres 1832. N. gracilis (slender) half-\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers white and lilac, in July Ura-\\nguay 1 83 1. N. intermedia (intermediate); half-hardy peren-\\nnial 9 inches flowers purple, black, and yellow, in July\\nBuenos Ayres 1832.\\nNiGELLA. Fennel-flower^ or Devil-in-a-biish. [Ranoncu-\\nlaceae.] Hardy annuals, requiring only to be sown in the\\nopen border in May, and the plants thinned to three or four\\ninches apart, six or eight being left in a patch. The flowers\\nhave a singular form and curious appearance.\\nN. aristata (awned) hardy annual 2 feet flowers blue, in\\nJuly Greece. N. coarctata (compressed) hardy annual 9\\ninches; flowers white, in July; south of Europe; 1793. N.\\nda7nascena (common); hardy annual 18 inches; flowers blue,\\nsingle or double, in June south of Europe 1570. N. Hispan-\\nica (Spanish) hardy annual j 18 inches flowers blue or white,\\nin June Spain; 1629. N. Orienlalis (Eastern) hardy annual;\\n18 inches flowers yellow, in July Syria 1699.\\nNightshade. See Solanum.\\nNoLANA. [Nolanaceas.] Pretty annuals, of prostrate\\ntrailing habit, with convolvulus-shaped blossoms. They\\nmay be sown in the open ground in May or may be sown\\nin March, in pots for planting out, and the plants kept in a\\ncold frame till the middle of May. They will flourish in\\ngood light garden soil, and are increased by seeds.\\nA atriplicifolia (atriplex-leaved) hardy annual 6 inches\\nflowers blue, white, and yellow, in July; Peru; 1834. N.\\nparadoxa (violet) hardy annual 6 inches flowers blue, in\\nJuly; Chili; 1825. N. prostrata (prostrate); hardy annual;\\n6 inches flowers blue, in July Peru 1761. N. tenella (slen-\\nder) hardy annual 6 inches flowers blue, in July Chili\\n1824. Variety subca^i ulea is a fine free-flowering variety, with", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0314.jp2"}, "281": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n271\\npale mauve-colored flowers. Variety laiiceolata is a vigorous\\ngrower, with blue flowers.\\nNorway Spruce. See Abies excelsa.\\nNuPHAR. [Nymphseaces.] ^ardy water-plants, with\\nlarge floating leaves, like those of Nymphoea, but having\\nyellow flowers. The species are worth cultivating. The\\nculture of them is in all respects the same as that of Nyfti-\\nphcea.\\nN. advena (stranger) hardy aquatic perennial, floating\\nflowers yellow, in July; North America; 1772. N. Kalmiana\\n(Kalm s) hardy aquatic perennial, floating flowers yellow, in\\nJuly; Canada; 1807. A/ /?^/m (yellow) hardy aquatic peren-\\nnial, floating flowers yellow, in June England. N. pumila\\n(dwarf); hardy aquatic perennial, floating; flowers yellow, in July;\\nEngland. N. sagittcEfolia (arrow-leaved) hardy aquatic peren^\\nnial, floating; flowers yellow, in July North America; 1824.\\nNycterinia. [ScrophuIarinese.J Pretty greenhouse plants,\\nrequiring to be grown in a sandy soil of peat and loam. In-\\ncreased by cuttings or seeds. The perennials require an\\nairy greenhouse, and care in watering. The annuals to be\\ntreated as half-hardy annuals.\\nN. lycJmidea (lychnis-like) greenhouse evergreen sub-shrub\\nI foot flowers white and purple, in May Cape. N. selagiiioides\\n(selago-like) greenhouse annual 9 inches flowers white, with\\nyellow eye, in summer Cape 1854.\\nNymph^a. Water-lily. [Nymphaeaceae.] A family of\\nbeautiful water-plants, including some of the most desirable\\nfor cultivation in hardy aquariums. This genus includes\\nseveral stove species, as well as the hardy ones of which\\nlatter, nearly all have white flowers. The plants require to\\nbe planted in a layer of rich mud at the bottom of the water\\nand so that there is room enough for their floating foliage,\\nthey need little other attention. One of the best ways of\\nfixing the rhizomes, or root-stocks, is to plant them in a", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0315.jp2"}, "282": {"fulltext": "2/2 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ncommon wicker basket filled with mud, the basket being\\ndropped into the water where the plant is required. The\\ntender kinds have to be planted in large pots or pans, which\\nare sunk into cisterns of water and, in order to secure the\\nblooming of the plants, there ought to be provision for warm-\\ning the water in the cisterns by some means They are in-\\ncreased by dividing the rhizomes. Both hardy and tender\\nspecies are worth growing.\\nN. alba (white) hardy aquatic perennial, floating flowers\\nwhite, in June England. N. nitida (shining) hardy aquatic\\nperennial, floating flowers white, in July Siberia; 1809. N.\\nodorata (sweet) hardy aquatic perennial, floating flowers white,\\nin July North America 1786. N. pygmcea (pygmy); half-\\nhardy aquatic perennial, floating flowers white, in July China\\n1 805. N. reniformis (kidney-shaped) half-hardy aquatic peren-\\nnial, floating flowers white, in July CaroHna 1823.\\nNyssa. Tupelo. [Cornaceae.] Hardy trees, with orna-\\nmental foliage, which turns a brilliant red in the autumn.\\nRaised from seed, which should be sown where the plants\\nare to stand, as they transplant with difliculty. Soil, moist\\nloam.\\nN. viidtijlora (many-flowered) hardy tree 20 feet fruit\\npurple, in autumn. N. imijlora (single-flowered) is an aquatic\\nSouthern species.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0316.jp2"}, "283": {"fulltext": "OAK. See Quercus.\\nOats Animated. See Avena.\\nObeliscaria. [Compositae.] Showy hardy perennials.\\nThey require the same treatment as Rudbeckia, to which\\nthey are alHed.\\nO. colu7nnaris (columnar) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nyellow, in August; North America; 181 1. O. Drumynondii\\n(Drummond s) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow and\\nblack, in July; North America; 1836. O. pulcherri7)ia (pret-\\ntiest) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow and red, in Au-\\ngust Texas 1835.\\n(Enothera. Evening-primrose. [Onagraceae.] Showy\\nhardy plants, mostly perennials and biennials, with a few\\nannuals. The annuals require to be sown in May, where\\nthey are to flower, and to be thinned when they come up or\\nthey may be sown in a patch, and planted out. Common\\ngarden soil. The biennial and perennial kinds should be\\nsown in patches, and planted out when they are large enough,\\nw^herever they are to bloom. The latter grow best in peaty\\nsoil, and especially in situations where they are not subjected\\nto drought. There are a large number of species. Most\\nof the old-fashioned annual (Enotheras are now called\\nGodetia.\\nCE. biettnis (biennial) hardy biennial 4 feet flowers yellow,\\nin July North America 1629. (E. Driwimondii (Drum-\\nmond s) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers yellow, in July\\nTexas; 1833. Fraseri (Eraser s); hardy perennial; 18\\n18 273", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0319.jp2"}, "284": {"fulltext": "274 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ninches; flowers yellow, in June; North America; 1811. CE.\\nfniticosa (shrubby) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nAugust; North America 1737. ffi Z^;;z^rc/^z^;/^ (Lamarck s);\\nhardy biennial 3 feet flowers bright-yellow, very large Texas\\ni860. CE. inacrocarpa (large-fruited) hardy perennial 6 inch-\\nes flowers large yellow, in June; North America 181 1, OEr.\\nMissoiiriensis (Missouri) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nlarge yellow, in June; North America; 181 8. (E. odorata\\n(sweet) hardy biennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in June South\\nAmerica 1790. CE. puiiiila (dwarf) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers yellow, in July; North America; 1757. CE. speciosa\\n(showy); half-hardy perennial 18 inches flowers white, in June\\nNorth America; 1821. CE. taraxacifolia (dandelion-leaved);\\nhardy perennial 9 inches flowers yellow, in June Peru 1822.\\nCE. tetraptera (four-winged) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nwhite, in July Mexico 1796.\\nOleaster. See El^agnus.\\nOmphalodes. [Boraginaceae.] A gerrus containing two\\nfavorite plants, the annual Venus s Navel-wort, and the\\nearly blooming dwarf O. verna, whose pretty little bright\\nblue flowers are mistaken by persons not skilled in plants\\nfor the Forget-me-not, a very different thing. Both are of\\nthe easiest culture. The perennial will increase to any ex-\\ntent by division, and, when once planted, need not be dis-\\nturbed for years for, within moderate limits, the larger the\\npatch of such diminutive subjects, the better. It is very\\nsuitable for rock-work which is not too dry and exposed. The\\nannual may be sown in the borders, towards the end of\\nMarch, and again in May for a succession, and requires only\\ngood garden soil.\\nO. linifolia (Venus s Navel-wort) hardy annual i foot\\nflowers white, in June; Portugal; 1748. O. verna (spring);\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue, in April south of Eu-\\nrope 1633.\\nOnobrychis. Saintfoin. [Leguminosae.] Hardy peren-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0320.jp2"}, "285": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 275\\nnials. Soil, sandy loam. Increased by seeds. Some are\\npretty, but not of much importance.\\nOnonis. Restharrow. [Leguminosae.] A genus of hardy\\nand half-hardy perennials and annuals. Some of the sub-\\nshrubby species are suitable for large rock-work. Soil, sandy\\nloam. Increased by seeds.\\nOnosma. [Boraginaceae.] Perennial herbs, mostly hardy,\\nand many of them pretty subjects for rock-work. The flow-\\ners are tubularly bell-shaped, and in all cases yellow or 3 el-\\nlowish. They grow best on dry and rather sandy soil, such\\nas exposed rockwork, being very liable to rot off in damp\\nconfined places and the tenderer ones need protection from\\nwet in winter. When seeds can be got, they make the best\\nplants they should be sown about May, either in pots for\\nsubsequent transplantation, or in the situations where they\\nare to remain. If seeds cannot be had, they must be in-\\ncreased by cuttings of the young shoots, planted in sandy\\nsoil, and placed under a hand-glass.\\nO. echioidcs (echium-hke) half-hardy perennial i foot flow-\\ners white, in April south of Europe 16S3. O. Gmelini (Gme-\\nlin s) hardy perennial i foot flowers straw-colored, in June\\nAltai; 1829. O. Orientale (Eastern); half-hardy perennial;\\n6 inches flowers yellow, in May Levant 1752. O. polyphyl-\\nhim (many-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers pale-yel-\\nlow, in July; Tauria 1829. O. rupestre (rock); half-hardy\\nperennial; i foot flowers yellow, in i\\\\Iay Caucasus; 1S19.\\nO. setosum (bristly) hardy perennial i foot flowers yellow, in\\nJuly Russia; 1838. O. stelhclatiun (starred) hardy perennial\\n6 inches flowers yellow, in May; Croatia; 1819.\\nOphelia. [Gentianacese.] A pretty annual. Peat bor-\\nder. Seeds, to be sown in heat in April the }T3ung plants\\nplanted out in May.\\nO. ptLrpiirascens (purplish) half-hardy annual 9 inches\\nflowers purphsh, in May; East Indies 1836.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0321.jp2"}, "286": {"fulltext": "2/6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nOphiopogon. [Liliaceae.] Hardy and half-hardy peren-\\nnial. Sandy loam and peat. Division.\\nO. Japonicus (Japan) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers\\npale-purple, in June Japan 1784. O. spicatus (spiked); hardy\\nperennial; i foot flowers violet, in October Nepaul 1821.\\nThese plants require protection in the Northern States.\\nOriganum. Marjoram. [Lamiaceae.] In this genus of\\nhardy aromatic herbs are included two pretty greenhouse\\ndwarf shrubs, which are excellent window plants. They\\nincrease by cuttings, and grow in sandy loam.\\nO. Dicta77niMs (Dittany of Crete) half-hardy sub-shrub i\\nfoot flowers purple, in little drooping heads like hops, in July\\nCandia; 1551. O. Sipyleimi (Sipylian) half-hardy sub-shrub\\n18 inches flowers purple, in hop-hke heads, in July Levant\\n1699.\\nOrnithogalum. Star of Bethlehem. [Liliaceae.] An\\nextensive genus of bulbous plants, containing about a score\\nof hardy species, and about twice that number of half-hardy\\nones. Tlie flowers are star-like, and, in the majority of in-\\nstances, white, often streaked inside or out with green. They\\ngrow readily in rich, light, loamy soil the hardy ones planted\\nout in the open borders or in beds, and the tender ones pot-\\nted, and kept in a frame or- on a shelf in a cool greenhouse.\\nThe taller species, with their long spikes of starry flowers,\\nare very ornamental. They all increase by means of offsets,\\nas is the case with other bulbs.\\nO. Arabiciun (Arabian) half-hardy bulb 18 inches flowers\\nwhite, in March; Egypt; 1629. O. aureiim (golden); green-\\nhouse bulb I foot flowers orange, in June Cape 1790. O.\\ncomosum (tufted) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers white, in Ju-\\nly; -Austria; 1596. 6 ^(9r)/;;z^^i-?/;;z (corymbose) half-hardy\\nbulb I foot flowers white, in April Peru 1823. O. exscap-\\nU7n (stemless) hardy bulb 6 inches flowers white, in May", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0322.jp2"}, "287": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 2//\\nItaly; 1824. O. Iacteu7n (milk-wliite) half-hardy bolb i foot\\nflowers white, in June Cape 1796. O. marginatinn (mar-\\ngined) hardy bulb 9 inches flowers greenish-white, in May\\nAsia 1843. O. 7noiitanujn (mountain) hardy bulb 6 inches\\nflowers white, in May Naples 1824. O. A arbonense (Nar-\\nbonne) hardy bulb; 18 inches; flowers white, in July; south\\nof Europe; 18 10. O. niveiim (snowy); half-hardy bulb; 6\\ninches; flowers white, in May; Cape; 1774. O. odoratuin\\n(sweet); half-hardy bulb; 18 inches; flowers pale-yellow, in\\nMay Cape 1795. O. pyrajnidale (pyramidal) hardy bulb 2\\nfeet flowers white, in June Spain 1752. O. suaveolens (fra-\\ngrant) half-hardy bulb 6 inches flowers white, in June\\nCape 1826. O. uinbellatiim (umbelled) hardy bulb 6 inches\\nflowers white, in May England.\\nThere are numerous other species deserving of cultivation.\\nOrobus. Bitter Vetch. [Leguminosae.] An extensive\\nfamily of hardy perennials. Common light deep gai den\\nsoil. Increased by division.\\nO. atropurpjweits (dark-purple) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers deep-purple, in May; Algiers; 1826. O. aurcuitms\\n(orange) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers yellow, in June\\nIberia 1818. O. fonnosiis (showy) hardy perennial 9 inches\\nflowers purple, in June Caucasus; 1818. (7. \u00e2\u0096\u00a0z/^;7//^ y (spring)\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers purple, in May Europe 1629.\\nOsage Orange. See Maclura.\\nOrnus. Flowering Ash. [Oleaceae.] Hardy deciduous\\ntrees, with white flowers. Common garden soil. Propa-\\ngated by seeds.\\nO. America7ia (American) 30 feet flowers in May North\\nAmerica; 1820. (9. ^z/r^/^\u00c2\u00ab (European) 20 feet flowers in\\nMay; Italy; 1730. O. fioribimda (bundle-flowered); 30 feet;\\nNepaul 1822. O. rottmdifolia (round-leaved); 16 feet; flow-\\ners in May; Italy; 1697. O. striata (channelled); 30 feet;\\nflowers in April North America 1818.\\nOxYDENDRUM. See Andromeda", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0323.jp2"}, "288": {"fulltext": "278\\nGAUDEN FLOWERS.\\nOsTRYA. Hop Hornbeam. [Corylacese.] Hardy decidu-\\nous small trees^ with fine foliage and ornamental fruit. In-\\ncreased by seeds, and grafting on common Hornbeam. Rich\\ndeep moist soil.\\nO. Virgmica (Virginian) 20 feet flowers in May North\\nAmerica; 1622. O. vulgaris (common); 20 feet; flowers in\\nMay; Italy; 1724.\\nOswego Tea. Monarda didyma.\\nOxYTROPis. [Leguminosse.] A family of mostly hardy\\nplants from Siberia, allied to Astragalus. Soil, sandy loam.\\nPropagated by seeds sown where the plants are to remain,\\nas they transplant badly. There are some forty species.\\nOxYURA. [Compositae.] A pretty showy chrysanthemum-\\nlike annual. Sow in the open border in May, and thin out\\nthe plants.\\nO. chrysanthemoides (chrysanthemum-like) hardy annual j 18\\ninches flowers yellow and white, in July California 1834.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0324.jp2"}, "289": {"fulltext": "P^ONI A. [Ranunculaceae.] Very showy plants, of easy\\nculture in deep rich loam. Propagated by division, if\\nherbaceous if tree, or Moutan, by division, grafting, cut-\\ntings of the young shoots in spring, by layers and suckers,\\nby layering the young shoots after ringing-round each bud\\nso that each bud forms a plant. The shrubby species are\\nsometimes called Moutan (which see). All the species are\\ndesirable, and few plants are more showy in the garden and\\nshrubbery.\\nHardy Shrubs. P. Moutan (Chinese-tree) 3 feet flowers\\npurple, in May China 1 789. P. albida-plena (double-white)\\n2 feet flowers white, in May China. P. Anneslei (Annesley s)\\n3 feet flowers pink, in May China. P. atropitrpicrea (dark-\\npurple-flowered) 4 feet flowers purple, in May; China; 1846.\\nBanksii (Banks s) 3 feet flowers purple, in May China\\n.1794. P. carnea-plena (double-flesh-colored) 2 feet; flowers in\\nMay China. P. globosa (globular-flowered) 3 feet flesh-color,\\nflowers white and purple, in May; Shanghae 1845. P- H^cic-\\nina (lilac-colored); 3 feet flowers lilac, in May China; 1845.\\nP. Htimei (Hume s) 2 feet flowers purple, in May China\\n1 817. P. papaveracea (poppy-hke) 3 feet; flowers white, in\\nMay; China; 1789. P. pai^viflora (small-flowered); 3 feet;\\nflowers pale-rose, in May; Shanghae 1845. P- P^da (painted);\\n3 feet flowers pale and deep rose-striped, in May Canton\\n1845. P- Pawesii (Rawes s) 2 feet flowers pale-pink, in May\\nChina; 1820. P. rosea (rosy); 3 feet; flowers pink, in May;\\nChina. P. rosea-plena (double- rose) 2 feet flowers red, in\\nMay; China; 1804. P. rosea-sej?ti-p le7ta* {strm-douhlo^ rose);\\n279", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0327.jp2"}, "290": {"fulltext": "280 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n2 feet; flowers red, in May; China; 1794. P. salmonea (salmon-\\ncolored) 3 feet; flowers pale-salmon, in May; China; 1846.\\nP. speciosa (showy) 2 feet flowers pink, in May; China; 1825.\\nP. Alexander II. is a very large rich rosy-red variety hybrid\\ni860. P. glorie Belgarum is the largest Peony known flowers\\nvery double, crimson hybrid 1857.\\nHardy Herbaceous. P. albifiora (white-flowered) 2 feet\\nflowers white, in May; Siberia; 1548. P. albifiora Candida\\n(white) 2 feet flowers flesh-color, in May Siberia. P. albi-\\nfiora festa (pleasant) 2 feet flowers white and pink, in June.\\nP. albifiora fragrafts (fragrant) 2 feet flowers, red in May\\nChina; 1805. P albifiora Hiiinei (Hume s double-crimson); 2\\nfeet; flowers red, in May; China; 1808. P. albifiora Pottsii\\n(Potts s) 3 feet; flowers crimson, in June; China; 1822. P.\\nalbifiora Reevesii (Reeves s double) 2 feet flowers pink, in\\nJune; China; 1822. P. albifiora riibescens (ruddy); 2 feet;\\nflowers pink, in May Siberia. P. albifiora Siberica (Siberian)\\n2 feet flowers white, in May Siberia. P. albifiora Tatarica\\nTartarian) 2 feet flowers flesh-color, in May Siberia. P.\\nalbifiora nnifiora (single-flowered) 2 feet flowers pink, in May;\\nSiberia. P. albifiora vestalis (virgin) 2 feet flowers white, in\\nMay Siberia. P. albifiora Whitleji (Whitley s double-white)\\n2 feet flowers blush, in May; China 1808. P. anoinala (anom-\\nalous) 18 inches; flowers crimson, in May; Siberia; 1788.\\nP. arietina (ram) 2 feet flowers purple Levant. P. arietifta-\\nAndersonii (Anderson s) flowers rose, in June. P. arietina\\nOxoiiiensis (Oxford) 2 feet flowers pale-blush, in June. P.\\nBrownii (Brown s) flowers red, in May North America 1826.\\nP. coralli7ta (coralline) 3 feet flowers crimson, in May Eng-\\nland. P. Corsica (Corsican) flowers purple, in June Corsica.\\nP. Cretica (Cretan) 2 feet flowers white, in May Crete. P.\\ndecora (comely) 2 feet flowers purple, in May Turkey. P.\\ndecora elatior (taller) 2 feet flowers purple, in May Crimea.\\nP. decora Pallasii (Pallas s) 2 feet flowers purple, in May\\nCrimea. P. hiiniilis (dwarf) 2 feet flowers purple, in May\\nSpain 1633. P. hybrida (hybrid) 2 feet flowers red, in May;\\nSiberia. P. lobata (lobed) 2 feet flowers purple, in May", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0328.jp2"}, "291": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 28 1\\nSpain; 1821. P. mollis (soft); 18 inches; flowers purple, in\\nMay Siberia. P. officinalis (shop) 3 feet flowers red, in\\nMay Europe 1548. P. officinalis albicans (whitening) 3 feet\\nflowers white, in May. P. officinalis aneinonijlora (anemone-\\nflowered) 3 feet; flowers pink, in May; 1830. P. officinalis\\nBaxteri (Baxter s) 3 feet flowers crimson Oxford. P. offici-\\nnalis blanda (bland) 3 feet flowers white, in May. P. offici-\\nnalis canescens (hoary) 3 feet flowers white, in May. P. offi-\\ncinalis inultipctala (many-petaled) 3 feet flowers crimson, in\\nMay. P. officinalis rosea (rosy) 3 feet flowers red, in May.\\nP. officinalis rubra (double-red) 3 feet flowers red, in May.\\nP. officinalis variegata (variegated-leaved) 3 feet flowers crim-\\nson, in June. P. paradoxa (paradoxical) 2 feet flowers pur-\\nple, in May Levant. P. paradoxa compacta (compact) 2 feet\\nflowers purple, in May. P. paradoxa fimbriata (double-fringed)\\n2 feet flowers purple, in May. P. paradoxa Grevillii (Gre-\\nville s); 2 feet flowers purple, in May. P. paradoxa peregrina\\n(straggling) 2 feet flowers dark-purple, in May. P. pubens\\n(downy) 2 feet flowers red, in May. P. Reevesiana (Reeves s)\\n3 feet; flowers crimson, in May; China. P. Russi (Russ s);\\n2 feet flowers crimson, in May Sicily. P. siinpliciflora (sim-\\nple-flowered) flowers red, in May Levant. P. temufolia\\n(fme-leaved) 18 inches; flowers red, in May; Siberia; 1765.\\nP. teniiifolia fiore-pleno (double-flowered); 18 inches; flowers\\nred, in May; Russia; 1831. P. tenuifolia latifolia (broad-\\nleaved) 2 feet flowers crimson, in June. P. triternata (thrice-\\nthree-leafleted) 3 feet flowers purple, in May Siberia; 1790.\\nP. villosa (shaggy) 2 feet flowers red, in May south of Eu-\\nrope 1 8 16. P. Witmajiniana (Witmann s) 2 feet; flowers\\ngreenish-yellow, in May; Abcharia 1842.\\nFor new varieties, which are constantly produced, consult\\nthe latest florist catalogues.\\nPalafoxia. [Compositai.] Annuals and herbaceous per-\\nennials, thriving in sandy loam, and propagated by seeds\\nand division. P. linearis is tender.\\nP. fastigiata (tapering) hardy perennial flowers white, in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0329.jp2"}, "292": {"fulltext": "282 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nAugust; North America; 1823. P. linearis (narrow-leaved);\\ntender perennial flowers white, in June Mexico 1821. P.\\nJexana (Texan) hardy annual flowers brownish-red, in Au-\\ngust Texas; 1850.\\nPalma Christi. See Ricinus.\\nPansy. See Viola.\\nPapaver. Poppy. [Papaveraceae.] A genus of hardy\\nplants, containing many weeds and some showy species it\\ncomprises perennials, biennials, and annuals. Of the latter,\\nthe double-flowered varieties, sometimes known as Carnation\\nand Picotee Poppies, are the most worthy of cultivation, and\\nthese are really gay as well as stately plants besides which,\\nif colors have any charm in a garden, it is almost impossible\\nto enumerate the different tints that a pinch of good seed\\nwill produce. These annual kinds will overrun a garden if\\nthe pods of seed are not removed before ripening. For\\nmixed or shrubbery borders, this may be no objection, as\\nplants can be left where there is space for them, and the rest\\nhoed up but, in the more neatly kept parts of a garden, this\\nscattering of the seed should be prevented, and a supply of\\nplants raised by special sowing. The seeds may be sown in\\nMay, in patches where they are to grow, and thinned out to\\nthree or four strong plants in a patch or, if more convenient,\\nthey may be sown thinly in any open place out of the way,\\nand, when large enough, planted in the borders and beds\\nwhere they are wanted. Any plants which show flowers at\\nall secondary in quality should be pulled up immediately,\\nand none be left in the ground but very double and very\\npretty ones the seed from these, or from the most beauti-\\nful of them, will give good varieties another year. The per-\\nennials want no culture, but to be planted in good garden\\nsoil, and left undisturbed they increase by seeds or by\\ndivision.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0330.jp2"}, "293": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 283\\nP. Alpimun (Alpine); hardy perennial; 9 inches; flowers\\nwhite, in July; Austria; 1759. P. ainosimm (lovely); hardy\\nannual; 2 feet flowers red and white, in June; India; 1830.\\nP. bracteatiun (bracted) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers scar-\\nlet, very showy, in May Siberia 181 7. P. croceutji (saf-\\nfron) hardy perennial i foot flowers copper-color, in May\\nAltai 1829. P. nudicaule (naked-stemmed); hardy perennial\\n18 inches flowers yellow, in July Siberia 1730. P. Orientale\\n(Eastern); hardy perennial 3 feet flowers scarlet, very showy,\\nin May Armenia 1714. P. Rhceas (common corn) hardy an-\\nnual 2 feet. The garden double-flowered varieties of this plant\\nare very gay, of almost every color, red predominating, and va-\\nriously variegated, and with the petals smooth-edged. P\\\\ somni-\\nferum (opium-bearing) hardy annual 3 to 4 feet. Of this the\\ndouble varieties only are desirable for gardens. They are of\\nstately aspect, and very handsome but differ from the last in\\nbeing formed of a mass of small narrow petals or larger cut-\\nedged ones. The colors are various, chiefly shades of red, pur-\\nple, white, and blotched.\\nPaper Mulberry. See Broussonetia.\\nParnassia. [Hypericaceae.] Pretty dwarf herbaceous per-\\nennials. Damp peaty soil. Propagated by division or by\\nseeds.\\nP. asa^-ifolia (asarum-Ieaved) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers white, in July; North America; 1812. P. Caroliniana\\n(Carolina) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers white, in May\\nNorth America 1802. P. pahcstris (marsh) hardy perennial\\n9 inches flowers white, in July Britain North America-\\nPasque-Flower. See Anemone.\\nPaulownia. [Scrophularineae.] A fine deciduous tree\\nallied to Catalpa, scarcely hardy in New England, except in\\nthe most favored spots, in consequence of its producing very\\nrobust shoots, which seldom ripen but doing well south of\\nNew York. Its large bunches of trumpet-shaped purplish\\nflowers are very handsome. It should be planted in a dry", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0331.jp2"}, "294": {"fulltext": "284 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nsoil, and in warm situations, where its vigorous shoots may\\nbe well ripened annually. Increased by layers, cuttings of\\nthe young shoots, and seeds.\\nP. z mperia/is {ImperiaX) hardy tree 25 feet flowers purplish,\\nin May Japan 1840.\\nPavia. [Sapindaceae.] A small group of the Horse-\\nchestnut family, consisting of handsome flowering trees of\\nthe smaller class. They grow in any deep lightish garden\\nsoil, and are usually increased by grafting on the common\\nHorse-chestnut, or by layers.\\nF. discolor (two-colored) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers red\\nand yellow, in June North America 1812. P. inacrostachya\\n(large-spiked) hardy shrub 6 feet flowers white, in July\\nNorth America 1820. P. rubra (red); hardy shrub; 6 feet\\nflowers red, in June; North America; 171 1. The varieties\\nhumilis and Junnilis pendttla, both red-flowered, are desirable.\\nThese are selected on account of their small size.\\nPea Sweet. See IvAthyrus.\\nPeach. See Persica.\\nPedicularis. Loiiseivort. [Scrophularineae.] Hardy\\nand half-hardy perennials, often very handsome, but not\\nvery easily grown. Damp peaty soil. Increased by seeds.\\nMany species have been introduced. There are in all about\\nthirty species, but the plants are not common in gardens.\\nPelargonium. [Geraniaceae.] A very large family of\\nbeautiful plants. The only ones however which call for our\\nattention in connection with the flower-garden are the Scar-\\nlet Geraniums, so called, so popular for summer bedding.\\nThey require ordinary greenhouse treatment in the winter,\\nor will survive in a warm, light cellar. The varieties are\\nchanging every year, and florists catalogues will afford a fine\\ncollection of the various colors of red, pink, and white and\\nalso fine variegated-leaved kinds. These kinds have sprung", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0332.jp2"}, "295": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 285\\nfrom P. Bentinckianum, inquinans^ zonale, and others of the\\nsame character.\\nPennisetum. [Graminese.] A family of ornamental\\ngrasses, succeeding in any soil from spring-sown seeds.\\nP. villosum (hairy) hardy annual apetalous Brazil.\\nPenthorum. [Crassulaceas.] Hardy succulent-leaved per-\\nennials. Common soil. Increased by division.\\nP. sedoides (sedum-like) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nyellow, in July; North America; 1768..\\nPentstemon. [Scrophularineae.] A large genus of hardy\\nor half-hardy herbaceous perennials, sometimes sub-shrubby\\namong the most ornamental of summer-flowering plants.\\nThe best kinds for the flower-garden are the varieties of P.\\nHartwegii, often called genfianoides^ which is sub-shrubby,\\npropagates freely by cuttings, and blooms most profusely\\nfrom August onwards till severe frost occurs. It should be\\nwintered in cold frames, and planted out in spring. They\\nmay all be propagated by seeds or cuttings, less freely by\\ndivision, according to their peculiar habits of growth and\\nrequire to be planted in a moderately rich light loamy soil\\nto attain their full beauty, which is very considerable. Most\\nof those marked half-hardy perennials which are not sub-\\nshrubby, survive over winters, in favorable situations, and\\nprotected against excessive wet. It is, however, safer to\\nshelter them in cold frames. They also survive better where\\nthere is a keen pure air.\\nP. atropurpureiis (dark-purple) half-hardy sub-shrubby pe-\\nrennial 2 feet flowers deep rose-purple, in July Mexico\\n1827. P aziiretts {2iZ\\\\irQ) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nblue, in June Mexico 1848. P. baccJiarifolius (baccharis-\\nleaved) half-hardy perennial, or perhaps biennial; 18 inches;\\nflowers scarlet, in August Texas 1851. P. barbatiis (bearded)\\nhardy perennial 3 feet flowers light scarlet, in July Mexico", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0333.jp2"}, "296": {"fulltext": "2S6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n1 794 often called Chelo7ie. P. campamdaHis (bell-flowered)\\nhalf-hardy sub-shrubby perennial 2 feet flowers light rose-\\npurple, in July Mexico 1794. P.ccjitra7ithifolius{(:Qnir2ini\\\\\\\\\\\\ii5-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers deep scarlet, in July\\nCalifornia 1 834 often called Chelone. P. coboea (coboea-flow-\\nered) half-hardy perennial 18 inches flowers white and rose,\\nin August; Texas; 1835. P. crassifoliiis (thick-leaved); half-\\nhardy sub-shrubby perennial i foot flowers blue, in June\\nNorth America P. cyaiianthiis (blue) half-hardy perennial 3\\nfeet; flowers deep-blue, in July Rocky Mountains; 1849, P.\\ndiffiisus (diiTuse) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers light-purple,\\nin July North America 1826. P. digitalis (foxglove-like)\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers whitish, in July Arkansas\\n1824. P. G^r ^(9;// (Gordon s) half-hardy perennial; 2 feet;\\nflowers light-blue, in June Rocky Mountains 1845. P- Hart-\\nwegii (Hartweg s) half-hardy sub-shrubby perennial 2 feet\\nflowers reddish-purple, in July Mexico 1825. Of this beauti-\\nful and useful plant, there are numerous garden varieties the\\nmost distinct are albus, creamy white coccineus^ scarlet di-\\naphaiiiis, rosy McEiveni, rose Salteri, white, bordered with\\nrose Verplankii, rose. P. heterophylhun (various-leaved)\\nhalf-hardy sub-shrubby perennial flowers rose-color, in July\\nCalifornia 1834. P. miiiiatns (vermilion) half-hardy sub-\\nshrubby perennial i foot flowers vermihon, in July Mexico\\n1846, P. Murrayaniim (Murray s) half-hardy perennial 3\\nfeet; flowers scarlet, in August; Texas; 1835. P- ovatus\\n(ovate) hardy perennial 2^ feet flowers deep-blue, in July\\nNorth America 1826. P. roseus (rosy) half-hardy sub-shrubby\\nperennial; 2 feet; flowers rose, in July; Mexico; 1825. P.\\nspeciostis (showy) half-hardy perennial 3 feet flowers light\\nblue, in July North America 1827. P. IVrighiii (yslnghi^s,)\\nhalf-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers rich deep-rose, in June\\nTexas 1851.\\nAll the other species are worth growing where there is\\nspace for them.\\nPerilla. [Lamiaceae.] Half-hardy annuals, valuable", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0334.jp2"}, "297": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 28/\\nfor their dark foliage. Light garden soil. Increased by\\nseeds.\\nP. Na7ikine7isis (Nankin); half-hardy annual; i8 inches;\\npurple leaves China 1852.\\nP. ocymoides and fruticosa are not of much cultural value.\\nPeriploca. [Asclepiadacese.] Hardy deciduous climbers,\\nwith glossy ornamental foliage. Loamy soil. Increased by\\nlayers and cuttings.\\nP. angustifolia (narrow-leaved) hardy twining shrub 6 feet\\nflowers purplish, in July; south of Europe; 1800. P. Grceca\\n(Greek); hardy twining shrub 12 feet; flowers purpHsh-brown,\\nin July Syria 1597.\\nPeriwinkle. See Vinca.\\nPersica. Peach. [Amygdalaceae.] A well-known genus,\\ncontaining some beautiful flowering shrubs. Good garden\\nsoil. Propagated by budding.\\nP. vulgaris (common) of this there are *the following fine va-\\nrieties, flore pleno (double-flowered, white and pink) foliis\\nvariegatis (variegated-leaved) pendala (weeping) sangidnea\\nplena (double red) camilliaflora (rich deep crimson double\\nflowers, China, 1847); rosaejiora (deep rose double flowers,\\nChina, 1848).\\nPersicaria. See Polygonum.\\nPetasites. [Composite.] Hardy herbaceous perennial,\\ngrowing in common soil, and increased by division.\\nP. alba (white) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers white, in\\nMay Europe 1683.\\nPetunia. [Solanaces.] Showy, soft-stemmed, shrubby\\nperennials, closely allied to Nierembergia. The garden Pe-\\ntunias have sprung from P. nyctaginiflora and violacea the\\nlatter, in its original form, one of the richest of all plants\\nfor bedding out in the flower-garden, owing to its brilliant\\ncolor. Tliere are, however, few families in which cultivation", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0335.jp2"}, "298": {"fulltext": "288 GARDEN FLOWKRS.\\nhas effected such a revohition as in this for from the flimsy\\nflowers of the old white, and the pointed blossoms of the\\nold purple, have been produced flowers of circular outline,\\nwith thick corollas, and fluctuating beautiful colors. Petu-\\nnias are propagated either by seed or cuttings. Seeds may\\nbe sown in March, on a hot-bed, and the plants treated as\\nhalf-hardy annuals. Cuttings strike freely placed in a frame,\\nwith bottom heat they should be planted in March and\\nApril, being obtained from old plants placed in heat, and\\nfrom the tops of the earlier-planted cuttings, if a supply of\\nyoung plants was not provided the previous autumxn. The\\nyoung plants require to be separately potted, hardened in a\\ncold frame, and planted out in May, when the danger of\\nfrost is passed. A few plants should be kept in pots, rather\\nstunted, for preservation through the winter in order to sup-\\nply cuttings in spring or young plants may be struck in\\nAugust, and well hardened, and kept in the greenhouse on\\nan airy shelf through the winter such plants will, if vigor-\\nous and healthy, bloom earlier than spring cuttings. P or\\nthis reason, a supply, more or less abundant, should always\\nbe struck at the end of the summer to keep over for plant-\\ning out in spring.\\nP. ftyctaginifiora (large-flowered) half-hardy perennial i8\\ninches; flowers white, in June;. La Plata; 1823, P. violacea\\n(violaceous) half-hardy perennial 18 inches flowers rose-pur-\\nple, in June Buenos Ayres 1831. This is sometimes called\\nP. Ph(\u00c2\u00a3iiicea.\\nThe names of the florists varieties are arbitrary. Fine\\nvarieties may be selected from florists catalogues. The\\ndouble varieties are better fitted for the greenhouse than the\\ngarden.\\nPhaca. [Leguminosae.] Hardy herbaceous perennials.\\nSoil, sandy loam, Increased by seeds or division. The", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0336.jp2"}, "299": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 289\\nspecies are Alpi?ia, arenaria, astragalifia^ exalfata, frigida,\\nlutea, Lapponica, oroboides^ triangularis, and many others.\\nPhacelia. [Hydrophyllaceae.] Pretty annuals, of the\\neasiest cuUure in the open ground the seeds being sown in\\nMay. There are some unimportant perennials.\\nP. congesta (crowded) hardy annual i foot flowers purple,\\nin June Texas 1835. P. fiinbriata (fringed) hardy annual\\nI foot flowers white and Hlac, in June North America 1840.\\nP. tanacetifolia (tansy-leaved); hardy annual; 18. in.ches flow-\\ners blue-lilac, in June; California; 1832. P. vinifolia vine-\\nleaved) hardy annual 18 inches flowers light-blue, in Sep-\\ntember Texas 1834.\\nPhalangium. [Liliaceae.] Half-hardy herbaceous per-\\nennials, with pretty blossoms. Common soiL. Increased\\nby division.\\nP. Liliago (grass-leaved) half-hardy perennial i foot flow-\\ners white, in May south of Europe 1 5,96..\\nPhalaris. [Graminaceae.] EUardy annuals. Common\\nsoil. Increased by seeds. P. Ca7iariensis produces the\\ncanary seed. The other species are P.. appendicidata and\\ncommutata.\\nPharbitis. Gay-bine. [Convolvulaceae.] Annual and\\nperennial twiners of graceful habit, with extremely gay flow-\\ners. Some of the species are tender others may be treated\\nas half-hardy annuals. The genus contains the well-known\\nConvolvulus major, the plants commonly grown under that\\nname including the varieties of F. hispida, Nil, hederacea,\\nand perhaps some others. The colors of the Convolvulus\\nmajor are varied deep-purple, violet, light-blue, white, pale-\\nrose, deep rose-crimson, and blue and white striped. This\\nconvolvulus should be sown in May, in patches, round a\\npost or pillar, or at the foot of a stump of a tree, or where\\nit can be provided with tall branchy stakes on which to\\n19", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0337.jp2"}, "300": {"fulltext": "290 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ntwine, for the plant will grow ten feet high, and in season be\\ncovered with bloom it is, however, characteristic of the\\nplant to close its flowers during rains or in very cloudy\\nweather, and at the approach of night. The varieties seed\\nfreely but as the seeds soon shed after ripening, a good\\nlook-out must be kept for the pods. They may also be sown\\nin pots in March, and kept in frames till May, and then\\nplanted out. They like a light rich soil. The other annual\\nspecies require exactly the same management. A strong\\ngrowing, somewhat shrubby species, P. Learii, is too hand-\\nsome to be here omitted, though it requires a stove or warm\\ngreenhouse it is a plant which grows and flowers well, pro-\\nvided it has room to extend its branches, and nourishment\\nto support them. It likes a strong, rich, loamy compost.\\nP. barbata (bearded) hardy twining annual 10 feet flow-\\ners blue, in July; Virginia; 1729. P. diversifolia (various-\\nleaved) greenhouse twining annual 6 feet flowers blue, in\\nJune; Mexico; 1836. P. /z ?^^r^^^^ (ivy-leaved) half-hardy\\ntwining annual 10 feet flowers deep-blue, in July America\\n1729. P. hispida (rough) half-hardy twining annual 10 feet\\nflowers various, in June South America 1629. P. Learii\\n(Lear s) stove or greenhouse shrub 20 feet flowers blue and\\npurple, in July Buenos Ayres 1835. P- (blue) half-hardy\\ntwining annual 10 feet flowers blue, in July South America;\\n1597. P^/ri-z^/z (Morning-glory)^ hardy twining annual; 10\\nfeet flowers pale-blue, in July; Virginia 1597.\\nPhaseolus. Kidney bean.. [Leguminosae.] Twining\\nplants, some annual and hardy, others requiring stove-heat.\\nP. multifloriis, the well-known scarlet-runner bean, deserves\\nnotice as a flower-garden plant, from its shov^7 appearance\\nwhen in blossom. It is a plant well-adapted for covering\\nsummer-houses and temporary trellises and is more or less\\nornamental from June to October. The seeds should be\\nsown where the plants are required, in the month of May.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0338.jp2"}, "301": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 29 1\\nP. 7Ttultifiorus (many-flowered) hardy climbing perennial 10\\nfeet flowers scarlet or white, or white and scarlet, in July\\nSouth America 1633,\\nPheasant s-eye. See Adonis.\\nPhiladelphus. Mock Orange, or Syringa. [Philadel-\\nphacese.] Ornamental deciduous flowering shrubs. Confu-\\nsion sometimes arises from the fact that the common name\\nof this shrub, syringa, is the same word as the botanical\\nname of the lilac-bush and as both are shrubs, often intro-\\nduced into gardens and shrubberies from their free-flower-\\ning qualities, the confusion is attended with inconvenience.\\nThe plants are widely different. The lilac (Syringa vul-\\ngaris), as is well known, bears numerous small flowers in\\nclusters, shaped something like an erect bunch of grapes.\\nThe Syringa, or Mock Orange (Philadelphus), on the other\\nhand, bears its flowers, which are large, and composed of\\ndistinct petals, either singly, or very few together and they\\nare called Mock Orange from the considerable resemblance\\nbetween their blossoms and those of the orange-tree. Most\\nof the species have a strong, but not very agreeable scent.\\nTheir leaves, moreover, have a taste similar to that of cu-\\ncumbers. They are hardy shrubs, requiring no particular\\nculture, but growing in ordinary garden soil, where it is not\\ntoo damp and are increased, either by means of layers, by\\ncuttings, or by suckers. The flowers of all are white, with\\na bunch of yellow stamens in the centre. Nearly all are\\nworth planting but the following are the most distinct and\\nhandsome\\nP. coronariiis (garland) hardy shrub 6 feet flowers white,\\nin May; south of Europe 1596. P. floribundus iyixsccvj-^om-\\nered) hardy shrub 8 feet flowers white, in June North\\nAmerica; 181 5. P. Gordonianus (Gordon s); hardy shrub 6\\nfeet; flowers white, in July North America 1830. P.inodo-\\nrz^.f (scentless) hardy shrub; 6 feet; flowers white, in July;", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0339.jp2"}, "302": {"fulltext": "292 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nNorth America; 1738. P. latifolius (broad-leaved); hardy\\nshrub; 8 feet; flowers white, in June North America; 181 5.\\nP. speciostis (showy) hardy shrub 6 feet flowers white, in\\nJune; North America; 18 15.\\nPhilesia. [Smilacese.] Beautiful hardy or half-hardy\\nevergreen shrubs. Peat soil. Increased by cuttings. This\\nplant will probably prove hardy.\\nP. biixifolia (box-leaved) half-hardy evergreen shrub 2\\nfeet flowers large rose-crimson, in June Antarctic America\\n1850.\\nPhillyrea, [Oleaceae.] Desirable evergreen shrubs,\\nvaluable for their foliage and habit the fliowers being white\\nand insignificant. Good garden soil. Propagated by lay-\\ners or cuttings, under a hand-light. Not hardy at the North.\\nOrnamental Evergreens. P. a?igustifoHa, P. IcEvis, P.\\nlatifolia, P. llgnstrifolia, P. media, P. olecefolia.\\nPhlomis. [Lamiaceae.] Hardy shrubs and herbaceous\\nplants. Dry loamy soil. Increased by division, seeds, or,\\nfor the shrubby sorts, cuttings. Generally not hardy at the\\nNorth.\\nP. Ar77ieniaca (Armenian) half-hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers yellow, in June; Armenia; 1834. P. Casluneriana\\n(Cashmere) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers lilac, in July\\nCashmere 1840. P. fruticosa (Jerusalem sage) hardy shrub\\n3 feet; flowers yellow, in July; Spain; 1596. P. herba-veiiti\\n(wind-herb) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers red, in August\\nsouth of Europe 1596. 5rt;/z/^ (Samos) hardy perennial\\n3 feet; flowers purple, in June; Samos 17 14. P. tuberosa\\n(tuberous) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers purple, in August\\nSiberia; 1759.\\nPhlox. [Polemoniaceae.] Beautiful hardy perennials,\\nfor the most part. The seedling varieties are numerous\\nsome tall, others remarkably dwarf, and varying in color\\nfrom clear white to pink, lilac, and purple, as well as striped.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0340.jp2"}, "303": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 293\\nThey require arranging according to their heights, as well as\\naccording to their flowering season, when grown in collec-\\ntions for some are early, others very late. Every year pro-\\nduces novelties but many of the varieties are similar, con-\\nsequently a few sho\\\\vy and strikingly different sorts should\\nbe selected, and these are very desirable in a flower-garden.\\nIn choosing Phloxes, those which are dwarf, and most abun-\\ndant blooming, with individual flowers large and quite circu-\\nlar, should be selected. They grow well in any good light\\ngarden soil, if the situation is not too dry in summer, but\\nthrive better in beds of peat soil. In sandy loam, enriched\\nwith equal parts leaf-mould, they also grow very luxuriantly.\\nIf in beds by themselves, and the plants are small, they re-\\nquire to be planted about a foot apart. They are propa-\\ngated by parting the root, and may be raised from seed\\nthe former perpetuates any approved variety, the latter gives\\nus a chance of obtaining new ones. The established sorts\\nare propagated by dividing the roots, or by cuttings of the\\nflower-stems and the plants should be allowed to remain two\\nor three seasons, for they are the better for spreading out a\\nlittle. New varieties are obtained from seed, which should\\nbe sown in May, and the young plants set out in rows in a\\nnicely prepared bed. The next season, when they bloom,\\nthe best should be selected. The dwarf trailing species are\\nfine for rock-work. Driimmondii, an annual species, is a\\nvery beautiful plant, forming one of the most showy of flow-\\nering plants during summer. The colors vary a good deal,\\nand there is no dependence on any seed bringing plants\\nquite similar in color to the parent but the general form of\\nthe plant, and its pretty and abundant blooming habit, are\\nmaintained. The seed should be sown in gentle heat in\\nMarch or April and, as soon as the plants are large enough\\nto handle, they are to be pricked out an inch apart, in wide-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0341.jp2"}, "304": {"fulltext": "294 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nmouthed pots, where, for economy of space, they may re-\\nmain for three or four weeks, and may be kept in the green-\\nhouse or in a frame. When they have grown so as almost\\nto touch one another, they may be potted separately in\\npots three inches across, and placed under a garden light,\\nwhere, if need be, they can be covered against frost. Here\\nthey may remain, with all the air that can be given in mild\\ndays, until their roots fill the pots, when they must be re-\\nmoved to five-inch pots, changing them without breaking the\\nballs of earth. They may be replaced in the frame, unless\\nthe chances of frost have gone by, in which case the plants\\nmay be set out in the garden. They do well in the flower-\\ngarden if planted out in beds of rich light earth towards the\\nend of May.\\nP. acuminata (pointed-leaved) half-hardy perennial 4 feet\\nflowers pale-purple, in July; North America; 1812. P.aris-\\ntata (awned) half-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers white, in\\nApril Carolina 1828. P. stolonifera (creeping) hardy peren-\\nnial 6 inches flowers red and white, in May North America;\\n1825. P. divaricata (early) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\npale-purple, in May; North America; 1746. P. subulata (awl-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers rose-color, in May\\nNorth America; 1786. P. Drinjiinondii (Drummond s) half-\\nhardy annual i foot flowers purple-rose, striped, or white, in\\nJuly; Texas; 1835. P- J}i(icidata (spotted-stemmed); hardy\\nperennial 4 feet flowers purple, in July North America\\n1740. P. nivalis (snowy) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nwhite, in April; North America; 1820. P. omnijlora (all-flow-\\nering) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in July gar-\\ndens. P. paniculata (panicled) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers various, in July; North America; 1732. P. setacea\\n(bristly) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers flesh-color, in\\nApril; North America; 1786. P. stiaveolens {2,^^^\\\\-sztTi\\\\.t.^\\\\\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers white, in July North Amer-\\nica 1766.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0342.jp2"}, "305": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 295\\nMost of the species are handsome plants. The following\\nare the best varieties Light. D argejit, Do?taria, Kete-\\nkrii, Louis Mezard, Madame Aiirelie Duriez, Madame de\\nBrobequeSj Mada7?te Guldenschuh, Madame Marseau, Madame\\nSuceur, Mrs. Standish, Roi Leopold, Speculum, Triomph de\\nTwickeL Dark. President Morel, Neptune, Madame Houl-\\nlet, Madaine Llenricq, Madame Amazile Pothier, Henry Lierval,\\nEvening Star, Dugueslin, Cromwell, Milk Prial.\\nPhygelius. [Scrophularineae.] A very pretty bedding\\nplant, flowering freely towards autumn in the border. Prop-\\nagated by cuttings.\\nP. Capensis (Cape) greenhouse perennial i foot flowers\\nred and orange, in September Caffreland 1854.\\nPhyllodoce. [Ericaceae.] Pretty little shrubs, allied to\\nDaboecia, and Menziesia, and requiring the same treatment.\\nPeat soil. Propagated by layers.\\nP. enipetj iforniis (empetrum-like) hardy evergreen shrub\\n6 inches flowers pale red, in July North America; 1810. P.\\ntaxi/alia (yew-leaved) hardy evergreen shrub) 6 inches flow-\\ners red, in July North America, Europe, and Scotland.\\nPhysalis. Winter Cherry. [Solanaceae.] A genus con-\\ntaining a half-hardy perennial, ornamental in autumn on\\naccount of its orange-colored berries. Common soil. Pro-\\npagated by division.\\nP. Alke^engi{A\\\\kekeng\\\\) half-hardy perennial i foot; flow-\\ners white, in July south of Europe 1548.\\nPhysianthus. [Asclepidaceae.] A greenhouse climber\\nwhich, however, does finely planted, out in summer in a\\nrich warm border. Flowers, freely produced, white, with\\ngreen and pink lining. The flowers have the curious pro-\\nperty of catching the honey tubes of moths and butterflies,\\nso that the insects cannot escape. Propagated by seeds and\\ncuttings.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0343.jp2"}, "306": {"fulltext": "296 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nP. albicans (whitish) climber 20 feet flowers white, all\\nsummer; Buenos Ayres 1830.\\nPhysostegia. [Lamiaceae.] Fine hardy perennials. They\\nrequire the same treatment as Dracocephalum, and may be\\npropagated in the same way, both being also increased, when\\nrequisite, by seeds sown in May or June, to produce bloom-\\ning plants for the following year.\\nP. iinbricata (imbricated) half-hardy perennial 3 feet flow-\\ners pale rose-purple, in July; Texas 1833. P. speciosa (showy)\\nhardy perennial 4 feet flowers rose-pink, in July Siberia\\n1822. P. Virgiiiiana (Virginian) hardy perennial 3 feet flow-\\ners red or white, in July North America 1683.\\nPhyteuma. [Campanulaceae.] Handsome hardy peren-\\nnials, of easy culture in a dryish situation, and in good gar-\\nden soil. There are about a score of species. They are,\\nmany of them, suitable for rock-work, and may be multiplied\\neither by seeds or by division.\\nP: canescens (hoary) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers pale-\\npurple, in July; Hungary; 1804. P. comositm (tufted); hardy\\nbiennial 9 indies flowers blue, in June Austria 1752. P.\\norbiculare (round) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue, in\\nJune England. P. Sibirictun (Siberian) hardy perennial i\\nfoot flowers blue, in July Siberia 1817. P- s^picaf urn (spiked);\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue, in May Europe 1 597.\\nPiCEA. See Abies.\\nPiCOTEE. See DiANTHUS.\\nPhytolacca. Poke. [Phytolaccaceae.] A hardy tall-\\ngrowing plant, ornamental in the shrubbery for its flowers\\nand racemes of black berries. Rich deep soil. Increased\\nby seed.\\nP. decafidra (ten-stamened) hardy herbaceous perennial 5\\nfeet; flowers white and green, in August; North America;\\n1768.\\nThere are many tender species.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0344.jp2"}, "307": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 29/\\nPiLEWORT. See FiCARIA.\\nPimpernel. See Anagallis.\\nPiNGUicuLA. [Lentibulaceae.] Curious dwarf hardy per-\\nennials. Marsh, or boggy soil. Propagated by seeds or\\ndivision.\\nPink. See Dianthus.\\nPiNUS. [Coniferae.] Fine evergreen trees, generally\\nhardy, and including some of our most valuable evergreens.\\nThey flourish in good light soil, and are easily propagated\\nby seeds, or the rarer kinds by grafting.\\nP. Aradica{AYa.h mn); Palestine. P. A tistralis (southern) 70\\nfeet Florida 1730. P. Austriaca (Austrian black) flowers\\nin June Austria 1835. P- Bajiksiana (Banks s, scrub); 20 feet;\\nflowers in May North America; 1785. P Beiitha7Jiia7ia (^en-\\ntham s) 200 feet California 1847. P- BriUia (Calabrian)\\nCalabria. P. Bungeana (Bunge s) north of China. P. cejubra\\n(cembra; Siberian); 25 feet; flowers in May; Siberia; 1746.\\nP. cejnbra pumila (dwarf) Siberia. P. Chibjialmana (Chil-\\nmalm s) 46 feet north of Mexico. P. comimmis (common).\\nP, comimmis rubra (red) Scotland. P. co7jiimmis latifolia\\n(broad-leaved). P. edulis (eatable-seeded) North Mexico. P.\\nEkreubergii (Ehrenherg^s) 100 feet; Mexico. P. excelsa{taM);\\n100 feet; Nepaul; 1823. P. Pm/aysom ana (Fml2Lyson^s); Cochin\\nChina. P.Jiexilis (pliant) New Mexico. P. Freinontiaita (Fre-\\nmont s) 20 feet California 1848. P. Halepensis (Aleppo) 40\\nfeet flowers in June Levant 1683. P. Halepensis inaritiina\\n(maritime) 40 feet flowers in May south of Greece. P. ijiops\\n(Jersey poor) 30 feet flowers in May North America 1739.\\nP. //zj-z^/z/j- (remarkable) 60 feet California 1833. P. ijisularis\\n(island); Philippines. P. Koraieiisis {Core2in) 10 feet Corea.\\nP. Lainbertiaiia {1.2imbeYi s); 200 feet North America 1827.\\nP. Lai7ibertiana brevifolia (short-leaved). P. laricio (Corsican\\nlarch); 80 feet flowers in May Corsica 18 14. P. Llaveana (La\\nLlave s); 25 feet; Mexico; 1830. P. macrocarpal^2,xge-(ione^\\\\\\n120 feet California. P. Merkusii (Merkus s) 100 feet Suma-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0345.jp2"}, "308": {"fulltext": "298 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ntra. P. initis (soft-leaved) 50 feet flowers in May North\\nAmerica 1739. P- fftonticola (mountain-top) California 1831.\\nP. Miigho (Mugho) flowers in May Austria. P. Miigho hu-\\ninilis (lowly). P. Mugho obliqua (twisted). P. mtwicata (prick-\\nly-coned) 40 feet; California; 1848. P. osteosperma (scaly-\\nseeded) New Mexico. P. Pallasiana (Pallas s) 70 feet flow-\\ners in May; Siberia; 1820. P. paruiflora (small-flowered);\\nJapan; 1846. Z*. tv-j-Zt^ (Persian) south of Persia. P. Pence\\n(Peucean) Mountains of Rumelia. P. pinaster (cluster; pinas-\\nter) 60 feet flowers in June south of Europe 1596. P.\\npinaster Escarena (Escaren s). P. pinaster Lemoniana (Sir C.\\nLemon s) 30 feet flowers in May. P. pinaster minor (less-\\nconed) 60 feet flowers in May France. P. pinaster va-\\nriegata (variegated-leaved) flowers in May. P. pinca (stone-\\npine) 60 feet flowers in June; south of Europe; 1548. P.\\npinea Cretiea (Cret^in) flowers in May; Crete. P.pineafra-\\ngilis (thin-shelled) 60 feet flowers in May south of Europe.\\n/(9\u00c2\u00ab^ 6?j a (weighty -wooded) 50 feet; North America 1828.\\nP. piimilio (dwarf) 20 feet flowers in May Europe. P.\\npungens (stinging) 40 feet flowers in May North America\\n1804. P. Pyrenaica (Pyrenean) 50 feet; flowers in May Py-\\nrenees 1834. r^^/tz/^ (radiated-scaled) 100 feet Califor-\\nnia. P. 7 esinosa (resinous) 80 feet flowers in May North\\nAmerica; 175^. P. rigida (stiff); 80 feet; flowers in May;\\nNorth America; 1759. P. rndis (rudQ) Mexico. P. Sadinia-\\nna (Sabine s); 120 feet; flowers in March; California; 1832.\\nP. serotina (late) 40 feet flowers in May North America\\n1 7 13. P. strobifor7nis (cone-shaped); 120 feet; Mexico. P.\\nstrobus (white pine Weymonth) 200 feet flowers in April\\nNorth America 1705. P. strobns alba (white) 100 feet\\nflowers in May. P. strobus brevifolia (short-leaved) 100 feet;\\nflowers in April. P. sylvestris (wood Scotch) 80 feet flowers\\nin May Scotland. P. tceda (frankincense) 80 feet flowers in\\nMay; Florida; 1713. P. temcifolia (slender-leaved); 80 feet;\\nGuatimala. P. tuberculata (warted) 100 feet California. P.\\nvariabilis (variable-tvvo-and-three-leaved) 40 feet flowers in\\nMay; North America 1739.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0346.jp2"}, "309": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 299\\nMany of the above are not hardy, and there are some\\nthirty other still more tender species.\\nPlatanthera. [Orchidaceas.] A family of orchids,\\nmostly hardy, formerly known as Orchis. Soil, peat, gener-\\nally moist. All these plants are of difficult culture. The\\nspecies are P. obtusata^ rotimdifolia, orbiculafa, Hookerii, brac-\\nteata^ hyperborea, dilatata^flava^ cristata^ ciliaris, bkpharigiottis,\\nkucophcea, lacera, psycodes, Jiifibriaia, and pera??ioe?ia all na-\\ntives of North America. The flowers are very handsome.\\nPlatanus. Flaiie-tree. [Platanaceae.] Hardy deciduous\\nornamental trees. Soil, deep loam. Propagated by seeds,\\ncuttings, and layers.\\nP. Occidentalis (Western) 70 feet North America 1636. P.\\naurea variegata (golden- variegated-leaved) 70 feet 1 846. P.\\ni nfegri/olia {entire-\\\\e3.ved) 70 feet; 1845. P. /leferop/^yl/a{v3.-\\nnous-\\\\eayed) America 1842. P. Orietitalis (Eastern) 50\\nfeet; Levant; 1548. \u00c2\u00ab(:^rz7 ^/m (maple-leaved) 70 feet Le-\\nvant. P. cuneata (wedge-leaved); 20 feet; Levant; 1739.\\nHispanica (Spanish) 70 feet Spain. P. laciniata (cut-leaved);\\n70 feet 1845. P. 77tonstrosa (monstrous) 70 feet 1845.\\nThe European species are somewhat tender.\\nPlatycodon. [Campanulaceae.] Hardy herbaceous per-\\nennials. Propagated by seeds and division in the spring,\\nand by cuttings in the summer. Soil, sandy loam.\\nP. grandifiortim (large-flowered) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers blue, in June Dahuria 1 782. Variety alba, from China,\\nhas white flowers variety alba plena has semi-double flowers.\\nThese plants are half-hardy in the Northern States.\\nPlatystemon. [Papaveraceae.] Pretty annuals, of pros-\\ntrate habit. They like a cool situation, and a peaty soil,\\nbut will grow in any rich light earth. Sow about the middle\\nof May.\\nP. Calif ornicui7i (Californian) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nsulphur-yellow, in June; Cahfornia; 1823.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0347.jp2"}, "310": {"fulltext": "300 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nPlectranthus. See Coleus.\\nPlatystigma. [Papaveraceae.] Half-hardy perennials,\\nallied to Platystemon. Light soil. Increased by seeds or\\ndivision.\\nP. lineare (linear) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers yel-\\nlow, in July California 1833.\\nPlectrites. [Valerinaceae.] Hardy annuals, propagated\\nfrom spring-sown seed in common soil flowers white or\\nrose. The species are P. brachystemon and coiigesta.\\nPleurogyne. [Gentianaceas.] A hardy annual, thriving\\nin loamy peat, and easily grown from seed sown in May.\\nP. rotata (wheel-shaped) hardy annual 9 inches flowers\\nblue, in August; Siberia 1827.\\nPlum. See Prunus.\\nPlumbago. Lead-wort. [Plumbaginaceae.] Pretty plants,\\nwith flowers somewhat like those of the Phlox. The major-\\nity are shrubs some few are herbaceous, among which is\\nP. LarpentcB, which is of dwarf, compact habit, and suitable\\nfor rock-work. P. Capensis is a desirable greenhouse shrub,\\nwhich is most frequently grown too fast, and is, therefore,\\ngenerally seen as a rambling plant. Soil, two-thirds loam,\\nand one-third peat. The object should be to keep the plant\\ndwarf and bushy it is sure to grow tall enough after all\\nthe pains taken on it. Cuttings may be struck in sandy soil\\nwith or without bottom-heat, covering them with a bell-glass\\nafter inserting them. When rooted, pot them singly in three-\\ninch pots, and, as soon as they fairly start into growth, take\\noff the tops to encourage the lateral shoots when they fill\\nthe small pots with the roots, remove them to larger ones.\\nBy continually checking any of the branches that ramble\\nout of shape, the plant can be grown a very pretty object.\\nIt makes a fine bedding plant.\\nP. Capensis (Cape) greenhouse shrub 4 feet flowers pale", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0348.jp2"}, "311": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 3OI\\nblue, in June; Cape; 181 8. P. Larpentce (Lady Larpent s)\\nhalf-hardy perennial i foot flowers deep-blue, in October\\nChina; 1845.\\nPoDOCARPUs. [Taxacese.] Half-hardy evergreen shrubs,\\nor rather trees. Soil, loam. Propagated by cuttings of ripe\\nshoots in sand, under glass.\\nPoDOLEPis. [Compositae.] Pretty half-hardy annuals.\\nThe seeds may be sown in pots, or on a mild hot-bed in\\nApril, and planted out in sheltered situations in May for\\nearly blooming. A later crop may be had by sowing in the\\nopen ground in May. The plants must be well thinned.\\nThey grow a foot or upwards in height in rich light garden\\nsoil.\\nP. cJijysantha (golden) half-hardy annual i foot flowers\\nyellow, in July New Holland 1852. P. gracilis (slender); half-\\nhardy annual 18 inches flowers rose or white, in July New\\nHolland 1826.\\nPodophyllum. Mandrake. [Ranunculacese.] Hardy\\nherbaceous perennial, with showy flowers, and yellow,\\nscarcely edible fruit thriving in deep moist loam, in the\\nshade. Propagated by division. The plants are impatient\\nof removal.\\nP. peltatiim (shield) hardy perennial i foot flowers white,\\nin May North America 1664. P. Emodii is a scarcely known\\nCalifornia species.\\nPoDOTHECA. [Compositae.] Annuals of little horticul-\\ntural importance, growing in the open border from seed\\nsown in May.\\nPoGOGYNE. [Lamiaces.] A hardy annual of easy cul-\\nture. Common border soil. Propagated by seeds sown in\\nMay.\\nP. 7nultiflora (many-flowered) hardy annual 6 inches flow-\\ners lilac, in August California 1836.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0349.jp2"}, "312": {"fulltext": "302 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nPoLANisiA. [Capparidaceae.] Hardy annuals, allied to\\nCleome. Seeds sown in a frame in April, and pricked out in\\nthe borders in May, will bloom in June.\\nP. Cheladonii (Cheladon s) hardy annual i8 inches flowers\\nrose, in July East Indies 1792. P. dodecandra (twelve-an-\\nthered) hardy annual; 18 inches; flowers white, in July;\\nEast Indies 1795. P. ^r^zz ^^/^/zj- (strong-smelling) hardy an-\\nnual 18 inches; flowers yellowish-white North America. P.\\ntmiglandiilosa (one-glanded) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nwhite and red, in July Mexico 1823. P. viscosa (clammy)\\nhardy annual 2 feet flowers yellow, in summer East Indies\\n1730. Variety 2V ?i 2\u00c2\u00ab^r 2 (twenty-anthered) 18 inches flowers\\nyellow, in July Ceylon 1730.\\nPoLEMONiUM. Greek Valerian. [Polemoniace\u00c2\u00a3e.] Orna-\\nmental hardy perennials, of easy culture, growing readily in\\nordinary good garden soil, and increased by division of the\\nplant, and, generally, very freely by seeds, which should be\\nsown in June to produce flowering plants for the next year.\\nP. ccertdeicm (blue) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue or\\nwhite, in June Britain. There is a variety with variegated\\nfoliage. P gracile {^l^vidi^x) hardy perennial; i foot flowers\\nblue, in June Dahuria 1818. P. htonile (dwarf) hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers blue, in July North America 1826. P.\\nMex ica mi m {Mexica.n) half-hardy perennial 18 inches; flowers\\nblue, in May Mexico 181 7. P p2dcherrimu7n (prettiest) har-\\ndy perennial 9 inches flowers blue, in July North America\\n1827. P. Sibiricum (Siberian) hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners white, in June Siberia 1800.\\nPoLiANTHES. Tuberose. [Liliacea;.] Greenhouse bulbs,\\nannually imported from Italy. Soil, a rich sandy loam. In-\\ncreased by offsets. When in growth, they are benefited by\\nwarmth at the root. For special culture, see Flowers for\\nthe Parlor and Garden.\\nP. tuber osa (tuberous); greenhouse bulb 3 feet flowers white,\\nsingle or double, in August East Indies 1629.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0350.jp2"}, "313": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 3O3\\nPolyanthus. See Primula.\\nPoLYGALA. [Polygalaceae.] A large family, of which the\\ngreenhouse species are chiefly important. P. fastigiata, pur-\\npurea^ and umbellata are pretty, hardy annuals and P. al-\\npestris, rube/la, and paiicifolia are very showy perennials.\\nAll are of easy culture in garden soil.\\nPoLYGONATUM. Solomon^ s Seal. [Liliaceae.] Hardy her-\\nbaceous perennials. Common soil. Increased by division.\\nP. latifolhwi (broad-leaved) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers\\nwhite, in May; Germany; 1802. P. imdtifioruin (many-flow-\\nered) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers white, in June Britain.\\nP. vulgare (common) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers white,\\nin May England. There is a YTxritiy Jlore-pleuo.\\nPolygonum. Persicaria. [Polygonacese.] A large genus,,\\nnot remarkable for floral attractions. There are, however,\\nexceptions. P. Orientale, a common hardy annual, which is\\nbest self-sown, grows four or five feet high, much branched,\\nwith many gracefully nodding spikes of small red flowers,\\nwhich become conspicuous from their aggregation. It re-\\nquires no culture but, if sown artificially, it may be done\\nin May. P. amphibhwi is a beautiful hardy water-plant, with\\nshort floating stems, and rosy flower-spikes. P. divaricatum\\nis a pretty hardy perennial, densely branched, forming a\\nlarge mass, covered with feathery-looking bunches of creamy-\\nwhite flowers. It is of the easiest culture in common soil,\\nand increases by division. P. vaccinifoliiwi and BrunoJiis\\nare beautiful rock-plants they increase by their self-rooting\\ntrailing branches, but are tender in the Northern States.\\nP. amphibiiwi (amphibious) hardy aquatic perennial, float-\\ning flowers rose, in July England. P. amplexicaule (stem-\\nclasping) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers pink, in July In-\\ndia 1837. P. Brunonis (Brown s) hardy evergreen perennial\\nI foot flowers pink, in August North India 1845. P divar-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0351.jp2"}, "314": {"fulltext": "304 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nicatu7n (divaricate) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, in\\nJuly; Siberia; 1759. P- Orzen^a/^ (Ea.stern) hardy annual;\\n5 feet flowers red, in July East Indies 1707. P. vaccinifo-\\nliupi (whortleberry-leaved) hardy evergreen trailing sub-shrub\\nflowers rose, in September North India; 1845.\\nPomegranate. See Punica.\\nPoNTEDERiA. Pickerel Weed. [Pontederaceae.] Showy\\naquatics, suitable for the borders of ponds. Flowers blue, in\\nAugust. P. angustifolia, ccerulea, cordata, and lanceolata, all\\nnatives of North America, are hardy perennials. Propa-\\ngated by division.\\nPoplar. See Populus.\\nPoppy. See Papaver.\\nPopulus. Poplar. [Salicaceae.] Hardy deciduous trees,\\nsome of which are valuable for shade and ornament. Pro-\\npagated by seeds, layers, and cuttingr. They succeed best\\nin deep, moist, loamy soil.\\nP. alba (white Abele-tree) 40 feet flowers in March Bri-\\ntain. P. angidata (angular Carohna) 80 feet flowers in\\nMarch; Carohna; 1738. P. balsa7nifera (balsamic); 70 feet;\\nflowers in April North America; 1792. P. balsamifera foliis\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0z/ 2r/^^\u00c2\u00ab//j (variegated-leaved) flowers in April. P. balsa7iiifera\\niiitermedia (intermediate) flowers in April. P. balsamifera\\nlatifolia (broad-leaved) 40 feet flowers in April. P. balsaiti-\\nifera suaveolens (sweet-scented) 70 feet flowers in April\\nRussia; 1825. P. balsaiJiifera vijniiialis (twiggy); 40 feet;\\nflowers in April; Altai; 1826. P. betulifolia (birch-leaved;\\nBlack American) 40 feet flowers in March North America.\\nP. Canadensis (Canadian) flowers in March Canada. P. ca7i-\\ndicans (whitish-heart-leaved) 50 feet flowers in March North\\nAmerica; 1772. P. caitescens (hoary); 40 feet; flowers in\\nMarch England. P. canescens acerifolia (maple-leaved). P.\\ncanescens y^gypliaca (Egyptmn); Egypt. P. canescens Arefnber-\\ngica (Aremberg) 1835. P. canescens Belgica (Belgian) south\\nof Europe 1835. P- canescens hybrida (hybrid) 40 feet flow-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0352.jp2"}, "315": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 30$\\ners in April Caucasus 1816. P. caiiescens nivea (snow-white).\\nP. canesceits petidula (drooping-branched). P.fastigiata (pyra-\\nmidal Lombardy) 70 feet; flowers in March; Italy; 1758.\\nP. fastigiata fcemina {^^m.2X\u00e2\u0082\u00ac); flowers in March; Italy; 1838.\\nP. GrcBca (Greek Athenian) 40 feet flowers in March Ar-\\nchipelago 1779. P. grandidentata (large-toothed); 70 feet\\nflowers in March; North America; 1772. P. grandidejitata\\npetidula (drooping); 40 feet flowers in March North America\\n1820. P. heterophylla (various-leaved) 70 feet flowers in\\nMarch; North America; 1765. P. latirifoHa (laurel-leaved);\\nflowers in April. P. longifolia (long-leaved) flowers in April\\nAmerica 1843. P. uionilifera (necklace-bearing) 70 feet flow-\\ners in May Canada 1772. P. utonilifera Liiidleyana (Lind-\\nley s waved-leaved); flowers in April Canada; 1772. P. 7710-\\n7tilifera variegata (variegated-leaved); flowers in May. P. 7iigra\\n(black) 30 feet flowers in March Britain. P. nigra salicifo-\\n(willow-leaved); flowers in April Floetbeck 1834. P.7iigra\\nviridis (green-leaved) flowers in April Britain. P. pseudo\\nbalsa7nifera (bastard-balsamic) flowers in April America\\n1843. P- tre77tula (trembling aspen) 50 feet flowers in\\nMarch Britain. P. tre77nila Icevigata (smooth) 80 feet flow-\\ners in March; North America; 1760. P. tre77mla peTidula\\n(drooping) flowers in April. P. tre77iida suptTta (lying-down)\\nflowers in March North America 1824. P. trepida (trembling\\nAmerican); 30 feet; North America; 18 12. P. tristis (sad);\\nflowers in April North America 1843.\\nPoRTULACA. PurslaTie. [Portulacaceae.] A genus of fine\\nhardy annuals. They require a light rich soil, and a warm,\\nsunny situation when both soil and situation agree with\\nthem, they form very fine objects. Grown carefully in pots\\nfor the greenhouse, they are also very ornamental. The\\nseeds should be sown in a hot-bed early in March, and the\\nplants nursed on in frames, not too warm, being at first pot-\\nted singly, and then shifted on as they may require until the\\nbeginning of June, when they may be either planted out, or\\n20", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0353.jp2"}, "316": {"fulltext": "306 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nshifted finally for blooming in pots. The new double varie-\\nties are very fine. Where these plants have once been\\ngrown, they sow themselves yearly.\\nP. Gilliesii (Gillies s) half-hardy perennial 9 inches flow-\\ners red and purple, in June Mendoza 1827. P.grandifiora\\n(grea -flowered) half-hardy annual or perennial 9 inches\\nflowers yellow, or yellow and purple Mendoza 1827. P. spleii-\\ndcjts (splendid) half-hardy annual or perennial i foot flowers\\nrose-purple, in May; Chili; 1839. P. Thellusonii (Thellu-\\nson s) half-hardy annual i foot flowers crimson or yellow, or\\nreddish-purple, in June Mendoza 1839.\\nPoTENTiLLA. CinquefoU. [Rosaceae.] Hardy peren-\\nnials, now becoming popular, and comprising some fine\\ngarden varieties, as well as very handsome species. They\\ngrow best in loamy soil, rich in vegetable matter, but not too\\nfull of dung. The roots should be taken up early in au-\\ntumn, and parted each crown or heart, with root attached,\\nforming a plant these may be either planted in a bed, to\\nbecome established, or put out at once in the borders or the\\nflowering-beds. A bed filled with the varieties of Potentilla\\nhas a veiy fine effect during the chief of the summer\\nmonths. Seedlings should be raised from the best varie-\\nties, to obtain distinct kinds.\\nP, atrosanguinea (dark-blood) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers crimson, in June; Nepaul; 1822. P.bicolor (two-col-\\nored) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, margined red,\\nin May Nepaul 1 843. P. formosa (beautiful) hardy peren-\\nnial 2 feet flowers rose, in June Nepaul 1822. P. insignis\\n(showy) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in. May Ne-\\npaul 1840. P. 77z^/;/^i-// (Thomas s) hardy perennial; 2\\nfeet flowers yellow, in June Italy 1822.\\nFlorists Varieties. The following are good sorts Crim-\\nson Floral Beauty, fulgens, ignescens. King of Crimsons,\\nMcNabiana, Menziesii, Russelliana, Scarlet Gem. Rose^ with", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0354.jp2"}, "317": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 307\\ncream centre Hopwoodiana. Scarlet, with yellow centre\\nPlantii. Yellow Argo, Julia. Primrose, Mulleri. Yellow and\\nbright red Sudbury Gem, Theodore. Yellow and pink\\nGarnieriana, Mackayana, Mayana.\\nEvery year, however, produces new varieties, which super-\\nsede the old, though often no better.\\nPrickly Poppy. See Argemone.\\nPrimrose. See Primula.\\nPrimula. Primrose. [Primulaceae.] Beautiful dwarf\\ntufted growing herbaceous perennials, nearly all of which are\\nhardy as respects cold. Of P. vulgaris, the common Prim-\\nrose, there are double-flowered varieties of several colors.\\nThese grow best in a cool, moist, but well-drained situation,\\nand prefer a soil of light loam intermixed with decayed tree-\\nleaves. They are propagated by dividing the tufts into sep-\\narate crowns with roots attached, which may be done in\\nspring, and the young plants planted out in cool shady situ-\\nations. By the following spring, they will become strong\\nblooming plants. One variety of Primrose produces a\\nbunch of flowers on the top of a common stalk and this\\nappears to be the origin of the garden plants known as\\nPolyanthus. Most of the hardy species of Primula are\\nextremely beautiful subjects in a pot-collection of Alpine\\nplants, blooming in May. This class may be grown in pots\\nor on rock-work, in peat and loam, and require chiefly to be\\nkept cool and moist in summer, but in winter they must be\\nkept rather dry as well as cool. Seeds of these may be\\nsown about May, that the plants may acquire strength be-\\nfore winter.\\nAuricula (Primula Auricula). The cultivated varieties\\nof this species of Primula are commonly known as the Au-\\nricula. There is hardly a flower that presents such an ap-\\npearance of artificial structure as the Auricula the surface", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0355.jp2"}, "318": {"fulltext": "308 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nappears covered, like a butterfly s wing, with a powder, which\\nthe touch of the finger brings off, thereby spoiHng the flow-\\ner. A stage of Auriculas is a really beautiful sight. Some\\nold books on the culture of this flower recommend the most\\nnauseous composts for its growth. It is, however, absurd to\\npretend that any thing disagreeable is necessary for the pur-\\npose. Loam from rotted turfs, two-thirds, and decomposed\\ndung fairly rotted into mould, one-third, will be found excel-\\nlent compost for them to grow in and if the loam be a lit-\\ntle adhesive, which it ought not to be, some silver sand may\\nbe mixed with it. The pots in which they grow should be\\none-third filled with broken pots, to secure complete drain-\\nage and, in potting the plants, the fibres of the roots should\\nbe spread out all round. The best way is to put the soil\\ninto the pot in the form of a cone, highest in the middle,\\nand nearly as high as the edge of the pot put the plant on\\nthis, with the fibres spread all round, and press it down on\\nthe soft light mould, so that the collar of the plant shall be\\njust below the level of the edge of the pot press the soil\\na little to the roots as the pot is filled, and water it. The\\nAuricula may be grown to perfection in a common garden\\nframe, with a glass to keep off heavy rains and hard frosts.\\nIt requires but little water all the winter. In February, the\\nsurface of the mould should be stirred a little, and thrown\\nout, and the pots filled up again with a top-dressing of de-\\ncomposed poultry-dung, sand, and cow-dung rotted into\\nmould, equal parts and from this time they may be regular-\\nly watered, have air on fine days, and be covered at nights\\nand in frosty weather. In April, when in bloom, they must\\nbe shaded, or the sun would spoil the flowers.\\nPolyanthus (Primula vulgaris timbellata). The Poly-\\nanthus is a well-known hardy perennial, blooming early in\\nspring. Its flowers, variegated and richly colored, are ele-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0356.jp2"}, "319": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 3O9\\nvated several together on the top of a common stalk. Of\\nthe same habit are the species, P. elatior^ the oxiip, and P.\\nveris, the cowslip, both of which, together with the common\\nPrimrose, are favorite subjects for planting in shrubberies,\\nand in other shady parts of the flower-garden and pleasure-\\nground. These, with the Polyanthus, prefer a heavier loamy\\nsoil than that already recommended for double Primroses.\\nThey are propagated by division of the roots and may also\\nbe raised from seeds. The seeds should be sown in March,\\nin boxes of fine soil, put in a cool frame, and kept moist.\\nThe plants, as soon as they can be handled, may be pricked\\nout an inch apart in other boxes, and when large enough,\\nplanted out in beds of the soil already mentioned. For va-\\nrieties, it is best to consult the most recent florists lists.\\nP. auricula (auricula) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nyellow, in April; Switzerland; 1596. This has sported into\\nvarious colors. P. cortusoides (cortusa-like) hardy perennial\\nI foot flowers rose, in June Siberia 1794. P. elatior (oxlip)\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers yellow, in April England.\\nP. farinosa (mealy) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers rose,\\nin June England. P. Helvetica (Swiss) hardy perennial\\n3 inches flowers purple, in May Switzerland. P. minima\\n(least) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers purple, in April\\nsouth of Europe 1819. P. nivea (snowy) hardy perennial 3\\ninches flowers white, in May; Siberia. P. Palinuri (Palinuri)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers yellow, in May Naples\\n1 8 16. P. Scotica (Scotch) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nrose, in June Scotland. P. veris (cowslip) hardy perennial 6\\ninches flowers yellow, in April England. P. villosa (shaggy)\\nhardy perennial 3 inches flowers purple, in May Switzer-\\nland 1768. P. vulgaris (Primrose); hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers yellow, in March England.\\nMost of these succeed better in the Northern States if\\nprotected in a frame in winter.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0357.jp2"}, "320": {"fulltext": "310 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nPrince s Feather. See Amaranthus and Polygonum.\\nPrinus. See Ilex.\\nPrivet. See Ligustrum.\\nProvence Rose. See Rosa.\\nPrunella, or Brunella. [Lamiaceae.] Hardy herba-\\nceous perennials. Common soil. Propagated by division.\\nP. grajidiflora^ Marryatti, ovafa, vulgaris, and varieties elo?i-\\ngata, fiore plena, hispida, pinnatifida and rubra, and P. Web-\\nbiana, are all useful border plants with purplish flowers. P.\\novaia is annual.\\nPrunus. Phwi. [Drupaceae.] Hardy deciduous tree,\\nwith showy flowers. Soil, dryish loam. Propagated by\\ngrafting or budding. The double-flowered and variegated-\\nleaved varieties are very showy, P. spinosa is the Sloe-tree.\\nP. Japonica fiore pieno is a fine hardy white flowering shrub,\\nwhich, when in flower, contrasts beautifully with the flowering\\nalmond China; 1846. P. triloba is a fine pink flowering spe-\\ncies China; 1847.\\nPsoralea. [Leguminosas.] Hardy herbaceous plants or\\ngreenhouse shrubs. For the former, good dryish sandy soil,\\nand propagate by division or seeds for the latter, peat and\\nloam, and increase by cuttings in sand under glass.\\nPtelia. Hop-tree. [Xanthoxylaceae.] Hardy tree. Prop-\\nagated by seed or layers. Common soil.\\nP. trifoliata (three-leaved) 1 2 feet flowers green, in June\\nNorth America; 1704. P. trifoliata variegata (variegated-\\nleaved) 12 feet flowers green, in June 1846.\\nPuccoon. See Sanguinaria.\\nPulmonaria. Lunguiort. [Boraginaceae.] Hardy per-\\nennials. Common soil. Propagated by division.\\nP. angustifolia (narrow-leaved) hardy perennial 9 inches\\nflowers violet, in May Britain. P. aziirea (light-blue) hardy\\nperennial 18 inches flowers blue, in May Poland 1823. P,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0358.jp2"}, "321": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 3II\\nDahurica (Dahurian) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue, in\\nMay; Dahuria 181 2. P. \u00c2\u00a3-ra7idiyiora {Isirge-Howered) hardy\\nperennial; i foot; flowers pink, in May; France; 18 19.\\nSibirica (Siberian) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue, in\\nJune; Siberia; 1801. P. Virginica (Virginian); hardy peren-\\nnial; 18 inches flowers blue, in May North America 1799.\\nPuNiCA. Pomegranate. [Myrtacese.] Beautiful decidu-\\nous trees. Light rich soil. Propagated by cuttings, layers,\\nor grafting. Should be wintered in a cellar.\\nP gra7iaUii}i {zommov^ half-hardy tree 12 feet; flowers red\\nor whitish, single or double, in July south of Europe 1548.\\nPurslane. See Portulaca.\\nPyrethrum. Feverfeiv. [Compositae.] A rather large\\ngenus, consisting mostly of hardy perennials, of the easiest\\nculture not very omamenta-1, with the exception of a double-\\nflowered variety of P. Parthenium, which is sho^^% blooming\\nin profusion throughout the summer and autumn. This va-\\nriety is multiplied by cuttings, planted during summer under\\na hand-glass the other hardy kinds by division. There are\\nalso some free-growing greenhouse shrubs, of little impor-\\ntance.\\nChrysanthemum {Pyrethrum sinense). This popular plant\\nis quite hardy but as it blooms late in autumn, just at the\\nseason severe frost often occurs, it sometimes happens,\\nthat out-door plants which are one day in full beauty, and\\nalmost the only ornaments of the garden, are the next\\nday blackened and cut up by the frost. For high culture,\\nthe plants require to be renewed every year by cuttings.\\nThey will spread in the ground and bloom for years but\\nif a dwarf plant is wanted, and the flowers are required in\\nperfection, they must be renewed by cuttings. One plan,\\nthe object of w^hich is to secure small dwarf plants in pots,\\nis, in July, when the plants have grown two feet or more in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0359.jp2"}, "322": {"fulltext": "312 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nheight, to take off the tops three inches long, cut off the\\nlower leaves, plant them in sandy soil, and cover with a\\nhand-glass they must be kept moist, and the pots set in\\na gentle hot-bed, and the glass wiped every morning. In a\\nshort time they will strike root then pot them in five-inch\\npots, and grow them in the open air in a situation where\\nthey will have all sun. The soil in which they are potted\\nshould be loam and rotted dung, with a little silver sand.\\nWhen the blooms are showing, they may be changed into\\nlarger pots, and removed into the house, where they will\\nbloom in perfection. The plants having nearly expended\\ntheir growth before the tops were taken off, the cuttings have\\nnot much more growth to develop, and therefore bloom in\\na dwarf state. There are other ways of growing this plant.\\nThe young suckers, or shoots from the root, may be taken\\noff in February, placed in a gentle hot-bed till well rooted,\\nand then potted singly in light soil, hardened off, and pro-\\ntected in a cold well-aired frame until May, when they may\\nbe set out of doors in an open place until the end of Sep-\\ntember. They must have two good shifts, and the tops may\\nbe twice or thrice pinched out, after two or three inches\\ngrowth, to produce bushy plants. In this way, large plants\\nare formed, which become very ornamental. In all cases,\\nthe plants should have weak liquid manure or clarified soot-\\nwater, at every watering from the time the flower-buds show\\ndistinctly nothing else is so effective in producing fine high-\\ncolored flowers.\\nThere are two distinct classes of Chrysanthemums now\\ncultivated one tall-growing, with large flowers the other\\ndwarf, compact, with numerous smaller flowers. Both are\\nhighly ornamental the latter class, called Pompones, being\\nperhaps the most useful where only small greenhouses are\\navailable for blooming them. These naturally grow dwarf", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0360.jp2"}, "323": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 3I3\\nand bushy, and therefore do not require so much stopping\\nas the others. They should not be topped oftener than once,,\\nbut may be made to branch by good culture, and by spread-\\ning out the stems somewhat. They are also better propa-\\ngated in spring than late in the summer. Chr}^santhemums\\ngrow well against walls, and bloom magnificently if the\\nseason proves favorable. They are also almost unaffected\\nby the smoke of cities and towns. For varieties consult\\nflorists catalogues.\\nP. Partheniiun fiore-pleno (double- comnion); hardy perennial\\n2 feet flowers white, in July England. P, sineiise (Chrysan-\\nthemum) hardy sub-shrub 3 feet flowers various, in Novem-\\nber China 1764.\\nThere are many other species. Within the last few years,\\nmany fine hybrids have been obtained from P. roseum, which\\nis itself a coarse, weedy flower. The following are fine\\nenough to find place in any garden P. roseum alburn^\\nLysias, Mrs. Dix^ Princess Alexandra^ Purple Prince^ Ver-\\nsailles^ Defiance^ Mr. Dix, Iveryana, striatum plenum, Nemesis,\\nfulgens, Herman Stinger, floribunda plena, Wilhelm Kramper,\\nAnne PPolborn.\\nPyrus. See Cydonia,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0363.jp2"}, "324": {"fulltext": "QUAMOCLIT. Cypress-vine. [Convolvulaceae.] Twin-\\ning plants, the annual species of which should be\\nraised in a hot-bed in April, and planted out in May. The\\nseeds are very hard and a very successful mode of making\\nthem germinate is to delay planting them till the warm days\\nof June choose a hot noon, plant the seed, and immediately\\nwater plentifully with boiling water. The plants will be\\nabove ground in thirty-six hours. The most common species\\nare\\nQ. cocci nea (scarlet) half-hardy twining annual 12 feet flow-\\ners scarlet, in July North America 18 18. Q. vulgaris (com-\\nmon) half-hardy twining annual 8 feet flowers crimson, in\\nJuly East Indies 1629. There is a white-flowered variety.\\nQ. digitata^ hcderifolia^ lutcola^ P/icenicea, serotina, and\\ntriloba are other annual species.\\nQuaking-Grass. See Briza.\\nQuELTiA. See Narcissus. The plants formerly called\\nby this name are now known as Narcissus.\\nQuERCUS. Oak. [Amentaceae.] Well-known valuable\\ntrees. There are some hundred species and varieties but\\nonly a few are valuable for the garden, as, generally, they\\nare too large-growing. The variegated and fastigate vari-\\neties are very desirable. As Oaks are found in all parts of\\nthe world, there are many tender species. The principal\\nNordi American species are\\nQ. Phellos (willow-leaved); 1723; and x^ineiy Junnilis 1812.\\n314", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0364.jp2"}, "325": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 315\\nQ. p inus (chestnut-leaved) 1 730. Q. bicolor (white-swamp)\\n181 1, g. ;;/^;z/iZ\u00c2\u00ab (rock-chestnut) 1800. Q. castaitea {^^^^ovi-\\nchestnut) 1816. Q. prinoides (dwarf-chestnut, chinquapin).\\nQ. nigra (black) 1739. Q- tinctoria (dyer s) 1800 Q. coccinea\\n(scarlet) 1 69 1. Q. ambigua {^r2.-f) \\\\%oo. Q. rubra {rtd); IJ2,\\nQ. macrocarpa (overcup, white) 1800. Q. alba (white); 1724.\\nQ. virens (live-oak) Q. robur (English oak).\\nMany of these are very ornamental street or lawn trees,\\ngrowing to a great size, and attaining great age. In the\\nautumn, the foliage of the scarlet oak is most conspicuous\\nin woodland scenery, and continues uninjured by the frost\\nlater than that of most forest trees. The leaves of some of\\nthe oaks change in autumn to a rich yellow or brown and\\nin a plantation of different species we often see most exqui-\\nsite contrasts of color. The foliage of many species clings\\nto the branches until torn off by the winter s wind, or forced\\nfrom the tree by the swelling buds in spring. Oaks are\\nusually propagated from acorns, which should be gathered\\nwhen ripe, kept in damp sand, or buried, during the wdnter,\\nand sown in drills in spring. The young plants should be\\nfrequently transplanted, unless sown where they are to stand\\npermanently, as the long tap-root renders the successful re-\\nmoval of a large tree very uncertain.\\nQuince. See Cydonia.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0367.jp2"}, "326": {"fulltext": "RANUNCULUS. Crow-foot [Ranunculaceae.] A large\\ngenus, comprising many annual weeds and aquatics\\nbut chiefly consisting of hardy herbaceous perennials, some\\nof which are ornamental. It includes the common Crow-\\nfoot, the Buttercups of the meadow, as well as the florists\\nRanunculus, which have sprung from R. Asiaticus. The\\ncultivation of these beautiful flowers has puzzled florists a\\ngood deal. There is, however, one kind of compost in\\nwhich they will thrive and it is worth while to be at some\\npains to get it. It is obtained thus Cut from a good loamy\\npasture the surface sod three inches thick let these be piled\\non one another in ridges for a year, and then sliced down\\nwith a sharp spade so as to form a crumbly mass. Turn this\\nover, and pick out all the wire-worms, grubs, and earwigs,\\nand any other living pest you can discover. This done, let\\nit be packed into a heap again, and remain another year, by\\nwhich time all the herbage will have resolved itself into that\\nkind of mould, which, if separate, we should call vegetable\\nmould. At the end of the second year, let it be again turned,\\nand examined in the same way to clear completely any re-\\nmaining intruders. This soil, thus cleared of vermin, will\\ngrow the Ranunculus well. Composts of a stimulating and\\nexciting character are used by some for the sake of getting\\nthe flowers a little larger but there is always the risk of do-\\ning mischief and those who have grown them on the stim-\\nulating plan have occasionally been visited by disease, and\\n316", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0368.jp2"}, "327": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 31/\\nlost many of their tubers. In this loam, then, enriched as it\\nis by vegetable mould, plant the roots in autumn, and protect\\nthe bed by a frame two inches below the surface and press\\nthe earth close about them. Wlien they come up, keep\\nthem clear of weeds and, as they break the ground, loose\\nabout them, crumble it, and keep it pressed close round\\nthem. Water them freely in hot weather, and the instant\\nthey show the color of their blooms keep the sun off they\\nwill very well repay the trouble. When the flowers are over,\\nand the leaves are turning yellow, take up the tubers, and\\nkeep them out of ground till planting time. They may be\\nraised from seeds in the same way as Anemones.\\nR. acoiiitifoliiis (aconite-leaved) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers white, in May; European Alps 1596. R. acris fiore-\\npleno (bachelor s buttons) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nyellow, in June garden variety. R. A Ipestris {A\\\\^mt); hardy per-\\nennial 6 inches; flowers white, in July Scotland. R. amplex-\\nicaulis (stem-clasping) hardy perennial i foot flowers white,\\nin May Pyrenees 1633. R. Asiaticus (common garden); hardy\\nperennial; 9 inches; flowers various, in June Levant; 1596.\\nThe colors of the double garden varieties are very various. R.\\nchcerophyllus (chervil-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nyellow, in May Portugal. R. gra^nineus (grassy) hardy per-\\nennial I foot flowers yellow, single or double, in May Europe.\\nR. viillefoliatus (thousand-leaved); hardy perennial; i foot;\\nflowers yellow, in May Sicily 1820. R. platanifolhis (plane-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, single or double,\\nin June Alps 1 596. R. 7 utcEfolins (rue-leaved) hardy peren-\\nnial 6 inches; flowers white, in June Austria; i759-\\nRagged Robin. See Lychnis floscuculi.\\nReseda. Mignonette. [Resedaceae.] The botanical name\\nof the mignonette is Reseda odorata. This universally ad-\\nmired annual is one of the most easily-grown of all plants\\nno matter when it is sown or where. Sow the seeds, and", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0371.jp2"}, "328": {"fulltext": "3l8 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nthe plant, bloom, and seed soon reward us. It may be sown\\nfour times a year with advantage in pans, or pots, and may\\nbe planted out anywhere, three or four plants in a patch. It\\nmay be sown in pots, and be thinned the plants taken out\\nbeing transplanted somewhere else. If in winter, the pots\\nmust be kept in the greenhouse, or in pits, or frames with\\nglasses if in summer, they may be in the open air. No\\nplants will bear rougher treatment none sooner show when\\nthey have been removed to better soil. Mignonette is noth-\\ning to look at except by means of a magnifying glass it\\nmakes no show but its scent, which has no superior among\\nall the fragrant flowers of the garden, will always secure for\\nit a place in the most recherche collections. Scatter the seed\\nupon the borders let the plants come up like weeds they\\nare acceptable anywhere everywhere. It is so nearly\\nhardy, that we have seen the old plants and young seedlings\\nfrom the self-sown seed, standing side by side after a mild\\nwinter. Mignonette, although an annual, can be struck from\\ncuttings, which in their turn do very well, and almost assimi-\\nlate the plant to a perennial. They bloom more dwarf un-\\nder these circumstances, but they are not the worse for that\\nand as to foliage, generally speaking, that is not much to\\nlook at after the plant begins to bloom, and does not improve\\nthe second year. Large quantities of mignonette are grown\\nfor the market for which purpose it is generally sown in\\npots, half a dozen seeds sprinkled in each pot, and all of\\nthem submitted to the common garden frames with lights\\nthe seeds are sown about September, and the plants have\\nall the air that can be given all the winter. Of course, they\\nkeep growing, except in frosty weather and in the spring\\nmonths rapidly come forward. These plants show bloom\\nvery early, before they have grown much, and are in flower\\nuntil others, sown in February and March, come in to succeed", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0372.jp2"}, "329": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 319\\nthem. The Mignonette may be had in bloom all the year\\nround by a succession of sowings. A sowing in July brings\\nplants that flower from November till March a sowing the\\nfirst week in September will carry on the blooming from\\nMarch to July and the spring-sown ones will do the rest.\\nNo frost must reach the pots in the winter-time, and the\\nearth must be occasionally stirred upon the surface to let in\\nthe air.\\nR. odorata (scented mignonette) hardy annual i foot flow-\\ners greenish, all summer North Africa 1752.\\nThere are many other species but they are of little value\\nin the garden.\\nRestharrow. See Ononis.\\nRhamnus. Biickthojm. [Rhamnaceae.] The most im-\\nportant garden plant of this family is the well-known hedge\\nplant R. catharticus. There are many other species.\\nRheum. Rhubarb. [Polygon aceae.] Hardy perennials\\nof coarse habit, but having a fine effect in rough borders,\\nand in situations where bold-looking striking plants are\\ndesirable. Good garden sofl. Increased by division or\\nseeds.\\nRhodanthe. [Compositae.] A beautiful little half-hardy\\nannual, whose flowers are like so many pink stars sprinkled\\nall over the branches, and, when well grown, as delicate as\\nthe most elegant artificial flowers the petals are stiff and\\ndry, and, if gathered when in good order, the flowers may\\nbe classed among those vulgarly called everlasting. The\\nsoil adapted best for its healthy culture is a compost of loam,\\ndecomposed cow-dung, turfy peat, and sand two parts of\\nthe loam, and one of each of the rest, well incorporated,\\nand passed through a coarse sieve. In a shallow pan of\\nthis compost, gently compressed by striking the pan on the\\ntable, and levelled even with the edge, the seeds should be", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0373.jp2"}, "330": {"fulltext": "320 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nsown in April, very thinly and evenly with the hand spread\\nflat, press the surface gently all over, and then, with a very\\nfine sieve, shake enough compost over the seeds to cover\\nthem, and no more. The pan may be placed in a hot-bed,\\nor in the stove. When the plants come up, let them be\\nthinned a little, drawing out any weeds that may come up\\nwith them, and place them close to the glass. In a few days\\nthey will be large enough to prick out four or six in a three-\\ninch pot and, as soon as they have taken root, they may\\nbe put into the greenhouse, and allowed to grow until they\\nnearly touch each other but they must be kept near the\\nlight, and have air in very mild weather. When they are\\nfirst pricked out, they must be shaded a day or two. They\\nmay next be planted singly in three-inch pots, and still kept\\nnear the glass. In these pots they may continue growing\\nuntil the roots completely fill the space round the sides, when\\nthey may be transferred to five-inch pots, in which they may\\nbloom. Continue to give them plenty of air, plenty of light,\\nand moderate waterings. There are few annuals that com-\\npete with them for elegance of form, symmetry, and beauty\\nof flower. The supernumerary pots of five or six plants\\neach that is, those not required for separate potting\\nshould be set aside, and kept in the frames till the middle of\\nMay, when they may be turned out into the borders in the\\npatches, without being disturbed. Being dwarf, they must\\nbe kept near the front. From those in the borders, seed\\nmay be expected be careful to gather it as soon as the\\nflowers lose their bright pink color for, as the seed ripens,\\nthe petals get paler, and being a composite flower the seed\\nis not within a pod, and would easily be lost. Pick off the\\nflowers whole, and the seed easily rubs out. In warm situa-\\ntions and in light rich soils, the seeds for the out-door plants\\nmay be sown in May in the borders, and the patches then\\nmerely require thinning out.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0374.jp2"}, "331": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 32 1\\nJ^. Maiiglesii (Mangles s) half-hardy annual i foot flowers\\npink, in July Swan River 1832.\\nRhodochiton. [Scrophularinese.] R. volubile^ once\\ncalled Lophospermum Rhodochito7t^ is a plant with much the\\nhabit and appearance of Lophospermutn, but more slender\\nthe blossoms have a saucer-shaped rosy calyx, and a deep\\npurple, almost black corolla. The plant is increased by cut-\\ntings, which may be put in at any period between March and\\nAugust, in sandy soil, and placed in a close shady place\\nmild heat assists their rooting. The young plants soon ac-\\nquire strength, when placed in a moderate bulk of compost,\\nwhich should consist of loam, peat, and leaf-mould in equal\\nproportions, and used in rather a rough or lumpy condition.\\nIt is adapted for the open ground, and may be grown to a\\nvery pretty state the branches being trained around several\\nupright stakes forming a cylinder. In any case, the plants\\nshould be renewed annually. It requires the usual treatment\\nof bedding out climbers.\\nR. volubile (twining); greenhouse climbing perennial 12 feet;\\nflowers rose and chocolate, in June Mexico; 1833.\\nRhododendron. Rose-bay. [Ericaceae.] One of the\\nmost ornamental families of evergreen flowering shrubs,\\ncomprising great variety both of foliage and flower. Some\\nof the wild species have superb flowers but the seedlings\\nraised in English gardens carry the splendor of this family\\ngreatly beyond that of any of the original species. R. Ca-\\ntawbiefise, which has the best habit of all the American spe-\\ncies, has been so improved from seed, that varieties may\\nnow be had of almost every color. The Indian and hardy\\nspecies, too, have been so crossed, that the most superb\\nvarieties have been produced with the best qualities of sev-\\neral species combined. They must be seen in flower to be\\npurchased with advantage. Peat soil is the most suitable\\n21", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0375.jp2"}, "332": {"fulltext": "322 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nfor these shrubs but the hardy sorts will grow well planted\\neither in fibry or heavy loams, which are improved by the\\naddition of vegetable soil. They are propagated in a variety\\nof ways. The common sorts increase plentifully from seeds,\\nwhich are also resorted to (the flowers having been cross-\\nfertilized), for the raising of new varieties. Sow the seeds\\nin broad shallow pots, well drained, and filled with a mixture\\nof two-thirds peat and one-third loam place them in a cold\\npit keep the soil moist, for it must not once dry after the\\nseeds are in. When large enough, prick the young plants\\nout at an inch apart, into other pots or pans, and, as they\\nbecome larger, pot them singly or, if intended for the open\\nair, plant them in peat-beds, giving them room from year to\\nyear by taking away alternate plants, and putting them else-\\nwhere. They may continue in the beds till they flower. If\\nthere be any doubt of their hardiness, put hoops and mats\\nover them but it is useless to raise tender ones, while there\\nare so many fine hardy varieties. Approved sorts and rare\\nspecies are propagated by layering, or by grafting on stocks\\nof the common species, sometimes by cuttings.\\nR. arboreum (tree) half-hardy evergreen tree 20 feet flow-\\ners rose, in April Nepaul 1820. This species has given rise\\nto many richly-colored hybrids. R. Catawbiense (Catawba)\\nhardy evergreen shrub 4 feet flowers purple, in June North\\nAmerica 1809. The varieties of this afford all shades of colors,\\nfrom purple and rose to pink and white. R. ciliahim (ciliate)\\nhalf-hardy evergreen shrub 18 inches flowers purple or whit-\\nish Sikkim Himalaya 1850. R. DalhousicB (Lady Dalhousie s);\\nhalf-hardy evergreen shrub 6 feet flowers white, in March\\nHimalaya 1850. R. for7;tosu7n {?,\\\\\\\\o^y) greenhouse evergreen\\nshrub; 6 feet; flowers white, in June; India; 1837. Called\\nalso R. Gihsoiii. R. hirsutiun (hairy) hardy evergreen shrub\\n2 feet flowers bright rose or white, in May Switzerland 1656.\\nR. Javanicum Qavanese) greenhouse or stove evergreen", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0376.jp2"}, "333": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 323\\nshrub 4 feet flowers salmon or copper-color, in February\\nJava; 1847. R. Pontzamt {Pontic); hardy evergreen shrub; 6\\nfeet; flowers purple, in May; Gibraltar; 1763. This has\\nsported into numerous varieties of various colors.\\nAlmost all the species of Rhododendron are worth plant-\\ning out doors, especially such of the Indian ones as ulti-\\nmately prove hardy the tenderer sorts being the best of all\\nplants, along with Camellias, for cold conservatories. The\\nfollowing are fine varieties, hardy enough to withstand a New-\\nEngland winter Archimedes, albimi ekgans, album grandi-\\nflorum, atrosaiigiiineum, Barclay ami jn, Blandyanum, Bray-\\nanum, Cha?tcellor, Columbus, Delicatissiinum, Due de Brabant,\\nEverestianum, giganteum, Leopardii, lucidum, Marc Antony,\\nNero, ornatu?n, Pardoleton, pictum, perspicuum, purpureum\\nelegans and gra7idiflorimi, roseum elegans, grandifloru7n, pictum\\nand superbum, Sherwoodianum, Victoria.\\nRhubarb. See Rheum.\\nRhus. Sumach. [Anacardiaceae.] Hardy deciduous\\nshrubs. Light loam. Increased by seeds, layers, or cut-\\ntings.\\nOrnamental Shrubs. R. copalliiia, R. Coriaria, R. Cotinus.,\\nR. typhiiia.\\nRiBES. Currant. [Grossulariaceae.] An extensive fami-\\nly of hardy shrubs, well suited for shrubberies. The very\\nbest, which grows freely in ordinary garden soil, is R. san-\\nguijteum, a deciduous plant, which about May is decorated\\nwith drooping bunches of scarlet blossoms. Of this there\\nis a very handsome double-flowered variety, and another in\\nwhich the blossoms are white. They are propagated with-\\nout difficulty either by layers or by cuttings.\\nR. aureum prcecox (early) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in March North America 1812. R. sangui?ieum (bloody)\\nhardy shrub 4 feet flowers red or white, single or double, in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0377.jp2"}, "334": {"fulltext": "324 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nMay; North America; 1826. R. speciosum (showy); hardy\\nshrub 4 feet flowers scarlet, in May Cahfornia 1829.\\nOther species may be planted in extensive shrubberies.\\nRiciNUS. Pabna Christi. [Euphorbiaceae.] For ordi-\\nnary gardens, R. communis^ or Castor-oil plant, is sufficient.\\nIt is one of those plants which, wherever there is room\\nfor them, should always find a place, for the sake of their\\nfine expansive palmate foliage. The flowers are curious,\\nbut not showy. The seeds should be sown in a hot-bed in\\nApril, and the young plants potted singly, and grown in the\\nframe for a few weeks, then transferred to the greenhouse\\nor a cooler frame, and finally hardened off in a cold frame,\\nready for planting out by the end of May. The soil should\\nbe made rich for them for, being grown on account of their\\nfoliage, it is desirable to encourage them, that the leaves\\nmay be fine and vigorous. The variety called R. communis\\nminor is preferable, except where there is abundant space,\\nwhen the variety major may be grown the leaves of the\\nlatter are considerably the larger, though both are large.\\nThis plant, though a shrub or tree in its native climate, is\\ndestroyed here by our winter, and is therefore treated as a\\nhalf-hardy annual.\\nR. cominunis (castor-oil plant) half-hardy shrub 5 feet\\nflowers greenish-yellow, in July East Indies 1548.\\nThis plant has latterly attracted much attention, and there\\nare many very fine foliaged varieties which we may mention.\\nR. sanguineus^ Borboniensis arboreus, Tuncieftsis, macrocarpus,\\nspecfabilis, albicans, leucocarpus, Africanus, and macrocarpus\\nnanus, afford every variety of white, green, and red foliage.\\nThe seed ripens as far North as Massachusetts in favorable\\nseasons.\\nRicoTiA. [Cruciferae.] A hardy annual, thriving in gar-\\nden soil from seed sown in May.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0378.jp2"}, "335": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. ^2$\\nR. lunaria (Moonwort) flowers blue, purple, in July Egypt\\n1757-\\nRoBiNiA. [Leguminosae.] Deciduous shrubs and trees,\\nmany of them of large size, as the False Acacia, or Locust-\\ntree {R. pseud- Acacia)^ which, besides its elegant pinnate\\nfoliage, and drooping racemes of white sweet-scented flow-\\ners, furnishes a hard and durable timber. For the flower-\\ngarden and shrubbery, however, the species most appropri-\\nate is the Rose Acacia {R. hispida)^ for which the allied\\nspecies, R. macrophylla, may be substituted in situations\\nwhere there is space for its somewhat larger growth both\\nbear long drooping racemes of large rose-colored flowers.\\nThe Rose Acacias grow well in moderately good garden\\nsoil but they require rather a sheltered situation, or their\\nbrittle branches are liable to be broken by the wind. They\\nshould be grown as standards.\\nR. pseud, acacia variety Decaisneana, is a charming hybrid,\\nwith rosy-pink flowers 1862.\\nRocket. See Hesperis.\\nRoMERiA. [Papaveraceae.] Hardy annuals, allied to\\nGlaucium. Common soil. Propagated by seeds sown in\\nMay.\\nThe species are R. hybrida, 7 efracta, and vermiculata, with\\npurple, red, and violet flowers in June.\\nRosa. Rose. [Rosaceae.] The varieties, colors, and\\nhabit of the Rose are almost endless. They are grown\\neither on their own roots, or budded on stocks that is,\\nstems of the common Dog-rose. The Rose will grow\\nwell in any moderately-rich garden soil. In planting roses,\\ncut all the ragged and damaged parts of the root clean with\\na sharp knife if any part of the root is bruised, remove it\\nplant these the same depth that they have been growing be-\\nfore prune out all the thin twigs or shoots from the head", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0379.jp2"}, "336": {"fulltext": "326 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nor bush cut out all the branches which are in the way of\\nothers cut back all the last year s wood to three eyes, and\\nalways make the cut sloping, and just above a bud. When\\nthey are growing, rub off the buds that are growing inward\\nso as to crowd the head. It is a good plan to prune roses\\nat two if not three seasons for on the pruning the season\\nof bloom depends. The early pruned ones grow as soon as\\nthe unpruned the latter push the eyes towards the end,\\nwhile the eyes next the stem do not push at all by pruning\\noff all the grown eyes, the ungrown ones have to begin their\\ngrowth, when the pruned bushes have grown for a month,\\nand thus later flowers are obtained. For the culture of this\\nfavorite flower, see Parkman s Treatise on the subject.\\nR. Ba7iksi(B (Lady Banks s) half-hardy shrub 20 feet; flowers\\nwhite or yellow, in June China; 1807. R. bracteata (Macart-\\nney s) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers white, in August China\\n1795. R. centifolia (cabbage); hardy shrub; 2 feet; flowers\\npink, in June Caucasus 1596. The parent of the garden va-\\nrieties of Cabbage and Moss roses. R. indica (monthly) half-\\nhardy shrub 12 feet flowers blush, all the year China 1789.\\nFrom this have sprung the varieties of China and Tea-scented\\nroses. R. Lawrenceana (Miss Lawrence s) half-hardy shrub\\nI foot; flowers blush, all the year; China; 18 10: the parent\\nof the Fairy roses. R. rubiginosa (eglantine) hardy shrub 5\\nfeet flowers pink, in June England. R. semperflore7is (ever-\\nblooming) hardy shrub 6 feet flowers deep crimson, all the\\nyear China 1789.\\nRose Acacia. See Robinia.\\nRose Bay. See Rhododendron.\\nRose Campion. See Lychnis.\\nRuBUS. Bramble. [Rosaceae.] Hardy trailing shrubs\\nfor the most part. Soil, rich loam. Propagated by cuttings\\nand layers. A very extensive genus, which is generally well\\nadapted for gardens.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0380.jp2"}, "337": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n32/\\nR. fniticosus flore pleno (double); hardy deciduous trailing\\nshrub 10 feet flowers light-red, in July; Britain.\\nRuDBECKiA. [Compositas.] Showy hardy herbaceous per-\\nennials, from which the species of Echinacea, Obeliscaria,\\nCentrocarpha, and Dracopis have been separated. Increased\\nby seeds sown in May, to produce flowering-plants for the\\nnext year, or by dividing the old roots any time in autumn\\nor spring, and planting the division with pieces of root at-\\ntached. They grow readily in any good common soil.\\nR. laciiiiata (jagged-leaved) hardy perennial 5 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in July North America 1640. R. IcBvigata\\n(smooth) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in July\\nCarolina; 1812.\\nRuscus. Butcher s, Broo7n. [Smilaceae.] Evergreen un-\\ndershrubs. Common soil. Propagated by suckers. These\\nplants are not hardy in the Northern States.\\nCurious Evergreens. R. aculeatus, R. hypoglossum, R.\\nhypophyllum, R. raceinosus.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0383.jp2"}, "338": {"fulltext": "s^i^^\\nSABBATIA. [Gentianaceae.] Hardy or half-hardy bien-\\nnials and perennials. Soil, peat, kept moist. In-\\ncreased by seeds or division.\\nS. angularis (angular) hardy biennial 6 inches flowers\\npurple, in July North America 1826. .5 paniculata (pan-\\nicled) hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers white, in May;\\nNorth America; 1817. S. stellaris (starry); hardy biennial,\\ndwarf; flowers rose, with a yellowish-green eye, in July North\\nAmerica 1827.\\nSage. See Salvia.\\nSagittaria. Arrow-head. [Alismaceae.] Aquatic per-\\nennials, requiring various degrees of temperature. Rich,\\nloamy soil. Increased by division. The plants require to\\nbe placed in water.\\nS. gramiiiea (grassy) greenhouse aquatic perennial 18\\ninches; flowers white, in July; Carolina; 1812. S. latifolia\\n(broad-leaved) hardy aquatic perennial i foot flowers white,\\nsingle, or double, in July North America 1818. S. sagittifo-\\nlia (arrow-leaved) hardy aquatic perennial 2 feet flowers\\nwhite, single, or double, in July England. S. sinensis (Chi-\\nnese) greenhouse aquatic perennial 2 feet flowers white, in\\nOctober; China 1812.\\nSt, John s Wort. See Hypericum.\\nSaintfoin. See Onobrychis.\\nSalisburia. Maiden-hair Tree. [Taxaceae.] Hardy\\ndeciduous tree, ornamental on account of its habit and sin-\\ngular maiden-hair-like foliage. Soil, sandy loam. Prop-\\n328", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0384.jp2"}, "339": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 329\\nagated by layers or cuttings. S. adiantifolia is the only spe-\\ncies, of which there is fine variegated variety.\\nSalix. Willow. [Saliceae.] A large genus of decidu-\\nous shrubs aud trees, a few of which are ornamental. Moist\\nsoil, rather loamy. Propagated by cuttings of the stouter\\nshoots planted in spring.\\nOrnamental Trees. S. Babylonica, and its varieties cris-\\nta and Napoleona S. cuprea pendula.\\nThere are some two hundred species and varieties.\\nSalpiglossis. [Solanaceae.] Annuals or biennials, of a\\nshowy character, requiring the protection of a frame or\\ngreenhouse in winter and except in very sheltered situa-\\ntions, where they may be planted out in summer, suited\\nrather for pot-culture in doors than for the open air. They\\nmay be managed very much in the same way as the biennial\\nspecies of Schizanthus. They require a light and rich com-\\npost. Probably they are all varieties of the same species.\\nWhen well cultivated, they are showy plants.\\nS. atropurpured (dark-purple) half-hardy biennial 2 feet\\nflowers dark-purple, in June; Chili; 1827. S. Barclay ana\\n(Barclay s) half-hardy biennial 2 feet flowers brown and yel-\\nlow, in June gardens. S. coccinea (scarlet) half-hardy bien-\\nnial 2 feet flowers scarlet or coppery, in June. S. lutea (yel-\\nlow) half-hardy biennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in June. S.\\npicta (painted) half-hardy biennial 2 feet flowers white and\\npurple, in June Chili 1820. S. stra77zmea (straw) half-hardy\\nbiennial 2 feet flowers yellowish, in June Chili 1824.\\nSalvia. Sage. [Lamiaceae.] There are two kinds of\\nSalvia highly esteemed for the brilliance of their flowers,\\nS. splende?is, scarlet, and S. patents, brilliant blue but there\\nare many more that have nearly equal claims, and scores\\nthat are merely weeds. Some of them are hardy, some half-\\nhardy some require a stove, some a greenhouse. Salvias", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0387.jp2"}, "340": {"fulltext": "330 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ngrow freely in any moderately good soil, the best being a\\nlight loam with a third of rotted dung. The greenhouse\\nkinds do well planted out in May, and potted again in\\nSeptember, and are better propagated annually by cut-\\ntings in July or August. The herbaceous sorts, or half-\\nshrubby hardy perennials, do very well in the ordinary soil\\nof the garden, and multiply by parting the roots, or by strik-\\ning the young shoots. The raising from seed is very sim-\\nple. The seed has to be sown in March, in wide-mouthed\\npots j the seedlings pricked out early, a few in a pot, to grow\\ninto strength, and planted out in May if they are hardy or\\nhalf-hardy, or potted if they are tender. Even the tender\\nones may be planted out, so that they are potted early in\\nSeptember, and put into frames or greenhouses, or any other\\ncontrivance, to prevent the frost from injuring them. The\\nstove varieties are not worth notice, and the others may all\\nsafely be treated like Geraniums, Verbenas, and other plants\\nfor bedding out. S. patens is a fleshy rooted plant, requir-\\ning to be kept dry in winter like a Dahlia root.\\nS. azurea (azure) hardy perennial 5 feet flowers blue, in\\nAugust North America 1 806. S. chamcEdryoides (german-\\nder-leaved) half-hardy shrub 18 inches flowers blue, in\\nJune; Mexico; 1795. S. confertijiora {QYO\\\\vdtd) stove shrub;\\n5 feet; flowers orange-red, in September; Brazil; 1838. S.\\nfulgetis (brilliant) greenhouse shrub 5 feet flowers scarlet,\\nin July; Mexico; 1829. 6^. gesneriflora (gesneria-flowered)\\nstove shrub 3 feet flowers scarlet, in winter 1836. S. gluti-\\nnosa (glutinous) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJune; Germany; 1769. S. Grahamii (Graham s); half-hardy\\nshrub 4 feet flowers purple or rose, in July Mexico 1829.\\nS. hiajis (gaping) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers blue and\\nwhite, in June Cashmere 1839. Horinimun (Clary) har-\\ndy annual 18 inches flowers purple, in June south of Eu-\\nrope 1596. One variety is red-topped, another purple-topped.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0388.jp2"}, "341": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 33 I\\nS. leucantha (white-flowered) greenhouse shrub 3 feet flow-\\ners white, in July Mexico 1825. S. patens (spreading) half-\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue or white, in July Mexi-\\nco 1838. S. pratensis (meadow); hardy perennial; 3 feet;\\nflowers purple, in May England. 6 prtinelloides (prunella-\\nlike) half-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue, in June\\nMexico; 1838. S. pseudo-coccinea(^2,s\\\\2x^ greenhouse sub-\\nshrub; 3 feet flowers scarlet, in July South America 1797.\\nS. Sclarea (Clary) hardy biennial 3 feet flowers whitish and\\npurple, in July; south of Europe 1562. S. splende?is {s^ltn-\\ndid) greenhouse shrub 5 feet flowers scarlet, in September\\nMexico 1822. S. Tenorii (Tenorie s) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers blue, in June Italy 1821.\\nSandwort. See Arenaria.\\nSanguinaria. Puccoon. [Papaveraceae.] Dwarf early-\\nblooming hardy perennials. Soil, light loam. Increased\\nby division. They are very ornamental and valuable on ac-\\ncount of their early bloom.\\nS. Canadensis (Canadian) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners white, in May North America.\\nThe variety gmndiflora has larger flowers. This plant has\\na tendency to produce extra petals, and promises well for a\\ndouble variety.\\nSambucus. Elder. [Caprifoliaceae.] Hardy shrubs,\\nwith white flowers and ornamental berries. Propagated by\\nseeds or cuttings. Soil, deep rich damp loam. The varie-\\ngated varieties are very desirable.\\nS. Canadensis (Canada) 6 feet flowers in July North\\nAmerica; 1761. S. nigra (black-fruited); 15 feet; flowers in\\nJune Britain, S. nigra foliis-arge7iteis (white-variegated-\\nleaved) 20 feet flowers in June Britain. S. nigra foliis-hi-\\nteis (yellow-variegated-leaved) 20 feet flowers in June Britain.\\nS. nigra laciniata (cut parsley-leaved) 20 feet flowers in June\\nBritain. S. nigra laciniata aurea (cut yellow-striped) 20 feet\\nflowers in June 1848. 6 /\u00c2\u00ab^r^ /^/^^r^^^r/^ (white-berried) 20", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0389.jp2"}, "342": {"fulltext": "332 GARDEN FLOWEI^S.\\nfeet flowers in June Britain. S. nigra monstrosa (monstrous-\\nstriped-barked) 20 feet flowers in June Britain. S. nigra\\npulverulenta (powdered) 10 feet flowers in June Britain.\\nS. nigra rotundifolia (roundish-leaved) 20 feet flowers in.\\nJune Britain. S. nigra virescejis (greenish) 20 feet flowers\\nin June Britain. S. pubens (downy) 6 feet flowers in North\\nAmerica 181 2. .S*. racejftosa (racemed) 12 feet flowers\\ngreen and yellow, in May; south of Europe; 1566. S. race-\\n7nosa yiavescens {yt\\\\\\\\oW\\\\sh) 12 feet; flowers yellow and green,\\nin May south of Europe 1596. S. racemosa purpurea (pur-\\nple) 12 feet flowers purple, in May south of Europe 1596.\\nSanguisorba. Burnet. [Rosaceae.] Hardy herbaceous\\nperennials of coarse habit, but elegant foliage. They grow\\nreadily in common soil, and are increased by division.\\nS. Alpina (Alpine) flowers yellow, in June Altai 1837. S.\\nAftdersonii (Anderson s) flowers pink, in July Siberia. S.\\nCanadensis (Canadian) 3 feet flowers white, in August Can-\\nada 1633. S. carnea (flesh-colored) 4 feet flowers red, in\\nJuly; Siberia ^1823. S. Maiiritanica (Mauritanian) 4 feet;\\nflowers pink, in July; Algiers; 1810. S. media (middle); 4\\nfeet; flowers flesh, in August; Canada; 1785. S. neglecta\\n(neglected); 4 feet flowers white, in July; Europe; 1800. S.\\nofficinalis (shop) 4 feet flowers purple, in July Britain. S.\\nofficinalis auriculata (eared) 4 feet flowers pink, in July Si-\\ncily. S. pr(Fcox (early-flowering) 3 feet flowers pink, in May\\nSiberia 1827. S te7iuifolia (fine-leaved) 4 feet flowers pink,\\nin July; Dahuria 1820.\\nSanvitalia. [Compositas.] A procumbent half-hardy\\nannual, requiring the ordinary treatment of half-hardy annu-\\nals. Sown in the border or in beds about the beginning\\nof May, it will bloom about July. It is a suitable plant for\\nthe edges of beds.\\nS. procumbens (procumbent) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nyellow, in June Mexico 1798.\\nSaponaria. Soap-wort. [Caryophyllaceae.] Showy bar-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0390.jp2"}, "343": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 333\\ndy plants, consisting of annuals and perennials. Among the\\nlatter is S. officinalis /lore pkno, 2i Yigoxows growing subject\\nof the easiest culture, which, as it propagates by fragments\\nof its roots, is with difficulty extirpated where it has been\\nonce introduced, but does not spread very rapidly of itself\\nAnother pretty species, forming indeed a beautiful object\\non rock-work during summer, but apt to suffer from damp\\nin winter, and therefore requiring to be preserved at that\\nseason in a dry frame, is S. ocymoides, which spreads over\\nthe surface of the ground in patches of some size, covered\\nwith innumerable rose-colored stars, through the principal\\npart of the summer season. This kind is best increased by\\nseeds, when they are to be procured these should be\\nsown in May or June, and the young plants potted singly,\\nusing a compost of sandy loam, and keeping them sheltered\\nfrom much wet and damp, in cool frames, through the first\\nwinter, when they may be planted out. When seeds are not\\nto be had, cuttings must be planted in June or July, in sandy\\nsoil, under hand-lights, and these young plants wintered\\nas before* A store of young plants should be so preserved\\nanrmally. For a dwarf bed in a flower-garden, this species\\nis well suited, on account of the mass in which its blossoms\\nare produced when so planted, the surface should be cov-\\nered with stones, over which the branches of the Saponaria\\ndelight to spread. S. calabrica is a beautiful annual, of very\\nmuch the same character in other respects.\\nS. c(2spitosa (tufted) half-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nred, in July; Pyrenees; 1820. S. ocy7noides (basil-like); half-\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers rose, in June Europe\\n1768. S. officinalis piore pleno ip^cmzX) hardy perennial; 3\\nfeet flowers pink, in July gardens. S. prostrata (prostrate)\\nhalf-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers rose, in July Pyre-\\nnees 1824.\\nSarracenia. Side-saddle Flower. [Sarraceniae.] Hardy", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0391.jp2"}, "344": {"fulltext": "334 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nand half-hardy herbaceous perennials. Soil, sphagnum moss\\nand fibry peat. 6 purpurea is perfectly hardy, needing only\\na moist situation the other species need greenhouse pro-\\ntection. Increased by division.\\nS. D7 um7nondii^ S. Jiava, S. jninor, S. purpurea^ S. rubra,\\nS. variolaris, are all interesting plants, remarkable for the\\npitcher-like form of the leaves.\\nSaussurea. [Compositse] Hardy herbaceous perennials,\\nwith red or purple flowers, thriving in common garden soil,\\nand propagated by division. There are about twenty spe-\\ncies, natives of Siberia and the Caucasus.\\nSaxifraga. Saxifrage. [Saxifragaceae.] Hardy peren-\\nnials, of close-tufted growth, mostly of small stature, and of\\nsimple beaut}^ All the species are admirably suited for\\nrock-work, thriving when planted on raised banks among\\nrough stones, which they soon cover with their matted\\nbranches. One species, 6*. umbrosa, is one of the most val-\\nuable of plants for town gardens in fact, it thrives any-\\nwhere, as well in the midst of smoke and shade as in the\\npure air. This grows a foot or more high, and has pink flow-\\ners prettily spotted, which are produced about May. The\\nspecies flourish in any kind of light soil, and increase to any\\nextent by division. They are sometimes planted as an edg-\\ning to flower borders, and look very pretty, but require to be\\nfrequently replanted.\\nS. Cotyledon (pyramidal) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nwhite, in a pyramid, in June European Alps 1 596. S. crassi-\\nfolia (thick-leaved) hardy perennial i foot flowers pink, in\\nApril; Siberia; 1765. S. granulata ple?ta {gv2im-roottd); har-\\ndy perennial i foot flowers white, in May gardens. S. hyp-\\niioides (moss-like) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers white,\\nin May Scotland. S. oppositifolia (opposite-leaved) hardy\\nperennial 3 inches flowers purple or white, in March Bri-\\ntain. S. sarmentosa (sarmentose) half-hardy perennial 2", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0392.jp2"}, "345": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 335\\nfeet flowers white, spotted red, in June China 1815. S. um-\\nbrosa; hardy perennial 18 inches flowers flesh-colored, spot-\\nted, in April Britain.\\nAll the perennial kinds may be safely added to this small\\nselection, which serves merely to indicate the variety com-\\nprised in the genus.\\nScABiosA. Seabioiis. [Dipsaceae.] Hardy herbaceous\\nperennials. Common soil. Increased by division. The\\nspecies are S. arvmsis, Australis, Carpatka, dickotoma, dip-\\nsacifolia, pubescens^ Salcedi, and stricta, mostly white flowered.\\nScarlet Runner. See Phaseolus.\\nScHiVERECKiA. [Brassiccse.] Hardy perennial rock-\\nplants. Common soil. Increased by division.\\nScHiZANTHUS. [Scrophularincae.] Hardy annuals and\\ngreenhouse biennials. The plant is of branching, elegant,\\nhabit, and well covered with bloom the flowers of an odd\\nshape, with wings and lips of different colors. They are a\\nvery pretty tribe of plants, and for pot-culture, as well as the\\nborders, are worthy of all gardens. Sown in the open bor-\\nders, they bloom the more dwarf in proportion as the soil\\nis poor j but the best way to raise them is on a hot-bed in\\nMarch. The greenhouse biennial section is only suitable\\nfor pot-culture, and differs in requiring to be sown in July or\\nAugust, and kept through the winter in small pots, on a dry,\\nairy, greenhouse shelf. They bloom very late if sown in\\nspring.\\nS. candidus (whitish) half-hardy annual 2 feet flowers\\nwhitish, in July; Coquimbo 1840. S. Grahami (Graham s);\\nhalf-hardy biennial 2 feet flowers lilac and yellow, in June\\nChili 1831. S. Hookeri (Hooker s) half-hardy biennial 2\\nfeet flowers rose and yellow, in June Chili 1828. S. pinna-\\n/z^j- (pinnate) half-hardy annual; 18 inches; flowers lilac and\\nrose, in June Chili 1822. S. retusus (retuse) half-hardy bi-\\nennial 2 feet flowers crimson and yellow, or white, in June", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0393.jp2"}, "346": {"fulltext": "33^ GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nChili; 1 83 1. S. violaceus (violet); half-hardy annual; 2 feet;\\nflowers violet-purple, in July gardens.\\nScHizoNOTUS. [Rosaceae.] A small genus of hardy\\nshrubs, separated from Spiraea, and differing in having pin-\\nnate leaves. S. tommtosus Spiroea Li?idleyana) is a very\\ndesirable, hardy shrub, requiring the same mode of manage-\\nment as the shrubby species of Spiraea, and is propagated\\nby cuttings and division.\\nS. tome7itosa (downy) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers white, in\\nMay India.\\nScHizoPETALON. [Brassiccae.] S. Walkeri is a hardy\\nannual, more curious than beautiful, but withal worth a\\nplace in any garden, not only for the singularity of its ap-\\npearance, but also for the fragrance which it evolves towards\\nevening. It is one of the cruciferous order, the flowers of\\nwhich have four petals but, in this case, these parts are cu-\\nriously fringed they are white on the face, dull-brown on\\nthe back. It should be sown in May, in moderately light\\nsoil, and will flower about July, successional sowings bloom-\\ning on till September.\\nS. Walkeri (Walker s) hardy annual 2 feet flowers white\\nand brown, in July Chili 1822.\\nScHOUWiA. [Cruciferas.] A hardy annual. Propagated\\nby seed sown in light soil in May.\\nS. Arabica (Arabian); hardy annual 9 inches flowers pur-\\nple, in July Arabia 1837.\\nSciLLA. Squill. [Liliacece.] A genus of bulbs, for the\\nmost part hardy, and ranking among the prettiest ornaments\\nof the early spring. They are far too much neglected in\\ngardens, though of the easiest culture, and very ornamen-\\ntal at a season when flowers are scarce. They grow very\\nwell in any moderately good garden soil, but have rather a\\npreference for soil containing a considerable portion of peat-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0394.jp2"}, "347": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 337\\nearth, or a free light loam this is especially the case with\\nseveral of the smaller kinds. They multiply rapidly by\\nmeans of offsets, and their culture is very simple, for they\\nmerely require planting in the autumn (the bulbs being\\nplaced from two to four inches under ground, according to\\ntheir size), and they may then remain year after year. Ex-\\ncept for the sake of increase, the less they are disturbed the\\nbetter. There are something like three dozen species re-\\ncorded as being in cultivation, all of which are worth plant-\\ning in a garden.\\nS. amoena (iDleasing) hardy bulb 3 inches flowers blue, in\\nMay; Levant; 1596. S. bifolia (two-leaved); hardy bulb; 3\\ninches flowers blue, in May Europe and Asia Minor. S.\\ncampaimlata (bell-flowered) hardy bulb i foot flowers blue,\\nwhite, or pink, in May Spain 1683. S. Italica (Italian) har-\\ndy bulb 9 inches flowers blue, in May Switzerland 1605.\\nS. prcECox (early) hardy bulb 3 inches flowers deep-blue, in\\nMay; Siberia; 1790. S. Sibirica (Siberian); hardy bulb; 3\\ninches; flowers blue, in May Siberia; 1795.\\nScoRPiURUS. [Leguminosae.] Hardy annuals. Common\\nsoil. Increased by seeds.\\nScROPHULARiA. [Scrophularincae.] Hardy perennials.\\nCommon soil, rather damp. Propagated by divison.\\nScutellaria. Skull-cap. [Scrophularineae.] A rather\\nnumerous family of dwarf herbaceous perennials, some of\\nwhich are very ornamental. They are mostly hardy, showy,\\nand worth growing in the mixed flower borders. They are\\nnot particular as to soil, and are readily increased by division,\\nor, where the roots are indivisible, by planting as cuttings\\nthe young shoots produced from the crowns of the roots in\\nspring. There is another class requiring greenhouse pro-\\ntection, at least in winter. These are increased by cuttings\\nplanted in sandy soil, and placed in a mild hot-bed and\\nthe plants should be potted into rich soil of loam and leaf-\\n22", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0395.jp2"}, "348": {"fulltext": "338 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nmould, if grown in pots but they may be planted out in a\\nwarm situation in the flower-garden by the beginning of\\nJune, to come into flower about August.\\nS. A /p ma (Alpine); hardy perennial 9 inches flowers blue\\nand white, in June Hungary; 1752. S. Columucs {he2.rt-\\\\e2Lved)\\nhardy perennial 18 inches flowers blue, in July south of Eu-\\nrope 1806. kS scordifolia (scordium-leaved); greenhouse peren\\nnial; 2 feet flowers scarlet, in June Mexico 1841. S.ga/c-\\nriczdata (small-cupped) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue,\\nin June England. S. grandifiora (large-flowered) hardy per-\\nennial 18 inches flowers yellow and red, in July; Siberia;\\n1804. S. Japonica (Japanese); hardy perennial i foot; flow-\\ners deep-blue, in June Japan 1838. S. lupulijia (wolf) har-\\ndy perennial i foot flowers yellow and white, in July Tarta-\\nJ y; 1739- S. macrantlia (large-flowered); hardy perennial; i\\nfoot; flowers purple, in July; China; 1844. S. Venteiiatii\\n(Ventenat s) greenhouse perennial 2 feet flowers scarlet, in\\nJuly; St. Martha; 1844.\\nScYPHANTHUS. [Loasaceae.] A handsome twining plant,\\nrelated to Loasa, and best treated as an annual. It may be\\ngrown in pots or trellises, or on the rafters of the green-\\nhouse, or may be planted out for the summer in warm situa-\\ntions where the soil is light and dryish. In pots, it should\\nbe grown in a sandy mixture of loam and leaf-mould. The\\nseeds should be sown in March, in a mild hot-bed, and\\nnursed on till they are able to bear the temperature of the\\ngreenhouse, after which they may be planted out. They\\nmay also be sown in May in the borders.\\nS. elegans (elegant) half-hardy twining annual 8 feet flow-\\ners yellow, in July Chili t 1824.\\nSea Lavender. See Statice.\\nSedum. Stonecrop. [Crassulaceae.] A large family of\\nsucculents, comprising a great many kinds which are hardy\\nherbs. They are well adapted for covering rock-work.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0396.jp2"}, "349": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 339\\nThey are of the easiest culture, growing in almost any soil\\nnot retentive of moisture, but preferring that which is sandy.\\nWhen established on rock-work, they grow almost without\\nsoil. A very handsome half-hardy kind, somewhat shrubby-\\nhabited, is 6 Sieboldii, one of the prettiest of the species,\\nhaving very glaucous leaves, and large heads of pink flow-\\ners it forms a large tuft when grown in a large pot, and\\nshould have a light open soil. Increased by division.\\nS. acre{2Lcnd) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers yellow, in\\nJune England. S. dasyphyllum (thick-leaved) hardy peren-\\nnial 3 inches flowers white, in June England. S. Kamt-\\nschaticuin (Kamtschatkan) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nyellow, in June Kamtschatka. S. rupestre (rock) hardy per-\\nennial 3 inches flowers yellow, in June England. S. Sie-\\nboldii (Siebold s) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers pink, in\\nAugust Japan 1835. S. Telephium (Orpine) hardy perennial;\\n2 feet flowers purple, in July England. S. villos2im (shaggy)\\nhardy perennial 3 inches flowers pink, in June England.\\nAll the species of Sedum, and they are numerous, are de-\\nsirable plants for rock-work.\\nSempervivum. House-leek. [Crassulaceae.] A family of\\nsucculents, related to Sedum, comprising many shrubby\\ngreenhouse species and a few hardy perennials. The hardy\\nherbaceous kinds flourish in rather dry garden soil, and are\\nincreased by division. The best species are S. arachnoideum,\\nflagelHforme, globiferum, pumilum, and tectoru77i.\\nSenecillus. [Compositae.] Hardy herbaceous peren-\\nnials, allied to Cineraria. Easily increased by seeds or\\ndivision. Rich sandy loam.\\nS. glauca (sea-green) hardy perennial 6 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in August Siberia; 1790.\\nS. purpurata, from Cape of Good Hope, with purple flow-\\ners, is not hardy in the Northern States.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0397.jp2"}, "350": {"fulltext": "340 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nSenecio. Groundsel. [Composite.] An extensive genus\\nof composite plants. The hardy herbaceous kinds are of\\nlittle importance. S. elegans is an annual, requiring to be\\nsown in the open border in the month of April, and again\\nin June for a succession the double-flowered varieties,\\nwhich are very handsome, may be multiplied by cuttings,\\nand treated as perennial sub-shrubs. The cuttings are\\nstruck in July or August. If for blooming in pots, they\\nare shifted on like Cinerarias; but if for planting out in\\nthe flower-garden, where they make admirable beds, they\\nmay stand in the small pots till March, and then be re-\\nmoved into pots two sizes larger, in which they remain\\nuntil they are planted out in the beginning of June, by\\nwhich time they will be in flower. The young plants should\\nbe freely topped during autumn and winter, and the early\\nspring, to make them bushy. The double white and the\\ndouble purple are distinct, and very desirable kinds.\\nSerratula. [Compositae.] A family of hardy herba-\\nceous plants, generally purple-flowered, easily propagated by\\ndivision, and growing in common garden soil.\\nSheep Laurel. See Kalmia angustifolia.\\nShepherdia. Buffalo Berry. [Eleagnaceae.] Hardy de-\\nciduous shrubs or small trees, very ornamental when in\\nfruit. The berry is eatable. Soil, deep sandy loam. Prop-\\nagated by seeds. The plants are dioecious.\\nS. argentea (silvery); hardy tree; i6 feet; North America;\\n1820. S. Canadensis (Canadian); hardy tree; 10 feet; North\\nAmerica; 1759.\\nSiberian Pea Tree. See Caragana.\\nSiegesbeckia. [Compositae.] Hardy annuals, with yel-\\nlow flowers, thriving in common garden soil. Sow in a hot-\\nbed in April, and transplant to the border in May. S. cor-\\ndifolia^ Jherica, Orientalis^ and triangularis are the species.\\nS. Iberica has white flowers.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0398.jp2"}, "351": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 34 1\\nSidesaddle Flower. See Sarracenia.\\nSiEVERSiA. [Rosaceas.] Hardy perennials, with the habit\\nand structure of Geum, and requiring similar treatment.\\nThey are mostly dwarf plants, and grow in light garden-soil,\\nincrease being effected by dividing the roots. Pretty plants\\nfor the border, or for rock-work.\\nS. montana (mountain) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nyellow, in May; Austria; 1597. S. triflora (three-flowered);\\nhardy perennial 9 inches flowers yellow, in June North Amer-\\nica 1826.\\nSilene. Catchfiy. [Caryophyllaceae.] A genus of an-\\nnual and perennial plants, bearing trusses of pink, red, pale-\\nrose, and lilac blossoms, and lasting some weeks in bloom\\nThe annuals may be sown thinly in the open border, where\\nthey are to remain. The perennial sorts grow in common\\nsoil, and are propagated by division.\\nS. Anneria (Lobel s) hardy annual 18 inches flowers pink\\nor white, in July England. S. compacta (compact) hardy an-\\nnual 18 inches; flowers pink, in July; Caucasus; 1823. 6\\nfiinbriata (fringed) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers white, in\\nJune Caucasus 1803. S. maritiitia fiore-pleno (double-sea)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers white, in August England.\\nS. pendula (pendulous) hardy annual i foot flowers rose-\\npink or white, in May; Sicily; 1731. S. rcgia (royal); hardy\\nperennial; 18 inches flowers crimson, in June; North Amer-\\nica; 181 1. S. Schafta (Schaft s) hardy perennial; 6 inches\\nflowers deep-rose, in May Russia 1844.\\nThere are more than a hundred other species.\\nSilver Fir. See Abies.\\nSkimmia. [Aurantiaceae.] Evergreen shrubs, not hardy\\nin the Northern States, bearing fragrant white flowers, and\\nvery ornamental in fruit Good loamy soil. Propagated by\\ncuttings, layers, or seeds.\\nS. Japonica (Japan) evergreen shrub 3 feet flowers white,\\nin spring; China; 1852.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0399.jp2"}, "352": {"fulltext": "342 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nSkull-Cap. See Scutellaria.\\nSmilacina. [Liliaceae.] Hardy herbaceous plants. Light\\nloamy soil. Propagated by division.\\nS. bifolia (two-leaved) 3 inches flowers in May north of\\nEurope 1 596. S. borealis (northern) i foot flowers yellow, in\\nMay; 1787. S. Canadensis (Canadian); 6 inches; flowers in\\nJune 1812. S. raceinosa (racemed); i foot flowers pale-yellow,\\nin May 1640. S. stellata (starred) 6 inches flowers in May\\n1633. 6 trifolia (three-leaved); 3 inches flowers in June 1812.\\nS. umbellata (umbelled) 9 inches flowers in May 1778.\\nS. borealis^ more properly Clintoiiia borealis^ is a very\\npretty hardy evergreen, with yellowish flowers and beautiful\\nblue berries.\\nSnap-Dragon. See Antirrhinum.\\nSneezewort. See Achillea ptarmica.\\nSnowball. See Viburnum opulus.\\nSnowdrop. See Galanthus.\\nSnowflake. See Leucojum.\\nSnowy Mespilus. See Amelanchier.\\nSoAPWORT. See Saponaria.\\nSoLANUM. Nightshade. [Solanaceae.] This very exten-\\nsive genus comprises plants greatly varied in their habit,\\nand includes stove, greenhouse, and hardy kinds, annuals,\\nperennials, and shrubs. Some of the species are valuable\\nfor the flower-garden but they are generally rank-growing\\nand weedy. S. ovigerum is the Egg-plant, which is often\\ngrown for ornament as well as use. All the species require\\na rich loamy soil, and are killed by the first frost. The\\ngreenhouse species comprise many valuable plants.\\nSoLDANELLA. [Primulaccae.] A beautiful little group\\nof minute perennial plants, and among the most interesting\\nof the Alpine families, but seldom grown. They increase\\nwith facility by the process of dividing the roots. The com-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0400.jp2"}, "353": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 343\\npost for them should be sandy loam and peat, made ver}^\\nporous.\\nS. Aipina (Alpine) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers blue,\\nin April Switzerland; 1656. S. 7m7ii77ta ([t2iSt) hardy peren-\\nnial 3 inches flowers blue, in April Corinthian Alps 1823.\\nS. i7tontana (mountain) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers blue,\\nin April Bohemia 18 16. S.pusilla (weak) hardy perennial\\n3 inches flowers violet-blue, in April south of Europe 1820.\\nSoLiDAGO. Goldm-rod. [Compositae.] Hardy herba-\\nceous perennials, all producing yellow daisy-shaped blos-\\nsoms, small individually, but, for the most part, produced so\\nabundantly as to have a very conspicuous appearance they\\nmostly bloom in autumn, and some very late in the season.\\nThey are increased by dividing the roots, separating some\\nof the young suckers, which are annually produced in abun-\\ndance at the base of the plant. But few of the numerous\\nkinds are required in one garden, as there is considerable\\nsameness -in their general aspect.\\nS. Canadensis (Canadian) hardy perennial 2^ feet flowers\\nyellow, in September North America 1648. S. huniilis\\n(dwarf) hardy perennial i foot flowers yellow, in August\\nNorth America; 181 1.\\nSolomon s Seal. See Polygonatum.\\nSoPHORA. [Leguminoseae.] Herbaceous plants and\\nhardy trees. Propagated by division, seeds, and cuttings.\\nRich loamy soil.\\nS. flavesce7is (yellowish) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\nyellow, in June; Siberia; 1785. S. galegoides (galega-Hke)\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in June Siberia; 1817.\\nS. Chi7ie7isis (Chinese) hardy tree 30 feet flowers white, in\\nAugust; China; 1763. S. ^dt/^/w (Japanese); hardy tree 40\\nfeet flowers white, in August Japan 1763.\\nThe weeping variety, and that with variegated leaves, are\\nvery desirable.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0401.jp2"}, "354": {"fulltext": "344 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nSorrel-Tree. See Andromeda arborea.\\nSouthern-Wood. See Artemisia.\\nSpecularia. [Campanulaceae.] A small family of hardy\\nannuals, formerly comprised under Campanula. The com-\\nmon S. speculum, with purplish-lilac flowers, varies to white\\nand rose-colored, and is distinct and pretty. The plants\\nform a small spreading mass of about nine inches high, and\\nmay be had in bloom for the whole summer by successive\\nsowing. The seeds may be sown very thinly, for they are\\nvery small in the open border, and should be very lightly\\ncovered. Six or eight plants are enough to form a patch.\\n6 speculimi (Venus s looking-glass) hardy annual i foot\\nflowers purplish-lilac or white, in May south of Europe 1596.\\nSpeedwell. See Veronica.\\nSphenogyne. [Compositae.] A genus of composite\\nplants, consisting of hardy annuals and greenhouse shrubs.\\nThe most useful is S. speciosa, a very pretty half-hardy an-\\nnual, which may be had in succession through the summer\\nby successive sowings. The plants grow well in rich light\\ngarden soil, and in favorable seasons are very ornamental.\\nS., speciosa {shov^y) half-hardy annual i foot flowers orange\\nand black, in June Cape 1836.\\nSPiEROSTiGMA. [Onagraccae.] Hardy biennials and an-\\nnuals, of easy culture in the border, and propagated by\\nseeds.\\nS. ChaiJiissonis (Chamisso s) hardy annual i foot flowers\\nyellow, in August Russia 1 837. S. hirtmn (hairy) hardy\\nbiennial; 6 inches flowers yellow, in August Russia; 1836.\\nS. ?ninutiJloru7n (small-flowered) hardy annual 1 foot flowers\\nyellow, in August Russia 1837.\\nS. cheiranthifoUum, a Chilian species, is not hardy.\\nSpergula. [Caryophyllaceae.] Very pretty mossy plants,\\nstudded in June with white flowers. In England they are", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0402.jp2"}, "355": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 345\\nextensively used for lawns but in this country our summer s\\nsun dries them up. Stiff loamy soil. Propagated by division\\nand seed.\\nS. pilifet a (hairy) hardy perennial 2 inches flowers white,\\nin June Corsica.\\nSpiderwort. See Tradescantia.\\nSpigelia. Worm-grass. [Gentianeae.] S. Marilandica\\nis a pretty hardy perennial herb, growing a foot high, and\\nbearing tubular flowers, which are scarlet, tipped with green,\\nand bear no inconsiderable resemblance to those of Cor-\\nrea speciosa. The plant prefers a cool and somewhat shady\\nsituation, where the soil is of a somewhat peaty character,\\nsay half peat and half maiden loam. When in a thriving\\ncondition, it is a very pretty plant. It is propagated by divi-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2sion of the root.\\nS. Marilandica (Maryland) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nred and green, in July North America 1694.\\nSpindle-Tree. See Euonymus.\\nSPiRiEA. [Rosaceae.] A very interesting tribe of hardy\\nplants, some of them herbaceous perennials, others decidu-\\nous shrubs, handsome when in flower nearly all bear white\\nflowers in pyramidal spikes. The herbaceous kinds are\\nbeautiful in pots or in the borders and the shrubs are pretty\\nin plantations. The former are propagated by parting the\\nplants and by cuttings and the latter by layers, and by\\ncuttings of the young wood. The herbaceous kinds spread\\na good deal, and may be divided easily. The shrubs are\\nvery useful in clumps, and can be pruned to any form. To\\npropagate these, the branches should be layered in autumn.\\nThere are many species, of which those enumerated below\\nare some of the best and most distinct.\\nS. aricEfolia (white-beam-leaved) hardy shrub 6 feet flow-\\ners whitish, in July North America 1827. S. armicus (goat s-", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0403.jp2"}, "356": {"fulltext": "34^ GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nbeard) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers white, in July Siberia\\n1633. S. bella (pretty) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers rose, in\\nJuly Nepaul 1820. S. callosa (callous) hardy shrub 3 feet\\nflowers deep-rose, in June; North China; 1852. S. corymbosa\\n(croymbose) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers white, in July Vir-\\nginia 1 8 19. S. Douglasii (Douglas s); hardy shrub 4 feet;\\nflowers rose, in July; North America; 18 14. S. filipendula\\n(dropwort) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers white, single or\\ndouble, in June Britain. S. hypericifolia (hypericum-leaved)\\nhardy shrub 5 feet flowers white, in May North America\\n1640. S. lobata (lobed) hardy perennial; 2 feet flowers red,\\nin July; North America 1765. S. opiilifolia (Guelder-rose-\\nleaved) hardy shrub 5 feet flowers white, in June North\\nAmerica 1690. palmata (palmate) hardy perennial 2 feet\\nflowers red, in July China 1823. S. priinifolia (plum-leaved);\\nhardy shrub; 4 feet; flowers white, in March; China; 1844.\\nThe double-flowered variety, Jlore-plcno, is a beautiful shrub,\\nwith double white, button-like blossoms. S. Reevesii (Reeves s)\\nhardy shrub 4 feet flowers white, in June China 1852.\\nThe double variety is the best. S. uhnifolza (elm-leaved) hardy\\nshrub 3 feet flowers white, in June Carniola 1790.\\nSprekelia. [Amaryllidaceae.] Beautiful stove or green-\\nhouse bulbs. S. formosissima, the old Amaryllis fonnosissi-\\n171US, is imported annually in large quantities, and does well\\nbedded out and treated as a gladiolus. They may be groWn\\nas greenhouse bulbs, keeping them in the house on a very\\nlight shelf while the leaves are growing, and watering with\\nweak manure-water while in full vigor then ripening off,\\nand keeping the bulbs quite dry in winter, until they show\\nsigns of flowering. Increased by offsets.\\n6 5r^7^zi- (short-tubed); stove bulb; i foot; flowers green and\\nred, in June Bolivia 1839. S.formosissima (Jacobaean lily)\\ngreenhouse bulb i foot flowers rich crimson-scarlet, in June\\nGuatemala; 1658. S. glauca (glaucous); greenhouse bulb; i\\nfoot flowers scarlet, in May Mexico 1840.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0404.jp2"}, "357": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS, 34/\\nSpraguea. [Portulaceae.] A very beautiful little plant,\\nof recent introduction. Rich loamy soil. Propagated by\\nseeds.\\nS. M7nbellata (umbelled) 9 inches flowers white and purple\\nCahfornia 1862.\\nSpruce Fir. See Abies.\\nSquill. See Scilla.\\nStachys. Hedge-nettle. [Lamiaceas.] Herbaceous plants,\\nhardy and tender, and annuals. Many of the greenhouse\\nspecies are desirable. The annuals are worthless. Of the\\nperennials, S. Corsica^ grafidiflora^ lanataj stricta^ and setifera\\nare hardy. Light loamy soil. Increased by division.\\nStaff-Tree. See Celastrus.\\nStaphylea. Bladder-nut. [Staphyleacese.] Hardy de-\\nciduous shrubs, with showy foliage and white flowers. Light\\ngarden soil. Propagated by cuttings, layers, or by seeds,\\nwhich vegetate slowly. The hardy species are\\nS. pinnata (pinnate) hardy shrub 6 feet flowers white, in\\nJune England. S. trifoliata (three-leaved) hardy shrub 6\\nfeet; flowers white, in May; North America 1640.\\nStar of Bethlehem. See Ornithogalum.\\nStarwort. See Aster.\\nStatice. Sea Lavender. [Plumbaginacese.] Fine hardy\\nor half-hardy perennials, growing vigorously in ordinary\\nflower-borders, of good light loamy soil, where they throw\\nup their widely-branching flower-stems with hundreds of\\nsmall blooms, forming a complete feather of diminutive blos-\\nsoms, for the most part white or blue. These perennials\\nonly require planting out, and, with watering in dry weather,\\nthey will increase in size, and flower season after season,\\nuntil they may be taken up, and parted to multiply them.\\nWhen the roots are taken up, they are divided so as to give\\nat least one good heart to each piece of root the roots", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0405.jp2"}, "358": {"fulltext": "343 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nbeing rather coarse. All the hardy kinds want the same\\ntreatment. The half-hardy kinds may be kept with the pro-\\nprotection of a frame, and are best grown in pots or, at\\nleast, a store of plants should be kept in pots, if those in\\nthe borders are annually abandoned. Statices are now\\ncalled Armeria.\\nS. bellidifolia (daisy-leaved) half-hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers bluish-lilac, in June Greece 1810, S. emarginata\\n(notched) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers bluish, in July\\nGibraltar. S. eximia (choice) hardy perennial i foot flow-\\ners red, in July Songaria 1844. S. For^um (Fortune s) half-\\nhardy perennials 18 inches flowers white and yellow, in July\\nChina; 1845. S. zncana {ho3.ry) half-hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers light-rose, in July Levant 1823, S. Lzmo?im?n (com-\\nmon) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers blue, in July Eng-\\nland. S. piiberula (downy) half-hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers blue and cream, in June Canaries 1830.\\nAll the Statices are worth growing.\\nStenactis. [Compositae.] Hardy herbaceous perennials.\\nCommon soil. Increased by division.\\nS. speciosa (showy) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers purple,\\nin July California 1831.\\nSternbergia. [Amaryllidaceae.] Hardy bulbs. Soil,\\nsandy loam. Propagated by offsets.\\nS. colchiciflora (colchicum-flowered) hardy bulb 6 inches\\nflowers yellow, in September Hungary; 1816.\\nStipa. Feather-grass. [Graminese.] Ornamental hardy\\nperennial. Common soil. Increased by division.\\n6*. pinnata (feathered) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers in\\nJuly Britain.\\nStock. See Mathiola.\\nStokesia. [Compositae.] A fine half-hardy evergreen\\nherb, requiring a little winter protection, but flowering finely", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0406.jp2"}, "359": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 349\\nin the border in summer. Good loamy soil. Propagated\\nby seeds or division,\\nS. cyanea (azure) 2 feet flowers blue, in August Carolina\\n1776.\\nStonecrop. See Sedum.\\nStork s-Bill. See Pelargonium.\\nStrawberry Elite. See Blitum.\\nStuartia. [Camellieae.] A family of showy shrubs,\\nvery valuable for the garden. Soil, rich loam. Propagated\\nby layers and cuttings. S. pentagynia is hardy as far North\\nas Massachusetts, and is very conspicuous in August from its\\nlarge white flowers with purple centre. S. Virginica, the\\nother species, is not hardy.\\nStyrax. Storax. [St}Taces.] Hardy deciduous shrubs,\\nwith very pretty white flowers. Soil, rich sandy loam.\\nPropagated by seeds, cuttings, and layers.\\n6 grandifloriwi (large-flowered) 6 feet July North Amer-\\nica 1765. S. IcEvigatum (smooth); 4 feet; July; North\\nAmerica 1765. S. pulveridentiim (powdery) 4 feet flowers\\nin June North America 1794.\\nS. officinale^ from the Levant, is half-hardy.\\nSultan. See Centurea.\\nSumach. See Rhus.\\nSun-Dew. See Drosera.\\nSun-Flower. See Helianthus.\\nSun-Rose. See Helianthemum.\\nSwallow-Wort. See Asclepias.\\nSwan-Daisy. See Brachycome.\\nSweet Alyssum. See Koniga.\\nSweet-Brier. See Rosa rubiginosa.\\nSweet Gum. See Liquidamber.\\nSweet Pea. See Lathyrus.\\nSweet Scabious. See Asterocephalus.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0407.jp2"}, "360": {"fulltext": "350 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nSweet Sultan. See Centaurea moschata.\\nSweet William. See Dianthus barbatus.\\nSymphiandra. [Campanulaceae.] Hardy perennial. Dry-\\nish sandy loam. Propagated by seeds or cuttings.\\nS. pendtila (pendulous) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\nwhite, in July Caucasus 1823.\\nSymphoria. [Caprifoliaceae.] Pretty deciduous shrubs,\\nremarkable for the white berries which succeed their flowers,\\nand remain through the winter. Common soil. Increased\\nby suckers.\\n6 glomerata (clustered) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers whit-\\nish, in August North America 1730. A variegated variety is\\nvery ornamental. S. racemostis (racemed) hardy shrub 5\\nfeet; flowers pinkish, in August North America 18 17.\\nSymphytum. Comfrey. [Boraginaceae.] Coarse-grow-\\ning, but in some instances showy hardy perennials. Com-\\nmon soil. Propagated by division or seeds.\\n6 asperrimum (rough) hardy perennial 6 feet flowers red\\nand blue, in June Caucasus 1799. S. Caucasiciun (Cauca-\\nsian) hardy perennial 4 feet flowers azure, in June Cauca-\\nsus 1820. 6^. Orientale (Eastern); hardy perennial; 3 feet;\\nflowers white Turkey; 1752. This spreads itself about, dis-\\nappearing in one spot and re-appearing in others.\\nSyringa. Lilac. [Oleaceae.] This family comprises the\\nI.ilac and its varieties. Well-known and favorite deciduous\\nshrubs, of which there are several very distinct kinds the\\ncommon Lilac, S. vulgaris, gives white, red, and purple va-\\nrieties the Persian Lilac, S. Fersica, has a white, as well as a\\ncut-leaved, variety. There are some others, as S. Josikcea,\\nand the Chinese, S. Rothmagensis. They chiefly differ in the\\nsize of the foliage and flower. All are hardy, and well de-\\nserving a place in all shrubberies. They are propagated\\nby layers and suckers. All these species grow naturally", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0408.jp2"}, "361": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 35 1\\nin the form of bushy shrubs; but they are in ever)^ re-\\nspect more desirable as standards. To make them grow\\nas standards, the buds of the suckers with single stems\\nare all rubbed off, but two or three placed at and near\\nthe top and, as the top advances in height, the under\\nbranches are cut clean away, so that at no one time shall\\nthere be more than the few top branches. When the single\\nstem, with its top three pair of branches, has reached the de-\\nsired height, say six feet or less, the branches are allowed to\\nremain on and grow but the top is removed to prevent the\\ntree growing higher, and the ends of the branches are also\\nremoved to encourage lateral shoots, which soon form a\\nhandsome head. In this form, the Lilac-tree may then be\\nplanted among evergreen shrubs, which will completely hide\\nthe stem, while it takes up scarcely any room.\\nS. JosikcBa (Josika s) hardy shrub 6 feet flowers deep-\\nlilac, in May; Germany; 1833. S. Persica (Persian); hardy\\nshrub 3 feet flowers lilac, in May Persia 1640. S.Rotho-\\ninagensis (Rouen) hardy shrub 4 feet flowers lilac, in May\\nChina; 1795. S. vulgaris (common); hardy shrub; 6 feet;\\nflowers lilac, purple, red, or white, in May Persia and Hunga-\\nry 1597.\\nSyringa. See Philadelphus.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0409.jp2"}, "362": {"fulltext": "I ^AGETES. [Compositse.] This genus contains the\\nFrench and African marigolds, both well-known and\\nshowy annual flowers. The African is of a rich golden\\ncolor, and very large. The French is of a rich brown, dark\\nor light, but variously blotched or edged with bright golden\\nyellow. In a large number of seedlings, scarcely two will\\ngive flowers alike, and indeed, on the same plant, it is diffi-\\ncult to find two in all respect identical. Both kinds are raised\\nfrom seed and, to get them early, they should be sown in\\nheat about March. AVhen they germinate, they must have\\nplenty of air to prevent their becoming drawn up. Plant\\nthe French out towards the middle of May, about three in\\na patch, because the diversity of color assists by its con-\\ntrasts in producing a good effect. This, however, does not\\napply to the African, which may be put out singly, be-\\ncause one plant makes show enough in a place. All single\\nand semi-double ones ought to be pulled up and thrown\\naway. Besides those sown in heat, others should be sown\\nin the open ground to form a succession for, although the\\nfirst will keep blooming until the frost cuts them off, younger\\nones coming in are more compact plants. There is another\\nannual kind which should find a place in all gardens, for its\\nneat and elegant foliage, its rich orange flowers, and its\\ncompact and profusely flowering habit: it is T. tenuifolia,\\nsold in seed-shops as T. signata. The flowers are smaH, com-\\npared even with the French Marigold, and they are single 3\\n352", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0410.jp2"}, "363": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 353\\nbut, in soil not too rich, the plants form closely branched,\\ncompact bushes, and are literally covered with blossoms,\\nwhich, in the mass, have a very charming effect. T. lucida, a\\npretty perennial, is propagated by division, and requires a\\ngreenhouse in winter, but is very effective as a bedding plant.\\nS. signata piimila is a fine free-flowering dwarf variety.\\nT. erecta (African Marigold) hardy annual 3 feet flowers\\norange or yellow, in July Mexico 1596. T. lucida (shining)\\nhalf-hardy perennial i foot flowers yellow, in July South\\nAmerica 1 798. T. patula (French Marigold) hardy annual\\n18 inches flowers brown and gold, in July Mexico 1573. T.\\ntemiifolia (flne-leaved) hardy annual 2 feet flowers orange-\\nyellow, in July Peru; 1797.\\nTalinum. [Portulacese.] This genus contains some an-\\nnuals, which, if raised in heat and bedded out in a sheltered\\nplace, are effective. Soil, sandy loam.\\nT. polyandnun (many-stemmed) flowers purple, in August\\nAustralia; 1853. T. pzirpziratiun (purple); flowers purple, in\\nAugust; Mexico; 1826.\\nThere are biennial and perennial species which are tender.\\nTamarisk. See Tamarix.\\nTamarix. Tamarisk. [Tamariscineae.] Hardy shrubs.\\nCommon soil. Propagated by cuttings.\\nT. Gallica (French) hardy sub-evergreen shrub 8 feet\\nflowers pink, in July south of England. T. Germanica (Ger-\\nman) hardy evergreen shrub 8 feet flowers pink, in July\\nCaucasus 1682.\\nTartarian Honeysuckle. See Lonicera.\\nTaxodium. Deciduous Cypress. [Pinaceae.] The most\\nvaluable species is T. disticJuun^ which is hardy as far North\\nas Massachusetts. It is a ver}^ graceful tree, with light sprays\\nof feathery foliage, and succeeds in good loamy soil.\\nTaxus. Yezv. [Taxacece.] Fine evergreen shrubs or\\n23", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0413.jp2"}, "364": {"fulltext": "354 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ntrees. Deep loamy soil. Increased by cuttings in shady\\nborder, or by seeds. The Yew is hardy as far North as\\nMassachusetts in sheltered situations, though liable to be\\nbrowned by the winter s sun. The American Yew is per-\\npectly hardy. The Irish Yew (fastigiata), is tender in the\\nNorthern States. The berries of the Yew are very beautiful.\\nT. baccata (common) berried 20 feet Britain, T. baccata\\nfasfigmta{t 3iY)tr\\\\r\\\\g); 20 feet Ireland; 1780. T. baccata foliis\\nvariegatis (variegated-leaved) 3 feet. T. baccata fructuluteo\\n(yellow-berried); Ireland. T. baccata procicjnbens Q.y mg-dovin)]\\n8 feet Europe. T. baccata sparsifolia (scattered-leaved). T.\\nbaccata -L ^r/^^^/^ (variegated); 20 feet Europe. T. Canadensis\\n(Canadian) 20 feet Canada 1800.\\nTecoma. [Bignoniacege.] A genus of elegant tubular-\\nflowered plants, consisting of both evergreen and decidu-\\nous shrubs and climbers. T. radicans and its varieties are\\nbea-utiful hardy deciduous climbers, very ornamental against\\na wall or a house they grow well in good rich loam, and\\nare propagated by layers. Also called Bignonia.\\nT. grandijlora (large-flowered) climbing shrub 20 feet\\nflowers orange, in July; China; 1800. T. radicafts (rooting);\\nhardy climbing shrub 30 feet flowers orange, in July North\\nAmerica; 1640.\\nTeesdalia. [Cruciferae.] A genus of annuals allied to\\nCandytuft, and requiring the same treatment. The species\\nare T. Jbcris and lipidium.\\nTellima. [Saxifragaceae.] Hardy perennials. Sandy\\nloam and peat. Increased by division.\\nj; ^??^//?^r^ (large-flowered); hardy perennial i foot; flow-\\ners pink, in May North America 1826.\\nTetragonolobus. [Leguminosae.] Annuals and peren-\\nnials,, of which the former are most important. Propagated\\nby seeds sown in May in common soil.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0414.jp2"}, "365": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 355\\nT. bifiorus (two-flowered) hardy annual 6 inches flowers\\nyellow, in July Barbary 1818. Z! /?^r/?/;r?^j (purple) hardy\\nannual i foot flowers dark-purple, in July Sicily; 1769.\\nThalictrum. Meadow-rue. [Ranunculaceae.] Hardy\\nherbaceous perennials, w^orth growing in a mixed border for\\nthe sake of their pretty compound foliage, but having rather\\ninsignificant blossoms. They grow freely in common gar-\\nden soil, and are increased by division of the plant.\\nT. aquilegifolhim (columbine-leaved) hardy perennial 3\\nfeet flowers purple, in May .Austria 1731.\\nT. co7 yiieUu7n and dioicum are natives of our woods and\\nmeadows. T. anemonoides or Ajiemone f/ialictroides, is a beau-\\ntiful little spring-flowering plant the double variety is very\\ndesirable. There are over sixty species.\\nThrift. See Armeria.\\nThroatwort. See Trachelium.\\nThorn-Apple. See Datura.\\nThuja. Arbor-vitce. [Coniferse.] These are among the\\nbest of evergreen shrubs for the shrubber} or as specimen\\nplants on lawns. T. Oriejitalis., the Chinese Arbor-vitae, is\\nwell known, and is admired for its close cone-shaped out-\\nline. T. Occidentalism the American Arbor-vitse, has the same\\nhabit, but is of looser growth. There is another elegant\\nhardy species called T. plicata^ not uncommon in gardens\\nand one much rarer, T. pendula, which has long slender\\ndrooping twigs, and is a most singular and very ornamental\\nsmall tree. The commoner sorts grow well in any moder-\\nately favorable situation, preferring a somewhat moist but\\nnot marshy situation. They are best raised from seeds,\\nsown in April, in a frame or covered bed. T. pendiila\\nshould be kept dryer, and is increased by grafts or cuttings.\\nT. Occideiitalis (Western) hardy evergreen shrub 1 5 feet\\nflowers green, in May; North America; 1596. T. Orientalis", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0415.jp2"}, "366": {"fulltext": "356 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n(Eastern) hardy evergreen shrub 1 5 feet flowers green, in\\nMay; China; 1752. T. pendu /a (drooping) hardy evergreen\\nshrub; 10 feet; flowers green, in May; Tartary 1828. T.\\npltcafa (plaited) hardy evergreen shrub 10 feet; flowers green,\\nin May Nootka Sound 1796.\\nThuiopsis. [Coniferae.] A family of fine hardy ever-\\ngreens, somewhat resembling the Arbor-vitae, but with fine\\ncut foliage. None are as yet very common. Propagated\\nby cuttings. Common soil.\\nT. borealis (northern) hardy tree 100 feet Nootka Sound\\n1855. T. dolebrata (sWveYj); hardy tree 50 feet Japan; 1850.\\nVariety variegata has a yellow variegation Japan 1861. Va-\\nriety 7ia7ia seldom exceeds six feet in height Japan 1861, T.\\nStaiidishii (Standish s) resembles the last, but has more slen-\\nder and less silvery foliage Japan 1861.\\nThunbergia. [AcanthacejE.] Stove evergreen climbers.\\nThey thrive best in a mixture of turfy loam, peat, and rotted\\ndung but the best of them, T. alata, and its varieties, be-\\ning very liable to attacks of the red spider, are best raised\\nfrom seeds, and treated like tender annuals, only they re-\\nquire a trellis on \\\\vhich to train their branches. T. alata\\naurantiaca is the best, having deep orange blossoms, with a\\nblack centre T. alata alba^ with white flowers and a black\\ncentre, is also very pretty, and there are several others\\nthe color of T. alata itself is buff-yellow, with a black centre.\\nThe varieties all bloom throughout the summer, and at that\\nseason are splendid objects in a greenhouse, if well man-\\naged they may also be grown out-doors, and are very beau-\\ntiful objects in the garden, preferring moist peat soil. All\\nof the species, strike freely and cuttings in sand, under a\\nbell-glass, v/ith a little bottom-heat, are rooted in a short\\ntime. The seeds may be sown in March, in w^ide-mouthed\\npots, and as soon as the plants are large enough, potted ofif\\nin the smallest-sized pots, to be treated the same as cut-\\ntings or planted in the borders in May.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0416.jp2"}, "367": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 35/\\nT. alala (winged) stove-climbing perennials 5 feet flowers\\nbuff with black eye, in June; Africa; 1823. T. alata alba\\n(white) stove climbing perennial 5 feet flowers white, with\\nblack eye, in June Madagascar. T. alata atirantiata (orange);\\nstove climbing perennial 5 feet flowers orange with black eye,\\nin June gardens.\\nThymus. Thyme. [Lamiaceae.] Hardy evergreen per-\\nennials and sub-shrub. Soil, sandy loam. Propagated by\\ndivisions or cuttings. Many of them are beautiful rock-\\nplants.\\nT. azureus {?iZVix\u00e2\u0082\u00ac)\\\\ hardy perennial 6 inches flowers purple,\\nin June south of Europe 1830. T. Corsicus {Qox^\\\\z2ivi) half-\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers lilac, in June Corsica 1831.\\nT. lanuginosus (woolly) hardy trailing perennial flowers pur-\\nple, in July Britain.\\nTiARELLA. [Saxifragaceae.] Hardy perennials. Common\\ndryish soil. Increased by division.\\nT. cordifolia (heart-leaved) 6 inches flowers white, in May\\nNorth America 1731.\\nTiGRiDiA. Tiger-flower. [Iridaceae.] One of the most\\nshowy and remarkable of flowers, but at the same time one\\nof the most fugitive the flowers last but a few hours, but\\nthere is a good succession of them produced. They are\\nhardy bulbous-rooted plants, with the flowers large, singularly\\nformed, like a cocked hat reversed, and beautifully spotted\\nwith a darker color upon a yellow or deep orange-colored\\nground. The two so-called species are very similar in all\\nbut having a darker or lighter ground color. The flowers\\nlast but the day they come out if the sun is pretty hot, which\\nit generally is when they flower, in July. They do not grow\\nmore than twelve inches high, and should be planted in a\\nmass, because there will then be a number of flowers open\\nfor some time when planted singly, that is not the case, for\\nthere will be days when a plant will have none, and that, too,", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0417.jp2"}, "368": {"fulltext": "358 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nbefore it is out of bloom altogether. Plant them in May,\\nthree inches deep, and take them up in the autumn. In-\\ncreased by offsets.\\nT. conchifiora (shell-flowered) half-hardy bulb i foot flow-\\ners yellow-spotted, in June Mexico 1823. T. pavonia (pea-\\ncock) half-hardy bulb i foot flowers orange and red, in June\\nMexico 1796. T. speciosa is a hybrid between these two, with\\nmore of the nature of T. pavonia. T. Wheelerii is also a hy-\\nbrid resembling T. conchifiora.\\nTiLiA. Lime or Linden. [Tiliaceae.] Well-known hardy\\nornamental trees. The American is the best. Propagated\\nby seeds and layers. Soil, rich loam.\\nT. alba (white-wooded) 30 feet flowers in July Hungary\\n1767. T. A7nericana (American); 30 feet; flowers in June;\\nNorth America; 1752. T. A7nericana heterophylla (various-\\nleaved); 30 feet; flowers in July; North America; 181 1. T.\\nAmericana laxijlora (loose-flowered) 50 feet flowers white in\\nJune North America 1820. T. Americana ptibescens o\\\\^tvj)\\\\\\n20 feet flowers in July North America 1726. T.Americana\\npubescens leptophylla (thin-leaved-downy) 20 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in July North America. T. Europcea (European, or com-\\nmon) 50 feet flowers in July Britain. T. Etiropcza aurea\\n(golden-twigged) 50 feet flowers in August Britain. T. Eu-\\nropcea dasystyla (hairy-styled) 50 feet flowers in July Tauria.\\nT. Europcea laciniata (cut-leaved) 50 feet flowers in August\\nBritain. T. Europcea microphylla (small leaved) 50 feet flow-\\ners in August Britain. T. Europcea pendula (drooping) flow-\\ners in June 1845. Europcea platyphylla (broad-leaved) 50\\nfeet flowers in August Britain. T. Eiiropcea platyphylla au-\\nrea (golden-broad-leaved) 20 feet Britain. T. Europcea rubra\\n(red-twigged); 50 feet flowers in August Britain. T. Europ(xa\\n^^rzV^^a:/^ (variegated-leaved) flowers in June; 1847. T. Eu-\\n7-opcea vitifolia (vine-leaved) flowers in June 1 846.\\nToad-Flax. See Linaria.\\nTobacco. See Nicotiana.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0418.jp2"}, "369": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 359\\nToLPis. Hawkweed. [Compositse.] A fine yellow-flow-\\nered annual, formerly called Crepis ba? bafa. Sow in May in\\ncommon soil. The flowers close in cloudy weather,\\nT. barbata (bearded) hardy annual 2 feet flowers yellow\\nand purple, in July 1620. The other species are T. aliissima,\\ncoronopifolia^ grandijlora, timbellata^ and virgata.\\nToRREYA. [Taxaceas.] Hardy evergreen trees. Deep\\nloamy soil. Propagated by cuttings or seeds.\\nT. myristica (Californian nutmeg) hardy evergreen tree 30\\nfeet; Cahfornia 185 1. Z /\u00c2\u00ab:r^^//\u00c2\u00ab (yew-leaved) hardy ever-\\ngreen shrub 20 feet Florida 1840.\\nTouch-me-not. See Impatiens.\\nTouRNEFORTiA. [Boragincse.] T. heliotropoides is a heli-\\notrope-like hardy or nearly hardy plant, not very showy, but\\na very free bloomer, and useful for small beds. It will grow\\nin the open borders a plant or two should be kept in a\\nframe through the winter. It is increased either by seeds\\nsown in May, or by cuttings and is a low plant, flowering\\nfrom May to August.\\nT. heliotropoides (hehotrope-like) half-hardy perennial i\\nfoot flowers lilac, in June Buenos Ayres 1829.\\nTrachelium, Throaiwort. [Campanulaceae,] Half-hardy\\nherbaceous perennials. Light loamy soil. Increased by\\nseeds sown in spring in a gentle heat, and carefully grown\\nwhile young.\\nT. cosruleinn (blue) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers\\npurple or white, in August Italy 1640.\\nTradescantia. Spiderwort. [Commelinaceae.] The\\nhardy perennial species of this genus are adapted for the\\ncommon borders. They are readily increased by division,\\nand only require to be planted in the common soil, and left\\nundisturbed till they get too large, when they must be taken", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0419.jp2"}, "370": {"fulltext": "360 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nup and divided. The tender species are of less moment,\\nexcept T. discolor^ a curious stove species, and T. iridescetis,\\na prett}^ dwarf free-blooming greenhouse herb.\\nT. subaspera (roughish) hardy perennial; 18 inches; flow-\\ners purple, in May North America 1812. T. Virginica (Vir-\\nginian) hardy perennial; 18 inches; flowers blue, in June;\\nNorth America 1629.\\nThis varies, with white, blue, red, crimson, and double-\\nblue flowers.\\nTragopogon. [Compositas.] A family of hardy bien-\\nnials, thriving in common garden soil. Propagated by seeds.\\nT. floccosus^ imitabilis^ and roscus are hardy border plants.\\nTragopyrum. [Polygonaceae.] Hardy deciduous shrubs,\\npropagated by layers, and growing best in moist, peaty soil.\\nT. biixifoliii7ii (box-leaved) 18 inches flowers white, in July;\\nSiberia; 1800. T. lanceolatu7n (spear-shaped); 2 feet flowers\\npink, in July; Siberia; 1778.\\nTree-Peony. See Moutan.\\nTrefoil. See Trifolium.\\nTrientalis. [Primulaceae.] A family of delicate little\\nperennials, grown best in a shady situation in leaf-mould.\\nPropagated by division.\\nT. Americana (American) 6 inches flowers white, in June\\nNorth America 18 16. The European species (T. Eiiropcsa)\\nmuch resembles this.\\nTrifolium. Trefoil, or Clover. [Leguminosse.] Hardy\\nherbs, many of which are annuals or biennials, and a large\\nnumber perennials. They are not of much value as garden\\nplants. T. incarnatum, with its scarlet flower-heads, is\\nshowy and T. unifloriun is a very pretty minute perennial\\nspecies, deserving a place among alpines. The annuals may\\nbe sown in April in the places where they are to flower.\\nThe perennials need only to be planted in ordinary soil.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0420.jp2"}, "371": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 36 1\\nT. incariiatiun (flesh) hardy annual i foot flowers scarlet,\\nin June Italy 1596. T. lagopiis (hare s-foot) hardy annual\\n18 inches flowers red, in July Spain; 1827. T. megacepha-\\nluin (great-headed) hardy perennial i foot flowers pale-pur-\\nple, in July North America. T. rttbens (red) hardy perennial\\n2 feet; flowers deep-red, in July south of Europe 1633. T.\\nunifioruni (one-flowered) hardy perennial 3 inches flowers\\nred and white, in June south of Europe 1800.\\nTrillium. [Trilliacece.] Curious small hardy herbaceous\\nplants. The stem has three leaves, and the flowers three\\npetals. They are tuberous-rooted perennials, and propagate\\nbut slowly by dividing the roots but they may be raised\\nfrom seed, which is inclosed in a berry. This may be sown\\nin pans, and be raised in a frame, and pricked out, three or\\nfour in a pot, to grow and lastly potted singly into sixty-\\nsixed pots. All those curious in plants should grow them,\\nthough, like many other curious plants, they are greatly ne-\\nglected. They flower very early in spring, and grow best in\\npeat soil.\\nT. cernuiun (drooping) hardy tuberous perennial i foot\\nflowers white, in May; North America; 1758. T. erectum\\n(erect) hardy tuberous perennial 6 inches flowers white, in\\nMay; North America 1700. T. grandijlorum ([^xgQ-fiov^ VQd)\\nhardy tuberous perennial 6 inches flowers white, in May\\nNorth America 1799. T. obovatum{ohQiV2X\u00e2\u0082\u00ac) hardy tuberous\\nperennial 6 inches flowers red, in May North America\\n1 8 10. T. sessile (sessile) hardy tuberous perennial 6 inches\\nflowers brownish-purple, in May; North America; 1759.\\ntindulatum (wavy) hardy tuberous perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners red, in May North America 18 18.\\nTritoma. [Liliaceae.] Beautiful half-hardy herbaceous\\nplants, requiring a light dry soil, and warm or sheltered situ-\\nation, in which they produce their upright spikes of droop-\\ning scarlet tubes, freely, in the autumnal months. They", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0421.jp2"}, "372": {"fulltext": "362 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nthrow out suckers from their roots, by which they may be\\nincreased. They are sometimes called Kniphofia.\\nT. Btirchellii (Burchell s) half-hardy perennial 2 feet flow-\\ners orange, in August Cape; 18 16. T. pumila{A\\\\N2x i)\\\\ hardy\\nperennial; i foot; flowers orange, in September; Cape 1774.\\nT. Rooperi (Rooper s) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers or-\\nange-scarlet, in autumn; Natal; 1848. T. Uvaria (grape);\\nhardy perennial 2 feet flowers orange, in August Cape 1 707,\\nTrollius. Globe-flower. [Ranunculaceas.] Showy her-\\nbaceous perennials, quite hardy, growing in ordinary garden\\nsoil, and increased easily by parting the roots during the\\ndormant season.\\nT. Asiaticzis (Asiatic) hardy perennial i foot flowers\\ndeep-yellow, in May Siberia 1759. T. Eiiropcciisi^\\\\xxo^^2C!\\\\)\\\\\\nhardy perennial i foot flowers yellow, in May Britain.\\nThere are many other species.\\nTrop^eolum. Indian Cress. [Tropseolaceas.] Soft-\\nstemmed climbing herbs, part of which are annual, and\\nothers perennial, having tuberous roots. T. majus, the\\ncommon Nasturtium, as it is called erroneously, and its va-\\nrieties, may be sown in the open ground in May, where it is\\nto bloom through the summer, and requires neither care nor\\nattention. These are beautiful plants everywhere in rich\\nground, covering the surface with foliage and flowers, or\\nclimbing up stakes, and hiding unsightly fences or other ob-\\njects, or potted and placed on the window-sill, where the\\nburning heat and limited food arrests their vegetation, but\\nadds profusion to the blossoms, and intensity to their colors.\\nT. minus is smaller, but equally effective in its way. The\\ndouble orange-colored variety of T. ?7iajits is a greenhouse\\nplant, as is also the double scarlet Nasturtium, which is the\\ndouble-flowered variety of T. minus. These are increased\\nby cuttings, and preserved, like other half-hardy things, in", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0422.jp2"}, "373": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 363\\nthe greenhouse during winter for planting out in summer,\\nwhere they thrive in hot, diy situations. T. percgrinmn is\\nthe canary-bird flower, and thrives well in the border in sum-\\nmer, producing its yellow, curiously-shaped flowers profusely.\\nT. Tom Thumb is a fine variety of T. majiis, forming a clump\\nflowers bright-yellow; hybrid; 1859. There are many others\\nof this type.\\nHardy Annuals. T. majus (greater) 6 feet flowers or-\\nange-yellow, in July; Peru; 1686. T. majus atrosangiime2U7i\\n(dark-red) 3 feet flowers dark-red, in August Peru. T. mi-\\nnus (smaller) i foot flowers orange and yellow, in August\\nPeru; 1596. T. peregrimwi (canary-bird flower); 6 feet;\\nflowers yellow, in September New Grenada 18 10.\\nTrumpet-Flower. See Bignonia and Tegoma.\\nTuberose. See Polianthes.\\nTuLiPA. Tulip. [Liliaceas.] Hardy and very shoMy\\nbulbs. The variegated Tulips of the gardens are the pro-\\ngeny of T. Ges7ieriana. The bulbs are planted in October\\nor November, and bloom in May. They grow in nothing\\nso well as in plain, good, sandy loam, taken from a pasture\\nwith the turf rotted in it and it is the custom to dig out\\nthe bed from two to three feet deep, that this soil may\\nbe placed therein. They are planted six inches apart, the\\nbed being four feet wide, and containing seven flowers\\nacross. The tallest flowers, which are known well to the\\nfanciers, are planted in the centre row those a little shorter,\\nin the rows next to the middle and the shortest, outside\\nso that the tulip-bed when in flower looks like a bank of\\nbloom. The small offsets are planted in separate beds, un-\\ntil they grow large enough to plant in the principal beds.\\nThey are raised from seed to produce new varieties, and\\nthey multiply by offsets. The seeds may be sown in pans\\nor wide-mouthed pots, in the early spring or the autumn,\\nand placed in a garden frame. They wfll come up, and", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0423.jp2"}, "374": {"fulltext": "364 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nabout June turn yellow, and die down, but little bulbs will\\nhave formed some take them up and replant them but, if\\nthey are not too thick, they may be left until the next year.\\nIt will be five or six years before they bloom. The Van\\nThol Tulip, a pretty early sort, is the 7! suaveolens this\\nblooms naturally in April, and is very well adapted for\\nforcing even much earlier than this. Few of the other\\nspecies are cultivated except as curiosities.\\nT. Gesneriana (Gesner s) hardy bulb 2 feet flowers red\\nor striped, in May Levant 1577. The florists varieties are of\\na garden origin. T. oculis solis (sun s-eye); hardy bulb i foot\\nflowers red, with dark eye, in April; Italy; 1816. T. precox\\n(early) hardy bulb 9 inches flowers scarlet and yellow, in\\nApril; Italy; 1825. T. suaveolens (Van Thol); hardy bulb;\\n6 inches flowers scarlet and gold, in April south of Europe\\n1603. T. Turcica (Florentine); hardy bulb 9 inches flowers\\nyellow, in April south of Europe.\\nThere are some twenty other species.\\nTulip-Tree. See Liriodendron.\\nTussiLAGO. ColVs-foot. [Compositae.] A genus of hardy\\nor half-hardy plants, doing best in rich loamy soil. Propa-\\ngated easily by division. The species are T. alba, Alpina,\\ndiscolor, farfara, fragraiis, frigida, Icevigata^ nivea, palj7iata,\\nand sagittata.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0424.jp2"}, "375": {"fulltext": "ULEX. Furze. [Leguminosae.] This well-known, gay-\\nflowering plant is not hardy in the Northern States.\\nIt grows in any soil, and is propagated by seed.\\nW. Europcea (common) evergreen shrub 4 feet flowers\\nyellow, in May Britain. The double-flowered variety, U. Eu-\\nropcEa flore-pleiio^ is the most beautiful. U. 7iana (dwarf) ever-\\ngreen trailing shrub; 18 inches; flowers yellow, in August;\\nEngland.\\nUlmus. Elm. [Ulmacese.] Hardy deciduous timber-\\ntrees. Soil, deep, dry, sandy loam. The common sorts\\nare propagated by seeds, layers, or grafts the varieties by\\ngrafting.\\nU. alata (winged); 30 feet; North America; 1820. U. alba\\n(white; Hungarian); 30 feet; Hungary; 1824. U. Americana\\n(white American) 40 feet North America. U. Americana\\nalba (white branched) 40 feet North America. U. Americana\\nfoliis-variegatis (variegated-leaved). U. A77iericana i?icisa (cut-\\nleaved) North America. U. Americana petidula (drooping)\\nNorth America; 1820. 17. Americana rubra (red-branched);\\n40 feet North America; 1824. U. campestris (English field);\\n80 feet Britain. U. campestris acutifolia (acute-leaved) 80\\nfeet Britain. U. campestris alba (white) 80 feet Britain.\\nU. campestris betuloBfolia (birch-leaved) Britain. U. campestris\\nChinensis (Chinese) China. U. campestris foliis-aiweis (leaves\\ngolden-variegated) Britain. U. campestris foliis-va7 iegatis\\n(leaves variegated with white) Britain. U. ca77ipestris latifolia\\n(broad-leaved) 80 feet Britain. U. ca77ipestris fia7ia (dwarf)\\n365", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0427.jp2"}, "376": {"fulltext": "366 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\n2 feet Britain. U. campestris parvifolia (small-leaved) 20\\nfeet; Siberia; 1822. U. campestris stricta (upright); 80 feet;\\nBritain. U. campestris viminalis (twiggy) 30 feet Britain.\\nU.fiilva (slippery); 60 feet North America. U. glabra (smooth);\\n60 feet Britain. U. glabra latifolia (broad-leaved) Britain.\\nU. 7najor (greater) 40 feet Britain. U. viontana (mountain\\nScotch or Wych) 40 feet Britain. U. inoiitaiia fastioiata (py-\\nramidal; Exeter); Exeter; 1826. U. moiitana nigra (black); 40\\nfeet; Ireland. U. 7nofitana pendula {droo-^mg); Britain. U.mo)i-\\ntana rugosa (rough-leaved) 40 feet Britain. U. mo7itana vul-\\ngaris (common) 40 feet Britain. U. siiberosa (cork-barked)\\n40 feet Britain. U. siiberosa alba (white-barked) Britain.\\nU. siiberosa angustifolia (narrow-leaved) Hertford. U. siibe-\\nrosa erecta (upright) 80 feet Britain. U. siiberosa foliis-varie-\\ngatis (variegated-leaved) 80 feet Britain. U. suberosa latifo-\\nlia (broad-leaved) Hertford. U. siiberosa vulgaris (common)\\n80 feet; Holland.\\nUrospermum. Sheep s-beard. [Compositae.] A hardy\\nperennial, with showy yellow flowers. Soil, common loam.\\nPropagated by seed.\\nU. Dalechampi; hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow, in\\nJuly south of Europe.\\nUvuLARiA. [Melanthaceae.] Neat, dwarf, hardy, herba-\\nceous perennials. They grow with ordinary attention in the\\ncommon soil of gardens, preferring a cool situation, without\\nstagnant moisture, and are propagated by division.\\nU. grandijlora (large-flowered) hardy perennial i foot\\nflowers yellow, in May; North America 1802. U. pei foliata\\n(perfoliate) hardy perennial 9 inches flowers yellow, in May\\nNorth America; 18 10. U. sessilifolia (sessile-leaved); hardy\\nperennial 6 inches flowers cream-colored, in May North\\nAmerica; 1790.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0428.jp2"}, "377": {"fulltext": "VACCINIUM. Whortleberry. [Vaccinaceoe.] Hardy,\\ndeciduous, or sometimes evergreen shrubs, mostly\\nornamental. Soil, sandy loam or peat. Propagated by\\nsuckers or layers. There are many species in cultivation.\\nSome of the East-Indian species are ver^ beautiful, but are\\nnot hardy. The hardy species are not very showy, but are\\nuseful in a shrubbery.\\nValeriana. Valerian. Valerian aceae.] Hardy peren-\\nnials, some of which are pretty, but not remarkably orna-\\nmental. They may all be grown in the open border, in or-\\ndinary garden soil They increase readily by division of the\\nplants.\\nV. Celtica (Celtic) hardy perennial i foot flowers white, in\\nJune; Switzerland; 1748. V. dioica (diaecious) hardy peren-\\nnial I foot flowers flesh-color, in May England. V,. mon-\\ntana (mountain) hardy perennial i foot flowers light-red, in\\nJune Switzerland 1748. V. Phu (Phu) hardy perennial 3\\nfeet; flowers white, in June; Germany; 1597. V. Pyrenaica\\n(Pyrenean) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers pink, in June\\nScotland. V. tuberosa (tuberous); hardy perennial 18 inches;\\nflowers pale red, in June south of Europe 1629.\\nValerianella. Lamb s Lettuce. [Valerianaceae.] Hardy\\nannuals, mostly weedy or salad plants. V. congesta is pretty.\\nCommon soil. Increased by seeds.\\nV. co7igesta (crowded) hardy annual i foot flowers red, in\\nJuly Columbia 1826.\\nVenedium. [Compositae.] A genus containing some", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0431.jp2"}, "378": {"fulltext": "268 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nhalf-hardy showy annuals. Light, rich soil. Propagated by-\\nseeds, which should be sown in May where they are to bloom.\\nV. calendiilacetim (marigold-like) half-hardy annual i foot\\nflowers yellow, in August; Cape of Good Hope 1852.\\nVenus Looking-Glass. See Specularia.\\nVenus Navelwort. See Omphalodes.\\nVeratrum. [Melanthacese.] Hardy herbaceous plants\\nof tall coarse habit, but with fine ornamental foliage, and\\nhaving a very distinct habit and appearance, and therefore\\ndesirable in large mixed borders. They increase by division,\\nand grow in ordinary garden-soil.\\nV. albtu7i (white) hardy perennial 3 feet flowers greenish,\\nin July Europe; 1548. V. nigricm (black); hardy perennial;\\n3 feet flowers dark-chocolate, in July Siberia 1596. V. viride\\n(green) hardy perennial 5 feet flowers greenish, in June\\nNorth America 1742.\\nVerbascum. Mullein. [Scrophularineas.] .Hardy peren-\\nnials, strikingly effective in large borders, or towards the\\nmargins of shrubberies. They are easily-grown plants, thriv-\\ning in any garden soil, and only need to be sown where they\\nare to bloom, each patch being thinned away, leaving only\\nthe strongest. The seeds should be sown about June in one\\nyear, to produce flowering plants for the next season. They\\nare mostly biennials, and young plants should therefore be\\nraised from seeds annually. The perennials are increased\\nboth by seeds and division.\\nV. alopecitrns (fox-tail) hai dy perennial 3 feet flowers yel-\\nlow, in July France; 1820. V. A2istriacum{K\\\\xs\\\\x\\\\2iVi) hardy\\nperennial; 5 feet flowers yellow, in July Austria; 1818. V.\\nblattaria (moth) hardy biennial 4 feet flowers yellow, in July\\nEngland. V. formosiun (handsome) hardy biennial 2 feet\\nflowers yellow, in July Russia 1818. V. grandijlonnji (large-\\nflowered) hardy biennial 4 feet flowers yellow, in July; Eu-\\nrope 1820. V. Ph(\u00c2\u00a3niceu?n (purple) hardy perennial 3 feet", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0432.jp2"}, "379": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 369\\nflowers purple, in June south of Europe 1796. V. spectabile\\n(showy) hardy biennial 2 feet flowers yellow and purple,\\nin July Tauria 1820. V. //e^^j/zi- (shepherd s club); hardy\\nbiennial 6 feet flowers yellow, in July England. V. triste\\n(dark) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers yellow and red, in July\\nsouth of Europe 1688.\\nThere are about fifty other species.\\nVerbena. Vervain, [Verbenaceae.] Beautiful flower-gar-\\nden plants, consisting for the most part of perennial species,\\nrequiring protection during winter. The race of half-hardy\\nVerbenas has given rise to those fine seminal varieties, which\\nare now, during summer, to be seen decorating every garden.\\nV. Melindres or chanicedrifolia was one of the first favorites\\nbut, like most of the other species, it has been lost amid the\\nmore beautiful sorts that have sprung up under the florists\\ncare. It is the creeping habit, however, and abundant bloom\\nof V. Melindres, which has given much of their value to the\\nflorists seedlings their size and the more erect habit and\\nfragrance observable in recent varieties having been derived\\nfrom V. teucrioides. The Verbena strikes freely under a bell-\\nglass in light sandy soil, and very quickly in a mild hot-bed\\nand it grows freely in any rich light soil. New varieties are\\nraised from seeds. The seeds should be sown in pans, and\\nplaced in a greenhouse or frame, the young seedlings planted\\nout in beds six inches apart, until it is seen what flowers\\nthey produce, when such as are worthy may be propagated.\\nIn gardens, those which approach nearest to the admirable\\nhabit of V. MeBidres which creeps along the ground,\\nspreading and rooting at every joint, until it covers a bed\\nlike a carpet, and throws up its umbels or trusses of flowers\\nall over its allotted space should be selected.\\nV. Melindres (Mehndres) half-hardy perennial i foot flow-\\ners scarlet, in June Buenos Ayres 1827. V. multifida (many-\\n24", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0433.jp2"}, "380": {"fulltext": "370 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\ncleft) half-hardy perennial 6 inches flowers purple, lilac, or\\nwhite, in July; Chili; 1839. K pidchella (neat); half-hardy\\ntraihng perennial flowers purple or white Buenos Ayres\\n1827. V. radicans (rooting); half-hardy traihng perennial; 6\\ninches flowers pink, in July Chili 1832. V. sidpJmrea (sul-\\nphur) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers pale-yellow, in July\\nChili; 1832. V. teucrioides (teucrium-like) half-hardy peren-\\nnial 2 feet flowers whitish, in July Monte Video 1837. V.\\nTweediaiia (Tweedie s) half-hardy perennial 18 inches flow-\\ners rose-crimson, in June Brazil; 1834. V. venosa (veiny);\\nhalf-hardy perennial 2 feet flowers rose-purple, in May\\nBuenos Ayres 1830.\\nFor fine varieties, consult florists catalogues. The follow-\\ning can, however, be recommended. White Mrs. Hol-\\nford^ Snowflake^ Aiine. White, dark centre Fairest of\\nthe Fair, Viscountess F??ily?i, Earl of Shaftsbury. Peach\\nGreat Easte? n, Sal??ion, Ida. Reddish Scarlet Gen.\\nSimpson. Scarlet Defiance, Phejiomenon, Fox hunter, Lord\\nRaglan. Crimson Admiral Dundas, Jean Ba? t, Geant\\ndes Batailles. Purple Ariosto, Purple Kifig, Azucetta,\\nZampa. Blue Garibaldi.\\nVerbena Lemon. See Aloysia.\\nVeronica. Speedwell. [Scrophularineae.] A very large\\ngenus, consisting almost entirely of hardy perennials. About\\na score are insignificant annuals half a dozen are sub-aqua-\\ntics some half-dozen are shrubs requiring greenhouse pro-\\ntection and the rest are hardy perennials, most of the\\nlarger-growing of which are adapted for the mixed borders,\\nand are really showy with their long narrow close spikes of\\nflowers, usually blue. These latter may be said to require no\\nculture they grow with the greatest facility in garden soil of\\nof any description, increase extensively by partition of the\\nroots, and live through all the inclemencies of winter and the\\ndroughts of summer without suffering material detriment.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0434.jp2"}, "381": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 37 1\\nV. Caticasica (Caucasian) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers\\nblush, in July Caucasus 1816. V. crassifolia (thick-leaved)\\nhardy perennial 2^ feet flowers blue, in July Europe 1822.\\nV. elegans (elegant) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers pink, in\\nJune; south of France; 1822. V. formosa (handsome) half-\\nhardy evergreen shrub 3 feet flowers white, in April Van\\nDiemen s Land; 1835. V. glabra vaooX\\\\\\\\) hardy perennial\\n4 feet flowers blue or white, in July south of Europe 1804.\\nV, grandis (grand) hardy perennial 18 inches flowers white,\\nin August Siberia; 1826. V. hybi^ida (hybrid); hardy peren-\\nnial I foot flowers blue, in July England. V. i7icana (hoar}^);\\nhardy perennial; 2 feet flowers blue, in July; Russia; 1759.\\nV. incisa (cut-leaved) hardy perennial 2 feet flowers blue, in\\nJuly; Siberia; 1739. V. /oHgi/o/ia {long-\\\\ea.yed) hardy peren-\\nnial 3 feet flowers blue, white, or flesh-colored, in August\\nsouth of Europe 1731. V. panictilata (panicled) hardy peren-\\nnial 2 feet flowers blue, in June Russia 1797. V. salicifo-\\nlia (willow-leaved) half-hardy evergreen shrub 3 feet flowers\\nHlac, in September New Zealand; 1843. V. speciosa {^\\\\\\\\Qr^y)\\\\\\nhalf-hardy evergreen shrub 3 feet flowers purple or rose, in\\nJuly; New Zealand; 1835. Virgi7iica (Virginian); hardy\\nperennial 5 feet flowers white or flesh-colored, in July Vir-\\nginia 1 7 14.\\nVervain. See Verbena.\\nVesicaria. [Brassiceae.] Hardy annuals or perennials.\\nCommon soil. Multiplied by seeds, division, or cuttings,\\naccording to habit. V. utriculati is a beautiful rock plant.\\nV. grandiflo?-a (large-flowered) hardy annual i foot flow-\\ners yellow, in July Texas 1835. 7itric2{lata{h\\\\2idd.er) hardy\\nperennial i foot flowers sulphur-yellow, in May Levant\\n1730.\\nVetch. See Vicia.\\nViburnum. [Caprifoliaceae.] A genus consisting for the\\nmost part of hardy shrubs. The Guelder-rose, V. Opiihcs, is\\nver}^ familiar in shrubberies the bloom is white, in bunches", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0435.jp2"}, "382": {"fulltext": "S72 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nthat form complete balls, and, being abundant, is very effec-\\ntive. This is generally propagated from suckers, which come\\nup, like those of the Lilac, very freely. There is a great va-\\nriet}. of species, but few are so handsome as the Guelder-\\nrose. F. macrocephahwi and plkatum are, however, fine\\nshowy shrubs. Rich loamy soil. Increased by layers, cut-\\ntings, or suckers.\\nV. macroccphahun (large-headed) hardy shrub lo feet\\nflowers white, in May; China; 1845. Opuliis (Guelder-\\nrose) hardy shrub 8 feet flowers white, in May Britain.\\nV. p/icaium {p\\\\3.ited) hardy shrub 10 feet flowers white, in\\nMay; China 1845.\\nMany of our native species, such as K prunifoliiim, Len-\\ntago, dmtatum, and la?itanoides, are very handsome shrubs.\\nViciA. Vetch. [Leguminosae.] Hardy annuals or per-\\nennials. Common soil. Propagated by seeds or division.\\nViNCA. Perhainkk. [Apocynaceae.] Pretty, hardy, shrub-\\nby plants, always dwarf and evergreen, generally of trailing\\nhabit, and well adapted for covering the surface of the ground\\nin shady situations where little else will live. They are in-\\ncreased by separating the rooted trailing shoots. Common\\nsoil. V. rosea, and its variety alba, and octllata, are properly\\nstove shrubs, but do finely as bedding plants in rich soil, in\\na warm exposure they may be raised from seed in a hot-bed\\nor from cuttings. They should not be planted out until all\\ndanger of cold weather is over. Natives of East Indies.\\nV. herbacea (herbaceous) hardy evergreen trailing perennial\\n6 inches; flowers purple, in June Hungary; 1816. V. major\\n(greater); hardy evergreen trailing shrub; 18 inches; flowers\\nblue, in July England. V. minor (lesser) hardy evergreen\\ntrailing shrub i foot flowers blue, in May England.\\nThere is a variety with variegated leaves.\\nViola. Violet. [Violaceae.] A large genus of pretty", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0436.jp2"}, "383": {"fulltext": "GARDEX FLOWERS. 373\\nherbaceous plants, almost all of which are hardy. The\\nfirst to be mentioned is the Sweet Violet, V. odofafa,\\nof which the common wild forms should be planted in\\nabundance in every shrubber}^ for the sake of their sweet\\nblossoms. For general cultivation, the varieties known as\\nthe Neapolitan, the Russian, and the Tree-violet, are the\\nbest. The Russian is quite hardy, and requires only to be\\nplanted in rich soil, which must be renewed, in part at least,\\nannually. The others need higher culture. To grow the\\nXeapolitan a bed of rich light soil must be made up\\nand about the beginning of May, the old plants must be\\ndivided into t^vo, three, or more, according to their size.\\nThese young plants are put out, and carefully watered, when\\nnecessary, through the summer and are enher allowed to\\nbloom in these beds, some protection being afforded them to\\nkeep off heavy rains and frost, or they are taken up about\\nthe end of September, potted, and die pots kept in a cold\\ndr} frame during winter, with such other protection as the\\nseason renders necessar}-. They may be forced in frames\\nby the application of gentle heat and by this means, it is\\nno unusual thing, with the luxurious, to have violets all the\\nwinter. The Tree-violet is a double-flowered, dark variet}^,\\nwhich, if kept trained to a single stem, acquires the appear-\\nance of a miniature tree. This requires to be gro^^^l as a\\nhardy plant in frames the soil being turfy loam, decomposed\\ncow-dung, and leaf-moukl in equal parts. To secure the\\ntree-like habit, the crown of vigorous young plants must be\\nencouraged to push upwards by the removal of all lateral\\ngrowth otherwise this variet} spreads out its runners just\\nlike other violets. There are several other varieties of the\\nSweet Violet but these are the best. The whole genus,\\nwith one or two tender exceptions, are worth cultivating as\\nhardy perennials. They grow ver\\\\ freely in good garden", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0437.jp2"}, "384": {"fulltext": "374 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nsoil, preferring loam moderately rich. Increased by divis-\\nion. Those which grow with stems, like the Heartsease, or\\nPansy, should be frequently renewed from cuttings, which\\nshould, moreover, be, as far as possible, the young shoots\\nfrom the root, in preference to the tips of the older shoots.\\nPansy Viola tricolor). The numerous varieties of this\\npopular flower, frequently called Heartsease, originated from\\nthe common three-colored Violet. Like the varieties of the\\nPink, these require to be constantly renewed by striking cut-\\ntings for, as may have been observed by many who have\\ngrown them, the blooms come smaller and out of character\\nas the plants get larger and older. It is true, there are more\\nflowers on the plants when they enlarge but there is a great\\nalteration for the worse in their colors and forms. The\\nground in which they thrive most is good rich loam. They\\nshould be grown in beds six inches apart every way. The\\nside-shoots make the best plants. They should be stripped\\noff when they are two inches long and may be put into\\nthe ground half their length, and covered with a hand-\\nglass if the place be shady, so much the less trouble, but^\\nif not, the hand-glass must be covered so as to keep off the\\nhot sun the cuttings must be kept well watered till rooted.\\nTo have the Heartsease in perfection, there should be a con-\\nstant supply of cuttings and when they are struck, which\\nwill be seen by their beginning to grow, they should be very\\ncarefully lifted, so as to break none of their fibres, and\\nplanted out wherever they are to bloom, whether it be in the\\nborders or in beds. After they are planted out, they should\\nbe well watered. When the plants get large, cut them down\\nclose and all the shoots that come will make excellent cut-\\ntings. The Pansies, w^hich are of all sorts of colors, should\\nbe had in bloom all the year, except in winter, a succession\\nof young plants being raised for this purpose.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0438.jp2"}, "385": {"fulltext": "GARDEN FLOWERS. 375\\nV. Altaica (Altaic) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers pur-\\nple, in May Siberia 1808. V. blanda (charming) hardy per-\\nennial 6 inches flowers white, in May North America\\n1803. V. calcarata (spurred) hardy perennial 6 inches flow-\\ners bluish; in May; Switzerland; 1752. V. grandiflor-a (\\\\2xg(t-\\nflowered) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers yellow, in June\\nSwitzerland. V. hitea (yellow) hardy perennial 6 inches\\nflowers yellow, in June England. V. ochrolenca (yellowish)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers straw-colored, in June\\nNorth America 1800. V. odorata (common) hardy perennial\\n6 inches flowers blue or white, in May England. V. Palma-\\noisu (Palmer) half-hardy perennial i foot flowers purple-\\nhlac, in May; south of Europe; 1836. V. pahjiata (broad-\\nleaved) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue, in May\\nNorth America; 1752. V. parnassicefolia (parnassia-leaved)\\nhardy perennial 6 inches flowers yellow, in winter and spring\\nPatagonia; 1850. V. pedata (pedate) hardy perennial; 6\\ninches; flowers blue, in May; North America; 1759. V. Ro-\\nthomagensis (Rouen) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers blue,\\nin July France 1783. V. stricta (upright) hardy perennial\\nI foot flowers pale-blue, in May; Europe; 1822. V. tricolor\\n(three-colored) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers various, all\\nsummer Britain.\\nThere are many other species.\\nViper s Bugloss. See Echium.\\nViRGiLiA. [Leguminosae.] A fine hardy tree, producing\\nlong racemes of locust-like flowers, and very ornamental in\\nflower and leaf. Deep rich soil. Propagated by seeds and\\nlayers.\\nV. hitea (yellow) hardy tree 30 feet flowers white, in\\nJune North America.\\nVirginian Creeper. See Ampelopsis.\\nVirginian Stock. See Malcolmia.\\nVirgin s Bower. See Clematis.\\nViscaria. [Caryoph3dlaceae.] A small genus, allied to", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0439.jp2"}, "386": {"fulltext": "3/6 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nLychnis, containing some neat small-growing perennials, as\\nV. vulgaris, negkcta, Alpma, and Helvetica, forming pretty\\nrock-plants. These perennials are increased by carefully\\ndividing the dense tufts of branches which they form, re-\\ntaining a share of loots to each slip if possible, and treating\\nthe divisions rather as cuttings than as plants, by keeping\\nthem in a close frame until they begin to grow. These like\\na very open soil, containing pounded bricks or old mortar,\\nor any substance of similar texture. The genus also con-\\ntains two very showy hardy annuals, V. Cmli-rosa and oculata.\\nThese may be sown in the open borders with other hardy\\nannuals in May.\\nK ^/^/;z 3: (Alpine) hardy perennial 6 inches; flowers pink,\\nin May Scotland. V. Cosli-rosa (Rose of Heaven) hardy an-\\nnual 1 8 inches flowers rose, light eye, in June Levant 1713.\\nV. Helvetica {Swiss) hardy perennial 3 inches; flowers red,\\nin June; Switzerland; 18 14. V. neglecta (neglected); hardy\\nperennial 9 inches flowers white, in May England. V. ocu-\\nlata (dark-eyed) hardy annual 18 inches flowers rose, dark\\neye, in June; Algiers; 1843. V. Siiecica (Swedish); hardy\\nperennial; 6 inches; flowers pink, in June; Sweden; 1824.\\nV. vulgaris (common) hardy perennial i foot flowers pink,\\nin May; England.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0440.jp2"}, "387": {"fulltext": "X3t\\n:^r^^\\nE^M^\\n^^^l u^^\\n^^m\\n%^l\\n^P\\n^f;\\nwm\\n^Sm.^-\\n^^^1%\\nWAHLENBERGIA. [Campanulaceae.] Hardy or half-\\nhardy perennials and annuals. The latter should be\\nsown in heat in March, and potted or planted out to flower\\nthe former increase by division or seeds. Soil, sandy loam.\\nWall-Cress. See Arabis.\\nWallflower. See Cheiranthus.\\nWalnut. See Juglans.\\nWater-Lily. See Nymph^a.\\nWater-Plantain. See Alisma.\\nWater-Reed. See Arundo.\\nWeigela. [Caprifoliaceae.] Very handsome hardy de-\\nciduous shrubs. They are free-growing, striking readily from\\ncuttings or from layers, and grow vigorously in good garden\\nsoil. The blossoms, at first white, but changing to rose-\\npink, are produced, generally in great profusion, in spring.\\nIV. amabilis (lovely) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers pink, in\\nMay; Japan; 1852. W. rosea (rosy); hardy shrub; 3 feet;\\nflowers pink, in May; China; 1844. W. Middeiidorffiaiia\\nhardy shrub flowers white, shading to pale-yellow, spotted with\\ncarmine south of Russia 1856.\\nThere are other species, and a variet}^ with variegated\\nfoliage.\\nWashingtonia. [Coniferse.] A magnificent hardy ever-\\ngreen tree. Soil, loam. Increased by seeds. This tree\\nwill survive as far north as Massachusetts.\\nW. gigantea (gigantic) hardy evergreen tree 200 feet flow-\\ners deep purple, in July California 1844.\\nZ17", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0443.jp2"}, "388": {"fulltext": "S7^ GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nWhitlavia. [Hydrophyllaceae.] Hardy annuals, of or-\\nnamental character. Rich light soil. Increased by seeds.\\nIV. grandiflora (large-flowered) hardy annual 2 feet flow-\\ners deep purple, in July Cahfornia 1853.\\nWhitlow-Grass. See Drab a..\\nWhortle-Berry. See Vaccinum.\\nWillow. See Salix.\\nWiNDFLOWER. ScC AnEMONE.\\nWinter Aconite. See Eranthis.\\nWinter Cherry. See Physalis.\\nWistaria. [Leguminesae.] Hardy, vigorous-growing de-\\nciduous climbers. ^W. sinensis, formerly named Glycine sinen-\\nsis, is a perfectly hardy, climbing shrub bearing long racemes\\nof purplish-lilac flowers before the foliage is produced.\\nYoung plants, when newly planted, are often of slow growth\\nbut as soon as they get established they grow very rapidly.\\nThe flowers are, however, produced on spurs of the old\\nwood. It is propagated by layers, which root freely if pegged\\nunder ground any time during autumn.\\nW. fnitescens J hardy climbing shrub 20 feet flowers deep\\npurple, in summer; North America 1724. W. sijiensis (Chi-\\nnese) hardy climbing shrub 25 feet flowers lilac or white, in\\nMay China 1818 the white variety in 1846.\\nWitch Hazel. See Hamamelis.\\nWolfsbane. See Aconitum.\\nWoodbine. See Ampelopsis and Caprifolium.\\nWuLFENiA. [Scrophularineae.] Hardy herbaceous plants,\\nrequiring a dry soil. Propagated by seeds and division.\\nW. AmherstiancE (Amherst s); hardy perennial; 6 inches;\\nflowers lilac, in July Chinese Tartary 1846. W. Carinthiaca\\n(Corinthian) hardy perennial i foot flowers blue, in July\\nCarinthia; 1817.\\nWytch Elm. See Ulmus montanus.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0444.jp2"}, "389": {"fulltext": "XANTHIUM. Small Burdock. [Compositae.] A genus\\nof weedy plants of easy culture. The flowers are in-\\nconspicuous, but the foliage may be effective in masses.\\nThe species are X. strumarium^ Orientate^ spinosum.^ and echi-\\nnatum. Easily propagated by seeds.\\nXanthorhiza. Yellow-root. [Ranunculaceae.] A hardy\\nshrub, increasing rapidly by suckers. Soil, sandy loam,\\nrather moist. The dark-purple flowers are very pretty in\\nearly spring, and the foliage is delicate and prett}^\\nX. apiifolia (parsley-leaved) hardy shrub 3 feet flowers\\npurple, in May; North America; 1766.\\nXanthoxylum. [Xanthoxylaceae.] A hardy tree, grow-\\ning in any garden soil, and very easily propagated by seeds\\nX. f rax 171621771 (ash-like); hardy tree 15 feet; flowers white,\\nin April North America 1759.\\nThere are other species, mostly tender.\\nXeranthemum. [Compositse.] Hardy annuals of the\\ncomposite kind, now almost expelled from gardens by\\nthe ga3^er annuals from California and elsewhere. They\\nmust not be confounded with the showy yellow and white\\nEverlasting flowers (as they are called), which have been,\\nand indeed now are, sometimes named Xeranthemum.\\nThey are among the most easily cultivated of annuals, re-\\nquiring only to be sown about May in the open border, and\\n379", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0447.jp2"}, "390": {"fulltext": "380 GARDEN FLOWERS.\\nthinned out for flowering. A succession may be sown a\\nmonth later than the first sowing, if it is required.\\nX. aiimium (annual) hardy annual 3 feet flowers purple or\\nwhite,- in July south of Europe 1570.\\nXerophyllum. [Melanthaceae.] A genus of pretty but\\nrare half-hardy plants, with spikes of white flowers resem-\\nbling Helonias. The foliage appears withered, whence the\\nname. Good garden soil. Propagated by seeds.\\nX. setifolium (bristle-leaved) half-hardy perennial flowers\\nwhite, in June North America 1823. This plant is also known\\nas X. asphodeloides and X. tenax.\\nXylosteon. A subdivision of the Honeysuckle family\\n(Caprifoliaceae), including some of the shrubby Honeysuckles.\\nSee LoNiCERA.\\nXyris. Yellow-eyed Grass. [Xyridaceae.] A genus of\\nvery pretty yellow flowers, of which one species is very com-\\nmon in open sandy or peat bogs. If cultivated in a mass,\\nthe flower would be effective. Soil, peaty sand. Propa-\\ngated by seed.\\nX. biilbosa (bulbous) hardy perennial 6 inches flowers yel-\\nlow, aU summer North America. X. Caroliniana (Carolinian);\\nhardy perennial 18 inches; flowers yellow, in August; North\\nAmerica. X. fiinbriata is a Southern species.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0448.jp2"}, "391": {"fulltext": "YAM, Chinese. See Dioscorea batatas.\\nYarrow. See Achillea.\\nYellow-eyed Grass. See Xyris.\\nYellow Lily. See Hemerocallis.\\nYellow Pond-Lily. See Nymph^a.\\nYellow-root. See Xanthorhiza.\\nYellow Sultan. See Centaurea suaveolens.\\nYew. See Taxus.\\nYucca. Adam s Needle. [Liliaceae.] Fine exotic-looking\\nshrubs, some of them hardy others require some amount\\nof protection. They are aloe-hke, with narrow leaves, some\\ngrowing up with an erect stem, which, in time, becomes\\nforked and others being almost stemless, the leaves grow-\\ning close to the ground. The flowering stem in all is erect,\\nbearing a close panicle of large cream-colored, drooping,\\ntulip-like blossoms. They all grow in loamy soil, and the\\nhardy kinds have a fine effect planted sparingly in promi-\\nnent positions on rock-work.\\nY. aloifolia (aloe-leaved) half-hardy evergreen shrub 3 feet\\nflowers greenish-white, in August South America 1696. Y. an-\\ngustifolia (narrow-leaved) half-hardy evergreen shrub 2 feet\\nflowers greenish- white, in July; Missouri; 18 11. Y. draconis\\n(dragon) half hardy evergreen shrub 6 feet flowers white, in\\nAugust; South America; 1732. Y. Jilainentosa {ihvQdidiy) hardy\\nevergreen shrub 2 feet flowers greenish-white, in September;\\nVirginia; 1675. Y. glaucescens {g\\\\2LMC0ViS) half-hardy evergreen\\nperennial 2 feet flowers white, in July; North America 1819.\\n381", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0451.jp2"}, "392": {"fulltext": "382\\nGARDEN FLOWERS.\\nV. gloriosa (glorious) evergreen shrub 4 feet flowers green-\\nish white, in July; America; 1596. Y. reciirva (recurved);\\nhalf-hardy evergreen shrub 3 feet flowers greenish-white, in\\nAugust Georgia 1 794. Y. superba (superb) half-hardy ever-\\ngreen shrub 10 feet flowers white, in August history un-\\nknown.\\nThe only species perfectly hardy in New England is K\\nfilamentosa^ though the others occasionally survive. There\\nis no better plant for massing. The most effective manner\\nof growing this plant is to set about a dozen strong plants\\nin a large circular bed in a lawn, the soil being deep and\\nwell manured. The plants will display wonderful vigor of\\ngrowth, and will often send up flower-spikes eight feet high,\\ncovered with hundreds of blossoms. These spikes of bloom\\nare very effective by moonlight, and there is a foolish belief\\nthat the plant only blooms about the time of the full moon.\\nThe foliage should be protected by a slight covering of ever-\\ngreen boughs from the winter s sun. Seedlings vary much\\nin foliage.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0452.jp2"}, "393": {"fulltext": "^AUSCHNERIA. [Onagraceae.] A pretty plant for\\nbedding, though its blooming season is often shortened\\nby the frost. It forms a dense bushy mass, covered with\\nscarlet fuchsia or honeysuckle-like erect flowers. Garden\\nsoil. Propagated by cuttings and division. It requires\\ngreenhouse protection in winter in the Northern States.\\nZ. Calif ornica (Californian) half-hardy perennial i8 inches;\\nflowers scarlet, in August; California; 1847.\\nZenobia. See Andromeda.\\nZinnia. [Compositae.] A genus of Mexican annuals,\\nbearing flowers of many different colors, seedling varieties\\nhaving become numerous. The most ornamental species is\\nZ. elegans^ which grows best in peaty soil, and in a cool sit-\\nuation. The plant may be termed coarse, and is better-\\nlooking in moderate than in rich soil. The seed may be\\nsown in the open ground, or in heat, according to the time\\nit is desired to be in flower. When large enough, it may be\\nplanted out at once into beds a foot apart, or in the border\\nthree in a patch. When seed has been saved from a single\\nplant, and none, other has been near, the plants have come\\npretty constant to the parent but, generally speaking, in\\nthe seed that is purchased we obtain all the colors from\\nscarlet to light-pink and to dark-crimson, and all the shades\\nfrom dark-chocolate to light-purple and lilac. It is a diffi-\\ncult matter to produce, year after year, anything like con-\\n383", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0455.jp2"}, "394": {"fulltext": "/t\\n384\\nGARDEN FLOWERS.\\nstancy in annuals for the only way is to destroy all others\\nthat can cross the seed, or to isolate those for seeding, so\\nthat nothing can reach them. Muslin bags have been tried\\nwith some effect but it must be done very early. The\\ndouble varieties are brilliant ornaments of the garden, and\\ncome true from seed. They were introduced from India in\\n1858.\\nZ, elegans (elegant); half-hardy annual; 18 inches; flowers\\nvarious, in July Mexico 1829. Z. imiltifiora (many-flowered)\\nhardy annual 2 feet flowers dull-red, in August Mexico\\n1770.\\nZygadenus. [Melanthaceae.] A family of herbaceous\\nperennials, allied to Veratrum, natives of North America.\\nSoil, moist peaty loam. Propagated by division. Flowers\\ngreenish-white. Z. glaucus, IdmantJioidcs^ and glaberrimiis\\nare among the species.", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0456.jp2"}, "395": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0459.jp2"}, "396": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0460.jp2"}, "397": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0461.jp2"}, "398": {"fulltext": "y^ f\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a05 J?\\nHO\\n.0\\n_\\n.0\\nG^\\no V\\nX^^^.\\nP!^:^^\\nJ\\nv\\n,0-^", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0462.jp2"}, "399": {"fulltext": ".0 M .NJ", "height": "3437", "width": "2025", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0463.jp2"}, "400": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3730", "width": "2427", "jp2-path": "gardenflowershow01rand_0464.jp2"}}