{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4072", "width": "2530", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "Digitized by the Internet Archive\\nin 2011 with funding from\\nThe Library of Congress\\nhttp://www.archive.org/details/cubanindependencOOturp", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "r\\nF 1786\\n.T95\\nCopy 1\\nCUBAN INDEPENDENCE.\\nSPEECH\\nHON. DAVID TURPIB,\\nOF INDIANA,\\nSENATE OF THE UNITED STATES,\\nTUESDAY, APRIL 5, 189S.\\nWASHINGTON.\\n1898.", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "4\\n3\\n.7?r", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "SPEECH\\nOF\\nHOIST. DAVID TURPIE.\\nThe Senate having under consideration the following resolution:\\nResolved, That the Committee on Foreign Relations of this body be directed\\nto report at tbe earliest practicable moment, and without waiting for the\\nconcurrence or advice of any department of tbe Government, what action,\\nif any, in view of the loss of the battle ship Maine, and the destruction of the\\nlives of 266 American sailors, and in view of the well-known deplorable con-\\ndition of affairs in the Island of Cuba, is required from the Congress of tho\\nUnited States to sustain and vindicate the honor and dignity of this nation,\\nand to meet and answer the obligations of humanity imposed on this Gov-\\nernment as the result of the condition of affairs in said island, and that said\\ncommittee report by bill, resolution, or otherwise, as it may deem most ex-\\npedient\\nMr. TURPIE said:\\nMr. President: I have great regard for the continuity and\\nconsistency of public action and of niy own conduct in par-\\nticipating therein. I voted more than two years ago for the ac-\\nknowledgment of belligerency to the Cuban insurgents. More\\nthan a year ago I voted for and addressed the Senate in favor of\\nthe recognition of the independence of the Cuban Republic. This\\nmorning I am of the opinion in respect to our relations with the\\nKingdom of Spain and its former dependency, the Island of Cuba,\\nthat the consecutive steps of belligerency, recognition, and inter-\\nvention, heretofore forborne by the United States, ought now be\\nmassed at once and taken together as the only reparation for the\\nwrongs inflicted upon this Government and upon mankind by the\\noffenses of the Spanish monarchy.\\nWe are now witnessing the fourteenth year of the war for\\nCuban independence, for it must be recollected that this war\\nwas begun in 1S68 and lasted ten years. The truce which then\\ntook place did not occur by reason of the defeat of the revolution,\\nor, in other words, by the suppression of the rebellion, or by the\\nsurrender of the Cuban armies, or the cessation of armed resistance\\nagainst the Spanish Government.\\nThe pacification of the treaty of Zanjon occurred by reason of a\\nmutual agreement between the authorities of the Cuban Republic\\nof that time and those of the Spanish Government upon the Island\\nof Cuba, by which, under the terms of the treaty then made, it\\nwas solemnly agreed by Spain that within ten years\u00e2\u0080\u0094 along time,\\na very long time that within ten years, such period being given\\nwherein to carry out the promised reforms, there should be sub-\\nstantial self-government and local autonomy for the Cuban people\\nestablished in that island, and that African slavery in the island\\nshould be abolished. Those were the principal provisions of the\\ntreaty of pacification made at Zanjon in the winter of 1878 at the\\nconclusion of the first period of the war for Cuban independence.\\n3201 3", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "4\\nDuring the whole ten years afterwards no step was taken in exe-\\ncution of this mutual convention, except one the abolition of\\nslavery; and that was only taken in 1884, after an intimation from\\nthe Government of the United States and certain European pow-\\ners that that part of the convention of Zanjon must be complied\\nwith and executed.\\nIt was under that mediation that slavery was abolished in the\\nIsland of Cuba. That is the only provision of the compact which\\nwas undertaken and carried out by the Spanish Government.\\nEvery other was delayed and postponed. It was said by the royal\\nauthorities, We have not had time. We have had a variety of\\ninterests to confer about. We have had great questions in the\\nisland to consider. Give us yet more time beyond the limit of ten\\nyears. Seven years were not granted; but seven years were\\ntaken by the royal authority, by the Spanish Government, by the\\ncabinet at Madrid, to carry out the remaining stipulations of the\\ntreaty of pacification at Zanjon, and seven years were taken in\\nvain.\\nNo other action was taken by the Spanish Government. The\\nsame absolute oppression, the same exclusion of Cubans from all\\noffices of trust and profit, the same exclusive Spanish control of\\ncourts, the same denial to the Cubans of justice in those courts,\\nthe same oppressive system of taxation more severe than under\\nany civilized Christian government in the world, was continued\\nup to the last moment of the seven years, when the second period\\nof the war for Cuban independence became flagrant, the second\\nperiod of the same war waged for the same reasons, largely be-\\ntween the same persons, making now the fourteenth year of that\\nstruggle.\\nMr. President, the lapse of time, and the lapse of time alone,\\nemphasizes the duty of the American Congress to intervene, and\\nto intervene in such a manner as to make the pacification of Zan-\\njon a fact accomplished, and to declare and maintain the inde-\\npendence of the Republic of Cuba. For Spain was to forfeit her\\nsovereignty if she made default in this treaty. There is now a\\nrepublican government in that island. It has maintained itself\\nfor fourteen years in arms. It has an active corps of 35,000 men,\\nwell armed, drilled, and equipped. It has another corps of the\\nsame number, 35,000 men, equipped and drilled, liable at a mo-\\nment s call under the command of their president, but not armed\\nby reason of the want of guns and ammunition, the result of that\\nblockade which we have hitherto maintained in the interest of\\nSpain, creating an embargo against the revolutionists.\\nFor the maintenance of the authority of the republic a gov-\\nernment with a president and cabinet like our own, a govern-\\nment with a well-established revenue, a government with courts\\nhaving civil and criminal jurisdiction, a government having a sys-\\ntem of taxation, a postal system, and every other element of civil\\nnational life that government, sir, ought to be immediately rec-\\nognized.\\nMr. President, we have not only had this long- continued war\\nand this maintenance of the Republic of Cuba, bnt we have had\\nupon our side the same prolonged continuance of efforts in aid of\\nwhat are called our own neutrality laws. It has cost us millions\\nof money to take and maintain the position of neutrality; it has\\ncost us millions to shut away from the armies of the Republic of\\nCuba the supplies of ammunition which might perhaps have ended\\nthis struggle before now if we had not observed this neutrality.\\n3201", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "Again, sir, we have during this long period, during ths whole\\nfourteen years, been subjected to indignities, insults, and outrages\\nupon American property and upon American persons which, had\\nthey not been committed in the name of a friendly Government, had\\nthey not been committed under the auspices nominally of a Gov-\\nernment with which we were in amity, would have been in them-\\nselves cause for armed intervention at our hands.\\nAbove all, sir, during these last twelve months wherein events\\nhave quickened, the scenes in the drama of the Cuban revolution\\nhave changed and shifted rapidly. The cruel policy of concen-\\ntration determined, avowed, deliberately planned and executed\\nby the home Government of Spain\u00e2\u0080\u0094 has been pursued against the\\npeople of Cuba.\\nWe have seen 400,000 of those people driven from their homes,\\nplaced between the double dead line of the bayonet on one side\\nand famine on the other. Heretofore we have read of revolutions,\\nof the French Revolution, the guillotine, and the Reign of Terror,\\nbut in the Cuban revolution we have had the reign of death for\\ntwelve months death by famine, involving the slowest, the most\\nlingering, the most excruciating tortures known to human suf-\\nfering and mortality.\\nTwo hundred thousand have perished for the want of the nec-\\nessaries to the maintenance of life. They have perished by reason\\nof hunger. Give us this day our daily bread. Such is the\\nprayer of humanity to the All Father of the world, and He has\\nnever wearied in granting food to His children. It is only the\\nevil genius of the Spanish monarchy which would dare to deny\\nmen, women, and children which would dare to deny to child-\\nhood, to motherhood the bare necessaries of life. It is only the\\nMoloch of the Spanish monarchy which dared to say, Suffer the\\nlittle children to come unto me, that I may slay and devour them.\\nThis policy of concentration, sir, contrary to Christianity, con-\\ntrary to the law of nations, contrary to the rules of civilized war-\\nfare, a crime against the human race, has characterized this period\\nof twelve months. I feel very certain in saying beyond all con-\\ntradiction that if Spain were now to attempt to enter upon any\\nisland or any portion of this hemisphere and found a new colony,\\nwith the view of governing it under her sovereignty anddominion,\\nthe whole people of the United States would rise as they did in the\\ncase of Venezuela to support the President against that attempt;\\nand I do not see that there is any difference in principle between\\nallowing the Spanish monarchy to repeople the desert wild which\\nit has made in the Island of Cuba with a new population and the\\nfounding of a new colony elsewhere upon this continent. It is\\ndangerous to our peace and safety; it is a gross and unjustifiable\\nviolation of the Monroe doctrine; it is much more without excuse,\\nmuch more without justification, than the action of Great Britain\\nwith respect to the Venezuelan frontier.\\nBesides this general course of events, marked with so much\\nhorror and barbarity, there are particular incidents which accent-\\nuate the demand that we shall heed the voice of our neighboring\\nrepublic and the voice of humanity, asking us to come over and\\nhelp them, to rescue them from this impending ruin.\\nThere is what is called the De Lome affair, the affair of the\\nSpanish minister\u00e2\u0080\u0094 De Lome, a typical representative of that pol-\\nished address and duplicity which have marked Spanish diplo-\\nmacy in every era of the world, a typical representative of that\\n331", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "6\\naccomplished hypocrisy which can meet its victim smiling in the\\nface and behind his back with jeer, sneer, and hisses.\\nWith what a serious and earnest air the late Spanish minister\\napproached the President of the United States and the Secretary\\nof State to lay before him the papers and to explain to them in\\ndetail the system of Spanish autonomy for the future government\\nof the Island of Cuba! Yet at the same time that accomplished\\nemissary was turning his head over his shoulder saying to his\\nfriends in old Spain: This autonomy; it is a game, it is a ruse, it\\nis chaff, thin, worthless chaff; good enough to give to the people\\nand to the President of the United States.\\nBut the mask was torn from his face. The features of this hypo-\\ncrite were revealed in all their native deception and deformity.\\nThen he made his exit. Then he took his departure. But, sir,\\nhis resignation was accepted by the Spanish Government. He\\nwas subject to no reprimand or reproof. He is yet persona grata\\nin the court of the Queen Regent at Madrid, with a deliberate\\ninsult to the Government and people of the United States, an\\ninsult avowed and countenanced by the Government which sent\\nhim here as its representative, witnessed by his presence.\\nThen, again, we have what is called the incident of the Maine,\\nthe instant and stealthy destruction of a public war vessel of the\\nUnited States upon a peaceable and not unusual visit to the har-\\nbor of Havana, the harbor of Havana and the whole island being\\nat the time under the most rigid martial law which has ever been\\nproclaimed in any part of Christendom. Sir, that destruction,\\nthat deplorable loss, occurred without the slightest precaution\\nhaving been taken by the Spanish authorities to prevent it, and\\nwithout any effort to detect or to discover the actors in the crime\\nafter its accomplishment.\\nIf I recollect aright, sir, the destruction of the Maine occurred\\nduring the regime of autonomy. The system of Spanish autonomy\\nin Cuba had been inducted, inaugurated, and was in full opera-\\ntion at the time of the destruction of the Maine and the loss of\\nthe gallant men who perished with her. We are told that the\\ncolonial and royal officials attended the burial of the victim mar-\\ntyrs of the Maine. Were they real mourners?\\nYes, Mr. President, as real as De Lome, as sincere as the Span-\\nish minister. The crape they wore hid a secret, as the waters of\\nHavana Bay hid the mine and wire that wrecked the Maine and\\nher murdered crew. Here are insults, here are incidents and in-\\njuries which can not be repaired except upon such conditions as\\nthat they never can occur again, such conditions as shall forever\\nplace the harbor of Havana and Cuba, with all its land and waters,\\nbeyond the control and dominion of the Spanish Crown.\\nSir, there may be the acknowledgment of the independence of\\nthe Cuban Republic; there may be armed intervention and still be\\nno war, and yet be preservation of peace. It rests with Spain.\\nWe say to her, whether we declare it in one way or another,\\nSurrender Cuba; withdraw your naval and military forces; de-\\npart in peace. Spain has not earned that; is scarcely worthy of\\nit. She asks us, What are you willing to sacrifice for peace;\\nwhat are you willing to sacrifice for Cuban independence?\\nWe have given up the Maine; we have given up the slaugh-\\ntered heroes who once trod her decks all these are martyrs, glori-\\nous martyrs, in that cause\u00e2\u0080\u0094 if you will depart in peace; for I\\nbelieve that the loss of Havana and Cuba would be a stroke of\\nsuch serious detriment to the purse, pride, and power of the\\n3201", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "Spanish, monarchy that we might be willing to consider it as a\\nreparation for the wrongs and losses which it has inflicted upon\\nthe Government and people of the United States. But I would\\nhave no other reparation.\\nSo, then, there is that day of repentance, there is that alterna-\\ntive of peace, and it may be that Spain s last thoughts about Cuba\\nshall be her best, for it is to her a very grave alternative. The\\nSpanish monarchy has in that island and the subjects who have\\nacknowledged and supported it, millions of credits depending\\nupon this determination.\\nThe Spanish monarchy has millions of movable property the\\nvalue of which depends upon this determination. The Spanish\\nmonarchy has archives, records of courts, of deeds, of convey-\\nances, worth an immeasurable sum, the custody of which depends\\nupon the decision of that alternative. It does bring the cabinet\\nat Madrid to consider, and to consider upon great grounds, the\\ndifference between a peaceable departure and surrender of her\\nancient possessions in this hemisphere and a militaiw capitulation\\nat the end of the war. It does present a great alternative.\\nSir, in the old times, from 1861 to 1865, there used to be a great\\ndeal of discussion\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I have heard it in this Chamber as to what\\nwas the cause of the war. I think there was a unanimous conclu-\\nsion upon our side that slavery, if not the cause of the war, was\\nso nearly related to and so closely connected with it that peace\\ncould never be established without its final extinction and abol-\\nishment. What is the cause of the war now pending in the Island\\nof Cuba? What shall be the cause of the war anticipated between\\nthe United States and Spain?\\nThere is only one cause. That is the assertion and maintenance\\nof the right of the Spanish Crown to its sovereignty and dominion\\nin the Island of Cuba. That is the cause, and until that dominion\\nand sovereignty of Spain in the Island of Cuba are extinguished,\\nobliterated, there will be no peace; there can be no peace; there\\nshould be no peace. It is upon that alternative, and only that,\\nthat peace may come, in my judgment; may lawfully, righteously\\ncome to us as well as to them. The abandonment by Spain of her\\ngovernment in the island, with all its appended military and\\nnaval forces, is the only thing which can give us indemnity for\\nthe past and security for the future.\\n3201", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "015 819 613 ft \u00e2\u0080\u00a2I", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3452", "width": "2111", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "IIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0iii\\n015 819 613 A P,\\nConservation Resources\\nLig-Free\u00c2\u00ae Type I", "height": "3952", "width": "2470", "jp2-path": "cubanindependenc00turp_0012.jp2"}}