{"1": {"fulltext": "E7ZI\\n.M3\\nS^pcecK o{-\\nVlo(x. William Vi /l(l\u00e2\u0082\u00aco", "height": "3672", "width": "2450", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n013 785 890 3\\nHoUinger Corp.\\npH8.5", "height": "3766", "width": "2393", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": ".X s^^\\nCUBA MUST BE FREE.\\nThe life of Spain, extoiuling over two thousand years, is written iu innocent\\nblood, and is black with crime.\\nWeyler s rule was absolutism, temjiered alone by murder and modilied by\\nassassination.\\nTlie torch that has lighted Cuba so long must be extinguished, the shrieks of\\ndying womeu and childi-en must be hushed, broken henrts must be bound up,\\nwounds be healed, the prison pens be opened, and the people made free.\\nSPEECH\\nHON. WILLIAM V. ALLEN,\\nC--^ t IN THE\\nSEiNATE OF THE UNITED STATES,\\nTHURSDAY, MARCH 31, 1898.\\nWASHING-TON\\n1898.", "height": "3417", "width": "2059", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "V\\n72S31", "height": "2620", "width": "1747", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "o?\\nV\\nSPEECH\\nOF\\nHON. WILLIAM V. ALLEN.\\nThe Senate having under consideration the following resolution reported\\nfrom the Committee on Foreign Relations:\\nR..oh-ed That the President be requested, if not mcompatible with the\\npublic interest, to transmit to the Senate all of the const.lar correspondence\\nrelating to the conduct of the war in the Island of Cuba, the condition of the\\npeople, and other matters relating thereto\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nMr. ALLEN said:\\nMr. President: My zeal for Cuban independence is not new\\nborn, nor the growth of a mere night. I spoke for the liberation\\nof the Cuban people when it was by no means a popular thing to\\ndo, and I recall very distinctly at this time that several years ago\\nthe then senior Senator from Florida [Mr. Call] and I were appar-\\nently the only persistent and outspoken friends of the Cuban people\\nin this Chamber. We were indefatigable in our advocacy of in-\\ndependence and intervention. We were so persistent that we\\nincurred the displeasure of many Senators, some of whom I am\\nnow glad to know have become the sincere and fearless advocates\\nof independence. That I may prove the correctness of my state-\\nment, I will refer briefly to the record.\\nDecember 4, 1895, I introduced a resolution, of which this is a\\nparagraph:\\nThat the Government of the United States of America should promptly\\nrecognize the revolutionists of Cuba, who are now honestly strugghng to\\nsecure their independence of the Sp.-niish Government, as composing an in-\\ndependent nation and possessing the rights thereof according to the law of\\nnations.\\nAnd, in speaking in its support at that time, I said, among other\\nthings:\\nI am of the number who believe that this Government should promptly\\nrecognize the revolutionists of Cuba and assist them in all lawful ways to\\nsecure their independence of the Spanish Government and enable them to\\nestablish an independent republic. I would not have this Government\\nplunge headlong into a needless quarrel with the Spanish Government, but\\nI would lend every assistance that could be lawfully and properly given to\\nthe aspirations of the people of Cuba for a republican form of government.\\n3180", "height": "2906", "width": "1997", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "I believe it to be the true policy and the true doctrine of our country that\\nwhenever a people show themselves desirous of establishing a repiiblican\\norm of government upon any territory adjacent to us they should receive\\nour encouragement and support. If our form of government is the correct\\none-and of that I have no doubt-then its recognition or establishment in\\nother lands should be encouraged, and when an opportunity shall present\\nitself to us to lend this encouragement it should be promptly and effectually\\ngiven.\\nSpeaking to the same resolution December 11, 1895, I urged its\\nadoption.\\nFebruary 27, 1896, I said:\\nWhat is there to prohibit this Government, by proper act of Congre\\nwhether it be in the form of a joint or concurrent resolution, from declaring\\nthe acknowledgment of the existence of the Cuban Republic; and would\\nnot that be a recognition of the independency of that republic, although as\\na matter of fact it may not have yet succeeded in repelling the power that\\nassails it?\\nFebruary 28 I introduced this resolution:\\nResolved, That the President of the United States be, and he is hereby,\\nauthorized and requested to issue a proclamation recognizing the Republic\\nof Cuba as it exists under the constitution and form of government pro-\\nclaimed at Jimaguaya, under President Cisueros, in the month of May, A. D.\\n1895, as a free and independent nation, and according the envoy extraordinary\\nand minister plenipotentiary of said Republic all the rights and jn-ivileges\\naccorded to the envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary of the\\nGovernment of Spain.\\nAnd in its support said:\\nThe Cubans have an established republic. It may be feeble, it is true, but\\ncertainly those people are in possession of three-fourths of that island and\\nIts life is maintained by their valor.\\nWhen we declare that the Republic of Cuba is an independent and .sover-\\neign nation, it becomes such in the meaning of international law, so far as\\nwe are concerned, although its complete independence of Spain may not\\nhave been accomplished. If the conclusion reached by the Senator from\\nDelaware and the Senator from California is to be accepted as final, there are\\nno circumstances under which a struggling people can be recognized as inde-\\npendent until, unaided and alone, they are able to maintain a government\\nindependent of those again.st whom they are in revolt. This is not the inde-\\npendent government spoken of and recognized by international law.\\nAnd again:\\nMr. President, I would go further in the interest of humanity than these\\nresolutions propose to go. I would not only recognize the belligerent rights\\nof Cuba, but I would establish her as one of the republics of this earth. If\\nneed be. I would mu.ster every man in the United States and every war ves-\\nsel necessary to the accomplishment of the task, and I would erect on the\\nashes and ruins of Spain s control of that island a republic modeled after the\\ninstitutions of our own. Sir, I would not only do that, but, if I had it in my\\npower, I would admit the minister of the Republic of Cuba, feeble as it may\\nbe, unimportant in the eyes of the world as it may be, to the diplomatic cir-\\ncles at this capital upon terms of equality with the minister from Spain.\\nThe same day, the Senate having under consideration a concur-\\n3180", "height": "2927", "width": "1945", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "5\\nrent resolution reported from the Committee on Foreign Rela-\\ntions, declaring\\nThat the United States of America should maintain a strict neutrality be-\\ntween the contending powers, according to each all the rights of belligerents\\nin the ports and territory of the United States.\\nAnd\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThat the friendly offices of the United States should be offered by the\\nPresident to the Spanish Government for the recognition of the independ-\\nence of Cuba.\\nI offered as a substitute the resolution I have just quoted. A\\nmotion was made by Mr. Sherman, of Ohio, to lay my amendment\\non the table, and in support of it a yea-and-nay vote was taken,\\nand the amendment was defeated yeas 52. nays 17.\\nMarch 19, 18.06. in discussing the constitutional power and the\\nduty of the Government to recognize Cuban independence, I said,\\nin reply to the Senator from Louisiana [Mr. Caffery]\\nThe Senator from Louisiana, as I said, is talking upon a very important\\nquestion. Let it be conceded that authority may be found in international\\nlaw applicable to the case of a kingdom or an empire, where the power of the\\nexecutive is undoubted; but has the Senator any authority applicable to a\\nGovernment like ours, where the governing power rests in three coordinate\\ndepartments, which would lead him to believe that this high power is exclu-\\nsive in the executive department?\\nAgain, March 30, 1896, in combating the contention of the\\nSenator from Louisiana that the Supreme Court had jurisdiction\\nto determine a question of belligerency, I declared:\\nThat the i)ower to recognize the belligerency or political independence of\\na people is a purely political question with which the Supreme Court has no\\nconcern.\\nAnd I held, as I now hold, that it belongs to Congress, or, pos-\\nsibly in some instances, to Congress and the Executive together.\\nYet, again, March 23. 1896, in discussing the Cuban question\\nsomewhat at length, I said:\\nCertainly a state of war exists on tlje Island of Cuba. What is war? Mr.\\nPresident, it is simply an armed conflict between nations or between parts\\nof nations. It must be something that rises above a riot; it must be a rebel-\\nlion: and so far as Cuba is concerned, it is a rebellion, with a regular mili-\\ntary organization upon the part of the insurgents. If that is not a state of\\nwar in fact, then I am entirely mistaken in my conception of what consti-\\ntutes public war.\\nAnd further along:\\nMy understanding is that about two-thirds of the Island of Cuba, possibly\\nthree-fourths, is under the dominion of the insurgents under the command\\nof Gomez and Maceo and their followers. There is a distinct portion of that\\nterritory that has on its face as well equipped armies as could be expected\\nunder the circumstances, where the Republic of Cuba has absolute control\\nand dominion over life and property. That is a portion of the territory\\n3180", "height": "3141", "width": "1934", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "6\\nthrough which the Spanish forces do not march and over which they do not\\nexercise any control. There are well-equipped and drilled armies in the\\nfield under martial law. I have the number of troops here, to which I am\\ngoing to refer in a moment. If that does not constitute a state of war, ac-\\ncording to the definition of the books\u00e2\u0080\u0094 if war is to be fought according^ to\\nbooiis\u00e2\u0080\u0094 then I am mistaken in my understanding of what the books define\\nto be necessary to constitute war.\\nAnd again:\\nAre we to stand here until the Spaniards cut the throats of the Cubans,\\nand until the bloody events pass into the permanent history of the country,\\nbefore we take any notice of what is transpiring there? We know that a\\nstate of war exists there, and the only question, in my judgment, is whether\\nwe have the patriotism to say that those people in Cuba who are struggling\\nfor their liberty shall be recognized as belligerents and have equal oppor-\\ntunities with the people of Spain in this country and in the ports of this\\ncountry.\\nStill again:\\nIf the struggling patriots of Cuba are entitled to any recognition whatever\\nat our hands, why not give them that kind of recognition which will be of\\nbenefit to them? Why say to the people of Cuba who are waging this war\\nfor the preservation of their political rights, for the preservation of their\\nhomes, for the preservation of their wives and children, We sympathize\\nwith you, but we can not extend to you aid under these circumstances?\\nMr. President, it occurs to me that it would be no more cruel to place water\\nwithin the sight of a dying man upon a desert and to say to him, We sym-\\npathize with you, but we can not give you the water. If we stand here and\\nsuffer Spain to apply the knife to the throats of the Cubans, we will be justly\\nchargeable in the eyes of the civilized world with impotency and with cow-\\nardice. Why not put these resolutions in the form of a joint resolution?\\nWhy not send them to the President of the United States and say to him,\\nSign these resolutions, make them a part of the law of the country, or take\\nthe responsibility of inviting the adverse criticism of your countrymen?\\nA few days ago Senators in this Chamber, to use a phrase which probably\\nis not altogether parliamentary, were falling over one another to vote for\\nthe resolution. There was a wonderful burst of patriotism and patriotic\\nsentiment here, among Republicans and Democrats alike\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and Populists\\nwere inspired a little, too\u00e2\u0080\u0094 in order to demonstrate to the world by our votes\\nthat we not only sympathized with Cuba, but that we were willing, if need\\nbe. to afford her substantial aid under these distressing circumstances.\\nYet our patriotism has been sifting out from that moment to this, until it\\nis very doubtful whether the resolutions can pass here to-day. First came\\nthe senior Senator from Maine [Mr. Hale] antagonizing the resolutions,\\nthen the honorable senior Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. Hoar], and\\nfinally the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Relations, I guess, has\\nconcluded that it is about time for him to retreat, and we are offered the\\nresolution now before the Senate to recommit the Cuban resolutions for fur-\\nther consideration. I suppose that is the end of it.\\nFebruary 24, 1897, I introduced the following resolution:\\nResolved, That it is the sense of the Senate that the President should\\nspeedily and effectually protect the lives and liberties of peaceable American\\ncitizens residing or sojourning in Cuba, and that he should promptly insist\\nthat Spain in her war against her colonists in the Island of Cuba should con-\\nduct the same on principles of civilized warfare, eliminating all unusual and\\nunnecessary cruelty and barbarity; and for the enforcement of these reason-\\nol80", "height": "2927", "width": "1945", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "able and just requirements United States battle ships should be sent with-\\nout delay to Cuban waters.\\nAnd on the succeeding day, in discussing and urging its passage,\\nremarked:\\nIt seems to be conclusively established that the Spanish military authori-\\nties in Cuba are gathering up the little girls in that island and selling them\\ninto a species of slavery, the worst conceivable in the human mind, selling\\nthem to lives of shame. Above that and beyond that, it seems to be conclu-\\nsively established tliat Spanish soldiers have in one or more instances taken\\nlittle infants by the heels, held them up, and hacked them to pieces with the\\ndeadly machete in the presence of the mothers and the fathers, and then\\nhave destroyed the mothers and fathers themselves.\\nBut it does seem to me absolutely humiliating that a government of 72,000,-\\n000 people, claiming to be the most powerful government upon the face of the\\nearth, with all the means in its hands to settle this question, will sit idly and\\nsupinely here and make no effort to protect these people, these innocent little\\ngirls and children, who are being treated with this extreme barbarity from\\nday to day. Here is this decaying monarchy of Spain, a blot upon the map\\nof the world, a disgrace, Mr. President, to the present civilization of Europe,\\na disgrace to the civilization of the Western Hemisphere; and here is Con-\\ngi-ess, with this conduct going on almost within 100 miles of our shores, and not\\na substantial effort is put forth to check it. Mr. President, the time will\\ncome, and come speedily, unless we take prompt action in this matter, when\\na man will have to hang his head in shame for being an American citizen.\\nAgain, February 25, 1897, I said:\\nFor the purpose of testing the question whether we shall have war or\\npeace and whether there is any sincerity in these resolutions, I move that\\nthe Indian appropriation bill be temporarily laid aside and that the joint\\nresolution with reference to Julio Sanguily be taken up for consideration.\\nMay 11, 1897, the Senator from Alabama [Mr. Morgan] having\\nintroduced a resolution declaring that a conditioii of public war\\nexisted in Cuba and that neutrality should be maintained, I ob-\\nserved:\\nThe world knows that Spain has been guilty of atrocities that no civilized\\nnation can sustain either directly or indirectly. The cruelties have been\\nwithout a precedent in the last one hundred years of the world s existence.\\nThis Government has sent special agent after special agent to Cuba to ascer-\\ntain the truth, and yet when we want information from the State Depart-\\nment we have to seek it as supplicants, not as Senators charged with a public\\nduty and capable of discharging that duty. We have to appeal to the State\\nDepartment or to the executive branch of the Government for information.\\nRepeatedly the Senator from Alabama [Mr. Morgan] has told us what the\\nfacts are, and he is a member of the Committee on Foreign Relations; and\\nyet constantly we have this delay.\\nIs it possible that the United States by this indirection is willing to com-\\nmit itself to the Spanish policy of atrocity and cruelty?\\nIs it possible that the President of the United States, or those who may\\nrepresent him in this Chamber, are willing that these cruelties shall go on\\nand that the Senate shall not voice its conviction of Spanish cruelty in Cuba?\\nIf that is the policy, Mr. President, I feel confident that the people of the\\n3180", "height": "3141", "width": "1934", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "United States will condemn it. If that is the policy, it is a cowardly policy\\nfor any Administration to adopt. The joint resolution ought to be adopted\\nunanimously, without a dissenting voice.\\nDecember 8, 1897, I introduced this resolution:\\nResolved, That it is the sense of the Senate that Congress should, with all\\ndue and convenient speed, acknowledge by appropriate act the political inde-\\npendence of the Republic of Cuba\\nAnd, in support of it, said:\\nNotwithstanding the President has urged the contrary in his message, I\\nwould not be content or satisfied with a simple acknowledgment of the bel-\\nligerent rights of the people of that island, but I would demand absolute and\\nunconditional political libenty and a recognition of the government they\\nthemselves have formed and to whose sovereignty they owe allegiance.\\nThe American people believe in political and religious liberty, and they\\nare anxious to accord to others what they themselves esteem the birthright\\nof all, and I am confident they will not be content with the course advised\\nby this, as they were not with that pursued by the preceding, Administration\\nin withholding from Ciiba that priceless blessing.\\nAnd farther along:\\nWe have declared our unchangeable devotion to the doctrine that this\\ncontinent shall be tree soil and be trodden alone by freemen, and yet we sus-\\ntain the hold of a tottering and cruel monarchy, the institutions of which are\\npassing into decay and which is satisfied only when inflicting on a civilized\\npeople, struggling for their political independence, the most cruel torture.\\nIn His own good time, God will call us to account for such rank hypocrisy\\nand such a flagrant neglect of public duty.\\nFebruary 8, 1898, in speaking on the subject of Cuba, I remarked:\\nMy attention has been called to the fact that snico the opening of hostili-\\nties between the Republic of Cuba and the Spanish forces in that island\\n300,000 paciflcos have died by starvation and disease generated and directly\\ntraceable to the lack of suflicient food and sanitary conditions. I had a con-\\nversation a few days ago with a gentleman who is very familiar with the\\nisland and the conditions existing there, whose word can not be doubted and\\nwhose position warrants him in speaking with authority, in which he in\\nformed me that it was the custom of the Spanish Government to herd hun\\ndreds of families together in sheds and exposed positions, without any sani-\\ntary conditions whatever, starving them until disease as a result of their\\nstarvation intervenes, and that over 300,(X)0 of them had died in consequence\\nof that treatment.\\nMr. President, I have quoted freely from my resolutiony and\\nremarks, not to exalt myself in the eyes of anyone, but to show\\nthat in the years that have gone by I have steadfastly advocated\\nthe political independence embraced in the present discussion. J\\nhave never wavered in the belief nor lost faith in the fact that\\nultimately Cuba, by force of the public sentiment of this country\\nand of the civilized world and by the gallantry of her soldiers,\\nwould win her freedom and add her name to the republics of\\ntliis continent. I have at all times been convinced that sooner or\\n3180", "height": "2927", "width": "1945", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "later she would stand forth, perhaps weak at first, but ultiiuatoly\\nstrong, a splendid young republic added to the grand galaxy of\\nrepublics of the earth. In the hour of her deepest political night,\\nwhen there did not seem a ray of hope or a gleam of light, I felt\\nconfident that in the providence of (iod she would wrest her lib-\\nerty from Spain and proudly take her station in the ranks of seif-\\ngoverned peoples.\\nMr. President, nations, like men, that would accomplish great\\nresults must not grow weary; they must not hesitate; they must\\nnot turn back; they must not grow faint-hearted, but persistently\\npush on, determined to accomplish their high purpose, and bide\\nthe time when an awakened sense of right in the enlightened\\nworld will aid them.\\nDuring the years of Cuba s gallant struggle for liberty now\\nhappily, in my jiidgment, almost at an end there were those who\\nsaid our Governmajit ought to tender its good offices for auton-\\nomy under the Spanish flag, while others favored merely the rec-\\nognition of belligerency: but Cuba s true friends, penetrating the\\ncloud of darkness, foresaw the outcome of the unhappy and iin-\\nfortnnate condition then prevailing.\\nSir. we stand to Cuba as an elder 1)rother. We owe her a duty\\nwe can not honorably escape. To desert her at this time would\\nbe base cowardice\u00e2\u0080\u0094 a cowardice the people of the United States\\nand the men of other generations would not palliate or excuse. We\\nare the guardians of liberty on this continent. We must do our\\nduty without temporizing or hesitancy, not in a swaggering man-\\nner like the bravado or the bully: not in a way tliat will indicate\\nwe are moved by prejudice or by passion, but in a manner that\\nwill convince the world that we believe the time has come at last\\nwhen every foot of American soil occupied by the hideous mon-\\narchy of Spain should be wrested from her and be henceforth ded-\\nicated to the cause of human freedom.\\nI will not weary the Senate with lengthy remarks. I shall not\\ntake time to define my position, for I have defined it an infinite\\nnumber of times before. I stand now where I stood at the first\\nmoment the war began in favor of prompt, unconditional recog-\\nnition of the political independence of the Republic of Cuba.\\nOur ancestors declared to the world that all men are by nature\\n3180", "height": "3141", "width": "1934", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "10\\nfree and equal and entitled to certain inalienable rights, among\\nwhich are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. They did\\nnot confine themselves to the inhabitants of the colonies: they did\\nnot limit the declaration to the people of the Western Hemi-\\nsphere; but they held that all men, under whatever sun they might\\nbe born or on whatever soil they might live, were created free\\nand equal and entitled to life, liberty, and the pursuit of hai)pi-\\nness.\\nSir, I hold human freedom and the right of self-government to\\nbe as inalienable as the right to breathe the air or to enjoy the\\nsunlight, or any of the manifold gifts of God to his people. My\\nright to govern myself, if capable of doing so; to believe and act as\\nI will, not interfering with the like right of others, and to worship\\nthe Supreme Being in my own way is as inseparable from my ex-\\nistence as life itself. The right of self-government is God-given\\nand inalienable, and whoever violates it flies in the face of Provi-\\ndence and wrests from the individual the most precious gift of all.\\nMr. President, for forty years the children of Israel wandered\\niu the wilderness, fleeing from Pharaoh and his host of persecu-\\ntors and taskmasters. For forty years they sought religious and\\npolitical freedom in desert wastes. They fled from the land of\\noppression and bondage to the land of promise that flowed with\\nmilk and honey. Their great leader, in the nobleness of his na-\\nture, could not endure to see his people in slavery, compelled to\\nmake brick without straw for the Egyptians under the lash of\\ntheir cruel masters. To him was revealed the duty of leading his\\nbrethren and the hosts of Israel to the promised land. They\\nstarted on a journey made memorable by Biblical record a jour-\\nney unparalleled in the history of the world.\\nThey had no food for their sustenance, but He who sees even\\nthe sparrows fall fed them with manna and quail from on high.\\nTheir raiment was inadequate, but He who clothes the lily of the\\nfield wonderfully preserved their garments. Their cause was\\nright. They trusted to God, who guides the destiny of nations\\nand of individuals, and were delivered from the land of captivity\\nand bondage and founded a mighty nation, whose people have in-\\ncreased and spread throughout the earth.\\nMr. President, there is a striking similitude found in the con-\\ndition of the Cubans. Twice forty years they have struggled for", "height": "2927", "width": "1945", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "11\\nliberty and for freedom from Spanish masters. War has l een re-\\npeatedly waged, thousands of human lives have been lost. While\\nthe struggle was an unequal one, resulting in disaster to their\\ncause, they have been inspired by an unquenchable thirst for free-\\ndom by the example we furnished them, and they have persevered\\nuntil now they stand within the dawn of absolute independence\\nunder the guidance of the master hand of Maximo Gomez. Go-\\nmez will occupy a bright page in the history of his countrj% now\\nbeing rapidly written by current events, while Weyler s page will\\nbe made infamous by murder and assassination.\\nGomez, advanced in years, frail of body, but stout of heart and\\nresolute of purpose, can justly be ranked among the great com-\\nmanders and revolutionists of the century. Almost any other\\nman at his time of life would have sought repose rather than war,\\nbut he chose the field of glory whereon liberty is to be won or lost\\nforever for his countrymen. He spurned bribes and offers of posi-\\ntion at the hands of a cowardly Spanish dynasty. He is the firm\\nand steadfast friend of his people, and has smitten the rock that\\nwill cause political freedomi to gush forth and save a famishing\\nnation.\\nGomez, like his illustrious prototype, may not live to see the\\ncomplete deliverance of his people from the bondage of Spain.\\nHe may be permitted to view the promised land from some moun-\\ntain height and then be lost to the world forever and no man know\\nthe ijlace of his burial, but the memory of his deeds will live fresh\\nin the minds of the people as long as liberty has an abiding ijlace\\non earth.\\nThe life of Spain, extending over two thousand years, is written\\nin innocent blood and is black with crime. Who can turn to the\\nhistory of Cortez s conquest of Mexico from 1518 to 1531 and read\\nof the hundreds of thousands of inoffensive men and women who\\nwere slain without turning from the appalling account sick at\\nheart; or to Pizarro s expedition to Peru, where thousands of inno-\\ncent lives were sacrificed and the Inca foully murdered after hav-\\ning paid over 4,600,000 ducats as the price of peace for his country;\\nor to the account of the Duke of Alva in the Netherlands, whose\\ncrimes are so vividly portrayed by the historian Motley, without\\nbeing absolutely appalled.\\n;ii80", "height": "3141", "width": "1934", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "12\\nThis savage monster Prst established what is known in history\\nas the Blood Council. He destroj^ed all domestic judicial tribu-\\nnals, and before himself and his Blood Council the innocent peas-\\nantry were brought for trial; but they were not tried. Without\\nevidence and without hearing they were indiscriminately sent to\\nthe stake, to the rope, or to the funeral pile. The sickening ac-\\ncount of blood and death is thus related:\\nThus the whole country became a charnel house; the death hell tolled hourly\\nin every village; not a family but was called to mourn for its dearest relatives,\\nwhile the survivors stalked listlessly about, the ghosts of their former selves,\\namong the wrecks of their former homes. The spirit of the nation, within a\\nfew months after the arrival of Alva, seemed hopelessly broken. The\\nblood of its best and bravest had already stained the scaffold; men to whom\\nit had been accustomed to look for guidance and protection were dead, in\\nprison, or in exile. Submission had ceased to be of any avail, flight was im-\\npossible, and the spirit of vengeance had lighted at every fireside. The\\nmourners went daily about the streets, for there was hardly a house which\\nhad not been made desolate.\\nThe scaffolds, the gallows, the funeral piles which had been sufficient in\\nordinary times, furnished nov. an entirely inadequate machinery for the in-\\ncessant executions. Columns and stakes in every street, the doorposts of\\nprivate houses, the fences in the fields, were laden with human carcastes,\\nstrangled, burned, beheaded. The orchards in the country bore on many a\\ntree the hideous fruit of human bodies. Thus the Netherlands were crusked,\\nand, but for the stringency of the tyranny which had now closed their\\ngates, woiild have been depopulated.\\nMr. President, this is a most striking and vivid parallel of the\\ncareer of We3-ler. That monster went to Cuba with the delib-\\nerate and premeditated purpose of depopulating it by every known\\nprocess of extermination. The midnight darkness was made\\nlurid by the torch applied to the habitations of a peaceful peas-\\nantry and the inhabitants were shot down or hacked to death by\\nthe machete in the light of the consuming flames. Tho;se who\\nwere not engaged in the war and gave it no aid or sympathy, old\\nmen, innocent women, and sucklings, were destroyed indiscrimi-\\nnately.\\nWomen were violated in the most shocking manner and de-\\nstroyed, while orphaned children, as they wandered aimlessly\\nabout, were killed by an idle and reckless soldiery whose occupa-\\ntion is murder and whose pastime is pillage. The i)rison was the\\ntomb from which none were permitted to escape alive. There\\nwas universal destruction, devastation, mourning, and ashes.\\nFinally, being convinced that death was not speedy enough for\\nhis purpose, Weyler issued an order that all the pacificos should\\nbe concentrated at stated places, huddled together like animals,\\n3180", "height": "2927", "width": "1945", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "13\\nnot fiirnislied with food nor permitted to seek it for themselves,\\nand, having no sanitary conveniences, they became the victims of\\ncertain starvation until the record of mortality, as vre are in-\\nformed, has reached 500,000 souls.\\nWe have heard from the Senator from Vermont [Mr. Proctor]\\nfrom the Senator from New Hampshire [Mr. Gallinger] from\\nmy colleague [Mr. Thurston] and from the Senator from Mis-\\nsissippi [Mr. Money] vivid relations of the sad story of death\\nand devastation. In all history a more hideous and cruel charac-\\nter than Weyler can not be found. Cortez, Pizarro, the Duke of\\nAlva, and Weyler will stand forth in all ages as typical Spanish\\nsoldiers, and Weyler will be regarded as the most inhuman of all.\\nThey are the butchers of the past and present age. The sea-green\\nRobespierre in the palmiest days of the French revolution, when\\nheads were falling daily by the hundreds, was not more malicious\\nor more fiendish than Weyler in Cuba, but 90 miles from our shores.\\nIs it to be supposed that the American people, the Christian\\nconscience of the world, will longer submit to this wholesale mur-\\nder and assassination? Weyler s rule was absolutism, tempered\\nalone by murder and modified by assassination. The aim was\\ntotal extermination of the inhabitants of the island and a repeo-\\npling of that blood-soaked land by willing slaves from Spain and\\nother servile countries.\\nMr. President, I pass for a moment only to the sinking of the\\nbattle ship Maine. According to the recent ciistom of nations an\\narmed vessel is permitted to enter the port of a friendly power\\nand anchor at such place as may be designated by competent\\nauthority. The anchorage may be changed at the instance of the\\nnation owning the port. It is an act of courtesy recognized by\\ncivilized governments. It can not be doubted that when an\\narmed vessel of one nation enters the port of another and casts\\nanchor in her waters at a place designated by her authorities\\nthere is at least an implied guarantee that the place of anchorage\\nis reasonably safe and that no mine or outside explosive is concealed\\nbeneath the waves to send her to the bottom and the souls of her\\ninmates to eternity.\\nI am not disposed to discuss the painful circumstances of the\\ndestruction of the Maine and the loss of life incident thereto. It\\nis humiliating, it is mortifying, to say nothing of the inhumanity\\n318U", "height": "3141", "width": "1934", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "14\\nattending the act. I fully concur in the opinion that Spain must\\nbe made to atone for this wholesale murder, not by the payment\\nof money, for she does not possess gold enough to compensate\\nthe insult offered this nation, or for one precious human life lost\\nin the disaster of February 15. But she must compensate by\\nfreeing Cuba, by furling her dirty flag and leaving the Western\\nHemisphere never to return again; never, at least, while the Gov-\\nernment of the United States exists and exercises a controlling\\ninfluence in the politics of this continent.\\nMr. President, I am the jingo of jingoes. From the time the war\\nbroke out between Spain and Cuba I have been the steadfast and\\nuncompromising advocate of independence. I have never doubted\\nthat it would be won, although at times it looked dark; but that\\nultimately the Cubans would be able to wrest their freedom from\\nthe Spanish throne I have always thought certain, and they stand\\nto-day in hailing distance of a new and more perfect civilization.\\nWhatever adjustment is made of the Maiiie disaster, one thing\\nmust be definitely understood\u00e2\u0080\u0094 it must not be submitted to the\\narbitrament of foreign powers. Spain must reckon with the\\nAmerican people alone.\\nMr. President, possibly I would have exhibited better taste by\\nclosing my remarks in simply calling attention to the resolutions\\nI have offered and the speeches I have made on the subject of\\nrecognizing Cuban independence, but I have thought it not out of\\nplace to take a brief general view of the Cuban situation.\\nI rejoice to know that the American people have become aroused\\nto the extent that they will no longer listen to Spanish lying or\\ngive ear to Spanish threats. We are not a nation of braggarts;\\nwe do not seek war with Spain or with any other country. We\\nwill resort to arms only when our cause is just and when the en-\\nlightened judgment of the American people and of the world will\\napprove our conduct. But, sir, because we are peace loving it\\nmust not be thought we are unmindful of the duties imposed on\\nus or that our people are lacking in spirit. We at all times seek\\npeace rather than war. but not that kind of peace that is to be\\npurchased at any price, nor peace with Cuba in chains. In the\\nlanguage of the English ballad\\nWe don t want to fight, but, by jingo, if we do,\\nWe ve got the ships, we ve got the men, we ve got the money, toa\\n3180", "height": "2927", "width": "1945", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "15\\nIf Spain will hunt down and execute the deadly assassin r/ho,\\nnnder cover of darkness, sunk the battle ship Hkiine and sent,\\nwithout warning. 366 souls into the presence of their Maker; if she\\nwill relinquish her occupancy of Cuba, take down her flag from\\nthis continent\u00e2\u0080\u0094 a flag whose only claim to public attention is that\\nit is stained with twenty centuries of innocent blood, cruelty, and\\ncrime\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and leave American soil forever, we will be content. We\\nhave no greed for Spanish territory nor for Spanish gold. Our\\npolicy is that of a contented, domestic people. We do not want\\nCuba. We do not even desire to be her guardian. But we are\\ndetermined she shall be free and that for all time we will be\\nrid of the close proximity of a nation whose chief occupation is\\nthe shedding of innocent Idood.\\nThe torch that has lighted Cuba so long must be extinguished,\\nthe shrinks of dying women and children must be hushed, broken\\nhearts must be bound up. wounds be healed, the prison pens be\\nopened, and the people made free. Cuba, now draped in mourn-\\ning, must once more become the gem of the Caribbean Sea. and\\nwhen all these shall have been accomplished, speedily, let us hope,\\nthe American people can well afford to announce to the world\\nthat their account with the Spanish. Kingdom is forever closed.\\nSir. if I could have my own way, I would promptly recall our\\nminister from Madrid and give Spain s minister at Washington\\nhis passport. I would close forever the political, financial, and\\ncommercial relations of the twc nations, and not again permit\\nan armed Spaniard to set foot on American soil.\\nMr. President, it is well known that I am thoroughly and un-\\nalterably opposed to the President in most of his policies. It\\nwould be impossible for us to be brought together unless he should\\ncease to be a Republican and become a Populist, a thing he prob-\\nably will not do. I have no faith that our country can ever become\\npermanently prosperous by an application of the domestic policies\\nhe would enforce.\\nBut in this time of great national anxiety, when there is an im-\\npending cloud of war, as one of the Senators of one of the great-\\nest and best States of the Union, I am willing to give him my sup-\\nport and encouragement and aid him in tho solution of this\\ntroublesome question. In the presence of the grave circumstances\\n3180", "height": "3141", "width": "1934", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "LIBKHKY Uh CUNUKb^ib\\n013 785 890 3\\n16\\nnow confronting the American people all mere party differences\\nmust for the time be laid aside, and all American citizens, re-\\ngardless of political affiliation, stand together for the honor and\\nglory of their country.\\nSir, in all I have said in behalf of Cuban independence in the\\nyears gone by, from the time the subject first came to the notice\\nof Congress to this moment, my conscience has been my sole guide.\\nIt has been\\nA lamp unto my feet and a light unto my path.\\nI have said for the Cubans what I would say for any other na-\\ntion under like circumstances, and what I would want them to\\nsay for my country if positions were changed.\\nMr. President, 1 believe Cuba is free. 1 believe but a few more\\ndays and we will witness the flag of the new Republic, consecrated\\nby thousands of human lives, by so much blood, by the tears and\\ngroans of her people, the wailing of her womanhood and the sacri-\\nfice of her childhood, waving in triumph from Pinar del Rio to\\nSantiago de Cuba. Then we will be able to exclaim, as did one of\\nold:\\nThe Spirit of the Lord is upon me, Ijecause he hath anointed me to preach\\nthe gospel to the poor; he hath sent me to heal the broken hearted, topreach\\ndeliverance to the captives, and recovering of sight to the blind, to set at\\nliberty them that are bruised, to preach the acceptable year of the Lord.\\n3180", "height": "3359", "width": "2007", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\nmil iin llllilllllllirllin I\\n013 785 890 3\\nHoUinger Corp.\\npH8.5", "height": "3870", "width": "2585", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n013 785 890 3\\nHoUinger Corp.\\npH8.5", "height": "3771", "width": "2283", "jp2-path": "cubamustbefree00alle_0020.jp2"}}