{"1": {"fulltext": "s 7", "height": "5104", "width": "3348", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "W^7\\ns 7", "height": "4742", "width": "2804", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "n 1\\nHAWAII.\\nIt seems to me that it would be more than a blunder, that it would almost\\nbe a crime to refuse annexation.\\nSPEECH\\nOF\\nHON. HORACE G. SNOVER,\\nOF MICHIGAN,\\nIN THE\\nHOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,\\nTuesday, Junk 14, 1893.\\nWASHINGTON.\\n1898.", "height": "4742", "width": "2804", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "T\\ntf\\n39", "height": "4695", "width": "2680", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "o\\ny\\nv*\\ny\\nSPEECH\\nOF\\nHON. HORACE G. SNOVER\\nThe House having under consideration the joint resolution (H. Res. 359) to\\nprovide for annexing the Hawaiian Islands to the United States-\\nMr. SNOVER said:\\nMr. Speaker: It seems to ine that a glance at the map of the\\nworld and a careful study of the situation of the Hawaiian\\nIslands and their relations to the coasts of the Pacific Ocean\\nmust be followed by the conviction that possession and control\\nof them are absolutely essential to the United States. They\\nare a necessity to this Government. The logic of the events that\\nhave transpired in the present year has impressed this upon the\\nmind and judgment of every thinking man as never before. The\\ngentleman from Missouri [Mr. Clark] on Saturday last, in speak-\\ning upon this question, paid a well-deserved tribute to General\\nJackson and drew a glowing picture of the battle of New Orleans\\nand of the magnificent achievement of the conqueror of Florida,\\nwith inferior numbers of raw and undisciplined volunteers, over\\nthe seasoned veterans who had fought under the eye of Welling-\\nton in Spain, and closed the incident with the question, Did he\\nneed any island behind him?\\nI would without hesitation answer No. General Jackson,\\nhowever, like the skillful general he was, took advantage of every\\nresource in his control to make his position secure, to place every\\npossible obstacle in the pathway of the attacking foe, and obtained\\na great victory under apparently adverse circumstances. If the\\npossession of an island would have added in the slightest degree\\nto his military resources, or would have furnished an additional\\nmeans of defense to his army or country, the same iron will that\\n3159 3", "height": "4648", "width": "2680", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "afterwards, in 1833, nullified nullification would not have hesi-\\ntated to take an island or anything else to aid his purpose. And\\nright here let us look for a moment at the wonderful changes that\\nhave taken place since that time which have revolutionized mili-\\ntary methods and changed political theories.\\nThe battle of New Orleans was fought January 8, 1815. The\\ntreaty of Ghent was signed on December 24, 1814, two weeks\\nbefore, so that the bloodiest battle of the war of 1812 was fought\\nlong after the signing of peace articles, and had not the slightest\\ninfluence on the result.\\nThe news of the signing of the treaty of Ghent was not received\\nhere until some weeks after the battle, for the reason that com-\\nmunications over the ocean were only possible by means of sailing\\nvessels, the swiftest of which required from a month to six weeks\\nto cross the Atlantic. The power of steam for the propulsion of\\nvessels was practically unknown. It was not applied to railroads\\nuntil 1830, and the use of electricity for transmission of news did\\nnot commence until 1844. Since then space has been annihilated,\\nso far as the transmission of news is concerned, and for other pur-\\nposes far distant States and nations are as close together now as\\ntowns of adjoining counties were at that time.\\nThe signing of the treaty of peace between Spain and the United\\nStates, wherever it takes place, whether at London, Berlin, Paris,\\nSt. Petersburg, Geneva, or Hongkong, will be known in every\\nnook and corner of the globe within as many minutes as it re-\\nquired weeks to communicate the treaty of Ghent. One can now\\nconverse with his friend as if sitting by his side, even when so far\\napart as New York and Chicago; and the hour is near at hand\\nwhen oral conversation will be possible between London and San\\nFrancisco or Boston and Honolulu. Steam and electricity have\\nbecome the absorbing factors in all the problems of the age,\\nwhether military or civic, private or public, local or general.\\nIn all our wars with foreign nations up to the present difficulty\\nwith Spain our naval vessels were built of wood, and the motive\\npower was the wind, a power universal and omnipresent, accessi-\\nble to all nations and individuals, and ever ready to do the will of\\nthe mariner, whether in peaceful or warlike pursuits.\\nGiven free access to the motive power, an equal footing with\\n3459", "height": "4609", "width": "2689", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "competitors, American genius, ingenuity, and skill have always\\nbeen able to build ships of a speed and strength equaled by few of\\nthe modern nations and excelled by none. With wooden ships\\nand broad sails spread to the wind, manned by our hardy seamen\\nand commanded by men whose names will ever shine in history\\nand be household words throughout the Republic, the United\\nStates Navy covered itself with glory in our earlier wars.\\nThe Bon Homme Richard, the Constitution, the Wasp, the Pea-\\ncock, the President, are proud names in our early annals, and the\\nfame of John Paul Jones, Decatur, Hull, Bainbridge, Perry, and\\nMcDonough have not faded by the addition to the record of the\\nnames of the heroes of our civil war, Farragut, Porter, Gushing,\\nand Ericsson\u00e2\u0080\u0094 who won distinction in a new type of vessel and\\nwill not grow dim before the transcendent glory of the heroes of\\nthe present year, Dewey and Hobson. The clumsy man-of-war of\\nthe sixteenth century would have been able to defeat the multi-\\ntude of Roman galleys that battled for the control of the world at\\nActium.\\nNelson s flagship at Trafalgar would have been more than a\\nmatch for the fleets of Christian and Moslem that met at Le-\\npanto, and the battle ship of to-day, single handed and alone, could\\ndestroy the combined squadrons of France and Great Britain that\\ncontested for the supremacy of the Mediterranean at Aboukir.\\nHeavy guns, power of resistance to projectiles, and, above all,\\nspeed, are the essential elements in the naval contests of the pres-\\nent. Motive power obtained by harnessing the winds can no\\nlonger be relied upon. The wooden sailing frigate is obsolete.\\nThe efficiency of the modern naval squadron depends very\\nlargely upon its supply of coal and its ability to replenish its\\nsupx)ly as fast as it is exhausted. Without coal its motive power\\nis gone and its great guns useless. Such being the case, the\\nstrategic importance of the Hawaiian Islands as a coaling and\\nrefitting station for that part of our Navy stationed in the Pacific\\nOcean must be recognized, as well as the importance of prevent-\\ning its falling into the hands of those with whom future com-\\nplications may arise, in which case, instead of being a bulwark\\nof defense, it would be a vantage ground of offense and a menace\\nto our Pacific coast.\\n3159", "height": "4609", "width": "2689", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "President Tyler, as early as 1842, recognized the superior inter-\\nests of the United States in these islands, and said, in substance,\\nthat the Government should prevent any of the great powers from\\ngaining control of them. This was at a time when the importance\\nto us was infinitely less than now. If the United States annexes\\nHawaii, she will be able to advance her line of defense 2,000 miles\\nwestward from the Pacific coast.\\nIn 1823, when the celebrated Monroe doctrine was first promul-\\ngated, we had very little Pacific coast to defend, and under the\\nconditions of naval warfare at that time Hawaii was of no special\\nimportance to us. But their annexation to-day is in strict con-\\nsonance with every principle involved in the Monroe doctrine.\\nIt will do more to preserve America for Americans than many\\nmillions invested in battle ships, will make those already built\\navailable, and will make the islands a perpetual warning to all\\nhostile and prying powers to keep hands off the affairs of the\\nAmerican republics, great and small.\\nAnnexation has been favored by some of our greatest statesmen\\nand military commanders. Annexation is desired by the Hawaiian\\nGovernment itself. It is, I believe, eagerly hoped for by the\\ngreat majority of our people. The Delphic Oracle charged the\\nGreeks to depend on their navy, their wooden walls. The navy\\nof England has been her great means of defense and offense for\\nhundreds of years, and has given her the proud place she holds\\namong the nations. Our Navy has been a source of pride to us\\nfrom its very infancy.\\nSince the commencement of the present war with Spain it has\\nincreased our prestige a hundredfold, and has caused our flag to\\nbe honored and respected in the four quarters of the globe as never\\nbefore in our history. It seems to me that it would be more than\\na blunder, that it would be almost a crime, to refuse annexation\\noffered to us by a willing people and of so much importance and\\nvalue to us. Let us not be like the base Indian, who threw\\na pearl away richer than all his tribe. [Applause.]\\n3IC9", "height": "4609", "width": "2689", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "", "height": "4609", "width": "2689", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "Mt!5S. ARY 0F CONGRESS\\nllllilHlllIlWllIIIMDNl.\\n019 944 344 6", "height": "4752", "width": "2784", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "s 7", "height": "4752", "width": "2784", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n019 944 344 6\\nHollinger Corp.\\npH8.5", "height": "4991", "width": "3205", "jp2-path": "hawaiispeechofho00snov_0012.jp2"}}