{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3765", "width": "2116", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "GopghtN?..\\nCOPYRIGHT UiiPOSm", "height": "3468", "width": "2095", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3468", "width": "2095", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3468", "width": "2095", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "SCHOOL HISTORY\\nOF\\nNORTH CAROLINA,\\nFROM 1584 TO THE PRESENT TIME.\\nBY\\nJOHN W. MOORE.\\nSECOND EDITION-REVISED SND ENLARGED,\\nBY STATUTE OF ASSEMBLY, TO BE USED IN ALL THE PLTBLIC\\nSCHOOLS OF THE STATE.\\nRALEIGH:\\nALFRED WILLIAMS CO., Publishers.\\nUZZELL WILEY, PRINTERS.\\n1882.", "height": "3468", "width": "2095", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "f*\\nEntered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1881, by\\nALFRED WILLIAMS CO.,\\nIn the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.\\nC I", "height": "3504", "width": "2251", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "PREFACE.\\nIn submitting a new edition of this work to public uses, it may not be\\namiss that something should be said by the author regarding the changes\\nmade in the book. However kindly the reception of the first edition, it\\nhas been evident to those who have made use of that volume in teaching,\\nthat the style of the narrative might be somewhat improved and that tin-\\nmention of fewer names would be desirable.\\nSome of the most popular teachers of the State have been consulted as to\\nthe style best adapted to the school-room, and thanks are returned for their\\nvaluable suggestions.\\nIt lias been the aim of the author, in preparing this edition, to give only\\nsuch an account of the events, and the actors therein, as would be most\\nlikely to remain in the memory of youthful minds. With this view, the\\nmen and events that have really moulded our history and institutions are\\nmentioned, and mentioned as fully as is advisable in a work of such size\\nas suits the primary and intermediate classes in school.\\nIt is believed that both teachers and pupils will approve the changes\\neffected.\\nThe valuable History of Rowan County, by Rev. Jethro Rumple, and\\nmany other new sources of information, have been used in the preparation\\nof this edition; and great care, both in the writing and publication of the\\nbook, has been exerted to secure accuracy.\\nIt is almost impossible to make a perfect book, and there may be errors\\nin this one, but the author earnestly requests that he may be informed of\\nany mistakes that may be discovered, in order that they shall be corrected\\nin future editions. By these friendly suggestions and corrections, the work\\nwill be greatly improved from time to time, and its usefulness largely in-\\ncreased.\\nMany events have transpired within the borders of North Carolina.\\nwhich were not of local importance alone, l\u00c2\u00bbnt they were national in char-\\nacter. These things have been either ignorantly or intentionally over 1\\nlooked by nearly all the writers of histories of the United States for Bchools,\\nand we can preserve them in the minds of our children only by teaching\\nthem North Carolina history. Our people should never forget that:", "height": "3504", "width": "2251", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "IV PREFACE.\\nThe first open resistance to the Stamp Act was in Wilmington, in\\n1765, nearly six years before the tea was thrown overboard in Boston\\nharbor\\nThe first blood shed in the Revolution was at Alamance, in 1771, four\\nyears before the affair at Lexington\\nThe first Declaration of Independence was at Charlotte, in May, 1775,\\nfourteen months before the declaration at Philadelphia\\nThe first instructions of delegates for independence in the Continental\\nCongress, were those of North Carolina, agreed upon at Halifax, in April,\\n1776, long in advance of all others in America\\nThe first martyr to the Southern cause, was seen in the shed blood of\\nprivate Henry Wyatt, of Edgecombe county, slain at Big Bethel, in Vir-\\nginia, June 10, 1861. If North Carolina was deliberate on this occasion,\\nshe was, at least, the first of all the States to suffer.\\nThese are great honors which justly belong to the Old North State,\\nand we must not allow them to be deliberately taken from us, or robbed of\\ntheir weight as parts of the nation s past, by the prejudices and sectionalism\\nof modern writers of American history.\\nHoping that this little work will redound to the honor of the grand old\\nCommonwealth in whose behalf it was written, the author hereby returns\\nthanks for the kindness with which he has heretofore been treated, and\\nasks no higher guerdon than such public recognition that he has done some-\\nthing for the good of his native State.\\nRaleigh, N. C, November 1, 1881.", "height": "3504", "width": "2251", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER I.\\nTHE INDIANS. PAGE.\\nThe different Tribes in North Carolina Their Government\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Occupa-\\ntion Traits in War Relicts 1\\nCHAPTER II.\\nSIR WALTER RALEIGH.\\nEvents of the Sixteenth Century\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Queen Elizabeth\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Her Meeting\\nwith Walter Raleigh\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Bark Raleigh\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sir Humphrey Gilbert s\\nExpedition Loss of the Squirrel and Crew 6\\nCHAPTER III.\\nDISCOVERY OF AMERICA.\\nReturn of the Hind\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Queen s Second Grant\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Amadas and Bar-\\nlow s Expedition\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Wocoken Landing on the Shores of North Caro-\\nlina\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Visit of the Indians\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Kindness Returned\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Granganimeo\\nWingina, the Indian King Manteo and Wanchese go to England\\nReturn of the Mariners\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Delight of the Queen\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Virginia\\nRaleigh Elected to Parliament 10\\nCHAPTER IV.\\nGOVERNOR LANE S COLONY.\\nRalph Lane Appointed Governor of Roanoke Sir Richard Grenville\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nThe City of Raleigh\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Exploring Indian Towns\u00e2\u0080\u0094 An Indian Story-\\nGovernor Lane s Search for Gold\u00e2\u0080\u0094 A Savage Attack\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Wingina s\\nPlot and its Failure\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Sir Francis Drake\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Return of Lane s Colony, 15\\nCHAPTER V.\\nGOVERNOR WHITE S COLONY.\\nSir Richard Grenville Leaves Fifteen Men on Roanoke\u00e2\u0080\u0094 rovernor\\nWhite s Colonv\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Lord of Roanoke Birth of Virginia\\nDare Governor White s Return to England\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Invincible\\nSpanish Armada Croatan The Lost Colonv\\nCHAPTER VI.\\nTHE FATE OF RALEIGH.\\nDeath of Queen Elizabeth\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Succession of King James\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Arrest, Con-\\nviction, Imprisonment and Execution of Sir Walter Raleigh\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Settle-\\nment of Jamestown\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Religious Persecutions in Virginia\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Roger\\nGreen s Colony\\nI D", "height": "3504", "width": "2251", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "VI CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER VII.\\nKING CHARLES II AND THE LORDS PROPRIETORS. PAGE.\\nChanges in the English Government The Lords Proprietors\\nEarl of Clarendon Earl of Shaftsbury Sir William Berkeley\\nCarolina Named The Albemarle Colony Condition of the\\nProvince 30\\nCHAPTER VIII.\\nGOVERNOR DRUMMOND AND SIR JOHN YEAMANS.\\nKing Charles II William Drummond, the Governor of Albe-\\nmarle Death of Governor Drummond The new Grant of 1665\\nSir John Yeamans The Clarendon Colony George Dnrant\\nNavigation ,_ 35\\nCHAPTER IX.\\nGOVERNOR STEPHENS AND THE FUNDAMENTAL CONSTITUTIONS.\\nGovernor Stephens appointed The Government Earliest Recorded\\nLegislation The Albemarle Precincts Locke s Grand Model\\nThe Navigation Act and the Fundamental Constitutions 39\\nCHAPTER X.\\nEARLY GOVERNORS AND THEIR TROUBLES.\\nGovernor George Cartwright Eastchurch and Miller Miller As-\\nsumes Charge of Affairs in Carolina John Culpepper Replaces\\nMiller 43\\nCHAPTER XI.\\nLORD CARTERET ADDS A NEW TROUBLE.\\nSeth Sothel sent to Govern Carolina Philip Ludwell and Alexander\\nLillington Governor Robert Daniel Troubles About the State\\nChurch 47\\nCHAPTER XII.\\nTHOMAS CAREY AND THE TUSCARORA WAR.\\nGovernor Carey Disappoints his Constituents Governor William\\nGlover s Betrayal Rival Governments Governor Edward Hyde\\nArrives The Tuscaroras Begin War Baron de Graffenreid and\\nJohn Lawson Colonel John Barnwell Aids the Province Colonel\\nJames Moore Defeat of Handcock Yellow Fever Death of Gov-\\nernor Hyde Governor Thomas Pollock 51\\nCHAPTER XIII.\\nGOVERNOR EDEN AND BLACK BEARD.\\nTom Blunt and his Reservation The Tuscaroras in South Carolina\\nColonel Maurice Moore Aids the South Carolinians Edward\\nTeach, the Pirate Lieutenant Robert Maynard and Black-Beard\\nThe Battle 56", "height": "3504", "width": "2251", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS. VI T\\nCHAPTER XIV.\\nGOVERNOR GABRIEL JOHNSTON. PAGE,\\nGovernors Pollock and Reed North Carolina s Counties\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Governor\\nGeorge Burrington Burrington and Everhard Pight in Edenton\\nPurchase of North Carolina by the King The Sing Returns Gov-\\nernor Burrington Governor Gabriel Johnston A Peaceful Ruler\\nDr. John Briekell s Expedition North Carolina Troops Sent to\\nSouth America Carthagena Scotch Emigrants Flora McDonald\\nNorth Carolina s Prosperity 60\\nCHAPTER XV.\\nTHE PIRATES AND OTHER ENEMIES.\\nPirates in the Cape Fear Defence of the People at Brunswick The\\nFirst Printing Press The First Newspaper Wachovia Governor\\nMatthew Rowan French Fortifi cations Fort Du Quesne Colonel\\nJames Innes Sent to Aid the Old Dominion Promotion of Col-\\nonel Innes The Virginians Offended Return of the Expedition... 65\\nCHAPTER XVI.\\nGOVERNOR ARTHUR DOBBS.\\nReligious Growth Colonel Hugh Waddell and the Cherokees Wil-\\nliam Pitt Increase of Population Exports in 1754 Tower\\nHill Francis Corbin War against the Extortioners 69\\nCHAPTER XVII.\\nGOVERNOR TRYON AND THE STAMP ACT.\\nGovernor William Tryon Arrives Miss Esther Wake Life in Albe-\\nmarle Rev. George Whitfield The Stamp Act Trouble in Wil-\\nmington with the King s Agents The Stamps Arrive A Storm\\nBrewing Repeal of the Stamp Act 73\\nCHAPTER XVIII.\\nGOVERNOR TRYON AND THE REGULATORS.\\nExtension of the Settlements Burdensome Taxation Colonel Ed-\\nmund Fanning Herman Husbands The Regulators Trouble\\nat Hillsboro Tryon to the Rescue Tryon on the War-path The\\nBattle of Alamance 77\\nCHAPTER XIX.\\nGOVERNOR MARTIN AND THE REVOLUTION.\\nGovernor Tryon Departs Major Josiah Martin Becomes Governor\\nColonel John Harvey Committee of Correspondence Governor\\nMartin s Opposition The First Provincial Congress Dawn of the\\nRevolution 81", "height": "3504", "width": "2251", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "VIII CONTEXTS.\\nCHAPTER XX.\\nLAST OF THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT. PAGE.\\nThe Second Provincial Congress Lexington Excitement at Char-\\nlotte The Mecklenburg Declaration of Independence Death of\\nColonel Harvey The Provisional Government Flight of Gov-\\nernor Martin 86\\nCHAPTER XXI.\\nTHE REVOLUTION.\\nTories and Whigs Preparations for War Battle of Moore s\\nCreek Effects of this Victory 90\\nCHAPTER XXII.\\nINDEPENDENCE DECLARED.\\nThe Halifax Congress Independence Declared at Philadelphia The\\nCouncil of Safety Excitement in North Carolina Troops\\nOrdered to Charleston Indian Massacre in the West General\\nGriffith Rutherford North Carolina Constitution Adopted Gov-\\nernor Richard Caswell The New Government 94\\nCHAPTER XXIII.\\nTHE WAR CONTINUED.\\nOpinions of the Leaders North Carolina Troops at the Nortli Gen-\\neral Abner Nash Battle of Brandywine Germantown Courts\\nEstablished Fall of Savannah 98\\nCHAPTER XXIV.\\nSTONY POINT AND CHARLESTON.\\nBattle of Brier Creek Stony Point Major Hardy Murfree Gov-\\nernor Abner Nash Capture at Charleston Lord Cornwallis Defeat\\nof Colonel Buford at Waxhaw 102\\nCHAPTER XXV.\\nTHE MEN OF THE MOUNTAINS AND THE BATTLE OF CAMDEN.\\nBattle of Ramsour s Mill Flat Rock Hanging Rock and Musgrove s\\nMill General Horatio Gates Surprise of Colonel Armand s Com-\\nmand Battle of Camden 106\\nCHAPTER XXVI.\\nTHE INVASION OF CORNWALLIS.\\nColonel Patrick Ferguson Exploit of Colonel Davie and Major Gra-\\nham at Charlotte Colonel Campbell, of Virginia, put in Command\\nBattle of King s Mountain Death of Colonel Ferguson North\\nCarolina again Free of Invaders General Nathaniel Greene 110", "height": "3520", "width": "2147", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS. IX\\nCHAPTEK XXV I r.\\nCORNWALLIS LAST INVASION. PAGE.\\nGeneral Greene s Plan of Operations Battle of Cowpens General\\nGreene Begins the Famous Retreat Rise of the Catawba General\\nMorgan Leaves the Service Cowan s Ford and Torrence s Tavern\\nGeneral Greene at Salisbury Mrs. Elizabeth Steele s Generosity\\nRise of the Yadkin River General Greene Crosses the Dan\\nRiver End of the Famous Retreat 114\\nCHAPTER XXVIII.\\nBATTLE OF GUILFORD COURT-HOUSE.\\nCornwallis at Hillsboro Pyle s Hacking-Match Affair at Whit-\\nsell s Mill Lieutenant Colonel Wilson Webster s Bravery Battle\\nof Guilford Court-House Flight of Cornwallis North Carolina\\nRedeemed David Fanning Governor Thomas Burke 118\\nCHAPTER XXIX.\\nINDEPENDENCE ACKNOWLEDGED.\\nCornwallis Leaves Wilmington Major James H. Craig Colonel\\nDavid Fanning Attack on Colonel Philip Alston s House Defeat\\nof Colonel Wade at McFall s Mill Governor Burke Captured\\nBattle of Lindley s Mill Battle of Elizabethtown Major Craig\\nTakes his Departure 122\\nCHAPTER XXX.\\nPEACE AND INDEPENDENCE.\\nTreaty of Peace Governor Burke Escapes Governor Alexander\\nMartin Payments to North Carolina Soldiers 126\\nCHAPTER XXXI.\\nTHE STATE OF FRANKLAND.\\nDavid Caldwell and Samuel E. McCorkle s Schools North Carolina s\\nGreat Gift to the General Government The Gift Rejected Col-\\nonel John Sevier The State of Frankland Troubles in the\\nWest Disappearance of the New State 130\\nCHAPTER XXXII.\\nFORMATION OF THE UNION.\\nDivisions The Federalists and the Republicans Delegates to\\nthe Philadelphia Convention North Carolina Rejects the Federal\\nConstitution\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Constitution Adopted The University Created.. 134\\nCHAPTER XXXIII.\\nFRANCE AND AMERICA.\\nDeath of Governor Caswell Governor Alexander Martin The Capi-\\ntal Located at Raleigh Governor Richard Dobbs Spaight 138", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER XXXIV.\\nTHE FEDERALISTS AND REPUBLICANS. PAGE.\\nThe Superior Courts Death of Judge Spencer Corner-stone of the\\nUniversity Laid The First Faculty and First Student James\\nGlasgow and the Land Frauds 142\\nCHAPTER XXXV.\\nCLOSING OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.\\nGeneral William R. Davie Nathaniel Macon Prominent Lawyers\\nCourt Changes Governor Benjamin Williams Eli Whitney and\\nthe Cotton Gin The Great Revival 146\\nCHAPTER XXXVI.\\nGROWTH AND EXPANSION.\\nThe Bingham School Internal Improvements Demanded General\\nJames Wellborn s Proposition The War of 1812 150\\nCHAPTER XXXVII.\\nSECOND WAR WITH GREAT BRITAIN.\\nGovernor William Hawkins North Carolina s Soldiers Defences\\nCaptain Johnson Blakeley Captain Otway Burns Colonel Joseph\\nGraham and the Creek Indians Peace 154\\nCHAPTER XXXVIII.\\nAFTER THE STORM.\\nThe Moravians Trade of the Towns Dr. Joseph Caldwell The\\nChurches The Supreme Court Bartlett Yancey 158\\nCHAPTER XXXIX.\\nTHE WHIGS AND THE DEMOCRATS.\\nConstitution Troubles The Slavery Question Visit of General\\nLa Fayette Slavery Troubles 162\\nCHAPTER XL.\\nCONDITION OF THE STATE.\\nEastern and Western Divisions in North Carolina The Western Con-\\nvention of 1823\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Convention Bill Burning of the Capitol\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094The Convention of 1835\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Governor Edward B. Dudley 166\\nCHAPTER XLI.\\nTHE COURTS AND BAR.\\nThe Dismal Swamp Canal Supreme Court Judges The Bar of North\\nCarolina 170", "height": "3520", "width": "2147", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "CONTENTS. XI\\nCHAPTER XLII.\\nORIGIN OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. PAGE.\\nSchools Incorporated Educational Fund The Literary Board Col-\\nleges Established Salem and Saint Mary s Schools 174\\nCHAPTER XLIII.\\nSLAVERY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT.\\nThe Free Negroes Slavery Laws Harsh Legislation The Northern\\nStates and Slavery Religious Changes 178\\nCHAPTER XLIV.\\nTHE MEXICAN WAR.\\nGovernors Branch and Morehead Governor William A. Graham\\nSoldiers in the Mexican War Captain Braxton Bragg Gallant\\nOfficers 182\\nCHAPTER XLV.\\nTHE NORTH CAROLINA RAILWAY AND ASYLUMS.\\nGeneral Expansion The Raleigh Gaston Railroad Wilmington\\nWeldon The North Carolina Railroad Proposition A Close\\nVote Miss Dorothea Dix Important Changes in the Laws 186\\nCHAPTER XLVI.\\nA SPECTRE OP THE PAST RE- APPEARS.\\nGrowth of the Educational Institutions Governor Charles Manly\\nDeath of James K. Polk Freedom or Slavery The Fugitive\\nSlave Law 190\\nCHAPTER XLV1I.\\nTHE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL STATUS.\\nCotton and Woolen Factories Established Peruvian Guano Division\\nin the Churches The Know Nothings Slavery Issues 194\\nCHAPTER XLVIII.\\nPRESIDENT LINCOLN AND THE WAR.\\nGovernor David S. Reid Trouble Brewing Secession of South Caro-\\nlina President Lincoln Calls upon North Carolina for Soldiers\\nNorth Carolina Secedes Governor Henry T. Clark War 199\\nCHAPTER XLIX.\\nTHE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES.\\nForces Organizing The First Southern Martyr Manassas The Bra-\\nvery of North Carolina Troops Capture of Fort Hatteras 204\\nCHAPTER L.\\nTHE COMBAT DEEPENS.\\nBattle of Roanoke Island Colonel Henry M. Shaw The Fall of\\nNew Bern Capture of Fort Macon North Carolina s Losses at Wil-\\nliamsburg and Seven Pines 208", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "XII CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER LI.\\nTHE WAR CONTINUES. PAGE.\\nGovernor Z. B. Vance Fighting at Plymouth Battle of Kinston\\nFighting on Neuse River General Foster s March Toward Golds-\\nboro 213\\nCHAPTER LI I.\\nWAR AND ITS HORRORS.\\nDetermination of both Sides Mason and Slidell Scarcity of Pro-\\nvisions The Ad-Vance Manufacture of Salt Depreciation of\\nConfederate Money Suffering Edward Cooper 217\\nCHAPTER LIII.\\nTHE DEATH WOUND AT GETTYSBURG.\\nAttack on Washington North Carolina Promotions Eminent Phy-\\nsicians Miss Mary Pettigrew Chancellorsville Gettysburg\\nNorth Carolina s Losses Sorrowful Survey Colonel Spear s\\nCavalry Raid\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Cry of Distress 222\\nCHAPTER LIV.\\nGENERAL GRANT AND HIS CAMPAIGN.\\nGeneral Robert E. Lee Ex-Governor Thomas Bragg The Confed-\\nerate Senate Educational Matters Ministers Recapture of\\nPlymouth by General R. F. Hoke General Grant s Losses Reams\\nStation 227\\nCHAPTER LV.\\nNORTH CAROLINA AND PEACE-MAKING.\\nZebulon B. Vance and William W. Holden Peace Propositions\\nStorming of Fort Eisher Fall of Fort Fisher\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Losses 232\\nCHAPTER LVI.\\nTHE WAR DRAWS TO A CLOSE.\\nGloomy Prospects Second Battle of Kinston General Johnston s\\nArmy Federal Hordes Battle of Averasboro Federal Defeat at\\nBentonsville Surrender of General Lee Sad Reflections 236\\nCHAPTER LVII.\\nCONCLUDING SCENES OF THE WAR.\\nGeneral Johnston s Report General Sherman Enters Raleigh Mur-\\nder of Lieutenant Walsh Conference Between Johnston and Sher-\\nman Assassination of Lincoln President Andrew Johnson Sur-\\nrender of General Johnston General Schofield Military Governor\\nof North Carolina\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Freedom of the Slaves Arrest of Governor\\nVance W. W. Holden Provisional Governor 240", "height": "3520", "width": "2147", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "CONTEXTS. XIII\\nCHAPTER LVIII.\\nREFITTING THE WRECK. PAGE.\\nRuin in North Carolina Federal Aid Federal Seizure of North\\nCarolina Cotton The Supreme Court The Convention of 1865\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nGovernor Jonathan Worth -Oaths of Allegiance Sectional Hatred, 245\\nCHAPTER LIX.\\nGOVERNOR WORTH AND PRESIDENT JOHNSON.\\nSketch of Andrew Johnson His Leniency Towards the South Con-\\ngressional Troubles The Literary Fund The Union League\\nand the Ku-Klux-Klan Agricultural Matters The Convention\\nof 1868 Governor Holden Restored to Office Reckless Expendi-\\nture by the Legislature The Swamp Angels 249\\nCHAPTER LX.\\nTHE RESULTS OF RECONSTRUCTION.\\nThe Troubles Caused by Congress\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The University Prostrate-\\nChanges in the Legislature Political Animosities --Deeds of the\\nUnion League and Ku-Klux Murder of John W. Stephens\\nThe Shoffner Bill The Kirk War The Judiciary Exhausted\\nJudge George W. Brooks Settles the Troubles 253\\nCHAPTER LXI.\\nTHE IMPEACHMENT OF GOVERNOR HODDEN.\\nArticles of Impeachment Governor Tod R. Caldwell The Great\\nImpeachment Trial North Carolina Represented in Congress\\nInternal Improvement Railroads 258\\nCHAPTER LXII.\\nRESUMPTION OF AUTONOMY.\\nConstitutional Changes Proposed Growth of the Towns and Villages\\nOxford Orphan Asylum The University Closed Peace Insti-\\ntute Presidential Campaign Animosities Waning 262\\nCHAPTER LXIII.\\nTHE COTTON TRADE AND FACTORIES.\\nEffects of the Cotton Gin\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Edwin M. Holt s Factory\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Falls of Tar\\nRiver Cotton Factory Colonel Thomas M. Holt and the Granite\\nMills\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Growth of the Holt Factory\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Cotton Mills of Alamance 266\\nCHAPTER LXIV.\\nDURHAM AND THE TOBACCO FACTORIES.\\nImportance of the Tobacco Industry Early Culture and Preparation\\nJ. R. Green and his Tobacco Factory A Loss Turned into a\\nBlessing W. T. Blackwell Co. The Largest Tobacco Manufac-\\nturers in the World Kindred Enterprises Durham 271", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "XIV CONTENTS.\\nCHAPTER LXV.\\nPROGRESS OF MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT. PAGE.\\nColonel L. L. Polk The Fish Hatchery Improved Method of Catch-\\ning Fish The Garden Crops Pea Nuts and Rice The Growth of\\nWilmington Navigation in the Cape Fear New Bern and its Trade\\nGovernor Z. B. Vance 275\\nCHAPTER LXVI.\\nTHE CAPITAL CITY AND ITS RECENT GROWTH.\\nCommercial Interests Raleigh and its Business Growth Prominent\\nMerchants\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Tucker Brothers R. B. Andrews Co. Alexan-\\nder Creech Thomas H. Briggs Sons Kindred Hardware Estab-\\nlishments The Cotton Exchange The Israelites of North Caro-\\nlina 279\\nCHAPTER LXVII.\\nTHE RAILROADS AND NEW TOWNS.\\nThe Important Railroad Lines The Railroads of the West Win-\\nston Charlotte and its Growth Asheville\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Mines\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Wallace\\nCo Gensing The Fruit Growers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Scuppernong and Ca-\\ntawba Grapes\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Moonshiners 284\\nCHAPTER LXVIII.\\nLITERATURE AND AUTHORS.\\nEarly Historians Literature Literary Men of Revolutionary Days\\nDr. Hugh Williamson\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Francois Xavier Martin and his History\\nJoseph Seawell Jones The Defence Literary Men of the Pre-\\nsent Century Latter Historians School Books\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Rev. Jethro Rum-\\nple\u00e2\u0080\u0094Law Books\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gifted Women\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Able Editors 289\\nCHAPTER LXIX.\\nTHE COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS.\\nThe University Reorganized Dr. Kemp P. Battle Wake Forest\\nCollege Davidson College Trinity College The Female Semi-\\nnaries Schools for Boys The Normal Graded Schools\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Shaw\\nUniversity and Estey Seminary St. Augustine Normal School 295\\nCHAPTER LXX.\\nCONCLUSION.\\nNorth Carolina Bonds United States Senators Congressional Appro-\\npriations\u00e2\u0080\u0094Governor Thomas J. Jar vis Supreme Court Judges\\nThe Public Charities Mining Interests Hidden ite Sectional\\nHostilities Assassination of Preisdent Garfield Indignation Meet-\\ning at Raleigh Death of the President Concord Restored to all\\nSections Hope of North Carolina.. 300\\nAPPENDIX.\\nConstitution of North Carolina 307\\nQuestions on the Constitution 335", "height": "3520", "width": "2147", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "HINTS TO TEACHERS.\\nIt is a well known fact that almost any subject can be more thoroughly\\ntaught when both the eye and mind of the pupil are used as mediums for\\nimparting the knowledge; and the teacher of North Carolina History\\nwill find a very valuable help in a wall map of the State hung in con-\\nvenient position for reference while the history class is reciting.\\nRequire the pupils to go to the map and point out localities when men-\\ntioned, also places adjoining; trace the courses of the rivers which have a\\nhistorical interest, and name important towns upon their banks. A good,\\nreliable wall map of North Carolina can be procured at a moderate price.\\nIt has been deemed well to make the chapters short, that each may form\\none lesson. At the close of each chapter will be found questions upon the\\nmain points of the lesson. These will furnish thought for many other\\nquestions which will suggest themselves to the teacher.\\nThere are many small matters of local State history, both reliable and\\ntraditional, which can be given with interest to the class, from time to time,\\nas appropriate periods are reached. These minor facts could not be in-\\ncluded in the small compass of a school book, but a teacher will be helped\\nvery much by referring occasionally to Moore s Complete History of\\nNorth Carolina.\\nInspire your pupils with a spirit of patriotism and love for their native\\nState. A little effort in this direction will show you how easily it can In-\\ndone. In every boy and girl is a latent feeling of pride in whatever per-\\ntains to the welfare of their native State, and this feeling should be culti-\\nvated and enlarged, and thus the children make better citizens when grown.\\nThe history of our State is filled with events, which, when told to the young,", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "XVI HINTS TO TEACHERS.\\nwill fix their attention, and awaken a desire to know more of the troubles\\nand noble deeds of the people who laid the foundation of this Common-\\nwealth.\\nThe Appendix contains the present Constitution of North Carolina.\\nThen follows a series of Questions on the Constitution, prepared expressly\\nfor this work by Hon. Kemp P. Battle, LL. D., President of the University\\nof North Carolina. This is an entirely new and valuable feature in a school\\nbook, and contains almost a complete analysis of our State government.\\nThis is just the information that every citizen of North Carolina ought to\\npossess, and teachers should require all their students of this history to\\nread and study the Constitution and endeavor to answer the questions\\nthereon.\\nNo other State in the Union possesses a record of grander achievements\\nthan North Carolina; her people have always loved liberty for themselves,\\nand they offered the same priceless boon to all who came within her\\nborders; and it was a full knowledge of this trait of our people which\\nmade Bancroft say North Carolina was settled by the freest of the free.", "height": "3520", "width": "2147", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER I.\\nTHE INDIANS.\\nThat portion of America, now known as the State of North\\nCarolina, was once inhabited by Indians. For many ages\\nbefore Columbus came across the seas, they had held undis-\\nputed possession of all the Western Continent, except those\\nArctic regions where the Esquimaux (JEs ke-mo) dwelt.\\n2. Nearly a century had gone by since the Spaniards had\\nbegun their settlements, and yet, north of St. Augustine (Aw f\\ngus-teen in Florida, not a white man was to be found.\\nCortez (Kor tez) and Pizarro (Pe-zar o) had founded great\\nStates in Mexico and Peru, but the vast region stretching\\nfrom the Rio Grande (Re-o Grahn dee) to the St. Lawrence\\nwas still only the home of red men and the wild beasts of the\\nforest.\\n3. There were many different tribes and languages to be\\nfound among the Indians. In North Carolina, the Tuscaro-\\nras (Tus-ca-ro rahs) lived in the east, the Catawbas (Ca-taw f\\nbas) in the middle, and the Cherokees (Cher-o-kees in the\\nwestern portion of the territory as now defined. There were\\nCorees (Co-rees r Meherrins (Me-her rins), Chowanokes\\n(Chow-ah7i-okes and other small tribes in the east, but they\\nwere weak in numbers and occupied but a small portion of our\\npresent State limits.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "Z HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n4. The treacherous Tuscaroras were a portion of a power-\\nful race known as the Iroquois (Ir-o-quoy The other\\nfive nations of this family dwelt in the lake country of\\nNew York, and were the most daring and dangerous confed-\\neration among all Indians then known to the white people.\\nThese Iroquois of the North were generally friendly to the\\nEnglish, but waged almost ceaseless war upon the French and\\na tribe of Indians called the Algonquins (Al-gon quins).\\n5. The Tuscaroras were generally to be found in the coun-\\ntry watered by the Roanoke (Bo f an-oke f and Neuse (Nuse)\\nRivers, and were very restless in their natures. It is not\\nknown when they separated from their northern friends.\\nThey kept up amicable relations with them, and messengers\\nand embassies were often passing between the banks of the\\nRoanoke and the settlements oir the lakes.\\n6. The Catawbas roamed over the fair region through\\nwhich flow the Catawba and Yadkin Rivers. Westward of\\nthem were to be found, in the mountains, the numerous bands\\nof the Cherokees. Amid the towering peaks and along the\\nbeautiful French Broad and other rivers, lived and hunted\\nthese simple children of the hills. They were generally dis-\\nposed to peace, and were averse to leaving the paradise they\\ninhabited for the dangerous honor of the war-path.\\n7. The Indians were, in many respects, a peculiar people.\\nThough ignorant and savage, they were not idolaters. They\\nbelieved in one God, whom they called the Great Spirit. 7\\nThey were not shepherds or farmers, for they had no domestic\\nanimals but dogs, and their corn fields were but insignificant\\npatches, cleared and cultivated by their women. They cleared\\nthese little patches of land by burning down the trees, and\\ntheir plow was a crooked stick, with which they scratched", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "THE [NDIAN8.\\nover the ground for planting the corn. The men hunted, and\\nfought with other tribes, but disdained to be found engaged\\nin any useful labor.\\n8. Such habits made necessary large areas of land for the\\nsubsistence of the people. All of the tribes were thus jealous\\nof the intrusion of others upon their hunting grounds. So,\\nwhenever one found another getting closer than usual there\\nwas war. They all thus lived lives of continual terror and\\napprehension not knowing when some enemy would kill and\\nscalp every person in the tribe.\\n9. The Meherrins lived in the fork of Meherrin and\\nChowan (Chow-ahn Rivers. They were long at war with\\nthe Nottoways (Not to-ways), who lived in Virginia, south of\\nJames River. The Meherrins at last left their old men,\\nwomen and children, and went on the war-path against their\\nenemies, who happened to be approaching them on a similar\\nerrand. They chanced to miss each other, and the Nottoways\\nthus found the lodges of their foes completely undefended.\\nThey slew every human being in the captured lodges the\\nMeherrins left their old homes in despair and disappeared in\\nthe west. This happened after many white people were living\\nin the Albemarle (AVbe-marV) country.\\n10. Such a state of society necessitated the control of one\\nleader; so the Indian tribes were governed by chiefs, who\\nled them to battle and in pursuit of game. Some of these\\nchiefs, like Powhatan (Pow-a-tan f and King Philip, were\\nmen of marked ability, and greatly extended their power\\nover other tribes. AVhen a chief died his son succeeded to\\nhis office only when fitted for the place if weak or cowardly,\\nsome other brave was chosen, and in this way the honor was\\nnot hereditary.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "4 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n11. The Indians had no knowledge as to the working of\\niron. They had only bows, arrows, stone tomahawks and\\nsuch weapons for war. They lived in small communities for\\nprotection, but had no cities, because of the impossibility of\\nfeeding large numbers at one point. They held it a part of\\ntheir religion to seek vengeance for all injuries, real and im-\\naginary. They had no pity on captives, no reverence for\\nhelpless age, and were strangers to the sentiments of honor\\nand justice. They were brave, yet much given to cunning and\\ntreachery. They rarely forgot benefits or forgave injuries.\\n12. Many relics of these savages are yet to be found in\\nalmost every county throughout the State. Broken pieces of\\npottery, arrowheads and tomahawks are often plowed up in\\nthe fields and mounds of various sizes, made by the Indians,\\nare still seen in some sections. There had long been a tradi-\\ntion among the Indians that, in the course of time, pale-faced\\nstrangers from beyond the seas would possess their land;\\nand, after ages of petty warfare among themselves, as the\\nsixteenth century drew to its close, they were to be confronted\\nby men who built ships that withstood the ocean s storms, and\\nshook the solid earth with the roar of their artillery.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. Who were the original inhabitants of the country now known as\\nNorth Carolina?\\n2. Who had made settlements on the American continent a century\\nbefore this period What two great men were leaders in making those\\nsettlements\\n3. Give the location of the various tribes of Indians in North Carolina.\\n4. Who were the Tuscaroras W 7 hat was the feeling of the Indians\\ntoward the white people\\n5. In what part of North Carolina were the Tuscaroras found What\\nwere their habits", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "THE INDIANS. 5\\nO. What tribes were found in the western portion of the State? What\\nwere their habits?\\n7. What kind of people were the Indians? How did they cultivate the\\nsoil?\\n8. Give further description of their habits?\\n9. Where was the home of the Meherrin Indians? The Nottoways?\\nWhat were the relations existing between these two tribes\\n10. Describe the government of the Indians?\\n11. How did they live What were some of their traits in war?\\n12. What relics of the Indians are still to be found in the State?\\nWhat tradition existed among the Indians? How was that tradition\\nbeginning to be fulfilled", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER II.\\nSIR WALTER RALEIGH.\\nA. D, 1570 TO 1583,\\n1570. The sixteenth century of the Christian era was one\\nof the most wonderful periods in the world s history. The\\nprinting presses scattered books and knowledge over Christen-\\ndom, a larger liberty in religious matters was achieved by the\\nReformation, and daring navigators sailed with their ships\\ninto a thousand regions never before visited by civilized men.\\n2. The Portuguese and Spaniards sent expeditions to many\\nlauds. In America, thousands of men and women were living\\nwho had come from Europe, or had been born of white\\nparents since the first settlements in the West Indies, Mexico\\nand Peru. As Columbus had discovered the new world with\\nSpanish ships, the kings of that country laid claim to all the\\ncontinent.\\n3. England, in that time, was ruled by Queen Elizabeth,\\nwho began her reign in 1558. Ireland and the small islands in\\nthe British Channel were the only dependencies of the Crown.\\nScotland was still an independent monarchy. With a few\\nmillions of subjects and this small territory as her realm, this\\nqueen was in great danger of dethronement and death. The\\nPope, the Catholic kings and her own people belonging to the\\nChurch of Rome, denied her title to be queen, and sought her\\noverthrow and that of the Protestant religion she upheld.\\n4. Amid so many dangers and difficulties, Queen Elizabeth,\\nby wisdom and prudence, not only managed to defend herself,\\nbut became one of the greatest rulers of any age. She devoted", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "SIR WALTER RALEIGH.\\nher energies to the government of her people, and, though\\ncourted by many princes, would never marry, for fear such a\\nrelation would impair her usefulness as a queen.\\n5. Among her greatest gifts as a ruler, was her clear insight\\ninto the characters of men. She knew whom to employ as\\nher agents, and was rarely deceived as to how far she could\\ntrust them in- a season so full of treason and danger. But\\nthis great queen, who humbled the most powerful monarchs,\\nand in whose presence the sternest men would sometimes\\ntremble, was, after all, a very vain woman. Nothing pleased\\nher more, even in her old age, than praise of her personal\\nappearance.\\n6. One evening she was walking at the head of a procession\\ncomposed of ladies and gentlemen of her Court, when she\\nencountered a muddy place in her pathway. The stately\\nqueen paused a moment, seeming in doubt as to whether she\\nshould step in the mud or pass around. A handsome young\\nman, who was standing near by, snatched a velvet cloak from\\nhis shoulders, and, throwing it in the mud for Her Majesty to\\nstep upon, she passed over with dry feet.\\n7. Queen Elizabeth was charmed with the readiness and\\ncourtesy of the youth. She made inquiries concerning him,\\nand found out that it was young Walter Raleigh (Raio lee),\\nwho had just come to London from his home in the country.\\nIt was the beginning of his fortunes at Court, and he soon\\nwon the queen s confidence and respect.\\n8. This young Walter Raleigh had many noble and gener-\\nous qualities. He was, by nature, brave and patient, and, by\\ndiligence, soon became a great and learned man. He was a\\ngallant soldier, a skillful navigator and the statesman who\\nwas first to conceive the plan for extending the British", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "8 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nEmpire into its present vast limits. While serving as a\\nsoldier in behalf of the French Protestants, he heard and\\nread so much of the wondrous lands in the west, that he\\nresolved that England should share in the glory and profit of\\nfuture discoveries.\\n1578\u00e2\u0080\u009483. 9- When Raleigh went back to England he\\ncommunicated his desires and feelings to his half-brother, Sir\\nHumphrey Gilbert, who had made reputation as a comman-\\nder of ships. In the year 1578, the queen granted leave to\\nthese two men to sail in search of lands ,yet undiscovered by\\ncivilized nations. In 1583 they sent out a vessel called the\\nBark Raleigh, which was compelled to return in a few days,\\non account of disease among the crew.\\n10. English sailors, at that date, were easily discouraged in\\nefforts to navigate the Atlantic Ocean. They had never\\ncrossed it, and were full of superstition concerning super-\\nnatural horrors awaiting him who ventured too far to the\\nwest on that unknown and mysterious sea.\\n11. Again, in 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, with three\\nships, ventured out upon the great and unknown waste of\\nwaters that lay to the west of their island homes. He dis-\\ncovered the Island of Newfoundland (Nu f fund-land and\\nsailed southward. Off the coast of Maine he was overtaken by\\na storm which sunk one of his ships. This disaster induced\\nhim to turn his prows for the voyage homeward but the\\nstorm continued, and the darkness and horrors of the sea\\no-rew tenfold worse, when they found themselves amid drift-\\ning icebergs. Brave Sir Humphrey, from the decks of his\\nship, the Squirrel, to the last cheered the men of her consort,\\nsaying Cheer up, my lads We are as near heaven at sea\\nas on land.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "SIR WALTER RALEIGH.\\n12. When the terrible night had passed, it was found that\\nSir Humphrey Gilbert and his crew had all perished, and only\\nthe Hind was left of all the ships to earry back the disheart-\\nening tidings to Raleigh and the English Queen.\\nNote. The vessel which carried Sir Humphrey Gilbert and his crew\\nwas of only ten tons burden, and very poorly able to stand the gales along\\nthe American const. The Delight, another one of the fleet, had gone down a\\nfew days before the loss of the Squirrel.\\nIn the year 1520 a Spanish vessel, commanded by Vasques de Ayllon\\nVas keth day Ile-yon was driven by a violent storm upon the coast of\\nCarolina. The commander was kindly treated by the natives, and, in\\nreturn, he enticed a number of them on board his ship and tried to carry\\nthem to Spain. But the Indians preferred death to captivity they all\\nrefused to partake of any food, and thus died of voluntary starvation. The\\nscene of this occurrence is within the present borders of South Carolina.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is said of the sixteenth century of the world s history?\\n2. What was the condition of the new world What people laid\\nclaim to the American continent, and why\\n3. Who was Queen of England, and what was the condition of her\\nkingdom What was Queen Elizabeth s trouble with the Pope of Rome\\n4. What is said of Queen Elizabeth as a ruler?\\n5. What other traits of character did she possess\\n6. What interesting circumstance is related of the queen\\n7. Who was the young man, and what did the queen think of him\\n8. What was the character of Walter Raleigh\\n0. To whom did he communicate his plans What did the queen\\ngrant to these two men When was the first expedition started, and with\\nwhat result?\\n10. How did sailors of that period regard the Atlantic Ocean?\\n11. What occurred in 1583 What island was discovered What dis-\\naster befell the expedition\\n12. What did the dawn of day reveal? What were the names of the\\ntwo ships\\n2", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "10 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER III.\\nDISCOVERY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nA. D. 1584 TO 1585.\\n1584. When the little ship Hind reached England, and\\nit was known how Sir Humphrey Gilbert and so many of his\\nmen had gone down into the depths of that mysterious ocean\\nwhich was so much dreaded, there was great grief; and, possibly\\nmany bitter speeches from the people who stayed at home and\\npredicted disaster to the daring scheme first originated by\\nWalter Raleigh. He was sorely afflicted at the loss of his\\nbrother and men, and had he been weak or selfish he would\\nhave gone to his grave bewailing his loss, but venturing on\\nno more such strange and unusual projects.\\n2. He had lost many thousands of dollars (about \u00c2\u00a340,000\\nsterling), in the foundered ships and many a gallant friend\\nthat had trusted him and cheered him in his mighty schemes,\\nwas gone to come no more. But the hearts of heroes are not\\ncast in common moulds. Instead of abandoning his enter-\\nprise he obtained, on March 25, 1584, letters-patent from the\\nqueen favoring his undertaking, and at once began to fit out\\nanother fleet. This consisted of two vessels, and they were\\nput under the command of Philip Amadas (A-ma das) and\\nArthur Barlowe (Bar lo).\\n3. This fleet sailed from England on the 27th clay of April,\\n1584, and, avoiding the dangers of drift-ice in the northern\\nNote. The queen s Letters-Patent to Raleigh gave him Free liberty\\nto discover such remote heathen and barbarous lands not actually possessed\\nby any Christian prince, nor inhabited by Christian people.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "DISCOVERY OF NORTH CAROLINA. 11\\nwaters, steered for the Canary Islands and the West Indies.\\nThey had the good fortune to miss all interference from the\\nSpanish cruisers, which were so dangerous to English vessels\\nsailing at that day upon this course. On the 14th day of\\nJuly they encountered the coast of North Carolina, probably\\nat a point just north of Old Topsail Inlet. They continued\\nnorthward along the low, barren barriers of sand which\\ndivide the waters of the ocean from those of Pamlico (Pam f\\nli-co) and Croatan (Cro a-tan) Sounds, and, two days later,\\ncame to anchor off an island called Wocoken Wo-co ken), in\\nwhat was an inlet at that day.\\n4. They called this place Trinity Harbor. Across the\\ndesolate sand ridges were fair landlocked waters, and great\\nforests that sent far out to sea the odors of countless flowers.\\nThe weary toilers who had sailed so far, with nothing to look\\nupon but the sky and the great stretehes of the sea, were\\ncharmed with the richness of the vegetation, the balmy air,\\nand the ceaseless songs of the mocking birds.\\n5. For two whole days it seemed that the country was\\nuninhabited, for no one had been seen by the Englishmen.\\nAt the expiration of that period they saw a canoe approach-\\ning from the north, in which were three Indians. One of\\nthem landed and came down the beach towards the ships. By\\nsigns he was invited aboard the vessels, and went with the\\nwhite men to survey their wonders.\\n6. It must have been a notable day in this Indian s life,\\nwhen, for the first time he, who had seen nothing of the kind\\nlarger than his canoe, beheld the tall poops, the towering\\nmasts and the great sails of vessels that had come from such\\ndistant lands beyond the seas. Nothing so terrified and aston-\\nished the Indians of that day as the roar of artillery. It was", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "12 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nsomething entirely beyond their comprehension, and filled\\nthem with terror. They had no guns or knowledge of their\\nuse. So, when a cannon was fired they were ready to believe\\nthat men who could do such things were possessed of super-\\nnatural powers.\\n7. As a return for their kindness the Indian took his canoe\\nand showed the white men how to catch fish. In a half hour\\nhe had nearly filled his boat with those delicious fishes which\\nhave always so remarkably abounded in all the waters of that\\nportion of North Carolina. By signs he made known his\\nwish that they should be divided between the men of the two\\nships, and then he took his departure.\\n8. The next day many Indians came to the ships. Among\\nthem was Granganimeo [Gran-gan i-meo), a brother of the\\nchief who ruled in that portion of the country. He reported\\nthat his brother was sick. He was a man of the utmost\\nkindness and good faith, and was in marked contrast to\\nWingina (Win-gi na), the Indian king, who was full of sus-\\npicion and duplicity. The Indians were clothed in mantles\\nand deer-skin aprons. They were gentle, unsuspicious and\\npatterns of hospitality. A few days later Amadas, with\\neight of his men in a boat, visited the home of Granganimeo,\\nabout twenty miles distant, on the shore of Roanoke {Ro a-\\nnoke f Island. The chief was not at home, but his wife gave\\nthe men a cordial and hospitable reception. She prepared a\\nfeast for them, of fruits, melons, fish and venison and showed\\nthem every kindness.\\nNote. The Indians were greatly amazed at the sight of gunpowder,\\nthe cause of all the noise in the artillery. On one of their expeditions\\nthey captured a quantity of powder from the colonists, and, to increase the\\nsupply, they made rows in the ground and carefully planted the black\\ngrains of powder, expecting to reap a full harvest of it in season.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "DISCOVERY OF NORTH CAROLINA. L3\\n9. Atnadasand Barlowe proceeded, in the presence of many\\nIndians, to lay claim to the country for their queen. This\\nwhole pageant was probably a dumb show to the astonished\\nand ignorant natives. Thev neither knew nor cared what\\nthe white men were celebrating with beating drums, flaunting\\nbanners and salvoes of artillery.\\n10. This expedition had not been sent with any purpose of\\nsettlement so, in a few weeks after the ceremony of taking\\npossession, the fleet weighed anchor and sailed back to Europe.\\nThey carried with them a large cargo of skins and valuable\\nwoods, which they had obtained in trading with the Indians.\\nThese men also carried to England the first knowledge of the\\npotato and tobacco.\\n11. With their own consent, two Indians, named Manteo\\n(Man te-o) and Wanchese Wan-ehee ze), were taken aboard\\nand carried to England, that they might see something of the\\nworld across the sea. They afforded a singular test of human\\nnature. They were both of equal culture and advantages,\\nand yet, by the voyage to England, Manteo became the friend,\\nand Wanchese the implacable enemy of the white men.\\n12. Queen Elizabeth was greatly pleased at the glorious\\ndescriptions of the new country as given by the returned\\nmariners also at the accounts of the abundance of excellent\\nfruit, vines hanging with luscious grapes, great forests of\\nrich shrubbery and bright flowers and she gave the country\\nthe name of Virginia, in honor of herself, the Virgin Queen.\\n1585. 13. Walter Raleigh was, soon after, elected a mem-\\nber of Parliament in the House of Commons, of which body\\nhe became a leader. The queen, in recognition of his services,\\nconfirmed his patent, and, in* conferring upon him the honor\\nof knighthood, made him Sir Walter Raleigh.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "14 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. How did the people of England receive the news of Sir Humphrey\\nGilbert s death How did it affect Ealeigh\\n2. What had the expeditions cost him Who did he next send out to\\nthe new world\\n3. When did this fleet leave England Describe their course and\\ntrace it on the map When did they reach the coast of North Carolina\\nWhere did they land Can you point out this place on the map\\n4. What did they name this place What is said of the new land\\n5. What occurred on the second day of their arrival\\n6. How did this visit impress the Indian How were the Indians\\naffected by the roar of the artillery\\n7. What return did the Indian make for the kindness of the white\\nmen?\\n8. Who next visited the ships What kind of man was he How\\ndid this Indian s wife treat the white men Locate Koanoke Island on the\\nmap.\\n9. What formal ceremony did Amadas and Barlowe conduct?\\n10. What did the ships carry back to Europe?\\n11. What two Indians were taken on a visit to England How was\\neach of them affected by the visit\\n12. What account did the mariners give of the new country W T hat\\ndid Queen Elizabeth think of the description What name did she give\\nto the new country, and why\\n13. Of what body did Raleigh soon become a member What title\\nwas then conferred upon him, and why", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR LANE S COLONY. 15\\nCHAPTER IV.\\nGOVERNOR LANE S COLONY.\\nA. D. 1585 TO 1586.\\nWe cannot easily realize, in our day, what excitement\\nand enthusiasm followed in England when the two ships\\nsailed safely back and exhibited the Indians, the potatoes,\\nthe tobacco and other unknown productions that had been\\ngathered by Amadas and Barlowe, to prove the value and\\nfertility of the newly-discovered land. It is strange, but\\ntrue, that more value was set upon the discovery of the sassa-\\nfras tree than upon anything else, and wonderful things were\\nexpected of its virtues as a tea, a medicine and for the manu-\\nfacture of perfume.\\n2. Sir Walter Raleigh hastened to send over a colony of\\nmen to take possession of Roanoke. Ralph Lane, a gentle-\\nman of courage and experience, was appointed Governor.\\nThe seven ships conveying the emigrants and the two Indians\\nwho had visited England, sailed on the 9th of April they were\\nNote. Sir Walter Raleigh planted some of the potatoes upon his own\\nestate, and found them very palatable. Other people afterwards obtained\\nseed from him, and now the potato forms a principal part of the food of\\nIreland. Raleigh was also the first Englishman who ever used tobacco.\\nAn amusing incident is related of his using it. His servant entered the\\nroom one day, bringing a mug of ale, while Raleigh was enjoying his pipe\\nand tobacco, and the smoke was issuing from his mouth and filling the\\nroom. The servant, thinking that his master was on fire, immediately\\ndashed the ale in his face and ran out, crying for help, for his master\\nwould be burnt to ashes.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "16 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ncommanded by Sir Richard Grenville (Gi en vil), who was a\\ncousin of Raleigh s, and famous for his bravery and skill as\\nan admiral.\\n3. This fleet also came over by the southern route, and was\\nin considerable danger off Cape Fear during a great storm,\\nbut the ships all safely rode out the gale, and, on the 26th of\\nJune, 1585, they dropped their anchors in Trinity Harbor,\\noff the coast where the fleet had lain during the visit of the\\nprevious year. News of their arrival was sent to Wingina,\\nat Roanoke Island.\\n4. Governor Lane had one hundred and seven men to\\nremain with him, among whom was Thomas Harriot, the\\ncelebrated mathematician and historian. With these colonists\\nhe landed upon Roanoke Island, and began to build and for-\\ntify a town, which he named the City of Raleigh. The\\nisland is twelve miles long and about four broad, and is\\nto this day fertile and pleasant as a place of residence. It\\nthen abounded in game, and countless and choice varieties of\\nfishes were to be caught in the sounds and sea at all seasons\\nof the year.\\n5. Admiral Grenville was active during his stay at Roan-\\noke in visiting many Indian towns and in exploring the\\nmany broad waters that are found connected with one another\\nin that portion of North Carolina. On a trip up Neuse\\nRiver he lost a silver cup, which was stolen from him during\\nhis stay at an Indian town. The passionate sea captain, in a\\nrage, demanded its restitution by the Indians, whom he\\ncharged with stealing it. They did not comply, and he, with\\ngreat imprudence and injustice, burned the whole village.\\n6. This was the first taste afforded the Indians of how\\nharshly they might expect to be treated, and, though no war", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR LANE S COLONY. 17\\nfollowed immediately, they neither forgot nor forgave Gren-\\nville s punishment. He was, during much of his life,\\nengaged in hostilities at sea with the Spaniards, and fought\\nmany hard battles. At last, after a desperate struggle with a\\nSpanish fleet, he was captured, and the next day died of his\\nwounds.\\n7. Governor Lane, after the admiral s departure, continued\\nhis explorations. He ascended the Chowan River to near the\\nmouth of the Nottoway. Instead of clearing fields and\\nmaking provisions for his people, he was laboriously search-\\ning for gold mines and jewels. He was told by the chief of\\nthe Chowanoke Indians that such things abounded along the\\nupper reaches of Roanoke River (then called the Mara-\\ntock and that the head-waters of that stream extended to\\nwithin an arrow s flight of a great ocean to the west, and\\nalong the banks of the river lived a very superior and wealthy\\nrace of people, whose walled cities glittered with pearls and\\ngold.\\n8. Fired in imagination by this false and wicked Indian\\nstory, preparations were made for a journey in boats, longer\\nthan had yet been attempted. They found the swift current\\nof the Roanoke difficult to ascend, and their provisions were\\nexhausted by the time they had reached where the town of\\nWilliamstou now stands. They could procure none from the\\nTuscaroras, who dwelt upon the banks, and, while in this\\ndilemma, the savages made a night attack upon their camp.\\n9. Thus perished Governor Lane s dreams of gold. He\\nhurried back to Roanoke and soon found the hostility of the\\nTuscaroras extending to the tribe under Wingina. Gran-\\nganimeo was dead, and Manteo was the only Indian of any\\ninfluence who manifested friendship for the colonists. They\\n3", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "18 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nhad previously brought an abundance of fish, game and fruits;\\nbut all was changed, and Governor Lane realized that he was\\nsurrounded by a people who had become his enemies.\\n10. By some means, he discovered that Wingina was con-\\ncerting with the Tuscaroras for an attack upon Roanoke\\nIsland. Concealing this knowledge, he invited the unsus-\\npecting plotter to come, with certain of his people, to a feast\\nat the City of Raleigh. They came and were seized, and\\nWingina, with eight of his head-men, was put to death.\\n11. This was a stern and bloody punishment of his foes,\\nbut it gave the white men deliverance from attack, until Sir\\nFrancis Drake came, with a large fleet, and anchored in\\nTrinity Harbor, finding the colony almost in a perishing\\ncondition.\\n1586. 12. Ralph Lane was not a hero, but Francis Drake\\nwas. If the Governor lacked resolution, no man ever sup-\\nposed the great admiral deficient in this respect. After long\\nconsultation, Drake approved the resolution of the colonists\\nto abandon the settlement, and taking them aboard his ships,\\nhe steered for England, leaving the City of Raleigh unten-\\nanted. Thus failed the first attempt at forming a permanent\\nsettlement upon this great territory forming the present limits\\nof the United States.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What occurred in England on the return of the ships? Mention\\nsome things exhibited by the mariners?\\n2. What did Sir W alter Raleigh next do? Who was appointed Gov-\\nernor Who commanded the expedition\\n3. What was the route of the fleet? When and where did they land\\n4. How many men were landed upon Roanoke Island What did they\\nname their city? Describe Roanoke Island. Point it out on the map.\\n*5. Mention some of Grenville s exploits during his stay.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR LANE S COLONY. 1!)\\nWhat did the Indians think of this treatment? What finally became\\nof rrenville\\n7. How did Governor Lane occupy himself? Trace the course of\\nChowan River on the map. What wonderful story was told Lane by the\\nIndians? Find Roanoke River on the map.\\nS. How did Lane regard this story? (live an account of his expedi-\\ntion up the Roanoke River.\\n9. What did Governor Lane find to be the condition of affairs upon his\\nreturn to the settlement\\n10. What plot was discovered How did Governor Lane prevent it\\n11. What was the effect of this treatment? What help arrived from\\nEngland\\n12. What did the colonists resolve to do What is said of this attempt\\nto found a colon v", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "20 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER V.\\nGOVERNOR WHITE S COLONY.\\nA. D. 1586 TO 1590,\\nIt must have been a sore trial to Sir Walter Raleigh\\nwhen he learned that his colonists had returned to England.\\nHe had sent over a ship with abundant supplies, which\\nreached Roanoke only a few days after Sir Francis Drake\\nsailed aw T ay with his fleet. Finding no white people upon\\nthe island, the ships returned to England. Sir Richard Gren-\\nville also touched at the same point, with other ships, about\\nfifteen days later. The folly, avarice and timidity of agents\\nhave, in all ages, crippled the noblest efforts for human\\nadvancement.\\n2. Sir Richard Grenville left fifteen men in the fort built\\nat Roanoke by Lane, lest the English claim to the country\\nshould be lost, through want of its being occupied. They\\nwere soon to fall victims to Indian vengeance, after the stout\\nold admiral had hoisted his sails and gone in search of Spanish\\ntreasure ships.\\n1587. 3. Once again, in 1587, Raleigh collected a fleet of\\ntransports, and, with John White as Governor, about one\\nhundred and fifty men, women and children, went to Roanoke\\nfor permanent settlement. They brought over farming im-\\nplements, wisely determining to give up the useless search\\nfor gold, and to look to husbandry as a means of livelihood in\\ntheir new home. On arriving at Roanoke, no trace of Gren-\\nville s colonists was found, except a single skeleton which lay\\nbleaching in the sun, in front of one of the cabins.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR WHITE S COLONY. 21\\n4. Sir Walter Raleigh had ordered White to go to Hamp-\\nton Roads, in the region of Chesapeake (Che88 f a-peak) Bay,\\ninstead of Roanoke, but this command was disregarded under\\nthe plea that their pilot, a Spaniard, would not show the way.\\nBut as Governor Lane had sent a party there the year before,\\nthe location must have been known to others of the expedi-\\ntion besides Fernando, the pilot. It was like everything else\\ndone by John White while connected with the effort of coloni-\\nzation very foolish and culpable.\\n5. Manteo was still the warm friend of the English, and,\\nwith his mother, welcomed them to his home on Croatan.\\nHe was, as a reward for his faithful services, baptized by\\norder of Sir Walter Raleigh, and created a nobleman, with the\\ntitle of Lord of Roanoke, which was the first title of nobility\\never conferred by the English in America.\\n6. Governor White had, among the colonists, a daughter\\nnamed Eleanor, wife of Ananias Dare, one of his assistants.\\nOn August 18th, five days after their arrival, she gave birth to\\na little girl, who, in honor of the land of her birth, was named\\nVirginia Dare. This is about all we know of the little girl,\\nwho will ever be famous as the first of all the children born\\nto English-speaking people within the borders of the United\\nStates. One of the counties of this State bears her name, and\\nincludes in its area the scene of her birth.\\n7. Governor White had been at Roanoke only a few weeks,\\nwhen he became convinced that he should at once return to\\nEngland in the interest of the people he had been sent over\\nto govern. He said they would need provisions and additions\\nto their numbers, and a larger supply of implements of civil-\\nized life.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "22 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. He should have manifested even more haste to return,\\nas members of his own family were included among the lieges\\nwho were at Roanoke looking to him for guidance and safety\\namid so many dangers. But when he reached England, and\\nRaleigh had furnished him with two ships, with men and\\nstores for his speedy return, John White found excuse for long\\ndelay before visiting the stormy neighborhood of Cape\\nHatteras.\\n9. When he was ready to sail for America a great Spanish\\nfleet, called the Invincible Armada, was drawing near the\\nEnglish coast, with the avowed purpose of dethroning the\\nqueen and subjugating the people. John White preferred to\\ntake the chances of plunder in the coming engagement to\\nfulfilling his duty to the poor people at Roanoke, who were\\nwaiting so anxiously for his return.\\n10. British heroism drove off and destroyed the great Span-\\nish fleet, and Governor White, with his ships, joined in pur-\\nsuit of the fugitives. He gained neither gold nor glory, but\\nwas so battered that his ships had to be carried into port and\\nrepaired before they were fit to venture on a voyage across the\\nAtlantic Ocean. Sir Walter Raleigh expressed very great\\ndispleasure at the conduct of Governor White.\\n1590. 11- In this way, three years had elapsed before\\nGovernor White went back to Roanoke. He found the City\\nof Raleigh as desolate as upon his first arrival. There was\\nno trace of the people left, except the word Croatan,\\ncarved upon a tree. It had been agreed that if the colony\\nshould find it necessary to remove before his return, they\\nwould thus designate the place to which they had gone.\\n12. Croatan was a peninsular about fifty miles from Roanoke\\nIsland, and Governor White had good reason to believe that", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR WHITE S COLONY. 23\\nthe people whom he left had gone there but he sailed down\\nthe coast in sight of the place, and went back to England with\\nno further efforts to discover the nature of their fate. Thus\\nagain, Roanoke was left to the savage and the wild beast, h\\nwill never be known what became of the colonists. Their\\nfate is one of those sealed secrets which will only be known\\nwhen all our ignorance shall be enlightened, and the sea gives\\nup its dead\\nNote. There was a tradition among the Indians, that these people,\\nafter great suffering for food, were adopted by the Hatteras tribe of Indians.\\nand became mingled with them and, it is said that later generations of\\nthese Indians possessed many physical characteristics which indicated ;i\\nmixture of the European and Indian races but this may be, after all, fan-\\nciful surmises of the early historian.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What ships had been sent over to relieve the colony\\n2. How did Grenville continue Pmglish claims to Roonoke What was\\nthe fate of his settlers\\n3. What was Raleigh s next attempt at settlement Who was appointed\\nGovernor? How many people composed the colony? How was this\\ncolony better prepared for permanent settlement than any of its prede-\\ncessors\\n4. Where had White been ordered to make settlement? Point out\\nHampton Roads on the map. Why did he land at Roanoke Island\\n5. What is said of Manteo\\n6. What is said of little Virginia Dare How is her name still honored\\nin this State?\\n7. What did Governor White do in a few weeks after bis arrival at\\nRoanoke\\n8. What was furnished to him on his arrival at England? Did heat\\nonce go back to relieve the colonists\\n9. Why did not Governor White immediately return to his suffering\\npeople", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "24 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n10. What became of the Spanish Armada How did Governor\\nWhite become engaged in this conflict?\\n11. How long was Governor White away from Roanoke What did\\nhe find on his return What is supposed to have been the meaning of the\\nword Croatan\\n12. Where is Croatan Can you locate it on the map Did Gov-\\nernor White go to this place to seek his people? Was any settlement on\\nRoanoke at this time\\niSilllh\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0080\u00a2llin III il IT Hi-\\nimp! I", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "THE PATE OF RALEIGH. 25\\nCHAPTER VI.\\nTHE FATE OF RALEIGH.\\nA. D. 1590 TO 1653.\\nThe whole story of the attempted settlement on Roanoke\\nIsland is one of the world s deepest tragedies. Misfortune\\nseemed to be the doom, not only of the colonists, but of many\\ngallant men who sought to aid Sir Walter Raleigh in his\\nenterprise. Sir Humphrey Gilbert, with two of his ships,\\nwas the first to perish at sea Sir Francis Drake and his\\ncompeer, Sir John Hawkins, both died of pestilence in the\\nWest Indies; and, to the baffled and broken-hearted originator\\nof the scheme, the coming years were to grow black with dis-\\naster and death.\\n2. With the loss of Governor White s colony, Raleigh found\\nthat his expenditures had greatly impaired his wealth. He\\nhad lost more than two hundred thousand dollars, and was no\\nlonger able to fit out the costly and fruitless expeditions. It\\nmust have been a bitter pang to his proud heart when he was\\nforced to solicit aid from others, by joining them in the rights\\nand privileges granted him by the queen in his charter.\\n1002\u00e2\u0080\u00943. 3. Raleigh found his greatest disaster in the\\ndeath of Elizabeth. After ruling England so wisely and well\\nfor more than fifty years, she came to her death on March\\nNote. It must also be remembered that money in the sixteenth cen-\\ntury was worth at least five times more than at present. Forty thousand\\npounds expended by Sir Walter Raleigh would, at that time, purchase\\nabout what one million of dollars would now command in England or the\\nUnited States.\\n4", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "26 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n24th, about 1602. The grand and lion-hearted woman left\\nher throne to one of the most paltry and contemptible of\\nmen.\\n4. King James I. was an ungainly Scotch pedant, who\\nwas incapable of appreciating heroism and manliness in\\nothers, because of his own deficiency in all such qualities.\\nHe lavished favors and titles on unworthy favorites, and\\nincurred the contempt of wise men for his folly and vices.\\n1618. 5. Sir Walter Raleigh had long warred upon the\\nSpaniards as the enemies of his country. The King of Spain\\nhated him on that account, and King James, to please his\\nCatholic majesty and secure the marriage of his son to a\\nSpanish princess, caused Sir Edward Coke to procure the\\nwrongful conviction of his greatest subject. After lying in\\nprison for twelve years, on this false accusation, Raleigh was\\nexecuted, at the age of sixty-five, as a traitor to the land for\\nwhose good he had accomplished more than any one else in\\nall its limits.\\n6. Thus suffered and died the man who first sent ships and\\nmen to the soil of North Carolina. That he failed in what\\nNote. Sir Walter Raleigh occupied the twelve years of his imprison-\\nment in writing a History of the World. This was an able work, but\\ngave great offence to King James, who endeavored to suppress its circula-\\ntion. When Raleigh was carried to execution, while on the scaffold, he\\nasked to see the axe. He closely examined its bright, keen edge, and said,\\nwith a smile This is a sharp medicine, but a sound cure for all diseases.\\nHe then laid his head composedly on the block, moved his lips as if in\\nprayer, and gave the signal for the blow. Although Raleigh had expended\\nso much time and money in attempting to form a settlement in America,\\nand notwithstanding his pleasure in hearing the descriptions of the beau-\\ntiful country given by his navigators, and the very great interest he mani-\\nfested in everything pertaining to the new world, we have no record that\\nhe ever visited the shores of North America.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "THE PATE OF RALEIGH. 27\\nhe desired to accomplish, should not detract from the grati-\\ntude and reverence which are due to his memory. If incom-\\npetent and unworthy agents, and the accidents of fortune,\\nthwarted him in his designs, the fault was not his. He was\\nthe greatest and most illustrious man connected with our\\nannals as a State, and should ever receive the applause and\\nremembrance of our people.\\n7. After the death of Sir Walter Raleigh, there were made\\nno more efforts to plant a colony at Roanoke. The spot was\\nnever favorable for such a purpose. No coast in the world is\\nmuch more dangerous to ships than that of North Carolina.\\nCape Hatteras is even now the dread of all mariners. It is\\nvisited by many storms, and sends its deadly sand bars for\\nfifteen miles out into the ocean, to surprise and wreck the ill-\\nfated vessel that has approached too near the coast.\\n8. Governor Lane, while at Roanoke, discovered the broad,\\ndeep inlet and safe anchorage at Hampton Roads. This port\\nlies but little to the north of that inlet where Amadas and\\nBarlowe so fatally halted on the first English visit to Caro-\\nlina. Into Hampton Roads, in 1607. went another colony,\\nsent over by men who had succeeded the unfortunate Raleigh\\nin the royal permission to plant settlements in America. To\\nthe genius and bravery of Captain John Smith was due the\\npermanence of the settlement at Jamestown. The name of\\nVirginia, which had been applied to all the territory claimed\\nby England under the discoveries of Gilbert and Raleigh,\\nwas then confined to the colony on James River.\\n9. In the lapse of a few years many places on the Atlantic-\\ncoast were occupied by expeditions sent out from England\\nand other nations of Europe. Those of England at Plymouth\\n(Pliiriuth), of the Dutch at New Amsterdam (Am ster-dam),", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "28 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nand of the Swedes in New Jersey, were speedily seen in\\nAmerica, while yet roamed the Tuscarora in undisturbed\\npossession of North Carolina.\\n10. As Virginia grew populous, there were found the usual\\noppressions in that colony that beset and impair the useful-\\nness of all human governments. There, as elsewhere, men\\nwere troubled about what they believed in regard to religion.\\nIf people did not conform to the English Church they were\\npunished by fine and imprisonment. Sometimes cruel whip-\\npings became the portion of preachers who were found promul-\\ngating Quaker and Baptist doctrines. Sir William Berkeley\\n(Berk ly), who was Governor of Virginia, had no authority\\nover men who dwelt in the region south of a line a few miles\\nbelow where the ships approached the inland waters of\\nVirginia.\\n11. When this became known many people around the\\nNansemond (Nan se-mond) River and elsewhere, went south-\\nward towards the Albemarle Sound, where the tyrant of\\nVirginia had no jurisdiction.\\n1653. 12. In this way Roger Green, in 1653, led a con-\\nsiderable colony to the banks of the Chowan and Roanoke\\nRivers but, even before this, there were probably scattered\\nsettlements over most of all the region north of the Albemarle\\nSound, of which we have no reliable account.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is said of the attempted settlement upon Roanoke Island\\n2. What had the expedition cost Raleigh\\n3. What was Raleigh s greatest loss\\n4. Who succeeded Queen Elizabeth What kind of a man was King\\nJames I.\\n5. What new trouble came upon Raleigh? Describe his punishment\\nand death", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "THE FATE OP RALEIGH. _!!\u00e2\u0080\u00a2\\nHow should the people of North Carolina ever think of Sir Walter\\nRaleigh\\n7. Were any further efforts made to plant a colony at Roanoke? Whal\\nis said of the place?\\nWhat safer anchorage had Governor Lane discovered What colony\\nentered Hampton Roads in 1607 What town was settled in Virginia, and\\nby whom? To what locality was the name Virginia then confined\\n9. Mention some settlements made on the Atlantic coast about this time\\n10. What persecutions were common in Virginia? Over what section\\nof country did Governor Berkeley have no authority\\n11. When this became known to the people what did many of them do\\n12. What settlement was made by Roger Green, and when? Were\\nthere anv settlements in North Carolina before this time?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "30 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER VII.\\nKING CHARLES II. AND THE LORDS PROPRIETORS.\\nA. D. 1663.\\nAfter the discovery of North Carolina, in 1584, by Araadas\\nand Barlowe, many years had gone by when the period now\\nreached in this narrative became a portion of the world s his-\\ntory. Not only had King James laid down the sceptre in\\ndeath, but his own son had died in the same manner as Sir\\nWalter Raleigh. Instead of ruling a realm, King Charles\\nI. had been beheaded as a traitor to the land he pretended to\\nrule. His sou had been restored to the throne after the death\\nof Oliver Cromwell, and thus again royal benefits and boun-\\nties became possible and fashionable.\\n2. Many men in England had heard of the goodly land which\\nwas being peopled around Albemarle Sound, beyond the\\njurisdiction of Governor Berkeley. He, too, with his bitter\\nand envenomed soul, took part in a scheme which was to give\\nhim some authority over the refugees who had imagined\\nthemselves beyond the reach of his cruel rule.\\n1663. 3. In the year 1663 His Majesty Charles II., King\\nof England, France and Ireland, granted to George, Duke of\\nAlbemarle; Edward, Earl of Clarendon; William, Earl of\\nCraven; John, Lord Berkeley; Anthony, Lord Ashley; Sir\\nGeorge Carteret, John Colleton and Sir William Berkeley, as\\nLords Proprietors/ all the territory south of the lands not\\nalready granted to the province of Virginia, down to the\\nSpanish line of Florida.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "KING CHARLES II. AND THE LORDS PROPRIETORS. 31\\n4. There were some remarkable men among these titular\\noverseers of the land we now inhabit. The Duke of Albe-\\nmarle had been General George Monk before the restoration\\nof King Charles, and was made a great man on account of\\nhis part in that transaction. He was dull and heavy, and\\nonly famous by the accidents of fortune.\\n5. Very different was the astute lawyer, Edward Hyde,\\nwho, for his abilities, was made the Earl of Clarendon and\\nLord High Chancellor of England. He was a selfish and\\ncrafty man, and lost his offices in his old age, but had two\\ngranddaughters who became Queens of Great Britain.\\n6. Lord Ashley afterward became the Earl of Shaftsbury\\nand will ever be remembered for the part he bore in estab-\\nlishing the writ of habeas corpus, as a part of the British\\nconstitution, and also as being hero in the famous poem writ-\\nten by John Dryden, called Absalom and Achitophel. He\\nwas a bold, able and profligate man, who marred great abili-\\nties by greater vices. He combined within himself all that\\nis dangerous and detestable in an artful politician.\\n7. Sir William Berkeley, then Governor of the province of\\nVirginia, was another of these Lords Proprietors. He was\\nthe embodiment of the cruelty and religious prejudice of that\\nage. He whipped and imprisoned people who worshipped\\nGod in a way different from what pleased him; and he was\\nimmortalized by the remark of King Charles II., who said of\\nhim: That old fool has taken more lives without offence in\\nthat naked country, than I, in all England, for the murder of\\nmy father.\\nNote. Governor Berkeley exhibited some traits of bis character by\\nsaying, while Governor of Virginia: I thank there are no fret\\nschools nor printing here, and I hope we shall have none of them these\\nhundred vears.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "32 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. To these men, as Lord Proprietors, a great territory was\\ngranted, which they called Carolina/ in compliment to King\\nCharles II. All of them except Governor Berkeley lived in\\nEngland, but they were to rule the new country and to sell\\nthe lands at the highest rate of money they could get, with a\\ntax of seventy -five cents on each hundred acres, to be paid\\nevery year as a quit rent.\\n9. Many fine promises were made to the English, and other\\npeople, to induce them to go to Carolina and settle. Freedom\\nto worship God in the way that seemed best to each individual,\\nwas especially held out to poor sufferers like John Bunyan,\\nwho, in those days, were too often kept for long years in loath-\\nsome prisons because of their differing with the civil magis-\\ntrates as to certain matters of faith and practice in the churcjies.\\n10. In this way many men, who were Quakers and Bap-\\ntists, had already gone to the region around the Albemarle\\nSound; and others followed from various inducements. Their\\nsettlements were known as the Albemarle Colony. The\\nwhole country was still roamed over by Indians, and even in\\nAlbemarle, the rude farm-houses were widely scattered.\\n11. There was not even a village in the new province. No\\nchurches, court-houses or schools were to be seen; but the men\\nNote. Religious persecution was very great throughout all the Ameri-\\ncan colonies. It had been decreed in some of the New England colonies\\nthat Quakers, upon coming into the province, should have their tongues\\nbored with a hot iron, and be banished. Any person bringing a Quaker\\ninto the province was fined one hundred pounds sterling (about $500), and\\nthe Quaker was given twenty lashes and imprisoned at hard labor. In\\nVirginia the persecutions were equally as bad, if not worse, and some of\\nthe punishments were almost as severe as Indian tortures. The Assembly\\nof this colony (Virginia) levied upon all Quakers, a monthly tax of one\\nhundred dollars.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "KING CHARLES II. AND THE LORDS PROPRIETORS. 33\\nand women of that day loved liberty. They also sought\\nfarms and homes of their own, and consented to undergo\\ndanger from the Indians, and the privations of lonely homo\\nin the forest, in preference to the poverty and oppression which\\nthey found in England, as well as in many portions of\\nAmerica.\\n12. It can hardly be realized, amid the present luxuries\\nand enjoyments of the American people, what lonely and\\ndangerous homes were to be found in North Carolina in the\\nyear 1663. For three thousand miles from their new homes\\nlay the great forest toward the setting sun. In this forest\\nwere cruel and crafty Indians, who were always averse to the\\noccupation of their land by white people. Under such cir-\\ncumstances, were brave men laying the foundations of a great\\nand beneficent civilization. The wild and purposeless Indians\\nwere to give place to thronging cities, teeming fields and busy\\nhighways, of a people ultimately numbering many millions\\nof souls in the sum of their population.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What period have we now reached in our history? What changes\\nhad taken place in the English government\\n2. In what new scheme do we find Governor Berkeley taking part?\\n3. What new grant of this territory was made in 1663? What was the\\nnew government called\\n4. What kind of man was George, Duke of Albemarle?\\n5. Who was Edward, Earl of Clarendon\\n6. Who was Lord Ashley What was his character\\n7. What was Governor Berkeley s character? What was said of him by\\nKing Charles II.\\n8. What name was given to the territory now granted In whose honor\\nwas Carolina named Where did the Lords Proprietors live? What tax\\nwas to be paid to them\\n5", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "34 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n9. What inducements were offered to the English to go to Carolina and\\nsettle Why was religious freedom an inducement for them to leave\\ntheir comfortable homes and settle in a savage country\\n10. What two religious sects had emigrated to this section? What did\\nthey call their colony?\\n11. What was the condition of the colony? What sacrifices had the\\ncolonists made, and why\\n12. How did the condition of the colonists differ from ours?\\ni,, T ,lir\\nM iC SK\\n\\\\y\\n1Q", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR DRUMMOND M si R .K ll N VKAMANs. 36\\nCHAPTER VIII.\\nGOVERNOR DRUMMOND AND SIR JOHN YEAMANS.\\nA. D. 1663 TO 1667.\\nKing Charles II., who thus parceled out this vast domin-\\nion to a few of his friends, was in marked contrast, as a sov-\\nereign, to Queen Elizabeth. With really no care for the people\\nhe assumed to govern, he was a gay, dissolute, shameless liber-\\ntine, who despised all that is valuable in human duties, and\\nspent his life in the paltriest amusements. He could be polite\\nand entertaining in conversation, but abundantly justified\\nLord Rochester s remark that he never did a wise thing or\\nsaid a foolish one.\\n2. Under instructions from the other Lords Proprietors,\\nSir William Berkeley, in 1663, appointed William Drummond\\nthe first Governor of Albemarle. He was a Scotch settler\\nin Virginia, and was a man deserving the respect and confi-\\ndence of the people whom he had been sent to govern. He\\nwas plain and prudent in his style of life, and seems to have\\ngiven satisfaction to the people, who had been previously\\nliving entirely uncontrolled by law or magistrate.\\n3. After a short stay in Carolina, he returned to Virginia,\\nand was put to death, with many others, by Governor Berkeley,\\nfor complicity in Bacon s Rebellion. This tragic culmi-\\nnation of the ruthless old baronet s cruelties was the occasion\\nof the bitter censure by the king, already recorded. Gov-\\nernor Drummond is commemorated by the lake in the Dismal\\nSwamp which still bears his name.\\n4. It was discovered soon after the king s grant to the Lords\\nProprietors, that a belt of land extending southward from the", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "36 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\npresent Virginia line to a point parallel with the mouth of\\nChowan River, and extending indefinitely west, was not in-\\ncluded in that charter; so, in 1665 another paper passed the\\nseals, including this strip of territory with North Carolina.\\n5. In 1663 there was an expedition formed in the island of\\nBarbadoes, which came to the shores of Carolina and explored\\nthe courses of the north-east branch of the Cape Fear River.\\nThe planters purchased a considerable tract of land from the\\nIndians and took steps towards the formation of a settlement.\\n6. This adventure was headed by John Yeamans Ya mans).\\nHe was a young man of good connections in England. His\\nfather had been Sheriff of the City of Bristol during the war\\nof King Charles I. with Parliament, and was put to death by\\nthe order of Fairfax on account of his stubborn defense of\\nhis city in the king s behalf.\\n1665. 7. Yeamans had come to the west to repair his\\nbroken fortunes. He went back to Barbadoes, but the next\\nyear returned with a colony which was seated at Old Town,\\nin the present county of Brunswick, and their settlement was\\nafterwards known as the Clarendon Colony. This village,\\nwhich was called Charlestown, soon came to number eight hun-\\ndred inhabitants but was, ere long, to be deserted, when Sir\\nJohn Yeamans, who had been knighted, was ordered by the\\nLords Proprietors to Cooper and Ashley Rivers.\\n8. There had been, as early as 1660, a New England set-\\ntlement in the same vicinity of the village on the Cape Fear;\\nbut this colony incurred the resentment of the Indians, it is\\nsaid, by kidnaping their children under the pretense of send-\\ning them to Boston to be educated and the colonists were all\\ngone when the men from Barbadoes visited the Cape Fear.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR DRUMMOND AND sn: JOHN YKAMANs. 31\\n1667. 9. In the three years of Governor Drummond s\\nstay in Albemarle there was entire satisfaction manifested by\\nthe people with his rule, and also that of the Lords Proprie-\\ntors. He exerted himself to arrange matters so as not to\\ndisturb the titles acquired in the time previous to the king s\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0rant and there was full sympathy between him and the\\nclass represented by George Durant.\\n10. This sturdy Quaker had, years before, bought from\\nthe Yeoppim Yop pim) Indians his place known as Durant s\\nNeck, on Perquimans (Per-quim f tins) River and he was a\\nleader in wealth and influence among the settlers. He was\\nprosperous in his affairs, and largely controlled the views of\\nthe people belonging to his religious sect.\\n11. The rivers were full of fish every spring, and with\\nlittle trouble, large supplies were caught in the nets and weirs.\\nIndian corn, tobacco and lumber were sent in vessels to New 7\\nEngland and the West Indies. In this way sugar, coffee and\\nrum were brought to Albemarle, and an active trade grew up,\\nwhich was almost wholly conducted by the New England\\nvessels.\\n12. These vessels all passed through the inlet at Nag s\\nHead, where, as late as 1729, twenty-five feet of water was\\nfound upon the bar. This afforded entrance to ships of con-\\nsiderable size. Cape Hatteras (Hat ter-as) was then, as now,\\na place of great peril to the ships, and many were wrecked\\nupon the terrible outlying sand bars; but this did not deter\\nthe brave mariners from the trade which they found was\\ngrowing each year more profitable.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "38 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was the character of King Charles II. What was said of him\\nby Lord Rochester?\\n2. Who was appointed the first Governor of Albemarle? What kind\\nof man was he?\\n3. What was the manner of Governor Drnmmond s death? How is\\nhis name commemorated in the State?\\n4. What additional piece of land was given to the Lords Proprietors in\\n1065?\\n5. What expedition came to Carolina in 1663\\n6. Who lead this expedition Who was John Yeamans?\\n7. What was the object of Yeamans visit? What colony did he form\\nin 1665 Where was it located What is the history of this colony\\n8. What previous settlement had been made in this same vicinity?\\nWhy was it deserted?\\nO. How had the people of Albemarle been pleased with the adminis-\\ntration of Governor Drnmmond\\n10. Who was George Durant Point out u Dnrant s Neck on the map.\\n11. Give some account of the prosperity of Albemarle What vessels\\nconducted the trade\\n12. Through what inlet did the vessels enter the sound? Describe the\\nneighborhood of Cape Hatteras.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "FUNDAMENTAL CONSTITUTIONS. 39\\nCHAP T E R IX.\\nVERNOR STEPHENS AND THE FUNDAMENTAL\\nCONSTITUTIONS.\\nA. D. 1667 TO 1674,\\nIt did not suit Sir William Berkeley s ideas of propriety to\\nleave such a good man as William Drumruond long in\\ncommand as Governor of Albemarle. In 1667 Governor\\nStephens was sent to take his place. He was a ruler of nega-\\ntive qualities, and probably did his best for the interests of the\\nprovince, so far as consistent with a keen regard for instruc-\\ntions from the Lords Proprietors.\\n1668. 2. The government, in his day, consisted of the\\nGovernor, his council, and twenty members of the House of\\nAssembly, elected by the freeholders. Every white man ha ving\\nan estate of inheritance, or for life, in fifty acres of land, was a\\nfreeholder. There was no check at that day upon this gov-\\nernment, so they respected their fealty to the King and the\\nLords Proprietors.\\n3. A wide margin was left to the Grand Assemblv of\\nAlbemarle for the display of its power. Neither the Legis-\\nlature nor the Governor had any capital city for the transac-\\ntion of business. His Excellency lived on any farm he\\npleased, and the General Assembly, at that early date, usually\\nmet at the residence of Captain Richard Sanderson, upon\\nLittle River, now in Perquimans county.\\n1669. 4- Their earliest recorded legislation allowed no\\nsettlers to be disturbed for the collection of debts contracted\\nbefore coming to live in Albemarle. This was to encourage", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "40 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nimmigration, but was not very admirable in its probable\\neffects upon the citizens of the new commonwealth. It\\nexcited the ire of Colonel Byrd, of Westover, in Virginia,\\nwho wrote and said many hard things about Carolina.\\n5. As there were no Episcopal preachers then in the colony,\\nanother statute allowed people to get married by simply going\\nbefore the Governor, or any of his council, and declaring such\\nan intention.\\n1670. 6. Albemarle at that time was divided into the\\nprecincts of Carteret, Berkeley and Shaftsbury. The settle-\\nments extended rapidly down the sea-coast, and had soon\\nreached as far south as the present town of Beaufort, on Old\\nTopsail Inlet.\\n7. Governor Stephens was soon to reach the conclusion of\\nhis administration and the term of his natural life. The\\nclosing months of his rule were embittered by the nature of\\ninstructions he received from the Lords Proprietors and the\\nBoard of Trade in London.\\n8. One of these innovations upon the simple government\\npreviously found in the province, was concerning the colonial\\ntrade. English merchants saw that New England vessels\\nwere visiting the scattered settlements on the water-courses,\\nand establishing a lucrative exchange of manufactured goods\\nfor the tobacco, corn and lumber of Carolina.\\n9. It was determined in London to stop this, and appro-\\npriate to English factors whatever of profit might be realized.\\nThe old Navigation Act, passed under Cromwell to break\\ndown the Dutch trade, was revived as against the Boston\\nskippers. Governor Stephens told the colonists they must\\nexchange the products of their farms with none but English\\ntraders, but he quickly found that the people were resolute in\\nrefusing obedience to any such regulations.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "FUNDAMENTAL CONSTITUTIONS. 41\\n10. It was further announced that a now scheme of rule\\nhad been prepared in England. This was the work of Lord\\nShaftsbury and a distinguished philosopher named John\\nLocke. This was familiarly known as Locke s Grand\\nModel, and was a cumbrous and elaborate system, foil of\\ntitles and dignities. It involved a large expenditure, and\\nwould have been as misplaced in the Carolina wilderness as\\nif they had removed St. Paul s Cathedral from London to\\nserve as a meeting-house for the Quakers of Pasquotank\\n11. The people who were constantly enduring danger and\\nprivations in Albemarle at once resolved that they would\\nhave no part in the titles and pageants concocted by the Solons\\nof England. They had been promised freedom if they would\\ncome to America, both by the king in the great deed of grant,\\nand by the Lords Proprietors, and nothing less than the privi-\\nleges of Englishmen could satisfy them.\\n12. The Navigation Act was intended to destroy their\\ncommerce and manufactures, and the Fundamental Consti-\\ntutions, if adopted, would have put an end to their home\\nrule. They were to wage a long opposition to these two\\nthings, and a century went by before, in the blood of the\\nRevolution, American commerce became free. They were\\ndenounced as unruly subjects, but they were, in all truth, wise\\nand resolute patriots. They were protecting not only them-\\nselves, but the generations of the future.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. Who succeeded Governor Drumniond as Governor of Albemarle?\\nWhat kind of man was Governor Stephens?\\n2. In what did the government consist at that time?\\n3. Where did the General Assembly usually meet?\\n4. Mention some of the earliest laws\\n5", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "42 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n5. What law was enacted concerning marriage\\n6. How was Albemarle divided How far had the settlements extended\\n7. What trouble came to Governor Stephens\\n8. What kind of trade was carried on between Carolina and New\\nEngland\\n9. What was determined by the Lords Proprietors? What old law was\\nrevived How did the people receive the orders from Governor Stephens?\\n10. What two celebrated Englishmen prepared a form of government\\nfor Carolina What was this system called State its nature\\n11. What was resolved by the colonists concerning the Grand Model\\n12. What was the intent of the Navigation Act? Of the Fundamental\\nConstitutions?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "EARLY GOVERNORS AND THEIR TROUBLES. |-i\\nCHAPTER X.\\nE ARLY GO VERNORS A ND THEIR TR UBLES.\\nA. D. 1674 TO 1680.\\n1674. Samuel Stephens was succeeded in 1674 by George\\nCartwright, as Governor of Albemarle. The oldest member\\nof the council was entitled, by law, to the place, but the mem-\\nbers of the House of Assembly succeeded in obtaining the\\nposition for their speaker. Governor Cartwright found no\\nbed of roses in the office he had assumed and becoming dis-\\ngusted with the continued opposition of the people to the\\nGrand Model and the navigation laws of 1670, he went over\\nto London and resigned his place as Governor.\\n107G. 2. When he reached England he found Eastchurch,\\nwho, as Speaker of the House of Assembly, had been sent\\nover to remonstrate with the Proprietors against the innova-\\ntions they were proposing. His friend Miller had been\\ncarried out of the province for trial at Williamsburg, in Vir-\\nginia. He was also in London at this time seeking redress\\nfor his alleged.grievances.\\n3. Eastchurch was in London as the agent for Albemarle.\\nThe people were paying him to procure the assent of the Pro-\\nprietors to some remission in the hard measure of the naviga-\\ntion laws; also for the abrogation of the Grand Model. He\\nand Miller betrayed their trusts, and became the willing tools\\nof Lord Shaftsbury and the Board of Trade.\\n4. As the price of their subservience, Eastchurch was\\nappointed Governor of Albemarle and Miller was made Sec-\\nretary of State. The authorities in London were fully resolved", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "44 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nthat the New England vessels should be excluded from Caro-\\nlina waters and that the Fundamental Constitutions should\\nbe accepted as the system of government.\\n5. This betrayal of a high trust was to bring its own pun-\\nishment on the heads of Eastehurch and Miller. On their\\nway to America they stopped at the Island of Nevis (Ne vis),\\nwhere the new Governor of Albemarle met a Creole lady.\\nHis conduct in London had been weak enough, but stark\\ninsanity seemed to have fallen upon him at Nevis. For two\\nyears he was oblivious to all the disorders and distresses of\\nthe people committed to his government; and, like Mark\\nAnthony, he surrendered everything else to his love-making.\\n1677. 6. Miller went on to Albemarle, and in July, 1677,\\nassumed control of public affairs. There were then in the\\ncolony two thousand tax payers. Besides Indian corn, which\\nwas the staple of production, eight hundred thousand pounds\\nof tobacco were made that year. The whole colony was\\nenjoying considerable prosperity, such as a fertile soil and\\ngood climate always give.\\n7. The new Governor conducted matters in an outrageous\\nmanner. He imposed taxes upon all goods sent to other\\ncolonies, and in this way soon realized five thousand dollars\\non the tobacco which was sent to Virginia and Boston.\\n8. He was particularly emphatic in his orders forbidding\\ntrade with New England vessels. George Durant, with a\\nlarge majority of the people, was determined to thwart him\\nin this matter. Governor Miller was so violent in enforcing\\nhis laws that he, in person, boarded a Boston vessel and\\narrested the skipper.\\n1678. 9. Thereupon one John Culpepper, with a mob,\\nseized Miller, and having put him in prison, assumed the", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "EARLY GOVERNORS AND THEIR TROUBLES. 45\\ngovernment himself. He imprisoned all the deputies of the\\nLords Proprietors. The king s revenue, amounting to fifteen\\nthousand dollars, was also appropriated by the usurper. Cul-\\npepper, like Gilliam, the sea captain who had caused the out-\\nbreak, was a New England man.\\n1080. 10. At last, after two years delay upon his journey,\\nEastchurch made his appearance in Albemarle. He had won\\nhis bride, but lost everything else. Culpepper scouted his\\nclaims to the government. He went to Williamsburg, in\\nVirginia, to beg the Governor of that province to aid him in\\nregaining the place he had lost by his folly but so slow and\\nceremonious was his lordship, that Eastchurch died of vexa-\\ntion before anything substantial had been accomplished in his\\nbehalf.\\n11. Miller escaped from the confinement to which he had\\nbeen subjected by Culpepper, and again went to England to\\nutter his complaints. John Culpepper followed him there,\\nand though indicted and tried for treason, he was acquitted\\nby aid of Lord Shaftsbury.\\n12. Thus it was, in the earliest days of our history as a\\npeople, that the men of North Carolina found means to resist\\nthe execution of laws enacted abroad for their oppression.\\nThey had commenced a struggle which was to continue for a\\ncentury. They were all the while determined on being free\\nmen. They had not undergone so many hardships in the\\nwilderness, to tamely yield themselves as the vassals of the\\npampered lords or greedy merchants of England.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. Who succeeded Samuel Stephens as Governor How did he obtain\\nthe place Why did Governor Cartwright go to England\\n2. What two men from Carolina did he find in England, and what was\\ntheir mission", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "46 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n3. What duty had the colonists entrusted to Eastchurch How did he\\nfulfil] the trust?\\n4. How were Eastchurch and Miller rewarded for their betrayal\\nWhat was the determination of the London authorities?\\n5. What was the conduct of Eastchurch while on his way to Carolina\\n6. What did Miller do in the meantime What was the condition of\\nthe colony at this period\\n7. How did the new Governor manage affairs\\n8. What trade did he forbid? By whom was his commands thwarted\\nWhat violent act was done by Miller\\n9. W T hat was done to Miller? Who assumed the government\\n10. When did Eastchurch arrive at Carolina? How did he find mat-\\nters? To whom did he go for aid, and with what success?\\n11. What became of Miller and Culpepper\\n12. What do the events of this period teach us\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0if/M/ummu//wn w//////mm/X 7p/i\\nWlh I 1 1 1 \u00e2\u0080\u00a2iiijl/imimiiill", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "LORD CARTERET ADDS A NEW TROUBLE. 47\\nCHAPTER XI.\\nLORD CARTERET ADDS A NEW TROUBLE.\\nA. D. 1680 TO 1704.\\nWhen John Culpepper had ended his unsettled adminis-\\ntration the authorities in England sent over John Harvey as\\nGovernor. Little is known of him or of his successors, John\\nJenkins and Henry Wilkinson. There were still misrule and\\nconfusion in Albemarle. A few men of wealth, who acted as\\ndeputies in the Council for the absent Lords Proprietors, were\\ntheir advocates and defenders in everything they proposed;\\nbut the people still traded with New England vessels and\\nvented their scorn upon the Grand Model.\\n1681. 2. At last, in 1681, the authorities in England con-\\ncluded that if one of their own number could 2:0 over he miirht\\nexert more influence upon the people than a hired agent.\\nTherefore, they induced Seth Sothel, who had bought the inter-\\nest first granted to the Earl of Clarendon, to venture on the\\ndoubtful expedient.\\n1683. 3. To the great good fortune of the province, this\\nabandoned man was captured at sea by Algeriue pirates. Thus\\nhe became the slave of these corsairs for two years. When he\\narrived it was soon seen what a beastly and detestable monster\\nhad been sent as a reformer of the morals of the people of\\nAlbemarle. He was the most shameless reprobate ever seen\\nas a Governor in America. He took bribes, stole property\\nand appropriated the Indian trade to his own uses, growing\\nworse and worse until the people, in 1688, could no more endure\\nhis iniquities, and drove him from the place he disgraced. He", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "48 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nwent to South Carolina, and after his sentence of twelve months\\nexile had expired, he returned to North Carolina and died in\\n1692.\\n4. King Charles II. had been dead for three years and the\\nEnglish served his successor, James II., in the same way the\\ncolonists did the poor wretch Seth Sothel. King James resolved\\nto risk his crown in an effort to make the people of England\\nreceive the Roman Catholic religion as their State Church.\\nEnglish protestants were determined against the measure, and\\nthus the Prince of Orange and his wife, Mary, who was King\\nJames daughter, were made the sovereigns in his stead.\\n1689-93. 5. Philip Ludwell and Alexander Lillington\\nwere the next rulers, and the administration of the latter wit-\\nnessed the triumph of the colonists in the consent of the Lords\\nProprietors to the abolition of the Fundamental Constitutions.\\nThis event occurred in 1693, and brought no little joy to the\\nmen who had so long and successfully opposed it as the Con-\\nstitution of North Carolina.\\n1695. 6. Thomas Harvey ruled next in Albemarle,\\nwhile John Archdale, a wise and benevolent Quaker, was put\\nin charge of all the settlements in what was North Carolina,\\nand also those on Cooper and Ashley Rivers.\\n1704. 7. When Henderson Walker, who succeeded to\\nthe rule in virtue of his place as President of the Council,\\nhad died, one Colonel Robert Daniel, who had made reputa-\\ntion in an expedition against the Spaniards in Florida, became,\\nin 1704, the Governor of the province.\\nNote. In the year 1696 a severe pestilential fever visited all the tribes\\nof Indians along Pamlico Sound and destroyed nearly all of them. The\\ncolonists, soon after this, feeling somewhat safer from Indian attacks,\\nbegan to form settlements southward.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "LORD CARTERET ADDS A NEW TROUBLE. 49\\n1704. 8. Governor Daniel was probably the mistaken and\\nignorant agent of Lord Carteret, who happened then to be\\nthe Palatine, or chief of the Lords Proprietors, in a foolish\\neffort at reform. Carteret, like James II., was by no means\\na pattern in morality, but became impressed with his duty to\\ncause the Assembly to pass a law making the Episcopal Church\\nthe State Church in the province.\\n9. The Baptists and Quakers were numerous, and both were\\nsternly opposed to any such regulation. It was passed in\\nspite of their votes to the contrary. The statute provided for\\nbuilding churches, buying glebes, and public taxation to pay\\nthe rectors salaries, but did not visit any disqualification or\\npunishment upon non -conformists.\\n10. These latter said they were already paying for the sup-\\nport of their pastors, and at once declared they would not\\nsubmit to the injustice of paying money to men who were the\\nleaders in the persecutions of Baptists and Quakers in Eng-\\nland and America.\\n11. The Presbyterians of South Carolina sent John Ashe,\\nof that section, to London to resist the confirmation of the\\nlaw, and Edmund Porter went also, at the instance of Albe-\\nmarle. Ashe died in London before he knew of his success.\\nBoth Queen Anne and the House of Lords denounced the\\ninnovation as unjust and impolitic, and it was therefore made\\na dead letter by being annulled by Her Majesty in her privy\\ncouncil.\\n12. It was thus, year by year, that the Carolinians kept up\\ntheir struggle for freedom and equality before the law. The\\nocean stretched between them and the men who sought their\\nNote. The first Episcopal preacher arrived at Albemarle in 1703, and\\nthe first church was built in 1705, in Chowan county.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "50 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\noppression, and large expenditures, both in money and heart-\\nwearing efforts were undergone, as the dangerous and alarm-\\ning years went by, but these men of the woods still trusted\\nin God and kept their powder dry/\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. Who was sent from England to succeed John Culpepper as Governor\\nof Carolina Who followed Governor Harvey in office? What was the\\ncondition of affairs in the colony under these Governors?\\n2. Who became Governor in 1581 Who was Seth Sothel, and why\\nwas he selected\\n3. What befel Sothel on his way to Carolina? What kind of man was\\nGovernor Sothel What did the people do\\n4. Who was King of England at this time? Mention some of the\\nevents of his reign.\\n5. Who next took charge of Carolina? What important tiling was\\naccomplished under this administration\\n6. Who was Governor in 1696? Who had charge of all the settle-\\nments\\n7. What two Governors are next mentioned\\n8. Whose agent was Governor Daniel What law was passed by the\\nAssembly\\n9. What two religious sects were strongest opposers of the act What\\nwas provided for in the statute\\n10. What complaint was made by the Baptists and Quakers\\n11. Who was sent to London in the interest of the Presbyterians?\\nWhat man from Albemarle? What was the success of the mission to\\nLondon\\n12. What was the almost constant struggle of the people of Carolina?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "THE TUSCARORA WAR. 5]\\nCHAPTER XII.\\nTHOMAS CAREY AND THE TUSCARORA WAR.\\nA. D, 1704 TO 1712.\\nThomas Carey, who had already reached the positions of\\nSpeaker of the House of Assembly and Lieutenant Governor,\\nwas promoted to the Chief Magistracy in 1705. He had\\nbeen a leader in opposition to Governor Daniel s church\\nscheme, and for that reason John Archdale and the Quakers\\nhad proeured his elevation to the latter position. It may be\\nimagined what was their disgust and surprise when it was\\nfound that Carey had changed sides and become the willing\\ntool of Lord Carteret.\\n1705. 2. When the General Assembly met, Governor\\nCarey announced that, under English laws, none but members\\nof the Church of England could be allowed to take the oaths\\nnecessary to qualification for a seat in either House. John\\nPorter was sent to London to make known this fresh outrage\\nand betrayal of the people.\\n3. He was soon back with orders for Carey s removal and\\nthe General Assembly elected William Glover by the votes\\nof John Porter and the men he influenced. It is sickening\\nto add that Glover also immediately deceived the men who\\nwere his supporters, and was found acting and talking exactly\\nas Carey had done. In such a pandemonium the next thing\\nseen was the pacification of Carey and the Quakers, and their\\nre-election of him as Governor.\\n4. Two rival governments were thus at open rupture, each\\nclaiming to be the lawful claimants of authority in Albemarle.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "52 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThey both took up arms, and it seemed that bloodshed must\\nensue. A General Assembly was called to decide the ques-\\ntion of authority. Members were present with certificates of\\nelection signed by Glover, and another set whose certificates\\nwere issued by Carey. Glover and Carey, with their adherents,\\noccupied separate rooms in the same building, and great con-\\nfusion and bitterness prevailed. Finally the members of\\nGlover s council were compelled to seek refuge in Virginia.\\n5. In such a state of affairs, Edward Hyde arrived from\\nEngland with papers directing Edward Tynte, the Gov-\\nernor of both provinces, to commission this latest claimant of\\ngubernatorial honors. Carey having heard of Tynte s death,\\nrefused to acknowledge Hyde s claims, and proceeded to arm\\nand equip his followers.\\n1711. 6. Thecruel and crafty Tuscaroras at once resolved\\nto avail themselves of the divisions among the white people.\\nThey procured the Meherrins, Corees, Mattamuskeets (Ifal ta-\\nmus-keet and other tribes, to unite with them in an effort to\\nmurder all they could of the settlers. They kept the secret\\nso well that more than two hundred whites were butchered on\\nthe night of the 22d of September, 1711. The Tuscaroras\\nmustered in their ranks a strong force, which was increased\\nby their allies to sixteen hundred warriors.\\n7. The Baron de Graffenreid (Grraf fen-reed had just\\nestablished a thrifty colony at New Bern, on Neuse River.\\nHe and John Lawson, the surveyor-general, while on an ex-\\nploring voyage up the Neuse River were seized. The war\\ncouncil decided that both the men should be put to death.\\nDe Graffenreid made claim that he was king of the Swiss set-\\ntlement just established, and escaped death by promising that\\nno more land should be taken from the Indians without their", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "THE TUSCAItORA WAU. 53\\nconsent. The unfortunate Lawson and a negro servant, were\\nput to death by the most horrible cruelties. The great clan-\\nger was in the possible adhesion of the New T York Iroquois\\nto the savage league. With Albemarle divided, and conse-\\nquently in a measure helpless, it was seen that it would be\\nimpossible to meet the Five Nations in battle.\\n1712. 8. The South Carolina militia and nearly a thousand\\nYem assee Yem-as-see f Indians, under Colonel John Barn-\\nwell, came as swiftly as they could to the rescue, and inflicted\\na stunning blow upon the butchers. They were attacked in\\na fort near New Bern, and more than three hundred of the\\nIndians were killed and a hundred made prisoners. Think-\\ning the league crushed, Colonel Barnwell went home with his\\nforces, after making a treaty with the Indians, which was\\nquickly broken.\\n9. Governor Spottswood, of Virginia, confined his kind\\noffices in the terrible emergency to keeping the Five Nations\\nand Tom Blunt s Bertie Tuscaroras neutral in the war.\\n10. When the next spring had opened some hundreds of\\nmen in North Carolina were joined by Colonel James Moore\\nfrom South Carolina, with another force of a hundred and\\nfifty of his white neighbors and the Yemassees, who again were\\nwilling to make war upon their hated enemies, the Tuscaroras.\\n11. Another bloody attack upon a fort made of earth- works\\nand palisades, resulted in such slaughter that Handcock, who\\nhad boldly led them before, was so disheartened at the loss of\\nhis braves, that he departed by the upper reaches of Roanoke\\nNote.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Baron de Graffenreid was held a captive for several weeks, and\\non his return to his settlement, found it in a condition of almost desolation.\\nHe became so disheartened at the prospect that he soon sold his interest in\\nCarolina and returned to Switzerland.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "54 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nRiver, and his people have dwelt since that time in the\\nneighborhood of Niagara Falls. They were to venture no\\nmore among men who had fearfully broken their strength and\\npower as belligerents.\\n12. In the midst of the danger, in this second year of the\\nwar, yellow fever was seen for the first time in Albemarle.\\nGovernor Hyde fell a victim to its virulence. He died Sep-\\ntember 8, 1712, and was succeeded by Thomas Pollock, who\\nhad long; been known as one of the richest and most influen-\\ntial of the settlers. He and Edward Moseley, who was the\\nleading lawyer and ablest man in Albemarle, were in deadly\\nenmity concerning the quarrels between the revolting Gov-\\nernors.\\n13. During this turbulent period among the public men\\nthe people of Albemarle were giving their principal attention\\nto the fine crops of corn and other farm products. They were\\nimproving their settlements and reaping the full reward of\\nindustry and perseverance. In 1704 the manufacture of tar\\nbegan, and it was soon discovered that this native article was\\ndestined to become a very valuable commodity, both at home\\nand in foreign countries.\\nNote. The fort occupied by Handcock and his force was situated where\\nthe village of Snow Hill, Greene county, now stands, and was called by\\nthe Indians Nahucke. The siege began March 20th, and in a few days\\nthe fort, with eight hundred prisoners, was taken by storm. Colonel\\nMoore s loss was twenty white men and thirty-six Indians killed and about\\none hundred wounded.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. How did Thomas Carey become Governor of Albemarle? How did\\nhe disappoint the people who elected him\\n2. What announcement was made by Carey at the meeting of the\\nAssembly? How was this received by the people?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "Ill B TUSCARORA WAR. 55\\nWhat orders were brought by Porter? Who was elected as Carey s\\nsuccessor? How were the people disappointed in Governor Glover?\\n4. What was the condition of affairs?\\n5. Who arrived from England, and for what purpose? How. did Carey\\nreceive Governor Hyde s demand\\n6. How were the Tuscaroras acting during this public trouble? What\\ncalamity befell the colony?\\n7. What befell Baron de Graffenreid and John Lawsoft What was\\nspecially feared by the people?\\n8. What aid came from South Carolina? Describe the battle.\\n9. How did Governor Spottswood, of Virginia, act during this trouble\\n10. How was the colony preparing for war?\\n11. Describe the second battle and the result.\\n12. What terrible sickness visited Carolina in 1712 Who was one of\\nthe victims? Who succeeded Governor Hyde? What is said of Gov-\\nernor Pollock\\n13. How were the people of Albemarle occupying themselves during\\nthese troublesome times", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "56 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XIII.\\nGOVERNOR EDEN AND BLACK-BEARD.\\nA. D, 1712 TO 1722.\\nWith the conquest of the Tuscaroras and their Indian allies,\\na great danger was removed from the settlements in Carolina.\\nTom Blunt and his people were assigned a tract of land as a\\ntoken of the gratitude of the whites for their refusal to join\\nin the war. This reservation was located first south of Albe-\\nmarle Sound, but afterwards was changed to the region still\\nknown as the Indian Woods, in Bertie county.\\n1713. 2. Colonel Pollock was, in 1713, relieved of his\\noffice as Governor by the arrival of Charles Eden, with full\\npowers from the Duke of Beaufort, who was then Palatine.\\nGovernor Eden was instructed by the Proprietors to discourage\\nlarge expansion of the settlements. He became popular with\\na large portion of the people. He lived some years at Queen\\nAnne s Creek, which town was called Edenton, as a compli-\\nment to him. He afterwards bought a place on Salmon Creek,\\nin Bertie county, and dwelt there. This place is still known\\nas Eden House.\\n1715. 3. In 1715 the same Yemassee Indians that had so\\nsignally aided in the overthrow of the Tuscaroras repeated,\\nin South Carolina, the bloody work that had been witnessed\\nin Albemarle. They were aided by other tribes, and murdered\\nmany white people. At the request of the Governor of South\\nCarolina, aid was sent by Governor Eden.\\n4. Colonel Maurice Moore, who was the brother of Colonel\\nJames Moore, the late commander against the Tuscaroras, went", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR EDEN AND BLACK-BEARD. 57\\nin command of a legion composed of cavalry and infantry,\\nenlisted and paid by orders of Governor Eden. -Colonel\\nMaurice Moore, with his two brothers, was living on the ape\\nFear, where a considerable settlement had been recently estab-\\nlished.\\n5. The oldest statutes of which we have record were, the\\nsame year, enacted at the house of Captain Richard Sanderson,\\nin Perquimans. Edward Moseley was Speaker of the House\\nof Assembly, and differed with Governor Eden in many mat-\\nters of provincial policy. He was, through all his life as a pub-\\nlic man, intensely devoted to the interests of the colony; and\\nthough stoutly attached to the Episcopal Church, was resolute\\nin his advocacy of complete religious liberty. He formed a\\nstrong party of men, who regarded the Governor as simply\\nthe agent of the Lords Proprietors therefore he was to be vigi-\\nlantly watched and checked in any innovation upon established\\nprivileges.\\n6. There had been, for years, many crimes committed by\\npirates upon the ocean just along the North Carolina coast.\\nThey sometimes extended their infamous practices to the sounds\\nand rivers. One Edward Teach, who was also called Black-\\nBeard, was the chief of these bloody thieves. He had a fleet\\nof armed vessels, the largest of which was called Queen Anne s\\nRevenge. This formidable craft carried a crew of one hun-\\ndred men, and forty cannon.\\n7. Edward Moseley and others were clamorous for the arrest\\nand punishment of such horrid offenders against the law, and\\ndenounced Governor Eden as their accomplice. It was brought\\nto the knowledge of Captain Ellis Brand, who came in com-\\nNote. These Moores were the grandsons of Sir John Yeamans and\\nheld possession of his former residence on Old Town Creek.\\n8", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "58 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nmand of a British squadron in Hampton Roads, that Teach\\nwas to be found near Ocracoke (Oke-ra-coke f\\n8. Lieutenant Robert Maynard was ordered to go to that\\npoint and capture the outlaws. He found the pirates, who\\nsaluted him with so deadly a broadside, that a large portion of\\nthe royal men were slain. Maynard unfortunately got his\\nship aground in the action, and his deck was terribly raked by\\nhis antagonists fire. His case seemed well-nigh hopeless, when\\nhe resorted to a stratagem. All of his men were ordered to\\ngo below, and soon the pirates saw nothing but dead men upon\\nthe deck. They hastened to board what they thought was\\nanother prize.\\n9. But Maynard and his men met them as they crowded\\nupon the deck, and after a bloody struggle, captured nine men,\\nwho were the survivors of the prolonged and desperate conflict.\\nAmong these was a gigantic negro, who was on the point of\\nblowing up the pirate vessel, when arrested in his desperate\\nand suicidal purpose.\\n10. Black-Beard was slain during the battle, and Maynard\\nsailed away from the scene of his victory with the corsair s\\nhead fixed upon his bowsprit. The captured offenders were\\ncarried to Williamsburg, Virginia, and there tried and exe-\\ncuted, as they deserved.\\n11. In the early portion of the eighteenth century the whole\\nAtlantic coast of America was more or less infested by these\\nbuccaneers. In some quarters they congregated in great num-\\nbers and made expeditions in which they laid cities under\\ncontribution, and endangered all legitimate commerce in the\\nnew world. They were as cruel desperadoes as have been seen\\nin any age of the world s history. After long and costly effort\\nby the English and other governments, they were driven from\\nthe seas.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "governor i:m:x and black-beard. 59\\nQUESTIONS.\\nI. What reservation was given to the Indians?\\n12. Who became Governor in 1713? How had Governor Eden been\\ninstructed by the Lords Proprietors? Where did he live?\\nJ5. What occurred in 1715?\\n4-. Who was sent to aid the people of South Carolina?\\no. At whose house did the Legislature meet? What noted man was\\nSpeaker of the House? Give some description of Edward Moseley.\\nWhat famous pirate was ravaging the coast about this time?\\n7. Of what had Governor Eden been charged?\\n8. Who was sent to capture the pirate? Describe the battle.\\n9. How did the engagement result?\\n10. What disposition was made of the captives\\nII. What is said of the Atlantic coast during this period", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "60 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XIV.\\nGOVERNOR GABRIEL JOHNSTON.\\nA. D. 1722 TO 1748.\\nUpon the death of Governor Eden in 1722, Colonel Thomas\\nPollock, as President of His Majesty s Council for North\\nCarolina, assumed the place of Chief Magistrate, but he died\\nin a short while and was succeeded by William Reed. That\\nyear Bertie precinct was erected west of Chowan River, and\\ncourt-houses were, for the first time, ordered to be built. Not\\nonly the General Assembly, but courts and all public aifairs,\\nup to this time, had been held in private houses.\\n2. North Carolina then comprised three counties. These\\nwere Albemarle, Bath and Clarendon, Albemarle contained\\nCurrituck, Pasquotank, Perquimans, Chowan and Bertie pre-\\ncincts. Bath and Clarendon, though counties, were not sub-\\ndivided at this time.\\n1724. 3. The Lords Proprietors, as the last evidence of\\ntheir wisdom and interest in the province they had so long\\ncursed with their misrule, sent over George Burrington as the\\nGovernor of North Carolina/ called so at this stage of\\nthe narrative because of the recent addition of the counties\\nof Bath and Clarendon.\\n4. This Governor Burrington must have been known to the\\nnoblemen and gentlemen, then the titular lords of the soil,\\nfor he had been indicted and punished in the Old Bailey, in\\nLondon, for beating an old woman, and was, all his life,\\ndrunken and quarrelsome. Yet such a man came over to be\\nthe guardian of a people who knew not when they were to be", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR GABRIEL JOHNSTON. 61\\ntomahawked by the savages or driven into further exile by the\\nzealots, who were disturbed at the nature of their religious\\nbelief.\\n1725. 5. This weak and wicked ruler only remained one\\nyear in charge, when Sir Richard Everhard came to replace\\nhim. They were brothers in iniquity, and before Burrington\\nleft Edenton these two men disgraced themselves by fighting\\nin the streets of that village. The General Assembly met at\\nEdenton, and by enactment of law, the dividing line between\\nNorth Carolina and Virginia was run in November of this\\nvear.\\nJ\\n1728. 6. Such rulers as have just been mentioned, so\\nutterly disgusted every one in the colony, that the King and\\nParliament were petitioned to buy the province and abolish\\nthe rule of those who had only hindered its growth. So, in\\n1728, for the sum of forty-five thousand dollars, all of the\\nproprietors except Lord Carteret, sold to the Crown their inter-\\nest in Carolina, Thus, after sixty-six years of unbounded\\nmisrule, these men in London who had so greatly cursed North\\nCarolina by their ignorance and mistakes, surrendered their\\ntitle to property which had never paid them more than about\\none hundred dollars apiece in any one year.\\n7. They had never really cared for the people whom they\\nwere so anxious to disturb with their crude notions of religion.\\nThe schemes of London merchants were of far more moment\\nthan the welfare of Albemarle, and the folly of the Funda-\\nmental Constitutions was to be upheld even at ruin of the\\nprovince.\\n8. As an earnest of the superior care King George I. was\\nto exhibit toward the colony, Governor Burrington was\\nsent back to the people who were already so well acquainted", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "62 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nwith his faults of temper and character. He soon got into\\ntrouble with the leading men in the province, and pretending\\nto go to South Carolina, returned to England, where he was\\nsoon after killed in a night-brawl in a place known as Bird-\\nCage Walk, in the city of London.\\n1734. 9. Nathaniel Rice was Governor until the arrival\\nand qualification of Gabriel Johnston. He took the oaths of\\noffice at Brunswick, on the Cape Fear River. Governor John-\\nston was a Scotchman, who lived for several years in London,\\nand was to prove the wisest and best of all the men sent over\\nto rule the people in Carolina. He married Penelope Eden,\\ndaughter of the late Governor, and dwelt at her home on the\\nChowan River.\\n10. There were no troubles between the Governor and peo-\\nple in time of Governor Gabriel Johnston s rule. Sometimes\\nEdward Moseley, who always felt it his duty to oppose the\\nman sent from England to govern, would carry some little\\ndispute into the General Assembly, but the measures of His\\nExcellency, as a general thing, were pleasing to all classes of\\nthe people and received their support.\\n11. Dr. John Brickell, with a party of white men and In-\\ndians, was sent by the General Assembly to explore the moun-\\ntain region of Western North Carolina. He went into East\\nTennessee in his travels among the Cherokees. He brought\\nback wondrous accounts of the beauty of the region and of\\nthe simplicity and kindness of the natives. Dr. Brickell\\npracticed medicine in Edenton and wrote an interesting book\\nabout the North Carolina of that day.\\n1740. 12. During the Spanish war Governor Johnston\\nenlisted four hundred North Carolina troops for the expedition,\\nthat were led by Governor Oglethorpe (O g l-thorp) against the", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR GABRIEL JOHNSTON. 63\\nSpaniards at St. Augustine. They formed a battalion of the\\nregiment commanded by Colonel Vanderdussen Van-der-dus\\nsen). They were carried under Admiral Vernon to the siege of\\nCarthagena (Kar-ta-fo na) and participated in the dangers\\nand horrors of that expedition. But few returned to tell the\\nstory of their disasters.\\n1746. 13. In consequence of the great defeat of the Scotch\\nby the English at the battle of Culloden, many Scotch emi-\\ngrants began to settle in North America. The captives in the\\nstruggle mentioned had been offered choice between death and\\nexile to America. The emigrants landed at Wilmington in\\nlarge numbers and formed settlements along the Cape Fear\\nRiver. One of their principal towns was at Cross Creek, now\\nknown as Fayetteville, and this place will be remembered as\\nthe home of the beautiful heroine, Flora McDonald, and her\\nhusband. These Scotch people were brave, industrious and\\nfrugal, and North Carolina has always esteemed them as part\\nof her best people.\\n1748. 14. The province had never grown so rapidly, or\\nwas so prosperous, as in the rule of the wise and excellent man\\nwho now conducted public affairs. The provinces of North\\nand South Carolina were formally separated in Governor\\nBurrington s time, and upon the death of Governor Johnston,\\nin 1752, it was found that the population had been multiplied\\nseveral times over what it had been twenty years before, and\\nnow numbered nearly fifty thousand people. Great quanti-\\nties of tar, pitch and turpentine, also staves, corn, tobacco and\\nother products of the farm, besides pork, beef, bacon and lard,\\nwere exported.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. Who became Governor on the death of Governor Eden? What\\nchanges were noticed in the colony", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "64 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n2. Into what precincts and counties was North Carolina divided\\n3. Who was sent over by the Lords Proprietors in 1724 as Governor?\\n4. Can you tell something of Governor Burrington s past life?\\n5. How long was Governor Burrington in office, and who succeeded\\nhim? How did these two officers conduct themselves in Edenton\\n6. What large purchase was made in 1728? Which of the Lords Pro-\\nprietors reserved his right? What had been the annual profit to the Pro-\\nprietors from the colony\\n7. How had these men always felt towards their province?\\n8. What was the first act of George I. in the government of North Caro-\\nlina? How did Burrington s administration terminate?\\n9. Who was Burrington s successor? Who followed Governor Rice?\\nTell something of Governor Johnston.\\n10. How did Governor Johnston conduct affairs?\\n11. What expedition was sent out at this time? What account of the\\nwestern country was given by Dr. Brickie on his return?\\n12. What occurred in 1740?\\n13. How and by whom was the Cape Fear region now being settled?\\nWhat noted woman came with these emigrants?\\n14. Give an account of the prosperity of the province during this\\nperiod. y", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "THE PIRATES A\\\\l OTHEB ENEMIES. 65\\nCHAPTER XV.\\nTHE PIRATES AND OTHER ENEMIES.\\nA. D, 1748 TO 1754.\\nDuring the government of North Carolina by Gabriel\\nJohnston, there was still much trouble from the buccaneers.\\nThese were pirates who chiefly infested the West Indies, where\\nthey were sometimes congregated by thousands at a single ren-\\ndezvous. They were daring enough to invade cities and\\ncountries, and were a great terror and danger to all honest peo-\\nple within their reach.\\n2. In 1748 a fleet of these pirates, under the excuse of a\\nwar between England and Spain, sailed into the mouth of\\nCape Fear River. Instead of the plunder they expected to\\nobtain from the farms and towns, they were bravely met by\\nthe people, as the fleet lay off the village of Brunswick, and\\nafter a bloody fight, they were driven back to sea with the loss\\nof one of their ships. From the demolished craft were taken\\na number of negroes and valuables. All the spoils which\\nrewarded the gallant defense of the men of Cape Fear were,\\nby act of Assembly, given to the churches in Wilmington and\\nBrunswick.\\n1749. 3. The year 1749 is memorable for the fact that\\nthen, for the first time, a printing press was seen in North\\nCarolina. James Davis brought this press to New Bern from\\nVirginia and began, years later, the publication of a news-\\npaper, which was issued once a week and was called The North\\nCarolina Magazine or Universal Intelligencer. This occurred\\nin 1760, and the press was used until that time in printing\\n9", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "66 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nfor the province the laws and proceedings of the General\\nAssembly.\\n4. The first movements toward peopling the western sec-\\ntions of the province were seen the same year in the purchase,\\nby the Moravians, of a large tract of land from Earl Gran-\\nville. They called it Wachovia Wach-o via), in compliment\\nto Count Zinzendorf s (Tsint f sen-dorf) estate in Germany.\\nThe same region was to be rapidly peopled by other German\\nsettlers, with a large addition of Scotch-Irish emigrants. Their\\ntown was named Salem, and is now the county seat of Forsyth.\\n1752-3. 5. Upon the death of Governor Gabriel Johnston,\\nPresident Rice assumed charge until his demise, the next year,\\nwhen Colonel Matthew Rowan succeeded to the place thus\\nmade vacant. Colonel Rowan lived in Bladen, and was a\\nplanter of large means. He was greatly valued in his day,\\nand his name is perpetuated in a county which has long been\\nimportant in the history of North Carolina.\\n1754. 6. At this time there was great rivalry between\\nFrance and England for supremacy in America. As large as\\nwas the area of unoccupied territory for division between them,\\nthey were fast maturing schemes for each other s expulsion\\nfrom the Western Continent.\\n7. All around the English settlements, from New England\\npast the great lakes, and down the Mississippi River, a chain\\nof forts was being constructed by the French, and the aid of\\nall the Indian tribes had already been secured except in the\\ninstance of the Iroquois or Six Nations in New York. Lord\\nDinwiddie (Din-wid y), then Governor of Virginia, sent a\\nNote. In the year 1752 was published the first collection of colonial\\nlaws. The book was printed by James Davis. It was a very small volume,\\nbound in yellow leather, and was always known as the Yellow Jacket.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "THE PIRATES AM) OTHER ENEMIES. 67\\nmessager to say that these enemies were even encroaching upon\\nthe Old Dominion and fortifying the fork of the two streams\\nforming the Ohio River.\\n8. Pittsburg stands upon the very spot where this famous\\nFort Du Quesne (Du-Kane was constructed. His lordship\\nwas eager for aid from North Carolina in an expedition he\\nproposed sending against these intruders upon his domain.\\nGovernor Rowan and the General Assembly responded nobly\\nto the call for aid.\\n9. Colonel James Innes, who had served gallantly under\\nLord Vernon atCarthagena (Kar -ta-je 7ia), in South America,\\nwas put in command of a regiment mustering more than nine\\nhundred men. Two hundred thousand dollars was voted for\\ntheir equipment and supplies, and with high hopes, the long\\nmarch for the Ohio River was begun.\\n10. When the army reached Winchester Win ches-ter), in\\nVirginia, Colonel Joshua Fry, who had been in command of\\nall the forces, died, and Lord Dinwiddie appointed Colonel\\nInnes his successor. But this appointment gave offense to the\\nVirginians, who wished Colonel George Washington to take\\ncommand. He was then a young officer of great promise, and\\nhad already become a favorite of the people. The Virginia\\nLegislature, under the circumstances, would make no pro-\\nvision for the support of Colonel Innes regiment, and it was\\nforced to return to avoid starvation.\\n11. Colonel Innes died at Winchester soon after, and in\\nthis way the generous action of North Carolina was com-\\npletely thwarted. The French occupied their fort and per-\\nfected those arrangements which resulted, so shortly after-\\nwards, in the terrible defeat of the army commanded by\\nGeneral Braddock.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "68 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n12. About thirty years after these occurrences, another array\\nof Virginians and North Carolinians was assembled to crush\\nthe British officer, Colonel Furguson, at King s Mountain.\\nA very different spirit prevailed there. The North Carolina\\nofficers, who greatly outnumbered those of the Old Dominion,\\ninsisted, as they were at home, that Colonel Campbell of that\\nState, should assume the command, and their knightly cour-\\ntesy resulted in a glorious victory.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. Who infested the coast during Governor Johnston s term\\n2. How was a fleet of pirates received by the Cape Fear men in 1748?\\nWhat was done with the spoils Point out Brunswick and Wilmington\\non the map.\\n3. What memorable event occurred in 1749\\n4. Give an account of the settlement of Wachovia. In what part of the\\nState is this settlement?\\n5. Who became Governor after the death of Governor Kice What\\nkind of man was Governor Rowan\\n6. What were the English and French trying to accomplish in America\\nat this period\\n7. How were the French preparing for hostilities? What was stated in\\nGovernor Dinwiddie s message\\n8. Of whom did Governor Dinwiddie ask aid? How did North Caro-\\nlina respond to the call\\n9. To what extent did the province prepare assistance?\\n10. What occurred at Winchester? How did this appointment affect\\nthe Virginians, and why How did the effort of North Carolina to aid\\nthe Virginians terminate\\n11. What was the result of the expedition against Fort Du Quesne?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR ARTHUI! DOBBS. 69\\nCHAPTER XVI.\\nGOVERNOR ARTHUR DOBBS.\\nA. D. 1754 TO 1765.\\nKing George selected Major Arthur Dobbs as the Governor\\nof North Carolina and at New Bern, on November 1, 1754,\\nhe entered upon the discharge of his duties. He was a man\\nof high temper, and was very obstinate in support of his\\nviews, but devoted to whatever he believed his duty demanded.\\nHis greatest fault was the filling of the public offices with the\\nmembers of his own family, and his disposition to make jobs\\nfor his own benefit.\\n2. Governor Dobbs soon went on a journey to the new\\ncounty of Rowan. He found that the Presbyterians, under\\nRev. Hugh McAden (Mae-Ad den), and the Baptists under\\nRev. Shubal Stearns, were establishing churches and laying\\nthe foundations of towns in a region where, but a few years\\nbefore, no white people were to be seen.\\n1757. 3. Colonel Hugh Waddell Wad-deW\\\\ of Bruns-\\nwick, was put in command of the troops raised in North Caro-\\nlina for the French and Indian war. He had started to join\\nGeneral Braddock s column, but just previous to the fatal\\nbattle on Monongahela (Mo-non ga-he la) River he was\\nrecalled by Governor Dobbs to repel the attack of the Chero-\\nkees upon Old Fort. This stronghold was built amid the\\nwestern mountains, to overawe the Indians, and as a refuge\\nfor the settlers in time of invasion by the savages.\\nNote. Rowan county was established in 1753, and included in it area\\nmost of the western portion of North Carolina and a part of Tennessee.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "70 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n4. Governor Lyttelton, of South Carolina, by his bad man-\\nagement, had most wantonly provoked the Over-hill Indians\\ninto this state of hostility. His foolish and unnecessary inter-\\nference and cruelty, had converted these usually peaceful\\nneighbors into sufficient hostility to make it easy for French\\nemissaries to obtain their active aid against the English\\nsettlers.\\n5. Captain Dennie, with his company, was also besieged at\\nFort Tellico (Tel li co. Colonel Waddeil made haste with his\\nbattalion and drove off the Cherokees and burned their lodges,\\nafter destroying all the corn he could find. Another battalion\\nwas still kept with General Forbes, as North Carolina s con-\\ntingent in the march against Fort Du Quesne. These things\\noccurred in 1757.\\n6. In England the rule of the Duke of Newcastle over\\nAmerican and foreign affairs was terminated, and the first\\nWilliam Pitt had been put in his place. In every portion of\\nthe world mighty consequences were seen to flow from this\\narrangement. The fleets and armies of Great Britain were\\nfilled with the zeal and patriotism of the great statesman.\\n1759. 7. Of all the victories of the year, none was so\\nimportant to America as that of General Wolfe over the\\nFrench at Quebec. It broke the power of France in the\\nWestern Continent, and stopped, in a great measure, the war\\nwaged by Indians upon the frontier settlements.\\n8. At no period has the population of North Carolina\\nincreased relatively so fast as during the years now under con-\\nsideration. Up to the death of Governor Johnston, it had\\namounted to no more than thirty thousand souls, but had\\nmore than doubled since that time. In 1754 the exports\\namounted to sixty-one thousand five hundred and twenty-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "GOVBBNOE ARTHUR D08BS. i 1\\neight barrels of tar, twelve thousand and fifty-five barrels of\\nturpentine, seven hundred and sixty-two thousand staves, sixty-\\none thousand five hundred and eighty bushels of corn, besides\\nmuch tobacco, pork, beef and other commodities.\\n9. The most discreditable thing in Governor Dobbs whole\\nadministration was his effort to get the General Assembly to\\nlocate the provincial capital on his farm, called Tower Hill.\\nIt was the same place where the Indians were defeated by\\nColonel James Moore in 1712. He failed in his scheme, and\\nthe village now known as Snow Hill, in Greene county, was\\nthus never the capital of North Carolina.\\n10. He and the Legislature, or more properly, the House\\nof Assembly, were often at variance concerning the courts\\nand judges. He wished to have things arranged to suit cer-\\ntain men in London, and the House resolved that it should\\nnot be so; and in this way it resulted in North Carolina s\\nbeing left, in the end, with no judges but the justices of the\\npeace.\\n11. Even before this there was much complaint concerning\\nthe extortions of public officers on the people. Their poverty\\nwas extreme, but the agents of the king and Earl Granville\\nmade them pay enormous poll taxes and licenses. Francis\\nCorbin was dragged from his home in Chowan to Enfield,\\nthen in Edgecombe county, to compel him to repay the sums\\nhe had unlawfully exacted. He gave bail and promised to\\nreturn the illegal tribute, but instead of complying with his\\nagreement he brought suit against the men who had seized\\nhim. The matter terminated in a riot, in which some of the\\nchief friends of Governor Dobbs were concerned.\\n1765. 12. The Governor, being a very old man and\\nweary of his contests with the House of Assembly, at length", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "72 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nasked for leave of absence but died, at his place on Town\\nCreek, before sailing for England. He was devoted to his\\nsense of duty to the king, and was in many ways deserving\\nof public respect.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. Who took the oath of office as Governor in 1754? Can you give\\nsome traits of his character\\n2. What visit was made by Governor Dobbs How was the new county\\nof Rowan becoming settled\\n3. Who was put in command of the North Carolina troops? How was\\nhe prevented from joining General Braddock? Find Old Fort on the\\nmap.\\n4. Who had excited the Indians to the proposed attack on Old Fort\\n5. Give an account of Colonel Waddell s expedition against the\\nIndians.\\n6. What noted man in England had charge of American affairs?\\nWhat effect had his administration upon every portion of the world\\n7. What great victory was gained in America at this period What\\ngood resulted to the whole country from this victory\\n8. What had been the increase of population in North Carolina Can\\nyou name some of the exports\\n9. Where did Governor Dobbs endeavor to have the capital of North\\nCarolina located\\n10. What trouble did the Governor have with the Legislature With\\nwhat result\\n11. Of what extortions did the people complain? How was Francis\\nCorbin treated, and why\\n12. What is said of the close of Governor Dobbs life", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR TRYON AND THE STAMP A T. 73\\nCHAPTER XVII.\\nGOVERNOR TRYON AND THE STAMP ACT\\nA, D. 1765 TO 1766.\\nSome months before the death of Governor Dobbs there\\nhad come over from England a handsome, polished and genial\\nofficer, who wore the uniform of Her Majesty, the Queen s\\nGuards. This was Lieutenant Colonel William Tryon, who\\nhad been recently appointed Lieutenant Governor of North\\nCarolina. He was thus soon in full authority in the province,\\nwhere he was to leave a name that will never be forgotten.\\n2. Governor Tryon was accompanied by his wife and her\\nsister, Miss Esther Wake. They were ladies of great attrac-\\ntions and destined to become so much valued by the people\\nthat their name is still preserved in our midst, as that of our\\nmetropolitan county.\\n3. There was much gaiety seen at that time in the eastern\\ncounties. The Indians were all gone beyond the Blue Ridge\\nMountains, and the rude huts of old had, in many instances,\\nbeen replaced by large and costly buildings of brick. The\\nweddings were generally celebrated by balls that lasted for a\\nweek. Hospitality was never stinted, and most men of means\\nthought their establishments imperfect until provided with a\\nprivate race course. With hound and horn, there was great\\ndiversion, for game was abundant and the sport open to all\\nwho could get a horse to ride.\\n4. In such society, the brilliant family of the Governor was\\nof course at once sure of unbounded influence. Perhaps no\\nman was ever more warmly esteemed than was Governor\\n10", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "74 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nTryon in the first years of his rule in the province. He was\\ngracious and wary at the same time. He knew whom to cul-\\ntivate, and while smiling on all he was fast making friends\\nwho were ready to die in his behalf.\\n5. The great preacher, George Whitfield, came this year,\\n1765, and moved thousands with his eloquence. His new sect,\\nthe Methodists, had made no progress then in North Caro-\\nlina, and the converts went to swell the numbers of the Bap-\\ntists, who were more numerous than the membership of any\\nother church.\\n6. There was the utmost kindness of feeling between the\\nnew Governor and the people, when the news came that Par-\\nliament had passed a law called the Stamp x4.ct. It had\\nbeen talked of and denounced in many portions of America,\\nand now, with a unanimity that is still one of the strangest\\nthings recorded in history, the men of all conditions in every\\ncolony arose in frenzy and swore that this law should not be\\nexecuted in America.\\n7. It was oppressive upon poor people because of the amount\\nexacted, but was considered constitutional by many great law-\\nyers who were the warm friends of the American people. But\\nit had been held for some time that no tax levied by England,\\nNote. The Stamp Act required that all colonial legal instruments,\\nsuch as deeds, bonds and notes, should be written only upon stamped paper,\\notherwise they were not binding or of any effect. The paper was prepared\\nin England, to be sold to the colonists at the heavy tax of one and two dol-\\nlars upon each sheet. In addition to this, the act contained a great variety\\nof ruinous exactions. Newspapers and pamphlets were taxed more than\\nsuch publications at present would cost. An advertisement in a newspaper\\npaid the government fifty cents almanacs, eight cents; college diplomas,\\nten dollars and the fee charged for a marriage license was sometimes as\\nhigh as fifteen dollars.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR TRYON AND THE STAMP ACT. 75\\nwithout the consent of America, was just; and thus every\\nman resolved that the Stamp Act should not be enforced.\\n8. When the news reached Governor Tryon at Wilming-\\nton, the General Assembly was in session at that place. A\\nvery bold and fearless man, named Colonel John Ashe, was\\nthen Speaker of the House of Assembly. Governor Tryon\\nasked of Ashe, in private conversation, what the House would\\ndo as to the new law. We will resist its execution to the\\ndeath, said he, and that very day Governor Tryon sent them\\nall home by proroguing* the session.\\n9. The first step of the people was to carry James Houston,\\nwho had been appointed agent, before Moses John DeRosset,\\n(Dcr f ro-zeW) who was then Mayor of Wilmington. There, in\\nthe presence of many distinguished men of the Cape Fear\\ncountry, he resigned his office as stamp agent, and made oath\\nthat he would have no further connection with it.\\n1765-66. 10. The ship of war Diligence came with the\\nstamps on September 28th, 1765. The commander was told\\nby armed men, under Colonels Ashe and Waddell, that they\\nmust not be landed; and no effort was made to do so. All\\nwas quiet until February of the next year, when two vessels\\nfrom Philadelphia came with no stamps upon their clearance\\npapers.\\n11. They were seized for this by the King s officers, and\\nthen the storm arose. Armed men took the papers from the\\ncollector and marched down to Fort Johnston to seize Captain\\nLobb, who was holding the two vessels. All supplies of bread\\nand fresh provisions were stopped from the British fleet, and\\nthe Governor, himself, was so intimidated that the offend\\nProrogue is to continue or adjourn a legislative body from one session\\nto another by Royal or State authority.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "76 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ning visitors were released and the Stamp Act completely\\ndefeated.\\n12. Soon after this came news from England of the repeal\\nof the law that had so terribly excited America. Governor\\nTryon announced the fact in a proclamation, but he had been\\nhumiliated by the resistance at Wilmington, and from that\\nhour, probably, determined on the revenge which he after-\\nwards exacted at Alamance.\\nNote. Governor Tryon desired to regain his influence, for political pur-\\nposes, over the people whom he had so greatly offended and he ordered\\na general muster at Wilmington. He prepared a feast for the militia, of\\nwhole oxen roasted, and barrels of beer. When the feast was ready the\\npeople rushed to the table and threw the oxen into the river and emptied\\nthe beer upon the ground. A general fight ensued between the militia and\\nthe men of the English vessels, and perfect quiet was not restored for\\nseveral days.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What distinguished person have we now under consideration How\\ndid he become Governor of North Carolina\\n2. Who accompanied Governor Tryon What is said of the two ladies\\n3. Tell something of life in the eastern counties at this time?\\n4. How did the Tryon family become very influential\\n5. What great preacher came to North Carolina in 1765? How were\\nhis labors rewarded?\\n6. What memorable law was passed by Parliament? How was the\\nnews received in North Carolina?\\n7. What were some of the opinions concerning the Stamp Act\\n8. Under what circumstances did news of this act reach Wilmington\\nWhat did Governor Tryon do with the Assembly\\n9. Mention the first act of resistance to this unjust law.\\n10. What occurred on arrival of the Diligence?\\n11. What trouble befell the two Philadelphia vessels How was their\\nrelease effected?\\n12. What joyful news came from England soon after this? How had\\nGovernor Tryon been affected by the resistance of the people in this\\nmatter", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR TYRON AND THE REGULATORS. 77\\nCHAPTER XVIII.\\nGOVERNOR TRYON AND THE REGULATORS.\\nA. D. 1766 TO 1771.\\nIn the middle and western counties of North Carolina in the\\nperiod referred to, there was collected a wonderful increase of\\npeople. They had come in large companies from Scotland,\\nIreland, England and Germany. Fully two hundred thou-\\nsand inhabitants were by this time to be found east of the Blue\\nRidge mountains. They were separated by that great barrier\\nfrom the Cherokees, who latterly had well respected this line\\nof separation.\\n2. A great portion of the western settlers had recently come\\nto their new homes, and were very poorly provided with the\\nmeans of living. They were hundreds of miles from market,\\nand made nothing on their farms to sell but wheat. These\\nfarmers were taxed about twelve dollars apiece on the poll,\\nand paid a quit rent of seventy-five cents on each one hundred\\nacres of their land.\\n3. When they hauled wheat to Cross Creek, near Fayette-\\nville, it realized but little more than enough to pay for the\\nsalt needed in the family. Sugar and coffee were luxuries in\\nwhich they rarely indulged. It can then be seen how cruel\\nwas the honest collection of what the laws demanded of these\\npoor people as taxes. When these sums were increased\\nenormously by the dishonest sheriffs the farmers were in\\ndespair, for it was beyond their power to pay.\\n1767. 4. They were mostly ignorant men. There was\\nnot a school in all the province until 1767, when the New Bern", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "78 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nAcademy was chartered by the Legislature. They knew\\nthey were being cheated, but did not understand how it was\\ndone. Colonel Edmund Fanning, of Hillsboro, in Orange\\ncounty, was growing rich as Register of Deeds, and was the\\nringleader in this oppression of the people.\\n5. In this same county lived Herman Husbands, who was\\na Quaker preacher, and though of limited education, was a\\nman of considerable natural abilities. He prevailed on his\\nneighbors at Sandy Creek to form an association for mutual\\nprotection against the wrongs of the public officers. His\\norganization was known as the Regulators, and they were\\nto help each other in the law suits and indictments growing\\nout of a refusal to pay unlawful demands.\\n6. This was wise and proper, but Husbands should have\\njoined the league he was thus creating, and thereby shared the\\nliabilities of the members. This he would not do, but\\npreached and harangued until the people were in a fever of\\nexcitement over what he said.\\n1768. 7. The first trouble grew out of the seizure of a\\nhorse from one of two men sent to Hillsboro on a mission to\\nthe sheriffs. The Regulators took the horse by force, and fired\\nshots into the roof of Colonel Fanning s house. That night\\nHusbands was arrested and carried to Hillsboro, and gave\\nbail for his appearance at the next Superior Court. He had\\nhardly gone before seven hundred men came for his rescue,\\nbut went away on promises of Isaac Edwards, who was\\nTryon s Secretary, that the Governor would right the wrongs.\\n8. Governor Tryon went there in a few weeks, but only\\ncondemned the men who asked his aid, and going west, came\\nback to the Superior Court with an army of eleven hundred\\nmen, which he had raised in Mecklenburg and Rowan.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR TRYON AND THE REGULATORS. 79\\nHusbands was acquitted on trial, but three other Regulators\\nwere heavily fined and imprisoned. Colonel Fanning was\\nconvicted in five cases, of extortion in office, and the judges,\\nto their shame, only imposed a fine of one penny in each\\ncase.\\n9. This marching of troops and failure of the court to do\\nits duty only made matters worse. The Regulators grew in\\nnumbers and violence until the courts could not be held in\\nsome counties. Husbands was expelled from his place in the\\nHouse of Assembly for a libel on Judge Maurice Moore, and\\nput in prison. His release was effected in time to stop a\\ncrowd of several hundred men from going to New Bern where\\nthey said they would release him, and burn the splendid new\\npalace the Governor had just built.\\n1771. 10. Matters thus grew worse until, in 1771, Gov-\\nernor Tryon raised an army of men in the eastern counties,\\nunder a law of the Assembly, and marched to Orange to put\\ndown what he called the rebellion of the Regulators.\\nColonel Waddell started also with another body of troops\\nfrom Salisbury to meet him, but these were met by the Regu-\\nlators and driven back.\\n11. On the 16th of May, 1771, the force of Governor\\nTryon, numbering eleven hundred men, was met in battle by\\nthe Regulators at a place called Alamance, in Orange. In\\nthe battle that ensued there was stubborn fighting on both\\nsides, until the ammunition of the Regulators was exhausted,\\nand they were driven from the field. Many men lost their\\nlives, and North Carolina had only the melancholy satisfac-\\ntion, after so much blood and confusion, that Hermon Hus-\\nbands and Edmund Fanning, who were largely responsible\\nfor it all, were no longer citizens of the province.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "80 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nNote\u00e2\u0080\u0094 It has been said that the battle of Alamance was begun by Gov-\\nernor Tryon, who fired the first gun at a prisoner named Robert Thomp-\\nson, killing him instantly. The men seemed to hesitate about beginning\\nthe fight, and Governor. Tryon, rising in his stirrups, exclaimed: Fire!\\nfire on them, or on me!\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. How were the middle and western counties of North Carolina being\\npeopled at this period\\n2. Give some description of these people. How were they taxed\\n3. What return did the sale of their crops bring them How was\\ntheirs a hard lot\\n4. When was the first North Carolina school organized By whom\\nwere the poor farmers being oppressed\\n5. What noted man is now mentioned Can you tell something of the\\nacts of Hermon Husbands in the province\\n6. How did he shrink from becoming a member of his league\\n7. What was the first trouble How did they settle the matter Men-\\ntion some circumstances of the trial of Husbands?\\n8. What was the result of Governor Tryon s visit toHillsboro? How\\ndid the trials at court terminate\\n9. How were the Regulators affected by this mock judgment Into\\nwhat trouble did Husbands next fall\\n10. What steps were taken by Governor Tryon towards crushing the\\nRegulators By whom was his army re-inforced\\n11. Can you describe the memorable Battle of Alamance What\\nbenefit was derived from it Point out on the map the scene of the\\nbattle.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR MARTIN AND THE REVOLUTION Si\\nCHAPTER XIX.\\nGOVERNOR MARTIN AND THE REVOLUTION\\nA, D. 1771 TO 1774.\\nGovernor Tryon left the province a month after the battle\\nof Alamance and went, by the King s appointment, as Gov-\\nernor to New York. He had most signally failed to do his\\nduty in compelling his subordinates to act honestly with the\\npeople, but he yet retained the confidence of many able and\\npatriotic men. Richard Caswell and many more leaders in\\nthe province were really distressed that he had ceased to be\\nthe Chief Magistrate of North Carolina.\\n2. James Hasell, as President of the Council, assumed the\\nconduct of affairs until the arrival of Major Josiah Martin.\\nThis new Governor was not so cruel and vindictive as Tryon,\\nbut was as obstinate as Governor Dobbs. Perhaps in the\\nstern antagonisms of that day his better qualities were over-\\nlooked by the men who had such different promptings as to\\ntheir duty.\\n3. Colonel John Harvey was made the Speaker of the\\nHouse of Assembly, in place of Colonel Caswell and the\\nLegislature, at the Governor s suggestion, passed an amnesty\\nNote. In 1772 the people of North Carolina were considerably excited\\nover the arrival of a woman who claimed to be Lady Susanna Carolina\\nMatilda, sister to the Queen of England. She came into the province from\\nVirginia, where she had received great honors. She was treated in ele-\\ngant style by Governor Martin and his wife at the Palace in New Bern,\\nand great courtesies were extended to her by the people of the various\\ntowns she visited. Her manner was so complete a reproduction of that\\nseen in the highest court circles that every one was duped until her exposure\\n11", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "82 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nact as to all the men who were lately engaged in the Regula-\\ntion, except a few who were mentioned as leaders along with\\nHerman Husbands.\\n4. John Burgwinn, the southern treasurer of the province,\\nmade such a statement of the outstanding indebtedness that it\\nwas concluded that the taxes could be wisely decreased, as so\\nlarge a sum was no longer necessary. But Governor Martin\\nrefused to assent, and in this way had his first disagreement\\nwith the people s representatives.\\n5. The repeal of the Stamp Act had been gratefully received,\\nbut Parliament still excited great fears by the passage of a\\npreamble to a certain bill in which the power was claimed for\\nthat body to tax America. It had cost immense sums to the\\nCrown to drive out the French, and much money was still\\nneeded to pay English expenses in America.\\n6. It was insisted that the colonies ought to pay their fair\\nshare in these burdens. The great question was, how this was\\nto be done. If Parliament could levy what it pleased, then\\nthe Americans were no longer free men, in that they were not\\nmasters of their own purses. Many propositions were made\\nto compromise the difficulty, but none were, as yet, pleasing\\nto both sides in the great controversy.\\n1774. 7. Letters from the burgesses of Virginia and other\\ncolonies were read to the House of Assembly by Speaker\\nin Charleston, where she was arrested. It became known that the impostor\\nwas one Sarah Wilson, who had been a servant to one of the ladies of the\\nQueen s Court. She had stolen some valuable jewels belonging to the\\nQueen and was condemned to death, but, her sentence being commuted to\\nbanishment, she was brought to Maryland and sold to service. Making\\nher escape, she assumed the name of royalty to escape detection. She had\\nbeen lavish of her promises of aid to sundry men, for which they had\\nadvanced to her considerable sums of money.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR MARTIN AND THE REVOLUTION. S3\\nHarvey, in which it was proposed to appoint Committees of\\nCorrespondence. These were to watch the doings of the\\nBritish Parliament and concert measures of general defence.\\nThe great measure to this end was the assembling of a Con-\\ngress of all the colouies at Philadelphia.\\n8. This movement was especially distasteful to Governor\\nMartin. He resolved that he would prevent North Carolina s\\nhaving any part in this matter, as Governor Tryon had\\ndone on a previous occasion. He told Thomas Biggleston,\\nhis private secretary, that he would prorogue the Assembly\\nand thus forestall all action.\\n9. Biggleston, for some cause, divulged this secret reso-\\nlution to Colonel John Harvey, who happened to be in\\nNew Bern. The Speaker was very nearly dead with disease,\\nbut his stern nature was fired at the intelligence. He rode at\\nonce in his stick-gig to meet Willie Jones, of Halifax. He,\\nand a day later, Samuel Johnston and Edward Buncombe, all\\nagreed to a proposition presented by Harvey.\\n10. The plan adopted was, that the Speaker should issue\\nprinted hand-bills throughout the province, calling upon the*\\npeople to elect a Congress for North Carolina, which should\\nrepresent the people and yet not be liable to the Governor s\\norders.\\n11. This w T as soon done, and Governor Martin was furious\\nat the calm audacity of this Speaker, who could summon such\\na body to meet at New Bern, in the very presence of the\\nKing s representative, as he said, to concert treasonable\\nschemes against the Crown. The Governor called his council\\ntogether and issued a proclamation forbidding the assemblage\\nof any such body.\\n12. In spite of all this, the first Provincial Congress of\\nNorth Carolina met at New Bern, and elected Richard Caswell,", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "84 HISTOEY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nJoseph Hevves and William Hooper as delegates to the Conti-\\nnental Congress. After protesting their loyalty to the Crown,\\nbut expressing a full determination to defend their rights as\\nfreemen, they entered into an agreement that unless some\\nredress was had of their grievances, to cease from all trade\\nwith English merchants.\\n13. This Congress, August 25, 1774, was the first great\\nstep in the Revolution, which was to deliver North Carolina\\nand America from the dominion of a distant King and Parlia-\\nment. The men of America were soon to be free from all\\nforeign interference in their government. It was a bold and\\nhazardous step in Colonel Harvey and the men over whom\\nhe presided as moderator, but eventual safety was to be the\\nreward of those who thus dared to be free.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. When did Governor Tryon leave North Carolina? To what place\\ndid he go What had been the results of his administration\\n2. On whom did the government now devolve Who next became\\nGovernor? How is Governor Martin compared with some of his prede-\\ncessors\\n3. Who presided in the House of Assembly What special act was\\npassed\\n4. How did Treasurer Burgwinn report as to the provincial debt? How\\nwas the action of Assembly received by Governor Martin\\n5. How were the people excited by the English Parliament\\n6. What did the people claim\\n7. What was proposed by other colonies?\\n8. To whom was the movement specially displeasing What did he\\nresolve to do\\n9. How was Governor Martin s intention made known? What was\\ndone by Colonel John Harvey\\n10. What plan was adopted by the patriots?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR MARTIN AND THE REGULATORS. 85\\n11. What effect did the proposition have upon the Governor? How\\ndid lie try to prevent the Congress?\\n12. When and where did the Provincial Congress meet? Who were\\nselected as delegates to the Continental Congress? What else was done la-\\nthe Congress at New Bern\\n13. In what respect was this North Carolina Congress of great eonse-\\nquence and significance\\nmini", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "8Q HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XX.\\nLAST OF THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT.\\nA, D. 1775.\\nAfter the meeting of the first Provincial Congress at New\\nBern there were, to all observers of intelligence throughout\\nthe world, evident signs of approaching rupture between the\\nKing s agents and the people in North Carolina. Each day\\nwidened the breach between them and rendered more impos-\\nsible all efforts at arrangement of the troubles.\\n1775. 2. In February, 1775, Colonel Harvey again\\nissued hand-bills for another Congress to assemble at New\\nBern. Governor Martin repeated his unavailing proclama-\\ntion of the year before. The General Assembly was to meet\\nat the same time and place. Colonel Harvey was re-elected\\nto preside, both as Moderator and Speaker of the two bodies.\\n3. As the two Houses of Assembly met Governor Martin\\nin the palace, he saluted them with indignant remonstrances,\\nwhich were, the next day, most ably answered in an address\\nprepared by Captain Robert Howe, of Brunswick. The same\\ndelegation was returned to Philadelphia and articles of asso-\\nciation pledging the members to abstain from all commerce\\nwith British marts, were signed by all except Thomas Mc-\\nKnight, of Currituck.\\n4. It was seen that a crisis was near at hand. Boston had\\nbeen held, for months past, in a state of siege. At length, on\\nApril 19th, came the fatal encounter at Lexington. We con-\\nstantly hear of accidents wherein more lives are lost, but this\\nlittle skirmish was enough, with its tidings, to fire the hearts\\nof a continent.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "LAST OF THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT. 87\\n5. Such an occurrence in our day outstrips the winds in\\nthe speed of its promulgation. In less than an hour it is\\nknown all over the Mississippi valley, across the Rocky\\nMountains and along the shores of the Pacific Ocean. But\\nour ancestors of that day had no railways and telegraphs so, it\\nwas fully too weeks after the militia-men slain at Lexington\\nhad stiffened in their blood, that Richard Caswell met the\\nnews in Petersburg, Virginia.\\n6. A courier was hurrying southward with the tidings, but\\nit was not until May 20th, that the people of Mecklenburg,\\nin North Carolina, became aware of what had occurred. At\\nthe village of Charlotte there was that day assembled a large\\nconcourse of the leading men of that county. Fired at the\\nnature of the startling intelligence, they held a convention\\nand passed resolutions of independence that will forever im-\\nmortalize their names.\\n7. All America, while arming for the war, was still pro-\\ntesting loyalty to the King, but these men of Mecklenburg\\nleaped to a conclusion which more than a year of blood was\\nrequired to impress on the minds of their countrymen.\\nAbraham Alexander presided in the meeting, and the famous\\nMecklenburg Declaration of Independence was drawn by\\nDr. Ephraim Brevard.\\n8. The news from Boston was speedily followed, in North\\nCarolina, by mournful tidings from Perquimans. Colonel\\nJohn Harvey, after so many strenuous efforts to put North\\nCarolina in readiness for the storm, sunk under disease, and\\nNote. The men of Mecklenburg held another meeting on May 31st,\\nand adopted a system of government and military commissions. These peo-\\nple publicly declared themselves free from English rule nearly fourteen\\nmonths before the Declaration of Independence at Philadelphia.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "88 HISTOKY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ndied at his place in Harvey s Neck/ on the Albemarle\\nSound. No braver or wiser man has ever borne a part in the\\nconduct of affairs in North Carolina.\\n9. It had been seen at New Bern that his days were num-\\nbered, and Samuel Johnston, of Chowan, was then authorized,\\nin case of Colonel Harvey s disability, to call another session\\nof the Provincial Congress whenever he should deem such a\\nstep needed. Accordingly, that body met at Hillsboro, in the\\nmonth of August, 1775.\\n10. The men who had been Regulators were mostly friends\\nof the King, and threatened to go down and break up the\\nCongress, but for some reason forebore. There was little\\ndone by this Congress beyond arranging military matters.\\nTwo battalions of Continental troops were ordered, and the\\nprovince divided into military districts.\\n11. A provisional government, with Cornelius Harnett, of\\nNew Hanover, at its head, was provided but the powers com-\\nmitted to it were only as to defence. Through Moderator\\nJohnston s influence everything was kept as much as possible\\nunchanged, with a view to reconciliation with the Crown.\\n12. Governor Martin had fled from the palace in New\\nBern, and had been for some time on board a British ship of\\nwar, in Cape Fear River. The crew of this vessel was fed\\nby provisions from Wilmington, and the watchful Commit-\\ntee of Safety was allowing men to visit the Governor for all\\npurposes except military commissions. He was even invited\\nto return to his lawful residence; and in this strange mixture\\nof war and peace existed the North Carolina of 1775.\\nNote.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Had Governor Martin remained at his official residence in New\\nBern he would have created much trouble in the Whig councils. They\\nwere not prepared, as yet, for claiming independence, and still recognized", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "LAST OF THE ROYAL GOVERNMENT. 89\\ntheir fealty to the King. Among the transactions of the Hillsboro Con-\\ngress, was the resolution ordering the restoration to Governor Martin of\\nhis coach and four horses, which had been abandoned by him in his flight\\nfrom New Bern.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What signs were observed after the Provincial Congress?\\n2. What was done by Colonel Harvey in 1775?. How did Governor\\nMartin act?\\n3. Describe the meeting between Governor Martin and the Assembly.\\nWho answered the Governor s remonstrances? What articles were signed\\nby the members\\n4. What startling news was received in April?\\n5. How did the circulation of news in 1775 differ from the present?\\nWho was first to receive the news of Lexington\\nO. How long before the tidings reached Mecklenburg? What occurred\\nat Charlotte? Find this town on the map.\\n7. What was the attitude of the American people at this time? By\\nwhat name have the Charlotte resolutions always been known\\n8. What sad news next thrilled North Carolina?\\n9. Who had been appointed to take Colonel Harvey s place When\\nand where was the next Provincial Congress held\\n10. Which side was taken by the Kegulators in this great trouble?\\nWhat was done by the Congress\\n11. Who was put at the head of the provisional government\\n12. What did Governor Martin do at the commencement of trouble\\nHow was he treated bv the Wilmington Committee of Safetv\\n12", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "90 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXI.\\nTHE REVOLUTION.\\nA. D. 1776.\\nThe Hillsboro Congress had not called out troops any too\\nsoon, for it was discovered that both Governor Martin, in\\nNorth Carolina, and Lord Dunmore, in Virginia, were en-\\ngaged in schemes to excite insurrections among the negro slaves.\\nColonel Robert Howe, with the Second North Carolina Bat-\\ntalion, was sent to Norfolk, in Virginia, where the British\\ntroops, being beaten at Great Bridge, were soon driven from\\nthe soil of the Old Dominion.\\n2. This occurred in the month of December, 1775. About\\nthe same time Colonels Griffith Rutherford, Thomas Polk\\nand James Martin embodied their militia regiments and went\\nto South Carolina, where they speedily crushed a Tory insur-\\nrection of certain men called the Scovilites. The militia\\nwere, of course, aided by Whig troops of that province.\\n3. The term Tory was applied to men who upheld the\\nroyal authority, and they were opposed to any movement to\\ndefend the colonies against the exactions of the Crown and\\nParliament. The Whigs, on the contrary, were at that day\\ndemanding that American commerce should be free, and that\\nno taxes should be imposed in England to be levied in the\\ncolonies. They were loyal to the King and only opposed to\\nthat which they considered oppressive in the designs of his\\nministers.\\n1776. 4. The new year, 1776, came in with Governor-\\nMartin still lingering on board the Cruiser in the Cape Fear", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "THE REVOLUTION. U]\\nRiver. He was closely watched by Colonel James Moore,\\nwho kept his command (the First North Carolina Battalion),\\nin that vicinity. In February came the news that the Scotch\\nHighlanders and Regulators were gathering at a place called,\\nat that day, Cross Creek, and now the city of Fayetteville.\\n5. A large fleet and army were on their way from England\\nand elsewhere, to take the town of Wilmington. These men,\\nassembling at Cross Creek by Governor Martin s orders, were\\nin arms to force their way across the country and join the\\nexpected British army. Colonel Moore at once met them at\\nRockfish Creek, where he fortified his camp and awaited an\\nattack. But he soon found this would not occur, so he sent\\nColonel Lillington and Captain Ashe with two hundred and\\nfifty men to occupy a bridge over Moore s Creek that he sup-\\nposed would intercept General Donald McDonald s flight to\\nthe sea.\\n6. Whigs in arms were coming from different directions\\nagainst these banded Tories, and they soon saw that unless\\nthey passed Colonel Moore they would all be surrounded\\nand captured. McDonald was an old and skillful officer, and\\nhe moved across the Cape Fear River and started first to\\nmeet Colonel Caswell, who was coming up from New Bern\\nwith eight hundred men of that section.\\n7. Caswell made haste to join Lillington on Moore s Creek,\\nand artfully led the enemy to believe that he was camping\\non the evening of February 26, 1776, on the same side of the\\nstream with him. He left his fires burning, but in the dark-\\nness crossed the bridge, removed the timbers except two log-\\ngirders, and took up a position supporting Lillington and\\nAshe, who had already put themselves in the best place to\\nprevent the passage of the Tories.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "92 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. In the darkness of early dawn, on the 27th, Colonel\\nDonald McLeod (Mak-lowcV) took the place of his sick com-\\nmander, General McDonald, and burst into what he had been\\nled to believe was Colonel Caswell s cam}) but his spies had\\nbeen misled, and his foes were to be reached only by cross-\\ning the bridge before him. The prospect was appalling, but\\nMcLeod was brave, so putting himself at the head of a picked\\nband of broad-swordsmen, he charged across the two logs.\\nIt was a terrible moment when the Whigs saw these dauntless,\\nbare-legged Highlanders, who had so often broken the strong-\\nest lines of troops in Europe, rushing furiously upon them.\\nBut they were cool, and the deadly rifles were plied upon the\\nScotchmen as fast as they came.\\n9. Colonel McLeod fell dead in his headlong charge, being\\npierced by twenty-six balls. The carnage was so frightful that\\nthe onset was stayed, and then as the assailants became doubtful\\nof forcing their way, Captain Ezekiel Slocumb, with his com-\\npany, rushed from the woods and charged their startled flank.\\nA wild panic ensued, and the Tories fled in disorder from\\nthe fatal bridge.\\n10. The Whigs followed in hot pursuit, and the victory\\nwas overwhelming and complete. Nearly two thousand of\\nthe Loyalists were thus defeated by eleven hundred undis-\\nciplined Whigs. Eight hundred prisoners, including Gen-\\neral McDonald, with all the camp stores, were taken.\\n11. There was not a more complete victory during the war.\\nIt thwarted the schemes of Governor Martin, and so dis-\\npirited the Scotch and Regulators that years were to elapse\\nbefore further trouble came from them. Lord Cornwallis\\ncame into the Cape Fear River with his army, but hearing of\\nthe disaster, sailed away, having effected nothing but an\\ninglorious descent upon the farm of General Robert Howe.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "THE REVOLUTION. 93\\n12. Thus began and ended the first British invasion of\\nNorth Carolina. Colonel Moore was made a General for his\\nwisdom in planning the campaign, and Caswell, Lillington\\nand Ashe, with their gallant command, were everywhere\\nhonored for their bravery and success.\\nNote. A proclamation was issued soon after this, giving pardon to all\\nwho would submit to the government of the King, except General Robert\\nHowe and Cornelius Harnett.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. In what scheme was Governor Martin found engaged Who was\\nsent to Virginia\\n2. What forces went to South Carolina?\\n3. What is the meaning of the term Tory Of Whig\\n4. What was the situation in Wilmington in 1776? What important\\nnews was received\\n5. What expedition was coming to Wilmington How was it to be\\nre-inforced How was Colonel Moore preparing to meet these men from\\nCross Creek?\\n6. Mention other preparations for a tight.\\n7. Give an account of Colonel Caswell s position on Moore s Creek\\n8. Who commanded the Tories Describe his charge upon the Whigs.\\n9. Give an account of the battle of Moore s Creek. When did this\\noccur? Locate the scene of this battle on the map.\\n10. What was the result\\n11. What was the effect of the victory What distinguished British\\nofficer entered the Cape Fear\\n12. How did the people feel towards Colonel Moore and the other com-\\nmanding officers", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "94 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXII.\\nINDEPENDENCE DECLARED.\\nA. D. 1776 TO 1777.\\nWhen the wisest men in North Carolina gathered at Hali-\\nfax on April 4, 1776, it was quickly seen that a great change\\nhad been effected in the sentiments of the Congress. A year\\nbefore nearly all were professing loyalty to the British Crown,\\nbut in a few days it was determined that instructions should\\nbe sent to the North Carolina members of the Continental\\nCongress that they should take such steps as would promote\\nan early declaration of independence by the united colonies.\\n2. With the exception of the Mecklenburg Declaration of\\nthe year before, there had been, up to that time, nowhere in\\nall America a single organized body to venture on such a pro-\\nposition. Individuals like Samuel Adams, William Hooper\\nand Christopher Gadsden, had been heard advocating it; but\\nevery other assembly was yet protesting its loyalty to the\\nKing. It was more than a month before Virginia would yet\\nconsent to Patrick Henry s demands, and the other colonies\\nwere to follow at intervals after her endorsement.\\n3. In the annals of the world there is no prouder record\\nthan the entry made on the journals of the Halifax Congress,\\non the 13th day of April, 1776. A great fleet and army\\nwere yet upon the soil and within the waters of North Caro-\\nlina, but this fleet could not deter these resolute patriots from\\nthus taking the lead in a doubtful aud perilous departure\\nfrom all the ties and obligations of the past.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "INDEPENDENCE DECEAKED. 95\\n4. It can then be understood how joyously the new- was\\nreceived at this same town of Halifax, on July 22(1, that the\\nContinental Congress had aceeeded to the wishes of North\\nCarolina, and had, on the 4th day of the same month, declared\\nthe Independence of America.\\n5. The Council of Safety was at that time in session at\\nHalifax, and Cornelius Harnett, as the highest civil function-\\nary in the commonwealth, read to a great assemblage of the\\npeople that sublime protest against wrong and appeal to the\\nGod of Battles, which Thomas Jefferson had so lately form-\\nulated at Philadelphia. It was ordered to be read in all\\nportions of North Carolina, and with one exception as to the\\ncounties, the mandate of the civil authorities was everywhere\\nobeyed.\\n6. All the North Carolina troops then in arms, including\\nthe two Continental battalions and the militia under General\\nAshe, were sent to Charleston. They were spectators of the\\ncombat in which the gallant Moultrie, with his fort of pal-\\nmetto logs, so signally defeated the same fleet under Sir Peter\\nParker that had been so recently in Cape Fear River.\\n7. General James Moore started north from Charleston in\\ncommand of his brigade, but died in Wilmington. Colonel\\nFrancis Nash succeeded to his place. General Howe was sent\\nto Savannah to take command there, having with him his old\\ncommand, the Second North Carolina Battalion. Four new\\nbattalions were ordered by the Provincial Congress and were\\nsoon to be in the field.\\n8. On the same day with the battle in Charleston Harbor,\\nJune 28, 1776, the Cherokee Indians descended from their\\nmountain homes and murdered two hundred western settlers.\\nGeneral Griffith Rutherford collected two thousand men of", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "96 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nthe militia regiments in his command, and took such swift\\nand ample vengeance that from that time these Indians\\nwere to be of no more trouble to the frontier. They had been\\nincited by British agents in their disastrous work.\\n9. With the declaration of independence, it was at once\\ndetermined, at Halifax, to create a State constitution and gov-\\nernment, and but for a resolution of some member to insert\\nreligious tests in the new organic law, the whole matter would\\nhave been then consummated. A convention met at Halifax,\\nin December, and there framed a constitution for the State of\\nNorth Carolina.\\n10. Samuel Johnston had presided in the Congresses since\\nthe death of Colonel Harvey; but he held views that were dis-\\ntasteful to the people, and in that way Colonel Caswell was\\nnot only selected to be president of the convention, but also\\nthe first Governor of the State. He had come to North Caro-\\nlina from Maryland in the time of Governor Gabriel John-\\nston. He was a mere youth then, but was soon engaged in\\nimportant duties. His wisdom and discretion were such that\\nhe had already been Speaker and Treasurer in the royal rule,\\nand since then a member of Congress and Colonel in the\\nNew Bern district.\\n11 The new government went into operation at once, and\\nthe great work of supplying the State with judges, sheriffs,\\nmagistrates and other officers began. For several years past\\nthere had been no courts to punish offenders or administer the\\nlaw otherwise. Everything had been in the hands of the\\nprovincial and district committees of safety. The British\\nenemy was far from their borders, and though danger still\\nlurked in the Tory strongholds, the Whigs went forward\\ntowards completing the great work of a free people in a", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "INDEPENDENCE DECLARED. 97\\nsovereign commonwealth governing themselves. In throwing\\noff their allegiance to King George III., there was no fealty\\ndue from the people to any authority but the State of North\\nCarolina. They were struggling with other communities to\\nput down royal oppression, and their only obligation was to\\nGod and North Carolina.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What great changes were observed in North Carolina after the Hali-\\nfax Congress? What instructions were sent to the North Carolina mem-\\nbers of the Continental Congress?\\n2. Was North Carolina the only State asserting independence at this\\ntime How was the matter viewed by prominent men\\n3. What is said of the proceedings of the Halifax Congress on April\\n13, 1776?\\n4. W T hat was done by the Congress at Philadelphia in regard to the\\nproposition of North Carolina to declare independence?\\n5. What did the people of Halifax do when the news of the Declara-\\ntion of Independence came\\n6. Where were the North Carolina troops at this time What engage-\\nment did they witness\\n7. What valuable officer died at Wilmington Who succeeded him\\nTo what place was General Howe ordered\\n8. How were the western settlers visited with disaster about this period\\nWho went to their relief?\\nO. What was determined at Halifax concerning a government for the\\nState? What defeated the movement? When and where was the State\\nConstitution framed\\n10. Who was selected as the first Governor of North Carolina Can\\nyou tell something of Governor Caswell s history?\\n11. Describe the operations of the new government? What was the\\ngeneral political condition of the people of North Carolina\\n13", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "98 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXIII.\\nTHE WAR CONTINUED.\\nA, D, 1777 TO 1779.\\nWhen the obstinate cruelty of King George, and more than\\na year of bloodshed had banished from American hearts\\nall sentiment of loyalty to the Crown, it was seen that a new\\ngovernment was needed in place of that under which the colo-\\nnists had previously lived. There was division among the\\nwisest men in North Carolina as to the nature of the new\\nsystem which had thus become necessary.\\n2. Samuel Johnston was a very wise, rich and patriotic\\nleader. He had large experience in public affairs and was\\ndevoted to his country, but thought that new experiments in\\ngovernment were dangerous. He wished to keep up the old\\nsystem of rule as far as possible, and did not believe in the\\npower of the people to properly govern themselves. These\\nviews were also held by General Allen Jones, of Northamp-\\nton, and other very prominent men.\\n3. On the other hand, Willie Jones of Halifax, brother of\\nGeneral Allen Jones, was the leader of a majority of the leg-\\nislators and people. He held as the fundamental article of\\nhis political creed, that the American people were capable of\\ntaking care of themselves, and that all political power belonged\\nto and proceeded from them. Like Jefferson of Virginia, he\\nadvocated religious freedom, separation of Church and State,\\nliberty of the press and choice of rulers by the masses at the\\nballot-box. All these new and startling departures from old\\nprecedents were incorporated into the new State government", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "THE WAR CONTINUED. 99\\nof North Carolina.* The British troops were far away to\\nthe north, and Governor Caswell and his coadjutors were left\\nundisturbed to put into successful operation all branches of an\\nuntried system.\\n4. All of the North Carolina Continentals were with Gen-\\neral Washington early in the new year 1777. They reached\\nhim in a great emergency. His army had just been driven\\nfrom New York across the State of New Jersey, and such\\nhad been his losses by battle and otherwise, that when he\\nreached the Delaware River he could hardly muster five thou-\\nsand men.\\n5. Sir William Howe, the British Commander-in-Chief,\\nhad twenty-nine thousand trained soldiers available, and when\\nLord Cornwallis, who had been pursuing the Americans, was\\nhalted by him, it was the salvation of the force left with\\nGeneral Washington. Had Sir William forborne to give that\\norder to Cornwallis, which stopped the British advance, the\\nstruggle would have soon ended in the capture of Washing-\\nton. After a week of delay, Cornwallis was permitted to\\nadvance, and even then came up in time to see the last boat-\\nloads of the American troops crossing the great river which\\nso effectually stopped all further pursuit.\\n1777. 6. When General Nash arrived at the American\\ncamp, after his long march from the south, he brought\\nsix full battalions of North Carolina Continentals, nearly\\ndoubling the force upon which the hopes of America mainlv\\n*On page 32 the language used in the note concerning religions\\npersecution is perhaps too broad. Koger Williams had established under\\nthe royal charter the first human government containing full religions\\nliberty. Rhode Island, of course, never witnessed any persecution for non-\\nconformity and later, in Pennsylvania and Maryland, complete toleration\\nwas extended to all Christians.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "100 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ndepended. By this means General Washington was able soon\\nafter to confront the advancing enemy in the battle of Brandy-\\nwine, on September 11th. At this and other engagements\\nthe North Carolina troops displayed both courage and dis-\\ncipline.\\n7. It was on the bloody occasion of the attack upon the\\nBritish force at German town, October 4th, that their most\\nglorious record was made. General Washington entrusted the\\npost of honor on the extreme right flank of his line of attack\\nto General Francis Nash. The British were driven by the\\nNorth Carolinians a long distance on the right of the village,\\nbut the American divisions which had been sent in on the left\\nfailed to dislodge the enemy, and in this way left General\\nNash s force exposed both on his left and rear.\\n8. It was a glorious but bloody day for North Carolina.\\nThe brigade suffered heavy loss in advancing, but greater\\nwhen compelled to fall back for want of support. General\\nNash was mortally wounded, and Colonel Edward Buncombe,\\nwith Lieutenant-Colonel Irwin, and many other gallant ofiV\\ncers, was slain upon the field.\\n1778. 9. It was not until 1778 that the courts were fully\\nestablished. Judges Ashe, Iredell and Spencer held terms at\\nWilmington and at five other towns twice a year. Waight-\\nstill Avery, as Attorney-General, was busy in trials for trea-\\nson against the State. There were many men who yet labored\\nto restore the King s authority, and against them was needed\\nall the vigilance possible, both in the courts and at military\\nheadquarters.\\n10. At length the British forces were directed again toward\\nthe south. On December 29th General Robert Howe was\\ndriven from Savannah (Sa-van nah) by General Prevost", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "THE WAR CONTINUED. 101\\n(Preh vo), where the Second Battalion of Continentals was con-\\nfronted by a regiment of North Carolina Tories under Colonel\\nJohn Hamilton. Howe and his command were transferred\\nto West Point, on the Hudson River, of which important post\\nhe was soon commander, with the rank of Major-General.\\n1779. 11. More than three years of the war had passed\\naway without serious disaster to North Carolina. No invaders\\ndisturbed her borders, and beyond the grief for friends slain\\nin battle, there was cause for gratitude to God that so few evils\\nof the war had yet visited the Old North State.\\n12. General Washington had evinced such nobility of soul\\nand great military capacity that all American hearts were soon\\nto be filled with love and admiration. With far-seeino; wis-\\ndom, he was patiently biding his time to strike his enemies,\\nand in foreign lands other great soldiers were applauding the\\nmingled caution and boldness of his military movements.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What did the colonists find necessary? How did the prominent men\\nview the matter\\n2. What were the views of Governor Johnston\\n3. What did W i 1 1 ie Jones consider necessary for the people?\\n4. Where were the North Carolina troops at this time What was the\\ncondition of Washington s array?\\n5. How were the Continental troops benefited by an order of Sir Wil-\\nliam Howe\\n6. What battle was fought on September 11, 1777\\n7. On what battle field did the North Carolina troops specially distin-\\nguish themselves on October 4th Relate the circumstances.\\n8. How did General Nash and his troops suffer in this action\\n9. When were the courts fully established Can you mention some-\\nthing of the judicial system in this period?\\n10. What occurred at Savannah on December 29th To what place\\nwas General Howe then transferred\\n11. What cause had North Carolina to be grateful\\n12. What is said of General Washington?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "102 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXI V.\\nSTONY POINT AND CHARLESTON\\nA, D. 1779 TO 1780.\\nWith the capture of Savannah came uneasiness to all the\\nSouthern States. It was seen at once that Georgia was but a\\nstarting point in a general scheme of transferring hostilities\\nfrom the north. Early in 1779 General John Ashe reached\\nCharleston with two or more brigades of militia. These were\\nhurried off at the importunate demands of the Governor of\\nSouth Carolina, by General Benjamin Lincoln, to attack the\\nBritish at Augusta.\\n2. General Ashe remonstrated, saying his men were not\\nyet ready for active service in the field but he went as directed.\\nOn his approach the enemy retired down the Savannah River,\\nand Ashe, dividing his force, was so unfortunate as to fall\\ninto an ambush on Brier Creek, where his two thousand men\\nat once became panic-stricken and were badly beaten.\\n3. In the month of July this disaster was most brilliantly\\ncontrasted on the Hudson River. This was at Stony Point,\\nwhere a strong American fortification had been recently cap-\\ntured by the British. General Wayne found that it was gar-\\nrisoned by six hundred Scotch Highlanders, constituting one\\nof the regular Royal regiments. The work was nearly sur-\\nrounded by the river and morasses, and the single approach\\nwas so swept by the guns of the work, and also by those of\\nseveral ships of war lying close by for the purpose of aiding\\nin its defense, that it seemed well-nigh hopeless to attempt its\\ncapture.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "STONY POINT AND CHARLESTON. 103\\n4. Bat Mad Anthony Wayne was in command, and he\\nrarely turned from a purpose because of danger in its execu-\\ntion. He drew near at midnight, and with unloaded muskets,\\nand courage that has never been surpassed, captured the\\nstronghold at the point of his bayonets.\\n5. Two columns of assault were sent in on his right and\\nleft; but to Major Hardy Murfree s two companies of the\\nSecond North Carolina Continental Battalion, as a forlorn\\nhope, was the post of real honor and danger assigned. They\\ncharged full in front, up the steep hill-side, through several\\nlines of abattis, and in this way received the hottest of the\\nenemy s fire.\\n6. Governor Caswell was succeeded, at the beginning of\\nthe year, by Abner Nash as Chief Magistrate of North Caro-\\nlina. The Constitution provided that after three years service\\nthe Executive became ineligible for another term. Governor\\nNash, like his predecessor, was a man of ability and patriot-\\nism, but did not equal him in the versatility of his power or\\nhis consummate skill in the management of men.\\n1780. 7. When the year 1780 had come, all of the North\\nCarolina troops of the line were ordered to the south. They\\nwere at Charleston with General Lincoln, being besieged\\nthere in the month of February by an overwhelming force\\nunder Sir Henry Clinton. In addition to the army, the\\nBritish Generalissimo had come down from New York with\\na great fleet.\\n8. The brave defense was all unavailing, and on May 12th\\nGeneral Lincoln was forced to surrender. It was a direful\\nday for North Carolina. All six of the Continental battal-\\nions and a full thousand of her militia became prisoners of\\nwar. It was a fatal rashness in General Lincoln to have", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "104 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nallowed himself to be cooped up in a city. Thus, while no\\nreal benefit resulted to the American cause, or to the Palmetto\\nState, North Carolina was, at one fell blow, stripped of all\\nher defenders.\\n9. Sir Henry Clinton sailed back to New York after the\\ncapitulation, but he left a man of far superior ability, with an\\narmy, to continue the conquest of South Carolina. This was\\nthe Earl Cornwallis, who was the bravest and most skillful\\nBritish soldier then in the world. He was to remain this\\ntime long enough to be forever remembered, and to take bloody\\nvengeance for his inglorious experience with Sir Peter Parker\\nfour years before.\\n10. The first movement of Cornwallis, after capturing\\nCharleston, was to send Lieutenant-Colonel Tarleton (Tarl\\nton), with his dragoons, to intercept a column of infantry\\nwhich was approaching from Virginia, under the command\\nof Colonel Buford. These were surprised and cut to pieces.\\nAmong others, the North Carolina company of Captain John\\nStokes, lost heavily in the sudden and bloody attack.\\n11. This disaster occurred in the Waxhaw (Wax haw) set-\\ntlement, and was on the State line, not far from Charlotte, in\\nNorth Carolina. Thus, not a troop of disciplined soldiers was\\nleft for the defence of this State, when everything indicated a\\nspeedy invasion, except the two companies of mounted infantry\\nwhich were commanded by the gallant Major William R.\\nDavie (Da vee). This little band hovered continually in the\\nneighborhood of the scene of Colonel Buford s defeat.\\n12. Governor Rutledge, of South Carolina, upon the fall of\\nCharleston, offered to cease fighting the British if they would\\nallow his State to remain neutral for the remainder of the\\nwar but a very different feeling actuated Governor Nash and", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "STONY POINT AND CHARLESTON. 105\\nhis people when apprised of the great disaster. If the Con-\\ntinental veterans were all prisoners, there were still brave\\nhearts and deadly rifles left with whieh to continue the struggle.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was apprehended in North Carolina after the fall of Savannah,\\nand why Who was put in command of the brigades under General John\\nAshe? Where were these troops carried?\\n2. What befel the command on the route?\\n3. What victory was gained by the Americans on Hudson River? Who\\nwas in command Describe the situation of Stony Point.\\n4. Give an account of the attack on this stronghold?\\n*5. What troops occupied the post of special danger? Plow did they\\nperform their duty\\nG. Who succeeded Governor Caswell W T hy was Governor Caswell\\nnot re-elected.\\n7. Where were the North Carolina soldiers in 1780? What enemy\\nwas besieging them\\n8. How did the siege terminate Why was this surrender disastrous\\nto North Carolina\\nO. What did Clinton do after the capitulation Who was left in com-\\nmand of the British What is said of Lord Cornwallis?\\n10. What was his first military movement? Describe the engagement\\nbetween Tarleton and Buford.\\n11. Where did this action occur? What was the condition of North\\nCarolina s defences\\n12. What proposition was made to the British by the Governor of\\nSouth Carolina? What was the sentiment in North Carolina?\\n14", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "106 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXV.\\nTHE MEN OF THE MOUNTAINS AND THE BATTLE OF\\nCAMDEN.\\nA, D. 1780,\\nWhen the great disaster at Charleston became known to the\\nNorth Carolina Tories, and they had fully realized that British\\ntroops were close at hand, and probably coming, the spirit that\\nhad seemed crushed at Moore s Creek began to revive. They\\nhad suffered indignities from the Whigs on account of their\\nsupport of the King, and they now determined on swift and\\nbloody revenge.\\n2. John Moore, who was Lieutenant-Colonel in Hamilton s\\nRegiment, returned to his former residence and assembled,\\nearly in June, thirteen hundred Loyalists at Ramsour s Mill.\\nGeneral Rutherford, hearing of this in his camp near the\\nWaxhaws, thought it impolitic to leave that position because\\nof a threatened movement of the British then in his front.\\nHe therefore sent orders to Colonel Francis Locke, of Rowan,\\nto assemble his militia and at once attack the Tories.\\n3. No command was ever more promptly or bravely obeyed.\\nLocke mustered four hundred of his neighbors, and went\\nthrough the darkness of the night in search of foes outnum-\\nbering him threefold. At early dawn on the 20th, with\\nmounted men in front, he charged boldly upon the Tory camp\\nthat was pitched near a mill in sight of the present village of\\nLincolnton. The Loyalists fled before the first charge, but\\nrallied on a hill and checked the horsemen in pursuit. The\\nWhigs on foot came to the rescue and drove them, routed, from\\nthe field.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "BATTLE OF CAMDEN. 107\\n4. This brilliant and important victory was all-important\\nat that fearful juncture. It was a bloody and heroic affair,\\nand was a foretaste of what resistance might be expected of\\nthe brave mountain men. It was a struggle between neigh-\\nbors and ancient friends, and carried bereavement to hundreds\\nof North Carolina fire-sides.\\n5. Major Davie, with his small command, commenced a\\nseries of daring adventures, which immortalized his name for\\nbravery and military skill. At Flat Rock, also at Hanging\\nRock in South Carolina, he inflicted such stunning blows that\\nTarleton s Legion found it had a foe who could be as daring as\\nhe was wary. Colonel Isaac Shelby, at Musgrove s Mill, also\\nperformed a feat of romantic daring.\\n6. Thus, wholly unaided by any Continental authorities,\\nthe militia of North Carolina assumed the defence of their\\nhomes and inflicted such frequent and telling blows upon the\\nenemy that Lord Cornwallis halted at Camden to receive fur-\\nther re-inforcements before venturing upon the stubborn race\\nthat could be so dangerous with so little military preparation.\\n7. Upon the fall of Charleston, General Horatio Gates was\\nput in command in the South, in place of General Lincoln.\\nHis success at Saratoga had given him great popularity, and\\nsome misguided men were advocating his substitution even in\\nthe place of General Washington. It was only necessary to\\nwait a short time to show the folly of all such views. He\\nwas, at best, an empty old martinet, who had learned something\\nof military routine in the camps, but was as devoid of real\\nability as he was vain and rash. He was soon to prove that\\nthe old story of General Schuyler s (Ski ler) being the real\\nhero at Saratoga was true.\\n8. He came to Deep River on July 25th, where in camp\\nhe found one Delaware and two Maryland battalions of Conti-", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "108 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ncentals. Colonel Armand s light-horse and three companies\\nof artillery, under the command of the Baron DeKalb. Learn-\\ning that General Caswell had a considerable militia force at\\nCheraw in South Carolina, he started, two days later, for the\\nneighborhood of Lord Cornwallis and his army at Camden.\\n9. He reached Cheraw with some additional troops that had\\njoined him on the march. On August 15th, taking a large\\nportion of Caswell s militia, he set out with the purpose of\\nsurprising Cornwallis. Colonel Armand was marching in front\\nwhen, at midnight, his dragoons recoiled from an unexpected\\nmeeting with the British vanguard. The collision was unex-\\npected on both sides, and threw General Gates column into\\ndisorder.\\n10. He was vainly besought by his officers to retreat, as the\\nveteran force of the enemy had not been surprised. Both\\nsides halted and prepared for battle. At dawn Lord Corn-\\nwallis sent his regulars with fixed bayonets upon the militia on\\nthe right, and they fled ingloriously from the field.\\n11. Colonel Henry Dickson held his regiment of North\\nCarolina militia firmly to the front, and with the Continental\\ntroops, they offered a most stubborn and gallant defence. But\\nthe flight of so many made it necessary to withdraw the few\\nwho thus contested the field.\\n12. The American defeat was complete. Two thousand\\nmen were killed, wounded and captured. All the stores and\\ntransportation were utterly lost. General Gates fled early\\nin the action, and spurred on without stopping, to Hillsboro,\\nin this State. He had apparently ruined the American cause\\nin the South, and was to disappear from the arena of military\\naffairs.\\nNote. The capture of General Griffith Rutherford at Camden was one\\nof the most deplorable incidents of the disaster. His courage, military", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "BATTLE OF CAMDEN. 109\\nability and influence among his people made him invaluable to the Ameri-\\ncan cause.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was the feeling of the Tories in North Carolina after the disas-\\nter at Charlotte?\\n2. Where were the Tories assembling Who was sent to attack them\\n3. Describe the attack. What was the result?\\n4. In what respect was this an important victory?\\n*5. Mention some of Major Davie s exploits.\\n6. Hew did these engagements affect Cornwallis?\\n7. Who was put in command of the southern forces? What kind of\\nman was General Gates\\n8. What was his first military movement?\\n9. What occurred on August loth, 1780?\\n10. How did the engagement result?\\n11. What is said of Colonel Dickson and his regiment\\n12. What was the termination of this affair? How did General Gates\\nact", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "110 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXVI.\\nTHE INVASION OF CORNWALLIS.\\nA, D. 1780.\\nGeneral Gates, by his rashness, had again destroyed the\\narmy to which North Carolina looked for defence against the\\ninvasion of the British under Lord Corn wal lis. But Governor\\nNash did not for a moment falter in his efforts for the con-\\ntinuance of the war and the protection of the people. In a\\nshort time five thousand Continental and militia troops were\\nin motion for the neighborhood of Charlotte.\\n2. Generals Jethro Sumner and William L. Davidson were\\nput in command of two camps, where the raw levies were\\ndrilled and equipped for the field. Colonel Davie was still\\ncontinually in the enemy s front, to watch and report every\\nmovement. Since the rout and dispersion of General Sum-\\nter s command by Tarleton, this was the only mounted force\\nleft in the South.\\n3. In September Lord Corn wal lis at last moved forward\\nfrom his camp at Camden. He sent Colonel Patrick Fergu-\\nson toward the scene of the late Tory defeat at Ramsour s\\nMill. This Colonel Ferguson was one of the ablest officers\\nin all the King s armies. He was cool, daring and skilled in\\neverything relating to the conduct of military affairs. He\\ncould manage men in camps and in battle, and excelled all\\nothers in arousing the spirit of the Tories. He induced hun-\\ndreds of men to take sides with the King when another\\nwould have failed in so doing.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "THE INVASION OF CORNWALLIS. Ill\\n4. As Lord Cornwallis marched upon North Carolina,\\nColonel Davie hung upon his front and fell back only as com-\\npelled by the advance of the British army. He made but one\\ndash against his pursuers before reaching Charlotte but there\\nhe and Major Joseph Graham halted under the court-house in\\nthe middle of the village, and surprised Cornwallis and the\\nwhole British army with their stubborn and bloody reception\\nin the place so often called the Hornet s Nest.\\n5. The English Earl was so harassed by the daring attacks\\nof the militia upon his men at Mclntyre s Farm and else-\\nwhere, that he concluded to remain at Charlotte until he could\\nhear from Colonel Ferguson. That officer had halted at a\\nplace called Gilberttown, where his one hundred and fifty\\nBritish Regulars were .soon re-inforced bv large numbers of\\nnative Royalists, who came to the English flag to take service\\nin its behalf.\\n6. Colonel Charles McDowell and others, hearing that Fer-\\nguson was enrolling the Tories, met at Watauga and took\\ncounsel against him. No General was present, and McDowell\\nwas so old they feared he would be unable to endure the\\nprobable hard marching necessary if they should overtake\\ntheir wily foe. Colonel Campbell, of Virginia, as a cour-\\ntesy to one belonging outside of the State, was put in com-\\nmand by the North Carolina officers, and they set out to look\\nfor the enemy.\\n7. Colonels Shelby, Sevier (Se-veer Cleaveland, and Wil-\\nliams, of South Carolina, together with Major Joseph Mc-\\nNote. Davie s whole force did not number more than two hundred men,\\nand yet so cool and bravely did they meet the British assault, that the\\nenemy was several times driven back. Major Graham was, at that time,\\njust twenty-one years old, and he exhibited such courage and conduct as\\nhave never been excelled. In one attack upon him he received nine\\nwounds and was left for dead on the field, but made his escape.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "112 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nDo well, selected nine hundred picked men from their mounted\\nforce, and through the stormy thirty hours of their march kept\\ntheir saddles until they found the foe on the summit of King s\\nMountain. It was a strong position, but the heroic moun-\\ntaineers surrounded it at once, and on October 7th began the\\nattack.\\n8. Ferguson fought like a lion at bay, but the deadly rifles\\nof the assailants were plied upon his ranks as the Loyalists\\nwere pushed back step by step. Time and again the British\\ncommander headed the regulars, and by desperate charges\\nwould drive back a portion of the advancing Whig lines. At\\nlast Ferguson was slain, after being many times wounded, and\\nsoon the British fire slackened, and then to the nine hundred\\nmilitiamen of the hills the remnant of eleven hundred and\\ntwenty-five Loyalists laid down their arms and six hundred\\nbecame prisoners of war.\\n9. It was a bloody and glorious victory. Nearly all the\\nlarge number of British disabled were dead upon the field.\\nTheir proportion of wounded was perhaps smaller than was\\never seen in a modern battle. The Whigs lost three field\\nofficers, one captain and fifty-three privates. The whole bat-\\ntle had been fought around the lofty summit of the mountain,\\nwhich was a level table five hundred yards long and seventy\\nbroad.\\n10. It was a most opportune success, and apprised Lord\\nCornwallis of what dangers might await his further advance.\\nHe became so disheartened upon learning of the disaster that\\nhe at once fell back to Winnsboro, in South Carolina. Joy\\nwent out to every patriot heart in America. North Carolina\\nwas again freed of invaders, and the Tories of every section\\nfelt their hopes sink as they realized the swiftness and com-\\npleteness of this overthrow of their coadjutors.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "THE INVASION OF CORNWALLIS. L13\\n11. The victory of King s Mountain was a great blessing\\nto the American cause in the South, and an equal benefit accrued\\nin the arrival of Major-General Nathaniel Greene, of Rhode\\nIsland, who was sent by General Washington as the Southern\\ncommander, in place of General Gates. At last a truly wise\\nand jjreat soldier had come to redeem a brave cause from the\\ncurse and ruin of incompetent Generals.\\n12. General Greene was soon to prove himself a great com-\\nmander. He was gentle, unselfish and true, and loved the\\ncause for which he fought better than his own life. He was\\nbrave, cautious and quick to seize upon all the faults of his\\nopponent. He could patiently wait until battle was proper,\\nand even in apparent defeat was really more dangerous than\\nless competent commanders are often seen with a foe beaten\\nand in full flight.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What number of troops did General Nash raise toward the defence\\nof North Carolina\\n2. What Generals were put in command? Where was Colonel Davie?\\n3. What move did Cornwallis make? To what place was Colonel Fer-\\nguson sent? What is said of him as a commander?\\n4. Where was Colonel Davie? Relate the exploit of Colonel Davie\\nand Major Joseph Graham at Charlotte.\\n5. What were the movements of Cornwallis ond Ferguson\\nO. What preparations were made towards attacking Ferguson Who\\nwas put in command of the troops, and why\\n7. What was the strength of the command Where did they find the\\nenemy When did the battle begin\\n8. Describe the battle of King s Mountain.\\n9. Mention some of the losses.\\n10. How did the victory affect Cornwallis?\\n11. What officer was sent to take the place of General Gates in the\\nSouth\\n12. What was General Greene s military ability?\\n15", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "114 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXVII.\\nCORNWALLIS LAST INVASION.\\nA. D. 1781,\\nGeneral Greene became aware that his great trouble would\\nbe in obtaining food in sufficient quantities to feed an army\\nlarge enough to meet the British in the open field. Generals\\nGregory and Jones were ordered back to their homes, and their\\nbrigades were disbanded because of this poverty of resources\\nin that section of the country. General Morgan was sent west\\nof Catawba River another camp was established at Cheraw,\\nand the militia of Rowan and Mecklenburg, under General\\nDavidson, were allowed to await at their homes for any call\\nthat might become necessary.\\n1781. 2. Such was the state of affairs in General Greene s\\ncommand, when Lord Cornwallis was re-inforced by the arrival\\nof another division of troops under the command of Major-\\nGeneral Leslie. On January 17th, Lieutenant-Colonel Tarle-\\nton, with his famous legion and the First Battalion of the\\nSeventy-first Regiment, assailed General Morgan at Cowpens.\\nThese men had so often cut to pieces such American forces\\nthat they expected an easy disposition of them on this occasion.\\n3. They were received by the Americans with the utmost\\ncoolness and self-possession. The deadly fire emptied so many\\nBritish saddles that the bold riders were thrown into confusion.\\nLike a thunderbolt, then came a charge of the American light-\\nhorse, under Lieutenant-Colonel William Washington. They\\nrode down and sabred the terrified Britons, chasing them for\\nmany miles from the field.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "CORNWALLIS LAST INVASION. 115\\n4. In less than an hour the eleven hundred British had been\\nso thoroughly beaten that they lost five hundred and two\\nprisoners, three hundred killed and wounded, with artillery\\nand stores. General Morgan had but eight hundred men, and\\nthough flushed with victory, he remembered that the main\\narmy of the enemy was at Turkey Creek, only twenty-five\\nmiles away. He burned his captured stores, and leaving his\\nand the enemy s wounded under protection of a flag, at once\\nbegan his retreat.\\n5. He well knew that Lord Cornwallis would be enraged at\\nTarleton s disaster, and would seek the recapture of his pris-\\noners. For twelve days the victors fled from the scene of their\\nglory, and sure enough, the British were pushing up all this\\ntime close behind them. At the expiration of that time, as\\nthe day was closing in, and General Morgan had just gotten\\nsafely over the Catawba River, he looked back and saw the\\nBritish vanguard on the other bank of the stream.\\n6. The exultant pursuers had overcome the twenty-five\\nmiles of start, and they lay down to sleep with the utmost\\nconfidence that on the next day they could easily overtake the\\nfugitives. But they miscalculated their chances. Soon the\\nrain began falling, and when the night was past, the river had\\nbecome a great flood and was pouring between them and the\\nopposite banks.\\n7. The baffled foe was compelled to halt, for the passage of\\nthe stream was impossible. The high water remained in the\\nriver for forty-eight hours, during which time the British\\nwere unable to effect a crossing. General Morgan sent his\\nmilitia with the prisoners on to Virginia, and with his Con-\\ntinentals, met General Greene at Sherrill s Ford. There they\\nunfortunately disagreed as to future operations and General\\nMorgan left the service.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "116 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. During the two days that Lord Cornwallis was stopped\\nby the rise in the Catawba River, General Greene made\\narrangements to dispute its passage. This was attempted, and\\nin the fight at Cowan s Ford, the British, after some loss, forced\\na passage. Unfortunately brave General Davidson, who was\\nin command of the militia, was killed, and upon his fall, his\\nmen retreated from the field. They were surprised by Tarle-\\nton at Torrence s Tavern, six miles away in the direction of\\nSalisbury.\\n9. The chase was renewed and General Greene was again\\nsubjected to great danger. When he reached Salisbury he was\\nso dejected at the condition of affairs that a good woman named\\nMrs. Elizabeth Steele sought to cheer him by words of hope.\\nHe told her how he was flying for life, and though he was the\\nSouthern commander, he was whollv without friends and with-\\nout money. She generously pressed upon him a purse of her\\nown savings, and with hope revived, he resumed his retreat.\\n10. A rise in the waters of Yadkin River after the Ameri-\\ncans had crossed, repeated the scenes witnessed on the Catawba,\\nand thus, while General Greene was enabled to reach his force\\nfrom Cheraw, Lord Cornwall is was compelled to make a wide\\ndetour up the river to get across.\\n11. Again, in a few days, the Americans, still retreating,\\nfound their enemies once more close up in their rear. For\\nNote. While General Greene was in the house of Mrs. Steele at Salis-\\nbury, he caught sight of a picture of King George III. hanging upon the\\nwall. The picture recalled many unpleasant memories and hardships to\\nthe General. He took it from the wall, and, with a piece of chalk, wrote\\nupon the back O, George, hide thy face and mourn. He then replaced\\nthe picture with its face to the wall and rode away. This picture, with the\\nwriting on the back still visible, is now thought to be in the possession\\nof Mrs. Governor Swain. [Rumple s History of Rowan County.]", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "coknw alms last invasion. 117\\nseveral days, ou long stretches in the road, the two armies could\\nsee each other.* At last, on February 13th, Dan River was\\nreached, and Lord Corn wall is came up only in time to see the\\nlast boat loads of the Americans safely landing on the other\\nside of the wide stream which was too deep for the British to\\nford.\\n12. Thus ended this famous retreat, extending more than\\ntwo hundred miles. It gave General Greene great reputation,\\nand the struggling Americans took fresh heart, for they knew\\nthey had a General in command who could provide wisely and\\nwell amid all the dangers so thickly environing him.\\n^General Greene was so hotly pursued that he found it necessary to\\ncheck the enemy in some way, and the gallant Colonel Otho H. Williams,\\nof Maryland, with a corps of light troops numbering seven hundred men,\\nwas detailed to cover the retreat. This detachment most faithfully per-\\nformed its duty. Taking but one meal each day, and six hours sleep in\\nforty-eight, they retarded the progress of the enemy so much, by frequent\\ncollisions, that Greene was enabled to considerably increase the distance\\nbetween the two armies.\\n1 QUESTIONS.\\n1. What great trouble did General Greene foresee? How did he dis-\\npose of the forces\\n2. At what place were the Americans attacked\\n3. Describe the battle of Camden. Where is Camden\\n4. What were the British losses? What was done by General Morgan\\n5. Describe the events of the next twelve days.\\n6. What occurred during the night while the two armies were camped\\non opposite sides of the river?\\n7. How did the rise in the river benefit the Americans? Find the\\nCatawba River on the map. What occurred at Sherrill s Ford\\n8. Give an account of the engagement at Cowan s Ford.\\n9. What happened to General Greene at Salisbury\\n10. What river was next crossed?\\n11. What river was crossed on February 13th, 1781\\n12. How many miles had Greene been pursued by Cornwallis Can\\nyou go to the map and trace the course of this famous retreat?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "118 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXVIII.\\nBATTLE OF GUILFORD COURT-HOUSE.\\nA, D. 1781.\\nWhen the British commander found that General Greene\\nwas completely beyond his reach, he went to Hillsboro and\\nerected the royal standard. In consequence of his proclama-\\ntions and the flight of General Greene from the State, several\\nhundred Tories collected under Colonel John Pyle and started\\nto join Lord Cornwallis. General Greene had sent Lieuten-\\nant-Colonel Henry Lee across Dau River to observe the\\nenemy.\\n2. Pyle and his Tories had no dream of meeting any but\\nBritish troops, and drew near uttering cheers for King\\nGeorge. Suddenly the bugles of the light-horse sounded a\\ncharge, and John Pyle and his men were cut down in their\\nplaces. In five minutes ninety lay dead upon the ground, and\\nnearly all the others were prisoners of war. This bloody\\naffair has been called Pyle s Hacking Match.\\n3. Major Joseph Graham, with his mounted force, had just\\nbefore captured a picket of twenty-five men a mile and a half\\naway from Hillsboro. General Polk s militia were also in\\nthe same vicinity, and soon General Greene, having received\\nre-inforcements, recrossed the Dan and assumed a position on\\nthe Reedy Fork, a confluent of Haw River.\\n4. Cornwallis, hearing of Pyle s disaster, left Hillsboro and\\nmoved westward to protect any Tories that might seek to\\nreach him. The first time the two armies again saw anything\\nof each other was at Whitsell s Mill. At that place Colonel", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "BATTLE OF GUILFORD COURT-HOUSE. 119\\nOtho H. Williams was posted with a body of light troops,\\nwhich Lord Cornwallis attempted to cut off from the main\\nbody. He failed in so doing, but both armies were filled with\\nadmiration at a display of personal gallantry.\\n5. Colonel Williams had posted sharp-shooters in and\\naround the mill-house. These discovered a British officer\\napproaching a ford below them, and saw that he was leading\\nmen and trying to cross the stream. Many deadly rifles were\\nsoon hurling their missiles around him, but slowly, and as if\\nunconscious of being under fire, he crossed in safety. This\\nintrepid man was Lieutenant-Colonel Wilson Webster, then a\\nbrigade commander under Cornwallis.\\n6. On March 15, 1781, General Greene being at the court-\\nhouse of Guilford county, learned that the British army was\\napproaching on the Salisbury road. He posted his men in\\nthree lines and awaited the enemy s arrival. He came on in\\nfine style, and the first American line, composed of militia,\\ngave ground, and only the men of the gallant Captain Forbis,\\nof the Hawfields, gained credit for their conduct. The\\nBritish found stubborn resistance in the second and third lines,\\nwhere the Continentals w r ere posted.\\n7. It was a furious and bloody conflict, and such havoc was\\nwrought in the British ranks by a charge of Colonels Howard\\nand Washington, that Lord Cornwallis opened fire with his\\nartillery upon his friends and foes alike, and thus checked\\nthis dangerous American movement. General Greene at\\nlength gave orders for retreat, and the field was left in the\\npossession of the British.\\n8. British valor was never more splendidly exhibited than\\nupon this hard fought field. With less than half of Greene s\\nforce, they had won the field, but the victory was too costly.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "120 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nAt least one-fourth of the British force was dead and disabled,\\nincluding the gallant Webster, the hero of Whitsell s Mill.\\nGeneral Greene, having halted close by the scene of conflict,\\nreturned three days later to again offer battle, but Lord Corn-\\nwallis was flying for safety. He who had so long sought to\\nbring on an engagement was now the fugitive.\\n9. General Greene followed in pursuit, but failing to overtake\\nhis foe, he turned his course and marched against Lord Raw-\\ndon, in South Carolina. He had virtually redeemed North\\nCarolina from the grasp of her foes, and went to enlarge the\\nbenefit by including the two other Southern commonwealths\\nin a similar blessing.\\n10. Lord Cornwallis went as fast as he could to Wilming-\\nton. His stay was short there, for he speedily marched, by\\nway of Halifax, to Virginia. There, ere long, this great\\nsoldier was to close his career in America. He had, with a\\nsmall portion of the British force under the command of Sir\\nHenry Clinton, accomplished more than all his compatriots.\\n11. There was to be yet another year of tribulation to\\nNorth Carolina by reason of David Fanning s movements, but\\nno more British armies were to bring ruin and terror to any\\nportion of the commonwealth. The purblind and misguided\\nTories were to continue a struggle fast growing desperate, and\\nto many a. household there w r ere shortly to come the most\\ncruel experiences of all the war.\\n12. Governor Nash had ceased from executive functions,\\nand Thomas Burke, of Orange, was his successor in office.\\nThis bold, gay and gifted Irishman had been conspicuous both\\nin the State Assembly and Continental Congress. He was\\nthoroughly devoted to the American cause, and was giving it\\nevery energy of his nature.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "BATTLE OF GUILFORD COURT-HOUSE. 121\\nQUESTIONS.\\nI. Where did Cornwallis next go What recruits were raised and who\\nwas put in command Who had General Greene appointed to watch the\\nenemy\\nU. Describe the surprise and defeat of Colonel Pyle and his men.\\n3. Mention the movements of Major Joseph Graham. Of General\\nGreene\\n4-. Give an account of the affair at Whitsell s Mill.\\n5. What special act of bravery is related\\n6. What occurred on March 15, 1781 Give some account of the battle\\nof Guilford Court-House.\\n7. How did the engagement terminate\\n8. What is said of the British victory What did General Greene do\\nthree days later\\n9. Where did he then go?\\n10. Where did Cornwallis carry his armv\\nII. What notorious man is now mentioned What was the condition of\\naffairs in the State at that time\\n12. Who succeeded Governor Nash, and what is said of him\\nIHi t\u00c2\u00abV H\\n16", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "122 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXIX.\\nINDEPENDENCE ACKNOWLEDGED.\\nA. D, 1781.\\nWhen Lord Cornwallis left Wilmington, in the month of\\nApril, 1781, on his way to Virginia, there were no British\\ntroops left in North Carolina but four hundred regulars\\nand some Tory recruits, constituting the garrison of Wilming-\\nton. Major James H. Craig was in command there, having\\ncaptured the place in the preceding January.\\n2. He had been trained to arms as his business in life.\\nWhen General Burgoyne surrendered at Saratoga, Craig was\\nhis Adjutant-General. He was skillful as a soldier, but\\nutterly unscrupulous as to the means he used to carry out his\\nobjects. Seeing the British driven from almost all the State,\\nhe determined to ruin a people he could not subdue, and\\nbegan to stir up a warfare of neighborhoods.\\n3. He found in David Fanning,* of Chatham, a powerful\\naid to this inhuman scheme. Fanning had been reared in\\nignorance and poverty, but was gifted by nature with cunning,\\nvalor and an utter disregard for every prompting to pity and\\nhumanity. He could plan well, execute swiftly and seemed\\nto grow more capable as dangers thickened around him.\\n4. To these qualities, which might have given him power\\nand fame, he added the practice of the most beastly and detest-\\n*David Fanning was born in Johnston county, about the year 1754. He\\nbore the rank of Colonel among his Tory followers. His entire career\\nthrough that period was a mixture of robberies, house-burnings and cold\\nblooded murders. In his Narrative he states that he was twice\\nwounded and fourteen times taken prisoner by the rebels.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "INDEPENDENCE ACKNOWLEDGED. 1 2\\nable vices. He had no regard for his duty to God or man,\\nand seemed in his actions utterly devoid of a sen.se of moral\\naccountability.\\n5. Such was the monster chosen by Major Craig to pillage\\nand ruin a large portion of the State. He was sent out from\\nWilmington to the different Tory settlements, and soon, from\\nWilmington, small parties were passing with orders to the\\nScotchmen and Regulators, and the butchery began. How\\nmany were slain, man by man, at his own fireside, will never\\nbe known. In a little while houses were burned in every\\ndirection, families butchered, and such a state of affairs existed\\nthat Colonel Tarleton declared that its continuance would\\nhave soon depopulated North Carolina.\\n6. Colonel Fanning began his military operations by sur-\\nprising a court-martial in Chatham. His prisoners were dis-\\nposed of by parole or sent to Wilmington. This was in July,\\n1781. His attack upon the house of Colonel Philip Alston,\\na few days later, was a more serious matter, for he encountered\\nstubborn resistance and some loss before compelling the sur-\\nrender of a force almost as large as his own, and protected by\\nthe walls of a large house. Four of the Whigs were killed,\\nand those who remained alive were spared from butchery bv\\nFanning only at the earnest appeals of Mrs. Alston.\\n7. Fanning s movements called for resistance, and Colonel\\nThomas Wade collected a force of more than three hundred\\nmen at McFall s Mill, in Cumberland county. These were\\nspeedily attacked and utterly driven from that portion of the\\ncountry. It was afterwards found by the victors that Colonel\\nDudley s Chatham regiment of cavalry was disbanded, and\\nFanning immediately pushed on to Hillsboro. On the morn-", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "124 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ning of September 12th, his force entered the town, and suc-\\nceeded in capturing Governor Burke and several other promi-\\nnent persons.\\n8. The bold marauders who had thus seized the capital of\\nthe State, at once started with their prisoners for Wilmington\\nbut tidings of their deeds had reached men who went to Cane\\nCreek, and at Lindley s Mills awaited their return. The\\nWhigs, nominally commanded by General John Butler, were\\nreally directed by Major Robert Mebane {Meb ane) in their\\nbrave and bloody reception of the Tories.\\n9. Colonel Hector McNeil, leading the attack, was slain,\\nand his followers driven back in confusion. It seemed that\\nGovernor Burke would be rescued and the whole Tory column\\ncaptured, when David Fanning, ever fertile in expedients,\\ndiscovered a ford in Cane Creek, and having crossed with a\\nportion of his command, he attacked the Whigs in the rear.\\nThis soon ended the battle, which was a bloody one to both\\nsides, with victory to the Tories.\\n10. About the same time with the capture of Hillsboro, a\\nmost gallant and successful attack was made upon the Tory\\nstronghold at Elizabethtown in Bladen county. There sixty\\nWhigs, in the favoring darkness of night, fell upon and drove\\nout a largely superior force, commanded by Colonel John\\nSlingsby. He and many of his men were slain, and Major\\nCraig was thus confined to his fortifications.\\n_______\\nNote. Colonel Fanning gives the account of this affair as follows We\\nreceived several shots from different houses however, we lost none and\\nsuffered no damage, except one man wounded. We killed fifteen of the\\nrebels and wounded twenty; and took upwards of two hundred prisoners\\namongst them was the Governor, his council, and part of the Conti-\\nnental colonels, several captains and subalterns, and seventy-one Conti-\\nnental soldiers out of a church. We proceeded to the gaol and released\\nthirty Loyalists and British soldiers.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "INDEPENDENCE DECLARED. 125\\n11. General Griffith Rutherford had been a prisoner since\\nthe battle of Camden. Upon his exchange, the dauntless and\\ntireless hero at once renewed his efforts to deliver North Caro-\\nlina from her foes. Soon he collected his brave Mecklen-\\nburg and Rowan militia and marched for Wilmington.\\n12. When he arrived near by, he received news of Lord\\nCornwallis surrender at Yorktown, on October 19, 1781.*\\nHe pushed on his lines, and when he drew near he found that\\nMajor Craig had taken ships and was flying from the land he\\nhad so scourged by his presence.\\n*The number of men enlisted from North Carolina in the Conti-\\nnental army during the Revolutionary war, was In 1775, 2,000 1776\\n4,134; 1777,1,281; 1778,1,287; 1779,4,930; 1780, 3,000; 1781,3,545;\\n1782,1,105; 1783,097. The State furnished, in Continental troops and\\nmilitia, 22,910 men.\\nIn no battle of the war was the righting more stubborn and bloody than\\nat Eutaw Springs, South Carolina. This occurred on September 8, 1781,\\nand upon the three North Carolina Continental battalions fell the brunt\\nof the strusirle.\\noo\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What British forces were in North Carolina after the departure of\\nCornwallis Who was in command at Wilmington?\\n2. Can you tell something of Major Craig?\\n3. Tell something of the character of David Fanning\\n4. Give further description of his traits.\\n5. Mention the horrible condition of the State under Farming s exploits.\\n6. Relate Fanning^ attack on the Chatham court-martial. What\\noccurred at Colonel Alston s house\\n7. What officer went to attack Fanning? What was the memorable\\nexploit of Fanning on September 12, 1781\\n8. What preparations were made for a fight at Lindley s Mill?\\n9. Describe the engagement.\\n10. What occurred at Elizabethtown\\n11. What was done by General Rutherford upon his exchange\\n12. What did he find upon his arrival at Wilmington", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "126 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXX.\\nPEACE AND INDEPENDENCE.\\nA. D. 1782 TO 1784.\\n1782. At last the seven years of war had all gone by.\\nDavid Fanning even ceased to murder his victims, and escaped\\nfrom the State he had so cruelly ravaged. He was the vilest\\nand bloodiest wretch ever seen in our limits, and most richly\\ndeserved the punishment of the gallows. He continued his\\ncriminal courses as long as he lived, and was pardoned for a\\ncapital felony committed on the Island of Cape Breton not\\nlong before his departure from this world.\\n2. The Whigs had triumphed in the long and deadly strug-\\ngle, and bitterly remembered how much they had suffered at\\nthe hands of the Tories. Many of these men had fled from\\nNorth Carolina, but under the treaty of peace, they sought to\\nreturn and recover the possession of their former homes. The\\npeople resolved that this should not be so, therefore, wherever\\nthe Tories had left their homes they were refused permission\\nto return.\\n3. By their patient bravery, the American people had not\\nonly achieved their personal freedom, but were also the masters\\nand owners of a vast and fertile realm. A broad land, watered\\nby noble streams and abounding in all natural resources, was\\ntheirs. By the blessing of God, their own bravery and the\\ntimely aid of their French allies, King George III. and the\\nParliament of Great Britain had most signally failed in their\\neffort to destroy the liberties of America.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "PEACE AND INDEPENDENCE. 127\\n4. When the news reached England of Cornwall is surren-\\nder, Lord North exclaimed: Oh God! It is all over. He\\nwell knew that the stubborn King had exhausted the patience\\nof the English people. They, and not the King and his\\nministers, at last put a stop to the bloodshed between the two\\ncountries. On November 30, 1782, a treaty was signed in\\nParis by which American independence was acknowledged.\\nThe mighty republic which has grown up in the century just\\npast, is a very different factor among the nations of the world\\nfrom what the subjugated colonies would have been.\\n5. When Fanning captured Governor Burke at Hillsboro,\\nthe Chief Magistracy of the State devolved upon Colonel Alex-\\nander Martin, of Guilford. This latter gentleman had seen\\nsome service in the field as an officer of the Continentals. He\\nwas shrewd as a politician, and was long highly honored in\\nthe multitude and importance of the trusts committed to his\\nkeeping. Governor Burke was treated, from the hour of his\\ncapture, with extraordinary harshness. He walked to Wil-\\nmington and was shipped by Major Craig to Charleston.\\n6. General Leslie, who commanded the British army in\\nSouth Carolina, placed the captive Governor upon an island\\nnear Charleston, where the deadly malaria was supplemented\\nby danger of assassination from certain Tories, who were loud\\nin their threats of executing such a purpose. Burke made\\nrepeated applications for a change of quarters, or for exchange\\nas a prisoner, but was told that he was kept as a hostage to be\\nexecuted in case of the capture and punishment of David\\nFanning.\\n7. After months of torture from such treatment, Governor\\nBurke, disregarding his parole to the limits of the island, ef-\\nfected his escape and returned to North Carolina. He resumed", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "128 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nexecutive functions for the short interval between his return\\nand the meeting of the Legislature. (He was defeated by\\nAlexander Martin in their contest for the Chief Magistracy,\\nand was deeply humiliated thereby) .The members of the\\nGeneral Assembly could not condone his breach of his parole,\\nand he regarded it as evidence of public condemnation. His\\nsensitive spirit was continually brooding over this and certain\\ndomestic afflictions; and despite the love and assurances of\\nmany warm friends and admirers, he was soon to fall a victim\\nto his own emotions.\\n1784. 8. When peace had been made, and the war-worn\\nContinentals had all returned to their homes, there were two\\nquestions of supreme moment to be settled by the State Legis-\\nlature. The men who had fought for and secured the liberties\\nof America, were still unpaid, and there was yet no general\\ngovernment among the different States.\\n9. Commissioners were appointed to sell the lands of refugee\\nTories, and from that and other sources to pay up the arrears\\ndue the North Carolina soldiers. Furthermore, the land now\\nknown as Tennessee, then a part of our State, was also to be\\nlargely devoted to the same patriotic purpose. General Greene\\nwas given twenty-five thousand acres, one-half that quantity\\nto brigadier-generals, and so on in a descending scale, to the\\nprivate soldiers.\\n10. The government created by the Articles of Confedera-\\ntion was at once seen to be defective. Many men began to\\ndiscuss how the States were to be guided in their relations to\\neach other, and many amendments were proposed.\\n11. Slowly the greatest of human problems was being\\nweighed and investigated. How were these people of the\\nwilderness to hedge about and transmit their privileges? It", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "PEACE AND INDEPENDENCE. 129\\nwas to be their peculiar glory not to care for themselves only,\\nbut, iu their mighty philanthropy, to embrace posterity\\nand the oppressed of all the world.\\nQUESTIONS.\\nI. How long did the Kevolutionary war continue? What are the\\nclosing reflections upon David Fanning s career?\\nii. Who were victors in the great struggle What is said of the Tories?\\n3. What had the x\\\\mericans gained by the contest?\\n4. When and where was the treaty of peace signed\\n5. Who had become Governor upon the capture of Governor Burke?\\nW T here was Governor Burke sent?\\nO. What was done with Governor Burke after he had reached Charles-\\nton What hardship and danger did he endure during captivity\\n7. How did he return to North Carolina Who defeated him in the\\ncontest for Governor? What was the cause of the defeat? What is said\\nof the latter days of Governor Burke s life\\n8. What great question was agitating the State after the war had ended\\n9. What plan was adopted towards paying off the soldiers? Mention\\nsome payments that were made to commanding officers.\\n10. What was thought of the new Articles of Confederation\\nII. What privilege was to belong to the American people?\\n17", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "130 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXXI.\\nTHE STATE OF FRANKLAND.\\nA. D. 1784 TO 1788.\\nDuring the years that followed upon the close of the Revolu-\\ntion, the people of North Carolina were busied with the res-\\ntoration of their ravaged fields and the development of the new\\nsystem of self-rule inaugurated by the convention of Halifax\\nin 1776. There were many good and wise men in America,\\nwho had no confidence in the perpetuity or effectiveness of a\\npolity which rested upon the wisdom and virtue of the masses\\nfor its enforcement.\\n2. Samuel Johnston and the leading lawyers of that day\\nwere full of apprehension as to the result, where the protec-\\ntion of life, liberty and property rested upon the ballots of\\nmen who were, as a general thing, unlettered and steeped in\\npoverty. The Halifax Constitution provided for the educa-\\ntion of the people, but no steps had yet been taken by the\\nLegislature to carry out this wise and beneficent ordinance.\\n3. The Rev. Drs. David Caldwell and Samuel E. Mc-\\nCorkle were conducting schools on their own responsibility in\\nGuilford and Mecklenburg, in which many young men were\\nreceiving sound and useful preparation for life; and there\\nwere similar academies in Wilmington, New Bern and Eden-\\nton but as a general thing, education was almost entirely\\nneglected in the State.\\n4. Under the terms of the Articles of Confederation,\\nthe General Congress continued to assemble, but its sessions\\nresulted in little good to America. The government was con-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "THE STATE OF FRANK LAM 131\\ntinually embarrassed by the public debt contracted in the\\nRevolution. It could only pay such liabilities by calling\\nupon the several States for their proportions. This was\\nregulated by the value of real estate.\\n5. North Carolina, thus witnessing the helplessness\\nof the general government to meet its pecuniary liabili-\\nties, was moved to the noble resolution of ceding the great\\nbody of land then belonging to the State west of the Alle-\\nghany Mountains. This princely domain, now constituting\\nthe great State of Tennessee, was at that period, only settled\\nin part by white people, and many millions of acres of fertile\\nlands could be sold to settlers.\\n6. Such a resource would have brought a great fund to the\\nState for education and other useful purposes; but, with un-\\nexampled devotion to the general good, it was determined by\\nthe Legislature of 1784, that the Governor should tender, as\\na free gift, all the lands not already granted to soldiers and\\nactual settlers.\\n1785. 7. To an embarrassed government, unable to meet\\nits most solemn engagements, such a boon, it seems, would\\nhave been gladly received; but so great was the selfishness of\\ncertain States which were then struggling to secure for them-\\nselves such bodies of western lands, that the noble intended\\nbounty of North Carolina proved a failure. The General\\nCongress having failed to accept the offer, the act authorizing\\nthe cession was repealed.\\n8. The story of this patriotic munificence on the part of\\nNorth Carolina euds not here. When it became known among\\nthe western settlers that their country had thus beeu offered\\nto the general government, much excitement followed. Col-\\nonel John Sevier was a leader among the people of the terri-", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "132 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ntoiy in question. He had been a gallant soldier in the Revo-\\nlution, and was trusted and beloved by his neighbors. He\\npersuaded them that North Carolina, in thus offering to sur-\\nrender her claims to their allegiance, had forfeited all right\\nto further control their destinies.\\n9. He procured the support of many others, who elected\\nmembers to a convention. This body met at Greenville, in\\nNovember, 1785, and framed a government of a State which\\nthey called Frankland, in honor of the illustrious statesman,\\nBenjamin Franklin. Colonel Sevier was elected Governor,\\nand judges and other officers were also chosen.\\n10. Richard Caswell had again been made Governor of\\nNorth Carolina, when it became known that such things were\\nbeing done in the west. He issued a proclamation forbid-\\nding the whole movement, and denouncing it as revolutionary\\nand unlawful. He was supported by a party in the west\\nheaded by Colonel John Tipton.\\n1787. 11. It often seemed that bloody civil war would\\nensue between the men who sided respectively with Sevier\\nand Tipton, but happily there was little bloodshed amid so\\nmuch brawling. There were many arrests and complaints,\\nuntil finally, in October, 1788, Colonel Sevier was captured\\nXqte. There was no money in circulation in the State of Frankland,\\nand the following curious statement, taken from the old records, shows how\\npayment was to he made to the public officers: Be it enacted by the Gen-\\neral Assembly of the State of Frankland, and it is hereby enacted by the\\nauthority of the same, that the salaries of the officers of this commonwealth\\nshall be as follows: His Excellency the Governor, per annum, one thousand\\ndeer skins His Honor the Chief-Justice, five hundred deer skins, or five\\nhundred raccoon skins; the Treasurer of the State, four hundred and fifty\\nraccoon skins Clerk of the House of Commons, two hundred raccoon\\nskins members of Assembly, per diem, three raccoon skins.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "THE STATE OF FRANK LAND. 133\\nby the forces of Tipton, and brought to jail at Morganton, in\\nBurke county. He was allowed to escape, and, in memory of\\nhis services as a soldier, his offenses were forgiven.\\n12. It was thus that the abortive State of Frankland arose\\nand disappeared. The State of Vermont originated in the\\nsame way; and it is fortunate that such precedents have long\\nsince ceased in America. There is some limit to the doctrine\\nof the people s right to self-government, just as liberty is not\\nto be found in mere license.\\nNote. The State Convention of 1788 was commissioned to select a\\nplace for the seat of government, which had been migratory since the\\nearliest days of Carolina colony. The place selected for the capital was\\nthe farm of Isaac Hunter, at Wake Court-House, or some other place\\nwithin ten miles of that locality, to be determined by the General\\nAssemblv.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What matters occupied the attention of the people in North Caro-\\nlina after the Kevolution How were some men disposed to view the new\\nplan of government\\n2. What was the opinion of Samuel Johnston What had been pro-\\nvided for in Halifax Constitution\\n3. What private schools were in operation, and where were they\\n4. How was the General Congress greatly embarrassed\\n5. To what extent did North Carolina sympathize with the general\\ngovernment What is the present name of that great territory\\n6. What was done by the Legislature of 1784\\n7. Why was this a very valuable and timely gift to the government?\\nHow did the offer succeed\\n8. What excitement was created in the west by this donation Who\\nwas the leader of the people What was Colonel Sevier s opinion of the\\nmatter\\n9. What was done in 1785? What name was given to the new State,\\nand why\\n10. What proclamation was issued by Governor Caswell Who was\\nthe western leader of Governor Caswell s cause\\n11. How did the whole matter end\\n12. What other State of the Union had a similar origin", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "134 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XX XII.\\nFORMATION OF THE UNION.\\nA, D. 1787 TO 1790.\\nThe new State of North Carolina, as the years went by,\\nbecame more divided and excited as to the relations of the\\ncommonwealth to her consorts of the United States. Each\\nday was demonstrating more clearly the failure of the Con-\\nfederation. Its poverty and weakness were exciting the con-\\ntempt of all civilized nations, and the General Congress\\namounted to little more than an arena for the display of\\njealousy and selfishness on the part of the individual States.\\n2. In North Carolina, as elsewhere, the people were divided\\nas to what should be done to remedy this great need of a\\ncentral and general government. Many were opposed to any\\nchange. Others were for creating a strong and over-powering\\nsystem that should overawe and control all of the States.\\nThese latter men were called the Federalists.\\n3. Another, and the larger portion of the people of the\\nState, were in favor of adding to the powers of the general\\ngovernment; but at the same time, for going no further in\\nthat direction than was necessary for the general safety as\\nagainst foreign nations, and for the execution of such regula-\\ntions as pertained to all the States. These Republicans, or\\nDemocrats, were willing to empower the new government\\nto carry the mails, control commerce, carry on war, make\\ntreaties, and coin money; but they insisted that all other\\nfunctions of rule should be retained to the States themselves.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "FORMATION OF THE UNION. 135\\n4. In 1787, in consequence of the action of the General\\nCongress, a convention of all the States was ordered to meet\\nin Philadelphia to prepare a new Constitution for the govern-\\nment of the people of the United States.\\n5. The Legislature selected Governor Richard Caswell,\\nColonel W. R. Davie, ex-Governor Alexander Martin, Willie\\nJones and Richard Dobbs Spaight as the delegates of North\\nCarolina to that body. Governor Caswell and Willie Jones\\ndeclined the honor, and Dr. Hugh Williamson and William\\nBlount were appointed in their places..\\n1788. 6. General Washington was chosen as president of\\nthe convention, and in 1788, the result of their deliberations, in\\nthe new Constitution, was submitted for the ratification of the\\nseveral States. It was provided by the convention framing\\nthe Constitution, that nine States should ratify before the new\\nsystem should go into operation, and should then be bind-\\ning only upon those thus acceding it.\\n7. A convention for North Carolina was called and met at\\nHillsboro, July 21, 1788, to consider the proposed Constitu-\\ntion. Samuel Johnston, who had presided as Moderator of\\nseveral Provincial Congresses, and who had also succeeded\\nGovernor Caswell as Chief Magistrate of the State, was\\nchosen to preside. He, with Judge James Iredell, Colonel\\nDavie and Archibald Maclaine, was an earnest advocate of\\ninstant and unconditional ratification on the part of North\\nCarolina.\\n8. Willie Jones, of Halifax, who had so long controlled\\nmuch of the legislation and government of the State, was the\\nleader of those who opposed such action. They favored the\\naddition of numerous amendments before committing the for-\\ntunes of North Carolina to such control. Thev insisted that", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "136 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nwithout further specification, the powers reserved to the several\\nStates would not be sufficiently guarded and the Convention,\\nby a great majority, took the same view of the matter. The\\nresult was that while declining to ratify absolutely, the hope\\nw T as held out that such would be the case upon the adoption\\nof proper amendments.\\n9. There was great excitement in the State upon North\\nCarolina s thus failing to join the new government, Political\\nanimosities ran high, and renewed efforts were made to over-\\ncome the popular objections. The people became restless at\\nthe position they were occupying* being thus, with New York\\nand Rhode Island, strangers to the great compact of their\\nsister States.\\n1789. 10. The new government of the United States\\nwent into operation in the spring of 1789, and General Wash-\\nington took the oaths of office on March 4th, as the first Presi-\\ndent of the Republic. In November, the Legislature and\\nConvention both met at Fayetteville. On the 20th, the\\namended Constitution of the United States was speedily\\nratified, and North Carolina was enrolled as a member of the\\nnew confederacy, which was to astonish all nations by the vigor\\nof its rule and the splendor and rapidity of its growth as a\\nnation.\\n179C 11. Two important matters were also settled at this\\nperiod. The convention at Hillsboro limited the seat of the\\nState government to some point in Wake county. The capi-\\ntal had been migrating from town to town for nearly the whole\\nperiod of North Carolina s existence. The Legislature also\\npassed a bill creating the University of North Carolina, and\\nthe terms of the Halifax constitution, as to popular education,\\nwere thus first put into some shape of accomplishment. Both\\nof these measures were highly needed.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "FORMATION OF THE UNION. 137\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What question was exciting the people of North Carolina at this\\nperiod What was thought of the Confederation\\n2. How were the people of the State divided upon this great question\\n3. What other party was formed? What were they called, and what\\npowers did they propose to give to the general government\\n4. What convention was to meet in 1787\\n5. Who were chosen to represent North Carolina in that body\\n6. Who was chosen President of the convention How was the new\\nconstitution to be submitted to the people\\n7. What convention met at Hillsboro in 1788 How did some of the\\nprominent members view the question\\n8. What different opinion was held by other leading men? What did\\nthe Convention do with the Constitution\\n9. What was the effect upon the State? What other States also failed\\nto ratify\\n10. When did the new government go into operation? Who was\\nchosen first President of the United States? When and where did North\\nCarolina ratify the Constitution and become a member of the United Gov-\\nernment?\\n11. What two important matters were settled at this period?\\n18", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "138 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXXIII.\\nFRANCE AND AMERICA.\\nA. D, 1790 TO 1794.\\nWhen North Carolina had thus taken her place in the\\nFederal Union, and the whole system of State and National\\npolity became perfected in America, many hearts beat with\\ngratitude to God that the promises of the future had become\\nso auspicious. The magnificent realm, won by the blood of\\nheroes, was at last guarded by a system of laws so wise and\\neffective, that peace and prosperity were soon to make it one of\\nthe greatest of civilized lands.\\n2. This example of freedom, won in the wilds of America,\\nwas speedily to be felt in Europe. General Washington had\\nbeen in the discharge of his duties as President about a month,\\nwhen the States-General of France met in the famous con-\\nvention which was to pull down an ancient monarchy, and\\nengulf all Europe in seas of blood. The over-taxed and\\nexcitable Frenchmen were maddened by the contrast afforded\\nin their own sufferings and the blessings achieved by their late\\nallies.\\n3. Governor Caswell, while in the discharge of his duties\\nas a member of the State Senate, died at Fayetteville, in the\\nmouth of December, 1789. He was to be shortly followed\\nin death by William Hooper and Archibald Maclaine. Willie\\nJones had retired in disgust from public life, upon the State s\\njoining the Union and thus, four most conspicuous leaders\\nalmost simultaneously disappeared from the commonwealth s\\ncouncils.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "FRANCE AND AMERICA. 139\\n4. Colonel William R. Davie, of Halifax, John Haywood,\\nof the same county, and Alfred Moore, of Brunswick, had\\nbecome greatly influential for their talents, and were fit sub-\\nstitutes for the older servants of the public who had been\\nthus removed from the arena of their former usefulness.\\nGovernor Johnston having been elected United States Sena-\\ntor, was succeeded in executive functions by Alexander\\nMartin.\\n1792. 5. It was during this fresh term of Governor Mar-\\ntin s rule, that Raleigh was selected for the State capital. A\\nlarge tract of land at Wake Court-House had been bought of\\nColonel Joel Lane, and upon it a city was laid off and the\\npublic buildings erected. This was a great blessing. Before\\nthat time, with the exception of a few years after the building\\nof Governor Tryon s palace at New Bern, the main question\\nto be determined by every General Assembly was, what town\\nshould be selected for holding the next session.\\n6. Fayetteville, Hillsboro, New Bern and Tarboro were\\nsure to get up a great excitement and contest as to which of\\nthem should be next favored with the presence of the State\\nofficers and the General Assembly. The Governor and his\\nassistants had been dwelling wherever it best suited them, and\\nthe public records had thus been continuallv migrating over\\nthe State.\\n7. There had never been much church organization in\\nAmerica until after the Revolution. There was not a single\\nBishop of the Episcopal Church, and not until 1789, was an\\neffort made to supply such a prelate for the church in North\\nCarolina, The Rev. Charles Pettigrew was then elected\\nBishop of the State, by a Convention at Tarboro, but he died\\nbefore consecration.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "140 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. The Baptists had united their churches in this State and\\nsouthern Virginia, in 1765, in a body which was called the\\nKehukee Association. In 1770, the Presbyterians had\\nformed the Presbytery of Orange; and in 1788, they set off the\\nSynod of the Carolinas. The Quakers and Moravians were\\nflourishing in certain sections, but as yet, the Methodist mis-\\nsionaries had effected but little in the way of planting churches\\nin North Carolina.\\n9. When Richard Dobbs Spaight, in 1792, became Gov-\\nernor, he was the first man born in North Carolina who had\\nfilled that distinguished office. He possessed much ability\\nand had large experience in public affairs. He found that\\ngreat excitement and division existed among the people as to\\nthe French Republic. Because aid had been sent from that\\ncountry to the struggling American colonists, many men in-\\nsisted that it was the duty of America to take sides with\\nFrance in the war then raging in Europe.\\n1794. 10. General Washington, and other wise men,\\nresisted this dangerous opinion, and held that America should\\ntake no part in the affairs of foreign nations. The great\\nstruggle went on, with Napoleon Bonaparte rapidly growing\\nmore formidable to the allied kings.\\n11. The French had imbibed their thirst for freedom from\\nAmerica, but they had also their influence upon the religious\\ncreeds of our people. French books and notions became\\nhighly fashionable, and the country debating clubs were heard\\nrepeating the doubts and sneers of Voltaire Vol-tare and\\nDiderot (De-dro\\n12. The world s creeds were having a most rigorous and\\nthorough examination. The kings and priests were as much\\nexcited as in the sixteenth century, but out of all the turmoil", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "PRANCE AND AMERICA. 141\\nand bloodshed a larger measure of human liberty was to be\\nwon. Constitutional kings and purified churches were the\\noutgrowth and result of the most prodigious uproar yet wit-\\nnessed among civilized nations.\\nrESTIONS.\\n1. What was the feeling in North Carolina after the State had joined\\nthe Union\\nHow were the effects of American freedom felt in Europe?\\n3. What great leaders disappeared from North Carolina s councils at\\nthis time\\n4. What men were fast rising to influence Who became Governor\\n5. When was Kaleigh selected as the capital Why was locating the\\ncapital of great good to the State Go to the map and point out the city\\nof Raleigh.\\n6. What contest would generally arise at meetings of the Assembly?\\n7. What mention is made of religious matters\\n8. How were the Baptists, Presbyterians and other Christian bodies\\nextending their fields of usefulness\\n9. Who became Governor in 1792? What is said of him? What\\nquestions did Governor Spaight find agitating the people when he came\\ninto office?\\n10. How was this matter considered by General Washington and others\\n11. How were the works of celebrated French writers affecting the peo-\\nple of America?\\n12. What was to be the conclusion of all these troubles", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "142 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXXIV.\\nTHE FEDERALISTS AND REPUBLICANS.\\nA, D. 1794 TO 1802.\\nIn the last days of the eighteenth century men grew\\nmore and more plainly divided into two political parties.\\nThomas Jefferson was the leader of those who maintained\\nthat the new government of the United States should be\\nstrictly limited to the powers expressly granted in the Federal\\nConstitution, and prohibited from the use of any of those\\nreserved rights that yet belonged to the individual States.\\n2. Alexander Hamilton was another very able and patri-\\notic statesman, and he took precisely a different view. He\\ndid not consider the people, themselves, capable of ruling the\\ncountry, and wished to completely subordinate the State gov-\\nernments to Federal authority. Federalists were those who\\nfollowed such views, while the Republicans were no less\\nstrenuous in upholding Mr. Jefferson and his policy.\\n3. The Superior Courts of the State, after the resignation\\nof Judge Iredell, were held as in old provincial times, at\\nthe six favored villages, by Judges Samuel Ashe, Samuel\\nSpencer and John Taylor. In the year 1794, Judge Spencer\\ncame to his death in a most singular manner. He had suf-\\nfered with a long and wasting illness, and one warm evening\\nwas carried out and laid upon the grass beneath a tree in his\\nyard. While lying there the red flannel of his shirt infuri-\\nated a large turkey-gobbler, which attacked him with great\\nviolence. When Judge Spencer s feeble cries attracted atten-\\ntion, he had been so injured that he at once died of his\\nbruises.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "THE FEDERALISTS AND REPUBLICANS. 143\\n4. In 1793, the corner-stone of the East Building had been\\nlaid for the University, at Chapel Hill. Colonel Davie, as\\nGrand Master of the Masons in the State, officiated as did\\nalso Rev. Dr. McCorkle, who delivered an eloquent address\\nto the great crowd which assembled from all parts of the State\\nto do honor to the occasion.\\n1795. 5. In 1795, the buildings and faculty having been\\nmade ready, the institution was regularly opened for the recep-\\ntion of students. The Rev. David Kerr {Karr) and Samuel\\nA. Holmes were the faculty, and Hinton James, of Wilming-\\nton, was the first student to arrive. Thus began an institu-\\ntion of learning in which, during coming years, great and\\ndistinguished men were to be educated and prepared for use-\\nfulness in almost every honorable employment of civilized\\nmen.\\n6. Tennessee had been conveyed to the general government\\nsoon after the ratification of the United States Constitution.\\nDuring the administration of Governor Ashe, who had suc-\\nceeded Alexander Martin as Chief Magistrate, there were\\nmany frauds concocted by James Glasgow, as Secretary of\\nState, and Colonel Martin Armstrong, and their coadjutors,\\nMajor John Armstrong and one Stokely Donnellson.\\n1797. 7. It was discovered that immense tracts of land\\nwere being located under fictitious boundaries, and not only the\\nContinentals, but also the State and United States, were thus\\nbeing swindled by these officers, who had been long honored\\nand trusted in North Carolina.\\n8. Courts were ordered to be held by the General Assembly\\nfor the trial of these distinguished culprits; and in 1799,\\nthey were convicted and punished. Judge John Haywood\\nresigned his place on the bench, and instead of trying, de-", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "144 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nfended the malefactors, one of whom paid him one thousand\\ndollars as a fee for his services in the case.* There had been,\\na few years before, a similar scene when Benjamin McCulloh\\nwas convicted at Warrenton and punished for like offenses.\\n9. The excitement between Republicans and Federalists\\nstill grew in intensity. John Adams had succeeded General\\nWashington as President, and he was one of the most violent\\nof the party in power. The French agents and apologists\\nwere growing more offensive in their demands for American\\naid to the blood-washed republic in Europe. President Adams\\nprocured the passage of laws by Congress that startled and\\nconfounded many of the States.\\n10. These Alien and Sedition Acts armed Federal author-\\nities with the power to seize and send out of the country,\\nwithout trial, any foreigner who might become offensive to\\nFederal officers; also to indict in the District or Circuit Courts\\nof the United States any writer or publisher whom the grand\\njuries might select to punish for libel.\\n1798\u00e2\u0080\u009499. 11- Virginia and Kentucky hastened to pass\\nthe famous resolutions of 1798- 99,f and to put the battle in\\narray for another great struggle as to what should be the real\\npowers of States and the Union. President Adams and the\\nFederalists were overwhelmingly beaten in the contest of 1800,\\n*JSorth Carolina had honored James Glasgow by giving his name to one\\nof the counties of the State, but in consequence of his disgrace, the name\\nof Glasgow county was stricken from the list, and the county named in\\nhonor of General Nathaniel Greene.\\nfThe Resolutions of 1798-99 declared that the Federal Constitution\\nwas simply a covenant between the States as States, and each party has an\\nequal right to judge for itself, as well of infraction as of the mode and\\nmeasure of redress.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "THE FEDERALISTS AND REPUBLICANS. 145\\nand the Republican party at once went into possession of all\\nthe offices by which the powers of the antagonistic systems\\nwere to be defined.\\n12. A much greater portion of the wisest and most expe-\\nrienced statesmen had been ranked, until this time, with the\\nFederalists, but that creed soon grew into such disfavor tllat\\nfew politicians could be found to do it reverence. And\\nthis, it may be safely asserted, has been the experience of the\\nAmerican people whenever the majority of them has differed\\nfrom the learned few. The masses have been, in almost every\\ninstance, wiser than those who thus sought to control their\\nviews.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was observed towards the latter days of the eighteenth cen-\\ntury Who was one of the political leaders What views did Mr. Jeffer-\\nson hold\\n2. Who was leader of the other great political party What was Mr.\\nHamilton s policy\\n3. What is said of the Superior Courts and the Judges? Describe the\\nsingular manner of Judge Spencer s death.\\n4. What is said of the University\\n5. When was the University regularly opened? W T ho constituted the\\nfaculty Who was the first student to enter What has been the labors\\nof this institution\\n6. What land frauds were perpetrated in 1795 Who were the guilty\\npersons\\n7. What was the nature of these frauds\\n8. Give some account of the trial of these offenders\\n9. What was the condition of affairs throughout the United States at\\nthis period\\n10. What was the effect of the Alien and Sedition Laws\\n11. What was done by Virginia and Kentucky What party came\\ninto power in 1800?\\n12. What is said of the Federalists\\n19", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "146 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXXV.\\nCLOSING OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY.\\nA. D, 1800 TO 1802.\\nGeneral Davie ceased to be Governor to accept a place on\\nthe American Embassy to Paris. He had been appointed\\nMajor-General to command North Carolina s contingent, when\\nit seemed that war with France was inevitable; but that dan-\\nger had happily become a thing of the past, and he was sent\\nover to arrange the vexed questions growing out of the Berlin\\nand Milan decrees.\\n2. Among the members sent from North Carolina to Con-\\ngress, Nathaniel Macon, of Warren, was fast becoming most\\nconspicuous for his virtues and influence upon the men of other\\nStates. Perhaps no other member of Congress ever wielded\\nso lasting and powerful an influence. His modest wisdom,\\nhis inflexible adhesion to what he believed was right and his\\nunselfish devotion to the public good, made his opposition to\\nany measure almost necessarily fatal to its passage in the House\\nto which he belonged.\\n3. There was grief in the last hours of the century, when\\nit became known that General Washington had died in his re-\\ntirement at Mt. Vernon. Judge James Iredell had also died\\nabout the same time. He had been one of the Associate Jus-\\ntices of the Supreme Court of the United States by the appoint-\\nment of General Washington, and fell a victim to the enor-\\nmous labors incurred in riding in his stick-gig the great\\ndistances involved in attending his different circuit courts.\\n1800. 4. This was, perhaps, the golden age of social enjoy-\\nments in North Carolina. The Quakers were abolitionists, as", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "LOSING OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 1 \\\\i\\nwere also many other good people; hut the question had no!\\nbeen agitated and there was nothing to give uneasiness to\\nmasters or false hopes to the slaves. These latter shared largely\\nin the festivities of the white people, and were free for many\\nyears to come to conduct their religious exercises in any way\\nthat seemed best to their wild and fantastic notions.\\n5. The President had appointed Alfred Moore as the suc-\\ncessor of Judge Iredell on the Supreme Court Bench. He\\nwas also a great lawyer. Judge Haywood had left North\\nCarolina, and was a citizen of Tennessee but, in William\\nGaston, Archibald Henderson and Archibald I). Murphy, the\\nBar had received fresh honors in their learning and eloquence.\\nJohn Stanly, David Stone, Joshua G. Wright and Peter\\nBrowne had begun their attendance upon the courts, in which\\nthey were all to win great reputations.\\n6. There had been considerable change effected in the courts.\\nBy the statute of 1799, four ridings were established. The\\nJudges, after ridiug these circuits, were required to meet in\\nRaleigh to try appeals. The sheriffs were no longer obliged\\nto march with drawn swords before the Judges as they went\\nto and from the court-house, nor were the lawyers any more\\ncompelled to appear in the trial of cases clothed in gowns.\\n1802. 7. Governor Benjamin Williams had succeeded\\nGeneral Davie in executive functions. Among his last official\\nacts was the pardoning of John Stanly for the killing of ex-\\nGovernor R. D. Spaight. This occurred ou Sunday, Septem-\\nber oth, 1X02, and was the outgrowth of a bitter political con-\\ntroversy. Spaight was a Republican, and opposed to the\\nelection of the able and impulsive young leader of the Fed-\\neralists; thus it was that the bloody and deplorable duel\\noccurred.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "148 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. In the same year was seen the exodus of the remaining\\nTuscaroras from Bertie county. The reservation on Roanoke\\nRiver, which had been granted them for good conduct in the\\nIndian war of 1711, was sold by them to private parties, and\\nthey emigrated to New York, where the other parts of the\\ntribe had long been located.\\n9. Among the laws of the Legislature of 1802, was a statute\\nproviding for the payment, by the people, to the patentees of\\nthe cotton gin, a given sum for every saw used in each machine.\\nThis implement had been recently invented by Eli Whitney,\\nwho was a young man from New England, engaged in teaching\\nschool in Georgia.\\n10. Before this time, only very small patches of cotton had\\nbeen seen in the Southern States. The lint was picked from\\nthe seed only by human fingers, and so slow was the process\\nthat a shoe full was a task usually given to be accomplished\\nbetween supper and bed-time. Whitney s invention was soon\\nto affect the agriculture and commerce of the world. Without\\nthe cotton gin, it would have been very different with all\\ncivilized nations. It has aided in building cities, freighting\\nmighty fleets, and giving employment to many millions of the\\nhuman race.\\n11. Attention has already been called to the effects of\\nFrench atheism upon the new Republic. The tide of unbelief\\nrolled on until many religious people trembled for the creed\\nand morals of the American people. Mr. Jefferson had many\\nimitators among public men, who, like Colonel Ingersoll of\\nour day, made themselves the advocates of a system resting on\\nno higher sanctions than mere human perceptions of right and\\nwrong.\\n12. In 1802, a mighty religious movement began in Ken-\\ntucky, and spread over a large portion of the Republic. Vast", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "CLOSING OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 149\\nassemblages of the people were seen in the camp-meetings.\\nThe ordinary avocations of life were left for weeks at a time,\\nby multitudes who engaged in religions devotions. The\\nchurches were re-inforced by many thousands of new mem-\\nbers, and thus, happily, the demon of doubt was exorcised\\nfrom the popular mind.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What honors were conferred upon Governor Davie?\\n2. Who was North Carolina s most able representative in Congress?\\nTell something of the character of Nathaniel Macon.\\n3. What great grief came npon the nation at this period? What\\nprominent man died in North Carolina at this time Can you state some-\\nthing of his life?\\n4. What is this period called in the history of North Carolina? What\\nwas the condition of the slaves?\\n5. What is said of prominent lawyers?\\nG. Mention some changes which were made in the Court system.\\n7. Who had succeeded Governor Davie as Chief Magistrate What\\nwas one of his last official acts Give an account of the duel.\\n8. To what place did the Tuscaroras emigrate in 1802\\n9. What law was passed by the Legislature in favor of the inventor of\\nthe cotton gin? Who was the inventor?\\n10. Give an account of the preparation of the cotton for use both before\\nand after this great invention.\\n11. What was the religious condition of the country\\n12. Give an account of the great religious revival of 1802.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "150 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXXVI.\\nGROWTH AND EXPANSION.\\nA, D. 1804 TO 1812.\\nThe Republic of America was wisely ruled during the eight\\nyears of Mr. Jefferson s administration as President. He was\\nnot only the greatest of political philosophers, but a consum-\\nmate leader of a party. Under his management the Feder-\\nalists were so completely overreached, that even ex-President\\nJohn Adams was found among the electors who voted for\\nJefferson s re-election.\\n2. Vermont, Ohio, Kentucky and Tennessee were added to\\nthe list of States, and the vast territory known as Louisiana,\\nhad been purchased from France and made a portion of the\\nAmerican Union. This was a magnificent territory, for which\\nthe United States paid fifteen million of dollars. But with\\nall these evidences of internal advancement, there was unceas-\\ning and ever-growing trouble with foreign powers.\\n1804. 3. Great Britain had not only failed to carry out\\nthe conditions of the treaty of Paris, but continual trouble\\nand war with the western Indians were traced to the plotting\\nof British agents. In Europe and on the high seas, Ameri-\\ncan ships were frequently subjected to wrong and indignity\\nby British cruisers, which seized their cargoes or crews on\\nvarious pretexts. These maddening interferences were fast\\nbringing the people of the United States to a determination\\nto vindicate, by arms, their claims as a free and independent\\npeople. Europe was still convulsed by war. Napoleon", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "GROWTH AND EXPANSION. 151\\nBonaparte had been crowned as Emperor, and in the mighty\\nstruggle, the claims of the aggrieved Republic were over-\\nlooked or despised.\\n4. The people of North Carolina were still in great want\\nas to general education. The University, at Chapel Hill, was\\nsending out graduates that had already conferred honor upon\\nthat seat of learning; but the preparatory schools, so neces-\\nsary as feeders to such an establishment, were few and far\\nbetween.\\n5. Rev. William Bingham had begun a school in the east.\\nHe temporarily removed to Pittsboro, and finally settled at\\nHillsboroand established the academy, which is even at this\\nday continued near by, at Mebaneville, under the management\\nof one of his descendants. This school, dating from 1793,\\nwas, even in its infancy, of marked excellence, and has won\\nmore reputation than any similar institution in the Southern\\nStates. Rev. Dr. David Caldwell s fine school, in Guilford,\\nRev. J. O. Freeman s, in Murfreesboro, and a few academies\\nin the villages, were but feeble in their effects upon the great\\nmass of the people.\\n6. There had not been opened a single free school in all the\\nState. Occasionally there could be found neighborhoods\\nwhere a few citizens joined in employing a man to teach the\\nelementary branches of English education, but these were\\ngenerally attended only a few mouths at a time, and were not\\nvery admirable either for discipline or in the matters taught.\\n1805. 7. The people of the interior and west were becom-\\ning anxious for some means of conveyance and travel to the\\nouter world. The crops raised were generally too bulky to\\npay for expensive transportation over long distances, being\\nin this way only available to feed the community where they", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "152 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nwere raised. Tobacco from all the counties in the northern\\nportion of the State, was conveyed to market by rolling the\\nhogsheads containing it along the roads, to markets at Peters-\\nburg, in Virginia, and Fayetteville.\\n8. In the regions where the long-leaf pine grows, there was\\nmuch attention given to the preparation of turpentine and tar.\\nIndeed, so large a trade grew up in these articles, that\\nsome people abroad came to think that North Carolina pro-\\nduced little else. The turpentine distilleries were, at this\\ntime, to be found only outside of North Carolina; and the\\ncrude product of the tree was shipped from our ports, to be\\nmanufactured in other States.\\n9. In 1805, during the session of the Legislature, General\\nJames Wellborn, of Wilkes, introduced a proposition to build,\\nat the State s expense, a turnpike from Beaufort harbor to\\nthe mountains but this and all other such improvements\\nwere to be neglected for a long time to come.\\n1810. 10. The canal through the Dismal Swamp was to\\nprove of great benefit to eastern counties but this work, though\\nauthorized long before, was yet unfinished. The vessels to\\nNew York or Baltimore still passed out to sea by all the dangers\\nof Cape Hatteras, and not unfrequently both cargo and crew\\nwere engulfed amid its cruel sands.\\n11. There was, at this period of our history, a brisk trade\\nbetween the West Indies and several of the eastern towns.\\nWilmington, New Bern, Washington and Edenton were all\\nlargely engaged in the shipment of staves and provisions;\\nimporting salt and tropical stores in return. This, and all\\nother foreign trade, was ruthlessly stopped by the embargo\\nlaid by Congress.\\n1812. 12. This extreme measure failed to bring Great\\nBritain to any surrender of her claim to search American", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "GROWTH AND EXPANSION. 153\\nships; and for this and other just reasons, war was declared\\non the 19th of June, by the United States against England.\\nMr. Madison would have temporized and still deferred the\\ndreadful expedient, but the American people were resolved\\nupon indemnity for the past and security for the future; and\\nthus two kindred nations were to waste blood and treasure in\\na fruitless quarrel.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. Who was President of the United States at this period What is\\nsaid of Mr. Jefferson s rule\\n2. What States were added to the Union What great territory was\\npurchased?\\n3. How had Great Britain kept the treaty of Paris What indignities\\nwere offered to the American people? How were these things affecting\\nthe people?\\n4. What is said of educational matters\\n5. What mention is made of the Bingham School What other schools\\nare mentioned\\n6. What was the condition of free education\\n7. In what things were the people of the interior and west becoming\\nspecially interested How was tobacco taken to market?\\n8. What is said of the production of turpentine and tar?\\n9. What was proposed by General James Wellborn to the Legislature\\nof 1805?\\n10. Give a general description of coast navigation at this time.\\n11. Give some particulars concerning trade.\\n12. What war was declared in 1812\\n20", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "154 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXXVII.\\nSECOND WAR WITH GREAT BRITAIN.\\nA, D, 1812 TO 1815.\\nJames Turner, of Warren Nathaniel Alexander, of Meck-\\nlenburg; David Stone, of Bertie, and Benjamin Smith, of\\nBrunswick, had served in turn as Governors of North Caro-\\nlina, during the years of growth and expansion described in\\nthe last chapters. William Hawkins, of Granville, was chosen\\nto the same high functions in 1812, and, as commander-in-\\nchief of all the State s forces, felt unusual responsibility in\\nview of the war even then begun between Great Britain and\\nthe United States.\\n1813. 2. It was the purpose of the American Govern-\\nment to seize Canada and locate hostilities, as much as possible,\\nin that portion of America. As no great army was assembled\\nat any one point, no call was made upon North Carolina for\\ntroops to be sent outside of her borders, except those marched\\nto Norfolk, in the State of Virginia. At that place Major-\\nGeneral Thomas -Brown, of Bladen, was in command of a\\nfull division sent from his own State.\\n3. General Brown was a veteran of the Revolution, and had\\nrendered heroic service at Elizabethtown and elsewhere, during\\nthat long and arduous struggle. His North Carolina brigade\\ncommanders were General Thomas Davis, of Fayetteville, and\\nGeneral James F. Dickinson, of Murfreesboro.\\n4. Camps were also established and troops held for action at\\nother points. The western levies were collected at Wadesboro,\\nunder General Alexander Gray, and were drilled and kept in", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "SECOND WAR WITH GREAT BRITAIN. 155\\nreadiness to be marched to the relief of either Wilmington or\\nCharleston. Colonel Maurice .Moore, at Wilmington, and\\nLieutenant-Colonel John Roberts, at Beaufort, commanded\\ngarrisons for the defence of these sea-ports.\\n1814. 5. In the American army on the Northern frontier,\\nwhere Winfield Scott, of Virginia, was winning so many lau-\\nrels, were two North Carolina officers who were also fast rising\\nto distinction for valor and skill in arms. These were William\\nGibbs McNeil, of Bladen, and William McRee, of Wilming-\\nton. They both rose to be Colonels in the corps of engineers.\\nAmid the frequent disasters and exhibitions of incompetency\\non the part of American officers in that department, these capa-\\nble and gallant men were as useful to America as they were\\ncheering to the people of North Carolina.\\n6. On the high seas, where the mighty fleets of Britain held\\nat such fearful disadvantage the few cruisers of their opponents,\\nwere also to be found brilliant representatives of this Common-\\nwealth. Captain Johnson Blakeley, of Wilmington, had been\\nreared by Colonel Edward Jones, the Solicitor-General of\\nNorth Carolina. He had already made reputation in the\\nMediterranean Sea, under Commodore Preble [Preb l).\\n7. Early in 1814, he went to sea in the United States sloop\\nof war Wasp, and captured, with great eclat, the British sloop\\nof war Reindeer. Having burned this prize for fear of its\\nrecapture, he refitted in a French port, and in August encoun-\\ntered another British ship, the Avon. The British vessel had\\nstruck her colors for surrender, when a fleet of the enemy came\\nupon the scene and the victorious Wasp was forced to fly. In\\na few days Blakeley, thus steering among the crowded seas\\nsurrounding England, captured fifteen merchant vessels. On\\none of these, the brig Atalanta, he put a prize crew and sent\\nher to the United States.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "156 HISTORY OF XORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. This was the last that is known of this gallant and ill-\\nfated officer. He perished in some unknown manner at sea,\\nbut left an imperishable name to the keeping of his country-\\nmen.\\n9. Captain Otway Burns, of Beaufort, was the commander\\nof a cruiser known as the Snap-Dragon. With this privateer,\\nhe long roamed the seas and proved victorious in many well-\\nfought actions. He survived the war and was afterwards a\\nmember of the Legislature. The village of Burnsville was\\nnamed in his honor.\\n10. In addition to the troops already mentioned, a regiment\\ncommanded by Colonel Joseph Graham, so highly distin-\\nguished in the Revolution, was sent against Billy Weathersford\\nand his Creek warriors. They had massacred nearly three\\nhundred white people in Fort Mimms on the Alabama River,\\nand were paying a fearful penalty. Another North Carolinian,\\nin the person of General Andrew Jackson, was in command\\nof the force sent to avenge this outrage of the red men.*\\n11. So swift and complete had Jackson been in his work,\\nthat when the North Carolina regiment arrived there was\\nnothing left to be done in the way of battle; for, as Weathers-\\nford declared, his braves were all dead, and the war ended.\\n1815. 12. Peace was soon to be made between the United\\nStates and Great Britain, and the two nations, after strug-\\nGeneral Andrew Jackson was born in Mecklenburg county, on the 15th\\nday of March, 17B7.\\nNote. The Indians were required, as a preliminary to peace, to bring\\nin their fugitive chief, Weathersford. That bold and able half-breed did\\nnot wait for arrest, upon hearing these terms, but rode into General Jack-\\nson s camp, and in surrendering himself, boldly announced that he did so\\nbecause he no longer had warriors to continue the struggle. I have no-\\nthing to ask for myself, said he, but I want peace for my people.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "SECOND WAR WITH GREAT BRITAIN. 157\\ngling for each other s injury for three years, agreed to stop\\nwithout conceding a single original cause of the contest. En-\\ngland did not even agree to cease from impressing men from\\nthe United States navy, but the right of search was no more\\npracticed. The treaty of peace was ratified by the United\\nStates Senate on February 7th, 1815.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What Governors had served in North Carolina during the years just\\nconsidered? Who was Governor ;it the beginning of the war of 1812?\\n2. How had the United States proposed to conduct the campaign? What\\ntroops did North Carolina furnish Who was in command\\n3. What is said of General Brown s past record Who were his bri-\\ngade commanders?\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a24. What military preparations were made in North Carolina\\n5. What two North Carolina officers were winning distinction under\\nGeneral Winfield Scott? In what branch of the army were they serving?\\nG. What is said of affairs on the seas? What North Carolina naval\\nofficer was distinguishing himself\\n7. Give an account of some of his bold and heroic exploits. How many\\nEnglish vessels did he capture\\n8. What is known of him after this?\\n9. What other seaman was distinguishing himself for his bravery\\nHow is his name commemorated in the State?\\n10. Who was sent against the Indians? What great General was in\\ncommand of all this force?\\n11. What was the success of General Jackson s expedition\\n12. What is said of the end of the war of 1812", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "158 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXXVIII.\\nAFTER THE STORM.\\nA. D. 1815 TO 1821.\\nWhen hostilities ceased between the two countries, it seemed\\na great thing to the people of North Carolina to once more\\nenjoy the full benefits of trade and commerce. British crui-\\nsers had made all foreign commodities very scarce and costly.\\nSalt was made on the sea-coast in limited quantities, but of\\ninferior quality. It was, therefore, very gratifying to the\\npeople to again see the stores filled with goods of every\\ndescription.\\n2. When this period of history had been reached, the State\\nwas divided into sixty-two counties. Each of these sent\\nannually to the General Assembly one Senator and two mem-\\nbers of the House of Commons. Edenton, New Bern, Wil-\\nmington, Fayetteville, Hillsboro, Halifax and Salisbury were\\ncalled borough towns and, by virtue of this superior dig-\\nnity, each sent, in addition to its county members, also a\\nrepresentative to the lower House of Assembly.\\n3. The Moravian settlement at Salem had prospered, and\\nthough no great numbers of that sect had come over from\\nEurope, yet much wisdom and thrift were seen in the affairs\\nof Wachovia. A female seminary of real excellence and great\\npopularity had been founded in 1804, and young ladies from\\nall the Southern States were receiving useful education in this\\nretired and healthful region.\\n4. Raleigh then contained about eight hundred people.\\nFayetteville was more than twice as populous. Wilmington", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "AFTER THE STORM. 159\\nand New Bern were the largest and most important towns in\\nthe State, but were still limited in population and trade.\\nEdenton and Halifax had each lost importance iu the march\\nof events, and many villages were surpassing them, both iu\\nnumber of inhabitants and trade.\\n1819. 5. Dr. Joseph Caldwell had been, for many years,\\nat Chapel Hill, as President of the University. He came\\nfrom New Jersey to make North Carolina his future home,\\nand was giving the State of his adoption so laborious and use-\\nful a devution that his name will be cherished in its limits\\nso long, as learning and patriotism are valued by the people.\\nHe was not only making the college famous for the excellence\\nof its appointments, but the internal improvement of the\\ncommonwealth, by means of railways, was to be advocated by\\nhim in such a manner that the general apathy on the two\\ngreat subjects of education and inter-communication was\\npassing away.\\n6. The churches were likewise combining for increased piety\\nand effectiveness among the people. The Methodist Confer-\\nence was each year adding to the number of its churches and\\nitinerant preachers. The Baptists had added the Chowan\\nas a coadjutor to similar bodies known as Sandy Creek\\nand Kehukee Associations.\\n7. The Episcopal Diocese of North Carolina, at last, in\\n1816, perfected its organization in the election and consecra-\\nNotp:. In 1827, Dr. Caldwell delivered an exceedingly able address\\nbefore the Legislature, on the subject of railways, and a considerable\\ninterest was awakened. The first railway in the United States was built in\\n1826. This was in Massachusetts, and was only two miles long. It was\\nknown as the Quincy Eailroad. The first passenger railway was the\\nBaltimore and Ohio road, fifteen miles long, and was regularly opened in\\n1830. The cars were drawn by horses until the next year, when a locomo-\\ntive was used.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "160 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ntion of Bishop John Stark Ravenscroft. He was a man of\\neminent piety and usefulness. As a preacher he was held in\\nequal reverence with another distinguished divine of that day,\\nthe Rev. John Kerr, of Caswell, who was a leader among the\\nBaptists.\\n8. The Presbyterian Synod also contained many able\\nand excellent ministers. Rev. Drs. Samuel E. McCorkle,\\nDavid Caldwell and James Hall were greatly esteemed for\\ntheir learning and devotion. This church was especially\\nactive and efficient in the controversy over the teachings of\\nthe French atheists.\\n9. William Gaston and Bartlett Yancey were the leaders\\namong the statesmen of North Carolina in this period. They\\nwere both greatly distinguished for eloquence and ability.\\nFor purity of character they have not been surpassed in all\\nour annals. Another James Iredell had arisen in Chowan\\ncounty, and in Craven were seen John Stanly and youthful\\nGeorge E. Badger. In Caswell was also Romulus M. Saun-\\nders, another young lawyer of fine abilities.\\n10. The establishment of the Supreme Court, in 1818, on\\nits present basis, was largely the work of Bartlett Yancey.\\nJohn Louis Taylor as Chief Justice, with Leonard Henderson\\nand John Hall as associates, constituted a tribunal which was\\nsoon to win the veneration of American lawyers.\\n1820. 11. Tilling their fields in contentment, went on from\\nyear to year the men and women of that era, which has been\\ncalled the era of Good Feeling in American politics. But the\\nquestion of slavery in the territories was fast assuming a\\ndangerous importance.\\n12. The Northern States contended for no more slave\\nStates. The South would hear to no such regulation. The", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "AFTER THE STORM. 161\\nstorm grew louder until it was settled by the Missouri Com-\\npromise of March 3, 1820 the news of which, Mr. Jeffer-\\nson declared, fell on his ears like a fire-bell at ni^ht.\\nNote. The Missouri Compromise provided that henceforward slaverv\\nshould be forever forbidden north of the parallel of 36\u00c2\u00b0 30\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was the condition of North Carolina after the war of 1812?\\n2. How many counties were in North Carolina in 1815? What is said\\nof the representation in the General Assembly? What towns had\\nspecial privileges\\n3. Give some account of the growth of the Moravian settlement at\\nSalem\\n4. Give some description of various towns and villages.\\n5. What efforts were Dr. Joseph Caldwell putting forth for the advance-\\nment of the State\\n6. What growth was seen among the Methodist churches\\n7. Who was at the head of the Episcopal Church What is said of\\nBishop Kavenscroft\\n8. Who were the most eminent Presbyterian divines? What benefit\\nw r as derived from their labors\\n9. Mention the political leaders\\n10. Through whose efforts was the Supreme Court established? Who\\nwere the Justices\\n11. What was this period called\\n12. What question was greatly agitating the people\\n21", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "162 HISTORY OF XORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XXXIX.\\nTHE WHIGS AND THE DEMOCRATS.\\nA, D, 1821 TO 1827.\\n1821. In the decade following the enactment of the Mis-\\nsouri Compromise, there was seen prodigious material growth\\nin every section of the American Union. In North Carolina,\\nthe real prosperity of the people was imperceptible, by reason\\nof the heavy emigration to the South and West. Not only\\npopulation, but wealth, was continually withdrawing to more\\nprofitable fields of labor and speculation.\\n2. While the Northern and Western sections of the Union\\nwere receiving the thousands who came every year from Europe\\nand elsewhere, there was no such accession to our numbers.\\nFor a century past, there has been little or no immigration to\\nNorth Carolina. The stream of settlers that once poured so\\nsteadily into the hill country had ceased even before the\\nRevolution.\\n3. After the overthrow of the Federalists by Mr. Jefferson,\\nin the year 1800, there was no national party struggle on the\\nold issues, but in every portion of the country were indi-\\nviduals who adhered to the views of Alexander Hamilton as\\nto the proper construction of the Constitution of the United\\nStates. Many of these were men of great social and profes-\\nsional eminence. They were generally without office after the\\nparty rules introduced by the chief of the Republicans went\\ninto effect, and were, therefore, influential only as individuals,\\nwith little following, politically.\\n4. Under Mr. Madison and his successors, there was no\\nparty really but that of the Democratic-Republicans. Every", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "THE WHIGS AND THE DEMOCRATS. 163\\none who hoped for political promotion professed to hold the\\nfaith of that organization. There was no party division as to\\nthe Bank of the United States, or the provisions of the tariff\\nof duties on foreign imports.\\n5. When the Constitution was formed at Philadelphia, in\\n1787, all the States save Massachusetts recognized the legality\\nof slave property. Very soon afterwards the Society for\\nAfrican Emancipation was formed, with Dr. Benjamin\\nFranklin as its President. This body petitioned Congress to\\nabolish slavery in the States and Territories, but was told that\\nthe Constitution left the whole matter to the States, and that\\nthe Federal authorities had no power in the premises. For this\\nreason Mr. Jefferson expressed surprise at the passage of the\\nMisson ri Corn prom ise.\\n1825. 6. In 1825 the election of John Quincy Adams\\nby the House of Representatives, resulted in such a state of\\naifairs that a new aspect was given to political matters.* Gen-\\neral Andrew Jackson, who had received the largest popular\\nvote, and was then a Senator from Tennessee, became the leader\\nof those who were called Democrats. Those who were\\nopposed to him assumed the name of Whigs.\\n*In this same year the State was graced by the visit of General LaFayette.\\nA half century before, he had left his wife and all the charms of life in\\nParis, to do battle in behalf of the struggling American colonies. After\\nacting a distinguished part in the French Revolution, he had returned\\nas the nation s guest, to receive the thanks of another generation for the\\ngreat services he had rendered in the past. He went from State to State,\\neverywhere greeted with the utmost love and veneration. He soon returned\\nto France in United States ship Brandy wine, after receiving princely recog-\\nnition and rewards from Congress.\\nNote. In 1825 a considerable excitement was created on account of an\\nextraordinary advance in the price of cotton. In a few weeks the price went\\nfrom twelve to thirty-two cents per pound. This great rise was onlv tempo-\\nrary, and many people were ruined by the sudden and unexpected fall.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "164 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n7. John Quincy Adams, though elected as a Democratic-\\nRepublican, soon found that party arrayed against his adminis-\\ntration. Henry Clay, and all of those who had been Federal-\\nists, supported the President. In North Carolina, many promi-\\nnent men arrayed themselves with the new party. These\\nWhigs advocated a continuance of the United States Bank, a\\ntariff for protection on importations, and a distribution to the\\nseveral States of the money realized by the sale of public\\nlands.\\n8. General Jackson and the Democrats favored a tariff for\\nrevenue. They said the National Bank was not only unau-\\nthorized by the Constitution, but was also dangerous to the\\nliberties of the people. They were likewise unfriendly to the\\nplan of making the States pensioners of the General Gov-\\nernment, as proposed in the policy of distribution.\\n9. As in all family quarrels, there was soon great rancor\\ndeveloped between the two parties, both of which had lately\\nbeen included in the Republican ranks. Mr. Clay and John\\nRandolph inaugurated the animosities by a duel; and soon, in\\nNorth Carolina, as elsewhere, social amenities were largely\\ndisregarded between the Whigs and Democrats.\\n10. This was very absurd and wrong. They all lived in a\\nfree country, and were abundantly entitled to hold and express\\nopinions as to what was the best policy for the government to\\npursue. God has so constituted men that, of necessity, they\\nmust differ in opinion on all subjects. How weak and wicked,\\nthen, is that man who hates his brother because of the failure\\nto agree on matters that are, after all, involved in doubt as to\\ntheir results.\\n1827. 11. It was thus that the American people began\\nreally to enter upon a series of party struggles which were to", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "THE WHIGS AND THE DEMOCRATS. 165\\neventuate in the great and destructive civil war of 1861.\\nWhile the parties in power were thus contending on the sub-\\njects mentioned, there was growing up a sentiment among the\\npeople of the North against slave-holding.\\n12. The Northern States had all abolished this institution,\\nin their midst, and their servants had been brought to the South\\nand sold. Southern men, also, had been divided as to the policy\\nof continuing a state of society so opposed to the general liber-\\nties of mankind; but this liberal spirit was checked by the\\nviolent and unreasonable criticisms and denunciations of the\\nreformers. Alas! for the weakness of humau nature, even in\\nits best estate\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What growth was noticed in the Union during the years just consid-\\nered\\n2. What is said of emigration to North Carolina\\n3. In what condition were the political parties of the country\\n4. What is said of President Madison s administration\\n5. What State refused to recognize the legality of slave property?\\nWhat Society was organized?\\n6. What was the effect of the election of John Quincy Adams What\\ntwo political parties then existed\\n7. What troubles did Mr. Adams find? What party was led by Henry\\nClay? What were some of the Whig principles?\\n8. What did General Jackson and his party advocate?\\n9. What results were produced by the violent assertion of these opinions\\n10. What is said of political animosities\\n11. In what condition did the year 1827 find the people of the United\\nStates?\\n12. How had the Northern States acted in regard to slavery What\\nchecked the liberal spirit of the South concerning slavery", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "166 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XL.\\nCONDITION OF THE STATE.\\nA. D. 1827 TO 1836.\\nWhile the Republic of the United States was so divided\\nand agitated as to matters of policy touching the interests of\\nall the Union, there were, at the same time, many issues of\\nlocal importance, confined to North Carolina.\\n2. The old habit of annually changing the place for hold-\\ning the sessions of the Legislature had first brought about a\\nfeeling of sectionalism between the eastern and western coun-\\nties. Western men had first learned to combine in securing\\nHillsboro rather than New Bern for this purpose. It was\\nnatural and right for them to seek to lessen the distance as\\nmuch as possible that separated the State capital from their\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2homes.\\n1829. 3. The western counties were also anxious to change\\nthe system of representation, so that their weight in popula-\\ntion should be felt in legislation. As it was, the east held\\ncontrol of both Houses of the General Assembly. Hertford,\\nwith five hundred voters, had exactly the weight of Buncombe\\nor Orange, with its thousands. Eastern men would not\\nconsent to modify this hardship. They insisted that the Hali-\\nfax Constitution was still to be adhered to, and refused to go\\ninto a convention for fear of changes that might subject east-\\nern wealth to the consequences of the great western desire for\\nthe construction of highways.\\n4. In the western convention, which met in Raleigh, in\\n1823, and was presided over by Bartlett Yancey, several wise", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "CONDITION OF THE STATE. 167\\nand desirable changes were suggested. A calm but vehement\\nspirit was evident among the people that might have pro-\\nceeded to such lengths as were seen in the Dorr Troubles of\\nRhode Island, had not the Legislature of 1834, come to the\\nrescue in the passage of the Convention Bill.\\n1834. 5. On a close vote, aided by the votes of eastern\\nborough members, the bill was passed which provided that,\\nin case the call for a convention therein contained should be\\nendorsed by a majority of the voters in the State, then a con-\\nvention should be held; and each member chosen, before\\ntaking his seat, should take oath that he would not be a party\\nto any further alterations of the Constitution than those\\nspecified in the enabling act.\\n1835. 6. The Convention met in Raleigh, on June 4,\\n1835, and Nathaniel Macon was made President. Many of\\nthe ablest men in the State were members. Judge Gaston, ex-\\nGovernor David L. Swain and Judge J. J. Daniel were\\nleaders in the debates. Borough representation and free-negro\\nsuffrage were abolished. The election of Governor was taken\\nfrom the Assembly and committed to the people. The legis-\\nlative sessions were made biennial instead of annual, as of old.\\nEach county was to send one member to the House of Com-\\nmons, and more if its population justified so doing. One\\nhundred and twenty members constituted this body, while the\\nSenators were limited to fifty. The upper House was to rep-\\nresent taxation; and the lower, population.\\nNote.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 In 1831, on the morning of the 21st of June, the capitol at\\nRaleigh, was burned. The fire was caused by the carelessness of a work-\\nman who was covering the roof. The building was a total loss, as was also\\nthe beautiful statue of Washington, which stood in the rotunda. A new\\ncapitol was erected upon the site of the old building, by act of the Legisla-\\nture of 1832. It is an elegant structure, and was built of native granite, at\\na cost of over a half million of dollars.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "168 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n7. These organic changes were ratified by a popular ma-\\njority of more than five thousand votes. This change of\\nConstitution was soon followed by the first popular election\\nfor Governor. Messrs. Miller, Burton, Owen and Swain had\\nsuccessively occupied the Executive office in North Carolina,\\nuntil the Legislature, for the last time, selected a Governor in\\nthe person of Richard Dobbs Spaight, of Craven.\\n1836. 8. This elegaut and genial gentleman did not\\nequal his father in the measure of his endowments, but was\\nwell fitted for the exigencies of a contest before the people.\\nHe was nominated for re-election by the Democrats, but was\\nbeaten by the Whig nominee, Edward B. Dudley, of Wil-\\nmington. Mr. Dudley was not only a very able lawyer, but\\nproved himself a statesman of enduring worth. He, John\\nM. Morehead and W. S. Ashe, have accomplished more for\\nthe railway system of the State than perhaps all other party\\nleaders combined.\\n9. The first railway charter given in North Carolina was\\nthat of the Petersburg Railroad. This was in 1830, and was\\nfollowed, two years later, by that of the Portsmouth and\\nRoanoke route. Soon, Governor Dudley and others had\\norganized the Wilmington Railroad, leading to Weldon, the\\nsame terminus mentioned for the others. This was for some-\\ntime the longest single line in the world.\\n10. A few lines had been constructed in the United States\\nprior to these, but they were among the pioneer works of the\\nmighty net-work of railways now seen in every portion of the\\nRepublic. A mighty change has come to the travel and\\ntraffic of the States. The vast reaches of the national terri-\\ntory once presented to wise observers of our institutions a\\nbar to any unity of thought and interest; but steam and elec-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "CONDITION OF THE STATE. 169\\ntricity have triumphed over space, and the Republic, in 1881,\\nis far more compact and accessible than were the Atlantic\\nStates in 1787.\\n11. In just a half century, the iron lines beginning at the\\nsea, have reached and pierced the mountain barriers of West-\\nern North Carolina. From State to State, rush the tireless\\nministers of our wealth and pleasure. Instead of the wagon\\ntrain toiling slowly in the rear of weary axemen, we see the\\nmighty train dash by with the speed of the hurricane, and bear-\\ning burdens which would have proved to our ancestors as\\nfixed and immovable as the everlasting hills.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is said of the troublesome years\\n2. What troubles were seen in North Carolina What divisions had\\nsprung up between the eastern and western men of the State?\\n3. How did the men of the two sections view the question of represen-\\ntation\\n4. What is said of the Western Convention of 1823?\\n5. What law was enacted concerning a convention\\nG. What is said of the memorable Convention of 1835 What changes\\nwere made in the Constitution\\n7. What was the majority of votes given to the amendments? Who\\nwas the last Governor selected by the Legislature?\\n8. What two candidates were before the people in 1836 Who was the\\nfirst Governor elected by the people?\\n9. Give some particulars concerning railway charters.\\n10. What is said of railroads throughout the United States?\\n11. Mention the closing thoughts concerning the railroad and telegraph.\\n22", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "170 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XL I.\\nTHE COURTS AND BAR.\\nA. D, 1836 TO 1837.\\nThere had been many changes effected among the people of\\nNorth Carolina by the lapse of time, when the year 1836\\ncame in. Bartlett Yancey, the two Drs. Caldwell and Archi-\\nbald Henderson were all dead, and their places filled by other\\nmen. Cotton was becoming more and more widely cultivated,\\nand, year by year the value of slave property was becoming\\nincreased by reason of the profits realized in the cultivation\\nof this great Southern staple.\\n2. The Dismal Swamp Canal was at last ready for traffic\\nbetween the Albemarle country and Norfolk, in the State of\\nVirginia. A change soon came upon the trade of the towns\\nthus connected by a new water-course with the outer world.\\nThe dangerous voyages through the inlets and out into the\\nocean were by degrees abandoned, and almost all direct trade\\nwith the West Indies ceased.\\n3. The Baptist churches of the greater portion of North\\nCarolina, in 1830, formed what they called a State Conven-\\ntion, and organized for missionary and other purposes.\\nThis important movement was soon to result in a great im-\\nprovement to those concerned, for out of this combination\\nlearned periodicals, new churches and many colleges and\\nschools were to have their origin.\\n4. Among public men of that day Judge Willie P. Man-\\ngum, of Orange, held a distinguished position. His brilliant\\neloquence and gracious demeanor secured his election in 1830,", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "THE COURTS AND BAR. 171\\nover Governor John Owen, to the United States Senate. In\\nthis distinguished body he was to remain long and become\\nhighly influential. A personal difficulty came near resulting\\nin a duel between these two gentlemen, but it was amicably\\nsettled. Governor Owen was no further in public life, except\\nto preside over the convention which nominated Harrison and\\nTyler for the chief executive offices of the United States in\\n1840.\\n5. The accidental burning of the State-House in 1831, was\\na calamity and inconvenience, but the chief regret was over\\nthe loss of the marble statue of Washington. This fine work\\nhad been recently received from the famous sculptor, Canova,\\nand was said to be one of his finest productions.\\n6. Upon the death of Chief Justice Taylor, in 1829, the\\nlegal profession mourned for one of its greatest ornaments.\\nHiss trong native understanding was enhanced by much learn-\\ning; but in addition to this, he possessed qualities which\\npeculiarly fitted him for framing the practice and precedents\\nof a new tribunal. He was a wise and just man, and well\\ndeserved to be called the Mansfield of North Carolina.\\n7. Upon Judge Taylor s death, Leonard Henderson became\\nChief Justice and Judge J. D. Toomer, Associate Justice,\\nNote. By a freak of liberality, unusual in those good old days, when\\nthe State never spent over ninety thousand dollars a year for all purposes\\nwhen taxes were six cents on the one hundred dollars value of real estate\\nonly, and personal property was entirely exempt, the General Assembly\\nhad placed in the rotunda a magnificent statue of Washington, of Carrara\\nmarble, by the great Canova. It was the pride and boast of the State.\\nOur people remembered with peculiar pleasure that LaFayette had stood at\\nits base and commended the beauty of the carving and the fitness of the\\nhonor to the great man, under whom he had served in our war for inde-\\npendence, and whom he regarded with a passionate and reverential love.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094{Hon. Kemp P. Battle, LL. D.)", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "172 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nonly remained a member of the Court a few months, and\\nhaving resigned, was succeeded by Thomas Ruffin, of Orange.\\nNo one in our history has brought higher judicial qualities\\nto the bench than were seen in Judge Ruffin. Deep learning,\\nwide grasp and luminous statement, were soon to make him\\nrespected both at home and abroad.\\n8. Upon the death of Chief Justice Henderson, in 1833,\\nWilliam Gaston, of Craven, was elected to fill the vacancy.\\nThe Court was then composed of Thomas Ruffin, Joseph J.\\nDaniel and William Gaston and was unequaled in America\\nas a legal tribunal. Judge Daniel was able, learned and\\nupright; and in Gaston, nature had combined her highest\\ngifts. His Roman Catholic creed was not shared by many\\npeople of the State, but such were the purity and usefulness\\nof his life, that no man of his time was more beloved or\\ntrusted.\\n9. The Superior Courts of this period were also presided\\nover by wise and honored judges. Henry Sea well, who had,\\nfrom humble origin, made himself a powerful advocate in the\\ncourts, and had twice been clothed with the judicial ermine,\\nhad recently died, and the different circuits were then presided\\nover by Thomas Settle, of Rockingham R. M. Saunders,\\nof Wake; John M. Dick, of Guilford; John L. Bailey, of\\nPasquotank, and Richmond M. Pearson, of Rowan.\\n10. The Bar of North Carolina was never more respected for\\nthe learning and eloquence of its members, than at the period\\nnow T reached in this narrative. Gavin Hogg was dead, and\\nPeter Browne, after amassing a large fortune had retired from\\nthe practice, and was presiding as Chairman of Wake County\\nCourt. Judge Duncan Cameron, after a similar career of\\nsuccess, was content with his farms and position as President\\nof a bank.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "THE COURTS AND BAR. 173\\n1837. 11. Judge Badger, B. F. Moore, Thomas Bragg,\\nand W. N. H. Smith were all in full practice before the\\ncourts, and were the peers of Iredell, Davie and Archibald\\nHenderson of former days. It is impossible to overestimate\\nthe influence for good or evil, which has been and ever will\\nbe exerted by the lawyers in a free land. They are the senti-\\nnels and conservators of public liberty, and, next to the clergy,\\nimprove or impair the morality of the masses.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What changes were noticed in North Carolina in 1836? What is\\nsaid of cotton and slave property\\n2. What great canal had been completed? How did this canal benefit\\nEastern North Carolina? Point out the Dismal Swamp Canal on the map.\\n3. What religious convention had been formed in 1830?\\n4. What public man is now mentioned, and what is said of his abilities?\\n5. What terrible calamity occurred at Raleigh in 1831 What was the\\ncause of special regret\\n6. What mention is made of Chief Justice Taylor\\n7. What changes were made in the Supreme Court? What is said of\\nJudge Thomas Ruffin\\n8. Who succeeded Judge Henderson Who composed the Supreme\\nCourt in 1833\\n9. Can you name some of the Judges of the Superior Court\\n10. What is said of the Bar at this period\\n11. How is the influence of lawyers always felt in a community?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "174 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XLII.\\nORIGIN OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.\\nA. D. 1837 TO 1840.\\nIt will be remembered that in 1767 the first school was\\nincorporated by the Legislature of North Carolina, by the\\nact in favor of the academy at New Bern. In this, and sub-\\nsequent legislation for schools at Edenton and elsewhere, it\\nhad been provided that instruction should be furnished only\\nby communicants of the Church of England.\\n2. When, just previous to the outbreak of the Revolu-\\ntionary war, the founders of the Queen s Museum, at\\nCharlotte, asked incorporation of the Colonial General As-\\nsembly, it was not granted, for the reason that this institution\\nwas Presbyterian, both as to trustees and faculty. Up to\\nthat period dissenting ministers had not been allowed any\\nlegal recognition, and it was considered a great concession that\\nthe Presbyterian clergy were allowed to officiate at marriages.\\n3. During the Revolution (in 1777), the useful seminary at\\nCharlotte was first legally chartered as Liberty Hall. It\\nwas in no way sustained by or connected with the State, but\\nwas to the Presbytery of Orange what Davidson College is\\nnow to the Synod of North Carolina, and was sustained solely\\nby the contributions and patronage of private citizens. In-\\ndeed, this had been the case all along with the chartered\\nschools of New Bern and Edenton.\\n4. In 1776, when the Convention at Halifax framed the\\nfirst Constitution for the State, among the leading ordinances\\nof that instrument was that for the State s active aid to the", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "ORIGIN OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 1 t 5\\neducation of the people. With this clause in the Constitu-\\ntion they all swore to uphold, the legislators had done nothing\\nso far, except to provide, in 1790, for the establishment of\\nthe University at Chapel Hill.*\\n5. This disregard of their organic law on the part of those\\nconstituting the State government, had been deeply regretted\\nby many wise and good men. But only a few had disre-\\ngarded the opposition to taxation for popular education.\\nGovernors Johnston and Davie in former days, and Judge\\nMurphy and Bartlett Yancey of later times, had been strenu-\\nous for a larger compliance with the terms of the State Con-\\nstitution, but the time-servers in the Legislature, who were\\nfearful of incurring popular displeasure, had held back and\\nthus the masses of the State were each year sinking to a pro-\\nfounder depth of ignorance.\\n6. General Jackson and the Democratic party had opposed\\nthe distribution of the proceeds from the sale of national public\\nlands as a fixed rule in the policy of the government, but in\\nhis last administration, many millions of dollars had col-\\nlected in the Federal treasury, for which the general gov-\\nernment had no immediate use. In 1837 this fund was\\ndivided out to all the States except Virginia (that Common-\\nwealth refusing her share). North Carolina s proportion\\namounted to one and a half million dollars.\\n7. This fund, together with the amounts realized from the\\nsale of swamp lands belonging to the State, and certain shares\\nof bank stock, also the property of North Carolina, was set\\naside and invested for the benefit of the public schools of the\\nState, and was known as the School Fund.\\n^Section 41 of the Halifax Constitution declared that all useful learn-\\ning should be duly encouraged and promoted in one or more universities.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "176 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. It was not until the year 1840 that any effective legisla-\\ntion was had for the establishment of the free educational\\nsystem. By an act of the Legislature of 1836, the Governor\\nand three others, by him to be appointed, were constituted the\\nLiterary Board. In 1839 an act was passed to divide the\\ncounties into school districts. It left to each county the\\noption of schools or no schools. It showed considerable\\nadvance in popular wisdom, that nearly all the counties\\ndecided to have schools and to be taxed for the erection of\\nsuch buildings as were necessary in the work.\\n9. Not in the General Assembly alone was the subject of\\neducation receiving unusual attention. The Baptists, in 1836,\\nestablished a high school on the farm of Colonel Caivin\\nJones, in Wake county. A little later it was changed in\\nname and became Wake Forest College. The Presbyterians,\\nin 1838, founded Davidson College, in Mecklenburg. These\\ndenominational institutions were to be noble adjuncts to the\\nUniversity in affording opportunities for liberal culture in\\nour own borders.\\n10. Thus, at last, the old-field schools were superceded\\nand become things of the past. The old fashioned country\\nteacher, who passed from house to house for subsistence, and\\nwas wholly dependent upon the feelings or caprices of one or\\ntwo employers, gradually disappeared as academies and com-\\nmon schools multiplied.\\n11. The Bingham School in Orange, the Bobbitt School in\\nGranville, and numerous other excellent male academies, were\\ngreatly adding to the number of well-informed and useful\\nmen.\\n1840. 12. The Salem Seminary, so widely renowned for\\nthe host of cultivated women sent out to every portion of the", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "ORIGIN OF THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 177\\nSouth, at last found a worthy rival in St. Mary s School.\\nThis institution was established at Raleigh, in 1842, under the\\npatronage of Bishop Ives and the Episcopal Diocese of North\\nCarolina. Rev. Dr. Aldert Smedes, who so long presided\\nover its fortunes, must have been singularly fitted for such a\\nplace; for in no other institution of America was intellectual\\ntraining more largely supplemented by the moral and social\\ngraces.\\nNote. The schools referred to in the text were soon re-inforced by the\\nMethodist Female College and the Caldwell Institute at Greensboro. The\\nformer of these excellent seminaries, after many vicissitudes, has recently\\nbeen rebuilt, and is again dispensing blessings to the young ladies of the\\nchurch to which it is indebted for its foundation.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is this chapter about? What laws had been enacted concern-\\ning education\\n2. Why had incorporation been refused to the Queen s Museum\\n3. What is said of the schools at Charlotte and Davidson\\n4. What clause was in the first State Constitution How had the in-\\ntent of this clause been carried out?\\n5. What were some of the views in regard to popular education?\\nWhat men had advocated the provisions of the Constitution\\nG. What addition to the School Fund did North Carolina receive in\\n1837?\\n7. How was the fund further increased\\n8. Can you mention the legislation at this period affecting school mat-\\nters\\nO. What denominational schools were founded about this time?\\n10. What is said of the old-field schools\\n11. Where were the Bingham and Bobbitt Schools, and what is said of\\ntheir usefulness\\n12. What two female schools are mentioned? What is said of St.\\nMary s School\\n23", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "178 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XLIII.\\nSLAVERY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT.\\nA. D, 1840 TO 1845.\\nWhen the year of our Lord 1840 had come, peace and\\nprosperity were in all portions of North Carolina. Society\\nwas still divided into three classes. These were the white peo-\\nple, the slaves and the free negroes. The latter class had\\noriginated by manumission, and were numerous in some of the\\neastern counties. They had lost prestige and privilege by the\\naction of the State Convention of 1835.\\n2. Before that time, they had, by sufferance, been permitted\\nto vote, but as there was no positive law for this habit, in the\\ngrowing sectional animosities, the free negroes were deemed\\nunfit agents for use of the elective franchise, and they had,\\ntherefore, lost this badge of freedom. As oppression ever de-\\ngrades the people who submit to it, they, of course, were each\\nyear becoming more useless as members of the community.\\n1842. 3. Many were unthrifty and dishonest, and were\\nconsidered a great injury to slaves by association. Therefore,\\nthey were discriminated against in the legislation of the period.\\nNote.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The Presidential campaign of 1840 was an unusually exciting-\\none. The Whig nominee, William Henry Harrison, was charged by his\\nopponents as having lived in a log cabin, with nothing to drink but hard\\ncider. His friends made good use of these charges. Hard Cider be-\\ncame a political watch-word, and, in the numerous Whig processions, a log\\ncabin on wheels occupied the most prominent and honored position. The\\nLog Cabin Campaign will long be remembered. President Harrison\\ndied within one month after his inauguration. His last words were, The\\nprinciples of the Government; I wish them carried out. I ask nothing\\nmore.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "SLAVERY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT. 179\\nVirginia and Ohio had both enacted statutes which forbade\\ntheir access to those borders. North Carolina provided by law\\nthat in case of their removal from the State they lost their\\nresidence and were forbidden to return.\\n4. Of course all this was harsh and unjust, but in the heated\\ncontest between Southern slave-owners and Northern abolition-\\nists, the claims of mercy and forbearance were forgotten by\\nthose who contended both for property and principle. As the\\nwhole colored population, both bond and free, were not per-\\nmitted to testify in courts of justice, except as for or against\\nthemselves, where no white person was involved, they were\\nalso shorn of legal protection.\\n5. The slaves also were sufferers by the spirit of the age.\\nThe law denied them education lest incendiary documents\\nshould reach them from the societies at the North, which were\\nsoon to manifest their spirit in the invasion of John Brown.\\nIt was seen that slavery and intellectual culture were incom-\\npatible, and therefore not even enough learning was allowed\\nthe slave to read the Bible. This fact, added to the further\\nhardship as to marital relations among the slaves, created\\nregret in the minds of many Southern men.\\n6. These were hard problems for solution. In fact, slavery\\nwas inconsistent with all the grand doctrines touching human\\nrights which had been so nobly propounded and exemplified\\nin the new American polity. But human nature has ever\\nprompted men to overlook abstract rights where they conflict\\nwith great vested claims to property. No people in the world s\\nhistory have risen to the height of impoverishing themselves\\nfor the benefit of others.\\n7. The Northern States had sold their slaves rather than\\nfree them in their acts of manumission. It was not possible", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "180 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nfor this to be further repeated by the Commonwealths still\\nretaining the institution so, in blind dread of the future and\\nin utter hopelessness of any other solution of their difficulty,\\nexcept in remaining as they were, the statesmen of the South\\ncontented themselves with a simple policy of resistance to\\nchange.\\n1845. 8. Among the white people of North Carolina were\\nfound all who participated in the conduct of public affairs.\\nThe means of popular education had been too recently adopted\\nto show effects upon the community. In this way the per-\\ncentage of ignorance among the whites was lamentably great\\nas compared with other States of the Union. The labors of\\na few wise men were just being crowned with success and the\\nchildren of the poor were receiving the rudiments of educa-\\ntion in every portion of the State.\\n9. In religion, the great mass of the people belonged to\\nchurches in the country. These rural congregations, as a gen-\\neral thing, met on one Saturday and the succeeding Sabbath of\\neach month, to attend the preaching of a minister who often\\nserved other churches as pastor the remaining Sundays.\\nBeyond the Sunday-schools and annual protracted meetings,\\nthere were no other religious observances except occasional\\nfunerals and prayer-meetings at private houses.\\n10. The ancient balls and horse-races of the eastern coun-\\nties had, in a large measure, ceased. In the growth of the\\nMethodist and Baptist Churches in that section, such amuse-\\nments had been so discouraged that festivities of the kind\\nbecame rare. In the western sections of North Carolina they\\nhad never been countenanced by the stern discipline of the\\nPresbyterians.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "SLAVERY AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT. 181\\n11. It was in this way that the summers become more or\\nless marked by great assemblages in the camp or protracted\\nmeetings. They were, to the devout, seasons of religious\\ndevotion, but to the young and thoughtless, opportunities for\\nunbounded courtship and social enjoyment.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What three classes of society existed in North Carolina in 1840\\n2. What laws had been enacted by the Legislature as affecting free\\nnegroes\\n3. Why were these laws passed\\n4. What is said of the condition of the negroes?\\n5. How had the people been forced to this legislation? How was this\\nstate of affairs considered by many Southern men\\n6. What reflections are offered upon the question of slavery\\n7. What had the Northern Slates done with their slaves? How was\\nthe South compelled to act\\n8. What educational progress was being made\\n9. What was the condition of religious matters\\n10. What effects were seen from the growth of the churches?\\n11. What great congregations were found in various places during the\\nsummer", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "182 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XLIV.\\nTHE MEXICAN WAR.\\nA. D. 1845 TO 1847.\\nGovernor Dudley was opposed by ex-Governor John\\nBranch, of Halifax, as the candidate of the Democratic party\\nin 1838. Governor Branch had been in the Cabinet of Gen-\\neral Jackson, and, upon his defeat in this contest, retired from\\npublic life in North Carolina to assume the appointment of\\nterritorial Governor of Florida. In the gubernatorial con-\\ntest, two years later, John Motley Morehead, of Guilford, as\\nthe nominee of the Whigs, likewise defeated the Democratic\\nleader, Judge Romulus M. Saunders.\\n2. They were both men of large natural endowments, and\\nhave never been surpassed in the vigor of their debates before\\nthe people. They were both educated at Chapel Hill, and\\nwere types of the ablest Southern men of their day. Con-\\ntent with the results of moderate acquirements in their pro-\\nfession as lawyers, and with small regard for mere literary or\\nartistic attainments, they read the newspapers and the law\\ntouching some case before them, and were satisfied in the\\nbestowal of their remaining hours upon mere business and\\nsocial employment.\\n3. In this way there remain so few memorials of the public\\nmen of North Carolina and other Southern States. Beyond\\na speech reported in the Congressional debates, a legal decision\\nin the Supreme Court, or an address at some college com-\\nmencement, their record as officials and traditions of the past\\nalone survive to inform the present generation as to what man-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "THE MEXICAN WAR. 183\\nber of men they were. Judge Saunders made a high reputa-\\ntion as a member of Congress and Governor Morehead so\\ngrew in favor that eloquent Lewis D. Henry, who opposed\\nhis re-election, was also defeated by a considerable majority.\\n4. In the deaths of Judges Gaston and Daniel of the\\nSupreme Court, and of Lewis Williams, who had for so many\\nyears served as a member of Congress, there was deep sor-\\nrow in all the State. These were aged men, and there was a\\nkeener pang at the early demise of Michael Hoke, of Lincoln.\\nHe had just concluded a brilliant canvass against William A.\\nGraham, of Orange, for the office of Governor, and the double\\ndisaster of defeat and death was deeply commiserated, even\\nby his late antagonists of the Whig party.\\n1844. 5. This election of Governor Graham was to mark\\na new era in the development of the State. He was the son\\nof General Joseph Graham, of the Revolution, and inherited\\nmany of his virtues. No public man in the history of the\\nState has brought closer application or a higher elevation to\\nhis duties. Like Richard Caswell and Nathaniel Macon, his\\nhold upon the public affections was never lost, and to the day\\nof his death he was first in the hearts of his countrymen\\nof North Carolina.\\n6. The election of Mr. Polk over Henry Clay, in the Presi-\\ndential campaign of 1844, was ominous of war with the Mexi-\\ncan Republic. The infatuated people of that country resented\\nthe annexation of Texas; and many men of North Carolina\\nwere sorely tried that the Democratic policy had thus resulted\\nin actual hostilities with a neighboring power. For this rea-\\nson there was not the usual alacrity seen in the enlistment of\\nvolunteers for the army of the United States.\\n7. The President of the United States was a native of North\\nCarolina and had been educated at Chapel Hill. His gracious", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "184 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nvisit to the University during his term of office was highly\\nappreciated and largely redounded to the honor of that ancient\\ninstitution.*\\n1846. 8. A regiment of North Carolina volunteers was\\nsent to Mexico under Colonel Robert Trent Paine, of Chowan.\\nIt was stationed on the lines of communication, but was not\\nactively engaged in any of the battles. Two companies of\\nNorth Carolina troops, under Captains W. J. Clarke and\\nCharles R. Jones, were mustered into the Twelfth Regiment\\nUnited States Infantry, and did valiant service in the battle\\nat National Bridge.\\n9. Louis D. Wilson, of Edgecombe, had been Captain of\\nCompany A, in Colonel Paine s regiment. He was promoted\\nto Major and assigned to duty in the Twelfth United States\\nInfantry. He died on duty in Mexico, and left his estate to\\nthe benefit of the poor of his native county.\\n10. Captain Braxton Bragg gained great credit for his con-\\nduct at the battle of Buena Vista (Bwa nah Vees tah), where,\\nwith a single battery of light artillery, he resisted the attack\\nof a large force upon General Taylor s left flank, and thus\\nprevented a movement that would otherwise have caused the\\n*Note. James K. Polk was born in Mecklenburg county in 1795, and\\ndied in 1849.\\nThe announcement of Mr. Polk s nomination was the first news ever\\nsent by magnetic telegraph. It was transmitted from Baltimore to Wash-\\nington, May 29, 1844, over a line built with \u00c2\u00a730,000 appropriated by Con-\\ngress to test Professor Morse s invention. This was the grandest event of\\nthis administration, and it has largely influenced the civilization and pros-\\nperity of this country. (Barnes History of the United States.)\\nBy a singular coincidence, the author of this North Carolina History was\\nin the telegraph office at Baltimore when this news was sent.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "THE MEXICAN WAK. 185\\nimmediate retreat and probable destruction of the American\\narmy.*\\n11. Major Samuel McRee, of Wilmington, rendered valua-\\nble service as Chief Quartermaster in the army under Gen-\\neral Seott. Captain J. H. K. Burgwinn, of the First United\\nStates Dragoons, died of his wounds at Taos (Ta os). Lieu-\\ntenant James G. Martin lost an arm and gained a brevet at\\nChurubusco (Choo-roo-boos ko). Captains F. H. Holmes and\\nGabriel Rains, and Lieutenant T. T. Bryan, all gave valua-\\nble and recognized service in the two columns under Generals\\nScott and Taylor.\\n*The smoke was so dense in this action that Captain Bragg was ahle\\nto place his battery within fifty yards of the advancing column. He\\ngave the foe a round of double canister, which opened great gaps in their\\nranks. They staggered and recoiled under this murderous fire. When the\\ndelighted American commander saw that the battle was won, he arose in\\nhis stirrups and joyfully shouted Give them a little more grape, Captain\\nBragg.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What period have we now reached Who were Governors at this\\ntime? What is said of Governor John Branch?\\n2. What mention is made of the candidates for Governor in 1840?\\n3. What records have we of North Carolina s public men?\\n4. What deaths of prominent men occurred about this period?\\n5. What Governor was elected in 1834? How was he beloved in the\\nState?\\n6. What troubles arose in national matters on the election of James K.\\nPolk?\\n7. Of what State was President Polk a native? What is said of his\\nvisit to the University?\\n8. Can you mention the North Carolina troops sent to Mexico, and their\\ncommanders?\\n9. Tell something of Major Louis D. Wilson\\n10. What valiant officer was with General Taylor at Beuna Vista?\\nGive an account of his timely aid to the American army.\\n11. What other North Carolina officers are spoken of? 24", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "186 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XLV.\\nTHE NORTH CAROLINA RAILWAY AND THE ASYLUMS.\\nA. D. 1848.\\nNo single year in human records has been more prolific of\\nchange and social advancement than that which witnessed the\\noverthrow of King Louis Phillipe [Loo e Fe-leep in France,\\nand the general upheaval of all Europe. It seemed that the\\nspirits of the sixteenth century had revisited the earth, and\\nthat men were everywhere resolved on revolution or amend-\\nment.\\n1848. 2- North Carolina formed no exception to this gen-\\neral impulse of Christendom. A wise and patriotic disregard\\nof old sectional and party traditions first led to the assump-\\ntion by the State of a controlling part in the great work of\\ninternal improvement. The railroads that had been pre-\\nviously constructed from different points to Roanoke River,\\nwere all in a deplorable condition.\\n3. The Raleigh and Gaston route was so decayed and\\nimpaired in its equipments that a whole day was consumed in\\nthe passage of a mail train over the eighty miles traversed.\\nThe Seaboard route to Portmouth, Virginia, was prostrate and\\nout of use. While the Wilmington Road was in somewhat\\nbetter plight, it was still served by feeble engines, which drew\\na few 7 trains slowly along the track ironed no more heavily\\nthan the wheels of a six-horse wagon.\\n4. The additional fact that no railway went further west\\nthan the village of Raleigh, also prevented the accumulation\\nof such travel and traffic as to repay the outlay of construe-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "THE RAILROADS AND ASYLUMS. 187\\ntion and equipment. The Wilmington Road furnished the\\noreat route between the North and South, and in this way won\\nricher returns than lines leading to the interior.\\n5. The long-deferred hopes of Western Carolina were at\\nlast to begin the process of fulfillment. Ex-Governor More-\\nhead and others besought the Legislature for the State s aid\\nin a great line which should connect Charlotte, Greensboro,\\nRaleigh and Goldsboro. This was to be called the North\\nCarolina Railroad, and embraced two hundred and forty\\nmiles of track. This line, extended from Goldsboro to Beau-\\nfort, was to foster and create a North Carolina port.\\n6. Eastern men, as a general thing, opposed this bill, but\\nit was earnestly supported by William S. Ashe, of New Hano-\\nver, and others, in the House of Representatives and, having\\npassed that body, it was sent to the Senate. The vote in the\\nupper House resulted in a tie. Calvin Graves, of Caswell,\\nwas President. He had been a life-long Democrat, and knew\\nthat the people of his county were opposed to the State s aid-\\ning the proposed road, but he nobly discharged what he\\nthought to be his duty, and, by his casting vote, the bill became\\na law.\\n7. This great step in building up the material prosperity of\\nthe Commonwealth did not satisfy the desires of this memo-\\nrable Assembly. Measures that had been adopted at the pre-\\nvious session for the establishment of an institution for the\\neducation of the deaf, dumb and the blind children of the\\nState were perfected; and, at the earnest solicitation of Miss\\nDorothea Dix, of New York, a further appropriation was\\nmade for the erection of a hospital for the insane.*\\n*Miss Dix devoted her life to the amelioration of this unfortunate class\\nof people. In North Carolina, as generally in the Repultlic, there had", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "188 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. North Carolina was in this way filling out the measure\\nof her civilization and humanity. As in their highways is to\\nbe found the truest test of any people s real material advance-\\nment, so, in thus providing for the safety and comfort of\\nthe unfortunate and helpless, was the complement of social\\namenity. It was an instance of the highest and purest legis-\\nlative wisdom and far removed from the lower atmosphere of\\nmere political enactments.\\n9. In this memorable session of 1848- 49, a still further\\nexemplification of the wisdom of the North Carolina Legis-\\nlature was seen in their statute for the protection of married\\nwomen. Before that time the husband had acquired, by virtue\\nof his marriage, title to the whole of his wife s estate, both\\nreal and personal. He not only could, by law, restrain her\\npersonal liberty, but he could also, without her consent, sell\\nwhatever property had been hers, either before or after matri-\\nmonial relations were established.\\n10. The statute of this year provided that the wife s lands\\nshould not be subject to sale by the husband without her full\\nand free consent and joinder in the conveyance. This was to\\nbe attested by a lawful examination and certificate appended\\nto the deed conveying such lands.\\n11. Therefore, again, was the advanced humanity of the age\\nattested in this legal supervision of another defenceless portion\\nof the community. It was, ere long, to be further seen that\\nbeen no better disposition of lunatics than their confinement in the loath-\\nsome dungeons of county jails. Numbers who might have been restored\\nto reason and usefulness were, in this way, condemned to the horrors of\\nperpetual insanity. Instead of the comforts, kindness and restoration now\\nto be found in the admirable management of Dr. Grissom, the poor lunatic\\nlay in chains in the murderer s cell and howled out his life amid the dark-\\nness and foetid exhalations of the hell to which he was doomed.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "THE RAILROADS AND ASYLUMS. 189\\nthe ancient English rules allowing the husband the right of\\npersonal chastisement were also to be abolished, and in larger\\nhumanity was this other badge of inferiority numbered among\\nthe things of the past.\\n12. There have been periods in the history of all commu-\\nnities that times of extraordinary development are witnessed.\\nThe overthrow of one ancient abuse leads to the correction of\\nanother; and thus, in the awakened sympathies of the hour,\\nthe usual supineness and indifference of men as to needed\\nreformations give way to a new and higher humanity.\\nQUESTIONS.\\nI. What is this lesson about? What is said of the period now reached\\nii. How was North Carolina feeling the general impulse of improve-\\nment?\\n3. In what condition were the railroads?\\n4. How far west were the railroads leading? Which of the roads was\\nobtaining most travel?\\n5. What important railway is now mentioned? What was to be its\\nextent?\\n6. Can you describe the passage of the Kailroad Bill through the\\nLegislature?\\n7. What charitable institutions were provided for at this session\\nThrough whose instrumentality was the appropriation made for the Insane\\nAsylum?\\n8. What is said of these internal improvements?\\n9. What other important law was enacted at this session? Can you tell\\nsomething of the rights of married women previous to this time?\\n10. What were the provisions of the new law?\\nII. What was indicated by these acts of the State?\\n12. What reflections are made upon this era?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "190 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XLYI.\\nA SPECTRE OF THE PAST REAPPEARS.\\nA. D, 1849 TO 1852.\\nThe female seminaries of Salem, Raleigh and Greensboro\\nwere supplemented, in 1848, in the establishment, by the\\nChowan and Portsmouth Baptist Associations, of another\\nfemale school of high grade at Murfreesboro. This useful\\nand popular institution was to acquire great reputation, and\\nattract support from many of the Southern States. The Uni-\\nversity, Wake Forest and Davidson Colleges were all finding\\nlarger appreciation and growing in the number of their stu-\\ndents, as many were leaving Northern institutions and obtain-\\ning education nearer their homes.\\n2. Governor Morehead had been followed in office as Chief\\nMagistrate by a man of equal usefulness in the person of Wil-\\nliam A. Graham, of Orange. In the United States Senate,\\nJudges Mangum and Badger were among the foremost men\\nof the Republic, and brought honor on North Carolina and\\nthemselves by the wisdom of their service.\\n3. In the House of Representatives, Colonel James J.\\nMcKay, of Bladen, had long been recognized as one of the\\nleading men of the House, and was chairman of the Com-\\nmittee on Ways and Means. Messrs. Kenneth Rayner and\\nThomas L. Clingman were even more eloquent; and the latter\\nwas a statesman who brought a degree of devotion and learn-\\ning to his discharge of duty which has perhaps never been\\nsurpassed by any man yet delegated by the State.\\n1849. 4. At the expiration of Governor Graham s term\\nof office, Charles Manly, of Wake, became Governor. The", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "A SPECTEE OF THE PAST REAPPEARS. 11)1\\npeople of the State grew excited in the contest between Messrs.\\nManly and Reid over the Democratic proposition to abolish\\nthe free-hold qualification of voters for State Senators. It\\nhad been, ever since 1776, necessary for a man to possess fifty\\nacres of land to be entitled to this franchise. It was now pro-\\nposed to allow all white men the privilege of suffrage.\\n5. Upon the election of General Taylor as President of the\\nUnited States, Mr. Polk retired to private life, and soon died\\nat Nashville, Tennessee. He was a pure and laborious man,\\nbut was not the equal of Andrew Jackson in those great natu-\\nral gifts which immortalized the hero of New Orleans (New\\nOr le-ans).\\n6. Upon the cessation of war with Mexico, it had been\\nagreed in the treaty of peace that upon the payment of a large\\nsum of money, Upper California should, with other Mexican\\nterritory, belong to the United States. The discovery of\\nimmense deposits of gold on the Pacific coast led to such\\nimmigration that, in 1850, California was applying for admis-\\nsion as a State into the Union.\\n7. Again the spectre of coming strife and bloodshed was\\nseen in the renewal of the struggle over the question of free-\\ndom or slavery in this new sister in the galaxy of States.\\nSouthern men, like Henry Clay, thought that the whole sub-\\nject had been settled in 1821, when, by the Missouri Compro-\\nmise, it had been ordained that involuntary servitude should\\nnot obtain north of the geographical line 36\u00c2\u00b0 30 north lati-\\ntude.\\n1851. 8. It was understood, as the bulk of Federal ter-\\nritory lay north of this parallel, that the fragment south\\nwould therefore become slave-holding. But they were told\\nthat the inhibition alone was effective, and that no such con-", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "192 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nverse right was intended to be conveyed as that contended for\\nby the men of the South. The most logical of these men\\nsaid that Congress had exceeded its powers in the enactment\\nmentioned, and that no power could settle the question but\\nthe people of the new State.\\n9. It was seen that Wilmot s Proviso/ excluding slavery\\nfrom all future States, was the fixed determination of the\\nNorthern people. So, after a protracted and bitter struggle,\\nMr. Clay, as the last service of a long and illustrious life,\\nprocured the passage of the compromise in which the only\\nconcession by Northern men was the Fugitive Slave Law.\\n10. This statute provided that Federal courts and officers\\nshould arrest and return to their owners such slaves as should\\nbe found absconding in the different States of the Union,\\nwhether free or slave-holding. It was greeted by a prodigious\\noutcry from the Northern press and people. They determined\\nthat this national law should not be executed, and the differ-\\nent legislatures of the free States began their enactment of\\npersonal liberty laws, which made it penal to aid in carrying\\nout the law of Congress.\\n11. The white people of the South were exasperated and\\ndisheartened at such manifestations. They said that it was a\\nplain violation of -their constitutional rights, and many became\\nconvinced that the Federal Union had ceased to be beneficial\\nto the South. To meet this state of affairs it was recom-\\nmended that the Southern States should leave the Union by\\nsecession.\\n12. Very few men or women reached such a conclusion at\\nthat time in North Carolina. It was generally thought best\\nto appeal to the sober second thoughts of the North and await\\ncalmer councils. It was a hard measure of justice to expect", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "A SPECTRE OF THE I AST REAPPEABS. 193\\na people to surrender so much prejudice and property at once;\\nand thus the breach widened between the contending sections.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What educational institutions are mentioned?\\n2. Who was Governor in 1848? What two men were distinguished in\\nthe United States Senate?\\n3. Who were the representative men in the House?\\n4. Who succeeded Governor Graham in 1850? What proposition\\nwas agitating the people?\\n5. Who succeeded Mr. Polk as President of the United States? What\\nis said of President Polk?\\nG. What events were occurring in the West\\n7. What spectre of the past reappears? Relate the circumstances?\\n8. In what condition was the question now seen?\\n9. What is said of the Wilmot Proviso and Fugitive Slave Law\\n10. What was the Fugitive Slave Law How did the North legis-\\nlate against this law of Congress\\n11. How was the South affected by these troubles?\\n12. What was North Carolina s course in the matter?\\n25", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "194 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XLVII.\\nTHE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL STATUS.\\nA, D. 1852 TO 1859.\\nThe election of General Franklin Pierce to the Presidency,\\nin 1852, was considered by many as a rebuke to those who had\\nbeen so clamorous in the North against the compromise of\\n1851. He was a warm supporter of the rights of the indi-\\nvidual States, and the knowledge of this fact brought repose\\nto the minds of Southern men. North Carolina had just\\nentered upon a wise development of her material resources,\\nand, with her recent erection of public charities, was attaining\\na higher plane of social benefactions than had ever been wit-\\nnessed before.\\n2. The adoption of the free suffrage change in the State\\nConstitution, the completion of the great central railway, the\\nopening of the asylums and the large addition to the number\\nof schools, only continued the evidence of a wide-spread pros-\\nperity. Capitalists, for the first time, began to invest their\\nwealth in cotton and woolen factories. Great attention was\\ngiven by the public press and the stump orators to the mineral\\nresources of the Commonwealth.*\\n*The erection of the office of Superintendent of Common Schools, in 1853,\\nand the appointment of Calvin H. Wiley, of Guilford, to that position\\nmarked an extraordinary advance in the matter of popular education. Mr.\\nWiley soon evinced so much discretion and devotion to his duties that his\\npropositions of improvement were adopted, and his views and wishes soon\\nbecame those of the State government. The same year was further signal-\\nized by the Normal School, under charge of Mr. Craven, being empowered", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL STATUS. 195\\n3. With the new lines of railroad and the restoration of the\\nold routes, there was a large advance in the value of real estate\\nand in the amount of productions sent abroad. The use of\\nPeruvian Guano and other concentrated fertilizers was only\\nbeing introduced, but the example of Edgecombe county in\\nthe use of native compost heaps was spreading in every direc-\\ntion and immensely adding to the yield of exhausted fields.\\n4. It was a notable thing in the political history of the\\ncountry, that, in the Presidential contest of 1852, both the\\ncandidates for Vice-President, of the Whig and Democratic\\nparties, were born in North Carolina and educated at Chapel\\nHill. Ex-Governor William R. King, then of Alabama,\\nwas chosen over ex-Governor Graham, who had been Secre-\\ntary of the Navy in the Cabinet of President Fillmore.\\n5. The churches were prospering under their large benefac-\\ntions to education. A larger culture was coming to those who\\nfilled the pulpits at home, and devoted men like Dr. Matthew\\nT. Yates, were going to heathen lands to devote their lives to\\nthe good of other races. The Episcopal Church had abundant\\ncompensation in the wisdom and virtues of Bishop Atkinson,\\nfor the loss of Bishop Ives, upon his leaving that communion\\nfor the Church of Rome. The great slavery controversy was\\nbringing trouble and division to the Baptists and Methodists,\\nand thus, not only statesmen and politicians, but ministers of\\nthe Gospel were also set at variance.\\n1854. 6. From Massachusetts was sent, at this period, a\\nnew and startling impulse to the pulpits and hustings of the\\nby the Legislature to grant literary degrees and the assumption of the full\\ndignities of a college. After nearly thirty years of usefulness, this institu-\\ntion, now known as Trinity College, is still accomplishing great good under\\nthe auspices of the Methodists of the State.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "196 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nland. It had been the peculiar glory of the American people\\nthat they were the originators of the great doctrine and prac-\\ntice of religious liberty. A new party, calling themselves the\\nKnow-Nothings, had carried that State and were proclaim-\\ning their opposition to all Catholics as public officers.*\\n7. This was to prove a short-lived and pernicious movement.\\nIt not only contravened the noblest American precedents, but\\nat once combined all the ends and fragments of parties which\\nhad previously opposed the great organization that had been\\nled by Jefferson and Jackson. Besides their hostility to the\\nRoman Catholic religion, they inculcated one other principle.\\nThis was opposition to the naturalization of foreign immi-\\ngrants until after a residence of twenty-one years within the\\nborders of the United States.\\n8. The success of this new party ended in the Virginia\\ncampaign between Governor Wise and T. S. Flournoy, and it\\nwas succeeded in the North by yet another political organiza-\\ntion called the Republicans. It was the outgrowth of the\\nfamous controversy in Congress over the passage of the Kan-\\nsas-Nebraska Bill.\\n1855. 9. This statute was, in effect, but a continuance of\\nthe legislation in regard to California, and amounted to little\\nbeyond transferring the question of slave or free territory from\\nCongress to the new States but it was resented by the masses\\nof the Northern States as an unholy violation of good faith\\nplighted in the passage of the Missouri Compromise. It was\\nto prove as fatal as was the Grecian horse to ancient Troy, and\\nin its success was pealed the death-knell of slavery.\\n10. Amid the discord and bloodshed, brought on by this\\nnew scheme of Judge Stephen A. Douglas, of Illinois, it was\\n*The Know-Nothings were also called the American Party, and\\ntheir motto was America for Americans.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL STATUS. 197\\nsoon seen that by another claim of power for settlers in terri-\\ntories, called Squatter Sovereignty, there was to be neither\\nprotection to Southern immigrants in removing with their\\nproperty, nor any prospect of a fair solution of a vexed\\nquestion.\\n1858. 1 1 More in sorrow than anger, the people of North\\nCarolina listened to the echoes of Bleeding Kansas. While\\nother States were despairing of further peace and protection\\nin the Union, and were slowly maturing schemes for dissolv-\\ning all political connection with the Federal Government, the\\nOld North State had not yet become hopeless of the Republic.\\n12. The people, whose forefathers had done and suffered so\\nmuch to establish the Union, were unwilling to disturb the\\nrelations that had produced so much peace and happiness in\\nthe past. They were blessed with all the material elements of\\nprosperity, and, with pain and distrust, took thought of what\\nwas too soon to occur.\\nNote. On June 27th, 1857, an event occurred in North Carolina which\\nbrought sadness to the whole State. Rev. Elisha Mitchell, D. D., while\\nmaking researches and surveys upon Black Mountain, in the darkness of\\nnight lost his way and fell over a very steep precipice and water-fall,\\nand was killed. His remains were found, eleven days after the accident, in\\na pool of clear water at the foot of the water-fall. They are now resting\\non the highest point of the mountain, and the spot is known as Mitchell s\\nPeak. Dr. Mitchell found, by measurement, that the Black Mountain\\nwas the highest point of land east of the Eocky Mountains. Mitchell s\\nPeak is 6,672 feet above the level of the sea, and 244 feet higher than\\nMount Washington, in New Hampshire.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. Of what does this chapter treat? How was the election of President\\nPierce considered? What was the condition of North Carolina?\\n2. What is said of the internal improvements?\\n3. How was the value of lands being greatly increased?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "198\\nHISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n4. What is said of the Presidential contest of 1852? What two candi-\\ndates were from North Carolina?\\n5. In what condition were religious matters? Which religious denomi-\\nnations were being affected by the question of slavery?\\n6. What new party was organized in Massachusetts? What was the\\nmain policy of the Know-Nothings\\n7. What else is said of that new party?\\n8. How did the Know-Nothings terminate? Who were the suc-\\ncessors?\\n9. What is said of the Kansas-Nebraska Bill How were the peo-\\nple affected by it?\\n10. How was the South to be affected by Squatter Sovereignty\\n11. How was North Carolina acting under the national troubles?\\n12. How was the past and future viewed by the people of this State?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "PRESIDENT LINCOLN AND THE WAR. 199\\nCHAPTER XLYIII.\\nPRESIDENT LINCOLN AND THE WAR.\\nA. D. 1860 TO 1861.\\nAfter the defeat of Charles Manly by David S. Reid, of\\nRockingham, for Governor in 1851, the Democrats had been\\ngaining in strength in each succeeding election. Under the\\nwise and moderate counsels of Governor Bragg, they were put\\nin possession of every branch of the State government.\\nMessrs. Mangum and Badger were succeeded by Governor\\nReid and Colonel Asa Biggs, of Martin, as United States\\nSenators; and when, in 1858, another Governor was to be\\nchosen, both Judge John W. Ellis, of Rowan, and his com-\\npetitor, Duncan K. McRae, of Cumberland, claimed to be\\ndefenders of the Democratic faith.*\\n1860. 2. After seventy years of party struggles touching\\nthe relations of the General Government to the individual\\nStates, the Presidential contest of 1860 opened with such\\nnotes of violence and public confusion, that it was at once\\nseen that the supreme crisis had come at last.\\n3. The only issue before the American people was that of\\nslavery in the Territories. The Democrats were divided into\\ntwo fragments. Those supporting Judge Douglas for the\\nPresidency advocated Squatter Sovereignty. The Breckin-\\n*In the grave national emergency of the Presidential election of 1860,\\nthe contest between Governor Ellis and John Pool was still more exciting,\\nfrom the fact of a dangerous innovation proposed by the supporters of Mr.\\nPool, in what was called the ad valorem scheme of taxation. It caused\\ngreat excitement among slave-owners, and was denounced as the first step\\ntoward abolition of slavery.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "200 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nridge men said that the question of slavery should only be\\nsettled as to the new States at their constitutional conventions;\\nwhile Republicans, supporting Abraham Lincoln, proclaimed\\nthat only the enactment of the Wilmot Proviso would\\nsatisfy them. Messrs. Bell and Everett and their party were\\nsilent on all these stormy differences, and were not of much\\nsignificance in the general upheaval.\\n4. It was seen at an early period of the contest, that the\\nbulk of the Southern people would be found supporting\\nBreckinridge and Lane.* It was generally held in all the\\nslave-holding States, that the election of Mr. Lincoln would\\nbe significant of a purpose among Northern men to disregard\\ntheir rights, and that the inauguration of the abolition policy\\nby the Federal officers would compel and justify the secession\\nof the Southern States from the Union.\\n5. When, in November, 1860, it was known that the\\nRepublicans had triumphed in the national election, and that\\nAbraham Lincoln was chosen President of the United States\\nby a majority of the electors in the different State electoral\\ncolleges, then it was realized that the extreme Southern States\\nwould, at an early period, sever their connection with the gov-\\nernment at Washington. North Carolina and the other border\\nslave States were unwilling to follow in such a course, until\\nsome overt act of interference on the part of jthe Federal\\nauthorities with the States should justify such extreme\\nmeasures.\\nJoseph Lane was born in Buncombe county in this State, and was the\\ncousin of Colonel el Lane, who once owned the lands upon which\\nRaleigh was bir 1 ie had served gallantly as a Brigadier General in\\nMexico, after in Congress and as Governor of Oregon, but was of\\nlimited caj c d attainments.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "PRESIDENT LINCOLN AND THE WAR. 201\\n1861. 6. South Carolina and others were unwilling to abide\\nsuch a policy. They said that protection of their property\\nwould be impossible in the Union, and therefore, before the\\ninauguration of President Lincoln, on March 4th, 1861, seven\\nStates had assembled conventions, and by ordinance declared\\nthe ties formerly binding them to the Republic of the United\\nStates as null and void.\\n7. North Carolina refused to join in such a movement\\nuntil, in April, the President, in consequence of the attack\\nupon and capture of Fort Sumter, required of Governor\\nEllis his State s proportion of an army of seventy-five thousand\\nmen, which was to be used in the coercion of the recusant\\nStates. The demand made upon Governor Ellis was refused;\\nand, upon his recommendation, twenty thousand volunteers\\nwere asked for by the General Assembly to sustain North\\nCarolina in such a course as should be determined on by a\\nConstitutional Convention.\\n8. This State Convention was called by the Legislature, and\\nmet on the 20th day of May, 1861, in the hall of the House\\nof Commons. On this anniversary of the Mecklenburg Decla-\\nration the Ordinance of Secession was passed, and North Caro-\\nlina made haste to connect herself with the Confederate\\nStates of America.\\n*The Ordinance of Secession was as follows:\\nan ordinance dissolving the union between the state of north\\ncarolina and the other states united with her under the\\ncompact of government entitled the constitution of the\\nunited states.\\nWe, the people of the State of North Carolina, in Convention assembled, do\\ndeclare and ordain, and it is hereby declared and ordained, That the ordinance\\nadopted by the State of North Carolina in the Convention \\\\f)% whereby\\nthe Constitution of the United States was ratified and aa k 1 and also\\n26", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "202 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n9. Many good people had hoped and prayed that the\\ntroubles between the North and South would be peaceably\\narranged but all hope of such a blessing was now lost and\\nthe whole Commonwealth resounded with the notes of prepa-\\nration for the war. In every county men pressed forward by\\nthousands to enlist for the defence of the cause the State had\\nso lately and deliberately adopted.\\n10. Governor John W. Ellis was in the last stages of hope-\\nless disease, but, with great resolution, addressed himself to\\nthe discharge of the onerous duties of his station until his\\ndeath, on June 9th, 1861. He was succeeded by Colonel\\nHenry Toole Clark, of Edgecombe, who became Governor of\\nthe State by virtue of his office as President of the Senate.\\n11. Colonel John F. Hoke, of Lincoln, was succeeded as\\nAdjutant General by James G. Martin, of Pasquotank, late a\\nMajor in the army of the United States. The forts, Macon\\nand Caswell, were seized, as was also the Federal arsenal at\\nFayetteville and, in this way, fifty-seven thousand stand of\\nsmall fire-arms and a considerable store of cannon and ammu-\\nnition were secured.\\n12. After many years of peace and prosperity, the people\\nof North Carolina were once again to exhibit their devotion\\nto what they believed it was their duty to uphold. In the\\nfirst Revolution they had contributed twenty-two thousand\\nall acts and parts of acts of the General Assembly ratifying and adopting\\namendments to the said Constitution, are hereby repealed, rescinded and\\nabrogated.\\nWe do further declare and ordain, That the Union now subsisting between\\nthe State of North Carolina and the other States, under the title of The\\nUnited States of America, is hereby dissolved, and that the State of North\\nCarolina is in full possession and exercise of all those rights of sovereignty\\nwhich belong and appertain to a free and independent State.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "PRESIDENT LINCOLN AND THE WAR. 203\\nnine hundred and ten men to the defence of the United colo-\\nnies; in this second upheaval more than twelve myriads\\ncrowded to the fray, and grew famous on more than a hundred\\nfields for their patient valor and loyal obedience to North\\nCarolina and the Confederate States.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What political changes were seen in North Carolina at this time?\\n2. How was the Presidential contest of 1861 viewed\\n3. What was the issue in the contest? Who were the candidates, and\\nwhat were their platforms?\\n4. To whom were most of the Southern people giving support How\\ndid they view the probable election of Abraham Lincoln?\\n5. Who was elected? What did some of the Southern States intend to\\ndo? What was North Carolina s position?\\n6. What occurred before the inauguration of Mr. Lincoln?\\n7. What hastened the secession of North Carolina? What did Gov-\\nernor Ellis ask of the General Assembly?\\n8. When did North Carolina leave the Union? What is said of the\\nState?\\n9. What had been the hope of many of our people? How was the news\\nof secession received?\\n10. What occurred on June 9th? Who succeeded Governor Ellis?\\n11. What seizures were made by North Carolina authorities?\\n12. What are the thoughts upon this period?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "204 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER XLIX.\\nTHE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES.\\nA. D, 1861.\\nNo people ever occupied a more painful or embarrassing\\nposition than the North Carolinians of 1861. They loved\\nthe Union of States that had been in part constructed by the\\nheroism and wisdom of their own fathers. They well knew\\nits value to themselves, also the danger incurred in the attempt\\nto absolve themselves from further Federal connections. But\\nthey said that, as they had entered the Union by action of\\na convention of their own people, they would now leave it in\\nthe same manner, sooner than aid in the subjugation of their\\nfriends of the seceded States.\\n2. Even before the memorable 20th day of May, 1861,\\nwhen the secession ordinance was passed, troops were volun-\\nteering and being received by Governor Ellis from many por-\\ntions of the State. The first ten companies were embodied in\\na regiment, of which Major Daniel H. Hill was elected Colo-\\nnel by the commissioned officers. They were at once sent to\\nYorktown, in Virginia.\\n3. On June 9th, General Benjamin F. Butler, who was in\\ncommand of the United States forces at Fortress Monroe, in\\nVirginia, sent a column of troops up the Peninsula for the\\npurpose of ascertaining the possibility of reaching Richmond,\\nwhich city had recently become the Capital of the Southern\\nConfederacy. Early the next morning the Federal advance\\nbecame confused in the darkness and two of their regiments\\nfired upon each other.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES. 205\\n4. At Big Bethel, on the 10th, they found the regiment of\\nColonel Hill, supporting a battery of the Richmond Howitzers.\\nThere were also present two infantry and three cavalry com-\\npanies belonging to Virginia. This force was assailed by the\\nFederal army, but the attaek was repelled and the assailants\\nretired in disorder to Old Point Comfort. Only one Confed-\\nerate soldier was killed in the action, and that was private\\nHenry Wyatt, of Edgecombe county. He belonged to Cap-\\ntain J. L. Bridgers company, and was the first Southern soldier\\nslain in the war between the States.\\n5. The whole affair was insignificant, both as to the num-\\nbers engaged and the results achieved, but was hailed as a\\nhappy omen by the South. North Carolina, with all her\\ndeliberation in taking part in the struggle, was thus to afford\\nthe first martyr of the South, and was present with her troops\\nto arrest the first Federal invasion of Southern soil.\\n6. In the early days of July occurred a much greater and\\nmore serious conflict. This was at Manassas, or Bull Run,\\nalso in Virginia. Another Federal army, commanded by\\nGeneral Irvin McDowell, and numbering more than forty\\nthousand men, left Washington with orders to attack the Con-\\nfederates under General G. T. Beauregard (Bo reh-gard.)\\nThe Fifth, Sixth and Twenty-first Regiments of North Caro-\\nlina were the only troops of the State present, but they gal-\\nlantly aided in the Federal defeat.\\n7. Colonel Charles F. Fisher was especially valuable in the\\naid he rendered in restoring a ditched train to the track, and\\nthus making possible the approach of the re-inforcements\\nunder General E. Kirby Smith, which so speedily resulted in\\nthe flight of General McDowell s army. It is mournful to\\nadd, that, after performing this signal service, Colonel Fisher\\nwas slain in the battle.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "206 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n8. This memorable engagement proved but little except the\\ndesperate valor to be found in raw levies of troops from the\\nSouth. The generalship on both sides was feeble, and while\\nthe victory filled the whole Confederacy with the wildest exul-\\ntation, the baffled and gloomy men of the North only the\\nmore sternly resolved to effect by numbers and wealth what\\nwas wanting to crush their daring and exultant foemen.\\n9. It had been hoped by Mr. Lincoln and his advisers that\\nall Southern opposition would be overcome in ninety days, but\\nat Bull Run they were convinced that only by a great and\\nprolonged struggle were such adversaries to be subdued. The\\nshort periods of enlistment were abandoned by both sides, and\\nthe winter was spent in preparation for a gigantic struggle in\\nthe spring.\\n10. It was early seen in North Carolina that fortifications\\nwere necessary at Hatteras for the defence of the many broad\\nwaters covering so large a portion of the Eastern counties. A\\nsmall sand-work, known as Fort Hatteras, with an outlying\\nflank defence, called Battery Clark, was the only reliance for\\nthe protection of Albemarle and Pamlico (Pam li-co) Sounds.\\n11. Before these weak defences a large Federal fleet\\nappeared on August 27th, 1861, and by means of its superior\\narmament, lay securely beyond the range of the guns mounted\\nin Fort Hatteras, while pouring in a tremendous discharge of\\nshot and shell. The Federals, having effected a landing on\\nthe beach, and most of the cannon being dismounted in the\\nfort, it was thought best by Colonel W. F. Martin, on the\\n29th, to surrender the fort.\\n12. Therefore, in two days operations the whole tier of\\nEastern counties was laid bare to the incursions of Federal\\ntroops and cruisers. There was great sorrow for the captured", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "WAR BETWEEN THE STATES. 207\\ngarrison, and general alarm and uneasiness; but the spirit of\\nresistance was undaunted, and troops continued volunteering\\nby thousands to defend the cause which North Carolina had\\nmade her own.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is the subject of this lesson? How did the North Carolinians\\nconsider their departure from the Union?\\n2. What preparations for war were made by the State, even before seces-\\nsion Who commanded the First Regiment?\\n3. Relate General Butler s exploit.\\n4. Give an account of the battle of Big Bethel. What Confederate\\nsoldier was slain?\\n5. What is said of this event?\\n6. Where were North Carolina troops next engaged in battle?\\n7. What signal aid was rendered by Colonel Charles F. Fisher?\\n8. What were the effects of this victory?\\n9. What did Mr. Lincoln learn from these battles?\\n10. At what point on the North Carolina coast were fortifications spe\\ncially needed?\\n11. Describe the Federal attack on Fort Hatteras. Point out Hatteras\\non the map.\\n12. What was the result of the fall of Hatteras?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "208 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER L.\\nTHE COMBAT DEEPENS.\\nA, D. 1862.\\n1862. The most noted trait in the people of North Caro-\\nlina has ever been their magnanimous devotion to obligations\\nassumed in regard to other communities. In the war of the\\nfirst Revolution, as again in 1812, the State was nearly always\\nleft with a small proportion of her own levies to defend the\\nhome of their birth. When the spring opened in 1862,\\nthough fully forty thousand men of the State were under\\narms, they were to be found in Virginia and South Carolina,\\nexcept a small force left at Wilmington and Roanoke Island.\\n2. At the latter point was the only hope of defence for\\nAlbemarle Sound and the many rivers flowing therein. To\\ndefend it, General Henry A. Wise was sent with a small force\\nto be added to the Eighth and Thirty-first Regiments of\\nNorth Carolina Volunteers. He was sick, on February 7th,\\n1862, when General Burnside, with a great fleet and fifteen\\nthousand Federal troops, sailed up Croatan Sound and began\\nthe attack.\\n3. Colonel Henry M. Shaw, of the Eighth North Carolina\\nRegiment, was in command, and made a gallant but unavailing\\ndefence. The Federals landed and moved up the island in\\nthe rear of the forts which had been constructed to prevent\\nthe passage of vessels to the west of the defences. The only\\nrecourse left was to abandon the lower batteries and concen-\\ntrate the Southern troops at a point near the centre of Roan-\\noke Island.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "THE COMBAT DEEPENS. 209\\n4. It was hoped that morasses, indenting both shores and\\nleaving a narrow isthmus, would enable the small Confederate\\nforce to defend that position but the bravery and enterprise\\nof the men in blue enabled them to turn both Hanks, and\\nnothing was left Colonel Shaw and his command but to fall\\nback to the northern end of the island and there lay down\\ntheir arms.\\n5. The battle had been bravely fought for two days, and\\nthe two thousand Confederate prisoners and their gallant\\nleader became captives after inflicting heavy loss upon the\\nassailants. The place was untenable against superior naval\\nappliances, and quite men enough were sacrificed in view of\\nthe impossibility of preventing its isolation by Federal fleets.\\n6. Very different were the defensive capacities of the city\\nof New Bern. It was immediately foreseen that this impor-\\ntant place would be next assailed, and with enough troops it\\nwould have been any easy feat to have held it indefinitely.\\nThe Confederate authorities again left its defence to General\\nL. O B. Branch, who had no experience in military affairs;\\nand in his command was not a single regiment that had been\\nunder fire. On March 14th, General Burnside, with the\\narmy and fleet so lately the victors at Roanoke, moved to\\nattack the forts which had been constructed just below the\\njunction of Neuse and Trent Rivers.\\n7. General Branch had in his command the Seventh,\\nTwenty-sixth, Twenty-seventh^ Thirty-third and Thirty-fifth\\nNorth Carolina Regiments, a portion of the Nineteenth (cav-\\nalry) with Brem s and Latham s light batteries and a small\\nforce of militia. These were disposed along a line stretching\\nfrom Fort Thompson, on Neuse River, across the railroad to\\n27", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "210 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nan impassable swamp, which afforded abundant protection to\\nhis left flank.\\n8. The battle began at seven o clock in the morning and\\nraged until noon. The Federal attacks were repeatedly\\nrepelled until, by the fatal flight of the militia in the centre,\\nthe Confederate lines were broken and a precipitate retreat\\nensued. General Branch lost two hundred prisoners and\\nseventy men killed and wounded; and, besides these, all his\\nguns and stores. He had been beaten in this, his first battle,\\nbut he was soon to wipe out all imputations by his bravery\\nand success in subsequent actions. He met, in a few days at\\nKinston, re-inforcements that would have enabled him to hold\\nhis ground at New Bern but, alas, like many other earthly\\nsuccors, they came too late for real benefit.\\n9. The fall of New Bern sealed the fate of the Confed-\\nerate forces at Fort Macon. Colonel M. I. White, with five\\ncompanies of the Tenth Regiment (artillery) endured the\\nFederal bombardment until the work was in danger of being\\nblown up. He surrendered the fort on April 26th, 1862.\\nThese disasters at home were disheartening in the extreme,\\nbut the only visible effect upon the people at large was to\\nincrease the numbers of those who were still volunteering by\\nthousands to defend North Carolina and the Confederate\\nStates.\\n10. At Williamsburg, in Virginia, occurred the first memor-\\nable conflict of the year between the two great armies strug-\\ngling on the soil of the Old Dominion. In this conflict the\\ncharge of the Fifth North Carolina Regiment, under Colonel\\nD. K. MacRae, excited the admiration and sympathy of all the\\nSouth. It foreshadowed the bravery and obedience of the\\ngreat host of soldiers North Carolina had sent to the field,\\nfrom which so many were destined never to return.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "THE COMBAT DEEPENS. 211\\n11. In the bloody and glorious campaign in the Shennan-\\ndoah (Shen an-do ah) Valley, General T. J. Jackson had\\ngrown immortal before the coming of midsummer. The\\ngallantry of the Twenty-first North Carolina Regiment at\\nWinchester, like that of the Fourth at Seven Pines, was as\\nconspicuous as bloody. In this latter battle, where so many\\nother men of the State were slain, the Fourth Regiment, under\\nColonel George B. Anderson, lost four hundred and sixty-two\\nmen out of five hundred and twenty.\\n12. In the last days of June, nearly all of the North Caro-\\nlina regiments were concentrated at Richmond, under the com-\\nmand of General Robert E. Lee. In the week of battle\\nwhich ended in the overthrow of the great investing army of\\nGeneral McClellan, they lost thousands of their bravest and\\nbest. Ninety-two regiments constituted the divisions of Jack-\\nson, Longstreet, D. H. Hill and A. P. Hill. These were the\\nforces that drove the Federals to their ships; and forty -six\\nof these regiments belonged to North Carolina. It may be\\nsafely asserted that more than half the men actively engaged\\nand disabled during that terrible week, were citizens of this\\nsame ancient and devoted Commonwealth.*\\n*My authority for the foregoing statement as to the forces engaged in\\nthe seven days of battle before Richmond, is the speech of Governor\\nVance, delivered at White Sulphur Springs. He there made the same\\nstatement, which has never been called into question.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is said of North Carolina s forces in the wars?\\n2. What force was sent to defend Albemarle Sound\\n3. Can you tell of Burnside s attack\\n4. What was the conclusion of the engagement?\\n5. What is said of this battle?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "212 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n6. To what point was attention next directed? What officer was in\\ncommand? When was the Federal attack made?\\n7. What composed General Branch s command?\\n8. Describe the battle.\\n9. What is said of the fall of Newbern? What fort was next surren-\\ndered Where is Fort Macon\\n10. What is said of the gallant charge of the Fifth Regiment at Wil-\\nliamsburg?\\n11. What regiments are specially mentioned as participants at Win-\\nchester and Seven Pines?\\n12. What is said of the events at this period.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "THE WAli CONTINUES. 2\\\\\\nC H A P T E RLI.\\nTHE WAR CONTINUES.\\nA. D. 1862.\\nAmid the exultation that tilled the hearts of the people of\\nNorth Carolina for the victories around Richmond there was\\nyet grief in many families for heroes fallen in the discharge\\nof duty. Colonels Stokes, Meares, Campbell and C. C. Lee,\\nlike a great host of their compatriots, were gone to come no\\nmore. It seemed that the superior numbers and resources of\\nthe United States forces were to prove powerless before the\\nfiery onsets of the Confederate troops.\\n2. In the month of August, 1862, Zebulon B. Vance, of\\nBuncombe, then Colonel of the Twenty-sixth regiment, was\\nchosen Governor of North Carolina over William Johnston,\\nof Charlotte, who had been of late Commissary General of the\\nState. By an ordinance of the Convention, Colonel Vance\\nentered upon his duties as Chief Magistrate on September 8th,\\n1862. He was to evince great zeal in the discharge of his\\nofficial duties.\\n3. The Convention which passed the Ordinance of Secession\\nwas presided over by the venerable Weldon N. Edwards, of\\nWarren. This body continued its sessions for a long time\\nafter the necessity for its presence had passed. They had\\nelected members of Congress and done many things beyond\\nwhat was expected of them, before they adjourned finally and\\nwent back to their private stations.\\n4. The battles fought in the first Maryland campaign\\nresulted in great losses among the North Carolina regiments.\\nGenerals Branch and Anderson both lost their lives at Sharps-", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "214 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nburg and left grief in many hearts for their untimely end.\\nColonel C. C. Tew also fell in the same great battle, and\\nincreased the grief of his people at the loss by the mystery of\\nhis fate. He disappeared amid the storm of conflict, but\\nexactly how and when, was never known.\\n5. In North Carolina there had been comparative quiet\\nthrough the spring and summer months. Federal garrisons\\nat Plymouth and New Bern were observed by small bodies of\\nConfederates, but no fighting occurred except in Plymouth,\\nwhich town was taken and held for a few hours by Colonel\\nMartin, with the Seventeenth Regiment, and then abandoned\\nbecause of the Federal gun-boats.\\n6. On Blackwater River, just below Franklin, in Virginia,\\nthere was a gallant conflict of a few cavalrymen under Lieu-\\ntenant Thomas Ruffin, of the Fourth Cavalry, and a Federal\\ndouble-ender. The invaders were all driven from deck and\\nthe ship lay at the mercy of the assailants until her consorts\\ncame up the stream from below and shelled the victors from\\ntheir prey.\\n7. Simultaneously with the attack of General Burnside upon\\nthe army of General Lee at Fredericksburg, on December\\n13th, 1862, the South Carolina brigade of General Evans,\\nthen stationed at Kinston, North Carolina, was surprised to\\nsee a few mounted Federal soldiers make an attack upon the\\nposition then held by them. The Federals were driven back\\nand pursued in the direction of New Bern. Suddenly the\\nSouth Carolinians found themselves confronted by more than\\ntwenty thousand foes.\\n8. In the speedy retreat that ensued, General Evans was\\nunable to burn the bridge across the river, and effected his\\nescape with some loss. He was, the next day, re-inforced and", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "THE WAR CONTINUES. 2\\\\ 5\\nawaited General Foster s approach on the road leading; to\\nGoldsboro. But the Federals were seeking to intervene\\nbetween that place and the one occupied by Evans. All of\\nTuesday morning (December 16th) the masses of the Union\\ntroops were seeking to cross Neuse River at White Hall, but\\nthey were bravely met there by General Beverly H. Robin-\\nson, who, with the Eleventh, Thirty-first, Fifty-ninth and\\nSixty-third Regiments and Battery B, Third North Carolina\\nBattalion, withstood all their attacks and inflicted severe loss\\nupon the baffled invaders. The contest lasted for eight hours,\\nand consisted of General Foster s efforts to drive off the Con-\\nfederates so that pontoons could be laid for a bridge across the\\nstream in place of the one burned the night before.\\n9. Failing to cross Neuse River at White Hall, General\\nFoster marched in the evening for Goldsboro, and, having\\nreached the bridge of the Wilmington Weldon Railroad,\\nsucceeded in burning it, in spite of the gallant efforts of Gen-\\neral Clingman and his brigade to prevent such a purpose.\\nPerhaps no military strategy was ever feebler than that seen\\nin the affair here referred to. Thousands of Confederate\\ntroops were left idle in Goldsboro, two miles away, and Gen-\\neral Evans had only Clingman s Brigade and a portion of his\\nown to confront the invaders.\\n10. General Foster retired in great precipitation to New\\nBern, and the burned bridge was his only trophy in an expe-\\ndition which seemed so threatening at its inception.\\n11. The year closed with many things to disturb the out-\\nlook of those who were struggling for the Southern cause in\\nNorth Carolina. General Lee had won a great name in Vir-\\nginia, and the army he commanded had become immortal for\\nits valor; but his victories were not followed by such advan-", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "216 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ntages as could have been expected, and in North Carolina such\\nlodgments had been made that little hope remained of expell-\\ning the Federal forces.\\n12. These countrymen and former friends were in a des-\\nperate struggle for victory in their opposing schemes. The\\nUnited States government protested that it was not waging\\na war to interfere with slavery or any other institutions of the\\nStates, but that its only aim was to restore the Union.\\nAlas, how much blood and tears were to be expended before\\nthe carnival of death should reach a conclusion\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was the feeling concerning the victories around Richmond?\\n2. Who was chosen Governor in 1862?\\n3. What was some of the work of the Convention of 1861\\n4. What losses had North Carolina sustained in the battle of Sharps-\\nburg\\n5. What was the state of affairs in North Carolina during the spring\\nand summer of 1862?\\nDescribe the engagement on Blackwater River?\\n7. Can you tell of the surprise at Kinston\\n8. What was the further result of this affair?\\ni). What is said of the conclusion of this matter\\n10. Where did General Foster go\\n11. What is said of the events of this year\\n12. What did the United States government say was its object in the\\nwar?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "WAR AND ITS HORRORS. 217\\nCHAPTER L 1 1\\nWAR AND ITS HORRORS.\\nA. D, 1863.\\n1863. When the year 1863 had come upon the American\\nStates in their bloody and wasting quarrel, there was nothing\\nto indicate any solution of the great controversy. Many\\nbloody battles had been fought, thousands of homes were\\nsaddened in the loss of brave and true men, and yet both\\nsides were as intent as ever upon carrying on indefinitely the\\nterrible and costly struggle. A government that had been\\nformed by the voluntary agreement of the States had thus\\nbecome a bone of contention between the hostile sections.\\n2. Mr. Lincoln, and the government at Washington, said\\nthere should be no peace until the seceded States returned to\\ntheir allegiance. Mr. Davis, and the government at Rich-\\nmond, said, on the other hand, that the Confederate States\\nwere, of right, free and independent Commonwealths that had\\nrightfully resumed their delegated powers, and no further con-\\nnection would be had with the States from which they had\\nwithdrawn.\\n3. It was hoped that England and France would recognize\\nthe independence of the Confederate States; but beyond\\nextending to the Southern government the rights of bellig-\\nerents, this trust proved utterly fallacious. Confederate agents\\nwere received and armed vessels allowed to enter their ports,\\nbut no aid was extended to the Southern cause. The arrest\\nof the Confederate Commissioners, Messrs. Mason and Slidell,\\non a British mail steamer by a United States war vessel, was\\n28", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "218 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nresented and war seemed probable; but these Southern envoys\\nwere released, and no aid came from abroad but in the ships\\nthat were bought of private persons for the purpose of cruising\\nagainst vessels belonging to citizens of the United States.\\n4. Among the earliest measures adopted by the Federal\\ngovernment was the blockade of Southern sea-ports. Wil-\\nmington, Charleston, Savannah, Mobile and Galveston were\\nall watched by armed ships that sought to exclude the vessels\\nof all countries from entering these harbors. Cruisers swarmed\\nalong the whole Southern coast, and it became a matter of\\ngreat peril and difficulty to send out and get any commodity\\nby way of the ocean.\\n5. This soon led to a scarcity of salt, sugar, coffee, molasses\\nand everything which had been formerly imported from\\nEurope or bought of Northern merchants. Prices continually\\nadvanced as such things become more scarce in the South.\\nWilmington is so situated that an effective blockade there\\nwas almost impossible. There were two inlets, arid, there-\\nfore, two blockade fleets were necessary, and even with this\\nadded difficulty, the blockading squadron could not prevent,\\non dark nights, the passage of swift steamers that swept in\\nand out of the Cape Fear River and brought from Nassau and\\nBermuda what was most needed for the armies and people.\\n6. Soon after his inauguration, Governor Vance, at General\\nMartin s suggestion, sent Colonel Thomas M. Crossan to\\nEngland for the purpose of procuring a ship to supply the\\nwants of North Carolina. Crossan had been a naval officer\\nin the service of the United States, and had judgment enough\\nin such matters to select one of the swiftest ships in the\\nworld. It was called the Lord Clyde abroad, but that name\\nwas changed to Ad- Vance, and the vessel made many successful\\nvoyages before she was captured.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "WAR AND ITS HORRORS. 219\\n7. In this way much of the arms and clothing was pro-\\ncured for North Carolina troops, and, besides this, cotton and\\nwoolen cards and many other necessities were brought in and\\ndistributed to the different sections of the State. Salt was\\nthe most important of all the domestic supplies excluded by\\nthe blockade. To procure this indispensable article, private\\nfactories on the sea-coast were supplemented by others under\\nState management; but these proved insufficient to meet popu-\\nlar wants, and arrangements were made to procure additional\\nsupplies from the salt w T ells of south-western Virginia.\\n8. It was early foreseen that in so great a struggle enorm-\\nous expenditures would become necessary; and, to meet such\\nliabilities, it would be necessary for the Confederacy and the\\nindividual States to use their credit in procuring supplies on\\nthe faith of future payments. Many millions of dollars\\nwere to be expended and only Confederate and State obliga-\\ntions would be available to meet such purchases.\\n9. Unhappily the great supply of cotton then in the South\\nwas overlooked by the authorities, and thus a solid basis of\\ncredit was lost. Had all the cotton been seized by the gov-\\nernment perhaps the depreciation of its funds would have\\nbeen averted. As it was, in 1863 both Confederate and State\\nmoney began to depreciate in value, and this declension once\\nhaving begun, had no arrest in its downward tendency.\\n10. Almost all the white men of North Carolina were in\\nthe ranks of the different regiments and battalions mustered\\ninto the Confederate service. Their families were largely\\ndependent upon the pay they received as soldiers. When the\\nConfederate money became worthless want and suffering\\nappeared in every section, and unhappy wives were clamor-\\nous for their husbands return to avert starvation at home.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "220 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n11. This was the rock upon which Southern hopes were to\\nbe wrecked. The suffering families were ever in the minds\\nof the dauntless men who were away facing the enemy. A\\ndirer foe was thinning the blood and blanching the cheeks of\\nwife and child. Therefore, many a hero turned his back on\\nthe scenes of his glory and incurred personal ignominy, and\\nsometimes the punishment of death, for desertion.\\n12. The case of Edward Cooper was in point. He was\\ntried by court-martial for desertion. He declined the aid of\\na lawyer to defend him, and, as his only defence, handed the\\npresiding judge of the court the following letter which he had\\nreceived from his wife:\\nMy Dear Edward: I have always been proud of you, and since your\\nconnection with the Confederate army I have been prouder of you than\\never before. I would not have you do anything wrong for the world, but\\nbefore God, Edward, unless you come home, we must die. Last night I\\nwas aroused by little Eddie s crying. I called and said, What is the\\nmatter, Eddie? And he said, O mama, I am so hungry. And Lucy,\\nEdward, your darling Lucy, she never complains, but she is growing thin-\\nner and thinner every day. And before God, Edward, unless you come\\nhome,, we must die. Your Mary.\\n13. General Cullen Battle, and his associate members of\\nthe court, were melted to tears. Although the prisoner had\\nvoluntarily returned to his command, they found him guilty\\nand sentenced him to death, but recommended mercy. Gen-\\neral Lee, in reviewing the case, approved the finding but par-\\ndoned the unhappy artilleryman, who was afterwards seen by\\nGeneral Battle, standing pale and bloody, as he fired his last\\nround into the retreating Federals. He then fell dead on his\\npost in battle.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was the condition of the war in 1863?\\n2. What positions were taken by Presidents Lincoln and Davis?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "WAR AND ITS HORRORS. 221\\n3. From what countries had the South expected aid What is said of\\nMason and Slideil?\\n4. What Southern cities were blockaded? What was the effect of this\\nblockade?\\n5. What is said of the port of Wilmington?\\n6. How did Governor Vance supply the wants of the people? What\\nis said of the Ad-Vance?\\n7. What supplies were brought in by the Ad-Vance f How was salt\\nobtained?\\n8. How did the Confederate government propose to obtain funds for\\ncarrying on the war?\\n9. What was the cause of the great depreciation in the value of money\\n10. How were the soldiers families suffering?\\n11. What is said of the terrible struggle of the women and children\\n12. Can you mention the case of Edward Cooper?\\n13. What was the verdict of the court-marshal? What was the ending\\nof this sad case?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "222 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER LIII.\\nTHE DEATH-WOUND AT GETTYSBURG.\\nA. D. 1863.\\nIn spite of the great Federal successes in acquiring terri-\\ntory in North Carolina, Louisiana, Mississippi and elsewhere,\\nand, notwithstanding the increasing hardships detailed in the\\npreceding chapter, the government and people of the Confed-\\nerate States were still undismayed and hopeful when the spring\\nof 1863 permitted the vast armies of the United States to\\nresume active military operations. No thought of submission\\nwas entertained by the Confederate soldiers, and, among the\\npeople at home only in rare instances were individuals to be\\nfound who expressed hopelessness as to the result of the war.\\n2. In North Carolina a period of inactivity succeeded the\\nraid by General Foster, which was only broken by the unsuc-\\ncessful attack on the town of Washington. General W. H.\\nC. Whiting, who had made reputation as a division com-\\nmander in the Army of Northern Virginia, was sent to assume\\ncharge of the Department of Cape Fear, with his headquarters\\nin Wilmington. This city had been fearfully ravaged by yel-\\nlow fever in the fall of 1862, and had now become all-impor-\\ntant to the Confederacy as a port. Other Southern sea-ports\\nwere almost totally closed by blockade, and only to the Cape\\nFear was there left a hope of success.\\n3. Generals Braxton Bragg, D. H. Hill, Leonidas Polk, and\\nBenjamin McCulloh, had all risen to prominent commands,\\nand conferred honor by their connection with the Old North\\nState. Among the younger officers, Generals Pender, Gaston", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "THE DEATH-WOUND AT GETTYSBURG. 223\\nLewis, Hoke, Pettigrew and Ramseur, had all won distin-\\nguished notice and promotion for gallant and meritorious\\nservice.\\n4. Many thousands had been enrolled in the sixty-six regi-\\nments and ten battalions of North Carolina mustered in the\\nConfederate service, and, though mourning was in many house-\\nholds, recruits were constantly going to fill the gaps occasioned\\nby deaths on the field and in the hospitals. Dr. Charles E.\\nJohnson had been succeeded as Surgeon General of the State,\\nby Dr. Edward Warren. Drs. E. Burke Haywood, Peter E.\\nHines, W. C. Warren, and others of the leading physicians,\\nwere placed in charge of great hospitals at Raleigh and other\\ncities in the State. North Carolina sustained a similar insti-\\ntution at Petersburg, in Virginia. Of the latter, the excellent\\nlady, Miss Mary Pettigrew, a sister of the general of the\\nsame name, became matron and, like another Florence Night-\\ningale, cheered the sick and dying with her elegant presence.\\n5. General Burnside lost his place by his disaster at Fred-\\nericksburg, and was followed in command of the Army of the\\nPotomac, by General Joseph Hooker. This gallant com-\\nmander was as signally beaten at Chancellorsville, on May 2d\\nand 3d. No battle of any age conferred greater honor upon\\nthe victors; but in the loss of Stonewall Jackson the South\\nwas deprived of a leader whose place could not be supplied.\\nNorth Carolina was never more gloriously vindicated than on\\nthis famous field, and ex-Governor Graham, who was then in\\nRichmond, said, a few days afterwards, in the Confederate\\nStates Senate, that half the men killed and wounded at Chan-\\ncellorsville belonged to North Carolina regiments.\\n6. So astonishing was the result of this battle, and so crush-\\ning its effects upon the Federal authorities, that General Lee", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "224 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nagain resolved upon an invasion of the North. At Gettys-\\nburg, in the first three days of July, 1863, he realized how\\nfatally he had been mistaken in such a movement. On the\\nlast dread day, the 3d of July, he discovered that even his\\nincomparable infantry could not accomplish everything he\\ndesired.\\n7. In the vast numbers engaged, and the great intervals\\nfilled by his command, there was no such unity of movement\\nbetween his different corps as was necessary to meet the great\\nadvantages of position enjoyed by the greatly superior Federal\\nforce under General Meade and thus the deadly assault failed,\\nand half of the Confederates were lost in the battle.\\n8. Thirty thousand of the bravest and best, who had so\\nlong made the Army of Northern Virginia unconquerable,\\nwere lost to our cause forever. Among the North Carolinians,\\nGenerals Pender and Pettigrew, Colonels Burgwinn, Marshall,\\nand Isaac E. Avery, were slain, and a host of subalterns like-\\nwise perished. It was the turning point in the war, and from\\nthis bloody field of Gettysburg the star of Southern fortunes\\ngradually paled into the final disaster of Appomattox.\\n9. Many gallant struggles were yet to be made. On dif-\\nferent fields the great forces of the Union were to be bravely\\nrepelled, but the ranks of General Lee s army were so much\\nthinned that it became daily more impossible to confront the\\nincreasing horde that gathered against it from all civilized\\nnations. The great disaster at Vicksburg, occurring on the\\nsame day as the defeat at Gettysburg, at last gave token that\\nin Southern exhaustion would, ere long, come an end of blood-\\nshed.\\n10. Governor Vance, and his people of North Carolina,\\nsorrowfully surveyed the situation in the fall of 1863. He,", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "THE DEATH-WOUND AT GETTYSBURG. 225\\nand a majority of his State, had been slow to assume a position\\nof opposition to the Federal government but they were\\nentirely devoted to the cause which they had espoused, and,\\nwith sympathizing hearts, addressed themselves to the task of\\nrecruiting the shattered ranks of the regiments with General\\nLee.\\n11. During the month of June, Colonel Spear s cavalry raid\\nin Hertford and Northampton counties was driven back by\\nGeneral M. W. Ransom, and, beyond this, there were no\\nmovements of a hostile character in the State limits during\\nthe year.\\n12. In the steady depreciation of Confederate and State\\nmoney was the greatest calamity of all. The cry of distress\\nfrom famishing women and children was increasing in volume,\\nand the State and county authorities were finding it more and\\nmore impossible to meet, by public charity, the pressing wants\\nof the people.\\nNote. The financial system of the Confederate government was singu-\\nlarly simple. It consisted chiefly in the issue of treasury notes enough to\\nmeet all the expenses of the government, and, in the present advanced state\\nof the art of printing, there was one difficulty incident to this process,\\nnamely: the impossibility of having the notes signed in the Treasury\\nDepartment as fast as they were needed. There happened, however, to be\\nseveral thousand young ladies in Richmond willing to accept light and\\nremunerative employment at their homes, and as it was really a matter of\\nsmall moment whose names the notes bore, they were given out in sheets\\nto these young ladies who signed and returned them for a consideration.\\nThe pay of Confederate soldiers in the ranks was $15 and $17 per\\nmonth, in Confederate money. During the latter days of the war, flour\\nsold for $800 per barrel; meat $3 per pound; chickens $15 each; shoes\\n(brogans) $300 per pair; coffee $50 per pound; tallow candles $15 per\\npound. It may be easily imagined how great was the suffering in the\\nSouth when remembered that numbers of soldiers wives were almost\\nentirely dependent upon the pay of their husbands for support.\\n29", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "226 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. In what condition was the South in 1863\\n2. How was the port of Wilmington specially important to the Con-\\nfederacy? Who was in command at this place?\\n3. What North Carolinians are mentioned as having risen to promi-\\nnence\\n4. How many regiments had the State furnished to this time? What\\ndoctors had charge of the hospitals? What noble woman is mentioned,\\nand what is said of her?\\n5. What fierce battle was fought on May 2d and 3d? What did Gov-\\nernor Graham say of the North Carolina troops at Chancellorsville\\n6. Upon what did General Lee resolve after the victory Can you\\ntell something of the battle of Gettysburg\\n7. What was the terrible result of this battle\\n8. How many Southern soldiers were lost on this occasion What\\nNorth Carolinians are named among the slain What was the effect of\\nthis battle upon the South\\n0. What is said of Lee s army\\n10. How did Governor Vance and his people view the situation\\n11. What raid was driven back by Genaral Ransom?\\n12. What was the condition of the people at this period", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "GENERAL GRANT AND HIS CAMPAIGN. 227\\nCHAPTER LIV.\\nGENERAL GRANT AND HIS CAMPAIGN.\\nA. D. 1864.\\n1864. The fourth year of the great war opened on\\nNorth Carolina with grief in almost every family; still,\\nwith diminished hopes and increased exertions for the\\ngeneral defence, they looked forward to a campaign which\\nthey well understood was to be decisive in their fortunes.\\nPerhaps, not even General Washington was so trusted and\\nbeloved by the American people in the Revolution, as was\\nGeneral Robert E. Lee by those of the South in the closing\\nyears of the struggle.\\n2. In his genius and capacity they felt sure they had the\\nvery highest human leadership, and in his splendid career\\nand spotless renown they all took pride as conferring reflected\\ncredit upon themselves. So noble, unselfish and wise; he had\\nbecome the idol of his own people and the admiration of his\\nfoes. At the outbreak of the war he had declined the com-\\nmand of the Federal armies, because he believed it was his\\nduty to defend his own people, and the sublimity of his\\nsacrifice may be understood when it is well known now that\\nto his intimate friends he expressed his conviction in the\\nbeginning of the struggle, that it would be impossible for\\nthe South to withstand for any considerable time the superior\\nnumbers and resources of the United States.\\n3. Ex-Governor Thomas Bragg had been for some time in\\nthe cabinet of President Davis, as Attorney-General. For\\nsome cause he resigned the position and was no more in pub-", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "228 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nlie life. Since 1854, when he had left the Bar to become the\\nGovernor of North Carolina, he had been continually grow-\\ning in the public favor, and now returned to the leadership\\nof his profession. No lawyer in our annals has been more\\nrespected or successful. In the Confederate States Senate the\\npolished and eloquent George Davis, of Wilmington, and\\nW. W. Avery, of Burke, had served, until the latter, was\\nsucceeded, in 1862, by W. T. Dortch, of Wayne; and, a\\nyear later, Mr. Davis was followed by ex-Governor Graham.\\n4. Governor Vance had appointed Lieutenant-Colonel D.\\nG. Fowle, late of the Thirty-second North Carolina Infantry,\\nAdjutant-General to succeed General Gatlin, and, in the\\nsuperior clothing and equipments of the North Carolina\\ntroops were the wisdom and activity of the State government\\nmanifested. Not only were the necessities of our own\\nsoldiers supplied, but large aid was extended to the Confed-\\nerate government in this respect.\\n5. In the midst of the great struggle there was, of course,\\na great dimunition of attention to matters of education.\\nGovernor Swain, with a remnant of the former faculty, re-\\nmained at Chapel Hill, where a few boys, too young for service,\\nyet retained the name and semblance of the University. The\\nsectarian colleges, male and female, were nearly all closed,\\nand even in the common schools there was small interest\\nmanifested amid the blood and excitement of the time.\\n6. Many of the ablest ministers of the gospel left their\\nchurches and were faithful chaplains in the army. Great\\nreligious interest w r as awakened by them among the men who\\nwere so bravely battling in Virginia, and many thousands\\nwere converted and added to the churches during the revivals\\nin the camps.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0248.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "GENERAL GRANT AN]) HIS CAMPAIGN. 229\\n7. The capture of Plymouth, in Washington county, on\\nApril 20th, 1864, was one of the most brilliant and success-\\nful affairs of the war. The youthful and gallant Brigadier-\\nGeneral R. F. Hoke was sent by General Lee in command\\nof a division, with which he surrounded the strong fortifica-\\ntions and took them by assault, capturing more than three\\nthousand prisoners. The help of the iron-clad Albermarle\\nwas very efficacious on this occasion, and her combat at the\\nmouth of Roanoke River, a few days later, was one of the\\nmost stubborn naval engagements on record. Single-handed,\\nCaptain Cook fought and defeated a strong fleet of double-\\nenders and drove them routed from the scene. This expedi-\\ntion of General Hoke secured his promotion, and was in\\nmarked contrast with that of General Pickett against New\\nBern a few weeks before; the only incident of which,\\ncreditable to the Confederates, was General Martin s well-\\nfought battle at Shepardville.\\n8. When the spring opened, tidings came from the Wilder-\\nness of fresh battles in that region which had been made\\nfamous the year before. General U. S. Grant had been made\\ncommander-in-chief of all the Federal armies, and had come\\nto assume the direction of affairs in Virginia. With the vast\\nnumbers at his command, he resolved upon such strategy as\\nfell with fearful results upon his army, but it weakened\\nthe reduced ranks of the Confederates at the same time.\\nAlthough he lost more men in his march from the Rapidan\\nto the James River than General Lee had confronting him,\\nstill, fresh thousands poured in to fill the places of those who\\nhad fallen at the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor and\\nthe minor combats.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0249.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "230 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n9. In this fearful campaign, which was not ended even\\nwhen General Grant began the siege of Petersburg, the North\\nCarolina regiments were fearfully reduced. Generals Ram-\\nseur, Daniel and Godwin, together with Colonels Andrews,\\nGarrett, Brabble, Wood, Spear, Black nail, C. M. Avery,\\nJones, Barbour and Moore were among those who had sealed\\ntheir faith with their blood.\\n10. No battle of the war was more brilliant in its particu-\\nlars and results than that of Reams Station, fought on Au-\\ngust 24th, 1864. General W. S. Hancock, of the Federal\\narmy, had seized and fortified a position from which General\\nLee ordered Lieutenant-General A. P. Hill to dislodge him.\\nSo stern was Hancock s resistance that two bloody assaults\\nhad been repelled, when the privates of Cooke s, MacRae s\\nand Lane s North Carolina brigades demanded to be again\\nled to the attack. Their officers complied and, with seven-\\nteen hundred and fifty muskets in the charge, they took the\\nworks and captured twenty-one hundred prisoners and thir-\\nteen pieces of artillery.\\n11. The siege of Petersburg went on, and the sad news of\\nGeneral Early s defeats in the valley came ever and anon to\\nadd fresh sorrow and despair to the South; but with a blind\\nand desperate disregard of the situation, no hand was lifted to\\nstay the slaughter or make terms amid so many combatants.\\nPresident Davis said that he would make no overtures be-\\ncause the government of the United States took no recogni-\\ntion of him; and General Lee did not because it was neither\\nproper nor possible in him; and so, amid the widening ruin,\\nthe South waded still deeper into the crimson flood.\\n12. And thus it is with every human quarrel. Pride,\\nhatred and vanity are all enlisted to prevent the concessions", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0250.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "GENEKAL GRANT AND HIS CAMPAIGN. 231\\nthat lead to peace, and often, when both sides are eager to\\nrest, the tide of death and destruction still rolls on.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What year of the war have we now readied What is said of\\nNorth Carolina s hopes?\\n2. What tribute is paid to General Robert E. Lee\\n3. What is said of ex-Governor Bragg? What changes were made in\\nthe Confederate States Senate\\n4. Who was appointed Adjutant-General of North Carolina? In\\nwhat efficient manner did the government of North Carolina serve the\\npeople\\n5. What is said of educational matters at this period\\n6. How were the ministers of the gospel faithfully performing their\\nduty?\\n7. Can you describe the capture of Plymouth by General R. F. Hoke s\\ncommand\\n8. Where was the principal fighting in the spring of 1864 What\\nis said of Grant s campaign\\n9. What losses had North Carolina sustained in this campaign?\\n10. Describe the battle of Reams Station What North Carolina\\ntroops captured General Hancock s position\\n11. What was the general condition of the war\\n12. What is said of these things?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0251.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "232 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER LV.\\nNORTH CAROLINA AND PEACE- MAKING.\\nA. D, 1864 TO 1865.\\nIn his first election as Governor of North Carolina, the suc-\\ncess of Colonel Vance had been considered a triumph of those\\nwho were known as Union men in the State during the ear-\\nlier portions of the year 1861. In his course as Chief Mag-\\nistrate such strenuous support was given to the Confederate\\nStates that when his term of service approached conclusion,\\nand a new election was to be held, a few men who had been\\nhis warmest friends two years before were found opposing his\\ncontinuance as Governor.\\n2. These comprised a small fragment of the people, and\\nWilliam W. Holden, of Wake, was their candidate. He was\\nthe editor of the Standard, a newspaper that had, in years\\npast, been extreme in Southern proclivities, but of late Mr.\\nHolden had advocated North Carolina s withdrawal from the\\nConfederacy and the making of separate terms with the powers\\nat Washington.\\n3. Governor Vance and most of the people, both in and\\nout of the army, opposed this project as dishonorable and un-\\njust to their compatriots of other States. They held that\\nNorth Carolina s fortunes were identified with those of other\\nSouthern communities and that she must share their fate,\\nwhatever that might be.\\n4. The persistence of President Davis, at Richmond, in\\nrefusing to make any overtures to Mr. Lincoln in order to\\nbreak the force of the coming overthrow, led to secret propo-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0252.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "NORTH CAROLINA AND PEACE-MAKING. 233\\nsitions from certain members of the Confederate Congress\\nfrom other States, in which they besought ex-Governor Gra-\\nham to approach Governor Vance on this subject. Governor\\nVance refused to take any part in such a scheme. He was\\nre-elected by an overwhelming majority, after a thorough ex-\\nposition of his views by many addresses both to the people at\\nhome and the North Carolina soldiers in their camps.\\n5. As General Grant, day by day massed fresh thousands\\nof troops before Petersburg, and the Confederate resistance\\n\u00c2\u00a3rew more feeble in the Shenandoah Valley, the conference\\nwhich took place at Old Point Comfort was arranged to no\\npurpose. After a mighty struggle, the South, in utter exhaus-\\ntion, was soon to lay down the arms that had been so bravely\\nwielded, but no wise and timely arrangement of the difficulty\\nwas made; and probably it was impossible.\\n6. The importance of Wilmington to the waning fortunes\\nof the Confederacy had long been evident in the closing of\\nother sea-ports by blockade. General Whiting was an able\\nand experienced engineer, and his main defence, Fort Fisher,\\non New Inlet, was pronounced by General Beauregard as\\nalmost impregnable. Forts Caswell and Holmes, at the mouth\\nof Cape Fear River, and the numerous works fringing both\\nbanks of the stream from Wilmington to the ocean, had\\napparently rendered hostile approach from that direction a\\nthing almost impossible to any naval expedition.\\n7. On December 25th, the same General Butler who had\\nbeen at the capture of Fort Hatteras in 1861, came with an\\narmy which was borne in a great fleet, commanded by Admiral\\nD. D. Porter. This vast armada, carrying six hundred of the\\nheaviest cannon modern science has been able to construct,\\nopened fire upon Fort Fisher.\\n8. The fort was re-inforced by a few companies from other", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0253.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "234 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nportions of General Whiting s command, and later, the divis-\\nion of General Hoke arrived from Petersburg and took posi-\\ntion in the intrenched camp at Sugar Loaf, four miles distant\\nup the river. General Braxton Bragg had been for some time\\nin command of the department and was present on this occa-\\nsion.\\n9. All day, on that Christmas Sabbath, a fiery storm of\\nshot and shell was rained upon the fort, which answered\\nslowly and deliberately from its different batteries. In the\\nmidst of the bombardment, General Butler landed his army\\non the peninsular above the land-face of the work, but upon\\ninspection of its strength, he grew hopeless of his undertaking,\\nand, on the night of December 26th, having re-embarked his\\nforce, the fleet returned to Beaufort.\\n1865. 10. There was much joy and relief in this evident\\nFederal confirmation of the reported impregnability of the\\ngreat work, and congratulations went around among the Con-\\nfederates over this defeat of the costly undertaking of the\\ninvaders. General Bragg withdrew Hoke s Division and all\\nthe force at Sugar Loaf, except Adam s light battery and the\\ncavalry, with the intention of attacking the garrison of New\\nBern.\\n11. He was signally interrupted in this undertaking, when,\\non the night of the 12th of January, 1865, Colonel William\\nLamb telegraphed from Fort Fisher that the fleet had returned\\nand the troops were disembarking for a renewal of the attack.\\nGeneral Bragg hurried Hoke s and all other available com-\\nmands back to the rescue, but found the Federal army in\\ncomplete possession of the ground between the fort and\\nintrenched camp. Upon a reconnoissance, they were found\\ntoo strongly posted to be assailed.\\n12. The great fleet opened upon the land-face, and having", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0254.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "NORTH CAROLINA AND PEACE-MAKING. 235\\ndismounted all but one of the twenty-two heavy guns defend-\\ning that flank, on the evening of the 15th, General Terry, by\\nsio-nal, changed the fire of the fleet to the sea-face batteries.\\nThe three Federal brigades that had worked their way close\\nup, sprang forward in a charge that resulted in the capture\\nof seven traverses and four hundred prisoners. The assail-\\nants lost their three commanders and five hundred men. It\\nwas a fatal blow. The Federals could not be dislodged, and,\\nafter brave and unavailing combat within the works, Fort\\nFisher was taken; and its garrison, numbering two thousand\\nmen, became prisoners of war. General Whiting and Colonel\\nLamb were both badly wounded, and the former soon died of\\nhis injuries.\\nNote. A school-book is not a proper medium for the transmission of\\ndisputes, and the author therefore forbears criticism upon the conduct of\\nGeneral Bragg and his letter recently published in relation to the siege\\nherein outlined. That all concerned did their best is very sure, and that\\nso many of the Federal troops were slain after their entrance into the fort\\nis abundant proof of the fidelity and valor of the garrison.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. How was the first election of Governor Vance considered? What\\nis said of the approaching election\\n2. Who was Governor Vance s opponent, and what is said of him?\\n3. How did Governor Vance and his people consider these measures\\n4. What is said of affairs at Richmond\\n5. What events were transpiring\\n6. What is said of Wilmington and its defences?\\n7. What occurred on December 25th, 1864.\\n8. Describe the attack on Fort Fisher?\\n9. What was the conclusion of the attack?\\n10. How did the State receive the news of this Federal failure? What\\nforces were removed from Fort Fisher\\n11. Describe the preparations for renewal of the attack on January 12th.\\n12. Give an account of the engagement. What was the sad result", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0255.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "236 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER LVI.\\nTHE WAR DRAWS TO A CLOSE.\\nA. D. 1865,\\nWith the fall of Fort Fisher the fate of Wilmington was\\nsealed. With the Federal troops in such a position the port\\nwas most effectually closed. The last connection of the be-\\nleagured Confederacy with the outer world was thus broken,\\nand North Carolina, with beating heart, listened to the ap-\\nproaching footsteps of countless invaders. General Joseph\\nE. Johnston was selected by General Lee, who had been\\nmade Generalissimo of all the Southern armies, to command\\nin North Carolina.\\n2. General Bragg s forces having retired from Wilming-\\nton, met the corps of Major-General Schofield in an ineffec-\\ntual engagement at Kinston, on March 8th, and retired upon\\nGoldsboro. This command, with the troops lately in Char-\\nleston and Savannah, the remnant of the Array of Tennessee\\nand Hampton s Division from Virginia, soon made an army\\nof tw r enty-five thousand men, under the command of General\\nJohnston.\\n3. Against him were coming, from South Carolina, the\\ngreat army under General W. T. Sherman from Wilming-\\nton, the corps of General Terry, and from Kinston, the army\\nof General Schofield. In addition to these overwhelming\\nforces, another column was approaching from the west, under\\nGeneral Stoneman.\\n4. As this great array gathered toward Raleigh as a com-\\nmon focus, the first conflict was between the division com-\\nmanded by General Hardee and the army of General Sher-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0256.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "THE WAR DRAWS TO A CLOSE. 237\\nman at the hamlet of Averasboro. After a stubborn fight\\nHardee withdrew, and, having joined General Johnston, the\\nlatter collected fifteen thousand men at Bentonsville, in John-\\nston county, on March 19th, and awaited Sherman s approach.\\n5. General Sherman, on that day, made six successive\\nattacks upon Johnston s left, composed of Hoke s and Cheat-\\nham s divisions and the late garrisons on the Cape Fear.\\nThe Federal assaults were all repelled, and, at the order to\\nadvance, three lines of the invaders field works were carried\\nand several batteries captured. This success was not blood-\\nlessly effected, and especially in the instance of the First\\nNorth Carolina Battalion there was heavy loss in killed and\\nwounded.\\n6. General Sherman withdrew to Goldsboro to meet Scho-\\nfield and Terry, and Johnston put his men in cantonments\\naround Smithfield to await developments. With such a\\nforce it seemed impossible that he would be able to meet the\\ncombined strength of the three armies assembling at Golds-\\nboro, but the result at Bentonsville had greatly elated his\\ntroops, and they resolutely awaited General Sherman s return\\nto the shock of arms.\\n7. After so much bloodshed, God had mercifully ordained\\nthat the end of hostilities was near at hand. General Sheri-\\ndan, with heavy cavalry re-inforcements, having assailed the\\nright flank of General Lee s defences at Petersburg, after\\nhard fighting, succeeded in winning the decisive battle at Five\\nForks (March 28th, 1865). The six thousand Confederate\\nprisoners were fatal to a longer retention of the attenuated\\nlines around the city that had been so long and nobly de-\\nfended.\\n8. On the morning of the 29th, in the general assault,\\nGeneral Lee s lines were pierced in three places, General A.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0257.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "238 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nP. Hill was slain, and, only in instant retreat was even tem-\\nporary safety to be found by the doomed army of Northern\\nVirginia. After incredible hardships, having won their\\nway to Appomattox Court House, the small remnant of the\\nheroes who had for four years so dauntlessly held their\\nground against all comers were enveloped in the masses of\\npursuing hosts, and, on April 9th, at the command of their\\nbeloved leader, they then laid down their arms.\\n9. These men were not demi-gods, as was claimed by\\nHomer for those Greek warriors who battled on the plains of\\nTroy. They were only men, who, at the call of what they\\nfelt was duty, took up arms to defend their homes. For\\nyears they had seemed to reverse military maxims concerning\\nstronger battalions and superior resources. They had been\\nas unconquerable as Caesar s legions, or the Spanish infantry\\nof the sixteenth century. Like a rock in the sea, they had\\nbeen worn down by attrition, and, when driven to the wall,\\nthere was nothing left but the skeleton of an army that had\\ngrown forever immortal.\\n10. General Lee was never greater than in the hour of\\nhis fall. He had not taken a part in the struggle to gratify\\nhis ambition, for if such had been the case he would have\\nbeen found commanding the vast armies of the Union that\\nwere repeatedly offered to him in the beginning of the strug-\\ngle. He had deliberately cast his fortunes with those whom\\nhe believed would be unable to withstand their foes. If, in\\nthe plenitude of his triumphs, he had sometimes seen reasons\\nto hope for a different result, he had at least, for months past\\nforeseen the inevitable conclusion.\\n11. There have been more fortunate commanders, but\\nnever a man who was purer in word and deed. If, in the\\nlapses of time and the verdict of history, he shall be ad-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0258.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "THE WAR DRAWS TO A CLOSE. 239\\njudged to have erred in his choice of sides in a great civil\\ncontroversy, there will be at least no imputation upon the\\npurity of his motives. He did what lie felt was his duty,\\nand there can be no higher standard of human action. The\\nwant of judgment can as soon be ranked among crimes as\\nthe defence of our homes and firesides. General Lee was a\\nVirginian, and he stood by Virginia and the South, and in\\nso doing was not only a hero but a patriot.\\n12. He led many thousands of North Carolinians through\\nyears of blood and trial, and with the living and dead was\\ntheir ideal and embodiment of a Christian gentleman. More\\nthan one hundred and twenty-five thousand men of the State\\nhad struggled in a cause that was now hopelessly lost. With\\nsad hearts, but in humble submission to an overruling Provi-\\ndence, the survivors went to their homes and renewed their\\nfealty to the United States of America.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was the effect of the fall of Fort Fisher?\\n2. What occurred at Kinston? What was the size of General John-\\nston s army?\\n3. What great forces were marching against Johnston?\\n4. Where was the first conflict between these armies? When was the\\nbattle of Bentonsville fought? Point out Averasboro on the map. Ben-\\ntonsville.\\n5. Can you tell something of the fight at Bentonsville?\\n6. W r hat was done by the Federal and Confederate commanders after\\nthis battle?\\n7. W T hat occurred at Petersburg?\\n8. How did the battle result? What took place at Appomattox?\\n9. What is said of the surrender?\\n10. What is said of the great General Lee?\\n11. What further mention is made of him?\\n12. What is said of the North Carolina soldiers?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0259.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "240 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER LVII.\\nCONCLUDING SCENES OF THE WAR.\\nA. D. 1865.\\nWhen General Johnston became aware of General Lee s\\nretreat, he was informed that his next duty would be to effect\\na junction of his forces with those withdrawn from Peters-\\nburg. In accordance with this object a movement was begun\\nat Raleigh, April 10th. The army, Governor Vance accom-\\npanying it, having passed the capital, ex-Governors Graham\\nand Swain, accompanied by Surgeon General Warren, met\\nGeneral Sherman at the head of his vast army a few miles\\nfrom Raleigh and besought him to protect the city.\\n2. General Sherman and his accumulated army of more\\nthan a hundred thousand men entered the capital city on\\nApril 13th. As the advance, under General Kilpatrick, moved\\nup Fayetteville street, a Confederate cavalryman, Lieutenant\\nWalsh, of Texas, before his flight halted near the State House\\nand fired several times at Kilpatrick and his staff. His horse\\nfalling in his effort to escape, he was captured and taken\\nbefore Kilpatrick, who ordered him to be immediately hanged.\\nThe heartless order was quickly obeyed, and, in a few moments\\nthe unfortunate Texan had paid the penalty of his rashness.\\n3. General Johnston was soon apprised of General Lee s\\ncapitulation, and, after conference with President Davis at\\nGreensboro, he resolved to end the war by surrender of his\\narmy. To this end, having communicated with General Sher-\\nman, they met on April 18th, at the house of a Mr. Bennett,\\nnear Durham, and agreed upon conditions of surrender, sub-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0260.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "CONCLUDING SCENES OF THE WAR. 241\\nject to the approval of President Lincoln. Most unhappily\\nfor the Southern people, Mr. Lincoln never had an oppor-\\ntunity to express his opinion concerning this military conven-\\ntion for he having just been assassinated at Washington by\\nJohn Wilkes Booth, Andrew Johnson had become President\\nin his place.\\n4. Mr. Johnson was a North Carolinian by birth. He had\\nlived in Raleigh until he reached manhood and had then emi-\\ngrated to Tennessee. In the violent excitement which fol-\\nlowed upon the killing of President Lincoln, Mr. Johuson\\nwould not sanction the liberal terms of surrender which\\nGeneral Sherman had granted to General Johnston. General\\nSherman had been in conference with the deceased statesmau\\njust previous to his death, and was following his directions as\\nto the treatment of the conquered South.\\n5. Notwithstanding this refusal of the President of the\\nUnited States to carry out the agreement of the military com-\\nmanders, the army of General Johnston was surrendered on\\nApril 26th, 1865, and sent home ou parole.\\n6. General Schofield was made military Governor of North\\nCarolina, and his first official act was a proclamation declar-\\ning freedom to the slaves in the State. After two centuries of\\nNote. In the State election of 1860 the total vote polled was 112,586\\nthe largest that had ever been polled. North Carolina furnished to the\\nConfederacy over 125,000 men, or some 12,500 more soldiers than she had\\nvoters. The total number of troops furnished by all the States of the Con-\\nfederacy was about 600,000, and it will be seen that North Carolina sup-\\nplied over one-fifth of the entire force raised by the Confederate Govern-\\nment during the war. At Appomattox, North Carolina surrendered twice\\nas many muskets as did any other State, and at Greensboro more of her\\nsoldiers were among the paroled than from any of her sister States. North\\nCarolina s losses by the casualties of the war were largely over 30,000 men.\\nOur Living and Our Dead.)\\n31", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0261.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "242 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nservitude these people were at last, in the providence of God,\\ndelivered from their bondage. It is difficult at this dav to\\nsay who were the more blessed in this deliverance the slaves\\nor their masters. That they should have all along enjoyed\\ntheir rights of liberty, is now as apparent as the further fact\\nthat slave-owners were wasting the bulk of their capital in\\nslave property.\\n7. It was a hard thing for men who had been reared in the\\nSouth to realize that their principal species of wealth was\\nfounded in injustice; and still harder was it to accept poverty\\non the strength of a sentiment. Human nature is selfish in\\nall regions, and, that Southern men should have clung to their\\nproperty is no more than what their opponents would have\\ndone had the circumstances been exchanged. It will be diffi-\\ncult for posterity to understand what a mighty revolution in\\nthe domestic life of the people was involved in this single act\\nof an army officer.\\n8. The slaves had been looking forward with hope, since\\nthe beginning of the war, that freedom might be in store for\\nthem, yet almost all of them had remained in quiet subjection\\nat their homes while the war was progressing. It seemed\\nhard for them to realize, for some time, that they were at last\\nthe masters of their own movements. As a general thing,\\nthey continued quietly at labor on the farms of their former\\nowners until the crops that were growing were complete in\\ntheir tillage, or, as they expressed it, laid by.\\n9. Governor Vance was soon arrested, and imprisoned in\\nthe old capitol at Washington. President Davis was also\\ncaptured and imprisoned. Mr. Johnson appointed Vance s late\\npolitical antagonist, W. W. Holden, Provisional Governor,\\nand, at the same time declared every State and county official", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0262.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "CONCLUDING SCENES OF THE WAR. w 2 13\\nin North Carolina functus officio. For some weeks no officer\\nwith civil powers was to be seen, and to the commanders of\\nthe many Federal posts alone could the peaceful have; looked\\nfor protection against violence and fraud.\\n10. Perhaps in this chaotic period of our State history,\\nwhen so much political feeling was filling the souls of the\\npeople, Mr. Holden was as benevolent in his intentions as any\\nother man who could have been found willing to take the\\noath and office in North Carolina, under Federal appoint-\\nment. That he ignored his old friends among the original\\nsecessionists was right and proper, in his change of political\\nopinion, for at that period there were many people in the\\nSouth who considered the leaders of secession as the authors\\nof all the woes of the conquered States.\\n11. With a magnanimous policy, nothing was easier than\\nfor the United States government, then and subsequently, to\\nhave created a sentiment of powerful condemnation toward the\\nmen who approved the action of South Carolina in her pre-\\ncipitate abandonment of the Union. But President Johnson\\nwas filled with an intense desire, as he said, to make treason\\nodious. The long imprisonment of Mr. Davis, the judicial\\nmurders of Mrs. Surratt and Henry Wirz, the protracted\\nexclusion of the Southern States from all participation in the\\ngeneral government, and the harsh policy of reconstruction\\nwere to largely justify, in the Southern mind, the men who had\\nattempted to make such things impossible by a total severance\\nof all connection with the country ruled on such principles.\\n^H KSTIONS.\\n1. What movement did General Johnston attempt after the surrender\\nof General Lee? What men met General Sherman s army in behalf of\\nRaleisjh?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0263.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "244 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n2. When did Sherman s army reach Raleigh? What event is men-\\ntioned\\n3. What was done by Johnston after learning of Lee s surrender?\\nWhat occurred at Washington City?\\n4. What is said of President Andrew Johnson? How did he act con-\\ncerning the terms of Johnston s surrender?\\n5. When did General Johnston surrender?\\nO. Who became military Governor of North Carolina? What was his\\nfirst official act? What is said of the freedom of the slaves?\\n7. How is the question of slavery further considered?\\n8. How had the slaves acted during the war? How did they receive\\nthe news of freedom?\\n9. What befel Governor Vance? To what office was W. W. Holden\\nappointed? What was the condition of civil affairs in North Carolina?\\n10. What is said of Governor Holden?\\n11. How are the events of this period considered?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0264.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "REFITTING THE WRECK. 245\\nCHAPTER LVIII.\\nREFITTING THE WRECK.\\nA. D. 1865 TO 1867.\\nWhen the bulk of the vast armies that had effected the\\noverthrow of the Confederacy was marched northward and\\ndisbanded, the full extent of the ruin that had been wrought\\nwas at last realized. So many Federal troops had been col-\\nlected in North Carolina that their subsistence and depreda-\\ntions had consumed nearly all the food in the State. There-\\nfore, the utmost scarcity was disclosed in broad districts\\ncontiguous to the line of march and occupation by General\\nSherman s great armies.\\n2. Grief for the ruined South, the desolated homes and\\nslain kinsmen, was further supplemented by the pangs of\\nwant and hunger. Famishing men and women were forced\\nto solicit rations of the Federal officers. Aid was given\\ngenerally to needy applicants, upon their taking the oath of\\nallegiance to the United States.\\n3. In the liberation of the slaves came a pervading wreck\\nupon the banks and other fiscal corporations of the State,\\nand, as a consequence, the endowments of the University\\nand the colleges were, to a great extent, forever lost. Even\\nthe large Literary Fund, by which the whole system of com-\\nmon schools was sustained, being invested in similar securities,\\nalso disappeared in the general bankruptcy.\\n4. When the Provisional Governor had entered upon the\\ndischarge of his official duties, he and the Treasurer discov-\\nered that North Carolina was reduced to a small supply of", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0265.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "246 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ncotton as the sum of her available means to discharge the\\ncurrent expenses of the new government. This last resort\\nwas seized by the agents of the United States, and, to Gov-\\nernor Holden s pathetic appeals for its release, the Secretary\\nof the Treasury and President Johnson proved deaf and in-\\nexorable.\\n5. Not only were the people, but the State authorities, thus\\nreduced to extraordinary expedients to prolong their exist-\\nence. The numerous Federal garrisons became useless as a\\nmeans of repressing popular turbulence, for the wretched\\npeople had never a thought of further resistance, and were\\nonly intent upon finding means of obtaining food.\\n6. Governor Holden continued Judges Pearson and Battle\\nin their places of Supreme Court Justices, but replaced\\nJudge M. E. Manly by Edwin G. Reade, of Person. By\\norders from Washington, a proclamation was issued for an\\nelection of a Convention to restore the State to its former\\nrelations. This body met October 2d, 1865, and selected\\nJudge Reade as its president. Ordinances were passed repeal-\\ning the secession ordinance of May 20th, 1861, the abolish-\\ning of slavery, and invalidating all contracts made in futher-\\nance of the late war.\\n1866. 7. In the same election, Jonathan Worth, of Ran-\\ndolph, was chosen over Governor Holden as Chief Magis-\\ntrate. The State was apparently resuming its autonomy, and\\nwas soon to show that some spirit was left in the people.\\nThey refused to ratify the ordinances of the late Convention\\nby a decided majority; and, while accepting the situation and\\nsubmitting in all quietude to the authorities imposed, they\\nwere yet resolved to take no part in these constrained reforma-\\ntions. The armies of the Union, with measures adopted by", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0266.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "REFITTING THE WRECK. 247\\nthe President and Congress, had liberated the slaves and re-\\nversed the Ordinance of Secession, but the people of the State\\nrefused to assume any share in changes they had so long\\nand sternly resisted.\\n8. The general government had been for four years de-\\nclaring the- ordinances of secession, passed by the several\\nStates, as null and void. It had been repeatedly announced\\nthat no State could thus sever her connection with the Union;\\nbut when the legally elected Senators and Representatives\\nfrom North Carolina reached Washington, they found that\\nthis doctrine was reversed, and were told that they could\\nnot take part in national legislation until Congress should\\nrestore the Southern Commonwealths to their lost privileges.\\n9. In the Southern elections that were held, every man\\nwas required to take oaths of allegiance and for the support\\nof the amended Federal Constitution. Many refused to attend\\nthe polls and not a few left the country for foreign lands. A\\nvast majority were resolved to support the Union in good\\nfaith, and were satisfied that the results of the war were provi-\\ndential and for the best, but, unhappily, this was not so un-\\nderstood by Thaddeus Stevens and the men who controlled\\nlegislation at Washington. They were impressed with the\\nbelief that only hostile sentiments actuated Southern white\\nmen, and, therefore, the proper policy left to Congress was\\nto confer political power upon the negroes, and in that way\\nestablish a new system of rule and social life in the States\\nlately in revolt.\\n1867. 10. This was a great and cruel mistake in policy.\\nIt was not only impossible of execution but was to entail\\ntrouble and suffering on both races thus put in antagonism.\\nIt could not be expected that the white people living in the", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0267.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "248 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n.same region with colored rulers would quietly submit to\\ntheir domination, even if such rulers had been equally intel-\\nligent and socially respected. When to this was added the\\nlate subjection and ignorance of the negroes, it was the most\\nfutile and abortive scheme ever proposed in America, and was\\nat war with all the precedents and spirit of the great republic.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was the condition of the State after the departure of Federal\\ntroops\\n2. How were the people enduring mental and bodily suffering?\\n3. What had become of the various educational funds?\\n4. What was the only means by which North Carolina could meet the\\nexpenses of the State government? What became of the small supply of\\ncotton\\n5. What else is said of the sad condition of the people?\\nG. What changes did Governor Holden make in the Supreme Court?\\nWhat orders did the Governor receive from Washington? What was the\\nwork of the Convention?\\n7. Who was chosen to succeed Governor Holden? What political\\nopinions were expressed by the people in their votes?\\n8. What inconsistencies were observed in the management of affairs at\\nWashington?\\n9. How did the men of the South feel concerning the laws of Con-\\ngress? Can you tell something of Thaddeus Stevens?\\n10. How are the events of this period considered?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0268.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR WORTH AND PRESIDENT JOHNSON. 249\\nCHAPTER LIX.\\nGOVERNOR WORTH AND PRESIDENT JOHNSON\\nA. D. 1867 TO 1868.\\nPresident Andrew Johnson, as has been already stated, was\\nborn and reared in the city of Raleigh. He went to Ten-\\nnessee after reaching manhood, and, though blessed with small\\nadvantages as to early culture, he married, and devoted him-\\nself to the practice of law. He is said to have mastered the\\nrudiments of education with his wife s help. His native\\nability soon gave him position in the courts, and eventually,\\ngreat popularity and control over the Tennessee people.\\n2. He soon relaxed in the severity of his feelings toward\\nthe late Confederates, and thereby incurred the resentment of\\nthe leaders in the party which had elected him as Vice-Presi-\\ndent. In the bitterness of the mutual recriminations between\\nhim and his late friends in Congress, there was, unhappily,\\nevil to result to North Carolina and the South; for, to the old\\nresentments were now added a desire in many men to thwart\\nthe President s policy.\\n3. Governor Worth had ever been marked as a public man\\nby the utmost devotion to the Federal Union. He had\\nconstantly opposed the doctrine and necessity of secession. He\\nwas now to show his wisdom and attachment to the State of\\nhis birth. As Governor, he was continually pressed to secure\\nlegal protection for the people against the interference of mili-\\ntary commanders and courts-martial, which were constantly\\nintruding upon the jurisdiction of the State courts.\\n32", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0269.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "250 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n4. Id the ruin of the war, the whole system of education\\nin the common schools had perished in the loss of the Literary\\nFund. The University still continued its ministrations, but\\nwith a diminished faculty and patronage. The colleges, male\\nand female, belonging to the different religious denominations,\\nwere re-opened and generally were slowly regaining their\\nformer efficiency.\\n5. In society there was great confusion in the presence of\\ntwo rival secret societies. These were known as the Union\\nLeague and the Ku-Klux-Klan. The negroes and a few\\nwhite men belonged to the former, and, in those sections of\\nNorth Carolina where the Regulators of old were found, the\\nfamous White Brotherhood/ or Ku-Klux, also became\\nnumerous during the years subsequent to the advent of their\\nrivals.\\n6. Among the first enactments by the Legislature after the\\nwar, was the law allowing colored witnesses to testify against\\nor for white parties in courts of justice. This was as great a\\nchange in judicial habits as was the adoption of Lord Den-\\nman s act, and evinced a desire to clothe the colored race with\\nample protection against wrong and intrusion.\\n7. The agriculture of the period was rapidly advancing in\\nthe perfection of its details. Concentrated fertilizers were\\ncoming into general use and the area of cotton culture\\nwas immensely expanding. The farms were about equally\\ndivided as to the style of their management. The best farmers\\nstill hired their hands and superintended the details of\\noperation in person, but many leased their lands to laborers\\nand furnished the teams and supplies needed by the tenants.\\n8. Under the sensible and moderate rule then seen in the\\nState, prosperity seemed rapidly returning, but as the United", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0270.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "GOVERNOR WORTH AND PRESIDENT JOHNSON. 251\\nStates Congress still refused to allow any representation in that\\nbody, there was great and increasing uneasiness as to the\\nterms that would be finally exacted from the South in the pro-\\nposed reconstruction measures.\\n18( 8. 9. The Convention and elections of 1868 will ever\\nbe remembered as the culmination of these troubles among the\\nwhite people of the South. The act of Congress, passed on\\nFebruary 20th, 1867, was in vain vetoed by the President.\\nIt was made the law of the land, and, under its provisions,\\nwhile twenty thousand white men of North Carolina were\\ndeprived of the right to vote, that privilege was extended to\\nevery colored male in the State old enough to claim his\\nmajority.\\n10. By orders of General Canby, Governor Holden was\\nagain restored to the Chief Magistracy. Governor Worth\\nsurrendered the position with a protest, and surveyed, along\\nwith many others, the sweeping changes effected by the Con-\\nvention in the organic law of the State. Perhaps of all the\\ninnovations, none was so startling as that of the change in pro-\\ncedure and practice in the courts. It was especially distasteful\\nto the older lawyers, who are always conservative and averse\\nto alteration.\\n11. The Legislature, elected under the recently adopted\\nConstitution, met on January 14th, 1868. It was composed\\nprincipally of colored men and citizens from the North who\\nhad lately taken residence in North Carolina. The reck-\\nless expenditures for railroads and other matters produced the\\nutmost excitement among tax-payers, and soon resulted in\\nsuch a strain on the State s credit that her obligations became\\nwell-nigh worthless in the stock-markets.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0271.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "252 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n12. The year closed in with great apprehensions to all clas-\\nses in the South. The new State governments were greatly\\ndisturbed by the Ku-Klux, and in the pandemonium of bri-\\nbery and corruption developed in the different assemblies was\\njustification for the fears of men, who, in the reckless appro-\\npriations, foresaw ruin to all material interests of the State.\\n13. In Jones and Robeson counties, life and property were\\nso insecure that extraordinary measures were adopted to extir-\\npate the bandits who slew and plundered as if no legal\\nrestraints were left in the land. The story of Henry Berry\\nLowry and his Swamp Angels, is one of the vilest of\\nhuman records, and in no respect redounds to the credit of\\nNorth Carolina. That a few mulattoes could, for years, hold\\nan entire community in so much terror, was as astonishing as\\nthe career of David Fanning of revolutionary days.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is said of President Andrew Johnson\\n2. How did his feelings toward the South undergo a change? What\\nwas the result?\\n3. What is said of Governor Worth\\n4. In what condition were the institutions of learning at this period?\\n5. What two political secret societies were found in North Carolina?\\nWhat is said of them?\\n6. What legislation is mentioned favoring the colored people?\\n7. How were agricultural matters progressing. How were the farms\\nconducted?\\n8. What was the general condition of the State.\\n9. What is said of the Convention of 1868? What law concerning\\nvoters had Congress recently passed?\\n10. Mention some of General Canby s acts. What law was specially\\nobjectionable to the lawyers?\\n11. What is said of the Legislature of 1868?\\n12. What troubles were seen in the State at the close of this year?\\n13. How were the counties of Jones and Kobeson particularly unfortu-\\nnate?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0272.jp2"}, "273": {"fulltext": "THE RESULTS OF RECONSTRUCTION. 253\\nCHAPTER LX.\\nTHE RESULTS OF RECONSTRUCTION.\\nA. D. 1868 TO 1870,\\nThere was, in North Carolina, no want of indignation at\\nthe result of the enforced changes wrought in the polity of\\nthe State by means of various congressional enactment.\\nStrangers from other States, and men entirely unused to leg-\\nislation, had effected a large alteration in our ancient Com-\\nmonwealth. It was to be expected that such things should\\nprove distasteful to a proud race that had lately withstood,\\non the field of battle, the possibility of such indignities and\\ninnovations.\\n2. Much of this feeling was natural, and some complaints\\nwere well-founded as to unnecessary alteration of existing\\ninstitutions. The most notable of these was the course pur-\\nsued toward the State University at Chapel Hill. This\\nvenerable institution, which had given education to many\\nmen of renown, was taken in hand, and, with its new man-\\nagement and faculty, was utterly prostrated as a seat of learn-\\ning. Its late president, ex-Governor David L. Swain, died\\nshortly after his removal, and silence usurped the halls so\\nlong thronged by students from many States.\\n3. The changes did not stop with the University. The\\njudges of all the courts had been, since 1776, elected by the\\nLegislature. This was altered, so that they were in future\\nto be selected by the votes of the people. The name of the\\nlower branch of the General Assembly, so long known as", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0273.jp2"}, "274": {"fulltext": "254 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nthe House of Commons, became that of the Representa-\\ntives. The time of meeting for the Assembly was also\\naltered, and the pay of the members largely increased.\\n4. In the two years subsequent to the accomplishment of\\nthese alterations, there was intense political feeling in North\\nCarolina, as indeed, throughout the whole Republic. Excited\\ndebates before the people and in the newspapers led many to\\nbelieve that sectional animosity would produce a renewal of\\nthe late hostilities, but there was never a probability of the\\nrecurrence of such a disaster.\\n1869. 5. Members of the Union League complained of\\npersecution by the Ku-Klux, while the members of that\\norganization denounced the League as the cause of numerous\\narsons and other acts of violence against white men. Gov-\\nernor Holden, in repeated proclamations, demanded that vio-\\nlence should cease. Many gin -houses and barns were burned\\nboth white and colored men were visited at night with vio-\\nlence, and sometimes death. These things were deplored by\\ngood citizens, but they continued, in certain sections, until the\\nclose of the year 1869.\\n1870. 6. There had been great improvement as to peace-\\nful relations for some months, when, in 1870, the election of\\nAttorney-General and members of the General Assembly\\ndrew near. Ou the 28th of May, John W. Stephens, then a\\nmember of the State Senate for Caswell county, was found\\nmurdered in the court-house in Yanceyville. A large con-\\ncourse filled the house and its surroundings on the day the\\nassassination was accomplished, yet, to this time, it remains a\\nprofound mystery as to who committed the crime.\\n7. It was insisted by Governor Holden and others that\\nStephens had been murdered by the Ku-Klux, but they pro-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0274.jp2"}, "275": {"fulltext": "THE RESULTS OF RECONSTRUCTION. 255\\ntested their innocence. The victim, they said was not espe-\\ncially obnoxious to the Brotherhood, and was held in derision\\nrather than hatred among them, therefore, they had no desire\\nnor cause to put him to death.\\n8. The Legislature had recently enacted what was known\\nas the Shoffner Bill. This law clothed the Governor with\\nunusual powers, and provided for the calling out and main-\\ntenance of an army whenever the Executive should deem\\nsuch a course necessary and proper. On the publication of\\nthe news of the murder of Mr. Stephens, Governor Holden\\nhastened to carry out the intention of the framers of this\\nstatute. Troops were assembled in Raleigh, and one George\\nW. Kirk, of East Tennessee, was created a colonel and put\\nin command of the force.\\n9. The election was to occur on the first Thursday in Au-\\ngust, In the midst of the excitement attending such an\\noccasion, the Governor issued a proclamation declaring the\\ncounties of Alamance and Caswell in a state of insurrection,\\nand, on the 18th day of July, 1870, Colonel Kirk, by orders\\nof his Excellency, marched with his militia for the counties\\nunder the bann.\\n10. In a few days, more than a hundred citizens of Ala-\\nmance, Caswell and Orange were arrested and imprisoned by\\nKirk and his subordinates. In some instances persons thus\\nseized were hung up by the neck, or otherwise treated with\\ngreat brutality. Among these prisoners were many men who\\nhad been for years of the first respectability as citizens, and\\nwere known and honored in every portion of the State.\\n11. Application was speedily made to Chief Justice Pear-\\nson for a writ of habeas corpus, that Adolphus G. Moore,\\nand others thus imprisoned, might know the cause of their", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0275.jp2"}, "276": {"fulltext": "256 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ndetention and receive the protection of the laws. Judge\\nPearson granted the writ, but when it was served on Kirk,\\nhe said he was acting in accordance with Governor Holden s\\norders, and refused to obey the command of His Honor.\\nThe lawyers of the imprisoned men then asked for further\\nprocess of the Judge to punish Kirk for his disregard of his\\norders; but Judge Pearson held that his powers were ex-\\nhausted, as the Governor had ordered Kirk to seize the men,\\nand he would do nothing more.\\n12. Application was next made to George W. Brooks, of\\nPasquotank, who was Judge of the United States District\\nCourt for North Carolina. He came to Raleigh, and was told\\nby the Governor that if he interfered civil war would ensue;\\nbut Judge Brooks was inflexible; and, on August 6th, he\\nordered Marshall Carrow to notify Colonel Kirk that in ten\\ndays his prisoners should be brought before His Honor, at\\nSalisbury.\\n13. President Grant was asked by the Governor for in-\\nstructions; and he informed the Chief Magistrate of North\\nCarolina that he must respect the Federal judiciary. Kirk\\nbrought his prisoners as ordered, to Salisbury, and as no\\ncrimes were alleged as the cause of their detention, they were\\nall set at liberty, to the unspeakable satisfaction of the dis-\\ntressed multitudes, who had been mourning over the failure\\nof the laws and exhaustion of the judiciary for five weeks\\npast.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. In what way was North Carolina becoming a victim of political\\nlaws\\n2. What indignities were forced upon the people in regard to the\\nUniversity?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0276.jp2"}, "277": {"fulltext": "THE RESULTS OF RECONSTRUCTION. 251\\nWhat other changes are mentioned?\\n4. How was the feeling in the South between the members of the two\\ngreat political parties?\\n5. Mention some of the charges made by the Union League and\\nKu-Klux-Klan.\\nWhat political murder occurred in 1870? What is said of this\\na flair?\\n7. Whom did Governor Holden charge with the murder of Stephens?\\nWhat was the reply of the Ku-Klux?\\n8. What was the Shoffner Bill? How did Governor Holden act\\nunder the powers?\\n9. What proclamation was issued by the Governor? What orders\\nwere given to Kirk\\n10. Mention some of the acts of Kirk?\\n11. To whom was application for relief made? Give an account of\\nfurther proceedings in the matter?\\n12. To whom was application next made? With what result?\\n13. What was the conclusion of this matter?\\n^C Qe00 D*~\\n:*3", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0277.jp2"}, "278": {"fulltext": "258 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER LXI.\\nTHE IMPEACHMENT OF GOVERNOR HOLDEN.\\nA. D. 1870 TO 1872.\\nThe expenditures and imputed corruption of the Legisla-\\nture of 1868 resulted in a great reversion in the popular vote\\nwhen the returns were counted in 1870. A large majority of\\nmembers opposed to the policy recently adopted, were elected\\nto the new Legislature. It was soon perceived that Governor\\nHolden would be held responsible for the scenes of violence\\nenacted in Alamance and Caswell.\\n2. Nothing can be more important in a civilized govern-\\nment than protection to the liberty of the people. Even in\\nthe royal government of England, for more than two centu-\\nries the King has had no power to deprive a citizen of the\\nright to be heard in the courts, when restrained by legal pro-\\ncess or otherwise. Both there and in America, nothing but\\nforeign invasion or positive insurrection could justify even\\nParliament or Congress in suspending the claim to this palla-\\ndium of civil liberty.\\n3. Upon motion in the House of Representatives, a com-\\nmittee was appointed to inquire into the facts, and soon, arti-\\ncles of impeachment were presented to the Senate, charging\\nthe Governor of the State with the commission of high\\ncrimes and misdemeanors/\\n1871. 4. By the terms of the State Constitution, this\\nworked a disability in Governor Holden; and Tod R. Cald-\\nwell, of Burke, then Lieutenant-Governor, assumed control\\nof the Executive.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0278.jp2"}, "279": {"fulltext": "THE [MPEACHMBNT OF GOVERNOR HOLDEN. 259\\n5. In a court of impeachment in North Carolina, the Chief-\\nJustice is the president of the body. The members of the\\nSenate are triers, and the House of Representatives act as\\nprosecutors in behalf of the people.\\n6. Thus, with Judge Pearson presiding, there was a long\\nand deliberate examination as to these charges made against\\nthe Chief Magistrate of North Carolina. After hearing state-\\nments, both by the accusers and respondent, Governor Hol-\\nden was convicted of the charges made against him, deprived\\nof his office, and declared incapable of holding any further\\nhonor or dignity in the State.\\n7. This severe punishment has been seen but in this single\\ninstance in all the history of the State, and it attracted con-\\nsiderable attention in its progress. It involved great and im-\\nportant issues, and was happily followed by peace and quiet in\\nevery portion of the Commonwealth. The two secret politi-\\ncal societies were disbanded, and violence was no longer used\\nto promote the ends of parties.\\n8. Such a consummation should have long before been\\nreached in North Carolina. That any people can be happy\\nor prosperous when thus divided, is not only improbable, but\\nutterly impossible. All free governments can exist only in\\nthe kindness and mutual forbearance of the men and women\\nwho constitute the population. Oppression is sure to work\\nevil both to the oppressed and the authors of their wrong. In\\na free government nothing is so essential as graceful submis-\\nsion to the laws and lawful wishes of the declared majority\\nwho rule the State.\\n9. After eight years absence, a delegation was again seen\\nin the Federal capital representing the State of North Caro-\\nlina in the councils of the Republic. For two years past,", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0279.jp2"}, "280": {"fulltext": "260 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nmembers of Congress had been allowed to participate in the\\nnational legislation, and thus an ignominious disability had at\\nlast been removed from her Federal relations. A mighty\\nconvulsion, that had stirred the nation to its depths, was being\\nslowly hushed into calm by the adoption of wiser and more\\npeaceful methods. A broader nationality was coming alike\\nto the Northern and Southern people, and the wounds of the\\nwar were fast healing in the lapse of time.\\n10. The census of 1870 exhibited vast improvement in\\nmany departments of human industry. North Carolina, in\\nthe many alterations wrought by the war, was learning the\\nwisdom of diversifying the pursuits of the people. Slowly,\\npublic attention was being turned to the opening of new\\nindustries. The railroad schemes of 1868 amounted to very\\nlittle, by reason of the enormous waste and dishonesty of\\nofficials entrusted with the funds appropriated, but the West-\\nern North Carolina, the Raleigh Augusta, and the Caro-\\nlina Central Railroads, were opening up a new era in the his-\\ntory of such interests in the old North State.\\n11. With a greatly extended area of production in cotton,\\nthere was, besides, an enormous addition of railroad profits\\nfrom the increase both of travel and freights. As the rail-\\nway lines lenghtened to the west, it was found that they\\nwould repay the costs of their construction, and each of the\\nrival political parties pledged itself to the completion of the\\ngreat Western Road which was to pierce the extreme moun-\\ntain barriers and find outlets into Tennessee, both at Duck-\\ntown and the Warm Springs in Madison county.\\n12. Slowly this great dream of the wise men of the past\\napproaches the day of its accomplishment. A half century\\nhas gone by since Dr. Joseph Caldwell and Governor Dudley", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0280.jp2"}, "281": {"fulltext": "THE IMPEACHMENT OF GOVERNOR HOLDEN, 26 1\\nfirst impressed this scheme upon the public mind as a work\\nof the future. Many years may elapse before all the diffi-\\nculties on the route between Asheville and Ducktown are\\novercome, but, in other directions, lines already traverse that\\nregion, and the hope is entertained of speedy realization of a\\ngrand trunk system reaching even into far off Cherokee and\\nher wondrous and valuable mineral deposits.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. How did the deeds of the Legislature of 1868 affect the election of\\nL870? What was seen soon after the election?\\n2. Can you tell what is said about protection of the liberties of the\\npeople?\\n3. What was done by the House of Representatives?\\n4. How did these charges affect the Executive Department?\\n5. What is the method of an impeachment trial in North Carolina?\\n6. Who presided at the trial of Governor Holden? How did the trial\\nterminate? What was the punishment?\\n7. What is said of this great trial? What became of the secret political\\nparties?\\n8. What comments are made upon free governments?\\n9. What political changes were seen at Washington City? How was\\nthe condition becoming better?\\n10. What is said of industrial pursuits in North Carolina? Of rail-\\nroads? Can you trace the route of these railroads on the map?\\n11. How was the State being agitated upon the question of internal\\nimprovements?\\n12. What thoughts are given upon this period of advancement?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0281.jp2"}, "282": {"fulltext": "262 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER LXII.\\nRESUMPTION OF A UTONOMY.\\nA. D. 1872.\\nIn the years that had passed since the close of the war\\nbetween the States, the people of North Carolina had been con-\\ntinually looking forward to the hoar when the State should\\nbe fully restored to its old relations with the Federal govern-\\nment. In the consummation of the reconstruction policy,\\ninaugurated and carried out by Congress, this had been par-\\ntially attained, but, in the provisions of the Constitution\\nadopted in 1868, there were many particulars that were un-\\nsuited to the habits of the people, and amendment was eagerly\\ndesired in this respect.\\n1872. 2. In consequence of the large vote polled in 1870\\nby the party thus actuated, a bill was introduced and passed\\nbv both branches of the Legislature, calling a Convention\\nto effect such changes but it was left to the people to say\\nwhether such a body should meet and a majority of their\\nvotes having been cast in disapprobation of the measure, there\\nwas no Convention held under this act.\\n3. Political animosities were being softened by the lapse of\\ntime, and general prosperity was fast extending to different\\nsections. Towns and villages were being built along the lines\\nof railroads, and cotton and other factories were continually\\nbeing added.\\n4. Just previous to the outbreak of the late war, the\\nMasonic Grand Lodge of North Carolina had reared at\\nOxford, a large and costly building, which was called St.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0282.jp2"}, "283": {"fulltext": "RESUMPTION OF AUTONOMY, 263\\nJohn s College, and was intended for the education of young\\nmen. In 1872 this building was devoted, by the fraternity\\nthat had erected it, to the education of the orphan children of\\nNorth Carolina. This noble charity was placed in the care\\nof John H. Mills, who has abundantly justified the wisdom\\nof those who were parties to his being chosen for so responsi-\\nble a place.\\n5. This school, which educates so many who would other-\\nwise grow up in ignorance and vice, is aided now by an\\nannual appropriation from the State, and another from the\\nGrand Lodge of Masons, but on individual contributions of\\nthe charitable it is mainly dependent for its support. Perhaps\\nno other charity ever so much enlisted popular sympathy in\\nNorth Carolina, and none ever more richly repaid the un-\\nselfish contributions of the people.\\n6. At the period now reached, the University had ceased to\\nbe attended as a college. Although the Rev. Solomon\\nPool was there as its President, the buildings were silent, and\\nthe famous seat of learing seemed to have run its course, and\\nwas no longer to hold its proud position among American\\ncolleges. Trinity College had been, since 1853, to the North\\nCarolina Methodist Conference what Wake Forest was to the\\nBaptist Convention, or Davidson to the Presbyterian Synod.\\nAll of these vigorous young gymnasia were developing into\\nunprecedented effectiveness, and hundreds of young men were\\nreceiving such intellectual guidance as assured their future\\nusefulness.\\n7. Among the female seminaries of the State, a new and\\nformidable rival for popular favor was seen in Peace Institute,\\nat Raleigh. This institution, like the Orphan Asylum, had\\nbeen originated before the war, but, during the years of strife,", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0283.jp2"}, "284": {"fulltext": "264 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nthe building was used as a hospital. Under the administra-\\ntion of Rev. R. Burwell and his son, Mr. John B. Burwell,\\nit became one of the best appointed institutions in all the\\nState, and is even yet continuously growing in public esteem.\\n8. In the nomination and re-election of General Grant as\\nPresident of the United States, in 1872, there were many\\nincidents to show the alteration in Southern sentiment. The\\nwhite men of the South, as a general thing, voted in that con-\\ntest for Horace Greeley, of New York. He had been long\\nidentified with all the movements that were specially obnox-\\nious to Southern people, and yet, after so many bitter differ-\\nences in the fifty years past, the old leader of the Abolitionists\\nbecame the nominee of the Democrats and received their votes\\nfor the Presidency.\\n9. This strange course, was said by the men engaged in it,\\nto be dictated by the desire on their parts to show that they\\nwere not disloyal to the Union, but were willing for the dead\\npast to bury its dead.\\n10. It was, indeed, untrue that any considerable portion of\\nthe Southern people yet clung to the impossible hope of a\\nseparate government. With the close of the war had passed\\nall reason for the existence of another Republic. In the aboli-\\ntion of slavery the States had become uniform in interest, and\\nit was soon patent that it only needed a little time to\\nheal the breaches of the war and restore concord to the two\\ngreat sections of the mighty American Commonwealth.\\n11. That sections and even States should continue to listen\\nto the advice of selfish men in their struggles for political\\npreferment was, unhappily, too common. Cunning adventurers\\nwell know that men love their prejudices even better than the", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0284.jp2"}, "285": {"fulltext": "RESUMPTION OF AUTONOMY. 265\\ndictates of religion and true political wisdom; and, by pan-\\ndering to such feelings, the demagogues of all ages have\\nproven curses to free governments.\\n12. But, in the sober second thought of the American peo-\\nple, there have ever been the highest patriotism and benevo-\\nlence. That hatred and malevolence can continue indefinitely\\nin the relations of the two grand divisions of the Republic, is\\nas impossible as it would be unwise and wicked. Their des-\\ntiny is too grand for the people of America to think of mar-\\nring it by a continuance of strife. Year by year the traces of\\nblood disappear from the face of the land, and more closely\\ngrow the bands that make us a free and united people.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. To what period had the people of North Carolina been looking for-\\nward since the close of the war? What acts had somewhat prevented the\\narrival of this desirable state of affairs?\\n2. What is said of the call for a convention?\\n3. What social changes were seen?\\n4. What charitable institution had been opened by the Masons?\\n5. What is said of the Orphan Asylum?\\n6. In what condition was the University? What is said of other col-\\nleges?\\n7. What female school is now mentioned?\\n8. What political changes were seen in the Presidential campaign of\\n1872?\\n9. What did these events show?\\n10. What was the general position of the people since the close of the\\nwar?\\n11. What men were the chief cause of sectional prejudices continuing\\nto exist?\\n12. In what characteristics do the American people stand high? Why\\nshould all sectional animosities be speedily removed?\\n34", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0285.jp2"}, "286": {"fulltext": "266 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER LXIII.\\nTHE COTTON TRADE AND FACTORIES.\\nA. D. 1873.\\n1873. Previous to the introduction of Whitney s cotton\\ngins there had been large attention bestowed by the people of\\nthe State upon the cultivation of flax. This crop was never\\nreared for exportation, but for family use at home. Few of\\nthe ancient spinning wheels can now be found, but they were\\nonce abundant, and the manufacture of home-made linen\\nwas common in North Carolina. This was even more the case\\nthan is now the preparation of woolen fabrics upon the hand-\\nlooms of the families.\\n2. So soon as the lint cotton was cheaply separated from\\nits seed, the great question of its universal use was solved.\\nIt could be so easily produced that no woolen or linen fabrics\\ncould hope to compete in the markets of the world. The\\ngood women of the State soon learned the economy of buying\\nthe cotton warp of the cloth wove at the farm houses, but\\nit was long before even this common domestic necessity was\\nprepared for use in the South.\\n3. The cotton-yarns were, until about 1840, almost all\\nspun in New England and bought by the merchants in the\\nlarge cities when laying in their semi-annual supplies of goods\\nfor the retail trade. The purchase of slaves and cultivation\\nof cotton so completely absorbed the earnings of the people\\nthat no one invested his capital in anything else except perhaps\\nsome who preferred real estate for such a purpose.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0286.jp2"}, "287": {"fulltext": "THE COTTON TRADE AND FACTORIES. 267\\n4. But even before the civil war and the liberation of the\\nslaves, there were wise men who urged the propriety and\\nprofit of cotton mills in the South. The capitalists who\\nfollowed this advice were very few and far between. At\\nlength, in 1837, Edwin M. Holt built a mill. He was then\\nof Orange, but lived in what is now Alamance county, on the\\ncreek near which the Regulators were defeated.\\n5. This establishment began work with only five hundred\\nspindles. Mr. Holt gradually added to his works, and, in\\n1849 began to weave white and plaid domestics. This and\\nthe mill of the Battle Brothers, at the Falls of Tar River in\\nNash county, were the pioneers of their class in the State.\\n6. Since the war there has been an immense development\\nof this industry. The most remarkable instance of success\\nis seen in the instance of Colonel Thomas M. Holt. He is\\nthe son of Edwin M. Holt and had been with his father from\\nthe time he left Chapel Hill, in 1851, until, in 1860, he pur-\\nchased the site of the Granite Mills on Haw River. This\\nestablishment had been originated by others in 1845, and was\\ncalled Mt. Ararat, but was worked by a private company till\\n1857, when a joint stock company bought the property and it\\nwas incorporated as Granite Mills Manufacturing Company.\\nNote. The cotton mills at the Falls of Tar River in Nash county\\nwere established as early as 1817. Joel Battle of Edgecombe, with Peter\\nEvans of that county, and Mr. Donaldson, of Chowan were the proprietors.\\nMr. Battle bought out the interest of the others and the works afterwards\\npassed into the possession of his son Dossey Battle. Years later, W. S.\\nBattle became the owner of the property, and, under his charge it has\\nremained for more than twenty years. This is a large and important\\nestablishment, and contributes greatly to the supplies of the State. This\\nfactory was destroyed by Federal soldiers in 1863, and again burned down\\nin 1869. At each rebuilding its capacities were increased, and the present\\nmill is working up about one thousand bales of cotton annually.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0287.jp2"}, "288": {"fulltext": "268 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n7. Colonel Holt saw the advantages of the water-power and\\nlocation on the North Carolina Railroad, and lavished upon\\nits development all the resources of his judgment and energy.\\nGradually, the hills upon both sides of the river were covered\\nwith the cottages of operatives, until a pretty village sur-\\nrounded the growing buildings of the cotton factory and the\\nbeautiful residence of the proprietor.\\n8. Colonel Holt has shown high executive capacity in his\\nmanagement as President of the State Agricultural Society,\\nbut, as the chief of all the cotton manufacturers of North\\nCarolina, he has created a reputation that will ever cause him\\nto be remembered among the benefactors of the Common-\\nwealth. All through the war this mill was growing in size\\nand reputation. In 1870 the large flouring establishment of\\nFrieze Co. was purchased, and the weaving of colored\\nfabrics began.\\n9. Thus, step by step, are all great and permanent benefits\\nsecured. The Granite Mills have grown year by year in size\\nand excellence of work, but still are added to and rendered\\nmore effective. Although now weaving and selling daily five\\nthousand yards of domestics, and supplying, besides this, sixty\\nthousand dollars worth of warps each year, there are being\\nadded one hundred and forty looms and three thousand spin-\\ndles to those already in operation.\\n10. The Holt family, and others, have made Alamance\\ncounty the seat of the cotton industry in the State. Haw\\nRiver furnishes power not only to the Granite Mills, but\\nin its course, also to those of Swepson, Carolina, Saxa-\\npahaw, and Glencoe. The Belmont and Alamance Mills,\\non Great Alamance Creek, and others, render this section\\nunique not only in North Carolina but the whole South.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0288.jp2"}, "289": {"fulltext": "THE COTTON TRADE AND FACTORIES. 269\\n11. Hundreds of persons are employed in a single one of\\nthe cotton mills. In this way not only the wealth but the\\npopulation of the section is increased by bringing in new\\nsettlers. The railways find added employment, and in some\\ncases, as at Haw River Station, private residences are seen\\nthat are rural paradises in the beauty and comfort of their\\nappointments.\\n12. North Carolina has ever been slow to change in the\\nhabits of the people. The ways of their forefathers always\\nseem best to most of them until abundant example has shown\\nthe wisdom of an innovation. Steam is usurping a place in\\nevery species of labor and motion. The great seines of Albe-\\nmarle Sound, the printing press, the cotton-gin, and nearly\\neverything else, is obedient to the tireless energies of some such\\nmotor.\\n13. When North Carolina shall have developed her sys-\\ntem of transportation so that the coal and iron mines shall be\\nmore largely worked, and when, as now in Vermont, not only\\ncotton but woolen factories shall be found in every section\\nwhere such staples are produced; then, and not until then,\\nwill the civilization of the State be complete. They who\\nmerely produce raw material will ever be hewers of wood\\nand drawers of water to others who prepare such things for\\nmarket.\\nNote. In addition to the cotton factories mentioned in the text, there\\nare also to be found in the State many other establishments of this kind.\\nAmong the principal mills are the Randleman, Naomi, Cedar\\nFalls, Island Ford, and Columbia, all located in Randolph county.\\nThere are also factories of considerable importance at Fayetteville.\\nRockingham and other towns in the State.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0289.jp2"}, "290": {"fulltext": "270 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What was a principal crop in North Carolina before the cotton gin\\nwas invented? What is said of the cultivation of flax?\\n2. Why did the production of cotton so rapidly take the place of flax?\\n3. How did the people invest nearly all their means?\\n4. What investments had been urged? Who was one of the principal\\nadvocates of the cotton factory?\\n5. What is said of the factories of Mr. Holt and the Battle Brothers?\\n6. How had the cotton factories grown since the war? Mention some\\nof them?\\n7. What is said of the Holt factory on Haw River? Can you locate\\nthis factory on the map?\\n8. What further mention is made of Colonel Thomas Holt?\\n9. W T hat is the present work of the Granite Mills\\n10. What other cotton factories are found in Alamance county? Can\\nyou find their location on the map?\\n11. How are communities benefited by this industry?\\n12. Why have not our people entered more largely into this class of\\nindustry?\\n13. What better future prosperity is yet to be attained by the State?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0290.jp2"}, "291": {"fulltext": "DURHAM AND THE TOBACCO FACTORIES. 271\\nCHAPTER LXIV.\\nDURHAM AND THE TOBACCO FACTORIES.\\nA, D. 1874.\\nSecond alone in importance to the State at large, after the\\ncotton factories, are those devoted to the handling and prepa-\\nration of tobacco for the market. The western powers of\\nEurope had, for many years, realized immense revenues by\\nmeans of their imports and monopolies of the Virginia weed,\\nbefore the government of the United States ever realized a\\ndollar from all the vast production of this crop in the dhTerent\\nStates. So, too, in North Carolina, enterprize and capital\\nhad remained almost completely blind to the possibilities of\\nthe situation.\\n2. Though great qualities of tobacco had been grown in\\nmany of the counties, and the soil and climate were suited to\\nthe production of the finest and costliest grades, yet, the farm-\\ners were content to raise such as commanded but humble\\nprices, and but a small proportion of this was prepared for\\nuse in the vicinity of its production. In a few villages and\\non some of the farms, were to be found small factories, which,\\nwith the rudest appliances, converted into plugs of chewing\\ntobacco such portions of the crop of the neighborhood as\\ncould be probably sold from itinerant wagons.\\n3. These vehicles were sent to the eastern counties and\\neven to portions of South Carolina and Georgia, to supply\\nthe farms and country stores. This traffic continued until the\\nstrong arm of the Federal government, by means of Revenue\\nLaws, was interposed between the pedlers and their ancient", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0291.jp2"}, "292": {"fulltext": "272 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nprofits. The bulk of the crop was sent, before this, to be\\nmanufactured at Richmond, Lynchburg and Danville, in Vir-\\nginia. The fine brands of plug and all smoking tobacco used\\nin North Carolina were received from these cities.\\n4. During the late war, one J. R. Green lived at the little\\nhamlet known as Durham, which was a station of the North\\nCarolina Railroad. His employment was the preparation and\\nsale of granulated smoking tobacco. He produced an article\\nwhich had gained considerable local reputation for its excel-\\nlence, when, in April, 1865, he lost several thousand pounds,\\nwhich the soldiers belonging to the armies under Generals\\nJohnston and Sherman appropriated to their own use.\\n5. Mr. Green bewailed as a loss what turned out to be a\\ngreat blessing to him. The tobacco seized was smoked by the\\nmen of many States, and it at once became famous by the\\nconjoined testimony of so many disinterested witnesses. It\\nwas the speediest and most satisfactory advertisement imagin-\\nable. From that time there has been no trouble in the sale\\nand disposition of any quantity that the genius and enter-\\nprize of Mr. Green s business successors have been able to\\nput upon the market.\\n6. In 1868 he sold to W. T. Blackwell and J. R. Day, one-\\nhalf of his interest in the manufacture of what is known as\\nthe Durham Bull brand of smoking tobacco. Mr. Black-\\nwell had abundant experience in the trade, and soon evinced\\ngreat judgment and capacity for such a business.\\n7. A year later, upon Green s death, the survivors purchased\\nhis interest, and, in 1870, associated as a third partner, Julian\\nS. Carr, of Chapel Hill. Day soon retired, but, in the finan-\\ncial genius of Carr the firm gained all that was needed for the\\nsuccessful conduct of a gigantic trade. To bis fine manage-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0292.jp2"}, "293": {"fulltext": "DURHAM AND THE TOBACCO FACTORIES. 273\\nment was committed the difficult duty of financial operations\\nand the opening up of fresh markets. So well has he suc-\\nceeded that Blackwell Co. are now the greatest manu-\\nfacturers of smoking tobacco in all the world. Mr. Carr\\nwas soon to win a high position as a layman in the Methodist\\nChurch, and, perhaps, as wide political endorsement as any\\nman of his age has ever had in the State, who made trade\\nand not politics the business of his life.\\n8. Inspired by such an example, kindred enterprises w r ere\\nspeedily seen in Durham, Winston, Hillsboro, Oxford, Hen-\\nderson, and many other places. Durham, from the two hun-\\ndred inhabitants of 1865, was soon to reach three thousand.\\nA new industry, employing thousands of people, was thus\\ncreated and added to the list of the State s resources.\\n9. Even faster than the growth of the town has been that\\nof the firm that may really be regarded as its founders. Like\\nthe fame of Gatlin and his revolving gun, the Durham Bull\\nis heard of and has his effigies beyond the seas. From the\\nnominal production of 1870, their sales now exceed four\\nmillion pounds of tobacco, besides the countless cigarettes,\\nthe manufacture of which has been recently added as a branch\\nof their productions. Some estimate of the greatness of their\\noperations may be inferred, when it is known that the amount\\npaid as internal revenue much exceeds the entire taxation,\\nState and county, paid by North Carolina before the year 1848.\\n10. If he who adds to the number of grass blades is a\\npublic benefactor, then the creators of new industries and\\ntowns may well claim consideration along with the warrior\\nand statesman. In many towns and vast productions are\\nmodern States enabled to sustain the great and costly appli-\\n35", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0293.jp2"}, "294": {"fulltext": "274 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nances of our new civilization. With the railroad and factory,\\ncome population and those advantages that can never be\\nenjoyed by the people who lack numbers and wealth.\\nNote. In addition to the cotton, tobacco and other factories mentioned\\nin preceding chapters, there is, in some of the western counties, large\\ncapital invested in mills for the manufacture of woolen yarns and cloth.\\nAmong the principal factories of this kind are the large establishments at\\nSalem and Bethania, in Forsyth county. This is a growing industry\\nfrom which satisfactory profits are realized.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What other great industry is now considered? What is said of the\\ntobacco markets before this period?\\n2. What had been the production iir North Carolina? What quantities\\nwere prepared for sale?\\n3. What is said of the tobacco pedlers?\\n4. What is said of Mr. Green and his factory at Durham?\\n5. How did Mr. Green s losses prove a blessing to him?\\n6. Who became associated with him in 1868? What is said of the\\nfirm?\\n7. What further change was made in the firm in 1869 and 1870? What\\nis said of the new partner?\\n8. How did the great success of this tobacco factory affect other com-\\nmunities?\\n9. What further mention is made of Durham and its factories?\\n10. Why should the people be well informed of such successful enter-\\nprises as those just mentioned?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0294.jp2"}, "295": {"fulltext": "PROGRESS OF MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT. 275\\nCHAPTER LXV.\\nPROGRESS OF MATERIAL DEVELOPMENT.\\nA. D. 1874 TO 1878.\\nThe enormous increase in the amount and quality of cotton\\ngrown in North Carolina since the late war, has been depend-\\nent upon the use of various fertilizers and other appliances of\\na better cultivation of the soil. The old habit of educated\\nmen, in committing their plantations and slaves to the manage-\\nment of overseers, has been almost wholly abandoned. Many\\nindividuals of the largest culture are now devoting their time\\nand skill to the discovery of improved methods in agriculture,\\nand North Carolina is reaping a golden harvest thereby.\\n2. About the year 1878 the example of the Federal gov-\\nernment and that of certain Northern States, induced Colonel\\nLeonidas L. Polk, who had been recently made the State\\nCommissioner of Agriculture, to establish a fish hatchery at\\nthe mouth of Salmon Creek in Bertie county. This estab-\\nlishment has hatched and liberated a very large number of\\nshad and other varieties of fish, and valuable returns are seen\\nin some of the rivers that have been in this manner replen-\\nished with this savory and abundant source of food. It has\\nbeen satisfactorily demonstrated by Seth Green, of New York,\\nand other naturalists, that fish which are spawned in fresh\\nwater and reared at sea, almost invariably seek the place of\\ntheir birth in the spring, when they reach maturity.\\n3. In addition to this artificial increase of the supply of\\nfish, there have been large additions made to the means of\\ntheir capture. The use of steam in the handling of the long", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0295.jp2"}, "296": {"fulltext": "276 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nseines, and the great weirs known as Dutch Nets have\\nopened the way to an indefinite increase of the amount taken,\\nwhile the use of ice and rapid transportation make it possible\\nto deliver the fish fresh in the markets of the western cities.\\n4. This trade is also supplemented in the same region by\\nmuch attention to the growth and sale of vegetables. All the\\nrequirements as to position, soil and climate are abundantly\\nfilled by the counties with alluvial soils along the sea-coast.\\nHeavy crops of Irish potatoes and garden peas are reared on\\nthe same land which, later in the year, supplies a second crop\\nof cotton and corn.\\n5. In the same eastern counties, the products of the farms\\nhave been increased by a large and rapidly extending area\\ndevoted to the production of pea-nuts and high-land rice.\\nWith the exception of a limited supply of the former article,\\ngrown above Wilmington by Nicholas Nixon and his neigh-\\nbors, there was seen in other communities only a few small\\npatches for the use of the family, but with no design of sale\\nor shipment. In many eastern counties the fields of pea-\\nnuts are, of late years, almost as abundant as thoseof cotton.\\nThe same history belongs to the high-land rice. This great\\nstaple of human diet is rapidly becoming a favorite crop, and\\nmills for its preparation are fast making their appearance in\\ndifferent localities.\\n6. Nowhere else in the State has there been so great an\\nincrease in trade as in the city of Wilmington. Many ships\\nfrom foreign ports began to visit Cape Fear River, and, from\\ndifferent cities in other States, regular lines of steam packets\\nwere established, which greatly facilitated the means of com-\\nmunciation. The mercantile establishments of DeRosset\\nSons, Worth Worth, Williams Murchison, Kerchner", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0296.jp2"}, "297": {"fulltext": "PROGRESS OF MATERIAL. DEVELOPMENT. 277\\nCalder Brothers, and others were leaders in commercial circles,\\nand were instrumental in building up the great and growing\\ntraffic of this, the largest city in the State.\\n7. Great and repeated appropriations were made from time\\nto time by the United States Congress, for the improvement\\nof Cape Fear and other water-courses in North Carolina.\\nThe closing of New Inlet is believed by Mr. Henry Nutt,\\nand the Wilmington people, to be entirely efficacious in the\\neffort to deepen the approach by way of the river s mouth.\\nA stone barrier of great length and stability shuts off the\\nflow of water, except past Fort Caswell, and the happiest\\nresults are already realized.\\n8. In the instance of New Bern, another shipping point of\\nimportance had been largely developed in the years since the\\nclose of the war. There, too, was the terminus of prosperous\\nfreight lines, employing many large steam vessels that yet ply\\nregularly between Neuse River and cities beyond the borders\\nof the State. In this city, George Allen, Colonel John D.\\nWhitford and other active and intelligent men have largely\\naugmented the activity of its market. A great trade in lum-\\nber and garden produce is improved by cotton and other\\nfactories, that add largely to the population and means of the\\ncity.\\n1876. 9. In this state of advancement as to her material\\ninterests, North Carolina again became excited, in 1876, over\\nthe choice of new men for Chief Magistrates, both of the\\nRepublic and the State.\\n10. After eight years of service as President of the United\\nStates, General Grant was to retire to private life, and Gov-\\nernor Brogden, who had succeeded Governor Caldwell upon\\nthe death of the latter, in 1874, was also near the end of his", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0297.jp2"}, "298": {"fulltext": "278 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nservices as Governor of North Carolina. No gubernatorial\\nelection was ever more exciting to the State. It resulted in\\nthe choice of ex-Governor Z. B. Vance over Judge Thomas\\nSettle of the Supreme Court.\\n1877. 11. North Carolina had been for years in full pos-\\nsession of the blessings of home rule, but this had not been\\nthe case with all of the Southern States. In the complica-\\ntions which resulted in the seating of Governor Hayes as\\nPresident of the United States, there was such a change effected\\nthat the Federal army was no longer employed to uphold the\\nreconstructed officials in Louisiana and South Carolina, and\\nthe people of these States, at last, were left to the manage-\\nment of their own affairs. With this consummation so long\\nand devoutly wished, came that peace and contentment to all\\nsections which had been unknown since 1861.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. How have the agricultural pursuits of the State been benefited.\\n2. What new enterprise was inaugurated in 1878 What has been the\\nresults of the hatchery? What fact has been proven concerning fish?\\n3. What is said of the improvement in the means of catching fish\\n4. What other species of trade is found in the eastern counties?\\n5. What is said of the production of pea-nuts\\n6. Can you tell something of the growth and trade of Wilmington?\\n7. How has the navigation of the Cape Fear Eiver been improved?\\n8. What other sea-port city is now mentioned? What is said of its\\ncommercial interests.\\n9. How was the State excited in 1876?\\n10. What was the result of this election\\n11. What is said of the events of the past few years?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0298.jp2"}, "299": {"fulltext": "THE CAPITAL CITY AND ITS IlECENT GROWTH. 279\\nCHAPTER LXVI.\\nTHE CAPITAL CITY AND ITS RECENT GROWTH.\\nA. D, 1878.\\n1878. No employment, except agriculture, exceeds in im-\\nportance that of the merchant. North Carolina is shut off\\nfrom foreign commerce by the sand barriers on the coast.\\nOnly at Beaufort, on Old Topsail Inlet, can be found such an\\nentrance to internal waters as promises safety to the mariner\\nwho would approach with his deep-laden vessel. But, while\\nthis has precluded the possibility of great commercial activity\\nin North Carolina, there has not been a lack of men, at any\\nperiod of our history, to illustrate the dignity and importance\\nof legitimate traffic. Cornelius Harnett and Joseph Hewes\\nwere as conspicuous for financial success as they were for\\npatriotism during the Revolution.\\n2. With the return of peace to the belligerent States, North\\nCarolina was commercially prostrate. The merchants and the\\nbanks w r ere almost all ruined in the general impoverishment\\nof their debtors. The supply of cotton which remained on\\nhand at the cessation of hostilities, was about all that had been\\nleft in the general wreck, upon which trade could be again\\ncommenced with parties at a distance.\\n3. Raleigh had never been recognized as a trade centre.\\nA few stores on Fayetteville street, between the State-House\\nand where the Federal building now stands, were the repre-\\nsentatives of their class in the city. Cotton was very little\\ngrown in that region of the State, and no market for its sale\\nhad ever existed nearer than Norfolk and Petersburg.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0299.jp2"}, "300": {"fulltext": "280 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n4. But this state of affairs was not to continue. Numbers\\nof young men, combining great energy and judgment with\\nsmall capital, came to the city and began the work of expand-\\ning its trade and resources. It has not, like Durham, risen\\nup in a few years from almost nothing, but so great a change\\nhas been wrought, that the story of its growth is one of the\\nmost striking incidents in the State s history.\\n5. The extension of the railway lines has opened up new\\ncustom in many counties that had never previously dealt with\\nmerchants of the place, and the enterprise of such houses as\\nthose of the Tucker Brothers; A. Creech; Yeargan, Petty\\nCo.; Julius Lewis Co.; T. H. Briggs Sons; R. B. An-\\ndrews Co., has extended Raleigh s trade to all points of the\\ncompass. In the instance of the great retail dry goods firm\\ncomposed of W. H. H. and R. S. Tucker, an old house now\\ngrown historic in the land, special prominence has been won.\\nThis establishment was founded in 1818, by two brothers,\\nRuffin and William Calson Tucker. They were young, and\\nonly possessed one hundred and twenty-five dollars as capital.\\nThey opened their store in a small wooden building situated\\non the exact spot where the elegant brick edifice now stands.\\n6. This building was erected in 1867, by the present firm,\\nand was the first of the kind built in the city. In spite of\\nheavy losses by the war, they re-established their business\\nupon a far greater basis than ever before. The occasion was\\nmade memorable in the delivery of an oration by ex-Gov-\\nernor Swain. The Messrs. Tucker have both been liberally\\neducated, and thus gave token of their broad views by dedi-\\ncating to public uses a much-needed assembly room, in the\\ncommodious Tucker Hall.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0300.jp2"}, "301": {"fulltext": "THE CAPITAL CITY AND ITS RECENT GROW III. 281\\n7. In the progress of the State, no greater change has been\\nseen in the habits of the people than in the matter of the\\napparel of men and boys. As early as 1847, E. L. Harding\\nestablished in Raleigh, just below what is now Tucker Hall,\\na depot of ready-made clothing, but the almost unbroken\\ncustom of that day, and still later, was to wear clothes that\\nhad been spun, woven and made up on the farms or by tailors\\nin the towns of the State. Since the close of the war, almost\\nall classes of men have dressed from supplies prepared in the\\ngreat cities.\\n8. The firm of R. B. Andrews Co. are the pioneers in\\nthis branch of trade, and yet remain the largest dealers of the\\nkind in North Carolina. Mr. Andrews was in the house as\\na clerk before the war, and re-opened it on the return of peace.\\nHe was joined by Mr. Seymour W. Whiting in 1878.\\nUnder wise management, the business has constantly grown,\\nuntil a building two hundred and ten feet long and five stories\\nhigh has become necessary to meet the exigencies of the firm,\\nwhose trade has become immense in its proportions.\\n9. Another one of the most successful merchants of Raleigh\\nis Alexander Creech. In the early days of 1850 this mer-\\ncantile establishment was opened with a stock of dry goods,\\nand the business has been continued for more than thirty years,\\nwith only a slight interruption during the late war. The\\ndevelopment of the city as a cotton market induced Mr.\\nCreech to give special attention to the wholesale branch of his\\nbusiness, and in this respect also, he has achieved a remarka-\\nble success. This house has gradually expanded in the\\nvolume of its trade until it has reached unprecedented mag-\\nnitude.\\n36", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0301.jp2"}, "302": {"fulltext": "282 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n10. In the sum of the city s growth and inprovement\\nanother important factor is seen in the development of the hard-\\nware establishments. The large and elegant building occu-\\npied by the builders, Messrs. Thomas H. Briggs Sons, is\\nthe seat of the oldest representative of this class. No man\\nhas done more for the enlargement and adornment of the city\\nthan the senior member, in his employment as architect and\\ncontractor; and the hardware trade, which was originally\\nsubservient to his other engagements, has grown into a large\\nand lucrative traffic.\\n11. The kindred establishments of Julius Lewis Co. and\\nJ. C. Brewster Co. of Raleigh, also Hart Bailey\\nin Wilmington, George Allen in Newbern, and others, are\\nworthy rivals in this important accessory to human wants and\\nindustry. Among the varied and wonderous natural resources\\nof North Carolina, are coal and iron mines, that render possi-\\nble the establishment of forges and lathes, and the building\\nup of new Birminghams and Sheffields in our midst.\\n12. The development of commerce and manufactures is the\\ngreat hope of the Old North State. The enterprise and\\ncapital of this and other communities are seeking oppor-\\ntunities of investment, and the day is fast coming when North\\nCarolina will rival Pennsylvania in the variety and excellence\\nof her manufactures. The Cotton Exchange of Raleigh is\\naiding very largely in building up the business of the city to\\nvast proportions. The quantity of cotton sold in Raleigh has\\nbeen rapidly increasing annually since the war, and the receipts\\nfor the year 1880 amounted to over seventy-six thousand bales.\\nIn 1869 the entire product of the State was only one hundred\\nand forty-five thousand bales.\\n13. In all the towns and cities of North Carolina may be\\nfound a considerable number of Israelites, engaged in the", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0302.jp2"}, "303": {"fulltext": "THE CAPITAL CITY AND ITS RECENT GROWTH. 283\\nvarious branches of trade; and this class of our citizens has\\nadded no little to the general growth and material prosperity\\nof the State. They have synagogues at Wilmington, Char-\\nlotte, Raleigh, Goldsboro and New Bern.\\nNote.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Another one of the important industries of the State is the\\nmanufacture of paper. The Falls of Neuse Paper Mill, situated near\\nRaleigh, was organized in 1854, and has been almost constantly worked\\nsince that time. Just after the close of hostilities, in 1865, this mill had\\nthe contract of supplying the printing paper used by three great New York\\ndaily newspapers: the Herald, the Tribune and the Times. Other large\\npaper mills were established in Cleveland and Lincoln counties in 1866,\\nand are all in full operation. The daily and weekly newspapers of North\\nCarolina are now largely supplied with printing papers by the mills of the\\nState. The first paper mill in North Carolina was erected near Hillsboro,\\nin 1778; the second one was built at Salem, in 1789, by Gotleib Shober.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What are the most important employments in a State What is some\\nof North Carolina s commercial advantages?\\n2. What was the financial condition of the people at the close of the\\nwar\\n3. What is said of Raleigh as a trade centre\\n4. In what way did trade matters begin to improve at the capital\\n5. What business houses are mentioned What is said of the growth\\nof the Tuckers\\n6. What further mention is made of this firm\\n7. What other branch of business is next described?\\n8. What is said of R. B. Andrews Co.?\\n9. Can you tell something of Alexander Creech s dry goods establish-\\nment\\n10. Give an account of the growth of the hardware house of Briggs\\nSons.\\n11. What other hardware firms are mentioned? What is said of the\\nState s natural resources?\\n12. What else is said of North Carolina s commercial prospects\\nWhat advantages has Raleigh derived from the Cotton Exchange\\n13. What is said of the Israelites", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0303.jp2"}, "304": {"fulltext": "284 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER LXVII.\\nTHE RAILROADS AND NEW TOWNS.\\nA. D. 1879.\\n1879. The Raleigh Gaston Railroad originally con-\\nnected the two places that gave name to the route. It was\\nnecessary, in reaching Raleigh from the Albemarle region, to\\ngo to Weldon, and then, by the Petersburg Railroad, the junc-\\ntion in Greenville county, Virginia, gave access by a short line\\nto Gaston. It was not until about 1853 that the Raleigh\\nGaston route was extended directly down the Roanoke River\\nto Weldon. This was a great facility to both trade and traffic\\non this important line, yet twenty years elapsed in the pro-\\ngress of internal communication before this short link could\\nbe added.\\n2. A great trunk line, extending east and west through the\\nwhole length of the State, has been long a favorite scheme of\\nmany statesmen in the effort to build up a sea-port at Beaufort.\\nBut, in the progress of the late war it became all-important\\nto the Confederate government to tap the North Carolina\\nroad at Greensboro, in order that troops and military freights\\nmight be speedily conveyed to Petersburg and Richmond by\\nway of Danville. The new road to Clarksville was stript of\\nits iron to supply this route, and has never recovered from that\\nact of spoliation.\\n3. The completion of the lines leading from Charlotte to\\nWilmington, Charlotte to Statesville, from Raleigh to Hamlet,\\nthe Yadkin Valley from Fayette ville to Greensboro, and the\\nWestern North Carolina Road from Salisbury to Asheville,", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0304.jp2"}, "305": {"fulltext": "THE RAILROADS AND NEW TOWNS. 285\\nand the Paint Rock have enormously increased the facilities\\nfor traffic and travel in tire State. In addition to these lines,\\nnew routes from Jamesville to Washington, from Rocky\\nMount to Tarboro, from Norfolk to Elizabeth City and\\nEdenton, and from Henderson to Oxford have also been\\nrecently added to the railway system.\\n4. The road from Winston to Greensboro has resulted in\\nthe creation of a city alongside of ancient Salem which is in\\nevery respect the compeer of Durham in the swiftness of its\\ngrowth and the amount of its trade and manufactures. Wins-\\nton, Durham and Reidsville have arisen almost like magic, and\\nare expanding into such importance that Charlotte, Salisbury\\nand Greensboro have all felt the consequences of their growth\\nin trade and population.\\n5. The city of Charlotte has greatly prospered and has\\nbecome important for its large trade and railway interests.\\nPerhaps nowhere else in the State have the citizens of a city\\nshown greater enterprise. Its merchants, lawyers and editors\\nhave all won the respect and admiration of other communities,\\nand have raised their city to such prosperity that it is now\\nrapidly becoming a rival of Wilmington and Raleigh and\\ntaking place in the front rank among North Carolina s empo-\\nriums.\\nNote. One of the most remarkable scenes ever witnessed in North\\nCarolina was the famous centennial anniversary of the signing of the\\nMecklenburg Declaration. It filled Charlotte with thousands of visitors,\\namong whom were the Governors of several States, and many other dis-\\ntinguished American citizens. Ex-Governor W. A. Graham, Judge John\\nKerr, Governor Brogden and others delivered orations, and the citizen-\\nsoldiers of the State were gathered to do honor to an event that had made\\nCharlotte forever sacred to history and song. This occurrence was, of\\ncourse, on May 20th, 1875, and just one hundred years later than the con-\\ncourse ordered bv Colonel Thomas Polk.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0305.jp2"}, "306": {"fulltext": "286 HISTOKY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n6. Fayetteville, Asheville and Statesville have also afforded\\nremarkable instances of thrift and expansion in the busy\\nlatter years of our State history. Asheville, besides being a\\nfavorite resort as a watering place, supplements its summer\\nfestivities with large numbers of visitors avoiding the rigors\\nof winter months elsewhere. It is becoming a railway centre\\nand is fast developing a large and lucrative trade.\\n7. The tendency toward the erection of manufactories, and\\nthe recent influx of foreign immigrants, are happy auguries\\nfor the continued prosperity and growth of towns in the State.\\nThe wondrous diversity of products of the soil, the extent of\\nthe forests and the richness of the mines, all combine to\\ndemonstrate the ease with which the success of other American\\nStates can be rivalled in our own.\\n8. Already the mountains have been pierced by the rail-\\nway from Salisbury. Other lines from Virginia, South Caro-\\nlina and Tennessee are being constructed, so that every por-\\ntion even of the mountainous region will soon be within easy\\nreach of the markets of the world. The Cranberry Iron\\nores, the matchless Mica quarries and the Corundum deposits,\\nare all being made available to commerce, and will realize\\nvaluable returns for the capital employed upon them.\\n9. Not the least remarkable among the new industries of\\nthe western counties is the collection and shipment of Gin-\\nseng and other valuable medical roots and herbs. A firm in\\nStatesville, Wallace Co., have been, for years past, employ-\\ning large capital in this business, which seems capable of\\nindefinite extension. The preparation of dried fruits is another\\nlucrative addition to the resources of the same region.\\n10. Years ago, attention was called to the fact that at cer-\\ntain elevations in the mountains there was no frost to be seen", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0306.jp2"}, "307": {"fulltext": "THE RAILROADS AND NEW TOWNS. 287\\nat any period of the year; and this immunity has been turned\\nto valuable account by the fruit growers, and now great\\norchards are found in many parts of the western counties, and\\nthe shipments of very fine apples show the cultivation given\\nto them.\\n11. North Carolina is not only the original habitation of\\nthe scuppernong grape, but also of the luscious Catawba.\\nThis latter fine fruit which has proven so valuable to the\\nnurseries of Cincinnati, is at home in this latitude, and Colonel\\nWharton J. Green, at the Tokay Vineyard, and others, have\\nshown the excellence of the wines manufactured in our midst.\\n12. Colonel Nicholas- Williams, of Yadkin county, was,\\nbefore 1861, famous for the production of a stronger bever-\\nage, derived from rye and corn; and many distilleries have\\nbeen continued in the western counties, in spite of the gov-\\nernment regulations that carry so many men as culprits to the\\nFederal prisons. The offenders, known as Moonshiners,\\nare those who make and sell whisky without paying the\\nUnited States for a license in the trade. These transgressors\\nof the law have for years been hunted like Italian bandits,\\nand not unfrequently blood has been shed in defence of the\\nhidden distilleries.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is the subject of this lesson? What is said of the extension of\\nthe Raleigh Gaston Railroad? Go to the map and point out this road?\\n2. What favorite trunk line has long been desired? What road was\\nspecially important to the Confederate government? Point out this road\\non the map.\\n3. What roads are mentioned as haying been recently completed?\\nPoint out these on the map.\\n4. What towns are now mentioned, and what is said of their growth?\\nLocate them on the map?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0307.jp2"}, "308": {"fulltext": "288 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n5. What is said of the prosperity of the city of Charlotte\\n6. What mention is made of Fayetteville, Asheville and Statesville?\\nFind these towns on the map?\\n7. What have been the causes of the rapid growth of the towns in the\\nState?\\n8. What further prosperity is noticed.\\n9. What other industry is described Can you tell anything of this\\nvaluable production? (Teacher will explain.)\\n10. What is said of the western fruit growers?\\n11. What excellent varieties of grape are natives of North Carolina?\\nWhat is said of the Catawba grape?\\n12. What is mentioned of the manufacture of stronger liquors?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0308.jp2"}, "309": {"fulltext": "LITERATURE AND AUTHORS. 289\\nCHAPTER LXVIII.\\nLITERATURE AND AUTHORS.\\nA. D, 1880.\\n1880. It would seem natural that the connection of Sir\\nWalter Raleigh with the history of North Carolina should have\\nredounded to the literary tendencies of a people blessed with\\nsuch a eod-father. He was so full of genius and devotion to\\nletters, that a special impetus ought thereby to have been given\\nto the cultivation of a similar spirit among those who were to\\ninhabit the land of his love. But, though Hariot, Lawson,\\nand quaint Dr. Brickell were moved with such a spirit, the\\nmuses have not made the Old North State very remarkable\\nin this respect.\\n2. North Carolina has always been, since its settlement, the\\nhome of some highly cultivated people, but all the while the\\nmass of the population has possessed but little knowledge\\nof books. This fact has been a great discouragement to the\\nproduction of authors. Professions are not eagerly sought\\nwhen not encouraged by the sympathy and support of the\\npublic. The absence of schools and learning has led to public\\napathy as to books, and, in many regions, even to this day,\\nnot even a newspaper is read except by men few and far\\nbetween.\\n3. In the period just preceding the revolt from British rule,\\nEdward Moseley and Samuel Swann had been succeeded by\\nmen who possessed better literary opportunities, and were\\nmore devoted to general* culture than had been these two able\\n37", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0309.jp2"}, "310": {"fulltext": "290 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nand accomplished lawyers. Moseley, with every acquirement,\\ncould never bring to any of his many controversies with Gov-\\nernor Pollock and others, such flowers of rhetoric as Judge\\nMaurice Moore lavished upon his famous Attieus Letter/\\n4. That production was just such an attack upon Governor\\nTryon, for his conduct toward the Regulators, as, a few years\\nlater, immortalized the English writer, who is to this day only\\nknown by his signature, Junius. When Judge Moore and\\nhis compeer, Cornelius Harnett, were growing old, William\\nHooper, Archibald Machine, and the first James Iredell were\\nyoung lawyers, who travelled to all the Superior Courts in\\nthe State and mingled belles-lettres largely with their inspec-\\ntions of Coke and the new lectures of Dr. Blackstone.\\n5. No man or woman then in North Carolina wrote books\\nas a profession, but the copious correspondence of that day,\\nwhich yet survives, and upon which fifty cents were paid as\\npostage for each letter, proves that what was called polite\\nliterature engaged much of their attention. They made fine\\nspeeches, and Judge Iredell wrote a law-book and frequent\\ndissertations for the newspapers; but, beyond this, and an\\noccasional pamphlet, no literary tasks were undertaken.\\n6. Dr. Hugh Williamson was a man of similar habits. He\\nwas not only a skillful physician, but served with credit as a\\ncollege professor, and a member of the Convention at Phila-\\ndelphia which formed the Federal Constitution, and he was\\nalso a member of the United States Congress. After ceasing\\nto be a citizen of this State, he undertook to write its history;\\nbut achieved very moderate success as an author.\\n7. In the lapse of years, this task was again undertaken\\nby Judge Francois Xavier Martin. He came from France\\nwhen a boy, and practiced law for seventeen years at New", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0310.jp2"}, "311": {"fulltext": "LITERATURE AND AUTHORS. 291\\nBern. His compilation of the statutes and history of North\\nCarolina were invaluable labors, and will ever render him\\nmemorable in our annals. His dry statement of facts was\\ngenerally correct, and he fell into very few errors, considering\\nthat he was the first to attempt anything like a full record of\\nthe State s past; and this was accomplished in his new home\\nin Louisiana.\\n8. Joseph Sea well Jones was a remarkable man in many\\nrespects. He was brilliant in social life, and became well-\\nknown to the literary and fashionable circles of New York\\nand Washington. His love for North Carolina was intense,\\nand the Defense he wrote exhibits both talent and research.\\nHis infirmities of temper impaired his judgment, but his\\nmemory should ever be cherished in his native State for the\\nservices he rendered. After the gay scenes of his early man-\\nhood, he spent many years on a Mississippi plantation. His\\nlast book was entitled My Log Cabin in the Prairie.\\n9. Early in the present century, the literary aspects of the\\nState were brightened by men who had attended as students\\non Dr. Joseph Caldwell s ministrations at Chapel Hill. His\\ntendencies were all so practical that scientific and mechanical\\ndevelopment was more encouraged than lighter subjects, but\\nHardy B. Croom, Joseph A. Hill, Judge A. D. Murphy, and\\nRev. Drs. William Hooper and Francis L. Hawks were early\\ndistinguished for the elegance of their literary acquirements.\\n10. Judge William Gaston left just enough literary memo-\\nrials to cause us to regret that he did not attempt more things\\nof the kind. His ode to Carolina, and certain orations, will\\nnever be forgotten. Judge Robert Strange was also possessed\\nof similar gifts. Philo Henderson, Walker Anderson, and\\nAbraham F. Morehead were largely gifted in poetic power.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0311.jp2"}, "312": {"fulltext": "292 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nEach of them, at rare intervals, indulged in compositions that\\nshow what might have been accomplished had they been\\nauthors by profession and not mere literary amateurs.\\n11. Colonel John H. Wheeler and Rev. Dr. Calvin H.\\nWiley have both executed tasks that will render their names\\nhousehold words for ages to come. The historical contribu-\\ntions of the former are of the greatest possible value, and are\\nhighly prized in every portion of the State. Rev. Drs. Hub-\\nbard, Foote, Hawks and Caruthers, and ex-Governors Graham\\nand Swain have each been large contributors to the same\\ncause. Rev. Dr. Charles F. Deems and the lamented Edwin\\nW. Fuller added much to the fame of our writers. Pro-\\nfessors Richard Sterling and William Bingham have contri-\\nbuted excellent educational text-books, which do great credit\\nto the talented authors. The recent History of Rowan\\nCounty, by Rev. Jethro Rumple, is both pleasing and valu-\\nable as a tribute to our local traditions.\\n12. In addition to the authors mentioned, there have been\\nother members of the Bar of North Carolina who have pro-\\nduced legal works of very great importance and value, not\\nonly to our own practitioners, but also to lawyers of other\\nStates. The most prominent writers of this class of literature\\nwere James Iredell, Edward Cantwell, Benjamin Swaim,\\nWilliam Eaton, Jr., B. F. Moore, S. P. Olds, William H.\\nBattle and Quentin Busbe of former years; followed, in\\nlater times, by A. W. Tourgee, William H. Bailey, and\\nNote.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The State, while possessing a number of excellent musicans, has\\nnot produced many musical compositions of special merit but the two\\nsongs, The Old North State, by Hon. William Gaston; and Ho, for\\nCarolina, by Rev. William B. Harrell, will ever remain favorites with\\nour people.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0312.jp2"}, "313": {"fulltext": "LITERATURE AND AUTHORS. 293\\nFabius H. Busbee. These law books have been chiefly digests,\\nrevisals aud manuals of practice.\\n13. Gifted women have not been wanting amid these liter-\\nary people. Mrs. Cornelia Phillips Spencer, Mrs. Cicero W.\\nHan-is, Mrs. Mary Mason and Mrs. Mary Bayard Clarke\\nhave made valuable contributions to the literature of their\\nera. In the case of Miss Frances Fisher, under the assumed\\nname of Chistian Reid, a most signal success is to be chroni-\\ncled. She has given to the press many excellent stories and\\nestablished a national fame as a novelist.\\n14. North Carolina has produced many able newspaper\\neditors. Joseph Gales and his two sons, Edward J. Hale,\\nex-Governor W. W. Holden, William J. Yates, William L.\\nSaunders, S. A. Ashe, T. B. Kingsbury, R. B. Creecy, Dossey\\nBattle, C. W. Harris, P. M. Hale, and other gifted men, have\\nwielded a wide influenee on the people of the State.\\nQUESTIONS.\\nOf what does this lesson treat?\\n1. Who is the first literary man known to North Carolina? What is\\nsaid of him? What others are mentioned in this connection?\\n2. What has been the general condition of literary matters in the State?\\nWhy have so few professional authors been seen?\\n3. What is said of Samuel Swann and Edward Moseley? Who was\\nauthor of the Atticus Letter?\\n4. What mention is made of the Atticus Letter Who were the\\nliterary men of that period?\\n5. What is said of the correspondence of that day? What was the\\nextent of Judge Iredell s literary efforts?\\n6. What is said of the attainments of Dr. Hugh Williamson?\\n7. What other historians are mentioned, and what is said of them\\n8. Tell something of the labors of Joseph Seawell Jones?\\n9. What produced an improvement in literary affairs early in the\\npresent century?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0313.jp2"}, "314": {"fulltext": "294 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n10. Wh:it is said of the ode to Carolina and its author? What writers\\nof similar gifts are named\\n11. What is said of the literary efforts of Colonel Wheeler and Dr.\\nWiley? What other historical writers are mentioned? Who have con-\\ntributed to the State valuable series of school books?\\n12. What members of the Bar have produced legal works of great value?\\n13. Can you tell something of the gifted women of the State?\\n14. What prominent editors has the State furnished?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0314.jp2"}, "315": {"fulltext": "THE COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. 295\\nCHAPTER LXIX.\\nTHE COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS.\\nA. D, 1880.\\nAs was intended by the men who framed the Constitution\\nof North Carolina at Halifax, in 1776, the University of the\\nState has long held the leadership of such institutions in the\\nCommonwealth. The unfortunate and inexcusable inter-\\nference of politicians with its management, during they ears\\nof reconstruction, only resulted in its temporary eclipse. The\\npublic refused it patronage when the new managers had\\ninstalled a strange faculty in the seats of Governor Swain and\\nhis long-honored coadjutors; but the Convention of 1875\\nprovided for the restoration of the ancient order of things, and,\\nsince that period, prosperity has returned, both to the Univer-\\nsity and the beautiful village in which it is situated.\\n2. Many useful reforms have been accomplished in its cur-\\nriculum and management. Perhaps never before was seen\\nsuch devotion to study and compliance with the rules on the\\npart of the students. The President, Dr. Kemp P. Battle,\\nhad been much identified with the institution before assuming\\ncharge of its fortunes. His learning, combined with public\\nexperience, made him a wise ruler of the literary community\\nover which he was called to preside; and the excellence of the\\nnew faculty is becoming every day more evident in the\\nscholarship and bearing of the young men who are sent out\\nfrom its halls.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0315.jp2"}, "316": {"fulltext": "296 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n3. Wake Forest College is the oldest of the sectarian col-\\nleges of the State, and has long vindicated its usefulness\\namong the Baptist Churches. Its first intended end was the\\neducation of young men for the ministry, but this has been\\nlargely augmented by the successes of its graduates in every\\nother branch of human usefulness in our midst. The councils\\nof the State, and the learned professions have been greatly\\nillustrated by men who laid the foundations of their success\\nby diligent application to their duties while attending as stu-\\ndents at Wake Forest.\\n4. In the recent death of Rev. Dr. W. M. Wingate, the\\ninstitution lost a president who had given long and signal\\nservice; but, in his successor, Rev. Dr. T. H. Pritchard,\\nperhaps even higher executive qualities are seen. Wake For-\\nest catalogue has latterly contained about two hundred names\\nof students, and, through the munificence of certain friends,\\nthe college has received great additions to the buildings and\\nappliances.\\n5. Davidson College has also immensely developed in the\\nlast few years. Not only in increased patronage, but in the\\ngrade of scholarship a great advance has been achieved so\\nthat few institutions in America afford higher and more\\nthorough instruction than is now enjoyed by the young men\\nwho avail themselves of the advantages here offered.\\n6. The same things may be said of Trinity College, under\\nthe direction of Rev. Dr. B. Craven. The pulpits of the\\nMethodist Churches in North Carolina have long borne evi-\\ndence of the literary and moral excellence imparted to the\\ngraduates, and in many other respects the whole State has been\\nbenefited and elevated by contact with such men.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0316.jp2"}, "317": {"fulltext": "THE COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. ^.)1\\n7. The female seminaries at Salem, Greensboro, Raleigh,\\nMurfreesboro, Thomasville, Wilson, Oxford, and Lonisbnrg,\\nhave also prospered in this era of general advancement among\\nthe North Carolina schools. Large numbers of young ladies\\nfrom other States are sent to them for education, and, in the\\nnoble emulation thus evolved, admirable instruction is obtained.\\n8. Among preparatory schools, that of Major Robert Bing-\\nham, at Mebaneville, in Alamance county, is, by common\\nconsent, supreme in North Carolina, and perhaps, in the South,\\nnot only in number of students, but in the excellence of tuition,\\ndiscipline and drill. On the catalogue of this institution will\\nbe found the names of young men from almost every State in\\nthe Union, and even some foreign countries are represented.\\n9.- Other similar institutions have long flourished at Ral-\\neigh, Oxford, Greensboro and elsewhere, and all of them are\\nhaving a large influence for good upon the young men of the\\nState. The Normal Schools at Chapel Hill, and other towns,\\nhave been largely attended by teachers, and great interest is\\nalso manifested in the graded schools. At no previous period\\nhas so much attention been bestowed upon matters of this kind\\nby the people of North Carolina.\\n10. Soon after the conclusion of the late war in the month\\nof December, 1865 a colored school for both sexes was\\nfounded through the exertions of the Rev. H. M. Tupper, at\\nthe State capital, and called the Raleigh Institute. On\\naccount of large donations from Elijah Shaw, of Massachu-\\nsetts, and Jacob Estey, of Vermont, it was, in 1875, changed\\nin name; the male school then became Shaw University/\\nand the female department was called Estey Seminary.\\nSpacious and well-built edifices were reared on different por-\\ntions of the grounds, and hundreds of colored pupils have been\\nin attendance since its foundation.\\n38", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0317.jp2"}, "318": {"fulltext": "298 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n11. Iii a different section of the city exists another semi-\\nnary of similar character for the colored people, founded\\nin 1867, by the Rev. Dr. James Brinton Smith. This is called\\nSt. Augustine Normal School and Collegiate Institute/\\nIt has been for some years under the charge of Rev. John E.\\nC. Smedes, and is under Episcopal patronage. Though not\\nso largely attended as Shaw University, it is still of great\\nbenefit to the race it was intended to educate, and in this way\\nis also a blessing to the community at large. Another excel-\\nlent school for the colored people is located at Fayette ville,\\nand others are to be found in various sections of the State.\\nNote. One of the most prominent of the graded schools in the State\\nwas organized at Raleigh, in 1876, and named the Centennial Graded\\nSchool. It has been, ever since its organization, under the superior\\ndirection and management of Captain John E. Dugger. The great success\\nof this institution has led the citizens of other towns in the State to estab-\\nlish schools of like character. There are now to be found flourishing\\ngraded schools at Salisbury, Fayetteville, Goldsboro, Wilson, Greensboro,\\nCharlotte, Wilmington and New Bern. Several towns also, contain excel-\\nlent schools of this description for the colored people, and their effective-\\nness is rapidly becoming apparent.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is this lesson about? What was the intent of the Halifax\\nConstitution concerning the University? What is said of this institution\\nduring the years of reconstruction? When was it re-established?\\n2. How has the University been benefited by its new management?\\n3. What is said of the success of Wake Forest College?\\n4. Tell something of its management?\\n5. Give an account of the progress of Davidson College.\\n6. What is said of Trinity College and its work?\\n7. What female seminaries are now mentioned? What has been their\\nlabor?\\n8. What have been the peculiar successes of the Bingham School?", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0318.jp2"}, "319": {"fulltext": "THE COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. 299\\n9. Where are other fine schools for boys to be found? What other\\nschools are mentioned?\\n10. (Jive an account of the Kaleigh Institute for colored people. By\\nwhat name is this institution now known?\\n11. What is said of the Saint Augustine Normal School? Where are\\nother excellent schools for the colored people to be found", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0319.jp2"}, "320": {"fulltext": "300 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCHAPTER LXX.\\nCONCL USION.\\nA. D. 1881.\\nThe Convention of 1875 resulted in other benefits beyond\\nthe resuscitation of the State University. In the financial\\nprostration consequent upon the late war, a large debt was\\ndue from North Carolina to creditors who held the bonds of\\nthe State. That portion of these bonds which had been issued\\nbefore the war was considered an honorable burden, that should\\nbe discharged by such payment as might be fixed by agree-\\nment, made between the Commissioners representing the State\\nand the bond-holders.\\n2. In this way a compromise was effected, and new bonds\\nhave been issued which embrace a large proportion of what\\nwas honestly due from the State to her creditors. For those\\nwhich were made in defiance of the terms of the Constitution\\nand appropriated almost entirely by dishonest officials, no pro-\\nvision has been made, and probably, will never be.\\n3. When, in 1876, the great quadrennial contest for the\\nPresidency of the Union again recurred, it was rightly con-\\nsidered one of the most momentous crises that had yet\\noccurred in American history. The great issue was as to the\\ncontinuance of State governments. The recent habits of\\nGeneral Grant in his dealing with Southern Commonwealths\\nhad virtually ignored their separate existence. In the strange\\nand unprecedented action of Congress that resulted in the\\nseating of Governor Hayes as President, the Federal troops\\nwere withdrawn and the people of the States left to administer\\ntheir own affairs, and State governments were recognized.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0320.jp2"}, "321": {"fulltext": "CONCLUSION. 301\\n4. Ex-Governor Vance was this year elected over Judge\\nThomas Settle to the Chief Magistracy, as has already been\\nstated. General M. W. Ransom and ex- Judge A. S. Merri-\\nmon were sent to. the United States Senate, in the place of\\nJohn Pool and General J. C. Abbott. Through the efforts of\\nour Congressmen, many needed appropriations by Congress\\nhave been secured to North Carolina, and their result is\\nspecially noticeable in the great improvement of the ship chan-\\nnels of the Cape Fear and other rivers.\\n5. Upon the election of Governor Vance to the United\\nStates Senate, February 8th, 1879, he was succeeded by Lieu-\\ntenant-Governor T. J. Jar vis. The latter had served as a\\nCaptain of the Eighth North Carolina Regiment in the late\\nwar, and subsequently, as Speaker of the House of Represen-\\ntatives. Upon a new election, Chief-Justice William N. H.\\nSmith, John H. Dillard and Thomas S. Ashe were chosen\\nas members of the Supreme Court. After long and illustri-\\nous service, Chief- Justice Pearson had died in 1878, on his\\nway to attend its session in Raleigh.\\n6. The public charities of the State have been enlarged and\\nelevated in their ministrations. The recent adoption of the\\nOrphan Asylum at Oxford as a recipient of the State s\\nbounty, the erection of a colored Deaf and Dumb Asylum, the\\nerection of an hospital for the insane of the colored race, and\\nthe great building at Morgan ton for additional service to white\\nlunatics, are only portions of the recent humanities inaugu-\\nrated by the General Assembly.\\n7. Perhaps in no other respect is such prospect of physical\\nimprovement possible as the development of the mining inter-\\nests of the State. Capital from abroad is flowing in, and from\\nmany counties fresh discoveries of mineral deposits are lead-", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0321.jp2"}, "322": {"fulltext": "302 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\ning to the establishment of companies and firms for the pur-\\npose of working such mines. No other State of the Union\\npresents such a variety of these rich and beautiful gifts of\\nnature. The recent discovery, in the western part of the State,\\nof a new gem, called the Hiddenite, is attracting general\\nattention and increasing the influx of visitors to the romantic\\nscenery of the mountains.\\n8. For years past, it has been evident to intelligent observers\\nthat no bar existed to illimitable progression, both to North\\nCarolina and the great American Republic, except in the sense-\\nless and cruel sectional hostilities. If the people, North and\\nSouth, could only be induced to surrender their mutual dis-\\ntrust and aversion, thereby would disappear the last danger\\nleft to the American people.\\n1881. 9. God has blessed them year by year with over-\\nflowing barns. They are already one of the most numerous\\nand wealthy of all nations; and yet, with so many blessings,\\n.sectional hatred had become the ruling emotion in countless\\nbreasts. Amid such a state of affairs, General James A. Gar-\\nfield became President of the United States. In his great mis-\\nsion of restoring concord to the sections, on the 2d day of\\nJuly he was shot down in Washington by an assassin. The\\nnews of this crime, when flashed over the electric wires, car-\\nNote. Among the minerals of North Carolina are found the following\\nMarl, Iron, Coal, Peat, Limestone, Gold, Copper, Silver, Lead, Zinc, Mica,\\nGraphite, Corundum and Hiddenite; besides Manganese, Kaolin, Fireclay,\\nTalc, Pyrophylite, Whetstone, Grindstone and Millstone grits a great variety\\nof building stones, including Serpentine, Marble, Chromic Iron, Barytes,\\nOilshales, Buhrstone, Roofing Slates, and several precious stones, as Diamond,\\nAgate, Garnet, Sapphire, Ruby, Beryl, and Amethyst.\\nThe first discovery of gold in the United States was in North Carolina,\\nabout 1799, and gold mines were worked in this State as early as 1820,\\ntwenty-seven years before the discovery of gold in California.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0322.jp2"}, "323": {"fulltext": "EXCLUSION. 303\\nried sorrow to the whole civilized world and, of all the cities\\nof the Union, Raleigh was the first to express, by public meet-\\ning, the indignation of her people at the deed. In the weeks\\nof the President s subsequent agony, as he lay bravely and\\nuncomplainingly battling with death, the hearts of the Ameri-\\ncan people were strangely drawn together in the presence\\nof this common national calamity.\\n10. When, on September 10th, it was announced that the\\nlong and painful struggle was ended, and the smitten states-\\nman was at last eased of his agony by death, such grief was\\nseen in all America as had never before been witnessed. In\\nthe presence of such a death all cries of dissension ceased to\\nbe heard, and, as if by some magic power, the universal sym-\\npathy and sorrow have restored concord to all the land, and\\nevery party and race has united in the general mourning.\\n11. With the hope that such a spirit shall ever continue, and\\nwith humble reliance upon the Providence that has hitherto\\nso abundantly blessed them, the citizens of North Carolina,\\nwith one accord, most heartily and sincerely pray. When\\nat some future day, it shall have become necessary to add a\\nnew chapter to this little volume, perhaps all these earnest\\nwishes of our people will have ripened into a joyous reality.\\nQUESTIONS.\\n1. What is said of the State at this period?\\n2. How was a compromise effected in 1875? How does the State con-\\nsider the unconstitutional debts?\\n3. What is said of the Presidential contest of 1876?\\n4. Wliat changes had been made in 1876 in North Carolina public\\nofficers. What appropriations from Congress has North Carolina received\\nthrough efforts of her Senators?\\n5. Who succeeded Governor Vance? Who became Supreme Court\\nJudges?", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0323.jp2"}, "324": {"fulltext": "304 HISTORY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\n6. What mention is made of the public charities?\\n7. What tends greatly to the physical improvement of the State. What\\nis said of North Carolina s mineral wealth\\n8. What has retarded the State s progress?\\n9. What was the condition of this sectional feeling during the late\\nPresidential campaign? What calamity befell the country on July 2d,\\n1881? How did the news of this event affect the whole world?\\n10. When did President Garfield die? What are the concluding reflec-\\ntions upon this great national misfortune?\\n11. What is the sincere desire of every true North Carolina patriot?\\nniiiilNHii,,\\nI III, ..if I!", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0324.jp2"}, "325": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0325.jp2"}, "326": {"fulltext": "REMARKS.\\nThe Constitution of North Carolina is an important instru-\\nment to the people of the State. It contains all the funda-\\nmental principles of our State government and ought to be\\ncarefully read and studied by every citizen of North Carolina.\\nIn order that the boys and girls who study this history\\nmay more thoroughly understand the meaning and provisions\\nof the State Constitution, a series of Questions has been\\nprepared with great care, by a distinguished citizen of the\\nCommonwealth who is well acquainted with the subject.\\nThe pupils will become better informed on this subject if\\nonly short lessons are given to them for preparation. About\\none page of the text will be sufficient for a lesson if properly\\nstudied, and by this means a much greater amount of infor-\\nmation will be retained than if a larger space is rapidly\\npassed over.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0326.jp2"}, "327": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION\\nOF THE\\nSTATE OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nPREAMBLE.\\nWe, the people of the State of North Carolina, grateful to Almighty God,\\nthe Sovereign Ruler of nations, for the preservation of the American Union,\\nand the existence of our civil, political and religious liberties, and acknowl-\\nedging our dependence upon Him for the continuance of those blessings to\\nus and our posterity, do, for the more certain security thereof, and for the\\nbetter government of this State, ordain and establish this Constitution\\nARTICLE I.\\nDECLARATION OF RIGHTS.\\nThat the great, general and essential principles of liberty and free gov-\\nernment may be recognized and established, and that the relations of this\\nState to the Union and government of the United States, and those of\\nthe people of this State to the rest of the American people may be definded\\nand affirmed, we do declare:\\nSection 1. That we hold it to be self-evident that all men are created\\nequal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable\\nrights that among these are life, liberty, the enjoyment of the fruits of their\\nown labor, and the pursuit of happiness.\\nSec. 2. That all political power is vested in, and derived from, the people\\nall government of right originates from the people, is founded upon their\\nwill only, and is instituted solely for the good of the whole.\\nSec. 3. That the people of this State have the inherent, sole and exclu-\\nsive right of regulating the internal government and police thereof, and of\\naltering and abolishing their Constitution and form of government when-\\never it may be necessary for their safety and happiness but every such\\nright should be exercised in pursuance of law, and consistently with the\\nConstitution of the United States.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0327.jp2"}, "328": {"fulltext": "308 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 4. That this State shall ever remain a member of the American\\nUnion; that the people thereof are part of the American Nation; that\\nthere is no right on the part of the State to secede, and that all attempts,\\nfrom whatever source or upon whatever pretext, to dissolve said Union, or\\nto sever said nation, ought to be resisted with the whole power of the\\nState.\\nSec. 5. That every citizen of this State owes paramount allegiance to the\\nConstitution and Government of the United States, and that no law or ordi-\\nnance of the State in contravention or subversion thereof, can have any\\nbinding force.\\nSec. The State shall never assume or pay, or authorize the collection\\nof any debt or obligation, express or implied, incurred in aid of insurrec-\\ntion or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or\\nemancipation of any slave; nor shall the General Assembly assume or\\npay, or authorize the collection of any tax to pay either directly or\\nindirectly, expressed or implied, any debt or bond incurred, or issued,\\nby authority of the Convention of the year one thousand eight hundred\\nand sixty-eight, nor any debt or bond incurred, or issued, by the Legis-\\nlature of the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, either\\nat its special session of the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-\\neight, or at its regular sessions of the years one thousand eight hun-\\ndred and sixty-eight and one thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine,\\nand one thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine and one thousand eight\\nhundred and seventy, except the bonds issued to fund the interest on\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2the old debt of the State, unless the proposing to pay the same shall have\\nfirst been submitted to the people, and by them ratified by the vote of a\\nmajority of all the qualified voters of the State, at a regular election held\\nfor that purpose.\\nSec. 7. No man or set of men are entitled to exclusive or separate\\nemoluments or privileges from the community but in consideration of\\npublic services.\\nSec. 8. The legislative, executive and supreme judicial powers of the\\ngovernment ought to be forever separate and distinct from each other.\\nSec. 9. All power of suspending laws, or the execution of laws, by any\\nauthority, without the consent of the representatives of the people, is inju-\\nrious to their rights, and ought not to be exercised.\\nSec. 10. All elections ought to be free.\\nSec. 11. In all criminal prosecutions, every man has the right to be\\ninformed of the accusation against him and to confront the accusers and", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0328.jp2"}, "329": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 309\\nwitnesses with other testimony, and to have counsel for his defence, and\\nnot he compelled to give evidence against himself, or to pay costs, jail fees,\\nor necessary witness fees of the defence, unless found guilty.\\nSec. 12 No person shall be put to answer any criminal charge, except\\nas hereinafter allowed, but by indictment, presentment or impeachment.\\nSec. 13. No person shall be convicted of any crime, but by the unanimous\\nverdict of a jury of good and lawful men in open court. The Legislature\\nmay, however, provide other means of trial for petty misdemeanors, with\\nthe right of appeal.\\nSec. 14. Excessive bail should not be required, nor excessive fines im-\\nposed, nor cruel or unusual punishments inflicted.\\nSec. 15. General warrants, whereby any officer or messenger may be\\ncommanded to search suspected places, without evidence of the act com-\\nmitted, or to seize any person or persons not named, whose offence is not\\nparticularly described and supported by evidence, are dangerous to liberty,\\nand ought not to be granted.\\nSec. 16. There shall be no imprisonment for debt in this State, except in\\ncases of fraud.\\nSec. 17. No person ought to be taken, imprisoned or disseized of his\\nfreehold, liberties or privileges, or outlawed or exiled, or in any manner\\ndeprived of his life, liberty or property, but by the law of the land.\\nSec. 18. Every person restrained of his liberty is entitled to a remedy\\nto enquire into the lawfulness thereof, and to remove the same, if unlawful\\nand such remedy ought not to be denied or delayed.\\nSec. 19. In all controversies at law respecting property, the ancient mode\\nof trial by jury is one of the best securities of the rights of the people, and\\nought to remain sacred and inviolable.\\nSec. 20. The freedom of the press is one of the great bulwarks of lib-\\nerty, and therefore ought never to be restrained, but every individual shall\\nbe held responsible for the abuse of the same.\\nSec. 21. The privileges of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be sus-\\npended.\\nSec. 22. As political rights and privileges are not dependent upon, or\\nmodified by property, therefore no property qualification ought to affect\\nthe right to vote or hold office.\\nSec. 23. The people of the State ought not to be taxed, or made subject\\nto the payment of any impost or duty, without the consent of themselves,\\nor their representatives in General Assembly, freely given.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0329.jp2"}, "330": {"fulltext": "310 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 24. A well regulated militia being necessary to the security of a\\nfree State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be\\ninfringed and, as standing armies in time of peace are dangerous to lib-\\nerty, they ought not to be kept up, and the military should be kept under\\nstrict subordination to, and governed by, the civil power. Nothing herein\\ncontained shall justify the practice of carrying concealed weapons, or pre-\\nvent the Legislature from enacting penal statutes against said practice.\\nSec. 25. The people have a right to assemble together to consult for their\\ncommon good, to instruct their representatives, and to apply to the Legis-\\nlature for redress of grievances. But secret political societies are danger-\\nous to the liberties of a free people, and should not be tolerated.\\nSec. 26. A1J men have a natural and unalienated right to worship\\nAlmighty God according to the dictates of their own consciences, and no\\nhuman authority should, in any case whatever, control or interfere with\\nthe rights of conscience.\\nSec. 27. The people have the right to the privilege of education, and it\\nis the duty of the State to guard and maintain that right.\\nSec. 28. For redress of grievances, and for amending and strengthening\\nthe laws, elections should be often held.\\nSec. 29. A frequent recurrence to fundamental principles is absolutely\\nnecessary to preserve the blessings of liberty.\\nSec. 30. No hereditary emoluments, privileges or honors ought to be\\ngranted or conferred in this State.\\nSec. 31. Perpetuities and monopolies are contrary to the genius of a free\\nState, and ought not to be allowed.\\nSec. 32. Ketrospective laws, punishing acts committed before the exist-\\nence of such laws, and by them only declared criminal, are oppressive,\\nunjust and incompatible with liberty, wherefore no ex post facto law ought\\nto be made. No law taxing retrospectively sales, purchases, or other acts\\npreviously done, ought to be passed.\\nSec. 33. Slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than for crime,\\nwhereof the parties shall have been duly convicted, shall be, and are hereby,\\nforever prohibited within the State.\\nSec. 34. The limits and boundaries of the State shall be and remain as\\nthey now are.\\nSec. 35. All courts shall be open; and every person for an injury done\\nhim in his lands, goods, person or reputation, shall have remedy by due\\ncourse of law, and right and justice administered without sale, denial or\\ndelav.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0330.jp2"}, "331": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 311\\nSec. 36. No soldier shall in time of peace be quartered in any house\\nwithout the consent of the owner; nor in time of war, but in a manner\\nprescribed by law.\\nSec. 37. This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or\\ndeny others retained by the people; and all powers not herein delegated\\nremain with the people.\\nARTICLE II.\\nLEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT.\\nSection 1. The legislative authority shall be vested in two distinct\\nbranches, both dependent on the people, to-wit: A Senate and House of\\nRepresentatives.\\nSec. 2. The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet biennially\\non the first Wednesday after the first Monday in January next after their\\nelection; and when assembled shall be denominated the General Assembly.\\nNeither House shall proceed upon public business unless a majority of all\\nthe members are actually present.\\nSec. 3. The Senate shall be composed of fifty Senators, biennially chosen\\nby ballot.\\nSec. 4. The Senate Districts shall be so altered by the General Assembly,\\nat the first session after the return of every enumeration by order of Con-\\ngress, that each Senate District shall contain, as near as may be, an equal\\nnumber of inhabitants, excluding aliens and Indians not taxed, and shall\\nremain unaltered until the return of another enumeration, and shall at all\\ntimes consist of contiguous territory; and no county shall be divided in\\nthe formation of a Senate District, unless such county shall be equitably\\nentitled to two or more Senators.\\nSec. o. The House of Representatives shall be composed of one hundred\\nand twenty Representatives, biennially chosen by ballot, to be elected by\\nthe counties respectively, according to their population, and each county\\nshall have at least one Representative in the House of Representatives,\\nalthough it may not contain the requisite ratio of representation; this\\napportionment shall be made by the General Assembly at the respective\\ntimes and periods when the districts for the Senate are hereinbefore\\ndirected to be laid off.\\nSec. 6. In making the apportionment in the House of Representatives,\\nthe ratio of representation shall be ascertained by dividing the amount of the", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0331.jp2"}, "332": {"fulltext": "312 APPENDIX.\\npopulation of the State, exclusive of that comprehended within those counties\\nwhich do not severally contain the one hundred and twentieth part of the\\npopulation of the State, by the number of Representatives, less the number\\nassigned to such counties; and in ascertaining the number of the popula-\\ntion of the State, aliens and Indians not taxed shall not be included. To\\neach county containing the said ratio, and not twice the said ratio, there\\nshall be assigned one Representative; to each county containing twice but\\nnot three times the said ratio, there shall be assigned two Representatives,\\nand so on progressively, and then the remaining Representatives shall be\\nassigned severally to the counties having the largest fractions.\\nSec. 7. Each member of the Senate shall not be less than twenty-five\\nyears of age, shall have resided in the State as a citizen two years, and\\nshall have usually resided in the district for which he is chosen, one year\\nimmediately preceding his election.\\nSec. 8. Each member of the House of Representatives shall be a quali-\\nfied elector of the State, and shall have resided in the county for which he\\nis chosen, for one year immediately preceding his election:\\nSec. 9. In the election of all officers, whose appointment shall be con-\\nferred upon the General Assembly by the Constitution, the vote shall be\\nviva voce.\\nSec. 10. The General Assembly shall have power to pass general laws\\nregulating divorce and alimony, but shall not have power to grant a divorce\\nor secure alimony in any individual case.\\nSec. 11. The General Assembly shall not have power to pass any private\\nlaw to alter the name of any person or to legitimate any person not born\\nin lawful wedlock, or to restore to the rights of citizenship any person con-\\nvicted of an infamous crime, but shall have power to pass general laws\\nregulating the same.\\nSec. 12. The General Assembly shall not pass any private law, unless it\\nshall be made to appear thirty days notice of application to pass such a\\nlaw shall have been given, under such directions and in such manner as\\nshall be provided by law.\\nSec 13. If vacancies shall occur in the General Assembly by death,\\nresignation or otherwise, writs of election shall be issued by the Governor\\nunder such regulations as may be prescribed by law.\\nSec. 14. No law shall be passed to raise monev on the credit of the\\nState, or to pledge the faith of the State, directly or indirectly, for the pay-\\nment of any debt, or to impose any tax upon the people of the State, or to\\nallow the counties, cities or towns to do so, unless the bill for the purpose", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0332.jp2"}, "333": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 313\\nshall have been read three several times in each House of the General\\nAssembly, and passed three several readings, which readings shall have\\nbeen on three different days, and agreed to by each House respectively, and\\nunless the yeas and nays on the second and third reading of the bill shall\\nhave been entered on the journal.\\nSec. 15. The General Assembly shall regulate entails in such manner as\\nto prevent perpetuities.\\nSec. 16. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, which shall\\nbe printed and made public immediately after the adjournment of the\\nGeneral Assembly.\\nSec. 17. Any member of either House may dissent from, and protest\\nagainst, any act or resolve, which he may think injurious to the public, or\\nany individual, and have the reason of his dissent entered on the journal.\\nSec. 18. The House of Representatives shall choose their own Speaker\\nand other officers.\\nSec. 19. The Lieutenant Governor shall preside in the Senate, but shall\\nhave no vote unless it may be equally divided.\\nSec. 20. The Senate shall choose its other officers and also a Speaker\\n{pro tempore) in the absence of the Lieutenant Governor, or when he shall\\nexercise the office of Governor.\\nSec. 21. The style of the acts shall be: The General Assembly of\\nNorth Carolina do enact.\\nSec. 22. Each House shall be judge of the qualifications and elections of\\nits own members, shall sit upon its own adjournment from day to day, pre-\\npare bills to be passed into laws; and the two Houses may also jointly\\nadjourn to any future day, or other place.\\nSec. 23. All bills and resolutions of a legislative nature shall be read\\nthree times in each House, before they pass into laws; and shall be signed\\nby the presiding officers of both Houses.\\nSec. 24. Each member of the General Assembly, before taking his seat,\\nshall take an oath or affirmation, that he will support the Constitution and\\nlaws of the United States, and the Constitution of the State of North Caro-\\nlina, and will faithfully discharge his duty as a member of the Senate or\\nHouse of Representatives.\\nSec. 25. The terms of office for Senators and members of the House of\\nRepresentatives shall commence at the time of their election.\\nSec. 26. Upon motion made and seconded in either House, by one-fifth\\nof the members present, the yeas and nays upon any question shall be taken\\nand entered upon the journals. 40", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0333.jp2"}, "334": {"fulltext": "314 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 27. The election for members of the General Assembly shall be\\nheld for the respective districts and counties, at the places where they are\\nnow held, or may be directed hereafter to be held, in such manner as may\\nbe prescribed by law, on the first Thursday in August, in the year one\\nthousand eight hundred and seventy, and every two years thereafter. But\\nthe General Assembly may change the time of holding the elections.\\nSec. 28. The members of the General Assembly for the term for which\\nthey have been elected, shall receive as a compensation for their services\\nthe sum of four dollars per day for each day of their session, for a period\\nnot exceeding sixty days; and should they remain longer in session, they\\nshall serve without compensation. They shall also be entitled to receive\\nten cents per mile, both while coming to the seat of government and while\\nreturning home, the said distance to be computed by the nearest line or\\nroute of public travel. The compensation of the presiding officers of the\\ntwo Houses shall be six dollars per day and mileage. Should an extra\\nsession of the General Assembly be called, the members and presiding\\nofficers shall receive a like rate of compensation for a period not exceeding\\ntwent} 7 days.\\nARTICLE III.\\nEXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.\\nSection 1. The Executive Department shall consist of a Governor, in\\nwhom shall be vested the supreme executive power of the State, a Lieu-\\ntenant Governor, a Secretary of State, an Auditor, a Treasurer, a Superin-\\ntendent of Public Instruction, and an Attorney General, who shall be\\nelected for a term of four years, by the qualified eiectors of the State, at\\nthe same time and place, and in the same manner as members of the Gen-\\neral Assembly are elected. Their term of office shall commence on the\\nfirst day of January next after their election, and continue until their suc-\\ncessors are elected and qualified: Provided, That the officers first elected\\nshall assume the duties of their office ten days after the approval of this\\nConstitution by the Congress of the United States, and shall hold their\\noffices four years from after the first day of January.\\nSec. 2. No person shall be eligible as Governor or Lieutenant Governor,\\nunless he shall have attained the age of thirty years, shall have been a\\ncitizen of the United States five years, and shall have been a resident of\\nthis State for two years next before the election; nor shall the person", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0334.jp2"}, "335": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 315\\nelected to either of these two offices be eligible to the same office more than\\nfour years in any term of eight years, unless the office shall have been cast\\nupon him as Lieutenant Governor or President of the Senate.\\nSec. 3. The return of every election for officers of the Executive Depart-\\nment shall be sealed up and transmitted to the seat of government by the\\nreturning officers, directed to the Speaker of the House of Representatives,\\nwho shall open and publish the same in the presence of a majority of the\\nmembers of both Houses of the General Assembly. The persons having\\nthe highest number of votes respectively shall be declared duly elected;\\nbut if two or more be equal and highest in votes for the same office, then\\none of them shall be chosen by joint ballot of both Houses of the General\\nAssembly. Contested elections shall be determined by a joint ballot of\\nboth Houses of the General Assembly, in such manner as shall be pre-\\nscribed by law.\\nSec. 4. The Governor, before entering upon the duties of his office, shall,\\nin the presence of the members of both branches of the General Assembly,\\nor before any Justice of the Supreme Court, take an oath or affirmation\\nthat he will support the Constitution and laws of the United States, and of\\nthe State of North Carolina, and that he will faithfully perform the duties\\nappertaining to the office of Governor to which he has been elected.\\nSec. 5. The Governor shall reside at the seat of government of this State,\\nand he shall, from time to time, give the General Assembly information of\\nthe affairs of the State, and recommend to their consideration such meas-\\nures as he shall deem expedient.\\nSec. 6. The Governor shall have power to grant reprieves, commutations\\nand pardons, after conviction, for all offences (except in cases of impeach-\\nment), upon such conditions as he may think proper, subject to such regu-\\nlations as may be provided by law relative to the manner of applying for\\npardons. He shall biennially communicate to the General Assembly each\\ncase of reprieve, commutation or pardon granted, stating the name of each\\nconvict, the crime for which he was convicted, the sentence and its date,\\nthe date of commutation, pardon or reprieve, and the reasons therefor.\\nSec. 7. The officers of the Executive Department and of the public\\ninstitutions of the State, shall, at least five days previous to each regular\\nsession of the General Assembly, severally report to the Governor, who\\nshall transmit such reports, with his message, to the General Assembly\\nand the Governor may, at any time, require information in writing from\\nthe officers in the Executive Department upon any subject relating to the\\nduties of their respective offices, and shall take care that the laws be\\nfaithfully executed.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0335.jp2"}, "336": {"fulltext": "316 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 8. The Governor shall be Commander-in-Chief of the militia of\\nthe State, except when they shall be called into the service of the United\\nStates.\\nSec. 9. The Governor shall have power on extraordinary occasions, by\\nand with the advice of the Council of State, to convene the General As-\\nsembly in extra session by his proclamation, stating therein the purpose or\\npurposes for which they are thus convened.\\nSec. 10. The Governor shall nominate, and by and with the advice and\\nconsent of a majority of the Senators elect, appoint all officers, whose\\noffices are established by this Constitution, and whose appointments are not\\notherwise provided for.\\nSec. 11. The Lieutenant Governor shall be President of the Senate, but\\nshall have no vote unless the Senate be equally divided. He shall, whilst\\nacting as President of the Senate, receive for his services the same pay\\nwhich shall, for the same period, be allowed to the Speaker of the House\\nof Representatives; and he shall receive no other compensation except\\nwhen he is acting as Governor.\\nSec. 12. In case of the impeachment of the Governor, his failure to\\nqualify, his absence from the State, his inability to discharge the duties\\nof his office, or, in case the office of Governor shall in anywise become\\nvacant, the powers, duties and emoluments of the office shall devolve upon\\nthe Lieutenant Governor until the disabilities shall cease, or a new Gov-\\nernor shall be elected and qualified. In every case in which the Lieu-\\ntenant Governor shall be unable to preside over the Senate, the Senators\\nshall elect one of their own number President of their body; and the\\npowers, duties and emoluments of the office of Governor shall devolve\\nupon him whenever the Lieutenant Governor shall, for any reason be pre-\\nvented from discharging the duties of such office as above provided, and he\\nshall continue as acting-Governor until the disabilities are removed, or a\\nnew Governor or Lieutenant Governor shall be elected and qualified.\\nWhenever, during the recess of the General Assembly, it shall become\\nnecessary for the President of the Senate to administer the government, the\\nSecretary of State shall convene the Senate, that they may elect such\\nPresident.\\nSec. 13. The respective duties of the Secretary of State, Auditor, Treas-\\nurer, Superintendent of Public Instruction and Attorney General, shall be\\nprescribed by law. If the office of any of the officers shall be vacated\\nby death, resignation or otherwise, it shall be the duty of the Governor to\\nappoint another until the disability be removed or his successor be elected", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0336.jp2"}, "337": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 317\\nand qualified. Every such vacancy shall be filled by election at the first\\ngeneral election that occurs more than thirty days after the vacancy has\\ntaken place, and the person chosen shall hold the office for the remainder\\nof the unexpired term fixed in the first section of this Article.\\nSeo. 14. The Secretary of State, Auditor, Treasurer and Superintendent\\nof Public Instruction shall constitute, ex officio, the Council of State, who\\nshall advise the Governor in the execution of his office, and three of whom\\nshall constitute a quorum; their advice and proceedings in this capacity,\\nshall be entered in a journal to be kept for this purpose exclusively,\\nand signed by the members present, from any part of which any member\\nmay enter his dissent; and such journal shall be placed before the General\\nAssembly when called for by either House. The Attorney General shall\\nbe, ex officio, the legal adviser of the Executive Department.\\nSec. 15. The officers mentioned in this Article shall, at stated periods,\\nreceive for their services a compensation to be established by law, which\\nshall neither be increased nor diminished during the time for which they\\nshall have been elected, and the said officers shall receive no other emolu-\\nment or allowance.\\nSec. 16. There shall be a seal of the State, which shall be kept by the\\nGovernor, and used by him, as occasion may require, and shall be called\\nthe Great Seal of the State of North Carolina. All grants and commis-\\nsions shall be issued in the name and by the authority of the State of North\\nCarolina, sealed with the Great Seal of the State, signed by the Governor\\nand countersigned by the Secretary of State.\\nSec. 17. The General Assembly shall establish a Department of Agri-\\nculture, Immigration and Statistics, under such regulations as may best\\npromote the agricultural interests of the State, and shall enact laws for the\\nadequate protection and encouragement of sheep husbandry.\\nARTICLE IV.\\nJUDICIAL DEPARTMENT.\\nSection 1. The distinctions between actions at law and suits in equity,\\nand the forms of all such actions and suits, shall be abolished; and there\\nshall be in this State but one form of action, for the enforcement or protec-\\ntion of private rights or the redress of private wrongs, which shall be\\ndenominated a civil action; and every action prosecuted by the people of", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0337.jp2"}, "338": {"fulltext": "318 APPENDIX.\\nthe State as a party, against a person charged with a public offence, for the\\npunishment of the same, shall be termed a criminal action. Feigned issues\\nshall also be abolished, and the fact at issue tried by order of Court before\\na jury.\\nSec. 2. The judicial power of the State shall be vested in a Court for the\\ntrial of Impeachments, a Supreme Court, Superior Courts, Courts of Jus-\\ntices of the Peace, and such other courts inferior to the Supreme Court as\\nmay be established by law.\\nSec. 3. The Court for the trial of Impeachments shall be the Senate. A\\nmajority of the members shall be necessary to a quorum, and the judgment\\nshall not extend beyond removal from, and disqualification to hold office\\nin this State but the party shall be liable to indictment and punishment\\naccording to law.\\nSec. 4. The House of Eepresentatives solely shall have the power of\\nimpeaching. No person shall be convicted without the concurrence of two-\\nthirds of the Senators present. When the Governor is impeached the\\nChief Justice shall preside.\\nSec. 5. Treason against the State shall consist only in levying war\\nagainst it, or adhering to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No\\nperson shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two wit-\\nnesses to the same overt act, or on confesssion in open court, No convic-\\ntion of treason or attainder shall work corruption of blood or forfeiture.\\nSec. 6. The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and two\\nAssociate Justices.\\nSec. 7. The terms of the Supreme Court shall be held in the City of\\nRaleigh, as now, until otherwise provided by the General Assembly.\\nSec. 8. The Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction to review, upon\\nappeal, any decision of the courts below, upon any matter of law or legal\\ninference. And the jurisdiction of said Court over issues of fact and\\nquestions of fact shall be the same exercised by it before the adoption of\\nthe Constitution of one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, and the\\nCourt shall have the power to issue any remedial writs necessary to give it\\na general supervision and control over the proceedings of the inferior\\nCourts.\\nSec. 9. The Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction to hear\\nclaims against the State, but its decisions shall be merely recommendatory;\\nno process in the nature of execution shall issue thereon they shall be\\nreported to the next session of the General Assembly for its action.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0338.jp2"}, "339": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 319\\nSec. 10. The State shall be divided into nine judicial districts, for each\\nof which a Judge shall he chosen; and there shall he held a Superior Court\\nin each county at least twice in each year, to continue for such time in each\\ncounty as may be prescribed by law. But the General Assembly may\\nreduce or increase the number of districts.\\nSec. 11. Every Judge of the Superior Court shall reside in the district\\nfor which he is elected. The Judges shall preside in the Courts of the\\ndifferent districts successively, but no Judge shall hold the Courts in the\\nsame district oftener than once in four years; but in the case of the pro-\\ntracted illness of the Judge assigned to preside in any district, or of any\\nother unavoidable accident to him, by reason of which he shall be unable\\nto preside, the Governor may require any Judge to hold one or more speci-\\nfied terms in said district, in lieu of the Judge assigned to hold the Courts\\nof the said district.\\nSec. 12. The General Assembly shall have no power to deprive the\\nJudicial Department of any power or jurisdiction which rightfully pertains\\nto it as a co-ordinate department of the government; but the General\\nAssembly shall allot and distribute that portion of this power and jurisdic-\\ntion, which does not pertain to the Supreme Court, among the other courts\\nprescribed in this Constitution or which may be established by law, in such\\nmanner as it may deem best provide also a\u00c2\u00abproper system of appeals and\\nregulate by law, when necessary, the methods of proceeding in the exercise\\nof their powers, of all the courts below the Supreme Court, so far as\\nthe same may be done without conflict with other provisions of this Consti-\\ntution.\\nSec. 13. In all issues of fact, joined in any court, the parties may waive\\nthe right to have the same determined by a jury; in which case the finding\\nof the Judge upon the facts shall have the force and effect of a verdict by\\na jury.\\nSec. 14. The General Assembly shall provide for the establishment of\\nSpecial Courts, for the trial of misdemeanors, in cities and towns, where\\nthe same may be necessary.\\nSec. 15. The Clerk of the Supreme Court shall be appointed by the\\nCourt, and shall hold his office for eight years.\\nSec. 16. A Clerk of the Superior Court for each county shall be elected\\nby the qualified voters thereof, at the time and in the manner prescribed\\nby law for the election of members of the General Assembly.\\nSec. 17. Clerks of the Superior Courts shall hold their offices for four\\nyears.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0339.jp2"}, "340": {"fulltext": "320 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 18. The General Assembly shall prescribe and regulate the fees,\\nsalaries and emoluments of all officers provided for in this Article but the\\nsalaries of the Judges shall not be diminished during their continuance in\\noffice.\\nSec. 19. The laws of North Carolina, not repugnant to this Constitution,\\nor the Constitution and laws of the United States, shall be in force until\\nlawfully altered.\\nSec. 20. Actions at law, and suits in equity, pending when this Constitu-\\ntion shall go into effect, shall be transferred to the Courts having jurisdic-\\ntion thereof, without prejudice by reason of the change; and all such\\nactions and suits commenced before, and pending at the adoption by the\\nGeneral Assembly of the rules of practice and procedure herein provided\\nfor, shall be heard and determined according to the practice now in use,\\nunless otherwise provided for by said rules.\\nSec. 21. The Justices of the Supreme Court shall be elected by the quali-\\nfied voters of the State, as is provided for the election of members of the\\nGeneral Assembly. They shall hold their offices for eight years. The\\nJudges of the Superior Courts, elected at the first election under this\\namendment, shall be elected in like manner as is provided for Justices of\\nthe Supreme Court, and shall hold their offices for eight years. The Gen-\\neral Assembly may, from time to time, provide by law that the Judges of\\nthe Superior Courts, chosen at succeeding elections, instead of being elected\\nby the voters of the whole State, as is herein provided for, shall be elected\\nby the voters of their respective districts.\\nSec. 22. The Superior Courts shall be, at all times, open for the transac-\\ntion of all business within their jurisdiction, except the trial of issues of\\nfact requiring a jury.\\nSec. 23. A Solicitor shall be elected for each Judicial District by the\\nqualified voters thereof, as is prescribed for members of the General\\nAssembly, who shall hold office for the term of four years, and prosecute\\non behalf of the State, in all criminal actions in the Superior Courts, and\\nadvise the officers of justice in his district.\\nSec. 24. In each county a Sheriff and Coroner shall be elected by the\\nqualified voters thereof, as is prescribed for members of the General Assem-\\nbly, and shall hold their offices for two years. In each township there\\nshall be a Constable elected in like manner by the voters thereof, who shall\\nhold his office for two years. When there is no Coroner in the county,\\nthe Clerk of the Superior Court for the county may appoint one for special", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0340.jp2"}, "341": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 321\\neases. In case of a vacancy existing for any cause, in any of the offices\\ncreated by this section, the Commissioners for the county may appoint to\\nsuch office for the unexpired term.\\nSec. 25. All vacancies occurring in the offices provided for by this\\nArticle of the Constitution shall be filled by the appointments of the Gov-\\nernor, unless otherwise provided for, and the appointees shall hold their\\nplaces until the next regular election for members of the General Assem-\\nbly, when elections shall be held to fill such offices. If any person, elected\\nor appointed to any of said offices, shall neglect and fail to qualify, such\\noffice shall be appointed to, held and filled as provided in case of vacancies\\noccurring therein. All incumbents of said offices shall hold until their\\nsuccessors are qualified.\\nSec. 26. The officers elected at the first election held under this Consti-\\ntution shall hold their offices for the terms prescribed for them respectively,\\nnext ensuing after the next regular election for members of the General\\nAssembly. But their terms shall begin upon the approval of this Consti-\\ntution by the Congress of the United States.\\nSec. 27. The several Justices of the Peace shall have jurisdiction, under\\nsuch regulations as the General Assembly shall prescribe, of civil actions\\nfounded on contract, wherein the sum demanded shall not exceed two hun-\\ndred dollars, and wherein the title to real estate shall not be in contro-\\nversy; and of all criminal matters arising within their counties where the\\npunishment cannot exceed a fine of fifty dollars, or imprisonment for thirty\\ndays. And the General Assembly may give to Justices of the Peace juris-\\ndiction of other civil actions, wherein the value of the property in contro-\\nversy does not exceed fifty dollars. When an issue of fact may be joined\\nbefore a Justice, on demand of either party thereto, he shall cause a jury\\nof six men to be summoned, who shall try the same. The party against\\nwhom judgment shall be rendered in any civil action, may appeal to the\\nSuperior Court from the same. In all cases of a criminal nature, the party\\nagainst whom judgment is given may appeal to the Superior Court, where\\nthe matter shall be heard anew. In all cases brought before a justice, he\\nshall make a record of the proceedings, and file the same with the Clerk\\nof the Superior Court for his county.\\nSec. 28. When the office of Justice of the Peace shall become vacant\\notherwise than by expiration of the term, and in case of a failure by the\\nvoters of any district to elect, the Clerk of the Superior Court for the\\ncounty shall appoint to fill the vacancy for the unexpired term.\\n41", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0341.jp2"}, "342": {"fulltext": "322 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 29. In case the office of Clerk of a Superior Court for a county shall\\nbecome vacant otherwise than by the expiration of the term, and in case of\\na failure by the people to elect, the Judge of the Superior Court for the\\ncounty shall appoint to fill the vacancy until an election can be regularly\\nheld.\\nSec. 30. In case the General Assembly shall establish other courts infe-\\nrior to the Supreme Court, the presiding officers and clerks thereof shall\\nbe elected in such manner as the General Assembly may from time to time\\nprescribe, and they shall hold their offices for a term not exceeding eight\\nyears.\\nSec. 31. Any Judge of the Supreme Court, or of the Superior Courts,\\nand the presiding officers of such courts inferior to the Supreme Court, as\\nmay be established by law, may be removed from office for mental or physi-\\ncal inability, upon a concurrent resolution of two-thirds of both Houses of\\nthe General Assembly. The Judge or presiding officer against whom the\\nGeneral Assembly may be about to proceed, shall receive notice thereof,\\naccompanied by a copy of the causes alleged for his removal, at least\\ntwenty days before the day on which either House of the General Assem-\\nbly shall act thereon.\\nSec. 32. Any Clerk of the Supreme Court, or of the Superior Courts, or\\nof such courts inferior to the Supreme Court, as may be established by\\nlaw, may be removed from office for mental or physical inability the\\nClerk of the Supreme Court by the Judges of said courts, the Clerks of\\nthe Superior Courts by the Judge riding the district, and the Clerks of\\nsuch courts inferior to the Supreme Court, as may be established by\\nlaw, by the presiding officers of said courts. The Clerk against whom pro-\\nceedings are instituted, shall receive notice thereof, accompanied by a\\ncopy of the causes alleged for his removal, at least ten days before the day\\nappointed to act thereon, and the Clerk shall be entitled to an appeal to\\nthe next term of the Superior Court, and thence to the Supreme Court, as\\nprovided in other cases of appeals.\\nSec. 33. The amendments made to the Constitution of North Carolina by\\nthis Convention shall not have the effect to vacate any office or term of\\noffice now existing under the Constitution of the State, and filled, or held,\\nby virtue of any election or appointment under the said Constitution, and\\nthe laws of the State made in pursuance thereof.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0342.jp2"}, "343": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 323\\nARTICLE V.\\nREVENUE AND TAXATION.\\nSection 1. The General Assembly shall levy a capitation tax on every\\nmale inhabitant of the State over twenty-one and under fifty years of age,\\nwhich shall be equal on each to the tax on property valued at three hun-\\ndred dollars in cash. The Commissioners of the several counties may\\nexempt from capitation tax in special cases, on account of poverty and\\ninfirmity, and the State and county capitation tax combined shall never\\nexceed two dollars on the head.\\nSec. 2. The proceeds of the State and county capitation tax shall be\\napplied to the purposes of education and the support of the poor, but in no\\none year shall more than twenty-five per cent, thereof be appropriated to\\nthe latter purpose.\\nSec. 3. Laws shall be passed taxing, by a uniform rule, all moneys,\\ncredits, investments in bonds, stocks, joint-stock companies or otherwise;\\nand, also, all real and personal property, according to its true value in\\nmoney. The General Assembly may also tax trades, professions, franchises,\\nand incomes, provided that no income shall be taxed when the property\\nfrom which the income is derived is taxed.\\nSec. 4. Until the bonds of the State shall be at par, the General Assem-\\nbly shall have no power to contract any new debt or pecuniary obligation in\\nbehalf of the State, except to supply a casual deficit, or for suppressing\\ninvasion or insurrection, unless it shall in the same bill levy a special tax-\\nto pay the interest annually. And the General Assembly shall have no\\npower to give or lend the credit of the State in aid of any person, associa-\\ntion, or corporation, except to aid in the completion of such railroads as\\nmay be unfinished at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, or in\\nwhich the State has a direct pecuniary interest, unless the subject be sub-\\nmitted to a direct vote of the people of the State, and be approved by a\\nmajority of those who shall vote thereon.\\nSec. 5. Property belonging to the State or to municipal corporations,\\nshall be exempt from taxation. The General Assembly may exempt ceme-\\nteries, and property held for educational, scientific, literary, charitable, or\\nreligious purposes; also, wearing apparel, arms for muster, household and\\nkitchen furniture, the mechanical and agricultural implements of mechanics\\nand farmers; libraries and scientific instruments, or any other personal\\nproperty, to a value not exceeding three hundred dollars.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0343.jp2"}, "344": {"fulltext": "324 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 6. The taxes levied by the Commissioners of the several counties for\\ncounty purposes, shall be levied in like manner with the State taxes, and\\nshall never exceed the double of the State taxes, except for a special pur-\\npose, and with the special approval of the General Assembly.\\nSec. 7. Every act of the General Assembly levying a tax, shall state the\\nspecial object to which it is to be applied, and it shall be applied to no\\nother purpose.\\nARTICLE VI.\\nSUFFRAGE AND ELIGIBILITY TO OFFICE.\\nSection 1. Every male person born in the United States, and every male\\nperson who has been naturalized, twenty-one years old or upward, who\\nshall have resided in the State twelve months next preceding the election,\\nand ninety days in the county in which he offers to vote, shall be deemed\\nan elector. But no person, who, upon conviction or confession in open\\ncourt, shall be adjudged guilty of felony, or any other crime infamous by\\nthe laws of this State, and hereafter committed, shall be deemed an elector,\\nunless such person shall be restored to the rights of citizenship in a man-\\nner prescribed by law.\\nSec. 2. It shall be the duty of the General Assembly to provide, from\\ntime to time, for the registration of all electors and no person shall be allowed\\nto vote without registration, or to register, without first taking an oath or\\naffirmation to support and maintain the Constitution and laws of the United\\nStates, and the Constitution and laws of North Carolina not inconsistent\\ntherewith.\\nSec. 3. All elections by the people shall be by ballot, and all elections\\nby the General Assembly shall be viva voce.\\nSec. 4. Every voter, except as hereinafter provided, shall be eligible to\\noffice but before entering upon the discharge of the duties of his office, he\\nshall take and subscribe the following oath: I, do solemnly\\nswear (or affirm) that I will support and maintain the Constitution and\\nlaws of the United States, and the Constitution and laws of North Carolina\\nnot inconsistent therewith, and that I will faithfully discharge the duties\\nof my office. So help me God.\\nSec. 5. The following classes of persons shall be disqualified for office\\nFirst, All persons who shall deny the being of Almighty God. Second,", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0344.jp2"}, "345": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 325\\nAll persons who shall have been convicted of treason, perjury, or of any\\nother infamous crime, since becoming citizens of the United States, or of\\ncorruption, or mal-practice in office, unless such person shall have been\\nlegally restored to the rights of citizenship.\\nARTICLE VII.\\nMUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS.\\nSection 1. In each county, there shall be elected biennially by the quali-\\nfied voters thereof, as provided for the election of members of the General\\nAssembly, the following officers: a Treasurer, Register of Deeds, Surveyor\\nand five Commissioners.\\nSec. 2. It shall be the duty of the Commissioners to exercise a general\\nsupervision and control of the penal and charitable institutions, schools,\\nroads, bridges, levying of taxes and finances of the county, as may be pre-\\nscribed by law. The Register of Deeds shall be, ex officio, Clerk of the\\nBoard of Commissioners.\\nSec. 3. It shall be the duty of the Commissioners first elected in each\\ncounty, to divide the same into convenient districts, to determine the\\nboundaries and prescribe the name of the said districts, and to report the\\nsame to the General Assembly before the first day of January, one thousand\\neight hundred and sixty-nine.\\nSec. 4. Upon the approval of the reports provided for in the foregoing\\nsection, by the General Assembly, the said districts shall have corporate\\npowers for the necessary purposes of local government, and shall be known\\nas townships.\\nSec. 5. In each township there shall be biennially elected, by the quali-\\nfied voters thereof, a Clerk and two Justices of the Peace, who shall con-\\nstitute a Board of Trustees, and shall, under the supervision of the county\\nCommissioners, have control of the taxes and finances, roads and bridges\\nof the townships, as may be prescribed by law. The Generally Assembly\\nmay provide for the election of a larger number of the Justices of the\\nPeace in cities and towns, and in those townships in which cities and towns\\nare situated. In every township there shall also be biennially elected a\\nSchool Committee, consisting of three persons, whose duty shall be pre-\\nscribed by law.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0345.jp2"}, "346": {"fulltext": "326 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 6. The Township Board of Trustees shall assess the taxable\\nproperty of their townships and make return to the County Commissioners\\nfor revision, as may be prescribed by law. The Clerk shall be, ex officio,\\ntreasurer of the township.\\nSec. 7. No county, city, town, or other municipal corporation shall con-\\ntract any debt, pledge its faith, or loan its credit, nor shall any tax be\\nlevied, or collected by any officers of the same, except for the necessary\\nexpenses thereof, unless by a vote of the majority of the qualified voters\\ntherein.\\nSec. 8. No money shall be drawn from any county or township treasury,\\nexcept by authority of law.\\nSec. 9. All taxes levied by any county, city, town, or township, shall be\\nuniform and ad valorem, upon all property in the same, except property\\nexempted by this constitution.\\nSec. 10. The county officers first elected under the provisions of this\\nArticle, shall enter upon their duties ten days after the approval of this\\nConstitution by the Congress of the United States.\\nSec. 11. The Governor shall appoint a sufficient number of Justices of\\nthe Peace in each couhty, who shall hold their places until sections four,\\nfive and six of this Article shall have been carried into effect.\\nSec. 12. All charters, ordinances and provisions relating to municipal\\ncorporations shall remain in force until legally changed, unless inconsistent\\nwith the provisions of this Constitution.\\nSec. 13. No county, city, town or other municipal corporation shall assume\\nto pay, nor shall any tax be levied or collected for the payment of any debt,\\nor the interest upon any debt, contracted directly or indirectly in aid or\\nsupport of the rebellion.\\nSec. 14. The General Assembly shall have full power by statute to\\nmodify, change, or abridge any and all of the provisions of this Article, and\\nsubstitute others in their place, except sections seven, nine and thirteen.\\nAETICLE VIII.\\nCORPORATIONS OTHER THAN MUNICIPAL.\\nSection 1. Corporations may be formed under general laws, but shall\\nnot be created by special act, except for municipal purposes, and in cases", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0346.jp2"}, "347": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 327\\nwhere, in the judgmentof the Legislature, the object of the corporations\\ncannot be attained under general laws. All general laws and special acts,\\npassed pursuant to this section, may he altered from time to time, or\\nrepealed.\\nSec. 2. Dues from corporations shall be secured by such individual lia-\\nbilities of the corporations and other means, as may be prescribed by law.\\nSec. 3. The term corporation, as used in this Article, shall be construed\\nto include all associations and joint-stock companies, having any of the\\npowers and privileges of corporations, not possessed by individuals or part-\\nnerships. And all corporations shall have the right to sue, and shall be\\nsubject to be sued in all courts, in like cases as natural persons.\\nSec. 4. It shall be the duty of the Legislature to provide for the organi-\\nzation of cities, towns and incorporated villages, and to restrict their power\\nof taxation, assessment, borrowing money, contracting debts and loaning\\ntheir credit, so as to prevent abuses in assessment and in contracting debts\\nby such municipal corporations.\\nARTICLE IX.\\nEDUCATION.\\nSection 1. Religion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good\\ngovernment and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of educa-\\ntion shall forever be encouraged.\\nSec. 2. The General Assembly, at the first session under this Constitu-\\ntion, shall provide by taxation and otherwise, for a general and uniform\\nsystem of public schools, wherein tuition shall be free of charge to all\\nthe children of the State between the ages of six and twenty-one years.\\nAnd the children of the white race and the children of the colored race\\nshall be taught in separate public schools; but there shall be no discrimi-\\nnation in favor of, or to the prejudice of either race.\\nSec. 3. Each county of the State shall be divided into a convenient\\nnumber of districts, in which one or more public schools shall be main-\\ntained at least four months in every year and if the Commissioners of any\\ncounty shall fail to comply with the aforesaid requirements of this section\\nthey shall be liable to indictment.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0347.jp2"}, "348": {"fulltext": "328 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 4. The proceeds of all lands that have been or hereafter may be\\ngranted by the United States to this State, and not otherwise appropriated\\nby this State or the United States; also, all moneys, stocks, bonds, and\\nother property, now belonging to any State fund for purposes of education;\\nalso, the net proceeds of all sales of the swamp lands belonging to the State,\\nand all other grants, gifts or devises, that have been or hereafter may be\\nmade to the State, and not otherwise appropriated by the State, or by the\\nterm of the grant, gift or devise, shall be paid into the State treasury and,\\ntogether with so much of the ordinary revenue of the State as may be by\\nlaw set apart for that purpose, shall be faithfully appropriated for establish-\\ning and maintaining in this State a system of free public schools, and for\\nno other uses or purposeses whatsoever.\\nSec. 5. All moneys, stocks, bonds, and other property, belonging to a\\ncounty school fund; also, the net proceeds from the sale of estrays; also,\\nthe clear proceeds of all penalties and forfeitures, and of all fines collected\\nin the several counties for any breach of the penal or military laws of the\\nState; and all moneys which shall be paid by persons as an equivalent for\\nexemption from military duty, shall belong to and remain in the several\\ncounties, and shall be faithfully appropriated for establishing and maintain-\\ning free public schools in the several counties of this State: Provided, That\\nthe amount collected in each county shall be annually reported to the\\nSuperintendent of Public Instruction.\\nSec. 6. The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the\\nelection of Trustees of the University of North Carolina, in whom, when\\nchosen, shall be vested all the privileges, rights, franchises and endowments\\nthereof, in anywise granted to or conferred upon the Trustees of said Uni-\\nversity and the General Assembly may make such provisions, laws and\\nregulations from time to time, as may be necessary and expedient for the\\nmaintenance and management of said University.\\nSec. 7. The General Assembly shall provide that the benefits of the\\nUniversity, as far as practicable, be extended to the youth of the State free\\nof expense for tuition also, that all the property which has heretofore\\naccrued to the State, or shall hereafter accrue, from escheats, unclaimed\\ndividends, or distributive shares of the estates of deceased persons, shall\\nbe appropriated to the use of the University.\\nSec. 8. The Governor, Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, Treas-\\nurer, Auditor, Superintendent of Public Instruction and Attorney General,\\nshall constitute a State Board of Education.\\nSec. 9. The Governor shall be President, and the Superintendent of\\nPublic Instruction shall be Secretary of the Board of Education.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0348.jp2"}, "349": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 329\\nSec. 10. The Board of Education shall succeed to all the powers and\\ntrusts of the President and Directors of the Literary Fund of North Caro-\\nlina, and shall have full power to legislate and make all needful rules and\\nregulations in relation to free public schools and the educational fund of\\nthe State; but all acts, rules and regulations of said Board may be altered,\\namended or repealed by the General Assembly, and when so altered,\\namended or repealed, they shall not be re-enacted by the Board.\\nSec. 11. The first session of the Board of Education shall be held at the\\ncapitol of the State, within fifteen days after the organization of the State\\ngovernment under this Constitution the time of future meetings may be\\ndetermined by the Board.\\nSec. 12. A majority of the Board shall constitute a quorum for the\\ntransaction of business.\\nSec. 13. The contingent expenses of the Board shall be provided by the\\nGeneral Assembly.\\nSec. 14. As soon as practicable after the adoption of this Constitution,\\nthe General Assembly shall establish and maintain, in connection with the\\nUniversity, a department of Agriculture, of Mechanics, of Mining, and of\\nNormal Instruction.\\nSec. 15. The General Assembly is hereby empowered to enact that every\\nchild, of sufficient mental and physical ability, shall attend the public\\nschools during the period between the ages of six and eighteen years for a\\nterm of not less than sixteen months, unless educated by other means.\\nARTICLE X.\\nHOMESTEADS AND EXEMPTIONS.\\nSection 1. The personal property of any resident of this State, to the\\nvalue of five hundred dollars, to be selected by such resident, shall be, and\\nis hereby exempted from sale under execution, or other final process of any\\ncourt issued for the collection of any debt.\\nSec. 2. Every homestead, and the dwellings and buildings used there-\\nwith, not exceeding in value one thousand dollars, to be selected by the\\nowner thereof, or in lieu thereof, at the option of the owner, any lot in a\\ncity, town or village, with the dwelling and buildings used thereon, owned\\nand occupied by any resident of this State, and not exceeding the value of\\n42", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0349.jp2"}, "350": {"fulltext": "330 APPENDIX.\\none thousand dollars, shall be exempt from sale under execution, or other\\nfinal process obtained on any debt. But no property shall be exempt from\\nsale for taxes, or for payment of obligations contracted for the purchase of\\nsaid premises.\\nSec. 3. The homestead, after the death of the owner thereof, shall be\\nexempt from the payment of any debt during the minority of his children\\nor any one of them.\\nSec. 4. The provisions of sections one and two of this Article shall not\\nbe so construed as to prevent a laborer s lien for work done and performed\\nfor the person claiming such exemption, or a mechanic s lien for work done\\non the premises.\\nSec. 5. If the owner of a homestead die, leaving a widow, but no children,\\nthe same shall be exempt from the debts of her husband, and the rents and\\nprofits thereof shall inure to her benefit during her widowhood, unless she\\nbe the owner of a homestead in her own right.\\nSec. 6. The real and personal property of any female in this State,\\nacquired before marriage, and all property, real and personal, to which she\\nmay, after marriage, become in any manner entitled, shall be and remain\\nthe sole and separate estate and property of such female, and shall not be\\nliable for any debts, obligations or engagements of her husband, and may\\nbe devised and bequeathed, and with the written assent of her husband,\\nconveyed by her as if she was unmarried.\\nSec. 7. The husband may insure his own life for the sole use and bene-\\nfit of his wife and children, and in the case of the death of the husband,\\nthe amount thus insured shall be paid over to the wife and children, or to\\nthe guardian, if under age, for her, or their own use, free from all the\\nclaims of the representatives of her husband, or any of his creditors.\\nSec. 8. Nothing contained in the foregoing sections of this Article shall\\noperate to prevent the owner of a homestead from disposing of the same by\\ndeed but no deed made by the owner of a homestead shall be valid with-\\nout the voluntary signature and assent of his wife, signified on her private\\nexamination according to law.\\nAKTICLE XT.\\nPUNISHMENTS, PENAL INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC CHARITIES.\\nSection 1. The following punishments only shall be known to the laws\\nof this State, viz: death, imprisonment, with or without hard labor, fines,", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0350.jp2"}, "351": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 331\\nremoval from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor,\\ntrust or profit under this State. The foregoing provisions for imprisonment\\nwith hard labor shall be construed to authorize the employment of such\\nconvict labor on public works, or highways, or other labor for public benefit,\\nand the farming out thereof, where, and in such manner as may be provided\\nby law; but no convict shall be farmed out who has been sentenced on a\\ncharge of murder, manslaughter, rape, attempt to commit rape or arson\\nProvided, That no convict whose labor may be farmed out, shall be punished\\nfor any failure of duty as a laborer, except by a responsible officer of the\\nState; but the convicts so farmed out shall be at all times under the super-\\nvision and control, as to their government and discipline, of the Peniten-\\ntiary Board or some officer of this State.\\nSec. 2. The object of punishments being not only to satisfy justice, but\\nalso to reform the offender, and thus prevent crime, murder, arson, burglary,\\nand rape, and these only, may be punishable with death, if the General\\nAssembly shall so enact.\\nSec. 3. The General Assembly shall, at its first meeting, make provision\\nfor the erection and conduct of a State s Prison or Penitentiary, at some\\ncentral and accessible point within the State.\\nSec. 4. The General Assembly may provide for the erection of Houses\\nof Correction, where vagrants and persons guilty of misdemeanors shall be\\nrestrained and ugefully employed.\\nSec. 5. A House, or Houses of Refuge may be established whenever the\\npublic interest may require it, for the correction and instruction of other\\nclasses of offenders.\\nSec. 6. It shall be required, by competent legislation, that the structure\\nand superintendence of penal institutions of the State, the county jails, and\\ncity police prisons, secure the health and comfort of the prisoners, and that\\nmale and female prisoners be never confined in the same room or cell.\\nSec. 7. Beneficent provisions for the poor, the unfortunate and orphan,\\nbeing one of the first duties of a civilized and Christian State, the General\\nAssembly shall, at its first session, appoint and define the duties of a Board\\nof Public Charities, to whom shall be entrusted the supervision of all\\ncharitable and penal State institutions, and who shall annually report to\\nthe Governor upon their condition, with suggestions for their improvement.\\nSec. 8. There shall also, as soon as practicable, be measures devised by\\nthe State, for the establishment of one or more Orphan Houses, where des-\\ntitute orphans may be cared for, educated, and taught some business or trade.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0351.jp2"}, "352": {"fulltext": "332 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 9. It shall be the duty of the Legislature, as soon as practicable, to\\ndevise means for the education of idiots and inebriates.\\nSec. 10. The General Assembly may provide that the indigent deaf mutes,\\nblind and insane of the State shall be cared for at the charge of the State.\\nSec. 11. It shall be steadily kept in view by the Legislature, and the\\nBoard of Public Charities, that all penal and charitable institutions should\\nbe made as nearly self-supporting as is consistent with the purposes of their\\ncreation.\\nARTICLE XII.\\nMILITIA.\\nSection 1. All able bodied male citizens of the State of North Carolina,\\nbetween the ages of twenty-one and forty years, who are citizens of the\\nUnited States, shall be liable to duty in the militia: Provided, That all\\npersons who may be averse to bearing arms, from religious scruples, shall\\nbe exempt therefrom.\\nSec. 2. The General Assembly shall provide for the organizing, arming,\\nequipping and discipline of the militia, and for paying the same when\\ncalled into active service.\\nSec. 3. The Governor shall be Commander-in-Chief, and shall have\\npower to call out the militia to execute the law, suppress riots or insurrec-\\ntion, and to repel invasion.\\nSec. 4. The General Assembly shall have power to make such exemp-\\ntions as may be deemed necessary, and to enact laws that may be expedient\\nfor the government of the militia.\\nARTICLE XIII.\\nAMENDMENTS.\\nSection 1. No Convention of the people of this State shall ever be called\\nby the General Assembly, unless by concurrence of two-thirds of all the\\nmembers of each House of the General Assembly, and except the proposi-\\ntion, Convention or No Convention, be first submitted to the qualified\\nvoters of the whole State, at the next general electoin, in a manner to be pre-", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0352.jp2"}, "353": {"fulltext": "CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA. 333\\nscribed 1 v law. And should a majority of the votes cast be in favor of said\\nConvention, it shall assemble on such day as may be prescribed by the\\nGeneral Assembly.\\nSec. 2. No part of the Constitution of this State shall be altered, unless\\na bill to alter the same shall have been agreed to by three-fifths of each\\nHouse of the General Assembly. And the amendment or amendments so\\nagreed to shall be submitted at the next general election to the qualified\\nvoters of the whole State, in such manner as may be prescribed by law.\\nAnd in the event of their adoption by a majority of the votes cast, such\\namendment or amendments shall become a part of the Constitution of this\\nState.\\nARTICLE XIV.\\nMISCELLANEOUS.\\nSection 1. All indictments which shall have been found, or may here-\\nafter be found, for any crime or offence committed before this Constitution\\ntakes effect, may be proceeded upon in the proper courts, but no punish-\\nment shall be inflicted which is forbidden by this Constitution.\\nSec. 2. No person who shall hereafter fight a duel, or assist in the same\\nas a second, or send, accept, or knowingly carry a challenge therefor, or\\nagree to go out of the State to fight a duel, shall hold any office in this\\nState.\\nSec. 3. No money shall be drawn from the treasury but in consequence of\\nappropriations made by law and an accurate account of the receipts and\\nexpenditures of the public money shall be annually published.\\nSec. 4. The General Assembly shall provide, by proper legislation, for\\ngiving to mechanics and laborers an adequate lien on the subject matter\\nof their labor.\\nSec. 5. In the absence of any contrary provision, all officers of this State,\\nwhether heretofore elected or appointed by the Governor, shall hold their\\nposition only until other appointments are made by the Governor, or if the\\nofficers are elective, until their successors shall have been chosen and duly\\nqualified according to the provisions of this Constitution.\\nSec. 6. The seat of government in this State shall remain at the City of\\nRaleigh.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0353.jp2"}, "354": {"fulltext": "334 APPENDIX.\\nSec. 7. No person, who shall hold any office or place of trust or profit\\nunder the United States or any department thereof, or under this State, or\\nunder any other State, or government, shall hold or exercise any other\\noffice or place of trust or profit under the authority of this State, or be\\neligible to a seat in either House of the General Assembly: Provided,\\nThat nothing herein contained shall extend to officers in the militia, Jus-\\ntices of the Peace, Commissioners of Public Charities, or commissioners\\nfor special purposes.\\nSec. 8. All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a\\nwhite person and a person of negro descent to the third generation inclu-\\nsive, are hereby forever prohibited.\\ntil i.,.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0354.jp2"}, "355": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION OF NORTH CAROLINA,\\nPREPARED BY\\nHON. KEMP P. BATTLE, LL. D.,\\nPRESIDENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA.\\nPRELIMINARY QUESTIONS.\\n1. When was the first Constitution of North Carolina adopted?\\nAnswer. On December 18, 1776.\\n2. When was it first amended?\\nAnswer. In 1835.\\n3. When was it again amended\\nAnswer.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 In 1854, 1861 and 1865.\\n4. W T hen was a new Constitution adopted?\\nAnswer. In 1868.\\n5. Was there not a Constitution adopted in 1866?\\nAnswer. A new Constitution was adopted in 1866 by the Convention of\\n1865- 66, but the people voted it down.\\n6. Has the Constitution of 1868 been amended?\\nAnswer. Yes; it was partially amended in 1874, and greatly amended\\nby the Convention of 1875. The people adopted these amendments in\\n1876 a hundred years after the adoption of the first Constitution.\\n7. Is there further amendment?\\nAnswer. Yes in 1 880.\\n8. What is a Constitution?\\nAnswer. The principles or fundamental laws which govern a State.\\nAnother definition is: The body of rules and maxims in accordance with\\nwhich the powers of sovereignty are habitually exercised.\\n9. Is the Constitution of North Carolina the highest law?\\nAnswer. No; the Constitution of the United States and the laws of the\\nUnited States, passed in pursuance thereto, are the supreme law.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0355.jp2"}, "356": {"fulltext": "336 APPENDIX.\\ni\\n10. Is the Constitution of North Carolina higher than the acts passed\\nby the General Assembly\\nAnswer. Yes acts contrary to the Constitution are null and void.\\n11. Who decides whether acts are constitutional and binding or not?\\nAnswer. The courts.\\n12. Give a simple explanation of the Constitution of North Carolina.\\nAnsiver. It is a written document in which the people of North Caro-\\nlina have laid down their plan of government of the State. It designates\\nwhat officers are to make the laws, what officers are to interpret the laws,\\nand what officers are to enforce the laws. It lays down rules for the guid-\\nance of these officers. If any officer acts contrary to it, he is liable to pun-\\nishment. It is the organic or fundamental law the foundation stone on\\nwhich our State government rests. It guards and enforces the liberties of\\nthe people. If officers are allowed to disobey it, our liberties will be in\\ndanger. Hence every citizen should understand it so that he may watch\\nthe officers and hold them to their duties.\\n13. Can it be changed?\\nAnswer. Yes the people of the State can change or amend it. The\\nmanner in which the people can change it is prescribed in the Constitution\\nitself, as will be seen hereafter.\\n14. Can it be changed in any other way\\nAnswer. Yes; if an amendment to the Constitution of the United States\\ncontrary to any provision of the State Constitution is made according to\\nlaw, the latter must yield.\\nPREAMBLE.\\n1. Who made the Constitution\\n2. For what purpose was it made?\\n3. Is there recognition of God in it?\\n4. For what blessings is gratitude to God expressed\\nARTICLE I.\\nDECLARATION OF RIGHTS.\\n1. For what purpose is this declaration made\\n2. What fundamental truths are declared? Section 1.*\\n*Note.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Most of the language of this section is taken from the Declaration of Inde-\\npendence.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0356.jp2"}, "357": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS OX THE CONSTITUTION. 337\\n3. In whom is political power vested Section 2.\\n4. For whose good is government instituted Section 2.\\n5. Who has the right to regulate the State government? Section 3.\\nUnder what circumstances can the people change the form of gov-\\nernment? Section 3.\\n7. Are the people under any restrictions in changing the form of gov-\\nernment? If so, what? SectionS.\\n8. Has the State the right to secede from the Union? Section 4.\\nO. Is the American Union a confederacy of States, or a nation of the\\npeople of the States? Section 4.\\n10. Is this State bound to prevent other States from seceding from the\\nUnion? Section 4.\\n11. Is our allegiance first due to the United States or to North Carolina?\\nSection 5.\\n12. Can the General Assembly or a Convention of the people release us\\nfrom our primary allegiance to the United States? Section 5.\\n13. Can the State pay a debt incurred in rebellion against the United\\nStates? Section 6.\\n14. Can such a debt be collected in our courts Section 6.\\n15. Does this prohibition apply to past as well as future debts? Sec-\\ntion 6. x\\n1G. Can the State pay for emancipated slaves? Section 6.\\n17. What debts are forbidden to be paid or assumed in any way unless\\nby a vote of the people Section 6.\\n18. What majority must be had to sanction such payment or assumption\\nSection 6.\\n19. Is there no exception to this? Section 6.\\n20. Can this vote be taken at a special election? Section 6.\\n21. By what name are most of the bonds mentioned in the answer to\\nquestion 17, known?\\nAnswer. Special Tax Bonds.\\n22. Was this prohibition in the Constitution of 1876?\\nAnswer. No; it was inserted by amendment submitted to the people by\\nthe General Assembly of 1879, and adopted by the people in 1880.\\n23. What provision in regard to exclusive emoluments and privileges?\\nSection 7.\\n24. W T hat provision in regard to the legislative, executive and judicial\\nbranches? SectionS.\\n43", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0357.jp2"}, "358": {"fulltext": "338 APPENDIX.\\n25. Can the Governor or Judges suspend laws? Section 9.\\n26. Who can suspend laws? Section 9.\\n27. What provision about election? Section 10.\\n28. What rights has one who is charged with a crime? Section 11.\\n29. If acquitted does he pay the costs of his own witnesses, c. Sec-\\ntion 11.\\n30. What modes of prosecution are prescribed? Section 12.\\n31. By whom must conviction be made? Section 13.\\n32. Where must the verdict be rendered Section 13.\\n33. What right lias the Legislature in regard to petty misdemeanors?\\nSection 14.\\n34. Can those accused of petty misdemeanors be utterly deprived of\\nright of trial by jury? Section 13.\\nAnswer. No; they must have right of appeal and thus getting a jury.\\n35. What provision about bail? About fines and punishment? Sec-\\ntion 14.\\n36. What are general warrants Section 15.\\n37. Are they allowed? If not, why not? Section 15.\\n38. What provision about imprisonment for debt? Section 16.\\n39. Repeat the section guarding the life, liberty and property of citizens.\\nSection 17.\\n40. From what great historical document is this section taken?\\nAnswer. From Magna Charta wrested from King John, A. D. 1215.\\n41. What rights has one restrained of his liberty Section 18,\\n42. Should he have a speedy trial? Section 18.\\n43. In lawsuits about property what kind of trial is declared best?\\nSection 19.\\n44. What is said about trial by jury in controversies about property?\\nSection 19.\\n45. What is declared about freedom of the press? Section 20.\\n46. Can the press be lawfully used for libelous and immoral publica-\\ntion? Section 20.\\n47. What provision about the writ of Habeas Corpus? Section 21.\\n48. What do you mean by the privileges of the writ of Habeas\\nCorpus\\nAnswer. The right of one restrained of his liberty to be brought before\\na Judge in order that the cause of imprisonment may be enquired into and\\nhe be dealt with according to law.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0358.jp2"}, "359": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION. 339\\n49. Must a man own property in order to vote or hold office? Sec-\\ntion 22.\\n50. Why not? Section 22.\\n51. What safeguard against improper taxation? Section 23.\\n52. Did the people claim this when we achieved our independence of\\nGreat Britain?\\nAnswer. Yes; the denial of this right was one of the chief causes of\\nthe Revolutionary war.\\n53. Is the right to bear arms secured? Section 24.\\n54. What reason is given why the people should have this right\\nSection 24.\\n55. Are standing armies allowed? Section 24.\\n56. Why should they not be allowed? Section 24.\\n57. Which should be superior, the civil or military power? Section 24.\\n58. Can the practice of carrying concealed weapons be prohibited, and\\nhow Section 24.\\n59. For what purposes may the people assemble together Section 25.\\n60. What is said of secret societies? Section 25.\\n61. What provision securing religious liberty Section 26.\\n62. What provision about education Section 27.\\n63. Why should elections be often held Section 28.\\n64. What is necessary to preserve the blessings of liberty? Section 29.\\n65. What provision in regard to hereditary privileges, c. Section 30.\\n66. About perpetuities and monopolies. Section 31. (See Article II,\\nsection 15.)\\n67. What are ex post facto laws? Section 32.\\n68. Are they proper? Section 32.\\n69. What retrospective laws are forbidden Section 32.\\n70. Are all slavery and involuntary servitude abolished Section 33.\\n71. What not abolished? Section 33.\\n72. What provision about the State boundaries? Section 34.\\n73. What provision about the courts? Section 35 and section 17.\\n74. What redress for injuries? Section 35 and section 17.\\n75. How shall justice be administered?* Section 35.\\n76. How are householders protected from quartering of soldiers? Sec-\\ntion 36\\n*Note. These words are from Magna Charta.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0359.jp2"}, "360": {"fulltext": "340 APPENDIX.\\n77. Does the Declaration of Rights enumerate all the rights possessed\\nby the people Section 37.\\n78. Who have the powers not delegated in the Constitution? Section 37.\\nARTICLE II.\\nLEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT.\\n1. How is the legislative authority vested Section 1.\\n2. When these two bodies meet according to law what is their joint\\nname? Section 2.\\n3. When is their regular meeting? Section 2.\\n4. How many members required in order to proceed to public business?\\nSection 2.\\n5. What name is given to this majority\\nAnswer. Quorum.\\nO. How many Senators Section 3.\\n7. How chosen Section 3.\\n8. How often chosen Section 3.\\n9. How are the Senate districts formed Section 4.\\n10. Who are excluded from the count Section 4.\\n11. When can a county be divided in forming a Senatorial district?\\nSection 4.\\n12. How are the members of the House of Representatives chosen\\nSection 5.\\n13. What is the rule as to counties not having a hundred-and-twentieth\\npart of the population Section 5.\\n14. How is the apportionment of Representatives made? Section 6.\\n15. What are the qualifications of a Senator Section 7.\\n16. What of members of the House Section 8.\\n17. How does the General Assembly elect officers? Section 9; and\\nArticle VI, section 3.\\n18. How do the people vote for Senators and members of the House\\nSections 3 and 5; and Article VI, section 3.\\n19. What is the provision about divorce and alimony? Section 10.\\n20. What legislation is prohibited to the General Assembly? Section\\n11. (See Article V, section 1.)", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0360.jp2"}, "361": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS THE CONSTITUTION. 341\\n21. How can the General Assembly pass private laws other than those\\nmentioned in sections 10 and 11? Section 12.\\n22. How are vacancies in the General Assembly rilled? Section 13.\\n23. What laws must be read three times in each House, on three\\nseparate days? Section 14. (See Article V, section 6.)\\n24. Must the names of the members voting be entered on the journal\\nwhen these laws are passed? Section 14.\\n25. How must entails be regulated? Section 15. (See Article I, sec-\\ntion 31.)\\n26. What must be done with the journals of each House? Section 16.\\n27. When can a member have the reasons of his dissent entered on the\\njournal Section 17.\\n28. Who chooses the Speaker and other officers of the House of Rep-\\nresentatives? Section 18.\\n29. Who presides in the Senate ordinarily? Section 19.\\n30. When has the Lieutenant Governor the right to vote? Section 19.\\n31. What powers has the Senate, independently of the House of Rep-\\nresentatives? Sections 20 and 22. (See Article IV, section 3.)\\n32. When does the Senate choose a Speaker? Section 20. In Article\\nII, section 12, he is called President.\\n33. What is the style of the acts of Assembly? Section 21.\\n34. What powers has each House by itself? Section 22.\\n35. Can one House by itself adjourn to any future day, or other place\\nSection 22.\\n36. How often must bills be read before becoming laws? Section 23.\\n37. What else must be read three times? Section 23.\\n38. Who signs these bills and resolutions? Section 23. They must be\\nsigned in presence of the Houses.\\n39. What are bills called after such signatures? Sections 21 and 23.\\n40. What oath or affirmation must each member take? Section 24.\\n41. When must he take this oath or affirmation? Section 24.\\n42. When do the terms of office begin? Section 25.\\n43. When must the names of the members be entered on the journal?\\nSections 14 and 24.\\n44. What is this proceeding termed\\nAnswer. Calling the yeas and nays.\\n45. What time is designated in the Constitution for holding the election\\nof members? Section 27.\\n46. Can the General Assembly change this? Section 27.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0361.jp2"}, "362": {"fulltext": "342 APPENDIX.\\n47. Has the change been made\\nAnswer.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Yes to the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.\\n48. What authority determines the places of voting? Section 27.\\n49. What compensation do members receive, and how long? Sec-\\ntion 28.\\n50. What mileage? Section 28.\\n51. What do the presiding officers receive? Section 28.\\n52. What provision about compensation during extra session? Sec-\\ntion 28.\\nAETICLE III.\\nEXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.\\n1. In whom is the supreme executive power? Section 1.\\n2. Who constitute the Executive Department? Section 1.\\n3. Who chooses these officers? Section 1.\\n4. How long do they serve? Section 1.\\n5. At what times and places are the elections held Section 1.\\nO. When does their term of office begin? Section 1.\\n7. How long do they serve? Section 1.\\n8. What are the qualifications for the offices of Governor and Lieuten-\\nant Governor? Section 2.\\n9. Can they ever serve two terms in succession? Section 2.\\n10. To whom are the returns of election sent Section 3.\\n11. To what post-office? Section 3.\\n12. Before whom are they opened and published? Section 3.\\n13. Who must be declared elected? Section 3.\\n14. What is done in case of a tie? Section 3.\\n15. In such case how do the Houses vote Section 3.\\n16. What must be done about contested elections? Section 3.\\n17. What oath does the Governor take Section 4.\\n18. Before whom taken Section 4.\\n19. Where must the Governor reside? Section 5.\\n20. What duties has he to perform in regard to the General Assembly\\nSection 5.\\n21. In what cases can the Governor grant pardons, c. Section 6.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0362.jp2"}, "363": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION. 343\\n22. Can he anion before the offender is convicted? Section (i.\\n23. Can he pardon one impeached? Section 6.\\n2-4. What is the Governor s duty in regard to pardons, c, after granted\\nSection (I.\\nWhat officers report to the Governor? Section 7.\\n26. What is done with these reports? Section 7.\\n27. Supposing the Governor desires information regarding the duties\\nof officers of the Executive Department, what can he require? Section 7.\\n28. What is the greatest duty of the Governor? Section 7.\\n20. Who is chief commander of the militia? Section 8.\\n30. Can the militia ever pass out of his authority? Section 8.\\n31. Under what circumstances can an extra session of the General\\nAssembly be called? Section 9.\\n32. Who nominates officers not otherwise provided for in the Constitu-\\ntion Section 10.\\n33. To what body are the nominations sent? Section 10.\\n34. Can the Senate reject the nominations Section 10.\\n3o. What duty has the Lieutenant Governor in regard to the Senate\\nSection 11; and Article II, section 19.\\n36. Is he a Senator\\nAnswer. No.\\n37. What is his compensation? Section 11; and Article II, section 28.\\n38. Under what circumstances does the Lieutenant Governor assume\\nthe powers, c of the Governor Section 12.\\n39. What is done when the Lieutenant Governor cannot preside in the\\nSenate Section 12.\\n40. Who succeeds the Lieutenant Governor, and under what circum-\\nstances Section 12.\\n41. What is done if the Lieutenant Governor loses the office of Gov-\\nernor during the recess of the General Assembly Section 12.\\n42. Who prescribes the duties of the officers of the Executive Depart-\\nment Section 13.\\n43. What is done in case of a vacancy Section 13.\\n44. How long does the officer so appointed hold his office? Section 13\\n45. W T ho constitutes the Council of State? Section 14.\\n46. What is done with their proceedings? Section 14.\\n47. Who is the legal adviser of the Executive Department Section 14.\\n48. Who establishes the compensation of these officers? Section 15.\\n40. How is their independence secured? Section 15.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0363.jp2"}, "364": {"fulltext": "344 APPENDIX.\\n50. What is the seal of the State called? Section 16.\\n51. Who has charge of it? Section 16.\\n52. In what name are grants of lands, c, issued, and how are they\\nauthenticated Section 16.\\n53. In what manner are commissions to officers, c, authenticated\\nSection 16.\\n54. W T hat department besides those heretofore named must be estab-\\nlished by the General Assembly? Section 17.\\n55* What laws must be enacted? Section 17.\\nAKTICLE IV.\\nJUDICIAL DEPARTMENT.\\n1. What is done in regard to distinctions between actions at law and\\nsuits in equity Section 1.\\n2. Do the old forms of actions and suits remain Section 1.\\n3. What is the name of the form of actions in use? Section 1.\\n4. What is the name of the actions prosecuted by the State for a public\\noffence Section 1.\\n5. What is done with feigned issues? Section 1.\\n6. How is the fact at issue tried Section 1.\\n7. In what courts is the judicial power vested Section 2.\\n8. Can the General Assembly establish any courts Section 2.\\nO. What is the court for trial of impeachments Section 3.\\n10. How many Senators must be present? Section 3.\\n11. Who presides when the Governor is impeached? Section 4.\\n12. What sentence can the Senate inflict? Section 3.\\n13. Does the impeachment for a crime indictable in the courts prevent\\nprosecution in the courts? Section 3.\\n14. Can a less number than thirty-four Senators convict on impeach-\\nment? Section 4.\\n15. What is the least number which can possibly convict\\nAnswer. Two-thirds of a bare quorum eighteen Senators.\\nlO. What is treason against the State? Section 5.\\n17. In what modes can traitors be convicted? Section 5.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0364.jp2"}, "365": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION. D\\\\~)\\n18. Can the punishment be made to extend to forfeiture of land or\\ngoods? Section\\n19. Can it extend to corruption of blood? Section 5.\\n20. What officers constitute the Supreme Court? Section l\\n21. Are they called Judges? Section 6, but see sections 18 and 31.\\n22. Where are the terms of the Supreme Court held? Section 7.\\n23. What is the jurisdiction of this Court on appeals? Section 8.\\n2-4. What jurisdiction over issues and questions of fact? Section 8.\\n2\u00c2\u00bb* Over what courts has it control? Section 8.\\n26. What writs may it issue to effectuate this control? Section 8.\\n27. What are some of these writs called?\\nAnswer. Mandamus, Procedendo, Certiorari, Recordari, c.\\n28. What original jurisdiction has the Supreme Court? Section 9.\\n20. Can the Court issue execution against the State? Section 9.\\n30. What is done with the decisions of the Court in such cases? Sec-\\ntion 9.\\n31. Is the General Assembly bound to carry out the decision of the\\nCourt? Section 9; and Article I, section 8.\\n32. Into how many districts is the State divided by the Constitution\\nSection 10.\\n33. What chief town or towns in First District?\\nAnswer. Elizabeth City, Edenton.\\nIn Second District? Kaleigh, New Bern.\\nIn Third District? Wilmington, Goldsboro.\\nIn Fourth District? Fayetteville.\\nIn Fifth District? Greensboro, Durham.\\nIn Sixth District? Charlotte, Monroe.\\nIn Seventh District? Winston, Salisbury.\\nIn Eighth District? Statesville, Morganton.\\nIn Ninth District? Asheville.\\n34. Can the General Assembly change the number of districts? Sec-\\ntion 10.\\n35. How often in each county must the Superior Court be held? Sec-\\ntion 10.\\n36. Where shall be the residence of the Judge? Section 11.\\n37. Do the Judges preside always in the same district? Section 11.\\n38. How often can a Judge preside in the same district? Section 11.\\n39. Is there any exception to this Section 11.\\n44", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0365.jp2"}, "366": {"fulltext": "346 APPENDIX.\\n40. Can the General Assembly deprive the Judicial Department of its\\nrightful powers, c. Section 12 and Article I, section 8.\\n41. What is allowable for the General Assembly to do Section 12.\\n42. Does this power extend to the Supreme Court? Section 12.\\n43. Can the General Assembly regulate appeals? Section 12.\\n44. What power has the General Assembly in regard to methods of\\nproceedings? Section 12.\\n45. Are parties in a law suit bound to submit issues of fact to the jury\\nSection 13.\\n46. What effect has the finding of the Judge in such case upon the\\nfacts? Section 13.\\n47. What duty has the General Assembly in regard to courts for cities\\nand towns Section 14.\\n48. Can these courts be allowed to try capital cases and other felonies?\\nSection 14.\\n49. Who appoints the Clerk of the Supreme Court? Section 15.\\n50. What is his term of office Section 15.\\n51. How is the Clerk of a Superior Court appointed? Section 16.\\n52. When is the election? Section 16.\\n53. What is the term of office? Section 17.\\n54. Who prescribes the salaries, fees, c, of Judges, Clerks, c.\\nSection 18.\\n55. How is the independence of the Judges secured? Section 18.\\n56. What laws of North Carolina are in force Section 19.\\n57. Where may these laws be found\\nAnswer. Some may be found in the acts of Assembly, State Codes,\\nc. but besides these we have the Common Law, inherited from our\\nancestors, not found in any statute book.\\n58. Where are the principles of this Common Law to be looked for?\\nAnswer. In the reports of judicial decisions, writings of eminent law-\\nyers, c.\\n59. Who can alter these laws Article II, section 1.\\n60. What was done with actions and suits pending when the Constitu-\\ntion went into effect Section 20.\\n61. How were these old suits to be heard and determined? Section 20.\\n62. Who appoints the Justices of the Supreme Court? Section 21.\\n63. When does the voting take place Section 21.\\n64. What is their term of office? Section 21.\\n65. How are Judges of the Superior Courts elected? Section 21.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0366.jp2"}, "367": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION. 347\\nWhat is their term of office? Section 21.\\nG7. Are they necessarily elected by all the voters of the State? Sec-\\ntion 21.\\n68. Whn are the Superior Courts open? Section 22.\\n9. Is there exception to this? Section 22.\\n70. Who elects the Solicitors of the Judicial Districts? Section 23.\\n71. What is their term of office? Section 23.\\n72. What are their duties? Section 23.\\n73. Can a Justice of the Peace call on the Solicitor for legal advice?\\nSection 23.\\n74. How are Sheriffs and Coroners chosen? Section 24.\\n75. What is their term of office? Section 24.\\n70. Who elects Constables? Section 24.\\n77. What are their terms of office? Section 24.\\n78. Suppose there is no Coroner and one is needed, what is done? Sec-\\ntion 24.\\n79. Who may fill vacancies in the offices of Sheriff, Coroner and Con-\\nstable Section 24.\\n80. Who fills vacancies in offices created under this Article not specially\\nprovided for? Section 25.\\n81. How long do Judges, c, so appointed, hold office? Section 25.\\n82. Suppose no election is held for such offices? Section 25.\\n83. Suppose those elected refuse to qualify? Section 25.\\n84. Suppose successors do not qualify? Section 25.\\n85. Is section 26 obsolete\\n86. What jurisdiction have Justices of the Peace over civil actions?\\nSection 27.\\n87. Suppose the title to land is in question? Section 27.\\n88. Suppose the action is not founded on contract, where is it to be\\ntried? Section 27.\\n89. Of what criminal matters have they jurisdiction? Section 27.\\n90. Who has power to regulate the fines and imprisonments?\\nAnswer. The General Assembly.\\n91. Can the General Assembly give jurisdiction to Justices of the Peace\\nover any other matters whatever? Section 27.\\n92. Suppose an issue of fact is joined before a Justice, can he decide\\nit? Section 27.\\n93. Suppose either party demands a jury Section 27.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0367.jp2"}, "368": {"fulltext": "348 APPENDIX.\\n94. Is not this provision for a jury of six violating Article I, section 19?\\nAnswer. No; right of appeal is allowed. Section 27.\\n05. Is appeal allowed in criminal cases also? Section 27.\\n96. Must the Justice write down the proceedings? Section 27.\\n97. What must he do with the record? Section 27.\\n98. Who fills vacancies in the office of Justice of the Peace? Sec-\\ntion 28.\\n99. Who fills vacancies in the office of the Superior Court Clerk\\nSection 29.\\n100. Supposing the General Assembly to establish other courts, who\\nchooses the Judges and other officers? Section 30.\\n101. What is their term of office Section 30.\\n102. For what may Judges be removed? Section 31.\\n103. What vote is necessary? Section 31.\\n104. What notice must be given? Section 31.\\n105. Supposing two-thirds of one House, and a majority not two-thirds\\nof the other House vote for removal, what is the result? Section 31.\\n106. For what can Clerks of Courts be removed Section 31.\\n107. Who have the power of removal? Section 31.\\n108. What notice must Clerks have of proceedings against them? Sec-\\ntion 31.\\n109. Can the Clerks of the Courts inferior to the Supreme Court\\nappeal? Section 32.\\n110. Is section 33 obsolete?\\nAETICLE V.\\nREVENUE AND TAXATION.\\n1. What is another name for capitation tax\\nAnswer. Poll tax.\\n2. Is the General Assembly bound to levy such tax Section 1.\\n3. On whom must it be levied? Section 1.\\n4. To what amount must it be equal? Section 1.\\n5. What is the maximum capitation tax under this section? Section 1,\\nG. What is the maximum property tax?\\nAnswer. Sixty-six and two-third cents on the one hundred dollars val-\\nuation.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0368.jp2"}, "369": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION. 349\\n7. What is the object of the equation of taxes\\nAnswer. To protect property from excessive taxation by those owning\\nno property, and vice versa.\\n8. Who can exempt from capitation tax, and for what reason? Sec-\\ntion 1.\\n9. To what purposes must the capitation tax be applied? Section 2.\\n10. What is the maximum amount which can be applied to the support\\nof the poor Section 2.\\n11. How must property be taxed Section 3.\\n12. What has the General Assembly power to tax without being com-\\npelled to do so? Section 3.\\n13. Can the income of a farmer from his lands be taxed? Section 3.\\n14. What provision in regard to contracting new debts? Section 4.\\n15. Is the special tax to be levied when the bonds of the State are at\\npar? Section 4.\\n1G. Supposing the bonds are not at par* in what cases are the special\\ntaxes not required? Section 4.\\n17. What is necessary before the General Assembly can give or lend\\nthe credit of the State to individuals or corporations? Section 4.\\n18. What exception to the general rule? Section 4.\\n19. Does it require a majority of all the qualified voters to sanction\\nsuch loan Section 4.\\n20. Can the General Assembly take stock in a corporation and pay for\\nthe same by bonds of the State accepted at par? Section 4. (The Supreme\\nCourt says they cannot.)\\n21. What property the General Assembly cannot tax? Section 5.\\n22. What property does the General Assembly have power to exempt\\nto an unlimited extent? Section 5.\\n23. What property to a limited amount only Section 5.\\n24. What is the limit? Section 5.\\n25. In what mode are county taxes to be levied Section 5.\\n26. What is the limit of county taxation for general purposes? Sec-\\ntion 6.\\n27. Supposing the county desires to exceed this limit for a special pur-\\npose? Section 6.\\n28. What must be observed in levying tax acts, i. e., Revenue Acts\\nSection 7.\\n29. Can tax money raised for one purpose be used for another Sec-\\ntion 7.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0369.jp2"}, "370": {"fulltext": "350 APPENDIX.\\nAKTICLE VI.\\nSUFFRAGE AND ELIGIBILITY TO OFFICE.\\n1. State the qualifications of an elector, i. e., a voter? Section 1.\\n2. What exception to this rule? Section 1.\\n3. Does the mere commission of an infamous crime disqualify? Sec-\\ntion 1.\\n4. What authority lays down the rule for restoration to rights of citi-\\nzenship? Section 1.\\n5. What step is requisite preliminary to voting? Section 2.\\nG. What oath is necessary to registration? Section 2.\\n7. What authority provides rules for registration Section 2.\\n8. How do the people vote Section 3.\\nO. How do members of the General Assembly vote in elections of offi-\\ncers Section 3 and Article, 1 1, section 9.\\n10. What is the general rule as to qualifications for holding office\\nSection 4.\\n11. What oath does the officer take? Section 4.\\n12. What persons are disqualified? Section 4.\\n13. Does mere disbelief in an Almighty God disqualify, if such disbe-\\nlief be not expressed?\\nAnswer. No; the word deny is held to mean assertion of disbelief by\\nword, writing or otherwise. (See Article I, section 26.)\\nAETICLE VII.\\nMUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS.\\n[NoTE.-^By authority conferred in section 14 of this Article the General Assembly has\\nmaterially changed its provisions (Laws of 1876- 77, chapter 141). The attention of the\\npupil will be called to the most important of these changes.]\\n1. What county officers are to be elected Section 1.\\nBy act of 1876- 77, chapter 141, section 5, the Justices of the Peace\\nelect three, four or five County Commissioners. The Justices may abolish\\nthe office of County Treasurer, and then the Sheriff takes his place.\\n2. How often, and when does the election take place? Section 1.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0370.jp2"}, "371": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION. 351\\n3. What are the duties of the County Commissioners by the Constitu-\\ntion Section 2.\\n4. How is this changed by act of 1876-77, chapter 141\\nAnstver. By this act, section 5, the Commissioners cannot levy taxis,\\npurchase land, remove or designate new sites for county buildings, contract\\nor repair bridges, if the cost may be over $500, or borrow money, or alter,\\nor make additional townships, without the concurrence of a majority of\\nthe Justices of the Peace sitting with them. Moreover, by the same act\\nthe Board of County Commissioners have the powers of the Township\\nTrustees. Section 6.\\n5. Who is Clerk of the Board of Commissioners? Section 2.\\nO. What duty did the Commissioners of 1868 have Section 3.\\n7. What is the name of the districts so formed Section 4.\\n8. What powers did they have, and for what purpose? Section 4.\\nBy act of 1876-77, chapter 141, section 3, these powers are to be under\\nsupervision of the Board of County Commissioners and the said Board can\\nalter boundaries of said townships and create additional ones.\\n9. Who constituted the Board of Trustees of the Township by the Con-\\nstitution, and by whom and when were they to be chosen Section 5.\\n10. How is this by act of 1876-77, chapter 141\\nAnswer.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 By act of 1876-77, chapter 141, the General Assembly appoints\\nthree Justices for each township, who are divided in three classes and\\nhold their offices for two, four and six years, but the successors of each\\nclass, as its term expires, hold office for six years. For each township in\\nwhich any city or incorporated town was situate, one Justice of the Peace\\nis appointed by the General Assembly, and one for each one thousand\\ninhabitants of the city or town. When new townships are created, the\\nGeneral Assembly not being in session, the Governor appoints until the\\nnext meeting of the Assembly.\\n11. What other officers were to be elected in the townships? Section 5.\\n12. How has section 6 been changed?\\nAnswer. The Board of Commissioners appoint one Justice of the Peace,\\nor other suitable person, in each township, to list lands and personal\\nproperty therein. Laws of 1881, chapter 117, section 1.\\nNote.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 By Act of 1881, Chapter 200, County Superintendents of Public Instruction\\nare to be elected by the County Board of Education and County Board of Magistrates in\\njoint session.\\nThe County Commissioners constitute the County Board of Education. Same Sec-\\ntion 15.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0371.jp2"}, "372": {"fulltext": "352 APPENDIX.\\nThe tax list is revised by the Board of Commissioners. Same; section 18.\\n13. What is necessary to enable a county or other municipal corpora-\\ntion to contract debts, pledge its faith, or loan its credit? Section 7.\\n14. What is necessary in order to levy and collect taxes more than for\\nnecessary expenses? Section 7.\\n15. Will a majority of those actually voting be always sufficient? Sec-\\ntion 7.\\n16. What is necessary to enable money to be drawn from county or\\ntownship treasuries Section 8.\\n17. What is the rule of taxation in county and other municipal corpo-\\nrations? Section 9; and Article V, section 6.\\n18. What exemptions are required f Section 9; and Article V, section 5.\\n19. What exemptions are allowed, and to what extent? Section 9; and\\nArticle V, section 5.\\n20. Is section 10 obsolete?\\n21. Is section 11 obsolete?\\n22. Did all charters, c, relating to municipal corporations, become\\nof no effect on the adoption of this Article? Section 12.\\n23. What debts are counties, c, forbidden to pay, or levy taxes for?\\nSection 13.\\n24. What provision of this Article can the General Assembly change\\nor abrogate? Section 14.\\n25. What is section 7?\\n26. What is section 9?\\n27. What is section 13?\\n28. Suppose the General Assembly should attempt to change either of\\nthese sections?\\nAnswer. It would be the duty of the Courts to decide their action in-\\nvalid.\\nARTICLE VIII.\\nCORPORATIONS OTHER THAN MUNICIPAL.\\n1. In what way may corporations be formed? Section 1.\\n2. In what case may they be created by special act? Section 1.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0372.jp2"}, "373": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION. 353\\n3. Can charters of corporations granted under this section be amended\\nor repealed Section 1.\\n4. How shall debts of corporations be secured? Section 1.\\nWhat authority has the right to prescribe rules for so securing cor-\\nporation ilues? Section 2.\\nWhat is the meaning of the term corporation as used in this Article?\\nSection 3.\\n7. Can corporations sue and be sued like natural persons? Section 3.\\n5. On whom is the duty of organizing cities, towns and incorporated\\nvillages? Section 4.\\ni). What powers should the General Assembly restrict? Section 4.\\nlO. For what purpose are these restrictions? Section 4.\\nARTICLE IX.\\nEDUCATION.\\n1. Why should schools, c, be encouraged? Section 1.\\n2. What is the duty of the General Assembly in regard to public\\nschools Section 2.\\n3. How must they provide such schools? Section 2.\\n4. What are the school ages Section 2.\\no. What charge shall be made for tuition Section 2.\\n6. Are mixed schools allowed Section 2.\\n7. Is it lawful to have the schools for one race superior to those of the\\nother Section 2.\\n8. How shall the counties be divided for school purposes Section 3.\\n9. How long must the schools be maintained Section 3.\\n10. What punishment do the Commissioners incur by failing to com-\\nply with this? Section 3.\\n11. What funds are set apart for support of the schools Section 4.\\n12. Can these funds be used for any other purpose Section 4.\\n13. What officer has charge of these funds? Section 4.\\n14. What funds do the counties have charge of for school purposes\\nSection\\n15. How is the Superintendent of Public Instruction to know about\\nthese county funds? Section 5.\\n45", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0373.jp2"}, "374": {"fulltext": "354 APPENDIX.\\n10. Who provides for the election of Trustees of the University? Sec-\\ntion 6.\\n17. What is vested in these Trustees? Section 6.\\n18. Who has power to provide for the maintenance and management\\nof the University Section 6.\\n19. What is the duty of the General Assembly in regard to education\\nat the University Section 7.\\n20. What is their duty in regard to escheats, unclaimed dividends and\\ndistributive shares? Section 7.\\n21. Who constitute the State Board of Education Section 8.\\n22. Who are its officers Section 9.\\n23. To what does the Board of Education succeed? Section 10.\\n24. What power of legislation has the Board? Section 10.\\n25. Is such legislation final Section 10.\\n26. Who fixes the times of meeting of the Board? Section 11.\\n27. How many necessary for the transaction of business? Section 12.\\n28. Who provides for the contingent expenses of the Board? Sec-\\ntion 13.\\n29. What departments in connection with the University must the\\nGeneral Assembly establish Section 14.\\n30. Can the General Assembly enact compulsory education Sec-\\ntion 15.\\n31. Over what ages would this compulsory education extend Sec-\\ntion 15.\\n32. For what length of time? Section 15.\\nAKTICLE X.\\nHOMESTEADS AND EXEMPTIONS.\\n1. How much personal property is exempted from execution? Sec-\\ntion 1.\\n2. Who chooses this property? Section 1.\\n3. Is it exempt from execution only? Section 1.\\n4. What land is exempt, and of what value? Section 2.\\n5. Who selects the homestead Section 2.\\n6. Can a lot in a city, c, be set apart? Section 2.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0374.jp2"}, "375": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ()N THE CONSTITUTION. 355\\n7. Is the homestead li;il le for taxes? Section 2.\\nS. Is it liable for any other debt besides taxes? Section 2.\\nAfter death of the owner is the homestead exempt any longer Sec-\\ntion 2.\\n10. If work is done on a homestead, is such homestead exempt from the\\nmechanic s or laborer s lien? Section 4.\\n11. Supposing the owner dies leaving a widow, but no children from\\nwhat is the homestead exempt, and how long? Section 5.\\n1 What privileges does the widow enjoy, and how long? Section 5.\\n13. Is every widow entitled to such privileges? Section 5.\\n14. What becomes of the property of a woman marrying? Section 6.\\n15. Suppose she acquires property after marriage, does she or her hus-\\nband own it? Section 6.\\n16. What kind of property so belongs to the wife Section 6.\\n17. Cannot such property be made to pay the husband s debts? Sec-\\ntion 5.\\n18. Can she give away her property by will Section 6.\\n10. Is her husband s assent necessary to the validity of her will Sec-\\ntion 6.\\n20. Can she sell or give away her property before her death? Sec-\\ntion 6.\\n21. Is her husband s assent necessary to such sale, c. Section 6.\\n22. Can the husband signify such assent by word of mouth Sec-\\ntion 6.\\n23. Can the husband insure his life for the benefit of his wife and\\nchildren and pay for the policy out of his own money, rather than pay his\\ncreditors Section 7.\\n24. What is done with the money when he dies? Section 7.\\n25. Can the owner of the homestead sell it? Section 8.\\n26. What is necessary to the validity of the deed? Section 8.\\n27. Suppose he is not married Section 8.\\nARTICLE XI.\\nPUNISHMENTS, PENAL INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC CHARITIES.\\n1. What are the punishments lawful in North Carolina? Section 1.\\n2. Can convicts be made to labor on public works, c. Section 1.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0375.jp2"}, "376": {"fulltext": "356\\nAPPENDIX.\\n3. Can convicts be hired (or farmed) out to individuals or corporations\\nSection 1.\\n4. Can all convicts be farmed out? Section 1.\\n5. What authority prescribes the rules in regard to farming out convicts?\\nSection 1.\\n6. What convicts cannot be farmed out? Section 1.\\n7. Can those hiring convicts punish them as they please? Section 1.\\n8. For what can they be punished by the proper officer? Section 1.\\n9. Under whose supervision, c, are these convicts? Section 1.\\n10. Can the General Assembly abolish capital punishment? Section 2.\\n11. For what offences can the punishment of death be inflicted? Sec-\\ntion 2.\\n12. What are the objects of punishment? Section 2.\\n13. What is the duty of the General Assembly in regard to a Peniten-\\ntiary? Section 3.\\n14. For what may houses of correction be provided? Section 4.\\n15. For what may houses of refuge be established Section 5.\\n16. How must the structure and superintendence of penal institutions,\\nc, be arranged Section 6.\\n17. What provision in regard to male and female prisoners Section 6.\\n18. What is one of the first duties of a civilized State? Section 7.\\n19. What must the General Assembly do to carry out this duty? Sec-\\ntion 7.\\n20. What are the duties of this Board? Section 7.\\n21. What must the General Assembly do for destitute orphans? Sec-\\ntion 8.\\n22. What must the General Assembly do in regard to idiots? Sec-\\ntion 9.\\n23. Can idiots be educated?\\nAnswer. Yes; they can be taught many things of value to them and to\\nothers.\\n24. What other unfortunates are classed with idiots? Section 9.\\n25. What classes may be provided for at the expense of the State?\\nSection 10.\\n26. Has this section been changed since 1876?\\nAnswer. By amendment to the Constitution adopted in 1880, the word\\nmay was substituted for the word must in this section.\\n27. Should the penal and charitable institutions be made self-support-\\ning? Section 11.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0376.jp2"}, "377": {"fulltext": "QUESTIONS ON THE CONSTITUTION. 357\\nARTICLE XII.\\nMILITIA.\\n1. Who is liable to militia duty? Section 1.\\n2. Who are exempt? Section 1.\\n3. What duties has the General Assembly in regard to militia? Sec-\\ntion 2.\\n4. Who is Commander-in-Chief of the militia? Section 3; and Article\\nIII, section 8.\\n5. For what may he call them out? Section 3; and see Article III,\\nsection 7.\\n6. What authority can make exemptions from militia duty Section 4.\\n7. What other duty has the General Assembly in regard to the militia?\\nSection 4.\\nARTICLE XIII.\\nAMENDMENTS.\\n1. In what manner must a convention of the people be called Sec-\\ntion 1.\\n2. What is the number of votes necessary in the Senate\\nAnswer. Two-thirds of fifty thirty-four at the least.\\n3. What number in the House of Representatives?\\nAnswer. Two-thirds of one hundred and twenty eighty votes at the\\nleast.\\n4. What authority directs the manner of submission to the people?\\nSection 1.\\n5. What authority prescribes the day of meeting? Section 1.\\nO. Can a Convention so called alter the Constitution\\nAnswer. Yes; it can amend the Constitution or make a new one.\\n7. What is a restricted convention\\nAnswer. One in which the General Assembly provides that the members\\nshall confine their action to certain specified matters, or shall refrain from\\nmaking changes in certain particulars. Some have doubted the power of\\nthe General Assembly -to bind the members in this way, but it has been\\ndone several times in this State.", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0377.jp2"}, "378": {"fulltext": "358 APPENDIX.\\nS. Can the Constitution be altered without calling a Convention Sec-\\ntion 2.\\n9. By what vote must the proposed change pass the General Assembly\\nSection 2.\\n10. Does this mean three-fifths of all the members of each House\\nSection 2.\\n11. What is the least vote by which it could pass in the Senate\\nAnswer. Three-fifths of twenty-six sixteen votes.\\n12. What is the least in the House of Representatives\\nAnswer. Three-fifths of sixty-one thirty-seven votes.\\n13. What must then be done with the proposed amendment? Sec-\\ntson 2.\\n14. Does it require a majority of all the qualified voters to pass it?\\nSection 2.\\n15. Which is the most, two-thirds or three-fifths\\nARTICLE XIV.\\nMISCELLANEOUS.\\n1. Supposing indictments to be pending at the adoption of the Constitu-\\ntion, what is the rule in regard to their punishments Section 1.\\n2. What is the rule in regard to duelling? Section 2.\\n3. Is the challenger disqualified if the other party declines to fight\\nSection 2.\\n4. Is the challenged party, who accepts the challenge, disqualified if no\\nfight occurs? Section 2.\\n5. Is the person who carries the challenge disqualified if no fight occurs\\nSection 2.\\nG. Is it any offence against the laws of North Carolina for its citizens to\\nfight in another State?\\nAnswer. No but it is an offence to agree to go out of the State for the\\npurpose of fighting.*\\n7. What is necessary to enable money to be drawn from the Treasury\\nof the State? Sections. (See Article V, section 7.)\\n8. What must be done with the account of receipts and expenditures\\nSection 3.", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0378.jp2"}, "379": {"fulltext": "()IESTI0NS ON THE CONSTITUTION. 359\\ni). What protection to mechanics and laborers must he given? Section\\nI and Article X, section 4.\\n10. What is the general provision in regard to terms of office Sec-\\ntion 5.\\n11. Where shall he the seat of government? Section 6.\\n12. What is the rule in regard to double offices? Section 7.\\n13. What exception to the general rule? Section 7.\\n14. What marriages are prohibited Section 8.\\n15. What proportion of negro blood comes within the prohibition\\nSection 8.\\nAnswer. One-eighth negro blood (octoroon) will prohibit.\\n^o", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0379.jp2"}, "380": {"fulltext": "IE 07", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0380.jp2"}, "381": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0381.jp2"}, "382": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0382.jp2"}, "383": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3530", "width": "2179", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0383.jp2"}, "384": {"fulltext": "LIBRARY OF CONGRESS\\n014 433 7918", "height": "3515", "width": "2193", "jp2-path": "schoolhistoryofn00moore_0384.jp2"}}