{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3189", "width": "1600", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "(rr.JlTT?\\nA", "height": "3189", "width": "1600", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3189", "width": "1600", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3189", "width": "1517", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3189", "width": "1517", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3189", "width": "1600", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "9.1\\nGUIDE BOOK\\nOF\\nNORTH-WESTERN\\nUOHTH CAHOLUTA,\\nEntered according to Att of Congress, in tl e year 1S7S. by i.. v, k. r. blvm,\\niu the office of the Librarian of Congress, at Wasliiugtun.", "height": "3189", "width": "1600", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "CENTRAL HOTEL!\\nTHIS JS A N1-:W HOUSE, JUST COMPLETED. Built with\\n.-111 eye to comfort and convenience, contains 46 apartments.\\nOVER 400 FEET OF PORCHES!\\nlialt of which are always sliaded, making a (lelightful Promenade.\\nBATH ROOMS AND OTHER MODERN CONVENIENCES!\\nA nice Lawn between house and sidewalk. A pleasant and re-\\ntired Park for nurses and children. Large and well lighted rooms\\nfor commercial travelers. The House is newly furnished. The\\nTable will be supplied with the best the market affords. The sit-\\nuation is high and dry entirel} free from malarial influences.\\nThis is a most\\nDELIGHTFUL RESORT\\nduring the Summer months for Southern and Ea ;tern people\\nthere being an excellent\\n\u00c2\u00aeHA\u00c2\u00a3\u00c2\u00a5\u00c2\u00aeS.\\nmw MMm\\nwithin a pleasant walk of the House. Some Xorthern people who\\nhave spent the winters here are very decidedly impressed with the\\nhigh and dry climate, and pronounce it far jireferable to Florida.\\nNo effort will be spared to make my guests comfortable and happy.\\nSpecial arrangements made with Commercial Travellers.\\nOMNIBUS BAGGAGE WAGON MP^ET ALL TRAINS.\\nJfe^ Special arrangements by AVeek or Month.\\nR. D. HAY, Proprietor.\\nJ. D. SUBLETT, Manager.\\nWinstoji, -Tune 1, 1*^7^.", "height": "3189", "width": "1600", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3189", "width": "1600", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0096\u00a011 ill J\\nli i\\nllil,\\nIJi", "height": "3189", "width": "1631", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "KroiH iho Now York Observer.\\nSUNSET ON PII^T MOUNTAIN.\\nnv MISS K. A. LEHMAN.\\nC Tlic Pilot is aji isolalcd uiouiil;iin peak in Siivry County, N. C. of very pocnliar for-\\nmation. It lias a large castcllsited peak on the east side, anil a mialler one .i\\\\ist beyond,\\nknown familiarly as ttie Lai;(;k and Small PtNNACLES. Tlic Large I innaele, -whicliis\\nMX) feet higher than the mountain proper, resembles a huge eastle with long white Gothic\\nwindows, and those liglited up by tlie setting sun, present auni(|Ue, and beautiful scene.\\nThe Indians called it \u00e2\u0080\u00a2\u00e2\u0096\u00a0TiiK Pilot because it served to KU)d(^ them homeward when\\nhunting. The lilue llidge begins the grand mountain scenery of Western North Carolina,\\nand the Pilot stands as an outpost or fortress, guarding the approach to the wildest, most\\nromantic scenery cast of the Itocky Mountains. It stands a sentinel to guard tlu\\nenchanted ground. 1\\nThe shadows slaiitiiii; westward, iktw assmiie\\nA hazy ouiiine e er the evcnijis;- gUjoni\\nKiistilfs and eUisely wrai s yon rising moon.\\nTlie crimson liaslies of the ^settin(t;- sun\\n(tIow from the window.s of the mighty dome,\\nAs if the giant of the eastle Hghtcd nj)\\nHis evening fires, and (jiiafled ]iis evening eiip.\\nFantastic shadows iheker to tuid fro.\\nAs fancy mist-wreaths, curling, come and go.\\nThe grand old Pilot stands, majestic ami sublime,\\nA kingly presence, frowning o er the hills of time;\\nHe reigned supreme, father of myriad rills,\\nWhen .Judah s star tirose on Orient hills\\nHe stood, a dread ambassador to heaven from earth,\\nWhen monting stars sang chorals to her birth\\nHis purple shadows- frowned o er rocky dell\\nF/re Tyre arose or Priani s city fell!\\n^Vhile Old World splendor facled into night,\\nOr Xcw World forests luiiled the dawning light;\\nHe stood alone, a mighty beacon liigii,\\nTelling the weary wanderer Home is nigh,\\n-V hoary priest he sits enthroned in state\\nWith sacerdotal stole and jewelled j)late;\\niluby, carneliiin, topaz, amethyst,\\n.Jasper, chalcedony, and sardonyx.\\nRich tints commingled, nntil, all aglow,\\nA violet splendor covered ;dl below\\nWhile far-up rocky steeps reflect the light.\\nAnd lambent tongnc-flamcs leap from height to height.\\nUpon his ca.stellatcd brow the evening star\\nBeanLS clear and bright, with glorj?- from afar.\\nThe mist-robed hills kneel to their great High I ricst,\\nIn dim confessional, from great to least;\\nAnd nature s choral anthem rings meanwhile\\nThrough every woodland nook and forest ai.sle.\\nThe wailing minor of the sad-voiced pines\\nIn Kyrie Eleison sweetly chimes,\\nX ntil the moon s soft benedii-tion gently falls,\\nAnd night s dark mantle shrouds them in u pall.\\nThe moon now beams queen regnant of the sky.\\nA.ssume.s tlic sceptre which the sun lays by\\nOrion leads the brilliant, starry host\\nWith stately tread they climli the shining cope;\\nWhile, in the centre nf this star-lit dome,\\nThou stand st oh ^Mount graml, beautiful, alone.\\nThe calm and restful .strength thy presence gives\\nImbues me with a new-born strength to live.\\nThe everlasting hills! with soothing art,\\nI ^er still the pulses of my restless hctirt,\\nAnd 1 anr raised from earth to jieaven\\nJ y strength and calm endurance throii rh thee iriviMi 1", "height": "3189", "width": "1631", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "C C) N T X T s\\nIiitroductorj 2\\nDiscovery and Settlement of Xortli Carolina. 3\\nThe Moravians, ....._ 4\\nWachovia, 6\\nFirst Settlement Ecthabara. 8\\nIndian War Bethania, 12\\nSalem, 17\\nWinston, 30\\nCounties\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Forsyth, 37\\nStokes, 43\\nSurry, 4S\\nWilkes, 50\\nAlleghany, 52\\nAshe, 53\\nWatauga, 55\\nCaldwell, 50\\nCatawba, 5()\\nBurke, 07\\nMitchell, 70\\nAlexander, 70\\nIredell, 71\\nYadkin, 7;;\\nDavie, 73\\nDavidson. 74\\nEowan, 77\\nGuilfoi d, 7S\\nRockingham, SO\\nCaswell. 84\\nAPPENDIX.\\nSalem Female Academy, 83\\n]Moravians Revolutionary War. 87\\nWasiiington Visits Salem, 92\\nAVho are the Moravians, 03\\nFrederick William De Marshall, 97\\nFirst Settlers and Heads of Families, 98\\nRemarkable Events in Moravian Settlements. 103\\nThe Sparkling Catawba Springs, 105\\nDistances from Salem to several Towns in X. W. N C. 107", "height": "3189", "width": "1631", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "GUIDE BOOK\\n]Sr. W. IsTortli Carolina,\\nCOXTAININi:\\nHISTORICAL SKETCHES\\nMORAVIANS IN NORTH CAROLINA,\\nA DESCEJPTWN OF THE COUNTRY\\n1 N i isT [M A L I r i;sr its.\\n^t i/-\\nSALEM, N. C.\\ny. 1 r.r.TM. rciNitK!;\\nr", "height": "3189", "width": "1631", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "INTK013XT0TI0X\\nIII this little Guide Book we purpose giving such general\\nJnfoi mation as will be of interest and benefit to the tourist, emi\\ngrant and general reader, embracing descriptions of the featui es\\nof the country, its products, industries, schools, c., as far as we\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0can procure them, as well as brief historical sketches.\\nA considerable portion of the book is devoted to the Moravians\\nIn North Carolina. Salem, Winston and the tobacco interests ol\\nthis section, whicli is alone worth the price of the book.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "GUIDE BOOK\\nOF\\nXoi tli-Westerii lionh (Jai olina.\\nCHAPTER I.\\nIHSCOVKRV AM) SETTLEMENT Of NORTH CAKOLINA.\\nThis State was settled as early as 1584, by Sir Walter Raleigh,\\nander a grant from Queen Elizabeth, for the possession of such\\nlands as he should discovery not occupied by a christian people.\\nTwo vessels were fitted out under the command of Philip Amidas\\nand Arthur Barlow, who left England April 27th, 1584, and an-\\nchored on the beach of Roanoke Island, July 4th of the same year.\\nIt is a singular coincidence that this same date, nearly two cen-\\nturies after, became our National birthday.\\nVarious parts of the present State of North Carolina had been\\nexplored by settlers of Virginia, and hero and there might be\\nfound, in the midst of friendly Indians, small clearings of the\\nwhite man, who had fled the religious persecution of liis native-\\ncountry or the tyranny of a colonial governor.\\nThe permanent settlement was not made, however, until Mai ch\\n1663, Wm. Drummond being appointed Governor, under the Loi ds\\nProprietors, to whom the King of England had granted letters\\npatent of all the territory between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans,\\nbetween the 31st and 36th paralells of latitude, and to bo called\\nCarolina.\\nThese eight i^roprietors were\\nEdward, Earl of Clarendon, Anthony, Lord Ashley.\\nGeorge, Duke of Albemarle, Sir George Carteret,\\nWilliam, Earl of Craven, Sir John Colleton,\\nJohn, Lord Berkeley, Sir AVilliam Berkely.\\nThese proprietors for a long time appointed the Governors, by\\nwhom the Colonies were sometimes well, sometimes ill managed,\\nbut still continued to increase in numbers and to expand in\\ncultivated lands. By the influence of Lord Granville, son of Sir\\nGeorge Carteret, who died in 1696, the General Assembly passed a\\nlaw in 1704, by which the Chtirch of England was acknowledged\\nas the established church of the colony, and received privileges\\nwhich were denied to all dissenters. This intolerant law produced\\nfrequent tumults among the people. In the beginning of the\\nnext century a new element Avas introduced into the colony by\\nthe arrival and settlement of a considerable number of Germans\\nand Swiss. Of the .^,000 Germans who had left their own country\\nto Reek their fortunes in the Far West, about 18,000 eventually", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "4 CUII)E liOOK OF\\nsettled in North Carolina. x\\\\l)out the same time, Christopher,\\nBaron le Gratlbnreid, received it grant of 1 0,000 acres of land\\non the Neuse and Capo Fear rivers, and settled there a body of\\n1,500 Swiss emigrants, by whom the town of New Eernc was\\nfounded. The seat of government was at that time in Edenton,\\ncalled so in 1720 in honor of Governor Eden.\\nIn 17a. the boundary-line was run between North Ca T)lina and\\nVirginia, and in H- iS the southern borders were more clearly de-\\nfined, tlio people of South Carolina having already in 1719 revolted\\nfrom the feudal sway of tlie lord proprietors, and expelled their\\ngovernor. Westward the extent of this colony was as yet quite\\nundefined.\\nBoth on account of the rebellion of the .South Carolinians, and\\nalso on account of the comparatively small revenues to be derived\\nfrom these transatlantic estates, the lord proprietors accepted the\\nproposals of the home government, and in 1729 surrendered their\\nclaims to the crown, receiving in return the sum of 2,500 pounds\\nsterling each, excepting John, Lord of Carteret, Baron of Ilarncs,\\nafterwards Earl of Granville, who conckuled to retain his eighth\\npart, which was laid off lor him in 1743, adjoining Virginia. It is\\nrather doubtful whether Lord Granville ever fully understood the\\nextent of his American possessions, which were bounded on the\\nNorth by the Virginia line, on the east by the Atlantic, on the\\nSouth by a line in latitude 35\u00c2\u00b0 ,34^ from the Atlantic Ocean, and\\non the west by the Pacific.\\nThe number of inhabitants of North Carolina in 1729 scarcely\\namounted to 10,000, mostly scattered along the coast, in tlic three\\n;Ounties of Albemarle, Bath and Clarendon.\\nThe immense territory of Lord Granville was for the most part\\nan uninhabited and utterly unknown wilderness. In 17 16 Gran-\\nville county was formed, and Anson county in 1749, which two\\ncounties contained the gi eater part of Lord Granville s vast posses-\\nsions. In 1753 Rowan county was formed from parts of Anson\\ncounty, and conijirehended most of the western part of the States\\nof North Carolina and Tenessee, covering the valley of the Yadkin,\\nand extending to or even beyond the Mississippi.\\nTHE MORAVIANS,\\n111 1749 the British Parliament passed an act by which the Unitas\\nFratrum, or Lmity of the Brethren, was acknowledged as a Protes-\\ntant Episcopal Church. By this act the free exercise of all their\\nrights as a C/,i rch was secured to the Moravian Brethren through-\\nout Great Britain and her Colonies.\\nDuring the protracted deliberation of the Parliament, which\\nlasted from February 20th to June Gth, and by means of many\\npublic documents collected in a folio volume as Acta Uiutatvt\\nFratniiii in Anglni, the attention of members of the Parliament, and\\nether men of high standing, was repeatedly drawn to the Moravians,\\nboth as a church organization and as a social body. The testimony\\nwhich Thomas Penn, proprietor of Pennsylvania, had given them\\nin 1747, when the first act of Parliament was granted in theh\\nbehalf, was abundantly confirmed, that they had conducted them-\\n.-:elves as n sober, quiet nnd religious people, and had made many", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NOHTll CAROLINA.\\njnipi overoents in tlieir settlomcnts which eventually would prove\\nbeneficial to the whole colony of Pennsylvania. Hence it seemed\\ndesirable to induce them to make settlements in other countries\\nalso, and invitations and offers of various kinds soon came in\\ngreater numbers tlian could be complied with, for want of means\\nand men. The most acceptable offer seemed that of Jjord Gran-\\nville, President of the Privy Council, who was the owner of a very\\nlarge tract of land in North Carolina, of vvhicii he oti -ired Count\\nZinzendorf 100,000 acres on very reasonable terms.\\nAt a Conference of the Brethren, held in Lindsay-house, London,\\nNovember 29th, 17- )1, it was resolved to accept tViis offer. The\\nleadinji idea of Count Zinzendorf was the following He desired\\nthat his Brethren might not only have an opportunity to be of\\nspiritual benefit to such jiei sons as in pi-ocess of time might settle\\nin their nf igliborhood. as well as to gain access to various tribes\\nof Indians, such as the Cherokees, the Cafawbas, the Creeks, and\\nthe Chickasaws. but his main object was to acquire the possession\\nof a larger tract of land where the Moravians might live undis-\\nturbed, having the liberty of excluding all strangers from their\\nsettlements. For this purpose it was resolvesd not to make the\\ngood quality of the land the principal object, nor to buy detached\\nparcels of the besi land, but rather to select an undivided tract of\\nabout ]00,t)00 acres. In the centre of this territory of the Brethren\\na town was to be laid out, containing the clioir-houses for single\\nbrethren, single sisters, and widows, the educational institutions\\nand mercantile establishmrnts. In this central plae\u00c2\u00ab were also to\\nbe located a preparatory school for ministers and missionaries, and\\nthe directing boards for the outward and S]iiritual afiairs of the\\nBrethren in this their own and independent country. Besides\\nthis one town, the rest ot the territory was to be parcelled out to\\nfarmers belonging to the Brethren s Churcii. .Vccording to an old\\nplan in our possession, the little capital of this new Moivavian coun-\\ntry was to be built in a circular form, the eiglit-cornered church to\\nform the centre, to be surrounded, in a large circle, by six choir-\\nhouses, an apothecary-shop, aiid a Moravian inn, between which\\nbuildings were to radiate eight streets, each with twenty town-lots,\\nto be interspersed with gardens and rows of shade trees in douole\\ncircles.\\nThis was the plan made in London by Count Zinzendorf and other\\nBrethren, to whom North Carolina was Lrni incogniia an utterly\\nunknown country. In order to select a tract suitable for the\\nintended settlement, Bisliop Spangenberg, who was well acquainted\\nwith American afiairs, was sent in 1752 to reconnoitre t|je country\\n;ind act according to his own judgment.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "UL iDE soox or\\nCHAPTER II.\\nWACHOVIA.\\nBisuop Spaxgeneekg having accepted the appoiuttneiit of select-\\ning in tbe trackless wilds of Western Carolina a tract of land of\\nsufficient extent for the purposes intended, left Bethlehem, in\\nPennsylvania, on the 25th of August, 1752. Ue was accompanied\\nby the brethren, Henry Antes, Timothy Horsefield, Josejih Miller,\\nHerman Loesch, and John Merk, all on horseback. In Edenton,\\nwhere they arrived September 10th, they were joined by Mr.\\nChurton, the surveyor-general and agent for Lord Granville. They\\ndirected their course to the Catawba river, which they reached by\\nthe end of October after great hardships. They had suffered more\\nor less from fevers, especially Br. Horsefield, who had to be left\\nat the last house they met, under the charge of Br. Miller. Br.\\nSpangenberg and his three companions, the surveyor, and two\\nhunters, were now at the end of all civilization, but, provided\\nwith bread for fourteen days, they manfully entered the forest\\nwilderness, scarcely, however, anticipating that they would be\\nwandering about here nearly fourteen weeks. It Avould be impos-\\nsible to give an exact account of their wanderings in these track-\\nless mountain regions of Western Carolina. Suffice it to say that\\nabout eight weeks were spent in the wilderness, on the Catawba\\nriver, the heads of the New river, the Mulberry Fields (Wilkes),\\nand the mountains, in fruitless attempts to make a suitable selec-\\ntion for all the tracts which they surveyed proved too small for\\ntheir intended purpose. Meanwhile winter had set in their\\nsupply of provisions, though used very sparingly, was entirely\\ncoHsumed, and they had to rely on the exertions of the two\\nhuntsmen who had accompanied them. But even they, though\\nwell accustomed to the roving foi-est life, became discouraged.\\nGame was not as plentiful as might be expected, and the pasture\\nfor the horses became more scarce. After three days of fasting,\\ntwo deer were shot, which revived their strength and courage.\\nFollowing tlieir compass eastward, they reached the river Yadkin\\nby the end of December, and willingly accepted the offer of some\\nwhite settlers to spend a few days under their humble but hospit-\\nable roof. In their neighborhood, and by their direction, they\\nfound at last what they had been seeking for too far west\\\\vard\\nin vain a larger tract of rolling woodland, well watered, and\\napparently well adapted .for their j-ian?.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "NORTH-H ESTERX NORTH CAROLINA. 7\\nDecember 27th, 1752, jit the southwest corner oi the Wuchovm\\ntract, the surveyors commenced, and continued to January 13th,\\n1753. The tract, surveyed in fourteen parcels, contained 73,037\\nacres. Br. Spangenberg and his companions havinc returned to\\nPennsylvania, Mr. Churton subsequently surveyed five other par-\\ncels, amounting with the others to 98,985 acres. The whole tract\\nwas called Wachovia, or AVachau the Ahc (or meadow-land) along\\nthe Wach (the j^rincipal creek) bearing some resemblance, on\\naccount of its watef-courses and meadow-lands, to a valley in\\nAustria of the same name, which formerly was in possession of\\nthe Zinzendorf family.\\nOn August 7th, 1753, John, Earl of Granville, the proprietor,\\nconveyed, according to the desire of Zinzendorf, by nineteen deeds,\\nthe title of this tract, lying in the forks of Gargalee. or Muddy\\nCreek, Rowan county, to fTames Mutton, of London, Secretary of\\nthe Unita.i Fratrum, or United Brethren.\\nBy dividing and subdividing the large county of Rowan, thi.s\\ntract has been successively in Rowan, 1770 in Surry, 1789 in Stokes,\\nand since 1848 in Forsyth.\\nThe purchase of Wachovia coinciding in time with the great\\nfinancial embarrassments of the Brethren in England, precluded\\nthe possibility of their paying the purcliase-money. In order to\\nobviate this difficulty, and because the American Brethren were\\nyet too poor to tako the responsibility upon themselves alone, it\\nwas resolved to form a hnul compaiu/, with the view of opening\\nsubscriptions among the members and friends of the Brethren, in\\norder to obtain funds for the payment of the land, the discharge\\nof the annual (]uitrent, the expenses of the first settlement, the\\ntiansportation of colonists from Pennsylvania and Europe, c.\\nThe subscribers were to be reimbursed for their advances by receiv-\\ning tracts of land in Wachovia, containing each 2,000 acres, provided\\nthey further bound themselves to contribute, pro rofa, to the wants\\nof the colony for five years fr\u00c2\u00aem the time of its establishment. It\\nwas expected that the enhanced price of the land would eventually\\nrejoay the outlays.\\nOn December 18th, 1753. Bro. Spangenberg and Cor;ielius van\\nLaer in Holland were appointed directors of this companj\\nSubscribers were obtained, though not as many as had been\\nanticii)ated, and the purchase was effected. The centre of tlie\\ntract was reserved for the Moravian settlements, and the whole\\nplan carried out in its main features, as will be shown in the sequel.\\nFor this purpose, F. W. de Marshall came to reside in North Caro-\\nlina in 17GS, as attorney for J. Hutton.\\nIn 1779, /vv/. 117//. MarsJiaU, the administrator of the estates\\nof the Unity in Wachovia, became the legal proprietor of all the\\nlands of the Brethren in North Carolina, James Ilutton having\\nby deed conveyed Wachovia to Marshall. This transfer occurred\\nduring the Revolutionpjy War, and fears being entertained that\\nby the confiscation act of North Carolina (1777) the legal title\\nmight be invalidated, Ilutton being an alien, the General Assembly\\nof North Carolina in 1782 revested in W. Marshall, his heirs and\\nassigns, forever, the Wachovia tract and all other lands in North\\nCarolina which had br on acquired by the I rethren.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "8 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nAfter the death of F. W. Marsliall, in 1802, the followin.a Brethren\\nheld the office of administrator of the Unity Estates in Wachovia\\nRev. Christian Lewis Benzien. 1S02 1811:\\nLewis D, de Schvveinitz, 1812\u00e2\u0080\u00941821\\nTheodore Schultz, 1821\u00e2\u0080\u00941844\\nCharles F. Kluge, 1844\u00e2\u0080\u00941853\\nRt. Rev. Emil A. de Schweinitz, 1853 1877.\\nIn 1877 the balance of these lands were purchased by tiic South-\\nern Province of the Moravian Church, and the office of adminis-\\ntrator or proprietor became extinct.\\nCHAPTER III.\\nFlUST SETTLEMENT AT BETHAUARA. 1753.\\nThe necessary preparations for forming a settlement in the dis-\\ntant forest wilds of the South having been completed, a company\\nof twelve siHgle Brethren set out from Bethlehem. Pa., October\\nSth, 1753.\\nAmong these we mention especially\\nBi rnhard Ac/am Grubc, who was the first minister of the infant\\nsettlement. He had received ordination in Germany in 1740, had\\nbeen actively and variously employed in Pennsylvania, and, after\\nhis return from Carolina, served there again as minister of different\\ncongregations till 1792. He died in 1808, at the advanced age of\\nninety-two years and nine months. As late as 1806, he expressed,\\nin a letter to the father of the writer, the great interest he took in\\nthe affairs of the Wachovia settlements. On his ninetieth birthday\\nhe ventured to walk from Bethlehem to Nazareth, a distance of\\nten miles, and a few days after retui-ned on foot.\\nJacob Laseh, the great-grandfather of the Lash family of Forsyth\\nCounty, born in the State of lS w York, where his father had\\narrived in 1710, was intrusted with the management and superin-\\ntendence of the colony in its temporal affairs. He returned to\\nPennsylvania in 1769, and died in 1782.\\nHans Martin Kalbcrlahn, a Norwegian by birth, arrived in Bethle-\\nhem in September, having lived for several years in Herrnhaag,\\nand cheerfully accepted the appointment of surgeon and medical\\nadviser to the first settlers. He died in 1759.\\nThe other nine brethren were farmers and mechanics, mostly\\nimmigrants from Europe.\\nThey were accomi)anied by the Bretliren Nathaniel Seidel and\\nJosejih Haberland, from Bethlehem, and Gottlob Konigsdorfer,\\nwho was on a visit in Pennsylvania from the European congre-\\ngations.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. y\\nTheir route led through the western part of V^irginia. In a\\nwagon with six horses thoy carried with them various articles\\nneeded on .1 long journey over roads seldom travelled. To provide\\nfood for their horses, some of their number would go to the differ-\\nent farms, sometimes ten miles off their road, and help to thresh\\nthe oats, besides paying its full value. Not unfrequently they had\\nto unload and carry a portion of the load over the mountains.\\nSometimes the night set in before this task was accomplished, and\\nthus the company bec;ime separated, some passing the night in\\nthe wagon, others sleeping under iheir tent. They generally\\nprepared their frugal morning meal at three oclock, and started\\nby the dawn of day, after their legular morning prayer. Traveling\\nby Winchester and Augusta Courthouse,* Va., a small town of\\ntwenty houses in the mountains, after crossing the Blue Ridge at\\nEvan s Gap, and passing the Upper Sauratown, they arrived on the\\n]3tli of November on the northern line of North Carolina. On\\nSaturday, the llt/i of JVovcmlx r. at three o clock, P. M., they reached\\nthe si)Ot where stands to this day the town of Bcthabara, now com-\\nmonly called OW Toim thankmg the Lord for his gracious help\\nand protection vouchsafed unto them during their long and toil-\\nsome journey of nearly six weeks.\\nHere they found shelter in a small cabin, built and previously\\ninhabited by a German of the name of Hans Wagner, but then un-\\noccupied. Though this cabin was very small, scarcely affording\\nroom for all to sleep in (Br. Kcinigsdorfer, in his hammock, being\\nsuspended over the heads of the others), still, they were thankful\\nfor even this scanty shelter, and resolved to remain here for the\\npresent. The daily word of the Church appointed for the day,\\nseemed very appropriate 1 know where thou i-Iwellest, Rev. ii. 13,\\neven in a desert place. To which was added the admonition. Be\\nye of one mind. In the evening, when keeping their first love-\\nfeast, tliey were forcibly reminded that it was a wilderness, for\\nthey heard the wolves howling round about the cabin.\\nThe next day, being Sunday, was a real day of rest to the wearj\\npilgrims; but on the following day they went cheerfully to work,\\nsome sharpening their axes and preparing their hoes, others be-\\nginning to construct a bake oven, one exploring the country to\\nfind a mill where they might buy corn, itc, whil^5t the three clerical\\nBrethren (N. Seidel, Konigsdorfer and Grube) were busy in the\\nhouse, preparing a kind of garret with rough boards, where they\\ncould store their goods.\\nPerceiving that the country was very thinlv inhabited, and that\\nthey could not rely on others for provisions ibr any length of time,\\nthey immediately set about clearing some land eight acres having\\nbeen selectecl for that purpose on the 19th, on the days following\\nthe clearing was effected and the ploughing done, so that on the\\n4th of December Bro. Losch was able to sow the first wheat in this\\nhitherto uncultivated soil.\\nFour days after their arrival, November 21st, the Brethren cele-\\nbrated the Lord s Supper, on which occasion the Saviour mani-\\nfested his presence in their midst so graciously, that their faith\\nand liope were gre*itly sti engthened, notwithstanding the prospect\\nNow Siaui .tou.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "10 GUIDK BOOK oy\\nof many trials and diflicult.ies awaiting them in the prosecution of\\ntheir labors. Diftioulties of various kinds were not wanting. The\\nBrethren N. 8eidel, Konigsdorfer, liaberland and Lisher having\\nleft them for Pennsylvania, December 19th, the remaining eleven\\nBrethren made preparations for tlie coming winter. One was des-\\npatched to bring salt from Virginia, a distance of fortj miles\\nanother went to the Dan river to buy oxen for winter use while\\nseveral took a two days journey to the Yadkin, to buy flour\\nand corn. They occasionally supplied themselves with game,\\nsuch as the deer and wild turkey, and not unfrequently the present\\nof a bear was received from a neighbor. Beaver, though scarce,\\nwere sometimes trapped, and wolves and panthers were often\\nheard close by at night. On January 1st, 1754, their little cabin\\ncaught tire, wliich was providentially discovered and extinguished\\nbelore much damage was done. A week later, one of tlieir number\\nwas nearly killed by a falling limb whilst felling a tree. The\\ngreatest difhculty was the want of house-room in their small cabin,\\nwhich scarcely sufficed them, and proved quite too small when\\ntravellers wished to stay over night those who were invalids being\\nattracted by the medical and surgical skill of Br. Kalberlahn,\\nwhicli was soon in great demand in the whole neighborhood, even\\nto a distance of sixty miles. Money being scarce in the country\\nthe Moravian doctor was paid in provisions of various kinds, or\\nlivestock, which materially assisted them in their general house-\\nkeeping. Their tailor. Br. Peterson, was also soon brouijht into\\nrequisition by the wants of the scattered settlers, who hitherto, if\\nnot destitute of clothing, were still in considerable straits, as their\\noriginal stock was nearly exhausteil. and the use of the needle and\\nthe loom not yet introduced among them. One day, for instance,\\na young man by the name of John Williams, living seven miles\\ndistant, brought several deerskins, instead of linsey woolen, for his\\nneedful nether garments. In order to afford better accommoda-\\ntions, a second cabin was erected, with a shed of split rails and\\nposts to serve as general sleeping apartments. The garden was\\nlaid out and fenced in, and roads cut through the woods. Thtis\\npassed the first winter of the Moravians in ISorth Carolina.\\nIn April, 1754, quite unexpectedly, in company with John\\nLisher (who returned from Pennsylvania), Br. John Jacob Frio;\\narrived, being successor of Br. Grube, who was recalled to the\\nNorth. Br. Fries, who was born in Denmark, where, previous to\\nhis emigration, he had officiated as an assistant minister, and was\\nknown as an occomplished scholar, especially in the Hebrew lan-\\nguage, was nevertheless a very humble servant of the Lord, ready\\nto do the meanest service for his brethren, and peculiarly adapted\\nfor such a station in the wilderness. He often referred to that\\ntime which he spent in this patriarchal housekeeping, amidst\\nmany toils and great privations, as the happiest period of his life.\\nUtterly averse to all formality, he preferred to be a free servant of\\nthe Lord, instead of accepting any permanent appointment He\\nassisted in preaching and teaching whenever and wherever he\\nthought he could be most useful, even unto his eightieth year. He\\ndied in 1793.\\nOne day a stranger arrived, embraced the Brethren most affec-\\ntionatelv. and said that he also was a Brother and a servant of the", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "NORTU-M ESTIiRN SOUTH C AUOl.I.NA. 11\\nLord, Charles Wesley by name. Br. Fries had his doubts about\\nthe truth of this story, and after listening for a vThile to his reli-\\ngious professions, advised him in future rather to make horses and\\ncows the subject of his conversation, which would suit him bettor,\\nand do less harm to others. He had scarcely gone, wlien a friend\\nof the Brethren, from Yadkin, came to inquire how this pretender\\nhad been received by them confirming what Br. Fries liad sus-\\npected, tkat he loved whisky more than his Saviour.\\nIn Sei tember, Bishop P. Bolder arrived, accompanied by Br.\\nHoger. During his stay, the name of Bcthahara (house of passage,\\nJohn i. 28, 2 Sam. xix. 19) was given to the new settlement still\\nkeeping in view, at a future day, the founding of a more central\\nsettlement, although it was resolved, for the present, to continue\\nthen- present improvements. About this time more detailed sur-\\nveys of the ditferent parts of Wachovia were made, and on that\\noccasion nnmos were given to the numerous watercourses, by which\\nsome of them are still known. The Gargalee creekwas called Dorothea,\\nin honor of Countess Zinzendorf the great Lick Fork was called Jo-\\nhanna, Grave Fork was called Benigna, and the whole tract in cul-\\ntivation received tlie nameof Christiansburg, asmost of the settlers\\nhad come from Christiansbrun in Pennsylvania.\\nTheir number was increased, on October 26th, by the arrival of\\nseven Brethren, led by Br. Christensen, who was to superintend\\nthe erection of a mill. A few days after their arrival a general\\nmuster of the militia took place. By act of Parliament, the Breth-\\nren were exempt fiom military dutj and their not participating\\ncaused the ill will of their neighbors to be manifested in various\\nways. In order to vex the Brethren, the piece of meadow-land\\njust sown with grass, was selected and used for military exercises\\nwhich compelled the Brethren to repe^it their work upon the land,\\nand even to procure new seed from Pennsylvania. Some of the\\nhorses became frightened and were not, recovered until a week\\nafter. The Brethren meanwhile continued their daily labor, and\\nfound opportunities to sell different articles, and thus to create a\\nmarket for themselves.\\nThe necessity of erecting a suitable building having become\\nmore urgent by the arrival of these seven Brethren from Pennsyl-\\nvania, on the 2Gth of November, 17r)4, the corner-stone of the first\\nhouse erected by them in North Carolina was laid with due solem-\\nnity, thus providing for a habitation where these Brethren, all being\\nunmarried, might live together in Christian fellowship. On the\\n11th of March this building (a log house) was dedicated, during a\\nvisit of Bishop David Nitschman and Christian Thomas Bcnzein.\\nand soon after the Brethren moved into it.\\nIt api)earing desirable, according to the then existing customary\\ndivision of the country, to have the district of Wachovia formed\\ninto a separate parisji (for a separate county the number of inhabi-\\ntants was too small), Br. (Christian Thomas Benzien, secretary of\\nthe Wachovia Land Company, went to New Berne and obtained an\\nact of Assembly, by whicii lliis district was declared a sep.arate par-\\nish, by the name of Dobhs Parish, which name was retained until\\nthe year 177G.\\nIn the course of this year (1773) the number of inhabitants was\\nincreased by the arrival of twentv-thi-oe single Brethren and seven", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "12 c;uii)E iJOOK or\\nmarried couples, among whom was Clir. Hdar. .Racrh, the first mis-\\nsionary among the Indians, as their spiritual guide. In the mean\\ntime the building of a grist-mill had been commenced, as well as\\na dwelling and meeting-house, the corner-stone of which was laid\\non October 25th.\\nBoth buildings were finished in the course of 1756, the former\\nproving of great advantage, not only to the inhabitants of the\\nplace, but to the whole neighborhood, both then, and subsequently\\nin times of scai city. The seven married couples moved into the\\nnew building in February, and here, on May 11th, the first child\\nwas born in Bethabara, and in holy baptism received the name of\\nAnna ilohanna Ki ause. In August, Bishop M. llehl paid a visit,\\nand introduced Br. Chrif^tiun /SV/ /r/ as German miiiister of Bethabara,\\nwhile Br. Gottlob Hoffman had the special charge of the single\\nBrethren, in Br. Fries s p ace. who had )-eturned to Pennsylvania.\\nBr. C. H. Kauch being appointed missionary for Jamaica, Br. and\\nSr. Dar fd IVtxhop assisted in the special care of souls among the\\nmarried jieople.\\nThe number of colonists was further increased by new arrivals\\nfrom Pennsylvania, amounting at the close of ]75rt to sixty-five per-\\nsons (^eighteen married people, forty-four ffingle Brethren, one boy\\nand two infants).\\nThus, the first difficulties of a new settlement in the i ore;t hav-\\ning bf^en overcome, more prosperous times could rea^^onably be\\nexpected.\\nCHAPTER\\nINDIAN WAR. RETUAMA. 1759.\\nThe favorable prospects of the colony were for several years dis-\\nturbed by the breaking out of the Indian war generally called the\\nOld French war. Tliis commenced in the Northern colonies in\\n1755, and also affected the Brethren, ten Brethren and Sisters\\nbeing murdered on- the Mahoney, November 24th, 1755. Grad-\\nually it spread more to the South. In 1756 it was found expedient\\nto fortify the new settlement by surrounding it witli palisades,\\nwhence it was commonly called the Dutch Fort. The mill was\\nalso fortified in a similar manner. These fortifications, rude and\\nimperfect as they no doubt were, soon became very important for\\nthe whole neighborhood. Many fugitives, even iVom distant parts\\nof Virginia, there found a place of refuge and a temi)orary home,\\nand at the same time an opportunity to hear tlio word of eternal\\nlife. Some of these afterwards entered into a more close connec-\\ntion witli the Brethren. As yet there was no real danger. Occa-\\nsional detached com))aiiies ol Cherokee warriors, as also several", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "NOKTH-WESTKKX NOKTJl lAROLlXA. 1\\nbodies; of Crrek and Catawba Indians, passed through tin- sottle-\\nmont, or enciiuped near the mill. Receiving plenty to eat, they\\nbehaved very well, and gave no cause for comjilaint. Sometimes\\ntliey were accompanied by British oflicers, wlio paid for them. At\\nother times, coming alone, with a passport of the English govern-\\nment, they were freely received and hosi)itably entertained (the\\ngovernment of North Carolina afterwards remunerating tlie Mora-\\nvians). In consequence, Bethabara became a noted place among\\nthe Indians, as the Dutch Fort, wliere there are good jieople and\\nmuch bread. Br. Ettvvein, who had come from Betlilehem on a\\nvisit in 1758, took an esjjecial interest in them, and asked a com-\\npany of sixty warriors whether they would like it ii some of ouv\\nyoung i)eople should come to their country to learn their language\\nto which they replied that they would bo proud of it, it would be\\na very good thing. In 1757 and 17oS more than five hundred\\nIndians passed through the settlement at vai ious times.\\nWith Br. Ettwein, Br. Jui-i i?o//(/-v arrived in Bethabara in July.\\n1758, having been appointed the first Englisli minister of Dobbs\\nParish. He wa\u00c2\u00ab a deacon of the Episv^opal Church, had come to\\nthis country in 1752, and served as Moravian minister in Philadel-\\nphia and New York, and in Wachovia till 1702, when he returned\\nto England.\\nIn consequence of the war, a famine prevailed in parts of\\nNorth Carolina and the adjacent districts of Virginia, and many\\npeople resorted to Kethabara (some even coming the distance of\\none hundred miles) to purchase flour. The Brethren having, with\\nthe assistance of those who had found a place of refuge with them,\\nclearcd^an additional sixty acres of land, were thereby enabled to\\nsupply them at the usual prico while, at the same time, they\\nomitted no opportunity to point out to them the necessity of pro-\\nviding for the wants of their soids, and seeking to obtain the\\nbread of life. Some of these refugees, who had become concerned\\nfor the salvation of their souls imder the preaching of the gospel,\\napplied for permission to join the Church. To accommodate them,\\nas well as others of the older settlers, who would have preferred\\ntheir own housekeeping to the general family economy, the estab-\\nlishment of a new settlement was resolved upon. With a view to\\nfind a suitable location, Br. Spangenberg, who had arrived on an\\nofficial visitation, Juno 1759, with several others, went to the so-\\ncalled Walnut Bottom, about three miles north-west of Betha,-\\nbara, and there, on the 12th of June, selected the spot on which\\nthe settlement was to be formed. Thirty town lots and two tracts\\nof bottom land were at once surveyed and marked off by Br.\\nRenter, as well as a number of acres of upland for gardens and\\norchards, and about two thousand acres set apart for the use of\\nthis congregation, to which the name of lidhania was given.\\nIt was resolved that eight married couples of tlie ethabara\\ncongregation should form the nucleus of this new settlement, and\\nshould be supported for a year, until their houses could l e built\\nand some land brought into cultivation. The names of these first\\nsettlers, who built the lower part of the village, were\\nGottfried Grabs, Balthasar Ilege, Charles Opiz,\\nChristopher Schmidt, John Beroth, Adam Kramer,\\nMichael Ranke, llenrv Bietl el.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "14 t.uiDE uO -K or\\nThey began telliuL trees on July lUth, on the ioili the lots wcie\\ndistributed by lot, and on the 18th Br. Grabs with his wife occupied\\nthe first cabin erected tliere tlie daily word on that day being, I\\nwill fear no evil, for thou art with me, P.s. xxiii., which proved a\\nword of much comfort to them amidst the liorrors of a cruel war,\\nand the consequent necessity of being on the alert both day and\\nnight.\\nBesides these Brethren, eight neiglibors were allowed for the\\npresent to occupy a number of lots in tlie upper part of xho new\\nsettlement. These were\\nMartin llouser, and his two m;irned son^,\\nGeorge and Michael Houser\\nHenry -Spaenhauor\\nJohn Strup\\nPhilip Shaus\\nFrederick Sliore, a widower, aiul his son,\\nHenry Shore.\\nIn 1760, Br. Bishop moved to Bethania, to keep the daily\\nmeetings.\\nAbout the time when the new settlement was commenced, and\\nall was bustle and activity in the Black Walnut Bottom, an alarm-\\ning sickness broke out in Bethaba.ia, which proved fatal in many\\ncases. In quick succession were called to their eternal home, Sr.\\nMary Kogers, wife of the English minister Sr. Maria C. Seidcl,\\nand her husband, Christ. Gottfried Seidel. the German minister,\\nonly forty-one years old Hans Martin Kalberlahn, the doctor\\nand five other single Brethren and one married Sister\u00e2\u0080\u0094 mostly\\nafter a sickness of only three or four days. Fourteen more were\\nvery ill, expecting then departure also, and twenty had a less\\nserious attack of the same fever. Tliere were but nineteen who\\nentirely escaped this epidemic. As their physician had been one\\nof the first who departed, Br. Spangenberg became not only the\\nspiritual but also the medical adviser of his brethren.\\nIn Br. Seidel s stead, John Efticcui, who had returned to Penn-\\nsylvania, was recalled to Wachovia. Accompaniefl by his wife,\\nthey accomplished the long and tedious journey on horseback.\\nDuring the trip, Br. Ettwein suffered much from a severe attack of\\nfever. For the space cf nine days he was daily compelled to lie\\nupon the ground five or six hours, losing all consciousness from the\\nseverity of the fever. Sr. Spangenberg was also sick for several\\nmonths, which obliged her htisband to remain longer than he had\\nintended. This was very fortttnate, as he proved the very man to\\nadvise and direct his Brethren in the real difficulties and dangers\\nof the Indian war, which recommenced in October, 1759.\\nThe Cherokees and Creeks having declared war against all the\\nwhite people, and murdered seven persons near Fort Loudon, the\\nNorth Carolina militia was ordered to assemble in Salisbury, in\\nNovember, 1759. The Brethren being exempt from military ser-\\nvice, rennxined on their land, and Br. Losch received a commission\\nas captain of the Dutch Fort and governor of the watches in\\nBethabara and Bethania. Almost daily, either Br. Spangenberg or\\nBr. Ettwein. accompanied by some Brethren, went to Bethania,\\none going and remaining there, the others returning. On one\\noccn=ion. Br. Ettwein relates, (probably in March. 1760), w^hen", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "\\\\(JRTH-M KSTKICN XOKTH AROI.INA. 15-\\noaily in the. morning the iisK^ks ot Indians had been observed, the\\naoconipanying I rethren were rather fearful, because we generally\\nrode quite ?:iowly, and were talking among themselves how they\\nmight make Spangenberg ride faster. When they came to the\\ndense woods, where the most danger was to bo api)rehended,\\nSpangenberg said You don t know how to ride let me lead.\\nSaying which, he set off at full speed, never stopping till they came\\nto Bethania. There Spangenberg remained, whilst he returned to\\nBethabara, but was treated with less ceremony. It is not yet\\nsafe, my companions said we must ride as fast as we can Span-\\ngenberg has also done so and thus we were racing day after day.\\n(t was subsequently jiroved that this precaution, as well as the\\norders of Spangenberg to have the churcli-bell rung every morning\\nat dawn of day, was not needless. Often in the morning the traces\\nof Indians were found quite near the houses, and it was afterwards\\nascertained, through some who had been prisoners among the\\nindia)is, that one luindred and fifty of their wan-iors had en-\\ncamped for nearly six weeks about six miles from Bethania, whilst\\na smaller camp was only three miles distant. Several times they\\nwere on the point of attacking the Fort of the Dutch, but when\\nthey came near they heard the big bell, a sign that they had been\\ndiscovered. Their design of taking prisoners between the old and\\nnew town had also been unsuccessful, for, as they expressed it,\\nthe Dutchers had big, fat horses, and rode like the devil. Thus,\\nunder the kind providence of God, no assault was made upon\\neither of the two settlements but still a strict watch was kept by\\nday and night, the new burying-ground, which was cleared in De-\\ncember, 1757 (being situated on the top ol a very high hill), prov-\\ning a very convenient jilace for this purpose.\\nDuring this time, a man wounded by the Indians arrived in\\nBethabara, with two arrows still in his body. He had started out\\naccompanied by two others, to obtain provisions from some of the\\nneighbors, but suddenly they found themselves surrounded by\\nIndians, who, after discharging their guns without effect, attacked\\nthem with bows and arrows. J lis two companions were killed on\\nthe spot he himself, however, escaped, and, though thus wounded,\\nreached and forded the Yadkin river,- but, meeting Indians on the\\nopposite side, recrossed the stream, and, after losing his way and\\nwandering about twenty-four hours in the woods, he arrived at the\\nDutch Fort, where Br. Lash extracted the arrows, one of which\\nhad nearly pierced him thi ough.\\nA Baptist preacher, John Thomas, was killed near Abbott s\\nCreek by the Indians. In a short space of time no less than fifteen\\npersons were murdered in the tieighborhood.\\nA fall of snow in March caused the enemy finally to retire,\\nwhereby quiet was restored, so that the blessed season for com-\\nmemorating the Saviour s suiferLngs, death, and resurrection\\nproved a time of rich spiritual enjoyment. On Easter-Sunday, a\\ncompany of Orange county riflemen, sixty persons, arrived and\\nrequested Br. Spangenberg, as the German preacliing was just\\nclosed, to preach again for them, in the English language, with\\nwhich reijuest he cheerfully complied, selecting Acts ii. 3(3 for his\\ntext. The whole comp.iny, having laid down their arms before\\nthe house, listened with awe and attention to the fatherly", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "16 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nadmonition of the venerable Bishop, whose words seeuicd to makr\\na deep impression on many.\\nOn April 27th, Br. Spangenberg finished his labors in Wachovia.\\nand returned again to Pennsylvania. He left for Europe in 1762,\\nwhere he served the P)rethren s Unity as an active and influf^ntial\\nmember of the Unity s Elders Conference, nearly thirty years.\\nHe died in Berthelsdorf, in Saxony, September ISth, 1792. at th\\nadvanced age of eighty-eight years.\\nHi 1761, the war witli the Indians was brought to a close. TIil\\nSouth Carolina militia having entered, near Fort Prince George,\\nthe country of the Cherokees east of the mountains, burnt about\\neight hundred houses, and laid waste thirteen hundred acres of\\nIndian corn, the Hidians were lorced to sue for peace, while, at\\nthe same time the transmontane Cherokees were subdued by the\\nVirginians. I ho latter were assisted by North Carolina troops, and\\nsupplied with large quantities of flour from tlie Bethabara mill.\\nPeace being fully restored, in the following year (1762) a com-\\npany of fifteen Brcthien and Sisters arrived from Pennsylvania, by\\nway of Wilmington, among whom were the Brethren Jolm Mlclio,cl\\nGraff (died 1782 as Bishop) and Airal avi dr. Gamm^rrn, both ap-\\npointed to offices in this settlement. They brought with them a\\nsmall organ, the first in this place, an instrument at that time but\\nlittle known in the colony, and also a bell for Bethania. In July,\\neight couples were married, among them L. G. Bachhofi minister\\nof Bethania. Br. Ettwein undertook along missionary journey as\\nfar as Charleston, preaching and holding meetings wherever\\nopportunity offered.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "XORTir-UESTKRV NORTH CAKOLINA. 17\\nCIIAPTHU V\\nSALEM 170G.\\nBr. F. W. (le Mausuam, had been appointed directoi- of the\\nsecular attairs in Wachovia, and Br. Ettwein his assistant until he\\nhimself could remove to the South. It had heen recommended hj\\nthe General Board of the Unity that the place for the central\\nsettlement, which, by direction of the late Count Zinzendorf, pre-\\nvious to his departure in May, 17G0, was to be called Salem, should\\nbe determined upon as soon as possible. Therefore, in 17G5, duv-\\nina the temporary presence of Br. Marshall and John Frommelt,\\na spot was selected which seemed suitable for the intended pur-\\npose. Tlie situation was nearly central, between the Middle Fork,\\nor Wach, the Brushy Fork, or Lick, and the Petersbach. The\\ndaily word on that day, February 14th, was very encouraging\\nLet thine eyes be opened towards this house night and day, even\\ntoward the place of which Thou hast said, My name shall be there.\\n1 Kings viii. 29.\\nMeanwhile the number of iniiabitants had been increased by\\nnew arrivals from Pennsylvania and from Europe. In 1764 two\\ncompanies arrived from Pennsylvania, the first consisting of eight\\nadult persons, the second of twelve youths, led by Br. Lawrence\\nBagge, who succeeded Br. Hoffman as spiritual guide of the single\\nBrethren. In January, 1766, the first company direct from Europe,\\nconsisting of one married couple and eight single Brethren, arrived,\\nby way of Charleston. Four of these and four residents of Beth-\\nabara removed on the IDth of February to a log house* erected in\\nthe woods, for which the first tree had been cut down on January\\n6th. On the following day, the 20th of February, Br. Renter\\nThis log house is still staiuliiig, though considerably enlarged, and\\nused as a potter-shop.\\nIn June, 17G(;, rlie corner-stone w^as laid for tlie first family house, which\\nwas fiiiislicd in August. Br. Praezel put up his loom there, and Charles\\nHolder commenced the saddlery business. This house is .still standing,\\nand may easily be recognized by its dilapidated appearance. Next to Patter-\\nson Go s Store.\\nA two-story building, commenced in the same year, and finislied the.\\nnext, served as a meeting-house till 1771. Patterson it Co s Store", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "18 GUIDK BOOK OF\\nsurveyed the ridge, and laid out the square of tlie future town of\\nSalem, The names of the first settlers were\\nGottfried Praezel, from Europe. George Holder, from Bethabara.\\nNiels Peterson, Jacob Steiner,\\nJens Schmidt, Michael Zeigler,\\nJohn Birkhead, Melchior Rasp,\\nGoing to their solitary hut in the woods, they were so fortunate\\nas to kill two deer, part of which Br. Peterson prepared for dinner.\\nThe first dwelling-house was finished in August.\\nIn October and iNovember of the same year two companies\\narrived from Pennsylvania, the first consisting of eight youths,\\nfour single Brethren, and one widower, the latter of sixteen Sisters\\nor girls, accompanied by Br. Richard Utley, who now entered as\\nEnglish minister of Dobbs Parish. Previous to this arrival, Br. M.\\nSchropp had entered upon his duties as warden, Br. A. v. Gammern\\nhaving been called to his eternal home the year before.\\nBr. Ettwein, who had continued from time to time to visit in\\nSouth Carolina, and embraced many opportunities for preaching\\nthe Gospel in the vicinity of the Congaree, Saluda, and Broad\\nRivers, after serving the Lord faithfully in various capacities for\\nseven years, now returned to Pennsylvania, having been appointed\\na member of the General Conference at Bethlehem. At the close\\nof the year Bethabara contained one hundred and twenty-two\\ninhabitants, and Bethania eighty-seven.\\nAfter the death of Br. M. Schropp, in September, 1767, the\\nBrn. Graff, Utley, L. Bagge, and J. Loesch formed a Diaconsi\u00c2\u00abs\\nConference, and managed the secular aftiiirs of the three settle-\\nments till Br. Marshall arrived, in 1768, accompanied by Traugott\\nBagge, merchant, and several other Brethren Irom Europe.\\nBr. Marshall now entered permanently upon the duties of his\\noflSce, and under his energetic administration of affairs the work\\nof the new settlers progressed rapidly. In 1771 Br. Paid Tiersck\\narrived as the first minister of the future Stlem congregation. He\\nwas soon after followed by the Brethren John Lorez and Christian\\nGregor, from Germany, accompanied by Br. Ettwein, irom Beth-\\nlehem. These Brethren, with Br. H. C. A. de Schweinitz, from\\nBethlehem, had been commissioned by the General Board of the\\nUnity to visit the congregations in North America. During this\\nvisit several important changes were made. The superintendence\\nof the afiairs of Wachovia, hitherto vested in the General Board in\\nIn 1770 four single Brethren arrived from Euroi^e. One of these, John\\nKlein, appointed to superintend the outward affairs of the congregation of\\nSalem as warden, whilst on a journey to Cross t reek (now Fayetteville),\\nwas drowned in attempting to ford Little River. His body was afterwards\\nrecovered and brought to 8aleni.\\nTwo others, T. Nissen (afterwards minister to FriedlancI) and A. Browsing,\\nexperienced a remarkable preservation of their lives. Returning in a\\nsvagon from Salisbury, they found that the ferry-boat, on which they\\nhoped to cross the river, had been taken away. The driver resolved to\\nford the river, though warned not to do so, as the water was very deep.\\nThey had scarcely entered, when the horses commenced swimming, and\\nthe wagon rolled over twice. The driver and three horses were drowned,\\nbut the two Brethren succeeded in gaining .a footing on the top of the\\nwagon, and remained in this perilous position for two hours, until tlie.y\\nwere rescued by a canoe.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "XORTIJ-WKSTKUN NORTH CAROUNA. 19\\nBethlehem, was transferred to a separate Board oi Directors con-\\nsisting of the Brethren Marshall, Grail Tiersch and Utley and\\nthe system of common liouse-keeping, hitherto maintained in\\nBethnhara, and partly in .Salem, was relinquished. In 1772 a sepa-\\nration of the two congregations took place, a majority of the inhab-\\ndtants of Bethabara removing to Saiem, which now became the\\ncentre of trade and commerce in Wachovia. By these measures\\nthe original design of establishing oue principal congregation was\\ncarried out, nineteen years after the arrival of the first Brethren\\nin Wachovia.\\nAmong the married people were the following, as first settlers in\\nSalem\\nF. W. Marshall, director of outward affairs Rev. P. Tiersch,\\nminister; Rev. R. Utley, warden Dan.Schnopf, Matthew Miksch,\\nGeorge Holder, Jacob Meyer, Jacob Steiner, Traugott Bagge,\\nmerchan), John Henry Herbst, Charles Holder, Valentine Beck;\\nPhilip Meyer, Chr. Gottl. Router, Jacob Bonn, physician J. G.\\nStockburger, Gottfried Aust.\\nJ hc town lots of Salem were originally held under a lease system,\\nthe improvements on such lots being owned by the lessee. No\\nsales could be made without the consent of the Board of Trustees\\nof the Congregation. In case the improvements were offered for\\nsale, and no suitable purchaser could be found, then the property\\nwas bought by the Church, at a fair valuation.\\nThis exclusive system was abolished about 1849, and the lots\\nwere sold in fee simple. The town remained under the direct con-\\ntrol of the Church authorities until 1857, when it was regularly\\nincorporated by the Legislature.\\nThere is but one church (Moravian) in Salem. The articles of\\nfaith of this denomination are governed principally by the Augs-\\nburg Confession. Baptism is administered by pouring, and in\\nthis rite is guided by the reading of 1 Cor. vii. 14. There arc\\nmonthly communions during the year. This sacrament is held in\\nthe Geiman and English languages, and is generally conducted by\\nthe pastor, assisted by two resident clergymen. The Liturgical\\niServices are similar to those of the Episcopal Church, and one is\\nread every Sabbath morning previous to the sermon.\\nThe Church holds open communion with all evangelical Chris-\\ntian denominations. The services are peculiarly interesting at\\nChristmas and Easter, which are under all circumstances faithfully\\nobserved by the Moravians throughout the world. The Choir\\nmusic is most excellent, and compares favorably with that in the\\nlarger towns and cities, and is very often superior in every respect.\\nThe fcstivu/s, or memorial days of the Church, are observed with a\\nlovefeast and communion.\\nThe married people, widows, young men and women, youth\\nand children have each a festal day set apart, during which appro\\npriate services are held in the church.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "20 GUIDK BOOK OF\\nDeaths among tlie members of the Church are announced by a\\nband of music from the church tower. The airs are so arranged\\nthat those well versed in the church music can tell whether the\\ndeceased is married or single, old or young, male or female.\\nThe usages of German European society were observed for many\\nyears, but these customs have gradually become Americanized,\\n.although many of them yet linger among them.\\nAmong the peculiar institutions of the early days w.is a single\\nBrethren s house, where unmarried men of all ages could find a\\ncheap boarding and lodging place, under the sujservision of an\\ninspector. The inmates dined in a large dining-hall (refectory)\\nand lodged in spacious dormitories on the upper floors or attic of\\nthe building. The large living rooms were occui )ied by several\\nBrethren, while the smaller rooms were rented to individuals.\\nThe rules of the house were, enforced by the inspector, while the\\ncook was lord of the kitchen, and it was always best to keep on\\nthe best of terms with him. The prices paid for these accommo-\\ndations were very low, and intended only to pay current expenses,\\nkeep up repairs, ic. The living rooms were j)lainly furnished by\\nthe renters, and unnecessary show was always discountenanced,\\nif not actually forbidden. This Brethren s house has long since\\nbeen discontinued and is now occupied as a Widows house, where\\nwidowed members of the Church find a comfortable asylum, at\\nmoderate rentals.\\nThe single Sisters hou-;e, an a ylum for single sisters, is yet in\\nsuccessful operation.\\nThese two buildings, (Widows and .Sisters house) with the\\nChurch, Academy, Boys School and several large residences,\\ngrouped about the Public Square, give this part of Salem some-\\nthing of the appearance of an old German town. Indeed, all the\\nsurroundings of the town remind one very forcibly of Continental\\nEurope, environed, as it is, by beautiful rolling woodlands and fine\\nmeadc Ws, through which meander limpid streamlets, all affluent\\nof the Middle Fork of the Muddy Creek, which flows at the lower\\nend of the town. The elevation of Main Street is about 1000 feet\\nabove the sea, giving to the town a salubrious atmosphere and\\nmost excellent water.\\nAiriong the peculiar customs of the good old times is a night-\\nwatchman, who originally intoned or sang, in the German language,\\nthe time of night, and announcing that all was well. Now, the\\nconch-shell is used and time indicated in the following manner:\\n10 o clock, one long tone; H o clock. 2 long tones; 12 o clock\\n3 long tones. After 1 o clock, 1 short note at 2 o clock, 2 short\\nnotes, c., c. The watchman retiring about 4 o clock, A. M., or\\nremains on his beat without noting tlie passing hours.\\nThe most solemn and peculiar ceremony of the church is the\\nburial of the dead. On the day of interment, the pastor repairs to\\nthe homo of the deceased, and after singing a hymn the coffin is\\nclosed and removed to a bier, and borne by six church members,\\nselected by tl^ chief sexton, and who are expected to perform the\\nduty without fail, or secure a l rother in tlieir place, in case of\\nsickness or inability to attend. The body is borne to the Church\\nand placed in a vault built for the purpose, and the congregation\\nenter tlie Church and hear the funeral sermon, after which they", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "NOKTII-VV KSTKRN NURllI CAKOLIXA. 21\\nassemble in i ront of the Cliui-cli and sing ;i hymn, form a proces-\\nsion, headed oy a band of sacred music, and proceed to the grave-\\nyard, wliere a peculiar litany is i)rayed, and tlm re^uains lowered\\ninto the grave. The graveyard is a beautiful spot, and the long\\nCedar Avenue ivhich leads to the city of the dead is one of the\\nprides of the town. It is one of the finest promenades of the kind\\nin the South, and is visited much by tourists and citizens, who\\nnever tire contemplating its (juiet beauties.\\n.4it Christmas and Easter the Church services are most peculiar\\nand^ interesting. We copy the following from The Academy, the\\nnew monthly journal ol the well known Salem Female Academy,\\nas the description is lively and fresh\\nWe shall never forget the Merry Christmas and Happy New\\nYear of 1877-8 at the Academy. We had ample illustration of the\\nMoravian faculty for making such fi^stive seasons thoroughly enjoy-\\nable whilst maintiiining a strict rt/gard for spiritual profit. The\\nrejoicings of the Church imparted their glow to our holiday pleas-\\nures, which were purified and sweetened by being brought int\u00c2\u00a9\\ncontact with heavenly things, and all this without any appearance\\nof afiectation or artificiality, and without any undue repression of\\nyouthful spirits.\\nOn Christmas Eve we attended love-feast. We found the\\nchurch beautifully decorated with festoons and arches of ever-\\ngreens. The joyi ul words whose import every christian feels, espe-\\ncially at Christmas, greeted our eyes in letters of living green from\\ntlie gallery, Glory to God in the highest and on earth peace,\\ngood will towards men. The service comprised the reading of\\nthe account, in the gospels, of our Saviour s birth, prayer, and sing-\\ning by the congregation and choir, the latter accompanied by the\\ndeep-toned organ and a large orchestra. Ladies dressed in black,\\nwith white muslin cai)s and aprons, handed cake and coffee to all\\npresent. Burning tapers were brought in on trays, and distributed,\\none to each child, emblems of the liglit which Christ brought into\\nthe world. They surely impressed the minds not only of the chil-\\ndren, but of their elders as well. How beautiful was the scene in\\nthe church, the bright lights and the happy faces, and how fortu-\\nnate the children to be so pleasantly instructed in regard to the\\nspiritual Light, whose advent was connnemorated by the service.\\nOn Ciiristmas morning we girls, usually so sleepj^, needed no\\nsecond warning to make us quit our comfortable beds, but were up\\nand dressed in a twinkling. We made our way down stairs in the\\ngrey dawn of the early morning, to find our rooms resplendent.\\nThe Christmas trees, which had been placed in every room, were\\nbrilliantly illuminated, and on all of our desks were lighted tapers\\nand curious looking bundles. .Soon eager fingers undid the wi ap-\\npings, and eyes brightened at sight of gifts from home and class-\\nmates, and the ample supply of apples, cakes and confectionery.\\nThe morning wes spent in animated chat over presents, until the\\nhour for the Christmas service. After the service our Christmas\\ndinner. What with the good cheer and our wonderful appetites,\\nand the society of the Principal and his family, we fully enjoyed it.\\nAt New Year s Eve, there are services from S till midnight, with\\na short intermission of an hour.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "22 GUIDE BOOK OK\\nThe 8 o clock service is either a sermon or -a review of the year\\njust closing.\\nAgain we copy from the Academy\\nThe Moravians have a very striking and appropriate service\\nfor the last night of the year. We entered the church at half-past\\neleven o clock, and were surprised to find not only every pew\\npacked, but long rows of seats occupied in the aisles. While the\\nvenerable bishop, who conducted the service, preached to the vast\\nassembly, a solemn expectancy filled our hearts. We heard, from\\nthe belfry, the church clock strike the quarter-hours, and the\\npassing away of the old year was made vividly real. We seemed\\nto be bidding a lingering and mournful farewell to a dear friend,\\nshortly to V)e gone from our side forever. At last the first stroke\\nof the midnight hour sounded out from the belfrj and the dear\\nold year, the good old time was gone. Immediately, as with one\\nimpulse, the large congregation rose, and, supported by the choir\\nand the full orchestra, sang, rejoicingly, the hymn beginning\\nNow let us praise the Lord. It was then dismissed, and dis-\\npersed slowly, amid mingled congratulations and good wishes, ani-\\nmated with the high spirit of christian faith and hope.\\nThe Lenten services are observed with equal earnestness, by\\nlectures during the week-day evenings, and on Sunday. Spe-\\ncial lectures for candidates for Confirmation. The Confirmation\\nservice is generally held on Palm Sunday afternoon and is always\\nvery largely attended.\\nThe Holy Week is strictly observed by nightly services in the\\nChurch and on the afi erwoon of Maundy Thursday. On the evening\\nof this day the Holy Communion is celebrated. On Friday morn-\\ning, afternoon, and at night, appropriate services are held. On\\nSaturday afternoon a love-feast is served.\\nEaster Day is the day of the Church, and its celebration is very\\npeculiar, and practiced only in the Moravian churches throughout\\nthe world. Early in the morning, about 3 o clock, A. M., the\\nChurch band marches through the town and awakens the drowsy\\nburghers by sacrt^d music. About 5 o clock the announcement is\\nmade from the Church door that the Lord had risen, and after\\nsinging a hymn, the congregation forms a procession and proceeds\\nto the graveyard, headed by the Church band, discoursing sweet\\nand solemn airs, which pleasantly reverberate in the bracing\\nmorning air. In the beautiful graveyard the Easter Morning Lit-\\nany is prayed. Many of the graves are decorated with evergreens\\nand flowers and form a pdeasing feature on this most interesting\\noccasion.\\nFor many years the so-called business monopoly system was\\nin existence, under the control of the Church Board, who ap-\\npointed a skilled agent or superintendent to carry on the business.\\nIn early times the Store, Hotel, Tannery, Butcher House, a Farm,\\nand other smaller industries were thus carried on. These indus-\\ntries were gradually sold out to members of the Church, and\\ncarried on by them for a number of years, the authorities granting\\nthem a kind of protection against opposition in their business.\\nThese peculiarities have long since disappeared, the protectire\\nsystem being no longer advisable or necessary.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "NORTII-WESTKKN NORTH CAKOLIXA. 23\\nIn these earlv times every one was expected to work, and there\\nWHS more skilled labor in town than was usually found at that\\ntimvi.\\nThe Smithshops were all conducted by competent workmen, and\\nGun making was carried on to a considerable extent.\\nThe Vogler and Foltz rifle was well known and highly appre-\\nciated by the bold mountain luinters, and those guns have to this\\nday never been surpassed for excell ^nce. Timothy Vogler is\\nyet at his old stand and William Dettmar, who learned the trade\\nwith T. Vogler, carries on the Gun and Locksmith business\\nfarther up town, and fully sustains the well earned reputation of\\nT. Vogler.\\nThe hatting business was another extensive industry. At one\\ntime there were no less than three hat manufactories in town,\\nthose of A. Burner, Boner Bros., and C. Ebert. C. Ebert is now\\nthe only one that deals in hats, he having abandoned the hat\\nmaking business for some time past. During the war T. eT.\\nBoner manufactured ha s in large quantities, and could not supply\\nthe demand. The Stonewall hat was worn by thousands in the\\nArmy of Northern Virginia.\\nCandle Making was also carried on for many yeai s by J. C. Burk-\\nhard, opposite the Tannery. The building is standing yet and\\nlately used as a Carriage Manufactory by W. G. Bahnson Co.\\nThe Shoe business was also successfully carried on by\\nEmanuel Reich, Henry Lineback, E. Meinung, and others. The\\nsons of E. Reich are yet in the business, and E. Meinung also\\ncontinues at the old stand. Several years ago Vogler Co. commenced\\nan extensive Shoe Factory, but stopped operations after a few\\nyears. It is thought by some that co-operative shops, employing\\nboys, could be made profitable.\\nJames Garboden also has a shoe shop.\\nThe Furniture and Cabinet business was at one time very remu-\\nnerative, but the cheap work, brought South, has seriously injured\\nthis industry. There are, however, three yet in operation in town,\\nby W. E Peterson, W. F. Shultz, and A. C. Vogler. They\\nare all excellent woikmen and keep on hand and make furniture,\\ncoffins, c. to order. Mr. A. C. Vogler has an extensive stock of\\nNorthern Furniture, of durable make, on hand.\\nThe h moking Tobacco and Cigar business was also carried on by\\nBenjamin Warner and T. J. Boner Co. The latter also manu-\\nfactured plug tobacco. I). A. Spaugh manufacture? Cigars and\\nSmoking Tobacco of good qualities.\\nThe Water Works have been in existence over 100 years, and\\nwere at one time sufficient for all purposes, but the growth of the\\ntown has necessitated a new arrangement, which will go into oper-\\nation this Summer.\\nThe old Grist Mill, commenced in 1S25 by John Vogler, J. J.\\nBlum, J. C. Blum, and J. H. Ilerbst, is still in operation, and is\\nowned by Coop\u00c2\u00ab^r Sc Hendricks. It has recently been greatly\\nimproved.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "24 GUIDE JJOOK OF\\nIn 1S37 the Cotton Factory was built by a stock company and\\ncarried on for a number of years until sold to Jno. M. Morehead,of\\nGreensboro, and purchased of him by Patterson Shelly.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0In 1861 it was sold to Graj^ Wilson, and finally bought by\\nF. H. Fries, and fitted up as a steam grist mill. It is now in\\nsuccessful operation, and our two mills, one at the upper end of\\ntown and the other at the lower, have created a quiet lively grain\\nmarket in old Salem.\\nThe following sketch of F. TI. Fries Cotton and Woolen\\nFactory was furnished the Winston S cnfinef, by E. A. Boner, last\\nyear, and is a correct statement\\nThe man wjio did more than all others to bring Salem out of\\nher quiet, plodding ways into more intimate association with the\\nworld of business, was the late Francis Fries, who died in August,\\n1863, honored and regretted by all who knew him. In losing him,\\nSalem lost her groat business head, for he was a giant in this\\nworking world, with a genius rarely equalled or surpassed.\\nMr. Fries was first agent of the old Salem Manutacturing Com-\\npany, (the factory now known as the Wachovia Mills) and con-\\ntinued with them in this capacity until 1840, having superintended\\nand got it under way during the year 1837.\\nIn 1840 he started in the woolen business, running it alone\\nuntil 1846, when the firm of F. H. Fries was establi^^hed.\\nThe mill was enlarged in 1848 by the addition of a cotton mill,\\nand subsequently, in 1860, by adding moi e and completer woolen\\nmachinery, while other additions have followed within the last\\nyears.\\nThe mill buildings proper as they now stand part brick, part\\nframe and four stories high represent a fioor capacity of some\\n24,000 square feet, besides dye-house, dry-house, ware- and out-\\nhouses connected with the business.\\nIn the woolen mill there are run 40 looms, with 678 spindles,\\nand 3 sets of machinery. The quality of these goods is not sur-\\npassed by those of any other establishment of a similar description\\nin the counti-y, and are known and highly appreciated far and\\nwide. Prices vary, for the various grades, from 35 cts. to $1.00 per\\nyard. Not a yard of the products of this mill is shipped to North-\\nern markets, but sold directly to retail merchants in this and\\nother Southern States.\\nIn the Cotton Mill there are 939 spindles at work, turning out\\nfirst class yarns, warps, sheeting and seine twine, together with a\\ncoarse article of sewing thread. Every description of plain color-\\ning is done, also, and custom wool-carding for jiarties hundreds of\\nmiles frorn here.\\nThe establishment has now four sets of engines in 80 horse\\npower, 3 setts of boilers and works, the Corliss engines being budt\\nby Robt. Welherell Co., of Chester, Pa., and are splendid speci-\\nmens of fine action and workmanship. The boilers are return\\ntubular, lOO horse ^lovver, and built by .lacob Nay lor, of Phila-\\ndelphia. These new engines were put in in May, 1874, and the\\nboilers, in November, 1876. There is a first-class repair shop, also\\nattached to the mills.\\nThe mills have never stopped for a day since they first started,\\nexcept when extensive repairs or refitting liave been necessary.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAKOIJNA. 25\\nSince the death of Francis Fries (1803), the elder partner,\\nthe business has been run and conducted urider the old name of\\nF. II. Fries, by the surviving partner, H. W. Fries, who has\\nwithin the last fewyears been ably assisted by Mr. ,Ino. W. Fries\\nand Frank H. Fries.\\nTlieir Machine Shop is the best in the State.\\nMr. F rancis Fries represented this County as a member of our\\nLegislature, in which body he was a leader in all matters pertaining\\nto the large business interestsxjf the State, as well as those of home\\nHe served in that body diu iug the years 18 )8-9.\\ni he firm was one of the original and largest stockholders in the\\nCentral North Carolina Railroad, and went, also, heartily into the\\nwork of getting our North-Westorn North Carolina Kailroad from\\nGreensboro to this place.\\nThe late Francis Fries al.so carried on for many years a, lai ge\\nmerchandising business, here, building and doing business in the\\nhouse now occupied by Patterson Co.\\nIn 1S59 the firm built and started the gas works, in this place,\\nthese being the second of the kind in the whole State. The gas\\nlight is produced from rosin, and they furnish it in houses at $7\\nper thousand feet.\\nMr. Jno. W. Fries carries on a very large Tannery in tiie West-\\nern part of the town. This Tannery is very old, having been estab-\\nlished as arly as 1769, and has been in operation ever since. The\\nsub.stantial and durable qualities of the leathers worked here are\\nwidely known throughout this entire section. Since coming into\\nthe possession of Mr. Fries, some years ago, a fresh impetus has\\nbeen given its trade, in having larger facilities furnished in every\\nway, foi- carrying it on more successfully, steam being used in con-\\nnection with breaking the bark more skilled labor used, and\\nmany more vats added to the original number.\\nWe believe this review includes all of the business interests\\nat present conducted by the establishment. The members of the\\nfirm, as at present composed, are all practical business men\\npublic-spirited and leaders in all projects that look toward the\\ngreater growth and \u00e2\u0099\u00a6levelopment of the place and surrounding\\ncountry and very ably maintain the -prcsthfc of the family name.\\nThe Salem Aoricci.turai, Works, C. A. Hege, Proprietor, located\\nnear Messrs. Fries Cotton and Woolen Mills is one of the most\\nextensive establishments of the kind in Western North Carolina,\\nBesides a general Foundry and Repairing Shops, Mr. Ilege has\\nepecialties, which have a good reputation at home and abroad.\\nAmong the most prominent is the Improved Saw Mill, which at-\\ntracted much attention at the last State Fair, and for which a\\npremium was awarded. The success of this Mill is established\\nbeyond doubt, and orders are coming in. So favorably have his\\nimprovements been received that a large machine establishment\\nin Richmond is offering to purchase the right for the Southern\\nStates. This Saw Mill is considered the impk- st and cheapest ever\\noffered. Besides the above, the Salem Plow, Straw and Feed\\nCutters, Corn Shellers, and other articles are manufactiucd and\\nfavorably known to the public. A new J\\\\Iachinc Shop will be\\nerected this Summer, besides other improvements.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "26 GUIDE ItOOK OF\\nMessrs. Fogi-e Bkotuers have extensive wood-working machinery\\nin operation for a number of years since 1870, we believe,) and\\nenjoy a well-earned reputation for prompt and excellent work.\\nThey furnish nearly all the material for building purposes, and are\\nengaged largely in putting up buildings themselves. They also\\nhave a number of hands who are constantly engaged in repairing\\nbuildings, fences and other odd jobs around our tcwns. Their\\nlumber yard is generally stocked with the necessai y lumber for\\nbuilding as well as cabinetwork. Their Saw Mill, some 10 or 12\\nmiles above this place, near Bethania, is constantly at work and\\nenables them to furnish all demands. They employ as skilled,\\nsteady and intelligerit a corps of workmen as can bo found in this\\nsection.\\nThe Tin-wake and Stove Depot of J. E. Mickey is }\u00c2\u00bbrobably as\\nextensive an establishment as can be found in this State. It has\\nthe personal supervision of the proprietor, 7/ho employs the best\\nworkmen he can get. The establishment is well known at home\\nand abroad. Also deals in Groceries, Shoes, and Notions, c., c,\\nWm. a. Reich, opposite the Salem Hotel, also has a Tin and\\nCoppersmith establishment. Mr. Reich has the i-eputation of being\\nthe best workman in both town\u00c2\u00ab and has considerable inventive\\ngenius. Among his late inventions are a coffee roaster and the\\nbest churn we have ever seen, both of which can and should be\\npatented. Repairing is a specialty with Mr. Reich.\\nGrocers. D. A. Spaugh, near Siddall s store, has a large stock of\\nMiscellaneous iroceries, Notions, manufactures a superior Smok-\\ning Tobacco, Cigars, and buys and ships Hay, Dried and Green\\nFruits, Eggs, in short buy.s and sells anything that will pay to\\nhandle. Has recently put up a Hay Scales.\\nH. D. Lott is the original Groceryman of Salem, having gone\\ninto the business just after the war. Has always a good miscella-\\nneous stock on hand and makes a specialty of Field and Garden\\nSeeds.\\nDruggists. Dr. J. F. Siiaffner and H. W. Shore Co., first\\nclass stock at both houses. Perfumery, Musical Instruments\\nand Fittings a specialty with the down-town Drug-St\u00c2\u00a9re, Post\\nOffice Building.\\nMerchants. Messrs Patterson Co. probably do the largest\\nbusiness in town, combining a heavy wholesale trade with their\\nextensive retail business. Their wholesale rooms are in the Store\\nformerly occupied by E. Belo, Esq., who was at one time the lead-\\ning merchant in town. This largo establishment is one door north\\nof the Bank. The tirm is composed of R. L. Patterson and H. W.\\nFries. Agents for F. H. Fries popular goods, where they can be\\npurchased at factory prices. Also agents for the sale of Metallic\\nCoffins. It is one of the most reliable houses in Western North\\nCarolina.\\nJ. L. FuLKERsoN keeps a general stock of fine Ladies and Gents\\nDress Goods. Agent for Wanamaker, of Philadelphia. Has a\\ngood trade.\\nHenry A. Siddale occupies a large brick store in the upper part\\nof Main Street, enjoys a good trade and shows a full line of goods\\nof all descriptions.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 27\\nB. F. Crosland has the largest Grocery Store in town, and keeps\\na complete assortment of this kind of goods, Mr, Crosland has\\nexperience in his business, and no one knows better what suits his\\ncustomers.\\nE. A. Ebert occupies the well known old stand of Pfohl\\nStockton, and enjoys a handsome trade. Mr. Ebert keeps a full\\nline of general merchandise and never fails to please his customers.\\nAll the Stores arc on Main Street in Salem. This street runs\\ncontinuously tiirough Salem and Winston and is over two and a\\nhalf miles long, probably the longest stretch of street in the State.\\nBank.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 There is but one bank in the place the First National\\nof Salem, which opened its doors for business in 1866, with a capi-\\ntal of \u00c2\u00a7100,090, which capital has since been increased $50,000.\\nPresident, I. G. Lash Cashier, W. A. Lemly Directors, I. G. Lash,\\nE. Belo, Ur. J. W. Hunter, D. 11. Starbuck and Levin Bolo. The\\npresent building was erected in 1S47, and leased to the old Bank\\nof Cape Fear, of Fayette\u00c2\u00bb ille. for banking purposes. I. G. Lash\\nwas for many years Cashier of the last named Bank, one of whose\\nbranches was established here. Prior to that J. C. Blum, and\\nafterwards Dr. Shuman acted as agents for that Bank.\\nPhysicians. Drs, J. F. ShafTner, U. T. Bahnson, N. S. Siewers.\\nAll gentlemen of high character and cultuj-e. The fraternity lost\\ntwo of its most valued members, recently, by death Drs. A. T.\\nZevely and T. F. Keehln, who were the senior physicians in the\\nplace.\\nDentists. Drs. J. W. Hunter and J. C. Watkins. Both good\\noperators.\\nProfessors of Music. Professors E. W. Lineback and Alex.\\nMeinung. Prof. Lmeback has direction of all the church music\\nand is principal director and conductor of concerts given by the\\nMusical society. He is also leader of the orchestra, when music is\\ngiven, during the summer, in the Square, for promenades and\\nstrawberry festivals. Prof. Lineback is agent, also, for the sale of\\npianofortes and organs.\\nPro.\\\\ F. Agthe has charge of the Musical Department of Salem\\nFemale Academy, and is vn excellent musician.\\nOur Brass Band. Salem has had a Brass Band, composed of\\nnative citizens of the town, for nearly 100 years, and during the\\nlate war furnished two regimental bands for the Army of Northern\\nVirginia. The present Band enjoys the re[)utation of being the\\nbest organized Band of music in the State, and are generally\\npresent at the State Fair and Commencement of the University\\nof the State. Their serenades and promenade concerts are among\\nthe pleasant attractions of our town during the summer and\\nautumn.\\nThere are numerous ladies in town who have a high musical cul-\\ntivation, and the Musical Society of Salem is a credit to th\u00c2\u00a9\\nplace.\\nAn excellent orchestra can be organized at short notice, and, it\\nis with pleasure that we state, are always ready to contribuie their\\npart at any public demonstration, lecture or other literary enter-\\ntainment.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "28 OLIUE BOOK. OF\\nHotel. There is one in the place, the old Salem Hotel,\\nowred and run by Adam Butncr. The hotel always enjoys a\\ngood summer business. Has good fare, and moderate charges.\\nOne mile to and from depot. Omnibus to and from train.\\nThe MiNF.RAL Si RiNG, on Marshall Street, is most excellent\\nchalybeate water, and should receive more care at the hands of\\nthe town authorities. A few dollars outlay would most wonder-\\nfully improve the appearance of things. As it is, it is visited by\\nhundreds on fine days all througii the pleasant weather of summer\\nand fall. The Spring is only a short distance -just a good walk\\nfrom the Salem Hotel. The water is fully equal to the well known\\nPiedmont Springs of Stokes County.\\nNotions. J. Blickenderfer has a large store, south of Public\\nSquare, and keeps a very attractive stock of Ladies wear and\\nFancy Goods generally. His Store and Goods are very attractive.\\nLatest styles always on hand.\\nMillinery and Notions. Mrs. T. B. Douthit has one of the\\nneatest stores in town, and has always on hand a good assortment\\nof all grades of Millinery Goods, Notions, Jewelry, and every thing\\nin her line. All new styles always on hand.\\nMrs. J. E. Mickey has n very attractive Millinery stock always\\non hand, and the ladies will find everything in their line. Latest\\nstyles of all goods.\\nBookstore. -Messrs. L. V. E. T. Blum have the largest and\\nmost complete stock of Books and Stationery in this section, and\\ntheir prices suit the hard times. Birthday and Holiday Goods\\nalways on hand.\\nCooper. Solomon Mickey has the only shop in the place.\\nAlthough in the neighborhood of town many farmers follow the\\nbusiness in a small way during fall and winter.\\nJewelers. W. T. Vogler and A. E. Welfare they are good\\nworkmen, and carry a large and well selected stock of first class\\njewelry and goods in their line.\\nPnoTOGRAPHER. H. A. Liucback takes superior pictures.\\nConfections, Bakers, Etc F. W. Meller, C. A. Winkler and W.\\nH. Hall. These parlies are all practical candy-makers and bakers.\\nGood stick candy is made and sold here by the wholesale, cheaper\\nthan the same grade can be bought in Richmond or Baltimore.\\nFancy candies are manufactured also.\\nMr. Meller always keeps on hand a very full assortment of cheap\\nand fine toys, and fancy wares.\\nMr. Winkler keeps a Large stock of toys also, and deals in fresh\\noysters in season.\\nInsurance Agent.- J. A. Lineback represents good companies.\\nProfessional Book-keepers. J. L. Bclo, L. N. Clinard, C. L.\\nRights, A. F. Pfohl, J. A. Lineback.\\nSam P.rkwek runs the only Barber Shop in town.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROMNA. 29\\nThe Sai.em Printing Office was established by John C. Blum,\\nin November, 1827. January 6th, 1829, the Weekly Gleaner, a\\nfamily newspaper, appeared. In 1830 the paper was enlarged\\nunder the name of Farmers Reporter and Weekly Chronicle,\\nand published five years. In 1841 the Carolina Gazette was pub-\\nlished, and continued for two years, followed in 1851 by The\\nPeople s Press, wliich has been published over twenty-five years.\\nThe well known and popular P armer s and Planter s Almanac\\nwas commenced in 1828, and has been published uninterruptedlj\\nby the same family for half a century. It has the largest circula-\\ntion of any publication in the State.\\nPotteries. The old Pottery of Floury Shatlner is conducted\\nby Dan. Crouse. He manufaotures every description of pottery,\\nand makes a specialty of pipes, lie has had orders from Baltimore\\nto Savannah prices range from 40 cents to $2.50 per hundred.\\nAfter being burnt, they aie quite orous and absorb the nicotine\\nfreely.\\nLewis Hine has established a pottery near town and uses a\\nvery fine clay, making a perfectly white pipe of a superior quality.\\nBoth these gentlemen learned their tvade of Henry Shatfner, and\\ntheir ware is the best made in the State.\\nCarriage and Buggy Maker. H. E. Meinung represents this\\nbrancii of trade. Buggies, Carriages, and Express W^agons are\\nmanufactured by him at prices to suit the times.\\nResident Clergy Rt. Rev. E. A. De Schweinitz, Bishop of the\\nSouthern Province of the Moravian Church Rev. Edward Rond-\\nthaler. Pastor of Salem Congregation Rev. J. T. Zorn, Principal\\nof Salem Female Academy Rev. L. B. Wurreschke, Professor of\\nLanguages and Science. S. F. A.; Rev. A. L. Oerter and Rev. E. J.\\nMack. All Moravians.\\nBaptist Denomination. Elder Wm. Turner, who lias charge of four\\nCountry Congregations, situated in Forsyth, Davie, Davidson and\\nGuilford.\\nFor .Sketch of .Sai.em Female Academy, see Appendix, No. 1\\nSalem Boy s Sruooi.. Established in 1794, is at present in a very\\nflourishing condition. Many youths from a distance have in for-\\nmer years been educated here, although it was only intended as a\\ntown school. Rev. Edward Rondthaler, Principal. Teachers\\nRev. A Lichtenthaler, .Tohn H. Clewell and James E. Hall.\\nThe Infants School was established in 18 is taught by Miss\\nSophia Pfohl, who has been engaged in the business for many\\nyears.\\nThe Misses Welfare conduct successfully a lai-ge \u00c2\u00abchool for boys\\nand girls.\\nThe Public School is taught by S. H. Everett.\\nThe colored Public School is taught by two Northern ladies.\\nMrs. Payson and Miss Woolson. This school is supported in part\\nby Northern Friends (Quakers.)", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "30 GLTIDE BOOK. OF\\nIn the latter part of 1877 the Revenue Office was moved to Salem\\nby Dr. W. H. Wheeler, Collector for this f5th) district, and is\\nlocated on Church Street, a few steps from Main Street. The\\nbusiness of the office is extensive and is centrally located in the\\nTobacco and Distilling region.\\nA. E. GiERSCH, Practical Blacksmith. Carriage and Buggy Iron-\\ning a specialty. Farmers can be accommodated with plow-pomts\\nof any style. Location H. E. Minung s Carriage Factory.\\nThe Land Ofeice of the Southern Province of the Moravian\\nChurch has been removed to the building opposite the Bank,\\nwhere convenient rooms have been fitted up on the first floor. Jas.\\nT. Lineback, Treasurer, J. A. Lineback, Clerk.\\nCHAPTER VI.\\nWINSTON ITS EARLIER HISTORY.\\nThis town is the county seat of P orsyth County. In 1848 the\\nold County of Stokes was divided by legislative enactment, and\\nthe present county formed and named in honor of Col. Benjamin\\nForsyth, a native of the older county, who was killed in Canada\\nin 1814.\\nAVinston was named in honor of Col. Joseph Winston, a native\\nof Stokes county, and one of the heroes of the Revolution of 1776.\\nThe sister town of Salem v/as then, as most of us are awai e, an\\nold town, and it seemed natural to have made it the county seat of\\nthe new county but, owing, however, to outside pressure, the Com-\\nmissioners appointed to locate a site, selected the spot upon which\\nthe town now stands, the Moravian Church Board of Salem, then\\nowning the land, selling the same to the County (fifty-one acres)\\nat $5 per acre.\\nThe first settlors of the place were T. J. Wilson, Robert Gray,\\nFrank Gorrell. Harmon Miller, Henry A. Holder, P. A. Wilson,\\nJohn P. Vest, Jesse Kennedy, and David Cook.\\nAfter the incorporation of tlie town, William Barrow became the\\nfirst Mayor. He is still residing here. The first Sherift of the\\nCounty was Wm. Flynt, now dead, who was appointed by the\\nmagistrates and subsequently elected by the people.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "NORTU-WESTtlLN NOUTll CAUOMNA. 31\\nThe first Clork of the Superior Court was John C. Mhim, who was\\nappointed by Judge Thomas Settle, Sr., and was succeeded by the\\nlate John Blackburn, who was th\u00c2\u00ab first elected Clerk. The first\\nClerk of the County Court was A. J. Staflbrd, who died during the\\nlate war.\\nThe first stores were those of Iio])ert Gray, Harmon MillcM Sulli-\\nvan Bell, and Wm. Barrow.\\nThe first residence in the place was that of Judge T. J. Wilson,\\nhis present home, although ic was built before Winston become a\\ntown. After the town was laid out and named, the first dwelling\\nbuilt was put up by Jesse Kennedy, the same house at ))resent\\nowned and occupied by Harrison Pitts. The first place of\\nbusiness was a small grocery owned by Harmon Miller, built on\\nthe corner, where recently, George Norwood has erected a\\nblock of handsome brick stores, occupied by Clarke Ford and\\nothers.\\nThe Court-house and Jail were built in 1802 under the super-\\nvision of the late Francis Fries.\\nOwing to the fact of being isolated from llailroads, and no\\nspecial commercial or manufacturing interests centering here, the\\npopulation of the town up to 1870 numbered only 470; since that\\ntime, owing to the great impetus given to business of every kind\\nhere, by the tobacco interests, which sprang up about that time,\\nthe population of the place (including tiiat of Salem and Liberty\\nfrom which two places Winston is separated only by an imaginary\\nline) has reached about 4,000 souls, and is rapidly increasing. We\\nare 110 miles north-west from Raleigh, the Capitol of the State, and\\n29 miles from Greensboro, where the North-Western North Caro-\\nlina Kailroad strikes the North Carolina Central and the Piedmont\\nAir Line, running from Richmond, Va., to Atlanta, Ga. E. Belo\\nwas the first President of the road, afterwards succeedcfcl by A. S.\\nBuford, the present President of the Piedmont Air Line. Felix\\nCrutchfield, Conductor and Express Messenger Charles Buford,\\nDepot Agent E. S. Brown, Southern Express Agent Robert\\nPotts, Operator for the Western Union Telegraph Company John\\nP. Vest, Post Route Agent, on this end of the road, and Jas. Hol-\\nlister, Engineer. Travelled men give it, as their testimony, that it\\nis one of the best road beds in the country. North or South.\\nBkown s Warehouse.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Previous to the year 1872 thia town made\\nno pretentions as a tobacco market, in fact, such an idea had\\nscarcely entered the mind of any one. Our farmers carried their\\ntobacco to Danville and sold it, and brought back their supplies of\\nfamily groceries, c. Early in 1872 Maj. T. J. Brown, of Davie,\\ncame to this town looking around for a business location. He\\nconceived the idea that Winston was favorably located for a tobac-\\nco market, and that a warciiouse for the sale of leaf tobacco would\\ndo a good business.\\nOn the I4th of February, 1872, he opened the first warehouse in\\nthis place, in an old frame stable, on the Miller lot, imtnediately\\nsouth of the jail in the way of a venture for the sale of leaf\\ntobacco. This venture proved successful beyond the expectations\\nof the most sanguine. The house soon proved to be too small,\\nand a. joint stock company was formed, and a house, expressly for", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "32 GUIDE liOOK OF\\nthe purpose, 100x40 feet, was built on the East side of town,\\nknown as Brown s Warehouse. As the trade increased the house\\nhas been enlarged several times to meet the demands, until now it\\nhas a floor capacity of eleven thousand s(iuare feet, upon which to\\ndisplay the leaf.\\nIn 1874 Maj. Brown formed a copartnership with Wm. B. Carter,\\nof Rockingham county, who is well known to tobacco raisers of\\nall the surrounding counties.\\nDuring the winter of 1872-3 two other warehousps were erected,\\nand ready for the opening trade in the spring of 1873.\\nLash s Warehouse. This house was built by Dr. Wm. A Lash,\\nJr., of Walnut Cove, Stokes county, N. C, and opened to the\\ntrade on the 18th of February, 1873, and was run very successfully\\nby him and Cabell Hairston. Esq. While under the control of\\nLash Hairston the house won an enviable reputation among the\\ntobacco raisers of the country. It is now under the management\\nof J. R. Pearce, P. II. Ilanes and R. D. Brown, known to the public\\nas Pearce, Hanes Brown.\\nThe Piedmont Wakehoise was first opened in 1873 under the\\nmanagement of Maj. Ham Scales and S. M. Hobson, who did a\\nsuccessful business. This house is probably the best lighted house\\nin the place, and its aecommodations are equal in every respect to\\neither of the other two houses, and although its sales have never\\nbeen as large as the sales at the other houses, the prices obtained\\nhave always been at the top of tlie market, and under its present\\nmanagement enjoys a deserved and increased popularity, .second to\\nno house in the State. Norfleet Vaughn are its present pro-\\nprietors.\\nT. L. Vauc.un. Factory built of brick and v- ood. Shape an L.\\nBrick part 36 feet by 34 wooden part 36 feet by GO two stories\\nhigh works 60 hands capacity 300,000 pounds.\\nMartin Grogax. Factory built of brick and wood 24 stories\\nhigh; 90 feet long and 36 wide works 40 hands capacity 2.50,000\\npounds. His brands are Little Harry, Virginia Leaf, Carolina\\nBelle, Burnett 4,s, Covington s 5,s, Mayflower, TomMartin, 7.s. 5,s,\\nNapoleon s Twist, Cotton States.\\nC. Hamein s Plug and Smoking Tobacco Factory is built of brick\\nand wood, and is 3 stoi ies high and 100 feet long by 36 wide works\\n65 hands capacity 330,000 pounds of plug, and 8000 of smoking\\ntobacco. His brands are Pride of Carolina, AAA, Farmer s Joy-\\nSunny South, Belle of AVinston, Leonora, Little Bula, Little Dora,\\nOld Dave. He puts up a fine brand of smoking tobacco fitly\\nnamed Powhattan.\\nP. II. Hanes Co.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Factory built of brick; 3i stories high;\\n110 feet long and 45 wide; will work this year from 8. J to 100\\nhands capacity 350,000 pounds. Their brands are Hard Times,\\nBrigham Younc, Bridge of Lodi, Wade Hampton, Alex-\\nander, Solid Soutli, Kate Claxton. Inflation. Captain\\nJack. Stella. 1. C.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "NORTII-WESTEUN- NORTH CAROMNA. 33\\nR. J. Reynolds Co. Factory built of brick and wood; 3^\\nstories hi.ixh 95 feot lonji and 38 wido will work 7o hands ca-\\npacity .2. )0,0()0 pounds. Their brands aro Word s Choice, II inch;\\nOld North State, 11 inch Old Reliable, 1 1 inch Berry Foster. 11\\ninch Twist Orange Twist Strawberry Twist College Select\\nBefore Any Black Crook Bright Mollie, 5 inch.\\nHairston FoY. -Factory ivood 100 feet long by 38 wide: 3J\\nstories high works 50 hands capacity 3Q0,0;)0 pounds. Brands\\nDoni Pedro, Magnolia, Rosedale, Peerless, Little Annie, Rosebud,\\nYellow Jacket.\\nDavid R. Leak. Factory built of wood (50 feet long by 3G wide\\n2J stories high works 30 hands capacity 150,000 pounds. Brands\\nRough and Ready, Pioneer, Log Cabin, Dora, Southern Grange,\\nBlack Eagle.\\nBrown Bro. This is the largest factory in Winston built of\\nbrick; five floors; 132 feet long by 50 vvide works 200 hands;\\ncapacity 1,000,000 pounds. This factory will be heated liy steam,\\nand is tli^ only ore thus heated in the State.\\nBitting Wditaker. Factory built of wood 110 feet long by\\n40 wide 4 stories high works 140 hands capacity 500,000\\npound-!. Brands: Empire State, A, AA, AAA, AAAA, Eclipse,\\nOlive Branch, Empress, Tom Robinson, Tembrocke, Little Beauty,\\nCoronet, Dick Graves.\\nOcJBDRN, Hii,L Sc Co. This is a new firm just commencing busi-\\nness. Their factory is built of wood 3^ stories high 60 feet long\\nby 26 wide will work 25 hands capacity 75,000 pounds.\\nMiller, Woodruff Wood. Factory built of brick 3^, stories\\nhigh 100 feet long by 40 wide works 65 hands capacity 300,000\\npounds. Their Brands are Yadkin River, Sunbeam, Morning\\nStar, Mark Twain, Granger.\\nH. Sublett. Factory built of wood, 2 stories high 70 feet by\\n40; capacity 150,000 pounds. Brands: Wyanoke, Matoaca, Joe\\nMiller, Anchor, Bachelor s Comfort, Sublott s Extra.\\nNorwood Tuck. Plug work; factory 35x120; three flooi s\\nbrick steam introduced. Manufactures this year.\\nBrown Hall. Smoking Tobacco Factory: 40x70; three stories;\\nbrick manufactures this season.\\nTnos. Leak manufactures the celebrated Southern Belle\\nSmoking Tobacco.\\nThe following Business Directory, in addition to the previously\\nmentioned Tobacco Warehouses and Factories, is as nearly correcb\\nas wo could get it. It is possible that some errors or omissions\\nhave unintentionally occurred.\\nComing from Salem we find Riggs s Boot and Shoo Shop, up-\\nstairs in iline Co s Saddle and Harness Shop.\\nD. H. Starbuck s Law Office.\\nJudge Wilson s Law Office.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "34 GUIDE BOOK Ol-\\nNew Store-house is being built by Judge Wilson.\\nCentral Hotel, just opened. Dr. R, D. Hay. proprietor.\\nMrs. Mattie Reid, Milliner.\\nN. W. Watkins, Notions and Mixed Stock,\\nWilson Leak s Marble Yard.\\nMiller Brothers Carpenter Shop.\\nLivery Stables, Barrow \u00c2\u00abfe Beck.\\nMarable Watkins, Grain and Feed Store.\\nSentinel Office. The Sentinel was established in 1856 by F. E.\\nBoner and James Collins. J. W. Alspaugh subsequently became\\nthe owner, retaining Mr. Boner as Editor. The paper has been\\npublished about 22 years. George M. Mathes is the present Editor\\nand Proprietor\\nM. W. Rose, Clothing and Furs.\\nJ. E. Gilmer, General Merchant.\\nMiss Welfare and Mrs. Davis, Millinery, Notions and Fancy\\nGoods.\\nMerchants Hotel, Pfohl Stockton,\\nAlexander Gates, Barber. _\\nJohn Stockton, Confectioner.\\nWm. Murray, Watches, Jewelry.\\nF. E Keehln, Saddle and Harness Maker. Up stairs.\\nPfohl Stockton, General Merchants.\\nW. S. Martin, Hats and Shoes.\\nVann k Burch, Books, Stationery and Fancy Goods.\\nS. E. Allen, Hardware.\\nI. AV. Durham, Marble Yard.\\nB. F. Crosland, Groceries and General Merchandise.\\nH. D. Lott, Groceries.\\nCourt House. C. S. Hauser, Superior Court Clerk. T. J. Wilson,\\nJr., Clerk Inferior Court. D. P. Mast, Register of Deeds. J. G.\\nHill, Sheriff.\\nR. D. Johnston, Tailor.\\nC. A. Winkler, Confectioner.\\nS. Rosenthal, Clothing.\\nMartin Grogan, Groceries and General Merchandise.\\nJ. Cohen, Clothing.\\nCausey, Nading Co., Grocers.\\nTice s Hall.\\nBepuUkan Office, established in 1872 by Walser Walker, and\\ncontinued by W. A. Walker now published by J. W. Goslen.\\nJacob Tice Sons, General Merchants.\\nJohn Tice, Restaurant and Family Groceries, Fresh Meats and\\nFish.\\nJ. C. Fagg, Beef Market.\\nJ. S. White, Buegies and Carriages.\\nMrs. J. S. White, Milliner.\\nGeo. B. Everett, Law Otfice (Col. Jos. Masten s old office).\\nDr. Bynum s Office.\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0-Isaac Tice, Wagon Maker and Blacksmith.\\nSandford Byerly, Groceries.\\nEdmund Blum Son, Tinners.\\nChas. Tice, Wagons and Blacksmithing.\\nSamuel Ferebe, Wagons and Blacksmithing.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 35\\nBank\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Jos. A. Bitting, President; J. W. Alspaugh, Cashier R.\\nT. Steclman, Teller.\\nAlspaugh Buxton s Law Office.\\nW. J. Johnson, Tailor.\\nMrs. SussdorfF s School.\\nBevel s Blacksmith Shoj).\\nPost Office VV. A. Walker, Postmaster.\\nSinger Sewing Machine, Williamson, Agent.\\nJ. W. Godsey, Jeweller and Watch Repairer.\\nPegram Barham, Grocers.\\nMrs. Gordon. Milliner.\\nSmith s Drug Store.\\nVaughn Prather, Grocers.\\nW. C. Workman, Grocer.\\nNorwood s Block Watson Glenn s Law Office. Dr. Osborne.\\nClark Foard, Grocers.\\nA. D. Poindexter, General Merchant.\\nIlodgin Sullivan, General Merchants,\\nS. D. Franklin Co,, General Merchants.\\nThompson s Drug Store.\\nM. H. Langfcld, Clothing and General Merchandise.\\nR. L. Tyson, Groceries. F. S. Black, General Merchandise.\\nZ. G. Hege, Cabinet Maker.\\nIlinshaw Co., General Merchants.\\nWilson s Hotel.\\nMrs. A. A. Anderson, Boarding House.\\nE. A. Strupe Co., Tinware and Stoves.\\nReid Brothers, (near depot) General Merchants.\\nDonnegan, Groceries.\\nPhilip Hojjkins, Family Grocery.\\nChurches and Ministers Baptist, Rev. H. A. Brown, Pastor\\nEpiscopalian. Rev. W. P. Bynum, Rector; Presbyterian, Rev. F. H.\\nJohnston, Pastor Methodist Episcopal, Rev. P. J. Carraway, Pas-\\ntor; Methodist Protestant, Rev. Mr. Wiles, Pastor Rev. W. W.\\nAlbea, Rev. P. A. Joyncr.\\nWinston Male Academy, Prof. J. A. Monroe, Principal. Is in a\\nflourishing condition.\\nMrs. Davis School, for Young Ladies, is prospering.\\nThe Public School, F. D. L Messcr, Teacher, assisted by Miss\\nWebb, is well attended.\\nPhysicians Dr. Preston Roane, Dr. IT. W. Bynum, Dr. V. 0.\\nThompson, Dr. L. W. Spencer, Dr. R. F. Gray and Dr. Osborne.\\nMaster Builders Miller Brothers, J. D. Tavis, Samuel Chamber-\\nlain, Mr. Mclver and D. McKnight.\\nMasons and Plasterers\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Henry Holder, Keith Brothers, William\\nSpaugh.\\nPainters\u00e2\u0080\u0094 James Grumpier, John Petree, Frank Nading.\\nPump Makers Alex. Nading, Lewis Brown, Harrison Pitts.\\nT. T. Best has a fine Market Garden.\\nC. F. Sussdorff Tunes and repairs Pianos.\\nThe merchants of Salem and Winston are among the best in\\nAVestern North Carolina. There stocks are well selected, and\\nbought with a view to furnish our people with .q ^riif, rdiobk merc/iand se.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "36 GUIDE COOK OF\\nThe master mechanics are all good workmen, and can be relied\\non, employing as they do, the best, and most reliable mechanics to\\nbe found, as well as an intelli rent corps of apprentices.\\nWhile Winston is the Tobacco Centre of this section. Salem is\\nprominent in manufactories, mills, c., having the largest Cotton\\nand Woolen Factory in the State, and two of the best Grist Mills\\nin the South. The Salem Agricultural Works are the most exten-\\nsive in the State. The Salem Tan Yard uses steam, and is one of\\nthe largest yards in the State. Messrs. Fogle Brother s Saw and\\nPlaning Mills are fully equal in capacity to anything in North Car-\\nolina. Thus, with a large trade in Leaf and Manufactured Tobacco,\\nand other extensive industries, the two towns have a business ca-\\npacity, enjoyed by i cw inland towns.\\nEast Salem. Dr. Shaflner and A. Fogle, Esq., laid out their lands\\nin lots, and built tenement houses. It has become quite a village,\\nand is known as East Salem. A Moravian Chapel has been built\\nand a flourishing Sunday Scliool organized and in successful opera-\\ntion.\\nTo give the public an idea of the shipments of Hay, Dried\\nFruits and Tobacco from this point, we give the following figures\\nDuring the past year (ending March, 1878) there were weighed\\nat the Salem Hay Scales, 1,686,005 pounds of Hay, making 84,200\\ntons.\\nDried Fruit shipped from Salem Depot from August 1877, to\\nMarch, 18^^, 1,634,037 pounds.\\nTobacco shipments from Salem Depot for eight (8) months, com-\\nmencing August 1st, 1877, to April 1st, 1878\\n182 hogsheads of Tobacco stems, weisi:hing, 264.933 lbs.\\n530 Hhds. and Tierces of Leaf Tobacco, weight, 497,392 lbs,\\n18,385 Boxes and Cadies of Man. Tobacco, weight, 942,052 lbs.\\nMaking a grand total of 1,704,377 lbs.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH I AROMNA. 37\\nCHAPTER VII.\\nCOUNTIES. Ko. I.\\nrORSYTH COUNTY.\\nForsyth County was fonncd from Stokes County, in 184S, and\\nnamed after Col JBenjamin Forsyth, of Germanton, Stokes County.\\nIt is located in the North-western part of the State, bounded on\\nthe North hy Stokes, East by Guilford, South by Davidson and\\nWest by Ya lkin and Davie. Its seat of justice is Winston, (noticed\\nat length elsewhere.) named after Joseph Winston, a name honored\\nand revered by all lovers of liberty. Thus the ns^mes of Winston\\nand Forsyth ai-e linked together and preserved in the county and\\nits capital.\\nHon. Joseph Winston represented this section in the meetings\\nof the patriots of 177o- 76. He resided near Germanton. He was\\nappointed a commissioner by Gov. Caswell, with Waighstill Avery,\\nWm. Har|)er and Robert Lanier, to treat with Indians, by which\\ntheir lands lying in the States or North Carolina, Tennessee and\\nVirginia was ceded to those States. He was a Major at the Battle\\nof King s Mountain, in the Revolutionary war, and served his State\\nin the National Congress in 1803 to 18U7, and in the State Legisla-\\nture at different periods, as late as 1812. He died at his home,\\nnear Germanton, 1814.\\nCol. Benjamin Forsyth served in the war of 1812 with distinction,\\nor. the borders of New York State and Canada, and was killed in\\na skirmish in 1814. His son was adopted by the State and perished\\nat sen, in a hurricane, as a midshipman on board the Slooii of War\\nHornet.\\nForsyth County has an area of 25x16 miles, is hilly and undulat-\\ning, well watered, large meadows and bottom lands abound along\\nthe creeks and smaller water coui ses. The staple crops are wheat,\\ncorn, rye, oats, Iiish and sweet potatoes and tobacco. Considerable\\nbodies of well timbered lands are jet to be had, much of which is\\nwell adapted for the growth of the finer grades of tobacco. The\\nfresh lands yield about tiOU pounds of tobacco to the acre, old land,\\nfertilized, yield about Got) j^ounds per acre.\\nTlie grasses grow quite well, such as orchard and blue grass,\\nlimothy, mountain grass and clover. Millet does well. Sheep\\ncan be raised without much trouble, and can be wint(M-ed at about", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "38 GUIDE BOOK OF\\n70 cents prr head. Dogs are a great nuisance, and prevent the\\nfarmers having large flocks. Lands can be bought at $5 per acre,\\nthis being about a fair average. Wages of men are from $8 to $10\\nper month. Freedmen work very vfell under overseers, both for\\nwages and on crop shares. People economical and thriftv, but do\\nnot accumulate much property, seem to be satisfied with a com-\\npetency and keep themselves free from debt.\\nOur climate is a temperate one, indicating usually, about 65 de-\\ngrees Farenheit, during the summer, and 40 degrees in winter.\\nWith occasional exceptions, we do not experience anything of the\\nextremes of heat and cold known here thirty or forty years ago.\\nProbably, nowhere on earth is to be found a climate more healthy\\nand salubrious. Water is everywhere plentiful, and of the purest\\ncharacter, and there is a fine Mineral Spring in Salem, much\\nprized for its medical qualities, and quite a resort for our citizens,\\nand strangers sojourning amongst us.\\nThe mortality statistics are very satisfactory. Death from con-\\nsumption in this section are about 500 out of every 10,000, mala-\\nrial diseases about 100 cut of every 10,000. Standing 1st in the\\nhealth list.\\nIn Typhus Fevers and kindred diseases we stand second, while\\nin intestinal diseases we again stand No. 1 in point of health, there\\nbeing only about 100 or 150 to every 10.000,\\nAll things, therefore, taken into consideration, we do not believe\\nthat there is anv portion of this, or any other country that pre-\\nsents more positive and desirable attractions than ours.\\nPrevious to the year 1870 but little attention was given to the\\ncultivation of tobacco in this county. In fact, but few of our\\nfarmers gave it any attention beyond the cultivation of small\\npatches for home consumption, and in that year there were but\\n238,262 pounds raised in the county. About the year 1858 Jackson\\nGuthrie, Edward Marshall and W. J. Kirby removed from Halifax\\ncounty, Va., and settled in the northern part of the county. These\\ngentlemen were all experienced tobacco raisers, and their success\\nin its cultivation, and curing, stimulated their neighbors to give\\nmore attention to their crop, and their example was worth thous-\\nands of dollars to that section of the county. It was soon found\\nthat with intelligent and proper cultivation and curing, our soil\\nwas peculiarly adapted to the growth of the very finest quality of\\ntobacco, that rivaled in color the very finest yellow leaf raised\\nin any section of the State, while in texture, oil, aroma and flavor,\\nit had no superior as a fine chewing tobacco not even in the\\nfamed leathcrwood distiict of Henry county, Va.\\nince the inception of the tobacco trade here this branch of in-\\ndustry has increased wonderfully, and the annual production has\\ngrown from 238,262 pounds in 1860 to 1,500,000 pounds in 1875.\\nThe crops of 1876 and 1877 were probably even larger.\\nIn addition to the factories in operation in Winston, there are\\neight additional in this county, twenty-eight in Stokes county,\\ntwenty-five in Surry county, and within a radius of 40 miles of\\nWinston there are not less than one hundred factories operating,\\nmost of them purchasing their supply of leaf at that place. In\\naddition to the local manufacturers who sustain the market, there\\nare about, forty dealers.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "NORTEI-W ESTERX XORrll CAROLl^fA. 39\\nVineyards and Nurseries. During the past ten years a great\\ndeal of interest has centred in the business of growing trees and\\nvines of the finer varieties, and we have, at present, a number of\\npersons here, and in the surrounding country, paying great atten-\\ntion to this business. As with tobacco, wo have soil capitally\\nadapted to the growth of fruits and grapes, and the yields from the\\nfields arc equal, if not superior, to those of any other portion of\\nthe State.\\nMr. S. T. Mickey, of this place, is engaged, exclusively, in this\\nbusiness. His wine vaults are worth visiting. He says\\nIn 1868 I bought 52 acres woodland, of our Land OfFice, and by\\n1871 I had this all planted in Grapes, Peaches, Apples, Cherries,\\nPears, Plums, Apricots, Quinces, Gooseberries, Currants, Improved\\nBlackberries, Raspberries and Strawberries. In the year 1871 my\\ngrape vines commenced bearing. On account of frosts my large\\nfruit was a failure. Last yeai (1877) 52 acres were in good\\nbearing. Owing to frosts for two or three years I clid not\\nmake more than (10,260) ten thousand two hundred and sixty\\ngallons of Wine. I also sold the most of my grapes last year. I\\nhave only between 18 and 20 acres in grapes, and the balance in\\nother fruit. I have another farm where I have phinted fruit trees\\nand vines, and have in the two pieces between 80 and 90 acres in\\nchoice fruit.\\nMy experience teaches me that our poor soils make the finest\\nwines, which I also see reported in wine growing districts, in Ger-\\nmany. Many persons that professed to know more than I, laughed\\nat my selection of ground for the fruit business.\\nI am sure that this section of North Carolina is very well adapted\\nfor fruit raising, and also for making the best wines in the United\\nStates, as I have been shipping wines North, West and South, anU\\nthe trouble in our State has been with most of our grape growers,\\nthey do not understand how to make our wines, which has been a\\ngreat draw back. A large grape grower in the United States could\\nnot supply the demand of his own wines and filled his orders with\\nNorth Carolina wines, which is proof enough to show that our\\nwines are all right.\\nProf. E. W. Lineback and his brother J. A. Lineback have a very\\nfine orchard near town, whicli has been quite remunerative. Drs.\\nShaffner, Bahnson, and Wheeler, and A. Fogle, Esq., have fine\\nvineyards. R. F. Linville pays considerable attention to Grapes\\nand Fruits, a: well as Puyton Cox, Lewis Laugenour and others.\\nSailor Craft, A. E. Conrad, and Craft Binklev have extensive\\nnurseries of Fruit Trees, Grape Vines, and small Fruits.\\nBees. Considerable attention has been paid to Bee culture in\\nthis section. Dr. Hunter and W. F. Shultz introduced the Italian\\nBee with some success. The Patent Hive (Langstroth) is general-\\nly in use. Mr. E. Peterson and W. K. Hall pay some attention to\\nbees. Almost every farmer has a few bees, and many of them make\\na surplus of honey for sale.\\nThe following is a list of Trees of native growth\\nAspen, Watei Ash, White Ash, Prickley Ash, Apple, Crab Apple,\\nAlder, Arbor Vitfc, Red Birch, Black Birch, Beech, Buttonwood,\\nBurning Bush, Sweet Bay, China Tree, Cross Vine, Cypress, Cu-\\ncumber. Currant. Cotton Tree, Chinquapin. Cherry, Wild Cherry", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "40 GLIDE BOOK OF\\nChestnut, Eed Cedar, White Cedar, Dogwood, (3 varieties.) Cork\\nand Slippery Elm, Common Elm, Elder, Sweet Gum, Black Gum,\\n(2 varieties,) Hickory, Curley and Shell Bark Hickory, Black Haw,\\nEed Haw, Holly, Hazel, AVitcI; Hazel, Iron Wood, Ivy, Locust,\\nHoney Locust, Laurel, White Linn, Maple, Sugar Maple, Curley\\nMaj)le. Magnolia, jMulberry, Mulberry, (Multicaulis,) Paper Mul-\\nberry, White Mullierry, Ash Leaved Maple, Nine Bark, Black Oak,\\nWhite Oak, Post Oak, Spanish Oak, Red Oak, Willow Oak, Swamp\\nWhite Oak, Chestnut 0;ik, Black Jack Oak, Mock Orange, Yellow-\\nPine, White Pine, Peach, Tersimmon, Plum, Damson Plum, Wild\\nPlum, Pear, Poplar, Lonibardy Poplar, Papaw, Privet, Pine,\\nQuince, Rose, Sourwood, Spruce Pine, Sumach, Sassafras, Service\\nTree, Sycamore, Spice Bush, Sweet Shrub, Sheep Berry, Thorn,\\nTrumpet, White Walnut, Black Walnut, Yellow Willow, Bush\\nWillow, Weeping Willow.\\nExotics growing in this section of North Carolina\\nAlthea, Apricot, Balm of Gilead, Box, Cape Myrtle, Eunony-\\nmous. Fig, Jasmine, Lemon, Orange, Lilac, Mimosa, Rose, Snow-\\nball, Syringa, Smoke Tree, White Spirea, Purple Spirea, Sydonia,\\nAilanthus, Curley Willow, Cherokee Shrub.\\nBknevoi.ent and CriARiTABi.E INSTITUTIONS. 1 Poor-housc, 2 Ma-\\nsonic Lodges, 1 Good Templers, 1 Odd Fellow s 1 Knights of\\nPythias, 1 Bible and Tract Society. Several Societies for aiding\\npoor, and educating children.\\nPublic Bridges, 6. Limekilns, 1. Founderies, 2.\\nMinerals. Mica, Iron, Manganese, Asbestos, traces of Gold.\\nGeneral Character of Soil. Grey, Red Clay, Clay Subsoil.\\nBuilding Stone. Marble-Granite, Sandstone. Soapstone.\\nChurches. 1 Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, 10 Moravian, 7 Baptist,\\n2 Lutheran, I Dunker, 20 Methodist.\\nHigh Schools 5 2 Kernersville, Winston, 2 Salem.\\nNumber of White Public Scliools, 70. Colored Schools. 17.\\nFruits. Apples, Pears, Peaches, Apricots, Cherries, Plums,\\nQuinces in fact all useful fruits can be grown. Soil particularly\\nadapted to Grape and all small fruits.\\nOil Mills, 1, Saw Mills, 19, Grist Mills, 30, Furniture, 8, Manu-\\nfacturing P^irm Implements, 2, Potteries, 4, Tanneries, 8, 12 Wag-\\non and Carriage Shops. Almost every neighborhood has its Black-\\n.smith and Shoemaker Shop, and many of the farmers have their\\nown Smithy, and make and mend their own family shoes.\\nTowns. Salem, population 2,500) x- i- i i m i i\\nTr-. u o ,,/w^ iNoticed at length elsewhere.\\nWinston, 3,000 J\\nOld Toicn. First settlement in the county. Small (P. 0.) village,\\ncontaining the ancient church and jaarsonage of the original Mo-\\nravian settlers. Rev. D. Z. Smith, Pastor. Citizens mostly farmers.\\nWheelright, Blacksmith shops, and Tannery, are among the indus-\\ntries of the place. Six miles Northwest of Salem.\\nBethania. Second settlement of the Moravians. (P. 0.) Con-\\ntains an ancient and spacious church, Rev. R. P. Linel)ack, Pastor.\\nRev. E. P. Greider, member of Provincial Elders Conference for\\nthe Southern Province. Contains two Mercantile establishmenss,\\nhaving a good trade. A good Boys and Girls School, Wagon\\nMakers, Blacksmith, Watch and Clock Repairer, Carpenters,", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROMXA. 41\\nCoop(\u00c2\u00bbrs, Tobacco Factory, and other smaller industries. Citizens\\nhave irood farms surroundin tlie village, after the style of the\\nContinental European farm villages. Nine miles Northwest of\\nSalem.\\nPjafftoicn. Small farm village. Transou Brothers carry on well\\nknown Wagon Shop-;. Their work is much sought after. Ten\\nmiles Northwest of Salem.\\nBrookfiiown.- Small (P. farm villajre, once commanding a con-\\nsiderable country trade. Tliirteen miles, nearly west, of Salem.\\nLewis-vUlc. (P.O.) farm village containing two Stores, Saw Mill,\\nNurseries, Vineyard, c. Considerable point of trade. Eleven\\nmiles West from Salem.\\nWaughtoicn. Farm village. First house built by Cliarles Bagge,\\nwhere he carried on for several yeai cs, a considerablo mercantile\\nbusiness. The town grew up around the lai-ge building, and was\\ncalle l Charlestown. James Waugh purchased the promises of Mr.\\nBagge, and the town has since been known as Waughtuwn. In\\n183 J J. P. Nissen opened a wagon shop, which gradually assumed\\nconsiderable proportions, resulting in the present extensive estab-\\nlishment, using steam power in nearly all its departments, and\\nenjoying a good reputation for first class work.\\nWm. Spaugh Ijas also an extensive wagon shop, and enjoys a\\ngood rcfjutation for excellent work. Wagons from both the above\\nsho|)s are shipped almost daily to various parts of this and neigh-\\nboring States.\\nKcrinrsville. Town on N. W. N. C. Railroad. Eleven miles East\\nof Salem. Population 600. About 1798 (eighty years ago) there\\nwas one building here, and the place was known as Uobson s Cross\\nRoads. In 1806 Rev. Gottlieb Shober bdught of Dobson, and his\\nson settled there. In 1817 Joseph Kerner purch.ased tlie place,\\nand it was known as Kerner s Cross Roads, latterly Kernersville.\\nThe town site is 150 feet higher than that of Greensboro, 71 feet\\nhighar than High Point, on the North Carolina Railroad, and 50\\nfeet higher than our Court-House. A number of streams head in\\nthe vicinity of town, (all running from not by or through the\\ntown) viz Jlaw River, Deep River, Reedy Fork, Belew s Creek and\\nAbbott s Creek. It is a place of large country trade, and a consid-\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0rable thoroughfare for droves of stock going South.\\nAmong the industries of the town are three Tobacco P\\\\actories\\nW. II. Leak s, .lohn L. King s and R. B. Kerner s. Five Stores,\\ndoing a general mercantile business Messrs. Beard k, Roberts,\\nKerner Co., A. II. S. Bt-ard. Guger Pegram. N. W. Sajip. Con-\\nsiderable barter trade, consisting of dried fruit, cerials and Sassa-\\nfras Oil. The lattei- industiy is not always profitable, but as high\\nas 50 cents per pound has been obtained for it New York. This\\noil is used for flavoring, principally soaps. A pint weighs a pound,\\nwill burn in lamps, but singularly enough, will freeze neaily as\\nsoon water. Most of the citizens are farmers, and very good ones,\\nusing improved implements, c.\\nAmong the mechanics we find N.G. Kerner s Tannery, Buggy rind\\nCarriage Works of W. A. Giiffith it Son and A. Lewis. A large\\nSmithy is carried on by the Griffiths. J. S. Harmon has two Grist\\nMills near town. Millwright, J. L. Kerner, Millwright and Carpen-\\nter. A large sawmill owncd^ hy Dr. K. fr I. F. Kerner. is in ope-", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "42 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nration a few miles of town, 1 Saddler Shop, H. Davis; A. Wellnion,\\nUpholsterer, Mattress Maker and Carriage Trimmer; Julius\\nKerner is a practical painter, also James Hue is a Painter and\\nTrimmer; Geo. W. Gentry is a general Machinist Geo. W. Stewart,\\nPun)p Maker and Cabinet worker; Jno. F. Plunkett, Cabinet\\nWork and Undertaker; A. H. S. Beard, Tinner; P. Fentriss, Mason;\\nWm. Carter, Shoes and Findings. The resident Carpenters are\\nW. G. Kerner, R. D. Fulton, B. G. Hendricks, Jno. Hepler and R.\\nHarmon. Old Uncle J. F. Kerner is the patriarchal Post Master,\\nThe Medical Profession is represented by Brs. A. D. Lindsay\\n(also Druggist.) B. J. Sapp and E. Kerner.\\nFour Ministers reside in the place Rev. Moses J. Hunt, of the\\nMethodist Episcopal Church, Elder Levi Bodenhamer, of the\\nPrimitive Baptist, Rev. Prof. S. R. Trawick, Methodist Episcopal,\\nand Prof, of the District Conference School, and Rev. C. L. Rights,\\nPastor of the Moravian church. There are two Sunday Schools,\\nwell attended, one at the Methodist church, and the other a Union\\nSchool, of the several other denominations. The Moravian church\\nhas a good organ. Prof. J. S. Ray, has a Normal School, (to pre-\\npare teachers for the Common Schools,) which has some 3. jnipils.\\nThe two Churches are good, brick structures. The colored Metlio-\\ndists have a cluirch also, with a fair congregation attending.\\nProf. Trawick s is a mixed school, with an attendance oi about\\nfifty. Miss Thomas is music teacher.\\nMiss Floy Rights an i Mrs. C. L. Rights have a school for boys\\nand gii ls. This school is considered one of the best schools in the\\ncounty, and has a very large attendance. The school Iniildings\\nare good.\\nFriedberg.\u00e2\u0080\u0094(V. O. and Church.) Settlement commenced in 1754,\\nby Adam Spach, from Pfaffenhofen, Alsace, France. First church\\nconsecrated in 1769. First settlers Adiuu Spach, Valentine Frey\\n(Fry,) Christian Frey, Peter Frey, George Frey, George Hartman,\\nAdam Hartman, John Mueller, (Miller,) John Nicholas Bojckel,\\n(Beckle,J Fred. Bceckel. Jacob Grater, (Crater,) Martin Walk,\\nCliristian Stauber. Regularly organized as a Moravian congrega-\\ntion in January 1772. The Church and Parsonage are lai ge and\\nwell built. A Country Store and Postoftice is within a few miles of\\nthe cliui ch. A prosperous farming community. Rev. J. B. Line-\\nback, Pastor.\\nFriedland. Settled in 1769 by six German families from Broad-\\nbay, Maine. They were shipwrecked on the coast of Virginia and\\narrived in Wacovia, via, Wilmington, in November, 1769. The or-\\nigmal settlers were John Peter and Elizabeth Kroehn, Michel and\\nCatharine Rominger, Christepher Philip and Barbara Vogler, Mel-\\nchoir and Jacobina Schneider, (Snider,) Frederick and Salonn\\nKuenzel, Michcel and Elizabeth Seiz, (Sides,) Jacob and Barbara\\nRominger, Frederick ond Anna Maria Miller, Jacob and Margaret\\nHein, (Hine,) Peter and Elizabeth Schneider, (Snider.) John and\\nCatharine Laniur;, Peter and Elizabeth Feidler, (Fidler,) George\\nFrederick and Gertrude Hahn, Jacob and Elizabeth Reid. The\\nsettlement is yet peopled by descendants of these old settlers,\\nas their names indicate.\\nThe Church is neat and spacious. Rev. C. L. Rights has charge\\nof it.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "XORTU-WESTERX NORTlf CAISOLIXA. 43\\nIh Pi was settled by Christoj)1iev Elrod and John Douthit, and\\nseveral families from Carroll s ]\\\\[anor, Maryland. The church was\\nbuilt in 1780. D. Z. Smith has charge.\\nPost Offices in Forsyth Salem Daily mail, North and South.\\nII. W. Shore, P. M.\\nWinston\u00e2\u0080\u0094 D-m\\\\x mail, North and South. W. A. Walker, P. M.\\nKcrnersvillc\u00e2\u0080\u0094i)A\\\\\\\\y mail. North and South. J. F. Kerner, P. M.\\nLavisville Tri weekly mail. Eugene Wright, P. M.\\nVienna Weekly mail. John R. Hauser, P. M.\\nOld Tojoi\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Daily mail. H. N. Null, P. M.\\nBethania\u00e2\u0080\u0094Di\\\\\\\\\\\\Y mail. 0. J. Lehman, P. M.\\nRural ir\u00c2\u00ab//\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Weekly mail. T. IT. Payne, P. M.\\nTrattc/-/02i-n\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Weekly mail. Mr. Linville, P. M.\\nSedge, Garden Weekly mail. Levi Wagner, P. M.\\nFriedberg\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\\\\\\\ec\\\\i\\\\\\\\ mail. E J. Spaugh. P. M.\\nMt. J\u00c2\u00ab6o?\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Weekly mail. T. Boose. P. M.\\nWhite 7?tvu/\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Weekly mail. J. W. Fulp. P. M.\\nPopulation, white. 15,000; colored, 3.000. Total, 18,000.\\nSTOKES COUXTV.\\nStokes County was formed from Surry County in 1787, and was\\nnamed in honor of Hon. John Stokes, a Revolutionary Colonel,\\nwho was appointed Judge of the U. S. Court for the District of\\nNorth Carolina and opened the first IT. S. Court held in this State.\\nIt lies in the North Western part of the State, and is bounded on\\nthe North by the Virginia line, South by Forsyth, East by Rock-\\ningham and West by Surry County. It is quite regular in outline,\\nbeing bounded by parallel lines, and has an area of 22x20 miles.\\nThe surface is quite level in the lower part of the County, becom-\\ning decidedly broken on all sides in approaching the Sauratovvn\\nMountains, where the landscape becomes very picturesque.\\nTlie Sauratown Mountains, named after a tribe of Indians that\\nhad their domain in this rigion, extend for about 20 miles in the\\ncentro, of the County in a S. W. to a N. E. direction, and at the\\ndistance of a mile and a half from Danbury. The mountains may\\nbe ascended by a roadway leading to the summit of Moore s Knob,\\nwhich was used fot- a signal statioti by the U. S. Coast Survey in\\n1875 and again in 1877. Its attitude is 2,583 feet, and from this\\npoint may be had a prospect of the Blue Ridge for 80 miles, and\\nPilot Mountain, affording touri ts and lovers of nature, landscape\\nand mountain scenery unsurpassed in extent, beauty and sublimi-\\nty, within the State.\\nDan River, which is the longest river in the State, flows centrally\\nthrough tlie County in a S. E. and N. E. direction, its principal\\ntributary being Town Fork, coming in from the West. Its fall\\nfrom Danbury to the Sea is 680 feet. It has a network of trib .ifar\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0nv/.v whifh afford abundant water power.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "44 OUIDE BOOK OF\\nThe Soil is sandy, underlaid with red clay, and is well adapted\\nto raising grain and fruit, and especially for the cultivati on of to-\\nbacco, which is extensively planted and yields a very superior leaf,\\na large portion being manufactured in a number of factories\\nthroughout the County. The value of land varies from five to one\\nhundred dollars per acre.\\nA large area of the County is covered with a rich growth of tim-\\nber. To realize the extent of this richness of forest development\\nit is OHly necessary to state that, of species found in the United\\nStates (east of the Rocky Mountains), there are\\nOaks, 22, and 19 in North Carolina, and 10 in Stokes County.\\nPines,\\n8\\nSpruces,\\n5,\\n4\\nElms,\\n3\\nWalnuts,\\n2\\nBirches,\\no,\\n1 o\\nMgples,\\n5\\nHickories, 8,\\nWhile the large number of minerals found within a circuit of 12\\nmiles from Germanton attest the mineralogical interest of this\\nCounty, the large deposits of magnetic iron ore, of most excellent\\nquality and in inexhaustible quantity, when fully developed, will\\nplace this region in the front rank of iron producing localities.\\nThe iron ores of the region embraced within Yadkin, Surry and\\nStokes, according to Prof. Kerr, occupy a relation to the Pilot and\\nSauratown Mountains, similar to that of the Gaston and Lincoln\\nores to the King s Mountain range; and Dr. Genth (Journal\\nFranklin Institute, 1872) considers the latter to be a recurrence of\\nthe lornier. These deposits of ore divide themselves into two\\ngroups, geograjihically, one is Stokes and the other in Surry and\\nYadkin.\\nOperations at these works were suspended at the time of Gen.\\nStoneman s raid through this section in 18f35. The prosperity was\\npurchased by the present owners in 1875, who have added several\\ntracts, and liave leased the ore rights on a number of iron deposits\\nwithin a few miles. The Moratuc estate contains about 2,500 acres\\nof timber of the best fjuality for making charcoal, interspersed\\nwith haid wood for building or manufacturing purposes. Charcoal\\nblast-furnaces and groups of Catalan forges, are possible in a local-\\nity so well provided with wood, and where any amount of laborers\\ncan be had at the lowest price. It is believed that a high grade\\niron can be produced here in quality unsurpassed by any in the\\nworld, tor softness, toughness, tensile strength. The reputation of\\nthe iron made from this ore was so high that the opinion of some\\nconsidered it to excel all other iron made in the State.\\nThe Northern or Stokes group of the range lies on the east,\\n(north) side of Dan River, and within 2 and 3 miles of Danbury.\\nThese are collected for the most part in a group of parallel beds,\\nin a dark to black and greenish black micaceous and hornblendio\\ngness, the beds being very weil defined, and the ore concentrated\\nin certain definite strata, and in the case of the Rogers Ore Bank,\\nit is aggregated into considerable masses of pure granulas ore, of\\nvery coarse grain. Tliis bed is 8 feet thick and has been worked", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "XORTH-H ESTEUN NORTH CAROMXA. 45\\non a considerable, scnle. Another bed reported to be 10 feet thick\\nhas been opened about half a mile east of the last, and two beds,\\n(one of them 4 feet thick, the other not opened), have been dis-\\ncovered at different times williin 300 and 600 yards of it, on the\\nWest. The ore\u00c2\u00ab are all magnetites, witli sometimes a sniidl ad-\\nmixture of hematite. (Prof. Kerr, Report Geology North Caroli-\\nna, vol. 1, 187- p. 259). There are other outcrops of magnetic ore\\nin the county, a notable one on the South side of the Sauratown\\nMountains, among the head waters of Town Fork of Dan River.\\nThe following analysis of specimens of ore, from the Rogei s\\nOre Bank, are by Dr. Genth\\nOxides of Iron, 92.47 85.09 79.71 G7.06\\nOxide of Manganese, trace trace trace trace\\nAlumina trace 0.70 2.27 0.17\\nMagnesia, 0.20 0.16 0.17 0.2:J\\nLime, 0.13 0.29 0.31 0.19\\nPhosphoric Acid, 0.00 0.t)0 0.00 0. )0\\nActinolite, etc., 7.20 13.76 15.66 31.75\\nWater,\\nMetallic Iron, 65.34 61.74 57.13 49.03\\nThe ores of this region have been worked in a limited way at\\nbloomeries at different times for seventy years, on Buck Island\\nCreek, Red Shoals, Neatman Creek, at Danhury, and ;it Col.\\nMoodey s Tunnel Iron Works on the Dan River, opposite Dan-\\nbury. In 1860 an association of individuals under the corporate\\nname of the Marotock Iron and Manufacturing Company, purclias-\\ned the Rogers Ore Bank with other lands, amounting to 2,000\\nacres, including Moodey s Works, and produced an excellent\\nquality of both pig and hammered iron.\\nAt Stokesburg, there arc outcrops of three seams of coal in suc-\\ncession, the upper about 3 feet thick, the other two are reported\\nto be much thicker tiian the top seam. It is semi-bituminous.\\nTwo analysis by Dr. Genth, of samples of different seams \u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00bbpened\\nhere gave, respectively, 75.96 and 76.56 per cent, of fixed carbon,\\n11.44 and 13.56 per cent, of ash, the volatile matter being about 12\\nper cent, in each,\\nFeldspathic Clay for making fire brick may be had a mile from\\nDanbury, and Soapstone, in the form o. greenish, massive rock,\\n(potstone,) for making chimney hearths and linings is found near\\nDanbury. Mica has been worked at a quarry 4 miles from Dan-\\nbury on Big Creek. Limestone or Marble is found at the quarries\\nof Martin, on Snow Creek, and Boleyjack, near Germanton and\\noutcropping on a branch of the Dan near Pted Shoals, and else-\\nwhere.\\nThe population of the county, according to the census of 1870.\\nwas 11,208 white, 8.600 colored, 2,608.\\nDanhury, the County-seat, issituate H in the centre of the County,\\non the eastern slope of the Sauratown Mountains, which rises\\nfrom the western side of Dan River. Tlie Main Street extends\\nwestwRrd from the river, ascending to the summit of an oval\\nknoll, where the Court House stands, at an elevation of 836 feet,\\naccording to the observations of the U. S. Coast Survey.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "46 GCIDK UOOK OF\\nThe village contains the County jail a church, a flourishing female\\ninstitute, four stores, McCandless hoteland Tayloi- s boarding house.\\nThere are a number of mills and tanneries within its vicinage.\\nThe various trades and occupations incident to a village are also\\nfound here. Dr. John Pepper Sons, whose public spirit and en-\\nterprise have contributed so much to the development of this lo-\\ncality, some years ago established a newspaper, the Danhury Rc-\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0porter, (Democratic), which is conducted with a good degree of\\nspirit, and shows a degree of correctness in printing not usually\\nobservable on the columns of a country paper. Its population,\\nincluding Meadows township, is 2,06 white, 1,626 colored, 439.\\nGermanton, 13 miles from Danbury, is pleasantly situated at the\\njunction of Town Fork, Neatman and Buffalo Creeks. It was the\\ncounty seat up to the time when the county was divided to form\\nForsyth County. It contains a Methodist Church and several\\nstores. Dr. Sharswood has lately inaugurated a movement for\\nbuilding an Episcopal (high) church here, which according to the\\nplan, would present a unique and very picturesque effeet. At this\\nlocality may be seen some of the best land of the County.\\nDan River measures about 125 feet at Danbury, and as soon as\\nthe dam of the Moratuc Works shall have been built will afford the\\npower of several large engines. The management of the Moratuc\\nIron Works will have water power privileges, and encouarge the\\nintroduction of manufacturing industries. At Hairston s Ford, 10\\nmiles below Danbury, the river is navigable for flat-bottom boats to\\nDanyille, and by the aid of locks and other simple contrivances of\\nslack water navigation, could be made navigable up to Danbury.\\nPiedmont Sjriings are situated near the base of the Sauratown\\nMountains, about two and a half miles from Danbury, have been\\nfitted up as a summer resort. It is a chalybeate water, and is re-\\nputed to be curative of many complaints, and to possess such an\\ninvigorating effect on the system, for which the most celebrated\\nmedicinal waters are sought. Here Moore s Knob, Hanging Rock\\nand spurs of the Sauratown Mountains, with their deep gorges and\\nlofty boulders loom up in front of the Hotel building. There is also\\nan alum spring a mile West of Piedmont Springs, on Mountain\\nCreek a sulphur, and a chalybeate-alum sj^ring a half mile from\\nthe first; and Moore s alum-sulphur spring three miles N. W. of\\nPiedmont Springs. The presence of iron and alum in these waters\\nis due to the decomposition of the iron pyrites, so widely diffused in\\nthe gneisses, granites and slates.\\nThe beautiful Cascade is within two miles of the Springs.\\nList of Minerals found in Stokes County. Sulphur in frequently\\nmet with in minute crystals in cellular quartz, filling the cavities\\nformerly occupied by pyrifce.\\nGraphite or Fltonbaf/o occurs in beds on the Little Yadkin. He-\\nmatite, the foliated and micaceous variety occurs at Snow Creek.\\nMagncilic, a band of granular magnetite, free from titanic acid,\\nmixed with actinolite, tremolitc and a little epidote, passes from\\nnear Danbury, and also from Surry County, through Yadkin,\\nForsyth, Davie, Lincoln and Gaston Counties. This mineral forms\\nthe iron ore of Stokes County above mentioned.\\nPyroh .-sitr, occurs near Danbury in fine crystalline masses.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "XORTH-W ESTERN NORTH CAROLIiNA. 47\\nQi .ar/:. Good specimens of Jlock Crystal have been found at\\nStokesburg, and very fine crystals \u00c2\u00a3Mid cluster of crystals of Amethyst\\nof good violet and pink colors on western part of Sauratown\\nMountains. Opalescent Quartz, at Dan River. Chalcedony is fo-ind at\\nMartins quarry, and at two localities within two miles of Danbury.\\nIlornstone is found at Martins quarry. Itacolumltc or flexible sand-\\nstone forms a stratum in the quartziteat the Sauratown Mountains.\\nFossil Wood is abundant near Germanton, where iho public road is\\nin a measure obstructed by the multitude of fragments, and entire\\ntrunks and projecting stumps of a petrified Triassic Forest.\\nAmphiholr Actinolite has been observed in talcose rocks, at\\nBolejack s quarry, and at Rogers Ore Bank. Asbestos is found on\\nthe waters of Big Creek, and at other localities.\\nBeryk has been found at the Mica quarry on Big Creek, G miles\\nN. W of Danbury.\\nGarnet is found at several localities, being a constant constituent\\nof many of the mica and hornblende slates, in which it occurs in\\nminute dodecahedral and trapezohedral crystals of a brownish or\\nbrownish-red color. Beautiful and perfect crystals of this mineral\\nof a brownish red color, are found near Germanton. The massive\\nmanganese c/arnct is abundant near Moore s Mill.\\nP/ilor/opsite, in small, brownish scales has been found in the\\ngranular limestone of Bolejack s quarry, and at Martin s quarry.\\nTo rmal ine is found on the waters of Snow Creek, with black,\\ngreen and white varieties.\\nGranite is found 6 miles East of Danbury in coarsely bladed\\nmasses of a blue and greenish-blue color.\\nTitanitc is found in minute brown crystals in hornblende slate\\nand in granite at Roger s Ore Bank, and in the N. E. part of the\\ncounty.\\nLazuHtc is found at Coffee Gap, in the Sauratown Mountains, in\\ndark blue crystals and crystaline masses in quartz, and a very lit-\\ntle margarite.\\nCalcitc, the granular varieties which constitute marble before\\nmentioned.\\nAnthracite, the bituminous coal of the Dan River is frecjuently\\nfound, especially near trap dykes, according to Dr. Genth, almost\\ndeprived of its hydrocarbons, approaching often true anthracite.\\nBituminous Coal, above mentioned.\\n,S ir l, Onyx, tSardontx and Cornelion are found associated at the\\nChalcedony formation 3 miles N. E. of Danbury. JasjKr has been\\nfound in the waters of the Little Yadkin.\\nList of Trees foi:\\\\d ix Stokes Cocntv. Yellow Pine, Pitch Pine,\\nLoblolly or Old Field Pine, Possum Pine, White Pino, White\\nOak, Post Oak. Swamp Oak, Rock Chestnut, AVillow Chestnut,\\nBlack Jack, (Nigra.) Spanish Jack, Black Jack, (Tinctoria,) Red\\nJack, Scrub Jack. Shell Pjark Hickory, Common or White Hickory,\\nBlack Walnut, White Walnut, Chestnut, Chinquapin Beech, Lo-\\ncust, Rose or Honey Locust, Red Bed, Catalpa, Red Maple. White\\nor Silver Maple, Red .Ash, White Ash, Slippery Elm, Chicasaw\\nPlum, Wild Red Cherry, Holly, Dogwood, Swamp Dogwood, Black\\nGum, Sassafras, Pride of Indies or China free, Longleafed Cucum-\\nber, Service Berry, Narrow-leafed Crab Apple, Persimmon, Mul-\\nberry, Cedar or Red Cedar. Carolina Poplar, Large-toothed Aspen,", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "48 GUIDE BOOK or\\nLombardy Poplar, Red Birch, Black Birch, Black Willow, Weep-\\ning Willow, Hop Hornbeam, Sycamore or Buttonwood, Sweet\\nGum, Tulip Tree or Poplar, Sour Wood or Sorre! Tree.\\nThe space assigned to this description of Stokes County does not\\nadmit of giving a list of the other plants found within this County,\\nbut we learn from tiie Dayibury Reporter that Dr. Sliarswood is col-\\nlecting materials for a historical, statistical, descriptive and illus-\\ntradcd account of Stokes County and its objects of interest, with\\nan appendix on its geology, zoology, etc. It will contain a neatly\\nexecuted lithograph of the county map which was drawn in con-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2formity to the Act of August 14th, 1868. which made it incixm-\\nbent upon the County Commissioners, at such time as may be con-\\nvenient, to make an instrumental survey of their respective coun-\\nties to file a map and survey in the office of the Department of\\nState at Raleigh.\\nFrom D.vnbury to Hairston s Ford, 12 miles German-\\nton, 13 miles Red Shoals P. O., h miles WalnutCove, 13 miles;\\nSauratown. 15 miles; Francisco, \\\\Zh miles; Dalton, 18 miles;\\nSalem, 28 miles Kernersville, 27 miles Greensboro, 46 miles\\nMt. Airy 30, miles; Madison, 18 miles; Wentworth, 33 miles;\\nLeaksville, 35 miles; Patrick Court-House, Va., 20 miles Reids-\\nville, 40 miles; Danville, 65 miles.\\nC/\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00abrc/i(;5.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Methodist, 12; Baptist, 9 Campbelite, 2.\\nSchools. White, 55 colorf^d, 15.\\nFruits. Apples, Peaches, Plums, Pears, and Grapes.\\nMills.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gvuxu, 60; Saw Mills, 35: 1 Steam Mill. 6 Tanneries.\\nFour Masonic Lodges.\\nSURRY COUNTY.\\nSurry County was formed in 1770 from Rowan County. The\\nname is derived from Surry County in the South of England. In\\nthe original Saxon it signifies The South River. It is situated\\nin the North Western part of North Carolina, bounded on the\\nNorth by the Virginia line. East by Stokes County, South by Yad-\\nkin, and West by Wilkes and Ashe. The County seat is Dobson,\\ndistant 140 miles from Raleigh, Northwest.\\nIn 1775 Surry was a frontier county. The Mulberry Field Meet-\\ning House, where the town of Wilkesboro now stands, in the up-\\nper end, was the only place of meeting. The men generally dress-\\ned in hunting shirts, short breeches, leggings and moccasons, and\\nthe women in linsey petticoats and bed-gowns, and in summer of-\\nten without shoes. Some had bonnets made of calico, and others\\nwore men s hats.\\nThe patriotism of the women of this region deserves a perpetual\\nrecord. It was their heroic conduct that inspired their husbands\\nand sons in the cause of liberty. They urged the men to leave\\nhome, and to prefer to die than be slaves while they staid at\\nhome and worked with their own hands at the plough and with\\nthe hoe, by day, to provide sustenance for their families, and at\\nnight with the spinning-wheel and loom they made the clothing^", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "XORTU-WK.^TDUN NORTH CAKOI.lJfA. 49\\nIn this county is the celebrated Ararat, or Pilot Mountain. It\\nrises jiradually to the height of severnl hundred feet, and termin-\\nates ill a rocky peak, from the summit of which there is a fine\\nview of the surrounding country. This mountiiin can be seen for\\nsixty or seventy miles, nnd was called Pilot Mountain by the In-\\ndians, as it served as a guide in their hunting and war routes.\\nTowns. Doison. Population 200. Some country trade. Citi-\\nzens own farms in vicinity.\\nMt. Ainj a,vl Viciiiifi/. After traveling 41 miles from .Salem, in a\\nNorthwestern direction, you come to the most interesting and\\nenergetic little town (Mt. Airy) that you have seen on your trip.\\nIt has a population of GOO to 700, with 4 churches, 3 schools, 9\\nstores, 3 furniture manufactories, 4 wagon manufactories, 2 news-\\npapers. Watchman and iSurn/ Visitor, 4 blacksmith shops, no bar-\\nrooms, and no liquor licitly sold within two miles of the place, 2\\nmasonic lodges, and the champion brass band of North Carolina\\nwith 15 members, 3 lanyards, 2 hotels, 1 boarding house, 1 photo-\\ngraph gallei y, 1 drug .store, 1 livery Ptable, 3 law offices, 1 leaf\\ntobacco warehouse, and in town and immediate vicinity, you will\\nfind 9 large tobacco factories, 3 cotton factories, 5 merchant mills\\nand a dozen or more little saw and corn mills. Mt. Airy has extra\\nfine water power on either side. On the South and West\\nis LoveU s Creek, with rich and cultivated bottom lands from 200\\nyards to mile in width, that extends seven or eight miles to-\\nwards the Blue Ridge, which is a distance of 10 miles to the foot\\nof this beautiful mountain. Two miles farther West of Mt. Airy,\\nwill bring you to Stewart s Creek, a much larger stream, and has\\nmuch prettier and more valuable bottom lands, that extend equal-\\nly .as near the mountain as those on LoveU s creek. Six miles still\\nfarther West will bring you to Fisher s River here you will see\\nlands equally as beautiful and productive as any you have seen on\\nyour trip. As you are now 10 miles from Mt. Airy, perhaps you\\nhad better return and sec the country that lies on the east. The\\nfiist thing that you will notice is the Flat Rode, miles due east of\\nMt. Airy. It has an area of about 40 acres in one body, that does\\nnot produce any vegetable matter, except a very light coat of dark\\ncolored moss, which renders this natural curiosity more beautiful\\nthan it otherwise would be. It lies fronting the Blue Eid^e Moun-\\ntain, which gives a splendid view for more than 100 miles, or at\\nleast farther than the eye can reach, either way the view is sub-\\nlime, especially late in the afternoon.\\nThis rock is one solid mass of gray granite, and is of a superior\\nquality. It is a very cheap building material, as it splits almost\\nlike chestnut wood, and can be, by a skillful workman, so dressed\\nas to have the ai)i5earanco of polished marble. A Railroad to\\nMt. Airy would make this now almost worthless trac!. of untenable\\nsurface a fortune to the owner.\\nYou now have the Ararat River between you and Mt. Airy. This\\nstream is much larger than either of those you have seen, with\\nextra bottom lands that extend 12 miles into Patrick county, Va.\\nWhite S lJphv.r Spriofj. i. 3.V miles up the Ararat River from Mt.\\nAiry, will bring you to the White Sulphur Springs. It has a new-\\nly fitted up hotel, that will comfortably accommodate 125 guests.\\nThis water I as been pronounced bv Prof. Kimborlv. formerlv Pro-", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "50 GLIDE BOOK. OK\\nfessor of the University of North C lrolina, to be of extraordinary\\nquality. Its reputation, so far as known, is inferior to none in this\\ncountry. It is an infallible cure for dyspejDsia, kidney, liver and\\nbladder diseases, chills and fever, chronic diarrhoja, general debility,\\nnervousness and many affections peculiar to females.\\nThis county is rich with minerals, particularly iron and copper.\\nAnd viewing this county with an unbiased eye, one would pro-\\nnounce it the garden spot of North Carolina, and all it needs to\\nmake it bloom as the rose, is a Railroad.\\nElk iii. On Yadkin River. Place of considerable trade. A fine\\nbridge spans the Yadkin River here. Seat of P^lkin Valley Mills,\\n(wool,) and Elkiu Manufacturing Company. Place of considera-\\nble trade. Good farming community in vicinity. Population 100.\\niloam. (P. O.) Farm village. Tobacco Factory of the Messrs.\\nReeves, princijial business. Also o fair country store. Good farms\\nin vicinity.\\nHockford. Old county town. Some country trade. A good\\nHigh School is taught here.\\n2 opulation of Co! ,7i(i/.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White, 9,692 5 colored, 1,560. Total, 11,252.\\nFruits. Apples, Peaches, Plums, and the usual variety of small-\\ner fruits. Considerable fruit di ied for exportation.\\nSurface of the county hilly and mountainous.\\nPiindpal Products. Corn, Tobacco, Wheat, Rj e, Oats, Potatoes\\nand Grasses.\\nMinerals. Lead, Coal, Mica, Iron, Manganese, Asbestos.\\nSoil. Red and Gray.\\nIndustries. Grist Mills, 46 Saw Mills, MO 1 Shoe Factory 4\\nPotteries Sash and Blind Factory 1 Furniture and Cabinet Shop.\\nWoods. Chestnut, Pine, Poplar, Hickory, Walnut, Locust, Oak,\\nCherry. Similar general growth of timber to be found in Stokes.\\nChurches. Methodist, 27 P aptist, 25,\\nSulphur Springs, 1. Three Iron.\\nGranite, Soapstone, Sandstone, Millstone in considerable quan-\\ntities.\\nWII-RES COUNTY.\\nWilkes County was formed in the year 1777 from Surry, and\\ncalled in honor of John Wilkes, a distinguished English statesman\\nand member of Parliament. He was ejected by the ministerial\\nparty from Parliament on account of his liberal political views;\\nand as often he wns returned by the people. He died in 1797.\\nWilkes County is situated in the extreme north-west portion of\\nour State and bounded on the north by the Line Ridge, which\\nseparates it from A she County: oast, by Surry south, by Alex-\\nander; and west, by Ashe and Watauga Counties.\\nIts capital, Wilkesboro, is one hundred and seventy-two miles\\nnorth-west of Raleigh.\\nThe County of Wilkes presents many interesting features both\\nto the immigrant and the tourist. It embraces a lo-vely and fertile\\nvalley formed by the Yadkin Rrver and its tributaries, the top of", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "^ORTH\u00e2\u0080\u00a2wEsrEU^ north cakomna. 51\\nthe Blucridge being its northern and the top of the Brushy Moun-\\ntain its southern boundary. Tlie Yadkin, running as it does,\\nabout North 60\u00c2\u00b0 East, or parallel with the Geological leads, furnish-\\nes very tine water power. Its shoals or shallows being nothing\\nmore than an accumulation of pebbles. On its banks are found\\nsome of the finest bodies of bottom land to be seen anywhere in\\nthe State, some of which have been cultivated in corn for over\\none hundred years in succession, and are now much more fertile\\nthan when first cleared. These lands overflow, and almost always\\nreceive a heavy coating of rich loam.\\nThe tributaries of the Yadkin head up in the Blueridge and\\nBrushy mountains, and running immediately across the (ieologieal\\nleads form an immense number of water powers, some of them\\nbeing very picturesque cascades. There are in this county some\\ntwenty-odd of these streams that have a sufficient amount of wa-\\nter to run heavy machinery.\\nWil/co^ boro, the county-seat, is situated on a high blulf, imme-\\ndiately on tlie bank of the Yadkin. It is beauti ul for situation,\\nbut not very well grown of its age. It is sixty miles West of\\nSalem, and thirty to forty miles North-west from Statcsvillo. For\\nthe tourist, Wilkes furnishes some scenery unsurpassed for beauty,\\nthough perhaps not so grand as that of some of the more moun-\\ntainous counties. Her most popular object of interest is Poor s\\nKnob, of the Brushy Mountains, eight miles South of Wilkesboro.\\nIt rises to the height of 2,6SG feet above the level of the sea, and\\n1,600 feet above the valley of the Yadkin. From its to} you can\\nhave a full view of some seventy-five to one hundred miles all\\naround you, taking therein the Pilot and Sauratown mountains,\\nBuffalo, Peach-bottom, Whit-top, Phoenix, Negro, Elk Knob, Roan,\\nGrand-father, Table-rock, Hawkbill, Black Mountain, King s, An-\\nderson s, Crowder s, and the level plane extending South and\\nEast, as far as the eye can reach, in which view are visible States-\\nville and Lincolnton, and with a good glass, Salisbury and perhaps\\nGreensboro might bo seen. In full view on the North, and nestled\\nin the valley of the Yadkin, sits the quiet little town of Wilkes-\\nboro, and a little farther North are the magnificent proportions of\\nthe Blue Pidge, visible for some two hundred miles in length.\\nHalf way between Wilkesboro and Poor s Knob is Moravian Falls,\\na beautiful rolling cascade of some seventy-five or one hundred\\nfeet height, and so picturesque that it never fails to refresh the\\nweary traveler and fill his ears with the Music of Waters. An-\\nother interesting object, the Kock Mountain, lies in the northern\\npart of the county, near Trap Hill. It is a mountain of solid rock,\\nsome five or six miles in circumference at the base six or eight\\nhundred feet high, with the top and one end covered with a splen-\\ndid grove of oaks and other jiative trees and pouring over an\\nangle of the mountain is a lovely cataract of more than one hun-\\ndred feet.\\nWilkes also has several unimproved Mineral Springs, which no\\ndoubt will some day, give the pallid cheek the rosy hue. and the\\nhalting gate the elastic step.\\nComing to the practical, it may be remembered that Tobacco\\nraised in Wilkes took the first premium at the Vienna Fair, and", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "52 GUIDE ];oc K oj\\nthat the liriisliy Mountain apples are unexcelled any where in the\\nworld.\\nThese mountains are also peculiarly adapted to the grape, and\\nif they could only be settled by a few hundred industrious\\nGermans, they would soon rival the vine-clad hills of Italy and\\nFrance. Besides these things all the cereals are raised, and well\\nrepay the industrious farmer.\\nThe climate of Wilkes is remarkably liealthful. There is no\\nsuch thing as malaria in her borders, and the Blue Kidge com-\\npletely fortifies her peopjle against the cold North-west winds,\\nthereby lessoning the danger of inflammatory diseases in winter.\\nThe census will show her ratio of mortality as small as that of any\\npart of the United States.\\nChurches. Methodist 28 Baptist 5G Episcopal 2 Presbyte-\\nrian 2.\\nSchools.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 WhiiQ, 94 Colored, 18 High Schools, 3.\\nTimber. Oak, Pine, Chestnut, Hickory. Walnut and Poplar.\\nMills.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 GroAn 95 Saw Mills 54.\\nPotteries, 1 Tanneries, 12 1 Foundry.\\nFruits. Apples, Peaches, Pears, Grapes, Cherries, Berries, c.\\nPopulation of County.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White, 13,877 colored, 1,662. Total, 15,539.\\nGranite, Sandstone, Soapstone and Mill Stones are found. Also\\nIron, Manganese, traces of Gold, Silver and Coi^per.\\nALLEGHANif COUNTi\\nBounded on the North by Virginia, East by Surry, South by\\nWilkes and West by Ashe.\\nSurface hilly and mountainous.\\nPrincipal Timber. Oak, Chestnut, Poplar, Birch, Maple.\\nChurches. 10 Baptist,\\nSchools. (Not correctly reported,) 4 white and 2 colored.\\nCarding Machines, 3.\\nMills.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Gvn\\\\n, 20 Saw Mills, 9.\\nFurniture Manufactories, 4 Saddle and Harness, 1 3 Gold\\nMines Copper, Plumbago, Iron,\\ntaple Crops. Corn, Rye, Oats, Wheat, Buckwlieat, Potatoes and\\nGrasses.\\nFruits. Apples, Pears, Plums, c.\\nCharacters of soil like that of Surry, Wilkes, c.\\nCounty Seat. Gap Civil,\\nPopulation\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White. 3,401 Colored 290, Total 3,691.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROf.INA. 53\\nASHE COUNTY.\\nAshe County was formed in 1799 from tluit portion of Wilkes\\nlying West of the oxtremt^. heiglit of the Appalachian Mountains.\\nIt is in the extreme Northwest corner of the State bounded on the\\nNorth by tlie Virginia line, East by the Appalachian Mountains,\\nwhich separate it from Wilkes and Surry, and South Watauga,\\nCaldwell and Wilkes Counties,\\nIt was called in honor of Samuel Ashe, who was but a short\\ntime before the erection of this county, Governor of the State.\\nSamuel Ashe was born in 1725. IIo was an educated man, and\\na lawyer l)y profession. The proceedings of the Committee of\\nSafety and the journals of the Provincial Congress from 1774 to\\n1776 attest his firmness and patriotism.\\nHe was one of the three first judges in the State, 1777, and Cov-\\nernor in 1795.\\nIts capital town preserves in North Carolina the name of Thom-\\nas Jetlerson, the third President of fhe United States. Its distance\\nfrom Raleigh 202 miles.\\nAshe County was settled about 1755. The face of the country\\nis mountainous, its valleys fertile, yielding wheat, oats, barley,\\nbuckwheat and potatoes in great abundance. It has extensive\\nranges for pasture its air is i)ureand water excellent: the climate\\nfavorable to longevity.\\nChurches. Baptist, 20 ^Methodist, 10 Danker, 2.\\nSchools.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White, 100 Colored, 3.\\nTowns. Jefferson, population 300. Ore Knob, 500.\\nPriiicipai Timber. Uak, Walnut, Sugar Maple, Poi)lar, Hickory\\nand Cucumber.\\n1 Wool Carding Mill 5 Tanneries.\\nMil/s. Grain, 41 Saw, 30. Furniture Shops, 3.\\nMinerals, Iron, Copper, c.\\nPopulaiion\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White 8,991 Colored 5S2. Total 9573.\\nThe following sketch was written for the Marion, (Va.j IL-rald\\nand Patriot\\nOre Knob, as the mountain peak upon which the mine is situat-\\ned is called, is situated in Ashe county, N. C, 46 miles southeast\\nof Marion (the nearest railroad depot), and ten miles east of Jef-\\nferson, the county site of Ashe county. The existence of copper\\nupon the Knob has been known for some twenty-five years, but\\nthe magnitude of the deposits was not suspected until the present\\ncompany obtained possession of it. To show how little was sus-\\npected of its immense value, we will mention that it was sold in\\n1848 for the magnificent sum of eleven dollars, and was afterward\\nbought by Mr. John Martin, now a resident of Ashe county. It\\nwas worked on a small scale before ihe war by a Tennessee com-\\npany, who had no works upon the ground, but hauled the ore by\\na roundabout way to Wytheville for shipment. Tiie present com-\\npany, composed of Messrs. S. S. Clayton, Geo. Small, Juo. S. Wil-\\nliams, James Clayton, and others, all of the city of Baltimore, is\\nincorporated with a working capital of three million dollars and\\nthat sum is far short of the real value of the knob, which contains,\\nall things considered, one of tlie most valuable and extensive veins\\nof coppei- ov^ r discovered in America.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "54 OU!I E BOOK OV\\nThe vein of copper, which extends transversely through the\\nKnob, is a true fissure, and has been traced a distance of nearly\\n1,200 feot. The depth of the vein is not known, as the deepest\\nshaft yet sunk is 152 feet, and the ore is still beneath, and extends\\nto an indefinite depth fissure veins have rai ely been worked\\ndown to any bottom. The width of the vein where cross-cuts\\nhave been made is from twelve to fourteen feet and it is safe to\\nsay that it will average at least ten feet in width The ore will\\nyield an average of twelve to twenty per cent, of copper. The\\nimmense value of the Ore Knob mine will be seen when we state,\\nupon the authority of experienced miners, that a three foot vein\\nof copper ore, yielding from 3 to 5 per cent, of copper, is consid-\\nered a good paying vein.\\nSeven shafts have been sunk to the vein, the deepest of which\\nis, as before stated, 152 feet. A gallery about 630 lectin length\\nhas been run through the vein. In sinking the shafts and run-\\nning the gallery at least three hundred thousand dollars worth of\\nore has been taken out, which is now being worked up by the\\ncompany. It sounds almost incredible that this vast amount of\\nore should have been taken out wliile merely opening tlie vein and\\npreparing for mining, but the ore is there to speak for itself.\\nThe company when they first commenced operations shipped a\\nconsiderable quantity of ore to market, but they have now erected\\nextensive works for the extraction of the metal at the mines.\\nThe process of making copper is as follows The ore is first crush-\\ned, and then ground to an impalpable powder; after which it is\\nroasted in furnaces for the purpose of driving off the sulphur\\nwhich it contains. The copper is then extracted from the ore by\\nthe wet process, discovered and patented by Dr. T. Sterry Hunt,\\nof Boston, and Prof. Jas. Douglas, Jr., of Quebec, Canada. This\\nprocess, which is put into operation at Ore Knob for the first time\\non a large scale, is a very simple and economical method of ex-\\ntracting the metal and will, we think, be adopted universally when\\nits merits become known, and will be a large source of revenue to\\nthe distinguished chemists who are its discoverers.\\nBy the process of Professors Hunt and Douglas, the ore, after\\nthe roasting process, is put in a bath of chloride of iron, made\\nby mingling salt and copperas. This is thoroughly stirred and the\\ncopper dissolved. After the copper is thoroughly dissolved the li-\\nquor is allowed to stand for some hours, in order to allow the\\nheavier particles to subside; then the liquor, with the copper in\\nsolution, is drawn oft into tanks filled with scrap iron; the result\\nis the precipitation of the copper on the iron in the shaj^e of ce-\\nment, or sponge copper. The liquor, after giving up its copper, is\\nused over again indefinitely. The company is shipping the cement\\ncopper to market at present but as sson as furnaces can be erect-\\ned for which preparations are now making, the copper will be re-\\nfined at the mine and shipped to market in ingots. The present\\ndaily production of copper is about 4,500 pounds, the marketable\\nvalue of which is about $1,000.\\nThe present company purchased Ore Knob over five years ago,\\nbut spent a considerable time in perfecting their title to the prop-\\nerty, so that they only commenced active mining operations about", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "NORTII-M ESTKKS NORTH CAROLINA. 55\\nour years ago. In that short space they have done an e.vtraordin-\\nary amount of work. They have built twenty-si.x roasting furnaces\\nand forty- four tanks, with a capacity of 4,000 gallons each dry-\\ning-liouse, engine-houses, store-houses, offices, a largo boarding-\\nhouse for employees, and quite a number of other buildings.\\nW ATA If A COUNTY.\\nThe Iron, or Smoky Mountain, forms the line between Xorth Car-\\nolina and Tennessee along the northern boundary of this county.\\nNear the East end of the Roan Mountain, this chain begins to run\\na few degrees East of North, and keeps this course a few miles be-\\nyond the Gap where the Watauga River breaks through to join the\\nHolston. Then turning abruptly to the p]ast, and at the State\\nGap, North again, leaving a salient angle in North Carolina, this\\ngreat mountain chain reaches the corner of this Siato, Tennessee\\nand Virginia.\\nFrom the point first indicated, near the Roan Mountain, the\\nYellow Mountains run a little South of East, nearly along the line\\nbetween Mitchell and Watauga counties, and continuing close to\\nGrandfather Mountain, near the Blue Ridge.\\nThence the Blue Ridge runs North-eastwardly to the Virginia\\nline.\\nOccupying the AVestern end of the vast plateau, thus encom-\\npassed by these three great mountain ranges, lies the County of\\nWatauga. The Eastern portion of the same plateau forms Ashe\\nCounty. The average height of this plateau is more than three\\nthousand feet above sea level. Very many isolated mountains and\\nranges of hills break up and diversify the county, some rivaling\\nin height the mnjestic walls by which tlie county is so nearly sur-\\nrounded but the sides, and even the summits of these elevations\\nare lertile, and, notwithstanding its rugged surface, Watauga con-\\ntains but few acres which are not valuable for crops or pasture.\\nA tributary of the Ohio, the New River, heads in this county,\\nand with its many affluents drains the Eastern half, while the\\nsame office is performed in the Western half by the head and afflu-\\nents of the Watauga River, a tributary of the Tennessee. So\\nWatauga County is properly a part of the vast Valley of the Mis-\\nsissippi. Both systems of streams afford an abundance of water\\npower, and in the proper season many of them give good trout\\nfishing.\\nWhile raising enough wheat and corn for home consumption,\\nthis county annually exports a considerable quantity of buckwheat,\\nrye, cabbage, apples, chestnuts, Irish potatoes, j)oultry, eggs, but-\\nter and cheese, and furnishes tlie Northern patent medicine ven-\\nders with great amounts of medicinal roots and herbs. It also\\nsends largo droves of cattle, mules and horses to the markets of\\nTennessee, Virginia and South Carolina.\\nIts population is between five and si.x thousand. It contains\\n185,327 acres, tenanted bv a hardv, shrewd, industrious and hos-", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "56 GCiDK BOOK, or\\npitable yeomanvy. But one conviction of murder, or other capital\\nfelony, has ever been had in the county.\\nSo far as temperature is concerned, its climate is nearly the same\\nas that of Berlin, Prussia, and Chicago, Illinois. The average for\\nSpring is 47\u00c2\u00b0, Summer, 68\u00c2\u00b0, Autumn, 48\u00c2\u00b0 and Winter, 32\u00c2\u00b0, giving\\nan annual mean of 48 7-10\u00c2\u00b0, while that of Berlin is 48\u00c2\u00b0 and Chicago\\n47\u00c2\u00b0. The greatest range of the mercury at Boone, the highest\\ntown in the State, being 3,242 feet above sea level, is 78\u00c2\u00b0 or from\\n40\u00c2\u00b0 to 82\u00c2\u00b0.\\nWesterly winds prevail, an observation for two years showing\\n259 days when such was the case, while 39 days had Southerly, 37\\nEasterly and 10 Northerly winds .the remaining days being calm,\\nor rather, entirely breezeless.\\nNear Morris Flouse, on the Caldwell and Watauga Turnpike, 8\\nmiles from Boone, is a Spring, tested by Mv. Olds, of Raleigh, and\\npronounced by him to be 49\u00c2\u00b0. The famous Rock Spring at Morris\\nis 52J\u00c2\u00b0.\\nThe rainfall is about the same as in the other mountain counties.\\nThere are no manufactories of any size, or any great mercantile\\nestablishments in the county owing to its distance from railroads,\\nbut its commerce, conducted by wagons, is very considerable, and\\nits fai mers are often found, during the winter months, as far South\\nas Columbia, S. C.\\nIts recent establishment, as a county, has prevented its claiming\\nas its own any of the great events of the past, although many in-\\ncidents dignified by historical notice, took place within what are\\nnow its borders, and village tradition still points out a rude heap\\nof blackened stone in a fair meadow in Boone as the remains of\\nthe chimney of a hunting lodge built by the mighty hunter after\\nwhom the county town is proud to be named.\\nSeveral points of interest to the tourist, in this county, near or\\non the line of Caldwell, will be spoken of in the sketch of that\\ncounty.\\nChurches. Baptist, 11 Methodist, Lutlieran. 2 Episcopal, 1.\\nLodges. Masonic, 1 Eriends of Temperance 2.\\nTmber. Oak, Chestnut, Poplar, Pine, Sugar Maple. Cherry and\\nWalnut.\\nMills Grain, 29; Saw, IS. 2 Sliingle Eactories, 2 Fui niture. 2\\nTanneries.\\nFruit. Apples, Peaches, c.\\nMinerals. Iron, Mica, Plumbago, Gold, Silver and Cojipcr are\\nfound.\\nA 1,1) w EL I.\\nSouth of Watauga lies Caldwell, bounded on the Noi-th by the\\nBlue Ridge, on the South by the Catawba River, on t!ie East by\\nAlexander and Wilkes, and on the West by Jonas Ridge, a spur\\nof the Grandfather Mountain, dividing this county from its parent,\\nBurke.\\nThrough the centre of the county, from East to West, run two\\nparallel chains of hills, the Southern range called the Brushy", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "NORTII-n ESTERN NORTH CAR0UN.4. 57\\nthe Northern are called the AVarrior Mountain. These lise together\\noutside the county, and enter it, after dividing from the parent\\nchain, about 7 miles a))art. Brushy Mountain culminates and\\nends in TurkeycocI^, or High Britain Mountain, 3 miles in an air\\nline fi om Lenoir, the county seat, while Warrior Mountain keeps\\non farther to the West, atid ends at John s River, a few miles East\\nof Jonas i^idge. The broad and fertile valley enclosed between\\nthese ranges is drained hy Lower Creek and its affluents. South\\nof the Lower Creek Valley, and towards the Catawba River, the\\ncounty is undulating, drained by numerous creeks and branches,\\neach watering a greater or less expanse of bottom land. The up-\\nlands in the Southern third of the county, though now neglected,\\nwill in time, be the I ichest section for wheat and tobacco in this\\npart of tiie State. The Northern thii d of the county presents a\\nvery diflerent topography. Six massive spurs lead from the Blue\\nRidge South, and, coming in some places to within 2 miles or less\\nof Warrior Mountain range, with which they form right angles.\\nBetween these ridges, the live valleys are drained by Buftalo, flow-\\ning into the Yadkin, the Yadkin proper, and Mulberry, John s\\nRiver, and Wilson Creek, the thi ee latter, under the name of\\nJohn s River, flowing into the atavvba nearMorganton. As it reach-\\nes the lowlands North of the Warrior Range, the Yadkin bends ab-\\nruptly to the Eastward, forming the noted Valley of the Yadkin,\\nmarked on the older maps as The Happy Valley, well known\\nas the home, in former days, of Gen. \\\\Vm. Lenoir, Col. Wm.\\nDavenport, Gen. Sam I. F. Patterson and others, whose lives are a\\npart of the history of the State, and now occupied mostly by their\\ndescendants and kindred, who still kenp alive the habits of hos-\\npitality and thrift that have made their names household words\\nin so many sections of the Commonwealth.\\nFrom its peculiar location, extending from the mountain back-\\nbone of the Continent to tiie lowlands of the Catawba, this county\\nafl ords so varied a list of ])roductions that it is impossible in this\\narticle to enumerate them. In one short day s journey the travel-\\nler may, in this county, gather flowers from the Laurel and the\\nFig. The Census Reports show that the county fills up every col-\\numn of crops raised in the country, except sugar cane, and it af-\\nfords a substitute for that in sorghum.\\nIt contains 250,701 acres, sustaining a population of about 9,000.\\nIts average elevation above sea level, in the more settled portion,\\nis about 1,200 feet.\\nIts average temperature is, Sj)ring, 55^, Summer, 74\u00c2\u00b0, Autumn,\\n55\u00c2\u00b0, Winter 38\u00c2\u00b0, giving an annual mean of 55?\u00c2\u00b0, or nearly that of\\nParis, France, which is 51\u00c2\u00b0, and Venice, Italy, 55\u00c2\u00b0. The mercury\\nhas a range of 82\u00c2\u00b0, or i rom 9\u00c2\u00b0 to 91\u00c2\u00b0 The total rainfall lor a year\\nis 4Si inches, as I ollows Spring, 10^, Summer. 14 .\\\\.utumn\\n10 15, and Winter, 13^.\\nThree years observation show the winds as follows: Westerly,\\n192 days, Southerly, 85 days, Easterly, 144 days, and Northerly\\n139 days. High winds are e.xceedingly rare.\\nThere are four maimfactories, one of considerable size, the cot-\\nton and woolen mills of (iwyn, Harper Co., at Patterson, on the\\nYadkin River. 7 mih North of Lenoir. Tliere are 4 jzold mines", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "58 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nin the county, and innumerable beds oF Iron ore, some pronounced\\nby the State Geohigist, of fine quality, yielding; 65 per cent, of iron.\\nThe population is honest, law-abiding and frugal. A higher de-\\ngree of Education than common, prevails here. Lenoir has cele-\\nbrated schools and a prosperous Public Library.\\nBut one execution ever occurred in the county.\\nThe principal points of interest to travelers are as follows Tur-\\nkeycock Mountain, .5 miles by a graded road from Lenoir, and 10\\nmiles from the thriving village of Hickory (on the W. N.\\nC. Railroad,) 2,242 feet above sea level. From its clear summit, a\\nview can be had, rivalling in beauty, and almost in extent, those\\naftbrded by its grander neighbors of the Blue Ridge. It is in con-\\ntemplation to place a signal station for observations of the weather,\\nupon these hills.\\nGrandfather Mountain, the central knob or culminating point of\\nall the mountain systems of this region, is .5,897 feet above sea\\nlevel, and was long believed to be the highest peak of the whole\\nAppalachian chain. Its vast bulk, and its great altitude above the\\nlow valleys which surround it, make it more imposing than its loftier\\nbretliren of the Black Mountain group. Its top, from East to West,\\nshows the gigantic profile of a bearded face, giving it its name.\\nIt is JO miles from Hickory, 31 from Lenoir, and 9 miles\\nfrom Morris House, from which point it is easily accessible on\\nhorseback. The high-walled valley back of the Grandfather, be-\\ntween it and the Hanging Rock Mountain, is one of tlip most pic-\\nturesque places in the State. It is reached from ShuU s Mills, 7\\nmiles from Morris, and 48 from Hickory.\\nBlowing Rock Mountain, a spur of the Blue Ridge, joins its pa-\\nrent where the Caldwell and Watauga Turnpike cross the crest of\\nthe Ridge. TJie mountain is 4,090 feet a.bove sea level, and courses\\nover Northward like some enormous wave, arrested and turned\\ninto shore just as it was about to fall upon the valley below. This\\ncliff is 2,500 feet above the upper valley of John s River, and for\\nhundreds of feet is almost precipitous. In almost any weather, so\\nstrong a breeze blows up and over the cliff, that small articles, as\\nhandkerchiefs and hats, thrown down towards the valley, are\\nhurried back over the heads of those standing on the crest.\\nNear here are the head springs of the Yadkin and New Rivers,\\nseparated by two hundred yards of level meadow the waters of\\none reach the Atlantic above Charleston in 450 miles of travel of\\nthe other, the Gulf of Mexico, after 2,500 miles of devious wan-\\nderings, and mingling with streams from one-fourth of the States\\nof the Union.\\nBlowing Rock is 20 miles from Lenoir and 39 from Hickory\\nChurches. Baptist, 20 Methodist, 17 Lutheran, 2 Episcopal,\\n2 Presbyterian. 1.\\nSchools. -Two High Schools one at Lenoir of considerable repu-\\ntation, known as Finley High School. The other known as\\nDavenport Female College, also located at Lenoir, in full view\\nof the Blue Ridge about twenty miles distant. It was founded in\\nin the year 1853 by the liberality of a number of citizens, promi-\\nnent among whom was Col. William Dayenport, of Happy Valley,\\nin honor of whom the institution was named.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "XORTII-WESTEKX NORTH CAROLINA. 59\\nD. F. C. belongs to the Methodist Episcopal JChurch .South, anduntil\\nthe j-car 1870 was under the control of tlie .South Carolina Confer-\\nence. At that tima it was transferred to the North Carolina Con-\\nference, which now holds and controls it.\\nIn 1805 it was occupied and plundered by Gen. Stoneman s\\narmy, and its operations were consequently suspended for a few\\nweeks. With this exception it was in successful operation from its\\nfirst opening in 1858 to the 14th of February, 1877, when it was\\naccidentally consumed by fire. It is now (1878) in progress of\\nre-construction and will, in a short time, be ready to re-open.\\nIt has educated a large number of young ladies, among whom\\nare many of the most accomplished daughters of North and South\\nCarolina.\\nToivm. Lenoir; population, 600. Patterson; population, 100.\\nAll varieties of useful timber.\\nMineral tSprinqx. Suljihur, 3 Mignesia, 1 several Iron.\\n3/e7/,s-.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Grain. 51 Saw, 41.\\nFurniture Shops, 5 Implements, 1 Tanneries, 8 Potteries, 1.\\nMinerals. Silver, Copper. Mica, Iron, Manganese. Asbestos.\\nFriiit, Same Fruits flourish in Caldwell as in Watauga.\\nCATAWBA COUNTY.\\nCatawba County stands prominent among the counties of Wes-\\ntern North Carolina, combining as it does in its favored locality,\\nthe highest fertility of soil, varied natuial resources, an l most\\n.admirable characteristics of its people. In the division of Meck-\\nlenburg county in 1768, Tryon was formed. On a -count of the\\nhatred of the people towards Governor Tryon, the county was\\ndivided in 1779 into Lincoln and Rutherford counties. In 1842\\nthe Legislature divided j^incoln county and Catawba was formed,\\nand lies south of the atawba river, with its southern limit resting\\non Lincoln county. Newton, the county-scat, was not finally\\nlocated until 1844. The building, however, was commenced in 1843.\\nThe first Com-t in the county was held under a mulberry tree, at\\nthe famous Barringer Muster Ground, one and a half miles east\\nof the present Court House. Tiiis muster ground had acquired\\na wide celebrity on account of the militia reviews held there for\\nmany years. On these occasions the gay and pleasure-loving, from\\na wide territory around, met in largo numbers, and spent several\\ndays in traffic and in the various amusements that delighted the\\nplain but honest and social people of those primitive times. At\\nthis Court, A. II. Shuford, Esq., was elected Sheriff, and Joseph\\nReinhardt, County Court Clerk, In 1847 Jonas Kline was elected\\nSheriff. He has held the office ever since (a period of thirty-one\\nyears) with the exception of one short interval. George Setzer\\nwas elected County Court Clerk about the same time and remained\\nn office sixteen years.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "60 ociDE BOOK or\\nThe town of Newton was built up rapidlj after its final location.\\nIts trade from the beginning until the late war was very active,\\nand its mercliants were very successful. It was the seat of consid-\\nerable manufacturing and of flourishing schools and churches,\\nTlie location of the Western North Carolina i\\\\ailroad, three miles\\nnorth of the town, with only an arm extending to it, was very\\ndetrimental to its prosperity, since several other villages have\\nsjnung up in consequence of this location of the Railroad, wliich\\nhave greatly curtailed the trade of Newton. It is believed, how-\\never, that the change to be made the present year in the W. N C.\\nR. R. Line, bringing the main trunk by the town, togethrt- with\\nthe building of the Chester Lenoir Narrow Guage Ilaih oad by it,\\nwill restore its former prosperity.\\nThe town of Hickory, lying in the Western portion of the\\ncounty, has its name in quaint tradition, though it has been known\\nas a town but a few year?. An old log house, now standing in the\\ncentre of tiie village, was formerly known as Hickory Tavern.\\nWith tlie completion of the W. N. C. R. R. to this point on the\\n12th of April, 1800, the place was known in commercial parlance as\\nHickory Station, at which time Mr. A. L. Shuford was made\\nDepot Agent. Then it was but an open woods, desirable, however,\\nby reason of tiie elevated and level area of land that extended for\\nmiles in any direction. The Legislature of 1S63 incorporated the\\ntown of Hickory Tavern. In the Legislature of 1872-3 a new\\nincorporation act was passed, dropping the \u00e2\u0080\u00a2Tavern from its\\nname and extending the limits of the Town of Hickory. Its\\nprogress has been the subject of comment: a depot in tiie woods\\nin LSuO and on to the close of the war, it to-day numbers 1,500\\npopulation, three church buildings com})leted and three others\\nunder construction, two good hotels, eight or ten stores of general\\nmerchandise, with a complement of siiops, two livery stables, one\\nnewspaper, a public reading room, a leaf tobacco warehouse, four\\ntobacco factories, wagon, carriage and furniture manufactories, a\\ngood male school, and otlier schools for boys and girls. In its\\nimmediate neighborhood are four or five extensive flouring mills,\\nand further removed are otiier mills, all with their depot at this\\nplace, whose brands of flour have a reputation, wherever known,\\nexcelled by none. Its trade is as remarkable as its progress other-\\nwise. Five years ago its trade was made up of the ordinary Cash\\nand Barter transactions of the retail country store. To-day, its\\ncustomers are found to an extent of one liundrod miles distant,\\nmany of tliem merchants who make this the wholesale mart of\\ntheir tiansactions. Its merchants claim to handle more country\\nproducts than any other town on the W. N. C. R. R., one firm\\nshowing that it has handled one and a half million pounils of\\ndried fruits, from the crop of 1877. The tobacco warehouse was\\nestablished about a yeai ago, and has a fair prosjiect of meeting\\nwith that success in this line of trade, which has been so marked\\nin the town of Winston in Forsyth county. Two sales day\\neach week with a break of 5000 to 25,000 lbs. per week. This is\\nalso the depot of the Catawba White Sulphur Springs.\\nOther villages, those of Catawba and Conover, on tin; line of the\\nW. N. C. R. R. in the county, bear evidence of industry and enter-\\nprisp among their iniialii fonts.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "NORTU-UKSTKRN NORTH CAROLINA. 61\\nIn politics the people of Catawba county are almost a unit. In\\nformer years the Democratic party held complete sway. During\\nthe war the county voted almo-t unanimously for Z. B. Vance for\\nGovernor. Since the war it has been strongly allied to what is\\nnow known as the Democratic party. In all political contests in\\nthe State, that party has looked to it as the Banner County, and\\nno other county has as yet shorn it of its laurels.\\nIn social life its people are plain and unpretending, hospitable,\\ncourteous, generous and kind to be honest, frugal, temperate\\nand sincere has ever been their character. Descended principally\\nfrom German parents they live well and waste nothing, with much\\nof the primitive characteristics of their forefathers, intermixed\\nwith those of the Anglo Saxon Man, they combine traits which\\nin their blending make up the best typo ot the American citizen.\\nThey dislike very much to go in debt, evidenced by the fact that\\nmore than one effort to vote a county debt has been signally\\ndefeated. The county does not owe a dollar and has money in its\\ntreasury. A county claim is as good as a Treasury note, taxes are\\ncomparatively low, and yet the county is abreast of any county in\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2the West, in the march of internal improvements or anything\\nelse that marks their progress. It has ever been fortunate in\\nhaving its best and most discreet men at the head of aflfliirs. It\\nhas a poor-house which is well provided and comfortably kept;\\nfortunately, however, it has few inmates. Without wealth on the\\none hand it has little pauperism on the other. Its merchants\\nhave been heard to remark that it was a county adapted to the\\ncredit system in mei chandise. One of our principal merchants\\nsays he has not lost one per cent, of a large credit business during\\na period of five years. For a year or so after the p assage of the Bank-\\nrupt Act no one availed himself of the benefits of it, and to this\\ntime not a dozen men have been adjudged bankrupt in the county.\\nRemgious. The Lutheran Church. The tide of immigration began\\nto flow soutliward from Pennsylvania, about the year ViV These\\nwere Germans. Of these a number formed settlements west of the\\nCatawba river. They concerned themselves about the ministration\\nof the Word of God and the ordinances of llis liouse. They formed\\nsocieties, and erected houses of worship according to their ability.\\nWhile they were at first destitute of ministers of the gospel,\\nthese German Lutherans would assemble on Sunday and have\\nLutheran jitayers and sermons read for their edification by the\\nschool-teacher. The first Lutheran minister from Germany to this\\nState was Rev. Adolph Nussmann. Tiirough his influence Rev.\\nJ.G. Arndt came to his aid, who first preached to the Lutheran\\nsettlers in this county. Previous to and during the Revolutionary\\nWar, these two faithful servants of God labored alone. They\\nendured much toil and hardship, were instrumental in planting,\\norganizing and establishing the Lutheran Church in different\\nportions of North Carolina. After the Revolution was over Rev.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2J.G. Arndt removed from Rowan to Lincoln county, which then\\nembraced Catawba. He located in Lincoln county in the year\\n1786. There he labored and died and was buried under the old\\nLutheran church in Lincolnton. lie is the acknowledged founder\\nof the Lutheran Church west of the Catawba river. The last four\\nyears of his life lie was unfittofl for labor by the lo^s of his eyesight.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "2 C.VlDr. KCMiK OK\\nThe oldest churches in Catawba are St. Pauls and Zion, f) miles\\nfrom Hickory. Subsequently others were organized. After Rev.\\nArndt rested from his labors, in order Revs. J. R. Miller, Philip\\nHenkel, Daniel Moser and David Henkle broke the bread of life\\nto these congregations of German Lutherans.\\nFrom a handful in 1776 to 1800, the Lutheran Church in Catawba\\nhas increased to hundred even thousands. She has had her days\\nof sunshine and shade. The Lord has blessed and prospered her\\nwhere she has been faithfullj cultivated.\\nThe number of congregations now in Catawba is 14. with a mem-\\nbership of about two thousand.\\nThe first ministers were all German. Our ministers now preach\\nin English alone, all understand the German.\\nThe Lutheran Church here is in a prosperous. condition. Strong\\nefforts are now being made to establish a school of high grade at\\nConover, the centre of the Lutheran Church in Catawba, in the\\nmidst of a strong Lutheran population.\\nThe Bcformcd (German) Church. The Reformed (German) and\\nLutheran Churches were doubtless the earliest organized in the\\nlimits of the territory now included in Catawba County. St. Paul s\\nChurch, 11 miles West of Newton, is the oldest church in the\\ncounty. It is a union church. Reformed and Lutheran. The pres-\\nent is the second house of worship. It was built early in the\\npresent century. The first must have been built some considera-\\nble time before the revolution of 1770. The land was donated by\\nPaul Anthony, who was born in 1710. The immediate descend-\\nants of Henry Whitener, the pioneer of this section, were mem-\\nbers of the Reformed Church, and Father Loretz. a Reformed\\nminister, preached Henry Whiteuer s funeral. Father Andrew\\nLoretz came to North Carolina about 1784, and was the first regu-\\nlar pastor of the Reformed Churches in Catawba and several other\\ncounties in the State. He was a man of fine abilities, extensive\\nlearning, and commanding eloquence. His eulogy on Washington\\nwas a masterpiece of oratory. His field of labor stretched over\\n100 miles East of this county, and South, into the heart of South\\nCarolina. He died suddenly, in 1812, in the afte. noon of the last\\nday on which he preached at St. Paul s. Grace and St. John s\\nchurches were built early in the present century, Smyrna was or-\\nganized before 1840. St. Matthew s was organized about the same\\ntime. Bethel, several years later. The Church at Newton was\\nbuilt soon after the town was located. The congregation at Hick-\\nory was organized, perhaps, during the late war. The house of\\nworship has been built since. Salem is a L nion Church. The\\nReformed Congregation was organized there several years after the\\nlate war. Just before the middle of the present century, the con\\ngregations at Grace and St. Paul s were large and influential,\\ndoubtless, the most so in the county. With these exceptions, the\\nReformed congregations in this county have not been very large;\\nbut the church as a body has, from the first settlement of this sec-\\ntion (1750, the date of Henry Whitener s first Patent), included a\\nlarge per cent, of the best families. She has sustained an enviable\\ncharacter for intelligence, christian enterprise and piety. Her\\nmembers have always been in the front ranks of the noble enter-\\nprises of the church and the State. Tli( Bible und Tract Socie-", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WKSTERN NORTil CAROLINA. 63\\nlies, tlio Tompc-rauce cause, tlie Sabbath School and education,\\nhave ever been cherished objects with her people. None have\\nbeen more ardent or substantial supporters of the principles on\\nwhich our .government is founded, or of measures to advance her\\nwelfare. When the Classis of North Carolina inaugurated an in-\\nstitution of learning for the better training of the youth of the\\nchurch, Catawba County held out the strongest inducements for\\nlocation, anil ddawha ChUxgc was established at Newton, in 1851.\\nThe school immediately became popular, and for a number of\\nyears its patronage was large. The scholarship plan on which it\\nwas started did not meet its financial necessities, and its usefulness\\nafter a time was hindered. But through all of the vicissitudes\\nthrough which the church and the country have passed, the school\\nhas maintained itself well, and is now honorably represented by\\ntliose whom it has sent out from year to year, in the learned pro-\\nfessions and useful avocations in most, if not all the Southern and\\nWestern States, and in many of the Northern States besides. The\\nschool is full at pi esent, and in a flourishing condition.\\nThe churches mentioned in this sketch, contain upwards of 500\\nmembers, and are divided into two charges.\\nMethodkf. From the best information we can get, Methodism\\nwas introduced into Catawba County nearly one hundred years\\nago. We have no date at hand by which we can determine the\\nexact time it was introduced into the county. In the year 1830,\\naccording to the Minutes of one of the early Conferences in North\\nCarolina, llev. Hartwell Spain was Presiding Elder of the Lincoln-\\nton District, which embraced several counties, Catawba, then a\\npart of Lincoln, was among them. In this county at present,\\nthere are about 18 churches, worth, perhaps twenty thousand dol-\\nlars, ;tnd a membership of 1,100, with 8 ministsrs, travelling and\\nlocal. The church has made considerable progress in the last few\\nyears. The church in Hickoiy was organized in June, 18G8, with\\na membership of about 12 it now numbers nearly 70. Thus it\\ncontinues to grow. Her Sunday School interest is managed well,\\nand the rapid increase in membership is no doubt attributed in a\\nmeasure to l\u00c2\u00bber well regulated Sunday Schools, and her itinerant\\nsystem.\\nEpiscopal. The services of the Episcopal Church were establish-\\ned in this county in September, 1872, by the llev. V. Falls, then\\nRector of Grace Church, Morganton. The limits of this Parish,\\nwhich was formed by authority of the Diocesan Convention of\\n187. 5, were intended to embrace the entire county. The Rev.\\nEdmund N. .Joyner succeeded to the Pastoiate in 1874. Since\\n1872, there have been regular ministrations at Hickory, and also,\\nsince 1875, at Newton. There are at this date, 1878, a few more\\ntlian a hundred members in tli.^ Pnvish, about fifty of whom are\\nommunicanis.\\nJ ,-csh/tr,iuii /iurr/^ had iii lii st organization in the county in\\nthe town of Newton, in 1858, at which place they have now a mem-\\nbership of about ;55, and are erecting a house of worshij). Rev. J.\\nM. (iibbs took pastoral charge of a small congregation of Presby-\\nterians in ni.^lcorv. on the 18th of March. l 7. i. Thev are no^v", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "64 GUiuK BOOK oy\\nerecting also a house of worship in that phtcu. In the primitive\\nhistory of the State Presbyterianism was a pioneer, but in Catawba\\ncounty, until late years, it has been little known.\\nThe Baptist Church has an organization at the village of Catawba,\\nand also one at Hickory, with a house of worship at each place,\\nbut like those of the Presbyterian and Episcopal churches, their\\ncongregations are small they make some progress, however from\\nyear to year.\\nCatawba County has two prevailing soils, about equally divided\\nupon its uplands, the Northern portion being alluminous, a gray,\\nsandy surface with a clay subsoil, the Southern portion partaking\\nmore of the ferruginous, being strongly impregnated with iron,\\nand hence is a red yellow, soil. There is little of the rough gravel\\nor mica surface in the county. The bottom lands are exceedingly\\nfertile, principally a rich, sandy loam, with very little of that\\nvery troublesome surface, known among farmers, as Craw-\\nfish Lands. The average fertility of the soil can hardly be ex-\\ncelled by any county in the State. Its principal products are\\nWheat, Corn, Oats, Kye, c., c. The cro|) of Wheat in 1877,\\nreached one hundred and thirty-five thousand bushels. No cor-\\nrect estimate of the corn crop is given. Cotton is being profitably\\ncultivated especially in the Southern portion of the county, wliile\\nrecent developments have established the fact that Catawba Coun-\\nty can produce as fine tobacco as can be found elsewhere in the\\nState. Not only practical experience, but high authority as to the\\nnature of the soil, is quoted when we say that Catawba County\\nis embraced in the fine tobacco belt of Virginia and North Caro-\\nlina. The people are gradually being awakened to this addition-\\nal source of wealth in their midst, and are even now looking for-\\nward in the not distant future, when the production of Tobacco\\nwill be one of their leading industries. The establishment of a\\nLeaf Warehouse in the village of Hickory, has greatly stimu-\\nlated the industry. In production, we have but to add, that Ca-\\ntawba County sends to market more or less of near all the products\\nof the soil, except tropical fruits- Her native fruits are an im-\\nmense industry; even the despised blackberry is a power within\\nher borders. Grapes grow luxuriantly. The Grasses, to any great\\ndegree, are not native to her soil yet the Ciovar fields are rich,\\nand her meadows waft the perfume of new mown hay. Many of\\nher farmers, have of late years, turned their attention to the im-\\nprovement of stock, more especially cattle and hogs, until now\\nfine cows browse upon the hills, and fat hogs are brouglit to the\\nlarder. Little attention has been paid to sheep raising, and the\\npeople would hold that man worthy of honor who could instill\\ninto our Legislature the necessity of a dog law; then, in all\\nprobability, sheep-husbandry would become an important indus-\\ntry. We would mention, in this connection, that the native woods\\nof Catawba are valuable, abounding in the ditterent varieties of\\nOak, Pine, Hickory, Ash, Maple, c., c., last though not least,\\nBlack Walnut, to say nothing of other rare varieties. We learn of\\na broad acreage on the South foi k of the Catawba river, covered\\nby an immense cane-brake, in which stands millions of feet of\\nblack walnut. This of itself, is a fortune to the man who would\\ncull it from its apparently impenetrable morass.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "N0RT1!-M KSTiORV NOUTH CAROLINA. 65\\nLeaving tlu; surface, and looking deeper, we find in this county\\nsuch liiddcn i^tovos of wealth, ns had not been dreamed of until\\nProf. John T. Humphreys, of Virginia, late Naturalist and Ento-\\nmologist to the State Department of Agriculture of Georgia, a man\\nof learning and e.Ktensivc research in tliis particular branch of\\nscience, after spending some months in this county, opened up the\\nfact that it had much mineral wealth. We are indebted to him\\nfor the following .sketch of the Mineral resources of Catawba\\nCounty\\nAn imaginary line, running duo East and West from ocean to\\nocean, and passing through Hickory, plainly indicates the extreme\\nSouthern limit of the Arctic fauna and flora, and the e.xtreme\\nNorthern limit of the Tropical fauna and flora. Tiie variation and\\ninter-variation, tiierefore of genera and species in this portion of\\nthe Kingdom of Nature are of an exceedingly interesting charac-\\nter. The minerals found in this county partake of the same an-\\nomalous nature as the plants and insects.\\nStrata of the oldest Azoic rocks yet known to science, are found\\nin this county, and, inter ulended with tiiem, we discover abundant\\nevidences of a later period, the upper Silurian and the lower De-\\nvonian. In ether words, there is a series of crystalline-igneous\\nrocks mingled witli those of a sedimentary character, such as\\nlimestone and sandstone.\\nFor building purposes, we enumerate Gneiss, Syenite, Felds-\\npathic Granite, Sandstone (pseudo), Limestone and a good quality\\nof Clay. Also a tolerable Marble.\\nFor pottery, pipes, .C., Kaoline, of different colors.\\nT/ic Ores are Native Gold, The Sulpliurets of Gold, Limonite and\\nii ematite (Iron), The Sulphurets (Iron), The Sulphurets of Copper.\\nMinei-ah in General. Mica, Asbestos, Beryl, (green, blue and yel-\\nlow), Tourmaline, (black), Quartz Crysials of every variety, reni-\\nform, nodular, botryoidal, mammillary, globular, amygdaloidale,\\ndendritic, dursey and acicular, Titanite, Rutile, Garnets, (iron),\\nLiquid bearing Quartz Crystals, Amethyst, Smokey or Cairngown,\\nFeldspar, Siderite, Graphite.\\nA thorough geoligical survey of this county would add largely\\nto its wealth.\\nPassing on the wonderful resources of water power in thi:; coun-\\nty, it presents a broad field for the profitable investment of capital,\\nfor its location being easily accessible to all the sources from\\nwhence material for manufacturing may bo obtained in, and ad-\\njacent to the county, its water power tleserves special mention.\\nThe Catawba river, not less beautiful in its flow than in the sweet\\nsounding of its Indian name, rushes on towards the sea with a\\nforce (we quote from Prof. Kerr s Report to the Legislature of\\n1875) equal to 245 horse power to the foot of fall. Along the line of\\nthis river are many valuable manufacturing seats, prominent\\namong which are the Horse Ford Falls three miles north of\\nHickory, where the fall is said to be 24 feet. It is hoped that ere\\nlong this great native power may be utilized to its fullest extent,\\nwhen the buzz of the cotton spindle, and the crash of the loom,\\nmingled with others of the wheels of industry may keep time\\nto the march of progress in the Old North State. To the South\\nof Hickory, on the South Fork of the Catawba, are a number of", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "66 (JLlDi; BOOK ov\\nshoals tliese though smaller in extent than some on tlie main\\nstream, are nevertheless such elements of force, that were they\\nutilized, would drive all the machinery that could be erected upon\\nits bank all these are easily accessible by railroad, as|Hickory is sit-\\nuated about midway between the rivers, and as soon as the con-\\nnecting link of the Chester Lenoir N. G H. It., or that of the\\nCarolina Central R. R. shall open up to Hickory, a Southern out-\\nlet, the value of all her surrounding resources will bo much en-\\nhanced. At the Horse Ford Falls, one of the best Flouring Mills\\nof the country is situated to this has recently been added bj\\nMessrs. Ramsour Bonniwell, machinery for the manufacture of\\nWagons, Hubs, Spokes and other wood work, which will doubtless\\nbecome a lucrative business. Adjacent thereto, on Horse Ford\\nCreek, are the excellent Flouring Mills of A. L. Shuford, Esq.,\\nwhose fine quality of flour cateis to the apjietites of many of the\\nbest families in the State and so throughout the entire county\\nthe small streams, which are numerous, are being utilized in the\\nmanufacture of flour, lumber or other commodities. Near the\\nvillage of Catawba is quite a manufacturing interest. Granite\\nishoal Cotton Mills, on the Catawba river, runs 1,20(1 spindles,\\nmaking four tons of carpet warp per week, for the Northern mark-\\nets. Long Island Mills, a little above, on the river, runs 1,000\\nspindles, and 24 looms, turning off 800 yards of 4-4 sheeting and\\n200 lbs. cotton Yarn per day. These Mills consume 1 ,000 bales\\ncotton annually, mostly of local production, employing 50 girls\\nand 20 men. Just above the Long Island Mills, is a valuable\\npower known as IJutt alo Shoal, wliere Daniel Moore has a Saw\\nMill, and here we will remark that this lumber industry is consid-\\nerable in the county. On opposite side of the river from Daniel\\nMoore s Saw Mill, Messrs. VVilhelm Wagoner have Flouring and\\nSaw Mills, driven by water from the same shoal, thus showing that\\nits power is considerable. On Bald s Creek, and near its mouth,\\nfour miles east of the village of Catawba, are situated Catawba\\nValley Iron Works, where lies an inexhaustible bed of Haema-\\ntite Ore: and two blooming fires, with machinery capable of turn-\\ning ort 1,000 lbs. of moulds and bar iron per day. The Shuford\\nGold Mine, four miles South of Catawba village, fiom which\\n$70,000 worth of the precious metals have been taken, still con-\\ntains, it is said, thousands of tons of ore that would remunerate\\noperators with machinery adapted to gold extraction. Near by are\\nthe Lime Beds of CatawV)a, which will become valuable, for both\\nbuilding and agricultural purposes, move especially tlie latter,\\nwhen the people learn the value of lime as a fertilizer.\\nThe tanning business is another important industry of the coun-\\nty, though no very extensive tanneries are carried on, yet there\\nare a number in the county, the most important of which is that\\nof Messrs. Seagle, Clapp Finger, Newton, N. C using a ten\\nhorse power engine and machinery. They send to the Northern\\nmarkets considerable (iuantities of leather in the rough.\\nDistilling is engaged in to a limited extent. Vet these people\\nare sober and law-abiding, and iear not the trca l of the oft dread-\\ned revenue otiicer.\\nIll climate, Catawba County, with its surroundings, has been\\nvailed the Switzerland of America. I he air i s:ilubrious an l", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "NORTU-WKSTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 67\\nbalmy, being near the foot of tlie Blue Kidge, the mountain breez-\\nes drive back to their native bogs, the malarias of the East. The\\ngrand old mountains of North Carolina may be seen in the dis-\\ntance, towering above the table lands in magnificent array.\\nThe healing waters of Catawba White Sulphur Springs, seven\\nmiles distant from Hickory, on a beautiful drive, have many at-\\ntractions for health or pleasure seekers. Nature has been lavish\\nof her charms around these Springs, whilst the proprietor. Dr. E.\\nO. Elliott has improved it to the extent of accommodating 500 or\\nmore guests. Its waters are White Sulphur, Blue Sulphur and\\nChalybeate, with an elegant Free .Stone Spring. Other watering\\nplaces of less note, but possibly of great medicinal virtue, are eas-\\nily accessible from Hickory, in fact within its corporate limits is\\nan excellent Chalybeate Spring, which is a i)opular resort in Sum-\\nmer.\\nMuch more might be said of the county at large, filled as it is\\nwith objects of general interest, and it is hoped that other pens\\nthan ours will take up the subject and aid in placing Catawba\\nwhere she rightfully belongs, in the front rank of importance\\namong many other noble counties of North Carolina.\\nBURKE COfXTV.\\nBurke County Avas formed in 1777, from liowan County, and\\nnamed in compliment to the celebrated English statesman and\\norator, Edmund Burke.\\nIt is located in the Northwestern part of the State, and bounded\\non the North by the counties of Mitchell and Caldwell, East by\\nCatawba, South by Cleavelaiid and Ilutherford, and West by\\nMcDowell.\\nMorganton is the capital, and named after (fen. Daniel ]\\\\Iorgan.\\nIt is a pleasant, ancient looking town, containing several neat\\nchurches, and two good hotels, with a number of creditable\\nmercantile establishments, and handsome private residences. Pop-\\nulation, 1,000. It is very healthy, being about 1,100 feet above\\nsea level. Among its citizens will be found descendants of men\\nwhose names stand high on the list of Carolina s patriot sons.\\nThe town is surrounded by mountains, just distant enough to\\nlend enchantment to the view. To the South and South-west\\nthe South Mountains appear, running in a Northwardly lirection,\\nand losing themselves in small spurs and ridges. Far distant, in the\\nWest, we behold the Blue Ridge and its spurs, and a ))ortion of\\nthe Black Mountains, while almost beneath us Einvillc Moun-\\ntain extends its snake-like arm, far down, until its course is\\nstopped by the Catawba. Nearer still we behold the grand old\\nTable liock and Hawk s Bill. Few, very few, there are, who will\\nnot agree that this is an enchanting view, and that a few days can\\n1)6 very agreeably and profitably spent in this vestiluile of the\\nMountains.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "68 GUIDE JJOOK Of\\nA Mineral Sjiring is a few miles distant, and lias l. eon a place of\\nconsideraV)lp resort from neighboring counties.\\nThe justly celebrated I.inville River and Falls can be easily\\nreached from this point. The following description may be found\\ninteresting\\nWe now came to a very steep ascent, obliging us to dismount\\nand lead some distatice. Arriving ui\u00c2\u00bbon the ridge we again mount-\\ned our nogs and proceeded along the top of the mountain, soon\\narriving at the noted tree where four counties corner. We rode\\naround tlie tree, passing through tlie counties of Burke, Watau-\\nga, Yancey and McDowell. We now commenced descending,\\nrapidly approaching Linville River, where we left the horses, and\\nprepared to cros^s the stream, the roar of falls breaking upon our\\nears. We were obliged to move along the water s edge, over\\nsmooth, wet stones, threatening a ducking at every step, until\\nwe were enabled to force our way up the steep bank, through the\\nstubborn laurel thickets, finding a bleak spot, covered with a\\nlaurel brake. There is a singular feature in tlie landscape just\\nhere: On the o) posite side of the stream, noble trees reach the\\nwatei s edge, while on tlie side we were on, nothing but stunted\\ntimber appears. After proceeding a short distance we descended\\na sort of natural steps.- and walked out upon a rocky bluff, over-\\nlooking the several falls. The scene was grand beyond description,\\nand it is folly to attempt a delineation of the wild fanciful freaks\\nthat nature assumes. Above the falls the river is comparatively\\nsmooth, but soon becomes ruffled by rapids, until it dashes unin-\\nterruptedly over h huge rock, about 20 feet high, extending across\\nfrom bank to bank, and continues to fret along, falling three dif-\\nferent times, as it boils and surges in its serpentine course. Our\\nguide had meanwhile descended the rock upon which we stood,\\nand crossing a log ascended another and liigher mass of granite,\\ncalling upon us to follow. At first we were disposed to be satisfied\\nwith our position, but he insisted tliat we saw nothing where we\\nwere, and re-crossing the frail log bridge, bade us come and see the\\ngrandest sight of all. We followed the guide, not however without\\nsome misgiving!*, as thf log lay across the stream where it was per-\\nhaps the most fearful in its mad career, and just above its last and\\nmost magnificent tumble. As we ascended the opposite ledge, a\\nsight greeted our enraptured vision, causing us to forget all the\\ndifficulties in the enjoyment of this magnificent display of nature s\\ngrand and gigantic works. In the shadow of such magnificent\\nand terrible forms, man seems but a plaything of a moment, to be\\nblown away with the first breath, and persons unaccustomed to\\nscenes of this kind cannot at the first glance, get an adequate im-\\npression of the magnitude of the scenes around them. Every-\\nthing is on such a gigantic scale that the real and individual great-\\nness of the objects are lost sight of. As we thus stood gazing upon\\nthe course of this greatest of all the elements, rushing along in its\\nrock-bound bed, and forcing a passage for itself through the hard,\\ngray rock, we could not help contrasting this scene with the bab-\\nbling brook as it flow5 peacefully through the meadow land, or\\ncourses aloncr in the leafy wood, throwing itself into miniature cas-\\ncades and then rippling over its pebbly bed, singing merrily as it\\nglides on, cooJng tlio fevered brow of man and cheering the wood-", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "NORTH-W KSTtRX NORTH CAROLINA. 69\\nland bird as it laves its downy plumage in its bright water. Here\\nthe ecene was (handled, the babbling brook had become a reckless\\ntorrent, bursting asunder the very rock in its mad career, and\\nthrowing huge timbers in wild confusion on its rocky banks.\\nWo seated ourselves, looking down some forty feet where the\\ntroubled waters made their descent over the last and highest fail,\\nsaid to be near 100 feet, finding repose in an immense pool, easily\\nimagined to be boltomle?s, from which arose continually a thin\\nmist. As we gazed down the stream, we saw it again assume a\\nsmooth surface, while its waters on either side wore hemmed in by\\nhuge palisades of gray granite, which continue for miles down the\\nriver, at one place nearly closing over it, so that one might leap\\nfrom one side to the other. These Chimneys, (for it seems all\\nhigh ledges of rock must necessarily be called by that euphonious\\ntitle,) rise several hundred feet, to an isolated column of fully one\\nthousand feet high, and it were an easy matter to imagine it a\\nmonument erected by nature, to celebrate her own creative power.\\nThe Western Insane Asylum is located at Morganton. The\\nbuildings are now in course of construction.\\nThe Burke Blade, a lively newspaper, is published here.\\nChurches hi the County. Jlethodist, 17; Baptist, 15; Presbyte-\\nrian, 3; Episcopal, 1.\\nCollef/cs. The Rutherford College was fir it commenced by its\\npresent and only President, Rev. R. L. Abernethy, in the year\\n1854 and was chartered by the Legislature of N. C, under the\\ntitle of Rutherford Academy in 1858. In 1861, the Charter\\nwas so changed as to give the Institution the legal right to grad-\\nuate and confer degrees, under the title of the Rutherford Sem-\\ninary. In 1809-70, the Seminary was made a College proper by\\nLegislative enactment. Since that time the Institution has been\\noperating under this regime. It is located near Icard Station,\\nWestern N. C. Railroad, in a community as remarkable for its\\nmorality and piety as it is noted for its healthfulncss. Daring its\\nexistence of niyieiecn years, averaging annually from 100 to 200\\nstudents, there has not a death occurred in the school from local\\ndisease and during the same period of time, there have been\\nJifteen revivals of religion in the school. Excelsior, a pleasant\\nlittle village, is growing up around the College. It is a Male College,\\nwith a Female Department for all who desire to avail themselves of\\nthe high order of development to be attained only when the sexes\\nare educated together.\\nThe government of this school is wholly parental. The strictest\\nlaws are enforced by motives of love and honor. The design of\\nthe government is not so much to control the student, .is to teach\\nthem how to control themselves.\\nThere are three Literary Societies in the College. These meet\\nand exercise once in each week.\\nThe scholastic year is divided into two ternis of 120 weeks each.\\nThe first term commences on First Wednesday of August and\\nthe second term on First Wednesday of January, in each year.\\nStudents can enter at any time and pay from liate of entrances\\nto close of term.\\n.SW.oo/.^\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White, 47 Colored, 4.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "70 GUIDE BOOK OK\\nTimber. Oak, V iuq, Walnut, White Pine. Hickory, T .iich, Ash,\\nc., c.\\nMills. Grain, 75; Sair, 53, Carding Machines, Z. Tanneries,\\n20. Potteries, 1.\\nMineral. Phimbago, Mica, Iron.\\niStoyics. Granite, Sandstone, Soapstone and Millstone.\\nSurface. Mountainous and hilly.\\nProducts. Corn, Wheat, Rye, Oats, Potatoes, Hay, Sorghum and\\nBuckwheat.\\nFruit. Apples, Grapes, Pears, Peaches and Plums.\\nTo .vTis. Morganton, Excelsior, Bridgevvater and Icard.\\nPopulation of a.M7)(v.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White, 7,463 Colored, 2,314. Total, 9,777.\\nFreednien work well under overseers. Wages from $5 to $8 per\\nmonth. Croppinij on shares is also prevalent.\\nPrices of lands average from $5 to .$10 per acre.\\nWITCHKLL COUNTY.\\nMitchell County is bounded on the North by Watauga, South by\\nYancey, East by Burke and Caldwell, West by Tennessee line.\\nIts surface is mountainous and hilly, and in every respect re-\\nsembles its neighbor Watausa.\\nCAMrc/(c.5.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Baptist. 21 Methodist, 7 Dunkers, 1.\\nSc/(oo/5.- White, 36; Colored, 2.\\nToitvw.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bakersville, (C. H.) Population, 500.\\nTimber. Poplar, Oak, Chestnut, Walnut.\\nMills. Grain, 32 Saw, 16. Iron Foundries, 2. Tanneries, 5.\\nMiyierals.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 iiimWa.r to Watauga and Buncombe.\\niStones. Granite, Soapstone and Millstone.\\nProducts. Corn, Wheat, Oats, Rye, Flax, Buckwheat, c.\\nFruits. Apples, Grapes.\\nPopidatioii of County. White, 4,472 Colored, 233. Total, 4,705.\\nALEXANDER COUNTV.\\nWas erected in 1S47, formed from Iredell, Caldwell and Wilkes\\nCounties.\\nIt is bounded on the North by Wilkes, on the East by Davie, on\\nthe South by Iredell, and on the West by Caldwell County. Its\\ncapital is Taylorsville.\\nThe name of Alexander is familiar in North Carolina, and dis-\\ntinguished.\\nNathaniel Alexander, of Mecklenburg, was Governor of the\\nState in 1805.\\nAbraham Alexander was chairman of the Convention at Char\\nlotte, in May, 1775, that declared Independence.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTEKN NOKTH CAKOl.lXA. 71\\nIts capital jiresorves tlie name of John Louis Taylor, who wrs\\nlong a judge of our courts, distinguishod for his learning, integrity\\nand kindness of disposition. Its distance from Kaleigh, 150 miles.\\nCA? r -Ac. Baptist, If); Methodist, 11; Presbyterian, 3; Luth-\\neran, 2.\\nTowns. Taylorsville. Population, 200. Seat of York Institute.\\nThis institution enjoys a good reputation.\\nPrincipal Timbers. Same as in Wilkes.\\nMineral Sjyrin//s. 12, Sulphur and Iron.\\nSchools.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White. 48 Colored, 9.\\n.T/;7/,,.._Grain, 30 Saw, 20; 1 Cotton Mill. ;J00 spindles. 2\\nWool Carding Machines. 1 Foundry. 8 Tanneries.\\niSoil. Mixed, red and light sandy.\\nMinerals. Iron, Gold, Mica, Copper and Plumbago.\\ntSt07ies. Granite and Soapstone abound. Some Millstone.\\nSurface. Hilly.\\nProducts. Corn, Wheat, Oats and Potatoes.\\nFruits. All kinds.\\nPopulation of C ovvty.\u00e2\u0080\u0094Whhe, 6,Q34 Colored, 834. Total, 6,868.\\nIREDELL COUNTV.\\nThis county, nameil after Governor Iredell, and formed in\\n1788, bounded by Mecklenburg on the South, East by Rowan,\\nWest by Catawba river, North by Wilkes, is about 40 milos in\\nlength, 24 in width, the soil, climate and topography being well\\nadapted to agriculture. The early inhabitants were chieHy Scotch-\\nIrish and Pennsylvania Germans, who brought with them their\\nlove of independence, industry, churches, schools and moral prin-\\nciples hence the elevated status of their descendants as friends\\nof law, order, education and religious training for which they are\\nunsurpassed. The soil varies from medium to very productive\\nand is adapted to wheat, corn, cotton, tobacco, oats, rye, millet,\\nclover, lucerne, irish and sweet potatoes, cabbage, turnips, all the\\ngrasses, peas, apples, peaches and other fruits, grapes, garden veg-\\netables, c. All of these, with proper cultivation, grow vigorously.\\nHorses, beef-cattle, sheep, hogs, poultry of all kinds, are suc-\\ncessfully and easily raised, at small cost, by farmers, for which fiiir\\nprices are realized near home.\\nThe land has a clay subsoil, much of it with a sandy loam, and\\neasily cultivated. Streams in this county are numerous, operating\\nseveral cotton factories, mills and other machinery, while some of\\nthem abound with a generous supply of fish, Valuable timber\\nabounds in the forests, of different varieties, and lumber is plenti-\\nful and cheap for building purposes. The water afforded by\\nsprings and wells, is pure, cool and healthful the climate unsur-\\npassed. Churches for various denominatians and schools, are nu-\\nmerous. Land is plentiful and cheap, and can be readily obtained", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "72 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nin quantities to suit purchasers, by individuals or colonies. There\\nare several Mineral Springs of repute, in this county, one of which\\nis the celebrated Eupeptic sulphur andiron famous for re-\\nmarkable cures of many diseases.\\nStatc^rcille, at the junction of the A. T. 0. Railroad, with the\\nW. N. C. Railroad, is the county-seat, the intention being to extend\\nthe former road to Danville, Va., for which there is a chartor,\\nand the line surveyed. The town has at present a population of\\nof about 2.000 inhabitants. 25 or more business houses and stores,\\none of which is the lar :est in the State, perhaps, doing business a\\nlittle short of half million dollars a year no town in the West\\nhaving better business prospects. Within the past four years, the\\ntrade in loaf and plug tobacco, here, has become .an important\\nfactor, for the cultivation of the liner qualities of which the soil is\\nwell .idapted, and in the near future, the Statesville Tobacco\\nMarket will vie with any in the State in extent, as it now does\\nin liberal prices paid for the leaf. Besides plug, the best of\\nsmoking tobacco is manufactured at this place.\\nThe Simonton Female College, in charge of Mrs. E. N. Grant\\nand Miss Margaret Mitchell, daughters of the late Prof. Elisha\\nMitchell, of Chapel Hill, with their able assi-^tants, located here, is\\nan imposing edifice, admirably adapted, and conceded to be one\\nof the best institutions of learning in the South as also, a High\\nSchool for boys, in charge of Frof. J. Henry Hill and family.\\nPresbyterians, Methodists, Reformed Presbyterians, Episcopa-\\nlians, have commodious church edifices, and the Baptists are\\nengaged in erecting one. Statesville occupies an elevated position,\\nin full view of mountain ranges on the north, aftording a charm-\\ning prospective landscape, with the Pilot, Grandfather,\\nc., in the distance. Tlie stores are chiefly of brick and large,\\nresidences commodious in much taste two newspapers, American\\nand Landmark; two pul)lic halls; two well conducted hotels;\\nInternal Revenue Office for the 6th District; Federal Court; two\\ntobacco saleshouses, a number of plug tobacco manufactories, one\\nof smoking tobacco several Tanneries, with other industries.\\nThe healtlifulness of Statesville is proverbial no heavy dews and\\ndense fogs in autumn no extreme cold for any length of time in\\nwinter, nor heat in summer consequently it is much frequented\\nin both seasons, by Northerners and Southerners, the former pre-\\nferring this locality to Florida.\\nIn this county there are several growing towns, as Mooresville,\\nMount Mourne, Olin, Turnersburg, tfec. The people are proverbial\\nfor hospitality, social feelings, and desire the incoming of settlers\\namong them, to whom a r^ady welcome will ever be extended.\\nNo county in the State has better railro.ad facilities, competing\\nlines centre at Statesville, which secures low rates to all parts of\\nthe country.\\n.l- -Yi Grain 20. Saw 32 I Foundry, i) Tanneries.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTU CAROLINA. 73\\nYADKIN COUNTY.\\nThis county was formod in 1850- 51 from the southern portion\\nof Surry, and derives its name from the river which runs through\\nit. It is bounded on the North by Surry, East by Forsyth, South\\nby Davie and Alexander, and West by Wilkes,\\nIts capital is Yadkinvillc. The other villa/?es are settlements of\\nfarmers, as follows Huntsville, East Bend, Mt. Nebo, Booneville,\\nJonesville and Hamptonville.\\nThe lands are fertile, and the river bottoms inexhaustible. Much\\nattention is given to distilling, and the Yadkin Whisky is\\nnoted all over the State, especially such brands as Jld Nick.\\nJudge Pearson s Law School, at Richmond llill, was a well known\\nschool, but since the death of the Chief Justice, in January last,\\nhas ceased.\\nMany prominent fiimilies are living in this section, having fine\\nplantations, among whom are the Williams family, whose ances-\\ntors were among the early pioneers of Western North Carolina,\\nand whose descendants were known in our State and National\\nLegislative Halls, as well as the Puryears, Clingmans, Cowles,\\nDodge, Jairatts, Hunts, and others who are also well known and\\nhonored, having served in the State Legislature and National Con-\\ngrevss.-\\nGood lands can be bought at from $7 lo \u00c2\u00a710 per acre. Men s\\nwages about ;?9 per month. Considerable vacant land. Immigra-\\ntion wanted.\\nChurches.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Jiaptht, 12; Methodist, 10; Lutheran, 2.\\nSchools. Not correctly rejiorted at 4 white.\\nIjodgc^. Masonic, 3.\\nTimber. Hickory, Poplar, W^alnut, Ash, Oak.\\nMiils. Grain, 23 Saw, 4 1 Carding Mill. 2 Tanneries.\\nMineral. Prii)cipally Iron. Known as Ilobson s Ore Bank,\\nnow owned by Mr. Poulson, of Philadelphia,\\nI roducLs. Corn, Wheat, Rye, Oats and Tobacco.\\nFruiti. Apples, Peaches, Pears, Plums and Berries.\\nFopidation.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White, 9,253; Colored, 1,444. Total, 10,097.\\nWe failed to receive a sketch of this county, and were com-\\npelled to take, such material as we had at hand.\\nDAVIE COUNTV,\\nThis county was formed from Rowan in 1830, and named in\\nhonor of Gen. Wm. R. Davie. It is located in the North-Western\\npart of the State, and bounded on the North by Yadkin County,\\nE;iat by the Yadkin River, which separates it from Davidson\\nCounty, South by Rowan, and West by Alexander and Iredell\\ncounties.\\nIts capital is Mocksville, and distant about 120 miles West of\\nT?aleigh. Population, C(X).", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "74 GUIDE BOOK OK\\nThe lands are well adapted to Wheat, Corn, Kye, Oats, Tobacco.\\nIts fine boftoiiis are considered among the richest in this section.\\nTobacco, Corn and Wheat are extensively cultivated, and with\\ngreat success. Tobacco yields about 800 lbs. to the acre. A good\\nclass of immigrants desired. Lands can be bought from $6 to $8\\nper acre. Prices of labor about $8 per month.\\nChurches. Methodist, 26; Baptist, 5; Presbyterian, 3 Lutheran,\\n2; German Reformed, 1 Campbellite, 1.\\nSchooh.\u00e2\u0080\u0094WKiie, 12.\\nLodges. Masonic, 3.\\nMills. Grain, 22 Saw, 19. Potteries, 1. Tanneries, 7.\\nSurface. Uudulating. Soil sandy. Clay subsoil.\\nStones. Granite, Soapstone, Sandstone, Millstone.\\nFruits. Apples, Peaches, Pears, Quince, Cherries, Plums.\\nTovms. Mocksville, (C. H.) Jerusalem, Fulton, .Shady Grove,\\nSmith Grove, Farmington, Calahan, County Line.\\nPopulation of Cbun^y.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White, 6,527 Colored, 3,093. Totfll, 9,620.\\nNo rejwrt hence this meagre statement.\\nDAVIDSON COUNTV.\\nDavidson County was formed in 1822 from Rowan, and named\\ncomplimentary to General William Davidson, who fell at the pas-\\nsage of the Catawba, at Cowan s Ford, February 1st, 1781, towards\\nthe close of the Revolutionary War.\\nIt is bounded on the North by Forsyth, East by Guilford and\\nRandolph, South by the Yadkin, separating it from Stanly and\\nRowan, and West by Davie.\\nIn the make up of its inhabitants, Davidson can claim as many\\nwhose ancestors represented as many of the nations of Europe as\\nany other County in North Carolina. The prudence of the German,\\nthe sagacity of the Scotch, and the fiery ardor of the Irish being\\nunited in this people, make them industrious and thrifty, so that\\nthey have been called the freest of the free.\\nLexington^ its capital, is a pleasant town of about 800 inhabitants.\\nThere is quite a good mercantile business done here by Messrs.\\nR. S. Adderton, T. S. Welfare Co., C. A. Hunt Co. Wallenstein\\nLevy, R. T. Earnhart, C. F. Lowe, B. Nooe, Hinckle Welfare,\\nand John Langdon. Groceries and Shoes, Finch k Co. and A. D.\\nClodfelter. Drugs, D. C. Graver. Furniture, J. W. McRary and\\nFord Hunt. Confectioner, A. M. Rhyme. Agricultural Imple-\\nments, L. C. Hanes Son. Grain, Flour and Meal, H. Horner.\\nMrs. M. P. Humphries, Millinery. Liquors and Groceries, W. A.\\nBerrier. Physicians, Drs. Hill, Payne and Dusenbury. Schools:\\nTwo private schools, taught by Miss Jennie Payne and Miss Laura\\nClement. Churches, three 1 Episcopal, no resident rector 1\\nPresbyterian, Rev. R. Martin, pastor I Methodist. Rev. T. S.\\nCampbell, pastor. Hotel and Boarding Houses, J. S. Sowers,", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTKRN .\\\\UKTH (.AKOMXA. 75\\nHotel; Mrs. March, boarding houso both good houses. The Da-\\nvidson Ju-con-/^ by C. H. Bruner, is published here: it is a sprightly\\nsheet.\\nThe following extracts from a letter published in the Record,\\ngives a good idea of the agricultural portions of the county\\nAs to farming land, we have it in great abundance, and that\\nof the best quality. The land is well timbered with pine, oak,\\nhickory, ash, and, in fact, with all the best of wood. The soil is\\nvery productive, yielding well of almost all kinds of products, the\\nchief of which, however, are wheat, corn, cotton and tobacco, in\\nthe order in which they are named. Potatoes, cabbage, and mos^t\\nany other vegetable you can mention (outside of the tropics) are\\nraised more or less. We have the greatest abundance of the\\nchoicest and most delicious fruits the peach from early June to\\nNovember, from the Amsden and Chinese cling to the Green\\nButton apples early and late, from the June, Limbertwig and\\nMagnum Bonum to the crab. The same may be said of pears,\\ncherries and other non-tropical fruits. I could scarcely exaggerate\\non the fruit question.\\nThe soil of the upper portion of the county is light and whitish,\\njust the perfection of tobacco land. In the lower portion it is a\\ndark clay, and that section is known as the celebrated Jersey\\nSettlement. This is the great cotton producing section. The\\nsoil is easily improved by fertilizers, and retains it well. Lands\\nare very cheap just now, varying in price, according to quality,\\nfrom ?2.00 (or even less) to $10.00 and $15.00 per acre. Good land\\ncan bo bought for $8.00. There are splendid meadows in the\\ncounty with herds, blue top and other grasses.\\nClover, timothy, orchard and blue grass and millet grow well\\nhere. Clover is sown more extensively than any of the others\\nnamed, but that is not grown as extensively and generally, by any\\nmeans, as it ought to be.\\nA correspondent of the Kaleigh Oh- icn-cr says of the mineral\\nresources\\nDavidson has some as rich mines, probably, as any other county\\nalong the line of the N. C. Railroad. The Wilborn Mine, eight\\nmiles from Lexington, and three from Linwood, on the N. C.\\nRailroad, has three shafts opened, seventy to one hundred feet,\\nwith all steam power necessary for working. The number of hands\\nemployed is fifty the products of this mine are gold and silver\\nit is owned and opened by J. H. Welborn Co. The .Silver Hill\\nand other mines have been opened, but are at present suspended.\\nThese are all of the same belt as Gold Hill, and very much of the\\nsame character of ores. The mineral interests, it will be seen,\\nhave only been partially developed, but where they have been, have\\nproved remunerative. The ICureka, at Thomasville, is rich and\\nit is paying well it is worked by a North Carolina Company.\\nThere are others, which, if the owners had the capital to operate\\nthem, would pay well. Mr. A. C. Hege, of Lexington, very kindly\\ninvited me to his house, to examine his specimens. He has three\\nlarge cases of rich, beautiful specimens of gold, silver, lead, copper,\\nand zinc: they were taken from Silver Hill, or Washington Mine,\\nby Roswell A. Ring. This mine was discovered in \\\\KM and while\\nit was worked, proved very valuable. The gold specimens were", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "76 OUIDE BOOK OF\\nfrom the Conrad mine. The silver and load are very pure, and\\nBome of the most rare formations I ever saw. 8ome enterprising\\ncapitalists would strike a bargain in these mines.\\nThoniiUh-Ulc is a tliriving town of 600 inhabitants, on the N, C.\\nRaihoad. It is a place of considerable trade.\\nLincg d: Co. s Thomasville shoes are well known all over the\\nSouth. There are several other factories in town, all having a\\nfair reputation.\\nThomasville Female School Prof. Rhinehart, Principal is in a\\nflouri;:hing condition. It is under the auspices of the Baptist\\ndenomination, and is an excellent institution of learning.\\nClcmmonn-illc is a thriving village of 250 inhabitants, eleven miles\\nfrom Salem. Citizens mostly farmers. Two Churches, Methodist\\nan l Baptist; 2 stores. Physician, Dr. James Griffith. The Tannery\\nof Messrs. Strupe Son is quite extensive and has a reputation for\\nmaking first class leather.\\nProf. S. S. Jones conducts a good school.\\nClemmonsville is within two and a half miles of the Yadkin\\nRiver.\\nYadkin ColUye ha.s a good reputation and secures a full share of\\npatroniige from Davidson and neighboring counties.\\nBaiidson High iSchool is located at Teaguetown, Abbotc s Crc-ck Post\\nOffice, and enjoys a fair patronage.\\nTcaguctcnini is a place of some importance. Several Wagon\\nFactories here. Also at Union Cross.\\nBethany High tSchool, near Midway, was in a flourishing condition\\nuntil this Spring (April, I87S) when it was destroyed by fire. It\\nwill be rebuilt during the summer.\\nThe other villages are Ll.mvocd, Jackson Hill and Cotton Grove.\\nArcadia is a county Post Office of considerable importance, having\\nan Iron Foundry, Plough, Feed Cutter, and Threshing Machine\\nManufactories.\\nMiller s Fonndry and Agricultural Implement Shops are of con-\\nsiderable importance.\\nC^M/r/(r.?.~ Baptist 9, Lutheran 8, Methodist 7, Gorman Reformed\\n2, Presbyterian 2, Episcopal 1, Quaker 1.\\nPublic Schools. White G, colored 1.\\nTimber. Oak, Hickory and Pine, c., c.\\nJM.?.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Grain IG. Saw 20; Carding Machines 2, Carriage Shops\\n3, Tanneries 5.\\nSoil.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Red, Black, Gray.\\nMinerals. -Iron, Copper, Silver, Gold.\\nProducts. Cotton, Tobacco, Sorghum. All the cereals.\\nConsiderable attentioin has been paid to Grapes and Wine\\nMaking.\\nPopulati m.\u00e2\u0080\u0094^\\\\ h\\\\tc 1.3,8GS, colored 3,54G. Total 17,414.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "NORTir-W^KSTERX NORTH CAKOMNA.\\nROWAN COl NTV,\\nThough not sUictly belonging to the North Western portion of\\nNorth Corolina, we give her a brief ,\u00c2\u00abpace in our book.\\nRowan County was formed in 1753 from Anson county. Until\\nSurry (in 1770) and Burke (in 1777) were taken off, thi,-* county\\ncomprehended most of the western part of North C arolina and\\nTennessee. The history of Rowan, then, is the history of Western\\nCarolina.\\nRowan is situated in the western part of the State bounded on\\nthe north by Davie county, one of her daughters east by the\\nYadkin river, which separates her from Davidson (another\\ndaughter) south by Stanly, and Cabarrus and west by Iredell,\\nanother daughter.\\nLike a venerable mother, she sits with her children comfortably\\nsettled around her.\\nRowan was early settled (about 1720), by the Protestants from\\nMoravia, fleeing from the persecutions of Ferdinand the Second\\nand by the Scotch, who, after the unsuccessful attempts of Charles\\nEdward, grandson of James the Second, to ascend the English\\nthrone, and whose fortunes were destroyed on the fatal field of\\nCulioden. (lOth of April, 1746,) had flod to this country and by\\nthe Irish, who, after the rebellion of the Earls of Tyrone and\\nTyrconneil, in the times of James the First, were forced to leave\\ntheir country. These, or tiieir ancestors, previously had come\\nfrom Scotland, and hence the term of Scotch Irish.\\nAmong the well known citizens are the Hendersons, Fishers,\\nCraiges, Browns, Caldwells, Lockes, McCoys, Chambers, Beards,\\nYoungs, Barringers, Boydens, Ilamillon Jones, Lords and hosts of\\nother illustrious names, wliich formed a galaxy of intellect seldom\\nfound in one community.\\nThe mining interests have been and are of considerable extent.\\nThe Gold Hill Mine was commenced in September, 1842, on the\\nlands of Andrew Troutman by A. Honeycutt and Culps. Tlie Gold\\nfever raged for many years in this section; with more or less success.\\nHoneycutt became wealthy, realizing upwards of $101,665 up to\\n1851. Since then some of the mines have been abandoned, while\\nnew ones have been discovered.\\nS iHslnmj, her capital, is nearly west from Raleigh one hundred\\nand thirty miles. It derives its name from a town in England\\nabout seventy miles west from London. It is a word of Sa.Kon\\norigin.\\nSalisbury is one of the largest as well as one of the oldest towns\\nin Western North Carolina. Population .,000. It enjoys consid-\\nerable trade.\\nThe Boyden House is one of the best kept hotels in the State.\\nThis is the head of the Western North Carolina Railroad, which\\nnow reaches among the Blue Ridge Mountains of the West.\\nThe oldest church is the Lutheran. The Methodists ha\\\\ e 1,\\nPresbyterians 1, Episcopalians 1. The Catholics say mass at the\\nresidence of the late Col. F^isher.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "78 GUIDE BOUK. OK\\nTliere is a huge Federal Cemetery located her, in whicli is a tine\\nmonument to the Federal dead within the enclosure.\\nDuring the war large numbers of Federal prisoners were con-\\ntlned here.\\nThe old Wall is yet to be seen near town.\\nSalisbury is the home of the distinguislie l novelist, Miss\\nFisher, Christian Reid.\\nTowns. Salisbury, Gold Hill, Jhina Grove, Enochsville, Rowan\\nMills, Franklin.\\nChurches. Methodist 17, Lutheran I H. Presbyterian 10, Baptist 7,\\nEpiscopal 4.\\nSchools. White 76, colored 33.\\nTimber. Oak, Hickory, Ash, AValnut. M:^plc, I oplar, Pine.\\nMills. Grain 17, Saw 9, Carding Machines 4, Tanneries 5.\\nMinerals. Gold, Silver, c.\\nStone. Granite, Soapstone. Sandstone, Millstone.\\nSurface Undulating. Lands good, especially the Yadkiii River\\nbottoms.\\nProducts Corn, Wheat, Oats, Cotton and Tobacco.\\nFruits. Apples, Peaches, Pears and Cherries.\\nPopulation. White ll,r)03, colored 5,3l 7. Total h .,SM.\\nliUJLrOKI) COUMV.\\nGuilford county was erected in the year 1770, from Rowan and\\n)range. It was so called in compliment of Lord North, who in\\n1770 succeeded the Duke of Grafton as First Lord of the Treasury,\\nand Prime Minister. He was heir to the title of (iuilford, and\\neventually succeeded to it as Earl of Guilford.\\nIts situation is west of Raleigh, and the county presents on the\\nmap a beautiful comimct square bounded on the north by Rock-\\ningham, east by Alamance, south by Randolph, and west by\\nForsyth and Davidson counties.\\nIts capital is Grccnsltoro, a most iloiu ishing town, named com-\\npliment of General Nathaniel Greene, a Major-General in the\\nKevolutionary Arm} It is also known as the city of flowers,\\nsituated at the junction of the Richmond Danville and North\\nCarolina Railroads, S 2 miles from Raleigh, and IS Jfrom Richmond,\\nVa. Has a population of 3,500, and enjoys a considerable local\\ntrade. Its two hotels, McAdoo Hotel and Yarborougli House, are\\namong the best in the State, mid its private boarding houses are\\nunsurpassed.\\nOdell, Ragan .t Co. do the largest wholesale an l retail trade,\\nedar Falls and Deep River Cotton Yarns, Sheetings and Holt s\\nPlaids, and F. H. Fries Woolen Goods are specialties with this\\nhouse. Also sell Pdums Farmer s and Planters (Salem) Almanac.\\nChas. 1). Yates, l ookselh r. Also sells Rlnni S dem Almanac.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "NORTIl-VVESTEKX .VORTH CAKOIJNA. 79\\nSash and Blind Factories and Spoke ind Handle Works arc in\\noperation.\\nA considerable Iron Foundry is located here. The Stoves arc\\nfavorably known.\\nMr. Moore carries on a general mercandise establishment. Furs\\na specialty. Shipments very lieavy.\\nMrs. Moore carries on a well known and popular Millinery Store.\\nSeveral fine Drug Stores do a pood business.\\nTwo Banks. 1 National and 1 Private Bank, by Shober\\nWilson.\\nlleadquarters f\u00c2\u00abr Wilson s Sewing Machine for Nortli Carolina.\\nWharton Jones.\\nGreensboro Female College is located hero, and ranks among the\\nbest Schools in the State. Although like all institutions of learn-\\ning, it is aftected by the hard times, (1878) it enjoys a liberal\\npatronage. Tho buildings are large and airy, located in the out-\\nskirts of town, away from the turmoil of business, making it a\\npleasant and quiet retreat for the stu lents. The faculty is able,\\nand it is only necessary to say that Frof. T. M. Jones is its presi-\\ndent, to insure its popularity among the Methodists.\\nThe North Western North Cai-olina Railroad extends to within\\nthree miles of this place, where it uses the North Carolina Road to\\nreach town.\\nThree newspapers are published liere. The Patriot, New North\\niState and Central Protcdant. All good papers\\nA good graded School for boys and girls is in success ful operation.\\nA fine building for a graded colored School is about completed.\\nChurchcji. 1 Methodist, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Baptist, 1 Episcopal and\\n1 Catholic.\\nThe above is made from memory, having failed to receive a\\npromised sketch.\\nNvu) Garden is in the midst of the Quaker settlement. Like all\\nthe surroundings of these thrifty and excellent people, the farms\\nare well cultivated. An annual fair is here every Fall, and is\\nlargely attended. It stimulates a laudable ambition among the\\nfarmers, and hence Cuilford stands with tlie most successful agri-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2ultural counties in the State. Its history is too long for our\\npages, and is well known everywhere.\\nPattlc of (Juilford Court House was fouglit at Martinsville, not\\nfar from here. Marks of blood are still to be seen in the old\\nQuaker Church, wliich was then used as a hospital for sick and\\nwounded.\\nFru d Grou-hui is extensive in this county, the Messrs. Lindley\\nbeing tho oldest Nurserymen in the South. The green fruit ship-\\nment from Greensboro Depot the second in the State, and the\\nlried fruit trade is also very large.\\nWages for farm hands, $S per month. Lands can be purchased\\niov 5.0 per a M e. Tobacco yields about 500 pounds to the acre.\\niu jxhes i the Counts. Methodist 37, Baptist 0, Presbyterian 7,\\nLutheran f), Quaker .O, Episcopal 1, Catholic 1.\\nAW w/.v.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 White 80, colored 40.\\nTbaher Pine, :).k. Hickory, Poplar, c.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "80 fJUIDi; BOOK OF\\nMills. Gi-aiu 52, Saw 2? Foundries 2, Cotton Fartory 1, Furni-\\nture 4, Spoke and Handle Faocory 4, Agricultural Implements 6,\\nPottery 1. Tanneries 10, Carriage and Wagon Manufactories, 8.\\nSoil. Clay, Sand Rocky.\\nMinerals. Iron, Gold, Copper, Mica.\\nHock. Granite, .Sandstone and Soapstone.\\nSurface. Level\\nProducU. Corn, Cotton, Wheat, Oats, Grasses, Rye, J obacco,\\nPeas, Potatoes. In fact all profitable crops.\\nFruits. All the Fruits of the climate.\\nTowris. Iliz/h Point is a place of considerable local trade, quite a\\nsummer resort, and is the R. R. depot of Trinity College. Popu-\\nlation 500. JamcMoien, seat of Oakdale Cotton Mills. Gibsonville,\\nBrown s Summit, Friendship, Oakridge, a fine settlement of\\nfarmers, a good school located here, Summerfield, a good school\\nhere, Westminister.\\nPopulation of County.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 ^NK\\\\[(^ 15,(:.5fi, colored 6,080. Total 21,7;- .6.\\nROCKINGHAM COUNTY.\\nRockingham County was formed from Guilford, in 1785. It de-\\nrives its name from the Marquis of Rockingham, and Wentworth,\\nits capital, is named in honor of the family name of the INIarquis.\\nMany great and noble men who have made history for the State,\\nwere born in this county, Martin. Little, Reid, Scales, and others,\\nwhose deeds are written on the scroll of fame.\\nAmong the benevolent institutions are 6 Masojiic Lodges, 5 Good\\nTemplars and I Odd Fellows.\\nThere are 2 Episcopal, 5 Presbyterian, 17 Methodist and 19 Bap-\\ntist churches.\\nAmong her manufacturing establishments exist 1 Cotton Facto-\\nry, 37 Tobacco Factories, 3 Carding Machines, 38 Grain Mills, 15\\nSaw Mills, 2 Founderies, S Carriage and Wagon Factories.\\nOak, Hickory, Pine, Maple, Walnut, c., grow in the forests.\\nThe Apple, Peach, Pear Plum, c., in the orchards.\\nThe soil is diversified; splendidly adapted to the growth of fan-\\ncy tobacco, small grains and the grasses.\\nThe river Dan divides the county into distinct geological sec-\\ntions. On the North side is the coal region, on the South side the\\ngranitic and gneisoidal formation. The coal region has a soil well\\nadapted to the growth of wheat a.nd clover, being of the red\\nsandstone formation which is noted in Great Britain as the best\\nwheat and grass lands in the kingdom. Strictly fine tobacco lands\\nare generally composed in this county by the disintegration of\\nfine sand stone or talcose schist, while soil formed from the\\nclaystone, horneblend, sh.ilc and trap, suits wheat and clover the\\nbest.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "NORTII-WESTEUN NORTH CAROLINA. 81\\nThe Dan winds its serpentine course throLigh the Northern sec-\\ntion of the county. Who has not heard of the Dan and its hills\\nthat intervene As a young and gifted poet of our State once\\nwrote\\nThis earth is not one garden spot,\\nNor pleasure ground for man\\nFew are the liills that intervene,\\nSuch as the hills of Dan.\\nMorehead, the young poet, who passed away from among his\\nfellows at an early age, is no more. But the beautiful and classical\\nriver remains an emblem of the march of time and of constancy.\\nThe hills oh, the beautiful hills and valleys intervening The\\nbeauties of nature are, fortunately, not confined to a few chosen\\nspots. In every country may be ibund some variety of scenery to\\nenchant the eye and stimulate the imagination. Wherever there\\nis a variety of surface, of forest and field giving forth a multitude\\nof tender hues and graceful outlines wrought by light and shade,\\nby contrasts of land and water, hill, vale and mountain, there are\\nthe beauties of landscape. Nature, in the grouping of her milder\\nand more graceful forms, in the infinite charms of her wild forest\\nfoliage, in the green meadow or complaining brook, has done her\\nwork well amid the hills of Dan. The scenery of the Rhine, so\\njustly celebrated, is not unequalled. The highlands of Scotland,\\nwith its mountains blue are suggested by many a liilly range in\\nour section. The principles on which landscape scenery is judged\\nare the same in every clime, and distance often lends enchantment\\nto the view in more senses than one. Among the hills and woods\\nof our section may be found pictures well worth the pencil of the\\nartist and which may be a joy forever to those unnumbered thou-\\nsands who make no claim to artistic culture. Here was one of the\\nchosen abodes of the red man. No place more alluring could he\\nfind, and he pitched his wigwams here mid the weird solitudes of\\nan endless forest. This prehistoric people have vanished like a\\ncloud in the sky, but they left some tokens of their life behind.\\nLet us study them. From yonder Old Indian Hill we gather beads,\\ntomahawks, arrow-heads and pottery. From the beads we learn\\nhow universal is woman s lovo of personal ornament. The toma-\\nhawks tell how universal is the propensity of men to violence,\\nbloodshed and death. J he arrow-heads, of man s dominion over\\nthe beasts of the field. The pottery, of the simple bliss of domestic\\nfelicity. This is all wo know of their history. We have reason to\\nbelieve more than is told. Let the hills, the streams and the\\nvalleys speak.\\nAs we ascend the river Irom the Virginia line, we soon come\\nupon that jjortion of the county known as The Meadows. Wide\\nextended plains and rolling slopes of fine grass and wheat lands on\\neither hand. Coal has been mined here. A mile below Leaks-\\nTille, after cutting a gash across numerous strata of the old Red\\nSandstone and leaping over the harder, forming a famous water-\\npower, the Smith s River turns the multiplied machinery of the\\nmanufacturing establishments of J. Turner Morehead Co., and\\ndisembogues its pellucid waters into the Dan. Higher uy), on tho\\nfarm of Grief Wade, are the coal mines. Prof. Kerr has examined\\na specimen of copper ore obtained near Easlc Falls and has pro-\\nG", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "82 GCIDE BOOK OF\\nnounced it good. A mile or so higher we come to soil made\\nsacred to memory by the visitation of George Washington to Gov.\\nMartin. The tree is j^ointed out where they often sat in converse,\\nand studied nature and viewed the scenery. Then Mulberry\\nIsland, on whose grassy margin many a time and often the Indian\\nmaid has gambolled and dipped her dimpled hand in the glassy\\nwaters flowing by. We shall not pass by unnoticed the romantic\\nand gloomy spot where Gov. Martin was buried. He was the\\nAchilles of the State, an Epaminondas in the Senate, and the\\nfriend of Washington. The vault is a wreck and his remains are\\nremoved. A few rude stones on that flinty steep mark the resting\\nplace of his companions in death, the rustic poor. It was a grand\\nthought of that highminded old man to wish to sleep his last sleep\\nin quiet simplicity, lulled by the soft, ceaseless music of this beau-\\ntiful stream. Away from the storm and heat of debate away from\\nthe follies and crimes of ambitious men away from the busy scenes\\nof life, its hollow mockeries, and its cheating pihantoms bury me\\naway with the rural people. Let me rest among the most fitting\\nemblems of man s estate. Who will barricade the tide of\\ntime? Who will stop the flow of the river? Let me rest on ^its\\nbanks. The sunshine will darken into clouds, and the clouds will\\nlaugh into sunshine. The calm will gather into a storm, and the\\nstorm will soothe into a calm. The birds will build their nests\\nand the nestlings will fly. Flowers will bloom and flowers will\\nwither. Men will live and men will die. The tributaries will flow\\ninto the Dan and the Dan into the sea. Moments merge into\\ntime and time into eternity.\\nA mile below Madison is the mouth of the Mayo. This river,\\nlike its congener. Smith s river, rises at the foot of the Blue Ridge,\\nin Patrick county, Virginia, and after passing by many fertile\\nfarms cuts a like gash across the old Red Sandstone, forming a\\nmagnificent water power, with an inexhaustible supply of sand-\\nstone, for building purposes, on its very banks.\\nTwenty-one miles from Madison is Piedmont Springs, which has\\nbeen sought by invalids on account of its sulpho-chalybeate and\\nsweet alum waters and by others than invalids on account of\\npleasure. Should you go to the Piedmont Springs, ascend the\\nmountain till you reach the top of Moore s Knob then look away\\nNorth over the landscape, scolloped by myriads of hills, freckled\\nwith busy farms, and if the sun is not veiled you will see shimmer-\\ning through the tinted foliage of the distant wood, the silver\\nwaters of Dan river. Here it comes seemingly with high glee and\\nexpectation, rolling and rollicking, quite to the granite foot of the\\nmountain, as if it was going to drive a tunnel through and pass on.\\nBut in sad confusion it turns sullenly and nearly retraces its course\\nfor about a mile. At this point the upper river is distant from the\\nlower a very short distance, say 150 yards, and 15 or 20 feet higher,\\nmaking practical the running of any kind of machinery at small\\ncost.\\nThe Guilford Iron ore bed extends into the South-eastern corner\\nof this county. There are occasional veins of manganese, also\\nsouth of the river. Red hematite iron ore is extensive in the\\ncoal fields. When the Dan River Coal Field Railroad is built,\\nthere will be a grand opening for manufacturing and m ining", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "NORTII-WBSTERX MORTU CAROLINA. 83\\ntaking into consideration the gigantic water-power and the mineral\\nresources so near together.\\nLeaksville is a small town, situated in the Northern part of the\\ncounty, eight miles from the county-seat, Wentworth, and thirteen\\nmiles from Reidsville, on the Piedmont Railroad. Tiie town of\\nLeaksville is immediately on Dan river, about half a mile from\\nwhere the Smith river empties into the Dan. The business of the\\ntown is in tobacco, which is the great staple of the county, although\\nwheat and corn are also grown in large quantities on the rich\\nbottoms of the Dan, Smith and Mayo rivers, which rivers water\\nthe county. Leaksville contains four tobacco factories and two\\nwarehouses for the sale of leaf tobacco, four stores, two hotels, one\\nwagon and blacksmith shop, shoe shop, cabinet-maker s shop, c.\\nOne mile from tlie town is the Leaksville Cotton Mill, which is\\nR flourishing manufacturing village, containing a large cotton mill,\\nwool cards, machine shop, blacksmith shop, large flouring mill,\\ncircular saw mill and store, with a population of about 300 persons.\\nThe cotton mill contains 80 looms, which turn out about 4000 yards\\nof sheetings daily, besides yarns for country use, cotton bats, knit-\\nting and sewing cotton, warps and twisted yarn for the city market.\\nThe spinning department runs 3,700 spindles, a warping mill, three\\ntwisters, two spoolers and two warpers. This is the only mill in\\nthe State that runs an imported English slasher for sizing warps\\nit also runs ten large iron-framed English cards, all imported in\\nthe last four years by the enterprising owner. Major Morehead, a\\nson of the late Governor Morehead, who built the original Cotton\\nMill in 1838-9. Major Morehead has added several buildings to\\nthe orignal mill. Since he took charge of the mill he has thrown\\nout the old machinery, replacing it with the very latest improved\\nnow. The mill is run by one large over-shot water wheel and two\\niron turbines. The flouring mill is driven by one iron and one\\nwooden over-shot wheel. The power is derived from Smith river,\\nwhich affords a fall of 24 feet at the cotton mill, and is said by\\ncompetent judges, to be the best and most easily managed water\\npower next to Richmond, Virginia. The product of the cotton\\nmill finds a ready sale in Virginia and North Carolina, and the\\nhosiery yarns of this mill are quite celebrated for their extra\\nquality, being sold in large quantities in all the cities of Virginia\\nand Baltimore.\\nA mile from Leaksville is the Flouring Mill, Foundry and Agri-\\ncultural Works of Mr. C. Rodenhizer, a former citizen of Danville,\\nand now part owner of the Danville water power. He manufac-\\ntures plows, \u00c2\u00abS:c., in large quantities, finding a ready sale for them.\\nFive miles above him is the Mill and Tobacco Factory of Mr.\\nJoseph B. King. Three miles from Leaksville is also the Mill of\\nMr. Morgan. This part of the county is well supplied with mills.\\nThe Dan river at Leaksville is spanned by a fine covered bridge,\\neight miles above is another, and at Madison fourteen and a half\\nmiles from Leaksville, a third.\\nTo add to the varied industries and improvements of this part\\nof the county, a narrow gauge railroad has been chartered from\\nReidsville to Leaksville, tlie stock taken, the company organized,\\nsurveys have been made and the road will be finally located in a\\nfew weeks. Work will then be commenced, the road finished and", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "84 GUIDE BOOK OF\\ntrains running in less than a year. Major Morehead, the proprie-\\ntor of the Leaksville Cotton Mills, has been elected President of\\nthe Eoad, and he is now actively engaged in pushing the work\\nforward. In the vicinity of Leaksville coal is found in considerable\\nquantities, and during the late war it was shipped on the Dan in\\nboats to Danville, supplying that city with her coal. The Dan\\nriver is navigable for boats of 6 tons tonnage as high up as Saura-\\ntown Ford, 60 miles from Danville and 4 miles from Walnut Cove,\\nStokes county. Regular lines ply between Madison, Leaksville\\nand Danville, carrying down tobacco, wheat, flour, and cotton\\ngoods from the Cotton Mills, and bringing back fertilizers, salt,\\niron, and merchandise. From Leaksville. down the Dan, are the\\nbeautiful, level lands known as The Meadows, called by Bird,\\nthe surveyor, who many years ago ran the line between North\\nCarolina and Virginia, the Garden of Eden These lands are\\nexceedingly rich and fertile, and well adapted to grazing. Water\\nand health of this section are good, and the population are an\\nexceedingly kind, hospitable and generous people.\\nBeidsvilie, with a population of 1,200, is the largest and most im-\\nportant town of the county. It is a large tobacco market, and is\\nrapidly growing in importance. It is situated on the Piedmont\\nAir Line Eailroad. Two newspapers are published here. The\\nprice for leaf tobacco compares favorably with any market in the\\nState.\\nLeaksville. Population 700. (See account elsewhere.)\\nMadison. Population 300.\\nWenhvorih. Population 200.\\nJRuffin. Population 125.\\nCASWELL COUNTY\\nwas erected in 1777, out of Orange county, and derives its name\\nfrom Richard Caswell, the first Governor under the Constitution.\\nIt is situated sixty-five miles Northwest from Raleigh, and forms\\na beautiful compact square, having the Virginia line on the North,\\nPerson county on the East, Alamance and Orange on the South,\\nand Rockingham county on the West.\\nThe climate is salubrious and its land fertile.\\nChurches. Baptist 13 Methodist 11 Presbyterian 4.\\nSchools.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 \\\\Nh\\\\ie 22 Colored 28.\\nTowns. Yanceyville population 600 Milton 700 Leasburg\\n250. Milton is a considerable tobacco market, and is connected\\nwith the Railroads of the country by a narrow-gauge road, which\\nhas given it a considerable impetus in trade.\\nThe Milton Chromclf, a lively sheet, is published by C. N. B.\\nEvans, who is the oldest editor in the State.\\nMilton has 2 Furniture establishments of considerable note.\\nTimber. Pine, Oak, Hickory, Walnut, Poplar and Chestnut.\\nMills. Grain iS Saw 13. 3 Tanneries.\\nStone. Gi anite and Soapstone.\\nSurface. Undulating.\\nFruits. Apples, Peaches, Pears, Grapes and Plums.\\nPopxdatlon\u00e2\u0080\u0094Yihiie 6,587: Colored 9,494. Total 16,081.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 8\\nAPPENDIX.\\nSALEM FEMALE ACADEMY\\nis situated in S.ilem, Forsyth Co., N. C, immediately adjacent to\\nWinston, the county-seat of Forsyth.\\nIt lies in the midst of a rolling, woodland country, on the out-\\nlying slopes of the plateau which forms the a2:)proach to the Blue\\nRidge, not far from 1000 ft. above the sea-level. It has good water\\nand a salubrious atmosphere. It is the terminus of the Xorth-\\nWestern North Carolina Railroad, which connects it with Greens-\\nboro, 29 miles distant, and with the entire railway system of the\\nSouth. There are daily trains to and from Greensboro, and ample\\nExpress and Telegraph facilities.\\nSituated in the bosom of a community of excellent moral tone\\nand superior education, in a small and quiet country town, which\\npresents no social or other distractions, and affords no opportu-\\nnities for the acquirement or cultivation of interests foreign to\\nBtudy, Sakra Female Academy possesses singular external advantages.\\nIts buildings are located in the most retired part of the town,\\nadjoining the Moravian church and Parsonage. Its extensive and\\ntasteful private grounds are a delightful place of resort and\\nrecreation.\\nDuring the past three-quarters of a century its 5,000 aluinntc\\nhave spread its reputation over all parts of the South, and it is\\nupon the favorable opinion and matured judgment of these that\\nthe institution chiefly relies for its patronage. The reputation and\\ncharacter of m fashionable selwol arc designedly avoided. Solid learn-\\ning, the discipline and culture of the mind, the acquisition of\\ncorrect principles of morals and religion and healtliy physical\\ndevelopment, are its objects.\\nThe method of instruction is patient and laborious, and hence\\nlikely to be thorough. The number of scholars in class seldom\\nexceeds fifteen lessons are fully explained in advance of recita-\\ntion, ample time being given to each recitation (not less than one\\nhour) the instruction is not confined to the text-book, and, when\\npracticable, no printed text-books are used, the teacher lecturing\\nand the scholars taking notes of their own or copying a syllabus\\nprepared for tliem certain portions of every day are allotted to", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "86 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nstudy, and the scliolars are supervised and assisted by the teachers\\nwhile engaged in the preparation of their tasks intelligent recita-\\ntions are insisted on reviews are frequent and in tlie higher\\nclasses take the form of written papers scholars are also required\\nto look up information for themselves and present it in writing.\\nExaminations are held in all the classes at the close of each term\\nthese examinations are chiefly conducted in writing in the upper\\nclasses.\\nPrinted Rejiorts are forwarded to parents and guardians, exhib-\\niting the attainments of pupils in their studies, as also in various\\npoints of conduct and habits.\\nThe religious instruction, imparted by the Principal, is scru-\\npulously unsectarian.\\nIn the domestic arrangements the students and teachei s consti-\\ntute one household, at the head of which stand the Principal aad\\nhis wife. The Principal has no personal pecuniary interest in the\\nSchool, being simply the agent of the Church, by the authorities\\nof which he is selected for this department of its activity. The\\nwhole number of students is divided, without reference to scholar-\\nship, but mainly according to age, into companies or smaller\\nfamilies, each consisting of fifteen or twenty members, under the\\nconstant supervision of two lady teachers. Each company occupies\\na common sitting-room and other apartments, a common dormi-\\ntory and wash-room. Its members sit at the same table in the\\ngeneral dining-room, and look wp to the same teachers for direction\\nand advice. For purposes of counsel and control one of their\\nteachers is with them at all hours to superintend their studies, to\\npreserve order and to accompany them on their daily walks, to\\nmeals and to church and chapel. Both teachers sleep in the same\\ndormitoi y with the pupils of their charge.\\nIt is believed that no better system could be devised for promot-\\ning good morals, cultivating correct personal and social habits,\\ninculcating right principles and preparing girls and young women\\nfor actual and safe intercourse with the world, than this constant\\ncompaiiionship of a number of fellow-students, judiciously super^\\nvised and regulated by faithful and conscientious teachers.\\nThe apartments occupied by the several companies, or families,\\nare plain but comfortable at all seasons of the year. Great atten-\\ntion is paid to cleanliness and every portion of the house is thor-\\noughly ventilated.\\nSpecial provision is made for sickness, and an experienced\\nmatron is in constant exclusive attendance, day and night.\\nA certificate of Graduation will be iDublicly presented to those\\nwho pass the necessary examinations of the Graduating Course.\\nThe charter of the Institution (which was incorporated by Act of\\nLegislature, February 3, 1866), provides for this distinction in the\\nfollowing terras the faculty of said school, that is to say, the\\nPresident and Professors and Teachers by and with the consent\\nof the Trustees, shall ^have the power of conferring all such\\ndegrees or marks of literary distinction, or diplomas, as are\\nusually conferred in colleges and seminaries of learning.\\nThe Scholastic Year consists of ten months, beginning with tha\\nmonth of September. A vacation of about two weeks at Christmas", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTU CAROf.INA. 87\\ndivides the j ear into two terms, a Fall and a Spring Term. The\\nfiscal year comprises two periods of fire months eacli, the first\\nextending from Septamber to January inclusively, the second\\nfrom February to June inclusively.\\nRev. J. T. Zorn, a gentlemen of rare administrative ability and\\nfine mental culture, is the Principal.\\nTHE MORAVIANS.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 REVOLUTIONARY WAR.\\nThe Moravian Church, as a body, has always endeavored to ab-\\nstain from any participation in the political movements of the\\ndifferent countries to which the Lord in his providence has led\\nthem. Without prescribing anything in this respect to the indi-\\nvidual members of the church, leaving it to every one to cherish\\nmonarchical or republican sentiments, to be unbiased in his politi-\\ncal views, the church and all its governing bodies have ever ac-\\nknowledged and acted upon the plain Gospel principle of submit-\\nting themselves to every ordinance of men for the Lord s sake,\\n1 Peter ii. 13; and, as faithful and loyal subjects, conscientiously\\nto obey the laws of the land in which the Lord has placed them,\\nand to love and honor their rulers and governors.\\nBeing conscientiously averse to bearing arms and taking oaths,\\nthey in the earlier times of the renewed Brethren s church\\nwould never resort to violent measures for redressing their own\\ngrievances, nor participate in any measures of this kind adopted\\nby others.\\nThey therefore endeavored everywhere to comply with the apos-\\ntolic exhortation, that, first of all, supplications, prayers, interces-\\nsions, and giving of thanks be made for all nien, for kings and for\\nall that are in authority, that wo may lead a quiet and peaceable\\nlife, in all godliness and honesty. 1 Tim. ii. 1,2.\\nMoreover, in Great Britain and all the English colonies, they re-\\nceived important privileges by the act of Parliament of 1749. It\\nwas then enacted, That from and after the 24th day of June,\\n1749, every person being a member of said Protestant Episcopal\\nChurch, known by the name of Unltas Fratrum. or the United\\nBrethren, and which church was formerly settled in Moravia and\\nBohemia, and are now in Prussia, Poland, Silesia, Lusatia, Ger-\\nmany, the United Provinces, and also in His Majesty s dominions,\\nwho shall be required upon any lawful occasion to take an oath in\\nany case where by law an oath is or shall be required, shall, instead\\nof the usual form, be permitted to make his or her solemn affirma-\\ntion or declaration in these words following I, A. B., do declare,\\nin the presence of Almighty God, the witness of the truth of what\\nI say. Which said solemn affirmation or declaratien shall be\\nadjudged and taken, and is hereby enacted and declared to be of\\nthe same force and effect, to all intents and purposes, in all courts\\nof justice or otlier places where by law an oath is or shall be re-\\nquired within the kingdom.of Great Britain and Ireland, and also\\nin all and every of His Majesty s colonies and dominions in Ame-\\nrica, as if such person had taken an oath in the usual form.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "88 GUIDE UOOK OF\\nFurthermore it was enacted, That every member \u00e2\u0096\u00a0of the said\\nchurch or congregation, residing in any of His Majesty s colonies\\nin America, who shall at any time after the said 24th day of June,\\n1749, be summoned to bear arms or do military service in any of\\nHis Majesty s said colonies or provinces of America, shall on his\\napplication to the governor or commander-in-chief of the said\\ncolony or province, or to such officer or person by whom such i^er-\\nson shall have been summoned or required to serve or be mustered,\\nbe discharged from such personal service Provided, That such\\nperson, so desiring to be c^ischai ged from such personal service,\\ncontribute and pay such sum of money as shall be rated and\\nassessed on him in lieu of such personal service, so as such sum\\nshall be rated, assessed and levied, and be in such proportion as is\\nusually rated, assessed, levied and paid by other persons residing\\nin the same colony or province, who are by reason of age, sex, or\\nother infirmity unable to do personal service, and who are pos-\\nsessed of estates of the same nature as the persons desiring such\\ndischarge.\\nFurther it .was enacted that this privilege should be extended\\nonly to those who could procure a certificate, signed by a bishop\\nor pastor, proving their church-membership.\\nNow, when in 1768, by the many acts of oppression on the part\\nof Governor Tryon, the associations of the Reguhators were\\nformed, the Moravians in North Carolina tool?, no part whatever in\\nthese movements, either for or against the governor, or the Regu-\\nlators. Hence they were looked upon witli a suspicious eye by\\nboth parties. In 1771 civil war was fully declared. Many\\ndeserted their plantations to join the army, which was collecting\\nnear New Garden, Guilford county, to fight against the governor,\\nand publicly declared that the Moravians, and all those wlio had\\nnot assisted them, should after harvest give the half of their pro-\\nduce to those who had done the fighting. At the same time it\\nwas insinuated to the governor that the Brethren had secretly\\nsupported the Regulators.\\nOn May IGth a battle was fought on the road leading from Hills-\\nboro to Salisbury, five miles west of the Great Alamance river, the\\nforces of the Regulators being about two thousand men, those of\\nthe governor eleven hundred. The action lasted about two hours,\\nand resulted in the total defeat of the Regulators.\\nOn his march westward, the governor reached Bethabara on\\nJune 4th, and encamped there with his army several days.\\nThe Brethren refrained, for conscience sake, from taking any\\nactive part in the struggle for independence. But, at the same\\ntime, they were willing to bear their part of the burden imposed\\nby the troubles of war on the land of their adoption.\\nIn the beginning of 1776 some from these parts joined the army\\ncollecting at Cross Creek (now Fayetteville), to oppose the High-\\nlanders, who had come to the support of Governor Josiali Martin.\\nDuring this time some wagons from the Moravian settlements\\nwere sent to Cross Creek for salt.\\nBeing seen there, the report was spread that, under the\\npretence of bringing salt, munitions o\u00e2\u0082\u00acwar had been carried up\\nthe country and secreted in the Morevian settlements. There-\\nupon, after the battle of Moore s Creek, in which the Tory army", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "NORXH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 89\\nwas defeated, the Committee of Safety, at Salisbury, sent a commis-\\nsion, consisting of seven officers and sixty men, to investigate the\\ntruth of tlie report. February 14th and l^th the three Moravian\\ntowns were visited, and the officers had abundant opportunity of\\nconvincing themselves of the perfectly peaceful character of the\\ninhabitants. The J3rethren, on their part, gave them a written\\ndeclaration that they would submit to all requirements of the ex-\\nisting government of the province, but should not meddle in any\\nway with the political movements of the country. The commis-\\nsioners, on their pju t, gave them a. certificate that the rumors\\nreferred to above were ungrounded, and that no one should molest\\nthe Moravians. Soon after. Bishop Graff was cited to appear before\\nthe Committee of Safety, in Salisbury, to answer for an intercepted\\npackage from Europe which, however, contained nothing of a\\npolitical nature, but only the regular accounts of other Moravian\\nsettlements.\\nIn 1777 the Brethren were required to take part in the military\\nservice. They objected from conscientiotis motives, declaring\\nagain that they should not refuse any tax or contribution laid\\nupon them by the existing government. This tax was a heavy\\nburden, especially as the price of provisions was very high, corn\\nselling at ei^ht shillings, and salt at six pounds ten shillings per\\nbushel.\\nBut still more trying was the so-called Test Act, of 1775,\\nnequiring of every one an oath of fealty to the Government of the\\nUnited States, and connected with it an oath of abjuration to\\nKing George. In case of refusal, exjiatriation and confiscation of\\nproperty was threatened.\\nOn this account, the Brothers T. Bagge and Blum were sent in\\nAtigust with a petition to the State Assembly which held its\\nsessions at Ilrllsboro, by which, however, only so much was\\nobtained that the enforcement of this act should be postponed till\\nthe following year. A Brother was sent to Bethlehem to consult\\nwith the Brethren there, who were in the same difficulties and at\\na loss how to act. Meanwhile, many, especially the younger por-\\ntion of the Moravians, voluntarily took the State oath, whilst the\\nolder and most influential members refused to do so.\\nSome of the neighbors, believing that the Moravians would sure-\\nly be driven from the country, began to enter different parcels of\\ntheir lands, supposing that no lawful deeds were in existence\\nand even the town plots of Salem and Bethlehem, aa also the two\\nmills, were entered by some speculating neighbors at the rate of\\n50 shillings. Continental money, for 100 acres. There was consid-\\nerable danger of the Moravians losing the title of their land there is\\nno doubt, especially as the transfer of the legal title from James\\nHutton, of London, to Fred. W. Marshall, a naturalized citizen of\\nNorth Carolina, had taken place after the passage of the Confisca-\\ntion ,\\\\ct of North Carolina in 1777, and the legal proprietors were,\\nftt that time, absent in Europe.\\nBut the wisdom of this world is often confounded by the simple\\nfaith of the children of God. When the Wachovia land had been\\nbought from Lord Granville, Count Zinzendorf, against the advice\\nof learned men of the town, insi sted on it, that the nineteen or-\\niginal deeds should be given to J. Uutlon in trust for the Unita-t", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "90 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nFratrum,^^ which deed of trust made it apparent now that the Con-\\nfiscation Act could not well, in right and equity, be extended to\\nthe Moravian lands.\\nStill, it was a time of perplexity and great anxiety for those\\nBrethren, who, in the absence of Brother Marshall, had the man-\\nagement of the outward affairs of the church. Meanwhile, it was\\na matter of great thankfulness that a petition sent to the State\\nAssembly in Halifax, handed in by the Brethren Praezel and C.\\nHeckewelder, in January, 1779, was favorably received, and the\\nresolution was passed that if the Moravians would render the\\nprescribed affirmation of fealty to this and the other United States\\nof America, they should remain in the undisturbed possession of\\ntheir property, also be exempt from all military service, but instead\\nof it pay a twofold tax.\\nAccording to this decision, all the Brethren, who had not yet\\ntaken the Test Oath, by their solemn affirmation before Justice\\nDobson, declared their fealty to the United States, and received\\ncertificates to that effect.\\nTo aggravate their troubles, the seasons were unpropitious, the\\nprice of provisions increased, whilst the value of the paper cur-\\nrency was reduced to only four pence for the dollar. Ajjples and\\npeaches froze in the bud, and the wheat was greatly injured by\\nmildew, and the corn crop in some localities totally failed. Salt\\nwas sold at eighty shillings Continental money, or forty shillings,\\nspecie, per bushel iron at sixteen pence per pound. Besides this,\\nthe smallpox spread in Salem, brought there by a company of\\ncavalry of the Pulaski Legion, which had remained there for sev-\\neral days. No less than forty persons suffered from this disease,\\nof whom, however, only two died.\\nIn the fall of the year, Brother Marshall arrived, having been\\ndetained in Europe by the war since 1775, and was followed in the\\nspring of 1780 by Bishop J. F. Reichel, who was sent by the Gen-\\neral Board of the Unity on an official visitation of all the Moravian\\ncongregations in Noith America. By his judicious councils and\\nfatherly admonitions, the difficulties which had arisen here, as\\nwell as in the congregations at the North from conflicting political\\nviews, were gradually overcome and be it said, in honor of the\\nGerman Brother, brought up in a monarchical country, that bj his\\nclear pei ception of the state of affairs and sound judgment, he\\nsucceeded in reconciling many whose conscientious scruples had\\nleft them in much perplexity.\\nHis labors were signally blessed by the Lord, and the harmony-\\nwas restored, which is so essential to the welfare of a Christian\\ncommunity. During Brother Reichel s visit, the monthly confer-\\nence of the ministers of the country congregations was instituted\\nat Salem, Sept. 15th, 1780, which has been continued ever since.\\nFriedland and Hope received their full organization as Congrega-\\ntions of the Brethren.\\nOf the incidents of the revolutionary war, the following inter-\\nesting particulars have been preserved, which, in their details,\\nprove sufficiently that our fathers conscientiously refrained from\\nany participation whatever in it.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 91\\n111 June, 1780, more than a thousand Tories assembled in the\\nneighborhood of the Moravian settlements, comitting many acts\\nof violence. To oppose them, the militia was collected everywhere,\\nwhich scoured the country, taking horses, rifles, and provisions at\\ntheir pleasure. The Moravian settlements were often visited.\\nMeanwhile, 3,000 Continental troops had assembled at Cross Creek,\\nand were joined by 7,000 militia, to march against the p]nglish.\\nFor their support, supplies from the newly gathered wheat were\\nordered, which, in Salem and neighborhood, were collected by an\\noflScer and sixty men. Wagons and horses were also taken, to\\nconvey the flour to the army. In the disastrous battle of Camden,\\nin which General Gates was totally defeated, some of our wagons\\nand horses were lost, of which six belonged to the Brethren of\\nBethania.\\nIn August, several hundred men of the Virginia militia, as\\nscouting parties were quartered at Bethabara. The military posses-\\nsion of the place lasted three weeks, causing great scai city of pro-\\nvisions and suffering to the Brethren.\\nOn Sept. 13th, Brother Fritz received at Hope a visit of sixteen\\nhorsemen, who were pi ovided for by him.\\nIn October, a party of 500 militia made Bethania their head-\\nquarters. Soon after, 300 prisoners, among whom were 50 English\\ntaken near King s Mountain, were brought and kept there nine-\\nteen days, until all provisions to be found in the place were con-\\nsumed.\\nIn 1781, the Brethren had abundant cause of appreciating the\\ntruth of the promise He shall deliver thee in six troubles yea\\nin seven there shall no evil touch thee, Job v. 19. For when, in\\nthe first months of the year, the theatre of war came nearer and\\nnearer to the Moravian settlements, still no actual hostilities occur-\\nred on the \\\\V achovia Tract.\\nJanuary 7th, 22 men, 40 horses and 2 baggage wagons of Gen-\\neral Greene s division were quartered in Salem, and remained there\\ntill February 4th.\\nJanuary 12th, a committee of four Brethren was appointed to\\ncare for the military affairs, by whom a barrack was erected at\\nsome distance from the town, where a military store was kept for\\nsome time. This military store, and a hospital, which had been\\nerected in Salem, were removed on February 5th, the Friedberg\\nand Bethania Brethren furnishing wagons. On the same day.\\nGeneral Pickens s corps encamped near Bethabara.\\nFebruary 7th and 8th, sevei al hundred men of Wilkes County,\\n(N. C.) and of Georgia militia passed through Salem.\\nOn the 9th of February, the British armj under Lord Cornwallis\\nencamped in Bethania, and jiassed the next day through Salem\\nand the Friedland settlement, which proved a rather expensive\\nvisit, Bethania alone losing 23 horses, 30 head of cattle, and all\\ntheir poultry. Soon after the Wilkes County militia paid a second\\nvisit to Salem and Bethabara.\\nIn November, 63 members of the Assembly, with the newly\\nelected governor, Alexander Martin, of Guilford County, spent\\nseveral weeks in Salem for the purpose of holding their session,\\nwhich, however, failed for want of a quorum.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "92 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nIn January, 1782, this visit was repeated, and the members of\\nthe Assembly had abundant opportunity of making themselves\\nfully acquainted with the religious and social state of the Moravian\\nsettlements.\\nThis was important for the Brethren, and proved of advantage\\nin obtaining an especial Act from the Legislature of North Caro-\\nlina assembled at Hillsboro, by which F. AV. Marshall was duly\\nacknowledged as the proprietor of the Wachovia Tract, and all the\\nlands which had been acquired by the Brethren in North Carolina.\\nBrother Traugott Bagge was elected member of the Assembly,\\nauditor, and justice of the peace.\\nIn this year the faithful pastor of the Salem congregation, Bro.\\nJ. M. Gi aff, the first bishoi ever residing in any of the Southern\\nStates, departed this life.\\nIn 1783, the solemn thanksgiving day for the restoration of\\npeace, was celebrated on July 4th with great joy and gladness of\\nheart, and with especial gratitude to the Lord for all his mercies\\nnnd provi\u00c2\u00bblential preservations during these trying times.\\nOn May 31st, 1791. Salem was visited by the first President of\\nthe United States, George Washington then on a visit to Alexander\\nMartin, Governor of North Carolina. Gen. Washington spent a\\nday among the Moravians, visiting the houses of the single\\nBrethren and single Sister 5, and in the evening attending service\\nin the church. The President seemed to take an especial interest\\nin the water-works by which the town was supplied with water.\\nThe following address was presented to him on June 1st\\nTo the President of the United ^States\\nHappy in sharing the honor of a visit from the illustrious\\nPresident of the Union to the Southern States, the Brethren of\\nWachovia humbly beg leave, upon this joyful occasion, to express\\ntheir highest esteem, duty and affection for the greai patriot of\\nthis country.\\nDeeply impressed as we are with gratitude to the great Author\\nof our being for his unbounded mercies, we cannot but jjarticularly\\nacknowledge His gracious providence over the temjioral and\\npolitical prosperity of the country, in the peace whereof we do find\\npeace, and wherein none can take a warmer interest than our-\\nselves, in particular when we consider that the same Lord who\\npreserved your precious person in so many imminent dangers has\\nmade you in a conspicuous manner an instrument in his hands to\\nforward that happy constitution, together with those improve-\\nments whereby our United States begin to flourish, over which\\nyou preside with the applause of a thankful nation.\\nWhenever, therefore, we solicit the protection of the Father of\\nMercies over this favored country, we cannot but fervently implore\\nHis kindness for your preservation, which is so intimately con-\\nnected therewith.\\nMay this gracious Lord vouchsafe to prolong your valuable life\\nas a further blessing and an ornament of the constitution, that by\\nyour worthy example the regard for religion be increased, and the\\nimprovements of civil society encouraged.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN XOR II CAROMXA. 93\\nThe settlements of the United Brethren, though smal., will\\nalways make it their study to contribute, as much as in them lies,\\nto the peace and improvement of the United States, and all the\\nparticular parts they live in. joining their ardent prayers to the\\nbest wishes of this whole continent that your personal as well as\\ndomestic happiness may abound, and a series of successes may\\ncrown your labors for the prosperity of our times and an example\\nto future ages, until the glorious reward of a faithful servant shall\\nbe your portion.\\nSigned, in behalf of the United Brethren in Wachovia,\\nFREDERICK WILLIAM MARSHALL,\\nJOHN DANIEL KCEHLER.\\nCHRISTIAN LEWIS BENZIEN.\\nSalem, the \\\\st of June, 1791.\\nTo which the President of the L^nited States was pleased to\\nreturn the following answer\\nTo (he United Brethren of Woxhov m\\nGentlemen I am greatly indebted to your respectful and\\naffectionate expression of personal regard, and I am not less\\nobliged by the pati-iotic sentiment contained in your address.\\nFrom a society whose governing principles are industry and\\nthe love of order, much may be expected towards the improvement\\nand prosperity of the country in which their settlements are\\nformed, and experience authorizes the belief that much will be\\nobtained.\\nThanking you with grateful sincerity for your prayers in my\\nbehalf, I desire to assure you of my best wishes for your social\\nand individual happiness.\\na. WASHINGTON.\\nWHO ARE THE MORAVIANS?\\nThey are called Moravians because, in the fifteenth and sixteenth\\ncenturies, Moravia, a province of the Austrian Empire, constituted\\none of the princi2 al seats of their Church, and because it was re-\\nnewed, in the eighteenth, by refugees from that country who fled\\nto Saxany for the sake of religious liberty. Their official name,\\nhowever, is The United Brethren, or The Unitas Fratnon, The Unity of\\nthe Brethren, and they originated not only in Moi-avia, but also in\\nBohemia.\\nAbout the middle of the ninth century these two countries were\\nconverted to Christianity, chiefly through the influence of the\\nGreek Church and the labors of its two illustrious missionaries,\\nCyril and Methodius. They translated the Bible into the vernac-\\nular and introduced a national ritual. Hence, although Bohemia\\nand Moravia gradually fell under the jurisdiction of the Romish\\nHierarchy, they protested, from the earliest times, against some of\\nits claims, and resisted, more or less, its spiritual tyranny. Such\\nopposition led, at last, to the Bohemian Reformation, of which", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "94 GUIDE BOOK OP\\nJohn Huss, born July 6, 1369, was the distinguished leader. The\\nCouncil of Constance, before which he appeared to plead his cause,\\nbroke the pledge of personal safety which had been given him and\\ncondemned him to the stake. He suffered martyrdom on the 6th\\nof July, 1415.\\nOut of his ashes rose the Brethren s Church. It was founded by\\nsome \u00c2\u00a9f his followers, in 1457, on the estate of Lititz, about one\\nhundred miles east of Prague, on the confines of Silesia. This\\nwas sixty years before Luther began his reformation, and more\\nthan a century before the Anglican Church, from which the Epis-\\ncopalians are descended, was fully established. The Moravian is,\\ntherefore, by far the oldest Protestant Episcopal Church that\\nexists.\\nThere were three principles adopted by its members as the basis\\nof their union namely, first, the Bible is the only source of Chris-\\ntian doctrine second, public worship is to be administered in ac-\\ncordance with the teaching of the Scriptures, and on the model of\\nthe Apostolic Church and third, the Lord s Supper is to be re-\\nceived in faith, to be doctrinally defined in the language of the\\nBible, and every human explanation of that language is to be\\navoided.\\nLititz soon became the rallying-point for awakened persons\\nthroughout Bohemia and Moravia, so that the new Church rapidly\\nincreased. Its first ministers were priests ordained in the Calix-\\ntine, or National Church, from which the Brethren had seceded.\\nIn 1467, however, they introduced a ministry of their own and se-\\ncured the episcopacy from Bishop Stephen of the Austrian\\nWaldenses.\\nBoth the Roman Catholics and the National Church persecuted\\nthe Brethren, with fire and sword. The first persecution broke\\nout in 1461 the second in 1468 the third in 1508. The Brethren\\nhad trial of cruel mockings and scourgings, yea, moreover, of\\nbonds and imprisonments. They held their public services and\\ntheir synods at night, in dense solitudes, around fires, under the\\nstarry canopy of heaven. They were tortured on the rack and\\nburned at the stake. But the blood of the martyrs was the seed\\nof the Church.\\nWhen Martin Luther began his reformation in 1517, the Breth-\\nren of Bohemia and Moravia constituted a church of Reformers\\nbefore the Reformation, numbering at least two hundred thousand\\nmembers, counting over four hundred parishes, using a hymn-\\nbook and a catechism of its own, proclaiming its doctrines in a\\nconfession of faith, employing two printing-presses, and scattering\\nBohemian Bibles broadcast through the land. In the course of\\ntime, a friendly correspondence was opened with the Reformers\\nboth of Germany and Switzerland.\\nThe fourth persecution, which broke out in 1547, led to the\\nfounding of the Church in Poland, where it grew so rapidly that,\\nin 1557, its Polish parishes were constituted a distinct ecclesiasti-\\ncal province. Hence the Unitas Fratrum was now divided into\\nthree such Provinces, namely, the Bohemian, the Moravian, and\\nthe Polish, and increased mox e than ever, founding colleges and\\ntheological seminaries, translating the Bible from the original into\\nBohemian, and sending forth many other important works. Re-", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 95\\nligious liberty having been proclaimed in Bohemia and Moravia\\nin 1609, it became one of tlie legally acknowledged churches of\\nthese lands.\\nIn the early part of the Thirty Years War, however, when the\\nBohemian Protestants had been defeated at the battle of the\\nWhite Mountain, in 1020, the Emperor Ferdinand II, inaugurated\\nthe so-called Anti-reformation, with the avowed purpose of crush-\\ning evangelical religion in Bohemia and Moravia. This end was\\naccomplished in 1627. Only a hidden seed of the Church of the\\nBrethren remained the majority of its members, as well as the\\nLutherans and Reformed, were driven into exile.\\nA new centre of the Unitas Fratrum was now established at\\nLissa, in Poland, where a number of parishes were gathered, as\\nalso in Hungary. The Brethren hoped and prayed for a return to\\ntheir native laud. But the peace of Westphalia excluded Bohe-\\nmia and Moravia from the benefits of the religious liberty which\\nwas elsewhere established and, in 1G56, Lissa was sacked and\\nburned in a war whioh broke out between Poland and Sweden.\\nThe ecclesiastical centre of the Church having thus been destroy-\\ned, its parishes were gradually absorbed by other Protestant bodies.\\nFor more than half a century the Unitas Fratrum ceased to exist as\\na visible organization. Its hidden seed in Bohemia and Moravia,\\nhowever, remained, and its illustrious bishop, Amos Comenius,\\nfilled with a prophetical anticipation of its future renewal, repub-\\nlished its history, confession, and discipline, commended its future\\nmembers to the care of the Church of England, and took steps to\\nperpetuate its episcopacy. Hence, for a period of fifty years, cler-\\ngymen of the Reformed Church were consecrated bishops of the\\nUnitas Fratrum, that the succession might not die out.\\nIn 1707, George Jaeschke, an aged patriarch of Moravia, de-\\nscended from the Brethren, spoke on his death-bed, with great\\nassurance, of the speedy renewal of their Chui ch, and fifteen\\nyears later two of his grandsons, Augustine and Jacob Neisser. with\\ntheir families, followed Christian David, the servant of the\\nLord, to Saxony, where, on the 17th of June, 1722, they began\\nto build the town of Herrnhut, on the estate of Count Zinzendorf,\\nwho had offered them an asylum.\\nHerrnhut soon became the rallying-place for the descendants of\\nthe Brethren, several hundred of whom emigrated iV\u00c2\u00aem Bohemia\\nand Moravia. They introduced their ancient discipline, handed\\ndown by Comenius, and, in 1735, received their venerable episco-\\npate at the hands of its two last survivors, Daniel Ernst Jablonsky\\nand Christian Sitkovus.\\nThe development which now began was, however, dilFerent in\\nome respects from that of former times. Count Zinzendorf him-\\nself became the leading bishop of the resuscitated Church, and he\\nstrove to build it up in such a way as not to intericre with the\\nrights and privileges of the State Church, in the communion of\\nwhich he had been born and to which he was sincerely attached.\\nIn carrying out this principal he did not let the renewed Unitus\\nFratrum expand, as other Churches expand, but established on\\nthe Continent of Europe, in Great Britain, and in America, exclus-\\nively Moravian settlements, from which the follies and tempta-\\ntions of the world were excluded, and in which was fostered the", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "96 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nhighest form of spiritual life. This system necessarily kept the\\nChurch small. At the same time, however, its members did not\\nremain idle, but undertook such extensive missions in heathen\\nlands that, by common consent, the Moravians are recognized as\\nthe standard-bearers in this work, established many boarding\\nschools for young jieople not of their communion, and began the\\nso-called Diaspora Mission among nominal members of the State\\nChurches of Europe. This Mission has in view their conversion\\nand edification without drawing them away from their own com-\\nmunion, and numbers, at present, over 80,00W members.\\nTlie exclusive system still continues in Germany in a modified\\nform in England, also, there are a few Moravian settlements\\nbut in America this polity has been given up. The last vestige of\\nit disappeared in 1856. In the following year, at a General Synod\\nheld at Herrnhut, the constitution of the Unitas Fratrum was re-\\nmodeled. It now consists of three Provinces, the German, the\\nBritish, and the American, which are united as one body in regard\\nto doctrine, ritual, discipline, the work of foreign missions, and\\nthe Bohemian mission a new enterprise begun in the ancient\\nseats of the Brethren in 1870. Otherwise, however, each Province\\nis free to develop as God may show it the way.\\nSince this change of polity the American Province has increased\\nrapidly, doubling the number of its churches and members. It\\nnow carries on the work of church-extension in the same way aa\\nthe other religious denominations of our country, and still devotes\\nitself particularly to the education of the young at its five board-\\ning-schools, which are located at Bethlehem, Nazareth, and Lititz,\\nPennsylvania, at Hope, Indiana, and at Salem, North Carolina.\\nEach Province has a Synod of its own that in America meets\\ntriennially and a Provincial or Executive Board, consisting of\\nbishops and other ministers, who are elected to it by the Synod.\\nThis Board governs the Province in the interval between Synods\\nand appoints the ministers to the various congregations. Every\\nten or twelve years a General Synod is held, to which each Prov-\\nince sends the same number of delegates. The General Synod\\nelects a General Executive Committee, styled the Unity s Elders\\nConference, which oversees the whole Church and all its Missions.\\nThe Moravian is therefore the only Protestant Church which con-\\nstitutes one organic whole throughout the world.\\nIt has, moreover, a complete ritual, including a litany and other\\nforms, but allows of free prayer at its public services keeps up\\nthe three orders of the ministry, namely, bishops, presbyters, and\\ndeacons observes the festivals of the Christian Church admits\\nnew converts by the rite of confirmation receives members of\\nother evangelical churches by certificate encourages lay work\\nand exercises a strict discipline, in accordance with the injunctions\\nof Scripture and the example of its Bohemian and Moravian fa-\\nthers. The cardinal points of its doctrine are the same as those\\nof all other evangelical churches.\\nThe whole number of souls in the three Provinces is 30,356 of\\nwhom 16,080 belong to the American the whole number of con-\\nverts in the Foreign Missions 68,476 the number of Missionaries\\nand their children about 400 and the entire membership, not\\ncounting the Diaspora Mission, 98,832.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "NORTU-WESTER.V NORTH CAROLIXA. 97\\nFREDERIC WILLIAM DE MARSHALL.\\nTlie following has been added from Moravians in North Caro-\\nlina, being valuable for future reference:\\nIn 1763, Br. Marshall was ajipointod (Economicus of Wachovia,\\ni. c. superintendent of all the temporal and outward affairs of the\\nBrethren in these new settlements, which office he retained until\\nhis death in 1802.\\nAs he certainly acted the most conspicuous part in the af-\\nfairs of Wachovia, and may be called the founder of Salem, a short\\nbiographical sketch may with propriety find its j^lace here.\\nHis father, George Rudolph Marshall, of Herren Grossstudt, was\\nan officer in tlie Saxon army. Having lost his right arm in Poland,\\nand being thereby disabled for active service, he became com-\\nmander of the garrison of Stolpen, and afterwards of the fortress\\nKunigstein. In the former town, Stolpen, near Dresden, Fredric\\nWilliam de Marshall was born, February 5th, J 721. He and his\\nthree brothers received a christian, but at the same time a very\\nstrict military education, by which he in early years was prepared\\nfor many hardships, and acquired those traits of punctuality and\\nmethodical order which were essential qualifications for his future\\nusefulness.\\nHis parents were desirous that he should enter the military sei\\nvice, or fill some office at the court of the King of Saxony. But\\nthe King of Kings had selected him for his service as a soldier of\\nthe cross, and a champion of the truth, as it is in Christ Jesus.\\nBy means of a pious tutor, named Bretschneider, he was not only\\nled to seek the Lord, but also became acquainted with the Breth-\\nren at Herrnhut. This acquaintance was cultivated and strength-\\nened by a- visit which he made to that place whilst a student at\\nthe L^niversity of Leipzig. At the latter place he attended a meet-\\ning held by Count Zinzendorf, in which he felt the inward convic-\\ntion that he should serve the Lord in the Brethren s church, for\\nwhich purpose he studied the English language. At the especial\\ninvitation of Count Zinzendorf, he came to Herrnhaag in 1739, and\\nsoon after became a member of the Brethren s congregation.\\nFrom this time forward he devoted all his talents to the church of\\nhis adoption, and proved himself a faithful servant of the Lord\\nfor upwards of sixty-two years.\\nAccording to his own calculation, be spent thirty-one years in\\nthe German congregations, fifteen in England, one and a half in\\nHolland and Prussia, thirty-two and a half in North America, and\\nfifteen months at sea.\\nConcerning the earlier part of his activity in Germany and Eng-\\nland, it will suffice to say that preaching the Gospel, attending\\nconferences and synods, and superintending the erection of large\\nbuildings Lindsay-house in London), fully occupied his time,\\nand often tasked his strength to the utmost. He took an active\\npart in the negotiations with the British Parliament, to which re-\\nference was made at the beginning of our narrative.\\nIn 1750 he married Ilcdwig Elizabeth deSchweinitz, who proved\\na faithful and efficient helpmate, and departed this life in 1795.\\nHis eldest daughter, Maria Theresa, married, in 1777, Hans Chris-\\ntian Alexander de Schwoinitz, administrator of the .Unity s j^os-\\nscssions in Pennsylvania. The son of the latter, Lewis DeSchweinitz,\\n7", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "98 C.L IDE BOOK OF\\ndied in 1S34 was proprietor of all the estates of the Church in\\nthe United States. E. A. Friiaufi and Emil A. De Schweinitz,\\n(now Bishop of the Southern Province), grandsons of Alexander\\nI)e Schweinitz, were each lately Administrators of the estates of\\nthe Church in Pennsylvania and N orth Carolina\\nAfter the death of Count Zinzendorf, with whom he had been in\\nthe most intimate connection, and for years in daily intercourse,\\nMarshall became a member of the first Directorial Board of the\\nUnity, and, as such, in 1701, visited Pennsylvania, to assist in dis-\\nsolving the family economy existing in Bethlehem and Nazareth,\\nand afterwards to superintend the settlement of the central town\\non the Wachovia tract. Being delayed by the second Indian war\\nof 1763, he could not venture to travel south before the fall of 1764.\\nAfter returning to Europe, he, in 1768, removed with his family\\ntoJBethabai a.\\nIn 1775 he attended the General Synod of the church, held at\\nBarby, in Saxony, where he was detained, on account of the revo-\\nlutionary war, until 1779, when he succeeded in reaching New\\nYork, and afterwards Salem, in safety.\\nThere he remained, active, energetic, faithful, and self-denying,\\nin the service of his Lord and Master, to the day of his departure,\\nwhich took place February 11, 1802, six days after he had finished\\nthe eighty -first yenv of his pilgrimage on earth.\\nThe 14th of February the day on which, thirty-seven years be-\\nfore, he had selected the site for the town of Salem the same on\\nwhich, thirty-three years before, he had reached Bethabara with\\nhis wife was the day of his interment in the shady grove of\\nSalem s acre of God.\\nFIRST SETTLERS AND HEADS OF FAMILIES.\\nThis list has been carefully prepared from the church records of\\nthe different Moravian congregations in North Carolina and\\nmany of the present members of the church will, no doubt, be\\ngratified to find on record here when their ancestors arrived in\\nthis countrj and where their burial places may be found.\\nJohn Ackerman, born in 1756, near Eisenach, Germany came\\nto North Carolina in 1785 died in 1791 in Bethabara.\\nTraugott Bagge, born in 1729 in Gottenburg, Sweden came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1768 died in 1800 in Salem.\\nJohn Greorge Baumgarten, born in 1722 in Hesse Cassel came\\nto North Carolina in 1755 died in 1779 in Salem.\\nJacob Beroth, born in 1740 in York Co., Pa.; came to North\\nCarolina in 1772 died in 1801 in Salem.\\nJohn Beroth, born in 1725 in Oppen, Palatinate, one of the first\\nsettlers of Bethabara in 1753, and of Bethania in 1759 died in\\n1817 in Friedland.\\nJacob Blum, born in 1739 in Saucon, Northampton, Pa.; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1768 died in 1802 in Salem.\\nJohn Henry Blum, born in 1752 in Bethlehem, Pa.; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1766 died in 1824 in Salem.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "NORTII-WESTEUN NORTH CAROLINA. 99\\nJohn Nicolaus Bcekel, born in 1741 in Heidelberg, Pa.; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1767 died in 1822 in Bethania.\\nFred. Bwkel, born in 1742 in Pennsylvania; came to North Car-\\nolina in 1765 died in 1802 in Friedberg.\\nJohn Fred. Bolovv (Belo), born in 1780 in Ilerrnhut, Saxony\\ncame to North Carolina in 1806 died in 1827 in Salem.\\nJoseph William Boner, born in 1747 in Pennsylvania; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1769 died in 1785 in Hope.\\nChristian Briez, born in 1772 in Lower Lusatia, Germany came\\nto North Carolina in 1806 died in 1845 in Salem.\\nJohn Christian Burkhardt, born in 1771 iri Tangermiinde, Alt\\nMark, Prussia came to North Carolina in 1806 died in 1846 in\\nSalem.\\nThomas Butner, born in 1741 in Monocasy, Maryland; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1768 died in 1780 in Hope.\\nGottlieb Byhan, born in J777 near Herrnhut, Saxony came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1796. Died in October, 1864, in Salem.\\nJohn Chitt}^, born in 1 766 in Maryland died in 1825 in Bcthabara.\\nRudolph Christ, born in 1750 in Wurtemburg came to North\\nCarolina in 1765 died in 1833 in Salem.\\nBalthasar Christman, born in 1760 in York Co., Pa.; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1780 died in 1797 in Bethabai a.\\nCharles Gottlieb Clauder, born in 1765 in Zwickau, Saxony\\ncame to North Carolina in 1797 died in 1843 in Salem.\\nChristian Conrad, born in 1744 in Pennsylvania came to North\\nCarolina in 1768 died in 1800 in Bethania.\\nGeorge Cook (Koch), born in 1771 in Lancaster, Pa.; came to\\nNorth Carolina In 1806 died in 1822 in Friedberg.\\nJohn Douthid, born in 1709 in Coleraine, Ireland came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1750 died in 1784 in Hope.\\nJohn Lewis Eberhardt, born in 1758 in Thuringia, Germany\\ncame to North Cai olina in 1799 died in 1839 in Salem,\\nJohn Martin P.bert, born in 1727 in Anspach, Germany; came\\nto North Carolina in 1774 died in 1792 in Friedberg.\\nChristian Elrod, born in 1721 in Pennsylvania came to North\\nCarolina in 1751 died in 1785 in Hope.\\nJacob Fetter, born in 1781 in Lancaster, Pa.; died in 1856 in\\nSalem.\\nJohn Adam Fischell, born in 1730 in Palatinate, Germany\\ncame to North Carolina in 1779 died in 1802 in Friedberg.\\nMelclioir Fisher, born in 1726 in Heilbron, Wurtemberg came\\nto North Carolina about 1770 died in 1798 in Friedberg.\\nGottlieb Fockel, born in 1724 in Peilau, Silesia, Germany eame\\nto North Carolina in 1755 died in 1778 in Bethabara.\\nPeter Frey, born in 1689 in Alsace, Germany came to North\\nCarolina in 1765 died in 1766 in Friedberg.\\nJohn Christian William Fries, born in 1775 in Barby, Germany;\\ncame to !Sorth Carolina in 1809. Died in February, 1866, in Salem.\\nGottfried Grabs, born in 1716 in Silesia, Germany; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1756 died in 1793 in Bethania.\\nJacob Gretter, born in 1708 in Alsace, Germanj J me to North\\nCarolina in 1768 died in 1788 in Friedberg,\\nJohn Joachim Hagen, born in 1771 in Brandenburg came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1814 died in JS44 in Salem.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "100 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nJohn Hanke, born in 1750 in Nazareth, Pa.: died in J 823 in\\nBethania.\\nHoratio Hamilton, born in 1756 in Frederick Co.. Maryland;\\ncame to North Carolina in 1775 died in 1840 in Hope.\\nGeorge Fred. Hartman, born in 1724 in Palatinate came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1755 died in 1788 in Friedberg.\\nMartin Hauser, born in 1696 in Miimpolgard, Switzerland came\\nto Nortli Carolina in 1753 died in 1761 in Bethania.\\nJohn Balthasar Hege, born in 1714 in Wurtemberg came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1757 died in 1785 in Bethania.\\nJohn Jacob Hein, born in 1713 in Dilleburg, Germany died in\\n1795 in Friedland.\\nJohn Hein, born in 1749 near Dilleburg, Germany died in 1806\\nin Bethabara.\\nJohn Henry Herbst, born in 1727 in Hanover came to North\\nCarolina in 1762 died in 1821 in Salem.\\nMarcus Hoehn. born in 1719 in Zweibriiken, Germany came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1774 died in 1797 in Friedberg.\\nGeorge Holder, born in 1729 in Oley, Pa.; came to North Caro-\\nlina in 1755 died in 1804 in Bethabara.\\nJohn Holland, born in 1743 in Cheshire, England came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1773 died in 1811 in Salem.\\nJohn Jacob Kai:)p, born in 1729 in Switzerland came to North\\nCarolina in 1754 died in 1807 in Bethabara.\\nJoseph Korner (Kerner,) born in 1769 in Black Forest, Germa-\\nny died in 1830 in Friedland.\\nMatthew Krause, born in 1720 in Upper Silesia, Germany came\\nto North Carolina in 1755 died in 1762 in Friedland.\\nPeter Kroen, born in 1722 in Eichfeld, Franconia died in 1798\\nin Friedland.\\nChristian David Keehln, born in 1793 in Neisky, Germany;\\ncame to North Carolina in 1818 died in 1859 in Salem.\\nJohn Fred. Kiinzel, born in 1737 in lionigsbach, Germany died\\nin 1802 in Friedland.\\nJacob Fred. Lagenour, born in 1751 in Durlach, Germany died\\nin 1843 in Friedland.\\nJohn Christian Lehman, born in 1770 in Lusatia, Germany.\\nLewis Leinbach, born in 1743 in Oley, Pa.; came to North Caro-\\nlina in 1765 died in 1800 in Bethabara.\\nFrederick Leinbach, born in 1737 in Oley, Pa.; died in 1S21 in\\nSalem.\\nMartin Lick, born in 1726 in Neuwied, Germany came to North\\nCarolina in 1758 died in 1760 in Bethabara.\\nJohn Jacob Loesh (Lash), born in 1722 in Schoharie, _N. Y.;\\ncame to North Carolina in 1753; died in 1782 in Hope, N. J.\\nJacob Mack, born in 1753 in Eeading, Pa.; died in 1836 in\\nDavidson County.\\nCharles Lewis Meinung, born in 1743 in Oley, Pa.: came to North\\nCarolina in 1771 died in 1817 in Salem.\\nJohn Miicke, born in 1749 near Philadelphia; died in 1807 in\\nBethabara.\\nJacob Midler, born in 1721 in Zweibriicken, Germany died in\\n1798 in Bethania.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 101\\nHenry Moss, born in 1751 in Maryland came to Nortli Carolina\\nin 1775 died in 1822 in Friedberg.\\nJacob Noll, born in 1740 near Philadelphia; died in 1811 in\\nBethabara.\\nMatthew Nading, born in 175G in Halifax; died in 1807 in\\nSalem.\\nJohn Gottfried Oehman, born in 1781 in Weissenstein, Livonia,\\nRussia; came to North Carolina in 1819. Died in in\\nSalem.\\nCharles Opiz, born in 1719 in Silesia, Germany came to North\\nCarolina in 1755 died in 1763 in Bethania.\\nJohn Padget, born in 1723 in Charles County, Maryland came\\nto North Carolina in 1775 died in 1811 in Hope.\\nThomas Padget, born in 1752 in Carrol s Manor, ]\\\\Iaryland\\ncame to North Cai olina in 1775 died in 1831.\\nCarsten Peterson, born in 1776 near Flensburg, Denmark came\\nto North Carolina in 1806. Died October, 1858, in iSalem.\\nWilliam Barton Peddicord, born in 1739 in Prince George s\\nCounty, Maryland came to North Carolina in 1775 died in 1807\\nin Hope.\\nPeter PfafF, born in 1727 in Palatinate, Germany came to North\\nCarolina in 1771 died in 1804 in Bethania.\\nJohn Samuel Phillips, born in 1776 in Pennsylvania.\\nJohn Ranke, born in 1737 in Lancaster County, Pa.; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1754 died in 1798 in Bethabara.\\nJohn Christoi^h Reich, born in 1763 in Berks County, Pa.; died\\nin 1824 in Salem.\\nMatthew Reich, born in 1764 in Berks County, Pa.; died in 1829\\nin Salem.\\nJacob Reich, born in 1770 in Orange County, N. C; died in 1827\\nin Friedberg.\\nJohn Reuz (Rights), born in 1752 in Bethlehem, Pa.; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1764 died in 1810 in Salem.\\nJacob Reid, born in 1735 in Baden Durlach came to North\\nCarolina in 1770, from Broad Bay, Maine; died in 1819 in Fried-\\nland.\\nDavid Rominger, born in 1716 in Wurtemberg came to North\\nCarolina, fz om Broad Bay, Maine, in 1769 died in 1777 in Be-\\nthabara.\\nMichael Rominger, born in 1709 in Wurtemberg came to North\\nCarolina, from Broad Bay, in 1770; died in 1803 in Friedland.\\nPhilip Rothrock, born in 1746 in York County, Pa.; died in\\n1825 in Friedberg.\\nPeter Rothrock, born in 1746 in York County, Pa.; died in 1829\\nin Friedberg.\\nJacob Rothrock, born in 1770 in York County, Pa.; died in 1807\\nin Friedberg.\\nJohn Shatlner, born in 1773 in Switzerland; came to North Car-\\nolina in 1818 died in 1854 in Salem.\\nJohn Fred. Schaub, born in 1717 in Switzerland came to North\\nCarolina in 1755 died in 1801 in Bethania.\\nMelchoir Schneider, born in 1717 in Durlach, Germany came to\\nNorth Carolina, from Broad Bay, Maine, in 1770; died in 1790 in\\nFriediand,", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "102 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nHenry Schorr (Shore), born in 1735 in Switzerland came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1756 died in 1S19 in Bethania.\\nJohn Schulz (Shultz), born in 1703 in Basle, Switzerland came\\nto North Carolina in 1760 died in 1788 in Bethania.\\nFred. Henry Schuman, born in 1777 in Gnadau, Germany came\\nto North Carolina in 1808. Died July 4, 1862, in Salem.\\nJohn Michael Seiz (Sides), born in 1737 in Wurtemberg came\\nto Broad Bay, Maine, in 1759, and to North Carolina in 1770 died\\nin 1817 in Friedland.\\nJohn Henry Senseman, born in 1786 in Heidelburg, Pa,; died in\\n1854 in Salem.\\nGottlieb Shober, born in 1756 in Bethlehem, Pa.; came to North\\nCarolina in 1768 died in 1838 in Salem.\\nAdam Spach, born in 1720 in Alsace, Germany came to North\\nCarolina in 1756 died in 1801 in Friedberg.\\nJohn Henry Spoenhaur, born in 1716 in Switzerland came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1755 died in 1788 in Bethania.\\nPaul Christian Stauber, born in 1726 in Frankfurt, Germany\\ncame to North Carolina in 1767 died in 1793 in Bethania.\\nJohn George Stockburger, born in 1731 in Wurtemberg came\\nto North Carolina in 1766 died in 1803 in Salem.\\nCasper f^ltolz, born in 1753 in Pennsylvania; died in 1834 in\\nBethabara.\\nJohn Francis Strup, born in 1716 in Nassau, Germany; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1766 died in 1782 in Bethabara.\\nJohn Strup, born in 1719 in Lauffelfiengen, Germany came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1760; died in 1789 in Bethania.\\nHenry Tesh, born in 1733 in Palatinate came to North Carolina\\nin 1771 died in 1804 in Friedberg.\\nPhilip Transou, horn in 1724 in Palatinate came to North Car-\\nolina in 1762 died in 1792 in Bethania.\\nSamuel Benjamin Vierling, born in 1765 in Rudolstadt, Silesia,\\nGermany came to North Carolina in 1790 died in 1817 in Salem.\\nPhili}) Christoj^her Vogler, born in 1725 in Palatinate came to\\nNorth Carolina, from Broad Bay, Maine, in 1770; died in 1790 in\\nBethania.\\nPeter Voltz, born in 1726 in Alsace, Germany; came to North\\nCarolina in 1768 died in 1806 in Friedberg.\\nAndrew Wageman, born in 1758 in South Carolina; came to\\nNorth Carolina in 1766 died in 1779 in Salem.\\nChristian Andrew Werner, born in 1768 in Randolph County,\\nN. C; died in 1814 in Bethania.\\nMatthew Wesner, born in 1730 in Stuttgart. Wurtemberg came\\nto North Carolina in 1772 died in 1806 in Friedberg.\\nChristian Winkler, born in 1766 in Switzerland came to North\\nCarolina in 1807 died in 1839 in Salem.\\nVan Nseman Zevely, born in 1780 in North Carolina came to\\nSalem in 1798. Died in May, 1863, in Salem.\\nChristian Zimmerman, born in 1726 in Nassau, Germany; came\\nto North Carolina in 1758 died in 1793 in Freiberg.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "NORTII-HESTEUN NORTH CAROLIN A. 103\\nREMARKABLE EVENTS IN MORAVIAN SETTLEMENTS.\\n1753. The following are the names of the nine Brethren, who\\narrived as first settlers\\nJolin Beroth, farmer, from the Susquehanna, Pa.; Jolin Lislier,\\nfarmer Herman Lwsh, miller, from Pennsylvania Jacob Long,\\ngardener, from Wurtemberg Christopher Merkle, baker Erich\\nIngebresten, carpenter, from Norway Henry Feldhausen, carpen-\\nter and hunter Hans Peterson, tailor, from Denmark Jacob\\nPfeil, shoemaker, from Wurtemberg.\\n1757. Among those coming to the Bethabara mill are men-\\ntioned Mr. Shepperd and Mr. Banner.\\nI7G0. Two hives of bees were brought from Tar River, 120\\nmiles, which increased very fast in consequence, many bears\\nmade their appearance in the Fall. In December, immense quan-\\ntities of wild pigeons made their appearance and roosted near by\\nfor nearly a month. When together, at night, they covered only\\na small tract of woods, but were clustered so thick upon the trees\\nas to break down the largest limbs by their weight. The noise\\nmade by them in coming to their camp at night, as well as the\\nfluttering, c., during the night, and their breaking up in the\\nmorning, was heard at a considerable distance. The spot was\\nmarked for many years.\\n1761. January very cold, and thick ice on the mill pond, strong\\nenough to drag heavy logs over it to the saw- mill.\\n1763. In Bethabara and Bethania wells were dug, and the first\\npumps introduced into this part of the country.\\n1765. John Leinbach, with his family of seven children, arrived\\nfrom Oley, Penn., and bought lot No. 1, the so-called Linebach\\ntract.\\n1767. The County Court in Salisbury gave permits for three\\npublic roads, one leading from Salem to the Town Fork and Dan\\nRiver, another to Belew s Creek and the Cape Fear Road, and the\\nthird southward to the Uwharree.\\n1769. Great abundance of wild grapes; nineteen hogsheads of\\nwine were made in the three settlements.\\n1770. Abundance of caterpillars, which destroyed much of the\\ngrass and grain. The place for the burial-ground of Salem was\\ncleared and fenced in. Roads opened to Salisbury and Cross Creek.\\n1771. Much harm done (o the corn by the sfjuirrels, also many\\nbears in the woods.\\n1772. A bell of 2,758 lbs. weight arrived from Pennsylvania\\nthe largest in the neighborhood was used in Salem for meetings,\\nand also served for the town-clock, to announce the hours. In\\nOctober, Br. Beelitscher finished an organ of two stops for Salem.\\nTrombones had been procured from Europe in 1765. A road was\\nlaid out from Salem to the Shallow Ford, which opened communi-\\ncation with Douthid s settlement an old road to Belew s Creek\\nwas re-opened.\\n1778. Dobb s Parish abolished by law no distinctien of reli-\\ngious denominations henceforth. Salem water-works erected by\\nJ. Krause.\\n1780.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Coffee three shillings per pound sugar four shillings.\\n1781. First inoculation of smallpox in Salem.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "104 GUIDE BOOK OF\\n1784. One hundred and one persons in Salem had the measles,\\nonly one child died very hot summer severe freshets many\\nsick of fever and sore throats.\\n1785. Fire engines for Salem brought from Europe.\\n1786. While digging the cellar for addition to Brethren s house,\\nBr. A. Kremser v/as covered and killed by the falling ground.\\n1787. Introduction of lightning-rods in Salem.\\n1789. In Bethabara, English preaching every fourth Sunday.\\n1791. Paper-mill near Salem finished town clock in Salem.\\n1792. Fourteen persons died in Salem in February and March\\nof an epidemic scarlet rash. The mail from Halifax to Salisbury\\npassed through Salem once in two weeks G. Shober, postmaster.\\nA double row of sycamores was planted from the tavern to the\\nbridge on the beach.\\n1795. Great freshet the lower part of the mill under water.\\nWheat cost six shillings, corn four shillings double price.\\n1796. Great freshet in January. Will. Hall, whilst riding to\\nthe mill, was drowned,\\n1797. Preaching places at the Muddy Creek, ten miles, and at\\nBeaver Dam, thirteen miles from Salem.\\n1799. Br. Van Zevely worked a year with Br. Bachman, of\\nLitiz, at the organ of the Salem church, building the outer organ\\ncase.\\n1802. Eighty persons in Salem inoculated with the cow-pox.\\n1803. One hundred and twenty-tive persons in Salem sick of\\nthe measles.\\n1806. The town-clock improved by Br. Eberhard to strike the\\nquarters. Charles F. Bagge built a store house on the road to\\nF riedland, the first house in C harlcstoivn or Waughtmcn.\\n1811. March. Consecration of Ripple s church cupola and\\nbell on Bethabara church.\\n1814. One hundred and twenty persons in Salem sick with the\\nmeasles.\\n1815. Mill on the Brushy Fork. Wool-carding machinery of Br.\\nZevely, the first in this State.\\n1817. Great abundance of peaches and apples.\\n1827. Salem Printing Office established by J. C. Blum.\\n1828. Improvement in the water-works of Salem.\\n1831. By legislative enactment, the freedom from military ser-\\nvice rescinded, which was formerly granted to the Moravians. July\\n4th. Salem volunteer company.\\n1832. New fire-engine from Philadelphia.\\n1833. August 28th. Very destructive hail-storm about four\\nthousand window-panes broken.\\n1837. Salem cotton factory commenced operations in the fall.\\n1840. Woolen factory of F. Fries.\\n1849. Emigration to Iowa. Fifty-one acres of Salem land sold\\nto the county of Forsyth, lor $5 per acre, for the new county-town\\nof Winston.\\n1850. August 25th. Great fi eshet bridge over the Middle\\nFork destroyed. Court-house in Winston finished.\\n1854. Plank-road from Fayetteville to Bethania church in\\nSalem repaired.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA. 105\\n1857. January 18th. Severe snow-storm and intense cold; no\\nmail from the Xortli for nearly two weeks. Separation of town\\nand church officers in Salem, and election of the first municipal\\nofficers, January 5th.\\nTHE SPARKLING CATAAVBA SPEINGS.\\nCATAWBA CO., N. C. DR. E. 0. ELLIOTT, I ROPRIETOR.\\nThe following description of these noted Springs was handed in\\ntoo late to appear in the proper place\\nWhether on account of the wonderful curative properties of its\\nwater, or as a delightfully picturesque summer resort, the Spark-\\nling Catawba Springs is one of the greatest attractions of Western\\nNorth Carolina. Its location is 7 miles N. E. of Hickory, a thriving\\nand wide-awake town on the line of the Western North Carolina\\nRailroad, and about the same distance from Conovor, on the same\\nroad. Through its beautiful meadow-grounds runs the noted\\nSulphur Springs creek, with its cascades and shady coves, joining\\nat a picturesque spot, 2^ miles N. E., the waters of the Catawba\\nriver. Situated on a ridge, with a Northern exposure and in the\\nmidst of a thick jiine grove, with a mingling of hammock growth,\\nthe grounds command a splendid view of the mountains that lie\\nwestward. In the immediate neighborhood rises Barrett s Moun-\\ntain, a spur of the Blue Ridge, far above the frost or thermal line,\\nand about its base are numberless cascades and lover s retreats\\nwhile around the western horizon are to be seen, like sentinels of\\nthe sky, the summits of Grandfather Mountain, Mitchell s, Hawks\\nBill and Table Rock, many miles beyond. From the Castle the\\nvisitor may also see the United States Signal Service Station in\\nWilkes county. Nature has here prepared a feast of scenic loveli-\\nness, while the goddess of health opens her healing fountains to\\nthe sick and the afflicted. There is in reality no spa or water resort\\nwhich more successfully combines in one pleasant whole the cura-\\ntive powers of its waters with an endless panorama of woodland\\nbeauty than does the now celebrated Sparkling Catawba Springs of\\nWestern North Carolina.\\nLocated in a healthy section, convenient to every natural resort\\nof pleasure, whether on the river or in the forest, accessible to all\\nparts of the country, provided with ample accommodations for\\nhundreds of visitors, and superintended by an affable and accom-\\nplished proprietor, who is a jihysician as well as a host, this sum-\\nmer resort will continue to accumulate laurels of praise until its\\nfame shall be spread throughout the Avorld.\\nFrom the principal hotel to the springs is an avenue, some 200\\nyards in length, along which a constant breeze is sweeping, so that\\nin the heat of the day a guest may enjoy the luxury of a dry air\\nbath. The cottages and cabins range in a semi-circle from the\\nhotel to the Castle on the summit of the grounds, and in the bowl-\\nlike valley between them and the springs is a music jiavillion, occu-\\npied by a string-band during the entii-e summer season. Tlie\\nbuildings are shaded by wide-spreading trees of oak and hickory", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "106 GUIDE BOOK OF\\nbenches and chairs are placed in abundance tliroughout the grove\\nfrom the hotel on the summit along the avenue sloping downwards\\nto the springs and along the creek itself, which forms a graceful\\nborder to the grassy lawn spread carpet-like about.\\nThe table is supplied with all the delicacies of the season, the\\nrooms are well furnished and neatly kept, and the individual com-\\nfort of his guests is the constant study of the proprietor.\\nThe larger spring (No. 1), white sulphur, has a temperature of\\n58\u00c2\u00b0, while that of No. 2 (blue sulphur), though separated by the\\nshort space of 10 feet is 61\u00c2\u00b0. One mile beyond this, and accessible\\nto the guests, is a newly discovered spring, which is similar to the\\nold one. Two hundred yards below springs No. 1 and 2 is a bath-\\nhouse 25 feet square and with a deiJth of 4^ feet, where a shower,\\nwarm, tepid, cold or plunge bath may be had at any hour of the\\nday. An analysis of the water is Jiow being made but is not ready\\nfor insertion with this very brief account of North Cai olina s great-\\nest and most favored water resort.\\nA few instances of remai kable cures effected by this water may\\nbe added in outline, and the names of the parties benefittad can\\nbe furnished at any time.\\nA child, aged 7 years, which had .suftered for years from an at-\\ntack of paralysis of the lower extremities, was brought to the\\nSprings in an almost helpless condition. Its virine could not be\\nretained and the foecal discharges were forced. Its Northern\\nphysician despaired of the case and yet after a stay of 18 months,\\nwith constant use of water from spring No. 1, the child was fully\\nand permanently cured. No medicine vised. On. its arrival, the\\nchild was drawn about in a small carriage on its departure it\\ncould walk as well as any one. In two months time after its arrival\\nthere was a perceptible improvement, such as the control of its\\nurine and natural foscal discharges. Since grown into manhood,\\nthe grateful patient returned on a visit of thankfulness and\\nrejoicing.\\nA gentleman from Alabama, afflicted with chronic rheumatism,\\narrived at the Springs in an exhausted condition, I have come,\\nsaid he, to die and be buried. After using the bath and water\\nNo. 1, he convalesced and was permanently cured.\\nA feeble and desiDondent consumptive who refused to drink the\\nspring water on his arrival, was induced to test its virtues, and after\\na sojourn of two months returned to his family in the full posses-\\nsion of robust health.\\nStill more marked and wonderful was the case of a patient in an\\nadvanced stage of tubercular consumption. By regular bathing\\nand the use of water from spring No. 1, he was restored to health.\\nThe case of a stubborn and long standing dyspepsia is another\\nproof of the curative powers of spring No. 1, the cure having\\nbeen effected within two months time.\\nInstances of successful treatment of sores, tetter, c., by the\\nuse of water from spring No. 2 might be enumerated.\\nThe constitutional elements of the water are lithia, iodine, lime,\\nmagnesia, oxide of iron, silica, carbonic and sulphuric acid. The\\nexact quantitative analysis will soon be given to the world, and\\nthe Old North State may well be proud of possessing such a beau-\\ntiful and health restoring medium for the benefit of human kind.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "NORTII-^VESTERN NORTH CAROLINA.\\n107\\nFor more than a century the medicinal property of these waters\\nhas been known. The Indians resorted hither from the everglades\\nof Florida and the savannahs of Georgia. The deer of the forest\\nfound refi eshment and renewed vigor by bathing in and drinking\\nthe water, and many rude settlers of our early history gathered\\nhere in numbers, built their plain log cabins and found health\\nagain in these ever-bubbling waters. And to-day, keeping pace\\nwith the advance of civilization, the now beautiful and improved\\ngrounds in whose bosom the waters of the Sparkling Catawba\\nSprings are ever welling, invite the seeker of pleasure and the\\nvictim of disease to a feast of loveliness and smiling health.\\nDISTANCES FROM SALEM TO SEVERAL TOWNS IN\\nNORTH-WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThe following routes and distances from Salem to several towns\\nin this section, including houses of entertainment, arc as nearly\\ncorrect as Ave could get them. The routes are mostly off the Rail\\nRoads, and the points designated can be reached best by those\\nnamed.\\nFro7n Salem to Jefferso)i, via Wilkesboro\\nmiles.\\nLewisville,\\nConi ad s Ferry 6\\nConrad s Store 2\\nYadkinville, 10\\nDowel town, 1\\nNew Castle, 16\\nDelaplaine, 8\\nWilkesboro Yadkin River, 9\\nReddie s River, 11\\nBlue Ridge Pike, 2\\nJefFer5on, New River, 20\\nJefferson to North Fork. 14\\nTaylorsville, 14\\nAbingdon, Va. 28\\nFrom Wilkesboro you can reach\\nmountain scenery.\\nmiles.\\n12\\n18\\n20\\n30\\n31\\n47\\n55\\n64\\n75\\n77\\n97\\n111\\n125\\n153\\nHotels, Residences.\\nJ. C. Conrad.\\nConrad s Store.\\nThos. Phillips.\\nT. C. Hauser.\\nCapt. John Cooper.\\nSamelton Cranor.\\nCol. A. G. Whittington.\\nFarrar Calbert.\\nFrank Harden.\\nI). Worth.\\nWm. Wagoner.\\nHotels.\\nPatterson, Lenoir and all the\\nJefferson to Ashcville, via Burnsville\\nBeaver Creek,\\nElk Cross Roads,\\nBoone, Watauga, Co.,\\nBakersville, Mitchell Co.,\\nBurnsville, Yancey Co.,\\nAsheville, Buncombe Co,,\\nmiles, miles. Hotels, Private Houses.\\n11\\n10\\n58\\n30\\n30\\nMagnificent scenery all along\\n4\\n15\\n25\\n83\\n113\\n143\\nthe route,\\nG. H. Hamillon.\\nCapt. Lovell.\\nCoffee Brothers.\\nHotels.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "108\\nGUIDK\\nBOOK OF\\nSalem to\\nJefferson via Jonesville.\\nmiles.\\nmiles.\\nPrivate Houses k Hotels,\\nGlenn s Feny,\\n14\\nEast Bend,\\n8\\n22\\nR. C. Poindexter.\\nNebo,\\n10\\n32\\nJames Myers.\\nBooneville,\\n35\\nJohn Williams.^^\\nDr. Benham.\\nJonesville,\\n9\\n44\\nElkin,\\n1\\n45\\nHotel.\\nRoaring Gap, (Blue Ridge\\n,)14\\n59\\nFinley Gentry.\\nNick s Cabins,\\n8\\n67\\nWilliams Hunti g Lodge,\\nAlleghany Court House,\\n9\\n76\\nWm. Harden.\\nLaurel Springs,\\n12\\n88\\nJohn Greer.\\nOre Knob Copper Mine,\\n4\\n92\\nHotel.\\nNew River,\\n98\\nJefferson,\\n4\\n102\\nFrank Harden.\\nSalem to Jefferson, via Dobson, Surry County.\\nmiles, miles. Private Houses Hotels.\\nThom s Lash,\\nD. N. Dalton, Pilot Mt.\\nR. E. M. C. Reeves.\\nCooi^er Brothers.\\nT. J. Kapp.\\nMr. Woodruff.\\nWill Harden.\\nDaniel Jones.\\nF. Harden.\\nOld Town,\\n6\\nBethania,\\n3\\n9\\nDal ton 3\\n11\\n20\\nSiloam,\\n12\\n32\\nDobson, Surry C. H.\\n17\\n49\\nKapp s Mills\\n8\\n57\\nThompson s Gap,\\n8\\n65\\nGap Civil,\\n17\\n82\\nPrather s Creek,\\n10\\n92\\nJefferson,\\n15\\n107\\nSalem to Wytheville, Va.\\nmiles, miles. Private Houses Hotels.\\nOld Town,\\n6\\nBethania,\\n3\\n9\\nLash s.\\nDal ton s\\n11\\n20\\nD. N. Dalton s. Pilot.\\nTom s Creek,\\n10\\n30\\nMrs. Gordon.\\nMt. Airy,\\n11\\n41\\nHotels and Bd. House.?.\\nFancy Gap,\\n15\\n56\\nV. Mitchell.\\nHillsville,\\n9\\n65\\nW. T. Thornton.\\nCranberry Plains,\\n6\\n71\\nJohn Early.\\nNew River,\\n9\\n80\\n.lackson Brothers.\\nWytheville,\\n15\\n95\\nHotels.\\nSalem to Danbury,\\nPiedmont Springs,\\nMoore s Knob, Cascade.\\nmiles.\\nmiles.\\nPrivate Houses Hotels,\\nWalnut Cove,\\n15\\nDr. W. A. Lash.\\nDanbury,\\n13\\n28\\nDr. McCanless, S. Taylor.\\nPiedmont Springs,\\n2i\\n30i\\nHotel and Cabins.\\nCascade,\\n2\\n32J\\nMoore s Knob,\\n2\\n34^-", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "NORTH-WESTERN XORTH CAROLINA. 109\\nSaJeni to Siatesville,\\nmiles, miles. Private Houses Iloteis.\\nClemmonsville, 11\\nHall s Ferry, 2 13 C. A. Hall.\\nSmith Grove Camp Ground 7 20\\nHolman s 5 25 Holman s\\nCounty Line 12 37\\nStatesville, 10 47 Simonton other Hotels\\nOr by N. C. Railroad to Salisbury, and by Western N, C. Railroad\\nto Statesville.\\nFrom Statesville you reach Morgauton by Railroad, or on the\\npublic roads, crossing the Catawba at Little s Ferry, passing by\\nHickory and Happy Home. From Morganton you can reach Le-\\nnoir, and from thence to Grandfather Slountain, Blowing Rook\\nand the beautiful valleys which abound in this magnificent country.\\nAshe and Wilkes counties can also be reached from this section.\\nFrom Morganton you reach Asheville, via Marion, Catawba Ri-\\nver, Pleasant Gardens, Old Fort, Henry s, on the Blue Ridge,\\nAlexander s. Here you can turn to the Black Mountains, stopping\\nat a good hotel at their base.\\nThe i)ublishers are indebted for favors to Bishop De Schweinitz,\\nCol. R. L. Patterson, Mr. J. G. Veach, and others mention-\\ned elsewhere, of Salem Judge Cilley, of Lenoir, Mr. A. H.\\nHorton and Mr. Hackett of Wilkes Mr. J. G. Hall and Professor\\nHumphreys, of Hickory Messrs. Lindsay and Kluge of Rocking-\\nham Mr. Rawley of Mount Airy, and Mr. L. B. Waller of Winston.\\nIn preparing matter, the publishers consulted the following\\nauthorities Moravians in North Carolina, (out of print.)\\nWheeler s History of North Carolina, and the Tabulated State-\\nment of Industi ies and Resources of North Carolina. by Commis-\\nsioner Polk.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "Established in 1840.\\nFt) ^s^%\\nSALEM, N C,\\nManufacture and Sell,\\nWHOLESALE AND RETAIL\\nJeans, Kerseys, Cotton Yarns, Sheetings,\\nFLOUR, MEAL, c., c.\\nWOOL, carded, greased and\\npicked,\\nJEANS, finished and dyed in\\ngood style\\nCLOTHING,SHAWLS,CARPET\\nWARPS c., colored,\\nSEINE TWINE, WRAPPING-\\nTWINE, STOCKING YARN,\\nCOARSE SEWING THREAD.\\nBED LAPS for Quilts,\\nWOOL ROLLS,\\nALWAYS FOR SALE.\\nBuy WOOL, COTTON, WOOD,\\nand everything else in our\\nUline, at full prices.\\nThe best equipped MACHINE\\nSHOP in this part of the State,\\nfor new or repairing work on\\nSTEAM ENGINES, SAW and\\nGRIST MILLS, THRESHERS,\\nREAPERS, CORN-SHELLERS,\\nc., c., c.\\nOIL,\\nHOOP IRON,\\nMACHINERY\\nPIPE and FITTINGS for\\nSteam and Water.\\nBRASS VALVES and COCKS,\\nBARBIT METAL and ZINC,\\nGUM PACKING in Sheets,\\nGaskets or Round, c., c.\\nA.T\\nWachovia Flouring Mills,\\nFOR\\nCUSTOM AND MERCHANT WORK,\\nWe have a very large storage room, which is for the use of our\\nfriends and patrons. Corn, Wheat and other grain always bought\\nat highest market prices for cash.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "s\\n.J\u00c2\u00a5 ort Incest\\nof the\\nConrt-House,\\nTwo Doors\\nabove the\\nPost Omce.\\nTV^ITVSTOTV, TV. O.,\\nIS THE PLACE TO GET\\nPURE DRUGS\\nAT THE\\nLOWEST PRICES.\\nSTOCK KEPT COMPLETE BY FREftUE^T ARRIVALS.\\nPRESCRIPTION DEPARTMENT filled: witli the best selected\\nmaterial.\\nBRUSHES, FANCY ARTICLES, TOBACCO AND CIGARS.\\nReferences Drs. II. T. Bahnson, II. W. Bynum, Preston Koau\\nR. D. Hay, N. S. Sieweis, R. F. Oray.\\nthat a hearty welcome\\nalways awaits you at\\n1", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "w\\nE intend in the future, as in the past, to give our undivided\\nattention to the manufacturin^r of our\\nto see that the work is done in the most thorough manner, and\\nmaking such improvements as will add to the efficiency and value\\nof our wagons to our customers.\\nHaving a large stock of SEASONED LUMBEE, IMPROVED\\nMACHINERY and TOOLS, and the BEST WAGON MECHANICS\\nto be procured, enables us to do\\nSUPERIOR WORK\\nat the VERY LOWEST PRICES, where material and workman-\\nship are taken in consideration.\\nWe are prepared to make any kind of WAGONS, and shall be\\npleased to hear from all in need of anything in our line, and will\\npromptly forward them prices on application,\\nRespectfully,\\nThe ^issen MaiiufactuiiDg Company.\\np. 0. Address, Salem, Forsyth Co. Shops, Waughtown, N. C.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "^^s^^T^^ ^WT^ ^\\\\r5 f\\n:l ;liii^ ^16\u00e2\u0082\u00aci^^\\nPATTERSON CO.,\\nOF\\n(losire to call Ihc attention of all persons interested to their\\nlarge and varied assortment of\\nO-OOIDS,\\nembracing every article used in this section of country.\\nThe prices charged are low, and the QUALITY of the GOODS\\nunsurpassed.\\nThe firm is composed of If. W. FRIES and R. L. PATTERSON\\nand has existed since 1867.\\nThe presentVtook is largely increased over former years, and\\nDRESS AND FANCY GOODS, CLiRPETS,\\nOIL CLOTHS, UMBRELLAS, c.,\\nare made specialties.\\nOrders solicited. Samples furnished on application. Every\\nfacility known to the trade will ))e u^^ed to oblige customers.\\nSalem, N. 0., Juno 1. 187^.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "TO THE TRAVELING PUBLIC,\\nD. N. DALTON S STAGE leaves Salem and\\nWinston DAITjY (except Sunday) at 7 A. M. for\\nMT. AIRY, WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS, and\\nPIEDMONT SPRINGS. Careful drivers and\\ngood teams. Passengers dine at Dalton s.\\nPilot Mountain in full view.\\nFare to Mt. Airy $3 50\\nMt. Airy White Sulphur Springs 3 50\\nPiedmont Springs 3 00\\nDi Y. O. THOMPSON,\\nWHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALER IK\\nPATENT MEDICINES,\\nLE^DS, OILS,\\nPAINTS, c., e., c.,\\nVT-iisrsTOisr, isr. c.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "h-\\nCO\\nCD\\n53 5\\no\\nP3\\no\\ns\\nCfq\\no\\nH-\\nw o\\nI C\\ns\\np w\\nS 3 O\\nJ- s\\no tJ\\no\\nU\\nS3-\\no\\no\\nd\\no\\no\\nO\\nO\\n2\\nHi\\no", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "J. K. PIERCE, I H. HANES. R. D. BROWK,\\nOf Lash s Warehouse. Of P. H. Hanes C u. Of Brown Bro.\\n\\\\jm\\nWith our last new addition making LASH H the\\nbest arranged, best lighted and most complete\\nLeaf Tobacco Warehouse\\nin the State. We cordially invite you to give us a\\ntrial. We can give you advantages in handling and\\nselling your Tobacco no other house can give you in\\nWinston\\nOur advantages for taking care of and making our\\npatrons comfortable are not surpassed by any.\\nAll inquiries about the market cheerfully given.\\nWe strive to please our patrons.\\nCome and see us when you visit Winston with or\\nwithout Tobacco. We will always welcome you.\\nYour friends,", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "PIEDMONT WAREHOUSE\\nWINSTON, N. C.\\nriEDMONT AVAREHOUSE is daily growing in popular favor\\nwith Tobacco growers throughout the couotry, as is shown by the\\nincreasing patronage to the House.\\nP1ED31()I\\\\T IS THE LARGEST XM BEST LUillTEJ)\\nHOISE O WINSTON.\\nIt contains 14,200 square feet of IJoor room.\\nIt is the only WAEEHOUSE with two MAIN ENTRANCES,\\nand is the best arranged for receiving and unh:)ading wagons.\\nWhether Tobacco is high or low. we guarantee tiie highest\\nmarket prices.\\nWe have one of the\\nBEST AUCTIONEERS\\nin the State, who will always work hard to get you top prices.\\nOur employees arc all polite and courteous to each and every\\nfarmer.\\nRemember the )iamo, PIEDMOl^ T, when you come to\\nWinston. Yours truly.\\nNORFLEET VAUGHN,\\nPROPRIETORS.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "OV THK\\nN. C. State Life Insurance Company,\\nDECEMBER 31, 1877.\\nF- H. CAMERON, ...Presidknt.\\nW. E. ANDERSON, Vice President.\\nW. 11. HICKS, Secretary and Treasurer.\\nDr. E. burke HAYWOOD, Medical Director.\\nFinaiice Conimittee\\nW. ANDERSON President Citizen s National Hank.\\nJOHN G. WILLIAMS State\\nJUHN C. BLAKE Cashier Raleigh\\nINCUMK,\\nroUcv I leiiiiuins, f- 44,;8S 3u\\nliitci-est), S,tri is\\nTotal income, 5o,U15 lis\\nEXPENSES OF MANAGEMENT,\\n(.fiiernl Expenses, medical fees, salaries, taxes, printing anil advertising,\\nAttorney s fees, commissions, c., ^18,5^3 V\\nDISBURSEMENTS TO FOLIC V HOLDERS.\\nraid doatli claims IS.dlKi iv\\ncasli surrender values, jriiMHi\\ndividends a.lUi 01\\nTotal outgo 3S \u00c2\u00bb19 50\\nASSETS AND INVESTMENTS.\\nsi ocks, Bonds and mortgages, i;241,n:\u00c2\u00ab\\nI initcd States bonds lii,!\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00ab a.T\\nLoans secured by collaterals and bills receivable, Vi. iW (Hi\\nDeferred CaBh premiums, (semi-annual and quarterly) 4,232 o;\\nottioo furniture and supplies (home and aRencics) l.lWi K4\\nrash in hands of Agents and in transitu 2,792^1)9\\nCasli on hand and In bank 5,208 52\\nInterest due and accrued on mortgages, fcc 1,594 55\\n^280,085 73\\nDeduct capital stock retired during the year 14,420 45\\nTotal assets $265,665 28\\nLIABILITIES.\\nLosses reported but not yet due 3,207 00\\nKeserve necessary to re-insure all risks (5,854 14\\nTotal liabilities 79,061 11\\nSurplus to policy holders 186,604 14\\nS265,665 28\\nOFFICE OF SECHETARV OF STATE.\\nInsurance Department.\\nKalEIGH, N. C, Al RIL (i, 1878.\\nI cerlifv that in compliance with the laws of the State, I have this day completed a\\nuKist riKiil |(i rsonal examination of the books and att airs of the North Carolina State\\nI,ile lii\u00c2\u00bburan(-e Company. I lind that the Company has complied in tlie fullest manner\\nwith all the requirements of the law. Tlie Company s securities and investments are of\\nthe most unquestionable character and its business and affairs are in a highly prosper-\\nous condition. JOS. A. ENGLEHAliD,\\nSecretary of State.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "IT IS ESTIMATED\\nTJiai out of the whole number of persons insured under (ieiier. il\\nAccident Policies, a claim has been paid to One in\\nSeventeen for Accidental Injury or Death.\\nACCIDENTS WILL HAPPEN!\\n-THEREFOEK-\\nINSURE AGAINST THEM\\nKY TAKIN^T OrT A YK.VRI,Y POLICY IX THF:\\nMOBILE LIFE\\nOP MOBILE, ALA.\\nMaurice McCarthy. President.\\nir. M. FiiiENi) Secrktary.\\nApply to Railroad Agents or Hotel Offices\\nfor Accident Tickets.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "JZj. .xiL.. r-1 1 r^ M r-r. JL.\\nJjF.ALER IX\\nGENERAL MERCHANDISE,\\nAND BUYER OF\\nCOUNTRY PRODUCE,\\nMAIN STEEET, SALEM, N. C\\nWINSTON MARBLE WORKS.\\n(YARD ON SECOND ST., NEAR BAPTIST CHURCH.)\\nTOMBSTOiXES, MOj\\\\UME^TS, c.,\\nlO per cent, cheaper than any yard in the State. Call to see\\nus and save money.\\nAVINSTON, N. C.\\nBLUM S\\nSALEM PRINTING OFFICE\\nIS SUl PTJED WITH A\\nTO EXECUTE ALL GRADES OF\\nAND UPON THE\\nMOST ^i^g@ISt^BLi Ti iHS.\\nNOTE We are indebted to E. B. Drake, of the Siaiesville Amer-\\nican, and Mr. Pepper, of the Danbiiry liepor/.er for favor=.", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "\u00e2\u0080\u00a2SOUTH-WEST COHXEK COlJlfT-lfOl SE SQUAIJK.\\nW^HsTBTOIsr, isr. c.\\nI ll is long known and well established Hotel is situato l in the\\ncentre of business and is convenient to the\\nWAREPIOITSEtS;\\nIf AS HEKN\\nThoroughly Renovated,\\nand this combined with its low rates and\\nCENTRAL LOCATION,\\nvenders it in every respect one of the\\nMOST iSlMBlB imS III TOM\\nFirst Class Table Daily Supplied\\nwith the best the market afTords.\\n)^INTHU8 AND BACIGAGE VVA(^()N :sri:ET\\nALL TRAINS.\\nP. A. WILSON, Proprietor.\\nn n\\nu", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "S. E. ALLEIs^,\\nA(iEXT FOi;\\nFairbanks Standard Scales,\\nand Wholesale and Retail Dealer in\\nHARDWAEE,\\nHEADQUARTERS FOB\\nIron, Nails, Horse and Mule Shoes,\\nHope, Buggy, Wagon, Carriage\\nand Builders Material,\\nCARPENTERS BLACKSMITHS AND MECHANICS TOOLS,\\nFarming Tools mu\\\\ Implements a specialty.\\nWINSTON, N. C.\\nSALEM BOOK STOEE,\\nSchool iiscellaneous Books,\\nGENERAL STATIONERY\\nAND FANCY AETICLES,\\nALWAYS ON HAND.\\nSalem, N. C. L. V, E. T. BLUM.\\nTHE PEOPLE S PRESS,\\nIN ITS 26th YEAB,\\nIS PUBLISHED WEEKLY, AT SALEM, N. C,\\nBY L. V. E. T. BLXJjyt,\\nAT $2 00 A YEAR. DISCOUNT TO CLUBS.\\n275 83 4 t", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3184", "width": "1522", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3184", "width": "1522", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "-itit\\n-0^\\no\\n^v*", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "1^ AUG 83\\nN. MANCHESTER,\\nINDIANA 46962", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "ssayoNoo do Ayvyan", "height": "3189", "width": "1657", "jp2-path": "guidebookofnwnor00sale_0140.jp2"}}