{"1": {"fulltext": "F 264\\n.Rl B32\\nCopy 1", "height": "3322", "width": "2069", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "C !^L\\nc c\\nre\\nKC .c C\\nZ c.cT S\\nc: ev c: .c\\nc c c\\n-d cc_\\ns c_ d \u00c2\u00abS .c\\ncc cc dc:\\nS^ S\\nC d: Cd d C\\nd^-\u00c2\u00ab- *^v- c; i\\nd: d\\nciv\\nC d;dc\\ndCd C\\nZ C;cC \u00e2\u0096\u00a0p.A\\nd c di^ c.\\nV\\nCcc d cr.c\\n2 C- d\\nddci-\\ndc-S\\n\u00c2\u00ab?tr--*\\ndC d\\n^n\\nd. c c\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Qx-Cd\\ni d.\\n\u00c2\u00abd ,.d\\nd d\\nd d\\nd\\nCC d\\nd ^^C\\nr ^d c:: c^-\\nd d diC\\nc: c dd d^c:\\nLIBRARY OF CONGRESS.\\nPRESENTED BY\\nUNITED STATES OF AMERIOA.\\n-Tec: vT\\nr\\nc\\nc\\nr\\nc\\nC\\nc\\nc\\nc\\nc\\nr\\nr\\nCL C c\\nrr.fCL- d dr\\n\u00c2\u00abi^ cd.\\nd\\nrvscT- *d\\nc d:_.d. C, c/\\nc^ dc^ cd,\\n..-ccri^dc c\u00c2\u00ab:.\\nd *c c i\\n^_^ d.cs^c. c._\\n^-S\\nc\u00c2\u00abl CL C\\nc\u00c2\u00abz: c c\\nc*:;: d c\\nc c\\nc r d c\\ncr.-^c\\nt.\\nCC\\nt-\\nCsC.\\ncci a\\n(^vC\\nL_:.\\nC_tl\\nA e\\nc:\\nCvd.\\nd:\\nCi\\n3C\\nC^ -d\\n.d_\\n,c:\\ntIS S-\\n\u00e2\u0082\u00acL\\nc\\n\u00c2\u00ab^cx^\\nQc L Lc\\nC \u00c2\u00ab_CC.\\nC^CXd\\nxr t\u00c2\u00abr ^TT", "height": "3164", "width": "2074", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "lc\\nt\\ndc.\\n.c\\n.V\\nc;o;-, r-\\nC C\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2.c\\nCTCCCC\\n^55\\nc cr\\n\u00c2\u00abr C\\nC\\nC\\nC\\nCd\\n.dd CC\\n-r lev c\\n^r cc^t\\nJl CJC4.\\nit: c c\\nm.\\nc CT c C\\neC\\ncc: C^,", "height": "3164", "width": "2074", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "SKETCHES\\nOF THE\\nEJLK.1-. HIISTOE.^^\\nOF THE\\nCITY OF RALEIGH,\\nCENTENNIAL ADDRESS.\\nFOURTH OF JULY, 1876,\\nBY\\nHON. kp:iMP p. battle,\\nDET.IVKRKD AT THE RKQUIOST (IK\\nTHE HC)AKI OF ALOIOHMEN.\\nRALFJGJI:\\nTHE HALEIOH NEWS STEAM JOli JMUNT.\\n1877.", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "SKKTCHES\\nOF TJIE\\nE^IE^Il. HIISTOI^IZ\\nOF THE\\nCITY OF RALEIGH.\\nCENTENNIAL A DDRESS,\\nFOUETH OF JULY, 1876,\\nTIY\\nHON. KEMP P. BATTLE,\\nPEMVEREI) AT THK RKQUEST OK J HE i{OAH] OF ALDERMEN.\\nRALEIGH\\nTHE RALEIGH NEWS STEAM JOB PEINT.\\n^1877.", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "V", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "CORRESPONDE NOE.\\nRaleigh, N. C, July 5th, 1870.\\nHon. Kemp P. Battle.\\nDear Sir: In behalf of the Board of Aldermen and the\\ncitizens of Raleigh, we respectfully ask for a copy of your\\nexcellent address on the 4tli inst. for publication.\\nVery respectfuhy,\\nJ. C. S. LUMSDEN,\\nJouN Armstrong,\\nWm. E. Anderson,\\nJos. H. Green,\\nP. C. Flemming.\\nRaleigh, July 6th, 1870.\\nMessrs. J. C. S. Lumsden and others, Committee,\\nGentlemen ^Your comnnmication, requesting a copy of\\nmy address of the 4th inst. for publication, is to hand.\\nThough the address was prepared while I was under great\\npressure of business in other matters, and is not so full as\\nI could have wished it, I herewith send you a copy thereof,\\nwhich you are at liberty to use at your discretion,\\nVery respectfully,\\nKemp P. Battle.", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "REMARKS OF DR. GRISSOM.\\nMr. Battle was introduced to the audience by Dr.\\nEugene Grissom, Superintendent of the Insane Asylum of\\nIS orth Carolina, in the following language, in substance\\nMr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen We have\\na,ssembled here to-day in obedience to a solemn recom-\\nmendation of the Senate and House of Representatives\\nof the United States, with executive approval, and in\\nconcert with millions of our fellow-citizens, to celebrate\\nthe Centennial Anniversary of the Declaration of Amer-\\nican Independence, and to dedicate a page of histor}^ to\\nthe progress of an hundred years an independence pro-\\nclaimed by the people and statesmen of an age charac-\\nterized by purity, patriotism and ability, and achieved\\niifter a pn)tracted contest in which the resources of the\\ncountry, both of blood and treasure, were freely otfered\\nand well nigh exhausted.\\nWhatever of glory or of good attaches to that event is\\nlargely shared by North Carolina. And whatever of\\ngratification for the material prosperity flowing therefrom,\\nto any part of the common countr}^ is a legacy of com-\\nmon inheritance.\\nI congratulate you that the task of analyzing the his-\\ntory of this locality has been assigned to one so well\\nqualified for its performance, and so acceptable to public\\napproval to one whose well-merited reputation for\\nscientific attainment, literary acquirement and profes-\\nsional ability, together with all the accomplishments and\\ngraces of tlie patriot, the gentleman, the scholar and the", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "(6)\\nchristian, extends far beyond the limits of state linesy\\nand is eherislied as the common pride and common prop-\\nerty of the community in which he lives, and the section\\nthat gave him birth. Hon. Kemp P. Battle, whose name\\na household word, will address you. Let us hear him r.", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "MB. BxVTTLE^S ADDKESS.\\nFkllow-Citizens I appear before you, designated by\\nthe Board of Aldermen of the city of Raleigh, in accord-\\nance with an Act of Congress and the proclamation of the\\nPresident thereupon, to deliver an address on the history\\nof the city of Raleigh. The time allowed me has been\\nshort, tilt materials for the construction of such a sketch\\nare not easily accessible, and the difficulty of the under-\\ntaking is increased by the destruction of the records of\\nthe city in 18G5, when Sherman s army entered Raleigh,\\nStill, believing that if I should refuse, probably the v. ork\\nwould be undone, I have, as far as other demands on\\nmy time which could not be omitted or postponed, allow-\\ned, done my best to aid in perpetuating facts in the\\nhistor} of our city which neitlier we nor our posterity\\nsiiould allow to be forgotten.\\nTne task is all tlie more difficult because it is demand-\\ned to compress these facts about the past into the limits\\nof a single address material worthy of a volume into a\\nslender pamphlet.\\nIt is within the spirit of this (Centennial [)eriod to recall\\nevents long since passed. I therefore will not chronicle\\nrecent transactions, within your own memories. I will\\n]iot attempt a complete history of our city. I will only\\nendeavor to perpetuate what is in danger of passing into\\noblivion.\\nHISTORY OF WAKK.\\nIt is to be regretted that no special effort is to be made\\nto unfold the history of Wake county. I hope this will", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "(8)\\nbe done hereafter. The Centennial of Raleigh has not\\nyet arrived. The Centennial of Wake has passed.\\nThe county of Wake was born in stormy times.\\nA little over one hundred years ago, on the IGth of May,\\n1771, the roar of cannon in battle was heard for the first\\nirae in the forests of Middle North Carolina. One army,\\n1,200 disciplined troops, was led by the Governor of the\\nProvince, and under him were able officers. On the other\\nside were 2,000 half-armed men without experienced\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0officers, unprovided with artiller\\\\ In tliis fight between\\nRoyalists and Regulators the victory was with the former,\\nand in Hillsboro, where now are the beautiful grounds\\nof Mr. Paul Cameron, six of the leaders met the fate of\\nfelons on the gallows. Their deluded followers were dis-\\npersed and the war of the Regulation was ended. What\\nwas the cause of this fratricidal contest?\\nOf all forms of oppression the hardest to bear patiently\\nis the payment of onerous taxes and other exactions to\\nalien officers, to be expended at points distant from the tax\\npayers, and for objects for which they have no sympathy.\\nSuch levies in our Saviour s time, for the sensual luxuries of\\nRoman Emperors, caused the names of tax gatherers (or\\npublicans) to be synonymous with robbers. It w^as the hard\\nand grinding sheriffs and other officers, with an occasional\\nlawyer like Fanning, who drove so many from Granville\\nto the mountains into the war of the Regulation.\\nI revious to 1770 the county of Rowan covered nearly\\nall the territory west of the Yadkin, and a portion east of\\nthat river. Orange adjoined it on the east and was of\\nextensive area. The Regulators were widely scattered\\nthroughout all this country. To prevent combinations\\namong them, Gov. Tryon, who had great abilities as a\\nstatesman, procured the incorporation of four new oounties.\\nOn the east, out of parts of Orange, Johnston and Cumber-\\nland he erected Wake, and called it after the maiden name\\nof his wife the Countv of Wake and Parish of St. Mar-", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "(0)\\ngaret s. Tradition hath it that her sister, Miss Estlier\\nWake, was the chief lobhy member who so turned the\\nheads of our impressible ancestors by her rare beauty and\\naccomplishments, that they voted $100,000 out of tlieir\\nmeagre stores for a grand Governor s palace at Newbern\\na measure so unpopular afterwards as to be one of the\\nprinciple causes of the disaii ection to the government. It\\nwas a proof of the gallantry of our forefathers, even in\\nthe midst of war, that when, in 1770, they expunged trom\\nthe list of counties the hated name of Tryon and substituted\\nthose 4)f Rutherford and Lincoln, they allowed the name\\nof the beautiful Miss Wake to remain.\\nIn the same vear, notwithstandins; the sriant arm of Pitt\\nwas no longer wielding the forces of England, from mo-\\ntives of policy, Governor Tryon gave to the district through\\nwhich flow the waters of the Haw and Deep rivers, as a\\npeace offering, the name of Chatham, with its county seat at\\nPittsborough.\\nWhile Tryon thus conciliated one party, he neglected\\nnot to pay court to the rising sun. He called one of the\\nother counties created then after the Earldom of Guil-\\nford, of which the new prime minister, Lord North, was\\nthe heir apparent, and the fourth after the sliire of Surry\\nin England of which Guilford is the county seat.\\nOur county thus formed, although honored with the\\nname of the Governor s wife, did not hesitate to cast in her\\nlot with the other colonists. At the Provincial Congress\\nof 20th August, 1775, which took measures for effectual\\nresistance, appeared her delegates: Joel Lane, John Ilinton,\\nTheophilus Hunter, Michael Rogers, Tignal Jones, John\\nHead and Thomas Ilines, honored names in our county,\\nmany of whose descendants are among us now.\\nBut time does not allow me to detail the part taken by\\nthe county of Wake in the great struggle, suffice it to say\\nthat our county sustained without faltering the great cause\\nof independence, sharing in the dangers and privations of", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "(10)\\nthe period, rejoicing with her whole soul in the final\\nvictory.\\nA copy of the charter of Wake county may be found\\nrecorded in our Clerk s office. It is signed by Gov. Tryon\\nat Newbern, May 22, 1771. The first court was held in\\na log building, on the open ground fronting the residence\\nof Miss Kate Boylan, on the 4th June 1771. The place\\nwas then called Bloombury. Probably some poetical\\nsentimentalist of the day coined the name but the times\\nwere too stormy for flowers and blooms and soon we find\\nthe county seat is called Wake Court House, and this\\nso cr tinned until it merged into Raleigh in 1794.\\nBut I mu-t hasten to my immediate task.\\nA MIGRATORY CAPITAL.\\nThe settlement of North Carolina has one striking pe-\\nculiarity. In most of the States, streams of emigrants\\narrived successively at the same ports and flowed into\\nthe interior along the same highways. But the early\\nsettlers of North Carolina came into its limits along dif-\\nferent routes and made divers centres of colonization.\\nThey spread from those centres on the right hand and on\\nthe left, by natural increase and by accessions from\\nabroad. Thus the emigrants from England eitlier direct-\\nly from the mother countiy, or from Virginia, spread\\nover the Northeastern or Albemarle section, and as far\\nWest as the upper waters of the Tar and the Neuse. Ger-\\nmans and Swiss under DeGraffenried transferred the\\n]iame of Berne to tlie town at the confluence of the\\nNeuse and the Trent. Cavaliers iVom England and\\nl/uguenots from France swarmed along the lov/er Cape\\nFear and pressed northward along the Pee Dee and the tri-\\nbutaries of the Santee. Kinsmen of tiie brave Scotch-\\nIrish, who defended Londonderry with a heroism unex-\\nampled for human endurance, and Lutheran Germans,", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "(11)\\nwho had fled from the atrocities of Louis XIV iu the\\nPalatinate, took possession of the larger parts of the val-\\nleys of the Haw, the Yadkin and the Catawba. Flora\\nMcDonald with her countrymen from the Highlands of\\nScotland, heart-broken from Culloden, found new homes\\non the Upper Cape Fear and the Lumber, and Moravians,\\nworn out with persecutions in the old country, fondly\\nhoped to rest in a home of Peace\u00e2\u0080\u0094 a blessed Salem\\namong the hills between the Yadkin and the Dan.\\nHence, North Carolina, wathin whose borders are\\nrepresentatives of the Teuton and the Celt, the Anglo-\\nNorman and the Frank, the Scandinavian and the Cym-\\nric Cavalier and Roundhead, Episcopalians and Pres-\\nbyterians, Catholics and Huguenots, Lutherans, Mora-\\nvians, Quakers, Protestants of every denomination, and\\nthose who, like Gallio, care for none of these things, has\\nnever been a homogeneous State. All great enterprises\\nhave been accomplished, and can only be accomplished,\\nby conciliation and compromise from overturning a\\ngovernment to building a railroad, from founding a State\\nto the location of its capital.\\nThe places of meeting of the General Assembly, and\\nof the officers of the executive branches of the govern-\\nment, were always in early times chosen by the operation\\nof these principles.\\nUnder the Proprietary government which lasted until\\n1731, and then under the Colonial government which\\nlasted until the flight of Governor Martin in 1775, the\\nplace of assembling of the Legislatures depended chiefly\\non the will of the Governor. The town of Governor Eden,\\nwhich looks on the tranquil waters of Albemarle, New-\\nbern, set like an emerald between the Neuse and the\\nTrent, Wilmington, so named from the Earl of Wilming-\\nton, Secretary of the colonies, the home of a refined,\\nchivalric and hospitable people, destined to be leaders in\\nthe fierce struggles which were to follow, were most", "height": "3133", "width": "1927", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "12)\\nfavored by the court favorities, fresh from the old world,\\nwho liked not the rough life of the interior wilderness.\\nAfter the expulsion of the Royal Governor, and the new-\\nborn State had started on its own career, the Legislatures,\\nwhether called Congress or Committee of Safety or Gen-\\neral Assembly, for long time convened at their own will\\nat different points, sometimes during the war to avoid\\ndanger from the enemy, butoftener like our Church Con\\nventioKS for reasons of convenience and mutual accom-\\nmodation. We find Newbern, Kinston, Halifax, Smith-\\nfield, Wake Court House, Hillsboro, Salem, Fayetteville,\\nTarboro, all honored, some of them several times, with\\nbeing for a few weeks the seat of government. To this\\npernicious practice we owe it that so man}- valuable\\ndocuments have been lost or are so arranged that they\\ncannot be made useful without great expenditure of\\nlabor and time.\\nHow could public business be intelligently transacted\\nwhen the officers of the State were located as they were\\nbefore tlie birth of Raleigh Take for example 1789,\\nwhen Martin, of Guilford, was Governor James Glasgow,\\nof Greene, was Secretary of State John Haywood, of\\nEdgecombe, was Treasurer John Craven, of Halifax, was\\nGomptroller, and James Iredell, of Chowan, was Attorney\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2General all the chief ofiScers of the State residing in\\ndifferent counties hundreds of miles apart.\\nOne, who at this day, holding an account against the\\nState, grumbles because he cannot get his money in an\\nliour after its presentation should note the trials of a\\nclaimant in what the venerable James T. Morehead called\\nthe chaotic times.\\nThe evil became insupportable, and notwithstanding\\nthe jealousies of conflicting sections, the General Assem-\\nbly of 1787, in providing for calling a Convention to con-\\nsider the adoption of the Constitution of the United\\nStates, recommended the people of the State to instruct", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "(13)\\ntheir representatives to fix on the place for the un-\\nalterable seat of government.\\nThis convention met in 1788 at Hillsboro. After re-\\nfusing to adopt the new Constitution by one hundred\\nmajority, they proceeded to carry out the instructions of\\nthe people in regard to the seat of Government.\\nAfter debate it was determined to select by ballot some-\\npoint in the State, and leave it to the General Assembly\\nto designate the exact spot within ten miles thereof.\\nThe plantation of Isaac Hunter was on the North side-\\nof Crabtree, on the great road between the North and the-\\ninterior of South Carolina and Georgia. His residence,\\nat the fork of the Louisburg and Forestville roads, was a\\nnotable country tavern in those days. After balloting be-\\ntween several competitors, this was chosen as the centre-\\nof the ten mile circle within which the sovereignty of\\nNorth Carolina was to find a local habitation.\\nThe mandate of the Convention the General Assembly\\nwas in no haste to obey. Fayetteville, and the friends-\\nof that old town, having their due share of Scotch te-\\nnacity, and using no doubt the blandishments of social\\nlife, succeeded in deferring the execution of the scheme-\\nIn 1790 the vote was so close that the proposal was tied\\nin both Houses, the speaker of the House of Commons, an-\\neastern man, Stephen Cabarrus, of Chowan, voting in-\\nfavor, but the speaker of the Senate, a western man, Gen.\\nLenoir, of Wilkes, killing the measure.\\nThe General Assembly of the following year, 1791, con-\\nvened atNewbern, out of reach of the plucky Macs, of\\nthe Cape Fear, and at this session the ordinance of 178S\\nwas carried into effect. Ten commissioners were appoint-\\ned to locate and lay off the city in accordance with the\\nordinance. At the same time five commissioners were ap-\\npointed to erect a State House.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "(14)\\nTHE LOCATION AT WAKE COURT HOUSE.\\nThe day of meeting of the Commissioners was the 4th\\nof April, 1792. Only six attended. Their names were,\\nFrederick Hargett, Senator from Jones; Willie Jones,\\nmember from Halifax Joseph McDowell, Senator from\\nBurke, one of the gallant mountaineers who gained the\\nbattle of King s Mountain Thomas Blount, member from\\nEdgecombe, afterwards to be promoted to a seat in the\\nHouse of Kepresentatives of the Union William John-\\nston Dawson, member from Bertie, grandson of Gov.\\nGabriel Johnston, soon to be a member of Congress, and\\nJames Martin, member from Stokes, who,. as an officer of\\nmilitia, had marched against the Cherokees in. 1776,\\nand against Cornwallis in 1782. They were among the\\nbest men of the State. Jones was the most active and in-\\nfluential, had been dn ardent patriot of the Revolution.\\nHis body lies, without a stone to commemorate him, in\\nthe North East corner of the land he aided to buy, in the\\ngarden of the St. Augustine Normal School.\\nThe plantation of Joel Lane, adjoining Wake Court\\nHouse, was so plainly the best place within the limits\\nassigned that the Commissioners hesitated but little and\\non the following day, April 5th, 1792, a deed was execut-\\ned by Lane to Alexander Martin, Governor, for the use\\nof the State, of one thousand acres of land of an irregular\\nshape, about one mile, three hundred yards from north\\nto south and. still more from east to west. The tract thus\\npurchased was tiien mostly in forest. The oak trees still\\nstanding, as well as tradition, show that nearly all east of\\nSalisbury street was in original growth. Where the State\\nHouse rears its lofty dome was a noted stand by which\\na deer running from the dense forests of the Crabtree to\\nthe dense forests of Walnut was sure to pass. The old\\nfield pines, a few years ago standing on Gallows Hill and", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "(15)\\nthe Rex Hospital land and in the North West Reservation\\nshowthatthey were oncecult.vated fields, whiletheravines\\nopening into Pigeon House and Rocky Branches, starting\\nfrom the water-shed of the Capitol Square, were for some\\ntime covered with beech and poplar of large growth.\\nThe giant trees which have given us the name of City of\\nOaks, are remnants of the forest which sheltered the\\nvenerable men who, eighty-four years ago, chose tlieSeat\\nof Government of North Carolina.\\nThe site is certainly most favorably situated. The rail\\nof the Raleigh Gaston Rail Road is 303 feet above the\\nsea level. The surface of the ground at the West door\\nof the State House is 42 feet higher, so that the highest\\npoint of Union Square is 345 feet above the Atlantic,\\nThe latitude of the capital is 35\u00c2\u00b0 17 N. Tiie longitude\\n7S\u00c2\u00b0 41 West from Greenwich. Its isothermal line (line\\nof equal temperatures) enters Europe a little North of\\nLisbon, passes through Madrid, near by Genoa and\\nFloreu ie, leaves Europe not far from Constantinople,\\ny)asses near the spot designated by tradition as the Gar-\\nden of Eden, then tiH ongh Cliina ami Southern Japan\\nhard by Shanghai and Yeddo, and strikes the American\\ncontinent South of San Francisco. Its climate is there-\\nfore the climate of the grape and the fig, of cotton and\\ntobacco, of corn and wheat. Its compromise character is\\napparent in many lespects. Its average temperature for\\nthe year is 69\u00c2\u00b0 1 Farenheit. That of the whole State is\\n59\u00c2\u00b0. lis spring temperature is 58\u00c2\u00b0, its summer 78\u00c2\u00b0, its\\nautumn 60\u00c2\u00b0, its winter 40\u00c2\u00b0. The State is a little le.ss in\\neach of these seasons. Its rainfall is 48.2 inches that of\\nthe State, including the mountains and sea coast,\\nis 53.1 inches. It is near the centre of the central county.\\nIt is near the line between the lands which grow cotton\\nand the lands which grow tobacco. The census tables\\nshow that on a single acre in lialeigh can be grown, and\\nprofitably grown, not only every product of North Caro-", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "(16)\\nlina, but of the United States, with the exception of\\noranses and sugar cane.\\nPLAN OF THE NEW CITY.\\nThe commissioners lost no time in carrying out the other\\nbranch of their duties. They proceeded to lay out a plan\\nfor a city, to comprise, besides streets, 276 lots of one acre\\neach, the whole making four hundred acres, I am inclined\\nto think that the true acre (208.67 feet square) was adopted\\nand the faihire to follow this and the practice of using the\\nconventional acre (210 feet square) are the causes of the dis-\\nputes about boundaries and encroachments on streets.\\nBesides Union Square, which the old maps call 516 feet\\nsquare, four other squares of four acres each were left for\\nthe use of the public. Reservations at each corner of the\\ncity were left open, not included in the city, so as to pro-\\nvide for a future extension of the corporate limits.\\nFour streets radiate at right angles from Union Square\\n99 feet wide, viz to thelSrorth, Halifax to the East, New-\\nhern to the South, Fayetteville to the West, Ilillsboro;\\nall the others being 66 feet wide. It must not be supposed\\nthat these names were given in order to express ideas of\\nsuperiority of those towns. The roads from Wake Cou] t\\nHouse in the directions of these streets were similarh c:\\ned before the estal lishment of Kaieigli. Tlie streets adjoin-\\ning Union Square on each side were laid out through the\\nlength and breadth of the cit3^ Tliey were honored with\\nthe names of leading towns in the State, two east and two-\\nwest. Running north and south we have Wilmington on\\nthe east and SaUsbury on the west running east and west\\nwe have Edenton on the north and Morgan on the south.\\nIn those days the name of the beautiful county scat of\\nBurke being written Morgan Town, the selection of this\\nname in preference to other western towns was doubtless\\nin compliment to Gen. McDowell.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "(17)\\nThe other north aud south streets to the east were\\nBlount, Person, Bloodworth and East. To the west were\\nMcDowell, Dawson, Harrington and West.\\nThe other east and west streets to the north were Jones,\\nLaue and North, and to the south, llargctt, Martin, Davie,\\nCabarrus, Lenoir and South.\\nThe cit} of Raleigh was named after the great historian,\\nsoldier and statesman, whose energies were so long directed\\nto the settlement of North Carolina. The appellation of\\ncity was given because it was to be the home of the\\nsovereignty of the State, derived from Civitas.\\nI have told you whollargett, Jones, McDowell, Blount,.\\nDawson and Martin were. Of the others. Person street\\ncommemorates Gen. Thos. Person, long a member of the\\nLegislature from Granville, wlio was one of the first\\nBrigadier Generals of the Revolution was an ardent\\npatriot, a liberal benefactor of the University. Ileenjuyw\\nthe triple honor of giving his name to a Hall at Chapel\\nHill, a street in Raleigh and to a gallant little county\\ncarved out of Granville.\\nTimothy Bloodwoitli is a striking example of the\\nephemeral nature of political fame. He was a very \\\\)V(t-\\nminent man in his day was member of the Legishiturc\\nfrom New Ilanover, Sj)eaker of the Senate, and attained\\nthe high dignil}^ of Senator in Congress. He is said\\nto have lost a portion of Ids popularity in consequence\\nof giving the casting vote in. favor of Raleigh, aufS\\nfairly earned the honor of l eing handed down to posterity\\nin connection with one of its streets.\\nDavie street commemorates one of thu most accom-\\nplished men of the day, Wm. Richardson Davie, after\\nwhom the county of Davie is called, a gallant oflicer iu\\nthe Revolution, member of Congress, Ambassador near\\nthe Court of Napoleon, one of the founders of tlie Univer-\\nsity, and a true friend of the education of the })eople.\\n(Cabarrus street commemorates Stephen Cabarru after", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "(18)\\nwhom a flonrishins^ county is also named was often\\nSpeaker of the House, was member of the Legislature from\\nOhowan, a genial and popular man.\\nGen. Wm. Lenoir was a .distinguished soldier of the\\nRevolution was senator for many years from AVilkesand\\nwas Speaker of the Senate. He likewise gave a name to\\na county in the Enst and to a town in the AVest, as well\\nas to a street of Raleigh.\\nLane street was after Joel Lane from whom the land\\nwas bought.\\nThe four squares of the city are named in honor of\\ndistirjguished men of the Revolutionary period. Caswell\\nSquare, as well as Caswell county, hands down the name\\nof the great General and Governor, Richard Caswell, of\\nLenoir; Moore Square, of Alfred Moore, who, after emin-\\nent services for Korth Carolina, was appointed a Judge of\\nthe Supreme Court of the United States ISTash Square, of\\nAbner Nash, and Burke Square, of Thomas Burke, both\\nGovernors and eminent statesmen of Revolutionary times.\\nThe plan thus laid off was reported to the General As-\\nsembly of 1792, and adopted. The language of the act\\nshould be carefully noted as Ijeing of imjiortance to the\\ninhabitants of the city.\\nThe plan of the city so laid off and reported to the\\nGeneral Assembly by the Commissioners aforesaid, shall\\nbe and the same is hereby received, confirmed and ratified\\nby the name of the City of Raleigh and the several\\nstreets represented in the plan, and the public square,\\nwhereon the State-house is to be built, shall be called and\\nforever known by the names given to them respectively\\nby the Commissioners aforesaid which plan, together\\nwith the deed for the land purchased, with a plat thereof\\nannexed, shall be forthwith recorded in the Secretary s\\noffice.\\nSection 3. The public square composed of Nos. 246,", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "(19)\\n247, 262, 203, shall be called and known by the name\\nof Casvs^ell Square, c, q.\\nAnd lots were sold by order of the Legislature fronting\\non these squares.\\nProposals have been made in the CJeneral Assembly to\\nsell to the highest bidder the public squares of the city,\\nexcept that on which the State House and the Deaf and\\nDumb Asylum are situate. I contend that according to\\nplain principles of law, those who have purchased lands\\nin the city, and especially those loho purchased lots on the\\nMCjiuares^ have legal right to prevent such sale and insist\\nthat according to the pledge of the State they shall be\\nperpetually Public Squares.\\nThe streets of the city of Raleigh are under the pro-\\ntection of the law. The city authorities^ may and\\nshall improve them, but they cannot enclose or discon-\\ntinue them.\\nThe same rules of law do not apply to the reservations\\nin the corners of the city, but it is important that the\\ncity authorities shall as soon as practicable carry out the\\nprovisions of chapter 205 of the Acts of 1871-72, so as to\\nfound by enclosing and improving a valid claim for se-\\n.curing the Nash and Moore squares as valuable breath-\\ning places of the citv.\\nAt the session of the General Assembly of ]Sr)C o7, the\\ncorporate limits were extended one-fourth of a mile each\\nway. This was resisted in the Courts by persons livii.g\\nin the included portion, but the Supreme Court sustain-\\ned the action of the Legislature. Within this new part of\\nthe city, other streets have been laid out: East of the\\nthe Capitol, running nortii and south, Swain street\\nnamed after the distinguished ex-Governor and President\\nof the University, David L. Swain Linden Avenue, a\\nfancy name, west of the Capitol Boylan street, after the\\nlate Wra. Boylan, who was in the beginning of the cen-\\ntury editor of the M/uerva, the rival of the I^rt/istcr,", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "(20)\\nand was for over sixty years one of our most enterprising:\\ncitizens Saunders street, after the late eminent ex-Judge\\nRomulus M. Saunders, once minister to Spain. Then\\nnorth of the Capitol, running east and west, is Peace\\nstreet, after AYm. Peace, in old times a leading merchant^\\nthe founder of Peace Institute, one of the best of our\\nmen; Johnson street, after our worthy fellow-citizen,.\\nAlbert Johnson Polk street, after Col. Wm. Polk, who\\nwill be more particularly mentioned. And south of the-\\nCapitol are Smithfield street, after the town of Smith-\\nfield Cannon street, after Robert Cannon, once a lead-^\\ning citizen and Manly street, after our late distinguished\\nex-Governor Charles Manly.\\nSALES OF LOTS.\\nThe same Commissioners who laid out the city made\\nsales of the lots. I cannot find their reports to the Leg-\\nislature, and the Registry books of that period have been!\\nburnt, but I can state some of the early subsequent sales^\\nwhich are a measure of the value of property in that day-\\nIn 1801 one quarter of an acre of No. 160, on Fayette-\\nville street, above Ilargett, sold for S( 0. It is worth now\\n$12,000 to $15,000.\\nIn 1801 W. J. Peace bought a lot nearly opposite the-\\nabove, on Fayetteville street, above Ilargett, part of No..\\n147, fronting 21 feet and running back 60, for $165.\\nIn 1797 W. J. Humphries sold to Matthew Machlim\\nthe west half of No. 173, on Newbern avenue where .J. J.-\\nLitchford lives, for $30, which was probably what wasi\\npaid for it.\\nDr. R. P. Haywood tells me that it appears from the-\\naccount books of Joel Lane that he advanced for afriendi\\n$79, to pay for No. 216, now the residence of W J. Hicks.-\\nMr. David Royster, in 1802, bought of Oliver Fitts, of\\nWarren, two acres Nos. 142 and 143, on Moore square,..", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "(21)\\nwhere David L. Royster now lives, for .S]00 and a break-\\nfast table.\\nOn the east of Moore square Mr. Roj ster, about the\\nsame time, bought two acres for $50 afterwards sold one\\nfor $40, and was considered to have ]nade a great specu-\\nlation.\\nOn October 10, 1801, J. Harvey sold to Stephen Hay-\\nwood the two acres where Mr. Wni. Dallas Haywood\\nlives, for $120 in silver dollars, or $60 per acre.\\nIn 1801 Nat. Jones sells to Dugald McKeethan No. 27(),\\nfitN. NV. corner of North and Lane streets for $51.\\nMany of the first sold lots were purchased b} those who\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2did not intend to make Raleigh their home. Some of\\nthe leading politicians of the day were purchasers such\\n^s Bloodworth, Ashe, Davie, Hawkins, Dawson and Lane\\nwho bought on speculation and lost mone} on the re-\\nsale.\\nFour acres owned by the wealthy descendants of Tho^\\nD. Bennehan are the only instances of continuous owner-\\nship in any family from the beginning, and Mr. Benne-\\nham was a resident of Orange.\\nThe foregoing sales are mentioned because they atlbrd\\nstandards of comparison as to the general rise of values,\\nthe prices now being from fifty to seventy and eighty\\ntimes as high as at the dates mentioned. Near the busi-\\nness centre, however, lots have been sold at the rate of\\nnearly $200,000 to the acre, or five and six thousand\\ntimes the original cost.\\nSALKS OK ]8!3.\\nIn 1813 the General Assembly appointed Ilenr} Potter,\\nHenry Seawell, Wm. Hinton, Nathaniel Jones, (Crabtree)\\nTheophilus Hunter, and Wm. Peace, to sell the lands of\\nthe State south, west and north of the old corporate limits.\\nThe first named had been a Citv Commissioner. He was", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "(22)\\nJudire of the District Court of the United States for about\\nsixty years. Henry Seawell was a member of the Legis-^\\nlature from Wake, elected at that time Judge of the Su-\\nperior Court, an able lawyer. Wm. Ilinton was repeated-\\nly Senator from Wake. Nathaniel Jones, father of the\\nlate Kimbrough Jones, called of Crabtree to distin-\\nguish him from Nathaniel Jones of White Plains, near\\nCary, the ancestor of the late Wesley and Alfred Jones,\\nhad been often Senator and member of the House from\\nWake. Theophilus Hunter was the respected and hospita-\\nble owner of Spring Hill, which adjoins Raleigh on\\nthe west. Wm. Peace has already been described.\\nThe commissioners were ordered to reserve lots around\\nthe different springs in the State lands, and on this ac-\\ncount it is that Rex Spring on the north, and the springs\\nnear the Governor s Mansion and the colored Deaf and\\nDumb Asylum, are public property.\\nIt was at this sale that John Rex bought the land de-\\nvised by him to provide a comfortable retreat for the rich\\nand the afflicted poor. The money bequeathed by him\\nfor the same purpose had accumulated to over $20,000,\\nwhen by the contingencies of the late war a great part of\\nit was lost. The object is a noble one, and the name of\\nJohn Rex, the tanner, should be honored among us.\\nThe proceeds of the sale of 1813 were devoted to the\\nerection of what is by a kind of grim joke called the\\nGovernor s Palace. Before that time the acre where the\\nRaleigh National Bank is located, No. 131, having on it\\na two-story house of wood, which was removed about\\n1859, was the Executive Mansion. Governor Miller, of\\nWarren, was the first occupant of the new mansion. It\\nhas been the scene of many gay festivities. In the good\\nold days it was the custom for the governors to give fre-\\nquent entertainments. The members of the Legislature\\nand officers of State, and all decent people of the city, as\\nwell as strangers, were generally invited to attend. The", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "annual i)artie.s of the Governor wcie looked forward\\nto and enjoyed by young and old.\\nThe Palace continued to be occuttied by the Execu-\\ntive until April, 18(15, when Governor ance yielded the\\noccupancy to Gen. Sherman, who took possession of it as\\nhis headquarters. Alter the officers of the army left it\\nin 18(38, Governor lEolden declinina- to leave his own\\nhandsome residence, and Governors Caldwell and Brog-\\nden preferring hotel life, it was for several years rented\\nto the highest bidder. It is now used for a flourishing\\ngraded school, undo- th( superintendency of Mr. E.\\nDugger.\\nSALE OF 1810.\\nIn 1819 the lands of the State east of the city, except\\nthe llock (Quarry, wei e ordered to be sold, the commis-\\nsioners being Duncan Cameron, .John Winslow, Joseph\\nGales, Wm. Robards and Henry Potter. Of these Dun-\\ncan Catneron for many years was one of the most trusted\\nmen, not alone of Raleigh, but of North Carolina, lie\\nwas an eminent lawyer, a Judge of the Superior Courts,\\nSenator and Member of the House from Orange, from\\n1829 to 1849 President of the leading oanks in theState,\\nand was considered of highest authority in the State on\\nmatters of hnances. .John A\\\\ inslow was member of the\\nHouse from the borough of Fayetteville. Josej.h Gales\\nwas Intendant of Police of Raleigh for over twenty years,\\nwas an able editor, the founder of the JlaleUfh licf/isfrr\\nwhich was a leading paper of the State for fift} years, the\\nfather of the distinguished editor, Joseph Gales, of the\\nNational Intelligencer^ in Washington, and of Western R.\\nGales, his successor as editor of the Rccjisicr. Mr. Robards\\nwas of C!ranville, an excellesit man, Treasurer of the\\nState. Henry Potter has been mentioned.\\nThe proceeds of tlie sale were applied to repairing and", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "(24)\\nenclosing the State House, which was well done under\\nthe supervision of an able architect, AV^m. Nichols.\\nThis was the last sale of the lands of the State.\\nThe sales of 1813 were low according to our standard.\\nFor example, John Rex bought the land given by him\\nfor a hospital, $481 for 15| acres.\\nThe sales of 1818 were called very good. This ap-\\nplied chiefly to the land in theN, E. part of the city com-\\nprising thf noble forest owned by the late Henry Mor-\\ndecai, which brought filOO per acre. The lots along New-\\nbern Avenue west of the old grave3^ard averaged about\\n$50 per acre, while those on the south side of Hargett op-\\nposite the old graveyard, commanded from ^40 to $70 per\\nacre the broad slopes of Vinegar Hill were rated at about\\n$50 per acre, and all this on a credit of one, two and three\\n3 ears, without interest.\\nSome persons of speculative turn of mind and im{ier-\\nfect knowledge of the law have cast hungry eyes at the\\nunoccupied lots belonging to the State around the city\\nwith a view to take possesion of them under the Enti y\\nLaws at I ii- cents per acre. But counsel learned in the\\nlaw have quickly informed them that as the land had\\nbeen once entered by and granted to .Joel Lane, the re-\\npurchase by the State did not restore them to the class of\\nvacant and unappropriated lands, which are only sub-\\nject to entry.\\nTHE EARLIEST DAYS.\\nThe growth of the city was slow. The State House, an\\nugly pile of brick and wood, without porch or ornament\\nof any kind, said to have been built by Rhody Atkins,\\n^vas finisiied in 1794, so that tiie General Assembly met\\nin it for the first time in November of that year. Richard\\nDobbs Spaiglit, of Craven, met the Legislature as Gov-\\nernor, and on the first day of the succeeding .January,", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "25\\nSani l Ashe, of New Hanover, took his phxce. Tlie first\\nsettlers were State ofRcers, and hotel (then called tavern)\\nkeepers, followed of course by the country merchant.\\nIll February 1705, the General Assembly appointed as\\n\\\\I!ommissioners, a board of seven, who (as would be said\\nin our neighboring town of Durham,) were, the (jemdne\\noriginal Fathers of the city viz: Jolm Haywood, of Edge-\\ncombe, Treasurer of the State John Craven, of Halifax,\\nComptroller; John Marshall and James Mares, Hotel-\\nkeepers Dugold McKethan and John Pain, whose busi-\\nness I cannot discover Joim Rogers, a member of the\\nLegislature from Wake, not a resident of the city. In\\n1801, the Legislature added as Commissioners, Joshua\\nSugg, a very respectable farmer. Col. AVni. Polk, who\\nhad lately become a resident, whom I shall mention\\nagain more particularly, and Theophilus Hunter, Senior,\\nwlio had served the State in Revolutionary times.\\nThe buildings, with the exception of the State House,\\nwere for years all of wood. Covernor Swain, in his in-\\nteresting Tucker Hall address, says that the Kagle Hotel\\nof Charles Parish, now the National Hotel, was the next\\nhouse of brick built after the Ccipitol. The old State Bank,\\nnow the Episcopal Rectory, the Bank of Newbern, now\\nDr. F. J. Haywood s dwelling, wsre built in the following\\nyear.\\nAs late as 1803, Henry IL Cooke advertises that living\\nut Wake old Court-PIouse, about a quarter of a mile of\\nthe State-House, he can accommodate 10 or 12 gentlemen\\nwith board during the session, and will take a few horses\\nto feed at 2s.Gd. (25 cts.) a day.\\nBut in r^ecember, 1803, the banner of the Indian\\nQueen is thrown out as the best stand in the city, with\\n13 rooms, of which have fire-places This was on the\\nsite of the new Federal Court-House and Post-Oftice.\\nThis was followed by Casso s tavern, in 1804, on the\\nN. E. corner of Fayetteville street, next the State House", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "20\\nsquare, Oi)e]ied by the })ublic y juost obedient and\\nhumble servant, Peter Casso, who enhances the attract-\\niveness of his tavern by announcing that the ISTorthern\\nand Southern stages leave iiis door three times a vveek.\\nThe hotels (or tavern?, as they were called.) were of a\\nprimitive nature.\\nA gentleman tells me that many years ago he was at\\nCooke s Hotel, when besides himself Chief .Justice Mar-\\nshall and Judge Cameron were the onl} guests. A trav-\\neler drove up and asked for quarters. I he answer was,\\nI can t take you, I am full. The furniture of Judge\\nMars!. nil s room consisted of a l)ed and bedstead, two\\nsplit-bottom chairs, a pine table covered with grease and\\nink, a cracked pitcher and broken bowl. The next morn-\\ning wlien breakfast came on, the host, disdaining the use\\nof forks, transferred from the d\\\\A\\\\ to his {date pieces of\\nthe dismembered fowl with his fingers.\\nTERMANENT CPIARTER.\\nThe charter of 1795 was superceded by a permanent\\ncharter granted in J803, by which the election of Intend-\\nant and seven Commissioners was given to the people.\\nThe c|uali{i cation of such officers was that they should\\nbe seized in fee of land in the city, with a dwelling house\\nthereon, and should be actual residents. Any free male\\nof full age, resident for three months, or owning land in\\nthe city, whether a resident or not, could vote. The cor-\\nporate name of the government was The Commission-\\ners of the City of Raleigh.\\nThe public lands being in forests, for their protection\\na Ranger was appointed. Tije ower of taxation was\\ndoubled, i. c, raised to fifty cents on the ^100 value, it\\nhaving been twenty-five cents under the act of 1795. A\\npoll tax as high as $1 was authorized on all male polls\\nand on male slaves between twelve and fifty. Under", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "-^7\\nthis cliartei the inhabitants were not conipolled to work\\non the streets in person. On failnre to pay the tax on a\\nlot on or before the first of August the coniiiiissioners\\nwere authorized and directed to sell the whole lot. It is\\nremarkable that no right of redemption was allowed, no\\nsaving of the rights of infants and others under disability.\\nThis seems hard. It was probably caused by the fact\\nheretofore mentioned that many of the lots were bought\\non speculation by those who would neither improve nor\\nallow others to improve them. It is said that the large\\nestate of the late Dr. Cooke was greatly attributable to\\nthe purchases b} his father and grandfather at these tax\\n.sales.\\nIt seems strange, too, as land was so very abundant\\nand cheaf), the charter of 1804, as well as that of 1794-95^\\nshould have contained stringent regulations in regard to\\nencroachments on streets. They were required to be an-\\nnually measured and entered on the city journalfj, and a\\ntax was required to be imposed not over fifty cents a foot s\\nwidth. These regulations were propably aimed chiefly\\nat shop-keepers and tavern-keepers, who built in this\\nmanner to attract the attention of pa.ssers-by. Most of the\\nstoops and cellar-doors, which are an offence and\\nstumbling block to so many were constructed in these\\nancient days, when much of the city was in forest and\\noak trees waved their boughs in our most populous streets.^\\nThe charter of 1803 did not divide the city into wards.\\nThis was done in 1800, five commissioners being author-\\nized from the Middle ward, three from the Eastern, and\\none from the Western, showing that the western half of\\nthe city was settled more slowly than the other. The\\ntaxes of each ward were to be expended by its commis-\\nsioners in that ward, and nowhere else. The commis-\\nsioner of the Western ward had a pleasant office, being a\\nfull board all by himself, so that he could in truth say, as\\nan eminent public man of this State once announced, I", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "(28)\\nhave convened for business, the solitary instance in\\nmunicipal government where the voting was always\\nunanimous. This was remedied in 1809, by giving three\\ncommissioners to the Western ward.\\nA difficulty occurred about the act of 180G, which\\nshows that our ancestors were troubled about ward divis-\\nions, as we have lately been. By that enactment, all\\neast of Wilmington and Halifax streets constituted the\\nEasterri ward all west of Salisbury and Halifax streets\\nconstituted the Western ward, and all the residue of the\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2city was the Middle ward.\\nThe following preamble of an act of 1811 shows at\\nonce the trouble and the remedy. It is a curiosity of\\nlegislation. I copy it literatim, with all its blunders.\\nNote how evidently its draughtsman was an ill-tempered\\nand unlearned Middle ward man\\nAN ACT TO EXPLAIN AND AMEND THE FIRST SECTION OF AN\\nACT PASSED IN 1806, AS FAR AS RESPECTS THE DIVISION\\nOF THE CITY OF RALEIGH INTO THREE WARDS.\\nWhereas^ It is found and discovered that the division\\nof the cit}^, as prescribed by the aforesaid act of 1806, is\\nunequitable, and the boundaries of each ward not so pre-\\ncisely described as to prevent disputes, and that said\\ndivision into wards is not nor neither can be as was in-\\ntended, viz that the Eastern and Western wards should\\nreceive all the taxes, and leave the main street North\\nfrom the State House, called Halifax street, for the Mid-\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0dle ward to keep in order and as the division now is,\\nthe commissioners of the Eastern ward do collect and\\nreceive all the taxes on the East of said street, leaving\\nthe naked street for the Middle ward to keep in order,\\n.although the commissioners of the Eastern and Western\\nwards acknowledge there is no equity for them to receive\\nthe taxes and leave the naked street for the Middle ward", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "(29)\\nto keep repaired, and consider that they are bound to act\\nagreeable to the law of ISOG; the commissioners of the\\nMiddle ward have always been willing to act justly, to\\ngive them the taxes, and they will keep the street in\\nrepair, c.\\nTwo 3 ears after thin, in 1813, the evil of having four\\nboards, one general board and one from each ward, was\\nremedied, and the commissioners reduced to seven, three\\nfrom the Middle and two from the others, were consti-\\ntated into one board. The injunction to expend the\\ntaxes of each ward, not needed for general purposes, in\\nthe ward whence they were raised, was continued until\\n1856.\\nIn the same year the constable of the city was vested\\nwith the powers of the constable of the county. There\\nwas only one constable. Tthc inhabitants of the city were\\ncompelled to serve as a city watch. This was done with-\\nout fee or reward until 1813, the best citizens generally\\nin person, though substitutes were allowed, taking their\\nturn in patrolling the streets at night. It grew into a\\ncustom, which had the force of law, that the captain of\\nthe guard should adjourn his men to a restaurant and\\ntill them with Dutch courage to enable them to perform\\ntheir dangerous duties and drive away sleep hence a\\nglass of brandy and water received the name of eye-\\nopener.\\nWATER WORKS.\\nIn 1815 the question of supply of water was mooted, and\\nfor its introductionfor the first time in the historj of\\nthe city a public debt was authorized. A dam was\\nerected on Rocky Branch, east of the Insane Asylimu\\nThe working of a water-wheel forced the water into what\\nwas called a AVater Tower, situate on the hill cast of Syl-", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "(30)\\nvester Smith s house, whence the unfilterecl water was car-\\n]-ied by wooden pipes by force of gravity to Hargett street,\\nthence down Fayetteville street. There were spouts at\\nvarious points along the street. The engineer was an inge-\\nnious mechanic, Sam l Lash, of Salem. The water was of\\ngreat convenience to the citizens of the Middle ward, but\\non tlie whole the scheme was a failure. The pipes became\\nfrequently clogged with mud, and leaky, sometimes burst\\nby the pressure, and there being no filtration, whenever\\nthere was rain the water became of the hue of the Yellow\\nTiber. To crown the whole, there were great heart-burn-\\nings among the citizens of the section of the city not bene-\\nfitted. Alter a few vears seven or eis-ht the oldeno-ineer\\ndied. His son, who succeeded him, took to intoxicating\\nliquors, and the more he drank, the less freel} the water\\nran. The water-works failed. The first money our city\\nl)orrowed was buried in the ground the first debt incurred\\nwas for a profitless work. It was not until that genera-\\ntion passed away, about the year 1845, that a second debt\\nwas incurred, for transferring the new market-house from\\nHargett street to its present position.\\nThe year 1817 is memorable in our history as being the\\ntime when the General Assembly allowed incorporated\\ntowns to lay a tax on dogs. In the early state of the coun-\\ntry, these canine pests were useful, but at present they are\\na fruitful soui ce of poverty.\\nThe taxation on dogs in our city has always been un-\\nequal, paid by a few, who are aifiicted with consciences,\\nwhile the rest go scot free. Few have the tender regard\\nfor truth of a good old citizen of sixty years ago, who, in\\ngiving in liis taxables, stated that he had one dog. After\\nhe had finished, the list-taker handed him a Bible. What!\\nhave I got to swear to my list Oh, yes, sir Then,\\nwith a heavy sigh, put me down another dog.\\nThe charter of 1803, amended in important particulars\\nIVom time to time, continued until the charter of 1856,", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "(31)\\nwhich was drawn, with liis usual ability, by lion. B. F*\\nMoore, then city attorney. By tliis the name of the In-\\ntendcnt of l^ohce was changed to Mayor. By direction of\\nthe Commissioners an amended charter was prepared by\\nmyself as city attorney in 18(3 Init the (general Assembly\\nmade its going into operation dependent on a vote of the\\npeople, and because it increased powers of taxation it was\\ndefeated. A compilation of the charter of 185G incorpor-\\nating subsecpient amendments, was made by Mr. R. 11.\\nBattle, in 18G7. In 187G, Fabius II. Busbee, Esq., city\\nattorney, at the instance of the Board of Aldermen, made\\nan able compilation of all the laws relating to Raleigh, now\\nin existence, with reference to those which are obsolete\\nalso all the ordinances of the Board now in operation.\\nBv an act passed by the Cieneral Assembly of 1874- 75\\nthe city is divided ir. to live wards. This lias been attack-\\ned in the courts on the grounds of unconstitutionality,\\nthe plaintiffs alleging amouir other things that the lines\\nof the wards were ran in order to give voters of one polit-\\nical part} more weight than those of the others in the\\ngovernment of the city. Four wards elect three Alder-\\nmen each, and one dec s five, making a Board of seven-\\nteen The matter is still in litigati( n.\\nCORPORATION OFFICERS.\\nIt is creditable to the public spirit rif our ])cople that\\nfor over half a century tbe Intendants of Police served\\nwithout compensation. iSome of them, particularly Jos-\\neph Gales, and Weston R. Gales, his son, were conspicu-\\nous for their generous hospitality, and the elegant style\\nwith which they entertained strangers and supported the\\ndignity of the city. In 1831 the former removed to\\nWashington city, but returned in 1830, and was imme-\\ndiately elected to his old post, which he held until bis\\ndeath in May, 1848. The charter of tbe city was amend-.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "(32)\\ned in January, 1843, giving to the Intendant the judicial\\npowers of a Justice of the Peace, and autiiorizing the cor-\\nporation to pay him a salary. Under this authorit} the\\ncommissioners voted the venerable editor who had served\\nthe city so many years, whose time and talents and\\nmeans had been almost from the beginning of the centu-\\nry expended liberally on every great public enterprise,\\nthe paltry salary of $100 per annum, which he lived\\nonly a few months to enjoy.\\nI have taken great pains to ascertain all the Intend-\\nants and Mayors and Commissioners, from the beginning\\nof the city. It was a difficult task in consequence of the\\ndestruction of the records, as heretofore mentioned, and\\nI have not met with entire success.\\nFrom the fact that Treasurer John Haywood was first\\nmentioned of the commissioners appointed by the Legis-\\nlature in the charter of 1795, I assume that he was the\\nfirst Intendant. He was Treasurer of the State from 1787\\nto 1827, one of the most hospitable, kindly and popular\\nmen who ever lived in tlie State. The first Intendant\\nelected by the people was AVm. White, the highly esteem-\\ned Secretary of State, whose excellent wife the daughter\\nof Gov. Caswell, survived to our own times. can not.\\nlearn who held the office in 1801, but in 1805 the intci\\ndant was Joseph Ross. In 1806 it was William Hill,\\nwas clerk in the office of the Secretary of the State, who.~c;\\nstern integrity and devotion to duty were such that he-\\nwas elected to the office of Secretary of State continuous-\\nly from 1811 until his death in 1857, nearly half a cen-\\ntury, amidst all the mutations of parties.\\nFor many years the most prominent and influential\\ncitizens were known as the five Williams, viz William\\nPolk, William Peck, William Boylan, William Peace,\\nand William Hill, of whom the three hitter were living\\nwhen I began the practice of law in the city in 1854.\\nAfter the Intendancy of Mr. Ilill, we find in succession", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "(33)\\nDr. Calvin Jones in 1807, John Marshall in 1810 and\\n1811. John S. Raboteau in 1812, Sterling Yancey in\\n1813, then Joseph Gales until 1832, then Thomas Cobbs,\\nWeston R. Gales, Wra. C. G. Carrington, Thomas Loring.\\nMr. Wm. Dallas Haywood was a very popular Intcndant\\nfor many years, and so was his successor Wm. II. Har-\\nrison. Messrs. C. B. Root, Wesley Whitaker and .Joseph\\nW. Ilolden have of late years held the office for one or\\ntwo terms, and the list is closed by the present worthy\\nincumbent. Major Basil C. Manl3%\\nThe list of Commissioners is most instructive. In the\\nearlier days, when the population was small, it shows the\\nnames of the founders of the city, and in the large ma-\\njority of cases it contains very fair representatives of the\\nbusiness talent and integrity of our people. We see\\namong those gone to their last homes Wm. Boylan, John\\nCraven, Charles Parish, William and Joseph Peace,\\nHenry Potter, Southey Bond, Robert Williams, Wm.\\nPeck, Benj. S, King, Robert Cannon, AVesley Whitaker,\\nRichard Smith, Thomas Henderson, Sherwood Haywood,\\nWm. Henry Haywood, James McKee, Wm. Shaw, Alex.\\nLucas, David Royster, Charles Manly, James F. Taylor,\\nThos. G. Scott, Wm. F. Clarke, Wm. Tliompson, Ste-\\npiien Birdsall, Ruffin Tucker, Dirk Lindeman, Henry\\nM. Miller, Benjamin B. Smith, Beverly Daniel, Alex-\\nander J. Lawrence, F. H. Reeder, E. B. FreemaiK\\n.lohn Christophers, John O Rorke, Wm. Ashley, H. J).\\nTurner, Daniel Murray, James Litchford, John Ilutchins,\\nJohn Primrose, W. II. McKee, S. W. Whiting, David\\nW. Stone, A. M. Gorman, Edward Yarborough, Silas\\nBurns and many others who enjoyed the confidence and\\nrespect of their fellow-citizens. And we find that some\\nof our best elderly men now living, who have lost the\\ntaste for municipal office life, such as Dr. F.J.Haywood,\\nJordan Womble, Alfred Williams, Sylvester Smith, Wm.\\nW^hite, Geo. W. Haywood, and John J. Christophers, at", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "(34)\\nan earlier period of their lives consented to serve the city\\nin this capacity, in which, as in all other cities, the in-\\ncumbents are liable to abundant and sharp criticism,\\nwith no possibility of pay, and little possibility of praise.\\nAnd Mr. Christophers should be especially remembered\\nfor his long- and faithful services as clerk of the city\\nservices only paralleled by those of Mr. James IT. Murray^\\nas City Constable.\\nThe Intendant of Police originally was only what thev\\nname implies, viz: a Superintendent of the Police force,;,\\nwithout judicial powers. The powers of a Justice of the-\\nPeace were conferred in 1843. The name was changed\\nto Mayor in 1854, and the name Commissioners to\\nAldermen, in 1875.\\nThese names Intendant of I olice and Mayor\\nshow not only the composite nature of our language, but\\ncall to mind interesting liistorical facts. The former is^\\na French official name, taken from French municipal!\\ngovernment, at a time when America greatlyadmired ite\\nancient ally.\\nThe word Mayor, same as Major, has a splendid\\nancestry. It came into England with the jSTormans whc\\nconquered the countr} at Hastings s\u00c2\u00a9ve\u00c2\u00ab- hundred years;\\nago, and the Xormans got it from the majestic Romans^\\nthe conquerors of Gaul, whosedescendants intermarrying\\nwith the natives of tiie land, were in turn subjugated by\\nihe adventurous northmen. So that after the lapse of\\nover half a century, the foreigners Tntendant of Police\\ngives place to the ISTorman Mayor, and the name\\nCommissioners likewise yields to the Anglo Saxow\\nAldermen (or Elder-men), which emigrated to Eng-\\nland from Germany with Ilengistand Ilorsa.\\nFOURTH DAY OF JULY.\\nAmong the first Commissioners appointed by the Teg.--", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "(35)\\nislature in 1801, was a colonel of the Revolution, with the\\nwounds,scarce healed, of Germantown and Eutaw Springs,\\nlong a leader in Raleigh society, Col. Wm. Polk, who re-\\nmoved to Raleigh from Mecklenburg county. It was with\\nhim not only a duty, but a pride, to keep alive the glories\\nof 177C). The celeln^ation of the 4th of July filled so lare-e\\na space in the minds of the peoj)lc of that day, this ad-\\ndress would be incomplete without an attempt to recall\\nthem. With our fathers this celebration was no idle holi-\\nday. It was in vivid reality to them the birthday of the-\\nnation the day of deliverance from slavery, the great\\nPassover, keeping in remembrance the staying of the\\nhand of the destroying Angel.\\nThe day was ushered in by tiring of cannon. Then at\\nsunrise there was prayer at the Presbyterian church.\\n]jarge numbers attended and thanked with devout hearts\\nthe Almiglity for his blessings on the country, a custom\\nkept up until the breaking out of the great civil war,\\nbut revived, I re:joice to see, on this da^^\\nAt 12 o clock there was a Federal salute, as it was called\\none gun for each State in the Union. Then a proces-\\nsion was formed at the Court House, and moved to the\\nmusic of fife and drum to 1 he capitol square. There an\\node was sung. Then the Declaration of Independence\\nwas read. Then an ode. Then the Oration, which was\\nfollowed by an ode. These odes, sung with spirit, were far\\nmore soul-stirring than the brass bands of these days.\\nAt 12 o clock a good dinner was set. There were two\\ntables presided over by President and Vice President.\\nToasts were drunk, followed by speeches and convivial\\nsongs.\\nHere are specimens\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2The sriKiT of 1776, encircled by Wisdom and reclin-\\ning on Peace, but possessing tiie eye of the Eagle to dis-\\ncern and the arm of a Lion to avenge our country s\\nwrong.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "(36)\\nTl)e PEOPLE OF THE UNITED STATES, ma\\\\ they become\\ntiioreand more in feeling and fact, a band oe p.rotiieks;\\nwhilst they remain in principle and conduct a l)and of\\nPATRIOTS and thus prove themselves Americans without\\nalloy.\\nA participant enables me to give an account of one of\\nthese scenes, which is a iair sample of all. Gov. Holmes\\npresided at one table, Col. Polk at the other. Three\\nJudges were appointed to decide which table furnished\\nthe best song and the best speech, viz: Joseph Gales, the\\ndistinguished editor. Chief Justice Taylor and Judge Hall\\nof the Supreme Court. The lavorite singer at Gov. Holmes\\ntable was one Reeder, a tinner, v/ho bad gallantly run\\nfor bis country s fame at Bladensburg. The cbam]Mon\\nof the other table was Leonidas (or Lonny) Polk, son of\\nthe Colonel, afterwards the great Missionary ishop of\\nthe South-west, the soldier Bishop who was killed at Chic-\\namauga. By the vocal powers of the future Bishop the\\nJudges awarded the victory to the table of his father.\\nThe prize of tlie victory was the privilege of taking the\\noccupants of both tables to the home of the victor and\\ntreating them to new viands. The crowd hurried tumult-\\nously, singing and shouting as they went, to theresidence\\nof Col. Polk, following him as a leader, dragging a can-\\nnon as they went. An ample table was found spread for\\nthem, new toasts were drunk, new songs sung, the cannon\\nwas fired, and amid shouts and hurrahs for Col. Polk and\\nIndependence, the patriots, their bosoms too full for ut-\\nterance, meandered to their homes.\\nAt such seasons King Bragg reigned supreme. The\\nfollowing poetry copied from a newspaper of a later date\\nshows the proud boasting of the patriotic heart\\nOf one thing, reader, be thou sure the Yankee eagle one day\\nWill stretch his wings from Behring s strait beyond the bay of Fun-\\nday.\\nAnd from the pole to Panama, when sleeping I and you lie\\nWill all belong to Uncle Sam, some future Fourth of -July.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "Every great event was celebrated in those days of clieap\\nhog and lioinony, (spelt, I niciitioii for tlie information\\nof boys and girls und spelling l)ee h-o-ni-on-y, and I\\nnmst add of cheap li(jn()i and in the exnlicrance of spirit.\\ntlie toasts soared to the skies and got lost in the clouds.\\nHere is one given at a dinner during the war of 1(S]2,\\non Oct. 2i)th ISI;:;:\\nLawrknck and Ludlow at the tremendous thunder\\nof whose cannon the Fates in astonishment snapt their\\nthrciid and left a nation drowned in tears.\\nI his icture of the giiiu P /rtv?6 losing their self-|)OS-\\nsession at the sound of cannon in asea-fight and sna[ ping\\noff life threads at random, is above anything in lEonier\\nor Yirgil.\\nAt the same dinner was given a toast which shows liiat\\nour fellow citizens from OKI .l^i in were then, as they ai-o\\nnow, friends of edneation.\\nTne Kalkigii Academy May the sons of St Tam-\\nmany and the sons of St. Patrick dance hand in baud to\\nthe music of the Iiisii harj), new strung by the ;:oddess\\nof liberty.\\nBut I cord ess with slnnne that in blood and thunder\\nsentiments Raleigh was beaten by our sister, Wilming-\\nton. At afeast given in honor of the Father of his coun-\\ntry at that good city Feb. 22nd 1813, the following toast\\nwas given and enthusiastically apjdauded.\\nThe American Fi,ag\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Wra[ pe(l in a blaze of boan-\\nless glory, like the resplendent shield of Jove, shaken\\naloft in the skies. May it flash lightning in the faces and\\nstrike terror into the hearts of its enemies and in every\\nconfiictmay it triuniphantly wave ov^r continued streams\\nofincessant i)eals of destructive-, all subduing thunder,\\nuntil it renders itself a free pass and an inviolable i)ro-\\nteetion to every citizen who may sail under it.\\nIt is needless to add that the music which followed this\\ntoast was Yankee l^oodle.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "(38)\\nI here remark tliat the division between Federalists and\\nRepul)licans, the friends of peace and the friends of war,\\nwas sharply defined. At this anniversary of the birth of\\nAVashington, in Wilmington, the Federalists called by pub-\\nlic advertisement for a separate celebration hy Federal-\\nists and the friends of Peace, and were sharply repri-\\nmanded therefor by the Raleigh Registe)\\nThe division was not so marked in Raleigh, as the evils\\nof the war did not fall so heavily in the interior towns, but\\nit is certain that there was mucli opposition to the war here\\nand in the county of Wake. Notwithstanding his military\\ntemperament, Col. Polk refused a Brigadier Generalship,\\ntendered him by President ^Madison, and the late venerable\\nWm. Boylan, a staunch Federalist, always in the minority\\nbefore, was elected to the Legislature from Wake during\\nall the time of the war. Still there was no factions oppo-\\nsition. The people of Raleigh seem to have done their\\nwhole duty. A Raleigh company volQnteere(h On July\\n4th, 1812, they held a separate celebration. In a papei of\\nthat day I read\\nThe Raleigh Yolunteer Guard, and a nundjcr of citi-\\nzens, (all dressed in home-spun,) mot at Rex s Spring to\\ncelebrate the Da}^ Capt. Wiatt was President and Allen\\nRogers Vice-President. After plain but plentiful dinner\\nthe following toasts were drank in home-made liquors, c.\\nThe toasts were in good taste, entirely free from the fire\\nand fury I have just given you the toasts of men going to\\nthe battle, rather than of bomb-proof, stay-atdiome men\\nboasting of the deeds of others.\\nAnd I find that on the 4rh of July, 1813, the usual\\nfiring of cannon was dispensed with, the reason given be-\\ning that the [)Owder was needed for the war.\\nThe services of the Raleigh Volunteer Guards were ac-\\ncepted and they were ordered to Beaufort, but they had\\nDO opportunity to show their valor. A company of draft-\\ned militia of the countv was sent to Norfolk. Mi James", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "(3!))\\nD. lioyster, to whom I am indebted for much information,\\nremembers well this draft, which was held at the north\\nloor of the State House. The great crowd collected,\\nthe terrified countenances, the agony of suspense, the\\nlamentations of the women, as the unlucky lot fell to\\ntheir sons, husbands, or lovers, are fresh in his mind al-\\nthough he was a mere boy. Their fears were justified, for\\nmany a good Wake man lost his life in the fever-stricken\\ncamp on the shores of Hampton Koads.\\nTHE NEWSPAPERS OF EAPJA DAYS.\\nIt is difficult to realize the condition of the society of\\nthe city in its early days. The population was small,\\ntravel was so difficult and tedious that strangers were\\nrare, and welcomed with peculiar cordiality as bringing\\nnews from abroad. A trip to New York was a matter of\\nweeks of tedious journeying.\\nWe now pick up our morning papers and read the\\ntidings from San Francisco, and Vienna, London, and\\nSt. Petersburg, Calcutta and Japan of the day before.\\nI have in my hand copies of the rival news})apers of\\nthe day the Raleigh Hegister and the Jlinerva furnisli-\\ned me by my friend, jNIajor Gales. The Bcyister is dated\\nApril 12th, 1810. The latest news from Congress is\\nMarch 30th, a speech from John Randolph. Under the\\nhead of Foreign Intelligence, we read: Norfolk, April\\n2. By the ship Portia, Cab. Tabb, we have received Lon-\\ndon papers to January 24. In a postscript we have\\naccounts from Cadiz to lOth of February. The news of\\nthe battle of New Orleans was not heard in Raleigh until\\nthe 17th of I ^ebruary.\\nAs we read these papers we seem to be among a differ-\\nent people. It may interest you to give some idea of the\\nkind of newspaper literature, which amused and in-\\nstructed the Raleigh man of seventy odd years ago. Here", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "(40)\\nis a co[)y of the Treaty of Am-eriens in 1802. In another\\ncolumn is an account of a lottery had for the University\\n1,500 tickets at $5 each the highest prize, $1,500,\\ndrawn hy Gen. Lawrence Balcer, of Gates. The lucky\\nnumber is 1,138. In Aict, all through the paper we see\\nnotices of lotteries for schools, for churches and other\\nobjects. Here is an account of a negro insurrection in\\nBertie, about wdiich all Eastern N. C. was excited to mad-\\nness. Horse stealing seems to be common, the country\\nbeing thinly settled, and there being no railroad or tele-\\ngraphs, escape was easy. Amusements they had, some-\\ntimes in the Court House, sometimes in the Capitol. Here\\nare some grand wax figures Washington and Lady\\nGen, Bonaparte 1st Consul The late Gen. Butler, who\\nfell in St. Clair s defeat, represented as wounded in leg\\nand breast, and Indians rushing on him with toma-\\nhawks.\\nBig tales, too, they tell. AVhat do you say of this as a\\nspecimen\\nWilliam Weldon, of Warren, saw a hern (as a heron\\nAvas called), seized by a turtle, and went to relieve the\\nhern, when it darted its bill into the socket of Weldon s\\neye, and holding it by the ball, suspended itself and the\\nturtle, hanging to its legs. He will probably lose the\\nsight of the eye.\\nAnd here is a correspondent who waxes wroth at a re-\\ncent announcement of the State Treasurer that \u00c2\u00a35,847^\\n10s of ragged money, have been burnt. The corres-\\npondent says such contraction will ruin the country. It\\nshould be duplicated and re-issued.\\nAnd they had anecdotes in old times. Sir Walter\\nRaleigh, while at a nobleman s house, overheard early\\none morning the nobleman s wife ask the servant, Have\\nyou fed the pigs At breakfast he said to his hostess,\\nwith a meaning look, Have the pigs been fed Yes,\\nsaid she, all but one strav/jc jiig, and I am about to feed", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "(41)\\nhim noAv. A boy in this day of cant would say she\\nwas heavy on Sir Walter.\\nThe election news, too, see how slowly it comes in\\nThe election was on the 1st Thursday in August. August\\n1(), heard from 11 counties; August, 23, 18; August 30,\\n19; September 6, 7 September 13, Tyrrell; September\\n27, Guilford comes creeping in.\\nDuels are common. In one paper there was a des-\\nperate tight between Clinton and Swartwout, between\\nPeter Van Allen and Crawford. Van Allen was killed.\\nThen the duel between Stanly and Spaight on the out-\\nskirts of Newbern with many lookers on, in which Spaight\\nwas killed. I am proud to say that I find no record of\\nany duel fought by citizens of Raleigh while they were\\nsuch, although blood was hot and spirit high here as\\nelsewhere.\\nHere is an advertisement of the opening of the Uni-\\nversity with Rev. Joseph Caldwell, Professor of Mathe-\\nmatics, and Rev. William Bingham, (grand-father of Col.\\nWilliam and Major Robert Bingham,) Professor of Langu-\\nage Tuition, $20 per year. Board at Steward s Ilall,\\n$57 per year. Grammar schools hereafter to be separated\\nfrom the college. And here is an account of the pre-\\nsentation of two handsome Globes to the University by\\nthe ladies of Raleigh. The names of the donors are not\\npublished. Our forefathers shrank from putting the\\nnames of the ladies into print, as I grieve to see is be-\\nginning to be the abominable custom now.\\nWhat indignation and disgust the announcement by\\nour Supreme Court that attornies should not be allowed\\nto practice before the Court would cause among our\\nlawyers, yet we find such a notice by the Court of Con\\nference in 1802, made in pursuance of an Act of As-\\nsembly.\\nXor does the present time, with its Kuklux trials and\\nits Kirk-war habeas corpus cases, Swazey suits, and", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "(42)\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Self special tax bonds mandamus, have the monopoly of\\ngreat forensic displays. In January, 1805, came on be-\\nfore Judge Potter, Chief Justice Marshall declining to sit\\nfor personal reasons, the grand ejectment suit, in which\\nthe Lord Granville of the day endeavored to establish\\ntitle to the magnificent territory granted to his ancestor,\\none of the Lords Proprietors, stretching from about the\\nlatitude of Raleigh to the Virginia line, from the Atlan-\\ntic to the Pacific. We read that on Thursday Gaston\\nspoke at great length and with much method, perspi-\\ncuity, eloquence and strength. The defence was con-\\nducted by Cameron, Baker and Woods, with great inge-\\nnuity, skill and force, and the argument was closed on\\nSaturday by Mr. Harris for the plaintiff with much\\nlearning and ability. The case was decided against the\\nplaintiff, and the appeal to the Supreme Court of the\\nLTnited States was never prosecuted to a hearing.\\nOn February 21st, of 1803, there was a great fall of\\nsnow, eighteen inches to two feet on a level. This was\\nequalled, I think, in January, 1857, when there was\\ngreat suffering among us ibr want of fuel, and there were\\ntraces of snow on the north sides of walls six weeks after-\\nwards.\\nAnd how grateful subsequent events have proved the\\ncoal owners of Pennsylvania have been for the following\\nadvice editorially given in 1802: We recommend the\\npeople of Eastern Pennsylvania to adopt the practice of\\nforcing the earth for pit coal. We are credibly informed\\nthat ill England coal has been discovered at a depth of\\n120 fathoms 720 feet! Since then coal has been profit-\\n-ably mined at 2800 feet.\\nHow delightful it Avould be to road as of July 4th,\\n1876, this announcement made June 29th 1802. To-\\nmorrow will die, unregretted by the American people, the\\ndeath awarded them by Congress, all our Internal Feder-\\nal Taxes, consisting of duties on stills and domestic", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "(48)\\nspirits, on refined sugars, license to retailers, sales at auc-\\ntion, carriages, and all stamped duties. May they have\\nan eternal sleep.\\nWhat spicy news tins is of the loth May 1802, just re-\\nceived on July 12th 1802:\\nBonaparte has at last reached the acme of his ambi-\\ntion. Before this time it is presumed, he has been de-\\nclared Perpetual Consul.\\nThe editor annexes the notice of the Mayor of Havre\\nthat a vote will be taken on this question on the 2oth\\nFloreal (15th :\\\\[ay).\\nFor the benefit of my school-boy hearers, I state that\\nPizarro s speech by Sheridan so familiar to them, l cgin-\\nning: AJy brave associates, partners of my toil, my\\nfeelings and m}^ fame, was first received and printed at\\nRaleigh, October 24th 1803. And for the benefit of my\\nolder hearers, I state that this speech was circulated\\nthroughout England as an attack on the ministry.\\nIt is amusing to read how fiercely the editor assails so\\ndistinguished a cliaracter as Noah Webster, who edited a\\npaper in Connecticut, for complaining that Jefferson\\nprefers the society of mechanics to that of men of man-\\nners and education. We would like to know which is\\nthe most useful of the two, the inventor or maker of a\\nmathematical instrument, for example, or the mechanical\\ncompiler of a spelling book. He declares his opinion\\nthat Webster s writings might have required industry\\nbut not half as much ingenuity as is necessary to con-\\nstruct a quadrant, clock or watch\\nIn justice to the editor, (by the bye in those days\\neditors were called printers I state that, when this\\nwas written, Webster s Unabridged Dictionary was\\nonly in (lie brain of its great mechanical compiler.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "(44)\\nINSURRECTIONS.\\nIt is impossible for us to imagine what terror minors\\nof iiisurrectiohs among slaves caused among our ances-\\ntors. They created a wild panic in which reason and\\nsense had no part. We find such rumors common in the\\nearly part of the century. The most notable w^as in June\\n1802 when the discovery that one Frank Sumner had\\nembodied a company of 13 men under his leadersliip as\\nCaptain, threw the whole country from Tar River to the\\nAtlantic into consternation. Volunteer companies were\\norgaiiizod for patrolling and for arresting suspected per-\\nsons. Martial law reigned supreme. The writ oi habeas\\ncorpus was suspended in practice, though not by law, as\\nto the negro rase. At the time 100 men were locked up\\nin Martin county jail. Poor Captain Frank Sumner for\\nhis ill-timed ambition was promptly hung by judgment\\nof a special court and his deluded followers were glad to\\nescape one with the loss of his ears, one with branding,\\nthe rest with flogging.\\nA similar panic about that time occurred in Franklin\\ncounty, but after great excitement in all middle ISTorth\\nCarolina and many arrests, the accused were pronounced\\nby the court hastily convened for the emergency, to be\\nnot guilty.\\nWhen ISTat. Turner s massacre of fifty-five persons oc-\\ncurred in Southampton, Virginia, in 1831, the whole of\\nRaleigh was placed under arms. The able-bodied were\\ndivided into four companies, each to patrol the streets\\nevery fourth night. The old men were organized as\\nSilver Grays. The fortress was the Presbyterian Church\\nand it was agreed that whenever the State House bell\\nshould sound the women and children were to hasten to\\nits protecting walls. At last one night O Rourke s black-\\nsmith shop took fire. It was night says my informant", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "(45)\\nliisliair is iVosled now ;ljat he remembers as vividly us it\\nit were yesterday, the women with dislieveled hair and in\\ntheir ni^ht clothes running for life through the streets.\\nIt was no laughing mattei- lo them. One of our most\\nveneral)!e and intelligent old ladies (and she is an un-\\nconiinonly bravo woman), although she disbelieved tlie\\nstories, yet when she heard the loud clangor of the bells\\nat midnight, drew her children around her, determined\\nto beg the enemy to kill them first so that she might see\\nthem safe in death rather than be the first to die, leaving\\nthem to brutality and torture. But her son, then a mere\\nboy, brandished his deceased father s sword and jirepared\\nto defend the household. I hope he will pardon me for\\nmentioning an act so much to his credit. It was our\\nRaleigh poet, James Fontleroy Tayloi-.\\nThe negroes were frightened more than the whites.\\nThey lied and hid unfler houses, in garden shrubbery,\\nla} between corn rows anywhere.\\nThere never was a time when the colored people of\\nHalcigh would have risen against our people. It is\\ngreatly to the credit of botli races that notwithstanding-\\nparty animosity and sudden emancipation, the kindly\\npersonal feeling between the whiles and their old servants\\nlias never been interrupted.\\nCON T A G 1 L S DIS K A S ES.\\nA similar terror in regard to smallpox often seized the\\ncity. When this disease jn-evailed, the city was actually\\nin a state of blockade. The country })eople shunned it\\nas an object of horrible dread. Ropes were stretched\\nacross the infected streets. Many families would not al-\\nlow their inmates to leave their lots for an}- cause. An\\nold citizen had a colored man who, he discovered, had\\nmade a forbidden visit to one of his ohl cronies. On his\\nreturn he was :-nioked with tar aiMl feathers to kill the", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "(46)\\npestilence. The same citizen owed a neighbor some\\nmone} He handed it to him tiirongh the fence with a\\npair of tongs. The doctors were kept busy with vaccina-\\nting. A nurse who had been attacked and cured of the\\ndisease could command any price. A country woman\\ncame into tvown to sell a bushel of potatoes, sitting on the\\nbag on horseback. She called at Mrs. Royster s and ask-\\ned her if she wished to buy her potatoes. Yes, said\\nMrs. Royster, I would like to buy. Before alighting\\nthe woman said, Mrs. Royster, I wish you would tell me\\nhonestly whether the small-pox is here? Yes, said\\nMrs. Royster, Don t you see the ropes across the streec\\nyonder? She started with a scream, put whip to her\\nhorse and raced him for miles, carrying the potatoes w.th\\nher. I record it to the honor of old Mr. Wm. Peck-,\\nwhose strong sense of justice was remarkable that, when\\nlie was the only grocer who had flour for sale, he refused\\nto sell it by the quantity but retailed it, a few pounds to-\\neach, to the families known to be needy.\\nScarlet fever aroused a feeling almost as intense a-s\\nsmall-pox. I myself remember when a camphor bag.\\nsuspended around the neck was as nece-sary an adjunct\\nto a school-boy as a shining morning face or as an Ele-\\nmentary Spelling Book-\\nPRICKS OF NECESSARIES.\\nIt is interesting to note the pri(;es of ai ticlesin ordinary\\nus I have examined the account liooks of W. J-\\nPeace, for 1S05 and 1814, kept in a beautiful manner,\\npage after page without erasure or blot or interlineation,\\nkept in pounds, -hillings and })encc. |2 to the 10 cts\\nto the shilling.\\nThe war of 1812 did not cause such rise in values as I\\nexpected\\nSalt in 1805 $1.75, in 1815 $4.75 per bushel Calico iii", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "(47)\\n1805 87i cts. per yd, in 1814 $1 per yd; Xails (8d) in\\n1805 20 cts. per 100, in 1814 25 cts. per 100 Shot in 1805\\n20 cts. per ft, in 1814 37|- per it) Tea in 1805 $2.50 per\\nft), in 1814 $3.20 per lb; Loaf Sagar in 1805 37^ cts. per\\nft), in 1814 50 cts. per lb.\\nThe prco of advertisements in the newspapers of the\\ncity continued for years, unafFocted by wars and financial\\npanics, not over twenty lines, for the first insertion, half a\\ndollar for each succeeding insertion, a quarter of a dollar.\\nDuring our late civil war the following were the prices^..\\nin February 18()5, when gold was selling at $1 for $50 Con-\\nfederate currency.\\nNails $3.50 per pound, in gold 7 cts Flour $500 per\\nbarrel, in gold $10 Quinine .$200 per oz, in gold $4 Mor^\\nphine $800 per oz, in gold $1().\\nThese prices were terrible to salaried men and mechanics,,\\nwhoso compensation by no means rose as Confederate*\\npciees depreciated.\\nTHE RALEGH ACADEMY.\\nThe attention of the people of Raleigh was early\\ndirected to the subject of education. The most active-\\nman in inaugurating schools was Joseph Gales, the editor\\nof the Register^ one of the most enlightened of the fathers\\nof Raleigh.\\nThe following is the list of the Trustees elected March\\n27th, 1802: .Joiin Ingles, Wm. White, Nathaniel Jones^\\n(of White Plain), Henry Beawell, Simon Turner, Wm..\\nBoylan, John Marshall, and Joseph Gales.\\nNathaniel Jones, who had donated $100, Avas chosen.\\nPresident, and Joseph Gales Secretary.\\nOne month afterwards $800 is reported subscribed and\\nsoon an academy is built b} permission of the General\\nAssembly, on urke square, one building for the males^\\none for the females.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "(48)\\nThis Academy became a power in the land. It ground-\\ned tlie education of nearly all the boys of that day in\\ncentral Xortli Carolina. It was the pride and glory of\\nRaleigh for the third of a century.\\nThe Academy began in grand style. In 1804 we read\\nan advertisement which announces the teachers as fol-\\nlows\\nRev. Marin Detargney (late of Princeton, and of the\\ncollege of Maryland) as Principal.\\nChesley Daniel, graduate of the University of jSTorth\\nCarolina, and late one of the Tutor s assistants.\\nMiss Charlotte Brodie, Teacher of Needle Work.\\nGreek, Latin, Spanish, French, Mathematics, with ap-\\nplication to the system of the World, Astronomy, Navi-\\ngation, etc., all at $5 per Cjuarter. A less amount might\\nbe had for $4 per quarter. The English branches for $3\\nper quarter, and Needle Work free.\\nSuch array of all the sciences seems to have been above\\nthe demands of young Raleigh, and in 1810 it is an-\\nnounced by William White, the Secretary of the Board?\\nthat the Trustees of the Academy had engaged the Rev.\\nWilliam McPheeters, from Virginia, a gentleman emi-\\nnently qualified for the undertaking, to become the\\nPrincipal of the Academy and Pastor of the City.\\nThe leaders in the great contest with the social and\\npolitical evils of the day, those who must drill the young\\nto their full powers and enable them to cope with the\\nactive adventurous, nothing fearing, all daring spirit of\\nthis age, are the teachers of the land. Our people cap-\\ntivated by the eloquence of the statesman, or the brilliant\\nachievements of the warrior do not fully appreciate the\\ngrandeur of their calling.\\nWe honor with abundaut praise that man by whose in-\\nvestigation into the laws of nature, rich harvests of golden\\ngrain beautify the sterile heath, fat cattle crop a grateful\\nfood on a thousand barren hills. How much more worthy", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "(49)\\nof histing glory is the luun l)y wlioso aid heavon-boni ideas\\nspring up and flourish in a desert mind, principles of noble\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2conduct in a moral waste, high aspirations for the beautiful\\nand sublime in the place of low and vulgar prejudice.\\nDr. Wra. MePheeters was one of the best of his class,\\npains-taking, conscientious, thorough, parental and kind to\\nthe dutiful, but a terror to the truant high-minded, brave\\nfrank, abhorring all meanness, he not only instructed the\\nminds of his boys, but he trained their consciences to aim\\nat his own lofty standard.\\nHe was, too, pastor of the city for several years. Tlis\\nministrations in the Commons Hall were attended by all,\\niiud Episcopalians and Baptists, Presbyterians and Metho-\\ndists, in their triumphs and their sorrows, on the bed of sick-\\nness, and in the hour of death, found in him a sympathiz-\\ning friend, a safe counsellor, a true, tried, well-armed\\nOreat-Heart.\\nUnder this remarkable man the Raleigh Academy grew\\nand nourished, and the Kaleigh people insensibly looking\\nup to him as a common guide, were a united community,\\nmipretentions, sociable, cordial to one another and cordial\\nto strangers.\\nDr. MePheeters did not consider his responsi1)ility for\\nthe morals of the children under his care to cease with the\\ndismissal of school on Friday evening. On Sunday morn-\\ning they were called to assemble at the Academy for Sun-\\nday School, and after the Presbyterian churcli was built in\\n1816, a procession was formed with the assistance of the\\nfemale teacher, Miss Nye, and all marched to the Presby-\\nterian church. On Monday the roll was called and woe to\\nthe chap who could not give a good reason for non-attend-\\nance. He firmly believed in nnoral suasion, provided it\\nwas rul)l)ed in with a little hickory and chin({uapiri oil.\\nAs illustrating his management, as well as displaying his\\ngrim humor, one of our best and most dignified citizens\\ntells me that, when a bov, he with two others concluded\\n4", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "(50)\\nthat hunting birds nests on Pigeon House Brancli was-\\nmore agreeable than learning the Shorter Catechism. Ac-\\ncordingly their handsome faces were not found for severaE\\nSundays in the procession marching from the Academy to-^\\nthe church. One morning the good Doctor drjdy observed,.\\nI have noticed that several of these boys are affected with jg.\\nnew disease the Sunday fever ^I have a sovereign remedjr\\nfor it and for fear it may prove contagious, I will now pro-\\nceed to administer it. Whereupon he drew forth his-\\nstout hickory and gave them such a dose as cured the fever*\\nnever to return. He was no respecter of persons regardedl\\nneither position nor the age of badly behaved boj s. Om\\none occasion he was about to whip a large youth, weighing;\\n175 lbs. The boy expostulated, Dr. I am too old to be-\\nwhipped. The reply was, As long as a boy misbehaves\\nhe is young enough to be punished.\\nIt is to the credit of the Ancient Freemasons that they\\nwere the first benevolent organization to occupy Raleiglr.-\\nThey even preceded any religious denomination.\\nThe first Lodge of Ancient Freemasons in the city ot\\nRaleigh was organized February 11th, 1793, at the house\\nof Warren Altord, under the charter granted by tlie Grand\\nLodge, Friday, December 14th, 1702, styled Democratic\\nLodofe, No. 21, with John Macon, Master; Rodman At-\\nkhis, Senior Warden and Gee Bradley, Junior Warden,-\\nThis Lodge existed for two or three years. Iliram Lodge-\\nNo. 40, was established under a dispensation of Wm. R\\nDavie, Grand Master^ dated the 10th day of March, 1799\\nwith Henry Potter, Master; John Marshall, Senior warden!;\\nand Robert Williams, Jr., Junior warden. Its charter\\nbears date 15th of December, 1800; was signed by Wm.\\nPolk, Grand Master. The names of many of the men who\\ncomposed the early membership of this Lodge are promi-\\nnently coimected with the history of Raleigh, either from;*^\\nits foundation or from a date not far remote from it. Tlie*\\nnames of Henry Potter, Theophius Hunter, John Marshall.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "r^l\\nWilliam Boylan, William Hill, Calvin Jones, William W.\\nSeaton, and many others are remembered now by the\\nMasonic Fraternity with fraternal reverence.\\nTlie Grand Lodge of Masons, after holding its commun-\\nications alternately in Tarborongli, Tlillsboro, Newbern and\\nFayettcville, met for the first time in Raleigh, on the 3rd day\\nof December, 1794. It has since held its Annual Communi-\\ncations in Raleigh. Many of our worthy citizens, some of\\nwhom are now living, have been and are 3 et active mem-\\nbers of this body. There are many interesting facts con-\\nnected with the history of this order in Raleigh, which I\\nregret cannot be given to you on this occasion.\\nCJIUKCHES..\\n\u00c2\u00a5oY a long time after tlie foundation ol the city the\\npeople worshipped in the Statediouse or the Court-iiouse,\\nonly too glad to listen to the teachings of the missionary\\nof any denomination who might tavor them with his mini-\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0i trations. The great Methodist Bishop Asbury records-\\nthat he officiated in the former place in 1800. When, in.\\nISIO, Dr. Wm. B. McPheetei-s was employed as prin-\\ncipal of the Raleigh Academy, it was announced that he\\nwas likewise engaged as Pastor of the City, and traditioin\\nhath it that for years he actually exercised this great charge\\nwith a wise and fearless hand.\\nThe tirst church edifice in the city was erected by\\nRev. Wm. Glendenning, a half crazy O Kellyite parson,\\nwho made money enough by trading on week days to\\nsup[)ort himself in preaching on Sundays. Thi.s was\\nwiiere the residence of Mr. X. S. Harp is now.\\nA Methodist church of wood was next erected on the\\nsite where the present building now stands, as we learn\\nfrom the excellent address of Prof. A. W.Mangum,on the\\nliistory of the Methodist Church in Raleigh. A Baptist\\nchurch was built in 1813 which had a singular history.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "(52)\\nIt was at first on a lot east of the Moore square, once\\ncalled Old Bapti.it Grove), was afterwards moved to the\\nsquare and was used by all the Baptists of the city until\\n1835. A lady friend remembers when each ])ious mem-\\nber, whenever services were conducted at night, carried\\nhis or her individual tallow candle to aid in the illumi-\\nnation of the l)uilding- ^which illustrates the wonderful\\ngrowth of that denomination in the city. In 1835 there\\nw-as a division in this church and the majority holding\\nthe building joined themselves to the sect called Chris-\\ntians. They gradually dwindled until since the war,\\nMr. Mark Williams, being the last survivor, sold the\\nbuilding to a colored congregation who removed it to a\\npart of the city known as Ilayti. The minority built\\nthe church at the corner of Wilmington and JNIorgan\\nstreets, which was afterwards ])urchased by the Catholics\\nwhen the Baptists erected the handsome Salisbury street\\nbuilding.\\nThe Presb} terian church, the first of any architectural\\npretensions, was finished in 1817, and is the only build-\\ning still occupied by the denomination which erected it.\\nIt was used with true christian liberality as the llouse\\nof Worship, not only by the Presbyterians, but by others.\\nIn the Farish Registers of Christ s Church, we find an\\nentry by Bishop Ravenscroft in his own hand-writing of\\nthe baptism in the Presbyterian church, in presence of the\\ncongregation, of an infant son of Episcopal parents, who\\nis now one of the most trusted officers of Christ churcli.\\nThe first Episcopal church was built in 1829, the con-\\ngregation before that time occupying a house known as\\nthe Museum. This was erected by Jacob Marling,\\nnear where the Citizens Bank stands, for the exhibition\\nof phantasmagaria, minerals, insects, mechanical inven-\\ntions and curosities, for a visit to which 12A cents a head\\nwas charged. The Episcopalians sold their building to", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "(53)\\ntlie colored Methodists, after erectiiiii their j)resont hand-\\nsome .c;ranite structure.\\nFlfiKS.\\nIt was in iS-il that hre c()m[)auies were lirst authoriz-\\ned, and in I8-26 provision was made for drafting in case\\ntliere were not snflicient volunteers. An engine had, lon r\\nago, as early as 1802, been i)urchased by voluntary con-\\ntribution. It may he of interest to some of my firemen\\niViends to state the prices of seventy-four years ago.\\nAn engine for 24 hands, tin-owing iO yards, 180 gallons\\nper minute, 8560.\\nOne for IS hands, throwing 100 gallons per minute.\\n47 yards, $414.\\nOne for 1 hands, throwing 44 yards, Ml gallons per\\nUHnute, ^o74.\\nThe cheapest of the above was bought lor Raleigh.\\nTile Rescue Steam Fire Engine can throw a H inch\\nstream a vertical height of 120 feet, (iOO gallons per\\nminute.\\nA brief notice of some of the princi{\u00c2\u00bbal lires in Raleigh\\nmav not be without interest, and may serve as warninas-\\nRaleigh has liad an uncommon share of disasters from\\nfire. All of Fayetteville street, on botii sides, from Martin\\nto the Caj)itol Square, except from the spot where Fraps\\nbeer garden reminds our German l)rethren of the glories\\nof the \\\\^iterland, to the corner where the Raleigh Na-\\ntional I ank reminds us that the time was when monev\\ncould be borrowed at six per cent, interest, and excepting\\none other house, have been swept b} fire, some parts\\ntwice, others three or four times.\\nThe first great fire on record was in ISIG, on the east\\nside of Fayetteville street, extending from Martin street\\nto Ilargett, and thence nearly to AVilmington street.\\nZach. Miller owned a store on the corner of Ilargett and", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "(54)\\nWilmington streets. He hail in liis house ten harreis of\\nvinegar stored. Not having water vvherewitli to encoun-\\nter the advancing fiames, he dashed upon them and on\\nhis smoking walls the precious apple juice, and stayed\\ntheir progress. My informant, our old friend, John K.\\nHarrison, tells me he remembers well how strangely the\\nyellow fluid looked as it streamed over the planks and\\nspluttered in the flames. The ill-fated water-works here-\\nto mentioned were the result of this fire of 1816.\\nIn 1821 a second fire broke out near the site where the\\nmarket house stands, an.d, without interruption, the flames\\nrushed to Hargett street, sweeping all in tlieir r\u00c2\u00bbath.\\nHere they leaped across to the opposite corner and levelled\\nto the earth all the buildings on both sides of Hargett,\\ntwo dreadful jxirallel columns of tire to Wilmington\\nstreet. I hey likewise hurried north with unchecked\\nfury, until stoi)ped by the unconquerable energy and\\npluck of a Avoman.\\nThis lady deserves especial mention on an occasion\\nlike this. Her house stood, a two storied wooden buihl-\\ning, where Tucker s handsome hall rears its iron front.\\nIt was about 20 feet from the nearest house on the south\\nand a little further from its next neighbor on tin North.\\nShe was a widow, sister of our venerable old friend still\\nliving (Mrs. Lucas) the daughter of Casso, who has been\\nmentioned as keeper of one of the principal hotels. By\\nlier unaided exertions in keeping a private boarding\\n;house she w;is rear.ncr the large familv. the niembei-s of\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0wdiich are among our best citizens.\\nNot only in the conflagration of which I speak, but\\nafterwards when the fire demon, starting from tlie corner\\nluxt to Capitol squitre, moved down, levelling all the\\nliouses on its way, and assailed her from the north, did\\nthis heroic woman stand like a bulwark against the on-\\nward march of the flames. While the hearts of others\\nfailed, hers stood firm. While strong men gazed, helj", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "(55)\\n^ess and despairing-, at ihe grand but awful sight, she\\nsprang forth to active conflict with the danger. She\\n:Spurrcd on the lagging, she animated the faint hearted,\\nshe heeded not the advancing column of the liames, the\\nfalling cinders, the suffocating smoke, the crasliing tim-\\nbers; she forgot for a time the natural timidity of her sex.\\nArmed with wet blankets and hastily filled buckets, siie\\nstood in the very jaws of the terrible heat, until others,\\n.-shamed into action by the recklessness of her daring,\\nlushed to her aid. Twice she conquered. Twice did she\\nsave from destruction her own propert} and long rows of\\nilier neighbors houses. Among her contemporaries her\\npraise was in the mouths of all. Let our young men and\\nyoung women remend)er the deeds, and honor the name\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0of Mrs. Hannali Stewart.\\nIt will grieve you all, I know, to learn that, twenty\\nyears afterwards, when old age had diminished her\\nstrength, she was again assaulted by her ancient foe, and\\n.this time defeated. A fire broke out in Depkin s shoe\\n:shop, the nearest house on the north, and from sudden\\n^icss of the attack and the direction of the wind, her\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2dwelling, so often s-aved, was destroyed. The flames\\n.again swept down to and along llargett street, until\\nchecked within one house of Wilmington street. The\\nJiose of the engine was burst soon after it was brought\\ninto action. The water llowed on the ground and mix-\\ning with earth formed an improm])tu imitation of Fay-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2etteville street, as once macadamized by the transcendent\\ngenius of our city commissioners, with thick layers of\\nsoft red clay from the basement, of the market house.\\nThe ready witted firemen gathered this plastic material by\\nhandsfuU and buckets full, and dashing it against tiie\\nwalls of the threatened store, formed a non-conductor, im-\\npervious to heat. The fire was extinguished and the\\ngrateful citizens dultbed, I should say (hmbcd, this heroic", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "(56)\\nband as the mud company, and this well-earned name\\nstuck fast up to the day of its dissolution.\\nThose tracing titles to propert}^ are often perplexed by\\ninability to find records of deeds made over forty years\\nago. This is in consequence of the loss of twenty registry\\nbooks in a disastrous lire, which originated in the store\\nof Richard Smith, the county Register, which was located\\nat the corner where an excellent friend of ours, A.\\nCreech, sells goods. This fire was caused by an incen-\\ndiary, Benjamin F. Seaborn, who kindled the flame in\\norder to hide his theft of the money of his employer. On\\nthis occasion all the buildings on the west side of Fay-\\netteville, from Hargett street to the Capitol Square were\\ndestroyed, except the Newbern banking house, now the\\nresidence of ^r. Haywood. It will be a great satisfaction\\n10 the lawyers, when groaning over thel oss of the registry\\nbooks, as it was to the citizens of Raleigh, to know that\\nSeaborn, afler removing hi? trial to Fayetteville, and ob-\\ntaining, by an appeal to the Supreme Court, an excel-\\nlent opinion against him from Judge Ruffin, was hungv\\nas he deserved to be.\\nBURNING OF THE CAPriOL.\\nIn 1831 occurred an event of momentous consequence\\nto the people of Raleigh, which not only caused great loss\\nof itself but, according to tradition, came near ruining the\\ncity. This was the burning of the Capitol. The old State\\nHouse way constructed in 1792. It was described as whol-\\nly without architectural beauty, an ugly mass of brick and\\nmortar. Ii was repaired in 1822, under the supervision of\\nCapt. AVm. Nichols, an experienced architect, who covered\\nits dingy walls with stucco, and rendered it more sightly\\nby the addition of porticos and a dome. The form of the\\nbuilding was similar to the present noble granite structure", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "(r 7)\\nwhich, by its unpretending but stately beauty, fitly repre-\\nsents the soUd virtues of North CaroUna character.\\nBy a freak of liberality, unusual in those good old days,\\nwhen the State never spent over $90,000 a year for all\\npurposes, when taxes were six cents on the $100 value of\\nreal estate only, and personal property was entirely\\nexempt, the General Assembly had placed in the rotunda\\na magnificient statue of A\\\\ ^ashington, of Carrata marble,\\nby the great Canova, It was the pride and boast of the\\nState. Our people remembered with peculiar pleasure\\nthat La Fayette had stood at its base and commended\\nthe beauty of the carving and the fitness of the honor, to\\nthe great man under whom he had served in our war for\\nIndependence, and whom he regarded witli a passionate\\nand reverential love.\\nThe carelessness of an artisan engaged in covering the\\nroof, lost this great work of art to the State. On the\\nmorning of the 21st of June, 1831, while the sun shone\\nbright in the heavens, flames were seen issuing from the\\nroof The owls and flying squirrels, which had built their\\nnests among the rafters, hastened through the ventilator\\nto escape from the doomed building, followed by thick\\nsmoke and then by bright flame. With no such power-\\nful machine as the Rescue engine,the progress of the fire\\nwas unchecked. A few citizens, incited by a gallant little\\nlady, Miss Betsy Geddy, who had all the spirit of her Re-\\nvolutionary fathers, endeavored with frantic haste to re-\\nmove the statue. But its great weight was too much for\\ntheir strength. They were forced to witness its desiruction.\\nFort}^ years have not erased from iheir memories the\\nsplendors of the closing scene of this drama. For man}\\nminutes, like its great original, serene and unmoved\\namong the fires of Monmouth or of Trenton, the statue\\nstood, the central figure of numberless blazing torches,\\nuntouched and majestic, every lineament and feature and\\ngraceful darpery white hot and of supernatural brill-", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "(5S)\\niancy and beauty. Then suddenly the burning timbers\\nfell, and the master-piece of Canova, was a mass of broken\\nfragments.\\nROCKY EKANCII NAVIGABLE.\\nI have said that, according to tradition, this tire came\\nnear raining our city. Haywood was in old times an\\nambitious little village, situate as you know, at the con-\\nfluence of the Haw and Deep rivers. The digging of the\\nErie canal across the State of New York, and the great\\nincrease to the commerce and wealth of New York City,\\ncaused thereby, aroused a wild, speculative fever on the\\nsubject of canal and navigation works throughout the\\nwhole country. Civil engineers could not be manufact-\\nured fast enough to supply the demand. In this State,\\nso eager were the statesmen of the day, headed by Judge\\nMurphy, President of the Board of Internal Improve-\\nments, to realize, the vast benefits to accrue from the\\nnavigation of our water courses, that Peter Browne, the\\neminent lawyer, then in Scotland, wasauthorized to send\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0out an engineer at any price for which he could be ob-\\ntained. In those days of low salaries, when the Secretary\\nof State and Treasurer received only a few hundred dol-\\nlars per annum, the Intendant of Police in Raleigh noth-\\ning, and all the Clergymen of the county of Wake put\\ntogether only received i?3,.500. Mr. Browne, an able, hard-\\nheaded, long headed and 5^7 ware-headed Scotchman, was\\nobliged to pay $6,000 per year in gold, salary to Mr.\\nHamilton Fulton, for his services. Great works were pro-\\njected. Tar River was to be made navigable to Louis-\\nburg. The corn and wheat of the Yadkin Valley as high\\nas Wilkes, of the Broad River, in Rutherford, of Haw\\nRiver in Alamance, of Neuse River, up to Orange county,\\nof the Roanoke and Dan, up to tiie county of Stokes, of\\nDeep River to the interior of Randolph, were to be trans-", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "(59)\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0ported to the ocean in ennal boats. A dam across Koa-\\niioke Sound \\\\va=! to force the water to re open Nag s TTead\\nInlet.\\nT have before me tlie estimate for connecting Kocky\\nBranch at tlieFayctteville road crossing, at Tucker s Mill,\\nwith the ocean, by way of Walnut creek and Neuse river.\\nThe fall from the I ^iyetteville road to Neuse river is\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0seventy-four feet three inches. The distance is ten miles\\nfour furlongs and eleven rods. From the mouth of Walnut\\ncreek to Major Turner s ferry (below Smithfield) the des-\\ncent is 60 feet, S inches. The distance is 51 miles, fur-\\nlongs 8 yards.\\n1 have also the survey from the Kimbrough Jones\\nl)ridge down Crab tree to Neuse river. The descent is\\noidy 23 feet 10 inches, the distance 8 miles furlongs, 11\\nynrds.\\nThe engineer advises against making Walnut creek\\nand Rocky branch navigable for 4 reasons. 1st, the\\nsinuosities, 2d, the number of dams and locks required to\\novercome the fall, od, the flatness and width of the val-\\nleys, 4th the purchase of tlie lowlands flooded.\\nBut Mr. Fulton sees no difliculty in making Crabtree\\nnavigable. I have his estimates includiiiiz a rail road\\nfrom Raleigh to the creek at thelvimbrough .Jones bridge.\\nTotal $35,25.\\nThe Engineer seems to recommend a railway (or tram-\\nway) from Raleigh to Neuse river 9 miles, making the\\ntotal cost of connecting Raleigh with the ocean $27,87\\nTo us who have witnessed so many failures in naviga-\\ntion works it seems strange that sensible men should have\\ncredited these estimates, yet they were credited and acted\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2on. We had a Neuse River Navigation Company in\\nwhich our people took stock, paid in their money and\\nelected their oflicers. They built boats and launched\\nthem. Mr. James II. Murray so long known among us\\ni\\\\s the fearless and incorruptible Constable of the city, as", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "(60)\\nCaptain of a flat-boat, made one trip from Stone s (now\\nW. R. Pool s) mill on the Xeuse to Newbern, and after\\nmany and tedious da} she retuined. And that was the\\nend of makin.2; Raleigh a seaport town.\\nTo those who indulged in all these visions, Ilaj woody\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2at the confluence of the Haw and the Deep, seemed to be\\nthe exact spot for building a new London, or Paris, Liver-\\npool or Glasgow, New York or Philadelphia. It was a\\ncentral point, certainly to be joined to the ocean, tlie\\nland high, health}^ and suitable to the location of a city.\\nIt seemed so certain that Haywood should be the metroj)-\\nolis of North Carolina that many of the leading men of\\nthat day bought lots and hoped to be millionaires.\\nWhen therefore after the burning of the Capitol in\\n1831, the General Assembly was called on for appropria-\\ntions to re-build, in such a manner as not to incur the\\nrisk of loss by fire, the new State house, Hugh McQueen,\\nof Chatham, put in a claim for Haywood. It is true\\nRaleigh was fixed, unalterable except b}^ a convention of\\nthe people. But then a new convention was shortly to\\nbe held. It is firmly believed among our old people that\\nHaywood failed by only one vote. I must confess that I\\nam unable to verify this legend. It is true that in Dec.\\n1831 the proposal to rebuild the Capitol in Union\\nsquare was voted down 68 to 65 in the House of Com-\\nmans, but that does not prove that a |)ro})Osa] to build at\\nHaywood would have been carried b} the same vote.\\nCertain it is that in Dec. loth 1831, the bill to appro-\\npriate $50,000 towards rebuilding the Capitol here passed\\nthe House by 73 to GO and the Senate by 35 to 28.\\nKEBUILDIX(i OF S I ATE-HOUSE.\\nThe State house of Raleigh (the old acts call it by this\\nname,borrowed from our Holland allies, thenameCapitol\\nborrowed from Rome is of later growth), is a signal ex-", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "(CI)\\nnmple of Legislature;^. building better than they knevv.\\nIt was well known at the date of the first appropriation\\nthat the inexperienced members of the interior counties\\nfully expected that the sum of $50,000 would complete\\nthe new edifice and have it ready for occupany in a year\\nor two. The old building of r7*. 2, of brick from the\\n})ul)lic brick-yard on lots No. loS and lol was, by the act,\\nto cost onl}^ S20,00(). The repairing of the same, the ad-\\ndition of porticos, it c, in ISli) was paid for out of the\\nsale of the public lands east of the city and that cost was\\nnot known. If $20,000 could build a house in 1792, why\\ncould not $50,000 in 1832?\\nThe first commissioners were among our strongest and\\nbest men, William Boylan, Duncan Cameron, AV illiam\\nS. Mhoon, Henry Seawell and liomulus M. Saunders.\\nThey were succeeded by such eminent men as Samuel\\nF. Patterson, Beverly Daniel, Charles AHuily. Alfred\\nJones, Charles L. Plinton.\\nThese commissioners were enlightened men and de\\nserve great credit for their jierservance and courage\\nin giving us a building worthy of the State. Demagogues\\ncriticised them, Legislative committees carped at them,\\nbut they were in all respects sustained not only by the\\nLegislatures, but bv the people.\\nI am enabled to give you the cost of the building as\\nfinally summed up in 1S40, viz: $530,084.15.\\nI have found and copied a full description by David\\nPaton, who, after the first year or two, became the\\narchitect. 1 will not I cad the whole but will mention\\nnow that the building is 100 x 140 feet. It is 04.] fee^\\nhigh to top of dome; to apex of the j)ediment, G4 feet.\\nThe columns are 5 feet 2\\\\ inches m diameter and 30 feet\\nhigh. The entablature, including blockinL^ is 12 feet\\nhigh. The columns and entablature are Grecian-Doric,\\ncopied from the Parthenon at Athens. The dome is de-\\ncorated after the manner of the monument called the", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "(02)\\nLantern of Demostlienes. The lobbies and bull of the\\nHouse of Representatives have columns and antiis model-\\ned after the Octagon Tower of Andronicus Cyrrhestes,\\nand the plan of the hall is that of a Greek Theatre.\\nCOMPLETION OF K. ct G- R. R.\\nThe same year that the Capitol was finished, the lirst lo-\\ncomotive steamed to Raleigh over the Raleigh and Gaston\\nRailroad. The name of the locomotive, the Tornado, ex-\\npressed fitly the wild excitement which swept through the\\nbosoms of the people. It was determined to hold a cele-\\nbration in honor of the double event, the completion of\\nthe Railroad and completion of the Cnj ito!.\\nFor three days in June was this celebration held..\\nEverybody s door was thrown wide open. From distant\\ncounties, from the cities of \\\\^irginia, men, women and\\nchildren flocked in to see the new wonder. Rufhn s;\\nRichmond band discoursed sweet music for the occasion\\nThe Tornado wao constantly employed in making ex-\\ncursion trips into the country for the delectation of visit\\nors. A grand procession under the marshalling of Gen..\\nBeverly Daniel, marched IVoui the Court house to the;\\ndepot.\\nThere, on tive tables each 90 feet long, wasspre i.\\nmighty dinner, j^repared by the best etfbrts of Mrs. liui\\nnab Stewart. Gov, Dudley wn.s President. AVeston R..\\nGales was toastniaster. The Vice-Presidents were Gas-\\nton, Iredell, Branch, Bryan, Ilinton, Mordecai, Patterson^\\nDr. Jos. AV. Hawkins, Dr. Watson Dupuy. There weie-\\n13 regular toasts, and 70 volunteer toasts. Speeches grave\\nand gay, eloquent and witty, were delivered. -ludge-\\nGaston s speech was worthy of the finest orators of the-\\ncentury.\\nAt night thetrees of the Capitol square were illuminated;\\nwith colored lamps, and similar lamps on P\\\\ayetteville", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "(63)\\nstreet made a splendid vista oi brilliaiicy, terminated by the\\nCapitol and the Governor s Mansion, whoreevery window\\nwas a blaze of light. Every important house in the city\\nwas illuminated. Gorgeous transparencies could be every\\nwhere seen. One was a representation of the Capitol, an-\\nother of a Locomotive, another of mountains and the sea.\\nGay couples danced in Commons Hall under the light of\\nthe old chandelier, while in the Senate chamber the\\nmore staid talked over the great wonders of the Iron\\nHorse, the splendid architecture around them, the Presi-\\ndential Campaign on which they were entering.\\nTHE FIRST RAILROAD IN NORTH CAROLINA.\\nOne of the toasts given at the grand dimior was sent b_y\\nMr. Wm, I eck. Tt was to the distinguished female who-\\nsuggested the construction of the Experimental Railroa(.l..\\nShe well deserves a name among the benefactors of the\\nfetate.\\nThe Kaleigh Experimental Railroad Avas the first at-\\ntempt at a railroad built in North Carolina. It was a cheap\\nstrap iron tramway, costing $22p0 per mile. It was the\\nsuggestion of Mrs. Sarah Polk, the widow of Col. Wm. Polk,\\nand the mother of Bishop Polk. She l)ecame the principal\\nstockholder, which showed lior liaancial judgment, for it\\npaid over three hundred per cent. Capt. Daniel H. Bing-\\nham was the Engineer, an accomplished scholar who\\ntaught a mihtary school in Saunders house, on Ilillsboro\\nstreet, and was assisted by two of his advanced students\\nDr. R. B. Haywood, of this city, and Col. Wm. C. Abbott,\\nof Mississippi. The road ran from the east pociUfn of the\\nCapitol to the stone quarry, turning to the right at the\\nIlutchings House until it reached the middle of the ridge^\\na hundred yards south of Xewbern Avenue thence down\\nsaid ridge to within iifty yards of Camp Russel thence\\nbending to the right, ruiming under the site of Lambright s-", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "(04)\\nBeer Garden, and so on to the qnany. Quite a deep cut\\nwas made in the Capitol square, which was afterwards filled\\nnp with the debris of the yard. A six foot embankment\\nwas raised in front of Dr. Little s residence, and a part of\\nthe embankment is yet visible at the Hutchings House, a\\nrow of elms having been planted on it. It was finished\\nJanuary 1st, 1833, and a handsome car was put on it, as\\nwas announced, for the accommodation of such ladies\\nand gentlemen as desired to take the exercise of a railroad\\nairing. The motive power was a good old horse that was\\nwarranted not to run away. People came from the adjoin-\\ning counties to avail themselves of this opportunity, and\\nthe passenger car often interfered with the regular car for\\niiauling stone.\\nREMOVAL OF THE MARKET.\\nThe market house was, in the early part of the century,\\na small octagonal house in the middle of Fayetteville\\nstreet. It was afterwards on Hargett street, between Fay-\\netteville and Wilmington. Shops for the sale of spirit-\\nuous liquors clustered around it in such numbers that\\ntliis portion was called Grog Alle}^ the scene of much\\ndrinking and disorder, of many a fisticuff figlit and oc-\\ncasionally a homicide. A party was formed for the re-\\nmoval of the market to its present location, which party\\nafter a fierce struggle,succeeded in carrying the municipal\\nelection in 1840. The conquerors were so elated that\\nthey marched through Grog Alley with torches and\\nshouts of victory. This so irritated the valorous inhabi-\\ntants of that place of resort that a bloody riot ensued, the\\nonly riot in the history of the city. Brickbats and other\\nmissiles flew so furiously that the victors retreated in\\ngreat disorder without the loss of a man. It was in this\\nbattle that the expression who struck l illy Patterson,\\narose. Patterson being a noted free negro of stuttering\\nfame, who Avas smitten b} an unknown assailant.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "(Ga)\\nThis new Market liouse was burnt in 1865 and the\\nMarket house debt of $50,000, now afflicting the city,\\nwas incurred in erecting the present building.\\nGROWTH OF THE CITY.\\nThe increase of population and risein value of property\\nsince the beginning of the century need some mention.\\nThe total population in 1807 was 726.\\nIn 1810 this had increased to 976.\\nThirty years after, in 1840, we find the population\\n2,240, very little over twice as much in thirty years.\\nIn 1850, however, we find the population 4,518, having\\nincreased as much in ten years as it had done before in\\nthirty.\\nThis increase was probably due to the certainty of Ral-\\neigh s continuing to be the seatof Government, caused\\nby the completion of the Capitol and to the increased\\ncommunication caused by the finishing of the Raleigh\\nand Gaston Railroad.\\nBut the city seems to have stood still in the decade from\\n1850 to 1860, increasing only to 4,780 in the aggregate.\\nIndeed as the corporate limits were extended in 1856, the\\ninference seems to be that there was a positive decrease.\\nIn 1870, however, the number is proved to be 7,700,\\nand in 1876 it is generally supposed to be over 10,000.\\nIn 1870, Raleigh township, being a square whose sides\\nare distant one mile from the Capitol, had 2,379 inhabi-\\ntants, besides those in the corporate limits, so that the\\npopulation of Raleigh, including those living in its out-\\nskirts and contributing to its wealth, was 10,169.\\nIn 1860 this outside population was very small in com-\\nparison to that of 1870.\\nI conclude that Raleigh more than doubled in the de-\\ncade from 1860 to 1870, nearly all of which increase was", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "(GG)\\nafter 1865, and certainly there has been a marked in-\\ncrease since 1 870.\\nThe increase in the value of property in Raleigh has\\nbeen striking, especially in localities near the market\\nhouse.\\nThe lot on the corner of Martin and Wilmington,\\nstreets, on part of which the Adams building rears its\\nimposing front, 140 by 120, was bought for $2,500 in\\nNovember, 1851. In February, 1874, nine-fourteenths of\\nit were sold for $15,050, at the rate of over $22,000 for\\nthe whole.\\nThe ground where the Citizens National Bank stands\\nwas bought about thirty years ago for $2,200. It was\\nsold at auction in 18G8 for $8,200.\\nThe southeast corner of Fayetteville and Martin streets\\nwas bought by Dr. F. J. Haywood in 1 838 for $750, and\\nsold in 1872 for $10,000 cash. It has been rented as high\\nsince the war as $1,200 per year and generally at $800\\n$1,000.\\nThe lot fronting 105 feet on Fayetteville street, owned\\nby the late E. B. Freeman, was bought about 1858 for\\n$3,500. It was sold in 1875 for $7,100.\\nVarious vacant lots,worth before the war, $400 or $500\\nto $800 have been easily sold since the war at $2,000 to\\n$3,000 per acre.\\nThe half acre where Dr. Wm. Little lives between\\nNewbern, Blount and Edenton streets, was bought in\\n1838 for $500. It was sold two or^three years ago for $2,-\\n000 cash.\\nThe Bank lot, including this half acre, sold for $4,500\\nin 1838. In 1867 it brought $11,025 at auction.\\nThe increase of the trade of the city has been as as-\\ntonishing as the rise of property. The cotton trade of\\nRaleigh has increased from 500 to 600 bales 10 years ago\\nto bales in 1875 and during this year the trade will\\nhandle over 40,000 bales and the receipts are increasing", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "(07)\\never} year about fifteen counties sending their produc-\\ntions to us.\\nTile dry goods trade lias advanced in astonishing ratio.\\nWhen in 1852 AV, II. R. S. Tucker, who have been\\npioneers in mercantile adventure knoclied out the parti-\\ntion of their old store, now used by the Express Corn-\\npan} and increased its length to 100 feet, they were\\nlooked on as so daring that an old kinsman refused on\\nthis account to be surety on their papei When after the\\nwar in ISGG they further dared to construct Tucker Ilall,\\nthe finest store in the State, they equally defied what\\nsome thought the rule of prudence. But in each case the\\nsuccess justified the venture. Their sales have been .300\\nper cent, over what they were before the war.\\nThe noble buildings along Fayetteville and Martin\\nstreets, the Briggs Building, the Fisher Building, the\\nHolleman Building, the Adams Building, the State Na-\\ntional Bank, the Andrews Building, the Citizens Bank\\nBuilding, the enlargement of the Yarborough House, the\\nISTational Hotel, the completion of Peace Institute and\\nBaptist Seminary, and many smaller, but in the aggre-\\ngate, very important edifices, and the magnificent private\\nresidences on Blount and other streets, together with\\ncountless cheaper dwellings in all parts of the city, the\\nhomes of the rich as well as of our mechanics, show that\\nwe have entered on a new era of prosperity. The gener-\\nal grocery and hardware business have grown so\\nenormously that it may be said they have been created\\nwithin the last ten years.\\nAnd all this improvement is in despite of the want of\\nbanking capital.\\nThe total banking capital of Raleigh is only $(300,000.\\nAs the bonds required under the National banking act\\nfor the issue of currency were of necessity bought in New\\nYork, and as the maximum currency allowed to be issu-\\ned is ninety per cent, of the bonds, the banks actually", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "(68)\\nsent out of the community considerably more money\\nthan they brought in. The Bank of North Carolina had\\n$2,500,000 capital, and after parceling off to thebranches\\nwhat they required could, before the war, reserve for Ral-\\neigh what our people needed. In those days a solvent\\nman could always get money in bank on proper securit}^\\nat six per cent. Since the war the percentage has been\\nas high often as 18 and 24 per cent, and frequently can\\nnot be had at any price, not even with the best collaterals.\\nGreat foitunes measured by a North Carolina standard,\\nhave been accumulated b} industry and thrift in Ral-\\neigh. For the encouragement of young men I will give\\nsome striking instances, not mentioning any living per-\\nson.\\nThe late William Boylan must have been worth nearl}*\\na million when he died. The foundation of it was laid\\nhere. Part of this however was in the increase of slaves,\\nwhich in some instances was very great. In the first place\\nthe intrinsic value advanced. The highest price I can\\nfind paid for the best man about 1801 was $425. In\\n18G0, $1,500 was not uncommon. But the natural in-\\ncrease in the number of slaves was often enormous. Mr.\\nBoylan some years ago gave $300 for a young woman\\nand talked about suing the seller for her unsoundness.\\nThat woman had twenty-four children, fifteen of whom\\ngrew up and were valuable. Gov. Swain had a woman\\nwho was a grand mother at the age of twenty -six. But\\nthere are striking cases of great accumulation of wealth\\nwhere it was not in negro property.\\nMr. Ruffin Tucker came into Raleigh as a clerk at a\\nsalary of $25 per year. He was obliged to furnish his own\\ncandles. His employer thought sunlight cheaper. He\\ndied possessing a large estate, part of which was the very\\nstore where he had commenced life so j)lainly.\\nWilliam and Joseph Peace made all their large estate\\nbv merchandising in Raleigh, and the rise of city prop-", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "(GO)\\nerty. And Richard Smith started life as an humble clerk.\\nThe real estate he left is worth largely over $100,000.\\nAnd there are divers men in Raleigh, worth now from\\n$50,000 to $80,000, who at the end of the war had not a\\ntwentieth part of it. Let my young friends remember\\nthat it is extravagance which ruins so many fortunes.\\nMicawber sums up it up exactly: Annual income \u00c2\u00a320;\\nannual expenditures \u00c2\u00a319.10.^. Result, happiness. Annual\\nincome \u00c2\u00a320 annual expenditure \u00c2\u00a320.10s. Result, misery.\\nThe God of Night goes down on the cheerful day. In\\nfact you are floored.\\nI must bring this series of .sketches to a close, leaving\\nmuch unsaid of great interest and value. It would be a\\npleasing task, if I had time, to continue the history of the\\ninstitutionsofour city to the present. I would like to tell of\\nmore of the great and good men who have resided among\\nus, learned divines, members of the bar, of the medical\\nfraternity, of the counting house, of the woikshop of the\\nladies who were distinguished in church, in the social\\ncircle, in charitable work, in the instruction of youth. I\\nwould like to give the history of the Tress of Raleigh\\nfrom the Register^i\\\\\\\\Q 3Iinerva,ihe Star, down to the news-\\npapers of our day of the schools, male and female, which,\\nsince the days of McPheeters, have done so much good\\nin the land of their teachers, especially of those, my\\npreceptors, whom I remember so afFectionatel\\\\% Rev.\\nEdwin Gier, John Y. Ilicks, Silas Bigelow, and that\\nnestor of the school-room, still pursuing his honorable\\ncalling, J. M. Lovejoy of the Episcopal school for boys,\\nunder the late learned Librarian of the Astor Library of\\nXew York and Rev. Dr. Curtis, distinguished as a bota-\\nnist among all the savans of the world and then of St.\\nMary s school for girls, which, under Rev. Dr. Smedes,\\nhas been shedding abroad its light for thirty-five years,\\nand of those other excellent schools of more recent origin.\\nPeace Institute, under Rev. Dr. Burwell,and the Baptist", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "(70)\\nFemale Seminary, under Prof. Hobgood. I would like\\nto describe the beginnings and progress of the societies\\nof Raleigh the Masonic order, the Odd Fellows, Knights\\nof Pythias, Sons of Temperance, Friends of Temperance,\\nGood Templars the Fire Companies, Military Compa-\\nnies, Insurance Companies. A sketch of the Banks of\\nRaleigh, of the progress of the Churches, of the Cem-\\neteries, would be instructive, and then I would like to\\nnarrate the trials of our people in the great civil war,\\nof its occupation b} the armies of the Confederacy and\\nby the armies of the Union, of the part taken by our\\nboys in that great strife, their victories, their defeats,\\ntheir sufferings, their deaths. And then I would give\\nI give it now, with my whole heart -a sentiment uttered\\nwith great enthusiasm at a dinner had March loth, 1815,\\nafter peace with Great Britain was declared\\nTo THE HEPxOES ON EACH SIDE wlio havc fallen in the\\nlate war. The memory of the brave is consecrated by\\nthe love of their countrymen and hallowed by the ad-\\nmiration of the world.\\nThe great civil war is like a mighty flood between the\\nold time and the new. The habits and ways of the\\nRaleigh of thirty years ago are becoming unknown\\namong us they are mere matters of tradition to our\\nchildren. They are passing away, those dear, good, kind-\\nly-loving people of the old school. Many have crossed\\nthe deep and dark river, and have been lifted up the\\nfarther banks by the angels of light. A iew still linger,\\ntheir feet almost touching the swift water as it rushes\\npast. Let us who are taking their place among the old\\nfolks of Raleigh strive to follow their virtues and reap\\ntheir reward.\\nI have known Raleigh well for thirty-six years. She\\nhas been a loving mother to me. Her people have been\\nto me as brothers and sisters. Stern, imperious duty will\\nsoon demand my most active labors elsewhere. I feel I", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "(71)\\nwill carry your good wishes with me. I know I will nev-\\ner abate my good will and affection for you. If I have\\ncontributed in any degree to arouse your feelings of city\\npride, to infuse into any of you one glorious resolve to\\nbe worthy of our good city s past, to lift her to a higher\\nposition among the foci of civilization and religion, I will\\nhave reaped my reward.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "ERRATA\\nOn page 34, for seven hundred read ^ei(/ht hundred.\\n40, for Americus read AilllLllb. 6 ^t.W -C* -^C ^4*^\\n47, for Confederate r?ces read Confederate c !frre?\u00c2\u00ab^y.\\n57. for carrata read carrara.\\n63, near the bottom, for east portion read east portico.", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "-^m\\ni^\\nc^^\\n-**^f\\n^cc\\nf -c err-\\nS^ ^^:\u00c2\u00a7\u00c2\u00abl^\u00c2\u00ab^^\\n^1^\\n^t\\n^\u00c2\u00ab-f-\\nr 2", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "c\\nill i\\nJ\\n5 t S\\nCC 2:\\nI cC\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0C\\ntCkC\\nC\\nc.\\nC LCi\\nCL\\nc\\n/^rir\\n1\\nV\\n:0 .c:.\\n^;fe.\\nL\\n-^vs^-^\\n3: c^J^ C\\nc t\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2I gvt", "height": "3143", "width": "1911", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3243", "width": "2011", "jp2-path": "sketchesofearlyh00batt_0094.jp2"}}