{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3907", "width": "2393", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "^0^\\n^7** A\\nV V\\nS .,v..,\\no--* ^o\\no. T7i A\\n0^ lJ^.^c\\n4q\\n\u00c2\u00b04. J V--^\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0v*^^-\\\\*\u00c2\u00b0\\n0^ \u00e2\u0099\u00a6T^* A\\n-^AO*\\n-^^0^ r.\\nr. A^ ^%^/kr c^^ *^fSiii -e^\\no\\nV^*y rrr.%c\\nvr. ^9\\n^vP.", "height": "3902", "width": "2205", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": "~v-^^\\nve.0^\\nv\\\\^\\n^_.\\nC\\n*bv\\nV ^0\\n.^\\\\.v..\\n^^-n^.", "height": "3912", "width": "2200", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3896", "width": "2018", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "INFORMATION AND STATISTICS\\nBESrECTING\\nWILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA,\\nBEING A REPORT BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE PRODUCE\\nEXCHANGE.\\nPRESENTED TO ITS MEMBERS. APRIL, 1883.\\nEutered according to Act of Congress in the year 1883, by James .Spruut, in the office of\\nthe Librarian of Congress, at Washington.\\nWILMINGTON N. C:\\nJACKSON BELL, WATER-rOWEB TilESSES\\nJ8S3.", "height": "3896", "width": "2018", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "INDEX.\\nPAGE.\\nSettlement of Wilmington 5\\nSanitary Condition 8\\nCity Government 21\\nCity Finances 23\\nBoard of Audit and Finance 25\\nCity Contracts 88\\nCity Police Department 39\\nCity Fire Dei)artment 40\\nCity Hospital 42\\nCounty Government 43\\nSux)erior and Criminal Courts 44\\nCounty Magistrates 45\\nStatement of the Financial Condition of New Hanover\\nCounty 47\\nPopulation 49\\nStatistics of Population and Schools 50\\nPublic Schools 51\\nUnion Free School 57\\nTileston Normal School 62\\nChurches 64\\nSecret and Benevolent Societies 65\\nLadies Benevolent Society 67\\nSt. George and St. Andrew Society 68\\nHibernian Benevolent Society 69\\nSeaman s Friend Society 70\\nSt. James Home 73", "height": "3896", "width": "2018", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "INDEX.\\nPAGE.\\nNewspapers 76\\nCommissioners of Navigation and Pilotage. 82\\nPort Wardens 93\\nPort Charges and Facilities 95\\nCustom House Returns 99\\nForeign Carrying Trade 101\\nForeign Consuls and Dates of Appointment 103\\nNotaries Public 104\\nUnited States Courts 104\\nImprovement of Cape Fear River and the Bar, below\\nWilmington 105\\nOcean and River Steam Navigation Companies 112\\nImprovement of Cape Fear River between Wilmington\\nand Fayetteville ;.114\\nLillington River (Long Creek) Improvements 120\\nDry Docks 122\\nMarine Railway 122\\nWilmington and Weldon R. R 122\\nWilmington, Columbia and Augusta R. R 127\\nCarolina Central Railroad 130\\nClinton Point Caswell Railroad 131\\nDux)lin Canal Company 132\\nInland Water- Way 139\\nFirst National Bank of Wilmington 140\\nBank of New Hanover 141\\nCotton Compresses 143\\nWilmington Cotton Mills 145\\nNavassa Guano Company 146\\nSouthern Ore Company 146\\nCape Fear Tobacco Works 147\\nCarolina Rice Mills 148\\nGrain Mills 149\\nThe Acme Manufacturing Comj^any 150\\nTurx^entine Distilleries 153\\nWilmington Gas Light Company 154", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "VAGlL\\nClarendon Water Works Company 154\\nOakdale Cemetery Comi)any 156\\nChamlber of Commerce 168\\nQuarantine Regulations 175\\nWilmington Produce Exchange 179\\nWestern Union Telegraph Company 181\\nWilmington Telephone Exchange 184\\nWilmington PostofRce Statistics 185\\nLumber 187\\nSteam Saw Mills ,196\\nPeanuts 199\\nRice 202\\nProvisions 210\\nFisheries 211\\nThe Dry Goods Business 215\\nFertilizers 218\\nTurpentine Products 220\\nAdulteration of Spirits Turpentine 227\\nCrude Turpentine 238\\nSpirits Turi)entine 239\\nRosin 241\\nTar 243\\nCotton 245\\nExi)orts Domestic and Foreign 247\\nTotal Exports 248\\nDestination of Exports 249\\nAppendix i 251", "height": "3896", "width": "2018", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "To the Members of the Produce Exchange\\nInstead of the usual condensed annual report upon the\\nimmediate affairs of the Exchange, I have the honor of\\npresenting a pamphlet compiled and published at my own\\nexpense, containing information and statistics with refer-\\nence to our city and port, which I trust may be found\\ninteresting and acceptable to you, and also serve the pur-\\npose of bringing our business people into more intimate\\nand profitable relations with the outside world.\\nThis work has no literary pretensions it is simply a\\nrecord of facts, prepared, within the past six weeks,\\nduring brief intervals of routine business duty, and\\nat some physical disadvantage. In it there is much,\\nhowever, which may interest the general reader esi^e-\\ncially with reference to the past of Wilmington, so\\nlittle of which is known to the present generation\\nof our citizens. The business statistics have been compiled\\nwith great care, especially for this report, and have never\\nbefore been published in the same form. I have, as far as\\nwas practicable, sought the information Jn person, and\\nfrom official, or otherwise reliable sources and in other\\ninstances through responsible agents, delegated for that\\npurpose, so that the report might be accepted as good\\nauthority, accurate in detail, and reliable as to facts.\\nAlthough the past year has not been a prosperous one\\nfor the business of the South, generally, it is gratifying to\\nnote many evidences here, of substantial improvement.\\nCompare the number of industries of AVilmington with\\nthose of other Southern towns, as well as the yearly volume", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "PREFACE.\\nof general trade, and where will you find, in proportion\\nto its population, a busier or more thriving community\\nThere is, however, much room for improvement.\\nI have referred, in deference to the Chamber of Commerce,\\nto the River and Harbor work, which is of such vital\\nmoment to our trade and commerce. The indications are,\\nthat unless a vigorous effort is made for an additional\\nappropriation by the next Congress, this undertaking,\\nalready* so nearly accomplished, will suffer serious preju-\\ndice by delay. Let us remember that a most important\\nand indispensable element of local success, is that of hearty,\\nhonest co-operation. In united action we have strength\\nand confidence and in striving for the general good of\\nWilmington we also promote our combined interests and\\nindividual welfare. This I believe to be the means of\\nsuccess in all prosperous centres of trade.\\nIn relinquishing the highest honor in your gift, I remem-\\nber with gratefulness many courtesies on your part which\\nhave characterized my term of office and it will probably\\nbe the proudest reflection of my business life that so many\\nof our older merchants, whom as boy and man I honored\\nand respected, have thus distinguished me with their\\nesteem and confidence. It is gratifying to note that during\\nthe past year, among more than a hundred merchants con-\\nnected with this Exchange, there has been no removal by\\ndeath, and that the character and integrity of every house\\ncontinues unimpaired.\\nJames Sprunt,", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "Wilmington, North Carolina,\\nSETTLEMENT.\\nThe Caps Pear River, upoji which Wiliiiingtoii is situr\\nated, was known in the early history of our State as the\\nriver Clarendon.\\nThe first settlement on its banks was mide in the year\\n1659 or 60, and abandoned in 1663, but at what particu-\\nlar point it was made is not well established. In 1665; Sir\\nJohn Yeamans, w^ith several hundred colonists from Bar-\\nbadoes, made the second settlement at a point about two\\nmiles below the present city of AVilminojton, now known as\\nOld Town, or Town Creek, and in honor of the reigning\\nKing of England at the time, it was named Charlestown.\\nA few years thereafter, Sir John and most of the colo-\\nnists from Barbadoes, removed first to Port Royal, and\\ncubsequently to the neck of land between the Ashley and\\nCooper rivers, and founded the present city of Charleston,\\nS. C.\\nWhether any of the colony under Yeamans remained on\\nthe Clarendon is not certainly known, but it is asserted by\\nsome of our historians that such is the fact, and that the\\nold town of Brunswick, about six miles below the site of\\nCharlestown, owes its origin to such of these colonists as\\ndid not accompany Yeamans to Charleston.\\nOur earliest reliable knowledge of the town of Brunswick\\ndoes not go further back than 1720, when it contained but\\nfew inhabitants, and it so continued for some years.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "\\\\VlLMIX(iTON, NOllTH CAUOLINA.\\nAbout tlu3year 1725, (iiiite a colony of educated gentle-\\nmen, who had become disgusted vvitli the Blue Laws of\\nMassachusetts, settled at that place and it soon became a\\nthriving town of commercial importance, and the })i incipal\\nport from which the products of the Southern part of the\\nprovince were exported. It being found however, tliat the\\nroadstead or harbor of the town of Brunswick was much\\nexposed and very unsafe, the line of the river was explored\\nfor a more suitable harbor, or place for the delivery and\\ndeposit of the articles then constituting the i)riiiclpal ex-\\nports from this part of the province and the present site\\nof the city of Wilmington was found to be the nearest\\npoint to the town of Brunswick suitable for the purposes\\nrequired; and here, about the year 1730, wharves and\\nbuildings were first erected.\\nA plan of the village or town was soon made, with regu-\\nlarly delined streets and lots, and called New Liverpool,\\nwhich name was retained until about 1732, when, as ap-\\npears by the oldest conveyances of the lots, the name was\\nchanged to Newton.\\nThere are deeds still in existence for the same lots or par-\\ncels of lands situated in the town formerly known as New\\nLiverpool, afterw^ards called Newton, now knowni as Wil-\\nmington.\\nThe lands next north and .south of the tract on which\\nNew Liverpool or Newton was located, had been granted\\nfor some years prior to 1733, in whicli year John Watson,\\nor Whatson, obtained a grant for G40 acres of land on the\\neast side of th(^ north-east branch of the Cape Fear river.\\nAmong other recitals in said grant it is stated that the vil-\\nlage of Newton is situated on the tract described and\\ngranted.\\nThe original settlers of New Liverpool or Newton were\\ndoubtless the factors or agents of the principal merchants\\nof the town of Brunswick, which for many years thereafter,\\nand up to the war of the Kevolution, continued to h^ port", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 7\\ntown^ where the officials of the colonial government re-\\nsided, although i)rior to the Revolution the then town of\\nWilmington was the more populous of the two.\\nIn 1739, through the influence of Gabriel Johnston,\\nColonial Governor, the name of Newton was changed to\\nthat of Wilmington, in compliment to, or in honor of,\\nSpence Compton, Baron Wilmington, an influential friend\\not the Governor and in 1760, by a royal grant from George\\nthe S ^cond, Arthur Dobbs being Governor, Wilmington\\nwas elected a Borough, with the right of sending a member\\nto the Assembly and by a second grant from the Crown\\nin 1763, George the Third then being King, additional\\nrights were given to the Borough, its corporate name being\\nThe Mayor, Recorder and Aldermen of the Borough of\\nWilmington.\\nIn 1766 the corporate name was changed to that of the\\nCommissioners of the Town of Wilmington, and that\\nname was continued for one hundred years, the present\\ncorporate name, The City of Wilmington, being that by\\nwhich the inhabitants of Wilmington were incorporated as\\na city in the year 1866.\\nAccording to the recitals in the oldest deeds for lands on\\nEagles Island, and in its vicinity on either side, the north-\\neastern and north-western branches of the Cape Fear river\\ncommence at the southern point of that Island. What is\\nnow called Brunswick river on the west side of the Island\\nbeing the north-west branch, and Wilmington on the north-\\neast branch, and not on the main stream of the Cape Fear.\\nThat portion of the river which runs from the north-east\\nbranch by Point Peter, or Negro-head Point, as it is called,\\nto the north-west branch at the head of Eagles Island, is\\ncalled in the old deeds and statutes of the State the\\nthoroughfare, and sometimes the cut through from\\none branch to the other and the land granted to John\\nWatson, on which Wilmington is situated, is described as\\nlying opposite to the mouth of this thoroughfare.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "8 AVILMINGT0:Pf, NORTH CAEOLtlSrA.\\nThe town of AVilmington rapidly increased in popula-\\ntion, wliile the old town of Brunswick sank into decay, and\\nwas hnallj^ abandoned, and not a vestige of it now remains,\\nsave the crumbling walls of old St. Philip s Church, which\\nmarks the sj)ot where once the hum of busy life was heard\\nmore than a century and a half ago.\\nWilmington is in latitude 34\u00c2\u00b0 12^, and in longitude\\nThe city limits extend from north to south 2| miles, and\\nfrom east to w^est 1^ miles, comprising a total area of about\\n2,400 acres. The general contour of the town is that of an\\nelevated sand-ridge, running parallel wath the river, inter-\\nsected with dunes and rivulets emptying into the river and\\nadjacent streams.\\nThe Cape Fear river flows past the western front of the\\ncity, and its branches and tributaries almost encompass it.\\nSANITARY.\\nArtificial drainage has in recent years carried the storm\\nwater from the city into the tributary streams of the Cape\\nFear, and if maintained in proper condition, is well\\ndesigned to effectually drain a lai ge area which was for-\\nmerly the most unhealthj^ quarter of the settlement. As\\na result, malarial fever has greatly decreased in the last\\nten years, and it may be truly said that although stigma-\\ntized fort}^ 3^ears ago as the sailor s grave, and shunned\\nby the people of the up country as an unsafe place\\nin which to tarry all night, during the summer and\\nautumn, it has become exceptionally healthy. As an\\nevidence of this, the death rate for several years past\\nhas been much smaller than in the surrounding country\\nand compares f^ivorably with the most favored towns of its\\nNoTF. \u00e2\u0080\u0094It is supposed that the settlers at Old Town left on account of the sterility\\nof the land, and for the further reason that Sir John Veamans was appointed\\nGovernor of South Carolina at that time, and his administration here had been so\\nconservative they preferred to follow his fortunes.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOllTII CAROLINA. 9\\nsize on tlie Atlantic coast,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 tlie annual death rate being\\nabout seventeen to the thousand.\\nDrainage has not and cannot, it is true, alter the mala-\\nrial influence upon crews of vessels sleeping on the river in\\nthe months of July, August, September and October. This\\nstanding menace to the prosperity of our shipping, as evi-\\ndenced by the scarcity of tonnage during these months, has\\nbeen seriously considered for many .years, and a remedy\\nactually devised. The difficulty has been to impress the\\nlesson of prevention learned at such a cost, upon the inter-\\nested parties. The State Board of Health has done much\\ntowards inculcating important advice upon the subject as\\nwill be seen by the following extract from a report of Dr.\\nT. F. Wood, Secretary of the N. C. Board of Health, to\\nthe Medical Society of North Carolina, 1882.\\nFor many years it has been known, as well by the peo-\\nl^le as by the doctors, that the fevers occurring among the\\nvessels in our tide-water streams were preventable, in a\\nmarked degree. Observations extending over a space of\\ntime marked by four or five generations, demonstrated that\\nthe cause of sickness among sailors was due very largely to\\nsleeping on board vessels in the Cape Fear River par-\\nticularly. This fact was so firmly established in the opin-\\nion of merchants in Wilmington, that $20,000 was sub-\\nscribed to build a home for seamen in which they might\\nfind a safe retreat from the effluvia of the river, and what\\nit not exactly pertinent to the present subject, to escape\\nalso the venereal effluvia of low sailor lodgings.\\nIn this building ample provision was made for more sail-\\nors than ever visit the port of Wilmington at one time,\\nand by the Christian benevolence of Capt. Gilbert Potter,\\none of the oldest citizens of that city, who had himself been\\na sea-captain, a house of worship, supplied by the yearly\\nministrations of a preacher, was provided, to throw around\\nthese toilers of the sea, a beneficent influence.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "10 WILMINGTOIS NOIITII CAROLINA.\\nThe Board of Health, therefore, issued a pamphlet\\nentitled A Guide to Shipmasters Visiting the CajDe Fear\\nRiver, a copy of which is herewith transmitted.\\nAdcicc io Slii pinasters for the Precention of River Fever\\nThe Fever Thermometer \u00e2\u0080\u0094Us Uses.\\nThe use of the thermometer to indicate the existence of\\nfever is now^ established beyond doubt. It has been shown\\nby thousands of observations that the heat of the body in\\nany part of the world in the tropics or the arctic circle\\nvaries very little from 93.4\u00c2\u00b0 Fahr., in a grown person, in\\nhealth. Upon this settled observation is based an esti-\\nmate of the amount of fever in any given case.\\nT.ie fever thermometer ditTers from the ordinary instru-\\nment in being selt-registering. In the figure a thermome-\\nter is shown with the index just below 95\u00c2\u00b0. This index is\\na slender line of mercury separated from that in the bulb\\nb}^ a sliglit space, and in a good thermometer the index\\ndoes not fall back and unite with the mercury in the\\nbulb.\\nTo Read the TiiEnMOMETEK. The instrument must be\\nexamined and the index must be below the arrow seen at\\n98.4\u00c2\u00b0. If it i3 above it can be shaken down, either by hold-\\ning it firmly between the finger and thumb and shaking\\nforcibly as in flirting the ink out of a pen or, by taking\\ntlie instrument at its upper tip, the end opposite the bulb,\\nelevating the hand as high as the head, and, by a smart\\nimpulse downwards, tluis shake the index below the ar-\\nrow.\\nThe instrument is put under the tongue, or between the\\nteeth and tlie cheek, the lips closed upon it. and it is al-\\nlowed to r.Muaiu at lenst three minutes by tlie Avatch.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "WILMIN({TON, NOIITJI CAllOLINA. 11\\nOn removing the instrument, an examination of tlie in-\\ndex will show the temperature, which is indicated at the\\nupper tip of the index, that is the end of the index the\\nfarthest from the bulb.\\nWhat a Rise int Temperature Means. For the pur-\\nposes of the instruction intended to be conveyed, it is safe\\nto assume that every degree of heat beyond the arrow is a\\ndegree of fever.\\nThe following table will sliow the relation between the\\npulse and the temperature of the body\\nAll increase of temperature of One Decjkee above\\n98\u00c2\u00b0 Fahrenheit, corresponds with an increase of Ten beats\\nof the iDulse per minute. {Aitken.)\\nTemperature 98\u00c2\u00b0\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Pulse 60.\\n99\u00c2\u00b0\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n1 1\\n70.\\nibo\u00c2\u00b0\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\ni\\n80.\\n101\u00c2\u00b0\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\na\\n90.\\n102\u00c2\u00b0\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n100.\\n108\u00c2\u00b0\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nI\\n110.\\n104\u00c2\u00b0\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\ni I\\n120.\\n105\u00c2\u00b0\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n1 1\\n130.\\n106\u00c2\u00b0\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n140.\\nThe rule above is subject to some variation, but is a fair-\\nly good guide.\\nIt is well known that 101\u00c2\u00b0 before 11 A. M. indicates an\\napproaching fever, and that the same after 5 o clock a de-\\nclining fever; and so on with every degree above it. 103.5\u00c2\u00b0 is\\nabout the average of the malarial fever of the rivers. Many\\nsevere cases reach 104.5\u00c2\u00b0 and 105. 5^-, Even 106\u00c2\u00b0 is not sure-\\nly fatal, but beyond this, in the most favorable condi-\\ntions, the danger is very great. 108\u00c2\u00b0 to 110\u00c2\u00b0 is most surely\\nfatal.\\nWith these introductory remarks we will call the atten-\\ntion of shipmasters to certain precautions, which long ex-\\nperience in this latitude has shown necessary to be ob-\\nserved.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": ".12 WILMINGTOjS^, NOKTII CAROLINA.\\nThe fever occiuTing amongst the seamen who visit this\\nand other Southern rivers is malarial. It is due to the\\nex]oosure of sleeping on board vessels, and keeping late\\nhours at night.\\nThe Natuke and Coukse of River Malarial Fever.\\nIt commences sometimes with a chill. The chill is either\\na shaking ague, or sometimes the only symptoms are cold-\\nness of the fingers, blue nails, cold nose, and eais and toes.\\nBoth forms may be an essential part of similar fevers. A\\nchill may last from half an hour to two or three hours, and\\nis always followed by fever. Chill is only a cold stage of\\nfever, and the thermometer will most always show from\\n100\u00c2\u00b0 to 102 even when the chill is highest. The fever\\ncomes on, the coldness of the skin gradually goes off, and\\nthe heat of fever follows, the temperature rising gradually\\nto 103.5 to 105^\\nFor instance, if the chill comes on before 11 o clock A.\\nM., as it often does, the fever will reach its height usually\\nby 5 o clock P. M., and then gradually decline, either by\\ncopious sweating or an abundant discharge of urine. If\\nthe fever goes entirely off it is intermittent. If it merely\\ndeclines it is remittent. In either case a person seized with\\nfever may look for a return on the succeeding day, or the\\nday after. These are forms of the same fever and have all\\nbeen named. Thus we have them coming on daily, twice\\ndaily, every other day, every third day, and so on but\\nthe fevers are essentially the same, being practically cured\\nby the same treatment.\\nThe way to avoid River Fever. Live temperately,\\nand do not sleep in the river on board vessel during the\\nmonths of August, September and October. The air of the\\ntown is perfectly harmless to most x ersons, and especially\\nthose who go to bed early, and are not intemperate.\\nSleeping on board during the months named does not\\nahvays cause sickness, but it does nearly always. Some-\\ntimes fever does not develop until a vessel gets to sea, and", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 18\\nthen ail hands may be taken dovvn at the same time. Such\\ncases are known.\\nProphylactic. The daily use of quinine or the x^repa-\\nrations of Peruvian bark, loill j)TeDe]itfevier. It is a good\\nl)ractice to give to crews of vessels a daily morning dose\\nequal to five grains of quinine. Some of the cheaper pre-\\nparations of bark answer this purpose very well. None of\\nthem are equal to quinquinia, a preparation tested now\\nduring several seasons, and found to be remarkably effi-\\ncient. It contains 15 per cent, of quinia and 45 percent, of\\nother valuable alkaloids ot i: eruvian bark, which really\\ngives it an advantage over the sulphate of quinine usually\\nsold. It is recommended with great confidence.\\nWhat to do after the ve^jsel gets to sea. In every\\ncase of complaining on the part of a seaman, the Cai3tain\\nor an intelligent officer should take the man s temperature.\\nIf it is more than 98.4\u00c2\u00b0 he will be wise to conclude that\\nthere is a fever approaching. 10(f or 101\u00c2\u00b0 is absolute evi-\\ndence, apart from any other condition of the man, that he\\nhas fever, and it is tolerably certain that if it is not checked\\nhe will have more the next day.\\nWhat to do if the temperature rises. No amount\\nof fever should prevent the patient from taking quinine,\\nor some other preparation of bark in the proper doses. It\\nis always best to commence quinine early in the morning\\nbecause the fever increases towards noon, and with the in-\\ncrease of fever comes on many times such a sick stomach\\nthat the ijatient cannot retain the much needed medicine.\\nBut if the stomach does not reject it he ought to have his\\nmedicine in proper quantities, notwithstanding the fever\\nfor every day of its continuance unaffected by medicine,\\nlessens the chance of recovery.\\nWhat medicine to give. If the fever is detected ear-\\n1}^, medicine should be given at once. It is necessary usually\\nto give tioenty grains of quinine every twenty-four hours.\\nJ/or 3 is needed sometimes, but it is not often that a less", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "14 WILMINGTON, NOIiTII CAIIULINA.\\nquantity will succeed. It is best to direct live i^rains of\\nquinine in pills evfery two hours, commencing as early as\\nfour o clock in the morning, until twenty grains are given.\\nShould pain in the head and hot sldn, and unpleasant\\nsinging or roaring in the ears, trouble the patient,\\nbromide of 2^oiash should he given in ten grain doses\\ndissolved in water, every two or three hours Usually a\\nverj^ hot and dry slvin yields to the action of the i-eraedies\\nabove. Should they iixW.JliLid exircct of Jaborandi should\\nbe given, fifteen drops qx^aj hour until copious sweating\\ncomes on.\\nCo?z.^^, jfc \u00c2\u00ab//o i is somecimes an accompaniment of this fe-\\nver, and should be relieved by Calomel and Soda at nighty\\nor Epsom, Salts and table salt i;t the morning.\\nRelaiises are not uncommon, and although the thermom-\\neter may not indicate fever after a few days of treatment,\\n(and it is urged that the thermometer should be carefully\\napplied morning and evening,) it is never safe to withdraw\\nthe quinine the day following the one on which the patient\\nmisses his fever. At least ten grains should be continued\\ndaily for three or four days in succession.\\nKKCAPITULATION.\\nThe thermometer is a sure guide in the eaily detection\\nof Kiver Fever.\\n2. Whenever a man shows any indisposition after a stay\\non the river during the months of August, September and\\nOctober, apply the fever thermometer, and if he has 100\u00c2\u00b0 or\\nover, you may look out for more fever the next day-.\\n3. Quinine should be given in live grain doses until\\ntwenty grains are given before noon. No time should be\\nlost.\\n4. Relapses canlie prevented h\\\\ continuing the medicine\\nfour days in succession after the last indications of fever.\\n*See formulas on tlio last pago.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOIITII CAROLINA. 15\\nFoiiMULA 1. Quinine Pillsi,\\nTake of\\nQuinine, two scruples or forty grains,\\nTartaric Acid, ten grains,\\nGriycerine, twenty to twenty-live drops.\\nMix well, and make twelve pills. Roll in magnesia be-\\nfore putting in a box.\\nOne pill every hour until six are taken a dny.\\n2. Quinine Solution,\\nTake of\\nQuinine, forty grains,\\nTartaric Acid, thirty grains.\\nWater, two ounces or four tablespoonsfuL\\nMix and make a solution.\\nA teaspoonful every hour until six doses are g ven each\\nday.\\n3.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Bromide Solution.\\nTake of\\nBromide of Potassium, one ounce.\\nSugar, two tablespoonsfuL\\nDissolve the bromide in the water and add the sngar\\nuntil all is dissolved.\\nThe dose for headache, and for the excitement caused by\\nquinine is a teaspoonful every two hours.\\nA little lemon juice or hydrobromic acid makes the solu-\\ntion pleasanter to take.\\n4.^QuiNQUiNiA Solution.\\nProphylactic.\\nTake of\\nQuinquinia, one ounce,\\nTartaric Acid, half an ounce,\\nWater, three pints.\\nMix and make a solution.\\nDose, a tablespoonful every morning.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": ".16 WlL:MINGTOy, NORTH CAUOLIISrA.\\nr).--QriNQUlNIA SOLUTIOX FOIl FeVER.\\nMake as in the solution of quinine and in the same qnan-\\ntities.\\nG. QuixQriNiA Pills.\\nMake the sam(^ as qninine pills and in the same quanti-\\nties and doses.\\n7. Calomel and Soda.\\nPurgative.\\nTake of\\nCalomel, six grains,\\nBicarbonate Soda, twenty grains.\\nMake a powder and mix in a spoon with syinp.\\n8\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Epsom Salts and Table Salt.\\nPurgative.\\nTake of\\nEpsom Salts, one-half to one onnce.\\nTable Salt, one teaspoonful.\\nMix and make a solution in a cup of water. To be taken\\nbefore Ibreakfast.\\nThe following remarks on the subject of remittent fVver,\\nkindly furnished me by the authoi Dr. Fairfax Irwin,\\nPassed Assistant Surgeon in Charge of our Marine Hos-\\npital, will be interesting in this connection. It will be\\nobserved that he agrees substantially with the other\\nanthority quoted.\\nRemittent fever, or as it is popularly called on the Cape\\nFear, ri^er fever, is so common, and aside from its dan-\\ngerous character, so expensive to ship-masters and owners\\nthat a few remarks on its character and treatment will not\\ns ?em out of place, especially at this its chosen season. This\\narticle is based on the results obtained from the treatment\\nof ninety cases of remittent fever during the past eighteen\\nmonths, all of wjiich have recovered with an average dura-\\ntion of tivatnipr.t of about nine days pei- man.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "\\\\vrL:MiN(;TON, noiitii catjolina. 17\\nThese cases were all treated in the Marine Hospilal in\\nWilmington, N. C, and were, as a result, in a very favora-\\nble situation for observation. To the treatment, followed\\nwith little variation in all cases, the favorable result is at-\\ntributed. That too much is not claimed will be readily al-\\nlowed by any wiio are acquainted with the character of the\\nmalarial fever in this region, and especially when it is re-\\nmembered that this disease is clinically the same as the\\nbillions fever of thiity or forty )-ears ago, which was itself\\nso fatal.\\nThe river fever is seen but in isolated cases before August\\nand from that time increases in virulence until the kindly\\nhand of frost is bxid npon it.\\nThe most severe cases are seen among the sailors, espe-\\ncially those unacclimated, and is directly traceable to ex-\\nposure at night to the poisonous exhalations from the rice\\nfields along the river. Tlie sailors sleeping upon the ves-\\nsel-decks on warm nights are soon attacked, while the\\ncaptains sleeping ashore usually escape entirely. Seamen\\nfrom foreign vessels fall an easy prey, and give the largest\\npercentage of malignant cases.\\nIt is nqt to be forgotten, however, that sailors in addition\\nto exjDOSure are usually filthy in their habits, reckless and\\ndissipated to a degree. Before passing to a short sketch of\\nthe natural history of this fever it may be well to refer to a\\ncommon idea held by seafaring men, that salt water\\nbrings out the fever, a vessel after remaining for ten days\\nor two weeks in the Cape Fear River usually drops down\\nto Smithville at its mouth, to complete loading, and here\\nfrequentl}^ after having been healthy all of the time spent\\nabove, the crew succumb almost suddenly to fever, hence\\nthe notion of salt water driving it out. I believe this is\\nnothing more than a coincidence, the outbreak of the dis-\\nease after its regular period of incubation. Sailors have\\ndied at sea after leaving Wilmington, of the fever, though\\nhealthy on departure and with such malignant sym]", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "18 WILJEINGTON, NOKTH CAKOLINA.\\ntoms as to cause masters to report them as cases of yellow\\nfever.\\nRemittent I ever as I have seen it here, after an incuba-\\ntion of from ten days to two weeks breaks out quite sud-\\ndenly and with alarming symptoms from the first. Per-\\nliaps iu some cases a certain lassicude and weakness for a\\nfew days may precede, but as a rale the onset is sudden.\\nContrary to the statement in most works on the subject,\\nthere is no initial chill this did not occur in any of the\\nninety cases treated. Many men were brought into the\\nhospital insensible, having been taken sick duilng the\\nday.\\nThe prominent symptoms were a dull, stolid countenance;\\nwear}^, slouching gait acnte lancinating pains in the head\\nand back, dull pains in the limbs, tenderness on pressure\\nover the region of the stomach with great irritability of\\nthat organ a ^characteristic tongue, large, llabb}^, showing-\\nindentations of the teeth, and thickly coated with bluish\\nwhite fur, rarely dry except in protracted cases, and often\\nso large as apparently to till the mouth. The coating was\\noften absent, but the bluish-white tint was invariablj^\\njjresent.\\nThe full Jupid pulse, throbbing carotids, and moist sur-\\nface showed the excited circulation. The sweats were in\\nmost cases as copious and as debilitating as in phthisis.\\nThe temperatui-e ranged from 100\u00c2\u00b0 to 105\u00c2\u00b0 (38 to 40.4\u00c2\u00b0C.)\\nor. the first evening, the average being 104\u00c2\u00b0 (40\u00c2\u00b0 C.)\\nThere was a marked tendency to congestion of various\\norgans, especially tlie lungs, but an implication of the liver\\nto any appreciable extent was not observed the yellow\\nhue of the skin so often spoken of in books was not seen.\\nAlbumen was not discovered iu the urine in any case. De-\\nlirium was rarely present, severe cases were moie apt to\\nbecome comatose. The irritation of the stomach was fre-\\nquently most severe and difficult to manage, everytliirg\\nbeing rejected and passed on to tlie vomiting of pure bile.\\nThei-e was no eruption.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "WI].:MINGT()N, NOKTJl CAUOLINA. 19\\nThere is little clanger of a mistake in diagnosis the sea-\\nson of the year, the sudden seizure, the steel-colored tongue,\\nacute pains in the head and back, and distinctly remittent\\nrange of temperature are characteristic.\\nThere was rarely more than one exacerbation, owing, it is\\nbelieved, to the large doses of quinia used. When a second\\nexacerbation followed, it was always found to be due to an\\ninsufficient use of quinia. In the whole number of cases\\ntreated there was little variation of symptoms, but a few\\ninteresting exceptions may be mentioned.\\nEpistaxis was somewhat common and one case required\\nplugging of the nares to prevent exhaustion from loss of\\nblood. Hemorrhages from the bowels was present in a\\ncase which lasted two weeks there were no other symp-\\ntoms of typhoid fever, however. One case so strongly sim-\\nulated cerebro-spinal fever as to leave the diagnosis in doubt\\nfor a few days there was well marked opisthotonos, but\\nrecovery followed in due course.\\nA case in private practice seen in consultation with Dr.\\nGeo. Ct. Thomas, of Wilmington, had the Cheyne-Stokes\\nbreathing perfectly, and presented the appearance of ap-\\nproaching dissolution. Large doses of quinia were being\\ngiven but the disease had advanced so far before advice\\nwas asked for that it seemed as if the nervous system\\nwould be overwhelmed by the poison before the remedy\\nhad time to act. A blister was applied to the back of the\\nneck and atropia sulphate ((),001{) gramme) given every\\nthree hours, Avith good effect, and recovery followed.\\nAtro^Dia was given to counteract the slow sjjasmodic breath-\\ning the besoin de respirer being almost absent, as in\\nopium poisoning.\\nThe treatment used in the ninety cases to which this paper\\nchiefly refers was based on the principle that remittent\\nfever is caused by a poison now known as malaria, which\\nispiesentin almost overwhelming degree, and to which\\nquinia is a direct antidote if used in large doses.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "20 WILMINGTOX, NORTH CAROLINA,\\nCases showing the usual eveninnj temperature of 40\u00c2\u00b0 C,\\nand upward were given from 30 to 45 grains (2 to H\\ngrammes) of quinia sulphate, usually in solution witli\\ndilute sulphuric acid, and largely diluted with ice water.\\nAs the stomach in many cases was fjo irritable as to reject\\nthis really nauseous dos the quinia was then given in\\npills freshly made with glycerine when these were reject-\\ned, as was often the case, the drug was administered hypo-\\ndermicall}^, the dose in this case being from 10 to 15 grains\\n(0.666 to 1 gramme). The solution for hypodermic use was\\nmade with citric acid, and although many times used, no\\nabcess ensued in any case.\\nThis large dose almost invariably reduced the tempera-\\nture from one to three degrees by morning, the quinia was\\nthen given in doses of 5 grains (0.333 gramme) thrice daily,\\nand the lai-ge dose again repeated at night if the tempera-\\nture rose. This method, with a few exceptions, cut short\\nthe fever in from three to five days, as the average dura-\\ntion of nine days for the whole number of cases will show.\\nSome, especially where there was an existing organic dis-\\nease, were more rebellious, and required large quantities\\nof quinia before convalescence was established.\\nAs much as 465 grains (30 grammes) of quinia were given\\nin eight daj^s in two different cases, and no ill effects were\\nobserved in fact in no case did quinia cause any disturb-\\nance beyond deafness which soon passed away under ces-\\nsation of the drug and small doses ot hydrobromic acid.\\nDimness of vision was never complained of.\\nIf the bowels were inactive, an enema was given at once,\\nbut no preparatory treatment was ever used. As the skin\\nand kidneys were active, opium or diaphoretics were not\\ncalled for. To moderate the heart s action fluid extract of\\naconite-root in one drop doses every four hours was given\\nin most all cases this, with ice compresses to the head,\\nwas about all the treatment.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOUTtt CAlJOLlNA. 21\\nThe irritable stomacli was best controlled by creasote\\nor vin. ipecac. (5 minims) 0.333 cc. every two or three\\nhours.\\nRigid milk diet was given and no stimulants used. It is\\ndesired to insist upon the Heedlessness of the almost uni-\\nversal custom of preparing the system for the action of\\nquinia, much valuable time is lost in an unnecessary pro-\\ncedure, and it is thought that opium is positively contrain-\\ndicated by the symj)toms.\\nIn conclusion, the fact should not be lost sight of that\\nremittent fever is eminently a disease to be prevented.\\nWhile vessels are in the river the crews should be required\\nto sleep ashore. Captains should be furnished with clini-\\ncal thermometers, with instructions for their use, and on\\nthe first indication of fever, a dose of at least 30 grains\\n(2 grammes) of quinia should be given.\\nThe total number of cases observed during eighteen\\nmonths was ninety, total number of days treatment four\\nhundred and forty, average per i^atient nine and one-third\\ndays.\\nCITY GOVERNMENT,\\nThe present government of the City is composed of the\\nBoard of Aldermen and Board of Audit and Finance.\\nThe Board of Aldermen is composed of the following\\nnamed gentlemen Hon. E. D. Hall, Mayor, and Messrs.\\nG. J. Boney, Samuel Bear, John L. Dudley, S. H. Fish-\\nblate, William L. DeRosset, WilHam H. Chadbourn, Isham\\nSweat, Valentine Howe and John J. Gnyer.\\nThe Board of Audit and Finance is a branch of the city\\ngovernment created by an act of the General Assembly,\\n28th February, 1877, and is at i^resent comj^osed of the\\nfollowing named gentlemen Mr. R. J. Jones, Chairman,\\nand Messrs. AVilliam Calder, O. A. Wiggins, W. R. Kenan\\nand John S. McEachern.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "32 WILMINGTON, NOKTH CAROLINA.\\nSince Wilmington was incorporated as a city by the\\nGeneral Assembly, 1st February, 1860, the following named\\nhave filled the office of Mayor\\nMr. A. H. VanBokkelen, elected in March, 1866.\\nMr. John Dawson, elected in January, 1867,\\nMr. Jos. H. Neff, appointed by the Provisional Governor\\nof the State in July, 1868, and elected in January, 1809.\\nMr. S. N. Martin, elected in January, 1870.\\nMr. James Wilson, elected in May, 1872.\\nMr. W. P. Canaday, elected in May, 1873.\\nMr. John Dawson, elected in June, 1877, and resigned\\nin Februar}^, 1878.\\nMr. S. H. Fishblate, elected in February, 1878.\\nMr. \\\\Y- L. Smith, elected in March, 1881.\\nMr. E. D. Hall, elected in March, 1883.\\nThe following comprises a list of the present officers of\\nthe city, with their pay\\nHon. E. D. Hall, Mayor salary $1,200 per annum.\\nMr. R. J. Jones, Chairman of the Board of Audit and\\nFinance, and Commissioner of the Sinking Fund, for\\nwhich he receives a yearly salary of $400, and gives a bond\\nfor $5,000.\\nMr. Henry Savage, Clerk and Treasurer, salary $000 per\\nyear, and also Tax Collector; estimated salary j^l,500 per\\nannum, out of which he has all clerk hire to i^ay he gives\\na bond of $20,000.\\nMr. John Cowan, Clerk of the Board of Audit and\\nFinance salary $600, and Clerk of the Police Department,\\nwith a salary of $600 a year.\\nMr. H. C. Brock, Chief of Police salary $1,200.\\nDr. F. W. Potter, Superintendent of Health salary\\n$600.\\nMr. Charles D. Myers, Chief of Fire Dei^artment salary\\n$300.\\nMr. L. M. Williams, Clerk of Market salary $400.\\nA. W. Wiggs, Cax^tain of Police; pay $55.00 permonth.\\nThree Sergeants of Police, at $1.60 per day each.\\nTwenty-live Privates of Police, at $1.50 per day each.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 23\\nThree Health officers at $35.00 per month each.\\nTwo Janitors, at |40.00 i^er month each.\\nOne Superintendent of Street Force, at $40.00 per month.\\nThe other employees of the city vary in numbers and are\\npaid, say for street-cleaners, c., 83^ cents per day.\\nCITY FINANCES.\\nAt the beginning of the fiscal year, April 1st, 1882, the\\nnet bonded debt of the city, after deducting the amount of\\nbonds held by the Commissioners of the linking Fund,\\nwas ^528,800, all in Coupon Bonds, interest payable Janu-\\nary and July each year.\\nOf the above amount of bonds outstanding, there was of\\nthose issued for subscription to the Wilmington, Charlotte\\nand Rutherford Railroad stock, past due and never present-\\ned for payment, though repeatedly advertised for,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 $8,500.\\nOn July 1, 1882, $60,400 of the bonds matured, and the\\nCity Government has just accomplished the payment of\\nthem by the sale of six per cent, bonds, authorized by\\nthe last General Assembly, so that the bonded debt of the\\nCity now stands, say\\n$263,900, in eight per cent. Coupon Bonds, and $288,300,\\nin six per cent. Coupon Bonds, making $552,200,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 total\\nbonded debt of the City, of which $44,400 is now held by\\nthe Commissioner of the Sinking Fund as per his last an-\\nnual statement herewith, which would leave the net debt\\n$507,800, subject to a further deduction of the amount to\\ngo to the Sinking Fund from the unexpended balances of\\nthe appropriations of the years ending March 31, 1881 and\\nMarch 31, 1882.\\nThe Commissioner of the Sinking Fund receives a semi-\\nannual income of $1,379 from the bonds he now holds, this\\namount being re-invested in City bonds as fast as the same\\nis paid, thereby increasing the fund and its income semi-\\nannuallv.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "24 wil:mington, noetii caeolina.\\nThere is no floating debt, all bills against the City being\\npaid on presentation.\\nThe Cit}^ has recently purchased the two pieces of prop-\\nerty known as the New Market Houses, for which it iias\\nissued its notes for $30,000\u00e2\u0080\u0094 payable twenty years after\\nJanuary 1st, 1883, with interest at the rate of six per cent,\\nper annum. Many jDersons are of the opinion that the pro-\\nperty fully represents the amount of the notes, and if judi-\\nciously managed, the income from the same will j)ay the\\ninterest and gradually sink the principal by its maturity.\\nThe taxable value of the Real and Personal property as\\nper the tax book of 1882 is $5,017,983, and the rate one\\nand three-fourths per cent.\\nThe value of the non-taxable property within the City\\nlimits, such as Churches, Schools, Wilmington Weldon\\nRailroad, and Public Buildings, is estimated at $650,000,\\nof which the City owns $105,000, The income for the year\\nending March 31st, 1882, from Real and Personal property\\ntax. Merchants License and back taxes, was $111,450, which\\nis a fair indication of what the income will be this year.\\nThe interest for July, 1882, and January, 1883, was $40,-\\n782. It will be for the coming year $38,410.\\nThe appropriation for expenses for the year ending-\\nMarch 31st, 1883, is $63,490.\\nThere are two items included in the expenses for this\\nyear which have never occurred before, the Water Works\\n$6,750, and the City Hospital 11,000, the two amounting to\\n$7,750, which if deducted from the amount appropriated,\\n$63,490, would leave $55,740 as the ordinary expenses of the\\nCity, by which to make a comparison with former years.\\nIt would, appear that this great reduction in the value of\\nthe Real Estate made by the Assessor, was more in the in-\\nterest of the tax-payers than of the City, as all the sales\\nof Real Estate made since the new assessment have been at\\nan advance of about tliirty-three and one third per cent.,\\nmaking tlio n arkct value oL the Real Estat(^ al)()nt\\n4,00(),0()0.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTOiSr, NOHTII CAROLINA. 25\\n111 1S77 the City bonds were selling at seventy cents or\\nless on the dollar.\\nNow the six per cents, are worth par, and the eight per\\ncent, bonds cannot be bought for less than 107. In 1877\\nthe coupons were bought up at a discount ranging from\\nten to twenty per cent, and j^aid into the Tax Collector s\\noffice for taxes at par.\\nNow the coupons are regularly paid as they mature.\\nAll merchants license taxes have been reduced since\\n1877, on an average, thirty-five i^er cent.\\nThe current expenses for the year ending May 12th, 1877,\\nwere $79,359.57, and the same class of expenses for the\\npresent year, as stated above, will be 155,740..\\nI am indebted substantially for the foregoing particulars\\nto our efficient and obliging Treasurer, Maj. Henry Savage,\\nwho, unlike many modern public officials, is always ready\\nto furnish information with reference to his department, for\\nreasonable purposes.\\nI desire also to acknowledge official courtesies from\\nMayor Smith, Capt. Cowan, Capt. Brock, and Chief\\nEngineer Robinson.\\nAUDIT AND FINANCE.\\nAs the establishment of the Board of Audit and Finance\\nin 1877 brought a most gratifying and substantial change\\nfor the better in our city finances, and as the administra-\\ntion of this important branch of our municipal government\\nhas been characterized by a degree of efficiency and public\\nspirit most iiraiseworthy to its members,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 especially to the\\noriginal Board, upon whom devolved in its organization a\\nvery difficult and responsible task,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I have thought it my\\nduty, as well as a privilege, to append with a copy of the\\nAct of Assembly creating the Board, a correspondence\\npublished last year upon the retirement of Mr. Norwood\\nGiles, who served as the first Chairman of the Board and\\nto whom, with his colleagues, Messrs. D. Gr. Worth, R. J.\\nJones, W. D. Mahn, and T. W. Player, we are indebted", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "26 WILMINGTON, KOETII CAROLINA.\\nin a groat measure for the present highly satisfactor}^ con-\\ndition of our municipal credit.\\nA7i Act to establish a Board of Audit and Finance for the\\nCity of Wilmington.\\nSection 1. The General Assembly of North Carolina\\ndo enact^ That in the month of March, A. D. one thousand\\neight hundred and seventy-seven, and biennially thereaf-\\nter, the Governor of this State shall appoint five discreet\\nand jiroper parsons among the electors of the city of Wil-\\nmington, one from each of the five wards of said city, who\\nshall constitute and be styled the Board of Audit and\\nFinance of the city of Wilmington, and the persons so\\nappointed shall continue in office for two years, and until\\ntheir successors are duly appointed and qualified. No\\nperson holding an ofliice or appointment under the Board\\nof Aldermen of said city, or under any law in reference to\\nsaid city, or who may be a contractor for any work,\\nmaterials, supplies or other things whatever for the use\\nof said city, shall be eligible as a member of said Board,\\nor qualified to act as one of its members. Any vacancy\\noccurring among the members of said Board during\\ntheir term of office, shall be filled by the remaining\\nmembers.\\nSec. 2. Said Board shall, from their body, elect a chair-\\nman, who, with the clerk hereinafter j)rovided for, shall\\nsign and certify all orders of the Board and in case such\\nchairman shall be absent at any meeting of the Board, a\\ntemporary chairman shall be chosen, who, during such\\nmeeting, shall exercise the powers of the regular chairman.\\nThe chairman of said Board shall have i^ower to administer\\noaths, and issue subpoenas for witnesses to appear before\\nthe Board, who shall be required to appear and testify,\\nunder like pains and penalties as if summoned to any\\nSuperior Court. Before entering on their duties, the", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOKTJI CAIIOLINA. 27\\nmembers of said Board sliall, before some jastiee of the\\npeace, take and subscribe the oath of office, prescribed in\\nsection four of article six of the constitution, and cause the\\nsame to be filed in the office of the Clerk and Treasurer of\\nsaid City.\\nSec. 3. The Board shall appoint a Clerk, prescribe his\\nduties, and require him to give bond, payable to the City\\nof Wilmington, in such sum as said Board may consider\\nsufficient, secured by two or more good sureties, and con-\\nditioned for the faithful performance of the duties of his\\noffice. The said Clerk shall hold office at the pleasure of said\\nBoard, shall have power to administer oaths, and shall\\nreceive such compensation, not exceeding six hundred\\ndollnYS per annum, as said Board may establish.\\nSec. 4. Said Board shall hold regular meetings twice\\nevery month, and oftener if necessary, in some room in\\nthe City Hall at such times as the Board may determine,\\nand of which due notice shall be given by advertisements\\n.to be posted at the Court House door, and ten other public\\nplaces in the city. Said meetings shall be opened to the\\npublic, and the times of holding the regular semi-monthly\\nmeetings shall not be changed, unless ten days notice of\\nsuch change shall be given as aforesaid. The Clerk shall,\\nin proper books, keej) a minute record of the i)roceedings\\nof said meetings, recording the names of the members pres-\\nent, the character and amount of all claims and demands\\nagainst the city, and the names of the claimants. All such\\nclaims and demands shall be made out in distinct items,\\nverified by the affidavit of tlie claimant or his agent,\\nstating that the claim is Just and due, that the articles\\nwere furnished or services rendered, as the case may be,\\nand that no part of the same has been satisfied. Notwith-\\nstanding such affidavit, the said Board may require further\\nproof as to the validity of any claim and any person who\\nshall knoAvingly or wilfully offer or cause to be offered for\\naudit by said Board, any false or fraudulent claim or", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "28 WILMINGTON, NOllTII CAROLINA.\\ndemand against the City of Wilmington, shall be deemed\\nguilty of a misdemeanor and any person who shall\\nwilfully swear to any false statement before said Board,\\nshall be guilty of perjury.\\nSec. 5. It shall be the duty of said Board to audit and\\nX)ass upon the validity of all claims and demands against\\nthe City of Wilmington, and no claim or demand against\\nsaid city shall be i)aid by the treasurer of said cit}^, or by\\nany other person, out of any funds belonging to said city,\\nuntil the same has been duly audited and approved by\\nsaid Board, and a warrant signed by the Chairman and\\nClerk, given for the payment of the same. All claims,\\ndemands and accounts presented to said Board to be\\naudited, shall be treated and proceeded with in all re-\\nspects as is provided in section twelve, chapter twenty-\\nseven, of Battle s Revisal, in reference to claims or ac-\\ncounts against counties. Any member of said Board who\\nshall knowingly vote to allow any fals(?, fraudulent or\\nuntrue claim or demand against said city, shall be deemed\\nguilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction, shall be\\npunished by a fine of not less than five hundred dollars,\\nand by imprisonment for not less than one j^ear.\\nSec. G. No ordinance of the Board of Aldermen of said\\ncity, levying any tax whatever, shall be valid or of any\\neffect unless an estimate and the rate of assessment of\\nthe taxes so to be levied, shall be first submitted to said\\nBoard of Audit and Finance, and approved, by at least\\nthree of its members. The estimates aforesaid shall specify\\nthe amount required during the next coming fiscal year to\\npay interest on the debt of said cit}^ and to provide a sink-\\ning fund for its ultimate payment, and the amount which\\nwill be required, as nearl}^ as can be ascertained, to meet\\nthe necessary exj)enditures for the several departments of\\nthe city government, and the amounts to be expended\\nunder said estimates shall be apportioned by said Board of\\nAudit and Finance, according to the specifications accom-", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAR ^LINA. 29\\npanying the same, among the several departments of the\\ncity, of which apportionment a copy shall be delivered to\\nthe Clerk and Treasurer of said city. All warrants which\\nmay be drawn on account of any duly audited claim or\\ndemand, shall specify the particular fund from which the\\nsame is to be paid, and no such warrant shall be paid from\\nany other fund, than the one designated therein and if\\nany such warrant shall be paid, in violation of this pro-\\nvision, or if any claim against said city shall be paid or be\\nreceived on account of any indebtedness to said city,\\nbefore a proper warrant for the same has been issued, the\\nTreasurer of said city, or any other person paying the\\nsame out of any funds belonging to said city shall be liable\\nfor the amount so paid, and shall be deemed guilty of a\\nmisdemeanor.\\nSec. 7, The said Board of Audit and Finance shall, once\\nin every three months, cause to be posted at the Court\\nHouse, and ten other public places in said city, a state-\\nment of all claims and demands against said city, audited\\nby said Board, giving the respective amounts claimed and\\nallowed, the character of said claim and the name of the\\nclaimant.\\nSec. 8. It shall be the duty of said Board of Audit and\\nFinance, and it shall have the exclusive power to fix the\\nsalaries or other compensation of all officers and employees\\nof said city, and to pass upon and approve the official\\nbonds of such officers and no contract, even for the\\nnecessary expenses of said city, nor any bond, note or\\nother obligation in behalf of said city, shall be valid or of\\nany effect, unless the same be ajjproved by said Board, and\\nsuch approval be endorsed thereon. Any officer of said\\ncity who is required to give a bond for the faithful per-\\nformance of his duties, who shall enter upon the discharge\\nof the duties of his office, or in any way intermeddle there-\\nwith, before the official bond siiall be duly approved as\\naforesaid, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "30 WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAROLINA.\\non conviction shall he lined not less than five hnndred\\ndollars, and imprisoned not less than six months, and shall\\nfurther forfeit his office.\\nSec. il Said Board shall, at such times during each year\\nas may be deemed judicious, and at the end of each iiscal\\nyear, audit and cause to be settled the accounts of the City\\nTreasurer, and of all other persons holding any funds\\nbelonging to said cit}^ and on all such settlements, all\\ninterest, benefit, advantage received or to be received,\\ndirectly or indirectlj^, from the use, disposal or deposit of\\nany funds belonging to said city, by any officer or agent\\nof the city, shall be duly accounted for. Such officers or\\nagents upon making any sucli settlements shall be required\\nto make and file with said Board an affidavit, declaring as\\nthe fact may be, whether he has or has not received, or is\\nnot to receive directly or indirectly, any interest, benefit or\\nadvantage from the use, deposit, or any disposal of said\\nfunds, and shall also be examined orally on the mattei s\\nreferred to. In the event that any officer of said city,\\nupon the investigation of his accounts as aforesaid, shall\\nbe found to be in default, said Board of Audit and Finance\\nis hereby authorized and emx)Owered to declare his office\\nvacant.\\nSec. 10. The Board of Aldermen of the said city shall,\\nannually, at least one month before the time of the annual\\nassessment of taxes by said Board, and at such other times\\nas may be necessary, advertise for proposals for all labor\\nand for all materials required by said city for the opening,\\nguttering, grading and cleaning or paving, or otherwise\\nimproving the streets, alleys or sidewalks of said city\\nfor lighting and repairing the lami:)S of the city for all\\nlabor and materials for the rei:)air or construction of all\\nbuildings belonging to the city for all printing and\\nadvertising required by the city for all supplies of any\\nkind required for the use of the city, or any department\\nthereof and shall contract for the same with the lowest", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAKOLIN.A. 31\\nbiddej who raay.be considered lit and competent but no\\nsucli contract shall be binding on the city till api^roved by\\nthe said Board of Audit and Finance, by which all sucli\\ncontractors shall be required to enter into bonds secured to\\nits satisfaction, for the faithful performance of their several\\ncontracts.\\nSec, 11. The Chairman of the Board of Audit and Finance\\nshall be the Commissioner of the Sinking Fund of the City\\nof Wilmington, and shall liave all the powders and per-\\nform all the duties incident to that office by any and all\\nacts of the General Assembly authorizing or requiring the\\nappointment of such an officer. He shall enter into bond,\\nwith two or more good and sufficient sureties, to be ap-\\ni:)roved of by the Board of Aldermen of said city in such\\nsum as said Board of Aldermen shall fix, and payable to\\nthe city of Wilmington, and conditioned for the faithful\\nperformance of all the duties incident to said office, or\\nwhich may be hereafter imposed on such officers. The\\nChairman of said Board, as Commissioner of the Sinking\\nFund of the city of Wilmington, shall in the months of\\nJanuary and July of each year cause to be published, in\\none or more of the newspapers in said city, a statement\\nshowing the true condition of said Sinking Fund, giving the\\namount and character of the investments of the same, and\\nthe place of deposit of the securities belonging to it.\\nSec. 12. The Treasurer of the said city, upon a j^roper\\nwarrant to be drawn on him as is hereinbefore provided,\\nshall pay over to the said Commissioner of the Sinking\\nFund the amounts which may from time to time be col-\\nlected from taxes assessed and levied for the Sinking Fund\\nof said city, and also all sums which may have been\\nassessed and collected for any other department of the city\\ngovernment, and which may be remaining in his hands\\nunexpended and unappropriated at the end of any fiscal\\nyear. The sums of money which may be paid as aforesaid\\nto theCommissioner of the Sinking: Fund, shall be invested", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "32 WILMINGTON, NOliTII CAROLINA.\\nand managed as required by law and in making invest-\\nments of the same, and of all sums accruing from securi-\\nties in wliicli the same may be invested, pieferenco shall\\nbe given to such of the bonds of said city which will yield\\nthe largest income on the amount invested all of such\\nbonds of the city of AYilmington which may be purchased\\nfor the purpose aforesaid and all the coupons thereto,\\nshall be immediately and indelibly stamped with the words:\\nthe Sinking Fund of the City of Wilmington; and the\\nnumber, amount and date of issue of every such bond shall\\nbe recorded by said Commissioner in a proper book kept\\nby said Board of Audit and Finance for that purpose and\\na duly certified copy of such record shall from time to time,\\nas additional investments for said fund shall be made, be\\nfurnished b}^ said Commissioner to the Board of Aldermen\\nof said city, who shall cause the same to be filed by the\\nclerk and treasurer of said city, and recorded in a proper\\nbook in his office. All bonds as aforesaid, and all other\\nsecurities purchased as investment of any fund belonging\\nto said sinking fund, and all intei est accruing thereon,\\nshall be held exclusively for the use of and as part of said\\nSinking Fund, and shall not be disposed of or transferred,\\nor in any way used for any other purpose whatever. The\\nchairman of said Board of Andit and Finance, as compen-\\nsation for his services as Commissioner of the Sinking Fund\\nof the City of Wilmington, shall be entitled to a salary of\\nfour hundred dollars per annum and the Treasurer of\\nsaid city, upon the proper warrant as aforesaid, signed by\\nthe Chairman and Clerk of said Board of Audit and\\nFinance, shall pay the necessary expenses of said Board,\\nthe salary of their Clerk, and the salary as aforesaid of its\\nChairman.\\nSec. 13. The Treasurer of the city of Wilmington shall\\nat the end of every month, cause to be posted at the Court\\nHouse and at ten other public places in said city, a state\\nnient dul}^ verified by his oath, in which shall be set forth", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAROLINA. 83\\nthe names of all persons to whom he has x^^ici any amount\\nduring that month, the amount so i)aid to each person, the\\nparticular fund from which such pajnnent has l een made,\\nand the whole amount of money belonging to the city then\\nremaining in his hands.\\nSec. 14. That all laws and parts of laws in conflict with\\nthe provisions of this act are hereby repealed, and this\\nact shall be in force from and after the ratification of the\\nsame.\\nRatified the 28th day of February, A. D. 1877.\\nCity Finances Meioort of the Commissioner of the Sink-\\ning Fund, and Accompanying Statement of\\nthe City Clerk and Treasurer.\\nOFFICE BOARD OF AUDIT AND FINANCE,\\nCity of Wilmington, N. C, January 4th^ 1882.\\nThe Honorable, the Mayor and Aldermen, City of Wit-\\nonlngton\\nGentlemen: As reqnired by law^ I beg to report present\\nstatus of the Sinking Fund.\\nsecurities held.\\nOf Bonds maturing February 1st, 1892, 8 2,500 00\\nJanuary 1st, 1897, 3,300 00\\nJanuary 1st, 1899, 1,000 00\\nJanuary 1st, 1901, 10,000 00\\nJanuary 1st, 1904, 25,000 00\\nCash uninvested, 55 00\\nTotal, $41,855 00\\nAll of above has been accumulated since the establish-\\nment of the Board of Audit and Finance, in 1877.\\nThe possession of a Sinking Fund of above proportion is\\nof itself a matter of gratulation, but when it is coupled\\nwith the fact that lolthln the same time, the debt of the", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "34 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCity has actually been reduced more than one hundred\\nthousand dollars^ the tax-payers cannot fail to appreciate\\nthe management of City affairs since 1877.\\nNot only has this immense debt reduction been accom-\\nplished, but the tax on Real Estate has been reduced one-\\nquarter of one per cent., notwithstanding the fact that the\\nassessed value thereof has been reduced $637,832. The\\nlicense taxes have also been materially reduced.\\nThe above concise statement of important financial items\\nis highly gratifying, and of iuterest to every citizen, for not\\nonly has the municipal credit been restored, but a continu-\\nation of economical administration and proper aj)plication\\nof revenue, must undoubtedly lead to further reduction of\\ntaxes.\\nAll Bonds belonging to the Sinking Fund, and the\\nCoupons thereto attached, have been indelibly stamped,\\nSinking Fund, City of Wilmington, N. C, and are\\ndei)osited in the vault of the Bank of New Hanover.\\nYour attention is especially directed to the accompany-\\ning valuable report of Mr. Savage, your Clerk and Treas-\\nurer, wherein a comparison is instituted, and the i^resent\\nimproved state of finances eatisfactorily and clearly\\ndemonstrated.\\nVery Respectfully,\\nNORWOOD GILES,\\nCommissioner Sinlhing Fund.\\nOFFICE CITY CLERK AND TREASURER,\\nCity of Wilmington, N. C, January 3rd, 1882.\\nNorwood Giles, Esq., Chairman of Board of Andit and\\nFinance^ Wilmington^ N. C:\\nSir In answer to your request of this date, that I\\nfurnish you with a statement of the present condition of\\ncity finances, as compared with the same when I entered", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA 35\\nupon the duties of my office, in July 1877, I respectfully\\nsubmit the following report\\nBy the city tax book of 1877 I find Real Estate assessed\\nat 13,832,890, and the rate of taxation two per cent.\\nOn July 1st, 1877, the debt of the Oity, as near as could\\nbe ascertained was about $673,000, with not a dollar in the\\nSinking Fund. Much of this debt was in past due bonds\\nand coupons and a floating debt of about 115,000. There\\nwas no money of moment in the Treasury and an over-\\ndraft at Bank of f 1,200. To pay the policemen and other\\nexpenses for June, 1877, it was necessary to borrow |2,300\\nfrom bank.\\nThe bonds were selling for seventy cents, or less, on the\\ndollar, and the coupons were bought up at a discount\\nranging from ten to twenty per cent., and paid into the\\nTax Collector s office by the purchasers for taxes at par.\\nThe current expenses of the City for the fiscal year end-\\ning May 12th, 1877, were -^79,359.57 balance due Treasurer\\nby his account that date, l?l,999.72.\\nI find by the tax book of 1881 real estate assessed at\\n$3,195,058, and the rate of taxation one and three-fourths\\nper cent. The present debt of the City is, all in bonds,\\n1572,100; the sinking fund is $41,800. No floating debt\\nor past due coupons. The six per cent, bonds are now\\nat par, and the eight per cent, bonds cannot be bought\\nat 105.\\nThe Current Expenses for the Fiscal Year\\nending April 1st, 1881, were I 54,480 07\\nCash on hand at that date, 10,415 75\\nThus we see that Real Estate was assessed in\\n1877 at 3,832,890 00\\nThe same Real Estate was assessed in 1881 at 3,195,058 00\\nReduction of assessment on Real Estate 637,732 00\\nTotal value of Taxable Propert}, Real and\\nPersonal, in 1881, $4,856,5.57 00", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "36 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThe valuation of personal proi)erfcy is made by the tax-\\njyayers tliemselves^ and is largely in excess in 1881 ot that\\nreturned by them in 1877.\\nThe City Tax on Eeal Estate in 1877 was I 76,657 80\\nThe City Tax on the same Real Estate in 1881,\\nwith four years improvements, is 55,913 51\\nReduction of City Tax on Real Estate, 20,1^4: 29\\nIn the matter of the monthly license taxes on merchants\\n1 find that the following taxes were paid per month for the\\nrespective years\\n1877. 1881.\\nAuctioneers, $10 00 t 5 00\\nBar Rooms, 12 50 10 00\\nBakers 5 00 2 50\\n-Cemmercial Brokers 5 00 3 00\\nCommission Merchants, on sales of from\\n15,000 to 110,000 7 50 5 00\\nWholesale and Retail Dealers, on sales of\\nfrom 1500 to 11,000 5 00 4 00\\nAnd all other license taxes have been reduced in the same\\nproportion.\\nUpon the summing up I find the Sinking Fund increased\\n141,800 the debt reduced 1100, OCO; the tax on Real Estate\\nreduced 33^ i)er cent. the Merchants License tax reduced^\\n35 per cent.; the City Bonds at and above par, an advance\\nof 50 per cent.\\nVery Respectfully,\\nHENRY SAVAGE,\\nClerJi. and, Treasurer.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOTITII CAROLINA. 37\\nOFFICE BOARD OF AUDIT AND FINANCE.\\nWilmington, N. C, January 2ncl, 1883.\\nTo the Honorable, the Mayor and Aldermen., City of Wil-\\nmington\\nGentlemen As required by law, I herewith submit\\nstatement, showing the condition of the Sinkinc^ Fund oi\\nyour city\\nSecurities Held\\nOf Matured Bonds S 1,700\\nOf Bonds Maturing February 1st, 1892, 3,000\\nJanuary 1st, 1897, 3,700\\nJanuary 1st, 1899 1,000\\nJanuary 1st, 1901, 10,000\\nJanuary 1st, 1904, ^5,000\\nCash Uninvested 29\\nTotal, $44,529\\nThe value of maintaining this fund as an important factor\\nin sustaining our city credit is fully recognized by erery\\none who deals in our city securities, or is at all interested\\nin the good faith of the oitj toward its creditors, as it forms\\na part of the contract under which our bonds were issued.\\nFor it must be borne in mind that the several acts of the\\nLegislature authorizing the City to issue bonds, provided\\nfor the creation and maintenance of a Sinking Fund for\\ntheir gradual payment. Bat it was not until the creation\\nof the Board of Audit and Finance whose Chairman was\\nmade ex officio Commissioner of the Sinking Fund that\\nany attention was ever given to the subject. Hence, in\\n1877 when the Board of Audit and Finance was organized,\\nits chairman found no such fund in existence. While the\\nXDressing demands upon the City Treasury which was tJieii\\nlaboring under the heavy burden of over a hundred\\nthousand dollars ^a^/ due indebtedness, gave no encour-\\naging x^rospects of establishing one\u00e2\u0080\u0094 yet the law required", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "B8 WILMINGTON, NORTH OAllOLlNA.\\nit should be done, and the necessary machinery was set to\\nwork by tax assessment for that purpose. As the money\\nis collected and paid over to the Commissioner of the Sink-\\ning Fund, it is invested in the City Bonds, which are regis-\\ntered and stamped\u00e2\u0080\u0094 both bonds and coupons Sinking\\nFund, City of Wilmington, and now form a permanent\\nFund, the interest of which is invested semi-annually.\\nThat it has grown to its present x)roportions is certainly a\\nmatter for congratulation, and, if prudently managed, it\\nwill go on increasing until our bonded debt is entirely ab-\\nsorbed by it, while it gi^^s assurance meanwhile to our\\ncreditors that the City is mindful of its obligations and is\\npreparing to meet them.\\nRICHARD J. JONES,\\nCommissioner Sinlcing Fund.\\nCITY CONTRACTS.\\nThe following comprise existing contracts with the City,\\nand their nature, for fiscal year ending March 81, 1883,\\nto wit\\nClarendon Water Works Co., for use of Fire Hydrants\\n(there are now 105) 16,750 per annum.\\nCity Hospital, ((^ity paying two-fifths of expenses, County\\nthree-fifths) $1,000 per annum.\\nT, J. Southerland, feeding mules, keeping carts and\\nharness in repair, and furnishing drivers, ti32.50 per\\nmonth for each mule and cart. There are now six mules\\n(and one horse at $12.50 per month) $207.50 jier month, or\\n$2,490 per annum.\\nWilmington Gas Light Co., furnishing gas at $2.00 x^er\\nmonth for each street lamp. There are now 189 street\\nlami)S, making 1378 per month, or $4,536 per annum. Geo.\\nW. Batson, Lamp Lighter, $1,008 per annum.\\nJ. L. Winner, keeping City Clock in order, $120 per\\nannum.\\nJ. W. Taylor, furnishing lumber, $14 |)er M feet.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOETIl CAROLINA. 39\\nJ. A. Walker, rent of wliarf and small lot opposite,\\n^350 per annum.\\nCITY POLICE.\\nThe organization of the Police Force consists of one\\nChief, one Captain, three Sergeants, twentj^-five Privates,\\none Detective and one Clerk.\\nThe api)ropriation for this department for the fiscal year\\nending March 31st, 1883, including incidental expenses and\\nequipments for the Force such as whistles, uniforms, over-\\ncoats and hats, as well as pay tot extra policemen during,\\nelections, holidays, and times of public excitement, is\\n$19,440, of which sum there has been expended to date\\n(March 1st) $15,086.83.\\nThe number of arrests made for the past year were 479\\nand amount of fines collected $389.51.\\nThere were 44.5 men, women and children, who applied\\nfor, and were accommodated with lodging at the Station\\nHouse. Of this number many were tramps, passing\\nthrough the country, others were honestly seeking work\\nall without money or a home here.\\nA considerable quantity of stolen property has been\\nrecovered by the Force and restored to rightful owners.\\nThe majority of arrests reported were for violations of\\nCity ordinances, yet quite a large number were for infrac-\\ntions of State laws and the aid rendered to Coun y\\nofficials in the discharge of their duties in this particular\\nhas been material.\\nWhile the Chief prefers that an exacting ]3ublic should\\njudge of the efficiency and worth of the Police Force, he\\ndesires to bear testimony to their collective merit, and to\\nthe manner in which they have discharged the duties\\nassigned them.\\nThe municipal strength of the Police Force of this City\\nhas always been regarded as too small. There is a large\\nscope embraced in the corporate limits to be patrolled. In", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "40 VyiLMJNQTON, NORTH CAROLINA,\\nthe more populated, or business parts of the city, for the\\nproper protection of i3roi:)erty, their stations must necessa-\\nrily be close together at night, one on a block, thus leaving\\nvei y few to be distributed on the outskirts, or even in the\\ncentral portion of the city.\\nAs compared with the pay of the police in other Southern\\ntowns, their remuneration is small.\\nThe three Health Officers, who are placed under the\\nsurveillance of the Chief of Police, have also discharged\\ntheir duties in a creditable manner. Not always meeting\\nindividual expectation as regards promptness in the removal\\nof rubbish, or abating a temporary nuisance, they have\\nbeen steadily on the alert, and have evinced a care and\\njudgment in the discharge of their disagreeable duties,\\nwhich has resulted in keei^ing the city in a cleanly and\\ngood sanitary condition.\\nTHE FIRE DEPARTMENT.\\nThere are at present in service three Steam Fire Engines,\\nall in excellent order. Two of them have hydrant connec-\\ntions with the Water Works, which have operated satis-\\nfactorily. There is also one hand engine in good order, but\\nwhich is never jised. These, with a Hook and Ladder\\nCompany, two Bucket Companies, one Hose Company,\\n3,500 feet of good hose, and about 500 feet of old hose (not\\nreliable), constitute the available means of protection\\nfrom fire.\\nThe Department, now in charge of Chief Engineer Charles\\nD, Myers, has always maintained the highest character for\\npromptness, efficiency and reliability. It is composed of\\nvigorous, public-spirited young men (white and colored)\\nof the best class, and can always be depended ux^on. The\\nservice is entirely voluntary, and although our citizens\\ngenerally admit its effectiveness, it has merited, for years, a\\nmore substantial recognition at the hands of property-\\nholders, and especially of underwriters of local fire risks.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTOX, NORTH CAROLINA. 41\\nCapt. F. G. Robinson, the recently retired chief, brought, as\\na guarantee of his capacity, an experience of many years\\nas Foreman of the Little Giant Engine Co. No. 1, and his\\nresponsible duties have been performed with credit to him-\\nself and honor to the Dei^artment. For six years the\\nduties of this office devolved upon Col. Roger Moore,\\nwhose administration was characterized by an efficiency\\nprobably equal to any paid Fire Department in the United\\nStates. A clearer head, a better executive, or a more\\npatriotic servant of the x)ublic has never, in the opinion of\\nmany of our citizens, been elected in this community.\\nThe following list comprises the present Fire Depart-\\nment\\nCHAS. D. MYERS, CJuef Engineer,\\nHoward Relief Fire Engine Compa: v, No. 1.\\nA. Adrian, Foreman,\\nH. Hintze, First Assistant,\\nM. Rathgen, Second Assistant,\\nLittle Giant Fire Engine Company, No. 1.\\nE. G. Parmelee, Foreman.\\nW. C. VonGlaiin, First Assistant.\\nM. Newman, Second Assistant,\\nCape Fear Fire Engine Company, No. 3. (Colored.)\\nValentine Howe, Foreman.\\nBen. Siiepard, First Assistant.\\nJ. Bland, Second Assistant.\\nHook and Ladder Company, No. 1.\\nR. H. Grant, Foreman.\\nN. A. Quince, First Assistant.\\nB. G, Empie Second Assistant.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "42 WILMINGTOi^, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCITY HOSPITAL.\\nThe Wilmington City Hospital was opened for reception\\nof patients, November 1,1882. By an act of the Legisla-\\nture, the Hospital is a joint institution of the county and\\ncity, the former bearing three-fifths of the expense, and\\nthe latter two-fifths.\\nUp to date, about 100 patients, afflicted with various med-\\nical and surgical diseases, have been received and cared for,\\nand quite a number of important surgical operations have\\nbeen performed successfully.\\nSeveral pay patients have availed themselves of the\\naccommodations of the Hospital for treatment, and have\\nI)aid therefore about two hundred dollars.\\nThe Hospital rates for board and nursing, including\\nhiedicines, are from 70 cents to $1.60 per day. Surgical\\noperations are charged for extra, as agreed upon by the\\npatients, in accordance with their means.\\nThe Dispensary, located in the main Hospital building,\\nfurnishes all needful medical supplies to the inmates,\\nbesides giving many prescriptions to the outside county\\nand city poor. The surgeon in charge resides on the\\npremises, and gives the most of his time to the manage-\\nment of the institution and grounds.\\nThe surgeon makes a monthly report of expenses, articles\\nfurnished, number and condition of the patients, to a\\nBoard of Managers, consisting of three members of the\\nBoard of County Commissioners, and two of the Board of\\nAldermen. All accounts are promptly audited, endorsed\\nby the Chairman, and paid each month.\\nThe Hospital greatly needs more room for patients, a\\nwell-lighted operating room, and a mortuary, or proper\\ntemporary receptacle for the dead. A report representing\\nthese wants has been made to the Board of Managers, and\\narrangements are being made to construct the building.\\nThe officers consist of a resident physician, a steward and\\na matron.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 43\\nThe present suro-eon in charge is Dr. Wm. Walter Lane,\\nwhose capacity and fitness for this responsible duty is\\ngenerally acknowledged by the profession, and whose\\nenergy and carefulness with reference to details has been\\nrepeatedly complimented by the county and city govern-\\nment. He desires me to say that it is his purpose to make\\nthis institution a credit and honor to the city, as well\\nas a boon to those unfortunates who may seek its ben-\\nefits. There is no more worthy object of benevolence in\\nour community and I take pleasure in commending it\\nmost heartily to our generous x^eople as worthy of their\\nsupport.\\nThe present public allowance is clearly inadequate, and\\nany private contributions will be appropriated by the\\nsurgeon in accordance with the wishes of the donor.\\nCOUNTY GOVERNMENT.\\nThe administration of the County Government is vested\\nin five Commissioners, viz\\nHorace A. Bagg, Chairman,\\nB. G. Worth,\\nRoger Moore,\\nJames A. Montgomery,\\nE. L. Pearoe,\\nwho are elected by the Board of Magistrates of the county\\nfor the term of two years, and are styled The Board of\\nCommissioners of the County of !N ew Hanover. They hold\\ntheir meetings on the first Monday in each month and are\\npaid $2 per diem for their services.\\nThe Sheriff of the county is S. H. Manning, who gives\\nbonds in the sum of 195,000, with D. L. Russell, E. J.\\nPennypacker, E. E. Burruss, H. E. Scott, and A. W. Shaf-\\nfer as his sureties. Paid by fees of his office.\\nThe Treasurer of the county is Owen Birney, who gives\\nbond in the sum of $40,000 with E. E. Burruss, Alfred\\nMartin, H. M. Bowden and Wm. Larkins as his sureties.\\nPaid by commissions.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "44 WILMINC4T0N, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThe Coroner of the county is David Jacobs, who gives\\nbond in the sum of 12,000, with H. E. Scott and S. H.\\nManning as his sureties. Paid by fees of his office.\\nThe Register of Deeds of the county is Jos. E. Sampson,\\nwho gives bond in tlie sum of $5,000, with F. W, Foster\\nand S. H. Manning as his sureties. He is also ex officio\\nClerli of the Board of Commissioners. Paid by the fees of\\nhis office and $2 per diem as said Clerk.\\nCOURTS.\\nThere are two terms of two weeks each of the Superior\\nCourts of the State held in the county of New Hanover\\non the thirteenth Monday after the first Monday in March\\nand September of each year. In this Court only civil\\nactions are tried. The Judges are paid by the State.\\nThe Clerk of this Court is Stacey Van Amringe, who gives\\nbond in the sura of $10,000 with George Chadbourn and\\nH. E. Scott as his sureties. Paid by fees of his office.\\nThere are six terms of the Criminal Court of New Hano-\\nver county held on the first Monday in April, June,\\nAugust, October and December, and on the second Mon-\\nday in Febraar}^ The Judge of this Court is Hon. O. P.\\nMeares, who is paid a salary by the county of $2,500.\\nThe Clerk of this Court is John W. Dunham, who gives\\nbond in the sum of $10,000, with F. AV. Kerchner, W. B.\\nMcKoy, Henry P. West and Wm. Larkins as his sureties.\\nPaid by fees of his office.\\nThe Solicitor of this Court is Benj. R. Moore, who is\\npaid by the fees of his office. He is also the attorne}^ for\\nthe Board of Commissioners, and as such is paid a salary\\nof $500 per annum.\\nThe attorneys residing in the City of Wilmington and\\npractising in these Courts are\\nGeorgk Davis, Licensed in 1840.\\nMaugeii London, 184L\\nDiT.\\\\cAN K. McRak, 1S41.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 45\\nand Thos. W. Strange, Licensed in 1878.\\nconstituting the firm of McRae Strange.\\nJohn L. Holmes, 1849.\\nDuBrutz Cutlar, 1853.\\nDuncan J. DeVane, 1858.\\nDaniel L. EussELL, 1866.\\nand A. Gf. Ricaud, 1879.\\nconstituting tlie firm of Russell Ricaud.\\nChas. M. Stedman, 1866.\\nWiLLiAN Latimer, 1877.\\nand Edward S. Latimer, 1879,\\nconstituting the firm of Stedman Latimer.\\nMarsden Bellamy, 1866.\\nJunius Davis, 1868.\\nEugene S. Martin, 1874.\\nFrank H. Darby, 1874.\\nJohn D. Bellamy, Jr., 1875.\\nAVm. B. McKoY 1879.\\nJohn C. Davis, 1882.\\nEd. H. King, 1882.\\nCOUNTY magistrates.\\nThe following is the list of Magistrates recently appointed\\nby the Legislature for New Hanover county\\nWILMINGTON township.\\nJohn M. Henderson, Wm. H. Strauss, John R. Melton,\\nJohn Cowan, Wm. W. Harriss, Sol. Bear, E. D. Hall,\\nJohn S. James, John L. Cantwell, James W. King, Lemuel\\nH. Bowden, Walker Meares, Matthew J. Heyer, David G.\\nWorth, Charles H. Robinson, Abram David, Owen Fen-\\nnell, Jr., James Madden, John C. Millis, Charles A. Pnce,\\nJ. D. K. Klander.\\nMASONBORO TOWNSHIP.\\nB. S. Montford, A. J. Johnson, A. B. George.\\nFEDERAL POINT TOWNSHIP.\\nJacob H. Home, John Canady, Elijah Williams,", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "46 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCAPE FEAR TOWNSHIP.\\nOscar M. Filyaw, AVm. Cromwell, John E. St. George.\\nHARNETT TOWNSHIP.\\nCharles H, Alexander, E. W. Manning, (George Harper.\\nRECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURE FOR THE COUNTY IN 1882.\\nReceii^ts exclusive of Seliool Fund as shown in settle-\\nment of Sheriff with Treasurer, January 18th, 1883,\\n$28,639.64.\\nAmount in hands of Treasurer on that date 31,050.62.\\nDebt of County evidenced by Bonds at 6 per\\ncent interest due March 1st, 1887, 13,000.00.\\nEstimated expenses of County for ensuing fiscal\\nyear, ending November 30th, 1883, 26,250.00.\\nExpenses for the last fiscal year, 26,582.55.\\nThere is no floating debt.\\nIncluded in the $31,050.62 is $13,000 which is set aside to\\nl^ay the bonds.\\nThe Tax Levy the past year, 1882, was,\\nState Tax on property, on $100 valuation .40^^\\nCounty 34i\\nTotal, .75\\nIncluded in the 40i cents levied by tlie State is 12^ cents\\nfor the School Fund.\\nState Tax on each poll, 1.2U\\nCounty 1.03i\\nIncluded in the $1.21|^ levied by the State is 37^ cents for\\nthe School Fund.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAROLINA. 47\\nANNUAL STATEMENT\\nOf the Board of Commissioners for the County of New HanOver, for th^\\nFiscal Year Beginning the ist day of December, 1881, and\\nEnding the 30th day of November, 1882.\\ntfie:a.sx7Re:r*s report.\\nGeneral Fund Account, New Hanover County in Account with Elijah Hewlett,\\nTreasurer, from December 1st, 1881, to November 3Uth, 1882.\\nDR.\\nTo amount transferred to Special Fund Sl.OOO 00\\n1,800 00\\npaid Warrants 25,990 03\\npaid Commissions 760 22 3i29,0r 5 25\\nBalance 20,475 8.}\\nS55,531 08\\nOR.\\nDy Balance December 1st, 1881 120,298 00\\nS. H. Manning, Sheriff, General Tax $27,631 65\\nS. H. Manning, Jury Tax !7 3o\\nS, H. Manning, Schedule B Tax 0,500 00\\nJ. E. Sampson, Register, Marriage License Tax 227 05\\nS. VanAmringe, C. S. C, Jury Tax 17 00\\nDelinquent Tax 781 40\\nCronly d- Morris, nett sale Stove 07\\nAmount from Columbus County 55 50 :;f35,233 02\\nlj.55,531 C8\\nSpecial Fund, New Hanover County, in Account with Elijah Hewlett, County\\nTreasurer, from December 1st, 1881, to November 30th, 1882.\\nDR.\\nPaid for Bonds and Premiums S 7,773 60\\nfor Coupons 915 00\\nTreasurer s Commissions 147 46 18,836 06\\nBalance S145 65\\n18,981 71\\nCR.\\nBy Balance December 1st, 1881 $3,573 38\\nAmount transferred from general fund [fl.OOO 00\\n1,300 00\\nS.H. Manning, Sheriff 3,108 33 $5,408 33\\n$8,981 71", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "48 WILMINGTON, NOKTII OAEOLINA.\\nCounty TrG.vsiirer s Report of Receipts and Disbursements of .School Fund from\\nDecember 1st, 1881, to November 30th, 1882.\\nRECEIPTS.\\nBalance on hand as per last report... 8,5J6 00\\nReceived General .State and County Poll Tax, 188J 3,49(i 60\\nProperty School Tax, 1882 5,970 63\\nfrom Fines, Forfeitures and Penalties 256 61\\nfrom Liquor License 613 60\\nfrom Sale of Estrays 7 38\\nS18,8C0 01\\nDISBURSEMENTS.\\nPaid Teachers of Schools for Whites S3,907 25\\nColored 5,177 50\\nfor School Houses (white) 405 17\\n(colored) 1,450 36\\nCountj Superintendent 408 00\\nRegister of Deeds 75 00\\nCounty Commissioners 96 50\\nTreasurer s Commissions 274 38\\nTotal Disbursements 111,881 16\\nBalance 7,006 78\\nCRIMINAL COURT.\\nJudge \u00c2\u00bb2,500 00\\nClerk 1,014 39\\nSolicitor 553 50\\nSheriflf. 724 05\\nJurors 2,601 45\\nWitnesses 973 31\\n?S,300 70\\nSUPERIOR COURT.\\nClerk 199 07\\nSheriflf 22 25\\nJurors 588 80\\nWitnesses 1 60\\n812 32\\nAttorney 535 00\\nCommissioners 853 60\\nCoroner 217 10\\nConstables 228 94\\nJustices of Peace 698 05\\nRegister of Deeds 434 09\\nAdvertising 126 00\\nRoads and Bridges 375 81\\nClerks, Auditing Committee, Janitor, Ice, fec 1,272 OS\\nElections 618 22\\nPoor House 2,806 55\\nOut Door Poor 2,400 97\\nJail 1,682 6(\u00c2\u00bb\\nPublic Buildings 1,1(!(; ;i9\\nStationery and Printing 362 76\\nTax Listing 1,039 00\\nTax Remitted 47 52\\nOld Claims 26 74\\nClerks of other Counties 29 50\\nSheriffs of other Counties 38 95\\nSuperintendent of Health 90O GO\\nHospital 1,510 00\\n$26,582 .55", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 49\\nCurrent Expenses proper of County $25,042 4d\\nCounty Proportionate part of Expenses of City Hospital l.oJO OG\\nS,582 55\\nBONDED DEBT.\\nBonded debt due March, 1887 S15,80()\\nFloating debt ()0,0U0\\nTAX LEVY OF 1883.\\nState Tax on Property 4014\\nCounty Tax on Property 341^\\nTotal 75\\nState Tax on Poll 81.211^\\n(Jounty Tax on Poll 1.033^\\nTotal $2.25\\nAMOUNT DUE EACH SCHOOL DISTRICT.\\nDistrict No. 1, White 226 20\\n2, ],.31t) )7\\n3, 78 (iS\\n4, 72 4(5\\n5, 249 5!t\\n6, 2 73\\nTotal White $1,976 61\\nDistrict No. 1, Colored $3,944 58\\n2, 447 Si\\n3, 71 10\\n4, 255 81\\n5, 259 77\\n6, 6 04\\nTotal Colored, $4,985 11\\nTotal White 1,976 64\\nBalance general School Fund 45 03\\n$7,006 78\\nB. G. WORTH, Chairman,\\nROGER MOORE, V Auditing Committee.\\nH. A. BAGG, j\\nTreasurer s report shows on hand to General Fund\\n$26,475.83 out of which the County is prepared to jDay the\\nBonded debt and is anxious to do so, in fact will pay pre-\\nmium for Bonds of 1 per cent, and accrued interest, $2,800\\nof the 115,800 of indebtedness have been bought at this\\npremium since 1st January.\\nPOPULATION.\\nFrom the following tables, it is apparent that the increase\\nin our population for the last decade is of a steady and\\nhealthy growth. We can therefore reasonably estimate\\nour present population at about 19,000.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "50\\nWILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nm\\nA\\no\\nm\\nQ\\nH\\nft\\nPh\\no\\nH\\nH\\nm\\nH\\n)Bga.iSSv\\ni\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2po.ioioo\\ni\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2aiiq^w\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a20)\u00c2\u00abSo.tSSv\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pa.ioioo\\nTO\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a291HLW.\\ns\\ni\\ni\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2o-)BSa.igSv\\nCO\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pa.ioioo\\n1\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2aiUlAS.\\nUS\\n1\\nO\\na\\n3\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2uonBindoj\\n1-\\n-3\\n(1)\\ns-\\n_o\\no\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2[BJOX\\no i\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2aiBraa^\\nCO\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2OIBK\\n00\\n4)\\ns\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2l\u00c2\u00ab?ox\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2X\\na:\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2aiBiuo^\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2rr\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2OIBM\\nCO t\\nS 3\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2p9.ioioo\\n1^\\n1\\n05\\nO 0)\\nEh\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0l\u00c2\u00ab?ox\\nS\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pojoioo\\n2\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a28?mM j\\n3 0\u00c2\u00bb\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2IB^OX 1\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2P9JOI00\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2a^mAV\\nNo. Of\\nSchool\\nDistricts.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2ItJloi\\nM\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2P9.1OIO0 1\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2a^RAV 1\\nooi\u00c2\u00a3\\nOjOO\\n1\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2po.ioioo i S\\nPercent\\nattendan\\nnion Sc\\n1\\n31!qA\\\\ 1\\nNo. attending\\nno\\nSchool.\\n1 8\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2I nox\\n12\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pa.ioioo 1 2-\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2aimA\\\\.\\n55\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a03\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2IBIOX\\nOS\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pa -ioioo\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0M\\nO\\no\\nIs.,.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2jKiox i\\nO P\\n3\\nego\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2pojoioo ii\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a29TmA\\\\. i\\nNo. of School\\nChildren 6 to 21\\nyears of age.\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2imox\\nCO\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2P9.IOIO0\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0oinhw\\nO sS\\no\u00c2\u00ab\\nU\\ns g\\no u\\nH\\nIi|\\nID\\nfen\\nTi\\nm\\n0) 1\\nb\\nc\\nU\\n(U\\nu\\no\\n.c\\n3\\nC3 w\\nCcS", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOllTIl CAROLIN.A. 51\\nPUBLIC SCHOOLS.\\nWe have good cause to congratulate ourselves on the\\nflourishing condition of our Public or Common Schools.\\nElementary education is now within the reach of every\\nchild amongst us, with no cost to the parents, and there are\\nbut few children (at least of the white population) who do\\nnot avail themselves of this privilege. These schools are\\nprovided with competent teachers, and are under the con-\\nstant supervision of Mr. M. C. S. Noble, whose education,\\nexperience in teaching, and indomitable industry, in every\\nway qualify him for this responsible position.\\nThe management of our Common Schools is in the hands\\nof the five County Commissioners. These Commissioners\\nform the County Board of Education, and appoint three\\nSchool Committeemen for each District, and the School\\nCommittee, in their turn, appoint teachers and oversee the\\ngeneral management of the schools.\\nThe County Superintendent is appointed by the Board\\nof Justices of the Peace.\\nThe s^^stem, surrounded in this manner, by all the safe-\\nguards necessary to protect both the interests of the chil-\\ndren and those of the tax-payer, works well in this city.\\nWilmington township, which is coextensive with the citj\\nof Wilmington, has two school districts, in each of which\\nis one for the whites and one for the blacks.\\nDistrict (No. I) White, lies North of Market Street.\\n(No. 2). South\\n(No. 1) Black North of Chestnut Street.\\n(No. 2) South\\nHemenway Graded School, District No. 1, white race,\\nis on Fourth Street, between Red Cross and Campbell.\\nPeabody Graded School, District No. 1, colored race,\\nis on Fifth, between Red Cross and Campbell streets.\\nUnion Graded School, District No. 2, white race, is on\\nSixth, between Nun and Church streets.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "ri2 WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAROLINA.\\nWilliston Graded Scliool, District No. 2, colored race,\\nis on Seventh, between Ann and Nun streets,\\nNaniber of children of school age in District No. 1,\\nwhite 1,009\\nNumber of children of school age in District No. 2,\\nwhite 943\\nTotal 1,952\\nAmount apportioned $3,904\\n4 Number of children of school age in District No. 1,\\ncolored 1,606\\nNumber of children of school age in District No. 2,\\ncolored 1,510\\nTotal 3,116\\nAmount apportioned $6,232\\nAverage daily attendance in white schools about 300\\ncolored 425\\nNumber of teachers in white schools 8\\ncolored 12\\nIn a speech by Senator Blair, of New Hampshire, June\\n13, 1882, allusion was made to the disproportionate attend-\\nance of scliool children in North Carolina to the popula-\\ntion, in the following language: Wilmington. North\\nCarolina, has an enrollment of 866, or 18 per cent., while\\n82 per cent, of the children of that city would api3ear to be\\nwithout means of public education. This reflects unjustly\\nupon our public school system.\\nThe scliool laws of Massachusetts require the attendance\\nof children between the jiges of 5 and 15 years- those of\\nNorth Carolina between 6 and 21 years.\\nIt is well known that the greater number of both male\\nand female children leave school before they reach the age\\nof 17 years; and, as all over that age are registered as\\nattending no school, it would appear that there is a want", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 53\\nof proper interest in the matter of education whereas both\\nsexes generally attain all the elements of an education at\\nor about 17 years of age, at which time they are generally\\nobliged to work for a livelihood.\\nThe cost of each pupil j)er school year in Wilmington is\\nabout $8.50\u00e2\u0080\u0094 in New York city it is about $30.\\nIt may interest some of our people to know that Golds-\\nboro levies a special tax for its Graded School, and al-\\nthough a town of only 3,300 inhabitants, has an average\\ndaily attendance of 447.\\nWilson, a town of 1,400 inhabitants, has an average of\\nnearly 400 attendants, and has raised by private subscrip-\\ntion in the past two years 16,000 for the support of its\\nschool.\\nSpecial features of the Wilmington schools consist in\\nthe fact that they are all thoroughly graded, and con-\\nducted on the same general principle. The teachers are.\\nwell qualified, and many of them have made special prepa-\\nration by attending the State Normal School. The Prin-\\ncipal conducts four teachers meetings during each month-\\ntwo for the white teachers and two for the colored teachers.\\nAt these meetings, school government and methods of\\nteaching are discussed, and work for the next two weeks\\nis properly assigned. While the schools are in session, the\\nPrincipal goes from room to room, takes notes on the\\nteachers manner, and the decorum of the pupils, and at\\ntimes conducts the recitation himself and while inspecting,\\nforms, in a great measure, the subject of discussion at\\nteachers meetings. Occasionally, to illustrate any new\\nmethod of instruction, the teachers are resolved into a\\nmodel class, wTien the recitation is first conducted by the\\nPrincipal, and afterwards by the teachers in turn. In this\\nway the x^eculiarities of each teacher are brought to view,\\ncriticised, and then approved or disapproved, according as\\nthey are good or bad.\\nThe members of the District School Committees from", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "54 WILMINGTON^, NORTH CAUOLINA,\\ntime to time, either in a body or individually, visit the\\nschools and inspect the character of the work done.\\nThe}^ pay particular attention to the most economical\\nmethods, and are careful to employ only thoroughly capa-\\nble teachers.\\nIn this way, and with the aid of instructors working for\\na reputation, they hope to make the schools under their\\ncharge, an honor and an ornament to the cit} and an object\\nof interest to visitors from abroad.\\nThe members of the School Committee are\\nDistrict No. 1 Donald MacRae, Chairman Wm. M.\\nParker, Jos. E. Sampson.\\nDistrict No. 2 James H. Chadbourn, Chairman Walker\\nMeares, John Norwood.\\nThe question as to the effect of education upon therising\\ngeneration of colored people is not easy to solve. Sufficient\\ntime has not elapsed since their emancipation to determine\\nhow much, if any, benefit has resulted. For several years\\nafter the war, this field seemed to commend itself in a pecu-\\nliar sense to the philanthropy of the North. The disor-\\nganized state of civil affairs, and the impoverished condi-\\ntion of the Southern people, p)revented them from educating\\ntheir own children, and no money could therefore be raised\\nfor the education of the negroes. Race prejudice, inten-\\nsified by the institution of slavery, cramped subsequent\\nefforts of our people to accomplish anything in this direc-\\ntion. The negroes being freed by the act of the Northern\\npeople, were therefore regarded in a special sense as their\\nwards, and they were under obligations to meet that\\nresponsibility. Peculiar difficulties have attended the\\nefforts of Northern philanthropists, such as a natural\\nantagonism, aggravated by political emissaries coming in\\nsome instances in the garb of teachers, and the wide-\\nspread and profound ignorance and superstition of the ne-\\ngroes themselves. In spite of this, there has been a steady", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 55\\nimprovement, most marked where the efforts at real instruc-\\ntion have been thorough and permanent. In the first few\\nyears of the experiment, the worlv was sadly marred, not\\nonly by the political bias and aspirations of its projectors,\\nbut by a show and parade on public occasions highly offen-\\nsive to the intelligent and dignified class of our citizens.\\nIn later years, beginning with the administration of the\\nRev. Mr. Blake, careful observers in our community gen-\\ntlemen who have had good opportunity for observation\\nhave noted a marked improvement in the habits, the morals\\nand industry of many of the negro school children.\\nMr. Dodge s system requiring a nominal fee for tuition,\\nhas proved an excellent plan, insuring regular attendance\\nand fostering a spirit of independence perhaps surx)rising\\nto many who are familiar with the dependent nature of the\\nrace. Whatever may be the technical details of the methods\\nadopted in Mr. Dodge s school, the effect is beyond ques-\\ntion a good one, as the boys after leaving this institution\\nget employment more readily than others, because their\\nmoral principles are higher, and because they are generally\\nbetter fitted for intelligent occupation than the majority of\\nthose who profess to have received an elementary edu-\\ncation.\\nThe people of Wilmington have great cause for thank-\\nfulness that our negro x^opulatlon is so law-abiding and\\nfaithful to duty and to take courage from the results\\nalready accomplished in a transition so violent\u00e2\u0080\u0094 from a\\nlife of slavery to that of freedom and citizenshii) in the\\neyes of the law. The utmost harmony has prevailed be-\\ntween the races for many years past, and instances of dis-\\nagreement between emxDloyers and employes are far more\\nrare than among the whites in the North. With direct\\nreference to this subject, I have requested the Agent of\\nthe American Missionary Society in Wilmington to give\\nme a short outline of his work in our community, which\\nis herewith appended, and I doubt not, a large number of", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "56 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nour intelligent citizens who read this will be surx)rised at\\nthe ma.^nitude of the undertaking, and the efficiency of its\\nadministration.\\nDear Sir In compliance with your request for a con-\\ndensed statement of the work and expenditures of the\\nAmerican Missionary Association in this city, I have the\\nhonor as their agent, of giving you the following report\\nThe American Missionary Association began its work\\namong the Freedmen in this city in the month of April,\\n1865. The object of this work was to impart intellectual\\nand moral instruction, and to teach an orderly Christian\\nlife. To this end a corps of eight teachers oj^ened public\\nfree schools in different localities in the city. The number\\nof teachers has varied from time to time, sometimes being\\nmore and sometimes less than at the beginning. At the\\nsame time, afternoon schools for women and night schools\\nfor both sexes were opened. Sunday School work was\\ncarried on in connection with these schools from the first.\\nThis work was sustained alone by the Association till\\n1869, when the School Board of Wilmington began to\\nco-operate with it in sustaining free schools, and continued\\nto do so until 1873, when the local authorities concluded to\\ndiscontinue further co-operative school work, and to\\nestablish public schools of their own. This led to tlie\\nre- organization of the Association s work, and to the estab-\\nlishment of the Preparatory Dei^artments of the present\\nNormal School, which were opened for the admission of\\npupils October, 1873, with a small tuition fee of one dollar\\nper month. The various departments of our work were at\\nthat time condensed into what we could do in the one build-\\ning on the corner of Nun and Seventh streets as it then\\nstood but we soon became uncomfortably crowded. The\\nneed of establishing regular and orderly worship became\\napparent, and for a time this was conducted in the school\\nroom. Through the representations of Mr. Woodworth, of\\nBoston, Mr. Gregory, of Marblehead, Mass., became inter-\\nested in our wants, and gave the money to build the church", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 67\\nedifice which now stands on Nun street. This led to a visit\\nfrom Mr. Gregory at the time of the dedication of the\\nchurch. Upon examining the work done under unfavora-\\nble conditions, he was so impressed with the importance of\\nthe work itself, and the need of enlarged facilities, that he\\nfurnished the means for building the Home which the\\nteachers now occuj)y, and for the renovation and enlarge-\\nment of the old building for school work thus giving us\\nour present appointments, which seem well adapted to the\\nwork to be done.\\nThe entire expenditure of the Association for the work\\nat this station, including Mr. Gregory s liberal gift, is in\\nround numbers $90,000. $18,800 of this amount has been\\nexpended since 1879 in enlargements and improvements.\\nAt the time of the discontinuance of co-oj^erative work with\\nthe Association, the city bought the building known as the\\nWilliston School of the Association, for the sum of\\n13,000. $500 of this purchase money was given to the\\ncity by the Association to be expended in repairing the\\nbuilding.\\nIn addition to any advantage which may have come to\\nthe city from the work, more than one hundred of our\\npupils have gone out as teachers among their people,\\nNow, while I do not claim perfection for the methods, or\\nthat the workers have always been the wisest and the best,\\nI am willing to submit the question of the usefulness of\\nour work in this city to the decision of the good people of\\nWilmington, and to abide by their verdict.\\nYours Respectfully,\\nD. D. DODGE.\\nAgent A. M. A.\\nUNION FREE SCHOOL.\\nIt ajppears from reliable data, that the question of build-\\ning this public school house, was brought to the attention\\nof the citizens of Wilmington through Mr. John W. Barnes,\\nSr., in the summer of 1856. A meeting of citizens was held,\\nand a subscription list opened for j)rocuring means to pur-", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "58 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\ncliase a lot and material necessary for the construction of a\\nbuilding.\\nMr. S. N. Martin headed the list with a subscription of\\n1100, and Mr Miles Costin presented the lot, the estimated\\nvalue of which w^as ^290. Other subscriptions soon followed,\\nand in a short time a sufficient amount was realized to\\nwarrant the erection of the building, which was finished\\nduring the winter, and styled the Union Free School.\\nMessrs. A. H. Van Bokkelen, P. W. Fanning and B. G.\\nWorth, who were always identified with the best inter\\nests of Wilmington, and to whom this place is indebted in\\nthe past for numberless acts of benevolence, gave the\\nundertaking a hearty and steady support, and were after-\\nwards more closely identified with the school as com-\\nmitteemen.\\nThe deed for the lot was executed by Mr. Costin to James\\nG. Green, John W. Barnes, and Thomas J, Freshwater, as\\nTrustees, November Brd. 1856, and recorded December 31st,\\nof the same year. This deed empowers the County Court\\nto aijpoint successors in case of death or resignation.\\nIn April of the ensuing year (1857), a meeting of the\\nsubscribers was held in the new building, in which it was\\ndetermined to start the school on the 1st of May^ and to\\ncontinue three months, experimentally. To this end\\nMessrs. S. N. Martin, A. H. Van Bokkelen and P. W.\\nFanning were constituted a committee to receive contribu-\\ntions, employ a teacher and p ut the Union Free School*\\nin operation.\\nThe committee i^roceeded to secure and furnish a supply\\nof school books (which was replenished from time to time\\nduring the existence of the school) and employed Mr. John\\nW. Barnes as teacher.\\nAt the close of this short session, the committee being-\\nimpressed with the necessity of continuing the school, the\\nfirst annual session was accordingly commenced October\\n1st, 1857.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "\\\\VILMINGT01S% NOltTIl CAROLIN.X. 59\\nOwing to want of harmony between the State Common\\nSchool Committee and the Union Free School Committee,\\nthe apportionment of the Common School Fund for this\\nDistrict (No. 2) could not be made available for the enter-\\nprise during this year.\\nIn the spring of the ensuing year, however, in response\\nto a petition from citizens, the Board of Superintendents\\nof Common Schools for New Hanover County remodelled\\nthe town districts (then two in number), dividing each into\\ntwo districts, and appointing new committees in the low^er\\nor southern districts (Nos. 2 and 58), in which this\\nschool was situated, whereby it would receive the benefit\\nof the funds appropriated for both, and also the advantage\\nof two co-operating committees\u00e2\u0080\u0094 lending an influence to\\nthe enterprise wiiich secured its continuance until July 1st,\\n1863 a period of six years.\\nThe committees appointed, as above mentioned, were the\\noriginal Union Free School Committee for District No. 2,\\nand John W. Barnes, George M. Bishop and W. H. Biddle\\nfor District No. 58.\\nIn consequence of the absence of Mr. Martin from the\\nState during the year 1862, B. G. Worth, Esq, was\\nappointed as his successor, and nobly sustained the school\\nfrom his private means, in connection with the amount\\nreceived from the Common School Fund during its last\\nannual session.\\nThe school house originally seated about one hundred\\npupils. During the vacation of 1859, however, the teacher\\nsucceeded in procuring money sufficient to build an addi-\\ntional room, capable of holding forty small scholars. Prior\\nto this, many were refused admission for want of room.\\nThe w^hole number of pupils in attendance during the six\\nyears was 380. Of this number 192 were males and 188\\nfemales.\\nThe largest number in attendance at one time was 145.\\nThe smallest number, except during the months of June", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "60 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nand July of each year, was not less than 100, and this\\nwas before the additional room was built for primary\\nclasses.\\nDuring the winter of 1865-66, there was a free school in\\nthe Union School House, taught by the Rev. Mr Thurston,\\nand supported by the Soldiers Memorial Society of Boston,\\nMassachusetts.\\nIn December 1866, Miss Amy M. Bradley came to Wil-\\nmington under the auspices of the American Unitarian\\nAssociation, and the above named society and on January\\n9th, 1867, opened the Union School House with a beginning\\nof 3 pupils, which was shortly increased to 157. She was\\nassisted the first term ending June 30, by Miss Gerrish and\\nMiss Rush, and during the term, built a recitation room at\\nan expense of $141.50, which was paid for by the private\\ncontributions of a few citizens of Wilmington. The remain-\\nder of expenses, total $1,594.07, was paid by her principals\\nin the North.\\nDuring the second year the number of pupils was\\nincreased to 188, and the expenses to $1,731.74, of which\\n$233 was contributed in Wilmington, and the remainder by\\nNorthern people.\\nThe third term was divided by her charge of Union\\nSchool (223 pupils), Hemenway School (157 pupils), and\\nPioneer School (45 pupils), at an expense of 7,328.55,\\nduring which she bought land for the site of Hemenway\\nSchool, 1i^l,000 being given by Wilmington citizens, and\\ntlie remainder of expenses contributed by Northern\\npeople.\\nHer fourth term was classed Normal School (60 j)upils),\\nUnion School (211 pupils), Hemenway School (176 pupils),\\nexpenses $4,866.59, during which she built a Norrnal\\nSchool room, and received toward salaries of 7 assistants,\\n$1,500 from the Peabody Fnnd, and the remainder from\\nlier friends in the North.\\nThe fifth term, October 10th, 1870, to June 30th, 1871,\\nUnion and Hemenway Schools, expended $5,983.81,", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 61\\n(of vvhicli the State provided 11,286.70, and the Peabody\\nFund $1,000) retaining 7 assistant teachers and enrolling\\n192 and 205 pupils, respectively.\\nIn addition to their annual report, November 23rd, 1871,\\nthe School Committee of the Township of Wilmington,\\nJames H. Chadbourn being Chairman, made the following\\nstatement\\nIn the first communication of the committee to your\\nBoard, you were informed that there were no school-houses\\nwithin the limits of the township belonging to the State or\\ncounty and in a subsequent communication, dated\\nFebruary 8, 1870, a proposition was made to you for the\\npurchase of two school-houses (one for each race), for the\\nsum of $3,000 each, and you were requested to levy a tax\\nupon the property of the township, which would produce\\nthe sum of $6,000 for that purpose.\\nThe proposition was agreed to, and a tax levied, which\\nyielded the sum of $5,738.61.\\nThe Committee with the approval of your Board and the\\nSuperintendent of Public Instruction, purchased the\\nHemenway school-house of Miss Amy M. Bradley, for\\n$3,000, with the promise on her part, that the money she\\nreceived for it should be expended in continuing her two\\nschools then in successful operation. This understanding\\nwas carried out in good faith, and to the entire satisfaction\\nof the committee.\\nThe cost of sustaining the Union and Hemenway Gfram-\\nmar Schools for the past two years, has been $10,850.40,\\n$1,266.70 of this sum was received from the State, 2,500\\nfrom the Peabody Fund^ $3,000 from the sale of the\\nHemenway school-house, -and the balance, $4,083.70, from\\nthe friends of Miss Bradley and her work.\\nSeven teachers have been constantly employed for a term\\nof nine months each year. The number of scholars has\\nbeen over 400, and the average attendance about 300.\\nThese schools have attracted the attention of all who feel", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "62 WiLMIlSrGTON, IsroKTII CAPtOLINA.\\nany interest in free schools in this city, and by good judges\\nwho have visited them, have been compared favorabl}- witli\\nthe best grammar schools in the country.\\nIn October, 1871, agreeably to the foregoing understand-\\ning, the advanced divisions of the Union and Hemenway\\nschools were united under the name of\\nthp: tileston normal school,\\nand the session opened in the Union School House,\\nthe Hemenway School House having been ijurchased by\\nthe county. In October, 1872, this school was moved into\\nthe new building on Ann street, erected by that distinguish-\\ned philanthrox^ist and friend of education, Mrs. Augustus\\nHemenway, of Boston, under the supervision of James\\nWalker, builder, of Wilmington, at a cost of $30,000. Mrs.\\nHemenway subsequently ai)propriated annually $5,000\\nto the support of the school, aggregating at present the\\nsum of $90,000 for the benefit of the education of the white\\nchildren of Wilmington, in recognition of which, to the\\nshame and reproach of our city and State, no public\\nacknowledgement has ever been made.\\nIn the earlier part of her work. Miss Bradley s object\\nwas often misunderstood by our sore-hearted people; but\\nin recent years, hundreds of homes in our midst bear cheer-\\nful testimony to the genuine and substantial good she has\\naccomplished. The system and course of instruction has\\nbeen thorough, practical and comprehensive; the discipline,\\nby moral suasion, inflexible and effective and the result,\\nthe graduation of hundreds of our young people of\\nlimited means, in all the essential branches of an educa-\\ntion which compares favorably with that of any institution\\nin the State, fitted for any walk in life, elevated in tone and\\nmorality, and impressed with natural feelings of grateful-\\nness to her through whose instrumentality they were\\nsaved from a life of comx^arative ignorance and obscurity.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAUOIvINA. 63\\nOne of the noblest and most effective aims of the institu-\\ntion, has been the preparatory education of boys for the\\nmechanical professions. AVitli unusual discernment Miss\\nBradley saw that the avenues of the learned professions\\nwere being crowded with mediocrity, and that our count-\\ning-houses were filled to overflowing, with little i^rospect\\nof advancement, and that the mechanical trades, degraded\\nin public estimation by false notions of the dignity of\\nlabor, were offering extraordinary attractions in remu-\\nnerative and abundant work, with every encouragement\\nfor excellence in all dex:)artments of skilled workmanship.\\nWith this in view, many of our boys have been pre-\\npared by her efficient instruction, for intelligent appren-\\ntices as machinists, boiler-makers, carpenters, masons, and\\nblacksmiths others for matriculation at the Boston School\\nof Technology, with higher aims as mechanical and mining\\nengineers.\\nThere is nothing superficial in the work of this school.\\nAn hour s visit will convince the most skeptical that the\\nPrincipal is thoroughly in earnest, that her assistants are\\nimbued with the same spirit, efficient in the highest de-\\ngree, forbearing and patient, and that the good it has\\naccomplished is simj^ly incalculable.\\nThe present mumber of pupils is over 800, and the\\ngovernment and course of study is as follows\\nMISS AMY M. BRADLEY, Principal.\\nteachers\\nMrs. Mary E. Russell, Miss Ida Earns,\\nMiss Atta L. Nutter, Miss Kate L. Alderman,\\nMiss Marie R. Simonds, Miss Minnie Bogart,\\nMiss Josephine Folger, Miss Emma McDougall.\\nMiss Mary L. Alderman,", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "04 WILMIJSTGTON, NORTH CAKOLINA.\\nCOURSE OF STUDY. (tILESTON NORMAL SCHOOL).\\n1,\\nSelf Government.\\n17.\\nPhysical Geography\\n2.\\nCalisthenics.\\n18.\\nMineralogy.\\n3.\\nVocal Music.\\n19.\\nGeology.\\n4.\\nReading\\n20,\\nNatural Philosophy\\n6.\\nSpelling,\\n21.\\nChemistry.\\n6.\\nWriting.\\n22.\\nAlgebra.\\n7.\\nDrawing.\\n23.\\nGeometry.\\n8.\\nArithmetic.\\n24.\\nTrigonometry.\\n9.\\nGrammar.\\n2o.\\nBook-Keeping.\\n10.\\nGeography.\\n26.\\nCivil Government.\\n11.\\nBotany.\\n27.\\nRhetoric,\\n12.\\nZoology.\\n28.\\nEnglish Literature,\\n13.\\nHistory United States.\\n29.\\nLatin.\\n14,\\nPhysiology.\\n30.\\nFrench,\\n15.\\nPsychology.\\n31.\\nGerman.\\n16.\\nGeneral History.\\n32.\\nSpanish.\\nCHURCHES.\\nThere is pirobably no place in the State where the Sab-\\nbath is more hallowed, or the attendance upon Divine\\nworship more general in proportion to the poiDulation than\\nin Wilmington. There are 38 places of public worship\\nthe principal church buildings being St. James (Episcopal),\\nSt. John s (Episcopal), St. Paul s (Episcopal), St. Mark s\\n(colored Episcopal), First Presbyterian, Second Presbyte-\\nrian, Chestnut Street Presbyterian (colored), St. Thomas\\nPro Cathedral (Roman Catholic), Front Street Methodist,\\nFifth Street Methodist, St. Stephens (colored Methodist),\\nSt. Luke s (colored Methodist), First Baptist, Second Baj)-\\ntist, First Baptist (colored). Temple of Israel (Hebrew),\\nCongregational and Lutheran. The average Sunday at-\\ntendance of whites is estimated at 3,600, and that of the\\nnegroes 6,000. The value of church property is estimated\\nbetween 1265,000 and 1270,000.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 65\\nSECRET AND BENEVOLENT SOCIETIES.\\nThere are twenty-eight benevolent organizations in the city\\nof Wilmington, of which twenty-two are white, and six col-\\nored. First in order, as in age, is St. John s Lodge No. 1\\nF. A. M. This was probably the first Lodge organized\\nin North Carolina, as the register of the Grand Lodge of\\nEngland, published in 1762, contains the following 213.\\nA Lodge at Wilmington, on Cape Fear river, in the Pro-\\nvince of North Carolina, March 1755. In 1791 the Grand\\nLodge, after a full investigation of the claims of all the\\nLodges to priority, in the award of numbers, gave St.\\nJohn s Lodge at Wilmington, the No. 1, thus showing\\nthat it has claims to antiquity, which claims, the records\\nsustain. It is to be regretted that we have not the record\\ncontaining the names of its first members, but we know\\nthat they were among the most prominent of our citizens.\\nFor more than a century, this Lodge has been active in good\\nworks, and in its green old age, still flourishes with as much\\nvigor as in the early days of its youth.\\nCape Fear Lodge No. 2, I. O. O. F. (Independent Order\\nof Odd Fellows) was instituted by dispensation from the\\nGrand Lodge of the United States, in the town of Wil-\\nmington, on the 13th of May, 1842. Its first officers were\\nW. S. G. Andrews, Noble Grand.\\nValentine Hodgson, Vice Grand.\\nWiley A. Walker, Secretary.\\nAlexander McRae, Treasurer.\\nThe Lodge was organized on the second floor of a build-\\ning owned by the late Aaron Lazarus, on the corner of\\nNorth Water street and Ewing s sdley, and had only va-\\ncated those quarters about two or three months for their\\nnew one, on Front street, now occupied by J. L. Boat-\\nwright, Esq., when the great fire of 1843 burned every\\nbuilding on the wharf, from Ewing s alley to the depot of\\nthe .Wilmington Weldon Railroad Company.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "(56 AVILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nOn the 26tli of April, 1870, the Lodge commenced the\\nerection of tlieir new Hall, on Third street, and on the 1st\\nof January, 1871, formally occupied the same as their per-\\nmanent home. It numbers now 51 members, and the\\nofficers are\\nJ. W. Hawkins, Noble Grand.\\nE. E. Malpass, Vice Grand.\\nA. J. Yopp, Secretary,\\nW. L. Smith, Financial Secretary.\\nJohn Maunder, Treasurer.\\nThe other societies are as follows\\nMASONIC.\\nWilmington Lodge No. 319.\\nConcord Cliax)ter No, 1.\\nWilmington Council No. 4.\\nWilmington Commandery No. 1.\\nL O. O. F.\\nOrion Lodge No. 67.\\nOriana Lodge, Daughters of Eebecca, No. 3.\\nWilmington Degree No. 1.\\nCampbell Encampment No. 1.\\nKNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.\\nStonewall Lodge No. 1.\\nGermania Lodge No. 4.\\nAMERICAN LEGION OF HONOR.\\nClarendon Council No. 67.\\nKNIGHTS AND LADIES OF HONOR.\\nR. H. Cowan Lodge No. 549.\\nI. 0. RED MEN.\\nWyoming Tribe No. 4.\\nI. O. B. B. (Hebrew).\\nNorth State Lodge No. 222.\\ni", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "WILMIlSrGTOlSr, NORTH CAllOLINA. 67\\nK. S. B. (Hebrew).\\nManhattan Lodge No. 158.\\nROYAL ARCANUM.\\nCornelius Harnett Council No. 231.\\nKNIGHTS OP HONOR.\\nCarolina Lodge No. 434.\\nThe colored associations are\\nGriblem Lodge, Mt. Nebo Lodge No. 14, Free Love Lodge,\\nGolden Lyre Lodge, Good Samaritans, Love and Charity\\nBenevolent Association.\\nLADIES BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.\\nOne of the chief, and probably the oldest of the charita-\\nble institutions of Wilmington, is the Ladies Benevolent\\nSociety. This Society was organized early in 1845, chiellj^\\nthrough the efforts of Mrs. M. M. Martin, Mrs. William B.\\nMeares, Mrs. John Walker, Mrs. J. A. Taylor, and other\\nbenevolent ladies, and had for its primary object furnish-\\ning food to the destitute poor but it was always the desire\\nof its originators to extend the usefulness of the organi-\\nzation by providing a home for widows and orphans. In\\n185 2 Mr. Miles Costin, a wealthy and charitable citizen,\\npresented the Society with a lot in the southeastern por-\\ntion of the city, upon which such a Home was to be erected.\\nThis made it necessary for the Society to become incorpo-\\nrated, and in 1852 it received a charter as The Ladies\\nBenevolent Society of Wilmington, North Carolina.\\nAbout the same time Mr. P. K. Dickinson, a friend of\\nevery benevolent enterxDrise, donated to the Society ten\\nshares of Wilmington Weldon Railroad stock, to be\\nused for the same purpose.\\nThe dividends from this stock were carefully saved, until\\nthey amounted to $1,200, when the entire amount was lost\\nb}^ the failure of the bank in which it was deposited.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "68 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nDuring the war, the operations of the Society were en-\\ntirely suspended, but in 1863 a reorganization was effected,\\nand Mrs. C. Gr. Kennedy elected President. This lady has\\nbeen successively reelected, and to her, more than to any\\none else in Wilmington, is the success of the Society due,\\nalmost her whole time beii g devoted to its work. In 1872\\nthe lot which had been donated to the Society was sold, and\\none-half the proceeds given to the family of the donor, who\\nwere left much impoverished by the war. Theremaininghalf,\\ntogether with the proceeds of the railroad stock, was used\\nto purchase a more suitable place for the Home which the\\nSociety wished to organize, and in 1881 was established the\\nOld Ladies House of Rest. The President, in her\\nannual report for 1881 says The House is rather small,\\nand is now occupied, almost to its full extent, by respect-\\nable and w^orthy ladies, to whom, as yet, we can only give\\na comfortable shelter, not having funds for the support of\\nthose who are received, but hope to be sustained in our\\nefforts to make it altogether what its name imports. It is\\neven now a harmonious and peaceful home not denomi-\\nnational, bat guarded by Christian principles.\\nThe Society is supported entirely by voluntary contribu-\\ntions of money, wood and provisions, from benevolent citi-\\nzens, and the dues of its members, which are one dollar a\\nyear.\\nIt is noticeable that of late years the contributions have\\nfallen far below those of previous years, while the demands\\nupon the Society for aid have increased, and it has been\\nwith the utmost difficulty that the calls of absolute want\\nhave been supplied.\\nST. GEORGE AND ST. ANDREW SOCIETY, OF WILMINGTON.\\nThis is a charitable society, and was instituted in 1871.\\nIts object is to relieve and aid sick and distressed\\nEnglishmen and Scotsmen. The members of this society\\nwish to alleviate all suffering amongst their fellow country-\\nmen. The Treasurer has expended about $1,500 in such", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 69\\ncharities since the society was founded. The present\\nmembership numbers 34. None but Englishmen, Scots-\\nmen, or the sons or grandsons of native English or Scots\\nare admitted as resident meml^rs.\\nOFFICERS\\nAlex. Sprunt, President.\\nRoBT. Sweet, Vice President.\\nJohn Colville, Treasurer.\\nH. (Jr. Smallbones, Secretary.\\nT. F. Wood, Physician.\\nThe regular meetings are held on the second Monday of\\neach month, and the annual meeting on the 21st of\\nMarch. The fees are 50 cents per month, and the life\\nmembers are required to pay $50, which relieves them from\\nall other dues.\\nTHE HIBERNIAN ASSOCIATION, OF WILMINGTON\\nwas organized in 1866 for the purpose of relieving sickness\\nand distress among its members, and also to assist stran-\\ngers, their fellow-countrymen, who would otherwise be a\\nburthen to the community. The present membership is\\nabout 50. j\\nThe Society is not a secret organization, but purely\\nbenevolent, and includes in a bond of good fellowship\\nneatly all of the most respectable Irishmen of our commu-\\nnity: many having risen to wealth and honor and not a few\\nof whom have been identified in the past with the material\\nprogress of our city.\\nThe officers are elected yearly, and are at present as\\nfollows\\nFrank H. Darby, President.\\nJames Reilly, Vice President.\\nT. DoNLAN, Treasurer.\\nJames Corbett, Secretary.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "70 WILMINGTON. NORTH CAROLINA.\\nTHE SEAMAN S FRIEND SOCIETY.\\nIn 1853 a number of benevolent and enterprising citizens\\norganized a Society in Wilmington to improve the social,\\nmoral and religious condition and cliaracter of seamen;\\nwhich appears at that time to have been most deplorable,\\nand in recent years to have relapsed into as bad a condition.\\nFor several years the work prospered a Methodist min-\\nister. Rev. Mr, Langdon, was employed as a travelling\\nagent for the Society, and collected in Wilmington and\\nother parts of the country, money to pay for the j^rojDerty\\nknown as the Seaman s Home, on Dock and Front\\nstreets, now valued at $20,000, upon which a bonded debt\\nof 15,400 still remains.\\nIn 1856 Capt. Gilbert Potter built a Bethel on the gronnd\\nadjoining the Home, on Dock street, and owned by the\\nAssociation, at an expense of about $6,000, which he pre-\\nsented to the Society, and for many years Divine service\\nwas regularly conducted in it to good congregations of\\nsailors b}^ local ministers, and by the Society s chaplain.\\nIn those years, the Home was in charge of a most worthy\\nman, Capt. George W. Williams, who not only wrought a\\ngood work among the crews of foreign and domestic vessels,\\nbut who kept an attractive and well-ordered house, Comforta-\\nble^and cleanly rooms, good substantial fare, an inviting,\\nwell-found reading-room, and by his experience of many\\nyears as a ship-master, his well-known character as an up-\\nright, honest man, and his influence as an humble Christian,\\naccomplished so much good in this shipping community, that\\nthe Society was esteemed a boon among our business\\npeople, and supported accordingly.\\nIn recent years, the good work of the Society has been\\ngreatly retarded by inefficient and mercenary superinten-\\ndents, who rented the Home upon speculation for their own\\nbenefit as a boarding-house, and by a degree of indifference\\namong the members most deplorable, when we consider\\nthe wide held of usefulness which is open to improvement.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON NOKTII CAKOLINA. 71\\nAl though a chaplain has been annually elected by the\\nBoard of Trustees for several years past, and his salary\\n($400) paid by the Seaman s Aid Society of New York, it\\nis a lamentable fact that during the past year, the Home\\nchapel has been closed week days and Sundays, because,\\nas the Secretary informs me, the chaplain could not get a\\ncongregation, and finally abandoned the effort; although\\na few weeks ago, and in this Christian community, there were\\nno less than 4o0 foreign and 220 American seamen in port,\\nX)robably not a dozen of whom attended religious services\\non Sunday in Wilmington. This is a serious matter, and\\ncommends itself to our local ministers as well as to the\\nmembers of the Seaman s Friend Society. In the mean-\\ntime have sprung up along our wharves, those mushroom\\ncurses known as sailors boarding-houses, with attractive\\nbar-rooms and depraved women, who, with regularly paid\\nrunners, professing to be friends of poor Jack, entice him\\nto these dens, entertain him until his last cent is ex-\\npended, and then mercilessly ship him, appropriating not\\nonly his available cash, but also his advance wages. So\\nbold have these runners become in their nefarious work,\\nthat very frequently, and in my own business experience,\\nan entire shi^^ s crew has been enticed to desert immedi-\\nately upon arrival; and although a State law has been\\npassed for the relief of masters and owners of vessels,\\nmaking this enticement an indictable offense, such is the\\ningenuity and duplicity of the runners, and the dej)ravity\\nof the sailors themselves, that by their perjury or false\\nswearing, nearly every effort to prosecute has thus far been\\nunavailing.\\nWith reference to this great evil, Mr, Barker, a Wil-\\nmington shix) agent, says: I agree with you that this\\noutrage should be stopped. Manj^ ship-masters consigned\\nto me have complained of it, and I believe that united\\naction by ship -masters and merchants here will prevail\\nagainst it.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "72 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nMr. Alexander Sprunt, British Vice Consul, says For\\nmany years complaints have frequently been made to me\\nby British ship-masters of desertion among their crews,\\ncaused by boarding-house runners, who infest the harbor,\\nand I have repeatedly advised them to j)rosecute suspected\\npersons, but to no purpose. The Seaman s Friend Society\\nshould take this matter in hand.\\nMr. E. Peschau, German Consul, says: German ship-\\ncaptains and ship-owners have suifered much trouble and\\nloss in Wilmington by the enticement of their sailors by\\nmen-stealers on shore. I have tried repeatedly to bring\\nsome of these wretches to justice, but they have evaded\\nme. I would gladly join you in an attempt to remedy\\nthe evil.\\nMr. R. E. Heide, Vice Consul of Norway, Sweden and\\nDenmark, saj^s I am glad to know that you have\\nbrought this matter before the Exchange. My peox)le\\nsuffer much from these bad influences on shore. Scandi-\\nnavian sailors are known all the world over as law-abiding\\nand capable seamen, but they are often misled here by bad\\ninfluences, and suffer more from it than the owners do, as\\nthey often desert their vessels, leaving much wages due\\nthem. I agree with you in all you have said about the\\nSeaman s Friend Society, although I am one of the Execu-\\ntive Council, and I am sure much moregood could be done.\\nMr. C. P. Mebane, ship-broker, says: Your remarks\\nupon the desertion of sailors are timely. For some years\\npast it has been a growing evil, encouraged by the failure\\nof prosecutors and the boldness of boarding-house runners.\\nIt seems to me that this trouble might be stopped by the\\ncity authorities, or by the influence of the Seaman s Friend\\nSociety, which is now doing so little for the avowed object\\nof its organization.\\nThe Society formerly numbered over one hundred paying\\nmembers at present there are only twenty-five. Let the", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAKOLIN.A. 78\\ngood work have better encouragement. I have made refer-\\nence to it, not in a carping si^irit, but with a wholesome\\ndesire to revive its former efficiency and usefulness.\\nAlready there are indications of a decided improvement\\nin its affairs the Home having been recently renovated,\\nnew furniture supplied, and a Superintendent elected, who\\nbegins his duty w^ell, and it is to be hoped will continue\\nfaithful to his trust. Norwegian services are held in the\\nBethel every Sunday, conducted by the Superintendent,\\nCapt. Christiansen, and it is the purpose of the newly\\nelected Chaplain, Capt. W. J. Potter, to j)rosecute his work\\nvigorously in which it is to be hoped they will be sus-\\ntained by all the friends of this good cause.\\nThe officers of the Society are as follows\\nGeorge R. French, Sr., .President.\\nGeorge Harriss, Vice President.\\nGeorge R. French, Jr., Secretary and Treasurer.\\nCapt. W. J. Potter, Chaplain.\\nTrustees Messrs. George R. French, George Harriss,\\nR. E. Heide, E. T. Hancock, H. B. Filers, B. F. Mitchell,\\nGeorge R. French, Jr., E. S. Martin, Edouard Peschau,\\nRoger Moore, Edward Kidder, Alexander Sprunt, F. AV.\\nKerchner, W. I. Gore, C. H. Robinson.\\nExecutine Committee Messrs. E. T. Hancock, H. B.\\nEilers, R. E. Heide.\\nST. JAMES HOME.\\nIn the Spring of 1867 Dr. A. J. DeRosset, Senior\\nAVardenof St. James Parish, Wilmington, N. C, conveyed\\nto the vestry of the parish, an entire city square with a two\\nstory double wooden house thereon, as a free gift, for\\nreligious and benevolent use. The active exertion of the\\nparishioners, aided by the liberality of friends in different\\nportions of the United States, and supplemented by a very\\nsuccessful fair, enabled the vestry to restore the residence", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "74 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nwhich had been seriously damaged during the war of\\nsecession.\\nIn 1870, a Sunday and day school were opened in the\\nbuilding, for the gratuitous instruction of the poorer white\\nchildren of the city. The object of the school, was the\\ninstruction of such children as might be reached by it in\\nthe more fundamental branches of an ordinary English\\neducation, in connection with the direct inculcation of\\nmoral and religious principles, with a view not merely to\\nprepare its scholars for respectability and success in the\\nworld, but therewith also to make them good orderly citizens,\\nboth of the commonwealth, and of the church.\\nSince its commencement, the school has been maintained\\nwithout interruption, except for the ordinary vacations.\\nSo far as the existing records of attendance supply material\\nfor the estimate, it is calculated that from 600 to 800 chil-\\ndren of both sexes have, up to the present time, come\\nunder the influences, andenjoyedthe training of the school.\\nThough at no time having room for any very large attend-\\nance, the numbers of the school have steadily increased\\nfrom the first, and there are now upon the roll more than\\n100 names. The growth of the school required very soon\\nafter its first opening, a separate school room, which was\\nannexed to the main building. This has recently been\\nenlarged to more than double its original size, and will,\\n(thanks to the liberality of friends, both in ISTew York and\\nWilmington,) in a few weeks, be furnished with an entire\\nset of new and handsome desks of the most api^roved\\npattern.\\nTeachershave been employed at fixed salaries during\\nmuch of the time. But much or most of the work has been\\n(jone\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and well done\u00e2\u0080\u0094 by the voluntary labor of educated\\nwomen who have devoted themselves to good works, and\\nwho have had their home on the premises. Since the fall\\nof 1878, the school has been in charge of members of the\\nSisterhood of the Good Shepherd, whose mother house is", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTO^S NORTH CAROLINA. 75\\nin New York, and whose work in this connection has been\\nbeyond all praise. The order and discipline maintained,\\nhave been snch as would compare favorably with that of\\nany other school in the country, and the advances in educa-\\ntion have been creditable to both teachers and scholars.\\nIn connection with the school, a general mission work\\namong the poorer classes has been zealously maintained,\\nand with the best and most evident results. It has been a\\npart of the work of the ladies, resident at the Home, to visit\\nthe poor and the afflicted, and carry with them help and\\nconsolation to be instructors in all good and useful things\\nfrom house to house, esxDecially aJmong the parents of the\\nschool children. A large and. varied work of this sort is\\nincessantly done.\\nIn addition to this, orphans, or half-orphans, have from\\ntime to time found a home in the house. The more help-\\nless and homeless sick have, in several instances, been\\nbrought thither and cared for, and nursed till relieved of\\ntheir sufferings by death, and then decently buried. Inva-\\nlids from places at a distance, seeking the help of the\\nskilled physicians of the city, have been received and nursed.\\nPenitent women have found a refuge where the religious\\ninfluences of the household, have aided them in their\\nattempts at reformation. Beside all which, the Home has\\nbeen a nucleus for the benevolence of the Parish, and has\\ngiven wise form and direction to its alms. Nor should it\\nbe forgotten that to carry out more completely its influ-\\nences for good among the children connected with its\\nschools, instruction in needle work and in cooking have\\nbeen added to its other departments of education. It is at\\nthis time, and in this way the only industrial school in the\\ncity known to the waiter.\\nAll this work has, of course, involved considerable\\nexpenditure, and at the same time required very rigid\\neconomy in the administration of the household.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "76 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThe institution has so far been supported,\\n1. By a regular subscription Ivept up by a few gentlemen\\nand ladies of the parish.\\n2. By the collections in its behalf of the Ladies Associa-\\ntion of the parish,\\n3. By xjublic offerings on Ash Wednesday and Thanks-\\ngiving Day in each year.\\n4. By occasional contributions.\\nIf to these resources a small endowment could be added\\n^^just enough to ensure tlie permanency of the work, inde-\\npendently of the fluctuations of individual fortunes, but\\nnot enough to relieve the parish of the duty and privilege\\nand habit of giving to the maintenance of a good object\\na great and good work would be made secure, and the\\nminds of the faithful women who have surrendered all\\nworldly prospects of support, in order to do their Master s\\nwork among the poor, would be comforted with the assu-\\nrance, that after their work is done, and they have been\\nworn out in doing it, they will not be turned adrift to die,\\nbut will find a shelter till death, in the institution to which\\nthey have given their lives.\\nAt present there are three ladies resident at the Home,\\nand constituting the Sisterhood family, all of them connected\\nwith the Sisterhood of the Good Shepherd, and all of them,\\ntogether with another lady of the parish who comes daily,\\nactively occupied in the work.\\nI am indebted for the foregoing particulars to the Rector\\nof St James Parish, who has given mucli of an unselfish\\nand devoted life in his Master s cause to this most inter-\\nesting and important work of benevolence.\\nNEWSPAPERS.\\nIf w^e may believe the historian, Williamson, the Lords\\nProprietors and the Royal Governors were extremely\\nhostile to the establishment of newspapers in the colony,", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 77\\nduring their administration of affairs. We are told that\\nthe Governor of Virginia would not suffer in the colony,\\nunder any pretense whatever, the use of a printing press,\\nand Sir AVilliam Berkley, one of the Proprietors of North\\nCarolina, thanked God that there was not a printing office\\nin any of the Southern i3rovinces. Doubtless they knew well\\nthe i)ower of an unfettered press, and dreaded its influence\\nupon the minds of the people; but notwithstanding their\\nopposition, printing was introduced into North Carolina,\\nand a paper published at Newbern, by James Davis, in\\n1749, one hundred and thirty-five years ago. It was called\\nthe North Carolina Gazette, and printed on a small sheet,\\nand issued weekly.\\nThe second press set up in North Carolina was at Wil-\\nmington, in 1763, by Andrew Stewart, called the Cai^e\\nFear Gazette and Wilmington Advertiser. This papier\\nwas discontinued in 1767, but was succeeded the same year\\nby the Cape Fear Mercury, published by Adam Boyd.\\nHe was an Englishman, but a true friend to the Colonies,\\nwas a member of the Committee of safety for the town of\\nWilmington, in 1775, and greatly respected. He was a\\nprominent member of the Committee of Correspondence and\\nwas endowed with versatile talents. In 1776 he entered the\\nministry and was appointed Chaplain of the Continental\\nline.\\nWe have no means of knowing how long the Mercury\\nexisted, nor have we been able to find copies of any other\\npublications, prior to 1818. In that year, Mr. David Smith,\\nJr., father of Col. Wm. L. Smith, the late Mayor of\\nthe City, commenced the publication of the Cape Fear\\nRecorder, which continued under his management until\\n1835, when Mr. Archibald McLean Hooper assumed con-\\ntrol of its management and for a number of years it was\\nthe only paper published in this section of the State. Mr.\\nHooper had large scholarly attainments and was fond of\\nthe classics. He had the hand of a ready writer, and his", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "T8 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nstyle was characterized by great ease and elegance, felic-\\nitons in exxDression, and clothing his ideas in language\\nbeautiful and chaste. He was a near relative of Wm.\\nHooper the signer of the Declaration of Independence, and\\nthe father of Johnson Hooper, so well known to fame as the\\nauthor of Simon Suggs, Taking-the Census, and other\\nhnmorous works.\\nAbout the year 1834, Mr. Henry S. EUinwood came to\\nWilmington, and assumed the editorial chair of the Wil-\\nmingtoii Advertiser, a paper then published in the town.\\nHe was an educated gentleman, and fitted for the duties of\\na journalist. He courted the muses with considerable\\nsuccess, and many of his jiieces, which are still in\\nexistence, give ample evidence of belles lettres culture, wit\\nand fancy. His connection with the paper was, however,\\nvery brief, as he died suddenly a short time after taking\\ncharge. After his death the paper was purchased by Mr.\\nJoshua Cochrane, of Fayetteville, and conducted by him\\nuntil the Summer of 1836, when he died, and Mr. F. C.\\nHill became the Editor and Proprietor, and continued its\\npublication until about the year 1842, when it ceased to\\nexist.\\nCotemporary with the Advertiser was the People s\\nPress, a paper published by P. W. Fanning and Thomas\\nLoring, the latter being the editor in chief, which position\\nhe held for some time, when he disposed of his interest and\\npurchased the Standard, the organ of the Democratic party\\nof the State, issued at Raleigh, and removed to that city,\\nassuming control of its management, he brought to the\\ndischarge of his duties great energy, perseverance, marked\\nability and a thorough familiarity with political history.\\nHe was a man of sanguine temperament and a w\\\\arm parti-\\nsan, and in the excitement of controversy, often indulged\\nin expressions towards his i3olitical opponents, which, in\\nhis calmer moments, his judgment condemned. He wielded\\na political influence, at one time, second to but few men in", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAKOLINA. 79\\nthe State, and was an acknowledged leader of his party,\\nbut differing from them in 1842, in regard to their course\\ntowards the Banks of the State, he retired from the posi-\\ntion he held, rather than continue to hold it at the sacrifice\\nof his independence. Returning to Wilmington, he\\nestablished the Tri- Weekly Commercial, which he con-\\nducted for a number of years, until failing health compelled\\nits discontinuance.\\nThe Wilmington Chronicle was established about the\\nyear 1838, by Asa A. Brown. It was an exponent of the\\nprinciples of the Whig party, and advanced them with\\ngreat zeal and ability. Mr. Brown was a capable editor, a\\ngood writer and a man of more than ordinary abilit\\\\^ In\\n1851, he disposed of the paper to Talcott Burr, Jr., who\\nchanged its name to the Wilmington Herald.\\nUnder his management, the Herald became one of the\\nleading papers ^n the State, and but for his untimely\\ndeath in 1858, would have taken rank with any in the\\nSouth.\\nMr. Burr s peculiar characteristics as a writer, were his\\nready wit and sparkling humor, overlaying a deep vein of\\nstrong, impulsive feeling. Quick, vivid and Hashing, never\\nmissing its point, yet never striking to wound, abounding\\nin gay and pleasant fancies, and alwaj^s warm and genial\\nas the Summer air, it touched the commonest topic of every\\nday life, and imbued it with new and charming attractive-\\nness. He was struck down by the shaft of the great\\ndestroyer, in the prime of life, and in the midst of an active,\\nuseful and honorable career.\\nAfter his death, his brothers, C. E. and R. Burr, carried\\non the paper for a year or two, when it passed into the\\nhands of A. M. Waddell, and ceased to exist on the break-\\ning out of the war.\\nIn the year 1844, Alfred L. Price and David Fulton,\\nunder the firm name of Fulton Price, issued the first\\nnumber of the Wilmington Journal, a paper destined to", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "80 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nexercise a controllinc? influence for many years npon the\\npolitical questions of the day. The editorial department\\nwas under the control of Mr. Fulton, and very ably con-\\nducted until his death, which occurred a year or two after\\nthe establishment of the pax3er, when his brother, James\\nFulton, took charge of its management.\\nJames Fulton was no ordinary man. He possessed a\\nvigorous intellect and a clear judgment, was quick at\\nrepartee, and prompt to take advantage of any point\\nexposed by an adversary, in tlie controversies incident to\\nhis position, but was always courteous, and rarely indulged\\nin personalities. He wrote with great ease, and liis style\\nwas chaste, graceful and vigorous. He had humor, too,\\nand it bubbled up continually, not that keen, pungent wit\\nthat stings and irritates, but that which provokes merri-\\nment by droll fancies and quaint illustrations. He had a\\nremarkable memory and read much, and remembered what\\nhe read, and could utilize it effectively.\\nThe Journal was a power in the State while he controlled\\nit. In this section, particularly, its influence was un-\\nbounded. Mr. Fulton died in the early part of the year\\n1866, and was succeeded by Major J. A. Engelhard, as\\neditor, who sustained the high reputation the paper had\\nacquired. Upon the retirement of Mr. Alfred L. Price,\\nCol. Wm. L. Saunders became connected with the paper,\\nthe firm being Engelhard Saunders, an intellectual com-\\nbination in journalism seldom surpassed. During the\\ntroublous times, after the close of the war, its utterances\\nwere manly, outspoken and fearless in condemnation of\\nmeasures regarded as opi^ressive to our people. It prac-\\ntised no temporizing policy, but boldly uttered what the\\nsincerity of its convictions might promjDt it to declare. It\\ncontinued thus until 1878, when adverse circumstances\\ncaused its suspension. It is now published as a weekly\\npaper, the name, Wilmington Journal., being retained by\\nJosh T. James, Editor and Proprietor.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLIN.A. 81\\nBut few copies of the earlier papers published in Wil-\\nmington, are now in existence, of some, not a copy can be\\nfound hence there may be, and doubtless are, omissions\\nin the loresent list, but it is believed to be nearly accurate,\\nat least approximately so. No mention is made of papers\\nwhose existence was but temjjorary.\\nThere are now in Wilmington the following publica-\\ntions\\nThe Morning Star, daily, by W. H. Bernard, established\\nSeptember, 1867, and the Weekly Star, established in\\n1868.\\nThe Daily Review, established by James Price, in\\nOctober, 1875, now conducted by Josh T. James.\\nThe Star and the Review are the only daily papers\\npublished in the City, the former, a morning paper, and\\nthe latter issued in the evening.\\nThe Wilmington Post, established in 1866, weekly.\\nThe North Carolina Presbyterian, weekly, was first\\nestablished in Fayetteville, January 1, 1858, the Rev. Geo.\\nMcNeill, and the late Bartholomew Fuller, being the\\neditors. It was removed to Wilmington in November,\\n1874, John McLaurin being the editor and proprietor.\\nThe Africo- American Presbyter ioM, published in the\\ninterest of the colored members of that denomination, by\\nRev. D. J. Saunders, a colored man of remarkable attain-\\nments.\\nThe North Carolina Medical Journal, by Dr. Thomas\\nF. Wood, was established January, 1878. It is a monthly\\npublication, ably edited, and of great value to the pro-\\nfession.\\nA comparison between the papers of the day and of the\\npast, will show the marvelous advance that has been made\\nin science and in art. Then, months were required for the\\ntransmission of news, political or commercial; now, the\\nlightnings flash has been made subservient to the wants\\nor caiDrices of man, and he can kitow the same day what is", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "82 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\ntranspiring in countries thousands of miles distant. Do\\nwe realize the advantages that we of this century enjoy,\\nand are we any better, as a people, than were our ances-\\ntors, who were content with a weekly newspaper, no\\nbigger than a man s hand, while we have mammoth dailies\\nby the hundreds?\\nCOMMISSIONERS OF NAVIGATION AND PILOTAGE.\\nThe Commissioners of Navigation and Pilot;age for the\\nCape Fear River and Bars, were formerly elected by the\\nqualified voters of the city of Wilmington, but in 1870 the\\nLegislature of the State passed an act authorizing and re-\\nquiring the Mayor and Aldermen of the city of Wilming-\\nton to appoint every year five persons, and the Mayor and\\nCommissioners of the town of Smithville two persons, to\\nserve as Commissioners of Navigation and Pilotage for the\\nCape Fear River and Bars, and providing that the seven\\npersons so appointed should have power to do and perform\\nall acts theretofore authorized by law to be done by the\\nBoard of Commissioners of Navigation and Pilotage. The\\nCommissioners have authority in all matters that may con-\\ncern the navigation of the waters from seven miles above\\nNegrohead Point downwards, and out of the bar and\\nwith respect to throwing rubbish in the river at the\\ncity of Wilmington, and in the construction of wharves\\nhave concurrent jurisdiction witli the Mayor and Aldermen\\nof the city.\\nThe Commissioners are required to ajDpoint a Harbor\\nMaster, and prescribe the duties of his office, to make such\\nrules and regulations for the Port of Wilmington, and\\nrespecting the duties of pilots, as they may deem most ad-\\nvisable, and to impose reasonable fines, forfeitures and\\npenalties for the purpose of enforcing such rules and regu-\\nlations. Tliey are required to provide for the examination\\nby nautical men, of aijprentices who have served three\\nyears, and who desire to become pilots, and to issue com-", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAllOLINA. 88\\nmissions or branches to such as are found qualitied to per-\\nform the duties of pilots, provided that there shall not be\\nat any one time more than sixty-five river and bar pilots\\nin commission. Three classes of licenses are required to\\nbe issued one to pilot vessels whose draught of water does\\nnot exceed nine feet, one to pilot vessels whose draught\\ndoes not exceed twelve feet, and one unlimited, or full\\nlicense, to pilot vessels of any draught of water.\\nEvery person, before he obtains a branch to become a\\npilot, must give bond, with two sufficient sureties in the\\nsum of $500, payable to the State of North Carolina, for\\nthe faithful discharge of his duties.\\nThe number of pilots for the river and bars must not at\\nany one time be reduced below forty.\\nThe Commissioners are authorized to fix the rates of\\npilotage, provided the}^ do not reduce them below the rates\\nestablished in 1869.\\nPilotage is compulsory for all vessels of sixty tons bur-\\nthen and over.\\nThe present number of pilots (sixty-five) is about equally\\ndivided between the bars and river.\\nThe Commissioners are required to regulate the number\\nof apiDrentices, provided there shall not be less than twenty.\\nDuring and since the war, it has been impossible to comply\\nwith this provision of the law, there having been at no time\\nsince the war as many as twenty to serve, and now there\\nare not more than three or four.\\nA Harbor Master s fee, when no service is performed, is\\nnot compulsory but, by an order of the Commissioners,\\nevery vessel whose captain voluntarily pays the Harbor\\nMaster three dollars, on her arrival, is entitled to his services\\nat all times, while the vessel is in port, without further\\ncharge.\\nIf this fee is refused, and the vessel so refusing requires\\nthe Harbor Master s services, he is entitled to, and can col-\\nlect, 15 for the first visit, and 12.50 for every subsequent\\nvisit.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "84 WILMINGTON-, NORTH CAROLINA,\\nThe present Board is composed of James H. Chadbourn,\\nChairman Donald MacRae, David Gr. Worth, H. B. Eilers,\\nand James Sprunt, of Wilmington, and G. F. Crapon and\\nEdward Daniels, of Smithville. Mr. Chadbourn has served\\nupon the Board for fifteen years, for twelve of which, he has\\nacted with great acceptability as Chairman.\\nDuring his administration, the character of the pilots has\\ngreatly imj)roved, and the present body will compare most\\nfavorably with any of the profession in other j)orts. In-\\nstances of drunkenness, neglect or incapacity, are very\\nrare, and although the difficult navigation of our river has\\nof late been more perjjlexing, in consequence of the changes\\nbeing wrought by the engineers, there has been no serious\\ndamage sustained by any vessel for many years, while in\\ncharge of a Wilmington pilot.\\nRules and RegiClations of the Port of Wilmington^ lie-\\nvised and Adopted by the Board of Commissioners of\\nNamgation and Pilotage^ on September iWi, 1868, for\\nthe Government of the Port of Wilmington^ River and\\nBars of the Cape Fear, to go into effect immediately.\\nOrdered, That hereafter all vessels arriving in this Port,\\nthe Master, Agent or Consignee of which shall voluntarily\\npay to the Harbor Master, the sum of Three Dollars, they\\nmay command, at all times, the services of said Harbor\\nMaster, as prescribed by the Port Regulations, without\\nfurther charge, while the vessel shall remain in Port but\\nwhere such Master, Agent, or Consignee, shall refuse to\\npay said amount of Three Dollars, the following fees are\\nfixed, and^shall be collected as provided in Revised Code,\\nchapter 85, paragraph 3, page 461 When called upon to\\nperform any duty required by law or Court Regulations\\nfor the first visit or performance of duty, Five Dollars, and\\nfor each subsequent visit to the same vessel, Two Dollars\\nand Fifty Qewts.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Adopted Nommler lltJi, 1869.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 85\\n1. All ballast, coal, or other substance calculated to in-\\njure the River, shall be safely placed not less than four feet\\nfrom the caj) of the wharf and in delivering or landing,\\nmust be done under such precautions as to prevent the\\nescape of any portion into the River, under the penalty of\\nFifty Dollars. No ballast or coal shall be discharged from\\nany vessel, while in this Port, after dark or before sunrise,\\nunder a penalty of One Hundred Dollars for each and\\nevery offence, to be paid by the Captain. And no trash or\\nsubstance calculated in any manner to injure the naviga-\\ntion, shall be thrown into the River, under a penalty of\\nTen Dollars, for each and every offence, to be paid by the\\nparty offending.\\n2. All vessels crossing the Bars, either in or out, or navi-\\ngating the Rivers from or to the sea, shall be required to\\npay full pilotage to the Pilot offering his services, whether\\nsuch craft be in tow or otherwise\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and that any Pilot neg-\\nlecting or detaining a vessel under his charge unnecessa-\\nril}^, shall suffer the severest penalty of the law. Ordered\\nfurther, That any person without the authority of this\\nBoard, attempting to pilot a vessel, or charging for such\\nservice, shall pay a penalty of Forty Dollars.\\n3. Any vessel hoisting her colors for a Pilot, shall be\\ncompelled to pay the Pilot offering his services full pilotage,\\nwhether such Pilot be employed or not.\\n4. When no Pilot is in attendance, any person may con-\\nduct into port any vessel in danger from stress of weather\\nor in a leaky condition but if any person not duly quali-\\nfied or licensed, shall presume to act as Pilot under any\\nother circumstances, he shall forfeit and pay Forty Dollars.\\n5. No Master of a vessel having a Branch, or a Mate\\nwith a Branch, shall be compelled to take a Pilot, said\\nMaster or Mate first having a permit from this Board for\\nleave of absence.\\n6. Every Master of a vessel who shall detain a Pilot after\\nthe time appointed, so that he cannot proceed to sea, though", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "86 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nwind and water should permit, shall j)ay such Pilot Three\\nDollars per day during the time of his actual detention\\nand if any vessel, which shall be boarded by a Pilot, with-\\nout or within any of the inlets, shall, by violence of the\\nweather or otherwise, be driven to sea, the Master or owner\\nof such vessel shall allow and pay the Pilot Three Dollars\\nper day for every day he shall be on board, besides the fee\\nof pilotage.\\n7. All vessels at anchor, or under way, within the bars\\nof Cajpe Fear River, at night, shall exhibit a light in some\\nconspicuous place, at least ten feet above the deck, so as to\\nbe seen by vessels or steamboats i3assing up or down the\\nRiver, under a penalty of One Hundred Dollars for each\\nand every neglect, and shall also be liable for all damage or\\nthe amount of injury sustained by any vessel or boat\\ncoming in contact, to be recovered for the benefit of the\\ninjured party. And it shall be the duty of the Pilots to\\nnotify the Master of each vessel coming over the bar of the\\nexistence of this order.\\n8. No vessel shall anchor in the River, or extend her\\nfasts as to interrupt the navigation of said River, or the\\npassage of the Ferry Boats to and from the usual place of\\nlanding on either side of the River, under the Penalty of\\nFifty Dollars for each and every offence, after notice from\\nthe Harbor Master.\\n9. No vessel shall extend her hull, bowsprit, yards, rig-\\nging or fasts, so as to interrupt the passage into or out of\\nthe public Docks, under the penalty of Five Dollars for\\neach and every hour said offence shall continue, after notice\\nfrom the Harbor Master.\\n10. No vessel that has discharged, or that is not engaged\\nin discharging or taking on board a cargo, shall keep her\\nplace at any wharf, when, for the convenience of dis-\\ncharging or taking on board a cargo, said place may be\\nrequired by any other vessel, under the penalty of Fifty\\nDollars for each and every day such offence shall continue.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOETII CAROLINA. 87\\n11. No vessel shall careen for tlie purpose of burning,\\ncleaning or repairing, at any wharf within the limits of\\nWilmington, except at regular ship-yards, under a penalty\\nof One Hundred Dollars for each and every offence.\\nV2. No Master or Commander of a vessel shall disobey\\nor neglect such orders and directions as may be given by\\nthe Harbor Master, in times of gales of wind, relating to\\nthe safety of vessels in the harbor, under the j^enalty of\\nOne Hundred Dollars for each and every offence, to bex:)aid\\nby the Master or Commander of said vessel.\\nIB. No vessel having on board grain, or articles evidently\\nin a state of putrefaction, or offensive, shall haul to or lay\\nat any wharf, but shall anchor in the middle of the Kiver\\nuntil the order of the Board shall be known, under the\\npenalty of One Hundred Dollars for each and every hour\\nsaid offence shall continue, after notice from the Harbor\\nMaster. Nor shall any vessel discharge offensive bilge\\nwater within the limits of the City of Wilmington, under\\na penalty of Fifty Dollars.\\n14. No vessel shall lay at any wharf with her yards and\\nbooms otherwise trimmed than as the Harbor Master shall\\ndirect, under the penalty of Fifty Dollars, for each and\\nevery day said offence shall continue, to be paid by the\\nMaster or Commander of said vessel.\\n15. No vessel, whether loaded or empty, shall lay at\\nanchor in the River opposite the City, between Mulberry\\nand Castle Streets, for more than twenty-four hours at one\\ntime, under a penalty of Fifty Dollars for each and every\\nday said offence shall continue, after notice from the\\nHarbor Master.\\n16. If a Branch Pilot shall go off to any vessel bound in,\\nand offer to pilot her over the Bar, the Master or Comman-\\nder of such vessel, if he refuses to take such Pilot (except\\nlawfully exempt), shall pay such Pilot the lawful pilotage.\\n17. When any Pilot shall see any vessel on the coast,\\nhaving a signal for a Pilot, or shall hear a gun of distress", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "88 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nfire off the coast, and shall neglect or refuse to go to the\\nassistance of such vessel, such Pilot shall forfeit and pay\\nOne Hundred Dollars\u00e2\u0080\u0094 one-half to the informer, the other\\nhalf to the Master unless such Pilot is actually in charge\\nof another vessel.\\n18. The Board of Commissioners may designate the place\\nwhereat, within the waters under their control, may be\\ncast and thrown ballast, trash, stones and such like matter\\nand if any j^erson shall cast or throw from any vessel into\\nsaid waters, any such substances, likely to be injurious to the\\nnavigation, he shall forfeit and pay Two Hundred Dollars,\\nAnd if any Pilot shall knowingly suffer such unlawful act\\nto be done, and shall not, within ten days thereafter, give\\ninformation to some one of this Board, he shall be subject\\nto the lawful punishment.\\n19. Authority is vested in the Commissioners to hear and\\ndetermine all matters of dispute between Pilots and Mas-\\nters of vessels, or between the Pilots themselves, resi^ecting\\nthe pilotage of vessels appeal in certain cases to be\\nallowed.\\n20. On the arrival of any vessel at this port, it shall be\\nthe duty of the Harbor Master to go on board and deliver\\nto the Captain or officer in charge of such vessel, the Port\\nRegulations, under a penalty of Ten Dollars.\\n21. Any Pilot running a vessel ashore, by which means\\nany injury or detention is sustained by such vessel, shall\\nreport the same without delay to the Chairman of this\\nBoard.\\n22. No vessel under sixty tons shall be compelled to take\\na Pilot or pay pilotage, unless a signal for a Pilot shall be\\nmade.\\n23. Any Pilot intending to absent himself from his sta-\\ntion for over twenty-four hours, shall communicate his\\nintention to the Chairman, who may grant a permit, and\\nhe shall likewise make known his return, under a penalty\\nof Fifty Dollars for such neglect.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "WIL3IINGT0N, NORTH CAKOLINA. 89\\n24. Should any liiilk, raft, flat, or other obstructive sub-\\nstance become sunken, from any cause, in the River, tlie\\nsame shall be immediately removed, under a penalty of\\nFive Dollars for each and every day such nuisance shall\\nremain, after notice from the Harbor Master, to be paid by\\nthe i^arties interested or concerned and in case exertions\\nare not immediately made for the removal aforesaid, the\\nCommissioners may exercise the discretion of using other\\nmeans of abating the nuisance, even to the confiscation or\\ncondemnation of such obstructions.\\n25. The Harbor Master shall have power to regulate all\\nfires which are burning or kindled on Rafts, Decks, or\\nFlat Boats, or Lighters, and any owner or agent of the\\nowner, refusing to obey the orders of the Harbor Master,\\nshall be liable to a fine of Fifty Dollars for every violation.\\n26. It shall be the duty of the Harbor Master to see that\\nall raft frames be taken out of the water by persons land-\\ning wood or lumber, audit shall be the duty of every Agent\\nor Inspector of said rafts to have the same done, when so\\nordered, or at all times, under a penalty of Fifty Dollars.\\n27. Any person encumbering either of the public docks\\nwith logs, dilapidated hulks, or other trash or nuisance,\\nshall forfeit and pay a fine of Five Dollars, if not removed\\nimmediately upon notice from the Harbor Master, and Five\\nDollars for every additional day the nuisance remains.\\nAnd when the owner cannot conveniently be found, the\\nHarbor Master shall take the most speedy method to clear\\nthe dock.\\n28. The Bar Pilots shall be divided into classes of not\\nless than four each, whose dut} it shall be by turns, to\\nascertain the depth of water at the several navigable points,\\nand to report to this Board by the first regular meeting in\\neach month, being Tuesday penalty for neglect. Ten\\nDollars.\\n29. In all violations of these Ordinances, wherein no for-\\nfeiture is specified, a penalty not exceeding Fifty Dollars\\nmay be imposed, according to the aggravation of the case.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "90 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\n30. During the recess of tlie Board, the Chairman shall\\nbe empowered to try and determine all cases of delinquency\\noccurring, and an appeal from his decision to this Board\\nbeing allowed and all matters connected with the naviga-\\ntion and regulations of the Port, during the recess of the\\nBoard, shall be under his immediate supervision and\\ncontrol.\\n31. No apprentice is allowed to pilot any vessel drawing\\nover six feet of water, without permission from the Chair-\\nman of this Board.\\n32. Any Pilot, who, after having been notified for the\\npurpose, shall fail to be on board any vessel at the time set\\nfor sailing, shall forfeit and pay the Captain Ten Dollars\\nfor each day s delay (unless at the time he shall have per-\\nsonal charge of some other vessel), and the further sum of\\none day s expense of such vessel. Pilots, however, may\\nrequire advance pay for pilotage.\\n33. Pilots navigating vessels into Port, shall be entitled,\\nexclusively, to navigate such vessels out of Port, provided\\na Pilot be in attendance when a vessel is ready to sail\\notherwise the Captain may^ employ any other suitable\\nPilot. Any Pilot or other person navigating a vessel con-\\ntrary to the meaning of this regulation, shall forfeit and\\npay the injured Pilot Forty Dollars.\\n34. Neglect to repair dilapidated wharves shall subject\\nthe owners or parties interested, after having been duly\\nnotified, to a fine of Five Dollars, for each and every day s\\nneglect to make such repairs.\\n35. All flats, lighters, or other boats or vessels, employed\\nwithin the limits of the City of Wilmington, x^roj^elled\\nwholly or in part by gigs or poles, are hereby prohibited\\nfrom using ui)on the ends of said gigs or poles, any iron or\\nother metal points so sharpened as to make indentation into\\nwood. And any vessel, steamer or package of goods, re-\\nceiving damage from the use of said gigs or poles, the\\nowners or agent of the owners of the fiat or lighter, shall", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "WILMIKGTON, NORTH CAEOLINA. 91\\nbe liable for the full amount of damage arising therefrom.\\nAnd any person or persons employed as crew of said fiat\\nor lighter, who shall violate this Ordinance, shall be fined\\nnot less than Five Dollars for each and every offence.\\n36. Any person casting loose or adrift, any Flat, Raft or\\nRaft of Turpentine, or any Boat or Vessel, without the\\nconsent of the Harbor Master, had and obtained, shall be\\npunished by a fine of Ten Dollars for each and every\\noffence. One-half of the said fine shall, when collected,\\nbe paid to the i^erson or persons giving information to the\\nHarbor Master.\\n37. From and after this date, any person piling wood, or\\nany other material or merchandise, in such manner as to\\nprevent or obstruct the fastening of vessels at any piling or\\nringbolt, placed upon any wharf for the purpose of securing\\nany vessel, shall forfeit Five Dollars for each and every\\nhour said obstruction shall remain, after notice from the\\nHarbor Master; said fines to be collected in the same\\nmanner as other fines imposed by this Board.\\nAll Ordinances, Rules or Regulations, conflicting with\\nthose above specified, are hereby repealed.\\nJAMES H. CHADBOURN, Chairman.\\nJos. Price, Harbor Master.\\nOrdered hy the Board of Commissioners of Namgation\\nand Pilotage\\nThat hereafter no Pilot shall leave a vessel on the River\\nwithout the consent of the Master, and when any deten-\\ntion shall occur, by fault of the Master of any vessel, the\\nPilot shall be entitled to Three Dollars per day for every\\nday so detained.\\nWhen any vessel lying outside of the Rip, or at other\\nexposed points, shall set her colors for a Pilot, the regular\\nPilot shall promptly answer her signal, or in his absence,\\nsome other Pilot, who has a branch entitling him to take\\ncharge of such a vessel, shall proceed to her with all", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "92\\nWILMINGTOISr, NORTH CAROLINA.\\npossible dispatch, and for such service shall receive Five\\nDollars per day, until discharged by the Master.\\nServices rendered by any other than the regular Pilot,\\nin answer to a signal, shall not deprive the regular Pilot of\\nhis right to carry the vessel to sea when slie is ready.\\nAny Pilot failing to carry out this order, shall be liable\\nto such fine as the Board of Commissioners, after invest!\\ngating the cause, may impose.\\nJAS. H. CHADBOURN, Chairman.\\nFebruary 17th, 1874.\\nRates of Pilotage for the Cape Fear Bars and li wers, Established on\\nthe Id day of August, 1870, in Accordance ivith the Existing Acts of\\nthe Legislature of North Carolina, to go into Operation on Augus\\n10th, 1870.\\nBARS\\nwiug G f\\neet\\nand uu\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n1 1 1\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n11 1\\n1 1 1\\n11 1\\nli 1\\n11 1\\nder 61 fe\\n7\\n71\\n8\\n8^\\n9\\n91\\n10\\n101\\n11\\n111\\n12\\n121\\n13\\n132^\\n14\\n14}\\n15\\n151\\n16\\n161\\n17\\n171\\n18\\net 9 00\\n9 75\\n7\\n10 75\\n7i\\n11 50\\n8\\n12 00\\n8.1\\nVA 75\\n9\\n13 50\\n9i\\n14 50\\n10\\n15 25\\n10|\\n17 00\\n11\\n18 50\\n11.^\\n20 50\\n12\\n22 50\\n12-^\\n25 50\\n13\\n28 50\\n13.?r\\n31 00\\n14\\n34 00\\nlU\\n38 00\\n15\\n42 00\\n151\\n45 00\\n16\\n50 00\\n161\\n55 00\\n17\\n60 00\\n171\\nG5 00", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\n93\\nEIVER.\\nFrom\\nSmithville\\nto\\nWilmington,\\nand\\nvice versa.\\nFrom Five\\nFathom Hole\\nto\\nWilmington\\nand\\nvice versa.\\nr 6 J\\nreet\\nand\\nund\\ner 6J feet\\n9 50\\n7 00\\nH\\n(1\\nIt\\n7\\n10 50\\n8 00\\n7\\nu\\n11\\nu\\n7i\\n12 00\\n9 00\\nn\\nu\\n1.\\n11\\n8\\n12 50\\n9 75\\n8\\nu\\n11\\n8i\\n13 00\\n10 25\\n8^\\nu\\nti\\n9\\n13 50\\n10 75\\n9\\n11\\n11\\n9J\\n14 00\\n11 25\\n9j\\n11\\n10\\n15 00\\n12 25\\n10\\nii\\n11\\n10 V\\n16 00\\n13 25\\nlOJ\\n11\\n11\\n18 00\\n14 50\\n11\\n11\\nlU\\n19 75\\n15 75\\nlU\\n11\\n11\\n1 1\\n12\\n22 00\\n16 75\\n12\\n1 1\\n11\\n11\\n12J\\n24 00\\n17 50\\n12i\\n11\\n11\\n11\\n13\\n26 50\\n20 00\\n13\\n11\\n11\\n11\\n13^\\n29 00\\n22 25\\n13J\\n1 1\\n11\\nt(\\n14\\n32 00\\n24 25\\n14\\nIt\\n11\\nUl\\n35 00\\n26 25\\nUi\\n11\\n11\\n11\\n15\\n40 00\\n28 25\\n15\\n11\\n11\\n11\\n151\\n44 00\\n30 00\\nFrom Smithville to Brunswick, or from Brunswick to Wilmington,\\nor vice versa, shall be one- half the Pilotage from Smithville to Wil-\\nmington. From Smithville to Five Fathom Hole, from Five Fathom\\nHole to B/unswick, from Brunswick to Campbell s Island, from\\nCampbell s Island to Wilmington, or vice versa one-fourth of the Pilot-\\nage from Smithville to Wilmington: Provided, That vessels of 60\\ntons burthen, owned by the citizens of this State, shall not be required\\nto take a Pilot.\\nBy order, JOS. PRICE, Clerk.\\nAugust 10, 1870.\\nPORT WARDENS.\\nAn Act of the General Assembly passed in 1802, author-\\nized, emiDowered and directed the Commissioners of Navi-\\ngation to appoint three fit persons to be Wardens of the\\nPort, for the Port of Wilmington. And, in case of the\\ndeath, refusal to act, or resignation of any Port Wardens\\nso appointed, it is the duty of the Commissioners of Navi-\\ngation, together with such Port Warden, or Wardens, as", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "94 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nshall be then living and acting, to elect some other person\\nor iDersons in the X)lace of the one so dying or refusing\\nto act.\\nThe act lorescribes the duty of the Port Wardens sub-\\nstantially as follows\\nOn request made by the master or owner of any vessel\\narriving in port, or stranded within the bounds thereof, to\\nsurvey and make report of the situation and condition of\\nher, and the causes thereof, and whether she should\\nbe repaired or condemned. To inspect the condition\\nof vessels which may arrive in distress, or may have\\nsuffered by gales of wind at sea. The condition and\\nsituation of goods, wares and merchandise, which may\\narrive in said vessels, or may have received damage\\nat sea, and to report thereon and the probable causes\\nthereof. To inspect the stowage of the cargoes of\\nvessels arriving in port, having received damage at sea,\\nbefore the same shall be discharged. To make surveys of\\ngoods, wares and merchandise, and the cargoes of damaged\\nvessels, and to make and report estimates of the amount of\\ndamage sustained. To make and report (if required)\\nsurveys of vessels outward bound, and to report whether\\nthey are seaworthy or not, and fit for the voyage intended.\\nAll goods that are sold by reason of their having received\\ndamage, which shall have been surveyed or inspected by\\nthe Port Wardens, shall be sold under their inspection\\nand direction.\\nThe surveys and reports of the Port Wardens are consid-\\nered as authentic documents, and as such, received as\\nevidence in courts of law.\\nThe present Wardens are Gfeorge Harriss, B. G. Bates\\nand R. G. Ross and judging from the Act of General\\nAssembly ratified in 1802, creating this ofiice, it would\\nappear that the appointments are for life.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 95\\nPORT CHARGES AND FACILITIES.\\nWilmington is proverbially a cheap port. Owing to its\\ndistance (about thirty miles) from the sea, the principal\\nexpenses to vessels are towing when required, and pilotage,\\nwhich is compulsory. The service of towage is efficiently\\nrendered by the steam tugs Blanche, Italian, Passi^ort,\\nAlplia, Tioga and William Nyce, at the following rates;\\nTowage from sea to sea, 35 cents per ton.\\nSmithville and to sea, 30\\nWilmington 25\\nThere are no Harbor dues, except the Harbor Master s\\nfee of $3.00 on each vessel, wdiich is not compulsory, but\\noptional with the vessel, and which is recommended to be\\npaid in all instances, as a retainer in case of need, the\\nHarbor Master being empowered to charge a vessel, other-\\nwise, for services rendered, $5.00 for the first visit, and\\n$2.50 for each subsequent one. There are over three miles\\nof river front, about half of which affords wharf accommo-\\ndation, free of charge to vessels, which are promptly\\nmoored on arrival, by the Harbor Master.\\nThe present depth of water in the harbor is 10 to 45 feet,\\nbut below Wilmington, the river (now being dredged and\\ndeepened) on ordinary tides is only 14^ feet, so that vessels\\nrequiring more water, must lighter the remainder of the\\ncargo to Smithville (near the bar) at a cost of, say, 8 to 12\\ncents per barrel rosin, 10 to 15 cents per cask spirits tur-\\npentine, 30 to 50 cents per bale cotton.\\nThe charges for stowing cargoes are lower than in any\\nother port say,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 rosin 3 cents, tar 4 cents, spirits turpen-\\ntine 6 cents, cotton 40 to 50 cents, porting and stowing\\nlumber 50 cents. Provisions and other ship stores are\\nabout the same as in other Atlantic j)orts.\\nTwo years ago an attemxjt was made to establish a line\\nof Steamers from Wilmington to Liverpool, and the\\nSteamer Barnesmore was chartered as an experiment, but", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "96 WILMIXGTOjN^, ]\\\\^0KTII CAROLINA.\\nit was found tbat the depth of water was not sufficient to\\nencourage further business.\\nThe Captain of this Steamer, however, wrote, upon his\\ndeparture for Liverpool, a very hopeful letter addressed to\\nMr. A. H. Van Bokkelen, President of the Chamber of\\nCommerce, of Wilmington, which was as follows, and\\nwhich may serve as a guide, should further efforts be made\\nfor direct steam communication:\\nOff Smitiiville, N. C, October 6th, 1881.\\nHon. a. H. Van Bokkelen,\\nPresident Chamber of Commerce, Wilmington, N. C.\\nDear Sir\\nAgreeably to your request, I beg herewith to give you\\nmy opinion and experience of the ai)proaches and port of\\nWilmington. The only danger to be apprehended in\\napproaching Wilmington bar is the Frying Pan Shoal,\\nwhich is well marked by buoys on each side, and the Light\\nShip at the extreme end but as ships bound to the south-\\nern ports endeavor to sight the Light Ship, the risk and\\ndanger is equally great to them as if they were bound to\\nWilmington- Any remarks therefore, on this head, would\\nbe superfluous, as it is abundantly shown they can have all\\nthe tonnage they require at any southern port and I am\\nquite sure the approaches would not be considered by\\nowners desirous of sending their steamers to this port,\\nany more than to Charleston or Savannah.\\nThe bar is straight, and well marked for crossing by day\\nor night\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and we passed in and out with perfect ease and\\nsafety.\\nOutward-bound, our draught was\u00e2\u0080\u0094 forward, 13 feet,\\n4 inches aft, 14 feet, 9 inches.\\nWe found not less than 18 feet of water on the bar\\nsufficient for a much larger steamer than the Barnesmore\\nto pass safely.\\nI was prepared to find Cape Fear River shallow but I\\nalso exjDected to find the navigation intricate and trouble-\\nsome, and in this I was agreeably disa]ppointed, for except-", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 97\\ning the Horse Shoe Bend, there is not a sharp turn in the\\nriver and I do not think any steamer that steered fairly\\nwell would have any difficulty in passing this. Indeed,\\nnavigating the Danube, compared with the Cape Fear\\nRiver, is passing the Horse Shoe Bend all the time.\\nThe shallowness of the water, however, is a great diffi-\\nculty in the way of getting steamers to run regularly to\\nthis port. There are comparatively few steamers that can\\nload a cargo large enough to pay them to cross the Atlantic\\non a draught of 14^ feet. If, however, the river was\\ndredged to a minimum depth, at ordinary tides, of 16 feet,\\nyou could get as many stean\\\\ers as you wanted to load a\\ncargo of cotton at this draught and I have no doubt Wil-\\nmington would soon become one of the first cotton i)orts on\\nthe coast.\\nThe dock and wharf accommodations are good, the cotton\\npresses as powerful as any in the United States, and attach-\\ned to them are warehouses capable of storing several\\nthousand bales of cotton, where they are perfectly shel-\\ntered from the weather, and the risk of fire considerably\\nlessened by the strict rules for the prevention of accidents\\nof this nature being rigidly carried out.\\nThe charges for compressing and stowing are about the\\nsame as in other U. S. cotton ports.\\nThere is a fee of $3.00 to the Harbor Master but except\\nthis, ships are free of all charges whatever there are\\nneither harbor nor wharf dues to pay. The pilotage is\\ncomparatively light, and referring to the men who piloted\\nmy steamer to and from Wilmington, I found them cau-\\ntious and skillful. Provisions, although not as good as in\\nmost American ports, are moderate in price\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and finall}-,\\ncomparing Wilmington with any other cotton-shipping\\nport, it is a very cheap i3lace.\\nThe facilities for loading are good. We have been only\\nnine days in taking in 3,458 bales of cotton, 673 barrels of\\nspirits turpentine and 550 barrels of rosin and on days", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "98 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nwhen cotton was coming forward briskly, we have received\\nfrom the Champion Press alone, upwards of 600 bales.\\nAnother important matter which will be taken into con-\\nsideration when sending ships in this direction: The State\\nhas passed a law which provides for the arrest and impris-\\nonment of persons enticing men away from their ships, and\\nthe authorities are willing and prompt in locking up\\ndeserters when properly certified by the British Consul;\\nand I have no doubt this will have the effect of checking,\\nand ultimately ending\u00e2\u0080\u0094 at least in North Carolina the\\nendless expense and trouble, owners and shipmasters have\\nhitherto been subject to, throughout America, in conse-\\nquence of this evil. Personally, I owe the authorities here\\nmy best thanks for the manner in which they helped me in\\na matter of this kind.\\nI wish to acknowledge with gratefulness the kind recep-\\ntion that has been extended me by your most worthy\\nfellow-merchants, whom I find really anxious to encourage\\nany movement which tends to the welfare and progress of\\nthe place.\\nOf the zeal and energy of Messrs. Alex. Sprunt Son, in\\ndespatching the Barnesmore^ there is no question and I\\nam satisfied that President Murchison and Manager Clark,\\nof the Central Railway, are quite ready to aid, in the most\\nsubstantial manner, toward establishing a regular steam\\nservice from this port.\\nI mention these gentlemen because there is no mistaking\\ntheir cordiality wdth reference to this subject. But let the\\nriver dredging be pushed on vigorously, otherwise there is\\nsmall scope for individual enterprise and energy. In con-\\nclusion, I wish to acknowledge the great attention and\\ncourtesy of Collector Canaday and Captain Gabrielson,\\nand to say I shall not soon forget them or their kindly\\noffices. I remain, dear sir.\\nYour most obedient servant,\\nJ. TRENERY,\\nCaptain of S. 8. Barnesmorey", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 99\\nCUSTOM HOUSE RETURNS.\\nThe following report of the Collector of Customs for the\\nPort of AVilmington, shows the returns for the fiscal year\\nending June, 1882.\\nA show^s the transactions of the year, including the\\ntotal receipts from all sources and the number of persons\\nemployed.\\nB the tonnage and the number of vessels documented\\nin this district on June 30th, 1882, with the number of\\nvessels built, lost at sea, etc.\\nC the exports to foreign countries classified.\\nThe U. S. Revenue Steamer Colfax is attached to the\\nCustoms Service at this port her complement consists of\\nseven officers, a pilot and thirty men, and her cruising\\nextends from Body s Island, N. C, to Georgetown, S, C.\\nConnected, also, with the Customs Service, is a Light\\nShip off Frying Pan Shoals, and a Light House on Bald\\nHead, and another on Fort Caswell.\\nThese lights, together with the Life Saving Station,\\nmake arrival and departure of vessels, to and from this\\nport, comparatively safe.\\nDuring the winter season the Colfax is on the lookout\\nfor vessels in distress, along this course, and frequently\\nrenders timely assistance, without any expense to vessels,\\nexcept for provisions furnished, or fuel expended.\\nThe following persons are employed by the Department,\\nat this office.\\nNUMBER or PERSONS EMPLOYED.\\n1 Collector. 6 Other Employees.\\n1 Deputy Collector. 1 Weigher and Ganger.\\n2 Clerks, 6 Insi^ectors.\\n1 Messenger. Aggregate 18.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "100\\nWILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nA.\\nNo. of Vessels entered from Foreign Ports 181\\nVessels cleared for Foreign Ports 267\\nVessels entered from Domestic Ports 170\\nVessels cleared for Domestic Ports 110\\nEntries of Merchandise for Duty 60\\nEntries of Merchandise free of Duty 26\\nEntries for Warehouse 6\\nEntries from Warehouse for ConsumjDtion 5\\nEntries for Consumption Liquidated 86\\nEntries for Warehouse Liquidated 6\\nCertificates of Registry granted 27\\nCertificates of Enrolment granted 22\\nLicenses for Coasting Trade granted 51\\nLicenses to Vessels under 20 tons granted... 23\\nValue of Exports\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Domestic $5,793,188 00\\nRECEIPTS FROM ALL SOURCES.\\nDuties on imports $81,721 45\\nTonnage 10,180 80\\nMarine Hospital Tax 1,587 04\\nFines, Penalties and Forfeitures 15 00\\nMiscellaneous Customs Receij^ts 918 45\\nInspection of Steam-Vessels 567 70\\nOfficial Fees 2,244 79\\nTotal $97,235 23\\nB.\\nO A\\nK\\ncc\\nO\\n1\\n15\\n21\\n11\\n6\\n2\\n25\\n81\\nTonnage.\\nTons.\\nlOOths\\nPermanent Registers Sail, Balance\\n312\\n3,235\\n1,059\\n1,018\\n806\\n445\\n366\\n23\\nTemporary Sail,\\nPermanent Enrollments Sail,\\n14\\n98\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094Wood Steam, Balance\\nIron Vessels, Steam,\\nTemporary Sail Balance\\n85\\n93\\n57\\nLicenses under 20 tons. Sail, Coasting Trade,Balance\\n89\\nTotal number of vessels and total tonnage of District\\n7,245\\n59\\nLicenses of Enrolled Vessels in the Coasting\\nTrade\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Balance 47 5267 30\\nStatement of Vessels Built 2 158 45\\nVessels Lost at Sea and Wrecked 2 213 07\\nVessels Abandoned as unfit for service 11 7 00", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOKTH CAROLINA.\\nc.\\n101\\nStatement of Domestic Commodities Exported to Foreign Ports During\\nFiscal Year Ended June 30th, 1882.\\nCotton.\\nRosin and\\nTurpentine.\\nTar Pitch. Spts.Turpentine\\nLumber.\\nBales\\nLbs.\\nDollars.\\nBbls. Dolls\\nBbls.\\nDolls. Galls.\\nDolls.\\nFeet. Dolls.\\nmMi\\n29,922,17.5\\n3,370,000\\n347,5041818,346\\n1,4889\\n33,2531 2,850,552\\n1,326,244\\n12,721,000 225,614\\nShingles.\\nMisfpl 1 Portion Carried\\nlSous.p A ^feLs^^V\u00c2\u00ab^-\\nPortion Carried\\nin Foreign\\nVessels.\\nTotal Value of\\nExports of Domes-\\ntic Merchandise.\\nM. Dolls.\\nDolls.\\nDollars.\\nDollars.\\nDollars.\\n3,034 20,880\\n3,851 1 155,772\\n5,637.416\\n5,793,188.\\nFOREIGN CARRYING TRADE.\\nThe foreign carrying trade of Wilmington is done prin-\\ncipall}^ by Norwegian, German and British vessels, in the\\norder named, although there are a number of Swedish,\\nDanish and Italian ships entered, with a few of other\\nnationalities during the year.\\nThe class of vessels most suitable for cargoes of naval\\nstores, are from 250 tons to 350 tons register, and these are\\ngenerally of Scandinavian nationality. The German and\\nBritish vessels in our trade, average about 350 tons several\\nBritish ships trading here being 550, 700 and 950 tons regis-\\nter resi^ectively. It is well known that small sailing vessels\\nare fast disappearing from the sea, experience having proved\\nthat large vessels, at even considerably lower rates of freight,\\nare more j)rofitable, the ratio of running expenses being\\nlargely in favor of increased tonnage. This fact shows the\\nnecessity of our River and Harbor improvement, if we\\nwould keep pace with the changes already referred to.\\nRiver and Bar lighterage has always been an objection-\\nable clause in our Charter Parties, both on account of the\\ndelay and expense to the vessel, and the increased hazard\\nto marine underwriters.\\nDuring the year 1882 the total number of Scandinavian\\nvessels entered in Wilmington was 99, aggregating 39,926", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "102 WlLMlNGTOJi, NORTH CAROLINA.\\ntons register, and 1,053 men of German vessels tliere were\\n50, aggregating 18,481 tons, and 525 men of British ves-\\nsels there were 40 arrivals, with a total registered tonnage\\nof 10,769 tons, and 334 men.\\nThe other foreign vessels entered daring the year were as\\nfollows\\n8 Russian vessels. Tonnage 1,052\\n3 Italian 1,132\\n2 Austrian 744\\n1 Greek 307\\n1 Costa Rican 268\\n1 Haytien 109\\n2 Dutch 407\\n18 4,019\\nAppended herewith is a carefully prepared statement of\\nvessels of all nationalities and their registered tonnage,\\nentered and cleared in Wilmington during the years 1881\\nand 1882. The ajjparent discrepancy between the Consular\\nreturns and this table for 1882, may be accounted for by\\nthe fact that some of the entries of the year 1882 extend\\ninto the clearances of 1883\\nClassification of Clearances of Shipping for ths Years 1331 and 1832.\\nSTEAMERS.\\nFlag.\\n1881. 1\\n1 1882.\\nNo.\\n73\\n1\\nTons.\\n63,707\\n1,518\\n1 No.\\n78\\nTons.\\n73,591\\nBritish\\nBARKS.\\nFlag\\n1881. 1\\n18\u00c2\u00bb2.\\nNo.\\n50\\n105\\n18\\n19\\n5\\n1\\nTons.\\n18,300\\n37,408\\n6,795\\n7,340\\n1,763\\n260\\nNo.\\nTons.\\n37\\n77\\n8\\n15\\n8\\n2\\n1\\n2\\n2\\n13,575\\n31,801\\n2,922\\n6,:i5S\\n2,832\\n708\\nDutch\\n250\\n858\\n744\\nHaytien\\n1\\n4\\n298\\n1,324\\nAmerican\\ni\\nio\\n3,309", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\n103\\nBRIGS.\\nFlag.\\n1881.\\nNo. I Tons.\\nGerman\\nNorwegian\\nSwedish\\nBritisli\\nDanish\\nRussian\\nPortuguese\\nCosta Rica\\nHaytien\\nGreek\\nItalian\\nDutch\\nAmer ican\\nSCHOONERS\\n3,343\\n5,2tj2\\n1.439\\n4,243\\n4941\\n3t)7\\nJ 72\\n258\\n20 t 5,962\\n1882\\nNo. I Tons.\\n3,028\\n3,3(J9\\n497\\n2,505\\n247\\n344\\n268\\n109\\n307\\n274\\n157\\n3,244\\n1881. 1 1 1882.\\nNo.\\nTons. 1 No.\\nTons.\\nAmerican\\nBritish\\n210\\n12\\n50,580 197\\n1,214 9\\n51,220\\n1,159\\nTOTAL.\\n1 1 1881.\\nSteam and Sail.\\n1 No. 1 Tons.\\n1882.\\nNo. 1 Tons.\\nSteaniers 74 65 225\\n78 73,591\\n422 130,085\\nSailing Vessels 503 146,822\\nFOREIGN CONSULS\\nIn Wilmington, are as follows\\nNAME.\\nFrederick J. Lord..\\nO. G. Parsley, Jr...\\nAlexander Sprunt..\\nJacob Loeb\\nWm. L. DeRosset...\\nR. E. Heide\\nGeorge Harriss\\nEdouard Peschau...\\nW. A. Cummius;....\\nRANK.\\nVice Consul.\\nf Vice Consul\\nt Consul\\nVice Consul...\\nNATION.\\nSpain\\nBrazil\\nGreat Britain\\nFrance\\nPortugal\\n{Norway\\nSweden\\nDenmark\\nArgentine Republic\\nGerman}\\nHayti\\nWhev\\nAppointed.\\nMay, 1843.\\n1859.\\nMarch 31, 1S6B\\nMay 29, 1807.\\nMarch 30, 1868\\nDec. 10, 1870.\\nOctober, 1871.\\nNov. 8, 1871.\\nDec. 7, 1874.\\nMarch, 1874.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "104\\nWILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nNOTARIES PUBLIC\\nAppointed in the City of Wilmington since the passage\\nof the Act of 1881, whose terms expire, under the provis-\\nBions of this act, two years from the date of their qualifica-\\ntion, are as follows\\nNAME.\\nDate of\\nAppointment.\\nAlex. S. Heide\\nWm. L. Smith, Jr...\\nThos. D. Meares\\nJno. W. Atkinson...\\nWm. A. Willson\\nTliomas Evans\\nAndrew J. HowelL..\\nElbridge G. Barker\\nMicliael Cronly, Jr..\\nC. P. Mebaue\\nAsa K. Wali^er\\nHanson M. Bowden\\nMattliew P. Taylor..\\nB. G. Empie\\nH. H. Heide\\nLouis Poisson Davis\\nJohn K. Brown\\nJohn R. Latta\\nApril 11th, 1881.\\nMay 18th, 1881.\\nJulie 1st, 1881.\\nJune 6th, 1881.\\nJune 8th, 1881.\\nJune 15th, 1881.\\nJune 17th, 1881.\\nJune 24th, 1881.\\nJuly 1st, 1881.\\nJanuary 11th, 1882.\\nFebruarv 6lh, 1882.\\nJuly 29th, 1882.\\nSeptember 20th, 1882\\nDecember 26th, 1882.\\nUNITED STATES COURTS.\\nThe Circuit Court for the Eastern District of North\\nCarolina meets at Raleigh, on the first Monday in June\\nand the last Monday in November. Hon. Hugh L. Bond,\\nof Baltimore, is Circuit Judge, with a salary of $6,000 a\\nyear. William S. O B. Robinson is United States Attorney\\nfor this District, N. J. Riddick, Clerk, and Joshua B. Hill,\\nMarshal.\\nThe District Court meets at Elizabeth City on the third\\nMonday in April and October at New Berne on the\\nfourth Monday in April and October, and at Wilmington\\non the first Monday after the fourth Monday in April and\\nOctober. Hon. Augustus S. Seymour is District Judge\\nsalary $3,500 a year, with residence in New Berne. W. S.\\nO B. Robinson is also Attorney of this Court, and J. B,", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 105\\nHill, Marshal W. H. Shaw, is Clerk, and Joseph H. Neff,\\nDeputy Marshal.\\nJurors in this Court are iDa id $2.00 per day and mileage,\\nand witnesses $1.50 per day and mileage.\\nE. H. McQuigg and E. H. King are United States Com-\\nmissioners in Wilmington.\\nTHE IMPROVEMENT OF CAPE FEAR RIVER BELOW\\nWILMINGTON.\\nUpon the ultimate success of the present operations by\\nthe General Government for the deejoening of Cape Fear\\nRiver and Bar, depends, in a great measure, the future\\nprosperity of Wilmington. All classes of our citizens are\\ntherefore directly interested in the accomplishment of this\\ngreat undertaking, which means cheap through railway\\nrates on grain and provisions from the Western States, to\\nbe handled and trans-shipped at less cost in Wilmington\\nthan in any other Southern port the develox)ment of our\\nalmost inexhaustible Coal and Iron region in the Deep\\nRiver Yalley, now waiting a cheap outlet the enhance-\\nment by one hundred per cent, in the value of real estate,\\nand especially of our three miles of water front, which is\\nnow of so little value the substantial encouragement of\\nall our manufacturing industries the establishment of\\nregular steam lines of first-class ships at cheaper and more\\nreliable rates of freight to the principal seaports of the\\nworld, enabling us to compete more successfully with our\\nSouthern neighbors in those products which now depend\\nfor movement, in a great measure, upon slow sailing shij)s,\\nextra insurance premiums and fluctuating rates of freight.\\nA few of our citizens, appreciating the importance of this\\nwork, have, under many discouragements, kept their\\nshoulders to the wheel, and by steady perseverance and the\\ninvaluable aid of our Representatives in Congress, accom-\\nplished nearly all that has been done to promote the desired\\nend.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "106 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThe late Mr. Henry Nutt, as Chairman of the Committee\\nappointed by the Chamber of Commerce, was, during the\\nhist years of his life, indefatigable in his unselfish efforts,\\nand had the satisfaction of seeing the most difficult part of\\nthe scheme \u00e2\u0080\u0094the closing of New Inlet\u00e2\u0080\u0094 successfully accom-\\nplished.\\nThe Hon. A. H. VanBokkelen, President of the Chamber\\nof Commerce, has for three years past given a great part of\\nhis time and energy to the uninterrupted progress of tlie\\nEngineers, by encouraging reports to our Senator, and by\\npersonal attendance at Washington.\\nTo Col. Craighill, United States Engineer, we are greatly\\nindebted, not only for his skillful direction of the work, but\\nalso for his steady support of the scheme in his reports to\\nthe War Department. Assistant Engineer Bacon, in charge\\nof the operations on the river, has kindly furnished me\\nwith the technical information on this subject.\\nThe Cape Fear River, from its mouth nearly to Wilming-\\nton, is properly a tidal estuary of about thirty-eight square\\nmiles. The river and its branches drain an area of about\\neight thousand square miles. The amount of fresh water\\npassing out at the mouth, though large, is insignificant\\nwhen compared with the tidal flow which alternatelj^ fills\\nand empties this great reservoir. The mean fresh water\\ndischarge of the river does not exceed 9,000 cubic feet per\\nsecond, while the tidalilow at the entrance averages about\\n175,000 cubic feet per se ^ond. This is the real force which\\ncreates and preserves the channel across the shifting sands\\nof the coast at the mouth of the river. No demonstration\\nis needed to prove the importance of concentrating this\\nforce. It is also apparent that such a force would be most\\nefficient in preserving a passage across a bar and shoals\\nwhich are in a position sheltered from the prevailing winds\\nand heaviest storms of the coast. This we have at the\\nnatural mouth of the river, which is wholly sheltered from\\nnortherly, north-easterly, and in a great measure from", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOETII CAROLINA. 107\\neasterly winds, by its position in the bay, protected by\\nCape Fear and the Frying Pan shoals. From the old maps\\nof the river and harbor it appears that there was at the\\nentrance a least depth of about 14 feet at low water.\\nWhen, therefore, in 1761, the sea made a breach across the\\nnarrow sand-beach, which divided the sea from the river^\\nsome seven miles above the month, which from that time\\nbecame known as the New Inlet, the deterioration which\\nafterwards occurred was anticipated, as appears, nega-\\ntively, by the letter of Governor Tryon, in February 1769,\\nin which he says: H. M. ship Foly came in at the en-\\ntrance at half-tide, drawing 14 feet of water. The New\\nInlet, which was broken through a few years since, is used\\nonly by vessels drawing 7 or 8 feet of water. The New\\nInlet seems to have had no bad effect at the entrance. But\\nthe bad effect came gradually, as appears by subsequent\\nmaps and surveys, which show continual deterioration.\\nThe accurate and elaborate survey of Lieutenant Glynn, in\\n1839, shows 9 feet depth at low water at the Bald Head\\nchannel, and the same at the other, or Western Bar of the\\nentrance, and 10 feet at the New Inlet. The coast survey\\nof 1851 shows 8 and 7 feat depth at the Rip, and 8 feet at\\nthe New Inlet. The coast survey chart of 1869 does not\\nshow much change, the available depths appearing to be\\nabout the same. The careful survey of Mr. Vinal, of the\\ncoast survey of 1872, shows 9 feet at low water at the Bald\\nHead, and the same depth on the Rip of the western\\nchannel of the entrance, and 10 feet at the New Inlet Bar,\\nNo changes appear to have occurred in the upper river\\nuntil improvements were made. [These soundings do not\\nagree with the record of the Commissioners of Navigation.]\\nThe improvement of the river below Wilmington was\\nbegun by the State of North Carolina, and continued from\\n1823 to 1828, In 1829 it was taken in hand by the United\\nStates, and from 1829 to 1838 inclusive. Congress made\\nannual appropriations amounting to $202,539, which were", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "108 WILMIKGTON, NORTH CAROLHSTA.\\nexpended in improving the river from Wilmington to\\nCampbell s (Big) Island, about 9 miles belov^. The opera-\\ntions consisted mostly of pile and plank jetties, made to\\nconcentrate the currents some dredging was also done.\\nThe plans initiated by the State were continued by the\\nUnited States. An available increase of about 2 feet was\\nobtained, so that 9 to 9^ feet could be carried at low water.\\nProjects for improvement were revived in 1852, when Con-\\ngress appropriated $20,000, and $140,000 was appropriated\\nin 1854. These appropriations were expended for the\\nimprovement at the entrance by jetties at Bald Head\\nPoint, and by closing the breaches between Smith s and\\nZeke s Islands. When the latter works were nearly com-\\npleted and the appropriation exhausted, a great storm in\\nSeptember 1857, destroyed, to a considerable extent, the\\nworks at Zeke s Island, leaving the stone foundations.\\nNothing further was done toward improvement until 1870,\\nwhen the work was begun again. The following appropri-\\nations have been made by Congress\\nBy act approved July 11, 1870 $100,000\\nBy act approved March 3, 1871 75,000\\nBy act approved June 10, 1872 100,000\\nBy act approved March 3, 1873 100,000\\nBy act approved June 23, 1874 150,000\\nBy act approved March 3, 1875 150,000\\nBy act approved August 14, 1876 132,500\\nBy act approved June 18, 1878, 160,000\\nBy act approved March 3, 1879 100,000\\nBy act approved June 14, 1880 70,000\\nBy act approved March 3, 1881 140,000\\nBy act approve 1 August 1882 225,000\\nTotal $1,502,500\\nThe project adopted in 1870 was the closure of the breach\\nbetween Smith s and Zeke s Islands, with the ultimate\\nclosure of the New Inlet in view. In 1873 and 1874 the", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "WltMlNGTOI^, #ORTlt CATiottNA. -l09\\nadditional work projected was the dredging of the new\\nchannel behind the Horse Shoe Shoals, near Snow s Marsh,\\nand dredging the Bald Head Channel (which had already\\nbegun to improve), and also dredging and removing obsta-\\ncles from the river between Campbell s Island and Wilming-\\nton, so as to obtain 12 feet depth at mean low water. In\\n1875 the work of closing the New Inlet was begun in\\nearnest, A continuous line of mattresses, composed of\\nlogs and brush, sunk and loaded with stone, was laid\\nentirely across the New Inlet, from October, 1875, to June,\\n1876. This was the first foundation of the dam.\\nAs fast as appropriations were available, the work was\\ncontinued from year to year, by piling small stone rip-rap\\non and over this foundation, and finally bringing it up to\\nhigh water, and then covering it with heavy granite stones\\non the top and slopes to low water. There were many real\\ndiscouragements during the progress of the work, not to\\nspeak of the almost universal prediction of ultimate\\nfailure by the pilots and others, who were well acquainted\\nwith the forces to be contended with. The great rush of\\nthe tidal currents in and out can hardly be realized, even\\nnow, when it is shown that the alternate difference in level\\non the sea and river sides of the dam at the diiferent stages\\nis usually from 1 to 2 feet, and a difference of 3^ feet has\\nbeen observed.\\nThis rush and over-fall caused a scour on both sides of\\nthe foundation to a depth of from 6 to 16 feet below the\\nbottom of the mattresses, and the water found its way\\nunder the mattresses, and the scouring caused their irregu-\\nlar subsidence. In some instances the settlement was 10\\nor 12 feet within twenty-four hours. The only, or at least\\nthe best remedy, was to continue to pile on the stone and\\nlet them go to their limit, thus making the foundation from\\n90 to 120 feet in width at the base, where the original mat-\\ntresses were from 45 to 60 feet. The whole work, from\\nstiore to shore. Federal Point to Zeke s Island, is nearly a", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "110 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nmile in length. For about three-foiirtli s of a mile of this\\nlength the stone go to an average depth of about 30 feet\\nbelow the top of the dam in many places the depth is\\nmore than 36 feet. The limit of subsidence was reached\\nduring the year 1878, since which it has only been neces-\\nsary to widen the foundation and cover the dam with heavy\\nrock. This was carefully done by the use of three floating\\nderricks one of which was operated by steam between\\nDecember 1879 and July 1881. The stone used in its con-\\nstruction amounts to 181,600 cubic yards, including the\\n16,756 gross tons of heavy granite. During the progress\\nof the work the small stones below half-tide were being\\ncemented into a solid mass by oysters and barnacles and\\nnow the whole structure, with its granite surface, is like\\none solid rock. Its crest is above the level of ordinary\\nSpring tides, and there can be no question of its perma-\\nnence.\\nWhen the magnitude and apparent and real difficulty of\\nthe work are considered, the cost has been small. The\\nwhole cost, from its inception, in 1875, to its thorough com-\\npletion, in 1881, has not exceeded $480,000.\\nDuring the first three years of the construction of the\\ndam, it did not much affect the quantity of the in-and-out\\nflow of tides at the New Inlet, but as it approached com-\\npletion, the stoppage was more and more, and the effect on\\nthe Bald Head channel increased; this was also assisted\\nby the operation of the suction dredge Woodbury, which\\nwas thoroughly rebuilt and put in operation on the Bald\\nHead channel early in April 1879, and continued work until\\nOctober 1881, during which time 169,491 cubic yards of\\nsand were dredged and dumped in deep water. In good\\nweather the amount of compact sand dredged and carried\\nto deep water for dumping, would often amount to 500 cubic\\nyards per day, and occasionally to more than 600 cubic\\nyards. The large amount of materials removed by the\\ndredge, bore a small proportion to the amount carried out", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA Ill\\nby the natural force of the tidal currents, as frequent sur-\\nveys have proved. The following were the shortest sound-\\nings in the Bald Head channel at the end of the fiscal\\nyears 1878, 9 feet; 1879, 11 feet; 1880, 13 feet; 1881, 14\\nfeet 1882, 14 feet. It is probable that there would have\\nbeen farther increase of depth in 1882 if the operations of\\nthe suction dredge had been continued. As it is, the\\nresults are gratifying, being greater than our predictions or\\nexpectations, bringing the channel into as good or better\\ncondition that before the breach of the New Inlet in 1761. It\\nis a practical demonstration of the advantage of closing\\nthe New Inlet by the completed dam. The mean range of\\nthe tides being 4^ feet, 17^ feet draft can be carried over\\nthe bar and shoals at ordinary high water and 18i feet at\\nSpring tides.\\nThe available depth of water between Smithville and\\nWilmington only allows about 14| feet draft at high water.\\nThe imjDortance of obtaining a greater depth was apparent.\\nAn estimate for it was placed before Congress at the\\ninstance of the Hon. Senator M. W. Ransom, in January,\\n1881, and an appropriation of $140,000 designed in part for\\nit was made by Congress by act approved March 3, 1881,\\nThe project adopted was for a channel to be dredged,\\nwhere dredging was needed to obtain it, of 270 feet width\\nand 10 feet depth at mean low water, from the deep water\\nat Smithville harbor to Wilmington.\\nThe first contract for dredging was made in May, 1881,\\nand it is not yet -completed. Another appropriation of\\n$225,000 was made in August, 1882. A portion of this is\\nalready applied to the dredging referred to, and the work\\nunder the second contract is to be completed according to\\nits terms, by June 30, 1883. This will finish the channel\\nto 16 feet depth about half the distance from the harbor to\\nWilmington. About half of the last appropriation is reserved\\nfor the probable requirement to defend the long narrow\\nbeach at Smith s Island against the encroachments of the", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "112 WILMIISrOTOTs^, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nsea. The breaches through this, though at present remote\\nfrom the river, with long shoal water intervening, might in\\nthe course of years become connected by deep water with\\nthe river, and thus repeat the history of the New Inlet in a\\nnew location. To guard against this, a defence must ulti-\\nmately be made, and it can now be made at a comparatively\\nsmall cost. It is under advisement by a Board of Engin-\\neers, who will probably decide to make it, by a continua-\\ntion of the work of the New Inlet dam, or the Zeke s Island\\nworks across the shoal water to the Big Marsh, thus cut-\\nting off the connection of the Swashes across Smith s Island\\nand the river. Such a work would probably cause tlie\\nreformation of the beach, or at least of a wide inner beach\\nat a considerable distance from the defensive work.\\nIf the needed appropriations are made by Congress the\\nprojected channel of 16 feet dex)th will be completed to\\nWilmington during the year 1885.\\nThere is no doubt that by a proper jetty system 20 feet\\ndepth at low water can be obtained at the mouth of the\\nriver and on the bar. The question of obtaining it from\\nthe harbor to Wilmington is only one of dollars and\\ncents.\\nIt is greatly regretted that (Congress has adjourned with-\\nout the usual appropriations for this important and neces-\\nsary undertaking, as it is of vital moment that the opera-\\ntions in thp Cape Fear are not retarded at this important\\nstage of the work; although the present available means\\nwill suffice for a few months to come, the defeat of the\\nRiver and Harbor Bill threatens a serious blow to probably\\nthe most important public work ever projected in North\\nCarolina.\\nOCEAN AND RIVER STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANIES.\\nThe following list comprises the Steam Lines engaged in\\nthe Wilmington carrying trade. The New York and\\nWilmington Steamship Company is a corporation char-", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON NORTH CAKOLINA.\\n118\\ntered by the State of New York, and owns the following\\niron propellers\\nGulf Stream, 998 tons,\\nBenefactor, 844\\nRegulator, 847\\nMr. Thos. E. Bond is the Superintendent at Wilmington,\\nand Messrs. W. P. Clyde Co. General Agents at New\\nYork.\\nThe imjoorts and exports by this line of first class steam-\\ners for the year 1882 were as follows\\nEXPORTS.\\nCotton, bales, 58,655. Rice, meal, sacks,\\nLumber, feet, 5,640,707.\\nShooks, 2,935.\\nShingles, 1,292,000.\\nNaval Stores, bbls, 95,607.\\nSpirits Turpentine 27.400.\\nRice, cleaned, tcs, 3,950.\\nrough,\\nMolasses, hlids,\\nPeanuts, sacks,\\nPig Iron, tons,.\\nYarn, bales,\\nMerchandise, pkgs\\n4,396.\\n4,131.\\n130.\\n1,197.\\n174.\\n366.\\n7 676.\\nIMPORTS.\\nSyrup, bbls, 1,379. Ties, bundles, 3,162.\\nSugar, 6,195.\\nBacon, boxes, 10,318.\\nLard, pkgs, 1,570.\\nCorn, sacks, 114,503.\\nOats, 7,251.\\nHay, bales, 25,328.\\nLiquor, pkgs, 686.\\nOil(lubricating only)\\nbbls, 144.\\nCoffee, sacks, 5,913.\\nBagging, rolls, 15,875.\\nCement, bbls, 600.\\nWater Pipe, pieces, 916.\\nBrick, 10,200.\\nSulphur, tons, 437.\\nRailroad Iron, rails, 2,785.\\nMerchandize, pkgs, 143,601\\nShoes, cases, 3,776.\\nBarrels, empty, 21,346.\\nGuano, sacks, 40,510.\\nExpress Steamboat Company.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Capital $50,000.\\nWilmington and Fayetteville.\\ncapacity.\\nD. Murchison, 1,000 barrels.\\nWave, 800\\nCOST.\\n122,000.\\nIron Hull\\n13,000.\\n(I u", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "114 wilmington, north cakolina.\\nCape Fear and People s Steamboat Company.\\nCapital $75,000.\\nWilmington and Fayetteville.\\ncapacity.\\nCOST.\\nGov. Worth,\\n1,200 barrels.\\n145,000.\\nIron hull.\\nA. P. Hurt,\\n400\\n17,000.\\nu u\\nNorth State,\\n700\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a217,000.\\nWooden\\nBy these two lines we have a daily (except Sunday) boat,\\nand on Tuesdays and Fridays, two boats.\\nWilmington and Fayetteville.\\ncapacity. cost.\\nBladen, 500 barrels. $6,000. Wooden Hull.\\nWilmington and Point Casw^ell.\\ncapacity. cost.\\nJohn Dawson, 350 barrels. $6,500. Wooden Hull.\\nWilmington and Smitiiville.\\nCAPACITY\\\\ cost.\\nPassport, 250 passengers. 18,000. Wooden Hull.\\nMinnehaha, 200 7,000.\\nIMPROVEMENTS OF CAPE FEAR RIVER BETWEEN\\nWILMINGTON AND FAYETTEVILLE.\\nFrom a report of Capt. James Mercur, in charge of the\\nwork, I learn that an examination or survey of this part of\\nthe Cape Fear was directed by the River and Harbor Act of\\nCongress, June 14, 1882.\\nThe improvements proposed consisted in the removal of\\nsnags and logs, the clearing away of overhanging trees on\\nthe banks, a small amount of dredging, and the construc-\\ntion of jetties or dykes. The total estimated cost of the", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 115\\nwork proposed was about $56,000, which, however, was only\\nfor a part of the work that will be required for the entire\\nportion of the river in need of improvement. The Act of\\nMarch 3, 1881, appropriated $30,000 with a proviso that\\n$10,000 of this sum was to be expended in extinguishing\\nbefore December 1, 1881, the interest or franchise of the\\nDeep River Navigation Company, which claimed the right\\nto collect tolls, c under its State charter which after a\\ncareful investigation by Capt. Mercur, of the Engineer\\nDepartment, was expended in full accordingly.\\nIn June, 1882, work upon the river was begun under the\\ndirection of Capt. W. H. James, Civil Engineer of Wil-\\nmington, and is still in progress, clearing the channel of\\nsuch obstructions as sunken logs, snags, stumps and fallen\\ntrees, and in cutting and hauling back from the banks over-\\nhanging trees on the channel side, which were liable to fall,\\nor damage the upper works of steamers, thrown by the set\\nof the current near the banks.\\nThe further work contemplated by the Engineer is to\\nreduce the width of the river channel at 22 Shoals, (lying\\nbetween Fayetteville and Cypress Shoals, a distance of 52\\nmiles) by the use of jetties of timber, plank and scantling,\\nwhich are intended to scour the narrowest channel to a\\ndepth of about 4 feet at ordinary low water.\\nThere is also some blasting of sandstone rock, dangerous\\nto navigation at points between the limits referred to.\\nEvery freshet brings down trees, logs, snags, and other\\ndebris, which will necessitate a moderate amount of work\\nin removing obstructions from year to year and even if\\nthe river was satisfactorily scoured and jettied, new shoals\\nare likely to form at other points, requiring attention in\\nfuture. Probably, with this in view, a further appropria--\\ntion was made by Congress, in August, 1882, of 135,000,\\nthe use of which, it is thought, will greatly facilitate the\\nnavigation of this imi)ortant and historic stream.\\nAs a matter of interest in this connection Ihave appendjpd", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "116 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nthe following report of Mr. George H. Elliot, U. S. Engineer,\\nwhich is so complete in detail as to require no further\\nreference to the subject.\\n]S oRFOLK, Va., January 24th, 1881.\\nCaptain\\nI have the honor to submit herewith report of the exam-\\nination of the Ca]3e Fear River, North Carolina, between\\nWilmington and Fayetteville, made in compliance with\\nyour instructions in the early part of the present month.\\nThis examination was for the purpose of ascertaining the\\ncost and i^racticability of clearing away logs and over-\\nhanging trees, and of dredging out such shoals as inter-\\nfere with commerce.\\nA survey of this river was made in 1871, when that por-\\ntion of it now under consideration was carefully sounded.\\nIt was thought that no material change had taken i)lace in\\nthe general character since that time, and that a resurvey\\nwould be unnecessary and the testimony of pilots and\\nothers conversant with the river, is to this effect. The\\nexamination was therefore limited to ascertaining, so far\\nas j)racticable, the number of snags, sunken logs, and\\noverhanging trees to be removed.\\nA freshet which had commenced to raise the water in the\\nriver, prevented the observations being as thorough as was\\ndesirable, but it is believed that the information obtained\\nfrom pilots and captains is as satisfactory with regard to\\nthe objects at present in view, as could be had except from\\nan expensive survey, which would have to include the\\ndragging of the river, to ascertain with any exactness the\\nnumber of sunken logs and snags. Under these circum-\\nstances, trips were made up and down the river between\\nWilmington and Fayetteville, when notes were taken as to\\nthe locality of such snags, c., as they (the pilots) had\\nknowledge of these are indicated on the charts herewith.\\n(11 in number), which are tracings of the maj^s of the\\nsurvey of 1871, with such slight changes as have been found", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 117\\nnecessary. A tabulated list of the snags is also given at\\nthe end of this report.\\nIn addition to the snags, c., which are individually\\nmentioned, there are several stretches of the river where\\nsuch obstructions exist these are also stated in the list.\\nThe overhanging trees are very frequent from Fayetteville\\nfor some sixty miles down the river below that they are\\nless so. Few of the trees are large, and at present they\\ndo not much obstruct navigation, but their tendency is to\\nfall into the river when the banks are weakened by the\\naction of the freshet water; for this reason a large number\\nof them ought to be removed.\\nThe b\u00c2\u00abd of the river for some 66 miles below Fayetteville\\nis composed almost entirely of sand, which is constantly\\nchanging in position from the action of freshets. During\\nthe Summer months the volume of water is insufficient to\\ngive a continuous channel, the river then presenting a\\nsuccession of sand bars and shoals, with occasional deep\\nwater, principally in the bends.\\nAny improvement, to be permanent, will necessitate the\\ncontraction of the channel way in many of the straight\\nreaches over a large portion of the distance named.\\nWith the exception of one place (Thames Shoal), dredging\\nwould be useless, as the first freshet would fill up any\\nchannel excavated through the shifting sand. Thames\\nShoal is a bed of pipe-clay, through which it is proposed to\\ndredge a channel of 60 feet in width to a depth of 5 feet at\\nlow summer water.\\nThe bed of the river contains, also, many sunken logs,\\nunder the sand in some cases, as is stated by the pilots\\nwho have been engaged in removing snags, c. overlying\\neach other to what extent cannot well be ascertained\\nexcept by actual operations in removing them.\\nThe im2-)rovements needed in the river are confined prin-\\ncipally to the 75 miles from Fayetteville down over\\nthis entire portion the banks need trimming of the over-\\nhanging trees, and snags and logs should be removed from", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "118 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nthe river-bed. To accomplish this work will require the\\nemployment of a hoister with the necessary appliances for\\ndragging the bottom to find and raise snags, c. This work\\ncan only be done satisfactorily at a low stage of water, and\\nwill cost about $500 per mile an estimate for this sum is\\nsubmitted.\\nAs previously stated, there is no continuous channel\\nfor some 60 miles, and to x rovide one will require the con-\\ntraction of the water-way. I am not prepared to submit an\\nestimate for this entire work, but respectfully suggest that\\nan amount of $5,000 be appropriated for the construction\\nof experimental jetties or dikes of cheap character, to be\\nplaced at right angles to the axis of the stream, at inter-\\nvals, from either side, to be built a little above the ordinary\\nlow summer water, and to be placed first in the shoalest of\\nthe straight reaches. Dikes of piles wattled between have\\nproved quite successful in other rivers of similar character,\\nand can be constructed for about $1 per running foot. An\\nestimate is also submitted for the excavation of a channel\\nthrough Thames Shoal (previously mentioned).\\nI would mention, incidentally, that while on the river,\\nthe Steamer Gorier nor Worth struck a log which had lodged\\nih a tree near Council s Bluff, and, after running about 1^\\nmiles, sunk the locality of the wreck is indicated on chart.\\nShe will doubtless be raised by her owners as soon the\\nfreshet subsides.\\nESTIMATE.\\nFor clearing 75 miles of river, at $500 i)er mile, $37,500\\nFor dredging at Thames Shoal channel, 1,900 feet\\nby GO feet, 15,000 cubic yards, at 40 cents, 0,000\\nFor construction of experimental dike, say 5,000\\nlinear feet, at $1 per foot, 5,000\\n$48,500\\nAnd for contingencies and engineering, 15 jiercent, 7,275\\nTotal, $55,775", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 119\\nFayetteville, the head of steamboat navigation proper, is\\nsituated about a mile from the river, 113 miles above\\nWilmington. It is a nourishing town, with a popluation of\\nsome 7,000 and is, next to Wilmington, the principal depot\\nfor naval stores in the State. Within a few miles, are\\nseveral cotton and woolen mills, and others are now\\nprojected. For miles, in either direction, turpentine\\ndistilleries are found. Cotton is raised to a considerable\\nextent in the vicinity it is estimated that 10,000 bales will\\nbe brought in for shipment this season, and the production\\nis continually increasing. There is also quite an extensive\\nindustry in flouring mills, the product of which is shipiied\\nin considerable quantities. Five steamers are regularly\\nengaged plying between Wilmington and Fayetteville\\nthese, with one exception (the Go-oernor Worth, a side-wheel\\nsteamer), are stern-wheel boats, with a load-draught of\\nsomething less than 4 feet. There is also railroad commu-\\nnication with the seaboard via Raleigh and Weldon, at\\nNorfolk. Full statistics of the commerce of Fayetteville\\nand the river generally were expected to be furnished by\\nparties engaged in the shipping interests, but have not yet\\nbeen received. This is to be regretted, as from what the\\nwriter learned in conversation, they would show a very\\nmarked increase over those obtained in 1871.\\nThe only town between Wilmington and Fayetteville is\\nElizabeth, the county seat of Bladen a small population\\nis scattered in the vicinity, engaged in the manufacture of\\nnaval stores, which are brought here for shipment. River\\nlandings are very numerous, there being about one hundred\\non the river, most of which are places for shipment of the\\nstaple of this section.\\n-5^ f:\\nVery respectfully, your obedient servant,\\nGEO. H. ELLIOT, Assistant Engineer.\\nCapt. Chas. B. Phillips,\\nCorps of Engineers U. S. A.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "120 WILMINGTON, NOETII CAROLINA.\\nLILLINGTON RIVER IMPROVEMENTS.\\nCaptain W. H. James, Engineer, is entrnsted with this\\nwork, for which the General Government has api)ropiiated\\n$6,000.\\nUntil a petition was sent to Congress for improvements,\\nthis stream was known as Long Creek. The improvements\\nconsist in clearing out snags and logs, cutting down over-\\nhanging trees, and the dredging off of a few abruj^t points,\\nwith the intention of securing five feet of navigable water\\nfrom the mouth of the river, where it empties into the Cape\\nFear, to the village of Lillington, about eleven miles\\nabove.\\nThis stream is very tortuous, and the natural course is\\nsimilar to a double inverted S. The engineers propose to\\ncut through the loops of the S, and dredge the channel,\\nthus saving both distance and expense.\\nInstead of a gradual slope downwards, towards the\\nbottom of the channel, the banks overhang the stream, and\\nthe slope above the river surface being soft clay, retards\\nthe progress of flats and rafts, and renders the river other-\\nwise diificult of navigation, which these cut-offs are intended\\nto obviate.\\nThe estimate for the work is $6,003.75, and the following\\nletter from Captain Phillips, to the Chief of Engineers,\\nwill convey a correct idea of its importance to our city\\nUnited States Engineer s Office,\\nNorfolk, Va., January 29, 1881. f\\nGeneral:\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Your letter of the 17th of June, 1880,\\nplaced me in charge of the examination or survey of Lil-\\nlington River, North Carolina, provided for in the last\\nriver and harbor appropriation act of Congress. I entrusted\\nthe examination to a party in charge of Assistant J. P.\\nDarling, who took up and completed the field work during\\nthe month of August last.\\nHis report, as well as tracings, two in number, from his\\noriginal map, exhibiting the present condition of the river,", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 121\\nand the localities of the proposed improvements, are\\nrespectfully transmitted herewith.\\nLillington River is a tributary to the northeast branch of\\nthe Cai^e Fear River, emptying into the latter from the\\nwest, at a point about twelve miles above the city of\\nWilmington, North Carolina.\\nTransportation upon the river is at present limited to\\nrafts of timber and flat-boats, loaded chiefly with naval\\nstores and cord-wood.\\nAbove the village of Lillington, a little over eleven miles\\nfrom the mouth of the river, it appears to be impracticable\\nto attempt any improvement of the river or at least the\\namount of trade, both present and prospective, does not\\nseem to warrant any expenditure upon the portion of the\\nriver in question.\\nBelow the village of Lillington, and from thence to the\\nmouth of the river, the trade is of more importance, and\\nit would no doubt be greatly stimulated if the produce of\\nthe vicinity could be reached by light-draught steamboats.\\nThe obstructions to a 5-foot navigation, outside of a few\\nsnags and leaning trees, consist solely in a few abrupt\\nbends, which can be rectified at a slight expense by\\ndredging at six points, which are indicated upon the accom-\\npanying tracings.\\nMr. Darling s estimate for the whole work, including\\ndredging and the removal of snags and other obstructions,\\namounts to but $6,000. The estimate seems to be low, but\\nas he has allowed a large margin for contingencies, I think\\nthe amount sufficient to cover the cost of the desired im-\\nprovements and it appears to me that the amount might\\nwell be devoted to developing the section of country adja-\\ncent to the river.\\nLillington River is in the collection district of Wil-\\nmington, North Carolina. 4t\\nI am. General, very respectfy, your ob*t serv t,\\nCHAS. B. PHILLIPS.\\nCaptain of Engineers.\\nThe Chief of Engineers U. S. A:", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "122 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nDRY DOCKS.\\nThe Empire Sectional Dock was built in tliis place several\\nyears ago by the present proprietors, Messrs. J. R. Blossom\\nEvans, at a cost of about $34,000.\\nThe dock, which is considered one of the best in the\\nSouth, comprises three sections, thirty feet wide and\\nseventy feet long, equal to about 1,200 tons. The keel\\nroom is at present only 150 long, but other sections will be\\nadded in case of need. Until our bar and river improve-\\nment work will admit a much larger class of vessels than\\nare now trading to AVilmington, the Empire Dock affords\\nample facilities.\\nThe rates for sailing vessels are 25 cents per ton for\\ntaking up, with no further charge until the expiration of\\ntwenty-four hours, when the rate for each subsequent day\\nis 12^ cents per ton.\\nSteamers and vessels with cargo on board are charged\\nhigher rates, in proportion to their weight. There is\\nalso a\\nMARINE RAILWAY,\\nlong established, in the lower part of the harbor, and now\\nleased by Capt. S. W. Skinner, whose facilities are ample,\\nand the charges about the same as thos^ of the Empire\\nDock.\\nWILMINGTON WELDON RAILROAD.\\nThis railroad was i^rojected solely by the Wilmington\\npeople, and completed in 1836. Its length is from Wil-\\nmington to Weldon, 163 miles, through New Hanover,\\nPender, Dux)lin, Wayne, Wilson, Edgecombe, Nash and\\nHalifax counties, with branch roads from Rocky Mount\\nto Tarboro, a distance of 17 miles, and from Halifax to\\nScotland Neck, 20 miles. It is beyond question the best\\nequipped, and most successfully managed road in the\\nSouth, and will compare favorably with any Northern", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 123\\nrailroad for travelling comfort and speed, as well as in its\\nfacilities for the dispatch of freight business, and in the\\nefficiency of its employes. In response to my request for\\ninformation upon matters of interest discussed by the\\nExchange at a previous meeting. President Bridgers has\\nmade the following reply, from which it would appear that\\nthe complaints of discrimination against Wilmington upon\\nthe local tariff are hardly justified by the facts\\nIn consequence of the enquiries made of me by you a\\nfew days ago, I instructed our Auditor to make a minute\\nanalysis of the rates we nov^^ have, as com^Dared with those\\nin existence before the war. I enclose his letter, showing\\nthe reductions between Wilmington and local stations.\\nWe could have gone much more into detail on the various\\nitems, but it would have made too long a document for\\nyour consideration.\\nWe have no hesitation in saying that the average diminu-\\ntion of these rates is about 40 j)er cent. The reduction in\\nrates has been much more rapid than the increase of\\ntonnage.\\nSo much has been said about the difference between\\nthrough and local shipments, that I will refer briefly\\nto the causes therefor.\\nFrom the closest comjjarison we can make, we find the\\ncost of transporting local freights, with the extra handling\\nand other incidental expenses added, is about 2|- times the\\ncost of transi)orting through freight. To illustrate, a\\nthrough train, having to make no stops, goes from Wil-\\nmington to Weldon in one day. A local train requires two\\ndays. A local train burns more fuel in a day than a\\nthrough train, and requires about three times as many\\nlaborers.\\nThus, you see, one through train does as much work as\\ntwo locals, the latter being run at a much greater expense\\nby increase of fuel and labor.\\nIf you wish to look into the details of our operations", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "124 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nfor tlie last year, you will find them pablislied in our\\nannual reports, copies of wliicli are herewith enclosed.\\nWilmington, N. C, February 13th, 1883.\\nHon. R. E. Bridgers, President:\\nSir As requested by you, I have examined the freight\\nrates on the Wilmington Weldon Railroad, and find that\\nreductions have been made on all classes of goods from the\\nrates in effect before the war. I cannot find any rates on\\ncotton and lumber earlier than 1869, at which time the\\nrates on other freights were similar to those in effect before\\nthe war the high rates having been cut down to those of\\n1860.\\nThe following will show the reductions between Wilming-\\nton and local stations\\nREDUCED.\\n1^ irst class freight in 1882, compared with 1860, 53 per cent.\\nFreight on Bacon, 60\\nSalt, 53\\nFlour, 24\\nCotton, 1869, 24\\nLumber 26\\nAverage reduction on all classes, from rates of 1860, 40\\nper cent.\\nYours Respectfully,\\n\\\\V. A. RIACH,\\nGeneral Auditor.\\nThe reduction in rates (40 per cent.), claimed by Presi-\\ndent Bridgers should not be taken as exceptional. I have\\nascertained that the same ratio of reduction obtains upon\\nother roads in the South, and that the proportion is very\\nmuch greater in favor of Northern railways.\\nComparing the rates on New York railroads in 1860,\\nupon such articles as bacon, salt, fiour and cotton, with\\nthose now current, I find an average reduction of nearly\\n70 per cent., or 30 per cent more than on the Wilmington", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 125\\nWeldon Railroad. Such a comparison would be mani-\\nfestly unfair, however, when the volume of traffic and num-\\nber of competing lines are so much greater in the North.\\nPresident Bridgers last annual report, November 21st,\\n1882, sliows\\nGross earnings, S 783,790.27\\nTotal expenses, 574,318.30\\nLeaving a net of 209,471.98\\nThe receipts show an increase of $32,873.43 which is made\\nup as follows\\nThrough Freight, 1,033.88\\nPassengers, 16,877.07\\nLocal Passengers, 24,042.30\\nMail and Express, 11,930.97 $53,884.22\\nDecrease in Local Freight, 21,010.79\\nNet Increase, $32,873.43\\nLarge expenditures have been made during the year in\\nbetterments\u00e2\u0080\u0094 bridges, warehouses, new cars and engines-\\namounting to $121,749.16.\\nAlso a large quantity of material for the erection of\\nmachine shops at Wilmington, which has been paid for.\\nIt is very necessary that improvements should be made\\nat Tarboro, during this year, and that the warehouse at\\nWilmington be built, and machine shops completed. So\\nmuch of the old iron rail has been replaced with steel that\\nin future the expenses of this important item will be mate-\\nrially diminished.\\nNew sleeping cars have been contracted for and will be\\ndelivered on or before the first of January. They will be\\nfurnished with all the modern improvements, and will add\\nvery much to the attractiveness of this route and to the\\ncomfort of its passengers^", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "126 WILMINGTON NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThe track of the main line has been very much im-\\nproved in every respect during the year and is inline condi-\\ntion.\\nThe road from Scotland Neck to Halifax has been com-\\npleted at a cost of $79,950.58, and was regularly opened\\nfor the transaction of business on the 1st day of October,\\n1882. Its track is laid with forty pound steel rail and is\\nnow in good running condition, and the road is doing a\\nvery fair business.\\nThere has been an exemption from accidents, due to the\\ngood condition of the track and machinery, and the faithful\\ndischarge of the duties of the employes in the various\\ndepartments.\\nADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT.\\nR. R. Bridgers, President.\\nB. F. Newcomer, Vice-President.\\nJ. W. Thompson, Secretary and Treasurer.\\nBOARD OF DIRECTORS.\\nW. T. Walters, A. J. DeRosset,\\nB. F. Newcomer, Donald MacRae,\\nS. M. Shoemaker, E. B. Borden,\\nH. B. Plant, W. H. Willard,\\nH. Walters, GtEORge Howard.\\nEXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.\\nJohn F. Divine, General Superintendent.\\nSol. Haas, Traffic Manager.\\nT. M. Emerson, Gen l Freight and Passenger Ag t.\\nW. A. RiACH, General Auditor.\\nJohn R. Latta, Assistant Auditor.\\nJames Knight, Master of Transportation.\\nJohn Bisset, Master of Machinery.\\nJohn Barry, Road Master.\\nE. F. Cason, Store-Keeper,", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 127\\nTHE WILMINGTON, COLUMBIA AUGUSTA RAILROAD.\\nThis road is 189 miles in length, and passes from Wil-\\nmington into South Carolina, through Brunswick and\\nColumbus counties, North Carolina, and continues its route\\nthrough Marion, Darlington, Sumter and Richland coun-\\nties, South Carolina.\\nThe President s annual report, dated November 21, 1882,\\ngives the following\\nThe gross receipts for the year are $692,628.52, being an\\nincrease of $51,672.22 over those of the preceding year,\\nwhich is made up as follows\\nThrough Freight 6.59\\nLocal Freight 20,578.41\\nThrough Passengers 9,704.64\\nLocal Passengers 8,272.02\\nMail and Express 13,110.56\\nTotal increase $51,672.22\\nThe expenses are $553,036.57, in addition to which the\\nfollowing amounts have been paid for improvements\\nTwo New Engines 25,898.10\\nOne Hundred and Fifty Box Cars. .$88,471.50\\nTwo Baggage Cars 4,986.00\\nTwo Postal Cars 7,412.56 100,870.06\\nWarehouse at Timmonsville 4,865.09\\nWhiteville 4, 536. 85\\nWilmington 12,773.45 22,175.39\\nTotal $148,943.55\\nAlso 2,200 tons of steel rail and necessary fastenings have\\nbeen put in the track.\\nFor the present year we will not require more than 1,000\\ntons of rail, less than one-half of the quantity used last\\nyear. It is a subject of congratulation that we have replaced\\niron with steel rail to such an extent that the expenditures", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "128 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nfor rail will be considerably less than for several years\\npast.\\nWith the increased equipment, which was completed\\nabout the close of the fiscal year, increased recei^Dts may\\nbe expected another year. The receipts would have been\\nlarger with more motive power and a larger number of\\nfreight and passenger cars. It is submitted whether it\\nwould not be policy to buy two locomotive engines and\\nfour passenger cars during the current year.\\nThe warehouse at Wilmington, so long needed, will be\\ncompleted in a few weeks, and will fully meet the require-\\nments of the business.\\nContracts have been made for the thorough equipment\\nof tlie Roads constituting the Atlantic Coast Line with new\\nPullman Sleeping Cars, and this Company s proportion of\\nthe cost of the same will be about $48,000.00, to meet\\nwhich, and to furnish two additional locomotive engines\\nand new passenger cars, it will become necessary to increase\\nthe floating debt or to suspend dividends for a limited time.\\nThe tonnage in freights has largely increased, and but\\nfor a general reduction in rates, would have given much\\nlarger net receipts.\\nThe Central Railroad of South Carolina, which has been\\nleased jointly by this Company and the North Eastern\\nRail Road Company, was delivered to the Lessees on A pril\\n1st, 1882. Considerable expenditures were necessary to\\nperfect its new road-bed, quite equalling what would have\\nbeen required for an old road-bed. The receipts will ai)pear\\nfrom the Superintendent s Report. The net above rental\\nand operating expenses has been 83,009.02.\\nThe Central Road has diverted considerable business at\\nSumter and other near stations from this Road, the profits\\non which diverted traffic have been about made up by the\\nadditional business received at Columbia. No regular\\nthrough i^assenger trains have been run between Charleston\\nand Columbia because of the deficiency of motive power\\nand cars.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 129\\nThis Road lias been remarkably free from accidents, due\\nto its good condition and the efficient discharge of the duties\\nof the various officers and employes of the sevei al\\ndepartments.\\nAbstract from the Superintendent s Report,\\nWilmington, Columbia Augusta R. R. Co.,\\nGeneral Superintendent s Office,\\nWilmington, N. C, November 21, 1882.\\nHON. R. R. BRIDGERS, President Wilmington, Colum\\nbia Augusta Rail Road Company\\nSir The following report of the operations of this\\nCompany, for the fiscal year ending 3()th September, 1882,\\nis respectfully submitted\\nRECEIPTS AND EXPENDITURES.\\nRECEIPTS.\\nFrom Through Passengers I 89,177 45\\nLocal 80,789 69-1169,967 14\\nThrough Freight $120,431 36\\nLocal 304,305 77\u00e2\u0080\u0094 424,737 13\\nExpress 10,426 10\\nU. S. Mail 68,269 35\\nTelegraph 1,098 18\\nRent of Old Rail 3,009 51\\nMinor Sources 25,121 11\\nTotal $692,628 52\\nEXPENSES.\\nConducting Transportation $100,892 23\\nMotive Power 124,795 57\\nMaintenance of Cars 70,049 95\\nMaintenance of Roadway 218,841 t^b\\nGeneral Expenses 38,457 27-$553,036 57\\nNet Receipts $139,591 95\\nJOHN F. DIVINE,\\nGeneral Superintendent.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "130 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nADMINISTRATIVE DEPARTMENT.\\nR. R. Bripgers, President.\\nW. T. Walters, Vice-President.\\nJ. W. Thompson Secretary and Treasurer.\\nBOARD OF DIRECTORS.\\nW. T. Walters, J. D. Cameron,\\nS. M. Shoemaker, George S. Brown,\\nB. F. Newcomer, H. B. Plant,\\nGeorge C. Jenkins, R. R. Bridgers.\\nEnoch Pratt, H. B. Short.\\nEXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.\\nJohn F. Divine General Superintendent.\\nSol. Haas Traffic Manager.\\nT. M. Emerson, Gen l Freight and Passenger Agent.\\nW. A. RiACH General Auditor.\\nJohn R. Latta Assistant Auditor.\\nJames Knight. Master of Transportation.\\nJohn Bisset Master of Machinery.\\nPeter Laughlin Road Master Eastern Division.\\nA. N. Freeland Road Master Western Division.\\nE. F. Cason Store-Keeper.\\nthe CAROLINA CENTRAL RAILROAD.\\nTlie Wilmington, Charlotte Rutherford Railroad was\\nchartered February 13, 1855, and built 103 miles on the\\nEastern Division, and to Lincolnton, on the AVestern\\nDivision, before the war. It was sold April 10, 1873, and\\nreorganized as the Carolina Central Railway Company, and\\ncompleted to Charlotte and Shelby in the latter j^tart of\\n1874, comprising a total distance of 242 miles.\\nThe Carolina Central Mailioay was sold May 31, 1880,\\nand reorganized as the Carolina Central Rail ^oa*^ Com-\\npany July 14, 1880.\\nIt traverses the counties of New Hanover, Brunswick,", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOETH CAEOLINA. 131\\nColumbus, Bladen, Robeson, Richmond, Anson, Union,\\nMecklenburg, Gaston, Lincoln and Cleaveland a section\\nhighly productive of Tarj)entine, Cotton, and other articles\\nof export; the class and style of Cotton grown in Anson\\nand Union counties being superior to that of any other\\nsection of the State.\\nThe Directors and Officers are as follows\\nDIRECTORS.\\nJ. S. Whedbee Baltimore.\\nC. M. Stedman Wilmington.\\nW. W. CiiAMBEKLAiNE Portsmouth.\\nR. S. Tucker Raleigh,\\nJ. M. Robinson Baltimore.\\nD. W. Oates Charlotte.\\nJ. C. Winder Raleigh.\\nM. P. Leak Wadesboro.\\nR. C. Hoffman Baltimore.\\nJ. L. Minis Baltimore.\\nSevern Eyre Baltimore.\\nOFFICERS.\\nJ. M. Robinson President.\\nJ. C. Winder Greneral Manager.\\nL. C. Jones Superintendent.\\nF. W. Clark General Freight and Passenger Agent.\\nA. J. Howell Auditor.\\nJames Anderson Treasurer.\\nW. H. Allen Master of Transportation.\\nCLINTON AND POINT CASWELL RAILROAD.\\nThis is a railway projected from Point Caswell to Clinton,\\nthe county seat of Sampson, via Kerr s Landing and Har-\\nrell s Store, connecting with the daily steamers from Point\\nCaswell, on Black River, with Wilmington, 28 miles\\ndistant, for the purpose of bringing the produce of Pender\\nand Sampson counties to this market.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "132 WILMINGTOI^r, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThe Railroad was cliartered by our last Legislature,\\nFebruary 1883, capital stock $150,000, of wliicli $32,500\\nhas been subscribed. The charter requires that the Road\\nshall be comj)leted within two years, and proposals are\\nadvertised for the work, which will begin at once. The\\nofiicers are as follows\\nF. W. Kerchner, President.\\nE. W. Kerr, Vice-President.\\nJ. H. BoATWRiGHT, Secretary and Treasurer.\\nJ. D. O Hanlan, Chief Engineer.\\nTHE DUPLIN CANAL COMPANY\\nwas chartered by the Legislature in 1874. In 1873 a project\\nto direct the IN orth East River (Cape Fear Branch) into a\\nstraight channel by a canal through Angola Pocosin, by\\nway of Bannerman s, to the mouth of Goshen Swamp, and\\nthereby draining 121,000 acres of overflowed and valuable\\nland in Pender and Duiolin counties, was undertaken by\\nMajor Young, Engineer, resulting in the appointment by a\\nnumber of Wilmington gentlemen of Mr. A. R. Black and\\nMr. W. L. Young as a Committee to make a careful survey\\nof the route proposed and report upon its feasibility.\\nTHE DUPLIN canal.\\n[Report of A. R. Black, Esq., in regard to the feasibility\\nof the Enterprise.]\\nMessrs. Edward Kidder and others\\nGrENTLEMEN About the 10th of November, in company\\nwith Major Wilton L. Young, I set about to make reconnois-\\nsance of the Valley of the North East River, jDreparatory, as\\nI understand, to locating a canal for shortening distances,\\nimproving the navigation and draining the swamp lands\\nalong and contiguous to the river also for the further pur-\\n2)ose of collecting all the information I could as to the\\ncharacter of the country and its resources.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTOlSr, NORTH CAROLINA. 133\\nIn order to its being better understood, I found it neces-\\nsary to prepare\\nA MAP\\nin connection with this report.\\nThe map has been carefully drawn, and is founded on\\nthe best information that could be obtained without an\\nactual survey.\\nThe location of the river has been determined, generally,\\nby certain known directions and distances between places\\non the river and railroad. The meanderings of the river\\nwere given by persons in the neighborhoods, who professed\\nto be familiar with its curves, which are not fancy sketches,\\nbut are believed to approximate the truth. The contour of\\nthe country, and general quality of the lands, together with\\nthe growth of timber, when seen, are represented as they\\nappeared, and when not seen, they are represented accord-\\ning to descriptions given by persons well acquainted with\\nthe country.\\nThe entire feasibility of constructing\\nTHE CANAL\\nwill readily suggest itself as soon as a glimpse is taken of\\nthe parallel red lines on the map, running from the mouth\\nof Goshen, in a southerly direction, along the margin of\\nthe flat lands on the western side of the river to Fed s\\nLanding, a distance of about sixteen miles thence across\\nthe river and down the swamp in a westerly direction one-\\nhalf mile, to Burton s old field thence in a southerly\\ndirection across the main divide at Burton s old field,\\nto the mouth of Fishing Branch, about one mile thence\\nin the same direction across the upper end of Gum Swamp\\nand along the eastern margin of Angola Pocosin thence\\nin the same direction across Holly Shelter Creek and North\\nEast River to Peggy s Island an entire distance from the\\nmouth of Goshen to Peggy s Island of about thirty-one\\nmiles.*\\n\u00e2\u0099\u00a6Reported distance by the course of the river: Mouth of Goshen to Sarecta 20\\nmiles, thence to Hallsvi lie 16 miles, thence to Chinquepin 25 miles, thence to Bowses\\n16 miles, thence to Kafting Oak 15 miles, thence to Abe s Point 20 miles, thence to\\nBannerman s 9 miles, thence to Peggy s Island G miles\u00e2\u0080\u0094 in all iU miles.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "134 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nNo serious obstacles api^ear to be presented to tlie con-\\nstruction of the canal. I^early all the ground on which it\\nis located, from the mouth of Goshen to Burton s\\nold field, is overflowed in high freshets the i )ortions not\\noverflowed being low islands, scarcely rising above the water.\\nAt Burton s old field there is a low divide, which, lam\\ninformed, diiring the recent September freshet, only lacked\\nsix or seven feet of being covered. From thence to Peggy s\\nIsland the cutting will appear plain and simple.\\nThis route is taken only as a sample others may be\\nselected equally practicable, and perhaps more so, when\\nthe test of instruments is applied. It appears that, in\\nreality, there is not much room for a display of great skill\\nin engineering. Almost any old woman can do the\\nengineering.\\nTHE SWAMP LANDS\\nto be affected by the drainage are extensive, and most of\\nthem very rich. This will also appear by an inspection of\\nthe map. I heard the remark repeated several times, by\\nintelligent men in Duplin county, that the drainage of all\\nthe swamps in the county would be benefited by the canal,\\nexcept two small streams west of the railroad, Stewart s\\nCreek and Turkey Creek. I found the swamps more\\nextensive and much richer than I expected. I have never\\nseen better lands than those of Grum Swamp and Goshen\\nSwamp, not to mention other bodies equally good. An\\nabundance of marl is generally found underlying or con-\\ntiguous to the swamps. The growth is principally black\\ngum, sweet gum, cypress and ash, much of the cypress\\nbeing very fine. I estimate that if the rich swamplands of\\nDuplin county were laid down in one body, they would\\nconstitute a belt of swamp one mile wide by seventy miles\\nlong. If the grow^th of timber could be separated and laid\\ndown in different bodies, I think it would average nearly\\nas follows: cypress would occupy about fifteen miles of\\nthe belt, black gum about the same, sweet gum about five", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 135\\nmiles, ash about five miles, poplar about two miles, maple\\ntwo miles, spruce i)ine two miles, hickory two miles, birch\\none mile, and holly one mile. The map will show where\\nbodies of timber may be found.\\nTHE UPLANDS\\nhave generally a clay subsoil. I think it would be safe to\\nsay that two-thirds of the land in Duplin county has a clay\\nsubsoil. Most of this land produces good crops, and is\\nadmirably adapted to improvement, and with the vast\\namount of muck and marl intersjDersed throughout the\\ncountry, almost every foot of this land may be made rich.\\nWhat a tidal wave of prosperity awaits Duplin county\\nwhen her swamps can be reclaimed and her people become\\nfully awakened to the wonderful agricultural advantages\\nthat surround them.\\nWhen the Duplin Canal is constructed and it can only\\nbe a question of time when this shall be done, for sooner or\\nlater this Canal surely will be constructed Wilmington\\nwill be greatly benefited by it. This is no doubtful enter-\\nprise for Wilmington. It will not turn the products of the\\ncountry away from her, as some others have done, but as\\nsure as water runs down stream, it wall jDour them into her\\nlap. Cast your eye over the map and note the green chain\\nmarked Trade Line. See what a scope of country it\\nembraces. It sweeps along within fifteen miles of Golds-\\nboro, within twelve miles of Kinston, and within twenty-\\nfive miles of New Berne. What a splendid country this\\nis. This line marks out the section of country that is likely\\nto trade with Wilmington when the Duplin Canal is com-\\npleted. All along the route of the Canal will be found, in\\nPender county, also, large bodies of excellent land.\\nWe now come to speak of\\nthe pines! the STATELY, TOWERING PINES\\nHow shall we speak of them in terms sufficiently lauda-\\ntory They have been the mainstay of the people of all\\nthis region for over a hundred years, and are still profitable.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "136 WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAROLINA,\\nI am told that turpentine lands worked before the Revolu-\\ntionary War, still continue to j^ield profitable crops. By\\nthe time one growth of pines is worked off another springs\\nup. So that, for the production of turpentine, the forests\\nare not likely to be exhausted. But it is not so for\\nMILL TIMBER,\\nBetween the railroad and North East River most of the\\nlarge timber has been cut off, but still, in some places,\\nlarge bodies of excellent timber may be found, and a good\\ndeal of scattering timber throughout this region. Dr.\\nCalhoun Hill informed me that there was a very fine body\\nof heavy pines in the fork of Goshen and North East\\nRiver, supposed to be ten or twelve thousand acres in\\nextent. He also spoke of other fine bodies between these\\ntwo streams. He informed me that there was a splendid\\nbody of white oak and ash, reaching for ten miles along\\nGoshen Swamp, on the north side. Good timber was\\nreported on the south side of Goshen, on Nahungar Creek,\\nas also on Persimmon, on Maxwell, near the confluence of\\nElder and Stocking Head, and on both these streams, on\\nthe head waters of Grove, and on the back of Lochlin\\nPocosin.\\nOn the East side of North East River, between Cypress\\nCreek and Moore s Creek, on the east and south sides, and\\nMarl Swamp and Gum Swamp and the North East River,\\non the west and north, large bodies of excellent timber are\\nreported, some of which I saw.\\nOn the east side of Cypress Creek, and along the east side\\nof the North East Rivei*, after leaving the streams two to\\nfour miles, excellent forests of large timber are reported.\\nI saw the borders of some of these forests, which were very\\nfine. V^ast quantities of lightwood, suitable for the manu-\\nfacture of tan may be found throughout all the region east\\nof the North East River, also between Goshen and the\\nNorth East River.\\nWe found the people everywhere on our journey very", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 137\\nanxious for the Canal. They fully comprehend its impor-\\ntance to them. Its accomplishment is looked forward to\\nas the dawn of the good time to come and verily it will\\nbe so if it enables them to reclaim their swamp lands. The\\npeople were everywhere hospitable and obliging anxious\\nand willing to furnish any information in their power. We\\nare greatly indebted to them for many favors, and shall\\nalways retain very pleasant recollections of our Canal\\nexplorations.\\nIn conclusion, and not to repeat what has already been\\nsaid, by way of summary, we recommend to the very\\nfavorable consideration of Messrs. Kidder and others, the\\nconstruction of the Duplin Canal.\\nI am, gentlemen,\\nYour obedient servant,\\nA. K. BLACK,\\nESTI3IATE OF ACREAGE OF SWAMPS IN DUPLIN COUNTY.\\nIsland Creek 1,200\\nLochlin Pocosin 5,000\\nCypress Creek and tributaries 1,600\\nMuddy Creek 1,000\\nMaxwell Swamp and tributaries 5,000\\nBig and Little Limestoneand tributaries 3,000\\nGrove Swamp 1,500\\nPersimmon 500\\nDark Branch 300\\nHell Swamp GOO\\nGoshen Swamp and tributaries 12,000\\nBurnt CoatCreek.. 500\\nWildcat Creek 500\\nGreat Branch 400\\nGreen Swamp and part of Gum Swamp, in Duplin county 5,000\\nBack Swamp 3,000\\nNorth East River, in Duplin 10,000\\nTotal acreage in Duplin 51,000\\nDr. Blount, of Kenansville, aided me in .this estimate.\\nI estimate the swamps of Pender county at about 20,000\\nacres. A. R. B.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "138 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nI am indebted to that patient and indefatigable Engineer.\\nMajor W. L. Young, for tlie following statement with\\nreference to this work np to the present time. 25th March\\nMr. Black s report only refers to overflowed lands\\nbelonging to individuals, viz: 51,000 acres in Duplin, and\\n20,000 acres in Pender county making in all 71,000 acres.\\nThere would also be reclaimed 50,000 acres of State land\\nlying in the counties of Pender and Duplin\u00e2\u0080\u0094 making in all,\\nboth private and public lands, 121,000 acres that would be\\nreclaimed from overflow by the canal.\\nIt is more than probable that in all the Southern States\\nthere is not another locality where there is such an enor-\\nmous amount of overflowed land which could be reclaimed\\nby the cutting of a canal of only 30 miles in length.\\nThe xoracticability of the result is made plain when the\\nfact is taken into consideration, that the Northeast river\\nhas not only a very tortuous channel, but also makes enor-\\nmous bends which environ great bodies of land, and which\\nare overflowed during freshets, and which, also, submerge\\nall the tributary swamps.\\nOwing to this peculiar formation of the river, rafts and\\nfreshets are actually seven days in passing down the river\\nfrom the mouth of Goshen to Bannerman s, which by the\\nroute of the canal, is only 30 miles, while by the river it is\\n140 miles whereas, if the canal was constructed, and the\\nriver diverted to this new channel, the water flow would\\nbe reduced from seven days to ten hours and freshets\\nwould be a thing of the past.\\nAs a means of navigation, tliis canal would be of much\\nimportance to the great triangle or section of country lying\\nbetwen the coast and the Wilmington Weldon Railway,\\nsouth of the Neuse and Pamlico Sound, and also to the\\nisolated p)ortions of Pender, Onslow, Duplin, Wayne,\\nLenoir and Jones.\\nThe sluice way has been cut and the timber removed", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 139\\nmore or less for tlie distance of six miles, and a dam\\nperhaps the largest structure of the kind in eastern North\\nCarolina 442 feet long, has been constructed across Shelter\\nCreek. This dam, when repaired at one point, will be\\ncapable of holding 14 feet head of water, which can be\\nthrown at will into the sluiceway of the canal at various\\npoints, thus forcing the water of Shelter Creek to seek the\\nnew and direct channel of the canal.\\nThe northern terminus of the canal is within two miles of\\na natural fall of 17 feet. When this fall is reached, an outlet\\nwill be given for a great basin of over-flowed land that is\\nten miles long and from three to four miles wide, that would\\nbe reclaimed as the work progressed. And further, as soon\\nas this fall is gained, and the upper section of five miles of\\nthe canal is sluiced out so as to be navigable for barges,\\nthe Company would receive, without further extension of\\nthe work, annually, the tolls on 30,000 or 40,000 barrels\\nof naval stores, and upon timber and lumber. It should\\nbe remembered that all this is before the river is reached\\nat the flrst crossing by the canal.\\nThe officers of the company are as follows\\nWm. Larkins, President.\\nW. T. Bannerman, Vice-President.\\nJ. H. BoATWRiGiiT, Treasurer.\\nDavid Farrior, Pay Master.\\nW. L. Young, Saperintendent and Engineer.\\ninland water-way.\\nI am also informed by Major Young, that in the year\\n1874 a charter was granted by our State Legislature, for\\nan inland canal from the South Carolina line to Virginia.\\nThe scheme proposed is to avoid the dangers of Hatteras, by\\nconnecting the North East Cape Fear River and Chesa-\\npeake Bay.\\nA survey of this route was made by the United States", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "140 WILMINGTON NORTH CAIIOLINA.\\nGovernment in 1875, and it was ascertained to be practica-\\nble, and that by utilizing the 47 miles of the navigable river\\nof the IS orth East and other intermediate streams, it would\\nonly require about 40 miles of canal to connect Wilmington\\nwith Pamlico Sound and all the other inland water system\\nof ]?forth Carolina Croatan and Albemarle Sounds, the\\nNeuse, Tar, Roanoke and Chowan rivers, and also with\\nNorfolk and Baltimore, by the way of the Dismal Swamp\\nand Albemarle canals.\\nIt has further been ascertained, in connection with this\\nscheme, that it only requires four miles of canal at Oak\\nIsland, and five miles between Little River and AVaccaraaw\\nRiver, to connect the Cape Fear, Waccamaw, Pee Dee and\\nSantee rivers by an inland water route thus connecting\\nWilmington with Georgetown.\\nTHE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF WILMINGTON,\\nWas organized July 6, 1866\u00e2\u0080\u0094 the capital stock is\\n$250,000.\\ndikectoes.\\nDavid G. Worth, George Chadbourn,\\nJames Sprunt, Edwin E. Burruss,\\nAlfred Martin.\\nofficers.\\nE. E. Burruss, President.\\nA. K. Walker, Cashier.\\nThe following statement of Resources and Liabilities, on\\nDecember 23rd, 1882, shows the condition of its affairs at\\nthat date", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 141\\nStatement of the Condition of the First National Bank of Wilmington,\\nN. C, December 23rd, 1882.\\nRESOURCES\\nLoans and Discounts 8 613,642 31\\nU. S. Bonds to secure Circulation 50,000 00\\nOther Stocks, Bonds and Mortgages 75,111 60\\nDue from Banks and Bankers 103,246 70\\nCurrent Expenses 8,446 71\\nCash on Hand 85,610 99\\nReal Estate and Furniture and Fixtures 70,327 22\\n$1,012,385 53\\nLIABILITIES\\nCapital Stock 250,000 00\\nCirculation 44,990 00\\nSurplus Fund 37,160 19\\nUndivided Profits 59,351 29\\nDue Individual Depositors 591,037 05\\nDue Banks and Bankers 29,847 00\\n11,012,885 53\\nBANK OF NEW HANOVER.\\nThis organization was effected January 12th, 1872 the\\ncapital stock is $300,000.\\nThe following statement of its condition was published\\nFebruary 1st, 1883\\nStatement of Condition of Bank of New Hanover, including Branches,\\nFebruary ist, 1883.\\nRESOURCES:\\nLoans and Discounts 795,594 51\\nCasli in New York, Philadelphia, Boston and Baltimore Banks.f 98,624 53\\nCurrency and Specie 210,903 30\\nChecks on other Banks 6,527 78\u00e2\u0080\u0094 316,055 67\\nDue from other Banks not included above 88,648 51\\nSterling Exchange (value in Currency) 5,148 14\\nReal Estate 89,099 24\\nOffice Furniture and Safes 7,082 37\\nBonds and Stocks 2(,252 44\\nChecks and Drafts in Transit 14,445 97\\n$1,340.326 85\\nLIABILITIES:\\nCapital Stock 300,000 00\\nDue Depositors 915,296 32\\nDue other Banks 52,052 17\\nSurplus Fund 72,978 36\\n$1,340,326 85", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "142 WILMINGTON. NOKTII CAEOLINA.\\nStatemeut of Couditloix of Bank at AVllmlugton, February 1st, 1883.\\nRESOURCES:\\nLoans and Discounts SC33,062 62\\nCash In New York, Philadelphia, Boston and Baltimore Banks.? 83,639 10\\nCurrency and Specie 127,256 76\\nChecks on other Banks 6,527 78\u00e2\u0080\u0094 217,423 61\\nDue from other Banks not included above 53,908 58\\nSterling Exchange (value in Currency) 5,148 14\\nReal Estate 83,604 18\\nOffice Furniture and Safes 3,843 66\\nBonds and Stocks 7,723 J4\\n\u00c2\u00bb1,004,714 76\\nLIABILITIES\\nCapital Stock 225,000 00\\nDue Depositors 616,926 07\\nDue other Banks 49,025 64\\nDue other Branches of this Bank 78,043 73\\nSurplus Fund 35,719 32\\n81,004,714 76\\nStatement of Condltlou of Bank at Goldsboro, February 1st, 1883\\nRESOURCES\\nLoans and Discounts 8119,118 19\\nCash in New York and Baltimore Banks 8,936 48\\nClirrency and Specie 52,835 47\u00e2\u0080\u0094 61,771 93\\nDue from other Banks not included above 32,959 53\\nDue from other Branches of this Bank 23,764 05\\nReal Estate 5,495 06\\nOffice Furniture and Safes 1,877 il\\nWilmington Weldon R. R., Mortgage Bonds 16,528 50\\n8261,514 47\\nLIABILITIES\\nCapital Stock 8 50,000 00\\nDue Depositors 178,389 72\\nDue other Banks 2,\u00e2\u0082\u00ac10 82\\nSurplus Fund 30,513 93\\n_ 82 61,514 47\\nl^tatemeut of Condition of Bank at AVadesboro, February 1st, 1883.\\nRESOURCES\\nLoans and Discounts 43,413 70\\nClash in New York Banks 8 0,048 07\\nCurrency and Specie 30,811 13\u00e2\u0080\u0094 36,860 10\\nDue from other Banks not included above 1,780 40\\nDue from ^other Branches of this Bank 68,725 65\\nOffice Furniture and Safes 1,361 50\\n8152,141 35\\nLIABILITIES\\nCapital Stock 8 25,000 00\\nt)ue Depositors 119,980 53\\nDue other Banks 415 71\\nSurplus Fund 6,745 11\\n8152,141 35", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTOIS^, NORTH CAROLINA. 143\\nIts officers are as follows\\nIsaac Bates, President.\\nG. W. Williams, Vice President.\\nS. J). Wallace, Cashier.\\nDIRECTORS.\\nR. R. Bridgers, W. I. Gore,\\nI. Bates, E. B. Borden,\\nC. M. Stedman, Jas. a. Leak,\\nG. W. Williams, J. W. Atkinson,\\nH. VoLLERS, D. McRae,\\nF. Rheinstein.\\nCOTTON COMPRESSES.\\nThe first Cotton Compress operated in this city was\\nestablished by the Confederate Government during the war,\\nin 1864. It was located on the west side of the river, just\\nsouth of the Brunswick Ferry, and was under the entire\\ncontrol and supervision of the Government, and used for\\ncompressing cotton for running the blockade.\\nIts capacity was from 450 to 500 bales a da}^ It was set\\nlire to and totally destroyed, together with a large amount\\nof other property, by order of Gen. Bragg, on the evening\\nof February 21st, 1865, the eve of the evacuation of the\\ntown by the Confederate forces. It was brought to this\\nplace from Charleston, the port of Wilmington being the\\nonly one at that time where the business of blockade-run-\\nning was carried on.\\nWilmington has now three first class Cotton Compresses\\nin successful operation, viz The Wilmington Compress\\nComi^any, (2 presses), of which George W. Williams is\\nPresident, and George Sloan Secretary and Treasurer and\\nthe Champion Compress Company, (1 press), E. J. Penny-\\npacker, President, and T. B. Harriss, Secretary and Treas-\\nurer. They are stock companies, the former with a capital\\nof $85,000, and the latter $70,000. The first was organized", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "144 WILMING*rON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nduring the summer of 1875. Valuable wharf property was\\npurchased near what was known in the early history of\\nthe town as Paradise, in the northern portion of the\\ncity, and adjoining the terminus of the Carolina Central\\nRailroad, on which were erected the latest improved\\ncotton presses, a Taylor Steam and Hydraulic Press and a\\nTyler Steam press, and extensive warehouses for the\\nstorage of cotton. The increase of business within two\\nyears after its erection, warranted the establishment of an\\nadditional press, and during the summer of 1879, the\\nChampion Compress and Warehouse Company was organ-\\nized. The wharf property at the foot of lied Cross street,\\nand adjoining the depot of the Wilmington, Columbia\\nAugusta, and the Wilmington Weldon Railroads, was\\npurchased, on which was erected the Morse Cotton\\nCompress, with brick warehouses and sheds, together with\\nthe largest guano warehouse in the State\u00e2\u0080\u0094 located on tlie\\nwest side of the river.\\nThe estimated pressure is about 1,500 tons, and the\\ncapacity of each press is about 50 bales an hour. Both\\ncompanies are kept actively engaged during the cotton\\nseason, in compressing cotton for foreign shipment, and\\nbusiness has steadily increased from 15,000 bales the first\\nyear to about 100,000 bales during the last cotton season. It\\nis a business that has increased each succeeding year since its\\ncommencement, and when the advantages offered to shi])-\\npers at this port become generally known, it must assume\\nlarger proportions.\\nThe facilities for handling cotton cheaply here, are not\\nsurpassed, if equaled, by any other Southern port. The\\nrailroads centering at this point, deliver cotton at the\\ndifferent presses there is ample room at the wharves of\\nthe companies, and sufficient depth of w\\\\ater for the largest\\nsized vessels that visit this port, to load without the least\\ndifficulty, thereby saving the expense, wliich is very heavy\\nat other ports, of drayaga and lighterage, which of course", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 145\\nhave to be borne by the shipper, and which aggregates a\\nvery large amount.\\nThe port charges are less than at other points, and the\\nexpenses generally are more moderate.\\nQuick dispatch is given, for the presses are run day and\\nnight when necessary, and delays seldom occur, unless\\nfrom some unavoidable accident. When we take into\\nconsideration the improved character of these presses, their\\ncapacity for doing well the work which is required, the\\nfact that cotton is handled cheaper here than at other\\nplaces, and the expenses in every way much lighter to the\\nshipper, we certainly have reason to anticipate a largely\\nincreased business to our city from the success of this\\nimportant industry.\\nWILMINGTON COTTON MILLS.\\nThese mills were built in 1874, at an original cost of\\n$150,000, and reorganized in 1878, with a reduced capital\\nof $60,000.\\nThe list of officers is as follows\\nDonald MacEae, President.\\nWm. a. French, Vice President.\\nW. G. MacRae, Treasurer and Superintendent.\\ndirectors.\\nEdward Kidder, F. W. Kerciiner,\\nJas. H. Ciiadbourn, B. G. Worth.\\nJohn Wilder Atkinson.\\nThe Machinery is 100 horse power (steam); and the fuel\\nwood and sawdust.\\nThere are in operation 156 looms, 5,712 spindles, 34 cards,\\n7 fine spuders, 4 slubbers, and 1 picker and opener.\\nThe goods manufactured are Print Cloths and Batting\\nand during the past year, the mill has turned out 168,000\\nyards per month, or say, 2,016,000 yards per year,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 part", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "146 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nof which is sold for home consumption, but the i3roduct is\\nprincipally sold to calico printers in Philadelphia and New\\nYork.\\nThe mill employs 3 superintendents of departments,\\n12 men, 15 boys, 80 women and 20 girls, total, 130. The\\ncost of production of goods and pay of operatives is about\\nthe same as at Fall River and other manufacturing places\\nNorth.\\nThe number of bales of cotton used is 780 per annum,\\ncosting $40,000, and value of goods manufactured per year,\\n$80,000 to $100,000.\\nTHE NAVASSA GUANO COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON\\nwas established in 1869, with a capital stock of $200,000.\\nThe following named comprise the officers\\nR. R. Bridgers, President.\\nDonald MacRae, Secretar}^ and Treasurer.\\nC. L. Grafflin, Superintendent.\\nThe works are situated at Meares Bluff, Brunswick\\ncounty, N. C, about 4 miles from Wilmington, and manu-\\nfacture annually 18,000 tons of Navassa Gruano and Acid\\nPhosphate.\\nThere are in operation two Suli^huric Acid, and one\\nMuriatic Acid chambers, of a capacity of 240,000 cubic\\nfeet.\\nAbout 100 workmen are emj^loyed.\\nThe power (steam) used is 150 horse, and fuel, wood.\\nThe value of product is 1450,000 annually.\\nThe company owns and works a valuable rice plantation\\nof about 300 acres, situated about a mile below the factory,\\nand which produces about 12,000 bushels of rice yearlj^\\nTHE SOUTHERN ORE COMPANY.\\nThis is a new industry, recently established in Wilming-\\nton, and the only one of the kind in North Carolina. It is\\nlocated on South Water street, at the foot of Ann street.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0156.jp2"}, "157": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 147\\nIt is an incorporated Company, and was organized on\\nFebruary 1st, 1883, with a capital of $50,000, with power\\nto increase to $500,000.\\nA local Board of three resident Directors manage the\\naffairs of the corporation.\\nIts business is the purchase and reduction of all minerals\\nthat contain the precious metals, such as gold and silver,\\nand also ores containing copper, zinc, lead, etc.\\nThe ores are purchased at different points within the\\nState, and shipped to this place by rail, and by a peculiar\\nprocess, the details of which are not made public, the pre-\\ncious metals are extracted. The prices offered by the\\nCompany for ores have already resulted in engagements for,\\nit is thought, a sufficient supply to keep the works em-\\nployed, and the enterprise is of course materially helping\\nto develop) the mineral resources of the State.\\nMr. J. Beno, of New York, is the j)rojector of this\\nscheme.\\nTOBACCO FACTORY.\\nWilmington is the only point east of Raleigh where a\\nTobticco Factory is in successful operation. The Cape\\nFear Tobacco Works were established here in the spring of\\n1879, and are now located on Bladen street, near the\\nWilmington Weldon Railroad, on the site formerly\\nknown as Camp Lamb. The proprietors are Messrs.\\nMeadows and Kidder. The capacity of the works is about\\n500,000 pounds annually, making plug, twist and smoking\\ntobacco, and the quality of the goods turned out will com-\\npare favorably with other factories in the State. The leaf\\nused, is obtained principally from Granville county, and the\\ncounties adjoining, long celebrated for their fine quality of\\ntobacco and the standard of goods manufactured at the\\nFactory is never allowed to deteriorate. About sixty hands\\nare employed, and the demand for their goods here and in\\nthe surrounding country is increasing. The engine is about", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0157.jp2"}, "158": {"fulltext": "148 WILMINGTON NORTH CAEOLINA.\\nten-liorse power, with a fifteen -horse power boile-r, and the\\nmachinery, of the most approved kind.\\nTHE CAROLINA RICE MILLS.\\nIn 1881 the increasing rice crop along the Caj)e Fear and\\nin the up country induced Messrs. Norwood Giles and\\nPembroke Jones, of AVilmington, to venture uj)on the\\nestablishment, at great expense and considerable risk, of a\\nfirst-class Kice Mill, which was completed the year follow-\\ning, and which will compare favorably with any mill in the\\ncountry. These enterprising young men have not only\\nbrought energy and capital to this important undertaking,\\nbut a degree of intelligence and sound business judgment\\nwhich is bound to make them successful. Already the\\nproduct of the Carolina Mills has attracted attention in\\nNew York and in Liverpool, and pronounced by competent\\nand recognized authority, the best milled rice in the South.\\nThey have a capacity of double the present crop, and they\\nare increasing their facilities constantly to meet every\\nrequirement of the trade.\\nThe Mills are of brick, lOG feet long, 43 feet wide, and\\nfour stories in height. Pitch of floors 14 feet. An engine\\nroom connected with the Mill is 18 feet wide and one story\\nhigh. The engine is 45-liorse power, and the capacity of\\nthe Mill is 1,800 to 2,000 bushels per twenty-four hours.\\nThere are 18 patent Brotherhood pestles on the first floor,\\nand the spouting necessary for turning out the clean rice.\\nOn the second floor are all the receiving bins for ground\\nand beat rice, and also the stones. On the third floor stands\\ntwo large brushes for polishing and the necessary fans and\\nscreens. The fourth floor is entirel}^ devoted to machinery\\nfor cleaning the rice before going to mill.\\nThe elevators are many in number and wonderfully assist\\nin liandling the grain. The number of people employed is\\n13. The storage capacity of the warehouse is 75,000\\nbushels.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0158.jp2"}, "159": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 149\\nGRAIN MILLS.\\nThere are four grain mills in successful operation in Wil-\\nmington at this time, two of which are also flouring mills,\\nviz Messrs. B. F. Mitchell Son, on North Water street,\\nbetween Market and Princess streets, and the Cape Fear\\nFlouring Mills, now carried on by Mr. C. B. Wright. The\\nformer was originally established by Ellis Mitchell in\\nthe year 1849, and continued under that firm name until\\n1866, when Mr. Ellis retired. He was succeeded in the\\nfirm by Mr. Huggins, and the business was conducted\\nunder the name of Mitchell Huggins, until 1871, when\\nMr. Huggins died. Since that time it has been B. F.\\nMitchell Son.\\nThe power used is 76 horse, with four run of stones\\ncapable of turning out 450 bushels of meal, and 20 barrels\\nof flour per day. It is the only mill in the State in which\\nthere is a purifier for purifying the middlings and it has\\nbesides, all the modern improvements and conveniences.\\nTHE CAPE EEAR FLOUR MILLS, C. B. WRIGHT, PROPRIETOR.\\nThis mill is located at the foot of Walnut, corner of\\nNorth Water street. It was first built in 1855, on the lot\\ndirectly opposite its present location, but was destroyed\\nby fire in 1866, and then built upon its present site. It has\\na power of 85 horse, capable of turning out from 500 to 600\\nbushels of meal, and 20 barrels of flour a day, runs three\\nstones on wheat and corn, and three on hominy. In 1868,\\nthe proprietor, Mr Alex. Oldham, bought the patent for\\nthe State for making pearl hominy, and it is the only mill\\nin North Carolina that has the right and is engaged in\\nmanufacturing that article.\\n/Our flour mills cannot compete successfully with the\\nWestern mills, on account of the tariff of freights. Flour\\nis handled at a much cheaper rate than wheat, which\\noperates greatly to the disadvantage of our mills. The\\nquality is as good as that made anywhere, and compares", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0159.jp2"}, "160": {"fulltext": "150 WILMINGTON, nSTOETII CAROLINA.\\nfavorably with the best brought to this market from other\\npoints.\\nMessrs. Preston Camming Co. s mil], located at the\\nfoot of Dock street, and Mr. W. P. Oldham s, on the\\nsouth side of Dock street, are grain mills alone. The first\\nwas established in 1869, has two sets of runners, uses 40\\nhorse power, and is capable of turning out about 400\\nbushels of meal a day,\\nMr. W. P. Oldham s mill was erected in 1875, has two\\nsets of runners, 35 horse power, and a capacity of 350\\nbushels of meal a day.\\nThese grain mills are complete in every way advantage\\nis immediately taken of any improvements in machinery\\nor otherwise to add to their efficiency, and they are man-\\naged with the skill and energy which generally commands\\nsuccess.\\nTHE ACME MANUFACTURING .COMPANY.\\nIn a communication from Messrs. Cronly Morris,\\nAgents of the above-named Company, with reference to its\\norigin and endeavor, and in response to my request for\\ninformation, I learn that Cronly, on the Carolina\\nCentral Railroad, is the site of its operations, and that\\nsome months ago ihe proprietors in Wilmington, Messrs.\\nLatimer and others, entered into negotiations for the estab-\\nlishment of a fertilizer manufactory on the tract of land\\nowned by Cronly Morris at Livingston Creek, on the\\nCarolina Central Railroad. Pending these negotiations\\nlast spring, their attention was called to a patent device\\nfor curling vegetable fibres for upholstering purposes\\nin imitation of horse-hair, and a rubbing machine for\\nthe treatment of fibrous plants and materinl. As in the\\ntreatment of the fibres, chemicals were used which were\\nvaluable fertilizing agents, they attempted to obtain control\\nof these processes, wdth a view either to consolidation with\\nthe fertilizer factory, or to operate both to mutual\\nadvantage.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0160.jp2"}, "161": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 151\\nAfter a thorough examinution of the two schemes, they\\nbecame convinced of their value, and finally completed\\nnegotiations for the establishment of the enterprise.\\nFor more than a year, attention had been directed to the\\nmanufacture of cotton-seed oil, and enquiries instituted\\nwith reference to the process and although convinced of\\nits practicability, the excessively high prices demanded by\\nmanufacturers of the necessary machinery, and the neces-\\nsity of convincing the planters of the advantage to them\\nby selling their cotton-seed, and receiving in return cotton-\\nseed meal, possessing greater fertilizing properties than the\\nseed itself, deterred them from the undertaking. Subse-\\nquently attention was called to an article of Mr. Edward\\nAtkinson, of Boston, the cotton statistician, on the produc-\\ntion of cot ton -seed oil, in which he characterized as\\nextremely wasteful and thriftless, the present method of\\nobtaining the oil, and strongly advised the adoption of a\\nprocess recommended by him whereby the oil was obtained\\nby certain chemical reaction. Full enquiries were made\\ninto his process, and being satisfied that the oil could be\\nso obtained, and at a much smaller cost for the plant and\\nfor working than by the present method, they entered into\\nan arrangement for the establishment of a factory, with\\nDr. L. U. Friedburg of New York, an expert -chemist, who\\nhad been most highly recommended by Dr. C. F. Chandler,\\nPresident of the Board of Health of New York City, and\\nDean of the Faculty of the School of Mines of Columbia\\nCollege.\\nA short time ago, they efiEected a consolidation of the\\nthree enterprises, which under this arrangement can be\\nconducted in a much more economical manner, and with\\ngreater assurance of success. The Legislature has incor-\\nporated the joint enterprises under the name of the Acme\\nManufacturing Company.\\nThe capital of the Company will be $152,000, all of\\nwhich is subscribed. The location of the Factories is particu-", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0161.jp2"}, "162": {"fulltext": "152 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nlarly desirable, having water communication witli tlieiiver\\nby Livingston Creek, and being situated on tlie Carolina\\nCentral Railroad, at a distance of about a mile and a\\nquarter from the Wilmington, Columbia Augusta Rail-\\nroad with which they expect to connect the Factories by\\nprivate or public railway, and thus obtain greater facil-\\nities for shipment of the manufactured product.\\nThe beds of marl and phosphate rock are adjacent to the\\nFactory sites. Dr. Ledoux, who analyzed the marl, showed\\nit to be valuable, which is verified by subsequent analyses\\nmade by him, and published in his report for 1880, giving\\nto one of the marls over 51 per cent, of phosphate lime,\\nand to another 27 per cent, of phosphoric acid. The results\\nof analyses of several other marls from the same locality,\\nthough much lower than the above, showed them to be\\nvaluable as fertilizers.\\nA fibre factory 100x150x48 has already been built at\\nCronly, and all the machinery for it has been received,\\nand is now being put up. This factory will manufacture\\nfibre from the long-leaved pine-straw for upholstering pur-\\nposes (turning out about ten tons per week), oil from the\\npine leaf, and fibres from j)almetto, bear, and other grasses,\\nand material from West Indies and Bahama Islands.\\nThe Fertilizer Factory will produce a first-class fertilizer,\\nand also place within reach of our farmers prepared marl.\\nIts capacity at first will be about 5,000 tons per annum.\\nThe Cotton-Seed Oil Factory will, during the cotton sea-\\nson, manufacture cotton-seed oil and cake, and, during the\\nsummer months, oil and cake from peanuts, palm kernels,\\nlinseed, flax-seed, or any other oil-yielding substance which\\nthey can obtain, either in this country or abroad.\\nIn connection with the fibre factory, they expect to make\\nbagging for the fertilizer and for sale, and eventually from\\nthe coarser fibres which abound in our section, to make\\nbarrels from paper pulp for the oils.\\nMr. John G. Stephens of New York, the patentee of fibre", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0162.jp2"}, "163": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, KOKTII CAROLINA. 158\\nprocesses will have charge of the fibre factory as Super-\\nintendent, and Dr. L. H. Friedburg, assisted by Mr. Thos.\\nRadcliffe, will have charge as Superintendent and Chemist\\nof the fertilizer and oil mills.\\nAbout 70 tons of machinery have been received, and\\nabout 30 tons more are expected.\\nThe fertilizer and oil mills of the same size as the fibre\\nfactory are now in course of erection, also houses and a\\nstore for the use of operatives. The fibre factory will be\\nready for operation about April 1st, and the oil and fer-\\ntilizer mills about May 1st.\\nThe principal stockholders of the new Company are the\\nMessrs. Latimer, Messrs. Cronly Morris, Messrs. Chas.\\nV. Ware and G. W. Warren, of New York, Mr. J. G.\\nStephens and Dr. L. H. Friedburg.\\nTURPENTINE DISTILLERIES.\\nThe following comprises the Tur^Dentine Distilleries\\noperated in Wilmington\\nNAME. NO.\\nOF STILLS.\\nCAPAC\\n!ITY PER DAY.\\nEmpire,\\n400 barrels\\ncrude\\ntu\\nrpentine.\\nMorton Hall,\\n4.\\n250\\n^tna,\\n2,\\n100\\nPoint Peter,\\n3,\\n150\\nVClay,\\n3,\\n160\\nMahn s.\\n1,\\n75\\nUnion,\\n4,\\n250\\nBowdens,\\n3,\\n160\\nTotal, 27, 1,545\\nThere are in addition 2 rosin oil stills, operated as a part\\nof Clay Distillery, the product of which also comprises;\\nRosin Oil, 4 grades Rosin Oil Naptha, crude and recti-\\nfied Tar Oil Spirits of Tar, crude and rectified Metalic\\nPaint Oils Deck and Spar Oils, for the preservation of the\\ndecks and spars of vessels, and all wood not covered with", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0163.jp2"}, "164": {"fulltext": "154 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA\\nj)aint, against the action of tlie weather, and of dry-\\nrot Bright and Black Varnishes Venice Turpentine, for\\nprinter s ink; Navy, or Shipbuilder s Pitch; Shoe-\\nmaker s Wax Pitch Brush Maker s Pitch Brewer s\\nPitch.\\nThe Carolina Oil Company also oi^erates 3 stills, the\\nproduct of which is 20 barrels of oil per week. They also\\nmanufacture Tar Oil and Pine Wood Creosote Oil.\\nWILMINGTON GAS LIGHT COMPANY.\\nThis company was chartered January 27th, 1851, and\\norganized February, 1855.\\nIts capital stock is 1100,000.\\nThe Works are located on the corner of Surry and Castle\\nstreets.\\nCapacity of holders, 40,000 cubic feet of gas; process of\\nmanufacture, wood and rosin price of gas per 1,000 cubic\\nfeet, $2.50 public lamps, 124.00 per year for each lamp\\nlength of mains, about 9|- miles.\\nboard of directors.\\nEdward Kidder, Donald McRae,\\nGi:oRGE E. French, Dr. A, J. DeRosset,\\nWm. H. McRary, E. S. Martin,\\nR. J. Jones.\\nofficers.\\nEdward Kidder, President.\\nRichard J. Jones, Secretary and Treasurer.\\nJno. W. Reilly, Superintendent.\\nCLARENDON WATER WORKS COMPANY.\\nThis Company was organized April 10, 1881 the Works\\nwere completed the following autumn, and began supply-\\ning water in December, 1881. The hydrant service was\\naccepted by the city in January, 1882.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0164.jp2"}, "165": {"fulltext": "WILMIISrGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 155\\nIt has about 12i miles of main pipes from 4 to 12 inches\\nin diameter, and about li miles of service pipes and small\\nmains f of an inch to 2 inches in diameter.\\nThere are 105 public fire hydrants and 260 consumers.\\nThe present daily consumption is upwards of 100,000\\ngallons.\\nThe Company uses what is known as the combined stand-\\npipe and direct pressure system. The water is pumped into\\nthe stand-pipe for ordinary use, but in case of fire, it is\\npumped directly into the mains, the pressure being in-\\ncreased as the exigencies of the case demand.\\nThe stand-pipe is 20 feet in diameter and 90 feet high,\\nwhich gives a domestic pressure of from 25 to 50 pounds\\nper square inch. The fire pressure is usually 100 pounds\\nper square inch. The capacity of the stand-pipe is 210,000\\ngallons.\\nThese Works have two Worthington Duplex Pumping\\nEngines\u00e2\u0080\u0094 one high pressure of 500,000 gallons daily\\ncapacity, and the other a compound non-condensing engine,\\nof 1,000,000 gallons daily capacity. This can be increased\\nabout 25 per cent, if necessary.\\nThe capital stock is $50,000.\\nThe Works cost about $150,000, the balance being rep-\\nresented by bonds.\\nDIRECTORS\\nE. E. BuRRUss, H. A. Burr,\\nF. W. Kerciiner, J. F. Divine,\\nEdward Kidder, D. Q. Worth.\\nofficers\\nJ. F. Divine President.\\nEdward Kidder Secretary and Treasurer.\\nJ. C. Chase Superintendent.\\nRATES\\nThe following rates will be charged annually for the use of water,\\nto be collected quarterly in advance\\nDwelling houses occupied by one family of not exceeding five\\npersons, for the first faucet $f\u00c2\u00bb ^0", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0165.jp2"}, "166": {"fulltext": "156 WILMINGTON NORTH CAROLINA.\\nFor each additional faucet $2 00\\nFor tlae first bath-tub 4 00\\nFor each additional bath-tub 2 00\\nFor the first water-closet 4 00\\nFor each additional closet 2 00\\nFor tlie first urinal 2 00\\nFor each additional urinal 1 00\\nFor each additional person in the family, exceeding five, ten per\\ncent, of the above rates.\\nWater-closets and urinals without self-closing valves, double the\\nabove rates.\\nWhere hot and cold water faucets discharge into one vessel, but one\\ncharge will be made for both.\\nFor each additional family using the same fixtures, 75 per cent, of\\nthe above rates.\\nStores, warehouses, offices, shops, etc., requiring no more than the\\nordinary supply of water, the same i^rice for fixtures as dwelling\\nhouses.\\nStables.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 For the first horse |3 00\\nFor each additional horse 2 00\\nFor each cow 2 00\\nThe above rate includes the use of water for washing carriages, etc.,\\nwithout hose. Where hose is used in any stable an extra charge will\\nbe made for each horse of $2 00.\\nUse of hose for sprinkling streets, gardens, etc., per thousand\\nsquare feet $1 00\\nProvided that the amount charged for the use of hose shall be in no\\ncase less than five dollars per annum, and that one-half of the annual\\nrate will be collected April 1st, and the balance July 1st.\\nMeter rates, per 100 cubic feet 15 cents.\\n(20 cents per 1,000 gallons.)\\nProvided, however, that in no case where a meter is used by request\\nof the consumer, shall the annual charge be less than ten dollars.\\nWhen the quantity used exceeds 15,003 cubic feet per month, special\\nrates will be made.\\nOAKDALE CEMETERY COMPANY,\\nThe charter for this Corporation was granted on the 27th\\nday of December, 1852, the company was organized on the\\nIGth of November, 1853, and the grounds were opened, and\\nthe first interment made on the 6th of February, 1855.\\nThe necessity for the formation of this corporation grew", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0166.jp2"}, "167": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 157\\nout of the fact that the old time-honored custom of inter-\\nments within the city church-yards was fast giving way, in\\nother places, to the Cemetery system of burials, and a few\\npublic-spirited gentlemen of Wilmington suggested the\\nlocation of a central Cemetery, to be universally adopted\\nas a substitute for the old grave-yards then in use, Acting\\nupon this suggestion, the grounds just east of the Old\\nBurnt Mill Creek, containing 60 acres, were purchased\\nand named Oakdale, and dedicated to the preservation\\nand continued protection of our dead.\\nOf the fifteen gentlemen named in the charter of this\\ncorporation, one now resides in California, one in Con-\\nnecticut, two in other counties of this State six are still\\nactively engaged in their business vocations in this city,\\nand the other five have passed over the river, while their\\nremains rest under the shade of the trees in Oakdale.\\nAll revenue, from whatever source it may be derived, is\\ndevoted to the maintenance of the grounds.\\nUp to the present time, about one third, or probably\\none-half, of the grounds have been improved and formed\\ninto sections, and sections into lots, each lot containing\\nfour hundred square feet. The sections vary in size to suit\\nthe conformation of the grounds, as follows\\nSection A has 4 lots section B has 151 lots section C\\nhas 23 lots section D has 110 lots section E has 42 lots\\nsection F has 70 lots section G has 25 lots section H has\\n124 lots section J has 87 lots while the last section, K,\\nwhich has been opened, contains 150 lots, without including\\nthe plot donated to the Ladies Memorial Association, for\\nthe Confederate dead, to which 453 bodies were removed\\nand buried in two semi-circular graves, and upon which\\nstands the most beautiful monument erected to the Con-\\nfederate dead in the South.\\nOwing to the loss of some of the records during the war,\\nas well as to the confusion growing out of that terrible\\nepidemic of 1862, the yellow fever, which carried hundreds", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0167.jp2"}, "168": {"fulltext": "158 WILMINGTO:^^, NORTH CAROLINA^\\nto their graves, including both the Secretary and Superin-\\ntendent of this company, the present Secretary, Mr. R. J.\\nJones, says\\nI cannot give a correct list of the interments since the\\nopening of the grounds. My records, commencing Febru-\\nary 4th, 1867, show 1,825 for the past sixteen years, or up\\nto the lirst of January, 1883 and it is but fair to presume\\nthat with the casualties of the war and yellow fever com-\\nbined, there were at least 2,000 buried before my record\\ncommences.\\nThe present managers are\\nDonald MacRae, President.\\nTnroTHY DoNLAN, Superintendent.\\nRichard J. Jones, Secretary and Treasurer.\\ndirectors.\\n.Edward Kidder, W. H. Northrop,\\nWm. J. Yopp, George R. French,\\nJames H. Chadbouijn, Dr. A. J. DeRosset,\\nI have thought that it would be appropriate, and perhaps\\na matter of interest to some, to recall the names of a few of\\nour prominent citizens who now sleep in Oakdale Cemetery,\\nand many of whom were distinguished in our annals, for\\nwealth, intelligence and virtue. The old graveyard adjoin-\\ning St. James Church was for many, many years the\\ncommon receptacle of the dead of the town, and within its\\nwalls, the ashes of more than one of our distinguished\\ncitizens still repose. It is now almost deserted, but one\\ncan learn a lesson of the vanity of life from the still remain-\\ning records of those, who, after life s fitful fever, sleep\\nwell, within its hallowed precincts.\\nIn August, 1708, Thomas Godfrey, son of the inventor of", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0168.jp2"}, "169": {"fulltext": "\\\\vilmingto:n^, noktii Carolina. 159\\nthe Quadrant, and tlie author of the tirst dramatic work\\nwritten in America, died and was buried in that old church-\\nyard. He was but twenty-seven years old. His grave is\\nundistinguishable from those of the numerous congregation\\nof the dead who sleep around him, for time has long since\\nlevelled the incumbent sod, and no stone was erected to\\nmark the spot where his ashes repose. The memorials of\\nhim are few. He was born in Philadelphia, and when\\ngrown to manhood removed to this place and entered into\\nbusiness as a merchant and factor. While living here he\\nwrote his tragedy, The Prince of Parthia, and many\\nfugitive pieces of local interest, which survived for years\\nin the recollection of the people of this section. His tragedy,\\nas already stated, was the first dramatic work written in\\nAmerica. Extracts from it may be found in Duycinck s\\nCyclopedia of Literature.\\nThe spot where Cornelius Harnett sleej^s is in the north-\\neast corner of the old grave-yard, and is marked by a red\\nsands-tone, about two feet high, on which is inscribed, now\\nnearly illegible, the following\\nCornelius Haknett,\\nDied April 20th, 1781.\\nSlave to no sect, ho took no private road,\\nBut looked through nature, up to natui-e s God.\\nSuch is the brief and artless biograi)hy written by the\\nmen of 1781, of the first President of the Provincial Council,\\nthe first member of the Provincial Assembly from the\\nBorough of AVilmington, and one of the three delegates\\nfrom North Carolina, who signed the original articles of\\nConfederation of the United States. He was the represent-\\native man of the Cape Fear, bold, eloquent and incor-\\nruptible, with a genius equal to the greatest occasions and\\nloftiest efforts. He did not live to witness the success of\\nthat cause which was so near his heart. While lying sick\\nat the house of Mr. Spicer, on the Sound road, he was", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0169.jp2"}, "170": {"fulltext": "160 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\ncaptured by a party sent out by Major Craig, the British\\ncommandant of the town, and brought into Wilmington.\\nThe effect of severe and almost barbarous, exposure,\\ninflicted while a i)risoner, upon a system enfeebled by\\ndisease, could have but one result. He died while a\\ncaptive in their hands, and the old graveyard of St. James\\ncontains all that was mortal of the first scholar, statesman\\nand patriot, of the age in which he lived.\\nThe State has honored his memory by assigning his name\\nto the county of Harnett but what has New Hanover\\ncounty ever done to honor him whose name so much honors\\nher. Should not a monument have been erected to his\\nmemory long ago 1 Is it too late to do it now. either upon\\nthe spot where he lies, within the town he so faithfully\\nserved, or upon one of those lovely mounds in Oakdale\\nCemetery, whither the ashes of some of his compeers have\\nbeen carried to slumber midst their children s children,\\napart from the bustle of the town, amidst the beauty and\\ngrandeur of the country Are there not some who will\\nundertake this pious task, this labor of love, for one whose\\nonly descendant is his memory and his name\\nMajor George Blaney, who died in 1835, aged 40 years,\\nbelonged to the corps of Engineers of the United States\\nArmy. He was a prominent officer of the service, superin-\\ntended the building of Fort Caswell, at the mouth of the\\nriver, and the works at the jetties, which were undertaken\\nby the government to deepen the channel, but did not have\\nthe effect anticipated.\\nDr. William J. Harriss, a skillful physician and a man\\nof parts, died in 1839, leaving numerous descendants.\\nChristopher Dudley, for many years Postmaster at AVil-\\nmington, died in 1840,. in the 65th year of his age.\\nAlexander Anderson, distinguished for his integrity and\\nsound judgment, and who was a very successful dry-\\ngoods merchant, died in 1844, aged 59 years.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0170.jp2"}, "171": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 161\\nRobert McLaugUin, the first principal of the school estab-\\nlished by the society of Odd Fellows, died suddenly in\\n1845. He was a man of great force of character.\\nLieut. William Henry Wright, of the United States\\nCorps of Engineers, died in 1845, at the early age of 31\\nyears. He graduated at West Point with the highest\\ndistinction. General Beauregard being in the same class,\\nand ranking second on the list. Lieutenant Wright was\\nengaged upon the defences of Boston Harbor, and while\\nthus engaged, published a treatise on mortars which is still\\nrecognized by the Engineer Corps as standard authority.\\nHe was one of the foremost men in his profession of his\\nage, and was faultless in the discharge of the duties of life.\\nVices, he had none, and the elevated tone of his morality\\nexerted a wholesome influence over all who came within\\nthe sphere of its action.\\nCapt. J. H. K. Eurgwyn, of the United States Army,\\nwas killed in battle, during the Mexican war, in 1847, aged\\n37 years.\\nWilliam C. Lord, formerly Collector of the port, remark-\\nable for sound judgment and business qualifications,\\ndeparted this life also in the year 1847, in the 54th year of\\nhis age.\\nDr. John Hill, connected for many years with the Bank\\nof Cape Fear\u00e2\u0080\u0094 first as Cashier and afterwards as President\\n\u00e2\u0080\u0094died, also, in 1847. He wielded a pen at once graceful\\nand vigorous, and would, without doubt, have attained a\\nhigh rank in the rei)ublic of letters had he devoted himself\\nto literary pursuits.\\nGov. Edward B. Dudley died in 1855. He rose to dis-\\ntinction by his native force of character, and intrinsic\\nworth. He served in the Legislature for several terms, and\\nwas the last representative from Wilmington under the old\\nConstitution, which allowed borough representation. He\\nwas a member of Congress in 1829, served one term and", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0171.jp2"}, "172": {"fulltext": "162 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAllOLINA.\\ndeclined a re-eiection, giving as a reason, that Congress was\\nnot a place for any one who desired to be honest. He\\nidentified himself with the cause of internal improvements,\\nwas the active and ardent friend of that great work, the\\nWilmington AVeldon Railroad, was its first President,\\nand did more, perhaps, than any other one man, to secure\\nits comi^letion. He was the first Governor elected by the\\ndirect vote of the people in 1836, and so satisfactory was\\nhis administration that tliere was no organized opx)osi-\\ntion to his re-election. He was a man of liberal and\\nenlarged views, of generous impressions and spotless\\nintegrity.\\nRobert W. Brown, a successful merchant and a man of\\ngreat i)robity, whose word was as good as his bond, died\\nin 1856, aged 70 years.\\nTalcott Burr, Jr., a journalist of distinction, died in 1858,\\nat the early age of 38 years.\\nIn the 3^ear 1859, at the ripe age of 92 years, died Dr.\\nArmand John DeRosset, identified with our city by ances-\\ntral descent, for more than a century. There are few\\nbrighter pages in the history of North Carolina than those\\nwhich record the actions of such men as Harnett, Ashe,\\nWaddell, Lillington, Moore, Howe and others, all of this\\nsection of the colony. It was among such a people that\\nthe youthful days of Dr. DeRosset were passed. He had\\nadvantages in early life for the attainment of knowledge,\\nand in 1788 went to Philadelphia to attend the lectures at\\nthe Medical College, rendered famous by the genius of\\nDr. Benjamin Rush, and became the pui^il of that cele-\\nbrated man. He received his medical diploma in 1790,\\nand immediately entered upon the i)ractice of his profes-\\nsion in this city, w-liich soon became large and remunera-\\ntive, and so continued until age compelled him to retire.\\nFor more than half a century he was affectionately called\\nthe old doctor outliving all of his contemporaries, and\\ndying at the patriarchal age of four score and twelve years,\\nleaving behind him not an enemy in the world.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0172.jp2"}, "173": {"fulltext": "WILMIIS ^GTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 1G3\\nMr. Geo. W. Davis, mercliantj died in 18G0, aged 52\\nyears.\\nRev. Adam Empie, a distinguished divine in the Episco-\\npal church, died also in 1860, in the Tnth year of his age.\\nIn 1861, Dr. Frederick J. Hill, Dr. Thomas H. Wright,\\naged 61, President of the Bank of Cape Fear, and Mr.\\nHenry R. Savage, Cashier of the same Bank, and of the\\nsame age, passed to their rest.\\nThe year 1862 will ever be remembered by our people as\\na i)eriod of terror and dismay. That dread pestilence, the\\nyellovf fever, raged with terrible malignity, sweeping off\\nmany of our most ]3rominent and valuable citizens, among\\nthem Rev. R. B. Drane, Rector of the parish of St. James,\\naged 62 years.\\nJames S. Green, Treasurer of the Wilmington Weldon\\nRailroad Company from its organization, aged 63 years.\\nDr. James H. Dickson, an accomplished physician, a\\nman of letters and large scientific attainments, aged 59\\nj^ears.\\nJ. W. K. Dix, a prominent merchant, age 85.\\nIsaac Northrop, a large mill owner, age 67.\\nJames T. Miller, an intelligent and useful member of\\nsociety, a genial, amiable, kind-hearted man, who served\\nin the Legislature for two terms, was Mayor of the town\\nfor many years, Chairman of the Countj^ Court, and\\nCollector of the Customs at the time of his death, aged 47\\nyears.\\nRev. J. L. Pritchard, Baptist minister, fell at the post of\\nduty, aged 51 years.\\nThomas Clarkson Worth, merchant, of the firm of T. C.\\nB. G. Worth, aged 45 years, who was born to be a\\nmerchant of the first class and of the highest principle,\\ncould endure nothing vile or mean. He had a benevolent,\\nfeeling heart, in sympathy with the suffering poor. He\\npossessed a delightful temper, and carried a stock of good\\nnature which never failed him. During the dark davs of", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0173.jp2"}, "174": {"fulltext": "164 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nthe yellow fever, September and October, 1862, he\\nresolved not to Hy from the pestilence, but to abide here and\\nassist in tending the sick and dying. In fact, it was an\\noffering up of himself, on the altar of duty, in behalf of\\nthe poor and suffering. Dr. Worth took the fever and\\ndied on the 1st of November, 1862.\\nCyrus Stowe YanAmringe, one of the most gifted and\\npromising of our young business men, remarkably pleasing\\nand attractive in his person, ardent and faithful in his\\ndevotion to his friends, and of great purity in his life and\\ncharacter, fell at his post, with many other devoted people,\\nduring the pestilence, aged 26 years.\\nDuring the epidemic, none of our devoted citizens who\\nstood in the breach, were more unceasing in their\\nwork of humanity, or more constant in their attendance\\nupon the sick of all classes, than Rev. Father Murphy, the\\nRoman Catholic Priest, of St. Thomas church, and Rev.\\nA. Paul Repiton, of the Baptist church. The former\\nsuccumbed to the disease towards the close of the epidemic,\\nuniversally regretted by all denominations of christians.\\nThe latter outlived the disease, and closed a long and\\nuseful life, some years after, in Norfolk, Ya., and now\\nsleeps in Oakdale.\\nMr. Edward P. Hall, President of the Branch of the\\nBank of the State, died in 1863, aged 77 years, as did also\\nJoshua G Wright, a lorominent member of the bar, at the\\nage of 54 years.\\nTimothy Savage, Cashier of the Commercial Bank, died\\nin 1864, in the 72nd year of his age.\\nJames Cassidey died in 1866, aged 74 years and James\\nFulton, journalist, in the same year.\\nP. K. Dickinson, one of our most public-spirited citizens,\\ndied in 1867, aged 73 years.\\nDaniel B. Baker, of the legal profession, died in 1868,\\naged 62 years.\\nGeneral Alexander McRae, Civil Engineer, died also in", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0174.jp2"}, "175": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON-, NORTH CAROLINA. 165\\n1868, aged 72 years and Mcholas N. Nixon, aged 68\\nyears.\\nIn 1869, Nathaniel Greene Daniel, of Worth Daniel,\\ndeparted this life at the early age of 36 years, n^onrned\\nby many devoted friends, in his untimely death, and\\nregretted by the entire business community. At the time\\nof his death he was among the most successful and\\nenterprising of our business men. Quick in percep-\\ntion, vigorous in action, and steadfast in routine duty,\\nhe gave promise of a long and useful career, to be\\ncut off in the prime of life, after months of painful\\nsuffering. Also Mr. John Wooster, an experienced man\\nof business, and Hon, Samuel J. Person, formerly a Judge\\nof the Superior Court, the former aged 78 and the latter 46\\nyears.\\nDaniel L. Russell, an extensive planter, and a very\\nsuccessful one, died in 1871, aged 68 years.\\nAlfred L. Price, one of the founders of the Wilmington\\nJournal, died in 1873, aged 56 years and during the same\\nyear, Robert H. Cowan, the accomplished scholar, polished\\ndeclaimer, and graceful elocutionist, passed from earth at\\nthe age of 48 years. Whom the gods love, die early.\\nIn 1873, John A. Taylor, who was intimately associated\\nwith every work of public utility that would advance the\\ninterest and increase the prosperity of Wilmington,\\ndeparted this life at the age of 74, followed in the same\\nyear by Miles Costin, a retired merchant and prominent in\\nevery good work, 73 years of age, and Junius D. Gardner,\\nformerly an officer in the Bank of Cape Fear, at the age of\\n77 years.\\nDr. William A. Berry, for many years a successful\\npractitioner of medicine, died in 1875, aged 71 years.\\nDr. F. J. Cutlar, a most estimable gentleman, aged 75\\nyears, died, also, in 1875.\\nIn 1877, Robert Strange, the chivalrous gentleman, the\\naccomplished scholar, the able jurist^ while arguing a case", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0175.jp2"}, "176": {"fulltext": "l66 WiLMI]Sr(iTON, noeth caeolina.\\nin court, passed froln an earthly to a higher tribunal, in\\nthe 53rd year of his age. The same year witnessed the\\ndeath of Silas N. Martin, who had been Mayor of the city,\\nand President of the Carolina Central Railroad, aged 49\\nyears, also of Capt William B. Whitehead, an old and\\nhighly esteemed naval officer of the United States and Con-\\nfederate States service, and Adam Empie, an advocate\\nof rare powers, in the 56th year of his age.\\nIn the year 1878, William A. Wright, died, aged 71\\nyears, also Isaac B. Grainger, aged 37 years, and Hon.\\nHugh Waddell, aged [_79 years. Mr. Wright and Mr.\\nWaddell were both distinguished members of the bar.\\nThe latter won fame on the hustings, as an advocate\\nin Legislative halls, and was prominent in the politics of\\nthe State. Mr. Wright preferred office j)ractice, made no\\npretentions to oratory, ;but his mind was thoroughly\\ndisciplined and stored with legal lore. As a corporation\\ncounsel he had no superior in the State, and his ability in\\nin that branch of the profession was recognized abroad. In\\nprivate life he was distinguished for his playf q1 humor, his\\nfund of anecdote, his amiability and joyous vivacity. He\\nwas a close observer and diligent student, and his advice\\nwas sought by the old and grave, who valued his wisdom\\nand learning as much as the more volatile his i^leasantry\\nand fun. Capt. Grainger was the architect of his own\\nfortunes, and by his industry and energy attained a posi-\\ntion which gave him great influence in financial circles. He\\nwas President of the Bank of New Hanover, whose affairs\\nhe managed with skill and success.\\nDr. J. Francis King died in 1879, aged 48 years, and the\\nfollowing year, P. W. Fanning died, aged 81 years.\\nIn 1881, Dr. Moses John DeRosset, aged 42 years, F. D.\\nPoisson, attorney at law, aged 45 years, John Dawson,\\nmerchant, aged 80 years, Zebulon Latimer, retired mer-\\nchant, aged 70 years, T. C. James, journalist, aged 43", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0176.jp2"}, "177": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 167\\nyears, and Henry Nutt, whose name will for all time be\\nconnected witli our river and harbor improvements, passed\\naway.\\nIn 1882, they were followed to the grave, by Hon. R. S.\\nFrench, formerly Judge of the Superior Court, and an\\nornament of the bar, aged 66, by Gfeneral William McRae,\\none of the most gallant f^nd distinguished officers in the\\nConfederate army, and for many years prior to his death\\na successful railroad Engineer, Superintendent and Presi-\\ndent, aged 47 years, then by his attached friend and com-\\npanion in arms. Captain David R. Murchison, one\\nof our most successful merchants, who united boldness\\nwith sound judgment in business transactions, aged\\n44 a man of most extraordinary endowments, and\\nunbounded industry and possessing an indomitable\\nspirit, which grappled with all opposing forces, over-\\ncame all obstacles, and which placed him, in spite\\nof disease and constant physical suffering that would\\nhave prostrated an ordinary man, at the head of his\\nprofession; recognized by his fellow merchants as a leader,\\nand esteemed by many who knew that under his uncom-\\npromising business exterior, shone a nature warm in sym-\\npathy with all distress and suft ering, to which he responded\\nquietly and liberally, and full of love and tenderness to\\nthose who knew him best, and to whose welfare and\\nhappiness he devoted his life. He was the first President\\nof the Produce Exchange, having been the means of its\\norganization, and for a few years prior to his death was\\nlargely interested in the Carolina Central Railway, of which\\nhe was its President. Levi A. Hart, a prominent citizen\\nand proprietor of the Foundry Works, aged 73 Dr. J. C.\\nAValker, a skillful physician and an amiable gentleman,\\naged 49, and James Dawson, a successful Banker, long\\nidentified with our city, and esteemed most by those with\\nwhom he was intimately related as a kind-hearted and\\ndevoted friend aged 67.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0177.jp2"}, "178": {"fulltext": "168 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nVery many others could be mentioned, but the limits of\\nthis publication would not admit of its being done enough\\nhave been given, however, to show that there has been no\\ndegeneracy in our people since the old Colonial times. It\\nis to be hoped that, in the not distant future, some one\\ncompetent to the task may sketch the characters of those\\nwho once trod our streets and acted so well their parts in\\nthe busy scenes of life. It would not only be of great\\ninterest to those who are still upon the stage, but would\\nexcite future generations to imitate their example and to\\nIDractice their virtues.\\nI wish to acknowledge most gratefully the courtes} of\\nMr. Richard J. Jones, through whom I have obtained\\nmuch of the above interesting data, and the kindly offices\\nof Col. James G. Burr, in matters of detail upon this sub-\\nject, without whose invaluable assistance I could not have\\naccomplished a satisfactory record.\\nIn addition to Oakdale, there are Belle vue, Pine\\nForest, (colored), and the National Cemeteries, all of which\\nare well situated and carefully attended.\\nTHE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE\\nwas organized in Wilmington, September 11, 1866, for the\\nmutual interests of those engaged in mercantile pursuits,\\nand for the purpose of instituting a uniform system for the\\ngovernment of trade and commerce of adjusting amicably\\nby arbitration, causes of dispute, and of exercising a\\ngeneral supervision of all matters pertaining to the com-\\nmercial interest of the port.\\nIn 1873 the organization of the Produce Exchange\\nassumed control of certain branches of our trade not fully\\nprovided for by the Chamber of Commerce and on the\\n12th of June, 1873, the Constitution of the latter body was\\namended in all points at conflict with the new organization.\\nThe following named members have served as President of\\nthe Chamber William L. DeRosset, iive years Alfred", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0178.jp2"}, "179": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAROLINA. 169\\nMartin, two years Dr. W. W. Harriss, two years A. H.\\nVanBokkelen, seven years.\\nThe jpresent officers and members are as follows\\nA. H. VanBokkelen President.\\nE. Pesciiatj First Vice-President.\\nDonald MacRae Second Vice-President.\\nJohn L. Cantwell Secretary and Treasurer.\\nEXECUTIVE council.\\nWilliam Calder, George Harriss,\\nJas. H. Chadbourn, Wm. L. DeRokset,\\nR. E. Heide, (and James Sprunt,\\nex-officio President Produce Exchange.)\\nMEMBERS.\\nAdrian Vollers, Kerchner Calder Bros.,\\nBlossom, J. R., Evans, Kidder, Edward, Son,\\nBurruss, E. E., McRary, W. H., Co.,\\nBank of New Hanover, Martin, Alfred,\\nCantwell, John L., Mitchell, B. F., Son,\\nChadbourn, J. H., Co., Navassa Guano Company,\\nDeRosset Co., Peschau, E. Westermann,\\nDeRosset, Wm. L., Robinson, C. H.,\\nFilers, H. B., Sprunt, Alex., Son,\\nHarriss, Geo., Co., VanBokkelen, A. H.,\\nHall Pearsall, Worth Worth,\\nHeide, R. E., Williams, Geo. W., Co.\\nHONORARY.\\nGeorge Davis.\\nThe following is a record of the proceedings of the last\\nannual meeting of the Chamber, held 7th March, 1883\\nThe annual meeting of the Chamber of Commerce not\\nhaving been held in October, was ordered to be held yes-\\nterday at 12 o clock.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0179.jp2"}, "180": {"fulltext": "170 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThe meeting was called to order by the President, who\\nread his annual report, as follows\\nChamber of Commerce,\\nWilmington, N. C, 7th March, 1883. j\\nThe annual meeting of this Chamber has been delayed\\nbeyond the regular time by causes which were in a measure\\nunavoidable.\\nThe duties which remained to the Chamber of Commerce\\nupon the formation of the Produce Exchange, in 1873, were\\nall questions arising bearing ui3on transportations, harbor\\nand imx)rovements, and other public interests of our city\\nor State, including the general commerce of the country\\nand its advancement, which duties since the last annual\\nmeeting have been confined to the improvement being made\\nby the United States Government on the Cape Fear River\\nfrom Wilmington to the ocean, and such other matters as\\nwere calculated to be of benefit to the commerce of our\\nown port, as well as the general commercial interests of the\\nUnited States.\\nThe work now being carried out by the United States\\nGovernment will be delayed in its completion because of\\nthe failure of Congress at its session just closed to pass a\\nRiver and Harbor Bill. The present contracts, for which\\nfunds remain in hand, will soon be comp)leted, giving a\\ndepth of sixteen feet at low water, twenty feet at high water\\nfrom good anchorage, well protected at a point twelve miles\\nbelow the city to Smithville, which will reduce the expense\\nof, and detention by, lighterage greatly. Vessels can now\\nload to fifteen feet at wharves in the city. Bald Head\\nChannel, out to the ocean, shows on its bar a dei^th of\\nfourteen feet at low water, with eighteen to twenty ^feet at\\nhigh water.\\nA report kindly furnished by Mr. Henry Bacon, the\\nefficient United States Assistant Engineer in charge of the\\nimprovements, under Lieutenant Colonel William P. Craig-\\nhill, of the United States Engineer Corps, will be presented", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0180.jp2"}, "181": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 171\\nby Colonel William L. DeRosset, Chairman of the River\\nand Harbor Committee of this Chamber, showing fully the\\npresent condition of the work.\\nThe foreign and domestic commerce of this port shows a\\nsteady and healthy increase in amount of tonnage employed\\nand value of exports and imports. Railroad connections\\nnow existing, and others contemplated, which will be com-\\npleted wlien the depth of sixteen feet low water is obtained\\nto the city, will bring, in addition to what will come by\\nrivers to this port, three to ten-fold the present receipts.\\nLarger coastwise steamers, with additional lines, are con-\\ntemplated. Steamers to Europe will be emj^loyed for the\\nnext cotton crop, this port showing advantages as a ship-\\nping port over most others.\\nOur people who have desponded over seeing Wilmington\\na great commercial centre, now have good reason to hope\\nand soon will have facts to assure them of a great future\\nfor our city by the sea.\\nRespectfully submitted,\\nA. H. YanBOKKELEN,\\nPresident,\\nThe rejDort of the Committee on River and Harbor\\nImprovements was read by Colonel W. L. DeRosset, Chair-\\nman of that Committee, together with the accompanying\\nletter of Mr. Henry Bacon, Engineer in charge, as follows\\nA. II. VanBoMeIe7i, Esq., President CUamber of Com-\\nmerce\\nSir Your Committee have lately visited the Govern-\\nment works at New Inlet and Snow s Marsh, and having\\nbeen favored with the accompanying report of Mr. Henry\\nBacon, United States Engineer in charge, which covers all\\nthe ground, and being i3repared to fully endorse the state-\\nments of Mr. Bacon, beg leave to present the same in con-\\nnection with this as their annual report, i\\nRespectfully submitted,\\nWM. L. DeROSSET, Chairman,\\nGEO. HARRISS,\\nCommittee on Bar and River Improvement.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0181.jp2"}, "182": {"fulltext": "172 WILMINGTON, NOETII CAEOLINA.\\nA. H. VanBoklcelen, Esq., President of tlie Chamber of\\nCommerce, Wilmington, iV. C.\\nSir At your request, I take pleasure in making a con-\\ncise statement of the condition of the improvements of the\\nCape Fear Kiver.\\nAt the end of the fiscal year in 1878 the shortest sound-\\nings (or available depths) on the Bald Head Channel were\\n9 feet at mean low water, 11 feet in 1879, 13 feet in 1880,\\nand 14 feet in 1881 and 1882.\\nThe suction dredge Woodbury was in operation on the\\nBald Head Channel from April, 1879, to October, 1881.\\nDuring the time 169,491 cubic yards of sand were dredged\\nby it, and dumped in deep water, and a much larger\\namount was moved by the natural forces of the tidal\\ncurrents from the channel and large area in the vicinity.\\nThe work of closing the New Inlet by the dam was begun\\nin October, 1875, but the practical stoppage of the water\\nwas not perceptible until the years of 1878 and 1879. The\\ndam was thoroughly com^Dleted in June, 1881.\\nThere can be no doubt of the beneficial effect of the\\noperations of the suction dredge in concentrating the tidal\\ncurrents, especially at the outer crest of the bar and it is\\nprobable that the available depth of the channel would\\nhave been further increased if the work had been continued.\\nAs it is, the results are more gratifying, as proving the\\npower of the natural forces in the preservation of the\\nBald Head Channel.\\nIt is obvious that the value of all improvements depends\\non the preservation of the entrance channel.\\nMuch has been said about the swashes across the\\nnarrow beach of Smith s Island. During past years, and\\nbefore, the present improvements were initiated, breaches\\nwere made by the sea across this beach, and were closed\\nby natural causes. Those of 1857 were especially remark-\\nable. The great storm of April 13th, 1877, caused the\\npresent breaches or swashes. They were subsequently", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0182.jp2"}, "183": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAEOLINA. 173\\npartially closed by natural causes, but the completion of\\nthe New Inlet dam created a greater difference in the rela-\\ntive times of the tides in the bay and sea, and thus increased\\nthe velocity of the tidal currents, out and in the swashes,\\nwhich has prevented the nataral closures.\\nThe nearest swash is about two miles from the main\\nriver channel, and there are wide intervening shoals, and\\nthere is, therefore, no immediate danger from the swashes\\nand they have no perceptible effect on the main currents\\nof the river. But, inasmuch as the sea is gradually\\nencroaching on the beach and shoals, and producing an\\nindenture at the swashes, it is only a question of time when\\na defence must be made.\\nThe matter is now under consideration by a board of\\nengineers. It is probable that they will decide that it is\\nbest to begin the work soon on an inner line, from Zeke s\\nIsland to the big marsh across the shoal waters, and nearly\\non the neutral line of the tidal currents, thus completely\\nseparating tlie river from the bay and swashes, in which\\ncase there can be but little doubt of the natural closure of\\nthe swashes and the re-formation of the beach.\\nA large portion of the available appropriation\u00e2\u0080\u0094 from\\n$110,000 to $130,000\u00e2\u0080\u0094 is now in reserve and can be used for\\nthis purpose, if so decided.\\nThe work of dredgiug now in progress is under two con-\\ntracts. Those of Gf. H. Ferris, of May, 1881, for about\\n750,000 cubic yards, and the National Dredging Company,\\nof October, 1882, for 450,000 cubic yards. Both contracts\\nterminate June 30, 1883. They will complete the channel\\nalong Snow s Marsh, and to the deep water above, to 270\\nfeet in width and 16 feet deep at mean low water and also\\nthe channel across the next shoal above to the same depth,\\nand probably to the same width, thus securing 16 feet depth\\nat low water to a i^oint about twelve miles below Wilming-\\nton, where there is good anchorage in 16 feet depth at low", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0183.jp2"}, "184": {"fulltext": "174 W^ILMINGTON, NOETII CAROLINA.\\nwater. The prospect of finishing the contracts at the\\nappointed time is, perhaps, a little doubtful, but it is cer-\\ntain the channel by Snow s Marsh and above to deep water\\nwill be finished so far that it can be used within the next\\ntwo months. This will completely avoid the Horse Shoe\\nChannel and practically save at least one day in getting\\ndeep draft vessels from Wilmington to the sea. At the\\npresent time the new channel is finished to 200 feet width\\nalong Snow s Marsh, and to 235 feet for the first half mile\\nabove. Then it is 130 feet wide for the next quarter of a\\nmile, and on the remaining or upper portion it is 75 feet in\\nwidth\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and the cut making it 100 is in progress. The reach\\nof the new channel above Snow s Marsh is approximately\\nin the line with the ebb and flood tidal currents, and there\\nis every reason to expect its permanence in depth and width.\\nThe New Inlet dam remains as finished in 1881. There has\\nbeen no settlement or other signs of deterioration on the\\ncontrary, it is constantly becoming more and more solidified\\nby oysters and barnacles. The passage of water through\\nthe small stones is becoming less and less. The sand beach\\nis forming fast over the site of the Carolina Shoals, and is\\nabove high water for nearly half the distance from shore\\nnear Fort Fisher to the head of Smith s Island, and the\\nshoals are bare at low tide over most of the remaining\\ndistance. There is a prospect at no distant time that the\\nNew Inlet basin will be converted into a Sound, with per-\\nhaps one or two small inlets across the newly formed outer\\nbeach.\\nIt is unfortunate that Congress has failed to make any\\nappropriations for the coming fiscal year. It is hoped that\\none will be made early after the meeting of Congress in\\nDecember next, in which case the delay will be less serious.\\nMy estimate of the amount required for the two years\\nending June 30, 1884, was $674,368, of which $225,000 was\\nappropriated in 1882, leaving a balance needed\u00e2\u0080\u0094 say of", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0184.jp2"}, "185": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOETII CAKOLINA. 175\\n$450,000\u00e2\u0080\u0094 to complete the dredging for 16 feet depth at low\\nwater to Wilmington and the thorough defence against the\\nswashes.\\nVery respectfully, c.,\\nHENRY BACON,\\nUnited States Assistant Engineer.\\nQUARANTINE.\\nPrior to 1868 all quarantine power was invested in the\\nCommissioners of Navigation, who were required to appoint\\na Port Physician, and to make and enforce such rules and\\nregulations for the protection of the inhabitants from infec-\\ntious diseases, as they deemed necessary. But in that\\nyear (1868) the Legislature passed an Act which divested\\nthe Commissioners of all quarantine power and authority,\\nand relieved them of all responsibility.\\nThe Act provided that a quarantine station should be\\nestablished opposite Deep Water Point, and that the\\nGovernor should designate some physician who should act\\nas medical quarantine officer for that station, where all\\nvessels subject to quarantine should be brought to anchor,\\nand be subject to such rules and regulations as the medical\\nquarantine officer might prescribe.\\nIn 1879 this law was amended so as to j)i Ovide for the\\nappointment, by the President of the State Board of\\nHealth, of two i3hysicians residing in Wilmington, who,\\nwith the medical quarantine officer, should make and\\nenforce all necessary quarantine regulations for the port of\\nWilmington. This law is still in force.\\nThis amendment was a wise provision against the intro-\\nduction of infectious diseases by the error or oversight of\\na single individual empowered to act with unlimited dis-\\ncretion and the present arrangement has been found to\\nsatisfy all classes of our people. The present Board is\\ncomposed of Dr. W. G. Curtis, medical quarantine officer\\nappointed by the Governor, resident at Smithville, and", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0185.jp2"}, "186": {"fulltext": "176 WILMINGTOJI, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nDrs. Thomas F. Wood and George G. Thomas, residing at\\nWilmington, who issue quarantine rules and regulations\\nevery spring.\\nThe Regulations ior 1882 are given below at this date\\n(20th March) the Regulations for 1883 have not been issued,\\nbut it is thought by the Board that no material change will\\nbe made\\nQuarantine Regltlations,\\nPort of Wilmington, N. C, March 23, 1882.\\nThe quarantine will go into effect on the first day of\\nMay.\\nThe following Quarantine Regulations will be enforced\\nfor the port of Wilmington, and the penalty of $200 for\\nevery violation thereof strictly enforced. Pilots violating\\nthe same are liable to a loss of their branch\\nTo entitle a vessel to free pratique in the port of Wil-\\nmington, from whatever port she may come, she must\\nshow\\n1st. A clean bill of health, in accordance with the recom-\\nmendations of the National Board of Health.\\n2d. She must show, to the satisfaction of the Quaran-\\ntine Board, that no case of infectious disease has occurred\\non board at the port of departure or during the passage.\\n3d. She must be thoroughly cleansed and disinfected\\nand ballast discharged at the Quarantine Station, and per-\\nform tiny other requirements that may be designated by\\nthe Quarantine Physician.\\n4th. After performing all these requirements, she may\\nreceive a permit in writing from the Quarantine Physician,\\nwhich permit must be endorsed by the Quarantine Board\\nbefore she will be allowed to come to the city,\\n5th. Vessels subject to the above regulations will be\\ndesignated by notice from time to time to their pilots and\\nothers interested in commerce, and all such vessels must\\ncome to anchor at the Quarantine Station, opposite Deei)\\nWater Point, as far to the eastward of the channel as is", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0186.jp2"}, "187": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 177\\npracticable, so as to allow tliem swinging room, and not\\ndepart thence witbout written permission from the Quaran-\\ntine Physician,\\n6th. Universal cleanliness must be preserved on board\\nall vessels detained in quarantine the forecastle, steerage\\nand cabin must be scrubbed, all foul wearing apparel and\\nbed clothing of officers, i^assengers and seamen must be\\nwashed and aired, and all infected articles destroyed, and\\ndisinfection i)i ^cticed as directed by the Quarantine\\nPhysician.\\nThe bilge water must be pumped out twice a day, and\\nwater from alongside put in until the water pumped out\\nshall be clear and free from any offensive smell and wind\\nsails must be kept up in each hatchway, and trimmed to\\nthe wind whenever the weather permits.\\nCommanders of vessels are accountable for all irregulari-\\nties committed on board their respective vessels, and for\\nthe conduct of such of their people as they may send on\\nshore by permission of the Quarantine Officer and if any\\nperson shall leave a vessel in quarantine, or go on board of\\nsuch vessels without the written permission of the Quaran-\\ntine Officer, he shall, on conviction, suffer punishment as\\nby law provided and all jiersons belonging to a vessel in\\nquarantine are strictly forbidden to take on board any\\nperson who did not arrive in such vessel, without a regular\\npermit from the Quarantine Officer.\\nAll communication between vessels in quarantine is\\nexpressly prohibited, and no boat or craft is permitted to\\ngo alongside a vessel in quarantine except the master\\nthereof have a written permission from the Quarantine\\nOfficer.\\nProvisions and other necessaries intended to be sent on\\nboard vessels at quarantine must follow the same rules and\\nregulations which apj)ly to other communications with the\\nvessels, and all arrangements for discharging and taking a\\ncargo must be made with the sanction of the Quarantine\\nOfficer.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0187.jp2"}, "188": {"fulltext": "178 WlLMIXaTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nColors must be worn, and a light must be hoisted at night\\nso long as the vessel is detained at quarantine.\\n7th. Whenever for any reason the Quarantine Board\\nresident in Wilmington shall not consider it safe for a\\nvessel to go to the city she may be allowed to discharge\\nand take in cargo at the Quarantine Station, under the fol-\\nlowing conditions After receiving a permit in writing\\nfrom the Quarantine Physician, allowing her to load, the\\ncaptain may permit all necessary lighters, stevedores and\\nlaborers to go on board or alongside but such lighters,\\nstevedores and laborers shall be considered in quarantine,\\nand subject to all the rules and regulations which apply to\\nthe vessel itself, according to the tenor of these regulations,\\nand shall be subject to detention for observation, fumiga-\\ntion and such other measures as the public safety may\\nrequire, and the expenses of fumigation, insi^ection and\\npermits shall be paid by the vessel for which the lighters,\\nstevedores or laborers are employed and any vessel, steve-\\ndore, lighterman or laborer violating these regulations,\\nshall, in addition to the penalty of $200 i^rovided by law,\\nbe liable to be sent out of the limits of the city of Wil-\\nmington until November 1st, next ensuing.\\nVessels engaged in discharging ballast, or an} other\\nservice performed previous to fumigation, must remain in\\nquarantine during the entire season unless permitted in\\nwriting by the Quarantine Physician to engage in other\\nbusiness.\\n8th. All persons residing in the city of Wilmington who\\ndesire to visit vessels in quarantine, must tirst get a written\\npermit from the Quarantine Board resident in Wilmington\\nenabling them to return to the city, and must x i esent this\\npermit to the Quarantine Physician for his indorsement\\nbefore they can go on board of any vessel in quarantine.\\n9th. Pilots are notified that they must make inquiry as\\nto the existence of contagious disease on board of vessels\\nbefore boarding, and if by any means they become exposed", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0188.jp2"}, "189": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 179\\nto infection, they must remain on board such vessel until\\nI)ermitted to go ashore by the Quarantine Physician.\\n10th. Tow Boats and Steamboats are notified that they\\nmust not go alongside of any vessel subject to quarantine\\nfor any purpose until such vessel is regularly discharged\\nfrom quarantine by written permit from the Quarantine\\nPhysician. W. G. CURTIS, M. D.,\\nQuarantine Physician,\\nJ. C. Walker, M. D.,\\nThomas F. Wood, M. D. j -o\u00c2\u00bbs it ^i^ts.\\nTHE WILMINGTON PRODUCE EXCHANGE\\nwas organized April, 1873, and incorporated September 16,\\n1873. The object of this organization was to provide and\\nregulate a suitable room for a Produce Exchange in\\nthe city of Wilmington, to inculcate just and equitable\\nprinciples of trade, to maintain uniformity in commercial\\nusages, to acquire, preserve and disseminate valuable\\nbusiness information, and to adjust controversies and\\nmisunderstandings between its members.\\nThe following named members have served as President\\nsince its organization D. R. Murchison, D. Gf. Worth, C.\\nH. Robinson, R. E. Calder and James Sprunt.\\nThe present officers and members are as follows\\nJames Sprunt President.\\nH. C. McQueen Vice President.\\nBOARD OF MANAGERS.\\nR. E. Calder, R. Moore,\\nB. F. Hall, Alfred Martin,\\nW. R. Kenan.\\n3r embers.\\nAdrian Yollers, Bond, T. E,,\\nAtkinson Manning, Burruss, E. E.,\\nBarker, E. Gr., Co., Bank of New Hanover,\\nBoney, G., Sons, Cantwell, John L.,", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0189.jp2"}, "190": {"fulltext": "180\\nWILMINGTON, NOETII CAROLINA.\\nCliess-Carley Co.,\\nCarolina Central Railroad,\\nCrow. John E.,\\nCovington, E. P. Son,\\nCazaux, A. D.,\\nDeRosset Co.,\\nDaniel, Jolin H.,\\nGore, D. L.,\\nGore, Albert,\\nGreene, A. H.,\\nGordon, Jolin W. Bro.,\\nHall Pearsall,\\nHeide Co.,\\nHicks, R. W.,\\nHarriss, W. W.,\\nWilmington Weldon R.R\\nJohnson, Harding,\\nKerchner Calder Bros.,\\nKenan Forshee,\\nLilly, E.,\\nLove, C. S. Co.,\\nMetts, James I.,\\nMitchell, B. F. Son,\\nMartin, Alfred,\\nMebane, C. P.,\\nMcNair, S. P.,\\nNorthrop, Samuel,\\nNorthrop Camming,\\nNewbury, F. A.,\\nOldham, W. P., Co.,\\nPeschau, E. Westerraann,\\n*Paterson, Downing Co.,\\nPennypacker, E. J.,\\nRankin Birdsey,\\nRobinson King,\\nSprunt, Alex. Son,\\nShotter, S. P., Co.,\\nSmith, C. E., Co.,\\nTurrentine, J. R.,\\nVanBokkelen, A. H.,\\nVanAmringe, Geo.O.,\\nWhitehead, W. A.,\\nWorth W^orth,\\nWilliams, Geo. W., Co.,\\nWoody Currie,\\nWillard, A. A.\\nSUBSCRIBERS.\\nThe Bally Review. The Morning Star.\\nThe rooms of the Exchange are quite inadequate, not\\nmore than half the members being comfortably provided\\nfor. It is hoped that the next Board of Managers will\\nfurnish more suitable accommodations, and that the rooms\\nmay not only be attractive to the members, but serve as a\\nplace of resort for our business people at any hour of the\\nday. The stock reports and other statistics required by\\nthe organization are most creditably prepared by the\\nSecretary, Col. J. L. Cantwell, whose long experience and\\nremarkable accuracy especially fit him for this important", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0190.jp2"}, "191": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAROLINA. 181\\nduty. The Board of Managers have much pleasure in\\ntestifying to his skill and faithfulness.\\nIn an old pamphlet On the Trade of Wilmington,\\nNorth Carolina, and of the produce exportable from the\\nRiver Cape Fear, the season and prospects taken into\\nview May 1st, 1815, by Joshua Potts, the following\\ninteresting information is given under the head of\\nBemarl s^- It is unadvisable, and often disadvanta-\\ngeous, for a merchant in a distant State or foreign port, to\\ndispatch, a ship to Wilmington under orders for a cargo of\\nour ]3roduce, without first having written to his correspon-\\ndent of particulars required. Four to six loeeJcs preGtous\\nnotice to the agent is always requisite, that he may have\\ntime and opportunity to procure the produce described,\\nat the best advanl?age, and have it in readiness by the time\\nof the arrival of such shij). Great detention and disap-\\npointment often happens in consequence of voyages being\\nabruptly commenced, as, but seldom, i)eculiar kinds of\\nproduce can be had on sudden notice.\\nThe above contrasts strangely with the method of the\\npresent day. Several cargoes at a time are now frequently\\nsold within as many hours by cable to foreign markets. A\\nremarkable instance of improved facilities occurred here a\\nfew weeks ago, when a member of this Exchange offered\\nby cable to Liverpool, at 9.30 A. M., a cargo of cotton,\\nwhich was not only immediately accepted, but confirmed\\nby a cable received in the Wilmington office 63 minutes\\nafter the dispatch of the first message to Liverpool. Thus\\nan entire transaction was made and confirmed with a foreign\\nmarket within an hour and a quarter annihilating time\\nto the extent of about three hours and three-quarters.\\nWESTERN UNION TELEGRAPH.\\nThere is no record of the date of the first appearance of\\nthe telegraph in Wilmington, but an office was probably\\nestablished here by the old Washington and New Orleans", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0191.jp2"}, "192": {"fulltext": "182 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nMagnetic Telegraph Company, al^out the year 1850. The\\nsystem then generally in nse was the old Morse register\\nsystem\u00e2\u0080\u0094 everything being recorded on paper in Morse char-\\nacters, and transcribed by the operator\u00e2\u0080\u0094 a slow and tedions\\nprocess.\\nAbout 1858, the use of paper began to be laid aside by a\\ngreat many operators, who discovered that sound reading\\nwas quite as safe and while lessening the labor, it expe-\\ndited the business by saving a great deal of time that had\\nbefore been consumed in translating from the paper. Now,\\nand for fifteen years past, the use of the old Morse paper\\nregister has been discontinued almost entirely. Hence the\\nsystem in use here at present is that in general use in this\\ncountry the Morse by which the message is taken\\nfrom the instrument by sound, at the very moment it is\\nsent by the transmitting office, and is ready for delivery at\\nthe end of the line as soon as the last word is finished by\\nthe sending office.\\nThere are other systems such as the Automatic, the\\nHarmonic, and some of which very little is known, but\\nthey all work by complicated means, and require a small\\narmy of clerks to translate and transcribe that which has\\nbeen received. None have yet stood a^rac^/ca? test that\\nwould make them desirable as a substitute for the old,\\nfirst invention, of Morse.\\nDuring the past three years there have been built here\\ntwo new wires, in which Wilmington has some interest\\nas they have given us better facilities for handling an\\nimportant class of business. One of them is the New York\\nCotton Exchange wire, giving us direct communication\\nwith the Cotton Exchange, and Wall Street, in New York.\\nThe other is the Carolina Central wire, which, in the\\ncotton season is an imi)ortant one to cotton merchants.\\nThe present facilities of the office are as follows 1 New\\nYork Commercial News Department wire\u00e2\u0080\u0094 direct with the\\nNew York Main office 1 New York Cotton Exchange wire,", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0192.jp2"}, "193": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAEOLINA. 183\\ndirect 2 Charleston wires 2 Augusta wires, (one of these\\nused to Savannah at times) 1 Washington and Ealeigh\\nwire 1 New Berne and Raleigh wire 2 Richmond wires\\n2 Charlotte wires, (one extending to Shelby).\\nSome of these wires of course take in a number of inter-\\nmediate stations between Wilmington and Augusta, and\\nbetween Wilmington and Weldon.\\nDuring the past two years rates have been reduced very\\nmaterially, the reduction averaging at least twenty per\\ncent. The volume of business here has increased in the\\nlast three years about one-fourth, and the receipts about\\nten per cent.\\nGood progress has been made with us in the manner of\\nhandling business during this period. There has been a\\ngradual lessening in the time of dispatching business, and\\nin the transmission of the replies thereto, notably on\\nnorthern and western lines. Of course there is still room\\nfor improvement, especially in the further reduction of\\nrates in view of the yearly increase in the dividends\\ndeclared by this immense monopoly.\\nThe cable business, up to last month, has been larger\\nthis season than ever before\u00e2\u0080\u0094 showing that our foreign\\nbusiness is growing, or that people are becoming habituated\\nto the use of the cable.\\nThe staff of this office is as follows\\nW. H. Sterling, Manager.\\nOPERATORS.\\nK. B. Topping, R. J. McIliienny,\\nC. W. Peterson, J. T. Hambrick.\\nclerks.\\nE. B. BURKHEIMER, JOHN ShOLAR.\\nBesides six messengers and two battery and line men.\\nOur general business community will bear cheerful\\ntestimony, not only to the unvarying courtesy and obliging", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0193.jp2"}, "194": {"fulltext": "184 WILMINGTON TCORTII r AllOLlXA,\\n(lisixj.sition of ]\\\\raiKi, ^ei Sterling. l)uf to tlie remarkable\\nindustry and Avonderl iil accuracy and ])atience of those\\nquiet, solemn people, upon whom so raucli depends in our\\ndaily business transactions.\\nWILMINGTON TELEPHONE EXCHANGE\\nis licensed, under patents of Alexander Graliam Bell, and\\nwas opened in 1879. The present number of subscribers is\\n81, and the system is generally adopted by our business\\npeople. The city of Wilmington was one of the first\\nin the South to show its enterprise in the adoption of the\\nTelephone Exchange system. In 1880 the method of work-\\ning was much improved by the introduction of the Law\\nSystem of Central Office switching, which is claimed\\nto be the best in the world.\\nWilmington was the second city in the United States to\\nadopt the Telephonic Fire Alarm System, the wisdom of\\nthe action being frequently demonstrated.\\nPrivate lines are in operation with the main office to the\\nNavassa Guano Works, at Meares Bluff, and to Mason-\\nboro Sound.\\nThere is i^robably no more obliging and intelligent\\nManager in the service than Mr. J. C. AVhite, in charge\\nhere, who affords every facility for prompt and satisfactory\\ncommunication with the members of the Exchange.\\nIt is a matter of interest with reference to this subject\\nthat experience has proved the impossibility of using the\\ntelephone satisfactorily for greater distances than a hun-\\ndred miles.\\nLaboratory telephonic tests have worked through a\\nresistance of wire equal to 150,000 miles of telegraph\\nline, but on actual lines the leakage of electricity from the\\nwire to the ground, dampness in the atmosphere, and other\\nmagnetic disturbances render the transmission of speech\\nfar less easy than was at first expected by electricians. By\\nsubmarine wire the circuit is confined to lesser distances", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0194.jp2"}, "195": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOKTTI CAKOLINA. 185\\nthat is to say, a land wire will work satisfactorily live times\\nlonger than a cable wire, so that, although telephonic\\nmessages have ])een sent hy cable sixty to eighty miles,\\nthey are practically of no use at a greater distance than\\ntwenty or thirty miles.\\nA recent publication asserts that experiments made with\\nthe Gray-Harmonic system and Dorrance telej)lione be-\\ntween Cleveland, Ohio, and New York, over the heavy,\\ncopper wire of the Postal Telegraph Company have de-\\nmonstrated the feasibility of connecting the larger cities of\\nthe Middle and Eastern States by telephone, and a record\\nis made of alleged thoroughly successful tests over a wire\\nof G50 miles in jDroof of this. The statement is also made\\nthat a test of speaking over 1,000 miles of wire has been\\nsuccessful; but it is believed by many electricians to be\\neither a mistake or altogether untrue.\\nWILMINGTON POST-OFFICE STATISTICS.\\nFor the year ending January 31, 1883.\\nNumber of pieces of mail matter originating and received\\nat this office for transmission\\nFirst class matter, number of jDieces, .1,568,580\\nSecond ..1,227,920\\nThird 191,508\\nFourth 20,448\\nTotal number of pieces mailed 3,008,516\\nNumber of pieces received at this office\\nfor delivery, 4,036,240-4,036,240\\nTotal No. of pieces handled 7,044,756\\nMONEY OEDER BUSINESS.\\nReceipts.\\nDeposits received from other offices |124,800\\nReceived from Money Orders issued, 78,330\u00e2\u0080\u0094 $203,130", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0195.jp2"}, "196": {"fulltext": "186 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nDisbursements.\\nMoney Orders paid, $108,140\\nDeposited order of Department 94,990\u00e2\u0080\u0094 $203,130\\nTotal Money Order business, $406,260\\nREGISTERED LETTER BUSINESS.\\nNambsr letters registered at this office, 8,325\\nNumber of re.sfistered letters delivered\\nat this office, 7,440\\nNumber of registered letters in transit, 37,420\\nTotal number of registered letters\\nhandled, 53,185\\nRECEIPTS FOR SALE OF STAMPS,\\nStami)ed envelopes. Postal cards, c., 132,342\\nInternational Money Orders are issued in\\nThe Dominion of Canada, France,\\nNew Foundland, Algiers,\\nEngland, Switzerland,\\nScotland, Austria,\\nWales, Hungary,\\nIreland, Italy,\\nBritish India, Jamaica,\\nGermany, New Zealand,\\nDenmark, New South Wales,\\nSweden, Victoria,\\nNorway, Belgium,\\nLuxemberg, Tasmania.\\nThe Netherlands,\\nThe general business of the office has increased fully\\nforty per cent, in the last four years, and the administra-\\ntion of its affairs by the present Post-Master, E. R. Brink,\\nwho has been repeatedly renominated, is most efficient,", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0196.jp2"}, "197": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 187\\nand, I believe, entirely satisfactory to all classes of our\\ncitizens.\\nArrangements are being made for a free delivery of tlie\\nmails tlirougliout our city, which has been proposed\\nthrough Post-Master Brink, and our city government is\\npreparing for this improvement by a proper designation of\\nthe streets and numbering of the houses.\\nLUMBER.\\nIn the beginning of this century Michaux, with reference\\nto the long-leaf pine {Pinus Australis), wrote as follows\\nThis invaluable tree is known both in the countries which\\nproduce it and in those to which it is exported, by different\\nnames in the first it is called long-leaved pine, yellow\\npine, pitch pine, and brown jDine in the Northern States,\\nSouthern pine and red pine and in England and the West\\nIndies, Georgia pitch pine. I have preferred the first\\ndenomination, because this species has longer leaves than\\nany other eastward of the Mississippi, and because the\\nnames of yellow pine and pitch pine, which are more com-\\nmonly employed, serve, even in the Middle States, to desig-\\nnate two species entirely distinct and extensively diffused.\\nThe specific epithet Australis is more appropriate than\\nthat of Palustris, which has hitherto been applied to it by\\nbotanists, but which suggests an erroneous idea of the\\nsituations in which it grows.\\nTowards the north the long-leaved pine first makes its\\nappearance near Norfolk, in Virginia, where the pine-\\nbarrens begin. It seems to be especially assigned to dry,\\nsandy soils, and it is found, almost without interruption,\\nin the lower part of the Carolinas, Georgia and the Floridas,\\nover a tract more than 600 miles long from northeast to\\nsouthwest, and more than 100 miles broad from the sea\\ntowards the mountains of the Carolinas and Georgia. I\\nhave ascertained three points, about 100 miles apart, where\\nit does not grow the first, 8 miles from the river Neuse, in", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0197.jp2"}, "198": {"fulltext": "188 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAKOLINA.\\nNorth Carolina, on tlie road from Lonisburgli to Raleigh\\nthe second, between Chester and Winnsboro, in South\\nCarolina the third, 12 miles north of Augusta, in Greorgia.\\nWhere it begins to show itself towards the river Neuse, it\\nis united with the loblolly pine, the yellow pine, the pond\\npine, the black jack oak and the scrub oak; but immedi-\\nately beyond Raleigh it holds almost exclusive possession\\nof the soil, and is seen in company with the pines just\\nmentioned only on the edges of the swamps enclosed in\\nthe barrens even there not more than one stock in a hun-\\ndred is of another species. With this exception the long-\\nleaved pine forms the unbroken mass of woods which\\ncovers this extensive country. Bat between Fayetteville\\nand Wilmington, in North Carolina, the scrub oak is found\\nin some districts disseminated in the barrens^ and, except\\nthis species of pine, it is the only tree capable of subsist-\\ning in so dry and sterile a soil.\\nThe mean stature of the long-leaved pine is 60 or 70 feet,\\nwith an uniform diameter of 15 or 18 inches for two-thirds\\nof this height. Some stocks, favored b}^ local circum-\\nstances, attain much larger dimensions, particularly in\\nEast Florida. The bark is somewhat furrowed, and the\\nepidermis detaches itself in thin transparent sheets. The\\nleaves are about a foot long, of a beautiful, brilliant green,\\nunited to the number of three in the same sheath, and\\ncollected in bunches at the extremity of the branches; they\\nare longer and more numerous on the young stocks, which\\nare sometimes out by the negroes for brooms. The buds\\nare very large, white, fringed, and not resinous.\\nThe bloom takes i3lace in April the male flowers form\\nmasses of divergent, violet-coloured aments about 2 inches\\nlong in drying they shed great quantities of yellowish\\npollen, which is diffused by the wind and forms a momen-\\ntary covering on the surface of the land and water. The\\ncones are very large, being 7 or 8 inches long, and 4 inches\\nthick when oi^en, and are armed with small retorted spines.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0198.jp2"}, "199": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 189\\nIn the fruitful year they are ripe about the 15th of October,\\nand shed their seeds the same month. The kernel is of an\\nagreeable taste, and is contained in a thin white shell,\\nsurmounted by a membrane in every other species of\\nAmerican pine the shell is black. Sometimes the seeds\\nare very abundant and are voraciously eaten by wild\\nturkeys, squirrels, and the swine that live almost wholly in\\nthe woods. But in the unfruitful year, a forest of a\\nhundred miles in extent may be ransacked without finding\\na single cone this probably occasioned the mistake of the\\nFrench, who, in 1567 attempted a settlement in Florida,\\nthat the woods were filled with superb pines that never\\nyielded seed.\\nThe long- leaved pine contains but little sap several\\ntrunks 15 inches in diameter at the height of 3 feet, which\\nI have myself measured, had 10 inches of perfect wood.\\nMany stocks of this size are felled for commerce, and none\\nare received for exportation of which the heart is not 10\\ninches in diameter when squared.\\nThe concentric circles, in a trunk fully developed, are\\nclose and at equal distances, and the resinous matter, which\\nis abundant, is more uniformly distributed than in the\\nother species hence the wood is stronger, more compact,\\nand more durable it is, besides, fine-grained and suscep-\\ntible of a bright polish. These advantages give it a prefer-\\nence over every other pine but its quality is modified by\\nthe nature of the soil in which it grows in the neighbor-\\nhood of the sea, where only a thin layer of mold reposes\\non the sand, it is more resinous than where the mold is 5\\nor 6 inches thick the stocks that grow upon the first\\nmentioned soil are called pitch pine, and the others yellow\\npine, as if they were distinct species.\\nThis wood subserves a great variety of uses in the Caro-\\nlinas, Georgia and the Floridas four-fifths of the houses\\nare built of it, except the roof, which is covered with\\nshingles of cypress but in the country the roof is also of", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0199.jp2"}, "200": {"fulltext": "190 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\npine, and is renewed after 15 or 18 years, a considerable\\ninterval in a climate so warm and humid.\\nA vast consumption takes place for the enclosure of\\ncultivated fields. In naval architecture this is the most\\nesteemed of the pines in the Southern States, the keel,\\nthe beams the side-planks, and the pins by which they are\\nattached to the ribs, are of this tree. For the deck, it is\\nI)referred to the true yellow pine, and is exported for that\\npurpose, to Philadelphia, New York, etc., where it is in\\nrequest, also, for the flooring of houses.\\nIn certain soils its wood contracts a reddish hue, and it\\nis for that reason known in the dock-yards of the Northern\\nStates by the name of red pine. Wood of this tint is\\nconsidered the best, and in the opinion of some ship-\\nwrights, it is more durable on the sides of vessels, and less\\nliable to injury from worms, than the oak.\\nThe long-leaved pine is the only species exported from\\nthe Southern States to the West Indies. A numerous fleet\\nof small vessels is employed in this trafiic, imrticularly\\nfrom Wilmington, in North Carolina, and Savannah, in\\nGeorgia.\\nThe stuff destined for the Colonial market is cut into\\nevery form required in the construction of houses and of\\nvessels what is sent to England is in planks from 15 to 30\\nfeet long and 10 or 12 inches broad they are called\\nranging Umbers, and are sold at 8 or 10 dollars a hundred\\ncubic feet. The vessels freighted with this timber repair\\nchiefly to Liverpool, where it is said to be employed in the\\nbuilding of ships and of wet-docks it is called Georgia\\npitch pine, and is sold 25 or 30 per cent, higher than any\\nother pine imported from the United States.\\nFrom the diversified uses of this wood an idea may be\\nformed of the consumption to which must be added a\\nwaste of a more disastrous kind, which it seems impossible\\nto arrest. Since the year 1804 extensive tracts of the finest\\npines are seen covered only with dead trees. In 1802 I", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0200.jp2"}, "201": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON NORTH CAEOLINA. 191\\nremarked a similar plienomenon among the yellow pines in\\nEast Tennessee. This catastrophe is felt among the Scotcli\\nfirs which people the forests of the north of Europe, and is\\nwrought by swarms of small insects, which lodge them-\\nselves in different parts of the stock, insinuate themselves\\nunder the bark, penetrate into the body of the tree, and\\ncause it to perish in the course of the year.\\nThe value of the long-leaved pine does not reside exclu-\\nsively in its wood it supplies nearly all the resinous matter\\nused in the United States in ship-building, and a large\\nresidue for exportation to the AVest Indies and Q-reat\\nBritain. In this view its place can be suj^plied by no other\\nspecies: those which afford the same product being dis\\npersed through the woods or collected in inaccessible\\nplaces. In the Northern States the lands which, at the\\ncommencement of their settlement, were covered with the\\npitch pine, were exhausted in 25 or 30 years, and for more\\nthan half a century have ceased to furnish tar. The pine-\\nbarrens are of vast extent, and are covered with trees of\\nthe finest growth but they cannot all be rendered profita-\\nble from the difficulty of communication with the sea.\\nFormerly tar was made in all the lower parts of the\\nCarolinas and Georgia, and throughout the Floridas vestiges\\nare everywhere seen of kilns that have served in the com-\\nbustion of resinous wood. At present this branch of\\nindustry is confined to the lower districts of North\\nCarolina, which furnish almost all the tai and turpentine\\nexported from Wilmington and other ports.\\nProfessor Kerr, in his Physiographical Description of\\nNorth Carolina, refers to the trees of this State as fol-\\nlows\\nIt will be seen from the United States Census tables for\\n1870, that of its 50,000 square miles of territory, 40,000 are\\nstill covered with forests. The range and variety of preva-\\nlent and characteristic species of growth, being of course\\nproj)ortioned to those of the climate and soil^ are very\\ngreat;", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0201.jp2"}, "202": {"fulltext": "192 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThere are, in fact, three well-marked and broadly dis-\\ntinguished forest regions, corresponding to and dependent\\nupon the three geographical sub-divisions. Eastern, Middle\\nand Western. And while the first section is characterized\\nby a growth common in its prominent features to that in\\nthe Grulf States, as the long-leaf pine, cypress, c.; the\\nwestern or mountain section contains many species familiar\\nin the White Mountains, and in New York. Among the\\nmost distinctive, abundant and valuable species are the\\npines, oaks, hickories, cypress and juniper.\\nPines are the predominant growth of the eastern section,\\nthere are eight species in the State, the most important\\nbeing the long-leaf {pinus australis), the yellow, {pinus\\nmitts), and the white {pinus strobus). The long-leaf pine\\nis found only in the eastern or sea-coast region; the yellow\\npine abounds throughout the State the white pine is\\nlimited to the higher mountain regions.\\nThe long-leaf pine is the predominant growth of the\\neastern section of the State, and occupies almost exclusively\\na broad belt quite across the State, and extending from\\nnear the coast more than a hundred miles into the interior,\\ncovering a territory of near 15,000 square miles. This is\\none of the most valuable of all trees, on account of the\\nnumber and importance of the uses it subserves. It is\\nshipped in the form of lumber for civil and naval architec-\\nture to all parts of the world, and is unequalled for these\\npurposes, on account of its strength and durability. It\\nfurnishes the naval stores of commerce, known in all parts\\nof the world the forests of this State furnishing twice as\\nmuch as all the other States together. From the rosin of\\nthis tree is made the rosin-oil of commerce, and this sub-\\nstance also supplies the Southern towns with gas.\\nThe yellow pine furnishes an important building timber\\nin all parts of the State.\\nThe white pine is confined to the sx^urs and plateaus\\nof the mountain and Piedmont regions, being found in", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0202.jp2"}, "203": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 193\\ngreat abundance in some counties, and of great size, three\\nfeet and more in diameter, and one hundred to one hundred\\nand fifty feet high.\\nThe other species are less widely distributed and less\\nvaluable, except the Plnus tceda, which, in the Eastern\\nsection, sometimes attains a great size, and furnishes an\\nexcellent building and ship timber.\\nThe oaks rank with the pines in value, and excel them\\nin variety of uses, number of species and extent of dis-\\ntribution. While the pine, (a single species,) gives charac-\\nter to about one-third of the forest area of the State, the\\noaks dominate not less than two-thirds. There are twenty\\nspecies in the United States, all of them found in North\\nCarolina, with possibly one insignificant exception; Among\\nthese the most important are\\nThe white oaks, of which there are several species, (the\\nmost valuable), Quercus alba, Q. oMusiloba, (post oak and\\nQ. prinus,) forming extensive forests in all sections of the\\nState. On account of its strength and durability and great\\nabundance, its uses are important and manifold, both for\\ndomestic purposes and for export in the form of staves and\\nship timber. The ship-yards of Liverpool are already\\nseeking their material in the forests of middle North Car-\\nolina.\\nSeveral other species of oak are also of wide and varied\\nuse, chiefly the red oak {Q. rubra), black oak {Q. tinctoria),\\nand willow oak {Q. i: liellos\\\\ which are abundant through-\\nout the middle and western district, and often grow to a\\nvery great size. Live oak {Q. mrens) is found only in the\\nseaboard region, whose value in ship-building is well-\\nknown.\\nHickory.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Of this tree there are nine species in North\\nAmerica, and seven of them are found in this State, and\\nthree species in all parts of it, and in abundance, and often\\nof great size. But little use has hitherto been made of this\\ntree, eXcJept as fuel and for wagons and handles but being", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0203.jp2"}, "204": {"fulltext": "194 WILMINGTON, NOETII CAROLINA.\\none of tlie most dense, rigid, heavy and iron-like of our\\nwoods, it has recently come into great demand, and many\\nlarge handle and spoke factories have been erected within\\na few years, whose products are shipped by millions to\\nEurox^e, California, Australia and all mining countries\\nespecially. The forests of North Carolina will supply this\\nworld-wide demand for many years.\\nWalnut exists in two species, one, the common black\\nwalnut {Juglans nigra), throughout the State, but most\\nabundantly in the middle district. It is a most valuable\\nwood, being very compact, durable, free from attacks of\\ninsects, of a very fine dark brown color, and capable of a\\nhigh polish. It is the most popular and universally used\\ncabinet wood in the United States, but is so common in\\nthe middle and western sections of this State that large\\nfarms are fenced with it.\\nThe Chestnut {Castanea vesca) is one of our largest\\nforest trees, sometimes 10 feet in diameter and 80 to 90 feet\\nhigh, found mostly and abundantly in the Piedmont and\\nmountain regions of the State, where it is much esteemed\\nand used for fencing, on account of its great durability and\\nfacility of working. It is also valued for its abundant\\ncrop of fruit, which, with the acorns of tlie oaks, is the\\nprincip al dependence of the hog-raisers of the mountain\\ncounties.\\nPoplar {Lir lodendron tulipifera) is one of the largest\\nand handsomest of our forest trees, and occurs in all parts\\nof the State, attaining its greatest size in the mountains.\\nIt is much used for building and other domestic purposes\\nas a substitute for pine, combining lijiitness and facilitj^\\nof working with rigidity and durability.\\nCypress {Taxodlum disticlium) abounds in the swamps\\nand lowlands of the east, forming the almost exclusive\\ngrowth of several thousand square miles of territory. It\\ngrows to a great size, the wood is very liglit, durable and\\nmuch used for the manufacture of shingles, whicli are", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0204.jp2"}, "205": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 195\\nexported in immense numbers to all the Northern Atlantic\\nports. It is also used for building purposes, and for staves\\nand telegraph poles, water vessels, etc.\\nJuniper, or white cedar {Cupressus tliyoides) is found in\\nthe same region, though not so abundant, and is used for\\nthe same purposes as the cypress, especially for shingles\\nand coojier work, for which it is even preferred to the\\nlatter.\\nBesides these are the maple (6 species), birch (3 si^ecies),\\nbeech, ash (4 species), poplar (3 species), elm (3 species),\\nmulberr}^, sassafras, gum (4 species) dogwood, i^ersimmon,\\nholly, locust (2 species), sycamore, linn, linden or lime (3\\nspecies), buckeye (2 species), wild cherrj^, red cedar, white\\ncedar, magnolia (7 species), willow (4 species), and others,\\nof various uses in domestic economy many of them valued\\nas shade and ornamental trees, a number of them much\\nprized as cabinet woods among which may be mentioned\\nthe black walnut, already described, the red cedar, some-\\ntimes nearly equalling the mahogany in beauty of color\\nand grain, free from insects and aromatic the black birch,\\nor tiiountain mahogany, and wild cherry, both of very\\nornamental grain, taking a high polish and so also the\\ncurly and bird s eye maple; the holly, a beautiful, close-\\ngrained, white wood, taking a brilliant polish. It will\\nreadily be imagined what variety, richness and beauty\\nthese numerous si)ecies, belonging to so many and widely\\ndiffering families of plants, must imx3art to the forests of\\nthis State, and what a vast mine of wealth they must be-\\ncome in the near future.\\nOf the twenty kinds of timber used in the ship-yards in\\nNew York, nearly all are found in the forests of this State.\\nWith reference to this important and interesting subject\\nMessrs. E. J. Hale Son, publishers. New York, have\\njust issued a most valuable work by Mr. P. M. Hale, of\\nRaleigh, entitled Woods and Timbers of North Carolina,\\nfrom which much profitable information may be gathered.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0205.jp2"}, "206": {"fulltext": "196 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nHaving already quoted at greater length his authority on\\nPinus Australis, I have only to add Mr. Hale s esti^\\nmate, for North Carolina, of the long-leaved pine supply,\\nwhich he gives as follows\\nBladen 288,000,000 feet.\\nBrunswick 141,000,000\\nChatham 448,000,000\\nColumbus 288,000,000\\nCumberland 806,000,000\\nHuplin 21,000,000\\nHarnett 486,000,000\\nJohnston 563,000,000\\nMoore 504,000,000\\nNew Hanover 96,000,000\\nOnslow 34,000,000\\nRobeson 864,000,000\\nSampson 602,000,000\\nWake 48,000,000\\nWayne 40,000,000\\nu\\nTotal 5,229,000,000\\nSTEAM SAW MILLS.\\nThe lirst steam Saw Mill established in Wilmington, so\\nfar as can be ascertained, was erected on the western side\\nof the Cape Fear Eiver, on the site now occupied by the\\nGruano Warehouse of the Champion Compress Company,\\nby a person named Mazerretti, in the year 1818.\\nSometime afterwards Mr. Henry Howard purchased the\\nlot and built a larger and more valuable mill. Hutchinson\\nand Milan (the latter subsequently British Vice Consul at\\nthis port) were also engaged in the milling business between\\n1820- 25.\\nEdward B. Dudley and P. K. Dickinson, constituting\\nthe firm of Dudley Dickinson, and two of the most\\nprominent citizens of Wilmington, the one first Governor", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0206.jp2"}, "207": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 197\\nof tlie State, elected by the direct vote of the i)eople, and\\nthe other identified with the material prosi^erity of the\\ntown, erected a mill at the southern extremity of the settle-\\nment about the year 1828.\\nIn 1833-34 Mr, Aaron Lazarus established the first\\nplaning mill in North Carolina upon the site now occupied\\nby Messrs. Northrop Gumming, and which was destroyed\\nby fire a few months after its erection. Mr. J. K. Mcllhenny\\nalso owned a mill at or near the locality of Messrs. Dudley\\nDickinson s, which he afterwards sold to Capt. Gilbert\\nPotter, who operated it successfully, first under his own\\nname, afterwards under the firm name of Potter Kidder\\nand it is still continued by Messrs. Edward Kidder Son,\\nand is well known in all lumber markets as one of the\\nmost successful mills in the country.\\nIt is worthy of notice, and should be put upon record,\\nthat the credit of utilizing the saw-dust for fuel, by which\\na heavy expense in running steam saw mills has been\\nsaved, is due to Mr. Edward Kidder of this city. He was\\nthe first to carry the idea, which had long baffled operators,\\ninto successful application, and is entitled to the honor\\nwhich is justly his due.\\nMr, P. K. Dickinson, after disposing of his interest in\\nhis mill below the town, built another, with planing mill\\nattached, where the dei)ot of the Carolina Central Railroad\\nis now, which was taken down when the Company came\\ninto possession of the iiroperty.\\nSome years ago a small mill stood at the foot of Walnut\\nstreet, put up by a Mr. Nickerson. About the year 1840\\nCol. John McRae erected the Harrison mill very near that\\nof Nickerson s, and on this site, also, the recently destroyed\\nmill of Mr. J. W. Taylor lately stood. Messrs. Dickinson\\nand Morris owned a mill located on Point Peter, and Mr.\\nHenry R. Savage built one on the south side of the western\\nterminus of Brunswick ferry, which bore the name of\\nSteam Saw Mill No. 5, it being the fifth one then in", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0207.jp2"}, "208": {"fulltext": "198 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\noperation. Later on, Mr. O. Gf. Parsley erected one at\\nHilton, whicli is now operated by Messrs. Parsley\\nWiggins,\\nIn the early days of this industry in Wilmington, the\\nsawed lumber was generally shipx^ed to the AVest Indies,\\nand return cargoes of molasses and sugar imported. It\\nwas at that time a very profitable business, as many as 50\\nlumber vessels having loaded here at the same time, but of\\nlate years the over-production in Georgia and in other\\nSouthern States has greatly depressed this important\\nindustry.\\nAt the i^resent time tliere are five steam saw mills in\\nactive operation in this city. Their average capacity, under\\nfavorable circumstances, is about 25,000 feet of lumber per\\nday, each. The amount of sawed lumber exported from this\\nport for the year 1882 from the mills in this city and from\\nthose in adjoining counties contiguous to railroads, amounts\\nto 40,291,146 feet.\\nOf this amount, 9,074,085 feet w^as foreign shipment,\\n5,523,400 feet shipped to Baltimore, 9,302,827 feet to New\\nYork, and the remainder to other coastwise jjorts. The\\nhome consumption is estimated at between five and six\\nmillion feet. By local demand is not meant the amount\\nsold in Wilmington only, but in the adjoining country\\nalso. By comparing the amount of lumber manufactured\\nand received here from other points by rail, with the\\nreceipts for the preceding year, 1881, it will be found that\\nthere is a decrease of 5,207,334 feet, which decrease is due\\nto the cause mentioned above.\\nFor a great many years after the erection of steam saw\\nmills here the gang saws were the only ones used, but\\nof late years they have been generally superseded by the\\ncircular saw, experience having show^n that the latter are\\nmuch more desirable, as well as economical, and they are\\nnow used by most of the mills in the city and vicinity.\\nThe quality of the lumber manufactured here is as good", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0208.jp2"}, "209": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 199\\nas any made elsewhere, and much better for ship-building\\nthan that of any place farther South, While the lumber\\nof Georgia and Florida has a finer grain, and also a thinner\\nsap, which makes it more desirable in some cases, still it is\\nnot as tough or as lasting as our own, and considering the\\nvariety of uses to which it is put, we can confidently say\\nthat there is no better lumber in the world than our pitch\\npine.\\nThe mills now in operation here are as follows Messrs.\\nEdward Kidder Son, Mr. A. Gf. Wilson, Messrs. Northroi^\\nGumming, Messrs. J. H. Chadbourn Co., and Messrs.\\nParsley Wiggins. Mr. J. W. Taylor s mill, which was\\nlocated at the foot of Walnut street, was destroyed by fire\\na short time since, but is now being rebuilt.\\nThe power used in these mills is from 75 to 100 horse\\npower, and they are callable of supplying any demand\\nthat may be made upon them.\\nPEANUTS.\\nBr. Porcher,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 in his Medical Botany of the Southern\\nStates, published in Charleston, in 1869, refers to this\\nproduct as ground-nUt pindar peanut goober-nut\\n{Arachis Jiypogoea)^ brought by the negroes from Africa\\nand continues\\nThe peanut preserves its germinative powers for 40 years.\\nLarge quantities were exported from Senegal, on account\\nof the oil which was exj^ressed from them, and which was\\nthen, as now, much valued.\\nAccording to the analysis of Pagen, and Henry, it is\\nvery difficult for the oil to become rancid. In a letter from\\nMr. W. Gr. Simms, in 1863, he writes as follows:\\nYou speak of the ground-nut as a substitute for coffee.\\nBut as coffiee it is a very inferior thing to its use as choco-\\nlate. The manufacture of chocolate cakes out of the\\nground-nut alone, and without a particle of cocoa, is an\\nimmense and most profitable part of Northern manufacture.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0209.jp2"}, "210": {"fulltext": "200 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nWe make it in my family, of a quality not inferior to any\\nyou buy. To prepare it for tlie table, it is beaten in a\\nmortar. At the North, I have been told that the hulls are\\nground up with the nut, and I do not doubt that this is an\\nimprovement, as qualifying the exceeding richness of the\\nnut, which I have usually found too rich prepared as\\nchocolate in our way.\\nThe ground-nut and iDene make rich and nutricious soup,\\nand act as substitutes for meat. They are often parched\\nand beaten up with sugar, and served as a condiment or\\ndessert. The ground-nut is cultivated to some extent in\\nthe Southern States, and great use is made of it on the\\nplantations as an article of food, and for various domestic\\npurposes it is exported with profit, but troublesome to\\nprepare. I am not aware of any use being made in the\\nCarolinas, of the oil which it aifords on exi)ression.\\nThe above was published in Dr. Porcher s report on\\nMedical Botany of the South, 1849. Since the war it is\\nlargely employed. The superintendent of the Rockfish\\nFactory, in North Carolina, writes that he has used the\\npeanut oil by the side of the sperm, and that it works fully\\nas well.\\nThe North Carolina Advertiser published the following:\\nThe vine, when the pea is removed, makes an excellent\\nforage for cattle, and is said to be equal to the best North-\\nern hay. From the nut is ex]3ressed a valuable oil. During\\nthe war this oil was extensively used in our machine shoi)S,\\nand its lubricatory properties are pronounced by compe-\\ntent authority to be superior to those of whale oil, for the\\nreason that it does not gum at all. One quality of the oil\\nis extensively employed in the composition of medicines\\nanother is used for burning purposes, and possesses the\\nvirtue of not smoking, while a third makes a really excel-\\nlent salad condiment.\\nSuch, and so varied and important, are the uses to which\\nthis simple product can be devoted\u00e2\u0080\u0094 uses which the unin-\\nformed, who have, perhaps, regarded it only in the light of", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0210.jp2"}, "211": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 201\\nan indigestible bulb, would never suspect to proceed from\\nits cultivation.\\nThe oil was expressed, by screw pressure, by parties\\nnear Manning, S. C. Mr. Dyson obtained three quarts of\\noil from a bushel of the nuts.\\nDr. Wood states that it is a non-drying oil, and will not\\ndo for painting, but is used for various purposes in the\\narts, for lubricating machinery, and in the manufacture of\\nwoolen cloth and would serve, adds Dr. Wood, for burn-\\ning in lamps, giving even a better light than sperm oil.\\nAm. J. Pharm., July, 1860. U. S. Disp., 12th Ed.\\nIn 1862, Messrs. T. C. and B. G. Worth established a\\npeanut oil mill in W^ilmington, and manufactured from the\\npeanuts grown in this vicinity, a su|)erior article of oil,\\n(but not fully equal to sperm oil,) w^hich they sold to\\nnearly all the cotton mills and other manufactories through-\\nout the South, during the remaining period of the war. It\\nwas found an excellent substitute for machine oil, having\\nlittle tendency to gum.\\nThe entire necessary machinery for hulling the nut and\\nexpressing the oil, was improvised by the late Mr. Thomas\\nL. Colville, of this place, who bore a high reputation as an\\ningenious mechanic.\\nThe oil sold during the war at from $3 to $30 per gallon,\\nin the dej)reciating currency. The cake was considered\\nmost valuable as fattening food for stock, and brought\\ncorrespondingly high prices.\\nThe North Carolina peanut crop is grown on the hum-\\nmock lands, upon the immediate coast, between the South\\nCarolina line and Beanfort, N. C. The average yield per acre\\nis about 30 bushels, and it is considered a fairly remunerative\\ncrop, as the same lands in corn, cotton, or any other crop\\nusually grown in this section, would likely not produce, in\\nvalue, one-half the amount. The average crop for the last\\nten years is 125,000 bushels, and the price $1.25 per bushel\\nof 28 lbs. The estimate of this year s croj) is 150,000", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0211.jp2"}, "212": {"fulltext": "202 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nbushels but, on account of low prices and bad weather\\nsince the harvest, not more than one-fourth of it has yet\\nbeen marketed,\\nWilmington being the most central point, almost the\\nentire crop (and much of it in a very crude and unsalable\\ncondition) is marketed here, and by the dealers put in\\nmerchantable order, and dealt out to the trade, the\\nmarkets being mostly Northwestern and Southern cities.\\nRICE.\\nRice,* for which we are indebted to the Island of\\nMadagascar, was introduced into Carolina and America at\\nonce, toward the close of the seventeenth century. A few\\ngrains were sown in the garden of Landgrave Smith, the\\nsite of which is now entirely covered by houses and modern\\nimprovements, in the city of Charleston. Those few grains\\nproduced many ears, which, being disseminated for seed,\\nsucceeded in adaptation to the climate and the low country\\nof South Carolina since has become the centre of the rice-\\ngrowing region. The first seed was white, such as is grown\\nin China and Gfuiana to this day, and such as may still be\\nseen produced on the uj)lands and inlands of America.\\nSometime before the Revolutionary War the gold\\nseed rice was introduced, which, owing to its superiority,\\nsoon entirely superseded the white. It is now the rice of\\ncommerce, and the only grain referred to herein, when rice\\nis mentioned, without being distinguished by some peculiar\\nname or characteristic.\\nThis gold seed has undergone improvement in latter\\nyears. Hence has resulted the i)roduction of a variety\\nlonger in the grain, but not perceptibly larger otherwise,\\nwhich is highly esteemed by foreign consumers, when it is\\nproduced in i)erfection, commanding the highest prices in\\nmarket. It is called long-grain rice, and was obtained\\nfrom the sowing of part of a single head on the plantation\\nilesourccs of the Southern Fields and Forests, by F. P. Torcher, M. D.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0212.jp2"}, "213": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 203\\nof the late Hon. Joshua John Ward, of Waccamaw. The\\nwhite rice of the present day measures three-eighths of an\\ninch in length, the same in circumference around its shorter\\naxis, the grain being in shape an irregular elipsoid, and\\nin weight numbers nine hundred and sixty grains to the\\nounce (Troy). The gold seed, the rice of commerce,\\nmeasures three-eighths of an inch in length, the same in\\ncircumference, and in weight numbers eight hundred and\\nninety-six grains to the ounce. The long grain rice\\nmeasures live-twelfths of an inch in length, three-eighths\\nof an inch in circumference, and in weight numbers eight\\nhundred and forty grains to the ounce.\\nThe system of culture for one is suitable for any of\\nthese varieties. The lirst, it is said, will bear upland cul-\\nture better. The last (long-grain), it is supposed, will\\nbear water better. It does not tiller as much, shoots up a\\ntaller stock and linger head, but does not beai: as many\\ngrains to the head as the other, and more commonly\\napproved kind of gold seed.\\nWe begin the preparation for a new crop by (clearing out\\nthe ditches every third year the drains are cleaned out\\nevery year after plowing) plowing the land as soon after\\nthe harvest as the fields can be gleaned, and the scattered\\nrice left on the surface be sprouted. The stubble is turned\\nunder by running a deep furrow, say eight inches. This\\nmay be continued until the end of January. The sods\\nshould have the benefit of the entire winter frosts, if pos-\\nsible, the influence of which disintegrates and prepares\\nthem duly for the levelling. Both plowing and harrowing\\nare ]3erformed, ordinarily, by oxen two yoke being re-\\nquired if we g9 deeper than six to eight inches and two\\nyoke get on badly in the swamp. The Tuscany breed\\nfurnishes the best oxen for our climate.\\nIn March, or when about preparing to i^lant, the harrows\\nwill be made to pass over the plowed ground. After deep\\nplowing, the plow turns should be broken up with the", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0213.jp2"}, "214": {"fulltext": "204 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nspade, sinking the spade as deep as the plow has gone, say\\neight inclies an able-bodied man will break up in this\\nway, and thoroughly, a surface of fifteen hundred square\\nfeet in a day. The field should be well drained, however.\\nThe hoe follows to cut up and break the remaining clods\\nand level the surface. The more the soil is comminuted,\\nand the surface brought to a common level, the better.\\nThe trenchers then come in with hoes made for the purpose,\\nand trace out with great accuracy the drills in which to\\nsow the seed, fourteen, thirteen or twelve inches ax)art from\\ncentre to centre. They will average (some drawing stake-\\nrows and others filling ux) the panels) three-quarters of an\\nacre to the hand in a day s work.\\nWhen the land is new the trench should be broad, say\\nfive inches, and the rice maybe scattered in the trench;\\nbut for old land, and most of rice land is now old, narrow\\ntrenching hoes are preferred, opening a drill three inches\\nwide. Infected with grass-seed and volunteer rice, old land\\nrequires close hoeing, and every seed that vegetates outside\\nthe drill is cut up and destroyed.\\nThe field is now in high tilth, and resembling somewhat\\na garden spot, is ready for the seed. The sowers, with\\ngreat care, yet with wonderful facility and precision, string\\nthe seed in the drills, x utting two and a half or two and a\\nquarter bushels to the acre. The labor of sowing depends\\nso much ui)on the state of the weather, whether windy or\\nmoist, or otherwise, it is better not to require any given\\ntask. Generally each woman will accomx)lish two or three\\ntasks and do it well it should never be done otherwise, for\\nthe seed cannot be recovered if too thick, nor if too thin\\ncan the sowing be repeated without needless waste and\\nincreased irregularity.\\nThe best hands are chosen to sow rice. When rice is to\\nbe covered with water, without a previous covering of earth,\\nthe seed must first be prepared by rolling it in claj^ed\\nwater. There are many planters who still prefer the old", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0214.jp2"}, "215": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 205\\nsystem, covering the seed with earth. In this case, after\\nthe seed is covered, the water is taken on the field for five\\nor six days to sprout the grain, when it is drawn off, and\\nis returned only when the sprout, in the needle state,\\nis seen fairly above the ground.\\nThis, the point How, is held about four days and then\\ndrawn off; after which the culture is the same as above\\ndescribed throughout. The sowing done, water is forth-\\nwith admitted (two tides are better than one), and the field\\nremains covered until the sprout becomes green and begins\\nto fork. The water must then be withdrawn, else the\\nplants will be forced to the surface by any slight agitation\\nand float away from their position. The reasoning for a\\nsuccessful substitution of a covering of water for a cover-\\ning of earth in planting rice, and also for the requisition\\nof sound and perfectly full seed, will be found in the law\\nof germination and growth.\\nProfessor Johnston thus expresses it: When a seed\\nis committed to the earth, if the warmth and moisture\\nare favorable it begins to sprout. It pushes a shoot\\nupwards, it thrusts a root downwards but until the\\nleaf expands and the root has fairly entered the soil, the\\nyoung plant derives no nourishment other than water,\\neither from the earth or from the air. It lives on the starch\\nand gluten contained in the seed.\\nIn the case of rice covered with water, the first shoot is\\nradical and tends downwards but it does not take root\\nuntil the air is admitted to the leaf, the lungs of the\\nplant, then it becomes rooted instantly. If the water be\\nnot reduced when the sjDrout becomes green, (until the\\nsprout is green it cannot bear the rays of the sun,) the\\nexpanding of the leaf in the water will draw ur) the unfixed\\nroot and the whole will rise and float upon the surface.\\nThe water, after floating the trash to the banks, should\\nat no time be over deep, lest the process of germination be\\ndelayed, and with any imi)erfect or defective grains, be\\nprevented altogether.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0215.jp2"}, "216": {"fulltext": "206 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nIn Georgia, on one of Dr. Daniels i)lantations, near\\nSavannah, tlie Italian method has been pursued with a\\ngood degree of success, namely The seed is first sprouted,\\nthen sown broadcast over the field and covered up by the\\nharrow, which, being reversed, is drawn over the surface.\\nThe culture there is with water chiefly.\\nIn twenty days after, or thereabouts, the rice is hoed\\nand flowed deep, the water over-topping the plant for two\\nor three days, in order to destroy the young grass just\\nspringing up among the j^lants, and also the insects that\\nmay have lodged upon the blades, or which may have been\\ngenerated among the stumps or roots, or stubble. At the\\nend of two or three days, the water is slacked down to\\nabout half the height of the plant, now somewhat stretched.\\nAt this dej^th it is held until the plants grow strong enough\\nto stand erect, and will admit the laborers to walk between\\nthe trenches and pull out the long grass which shows itself,\\nand which will now yield to very slight effort. If any\\nrushes appear, they will now be plucked up by the root\\nand borne out to the banks.\\nTwo days after this weeding, the long water will gradu-\\nally be drawn off. In Georgia, and elsewhere perhaj)s,\\nthis is called the stretch flow. In that State, as well as\\nin some parts of Carolina, the practice is common to\\ncontinue the point flow into the stretch or long flow,\\nwithout drawing the water until the latter be over. This\\nfree use of water, as it may be made to substitute one\\nhoeing, may enable the planter to cultivate seven or eight\\nacres to the hand, instead of five and six as of old. But,\\nthe proprietor who sufl*ers this method to be practiced in\\nhis culture, year by year, if his young crop be not often\\ntroubled by the maggot or root-worm, will probably find\\nhis land so polluted with water grasses after several years,\\nand so packed as to require rest and change of system to\\nameliorate it.\\nA succeeding tide will be taken in and let ofl imme-\\ndiately, in order to wash out the ditches. Two men.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0216.jp2"}, "217": {"fulltext": "WILMIlSrGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 207\\nfurnished, each with a long-handled rake of curved iron\\nteeth, are put to rake from the ditches all the water-growth\\nwhich impedes the draining, placing it on the side of the\\nbank. In eight days (the land by that time should be\\ndry) the smaller hoes are used, and the soil is stirred as\\ndeep as it can be with them.\\nThe hoe now used has been reduced, latterly, to four\\ninches in breadth. The plant just recovering from the\\neffects of long water, and taking a dry growth, is putting\\nforth new green blades and fresh roots, which, not long\\nenough yet to be interfered with by the deep hoeing, very\\nsoon yield to the grateful influence of the air admitted,\\nshoot vigorously into the loosened earth, and nourish a\\ngood stalk.\\nIn the course of fifteen or eighteen days, the field is hoed\\nagain and weeded. This last hoeing is also done with the\\nsmall hoes, but very lightly, to avoid disturbing the roots\\nwhich are now extended nearly midway between the\\ntrenches. As the plant is now beginning to joint, the\\nlaborers will step about with care, for if one be broken at\\nthe joint it cannot be restored.\\nA day or two after this third hoeing, the water is put on\\nagain, as deep as the last long flow, and is gradually\\nincreased in depth, after the rice heads have fairly shot\\nout.\\nThis is called the lay-by flow. Some planters have\\nthis flow very shallow, insisting that a deep flow breeds\\nworms, to the injury of the plant before it has shot out,\\nin which case the only remedy is to dry. Up to the time\\nof this flow, is about ninety days for rice sown the first\\nweek in April. After this, to the period of maturity, is\\nfrom sixty to seventy days, during which the water\\nis often changed, and kept fresh, but is never entirely\\nwithdrawn until the grain be ripe for the harvest. The\\nimproved and best means of keeping the water fresh,\\nis to furnish the field with two trunks\u00e2\u0080\u0094 one to admit fresh", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0217.jp2"}, "218": {"fulltext": "208 WiLMINtlTON^, iS^ORTH 0ArvOLiN A.\\nwater at every flood tide, and the other to void it with the\\nebb, so tliat twice in every twenty-four hours there is\\nobtained a slight current through the field. This, besides\\nlessening the infection of the atmosphere {miasmata) by\\nstagnant water, keeps the roots of the plant cool and\\nhealthy, though it i^ostpones the ripening of the rice some\\nfive or eight days.\\nMeantime, should any grass have escaped the i3r8vious\\nhoeings and weedings, it will show its crest before the rice\\nmatures and be i^lucked up by the roots. All white rice\\nwill be stripped off by hand.\\nHarvest. And now the grain is ripe for the sickle. The\\nrice is cut a day before you will say it is fully ripe. For\\nrice sown A]}yiI first, the harvest begins usually from the\\nfirst to the tenth of September. The water is drawn off\\nover-night. Soon after the rising of a bright autumn sun,\\nthe reapers are seen amid the thick hanging grain, shoulder\\nhigh, mowing it down with the old-fashioned sickle.\\nBefore the dew is all gone, the rice is laid prostrate, even\\nand orderly across the i)orous stubble. The next daj^,\\nwhen quite dry of dew, it is tied up in sheaves, and borne\\naway to the threshing yard, where it is well stacked before\\nthe night dew falls heavy. This last heavy but gleeful\\nlabor completes the field culture of the rice plant.\\nDuring the last few years, the reclamation of old rice\\nlands on the Cape Fear, many of which have been restored\\nto a high and profitable state of cultivation, has been one\\nof our principal industries the i^resent acreage in the\\nvicinity of Wilmington on river lands being about 2,000\\nacres, Avhich will be increased next season about 700 acres.\\nThe receipts have, however, fallen much below those of\\nlast year, as will be seen from the table appended\\nReceipts last year upland rice. .66,313 bushels at this date,\\nthis ..37,382\\nDecrease 28,931", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0218.jp2"}, "219": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON NOKTII CAROLINA. 209\\nReceipts tide-water rice last year 51, 000 bushels at this date.\\nthis 41,191\\nDecrease 9,809\\nThe cause of this decrease is variously accounted for, but\\nit is most likely owing to the risk consequent upon a\\nthreatened or possible change in the tariff laws, planters\\nbeing indisposed to prei)are new lands with prospective\\nforeign competition, which would inevitably render the\\ncultivation of American rice hopelessly unprofitable.\\nPrices for paddy have been ruling lower by 15 to 30\\ncents per bushel of 45 pounds, than last crop, and clean\\nrice from 1 to IJ cents per ^oound decline.\\nWashington, North Carolina, has sent to this market\\n10,000 bushels, as compared with 33,000 last year. These\\nreceipts naturally belong to Washington, where there is a\\na large rice mill, and would leave us with 27,000 bushels\\nwhite rice. The majority of these receipts have come from\\nEastern Carolina, and princix)ally from Newbern and\\nBeaufort.\\nGroldsboro has sent to this market 4,000 bushels War-\\nsaw, Wilson and Mt. Olive have shipped about 5,000\\nbushels. Some of our receipts have been sent to Northern\\nmills, but not over 9,000 bushels. Five thousand bushels\\nhave been shipped into South Carolina, and the remainder\\nmilled in our city.\\nThe clean rice from this port is chiefly shipped to New\\nYork, Boston and Philadel|)liia, where it receives an appre-\\nciative market, and is well known as the best rice milled\\nin this country. The erection of a mill in Wilmington has\\nmade a market for all grades, and planters are not com-\\npelled to ship their goods to other cities, and undergo the\\nmany losses already known to consignments. Should\\nCongress allow the present duty to remain, it is probable\\nthat nearly all the old rice land in this section will be\\nreclaimed and the Cape Fear regain its ancient reputation", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0219.jp2"}, "220": {"fulltext": "210\\nWILMESGTOX. fOBTn CAKOUXA.\\nwith reference to this most profitable and respectable\\nindustiy.\\nI app^id herewith a carefolly prepared table with refer-\\nence to the Cape Fear plantations and prodact, and proba-\\nble increase ::r nfx: vfiir\\nfZ OF PtASTATIOX.\\nI III|me\\nPLAXmiiS-\\n\u00c2\u00abjr::n.\\nTrainBte\\nFiirOiaks\\nKendal aad I^llipot\\nOaresdoa\\nFoint Peter and Forks.\\nFeiii.\\nBelTidete\\nGreea I^and.\\nMaDoiy-\\nDndleys.\\nCMd Town Creek.\\nHilton.\\nAVoodbom..\\nLyiins\\nThcwnbeny.\\nBeUviDe.\\nBeanClMix..\\nGliMtoabmy.\\nSij S,TW ._ N-av::,5-i i^- r\\nI 350 *6,000 I Jno. F. GarreU.\\n\u00c2\u00abl 50 Franos M. Moore.\\n7\\\\.* Fred. Kidder.\\ni Z.Ckv S. It. Fremont.\\n1S\u00c2\u00ab 6.a\u00c2\u00ab 1 5 J. W. Atkinson.\\n1\u00c2\u00ab\u00c2\u00bb i-50 Geo. W. Kidder.\\nS* 2.\u00e2\u0082\u00acfJ\u00c2\u00bb -_ J. D. McRae.\\nfti \u00c2\u00b1\u00c2\u00a5f* -y* Wm. Larkins.\\nTo Wm. HanklQs;.\\nm t,4 yj 3 B. A. HalJett.\\nr9i \u00c2\u00b1,c\u00c2\u00abio\\n-30 1.3\u00c2\u00bb ._ T. A. Watson and\\n75 238\u00e2\u0080\u0094 R- B. Wood. [Denni\\n_ j 225 D. D. Barber.\\n1\u00c2\u00bb H. M. Bowden.\\n_ 100 400 D. L. RoseeL\\nlrt i\u00c2\u00abW\u00c2\u00ab A. W. Reiffer.\\nJ i\\nPROVISIONS.\\nIn former years the trade in provisions was done by and\\nthrough wholesale grocers in this market, who not only\\nsupplied the retail demand of the city, bot who furnished\\nthe planters and distillers in onr conntiy section for a raditis\\nof sereral hundred miles. Of late years the trade has\\nfallen into the channel of prorision brokers, who, at a\\nsmall rate of commission, sell to the city dealers, and at\\ntimes to the outside trade, their daily requirements of com,\\nmeat hay, flour, oats, and other staple articles, at current", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0220.jp2"}, "221": {"fulltext": "WILMIXGTOX, NOP.TU CAROLINA. 211\\nprices in Chicago, Louisville and other supply markets,\\nplus the bare expense of freight and charges.\\nThe present annual consumption of provisions in this\\nmarket is estimated, upon actual receipts, as follows\\nCorn 5 ;n ,0Oj bushels.\\nMeat lo.OXJ boxes.\\nHay 1,5 X) tons.\\nFlour 5*\\\\(XX) barrels.\\nOats 15,000 bushels\\nThis enormous trade shows that the farmers and other\\nconsumers of provisions in and around WUmington pay\\nannually to the Chicago. Xew York and other remote\\nmarkets, the sum of one million five hundred thousand\\ndollars a ^ear fur provisions which ought to be raised by\\nour farmers themselves. Is it a wonder that Xorth Caro-\\nlina remains poor, or that our farmers who persist in\\nplanting cotton and working turpentine, to the utter neglect\\nof provisions and provender, are always behind i Perhaps\\nthe current low prices of cotton this year, compared with\\nthe unreasonably high cost of provisions, will teach our\\npeople an important lesson, which they have hitherto been\\nslow to learn.\\nFISHERIES.\\nThere are about fifty fisheries between Xew River and\\nFederal Point, the proceeds of nearly all of which find a\\nmarket in Wilmington, though a i)ortion is carried to\\nBeaufort and Morehead City; the bulk of the catch is,\\nhowever, brought here, and nearly all of thie fisheries\\non this side of Xew River, deal entirely with this place.\\nEight or ten years ago, from 4,Ch 3 to C,\u00c2\u00bbXX barrels of\\nmullets were brought to this port froift these fisheries, but\\nof late years the amount has been greatly reduced.\\nA fishery near the mouth of New River, which formerly\\nyielded during the season, from 2,000 to 3,0 X barrels, is\\nnow worthless, owing principally to a change in the chan-\\nnel, which has become so filled up with sand that it cannot", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0221.jp2"}, "222": {"fulltext": "212 WILMINGTON, NOllTII CAROLINA.\\nbe used, consequently the fisli have been diverted from it\\nentirely.\\nIn speaking of barrels offish, it is to be understood that\\nthough they are termed or called barrels, yet they are very\\nsmall, averaging generally not more than 80 lbs. net, and\\nand bringing in the market, from $3 to $4 a barrel.\\nThe fisheries of Messrs. W. E. Davis Son are located\\nat Zeke s Island, adjoining the works at New Inlet, where\\nthey have three seines at work, and a trap, ingeniously\\ncontrived for the purpose, in which many fish are taken.\\nThe fishery is carried on outside the bar and not in the\\nriver, and the quantity caught during the last season\\namounted to about 1,500 barrels of mullets, exclusive of\\nother kinds of fish taken in the seines. These mullets\\nare salted and barrelled, and are worth from $3.50 to $4.25\\na barrel, as per quality and size.\\nAll other varieties are shipped fresh, on ice, to the North\\nand to points in the interior of the State, and during the\\nseason about 300,000 pounds of fresh fish are shipped by\\nthis firm to nine different States, the bulk, however, going\\nto the cities of New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore\\nand as this industry is not yet fully developed, what\\nresults may we not expect when increased experience is\\nbrought to the assistance of energy and capital.\\nIn addition to their fisheries, the firm of Davis Son\\nhave erected at Zeke s Island, works for the manufacture\\nOil and Fish-scrap, the latter said to be an admirable\\nfertilizer.\\nThe season for mullets is during the months of August\\nSeptember, October an4 November and for shad, during\\nthose of February, March and April. About 11,000 shad\\nare brought here during the season, value about 14,000\\nhowever, not more than one third of the catch is disposed\\nof here, the remainder being shipped in every direction,\\nchiefiy North, and always by rail. The waters of the Cape\\nFear produce as fine shad as can be found anywhere, and\\nthey are eagerly sought after in the Northern markets.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0222.jp2"}, "223": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 213\\nThe sturgeon fishery is also getting to be an important\\nindustry. During the season, from the middle of March\\nto the last of October, an average of 2,000 pounds a week\\nof that fish is shipped from this port to New York, where\\nthere is a constant demand for it at remunerative prices.\\nIt is but recently that this fish has become an article of\\ncommerce. Formerly it was regarded as worthless and was a\\ngreat annoyance to fishermen, getting entangled in their\\nnets, and breaking them, and it was considered as a\\nnuisance only. A year or two ago, however, a shix3ment\\nwas made to New York as an experiment; the fish attracted\\nattention, and the aggregate of the business since is remark-\\nable,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 amounting now to more than 90,000 pounds during\\nt-he season, a most profitable industry, as it is derived\\nfrom a source hitherto regarded as worthless. They are\\nshipped in ice, like other fish, and by rail.\\nIt is said that the Cape Fear sturgeon is fully equal to\\nthat taken elsewhere, and prized esi^ecially for the roe,\\nwhich is carefully cleansed and rubbed to a pulp, and\\nhaving been mixed with salt, it is then sold at a high j)rice\\nas Caviare, a food highly prized by Continental i^eople,\\nparticularly the Russians, who monopolize the trade. The\\nfiesh of the sturgeon is also dried and smoked in small\\nstrips, and commands a ready sale, not unfrequently under\\nthe name of smoked salmon.\\nThe sturgeon is spoken of in England, to this day, as a\\nroyal fish, having in olden times been served with great\\npomj^, and esteemed most delicate in flesh and flavor. It was\\nalso given a conspicuous place in the feasts of the ancient\\nGreeks and Romans. Among our Cape Fear people, how-\\never, it is considered the coarsest and most vulgar dish\\nour market aff ords.\\nOur waters furnish nearly every variety of fish among\\nwhich are shad, mullets, blue fish or skipjack, speckled\\ntrout, pig fish, (one of the most delicate that swims), red\\nand black drum, black fish, rock or bass, Spanish mackerel", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0223.jp2"}, "224": {"fulltext": "214 WILMINGTON^, KORTII CAROLINA.\\n8un iisli, spots, croakers, sbeepbead, flounders, whiting,\\nsera, boneto, (tbree varieties), tarpin, (king of the sbad),\\ntautog, (weigbing from 20 to 40 lbs.), catfisb, c,, and also\\nvarious kinds of fresb water flsb, trout, percb, c.\\nIn 1714, Lawson gave the names of fisbin Nortb Carolina\\nas follows\\nWhales, several sorts, thrashers, devil fish, sword fish,\\ncrampois, bottle noses, porpoises, sharks, (two sorts), dog\\nfish, Spanish mackerel, cavallies, bonetos, blue fish, drum,\\n(red), drum, (black), angel fish, bass, or rock fish, sheep\\nhead, plaice, flounder, soles, mullets, shad, fat backs,\\nguard, (white),guard, (green), scate, or sting ray, thornback,\\ncougar eels, lamprey eels, eels, sunfish, toad fish, sea tench,\\ntrout of the salt water,croakers,herring,smelts,shad, breams,\\ntaylors. The fresh water fish are Sturgeon, pike, trouts,\\ngudgeon, perch, English perch, white perch, brown, or\\nWelchmen perch, flat, and mottled, or Irishmen perch,\\nsmall and flat, with red spots, called round robbins, carp,\\nroach, dace, loaches, sucking fish, catfish, grindals, old\\nwives, fountain fish, white fish. The shell fish are Large\\ncrabs, called stone crabs, smaller flat crabs, oysters, great\\nand small, cockles, clams, muscles, conchs, scallops, man\\nof noses, perriwinkles, or wilks, sea snail horns, fiddlers,\\nrunners, Spanish, or pearl oysters, fiattings, tortoise and\\nterebin, finger fish, shrimps. Those of the fresh water are\\ncrawfish and muscles.\\nThe extent of the oyster business is also worthy of con-\\nsideration. Our best oysters come from New Eiver,\\nadjoining the county of Onslow. The beds are said to be\\ninexhaustible, and there are no better oysters in the\\ncountry. Myrtle Grove oysters are smaller than the New\\nEiver, yet compare favorably in flavor with the bulk of\\nthose grown elsewhere.\\nFrom 350 to 400 gallons of oysters are received here\\nduring a week of seven days about 50 gallons a day, and\\nduring the months of October, November, December and", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0224.jp2"}, "225": {"fulltext": "WILMINGT0I7, NOKTII CAROLINA. 215\\nJanuary, from 1,200 to 1,500 gallons a month are shipped\\nto other points; after that time the demand gradually falls\\noff, and not more than a fourth of that amount is sold.\\nThe price varies as to quality, from 65 cents to $1.00 per\\ngallon there are none shipped in the shell.\\nThe terrapin is caught in our waters, and has become\\nalmost indispensable to the epicure. The diamond back\\nterrapin is the most valuable of the species. They are\\ncaught at the mouth of the river and in all the bays of our\\nSounds. It is safe to say that the llesli is worth $1.00 a\\npound their scarcity makes them so valuable not more\\nthan 60 dozen were caught here last season for market.\\nThey are kept in water pens for propagation, and can be\\ndomesticated as easily as a pig or fowl. Though not\\nabundant as yet, with proper care and attention they can\\nbe greatly increased, and will be a source of i)rofit in the\\nfuture to those who undertake their proi)agation. It is a\\nmatter of surprise to many that the trade in terrapins and\\nsoft-shelled crabs is so much neglected by our fishermen.\\nA small investment of capital, backed by careful industry\\nin the propagation of oysters, terrapins and crabs on our\\nsea-coast, would undoubtedly yield large returns.\\nTHE DRY GOODS BUSINESS.\\nIt would astonish the old-time citizens, say those who\\nflourished here about fifty years ago, could they return to\\nthe scene of their labors and see, not only the vast increase\\nin the dry goods trade of Wilmington, in which many of\\nthem were engaged, but also the entirely different manner\\nin which the business is conducted. Then, at all the retail\\ndry goods stores, credit, generally for twelve months, was\\nthe rule and cash the exception. Now, the reverse is true,\\nor if credit is given it is for so short a time (scarcely ever\\nmore than thirty days) that it is regarded as equivalent to\\ncash. The manner in which the business was then con-", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0225.jp2"}, "226": {"fulltext": "216 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nducted would not be tolerated by the mercliants of this\\nprogressive age at this time.\\nTo mention but one custom whicli was universally i^rac-\\nticed whenever a lady customer was not disposed to do\\nher own shopping, a servant was despatched to the propri-\\netors of diflferent stores, with instructions to send by said\\nservant, certain articles of merchandise which she desired\\nto see, and, as was frequently the case, the costliest goods,\\nsuch as laces, silks, piece goods, etc., could be seen at\\nalmost any hour of the day in huge bundles deftly balanced\\nupon the heads of colored servants, passing to and fro upon\\nthe streets. It was the universal custom, and though of\\ncourse a great annoyance at times to the proi^rietors, could\\nnot well be avoided it is to be borne in mind, however,\\nthat that was prior to tlie era here of railroads and tele-\\ngrajihs and besides, wiiat could be done then with\\nimpunity and without fear of loss, from the smallness of\\nthe population of the town, could not now be attemj)ted,\\neven if our merchants were so inclined, owing to the\\nchanged condition of our social affairs. It is estimated\\nthat the yearly business of the town in those days did not\\namount to more than two hundred and fifty thousand\\ndollars, including all classes of goods that were usually kept\\nin stores in those days. The princii^al dealers of that time\\nwere Alexander Anderson, John Wooster, Kyle Dawson,\\nWright Savage, W. Z. Latimer, W. A. Williams,\\nSamuel Shuter and the business ^vas confined to a retail\\nlocal trade and to the plantations adjoining the town. Such\\nan institution as a wholesale establishment for dry goods was\\nnot only unknown, but never dreamed of. As evidencing\\nthe wonderful improvement in that business between the\\nWilmington of the past and the Wilmington of the present,\\nit is only necessary to mention the following\\nThe annual sales of dry goods in Wilmington at the\\npresent time will not fall short of a million and a half of\\ndollars, including sales at wholesale and retail. There are", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0226.jp2"}, "227": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAEOLINA. 217\\none or two jobbing houses, one particularly, whose sole\\nbusiness is jobbing goods. The facilities here for buying\\nat wholesale are. equally as good as in Richmond or Balti-\\nmore, and the luices will compare favorably with either of\\nthose points. It should be borne in mind that the jobbing\\nbusiness, which was formerly carried on almost entirely in\\nNew York and other Northern cities, is now conducted by\\nhouses located in Southern cities. They are familiar with\\nthe wants of the surrounding country, are known to the\\npeople of the neighborhood, sell ux)on as good terms as\\ncan be obtained in Northern markets, and hence control\\nthe trade, for our people are becoming more disposed every\\nyear to trade at home, other things being equal, than\\nabroad. There are jobbing houses in Richmond, in Charles-\\nton and in Savannah, two or three in each city, and these\\ncommand the trade from numerous points in the South, and\\nin consequence the immense business heretofore done in\\nNew York, which formerly had been the centre of that\\ntrade, has greatly declined. It must not be supposed,\\nhowever, that there has been any decrease in the volume of\\nbusiness transacted in that city. Those houses which for-\\nmerly did a jobbing business, now^ confine themselves to\\npackages, that is, selling by iDackage, and not by piece.\\nIn estimating the extent of the dry goods business of\\nWilmington it is to be understood that a comparatively^\\nnew business, that of ready-made clothing, is included.\\nGoods of as fine quality as can be found elsewhere can\\nalways be obtained in oar city, and it may be as w^ell to\\nstate that the custom of the surrounding country which\\nseeks its supplies at this jooint is not only desirable, but\\neagerly sought after by other places. Nearly every variety\\nof goods known to the trade is kept in stock, and it may\\nsurprise some to learn that last season nearly, if not quite,\\nfive thousand bales (not pieces) of domestic and plaids, the\\nproducts of the factories of our own State, were disposed\\nof in this market alone* This fact is extremely gratifying,", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0227.jp2"}, "228": {"fulltext": "218 WILMINGTON, NOETII CAROLINA.\\nas it shows that our own fabrics are in greater demand than\\nthose manufactured elsewhere and it follows, as a natural\\nsequence, that the quality must be better, or there would\\nnot be so great a demand for them. There is another and\\ndistinct branch of business which has grown to large\\ndimensions, and deserves special notice the shoe trade.\\nFor many years there was but one shoe store in Wilming-\\nton, and that was wholly confined to the retail trade. The\\nbusiness has so rapidly increased within the past few years\\nthat it amounts to at least half a million dollars annually.\\nIn former years there was simj)ly a local demand, now a\\nlarge amount of caxntal is required to meet the increasing\\ndemands of the business, and wholesale buyers find in our\\nmarket large and well selected stocks from which to make\\nselections. It is increasing every year, and as new avenues\\nof trade are opened up around us, converging towards this\\npoint, we have every reason to anticipate a large increase\\nin that particular branch of business, and a very valuable\\nadjunct to the prosperity of our city.\\nThese evidences of the jDrosperity of Wilmington must\\nsurely be gratifying to all who feel an interest in her f uture^\\nThough they have been gradual, they are none the less\\nremarkable, and we have every reason to believe that they\\nwill continue to increase. Revolutions do not go back-\\nward, old things have long since passed away, and if all\\nthings have not yet become new, they are certainly under-\\ngoing a rapid transformation. The tide of prosi:\u00c2\u00bberity is\\nswee}3ing around us on every side. Be it our care to take\\nadvantage of the fiood that leads to fortune, and place our\\nold town full breast high in the front rank of commercial\\nsuccess.\\nFERTILIZERS.\\nThe movement of gnano from Wilmington, during the\\nyear 1882, is shown by the accompanying tables, which\\nindicate a business aggregating about 321,786 bags, valued\\nat 11,287,144. These statistics have not hitherto been", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0228.jp2"}, "229": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAROLINA. 219\\nrecorded, and the figures have been ascertained after much\\nresearch and carefulness. The value is e stimated as nearly\\nas possible from prices quoted for the several brands and\\nclasses of fertilizers referred to. It will be seen that the\\nCarolina Central Railroad carries largely in excess of any\\nother means of transportation from this market.\\nFERTILIZERS\\nPer Carolina Central Rail Road, 1882.\\n^iiauo 124,320 Bags.\\nKainit 34^848\\nPhosphate 16 7(50\\nDissolved Bone ll sil\\nChemical Fertilizers 1*912\\nCotton Fertilizers 2002\\nLime 678\\nStone 50 u\\nEureka lOO\\nAcid 450\\nSulphate 1\\nTotal 191,962\\nPer Wilmington, Columbia Augusta Rail Road, 1882.\\nJanuary 13,092 Bags.\\nFebruary 35^638\\nMarch 38,783\\nApril 6,908\\nMay 192\\nOctober o^\\nNovember 80\\nDecember 2 550\\nTotal 97,263\\nPer Wilmington Weldon Rail Road, 1882.\\nJanuary 1^320 Bags.\\nFebruary 2 152\\nMarch 3 750\\nApril 2, 085\\nMay 120\\nJune 20\\nAugust 957\\nSexjtember 827\\nOctober 200\\nNovember I37\\nDecember 9,377\\nTotal 20,945", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0229.jp2"}, "230": {"fulltext": "220 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA,\\nPer Steamees up the Cape Fear River, 1882,\\nGuano 8,409 Bags.\\nChemicals 881\\nKaiuit 1,232\\nPhosphate 679\\nFertilizers 288\\nBones 127\\nTotal 11,616\\nLime 825 Bbls.\\nTURPENTINE PRODUCTS.\\nF. Andrew Micliaux, in his treatise on the resinons\\ntrees of North America, published in Paris, in 1819, says\\nThe resinous product of the pine is of six sorts, viz\\nturpentine, scrapings, spirit of turpentine, rosin, tar and\\nj)itch. The two last are delivered in their natural state;\\nthe others are modified by the agency of fire in certain\\nmodes of preparation. More particularly turpentine is\\nthe sap of the tree obtained by making incisions in its\\ntrunk. It begins to distil about the middle of March,\\nwhen the circulation commences, and flows with increasing\\nabundance as the weather becomes warmer, so that July\\nand August are the most productive months. When the\\ncirculation is slackened by the chills of autumn, the oper-\\nation is discontinued, and the remainder of the year is\\noccupied in preparatory labours for the following season,\\nwhich consist\u00e2\u0080\u0094 first, in making the boxes. This is done in\\nJanuary and February in the base of each tree, about 3\\nor 4 inches from the ground, and of preference, on the\\nsouth side, a cavity is formed, commonly of the capacity of\\nthree pints, but x)roportioned to the size of the trunk, of\\nwhich it should occui )y a quarter of the diameter on\\nstocks more than 6 feet in circumference, two, and some-\\ntimes four boxes are made on opposite sides. Next comes\\nthe raking, or the clearing of the ground at the foot of the\\ntrees from leaves and herbage, by which means they are\\nsecured against the fires that are often kindled in the woods\\nby the carelessness of travellers and wagoners.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0230.jp2"}, "231": {"fulltext": "WIL3IINGT0N, NORTH CAROLINA. 221\\nIf tlie flames gain the boxes already impregnated witli\\nturi^entine, tliey are rendered useless, and others must be\\nmade. Notching is merely making at the sides of the box\\ntwo oblique gutters, about 3 inches long, to conduct into it\\nthe sap that exudes from the edges of the wound. In the\\ninterval of a fortnight, which is emploj^ed in this operation,\\nthe first boxes become tilled with sap. A wooden shovel\\nis used to transfer it to pails, which in turn are emptied\\ninto casks placed at convenient distances. To increase the\\nproduct, the upper edge of the box is cJiqyj^edonQQ a week,\\nthe bark and a ijortion of the alburnum being removed to\\nthe depth of four concentrical circles. The boxes fill every\\nthree weeks. The turpentine thus procured is the best,\\nand is called pure dipping.\\nThe cldppin.gs extend the first year a foot above the box,\\nand as the distance increases, the operation is more fre-\\nquently repeated, to remove the sap coagulated on the\\nsurface of the wound. The closing of the pores, occasion-\\ned by continued rains, exacts the same remedy and it is\\nremarked that the produce is less abundant in moist and\\ncool seasons. After 5 or 6 years the tree is abandoned\\nthe upper edge of the wound becomes cicatrized, but the\\nbark is never restored sufficiently for the renewal of the\\nprocess.\\nIt is reckoned that 250 boxes yield a barrel containing\\n320 lbs. Some persons charge a single negro with the care\\nof 4,000 or 4,500 trees of one box others, of only 3,000,\\nwhich is an easy task. In general, 3,000 trees yield, in\\nordinary years, 75 barrels of turpentine and 25 ot scraping,\\nwhich supposes the boxes to be emptied five or six times\\nin the season. The scraping is a coating of sap which\\nbecomes solid before it reaches the boxes, and which is\\ntaken off in the fall and added to the last runnings. In\\nNovember, 1807, the pure cli2: pingwiis sold at Wilmington\\nat $3 a barrel, and the scraping a quarter less.\\nIn 1804, the exportation to the Northern States, and to", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0231.jp2"}, "232": {"fulltext": "223 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nthe English possessions, amounted to 77,827 barrels.\\nDuring peace it comes even to Paris, where it is called\\nBoston turpentine. Throughout the United States it is\\nused to make yellow soap of a good quality. The con-\\nsumption in England is great, and, in the official state-\\nments, the value imported in 1807 is $465,828 in 1805,\\nLiverpool alone received 40,294 barrels, and in 1807, 18,924\\nbarrels. It was sold there in August, 1807, at $3 a hundred\\nl^ounds, and after the American embargo, in 1808, at $8 or\\n$9. Oddy omits, in his list of articles exported from\\nArchangel and Stockholm to Great Britain, the resinous\\nproduct of the pine, which has amounted to 100,000 barrels\\nof tar in a year.\\nA great deal of spirits of turpentine is made in North\\nCarolina it is obtained by distilling the turpentine in\\nlarge copper retorts, which are of an imperfect shape, being\\nso narrow at the mouth as to retard the operation. Six bar-\\nrels of turpentine are said to afford one cask or 122 quarts\\nof the spirit. It is sent to all parts of the United States\\neven to the Western Country, by way of Philadelphia, to\\nEngland, and to France, where it is preferred as less odor-\\nous, to that made near Bordeaux. In 1804, 19,526 gallons\\nwere exported from North Carolina. The residuum of the\\ndistillation is rosin, which is sold at one-third of the price\\nof turpentine. The exportation of this substance, in 1804,\\nwas 4,675 barrels.\\nAll the tar of the Southern States is made from dead\\nwood of the long-leaved pine, consisting of trees prostrated\\nby time or by the lire kindled annually in the forests, of\\nthe summits of those that are felled for timber, and of limbs\\nbroken off by the ice, which sometimes overloads the\\nleaves.\\nIt is worthy of remark that the branches of resinous\\ntrees consist almost wholly of wood, of which the organi-\\nzation is even more perfect than in the body of the tree\\nthe reverse is observed in trees with deciduous leaves the", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0232.jp2"}, "233": {"fulltext": "WILMnS^GTO:N NORTH CABOLIKA. 223\\nexplanation of the phenomenon I leave to i^ersons skilled\\nin vegetable physiology.\\nAs soon as vegetation ceases in any part of the tree, its\\nconsistence speedily changes; the sap decays, and the heart,\\nalready impregnated with resinous juice, becomes sur-\\ncharged to such a degree as to double its weight in a year:\\nthe accumulation is said to be much greater after 4 or 5\\nyears: the general fact may be proved by comparing the\\nwood of trees recently felled, and of others long since\\ndead.\\nTo procure the tar, a Tciln is formed in a part of the forest\\nabounding in dead wood this is first collected, stript of\\nthe sap, and cut into billets two or three feet long and\\nabout three inches thick a task which is rendered long\\nand difficult by the knots. The next step is to prepare a\\nplace for piling it for this purpose a circular mound is\\nraised, slightly declining from the circumference to the\\ncentre, and surrounded with a shallow ditch. The diameter\\nof the pile is proportioned to the quantity of wood which\\nit is to receive to obtain 100 barrels of tar, it should be\\nIS or 20 feet wide. In the middle is a hole with a conduct\\nleading to the ditch, in which is formed a receptacle for the\\ntar as it flows out. Upon the surface of the mound,\\nbeaten hard and coated with clay, the wood is laid round\\nin a circle like rays.\\nThe pile, when finished, may be compared to a cone\\ntruncated at two-thirds of its height, and reversed, being\\n20 feet in diameter below, 25 or 30 feet above, and 10 or 12\\nfeet high. It is then strewed with pine leaves, covered\\nwith earth, and contained at the sides with a slight cincture\\nof wood. This covering is necessary in order that the fire\\nkindled at the top may penetrate to the bottom with a slow\\nand gradual combustion if the whole mass was rapidly\\ninflamed, the operation would fail and the labour in part\\nbe lost in fine, nearly the same precautions are exacted\\nin this process as are observed in Europe in making char^", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0233.jp2"}, "234": {"fulltext": "224 WiLMiNGTOlsr, l^ORTIl CAKOLIjSTA.\\ncoal. A kiln wlilcli is to afford 100 or 130 barrels of tar, is\\n8 or 9 days in burning.\\nAs the tar flows off into the ditch, it is emptied into\\ncasks of 30 gallons, which are made of the same species of\\nwood.\\nPitch is tar reduced by evaporation it should not be\\ndiminished beyond half its bulk to be of a good quality.\\nIn 1807, tar and pitch were exported to England from the\\nUnited States, to the amount of $265,000 the tar was sold\\nin Liverpool, in August of the same year, at $4. 67 a barrel,\\nand when the embargo became known, at $5.56; from\\nwhich inferences may be drawn to the advantage of the\\nUnited States. At Wilmington the ordinary i^rice is from\\n$1.75 to $2.20 a barrel. Oddy informs us that the tar brought\\nto England between 1786 and 1799, came in equal proportions\\nfrom Russia, Sweden and the United States only a very\\nsmall quantity was drawn from Denmark.^! The Swedish\\ntar is the most highly esteemed in commerce, and next that\\nof Archangel that of the United States is considered\\ninferior to both, which is owing to its being made from\\ndead wood, while that of Euroj)e is extracted from trees\\nrecently felled. The tar of Carolina is said also to contain\\nearth this can be attributable only to the want of care in\\npreparing the receptacles if the same j^ains were taken in\\nthe fabrication, it would probably equal that of Euroj^e,\\nthough it must be considered that the tar of Russia and\\nSweden is produced by a different tree, a native of the\\nnorth of Europe. It has already been remarked that in\\nthe United States this manufacture is confined to the\\nmaritime i^art of North Carolina, and to a small tract of Vir-\\nginia but according to the rate of consumption in America\\nand Great Britain, the product would not long suffice if all\\nthe extensive regions covered with the long-leaved pine were\\nmade to contribute to this object, for the dead wood is said\\nnot to be renewed upon a tract that has been cleared, in less\\nthan ten or twelve years. It might be advantageous to", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0234.jp2"}, "235": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 225\\nmake use of green wood, or purposely to strip the trees of\\ntheir bark and perhaps in this way supplies might be\\nobtained equivalent to the demand of commerce. Great\\nbenefit would result from stripping the pines of a certain\\ndiameter of their bark they would pass completely into\\nthe resinous state in fifteen months, and would be proper\\nfor posts and many other uses which require strong and\\nlasting wood. This experiment, which I should have tried\\nwhen I was last in Sonth Carolina if the season had not\\nbeen too far advanced, should be made in April or the\\nbeginning of Mayj while the sap is in active circulation,\\nand the liber or inner bark should be exactly removed.\\nSince Michaux wrote the foregoing treatise three-quarters\\nof a century ago, there has been but little change in the\\npreparation for market of these far-famed products of our\\nState. The cavity or box is now made to hold two pints.\\nThe notching of his day is now called cornering, and instead\\nof a wooden shovel for the removal of sap, an iron imple-\\nment, called a dipper, is used. The pure dipping referred\\nto is now known as virgin turpentine and instead of a\\nnegro being charged with the care of 4,000 to 4,500\\nboxes, a good hand is now expected to chip 10,000 to\\n12,000 trees throughout the season, while the dipping is\\ndelegated to other laborers.\\nThe price of scrape is now only three-fifths of the\\nvalue of dip. Eight barrels of crude turpentine (pure\\ndipping) now yield one cask of 48 gallons spirits and\\nwhile theexi^orts of spirits turpentine from North Carolina\\nin 1804 were 19,526 gallons, they now amount to over\\n5,300,000 gallons. The exports of rosin in 1804 (4,075 bar-\\nrels) have since been increased to 554,000 barrels.^\\nFor the information of those who imagine that our influ-\\nence as a market for naval stores is waning, and that the\\ntrade is rapidly moving southward to the new districts in\\nGeorgia, I append the following official statistics by way\\nof comparison", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0235.jp2"}, "236": {"fulltext": "226\\nWILMINGTON^, NORTn CAROLIl^A.\\nComparative Statement of Receipts of Naval Stores for the crop years to\\nMarch loth of 1882 and 1883, at Wilmington, Charleston and Savannah.\\n1883.\\nMakch 10th.\\nWilmington.\\nCharleston...\\nSavannah\\nSpirits.\\nRosin.\\nTar.\\nCrude.\\n85,035\\n70,943\\n8B,573\\n406,519\\n285,149\\n378,244\\n65,250\\n65,206\\nTotal\\nBbis.\\n622,010\\n356,092\\n464,817\\n1882.\\nMarch 10th.\\nWilmington.\\nCharleston....\\nSavannah\\nSpirits.\\nEosiu.\\n83,148\\n51,123\\n52.695\\n419,995\\n215,725\\n244,5891\\nTar. I Crude.\\nI\\n59,511\\nTotal.\\nBbls.\\n85,1181 047,772\\nI 266,848\\ni 297,284\\nIn an old book containing the private correspondence of\\nDaniel A\u00c2\u00a5ebster, I find a letter dated Wilmington, May 0,\\n1847, as follows\\nAt 1 o clock yesterday, ten miles from this city, we met\\na special train, with a large deputation, headed by ex-\\nGovernor Dudley. The weather was bad, and the wind\\neast, and I was rather easily persuaded to stay over a day.\\nThe Governor brought us to his own house, where we are\\ngrandly lodged. I go to the hotel to meet the citizens at\\n11 o clock, and go off at half-past 2 this P. M., if the wind\\ngoes down. At present it blows rather hard. This is an\\nactive little city, built on the east side of the river, on sand\\nhills. The good people are Whigs, but out of the city,\\nand all round for fifty miles, it is a region whose politics\\nare personified by Mr. McKay. There is a thing,\\nHarry, which thou hast often heard of, and it is known to\\nmany in this land by the name of pitch, etc., etc. We\\nare here in the midst of this very thing, at the very centre\\nof the tar and turpentine region. The pines are long-leaved\\npines. In one of these, a foot from the bottom, a notch is\\ncut, and its capacity enlarged and its shape fashioned a", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0236.jp2"}, "237": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 227\\nlittle, SO as to hold the liquid, by chiseling, and then it is\\ncalled the box. Above the box the bark is cut off, for a\\nfoot or so, and the turpentine oozes out of the tree on to\\nthis smooth surface, and then runs slowly into the box.\\nThe box holds about a quart. In a good large tree it will\\ntill five times a season. Sometimes there are two boxes in\\none tree, so that some trees will yield ten quarts a year.\\nBut the greatest yield is the first year after that it is\\ngradual!}^ diminished, and in seven or eight years the tree\\ndies, or will yield no more turpentine. Tar is made by\\nbringing together wood, full of turpentine, either trees or\\nknots, and i)ieces picked up in the woods, and burning it\\nin a pit, just as charcoal is made, then running it off into a\\nhole prepared for it, in the ground. At the present price\\nof the article, this is said to be the best business now doing\\nin the State. I am told good, fresh, well- timbered pine\\nlands can be bought for $1.25 to $1.50 per acre.\\nOne barrel of turpentine distilled makes six gallons spirits.\\nThe residuum, or resin, is not of much value, say twenty-\\nfive cents a barrel. Tar and turpentine are now high, and\\nthe business good.\\nADULTERATION OF SPIRITS TURPENTINE.\\nSome months ago our Exchange received a visit from\\nMr. Ingall, of England, the senior partner of Messrs.\\nIngall, Phillips Co., proprietors of the principal tanks\\nin London, where sjDirits turpentine and petroleum are\\nstored. Mr. Ingall subsequently made a careful tour of\\nour entire turpentine-producing countrj^^, including South\\nCarolina, Georgia and Florida, his object being not only to\\nascertain the probable future product of turpentine by\\njudging himself of our resources, but to investigate alleged\\nor suspected attempts at adulteration, which the high\\nprices current for spirits turpentine naturally encouraged\\nin a country where petroleum and rosin oil, in a refined\\nstate, offered so many profitable inducements for adaptation.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0237.jp2"}, "238": {"fulltext": "328 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nMr. Ingall informed me that until recently, no regular\\nchemical tests had been ai:)plied to cargoes of spirits tur-\\npentine sent them for storage or tanking, and that various\\nattemi)ts had been made to pass a spurious article upon the\\nLondon market, which led to the engagement by them of\\nthe services of Prof. Henry E. Armstrong, Ph. D., F. R. S.,\\na well-known chemical expert of London, who now analyzes\\nwith great care every shij)ment received at the tanks for\\nthat market.\\nFrom these gentlemen I have before me, and subject to\\nthe insj)ectJon of any members of the Exchange, six sam-\\nples, labelled as follows (1) Average sample turpentine\\n(simits). (2) Average sample petroleum. (3) Turpentine\\n(spirits) and 10 per cent, benzine. (4) Turpentine (spirits)\\nand 10 per cent, petroleum. (5.) Turpentine (spirits) and 5\\nper cent, petroleum. (6) Turpentine (spirits) and 2| per\\ncent, petroleum.\\nAdulteration No. 3 seems to be the most successful\\ncomparing the pure spirits turpentine and its mixture with\\n10 per cent, petroleum spirit (benzine), no variation what-\\never in color is perceptible to the eye, and, no difference can\\nbe detected in the odor. The other mixed samples show\\nmore or less dissimilarity in color and odor, but would\\neasily deceive a casual observer.\\nOne of the methods of analysis is by the polarimeter.\\nPolarimetry has been employed in the examination of all\\nthose substances having the property of polarizing light.\\nFor instance, the rays of light falling upon a sample of\\nspirits of turpentine, give to the surface of the fluid a\\nbluish, opalescent hue, because of polarized light. The\\n13olarimeter, or polariscope, is an instrument devised to\\nestimate the polarity of a given fluid, and the amount of\\npolarity is expressed in degrees. Therefore a standard of\\npolarization being ascertained for a pure sjurit, all devia-\\ntions would indicate adulteration, or determine the origin\\nof the spirit, whether it be Russian, French or American.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0238.jp2"}, "239": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 229\\nWith reference to this beautiful test, Dr. Witthaus gives\\nthe following\\nPolar hnetry. A ray of light passing from one medium\\ninto another of different density, at an angle other than\\n90\u00c2\u00b0 to the plane of separation of the two media, is deflected\\nfrom its course or refracted. Certain substances have the\\npower, not only of deflecting a ray falling upon them in\\ncertain directions, but also of dividing it into two rays,\\nwhich are peculiarly modified. The splitting of the ray is\\ntermed double refraction, and the altered rays are said to\\nbe polarized. When a ray of such x)olarized light meets\\na mirror held at a certain angle, or a crystal of Iceland spar\\npeculiarly cut (a Nichols prism), also at a certain angle, it\\nis extinguished. The crystal which produces the polariza-\\ntion, is called the polarizer, and that which produces the\\nextinction the analyzer. If, when the polarizer and analy-\\nzer are so adjusted, as to extinguish a ray passing through\\nthe former, c^ertain substances are brought between them,\\nlight again passes through the analyzer, and in order again\\nto produce extinction, the analyzer must be rotated upon\\nthe axis of the ray to the right or to the left. Substances\\ncapable of thus influencing x)olarized light, are said to be\\noptically active. If, to produce extinction, the analyzer is\\nturned in the direction of the hands of a watch, the sub-\\nstance is said to be dextrogyrous if in the ojiposite direc-\\ntion, loewgyrous. The distance through which the analyzer\\nmust be turned, dej^ends U2)0n the peculiar power of the\\noptically active substance, the length of the column\\ninterposed, the concentration, if in solution, and the\\nwave-length *of the original ray of light. The specific\\nrotary power of a substance is the rotation produced,\\nin degrees and tenths, by one gram of the substance\\ndissolved in one cubic centimetre of a non-active solvent,\\nand examined in a column one decimetre long. The specific\\nrotary power is determined by dissolving a known weight\\nof the substance in a given volume of solvent, and observ-\\ning the angle of rotation produced by a column of given", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0239.jp2"}, "240": {"fulltext": "230 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAEOLINA.\\nlength. Then let weight in grams of the substance\\ncontained in 1 c. c. of solution j the length of the column\\nin decimetres the angle of rotation observed and\\nthe specific rotary power sought, we have\\na\\npi\\nIn most instruments monochromatic light, corresponding\\nto tlie-D line of the solar spectrum, is used, and the specific\\nrotary power for that ray, is expressed by the sign [a]u\\nThe fact that the rotation is right-handed is expressed by\\nthe sign and that it is left-handed by the sign\\nIt will be seen from the above formula that, knowing\\nthe value of [a]D for any given substance, we can determine\\nthe weight of that substance in a solution by the formula\\na\\n[\u00c2\u00ab]d I\\nAnother form of analysis is by ordinary distillation, and\\nstill another by treatment with sulphuric acid, and by\\nother chemical tests/\\nIn the American Journal of Fliarmacy for March, .1883,\\napj)ears a paper on the subject of Turpentine Its Nature\\nand adulterations, by Professor Armstrong, copied from\\nthe Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, which is\\nso replete with interesting matter, that at the risk of\\nappearing tedious with reference to its technicalities, I\\nreproduce it in full.\\nTURPENTINE ITS NATURE AND ADULTERATIONS.l\\nBy Professor Henry E. Armstrong, Ph.D., F.R.S.\\nJu the course of investigations on the terpenes, camphor ant] allied\\ncompounds, in whicli I liave been engaged during the several years\\npast, tlie opportunity has occurred of gradually collecting a number of\\n*Attempts at adulteration in the country have been foiled even after passing the\\nWilmington inspection, by the custom of some shippers, of marking the original\\nbrand on the end of the bung stave, in addition to the shipping brand on the head,\\nwlilch serves as a trace in case of need.\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nI From the Journal of tlie Society of Chemical Industry, December 29, 1882.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0240.jp2"}, "241": {"fulltext": "WiLMiNGTOlC, NORTH CAROLINA. S3l\\ndata which probably are of sufRcient technical value to find a place in\\nthe Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry.\\nTlianks to the kindness of my friend, Mr. E. Phillips, of Messrs.\\nlugall, Phillips Co., I was enabled to examine average samples of\\nmost of the cargoes of turpentine landed by his firm during the years\\n1877 to 1880, and thus to obtain a clear insight into the character of the\\ncommercial article. The high price of turpentine during the jjast few\\nseasons has undoubtedly led dealers here to adulterate it, and it was to\\nbe feared that shipj)ers might not uniformly resist temj^tation there-\\nfore, at the request of the above-mentioned firm, since the begin-\\nning of last year, I have regularly tested all cargoes landed atlheir\\nwharves.\\nThe crude resinous exudation, formerly known as turiDcntine is\\nno longer an article of commerce in this country, the obviously rational\\ncourse being nowadays adopted of separating it into its constituents,\\nspirits of turpentine, or turpentine oil and resin. On this account\\nthe name turpentine vulgare turps is now commonly employed\\nas synonymous with the longer appellation, spirits or oil of turi^entinCj\\nand it is in this sense that the term is employed in the paper.\\nThe commercial varieties of turpentine mainly consist of hydrocar-\\nbons of the formula CioHie, of which certainly three distinct classes\\nmay be distinguished, viz.: terpenee, cilrenes, and a third of which\\nBylvestrene, the characteristic constituent of Russian turpentine, is the\\ntype. Under ierpenes, I include those varieties which boil at about\\n156\u00c2\u00b0 C; under citrenea, those which boil at about 17(5\u00c2\u00b0 to 178\u00c2\u00b0, such\\nas are the chief constituents of the oils derived from various species of\\ncitrus.\\nFrench Turjjeniine.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 It is generally stated that French turpentine is\\ntbe produce of a single species of conifer, Pinus maritima. It certainly\\nis of remarkably uniform quality, judging from the almost constant\\nrotatory power of samples which I have had occasion to examine at\\nvarious times, and probably the projjerties of the terpene of which the\\nFrench oil mainly consists are not very difTerent from those of the\\ncommercial article. Using any form of polarimeter which admits of\\nthe observation being made in monochromatic light it is, perhaps,\\nwell to note that the Soleil form cannot be employed for the examina-\\ntion of turpentine\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and operating with a 200 mm. column, the value\\nof od is on the average about \u00e2\u0080\u009460\u00c2\u00b0 to \u00e2\u0080\u009461\\nAmerican Turpentine. American turi^entlne is said by Hanbury\\nand Fliickiger Pharmacographia, 1st ed.) to be chiefly the produce\\nof the swamp pine {Pinus australis), this and the loblolly pine {Pinus\\ntceda) being, they say, the most important sources of turpentine.\\nThe following particulars regarding the separation of the hydrocar-\\nbon from the crude resinous exudation will probably be of interest. I", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0241.jp2"}, "242": {"fulltext": "232 WILMINGTON, NOKTII CAROLINA.\\nam indebted for them to Dr. Thomas F. Wood, of Wilraiugtou, N. C.\\nthey were written at the request of Mr. Charles Rice, American editor\\nof the Pharmacograiiliia\\nTurpentine is distilled in copper stills now. Formerly iron stills\\nwere used. All crude turpentine is distilled with water. A fifteen-\\nbarrel still (barrel weighs two hundred and eighty pounds) is charged\\nearly in the morning. Gentle heat is first applied until the mass is\\nliquefied, and a coarse wire skimmer is used to remove the chips, bark,\\nleaves and such other foreign substances as rise to the surface, the tem-\\nperature meanwhile rising until 31G\u00c2\u00b0 F. is reached. All the accidental\\nwater (that contained in the crude turpentine as it comes from the\\nforest) having been distilled off, a small stream of cold water is now\\nlet in, so that the heat is kept at or below 316\u00c2\u00b0 F*, the boiling point of\\noil of turpentine. The oil of turpentine and water now come over,\\nand the mixture is caught in a wooden tub. The distiller tests the\\nquality of the flow from time to time in a proof-glass, and the distilla-\\ntion is continued until the proportion of water coming over is 9 of\\nwater to 1 of oil of turpentine. At this stage the heat is withdrawn,\\nthe still-cap is taken off and the hot resin is drawn off by a valvular\\ncock at the side of the still near the bottom. This resin i:)asses through\\na strainer before it reaches the vat, to rid it of foreign substances,\\nwhich may not have been previously removed by the skimmer. The\\nyield of oil of turpentine from virgin dip (the first exudation from a\\nnewly boxed tree) is about 5 gallons to the barrel, about 20 per cent.\\nJ being left in the resin, i since the removal of a larger proportion would\\ndarken the color, and consequently depreciate its value. The yield\\nfrom yellow diii (the runnings of the second and subsequent years) is\\nabout four gallons to a barrel. The yield from scrapings (the inspis-\\nsated gum from the tree facings) is about 2 to 3J gallons, according to\\nage, and also to the proportion of trash which it contains.\\nThe separation of turpentine, by what is practically a steam distil-\\nlation process, serves to exi)laiu the fact which, until I received the\\nabove information, had often surprised me, that the commercial\\narticle is uniformly free from products of the decom^wsition of resin by\\nheat.\\nSome idea of the importance of the turpentine industry will be\\ngathered by inspection of the following table representing the number\\nof barrels imported into London since 1872\\n1873 44,495 1878 5(5,221\\n1874 57,720 1879 42,960\\n1875 57,093 1880 39,649\\n1876 57,371 1881 03,724\\n1877 49,500 1882 57,489\\n1 The fact that the whole of the liyilrocarbon is not removed accounts for thd\\nstatement Konietiincs made, that resin spirit is ojitically active, that made Irom\\npnre resin, according to my experiments, being inactive.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0242.jp2"}, "243": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAKOLINA. 233\\nProbably about two-thirds of tlie entire quautity sent to this country is\\nlanded in Loudon.\\nIn so far as general properties are concerned, there is no practically\\ndistinguishable difference, other than in color, I believe, between\\nvarious samples of the commercial article, but tested by the polarime-\\nter they vary considerably.\\nThe chief port of shipment is Wilmington, and most of the turpen-\\ntine from this port, like that from Bordeaux, is of remarkably uniform\\nquality. Thus out of thirty-five samples representing in all cases bulks\\nof several hundred barrels, and in a number of cases bulks of from\\n1000 to 2000 or more barrels, no less than twenty-eight samples varied\\nin rotatory power (value of ao per 200 mm.), only within the very nar-\\nrow limits of 27\u00c2\u00b0 6^ to 28\u00c2\u00b0 Sf)^ four samples had an inferior rotatory\\npower of 24\u00c2\u00b0 29 to 2G\u00c2\u00b0 W, and only three had a superior rotatory power\\nof respectively 29\u00c2\u00b0 3K, 31\u00c2\u00b0 2F, and 32\u00c2\u00b0 38\\nThat shipped from Savannah, on the other hand, is, as a rule, char*\\njicterized by a relatively low rotatory power, e. g.\\nEx. 1569 barrels ao =22\u00c2\u00b0 21 Ex. 1G9G barrels ao =19\u00c2\u00b0\\nEx.1000 aD=24\u00c2\u00b0 9 Ex.1870 ao =20\u00c2\u00b0 33\\nEx.1383 aD=20\u00c2\u00b022 Ex, 1200 ao =21\u00c2\u00b0 21\\nEx.1571 aD=19\u00c2\u00b039 Ex.1595 ab=19\u00c2\u00b012\\nIn the case of the last of these shipments, I had the opjiortunity of\\ntaking five samples, each representing about one-sixth of the bulk,\\nwhich gave the following values 21\u00c2\u00b0 4 21\u00c2\u00b0 19 18\u00c2\u00b0 13 17\u00c2\u00b0 38 and\\n20\u00c2\u00b0 6 I have not been able to ascertain whether the turpentine ship-\\nped from Savannah is the product of a different tree, or whether the\\ndifference in climate between the two districts, of which Wilmington\\nand Savannah are centres, is the cause of the marked variation from\\nwhat may be termed the Wilmington type. I trust that the publica-\\ntion of this paper may, as one result, lead to my being favored with\\ninformation on this point.\\nJudging from the opportunities which have presented themselves\\nfor examining turpentine shipped from Charleston, the deliveries\\nfrom this port would appear to comprise turpentine of somewhat\\nhigh rotatory power, as well as those of the Wilmington and Savannah\\ntypes\\nEx. 1000 barrels ao =30\u00c2\u00b0 24 Ex. 2179 barrels ao =24\u00c2\u00b0 15^\\nEx. aD=30\u00c2\u00b038 Hx. ao =19^\\nEx. 250 aD=33\u00c2\u00b033 Ex.1874 a d =26\u00c2\u00b0 42\\nEx.1689 00=28\u00c2\u00b0 15 Ex.1886 ao =29\u00c2\u00b0 39\\nEx. 200 aD=24\u00c2\u00b0\\nOther parts also furnish a somewhat irregular product the values,\\nhowever, always lie within those already given, and in the majority of", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0243.jp2"}, "244": {"fulltext": "234 WILMINGTON, NORTlt CAROLIlCA.\\ncases belong to the Wilmington type, Brunswick alone exhibiting a\\nmarked tendency to furnish a product of the Savannah type.\\nCommercially, I believe, no distinction is made between the turpen-\\ntine shipped from various American ports nor indeed is French tur-\\npentine, which is now a comparative rarity in the English market,\\nregarded as having distinctive qualities. My observations on the\\nwliole justify this practice: French turpentine is slightly less readily\\noxidized, absorbing oxygen somewhat less rapidly than American\\nturpentine, but the difference is probably insufflcient to make itself\\nfelt in practice.\\nBusslan Tur2oentine. Commercially, this variety is of no importance,\\nas it cannot well be used in paint or varnish-making, both on account\\nof its unpleasant odor and of the extreme readiness in comparison with\\nFrench or American turpentine with which it absorbs oxygen, form-\\ning a viscid oil its vapor appears also to j^roduce far more marked\\nphysiological effects than either of the ordinary oils, inciting violent\\nheadache in many individuals.\\nIt is the product of Plnus sylvestris, but I have not been able to ascer-\\ntain whether the turpentine is specially collected, or is a mere by-\\nproduct. According to one account which I have received, the waste\\ntimber is piled into heaps and a fire lighted the resinous matter which\\ndrains away is then collected and the turpentine extracted from it by\\ndistillation.\\nDifferent samples are remarkably different in their optical character,\\nas the following numbers show\\nOoCper 200 mm.)\u00e2\u0080\u0094 =36\u00c2\u00b0 29^\\n44\u00c2\u00b0 11\\n40=^ 42\\n36\u00c2\u00b0 7^\\n41\u00c2\u00b0 0\\n46\u00c2\u00b0 45\\n34\u00c2\u00b0 18^\\n35\u00c2\u00b0 28\\n80\u00c2\u00b0 4\\n38\u00c2\u00b0 58^\\n30\u00c2\u00b0 4ii^\\n87\u00c2\u00b0 5\\n32\u00c2\u00b0 27^\\n35\u00c2\u00b0 20\\n42\u00c2\u00b0 10\\n31\u00c2\u00b0 20\\n38\u00c2\u00b0 6\\n39\u00c2\u00b0 52\\n34\u00c2\u00b0 8\\n45\u00c2\u00b0 10\\n30\u00c2\u00b0 10\\n39\u00c2\u00b0 58\\n38\u00c2\u00b0 4\\nExcepting the first four, all these samples were drawn from single\\nbarrels, and were obligingly furnished to me by Mr. Kingzett.\\nRussian turpentine has been shown by Tilden, Chem. See. Transl\\n1878-80, to consist of a peculiar CioHie hydrocarbon, the so-called /S^?-\\nvesirene of Atterberg (Ber. 10, 1202), and of an isomerlde possessing the\\ncharacter of American turpentine. Sylvestrene, according to these\\nauthors, has a specific rotatory power of (ao)=19-o\u00c2\u00b0 (Atterberg), 19-6\u00c2\u00b0\\n(Tilden), that of the associated hydrocarbon being 30-3\u00c2\u00b0 (Atterberg).\\nIn conformation of the assumption that one of the constituents of\\nRussian turpentine is probably identical with the main constituent of", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0244.jp2"}, "245": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH OAllOLINA. 235\\nAmerican turpentine, I may mention that I have separated from the\\nlatter by fractional distillation a portion having a rotatory power per\\n200 mm. of no less than 49\u00c2\u00b0 34^, and that on several occasions, by sub-\\nmitting American turpentine to air oxidation, and afterwards distilling\\noff the unaltered hydrocarbon by steam, I have obtained i:)roducts of\\nconsiderably higher rotatorj jDower than the original oils. I have also\\nexamined several samples received from Mr. Kingzett of the hydro-\\ncarbon carried over by the air current during the air oxidation of\\nRussian turpentine. In most cases these have been almost free from\\nsylvestreiie, and have exhibited a higher rotatory power than the\\noriginal crude turpentine from which they were derived.\\nThe numbers above given fluctuate within wide limits, and are of\\ninterest as indicating that the proportions in which the two recognized\\nconstituents of Russian turpentine are present probably vary consid\\nerably, and also that other perhaps isomeric hydrocarbons are mixed\\nwith them they serve to confirm the idea that American turpentine\\nis also a mixture of isomeric hydrocarbons. I may add that certain\\nobservations even lead me to think it not unlikely that the low dextro-\\nrotatory power of American turpentine is due to the presence of a\\nIpevo-rotatory terpeue this would serve to explain the difference in\\noptical character of products from different localities. The compara-\\ntive study of American turpentine\u00e2\u0080\u0094 and indeed generally of oils con-\\ntaining CioHie hydrocarbons from this point of view, I think deserves\\nattention variations in climatic and other conditions may have led to\\na gradual differentiation both in botanical and physiological character\\nof a single parent stock.\\nMethod of Analysis.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The terms petroleum spirit and petroleum\\noil as commercially used do not admit of very precise definition for\\nthe purpose of this paper, I would therefore define petroleum spirit as\\nbeing that portion of crude petroleum which may be volatilized by\\nmeans of steam from water boiling at atmospheric pressure, and petro-\\nleum oil as being the non-volatile i)ortion. Judged of by this defini-\\ntion, commercial spirit and oil are, as a rule, more or less mixtures;\\nthe amount of spirit in the best, burning oil is, however, small.\\nThe presence of petroleum oil in turpentine is readily detected and\\nthe amount estimated by steam distilling. Unless it has been freely\\nexposed to the air for a long time, but a mere trace of viscid matter\\nremains on steam-distilling turpentine; on one or two occasions only\\nhave I met with samples containing a small amount of resin, which\\nwas left as a solid on distilling off the turpentine by a steam current.\\nShould more than a few tenths of a per cent, of non-volatile matter\\nremain, it is probable that petroleum is i^resent. This usuallj betrays\\nitself by the more or less marked blue fluorescence of the residue; but\\nshould this criterion fail, the behavior of petroleum and of the non-", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0245.jp2"}, "246": {"fulltext": "236 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nvolatile product of the air oxidation of turpentine on digestion with\\ndilute nitric acid will serve to differentiate them. The latter is readily\\noxidized and dissolved the former does not alter much in bulk, but\\napparently undergoes more or less complete nitration. I have never\\nyet met with a sample containing resin oil, but it would not be difficult\\nto detect it, as it is oxidized by nitric acid, and behaves in a most\\ncharacteristic manner when triturated with a paste of slaked lime,\\nforming the well-known grease.\\nThe detection and estimation of petroleum spirit is less readily\\neffected. The method which I employ is based on the diflferent beha-\\nvior of turpentine and paraffins with sulphuric acid. The paraffins, it\\nis well known, are almost unaffected, whereas turpentine is polymer-\\nized and for the most part converted into substances of high boiling,\\npoint which do not volatilize in a current of steam. I say for the most\\npart, because, as I have elsewhere stated, a certain amount of cymene\\nand of a parafflnoiil hydrocarbon is always produced. Inasmuch as\\nthe amount of cymene so produced varies with the strength of the acid\\nand the temperature, being larger the more concentrated the acid and\\nthe higher the temperature, it is important always to work under\\nuniform conditions, at as low a temperature as convenient, and to use\\ndiluted acid. I employ two strengths of acid, a mixture of 2 vols, acid\\nand 1 vol. water (2:1 acid) and a mixture of 4 vols, acid and 1 vol.\\nwater (4 1 acid). The turpentine\u00e2\u0080\u0094 500 c.c. is a convenient quantity\\nis placed with about one-fourth to one-third of its bulk of 2 1 acid in\\na well-stopped bottle, and the mixture is somewhat cautiously agitated.\\nIt soon becomes more or less heated, and as it is important to effect the\\npolymerization at a temperature not much above the ordinary atmos\\npheric temperature, the bottle is placed in cold water for a short time,\\nAfter repeated agitation with the acid, the turpentine is converted into\\na viscid oil, and when this is the case, and no more heat is developed\\non continued agitation, the contents of the bottle is transferred to a\\nsei)arating funnel, the acid layer is run off and the oil poured into a\\nflask the latter having been connected with a condenser and a steam-\\npot an ordinary tin can answers admirably\u00e2\u0080\u0094 all that is volatile is dis-\\ntilled off. The distillate is mixed with about half its bulk of 4 1 acid,\\nand treated in a precisely similar manner.\\nThe product from this second operation should only consist of a mix-\\nture of cymene and the paraffinoid hydrocarbon in bulk it should not\\nbe more than 4 to 5 per cent, of the original hydrocarbon. This is the\\nresult of a very large number of estimations; as little as 8 percent.,\\nhowever, has been obtained in experiments conducted with special\\ncare. If much more than about 5 per cent, be obtained, it is desirable\\nto repeat the treatment with 4: 1 acid.", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0246.jp2"}, "247": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 237\\nIf, from the result of this treatment, it appears probable that petro-\\nleum spirit is present, the product is placed in a well-stoppered bottle i\\ntogether with several times its volume of concentrated sulphuric acid,\\nheated to 50\u00c2\u00b0 to 60\u00c2\u00b0, with which it is violently agitated. This treatment\\nis repeated if desirable (weak Nordhausen acid being with advantage\\nsubstituted for the concentrated sulphuric acid), and the residual hydro-\\ncarbon is separated, steam distilled, and then measured. The amount\\nthus obtained should not exceed from i to 1 per cent, of the original\\nbulk of turpentine. This treatment with concentrated acid affords a\\ncheck on the previous determination.\\nIf American petroleum spirit be thus treated it suffers comparatively\\nlittle loss, so that the amount of hydrocarbon above 1 per cent, repre-\\nsents the minimum amount of petroleum spirit in the turpentine. The\\nspirit from Scotch petroleum contains a very much higher proportion\\nof hydrocarbons alterable by sulphuric acid, and therefore cannot be\\nsatisfactorily estimated.\\nTo confirm the presence of petroleum spirit, the turpentine should\\nbe distilled. Petroleum spirit commences to distill at a temperature\\nwhich may be above or below that at which turpentine boils, according\\nto its quality, but always distills within comparatively wide limits of\\ntemperature; turpentine commences to boil near 160\u00c2\u00b0, and almost\\nentirely passes over below 180.\u00c2\u00b0\\nThe presence of resin spirit also affects the boiling-point in a similar\\nmanner. Evidence of the i)resence of this adulterant is also aflfbrded\\nby the increased yield of hydrocarbons on treatment both with 4: 1\\nand concentrated sulphuric acid, as resin spirit also yields a cymene\\nand paraffinoid hydrocarbon on treatmeni with 4 1 acid. The cymene\\nfrom resin spirit being isomeric with that from turpentine, jiroof\\nof the presence of resin spirit can be obtained by the detection of its\\ncymene, but this is a somewhat delicate operation.\\nAddendum,. The method above described is also available for the\\nanalysis of solvent naphtha from coal tar and similar products it is,\\nin fact, the only method which is capable of affording results which\\napproach exactness. The problem is by no means so simple, however,\\nas the coal tar product itself contains, besides benzene and its homo-\\nlogues, basic bodies, hydrocarbons alterable by diluted sulphuric acid\\nand paraffins. Until, therefore, a considerable number of genuine\\nsamples have been examined, the method is chiefly of value as a quali-\\ntative test. The Pharm. Jour, and Trans., Jan. 20, 1888.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0247.jp2"}, "248": {"fulltext": "238 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nCRUDE TURPENTINE.\\nThe decrease in receipts of Crude Turpentine, this season,\\nis due mainly to the fact, that country distillers have\\nbought and distilled a much larger proportion of the supply\\nthan in former years, for which, of course, they had to pay\\nprices, at times, fully equal to the Wilmington quotations.\\nThe Black River, Long Creek and Coharie country, sup-\\nlilies this market principally, and the average price of the\\nyear will compare favorably with that of former seasons.\\nThe estimated capacity of the Wilmington Distilleries is\\nabout ten times in excess of the supply: it being a matter of\\nfact, that the Union stills alone, ran several years ago, more\\ncrude stuff in twenty-four, hours, than the present entire\\naverage daily receipts, which are divided among ten times\\nthe capacity of the Union Distillery.\\nWithin the last two years, much complaint has been made\\namong buyers, respecting the quality of Crude brought to\\nthis market, which has greatly deteriorated, in consequence\\nof the habit by many producers, of mixing the face or\\nscrape product, with the dip turpentine, and which has\\nresulted in reducing the average yield in the distillation of\\nsoft Turpentine, to five gallons Spirits from a barrel of 280\\npounds, while from a better article, one gallon more was\\nformerly obtained.\\nThe yearly receipts of Crude Turpentine in this market\\nfor the years ending 31st March were as follows\\n1875-76 86,833 Barrels.\\n1876-77 143,826\\n1877-78 142,360\\n1878-79 154, 985\\n1879-80 132,375\\n1880-81 92,101\\n1881-82 87,486\\n1882-83 68,574", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0248.jp2"}, "249": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTOTT, NORTH CAROLINA.\\n239\\nThe average monthly price for the same time is given\\nbelow\\nFor Month of\\nJanuary\\nFebruary...\\nMarch\\nApril\\nMay\\nJune\\nJuly\\nAugust\\nSeptember.\\nOctober\\nNovember.\\nDecember\\n1873\\n1874\\n1875\\n2 83\\n2 50\\n2 23\\n2 25\\n2 32J^\\n2 60\\n2 60\\n2 50\\n50\\n30\\n50\\n25\\nIF\\n55\\n5o\\n1876\\n57K\\n37k\\n37^\\n55\\n87k\\n82k\\n75\\n97U\\n22k\\n4TA\\n00\\n1877\\n1878\\n121^:2\\n85 2\\n62^! 2\\n30 1\\n17J4 1\\n10 1\\n05 !1\\n27 4il\\n37kl\\n37k 1\\n22k 1\\n15 11\\n75\\n80\\n80\\n80\\n85\\n92^2\\n821^^2\\n85 2\\n1879\\n1880\\n77U2\\n82k 2\\n67k 2\\n60 12\\n00 1\\n60 12\\n62k il\\n75 2\\n25 |2\\n50 2\\n67^12\\n50.\\n1881 1882 1883\\n90 !3 87^;3 50\\n47)4 1 821^3 50 |4 00\\n77k 2 72k 3 50 13 00\\n25 2 60\\n75 2 25\\n55 !2 50\\n87UJ2 90\\n62k 1 2 85\\n00 i2 86\\n521^1 3 021^ 2 75\\n80 13 62k 3 00\\n80 3 50 13 00\\n4 00\\n3 00\\n2 75\\n3 00\\n2 75\\n2 50\\nSPIRITS TURPENTINE.\\nFrom the tables appended it will be observed that while\\nour receij)ts of spirits have materially increased, the\\ndemand, as indicated by the average price obtained for the\\ncrop, has also grown in larger proportion. The domestic\\nconsumption has steadily gained upon an uncertain pro-\\nduction, which has hitherto barely supplied a general\\nmarket, for some time past singularly free from organized\\nspeculation.\\nIt was thought in the early part of this season, that reliable\\nindications of a much larger supply than last year s crop,\\nwould result in a lower range of prices; but notwithstanding\\nthe fact that the combined receipts of Wilmington, Charles-\\nton, Savannah and Brunswick alone showed an increase over\\nlast year s crop of about 66,000 casks, the value has\\nsteadily maintained a close comparison with the average of\\nlast season, which was generally admitted to have produced\\na short crop.\\nThe preparations for the incoming season, indicate a crop\\nunder favorable auspices, of about ten per cent, above last\\nyear s supply. It is estimated by some intelligent opera-\\ntors, that Georgia may show an increase of perhaps 20 per\\ncent. The reports from North Carolina and South Carolinaj\\nindicate no increase.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0249.jp2"}, "250": {"fulltext": "24r)\\nWILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nThere is no doubt with reference to a late crop. Some\\ndistillers estimate it five weeks later than usual, others four\\nweeks. None, who are informed on the South Carolina and\\nGeorgia crop, consider it less than four weeks late. This is\\nowing to unusually cold weather. On the 22nd of March\\nwe had a heavy fall of snow in Wilmington, which is almost\\nunprecedented and cold weather still continues at this\\ndate, (5th April), which may curtail the estimate of any in\\ncrease in the production.\\nThe supply in London, on the 1st of April, was unusually\\nlow hut the stock in the United States shows an increase\\nover last year s figures, of 3,508 casks.\\nThe annual receipts of spirits turpentine for ten years\\npast were as follows\\n1873-74 138,103 Casks\\n1874-75 121,198\\n1875-76 97,197\\n1876-77 97,409\\n1877-78 109,707\\n1878-79 109,574\\n1879-80 103,671\\n1880-81 87,107\\n1881-82 85,997\\n1882-83 88,186 J\\nThe average monthly price for ten years has been as\\nfollows\\nFor Month of 1873\\nJanuary i i 59V^\\nFebruary\\nMarch\\nApril\\nMay\\nilune\\nJuly\\nAugust\\n.September\\nOctober\\nNovember,\\nDecember..\\nml4\\n57\\n40\\n4;V4\\n41\\n38\\n37-M\\n1874\\n41^\\n4.5\\n41\\n32\\n33^\\nask\\nS2%\\n1875\\n34%\\n33\u00c2\u00bb^\\n3214\\n34\\n30%\\n30 /o\\n29\\n28%\\n30%\\n36%\\n36\\n33%\\n1876\\n34\\n32\\n35\\n32\\n29\\n27\\n27%\\n27J4\\n30\\n31\\na5\\n42^\\n1877\\n43\\n38%\\n35\\n30%\\n29\\n28%\\n28%\\n31%\\n32^\\n31\\n29%\\n1878\\n29%\\n27\\n26\u00c2\u00bb4\\n26%\\n26%\\n26^\\n1879\\n26%\\n2\u00c2\u00ab)%\\n28%\\n25%\\n2,5%\\n2-1%\\n26\\n37\\n39 4\\n39%\\n1880\\n40^\\n4014\\n44!|\\n26%\\n29%\\n34%\\n40%\\n42-)S\\n42%\\n1881\\n44\\n42J4\\n40%\\n35y,\\n37V,\\n39^\\n43!4\\n50\\n48%\\noiy,\\n51^\\n1882\\n51%\\n49%\\n521^\\n56 k\\n45)4\\n41\\n41%\\n41\\n41%\\n48%\\n47\\n1883\\n493^\\n49(4\\n47iJ|", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0250.jp2"}, "251": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nROSIN.\\n241\\nThe receipts and business in rosin for a year past, have\\nmeasurably decreased. This is probably owing to the\\nabandonment of many old trees in the interior which failed\\nto yield a profitable return, and to the limited number of\\nnew boxes cut at the beginning of the season, as well as to\\nthe fact, that notwithstanding the falling off in production,\\nprices current throughout the crop year have ruled unu-\\nsually low. Comparing last year with that of 1873, a\\ndecrease of nearly 40 per cent, in receipts is apparent, but\\na comparison with the years 1880 to 1882 shows a more\\nfavorable record.\\nThe receipts of rosin in Wilmington during the years\\nending 31st March, for ten years past, were as follows\\n1873 and 1874 707,349 barrels.\\n1874 and 1875 605,521\\n1875 and 1876 540,730\\n1876 and 1877 524,967\\n1877 and 1878 538,259\\n1878 and 1879 581,739\\n1870 and 1880 568,188\\n1880andl881 444,552\\n1881 and 1882 454,917\\n1882 and 1883 433,200\\nThe average morithly prices current for strained and good\\nstrained rosin for ten years past, are given in the following\\ntable\\nFor Month of\\nJanuary....\\nFebruary..\\nMarch\\nApril\\nMay\\nJune\\nJuly\\nAugust\\nSeptember\\nOctober\\nNovember.\\nDecember..\\n18?3\\n07!-^\\n07\\n50\\n35\\n37J4\\n50\\n45\\n50\\n32\\n20\\n18^4\\n2 12U\\n2 12^\\n1 90\\n2 25\\n2 37}^\\n1 5\\nnvA\\n1 95\\n2 071^\\n2 00\\n1 85\\n1875\\n72}^\\na5\\n35\\niVA\\n40\\n1876\\n1 50 @1\\n1\\n1\\n60 \u00c2\u00ae1\\n50 (oil\\n30 (fel\\n22i4r4l\\n36 i(\u00c2\u00abU\\n52i^ra)l\\n65 m\\n2\\n54\\n48\\n59\\n63\\n5.5\\n27i^\\n20\\n40\\n57\\n70\\n10\\n1877\\n95 @,1\\n69 @1\\n723^(\u00c2\u00abU\\n55 \u00c2\u00ab*,1\\n421^\u00c2\u00ae!\\n42 ^@l\\n2,VA@\\\\\\n45 @1\\niiy,(n X\\nla- Jc 1\\niik. i\\n97^\\n72H\\n771^\\n60\\n^VA\\n47\\n4114\\n50\\n521^\\nm\\n187\\n41^@l 43^\\na5 (0)1 38%\\n32 ^(\u00c2\u00a7)l 36!4\\n30 @1 33%\\n20%(i^l 2:^%\\n17 ^(ai 20\\n17i^(($l 20\\n13%@1 15\\n20 (6^1 25\\n20 @l 25\\nnVM^ 20\\n17i^(ffil 20", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0251.jp2"}, "252": {"fulltext": "242\\nTTILMINGTON, IfOETH CAROLINA.\\nFor Month of\\n1879\\n1880\\n1881\\n1882\\n1883\\nJanuary l W/i\u00c2\u00ael\\nFebruary 1 12U(5)1\\nMarch 1 n\\\\i\u00c2\u00aei\\nApril :1 02K@1\\nMay -1 m%\u00c2\u00ael\\nJune !l 073^@.l\\nJuiy 1 05 @1\\nAugust I 9S%ffil\\nSeptember 92U\u00c2\u00ae\\nOctober jl 17i^@l\\nNovember jl 40 @1\\nDecember I 1\\n185^1\\nOfii^.l\\n07 ;1\\n121^! 1\\n10 jl\\n05% 1\\n971^1\\n4d il\\n2.5 il\\n25 @1\\n18?^\u00c2\u00ae 1\\nle^Cal\\n07i^@l\\n02 ^@1\\n05 @1\\n03%@1\\n05 @1\\n15 @1\\n32i^@l\\n35 (ffil\\n40 @1\\n285^1\\n221^1\\n20 ,1\\n10 l\\n07^1\\n10 1\\n071^1\\n41i^@l\\n47y,m\\n4(5;^\u00c2\u00ae!\\n50 @1\\n70 @1\\n74%@.l\\n85 @2\\n98V^(a2\\n02k(ai2\\n90 @1\\n92i^@l\\n45 11\\n3-1^ 1\\n50 11\\n55 1\\n1\\n80\\n061^\\n95\\n9 H_\\n9714@2 0234 il 32Vi\\n88M@l 9351 !l\\n885|@1 93% 1\\n88%@1 93%\\n75 l 80\\n57U@1 67K\\n47i^@l 56\\\\Z\\n5 m r\\na5\\n33%@1 43%\\n32i|@l 38%\\n;@i a5\\n@1 38\\n@1 40\\nIt is probable that four-fiftlis of the rosin sold in this\\nmarket, is of the common and medium grades. In the\\nearly part of the crop year, some very handsome rosin,\\ngrading N, and W G, and W W, is sold, but as the season\\nadvances, these grades become scarce, and the major part of\\nbusiness during the remainder of the year is in strained\\nand good strained, with a small proportion of E F G H I\\nK M. The standard adopted, is the same as was estab-\\nlished several years ago by the iN ew York Exchange, with\\nMessrs. Beling, Nemeyer Co. as supervising inspectors\\nbut frequent complaint has been made of irregularity in\\ntheir type samples, which is a matter of serious importance\\nto foreign shippers. A universal standard in glass types,\\nwould be of great benefit to the trade, and effectually settle\\nthe much vexed question of quality, which is so often raised\\nin the fulfilment of sales for future delivery, or shipments\\nupon contracts. An attempt w^as made some years ago, by\\na member of this Exchange, to procure standard samples of\\nthis character but the expense was ascertained to be too\\ngreat for any practical benefit. The volume of business\\nhas since increased to such proportions, however, that a\\nunited effort by the New York, Wilmington, Charleston\\nand Savannah Exchanges, would easily accomplish the\\ndesired result, at a small proportionate cost.\\nAbout a year ago, the character of Wilmington ship-\\nments of common rosin suffered seriously in foreign\\nmarkets, in consequence of the careless and sometimes", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0252.jp2"}, "253": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA. 243\\ncriminal i )reparation for market a large proportion of\\nstrained rosin being mixed with sand and dross, ren-\\ndering it quite unfit for tlie x)urposes of export to Eurox)e,\\nwhere it is distilled into common oil. So great had this\\nprejudice against Wilmington rosin become, that several\\nimporters refused to take our rosin at any price, preferring\\nthat of Charleston and Savannah at greater cost, rather\\nthan risk an uncertain quality where only 10 per cent, was\\ninspected. This important matter was then brought to the\\nnotice of Wilmington receivers, who at once instituted\\nmeans of stopping the fraudulent practice referred to, and\\nwho have since effectually overcome the difficulty, by closer\\ninspection, and by the entire rejection of doubtful rosin.\\nThe same complaint has been made to us recently, of\\nCharleston rosin, and it behooves the Exchanges, both\\nNorth and South, to make more stringent rules of insi)ec-\\ntion for the protection of consumers.\\nTAR.\\nThe receipts of tar for the past season, have exceeded\\nthose of former years; the increase for this year being\\nabout seven per cent, above the receipts of last season.\\nThe domestic export of this article is steadily increasing,\\na considerable trade being done in cans^ which are shipped\\nfor the convenience of Western markets, and which seem\\nto be in good demand from all quarters. The condition of\\nthe barrels, is somewhat better than in former years, but\\nthere is still great room for improvement. The large falling\\noff in our foreign demand, is in a measure attributable to\\nthis long-continued neglect in preparing suitable packages\\nfor market although it is also stated, that the Russian tar\\nof Archangel, in the White Sea, is much preferred for its\\nquality, as well as for its superior packages, which are\\nmade of very thick, heavy wood, and seldom leak at all.\\nA Glasgow broker informed me two years ago, that they\\nthen received about thirty cargoes of Archangel tar to one", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0253.jp2"}, "254": {"fulltext": "244 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA,\\nof Wilmington shipment, although there was still a fair\\nrequest for our product in Liverj)ool and Hull.\\nThe average monthly prices for the two last years, have\\nbeen uncommonly good, as may be seen from the table\\nappended with the receipts of this market for a number\\nof years past and to this fact is no doubt owing the\\nincreased supply.\\nThe receipts in Wilmington since 1874, prior to which no\\nrecord was made, were as follows\\n1875 and 1876 53,010 barrels.\\n1876 and 1877 71,211\\n1877andl87S 61,674\\n1878andl879.. 78,116\\n1879 ^nd 1880 45,623\\n1880 and 1881 56,460\\n1881 and 1882 68,653\\n1882 and 1883 73,598\\nThe prevailing custom of buying tar by weight and sell-\\ning it by tale barrel for export, is most unsatisfactory to\\ndealers, and it is hoped by many, that the terms of this\\ntrade will be more equitably adjusted by the Exchange.\\nAverage prices of Tar in Wilmington each month for ten years.\\nFor Month of 1873\\nJanuary 2 65\\nFebruary 12 82^^\\nmarch i2 921^\\nApril 13 00\\nMay 2 95\\nJune 3 173^\\nJuly !3 50\\nAugust i3 37U\\nSeptember |2 82k\\nOctober 2 47U\\nNovember.. i2 32k\\nDecember 3734\\n1874\\n471^\\n45\\n25\\n30\\n00\\n40\\n821^\\n92k\\n87 1|\\nIf,\\n1875 I 1876 1877\\n1 70\\n1 65\\n1 35\\n1 60\\n1 45\\n1 .50\\nI77J^\\n1 80\\n1 45\\n1 45\\n1 50\\n1 65\\n1 .50 U\\n1 50 1\\nI 62k il\\n1 57k I\\n1371^\\n1 o2k\\n192k\\n1 821^\\n1 42\\n15-1^\\nI 87^\\n1 80\\n1878\\n65\\n65\\n57k\\n62k\\n70\\n80\\nS2V^\\n773^\\n65\\n55\\n47K\\n57\\n52k\\n42k\\n47k\\n37k\\n37k\\n50\\n80\\n673^\\n65 1\\n55 1\\n47}4ll\\n1879\\n1880\\n37k\\n32^\\n20\\n90\\n77k\\n97!^\\n313^\\n67k\\n07k\\n1881\\n1 25 1\\n1 15 1\\nI 22U 1\\n132kjl\\n1 25 1\\n1 62k i I\\n1 973^,2\\n1 47k 2\\n1 85 2\\n1882 1883\\n45 2 07k 1 1 85\\n7714 1 80 |1 80\\n62 y,!! 80\\n2 25\\n2 40\\n1 90\\n72k 11 92k\\n90 1 75\\n523^ 1 90\\n57^1 1 95\\n423^:1 90\\n2734 75\\n17k: 1 9i 4\\n323^ 1 9734\\n151192k\\n1 60", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0254.jp2"}, "255": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NOIiTH CAROLINA. 245\\nCOTTON.\\nIt will be seen by an inspection of the table, for ten years,\\nappended, that there has been a large and almost steady\\nincrease in the receipts of cotton at this port, from 39,737 bales\\nin 1873-4 to 131,669 bales in 1881-2. The falling off in the\\nreceipts this year, is not a fair criterion of the business of\\nthis market. During the early part of the season, from\\nthe 1st of September to the middle of November, there\\nwere no freight vessels offering by sail, so that nearly all\\nour receipts, up to that time, were forwarded by steamer,\\nvia New York, at rates which greatly hampered the trade\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\nespecially in direct Liverpool business. This unusual scar^\\ncity of shipping facilities not only established an unat^\\ntractive market, but led to the ultimate refusal of over\\n10,000 bales of through cotton, from Augusta and other\\ninterior jioints, which formerly obtained an outlet by this\\nport.\\nThe receipts from Augusta and other interior points for\\nforeign shipment, were, last season, to the Champion Com.\\npress, 4, 189 bales\u00e2\u0080\u0094 this year they were only 2, 650 bales. To\\nthe Wilmington Compress last season they were 976 bales\\nthis year there was not a bale received showing a net\\ndecrease of 2,515 bales fom this source alone. It is there-\\nfore fair to presume, that, under more favorable circum-\\nstances, our business this season would have equalled that\\nof last year.\\nCotton receipts in Wilmington for the years ending 31st\\nMarch 1873-1883\\n1873-74 43,070 Bales.\\n1874-75 81,854\\n1875-76 91,589\\n1876-77 121,929\\n1877-78 120,975\\n1878-79 111,798\\n1979-80 78,345", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0255.jp2"}, "256": {"fulltext": "246 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAEOLINA.\\n1880-81 116,876 Bales.\\n1881-82 137,733\\n1882-83 128,466\\nDuring the year 1873-74 there was no record kept of the\\ndaily prices current in our market, but the following table\\nshows the average price for each month, from January,\\n1875, to the present time, April 1st, 1883.\\nFor Month of 1875\\n1876\\n1877\\n1878\\n1879\\n1880\\n1881\\nJanuary 14\\nFebruary l4 3-ie\\nMarch jl5 3-16\\nApril |l5J/8\\nMay I\\nJune\\nJuly\\nAugust I\\nSeptember\\nOctober 12% I\\nNovember 12 7-16\\nDecember 12 3-16;\\n12 7-16\\n12^ I\\n12 3-16\\n12% 1\\n10% I\\n10 11-16\\nI^Vh\\n11 7-16\\n10 3-16\\n12 5-16110\\nU 15-16 101%\\n11 7-16\\n10%\\n9 15-\\n10%\\n10%\\n11^\\n10 5-1610 7-\\n10 ll-lel 9 3-\\n10 7-16 S 13-\\n1 0% I 8%\\n101^\\n10^\\n11%\\n10%\\n-16 8 15-16\\n9 9-16\\n10 11-16\\n16 12 I\\n112^ I\\n11%\\nillVi\\n16 1014\\n16 10 3-16,\\n16:111% I\\n1121^ i\\n1214\\n12%\\nll?4\\n11 15-16\\n11\\n11\\n10 15-16\\n11\\n11 13-16\\n10%\\n10 15-16\\n11 5-16\\n11\\n10%\\n10^\\n9 9-16\\n10%\\n10%\\n11^\\n11 7\\n11\\n1114\\n11%\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a016\\n1882\\n1883\\n11% i 9%\\n11 -5-16! 9U\\nU 9-16 1 9%\\n11 11-161 V\\nn-X\\n11 13-16;\\n12%\\n12^\\n11 7-16\\n10%-.- 1\\n10%\\n9 13-16*", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0256.jp2"}, "257": {"fulltext": "WiLMiN(JTON, NORTH CAEOLlJ^A.\\n247\\nOh!\u00c2\u00bb\\nt- O lO C-1 IM O 00 CO -J I\\nw o 05.-1-1=^^,- v\\no 00 o lO ic o ira o\\n00OOC^C0C^^^0C^ICC10\\n^cc cO :oQC\\n:tOQor^oO\\nc-i CD o\\nCO -H CO 1^\\nTI O C~J_0 C^ \u00e2\u0080\u00a2t; Cj rt CO O I\\nf-T-T-irioco I\\nre s\\nK(2\\nCO CO O 0 -^-r^CO^-JS 00 CO\\no rcTrt ?ocoi^ ~-r -T\\nIM OO iC O 1 CO C-J 115\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2r!Cooi~acoorH-i oo\\nCO-f*t-0 Ot-I^ 0\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0^tc-^e-ijococqcot^io\\nc-i_coa;r-;_i--_^co-T05_^_^ro\\nl^lO X MC0 t XiCt^\\nCDSi^or^Tj-oir^ySoo\\nioc-i_ot-__oocoa_cooc^o\\nOOi-Hl^COl^lO^^-^O\\ndefect xci-^c^ai\\no 10 iQ o 10 r^ 10 o ifo 05\\nc^r^uoo-^cooiccoi-.\\ntc_a^c^o5_oi o 05 CO co_\u00c2\u00ab\\n-pi i-^co^T co ofco tfii\\nOOOOCOOO-HCtt MOC\\nCOCq-^OCOOIfOOuOCO\\nO OC^iO ^O O^CC^rr 10 o\\nl-- o -i^-K iM \u00c2\u00bbf oi ic irj\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0V tjicocococOTfcOfic\\nk5\\no:p 1(5 CQ 00 :d I--\\nWr^\\nI ^lOCCCQOOt MOOiO r\\nCO -K 10 CO 1^ CC OS O 0-1\\nr^ 1-- 1^ 1^ w r^ 1^ y^ X)\\nOOaOQOQOOOOOOCOOOOX\\nH\\n2?5\\nMr\\nt3\\nCOlOOI^lOCOO^COO\\n10 o o i i iri QO o I C o\\nNOOOOCDCO-TC^TrOi\\nOOt^C5CO*M-^ClOCM^O\\n10 IC C 1 Oi UO r^ 00\\nCO o GO a: M CO f^ 1^\\ni4 cO H-- co cfi fcocO -r\\nCO CD OC CO CO t- I\\nI \u00c2\u00bb-H I\u00e2\u0080\u0094 t CO \u00c2\u00bbo CO \u00c2\u00bb-t\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2a\\nW3\\nw5\\nM.^\\no\\nt-co\\n.0\\naV\\ncn_ M_\\nCO-\\n^ocol^\\nc^c rcd o c-i -v\\n5 05 05 CO O t;\\nfrCoo od orcrcd os\\n0 O 05 UO t- 03\\nCO UO CO CO QC\\nt^ CO CO O O -X\\nC^IO\\nC005C5l000CD-\u00c2\u00bb!NOt-\\nC3iC3^-00 t~- MCOOO\\nC^rtMCOCOnt-ii-(t-l\\nlOoqo\\nt^Too o oS =6 06 o to 06\\n^t^ ^or^io-^coci vco\\neoi^coX ^o-TCO ^co\\nQOocoC COr-ococoioio\\n-*t-oc3io -ooo-f-f\\nr). 00 CO O CD t^ no -r\\nf-lf-tCOU3l^C0CDiC^\\nCO-TlOCOt\u00c2\u00bb00020\u00e2\u0080\u0094 CJ\\nw r^ t^ 1^ r^ I i^ 00 00 00\\nQOOOGCXOOCCOCOOOOOO", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0257.jp2"}, "258": {"fulltext": "248\\nWILMINGTOlSr, NORTH CAROLINA.\\nh\\nM\\nhi\\nl\\nh\\nt- t~ lO 3i_-H ^O Ol_C0\\nr-Ti-Tco to t cc co\\n1^ C^ IC O LC.-l c\\nM CI T X C^ rl r-i\\n00 Oi^ oT c-i^ -r^cT 1-^ 1-^ in\\nCCOOOCClCCC^ MOtO\\n0) o\\nM\\np-(\\n0) S\\nc-1 CO -r 5 -n -r\\nr-1 CO I t~\\nr-iooco-t ioc i~^50\\nC532COI^lOOQOCO-fW\\nTT o^oj^o^o^^-n^ S to \u00c2\u00bb0\\n;i:6\\nw\u00c2\u00a3\\n:DlC-^ OC t^OCOCCCO\\nlC\u00c2\u00bb-5p-HO0\u00e2\u0080\u0094 \u00e2\u0080\u00a2O2QCQ0t~\\n:o CO 02 0_ T^^cc x CO\\ns-fc i .-ico ro c^ r-r r-T\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0MOCIOO\u00e2\u0080\u0094 I-^OTMIO\\nCDCOOl^OQOO\u00e2\u0080\u0094 fOO\\nIO,- ^.I,1_10 55_;0^00__0 00\\nco -^T^cT-TToi .-rf^oo\\nwe\\n(M 00 h- 00 C-1 lO IC XJ 00\\nWr\\n5^0_OO^CO^.:D -^rH\\nriToo t^-n oo\\n^cqcDoo^-\\ntCoo oo ^io\\no\u00e2\u0080\u00a2l(^^3^cqcDoo^-a oo\\nIC I O -t\u00c2\u00ab lO cq lO CD l Oi\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2OOSOJCOCOC^QIOCOO\\nC^O C^-*0 O^C^ ^CO\\nCD3505 -H-fl J^\u00e2\u0080\u0094 lO\\noj^iooioooor^ *r05t^\\n-tn^T co:D-^cO 0*r-\\n-JC-lOlOS tZJ-HOOOQO\\nSCO mot ^iMi^co-*\\nlC*C^3iC000^H-r00-r\\ncOLOtC rioiOut Ti\\ncor-.o^i MasTiraoocD\\nCO CO (M as o; I* M (N to 05\\nCJ 06 T\u00c2\u00bb lO OO rW lil l-~_CO_^CC\\nHii5i~ -H-i oo-i s4 r-. i r\\nC06S0050-H0; oaooo\\nc-)co-ricocoaoco9 co\\n5CCCOOOCO OCOCOWtO\\ns_icc-).oo_^t~-r t-;,o^-r N\\nCO 00 O C-l\\n5-1 (-I M CO\\nt: csijco\\nt- Ol O\\nI-- 1^ r^ 1^ r^ 1-^ w 00 CO CO\\nOOCCiOCOOOOQCCOaOQCOO", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0258.jp2"}, "259": {"fulltext": "WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\n249\\np\\n.9\\no\\n5?\\nt5\\ncf\\nCD\\nCO us\\niiii\\n8,373\\n33,368\\n12,990\\n^^S \u00e2\u0080\u00a2S t? :{~gS^cioio\\nCO\\n00\\nio\\nCO\\n*3\\n02\\nt-\\no 2\\no :3\\nt^\\nII\\nCO w\\n30rt\\ncicT\\nMi\\n1-\\n3\\n1\\nCO\\ni\\nli\\n6l\\n3\\n11\\n1\\n3 IS\\n~i t.\\nSis S\\n1\\n1\\n1\\na\\no\\ni-iO*\\nc-r\\nill\\njS3\\ncSS ;S3o\\not -H CO ic CO 1^ CO\\nCC\\n5-\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a00\\nw\\n1\\n?5\\n00\\n00\\n1\\nS\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0ft\\n02\\ni\\n1^\\n8\\nCO\\np\\noo r-i\\nr^oo\\niS\\n:cc\\ni|^\\n1-\\nhe\\n1\\n03\\n1\\nS\\ns\\ns\\no\\n1\\nj ll\\nrcf^oo cjt- -i\\n3|\\nK^ jg?\\nt-. M 1 00\\n1\\n1^\\ni\\ns,\\nCO\\nr-_CO\\n1\\n1\\nIP\\nr\\n00 o_-*\\nCO\\n3S\u00c2\u00a7\\nCO\\nii\\nir\\nCO\\nCO\\n05\\no\\n5\\n_\\nS 1\\nCDt-;_\\n1-\\nl-\\nco\\n1\\n00\\nSo\\n1-1\\na\\nO\\nCO\\nU^ OTJj\\n1\\n:3\\n-H-\u00c2\u00a3\\n5?r\\nS3\\n:io co .r-T\\n:-(r-( :io\\n5 i# 1 1\\na.\\n02\\nCO\\nCD\\ne5\\nJcf\\nii i\\nt-ToT\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a22\\n:o\\np\\nill i\\ni\\nCO\\nCD\\n1\\n1\\nS 3\\n6\\nS\\nof\\n1\\nCO\\nIIS\\n-H 10\\n1\\nCO\\nO\\nP5\\noioo\\n:cor^cpO500\\n.\u00e2\u0096\u00a0o3cf^ r ru5\\n:-s r-i CO\\n(Mioo :iraco loscooi :io-fi o-\\nTTi i ,c i^ ^1^ CO \u00c2\u00bbi5 c\\nTtiOO :rHr^ -w c^ S\\n1\\ni2\\nft\\n02\\nS8?5\\nin\\n=8\\n:5D\\njg\\n:co\\n1\\n1\\na\\no\\ns\\nC310\\n1\\n1^\\nrT (N\\ncfn*\\nll\\na\\n-a\\na\\nK\\n4.\\na\\ns\\na\\nis\\nc\\nC\\na\\nc\\np:\\na\\na\\na\\nc\\na\\na\\nc\\na\\nc\\n6\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a05:\\nc\\nJo\\nc\\nS\\n1\\na\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2a\\na\\na\\ni\\n4)\\n1!\\n3\\nJD\\nS-,\\na\\nW\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2a\\nc\\n4J\\na^\\n0.2\\nc\\nc\\nc\\na\\na\\n-a\\na\\nc\\n4\\na\\n4\\nM\\nOjU\\n6\\nIs\\n[V\\nis,\\nSo\\n1\\n4\\na\\n4\\ns~\\nOh\\nu\\nX}\\na\\nbi\\na\\nc\\nc\\ni.\\na\\ns\\nc\\nc\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a05\\nH\\na\\n2", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0259.jp2"}, "260": {"fulltext": "350\\nWILMINGTON, KORTII CAROLINA.\\na\\n05\\n:iceo\\n:io :u^^ ^osS\\nt~ o^cj, r^\\n-jT :o o*\u00e2\u0080\u0094\\n:-f :o-^\\nr oi cc c-ff-r :ic\\nJ|\\njoo-^\\n1\\ncc\\n.-s IS\\ni: ^oo\\np.\\nm\\n:u} :o loio :^3o :q :o\\nt-;, icc^ 3j. :t^,t-;.\\nf^ i z i i* co\\ni jS\\n|6\\n?2\\n00\\no\\na\\n2\\n6\\ni\\n|u3 I\\nill\\n:M 5\\n1 -s\\nCO\\n8\\n-t1\\na\\no\\n:oB :coooco -co i ::o-\u00c2\u00ab :cSoo :qoo :u5 :o :cot :r~\u00e2\u0080\u0094 i\\n:o :uii5t~i~ :oo :\u00c2\u00aboo :ccm :a^ :o :oo xi\\njg3 j-^ S-^ j i i 1 i 1 j^^ iS j 1^3 i 1=^ j i^ T\\n|i\\ni\\na\\nw\\nSS jSS^ i :3 1 i 1* jo^2 iSS j^o :8 j jo\\n--*to r-T-T :q^ J:^\\nM\\nI\\n1 B\\no s.f: i\\na\\noo\\nif2 i i i\\n:t^\\n:c4 i 1 J\\nief\\n:oo\\n:c^\\n2? IS\\nm 00\\n8 ic\\n1\\n.rt IcDooiooM :iom im rr^-N :u5\u00e2\u0080\u0094 i :cc\u00e2\u0080\u0094 :o :r5 ;oim\\n|\u00c2\u00ab5g-r.oor\u00c2\u00ab u5- iii ;occ -.og ^co ig itf\\n1 i i 1 i i i i i. i i i 1\\n00\\n1\\no o\\n2 |S\\nCO\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0ft\\noo\\nli\\nSI8\\nc5 o\\n3\\no\\nu\\n1\\n:c i_\\n2\\nOS\\n00\\ni\\n1 :\u00c2\u00abi oocrt :io\u00e2\u0080\u0094 :iMeo .-coo :ot^ :r-io loocsioo\u00e2\u0080\u0094 i\\ntf 1\\ny) 1\\nei -.o\\n1\\n:C\u00c2\u00bb ;oc^o :o ;oo looo ;o -cc\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a23 cSS? -S i jS J |jo j\\n:o c^ -ji rr^ jtiT Cic r;^\\n8 i\\n00\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0XI\\notT\\na\\no\\n1\\n1 1\\ni\\na\\nio\u00c2\u00ab^ :or-co \u00c2\u00bbr-i M :io :-roo :ojo .\u00e2\u0096\u00a0o\u00e2\u0080\u0094 i :t^ :o :co :oti\\nwcD rco*-*-^ ;r^r*oo iix-^ :oca ;oo ;t^ .t :c^ :ic\\nS 1 S\\noo of\\n|5 1^5\\ng\\no\\ncT\\n3.\\nCD\\noirj :ou?M :o :-h :io,\\nON iio-n-rf :oo :io :t-\\n:Ooo\\n00 iij T)\\nI S I iS\\njg\\n1 s\\nCO rr\\nC\\no\\ni\\ni\\nMi\\nO\\ni\\no\\n1\\na\\nc\\nc\\na\\nc3\\nrt a\\nPQ(\u00c2\u00a3\\nC\\na\\na\\np:\\n1\\ncil\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0rt :X;\\nW\\n3\\ni\u00e2\u0082\u00ac\\n:S\\nb\\ngcsce\\n1\\n3\\nP-D9-\\no w.i;\\nc\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2a\\nG\\n3\\n35 2\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a23 ii\\nc\\nS\\nSh\\nO\\n1\\ns\\no\\no\\nH\\n1\\nH\\nc\\nc\u00c2\u00ab\\no", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0260.jp2"}, "261": {"fulltext": "APPENDIX.\\nWith reference to the remarks upon our honored and\\ndistinguished dead in Oakdale, the following copy\\nwas inadvertently omitted, and is appended herewith as a\\nproof of what Wilmington people have done, and will yet\\ndo, in time of sore trial\\nAmong those who, by services during the yellow fever\\nseason, have imposed upon the city of Wilmington a debt\\nthat can never be repaid, were Phineas W. Fanning and\\nIsaac Northrop.\\nThe former held the post of Secretary and Treasurer or\\nan office with duties akin in the Howard Association. He\\nwas the dispenser of such charity as a sorely impoverished\\npeople could place at his disposal. At any hour of the day\\nor night, he gladly heeded the call to relieve the suffering.\\nThe scourge at last laid him on a bed which might prove\\nthe bed of death. Even then, he would refuse no one a\\nhearing, and from his chamber there issued orders to feed\\nthe starving, or to supply with nurses and with medicine\\nthe sick and dying.\\nMr. Isaac Northroj) accompanied his family to a place of\\nsecurity, and then returned to the city in pursuance of a\\nnoble resolve to devote his energies, his life, if need be, to\\nthe friendless and the poor. It was a purpose in which\\nself had no place\u00e2\u0080\u0094 deliberate, well-considered and intelli-\\ngently formed. He sought every opportunity for doing", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0261.jp2"}, "262": {"fulltext": "252 WILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA.\\ngood. From his own stores the poor were furnished till\\nabundant supplies were exhausted. All his thoughts, all\\nhis physical powers, were given to the work in hand. When\\nhe was compelled to cease from his labors to confront death\\nitself, he was not taken by surprise. He had contemplated\\nsuch a termination of his duties, and made full preparation\\nfor the event. His name deserves to be written high among\\nthe unselfish ones of earth,", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0262.jp2"}, "263": {"fulltext": "INFORMATION AND STATISTICS\\nRESPKCTING\\nWILMINGTON, NORTH CAROLINA\\nBEING A REPORT BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE PRODUCE\\nEXCHANGE.\\nPRESENTED TO ITS MEMBERS, APRIL. 1883.\\nEntered according to Act of Congress in the year 1883, by James Sprunt, in the office of\\nthe Librarian of Congress, at Washington.\\nWILMINGTON, N. C:\\nJACKSON BBIili, WATEK-POWER PKESSES,\\n188.S.", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0263.jp2"}, "264": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0264.jp2"}, "265": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0265.jp2"}, "266": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0266.jp2"}, "267": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3813", "width": "2003", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0267.jp2"}, "268": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0268.jp2"}, "269": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3813", "width": "1910", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0269.jp2"}, "270": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0270.jp2"}, "271": {"fulltext": "i", "height": "3813", "width": "1910", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0271.jp2"}, "272": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3845", "width": "2043", "jp2-path": "informationstati00spru_0272.jp2"}}