{"1": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2656", "width": "1921", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0001.jp2"}, "2": {"fulltext": "v-. -O,\\nv\\\\.\\ni\\n:oV--\\nf\\n^\\\\;,j^^j\\n^i- %Hi:^s\\ns-^ Jy\\n-0\\n,\u00e2\u0080\u00a20 V\\nX- ^o\\nT/ t^\\nl^^-^-^^I;^\\n-m\u00e2\u0080\u009eNr-; _^.-*,, \u00c2\u00bbW|*^^.-\\nc 0^\\nxO\\n5S^^J \\\\l^\\no\\nA^^\\n*^v", "height": "2665", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0002.jp2"}, "3": {"fulltext": ",^x^\\nxV^\\nb.\\n.#i^\\nxV?\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0s- ,^V\\n^^^i:^.^../\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a20\\n0,\\nx^^^\u00e2\u0096\u00a0\u00e2\u0096\u00a0V\\nX\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2X\\ns\\n.#!2%\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2V\\ne-.^::Z\\nc\\na%", "height": "2663", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0003.jp2"}, "4": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2488", "width": "1347", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0004.jp2"}, "5": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2488", "width": "1347", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0005.jp2"}, "6": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2648", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0006.jp2"}, "7": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2662", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0007.jp2"}, "8": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2664", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0008.jp2"}, "9": {"fulltext": "1\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2)THEi2=-\u00c2\u00ab-\u00c2\u00ab.\\nEAST COAST\\nFLORIDA\\nA Descriptive Narrative\\nJ. M. HAWKS\\nOf Hawks Park, Fla.\\nILLUSTRATED.\\n^.aJr\\n9r", "height": "2657", "width": "1812", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0009.jp2"}, "10": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2651", "width": "1988", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0010.jp2"}, "11": {"fulltext": "East Coast of Blorida.\\nCHAPTER I.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Early History.\\nDiscovery. Only twenty years aftei the discovery\\nof America by Columbus, viz., in the year 1512,\\nJuan Ponce de Leon, a companion of Columbus on\\nhis second voyage, landed on the eastern shore of\\nwhat he supposed to be an island, and named it\\nFlorida. This title was afterwards applied to the\\nterritory as far north as Virginia and west to the\\nMississippi. De Leon landed a short distance north\\nof St. Augustine. Several fruitless attempts were\\nmade to settle colonies on the coast within the next\\nfour years. The wonderful discoveries of treasures\\nin Mexico in 15 19 by the Spaniards turned the\\nheads of that adventurous people. They expected\\nto find similar quantities of gold and pearls among\\nthe Florida Indians. Stories were told of a moun-\\ntain of gold at the northwest, of such glistening\\nsplendor tliat it could not be looked upon in the\\ndaytime, but must be approached at night. Strange\\nstories were told of the natives. One of these ex-\\nplorers reported that he had found a race of natives\\nwho had the art of developing giants from an ordi-\\nnary race of people by extra feeding and stretching\\nthe bones of the young. This extra feeding is\\nsomewhat after the manner practiced by a swarm of", "height": "2657", "width": "1800", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0011.jp2"}, "12": {"fulltext": "4 East Coast of Florida.\\nbees to produce a queen from an egg that would\\notherwise have hatched out a common worker\\nanother tribe had tails, and lived on raw fish.\\nThese tribes are probably living near that famous\\nfabled fountain, in which to bathe would restore to\\nold age the vigor of youth. The Indians firmly\\nopposed the landing of the white men on their\\nshores, and several attempts to settle colonies were\\nbroken up, and the projector driven out of the\\ncountry.\\nSettletnent. The first attempts to settle this region\\nby the Spaniards were planned for rapine, defended\\nby murder, and ended, as they desei-ved. in ship-\\nwreck, starvation, and slaughter by the natives.\\nPanphilo de Narvaez in 1528. landed on the gulf\\ncoast with 400 armed men and 80 horses, and after\\nan eventful and fruitless search for gold, embarked\\nin rude vessels improvised on the spot for Mexico,\\nand all but four perished. Eleven years afterward\\nHernando de Soto, who had assisted Pizarro in the\\nplunder of Peru and amassed a great fortune, land-\\ned at Tampa bay with a thousand armed men and\\ntwo hundred and fifty horses but he too was doomed\\nto a sad disappointment, the loss of his army, his\\ngreat fortune, and his life, in this expedition in tlie\\nvain search for gold. In 1^64 Laudonniere, in\\ncommand of three ships loaded with soldiers and\\nsupplies for a settlement of French Huguenots some-\\nwhere on the coast, first made land at St. August-\\nine, which was then an unsettled ^vilderness, and\\nthen coasted along to the next inlet, and entering\\nthe river we now call St. Johns on the first of Mav,", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0012.jp2"}, "13": {"fulltext": "Early History. 5\\nnamed it the river May A few miles up, at St.\\nJohns blufF, he landed and built a fort which he\\nnamed Caroline. The next year Jean Ribaut was\\nsent out from France with a fleet of seven vessels\\nand five hundred and fifty persons, and supplies, to\\naid in permanently occupying the country. The\\nsettlers at Fort Caroline had become disheartened\\nand homesick, and were to set sail for France on\\nthe next dav, when the arrival of Ribaut gave them\\nnew courage. But while the French were busy un-\\nloading their supplies, and while four of their large\\ntransports were anchored outside the bar, a hostile\\nSpanish fleet of war vessels came in sight command-\\ned by Menendez, who had come prepared to drive\\nthe French heretics out of the country. The\\nFrench vessels put to sea chased by the Spanish\\nbut not overtaking them, the latter returned and\\nentered a harbor which they named St. Augustine.\\nThey landed their supplies and built a fort. The\\nFrench returned to their Fort Caroline and took all\\ntheir able-bodied men on board, intending to attack\\nthe fort at St. Augustine but they were driven\\nsouth by a storm, and wrecked on the coast north of\\nMosquito inlet. While this storm was raging, Me-\\nnendez marched from his fort with five hundred\\nsoldiers, and captured Fort Caroline and butchered\\nthe garrison.* The shipwrecked soldiers walked up\\nthe beach to the next inlet, and were taken across in\\nsmall parties by the Spanish and murdered. This\\n*See History of Florida by Geo. R. Fairbanks, for a romantic\\nand Interestiug account of the early settlements in Florida; for\\na more full description of De Soto s march, see Irving s Con.\\n(|uest of Florida.", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0013.jp2"}, "14": {"fulltext": "6 East Coast of Florida.\\ndeed of blood gave the name Matanzas to the inlet\\nand river. A hundred and fifty from the same fleet\\nafterwards came up and surrendered, and were\\nspared twenty others who refused to come in and\\nsurrender may have perished or been killed by Indi-\\nans. The relatives and friends of these victims of\\ncold-blooded murder petitioned the king of France\\nfor some redress for these wrongs, but in vain it\\nwas left for a private citizen to take the matter in\\nhand, and punish the murderers and vindicate the\\nhonor of his country. Dominic de Gourgues with\\none hundred and eighty-four men and three vessels,\\none of which was small enough to be used with\\noars, came over from France and having the aid of\\nthe Indians captured a fort each side of the mouth\\nof the St. Johns, and the old French Fort Cai oline,\\nkilling and taking prisoners all but a very few that\\nescaped by flight. When Menendez butchered the\\nFrench garrison he excused the crime on religious\\ngrounds, and caused the inscription, Not as\\nFrenchmen^ but as Lutherans to be suspended over\\nthe spot. Here DeGoui-gues hanged his prisoners\\nof war, and over their bodies suspended a tablet on\\nwhich was inscribed I do this not as unto Span-\\niards^ nor as to outcasts, but as to traitors^ thieves\\nand murderers^ The French made no further\\nattempt to colonize this region. The Spaniards\\nrebuilt the fort and contiuued the settlement at St.\\nAugustine.* The Indians did not at first take kind-\\nly to the Spanish missionaries, but killed a great\\n*ror a very interesting and reliable account of the affairs in\\nthe early days of the Ancient City, see W. \\\\V. Dewhurt s His-\\ntory of St. Augustine.", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0014.jp2"}, "15": {"fulltext": "Early History. 7\\nmany of them.* A tribe known as the Atimucas or\\nTamucas, was driven out by the English from mid-\\ndle Florida about 1705, and settled sixty-five miles\\nsouth of St. Augustine from them the Tomoka\\nriver took its name.\\nIn 1763 the state was ceded to Great Britain at\\nthat time St. Augustine had nine hundred houses\\nand nearly six thousand inhabitants, including the\\ngarrison of twenty -five hundred men. The first\\nEnglish governor, General James Grant, took great\\npains to have the country settled up liberal grants\\nof land were made to soldiers and ofiicers forty\\nfamilies came from Bermuda and located at Mos-\\nquito in 1766, to engage in ship-building, and\\nimmigrants came from other British islands.\\nDuring the twenty-one years of English rule in\\nthis state, more real progress and improvement of\\nthe country was made than in the period of Spanish\\nsupremacy that had been nearly ten times as long\\nbut the shadow of the Spanish throne was destined\\nonce more to fall atiiwart and darken these fair\\nshores. In 1784 the English and Spanish crowns\\nmade a trade by which Florida was given back to\\nSpain, and only three months given the English to\\ndispose of their property and quit the countr y.\\nSome went to the provinces, others to the Northern\\nStates, to Jamaica and other British islands. But\\nit was a ruinous move both to the citizens and the\\ncountr3^ The Spanish held possession of the state\\nthirty-seven years, or until 1821, when it was ceded to\\nthe United States. Within fifteen years the rich coun-\\n*From their first treacherous treatment by the Spaniards, the\\nIndians came to distrust all white men.", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0015.jp2"}, "16": {"fulltext": "8 East Coast of Florida.\\ntry to the south and to the north of New Smyrna\\nwas again settled, and this time cultivated by sugar\\nplanters. Between New Smyrna and St. Augus-\\ntine there were eleven large estates where steam\\nmachinery was employed in the manufacture of\\nsugar. In 1836 the Indian war broke out, and all\\nthe settlers fled from the frontiers to St. Augustine.\\nMaj. Putnam and a small company from the latter\\nplace with a few volunteers from Mosquito, number-\\ning in all 40 men had a battle at Dun Lawton with\\n150 Indians, but were compelled to retreat to their\\nboats, and go to Bulow. One white man and two\\nnegroes were lost and 17 wounded; 16 Indians\\nwere killed. During the six years of this Indian\\nwar all the buildings outside of large towns were\\ndestroyed and the country laid waste. Not until\\n1842 was it safe for the inhabitants to return to the\\nashes of their former homes.\\nFrom 1842 until i86i there were nineteen years\\nof quiet in which to buildup new homes. Then\\nthe war of the rebellion broke out paralyzing the\\nindustry of the State for four years. But since the\\nclose of the war the growth of Florida has been\\nwonderful. Population in some counties has\\ndoubled several times. In the East Coast region\\nsouth of St. Augustine for 300 miles there are now\\ntwice as many villages as there were inhabitants then.\\nRailroads run in every direction, putting us in\\ncommunication with the gi^eat net work system of\\nAmerica, and we are now cultivating tlie early\\nmarket garden of the continent.", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0016.jp2"}, "17": {"fulltext": "Physical Geography.\\nCHAPTER II,\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Physical Geography, Defini-\\ntion AND Description of the East Coast.\\nKnow ye the land where the cypress and myrtle\\nAre emblems of deeds that are done in their clime\\nKnow ye the land of the cedar and vine,\\nWhere the flowers ever blossom, the beams ever shine?\\nWhere the citron and olive are fairest of fruit,\\nAnd the voice of the Nightingale never is mute?\\nByron-\\nBehold I have set the land before you; go in and possess\\nthe land. Deui. 8.\\nThe State of Florida is sometimes, for the con-\\nvenience of descri])tion, divided into North, South,\\nEast, Middle and West Florida. Such an arrange-\\nment is wholly arbitrary, as the boundary lines of\\nsuch regions are imaginary. But the territory run-\\nning northerlv and southerly along within a few\\nmiles of the Atlantic Ocean is so well marked and\\nisolated from the rest of the State, as to merit very\\nproperly the title of East Coast Region. As a type\\nof this region take the land along the railroad,\\nbetween New Smyrna and Orange City. First\\nthere is a high hammock on the bank of the Hills-\\nboro river, which, with the Cottonshed hammock\\nis say one mile then open pine woods two miles\\nthen the low hammock at Glencoe, and the dry\\nscrub beyond, one mile then the low or flat pine\\nwoods twelve miles; then the high rolling pine\\nwoods six miles, and lastlv the river lands four", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0017.jp2"}, "18": {"fulltext": "lo East Coast of Florida,\\nmiles. Now every one of these tracts of land\\ncrossed by the railroad represents a strip or belt\\nmore than two hundred miles long with slightly\\nvarying features, crossed by the railroad at nearly\\na right angle. Beginning on the sea shore these\\nbelts occur o.n an average somewhat as follows ist,\\nthe Beach Ridge, one mile 2d, the river basin or\\nwater-way, one mile 3d, the high hammock along\\nthe west bank of the river one-half a mile 4th, open\\npine woods belt, one and one-half miles 5th, the low\\nhammock belt, one and one-half miles; 6th, the\\nspruce pine belt or white sand-scrub, one-half a\\nmile iTiaking a total of six miles. This typical belt\\nwill vary the beach ridge is interrupted by inlets\\nand cuts, the water belt or river basin is occasionally\\ninterrupted by a marsh the high hammock is not\\nalways of the width here stated, and is sometimes\\nentirely absent the low hammock is not continuous\\nalong the whole line, but the sand-scrub west of the\\nlow hammocks is very constant the flat woods are\\noccasionally relieved by a creek, the banks of which\\nare frequently higher than the surrounding country.\\nIn the vicinity of cape Canaveral, the coast region\\nwidens and the low hammock belt is wanting, and\\nbelow Jupiter inlet the East coast includes every-\\nthing between the ocean and the Everglades.\\nThis coast extends through more than six degrees\\nof north latitude, viz from 30 3-4 deg. to 24 1-2\\ndeg., and is washed along its entire extent by the\\nAtlantic ocean. A brief description of some of the\\nnatural features of these various belts will now be\\ngiven the beach is generally of a fine sand of d^z-", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0018.jp2"}, "19": {"fulltext": "Physical Geography. ii\\nzling whiteness, hai d packed and smooth as a floor,\\nfurnishing as fine a road for horseback or carriage\\nriding or for the bicycle, as ever need to be but\\nabove the reach of ordinary high tides the sand is\\nloose, and blown about by the wind. Along next\\nto the bluft which is only reached by the high storm-\\ntides, lies the drift-wood, consisting of fragments of\\ntrees and lumber that have floated down the rivers\\nfrom the interior, broken furniture and deck loads\\nof lumber, and other freight lost or thrown over-\\nboard from vessels in storms, gulfweed and sea-\\nweed shells in great variety and sea beans at\\ncertain times. Here and there along the beach are\\nthe parts of wrecks of ships and steamboats which\\nhave gone ashore, and are gradually sinking in the\\nsand Very few lives are lost on these wrecks, and\\na shipwreck on this coast is not a very dangerous\\naflfair and both the danger and suffering have been\\ngreatly lessened within a few years by the life\\nsaving stations and houses of refuge at certain points\\nalong the beach The beach ridge or peninsula is\\nnot as subject to frosts as the mainland. The ad-\\nvantage over the mainland at any given point\\namounts to about half a degreq or 30 miles differ-\\nence in latitude. This long line of beach is not\\nthe shore of the mainland for all along behind it\\nand parallel with it, there flows a body of tidal\\nwater, which separates the beach ridge from the\\nmainland. This beach ridge is nearly continuous\\nthe whole length of the Florida coast, excepting the\\nbreaks in it at the inlets, and at the coral islands at\\nthe south end. This long and narrow strip of land", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0019.jp2"}, "20": {"fulltext": "12 East Coast of Florida.\\nacts as a barrier, preventing the encroachment ot\\nthe ocean on the mainland it varies in width from\\none-fourth of a mile, as at Turtle Mount, to five\\nmiles at Cape Canaveral but its most common\\nwidth is about half a mile. Passing from the beach\\nwesterly the gi adual change and improvement in\\nthe vegetation reminds the traveller of his progress\\ndown from the top of a high mountain First are\\nthe sand drifts, changed by the wind so oiten that\\nno grass or weeds can take root on them others\\nclose by are covered with a scattered growth of\\nbeach grass and weeds and a rank growing vine\\nlike the morning glory. The next green thing is\\nthe universal and the almost omnipresent saw pal-\\nmetto. Whenever this gets fairly rooted the sand\\nhills become permanent. A few ridges further on\\nand low bushes are seen amongst the palmettos\\nThese ai e the bayberry, white bay and scrub oak.\\nThe sand drifts are soon noticed to be in long ridges\\nwith steep sides, and deep valleys between. In\\nthese valleys the bushes grow larger, and soon they\\nreach as high as the tops of the ridges Small live\\noaks and red bays are seen the oaks bend per-\\nmanently to the westward on account of the prevail-\\ning winds. The sand ridges become gradually\\nlower, and the trees taller, larger and straighter.\\nCedars become common, and just before reaching\\nthe river there are several rods of hard wood land\\nor hammocks, sometimes very rich and productive\\nShell heaps and mounds are common on the\\nbanks of the river Frequently there is a marsh of\\nvarying width between the banks and the open river.", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0020.jp2"}, "21": {"fulltext": "Physical Geography. 13\\nAs a general rule, where the beach ridge is low and\\nvery narrow, say a quarter of a mile, only bushes\\nare found growing and the wider the ridge, the\\nmore hard wood growth on the river side. This\\nridge east of the Halifax is covered for several miles\\nwith spruce pines. At Cape Canaveral the ham-\\nmock is first-class, as Capt. Burnham s celebrate^\\norange groves and cane fields can testify.\\nRocks. The finest specimens are froin the beach\\nopposite St. Augustine, Anastacia Island. Old\\nFort Marion, and most of the old houses in the\\ntown, and the sea wall are built of it. This rock\\noccurs in layers, and crops ovit occassionally on the\\nriver shores notably at Pacetti s, and at Lourcey s\\nPoint, and from there all the way down to New-\\nSmyrna, four miles. It underlies the land at the\\nHaulover. East of Jupiter Sound, as before men-\\ntioned lime stone occurs and a few miles north of\\nHillsboro inlet a ledge of rock resembles slate.\\nThe most remarkable shell mounds in the State are\\non this beach ridge. Green mound, probably 30\\nfeet high and covered with trees, 3 miles north of\\nthe inlet. Turtle mound 32 feet high, 12 miles\\nsouth of the inlet.\\nThe next of these coastwise divisions to\\nbe noticed is the water belt, or river basin\\nor series of tidal rivers, or sounds. There\\nare a few exceptions to be mentioned as to\\nthe continuous nature of this tidal river basin,\\nbetween the beach and the main and these excep-\\ntional points have sensed to divide the waters and to\\ngive them various local names, for instance be-", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0021.jp2"}, "22": {"fulltext": "14 East Coast of Florida.\\ntween the mouth of the St. Johns and the inlet at\\nSt. Augustine, a swamp takes the place of the tidal\\nriver for a few miles from this swamp the water\\nflows both ways the portion running north and\\ndischarging its w^aters into the St. Johns near its\\nmouth is called Pablo Creek and from the south\\nend of this swamp to the St. Augustine inlet is the\\nNorth River. From St. Augustine southerly about\\n20 miles to Matanzas inlet the river bears the same\\nname of the inlet. The beach ridge between\\nMatanzas river and the ocean is Anastasia island.\\nA few miles below Matanzas we find this inside\\ncoastwise river again interrupted by a swamp or\\nmarsh the brook running from it northerly is the\\nMata Compra creek emptying into the Matanzas\\nriver on the south end arises Smith s creek, half\\na dozen miles or so in length, which helps, with\\nBulow creek, and Timoka river to make the Hali-\\nfax, so named from an English lord. The Halifax\\nmay be considered a type of the coastwise river.\\nIt is about 30 miles long, and discharges its water\\ninto the ocean through Mosquito inlet. A mile\\nfrom its outlet this river receives Spruce creek\\nfrom the west through two crooked channels through\\nthe marsh, which is here half a mile wide and over\\ntwo miles long to the north. Various channels of\\ntide water meander through the marsh, many of\\nwhich have no names. One of these terminating\\nin a pocket is called Fools Creek. Sutton s creek\\nis several I ods wide, and navigable for schooners.\\nFowler s creek and bay are on the west side of the\\nriver they are in reality part of the river, separa-", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0022.jp2"}, "23": {"fulltext": "Physical Geography. 15\\nted from its main channel by extensive marshes\\nFor about six miles up the river from the inlet, the\\nchannel is contracted and crooked made narrow\\nby Mangrove islands vs^hich have grown up from\\noyster banks which are abundant here. The last of\\nthese, the Pelican islands, surrounded by oyster\\nbeds, stands about mid river above these for twenty\\nmiles the river is three-fourths of a mile wide,\\nstraight as an arrow, and free from islands and\\nmarshes, bordered on either hand by hammocks\\nand pine woods, with villages every 2 or 3 miles\\nnestling among the oaks and palm trees, and the\\nriver dotted over with white sails, it is one of the\\nprettiest sheets of water in the country.\\nMosquito Inlet. This is a break in the beach ridge\\nhalf a mile wide or more, through which the ocean\\ntide pours in and fills these coastwise rivers from this\\ninlet to the south for thirty miles or more the river\\nis called the Hillsborough, named from an English\\nlord. This inlet is probably at the lowest point for\\nseveral miles, as both rivers discharge their waters\\ninto the sea together through this common channel\\nand when the tide flows in, it divides, and a portion\\nrushes on northerly up the Halifax the other runs\\nsouth up the Hillsboro. The tide here rises about\\nthree feet, and its current is strong in both rivers in\\nthe portions nearest the inlet, and where the chan-\\nnels aie confined to comparatively narrow^ space.\\nThe ship channel throvigh the inlet varies consider-\\nrbly, being changed by N. E. and S. E. gales buoys\\nmark the channel, and there is at high tide frequent-\\nly ten feet of water on the bar. The government", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0023.jp2"}, "24": {"fulltext": "1 6 East Coast of Florida.\\nmade a surve} of the harbor and inlet in 1885, pre-\\nliminary to making further improvements. A first-\\nclass lighthouse of brick and iron was in i886\\ncommenced a mile north of the inlet.\\nThe Hillsboro River extends south over 30 miles\\nfor the first 15 miles, it is i 1-2 miles wide, but con-\\nsiderably filled with marsh and mangrove islands,\\namong which the ship channel is somewhat crooked\\nthe southern half of the river is 3 miles wide, nearly\\nfree from islands, expanding like a bay. The water\\nis more shallow and the channel obstructed with\\ncoral reefs this portion still retains the name of the\\nLagoon. Our coastwise rivei-s are again inter-\\nrupted by a narrow strip of land 800 yards wide,\\nwhich separates the river just described from the\\nIndian river a canal was cut through connecting the\\ntwo rivers at the Haulover, a few years ago, admit-\\nting boats drawing 18 inches, and of9 feet beam.\\nHere Nature, in one of her sporting moods, took\\na wide departui-e from lier general rule of narrow\\nbeach ridge and narrow inside river the beach\\nridge widens until at Cape Canaveral lighthouse it is\\n5 miles wide and the river is expanded into a bay\\n^-\u00c2\u00bbver 15 miles wide, having in it Merritt s island\\nwhich is 8 miles in width at its noilh end but\\nwithin 30 miles she sobered down and worked in\\nthe usual manner to the south end of Biscayn^ bay,\\nbeyond -which coral islands take the place of the\\nbeach ridge. There is no interruption in this in-\\nterior river basin south of the Haulover until the\\nHaulover is reached that separates the waters of\\nLake Worth Creek from Lake Worth This lake is", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0024.jp2"}, "25": {"fulltext": "Physical Geography. 17\\nabout 35 miles long and about 2 miles wide, sep-\\narated from the ocean by a beach ridge of a quarter\\nof a mile wide. It is a part of the great system of in-\\nternal tidal rivers, only cut off from other waters at\\nthe north and the south ends, by marshes. A little be-\\nyond the lake are the headwaters of the Hillsboro\\nand this again is near the New river, from which\\nlow grounds continue to the head of Biscayne Bay.\\nThe few occasional obstructions to the continuous\\nchannel of this great natural water highway which\\nhave been noticed above are now (1887) being re-\\nmoved by the East Coast Canal Company The\\ndredges of the company beginning at St. Augustine\\nhave cut through the sand bars and made a straight\\nchannel down the Matanzas, up the Mata Compra\\nCreek and nearly through the intei vening marsh to\\nthe head of Smith s Creek the channel of the latter\\nis being deepened and widened, and the Matanzas\\nwill soon be connected with the Halifax by a canal\\n30 feet wide and 6 feet deep.\\nThe next or third of these natural belts is the high\\nhammock along the west bank of the rivers. This\\nis an excellent quality of soil, light and sandy, but\\nmade rich by the decay of hard wood leaves and b\\nthe animal remains, oysters, clams and fish left there\\nby the Indians. The oyster shells are scattered all\\nalong and occur in banks sometimes several feet\\nthick the highest and largest of these on the west\\nof the river are at New Smyrna, the site of Turn-\\nbull s house, and at Gad Bryan s grove at Hawks\\n*There are two Hillsboi-o rivers on the East Coast, ancl one on\\nthe Gulf.", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0025.jp2"}, "26": {"fulltext": "1 8 East Coast of Florida.\\nPark, and at Packwood s place, these aix; lo to i\\nfeet high. The forest growth on this quality of land\\nis a variety of oaks, hickory, cedar, cabbage palm.,\\nbay, and occasionally pine. When not too shelly\\nit is first rate land for the orange, and for garden-\\ning. This belt is the favorite location for towns\\nand villages. On it are situated St. Augustine,\\nOrmond, Holly Hill, Daytona, Blake, Port\\nOrange, New Smyrna, Hawks Park, Oak Hill,\\nTitusville, Rock Ledge, Eau Gallic, St. Lucie.\\nJupiter light-house, Biscayne, Miami, Cocoanut\\nGrove and Cutler. First rate land on this belt\\nwithin half a mile of a post office in Volusia\\nCounty is worth from $ioo to $500 an acre.\\nFourth belt. Pine woods can be counted on\\nas one of the constant features in Florida. On\\nthis belt occurs much of the yellow pine timber\\nfrom which the lumber is m ade on the coast.\\nThis is good famningland, and with proper manur-\\ning any crop can be raised to advantage, including\\noranges and other fruits. One peculiarity of this\\nbelt is the occurrence in it of savannas, which are\\nshallow grass ponds containing a few inches of\\nwater during a rainy time, but are dry most of the\\nyear. They vary in width from 5 to 10 rods or\\nmore, and are often several miles long, almost\\nalways running parallel with the coast and the river,\\nand were probably once lagoons connected with\\nthe river, or indeed beds of former rivers. In\\ntravelling up or down the coast one may go all day\\nwithout crossing one but if he travel east or west,\\nhe is liable to meet them every half mile. These", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0026.jp2"}, "27": {"fulltext": "Physical Geography. 19\\nsavannas .xre too wet to pi-oduce trees, and only\\ngrass grows on them. Country coastwise I oads\\nfrequently run along the borders of these grass\\nponds, which saves the labor of chopping trees\\nfrom a roadway. Another peculiarity of this belt\\nis that it sometimes has a subsoil of hard sandstone\\nof an iron-rust color. Such land covered with\\ngallberry bushes is supposed to be naturally unfit\\nfor the orange. Experiments have proved that\\nwith proper drainage and mulching, orange trees\\ndo well on it. Fifth belt. The low or heavy\\nhammocks. These are more variable than any of\\nthe other belts, in width and in their continuity.\\nThey have usually a black, clayey soil resting upon\\na stratum of shell marl or clay sometimes both are\\nfound. Nodules of fossiliferous rock, probably\\nlimestone, are found on the surface and beneath it.\\nThese occur in irregular masses, rounded as though\\nwater-worn. Pieces of coral are found in digging\\nditches and wells.\\nThese lands are generally lower than the sandy\\nbelts each side of them, which circumstance has\\ngiven them the name of swamp lands. Long\\nand narrow ponds or muddy sloughs sometimes\\noccur, rvTuning in the same general direction as the\\nhammock. Alongside of these there are higher\\nportions, which answer tolerably well as locations\\nfor dwellings. The growth of timber is very large\\nlive oaks are sometimes seen five feet through, and\\nhickory or white walnut three feet through, and\\nother trees proportionally large, except the palms,\\nwhich grow taller, instead of larger, on this rich", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0027.jp2"}, "28": {"fulltext": "20 East Coast of Florida.\\nland. Other kinds of wood there, are cedar, maple,\\nbass or wahoo, elm, ash, sweet gum, sour and bitter\\nsweet orange, bay and pine. The orange is a native\\nforest tree, and was found growing here and men-\\ntioned by the early Spanish explorers. These are\\nthe natural farming lands, and are the best in the\\nState they are well adapted to the growth of the\\nsugar-cane, corn, potatoes and vegetables of all\\nkinds. The most profitable orange groves are on\\nthis kind of land for while they can be cultivated\\nand made to do well on pine land, the growth is\\nmuch more vigorous and thrifty in the hammocks\\nbesides, they have here better protection from the\\nwinds, an item of great importance that has been\\ntoo much neglected heretofore. These are also\\nnatural grass lands. Neglected old fields, instead\\nof growing up with broom grass in bunches, and\\nweeds, become covered with a rich, succulent grass\\nwhich forms a heavy sward or sod, affording the\\nbest of pasturage and hay. Examples of this are\\nfamiliar in the fields of Dunn Lawton and St.\\nJoseph, near Matanzas. It was these lands that\\nDr Turnbull cultivated in indigo and sugar-cane.\\nThey have been planted since then in cane, but this\\nindustry was destroyed by the Indian war of 1836 to\\n1842. Picturesque ruins of the old stone sugar-mill\\nare still standing near New Smyrna, St. Joe s,\\nand at Bulow s, overgrown with vines and trees.\\nIn order to make these hammocks available to\\nworkingmen of small means, there must be a com-\\nprehensive system of drainage perfected, by clearing\\nout the old Turnbull canals and the side ditches that", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0028.jp2"}, "29": {"fulltext": "Physical Geography. 21\\nconnected with them, and then selling the land in\\nsmall bodies on easy temns. A glance at a county\\nmap shows that these lands are covered by large\\ngrants of from one to three thousand acres each.\\nThese grants are generally held by heirs of the orig-\\ninal grantees, who are living in various parts of the\\nUnited States. The current price before the war\\nwas ten dollars an acre. Within a year or two sales\\nhave been made at thirty to fifty dollars an acre in\\nlarge lots, and at Daytona, in ten-acre lots, for one\\nhundred dollars per acre, all unimproved. No rail-\\nroad ah eady running to the coast can long aflbrd to\\nneglect extending itself along on one side or the\\nother, the whole length of these bodies of rich lands.\\nSixth. The spruce pine scrub belt extends all\\nalong on the west border of the land just mentioned.\\nIt is apparently white beach sand, covered with a\\ngi owth of small spruce, pines and bushes high,\\ndry and healthy location for dwellings of those who\\ncultivate the lower rich lands. This kind of land is\\nof little or no value for agricultural purposes, but\\nwill come to be appreciated for residences of those\\nhaving groves and gardens near on the hammocks,\\nor flocks and herds grazing in the flat woods further\\nwest.\\nSeventh belt. The flat woods or prairie, cover-\\ning a territory fifteen miles wide, more or less, ex-\\ntending all along the coast. It is covered in some\\nplaces with a thick growth of pine timber. The\\ncypress swamps and ponds are in this belt. The\\nsoil is naturally good in many places, and this whole\\ntract is capable, when reclaimed, of sustaining a", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0029.jp2"}, "30": {"fulltext": "32 East Coast of Florida.\\nlarge population of stock-raisers, fruit-growers and\\nfarmers. The six foregoing belts or strips of terri-\\ntory may all be comprised in one, which we pro-\\npose to call the East Coast Belt, as mentioned before.\\nvSome information concerning the southern extremity\\nof the East Coast belt is contained in the next chap-\\nter. Geologists suppose that in the early ages the\\nocean extended west to the red clay soil and fossil-\\nbearing limestone of the middle part of the State?\\nand all these eastern belts are the results of the\\nwinds and waves of the sea. A similar process of\\nbuilding up from the sea is going on at the present\\nday. The cause of the beach ridge that extends all\\nalong the East Coast is a matter for philosophical\\nspeculation. M. E. de Beaumont, quoted by Vol-\\nney in his Notes on North America, estimates that\\none-third of the coast line of the continents is fringed\\nwith such bars or banks. Whenever a canal emp-\\nties into an open part of a river, a similar ridge is\\nformed by the actioti of the wind meeting the force\\nof the current. At the outlet of the canals on the\\nHalifax this bar trends southerly, as the prevailing\\nheaviest winds are northeasterly. Perhaps the\\nTomoka dnce ran directly into the sea, and in the\\ncourse of ages the beach ridge has been piled up\\nand grown toward the south. Perhaps the fresh\\nupper portion of the Indian River once ran into the\\nsea north of Cape Canaveral, aud Elbow Creek,\\nTurkey Creek and St. Sebastian River helped to\\npile up the beach ridge that protects their mouths\\nfrom the waves of the sea.", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0030.jp2"}, "31": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 23\\nCHAPTER III.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Coastwise Travel in 1865\\nAND 1869. Journey from Port Orange to\\nMiami, and from Port Orange to St. Au-\\ngustine.\\nThe city was large and great, but the houses were not yet\\nhuilded. Bible.\\nThe tourist or an emigrant who visits the East\\nCoast of Florida to-day, riding comfortably and\\nswiftly along in the cars or in the steamboat, and\\nwho finds plenty of good hotels all along his route,\\ncan hardly realize the change that a few years have\\nmade in these matters. In the old Arabian story,\\nthe charmed phrase, Open Sesame, when spoken\\nby the magician, threw back on their hinges the\\nmassive dooi s, and revealed the untold wealth that\\nwas hidden there. Greater than the magician s\\nwealth is that which lies along the Eastern Coast,\\nand has been practically locked up, waiting for the\\nmagician s word. The magical word has been\\nspoken it is Transportation and now the rich\\nmines of the coast, of health and wealth, are open\\nto all the world. The following records of journeys\\nshow how we used to travel and live on the coast\\nbefore the steam engine reached these shoi^es.\\nIn 1869 I lived at the site of the Old Mill, the\\nboiler of which had burst, and the company that\\nowned it had collapsed. My friend Purdie, late\\nfrom the Custom House at Hilton Head, S. C, and\\nmyself had risked all our available funds in stock in\\nand loans to the aforesaid company, and with its\\nfailure departed our last dollar and all our long-\\ncherished hopes of a town at that point.", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0031.jp2"}, "32": {"fulltext": "24 East Coast of Florida.\\nFor many months we had desired to make a visit\\nto the southern coast, and were at last led to decide\\non the journey by Lieut. -Gov. Gleason of Miami,\\nwho called at my house on his way home from Tal-\\nlahassee. It was arranged that we should start in a\\nfew days after he left, and he would wait for us at\\nJupiter Light-house. We had borrowed a small\\nsail-boat of neighbor Mailey, and stored it with\\nrations raw and cooked and such other things as we\\nthought would come handy, including a spade, a\\nhatchet, and stock of lightwood for the ready\\nkindling of fire. A colored man was to go along\\nwith us, so we waited for him beyond the time set\\nfor starting, and finally sent up the river six miles\\nafter him, but he had changed his mind, and Purdie\\nand myself started on without him. It was 4\\no clock P. M. on the 5th of May when we spread\\nthe sail of the Madeline to the breeze and pushed\\no.x from the wharf, and with wind and tide glided\\ndown the river Halifax, across the inlet and up the\\nHillsboro. That night we staid at my shanty on\\nthe Alvarez place (now Hawks Park) where\\nDrawdy had a corn-field. The next morning at 5\\no clock we made coffee at Drawdy s and took it on\\nboard, not waiting to get breakfast on shore. We\\ncalled at Turtle Mound, and at Capt. Collier s at\\nCastle Windy. J. D. Mitchell lived at Oak Hill,\\nWilliam Williams (Bill Scobie) a mile beyond, and\\nArad Sheldon another mile further on. These were\\nthe only houses on the Hillsboro river from New\\nSmyrna to the Haulover canal, excepting the shanty\\nof Drawdy and Henry Sawyer s half a mile below.", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0032.jp2"}, "33": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 25\\nThe landmarks showing the entrance to the Haul-\\nover canal, on the west side, were two stakes stand-\\ning in the water half a mile from the shore. The\\nwater is about two feet deep in this part of the\\nriver, and is not affected by the tides, but the wind,\\nwhether north or south, varies the depth of water\\nseveral inches. We had no difficulty in finding the\\ncanal, but the entrance to it was so shallow that we\\nhad to unload our boat and drag it through into the\\ncanal, where there was deeper water. It took us\\ntwo hours to get our boat through into Indian river,\\nwhich we accomplished by 4 o clock. We con-\\ncluded to stop over night at a house about half a\\nmile from the canal. We made fast our boat to a\\nstake a quarter of a mile from the shore, so that oin-\\nprovisions might be safe from the lean and hungry\\ndogs and hogs that roam along those shores. With\\nour trousers rolled up above our knees, and with\\nshoes and stockings in our hands (the usual sty^,,\\nthose shallow waters where there are no wharves)\\nwe waded ashore and engaged lodgings for the\\nnight, our boat being too small to sleep in. The\\nland here was level and fertile, underlaid with co-\\nquina rock. The canal was cut through this rock,\\nand the sides in some places having been under-\\nmined by the current, had fallen in. The ridge\\nalong the east side of the canal, formed of the rock\\nand soil that had been thrown out in making it,\\nwas fringed with cedar trees, along which a foot-\\npath extended from one river to the other. The\\nnew canal for steamboats is being made half a mile\\nfaither west. Our prospect of getting supper with", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0033.jp2"}, "34": {"fulltext": "26 East Coast of Florida.\\nthe family looked rather dubious, as the woman in-\\nformed us that the} had nothing in the house to eat,\\nbut the boys were out hunting. So we evaded back\\nto our boat and brought off some pork, flour, sugar\\nand coffee for ourselves and the family. By the\\ntime we had returned, the boys came in with six\\nducks, which, together with our own rations, made\\nquite a feast. No useless floor covered the ground\\nof the kitchen and sitting-room, and on our first\\narrival the good woman was spinning yarn on a\\nlarge wheel, and at the same time smoking a pipe\\na hen with young chickens was tied by a string in\\none corner of the room. There were no spare beds,\\nand so before dark we found two wide boards about\\n6 feet long, which we placed on the table at bed-\\ntime, and proceeded to arrange our couch for the\\nnight. With our own blankets under us, and our\\nmosquito nets suspended above us, and with all our\\nclothes on, we got a fair night s rest. As the boards\\nprojected beyond the table at each end, it required a\\nlittle care to mount into place and then to turn in\\nthe night from side to side, and not fall off or drag-\\ndown our nets, was a work requii-ing considerable\\nskill and caution. The next morning we alighted\\nfrom the table betimes and desired to get an early\\nstart, but it takes about two hours to get a meal in\\nthis country over the open fireplace, whether there\\nis anything to get or not. No charge was made for\\nour entertainment. We packed up our blankets\\nand the remainder of the rations, and as we toted\\nthem from the shore to the boat, the sun from high\\nup in the sky reproached us for being so late. On", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0034.jp2"}, "35": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 27\\nreaching the boat, what was our horror and dismay\\nto find that the box containing our cooked provis-\\nions had been unco \\\\-ered and the contents devoured\\nbv the dogs After uttering a few interjections, we\\nwere compelled to view the remains in sad silence,\\nfor there were no words adequate to the occasion.\\nThe river hei-e is six miles wide. In setting sail\\nfor Sand Point, now Titusville. we bore west of\\nsouth till we passed Black Point on our left, when\\nthe houses at the Point could be seen about 8 miles\\noH on the right bank of the river. A dark, heavy\\nhammock forest extends for miles along the west\\nside of the river. In that hammock Aurantia was\\nsituated. This settlement was started by Bliss\\nCo., of New York city, several years ago. It was\\nabandoned on account of being too low. At Sand\\nPoint we waded ashore, as usual, and took a brief\\nlook around the place. Col. Titus, a noted leader\\nin the border war in Kansas and Missouri, where he\\nand Col. Montgomery (Tall Jim) hunted each\\nother, kept a hotel there at Sand Point, and there\\nwere two stores in the neighborhood. The location\\nis level and apparently healthy, and the town had\\ngreat expectations. Our larder was replenished\\nhere by R. S. Sheldon, of New Smyrna, who kind-\\nly gave us a ham of venison. We did not make any\\nmore landings that day. A few miles south of Sand\\nPoint our boat struck a half-sunken log in the river,\\nand we feared for a minute we should sink, but the\\nboat was not injured. Toward night, having been\\nwet in a shower, we put up at Gardner Hardee s,\\nwho was clearing for orange groves in some excel-", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0035.jp2"}, "36": {"fulltext": "38 East Coast of Florida.\\nlent high hammock land. Here is a bold shore,\\nw-ith deep water. Thinking there would be no\\nmosquitoes where there were no signs of marsh or\\nmoist ground, we left our nets on board the boat.\\nBut after we had retired we regretted this, as the\\ninsects were fearful, and we got but little sleep.\\nThis was our first visit below Sand Point every-\\nthing was new and interesting to us. We were\\nsurprised at the width of the river, and at the high\\nbanks for miles along its western side, but the\\nhouses were few and far between.\\nMerritt s Island is thirty miles long, triangular in\\nshape, its base at the north eight miles wide, taper-\\ning to a point of rock at the south end but a few feet\\n^1 width. It is mostly pine land, and at that time\\nhad perhaps half a dozen settlers on it. From this\\nisland westerly to the shore of the river at Sand\\nPoint is seven miles, but the river grows narrower\\ntoward the south. That portion of the Indian River\\non the east side of the island is called Banana River.\\nIt is in some places five miles wide.\\nBanana Creek is the body of water extending\\nfrom Indian River proper to Banana River, across\\nthe north end of the island. It is filled with low\\nislands, amongst which the channel is of rather\\nblind and difficult navigation for strangers. On\\nSaturday morning, 8th of May, we left Hardee s at\\n5.30, and in three hours we had reached Elbow\\nCreek, where a little incident caused us to land here\\nand remain the most of the day. The wind was\\ndirectly aft, and too strong for our little boat. A\\nwave came over the stern, half filling the boat, and", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0036.jp2"}, "37": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 29\\ndrenching everything we had on board. We sailed\\ninto the mouth of the creek and landed at Mr.\\nAdams and staid, drying our clothes, till 4 P. M.\\nWe set sail again, but had gone but a few miles\\nwhen we made a landing under the high bank on\\nthe right side, and prepared to camp out for the\\nnight. Our bill of fare was ample: fried pork,\\nbroiled venison, fried cakes from a pail of batter\\nraised with yeast in the most approved style, coffee\\nand syrup. A few bushes laid on the ground under\\nour blankets made a good bed, and our sail made a\\ngood roof, under which we slept soundly. Sunday,\\nthe 9th, we breakfasted early and got started on om-\\nway at 6 o clock. The wind, still fair, but more\\nmoderate at first, soon blew a light gale, it seemed\\nto us, but we kept on, dining at Payne s, at Fort\\nCapron, at 3 P. M., and proceeding on fifteen miles\\nfurther, we camped for the night on the Judge\\nHerman place, having travelled that day over sixty\\nmiles. In the morning we passed Cape Malabar,\\nTurkey Creek and St. Sebastian River. These\\nstreams come into Indian River on the right. The\\nentrances to them are rather inconspicuous, and\\nwould be likely to be overlooked unless the traveller\\nwas on the watch for them.\\nCape Malabar, which many suppose to be on tlie\\noutside in the ocean, is a low bank of Avhite sand,\\nextending from the west shore of Indian River half\\na mile or so into the stream.\\nAbout fifteen miles below St. Sebastian, the river\\nbanks ahead appear to approach each other, leav-\\ning a narrow gateway for the river. This is The", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0037.jp2"}, "38": {"fulltext": "30 East Coast of Florida.\\nNarrows. The contraction in the width of the\\nriver is apparently caused by the growth of oyster\\nbanks on the east side of the river, which have\\nbecome covered witli forests of mangroves. The\\nchannel which is left is being, encroached upon in\\nthe same manner. This condition of the river con-\\ntinues to the Indian River Inlet, which has a depth\\nof water on the bar of four or five feet. Mr. Payne\\nwas Deputy Collector there. The frost of iS68 had\\nkilled a large avocado pear tree there.\\nFort Pierce, or St. Lucie, is three miles below. It\\nis an elevated location, and a good site for a town.\\nThe store and post-office was then kept by Capt.\\nFrank Smith, the representative in the State As-\\nsembly for Brevard County. This was then the last\\nhouse north of Jupiter Inlet, a distance of thirty-\\nseven miles. The land-marks by which the Her-\\nman place had been described were two tall cocoa-\\nnut trees standing near each other, and the hedges\\nof lime bushes. The cocoanut trees had been in-\\njured, and perhaps killed, byathe frost of the last\\nwinter. We landed on a great rock, which was\\noverhung by a sea grape tree a foot in diameter.\\nThe old orange grove was on high ground, but it\\nhad been neglected, and the trees, overrun with\\nsour sprouts arid bushes, were dying or dead. That\\nportion of Indian River south of the inlet is called\\nSt. Lucie Sound, although there is no apparent\\nchange in the direction of the river that would seem\\nto call for a new name. The water is more shallow,\\nwhich may account for the enormous amount of\\nturtle grass that grows there. It greatly obstructs", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0038.jp2"}, "39": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 31\\nthe passag-e of boats. The phosphorescence was\\nverv brilHant here at night, the wake of the boat\\nresembling a stream of fire.\\nNext morning we set sail at 4.30 o clock, and\\nlanded at Mt. Elizab ^th, a high palmetto hammock\\nat the confluence of the St. Lucie and Indian rivers.\\nWe also made a landing at Gilbert s bar on the east\\nside. The Narrows are a series of crooked channels\\namong the hundreds of mangrove islands. In pass-\\ning through we probably got out of our direct way\\nand into it again several times without knowing it.\\nAbout the only island of solid land we saw seemed\\nto be a camping-ground, and we went ashore there.\\nThe trunks of the mangrove trees here are held up\\nseveral feet from the surface of the mud islands by\\nroots which branch off like the legs of a spider.\\nLarger and finer specimens of air plants in blossom\\nthan we had ever seen before, were abundant on the\\nbranches of these trees. Following the tide, which\\nwas on the ebb, toward the inlet, we finally emerged\\nfrom the watery fore, t into a broad expanse of the\\nriver known a?, Jupiter Sound, which is about half a\\nmile wide. Here the relation between the beach\\nridge and mainland is the reverse of what it is far-\\nther north, along the Upper Indian and Hillsboro\\nrivers. Instead of the sandy, barren condition of\\nthe beach, as on those rivers, it is here a rich. aMuv-\\nial soil, considerably mixed and covered with bould-\\ners of limestone, and covered with a growth of hard\\nwood indicating first-rate hammock land. On the\\nwest side of the sound the land rises to a consider-\\nable height\u00e2\u0080\u0094 about fifty feet but it is composed of", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0039.jp2"}, "40": {"fulltext": "32 East Coast of Florida.\\nsand-heaps that look like snow-drifts in the distance,\\nand are thinly covered with a growth of stunted\\npines and scrub oaks. After the doubt and anxiety\\nwe felt in the dark forest of the Narrows, a sense of\\ni^elief and security refreshed us as soon as we entered\\nthe sound and saw the friendly light-house in the\\ndistance. We arrived there at 3 P. M., and found\\nour friend Gleason waiting for us and ready to pro-\\nceed in the morning. We had time to look around\\nthe place and go vip to the top of the light-house,\\nwhich is 170 feet high, from which we had a fine\\nview of the surrounding country. On the east lay\\nthe Atlantic Ocean on the north Jupiter Sound\\nstretched away to the Narrows on the south, close\\nby, was Jupiter River, a fresh water stream, while\\nseven miles away lay Lake Worth to the west ex-\\ntended a great ocean of pine woods farther than the\\neye could reach.\\nFrom Jupiter to Miami is a hundred miles. It\\nwas then an unbroken wilderness without a human\\ninhabitant or a road, and the only ways of reaching\\nthat distant point were by sailing vessels outside,\\nalong near the shore, or walking along the sea\\nbeach. Gov. Gleason had a project in his head for\\na canal to connect the whole series of internal rivers\\nalong the coast with Biscayne Bay, and he wanted\\nto view the la)- of the land and water along the pro-\\nposed route a part of the way. And the plan was\\nto go up the creek through the sawgrass marsh with\\na flat-boat, and haul it over into the lake, then pro-\\nceed in it to the south end of the lake, when we\\nwould have only about sixty miles to walk. During", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0040.jp2"}, "41": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 33\\nthe night Mike Axter, the mail carrier, arrived from\\nMiami on foot, as was his customary way of taking\\nthe mail. Mike was a stout Norwegian, over six\\nfeet high, and a great walker. He was a valuable\\nacquisition to our company, which now consisted\\nof five Gleason, Wells, a young man from Sand\\nPoint, Mike, Purdie and myself. On Tuesday, the\\nnth of May, the day was fine as could be desired.\\nWells flat-boat, the Lucy Long, had been stored\\nwith four or five days i^ations and such outfit of\\nother articles as we expected to need on the way.\\nWe started with light hearts and bright hopes, ex-\\npecting to be afloat in our batteau on the bosom of\\nLake Worth in three or four hours. At first we\\nsailed up the creek, which was deep and clear of\\nsand-bars the wind failing, we had to row. The\\ncountry through which we passed was not very in-\\nviting there were some fertile spots, but most of\\nthe land was covered with oak and other scrub, and\\nsmall pines.\\nNoon came, but no signs of the lake. There\\nwere several branches in our stream, and there was\\nsome doubt as to which was the right one. By the\\nmiddle of the afternoon we reached the border of a\\ngreat sawgrass marsh, in which several smaller\\nstreams had their origin, and united here to make\\nthe creek up which we had toiled. We selected\\none of these channels and went on, poling the boat,\\nas the tream was too narrow to allow of rowing.\\nAfter a little, Mike got out and waded, taking the\\nboat s painter over his shoulder, and rendered great\\nassistance by towing. Our stream gradually grew", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0041.jp2"}, "42": {"fulltext": "34 East Coast of Florida.\\nshallower, and affbrcled a scanty supply of water for\\neyen our flat-boat. Then Wells volunteered to step\\nout into the creek and push behind he was soon\\nfollowed by Purdie and myself, one at the painter,\\nthe other behind. Toward night the channel wid-\\nened and deepened, and we came to dry land on\\nour left suitable for camping on, so we cleared away\\nthe scrub, and spread our sail over poles and made\\na good tent, completing it just in time to have it\\nprotect us from a drenching rain.\\nThe next morning, the i3th, we started with fresh\\nhopes of being soon at the Haulover, but our creek\\nsoon became as bad as ever, and even the Governor\\nhad to get out into the mud, which was deeper than\\nthe water, and help push the boat through the lily-\\npads and sawgrass. This grass is higher than a\\nman s head, and the edges of the long blades are\\narmed with teeth like those of a sickle by care-\\nlessly striking the hand down by a blade of this\\ngrass, it could cut through a finger to the bone.\\nA man climbed the mast to look around, but nothing\\nbut the tall grass was near us to the east were pine\\ntrees, and we concluded to investigate on foot.\\nThree of the party walked easterly through the\\nmarsh to the pine woods, from which they could\\nsee the lake they brought back some dry wood,\\nand we bent over the tall grass, and used a board\\nfor a hearth, on which we made a fire and boiled\\nsome coftee. It was evident that we had come up\\nthe wrong channel, but we disliked to go back so\\nwe pushed on as near the land as we could get the\\nboat, and went ashore and camped for the night.", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0042.jp2"}, "43": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 35\\nThe question for debate that night was shall we\\ncut a trail, get rollers, and haul the boat over the\\nridge through the mile of pine woods into the lake\\nThe boat was large and heavy, our provisions nearly\\nhalf gone, and we concluded to abandon the boat,\\ntaking along the sail and ropes and light articles.\\nWe concluded to go to the shore and build a raft on\\nwhich to cross the lake, but on reaching the shore\\nthere was a scarcity of proper material, and we de-\\ncided to walk round the north end of the lake. On\\naccount of the thick scrub along the shore, we found\\nit easier to wade along in the water most of the\\nway. The surface of the water was thickly strown\\nwith dead fish, mostly catfish, and another kind re-\\nsembling shad. We afterwards learned that the\\ncause of this destruction of the fish was the closing\\nup of Lang s inlet from the lake into the sea while\\nthat was open the lake was salt now that the tide\\nwas shut out, it was becoming fresh again. We\\nestimated that there were many thousand barrels of\\nthese decaying fish, and the air was filled with the\\nunpleasant odor.\\nWe soon discovered that it would probably take\\nall day to walk round the end of the lake, and dis-\\ncovering a sort of cape or tongue of land projecting\\ninto the lake, we concluded to cross over on to that\\ncape, as the stream which separated us from it was\\nabout five feet wide. This was a large creek that\\nemptied into the lake, and was too deep to be\\nforded. And as some of the party could not swim,\\nPurdie volunteered to swim across and carry one\\nend of a rope, which he made fast to a stake, and", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0043.jp2"}, "44": {"fulltext": "36 East Coast of Florida.\\nthe others were aided across. Our clothing was got\\nover dry, in a bundle tied up in a rubber blanket.\\nThere were half a dozen huge alligators watching\\nthe movements at our rope ferry, and only a few\\nyards away, apparently not daring to risk an attack\\nbut as the last man got safely across, these slimy\\nmonsters lashed the water with their tails, no doubt\\nswearing mad that they couldn t have had a little\\nvariety in their diet of dead fish. Soon as we were\\nsafely over a tremendous shower came on, from\\nwhich we kept dry with the sail but we soon got\\nwet in crossing the land through the weeds and\\nbushes in the old field we went through. Arriving\\nat the eastern prong of the lake, we made a raft of\\nsmall dry logs and piled our clothes and other goods,\\nand with ropes attached, it was hauled across. The\\nwater was only about waist deep, but the mud was\\nso black we could not see the bottom. I kept a few\\nrods ahead of the raft, with a long cane looking out\\nfor deep holes and stray alligators, but found none\\nof either, and we landed without further incident.\\nThe only mishap with the raft was the wetting of\\nall our bread, sugar and coffee, and the getting of\\nour clothes covered with ants, myriads of which\\ncrawled up out of the half- rotten logs of our raft.\\nThe beach ridge was quite narrow at that point,\\nand in a few minutes we were on the ocean shore.\\nMike immediately strode off down the beach, and\\nwas soon out of sight. The Governor and Wells\\nmade a cache, and left all their heavy articles, such\\nas the guns, ropes, etc. The day was nearly spent\\nwhen we all started on our long walk. It was", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0044.jp2"}, "45": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 37\\nnearly night when we overtook Mike at CroweWs\\nWell. This was a watering place very important to\\ntravellers along that highway, since the water of the\\nlake had been spoiled for drinking and cooking pur-\\nposes. The well consisted of a pork barrel with\\none head out, set a few inches down in the sand,\\nto catch rain-water long pieces of bamboo cane,\\nsplit in two, reached out from the barrel in all di-\\nrections and served as conductors to the reservoir.\\nWith some of this water Mike had boiled coffee in\\nhis tin pail over a fire of driftwood that was blazing\\ncheerfully on the sand, and was eating his supper\\nhe treated us to coffee and biscuit. Mike carried\\nthe mail over this route every two weeks he went\\nin light marching order, the mail being much the\\nlightest portion of his burden. His outfit consisted\\nof biscuit, coffee, a tin pail and cup. hatchet,\\nmatches, pipe and tobacco, carried in a corn sack.\\nHe usually walked night and day, resting at inter-\\nvals as occasion required. Here we were, at the\\nend of three days of tedious work, only nine miles\\non our way ninety miles to walk, and about two\\ndays rations In view of these last two considera-\\ntions, Mike was sent on ahead with all speed to get\\nsome one at Miami to come up twenty miles and\\nmeet us at the head of Biscayne Bay with provis-\\nions. The United States mail pouch and its carrier\\nsoon disappeared, and we saw them no more till we\\nreached our journey s end. Gleason had been over\\nthe road many times, ^nd was acquainted with-\\nevery nook and corner, and the distance from one\\nnoted point to another. We camped that night", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0045.jp2"}, "46": {"fulltext": "38 East Coast of Florida.\\nnear Lang s inlet, and some of our party went for-\\naging over on an island for sweet potatoes. They\\ncame back with nearly a bushel, and reported that\\nthere was a field of four acres of them that had stood\\nthere through the last winter. Lang, who formerly\\nlived there, had been driven away by the horrible\\nodor of the dead fish, and was living on Indian\\nRiver.\\nFriday, the 14th of May, was our fouith day out\\nfrom the light-house. We were not now afraid of\\ngoing hungry each man had about a peck of sweet\\npotatoes these, roasted, are a good substitute for\\nbread. The beach along here was narrow, and\\ncomposed of coarse, loose sand, into which we\\nslumped, as into snow, about two inches at every\\nstep. The walking was tiresome, and twenty miles\\nwas a fair day s march. We soon learned that it\\nwas much easier to march Indian file, stepping in\\neach other s tracks. Whenever the leader stopped\\nto aiTange his luggage, the others passed on and he\\nfell behind. All day we were on the lookout for\\nanother cask of water, but found none. About\\nnoon we saw a stake on the bank at our right, indi-\\ncating a path, which we followed, hoping it might\\nlead to a spring. We found where a well had been\\ncommenced, and we dug further down with our\\nspade some eight feet, finding only coarse, dry\\nsand. Three of us remained for some time, resting\\nin the shade and prospecting for water. The next\\nwell we dug was near the border of the lake, and\\nperhaps thi-ee feet deep. The water in it was black\\nas coffee, tasted like epsom salts, and had the odor", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0046.jp2"}, "47": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 39\\nof rotten eggs. The third well, a little farther from\\nthe lake, aftbrded clear water, but very brackish and\\nsulphury but we were compelled by thirst to drink\\nof it. Gleason facetiously called it an aperient min-\\neral spring. Not long after, when we had resumed\\nour march, the following collocpy was heard\\nOh, Governor.\\nWhat say.^\\nThere is virtue in the water of that mineral\\nspring.\\nNo doubt of it, but what makes you say so\\nBecause it operates in jvist three-quarters of an\\nhour.\\nWells, who had impatiently left us before we\\nfound our mineral spring, had not been seen since\\none o clock. The sun was getting low, and we\\nbegan to look out for a good place to camp for the\\nnight. G. was lame and feverish, and Purdie as-\\nsisted in carrying his heavy rubber valise. I walked\\non ahead, and a little after sunset halted and kindled\\na fire the flames soon spread in the dried grass and\\nran up on the ridge, lighting the scene for miles\\nalong the shore. This attracted Wells notice, who\\nwas only about a mile ahead he came back for us,\\nand we went on to his camp-fire, where he had\\nroasted some potatoes, and made coffee with water\\nfrom the lake. After supper one of the party went\\nto move further from the fire, and being blinded by\\nthe blaze, and being too tired to look carefully, sat\\nsquare down on a bunch of prickly pears but tired\\nas he was he quickly changed his base, and suffered\\nfor his carelessness more than a month afterwards.", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0047.jp2"}, "48": {"fulltext": "40 East Coast of Florida.\\nSome of these cactus thorns will prick through the\\nleather of a boot as easily as an awl. We lay down\\nin our blankets on the sand rather low-spirited, as\\nwe feared that Gleason would not be able to go on\\nin the morning. But when the next day came,\\nwhich was Saturday, he felt much better, and was\\nready to march with the rest of us but he lightened\\nhis load by leaving his blanket on a log for Mike to\\nbring, and giving his valise into Purdie s care. He\\nstarted on ahead barefoot, carrying his shoes in one\\nhand, and a long cane in the other the back of his\\nneck was blistered the day before, and he dexter-\\nously managed to shield it from the sun with a por-\\ntion of some white undergarment it was a serious\\nmatter, but we had to laugh. The Governor was\\ntwo miles ahead when we started. Wells had\\nabout a load for a mule this he tied up in his\\nwoolen blanket, and swung first on one shoulder,\\nthen on the other he took the lead, Purdie was\\nnext, well loaded with his own luggage, and yet\\nable to assist a weaker neighbor. I carried a mos-\\nquito net, and a rubber blanket rolled up and the\\nends tied together in the form of a hoop and carried\\non one shoulder my shoes and stockings tied to-\\ngether and suspended from the handle of my spade,\\nwhich I carried on the other shoulder; then in the\\nhand that was least engaged I carried a handker-\\nchief full of sweet potatoes, and some rare shells\\nwhich I occasionally picked up on the march.\\nThere was no hope of getting water to drink until\\nwe arrived at the south end of the lake, which\\ntoward noon we hourly expected to do. Some", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0048.jp2"}, "49": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 41\\ncocoanuts we found on the beach gave us some\\nrelief. Many times that long forenoon one of us\\nhad gone up to the top of the beach ridge, hoping\\nto see the end of the lake, but the hateful, stinking\\nwater was still there. It was nearly noon when we\\nespied the Governor far ahead, out of hearing, wav-\\ning Jiis handkerchief on a pole. We all knew in-\\nstantly what it meant, and sent up a shout of rejoic-\\ning. Tears of joy moistened every eye. He had\\npassed the lake and found fresh water in a swamp.\\nHow we all enjoyed that clear, sweet water, as we\\nsat there near it eating our scanty lunch that noon.\\nNo artificial drink ever tasted half as good as that,\\nand water never tasted so good before. That night\\nwe camped at sunset on a great ledge of rock that\\njutted out across the beach into the sea. Sunday,\\nthe 1 6th, we arose from our hard bed and started\\nbefore 6 o clock, and soon passed Boca Retoms,\\nwhere stood a little board shanty, from which it is\\nsix miles to Hillsboro Inlet. We crossed this inlet,\\nwading and carrying our clothes on our head. On\\nthe south shore of the inlet we halted at an old\\nIndian camping-ground, and rested thi^ee hours.\\nOn our march that forenoon, a large jack fish, or\\nsalt water trout, jumped out of tlie sea and lay on\\nthe shore waiting for us. We took it along, and at\\ndinner had the luxury of roast fish. At this camp\\nwe dug the last well on the journey, finding excel-\\nlent water, but I took the spade along on my shoul-\\nder for the good it had already done. We used the\\nlast of our coffee at breakfast, and being cook that\\nday, I prepared tea of the bay -berry leaves at din-", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0049.jp2"}, "50": {"fulltext": "42 East Coast of Florida.\\nner, but we found it unpalatable. I cooked my last\\npotato, and was able then to put my handkerchief\\nto its legitimate uses. As we were starting on our\\nmarch, we were surprised to see on the opposite\\nbank of the river ;i rare, strange sight for that coun-\\ntry. It was the last thing one would expect three\\nmen evidently following us. One was dressed in a\\nflaming red shirt, and the two others in ordinary\\ncitizen s costume. Our first thought was that they\\nwere Indians; the next, tliat it was a relief party\\nup from Miami to meet us, and they had passed us\\nwithout seeing us. We waited for them, and when\\nthey came up we found they were, like three of our\\nown party, bound for Miami, on a prospecting tour.\\nOur new friends were John A. McDonald, surveyor,\\nand a Mr. Strickland, from Orange County, arid the\\nman in the red shirt was from Oregon he was a\\nhunter, carried a heavy rifle, and was very deaf.\\nThis new party had left the light-house yesterday\\nmorning, walking all the way on the beach, and\\novertaken us in a day and a half, whereas we had\\nbeen five days and a half in making the sayiie dis-\\ntance but then, our experience was richer than\\ntheirs. They generously shared with us their bread\\nand butter. On resuming our march we found the\\nsea beach much broader and firmer, making excel-\\nlent walking and we went on with new courage,\\ncomparing notes of our observations In various parts\\nof the state. We travelled ten miles that afternoon,\\nand camped ^t Fort Lauderdale ox the Cocoanut Trees,\\nOur soldiers in the Seminole war had camped here,\\nhence the name it is on the New River.", "height": "2671", "width": "2006", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0050.jp2"}, "51": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 43\\nMonday, the 17th, I awoke at daylight and found\\nthat Purdie had ah eady started ofl alone down the\\nbeach. His mosquito net had got pulled oft the\\nstakes, and he couldn t sleep. This morning we\\nate the last of the provisions but we were soon\\nafter rejoiced to meet Andrew, one of Gleason s\\ncolored men, with a large basket of victuals that had\\nbeen sent to meet us. It was a marvel to us to see\\nsuch nice flour bread spread with butter, and sand-\\nwiches with slices of most delicious corned beef.\\nIt was probably a marvel to Andrew to see how\\nquick eight men could lighten his basket.\\nNexv River had that day too deep and swift a cur-\\nrent to be forded, and we crossed in a batteau so\\nleaky that it would carry but two at a time, and\\nthen it would sink before we could reach the shox^e\\nbut as it took us across the deeper water it answered\\nour purpose. We kept our clothing dry in the\\nusual manner, by carrying it on our heads. At\\nnoon we met State Senator Hunt, Gleason s partner\\nat Miami, three miles above Baker s haulover. He\\nhad come up, as requested by Gleason, with a boat\\nto meet us. In this boat we sailed and poled down\\nDumfundlin Bay to Biscayne Bay, arriving at\\nGleason s and Hunt s residence at the mouth of\\nMiami River an hour after dark. As we landed.\\nHunt fired a gun as a signal to the family of his\\narrival\\nMiami. Here at last in a new, strange country.\\nOnly a little can be mentioned here out of what\\nwould readily fill a volume. Notwithstanding all\\nthe fatigue, thirst and scant food we were subjected", "height": "2660", "width": "1901", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0051.jp2"}, "52": {"fulltext": "44 East Coast of Florida.\\nto on the way, there was a charm in the new scenes\\nof this tropical landscape that far outweighed the\\nlittle, temporary inconveniences of the journey.\\nPerhaps the largest portion of the vegetation was\\nalready familiar to us in the region of Mosquito\\nInlet One of the marked changes was in the size\\nof the trees and shrubs. Port Orange is the farthest\\nnorthern limit of the mangrove bushes which there\\ncover the low mud islands at Jupiter Narrows the\\nmangroves are sometimes a foot through. The\\nsingle specimen of sea grape growing farthest north\\nat Port Orange old mill, half a mile above Pa-\\ncetti s, is a bush which blossoms, but does not pro-\\nduce fruit. On St. Lucie Sound the sea grape trees\\nare a foot in diameter. wSome of the novel things\\nwe meet are gum elemi, India rubber or wild fig,\\ngum elimbo, cocoa plum. Not far from Hillsboro\\nInlet are cocoanut trees growing wild. It seemed\\nstrange that over such large extent of territory there\\nshould be no sign of human habitation. Two years\\nafter this journey Mr. Hutchinson, auctioneer at\\nPensacola, informed me that he and a few friends\\nhad settled and lived awhile on the southwest shore\\nof Lake Worth. And Mrs. Manahan, an intelligent\\nJewess of Augusta, Ga., told me in 1852 that she\\nknew of a party from Charleston, S. C, who made\\na settlement on this coast some years before, and\\nabandoned it.\\nMr. Hunt s wife and an invalid son were at the\\nNorth. Gleason s family there consisted of his wife\\nand two sons, all bright and healthy. Wells had\\ncome to stay, and was at once at home. The deaf", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0052.jp2"}, "53": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 45\\nliunter also concluded to remain a few months.\\nThe others would look round and see what they\\ncould, and return with Gleason, who was to go very\\nsoon to attend the extra session of the Legislature in\\nJune. For a week we were the guests of the Lieu-\\ntenant-Governor and Mr. Hunt. With them we\\ntramped over the land, sailed over the bay, and\\nrowed up the river and creeks the time was\\ncrowded with new sights and scenes which shifted\\nevery hour through the day. This is the site of\\nFort Dallas, which was garrisoned by our soldiers\\nin the Seminole war. The block houses are now\\noccupied as dwellings. The most prominent fea-\\ntures in this region are the limestone, which forms\\ngreat ledges, reminding one of the granite hills of\\nNew England, and the Everglades, a great rocky\\nbasin of shallow water, through the rim of which\\nseveral streams have forced their channels, and after\\ndescending rapid falls of about ten feet, run easterly\\nto Biscayne Bay such are Miami River, Arch and\\nSnake Creeks. The Everglades, called in some of\\nthe old books the Great Glade, commence on the\\nnorth at Lake Okeechobee, including township 44,\\nranges 37 and 38, south and east, and sweep across\\nthe state southwesterly, covering an area about forty\\nmiles wide and eighty miles long their nearest\\npoint to the Atlantic is at New River, where they\\nreach within five miles of the sea. This whole\\nregion east of the Everglades to Biscayne Bay goes\\nunder the general name of Miami. The best lands\\nextend from townships 50 to 57 south, including\\nboth.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0053.jp2"}, "54": {"fulltext": "46 East Coast of Florida.\\nSurface and Soil. The upland is light and sandy,\\nand in many places so thickly covered with lime-\\nstone as to prevent its being plow^ed. Some of this\\nstone is white and soft, and easily cut with a spade\\nanother variety is hard and flinty, and full of irreg-\\nular potholes of various depths, and from one to ten\\ninches in diameter. The principal growth is pitch\\npine, which is generally cross-grained, and not eas-\\nily split into rails while green. There are a few\\nsmall patches of hammock covered with a growth\\nof hard wood and vines. The scrub palmetto and\\ncabbage palm, so common in other parts of the\\nstate, grow on both varieties of this upland. The\\ncoonti also grows in abundance. The savannas\\ncorrespond to northern intervale lands. They are\\nabout perfectly level, free from rocks, of an alluvial,\\nclayey formation, and so strongly alkaline (probably\\nlime) as to effervesce when vinegar is poured on it.\\nThese intervales vary in their degrees of moisture\\naccording to their elevation above the level of the\\nbay, and they are all subject to an annual overflow\\nof fresh water from the Everglades. These inter-\\nvales occur in long, wavy belts, sometimes parallel\\nwith the bay, bordered on each side by the pine\\nwoods, and their margins clearly defined by the saw\\npalmetto, which makes a dense border of evergreen\\nalong the edge of the upland this palmetto is very\\ntrying to the patience, and tearing to the thin pant-\\naloons of those who ti^averse it. It seems likely\\nthat these low plains were formerly lagoons or shal-\\nlow rivers which have been filled up by annual de-\\nposits of sediment from the water which overflowed", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0054.jp2"}, "55": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 47\\nthem. They are natural grass lands, and also pro-\\nduce the orange, guava, banana and cocoanut.\\nith comparatively slight expense, most of these\\nintervales or savannas could be dyked to prevent too\\ngreat overflow, and flood-gates established at canals\\nleading from the Everglades, making a cheap and\\nexcellent system of irrigation. The whole region is\\nhealth}^ we could hear of no sickness, and the near-\\nest physician was at Key West, 150 miles distant.\\nAbout fifteen miles south of Miami River is a level\\ntract of fertile country known as the Indian hunting-\\nground. At that place John Addison, foi merly of\\nManatee, had a promising field of pine apples. At\\nthe mouth of the. Miami there were between 70 and\\n80 cocoanut trees in a row, planted there by the sol-\\ndiers. Guavas and limes grow abundantly without\\nmuch attention.\\nAbout 35 miles away, on an island in the Ever-\\nglades, there is a remnant of the tribe of Seminole\\nIndians. Some of them are at the store every day.\\nWe saw old Tiger Tail and his son, the young chief.\\nThe constitutional right of these Indians to be rep-\\nresented in the State Legislature had not been ex-\\nplained to them. They raise garden vegetables,\\nand bring them down in their boats to sell at the\\nwhite settlement. The nearest market is Key West.\\nA schooner made the voyage and brought up the\\nmail every two weeks. It is understood that the\\nsteamships which touch at Key West will land pas-\\nsengers and freight at Biscayne at the light-house,\\nwhenever the freight or passage money amounts to\\nfive hundred dollars. Having finished our visit, we", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0055.jp2"}, "56": {"fulltext": "48 East Coast of Florida.\\nstarted to return to Jupiter on Sunday, the 23d of\\nMay, and camped that night at New River, which\\nwas so swollen with late rains that we could not\\ncross till 3 P. M. the next day. Our next camp\\nwas at Hillsboro Inlet. We found turtles eggs,\\ncaught two possums, and saw a bear that night.\\nThe water was deeper at the inlet than when we\\ncrossed before it came up to our arm-pits. On\\nthe morning of the 27th, at daylight, we arrived at\\nJupiter, after having walked all night, and ti^avelled\\n40 miles in the last 24 hours. At Jupiter our party\\nseparated, and Purdie and I went back together,\\ngetting air plants in the NaiTows, and stopping at\\nCapt. Fi-ank Smith s that night. Next day we\\ncalled at Mr. Payne s. A schooner was in port\\nfrorn the Bahamas with three families for Sand\\nPoint. We camped that night a mile north of Cape\\nMalabar. Next morning was rainy and but little\\nwind, and we only reached Mr. Adams at 9 A. M.,\\nwhere we had breakfast. Gleason and party came\\nalong at 10. We staid that night at Dr. Whitfield s,\\non the island. The doctor s family had i ecently\\narrived from Philadelphia, and were living in tem-\\nporary houses without floors. We slept on a rug\\non the ground in the kitchen. Dr. W. is an indus-\\ntrious and energetic man, and we predicted for him\\na bright future on his pleasantly located island\\nhomestead.\\nThe next day we returned down Banana River,\\ncalling to examine the limestone formation of the\\nsouth end of Merritt s Island, and sailed for Sand\\nPoint; but failing to make it out in the dark, we", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0056.jp2"}, "57": {"fulltext": "Coastwise Travel. 49\\ncamped on a sand bank half a mile to the south of\\nthe town. Without much delay we went on the\\nnext day, and staid over night at Mitchell s, at Oak\\nHill. He had a ten-acre grove partly in bearing.\\nThe next day, June ist, we arrived safely at home-\\nRoute to St. Augustine. Having been absent on\\nleave from my regiment, which was at Hilton Head,\\nfor the purpose of examining the country in the\\nregion of New Smyrna, I wished to return by way\\nof St. Augustine. At Bill Scobie s, on the lagoon,\\nI made a bargain with him to take me to Bulow s,\\nfrom which place I was to walk to St. Joseph and\\nto Celia Mier s. Scobie, now known as William\\nWilliams, is a tall and strong colored man, intelli-\\ngent, industrious and prosperous. At Old Stone\\nWharf he had to wait and help Brantley load the\\nschooner Hess (Capt. Brown) with cattle for Nas-\\nsau, and it was past one o clock when we left New\\nSmyrna. We called at Bobb s Bluft at Pacetti s,\\nand took along a keg of syrup for Mr. Mier that\\nCapt. Burnham, of Canaveral, had left there.\\nAbove McDaniel s, now Port Orange, there was\\nnot a house on the Halifax. An unbroken forest of\\n]iine and hammocks lined the shores all the way.\\nWe arrived at Bulow at 10 P. M., and vScobie hid\\nthe keg of syrup, and sent word by me where the\\nowner could find it, and then led me out through an\\nold field and through thick, dark woods, and put\\nme in the sandy road with the comfortable assur-\\nance that to Grifliths the next house at St. Jo,\\nwas only 13 miles. About midnight I came to a\\npai ty camping out the horses hitched to the carts", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0057.jp2"}, "58": {"fulltext": "50 East Coast of Florida.\\nand men asleep on the ground near a fire. I did\\nnot wake them, in fact took pains to go quietly\\nround them. In crossing a little stream I slipped\\noft the foot log into the water, which was only about\\nwaist deep. The advantage of this was, it wasn t\\nnecessai y afterwards to take oft shoes and stockings\\nfor every little pond in the road. It was 3 o clock\\nA. M. when I reached St. Jo, and went to bed at\\nGrifiiths Rising at 6, I breakfasted early and\\nwalked on, and soon met Mr. Mier and family in a\\ncart. I went home with them, and got Mr. M. to\\ntake me to St. Augustine in the cart. He rode on\\nthe horse and I sat on a bundle of corn fodder. We\\narrived at the ferry too late to cross over, and I slept\\nin the cart that night, and Mr. M. on the ground.\\nNext day we entei ed the city, and I helped Mr.\\nMier to get some provisions at the Post Commis-\\nsary, which would only sell on the order of a com-\\nmissioned ofticer in the service. I reached my reg-\\niment by steamboat via Jacksonville. Another\\nroute I afterwards travelled on horseback, was up\\nthe beach to the old salt works near Matanzas\\nthence westerly by an old road to St. JoscDh. I\\ngenerally made it a point to stop over night here,\\nor at Virgil Dupont, because at both places they\\nhad plenty of milk and clabber. I have stopped\\nseveral times at John Munsy s, because I once found\\nhoney there.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0058.jp2"}, "59": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 51\\nCHAPTER IV. Growth of the Coast in the\\nNew Era.\\nPeace hath her victories no less renowned than War.\\nThe Eastern Coast of Florida, being aside from\\nthe line of main operations during the war, escaped\\nthe destruction which attended the march of armies.\\nThe cities of Fernandina and St. Augustine were\\noccupied early in the war by the Union forces, and\\nthere was no fighting on the whole line of the coast,\\nthe aftair at New Smyrna not being a fight. But\\nthere was a halt in the march of improvements, and\\nhealthy industry was paralyzed. It was some time\\nafter the surrender, as southern people some-\\ntimes call it, in speaking of the close of the war,\\nbefore immigration from other states commenced.\\nThe only railroads that touched the coast were those\\nfrom Fernandina to Cedar Key on the Gulf Coast,\\nand from St. Augustine to Tocoi on the St. Johns.\\nWithin five or six years a railroad has been built\\nfrom Jacksonville to St. Augustine, 40 miles, and\\nanother, built in 1885, from Jacksonville to Pablo\\nBeach on the Atlantic Ocean, north of St. August-\\nine, where a great summer watering-place is rapidly\\ngrowing up and another to Palatka, 18 miles.\\nFurther south a railroad (the White road) con-\\nnects Palatka with Ormond and Daytona on the\\nHalifax. The Blue Springs, Orange City and At-\\nlantic R. R. to New Smyrna is graded and a third\\nof the road in operation, the whole line to be com-\\npleted before the last of the year 1886. Thirty\\nmiles south of the last-named road the St. Johns\\nand Atlantic R. R. connects Enterprise on the St.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0059.jp2"}, "60": {"fulltext": "52 East Coast of Florida.\\nJohns with Titusville on Indian River, making five\\ni ailroads to the coast, four of which have been buiU\\nwithin a year or two. These are great steps toward\\nthe development of the resources of the coast, and\\nthey make the necessity of the next steps more ap-\\nparent and more easy to be taken. These roads\\ntouch the coast only at certain points. What this\\nregion needs and will have is a coastwise road run-\\nning along close on the border of the rich marl\\nhammocks that run parallel with the Atlantic shore.\\nIn this belt of heavy hard wood land are to be the\\nfuture gardens, farms and groves of tropical and\\nlialf-tropical products of this climate. It will be a\\ngreat and unnecessary expense to the producers to\\nhaul their crops five or six miles to the river boats,\\nthen have them reshipped at the railroad stations on\\nthe river. This will answer the purpose for awhile,\\nand for such crops as potatoes, lemons, and some\\nother vegetables, honey in barrels, sugar and syrup\\nbut it will not do for our perishable fruits, such as\\noranges, limes, strawbenues, bananas, pine apples,\\nand other kinds not yet known in the northern\\nmarkets. The coast, having had a taste of rail-\\nroads, now calls for more, and will never be sat-\\nisfied until the cars that are loaded and locked in\\nher groves and gardens shall only be unlocked and\\nunloaded in the great markets of the north and west\\nto which they are consigned. Six counties border\\non the Atlantic Ocean they are Nassau, Duval,\\nSt. Johns, Volusia, Brevard and Dade. Of these,\\nthe following have their county seats on the coast\\nNassau at Fernandina, St. Johns at St. Augustine,", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0060.jp2"}, "61": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 53\\nBrevard at Titusville, and Dade at Miami. The\\ncapital of Duval, Jacksonville, is 12 miles from the\\ncoast, and Enterprise, the capital of Volusia, is 30\\nmiles from the sea. The growth of the coast belt\\nhas been most rapid on the Halifax, Hillsboro and\\nIndian Rivers, and Lake Worth. Brief mention of\\nthe settlements along the East Coast will now be\\nmade, beginning at the north.\\nAmelia Island, the most northern portion of the\\nFlorida coast, represents the beach ridge or penin-\\nsula in the region further south. The city of Fer-\\nnaiidina is on this island, about two miles from the\\nbeach, to which a horse railroad extends. This is\\nthe only seaport on the East Coast of Florida, con-\\nnected with New York city by a line of ocean\\nsteamships. The Mallory line has been in success-\\nful operation for several years. Fernandina, county\\nseat of Nassau County, is favorably situated for a\\nlarge city, it being the terminus of the railroad that\\nextends across the state to the Gulf, and a road to\\nJacksonville.\\nMayport, at the mouth of the St. Johns, named\\nfrom the river May, as this river was first named by\\nthe French, A considerable portion of the town\\nstands on white drifts of sand. It is a popular\\nwatering-place, and is growing fast. There are\\nupwards of a hundred cottages here, many of them\\nowned and occupied in summer by business men in\\nJacksonville.\\nThe Wallace Addition extends from Mayport to\\nPablo Beach. Here are 75 good-sized buildings and\\nseveral hotels. The Jacksonville and Atlantic R.R.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0061.jp2"}, "62": {"fulltext": "54 East Coast of Florida.\\nconnecting this place with Jacksonville, a distance\\nof about 12 miles, will make this a great point for\\nsummer resort for those who live in the interior.\\nDr. Webster s Addition extends from Pablo Beach\\nto San Diega. Summer cottages are being built all\\nalong the beach nearly to St. Augustine.\\nSaint Augustine has been already noticed in con\\nnection with the early history of the East Coast\\nIts growth since the w,ar has been phenomenal\\nSplendid private residences and immense and costly\\nhotels have been built, and two railroads to the St\\nJohns one to Jacksonville, and one to Palatka\\nThe values of real estate have advanced in this city\\nfrom ten to twenty-fold since the war.\\nThere has been no considerable immigration to\\nthe banks of Matanzas River. Mr. Washington has\\nan orange grove on the beach ridge, south of Matan-\\nzas Inlet. In Graha?n Hammock, northeast of Bu-\\nlow. Dr. Greeley, of Nashua, N. H., has a fine\\norange grove.\\nBulow is one of the old sugar estates. Beed,\\nKnox Beed have 55 acres in orange grove, most\\nof it budded on to the native sour trees as they\\nstood, the balance set out in regular rows. Forty\\nacres are bearing. Estimated crop of 1886, 4000 to\\n4500 boxes. At Haj wood s, north of the Tomoka,\\nmay be seen along the stage road nine miles of wire\\nfence. At the time of his death the owner of the\\nplace was engaged in farming on a large scale, and\\nin planting out a 500-acre orange grove. On the\\nTomoka river is the new town of Garfield, recently\\nlaid out in town lots and 3 to 5 acre farms. The", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0062.jp2"}, "63": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 55\\ndeltas of the Tomoka and Bulow Creek are of an\\nalluvial formation, and are as rich as any land in the\\nstate. When properly known and appreciated, this\\nlarge marsh will be drained, dyked and cultivated.\\nThe high ridge from Mount Oswold to Ormond, six\\nmiles, is a fine site for villages, and will not prob-\\nably long i-emain in its present wild state.\\nOrmond on the Halifax. Situated iS miles north\\nof the inlet, on both sides of the Halifax River.\\nThe main village, containing the stores, post-office,\\nschool-house, and church edifice (Union) are on the\\nright, or west side of the river. The corporation\\nextends west a mile and a half from the river, and\\nincludes the Younge tract, an old English grant of\\na thousand acres. The width of the town along the\\nriver is a mile and a half, and it extends easterly to\\nthe Atlantic Ocean about a mile, estimating the\\nriver and the beach ridge to be each half a mile.\\nExtending south 7 or 8 miles from the head of the\\nHalifax where it receives the waters of the Tomoka,\\nthere is an elevated ridge of land sloping gently up\\nfrom the water, so that in about 400 yards it is 20\\nfeet high. Ormond village stands on this ridge\\nabout six miles south of the head of the river,\\nshaded with beautiful palmettos, live oaks, pines\\nand magnolias. On this high ridge, which has the\\nmost perfect natural drainage, overlooking the river,\\nand but a mile from the Atlantic Ocean, the condi-\\ntions are most favorable for the enjoyment of health.\\nFish and game of all kinds abound. Here the tour-\\nist and invalid will find both sport and health.\\nThe ever beautiful river, the many Indian mounds,", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0063.jp2"}, "64": {"fulltext": "56 East Coast of Florida.\\nancient ruins, and the great ocean beach ofter many\\nattractions. The settler will find here some of the\\nvery best lands in the state, in every variety of loca-\\ntion and price. This place was first permanently\\nsettled in the fall of 1875 by 15 families, mostly\\nfrom New Britain, Ct., after which place the village\\nwas at first named. About the year 1S67 or 1868\\nW. W. Ross, from Kansas, brother of the U. S.\\nSenator, came this way, after looking through Cali-\\nfornia, Texas, and other parts of the sovith, and\\nfound a place that suited his taste better than any-\\nthing he had before seen. He accordingly entered\\na homestead on the river front, and built a small\\nhouse at Palmetto Point, in which his brother-in-\\nlaw, S. P. Wemple, and family lived about two or\\nthree years. There was probably a post-office for\\nawhile at the house, named Palmetto. Mr. Ross\\nreturned to Kansas, and Mr. Wemple returned\\nnorth, and is a prosperous manufacturer of flour in\\nthe northwest. A few years ago the citizens of\\nNew Britain, by a vote, changed the name of their\\nvillage in honor of one of the early settlers on the\\nriver. Abundance of clear, pure water is obtained\\nfrom artesian wells driven 70 to 100 feet. A 3-inch\\nwell bored 15a feet, at a cost of $1.50 per foot,\\nyields 30 to 40 gallons per minute. Price of river\\nfront lots, $300 to $1000, as to size and location.\\nLots fronting on side streets, 100 x 215 feet, from\\n$50 to $200. Land on east side of river, $3 to $5\\nper front foot, extending from river to ocean. High\\nhammock, $40 to $100 per acre. Low hammock\\nnear town, $50 to $100. The first settlers within", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0064.jp2"}, "65": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 57\\nthe present limits of Ormond were the Bostroms.\\nTlie two brothers, Andrew and Charles, took up\\ngovernment homesteads on the east side of the river,\\nwhere they now live. The Bostrom House now\\nkept by Andrew was the first house in Ormond,\\nand for several years was the farthest north of any\\non the river, and for some time the only house north\\nof Port Orange. The brothers planted orange\\ngroves there, which are now bearing. They built\\na substantial wharf and levelled a road across the\\nsand-hills to the beach, which for several years was\\nthe only wagon-road across the peninsula, or\\nbeach ridge, to the ocean. Two ancient avenues\\nwere discovered here, leading from Indian mounds\\non the bank of the river, through the woods to the\\nmore recent sand-hills. These were no doubt con-\\nstructed by the mound-builders, and extended to the\\nbeacli, when the ocean waves washed the shore\\nwhere the present forest stands, many thousand\\nyears ago. The Bostroms, in company with Molli-\\nson, of St. Augustine, first settled and improved\\nSilver Beach, on their first arrival here from Hilton\\nHead, S. C, where Andrew was in trade during\\nthe war. Bostrom s avenue leads out on to Hali-\\nfax Beach, naturally one of the grandest ocean\\nshores in the southern world. The shore is un-\\nbroken northerly to the Matanzas Inlet, and south-\\nerly to the Mosquito Inlet in all, a distance of 40\\nmiles, every rod of which is rich with historic inter-\\nest. What scenes of storm and shipwreck these\\nmute sands have witnessed, and what secrets are\\nhidden under these dark waves They know where", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0065.jp2"}, "66": {"fulltext": "58 East Coast of Florida.\\nrests the treasure-ship loaded by the Spaniards with\\nPeruvian gold. It is but yesterday to these ever-\\nlasting waves and sands that Ribaut s fleet was\\nstranded here, and his little army marched up along\\nthis beach, hopeful of reaching their friends in Fort\\nCaroline, little thinking how soon would be the\\nmeeting on the Eternal vShores, whither all were\\nsent by Mendez sword. Let us hope that in the\\nnew era which has dawned upon this coast, peace-\\nful, happy homes and seaside cottages shall line the\\navenues and surround the squares of Halifax Beach.\\nThe railroad from the St. Johns to Ormond, con-\\nnecting with the J. T. K. W. railway, insures\\nthe steady growth and prosperity of the place.\\nIndustrial a?id Educational Statistics. Dealers in\\ngeneral merchandise, two, each having long, sub-\\nstantial steamboat wharves real estate dealers, one\\ncarpenters, five one each of blacksmiths, shoe-\\nmakers, painters, machinists, dairyman, draughts-\\nman, wagon-maker and taxidermist Ormond Arte-\\nsian Well Co. Resident clergymen, 2 school-\\nteachers, 3 truck farmers, 15 orange growers, 82\\nboarding-houses, 3 grove-makers (contractors), 6\\nbarbers, 2 boat-builders, 2 teamsters, 5 Ormond\\nCornet Band has 12 pieces. The municipal gov-\\nei^nment is organized under a state law. The\\nguardian spirit of Ormond and the upper Halifax,\\nwho looks after the interests of that region, bringing\\nthither the best breeds of stock and poultr} and in-\\nducing the citizens to send their fruits for exhibi-\\ntion, and attends the World s Fairs to call attention\\nto them and see that the prizes go where they be-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0066.jp2"}, "67": {"fulltext": "Growth of tpie Coast. 59\\nlong, and who keeps a peniianent museum in Jack-\\nsonville of all the coast products\u00e2\u0080\u0094 is John Anderson.\\nHolly Hill. This is a pleasant and promising vil-\\nlage of 15 families. It has a post-office and store\\nand job-printing office. It is three miles south of\\nOrmond, on the bank of the same river, and 15\\nmiles north of the inlet. The river front was en-\\ntered as a homestead by a Mr. Baxter, from Wash-\\nington, D. C. The place was named by Mr. Flem-\\ning in honor of his old home in Delaware. The\\nlands back of the settlement are a part of the Fitch\\ngrant, latterly owned by Mr. Fleming. The Con-\\ngregational Church is supplied by a minister from\\nDaytona. Fortv acres of hammock and two river\\nfront lots are reserved for an Episcopal Church.\\nRiver front lots are worth $500 to $Soo building\\nlots back from the river, $300 to $400 hammock\\nland, from $75 to $150 per acre, according to loca-\\ntion and quality. The railroad will greatly aid this\\nplace. There is a school here of 15 pupils.\\nDaytona. The Gem of the Coast stands on a\\nridge of high hammock on the west bank of Halifax\\nRiver, 12 miles from the inlet. Its beginning hap-\\npened in this wise In April, 1S70, while the writer\\nwas in Jacksonville, he met three western men look-\\ning for a chance for investments, and invited them\\ndown to Port Orange to look at the country. They\\nwere Mr. Day, of Mansfield, Ohio, Judge Linden-\\nbower and Mr. Walkley, of Kansas. They came\\nwith the writer as passengers on the schooner\\nRover, Capt. Bennett, arriving in port on the 20th\\nof April, and on the 32d visited several hammocks", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0067.jp2"}, "68": {"fulltext": "6o East Coast of Florida.\\nalong the Halifax, and among others looked at the\\nWilliams grant, an old sugar plantation broken up\\nby the Indian war, on which the town is built. Mr.\\nDay purchased the grant, and in the tall the settle-\\nment was commenced, and named for Mr. Day.\\nOne of the first buildings was the Colony House,\\ndesigned to accommodate settlers on their first ar-\\nrival until they could build for themselves. This\\nwas a wise arrangement, and should be adopted in\\nevery new settlement. With alterations and addi-\\ntions, this structure became the Palmetto House.\\nThe town was well laid out, the streets being loo\\nfeet wide, straight, and crossing each other at right\\nangles. The Avhole town site being a hard wood\\nforest, consisting of live oaks and a varietv of other\\noaks, palmetto, bay, hickory, magnolia, wild or-\\nange, intermixed with cedar and pine, allowed each\\nman to carve out his lot to suit his taste, leaving\\nsuch trees as he liked along his sidewalk and in his\\ndoor-yard and lawn for shade and ornament. A\\nfew blocks back from the river the lots contained\\nseveral acres for gardens and farms. To show the\\ncondition of the place in 1875, some extracts are\\nmade from an account signed H in Alden s\\npamphlet on Florida: These tracts have recently\\nbeen surveyed into lots of from i to 40 acres in ex-\\ntent, and may be had at prices varying from $1 to\\n$10 per acre. River front lots in Daytona are held\\nat higher prices. Not to reflect in the least upon\\nthe inducements offered by other sections of the\\nState, there are not probably so desirable locations\\nto settlers from the North to be found as in that ex-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0068.jp2"}, "69": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 6i\\ntent of country lying between the head of the Hali-\\nfax and the head of Indian River. The most at-\\ntractive portion of this area is to be found upon the\\nbanks of the Halifax. Daytona numbers at present\\na population, all told, of some seventy persons.\\nNearly every section of the country is represented,\\nthe majority being from the Northern States, We\\nhave some twenty framed houses, several of them\\nneat and tasty cottages. There are two stores, one\\nof them sevei-al years established, doing a thriving\\nbusiness, and keeping on hand, at fair prices, every-\\nthing desired by settlers in a new country. We\\nha\\\\ e several good house carpenters, a blacksmith\\nshop managed by a competent and thorough work-\\nman, an experienced physician and surgeon, a brick-\\nlayer, a boat-builder, and a shoemaker. We have\\nduring the summer an excellent private school. We\\nhave a commodious boarding-house, kept with scru-\\npulous neatness. The grounds present a striking\\nand pleasant contrast w^ith what is sometimes wit-\\nnessed in new countries. Visitors here will be pro-\\nvided with every reasonable comfort, and find them-\\nselves suiTOunded with the refinements and ameni-\\nties of the best social life. We have neither church,\\njail, minister nor lawyer, yet there is no settlement\\nof its size, either North or South, East or West, that\\ncontains a more respectable, law-abiding and indus-\\ntrious population. The climate of this part of Flor-\\nida is nearer perfection than any other one thing in\\nthe world. The river front is most desirable. A\\nclean, bold shore, a hard bottom, free from mud or\\ngrass, a dry bank from three to five feet high at all", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0069.jp2"}, "70": {"fulltext": "62 East Coast of Florida.\\nstages of the tide, a watei- view three-fourtlis of a\\nmile in breadth and unobstructed by islands, a depth\\nof water sufficient for all practical purposes, are\\namong- the natural advantages that at once present\\nthemselves to the eye of the visitor. The opposite\\nbank the finest on the Peninsula is a clear, shelb\\nshore of nearly half a mile in extent known as Silver\\nBeach. There a good road has been constructed\\nacross to the ocean beach, a distance of half a mile.\\nIt is the most magnificent sea beach on the Atlantic\\nCoast. For many miles in either direction it is as\\nsmooth and hard as a floor, varying in breadth from\\nlOO to 600 feet, and of an inclination to the water so\\nslight as to be hardly perceptible. At low tide, as\\na highway it is unparalleled.\\nMark the contrast that eleven years have wrought.\\nDaytona now has I300 to 1500 inhabitants, an\\norganized municipal governnTent, with schools,\\nchurches, newspapers, markets, ice factor}-, bakers\\nshops, stores, and in fact everything to make life\\nworth the living, and to enable one to get the most\\ncomfort and enjoyment out of it. There is a Ma-\\nsonic Lodge and a Post of the Grand Army of the\\nRepublic. Of the two newspapers, the Halifax\\nJournal, edited by F. A. Mann, is the oldest. The\\nEast Coast Messenger, edited by J. M. Osborne, is\\ndemocratic, and the former republican, but neither\\nare bitter partisans. The hotels are the Palmetto\\nHouse, by Mrs. Hoey, Daytona House, by W. H.\\nRichardson, Ocean View, by W. H. Trainer, and\\nStanley House, by Gatch Williamson. Photo-\\ngrapher, shoemaker, tailor, dealer in books and sta-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0070.jp2"}, "71": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 63\\ntionerv, jeweler, furniture dealer and undertaker,\\nice manufiicturer, attorney-at-law, tinner, stove\\ndealer, blacksmith, well-driver, butcher, dairyman,\\none of each drugs and medicines, saw-mills, oys-\\nters and ice cream, real estate agents, painters and\\ndentists, two each carpenters, three physicians,\\nfour dry goods and miscellany, three groceries\\nand general merchandise, ten nurserymen, four\\nbakers, two.\\nAlong the ridge on the highest land, about two\\nblocks from the river, is Ridgewood avenue, a beau-\\ntiful driveway, paved with marl, and shaded by the\\nnative growth of forest trees. Northeidy this avenue\\ncontinues to Holly Hill, three miles, and to Ormond,\\nsix miles, there connecting with a road northerly to\\nSt. Augustine, and another westerly to Crescent\\nCity. The southern extension of Ridgewood avenue\\ncontinues straight on through Blake, two miles, to\\nPort Orange, six miles, and on southerly to New\\nSmyrna, and a branch leads westerly to Enterprise,\\non the St Johns.\\nOne of the great attractions of Daytona is her\\nnumerous flowing wells, which have earned for her\\nthe title of the Fountain City. The water, when\\nit Hrst comes up from the wells, has a decided sul-\\nphury taste and smell, both of which soon disappear\\non exposure to the air. Some doubt was felt at first\\nabout the healthfulness of this water, but a few years\\nof experience with it has removed all fears, and it is\\nnow considered as wholesome as any water can be.\\nAnother feature that will attract parents and those\\nhaving young people in charge is the excellent edu-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0071.jp2"}, "72": {"fulltext": "64 East Coast of Florida.\\ncational and religious privileges and the high moral\\ntone of the community, seven-eighths of the voting\\npopulation being in favor of prohibition, and no\\nbar-room being allowed in town. The number of\\npupils attending the public schools is white, 130\\ncolored, 35 attending kindergarten, 28. In addi-\\ntion to these is the Daytona Institute, a day and\\nboarding-school for young women who wish to\\nstudy the fauna and flora of Florida. Miss L. A.\\nCross is principal. There are several churches\\nfour white and two colored Episcopal, Rev. G. G.\\nJones, rector Congregational, Rev. CM. Bing-\\nham, pastor; Methodist, J. Pastorfield, pastor;\\nthere is also a Seventh Day Baptist society, white.\\nOf the colored, there are a Baptist and Methodist.\\nOf Sunday Schools there are seven, five white and\\ntwo colored. The railroad from Falatka on the St.\\nJohns, via Ormond, is to have its depot on Jack-\\nson s Island, a very central and appropriate spot for\\nit. Visitors to the coast by this route will be landed\\nfrom the cars on the bank of the river, and tlieir first\\nglance at the place will give a favorable impression\\nit will be like the sudden rising of the curtain before\\na grand tableau, at the sight of which every new\\nvisitor will be surprised and delighted. The lead-\\ning merchant for several years, and one of the most\\ninfluential men in town and county afiairs, is Wil-\\nliam Jackson. One of the most successful orange\\ngrowers and nursei-ymen is M. L. Smith.\\nThe Eastern Shore, or peninsula, which for years\\nremained public homestead land, is now all taken\\nup, and much of it is improved.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0072.jp2"}, "73": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 65\\nPine Wood Cemetery, laid out by J. W. Smith on\\nan undulating surface, among the thick groves of\\nspi uce pines. There is a regular ferry aci oss the\\nriver here, and a wide avenue cut out through to\\nthe beach.\\nMitcheWs, on the east bank of the river, is a pleas-\\nant place to visit. His plantation of guava ti ees\\nand other fruits in great variety, foreign palms, and\\nhundreds of varieties of roses and other flowers,\\nundoubtedly makes the finest display of fruits and\\nflowers on the coast. Mrs. M. is the manager of\\nthe flower garden.\\nSilver Beach, half a mile in extent, is a little below\\non the same side of the river so named from its\\nwhite, shining shore, which contrasts finely with\\nthe evergi-een foliage of shrubs and of grass which\\nclothe the river bank, both north and south, of this\\nSandy and shelly shore. Bostrom s palmetto-thatched\\nbut ever hospitable roof, so pleasantly remembered\\nby the pioneers of 1S66, has disappeared, and four\\npleasant cottages and their parks, lawns, shelled\\nwalks and flower-gardens, now occupy the place.\\nWealth and refined taste have made a little paradise\\nthere. Just beyond is Botefuhr s. He is one of the\\nearly settlers if not an original settler, is an origi-\\nnal character. A public school was established on\\nthis side the river in 1886.\\nBlake. Situated two miles south of Daytona, on\\nthe same side of the river. It has a post-office and\\nschool. The moving spirit here is D. O. Balcom,\\nof Boston. He purchased the Segui hammock on\\nthe river front for the town site, and a considerable", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0073.jp2"}, "74": {"fulltext": "^(i East Coast of Florida.\\nquantity of heavy hammock further west. The\\nmarl hammock has been drained at great expense\\nby a canal that brings the water into Halifax River.\\nHe is abundantly rewarded by the returns of a large\\nand fruitful orange grove, and by the sales of his\\nlow hammock land at $ioo pei- acre. In one of his\\ngroves he has adopted a novel experiment. The\\ntimber is merely chopped down without being\\ncleared or burned. The ground is kept clear of the\\nsprouts and weeds by the hoe. Mr- B. argues that\\nin five or six years the lighter portion of the fallen\\ntrees will be rotted and turned into mold, and the\\nsoil will be all the richer for having no fire on the\\nground. Leach Brothers have taken an active part\\nin making groves here. Capt. Rodgers, of this\\nplace, has commanded vessels in the coastwise trade\\nto and from Mosquito Inlet.\\nPort Orange. On the west bank of the river Hal-\\nifax, about six miles from the inlet, from which ves-\\nsels of seven feet draught can come up to the town.\\nHere is an hotel, store, post-office and several\\ndwellings, with new buildings going up, including\\none for schools, and town hall. The place is agree-\\nably situated, with an open river in front and a shore\\nfree from marsh. The lands, with a single excep-\\ntion, are high, dry and healthy, and may be pur-\\nchased in lots large and small suitable for buildings,\\ngardens and orange groves. Adjoining this on the\\nnorth is the famous Dunn Lawton plantation of a\\nthousand acres, with extensive improvements of\\ncanals, ditches, clearings, buildings, all or part of\\nwhich may be bought cheap, with a perfect title.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0074.jp2"}, "75": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 67\\nThis plantation is capable of yielding an ample sup-\\nport for an hundred families. Port Orange is an\\nenterprising and fast-growing place. The location\\nwas first settled by Edward A. McDonald (corrupted\\ninto McDaniel) from North Carolina. He came\\nhere with family before the war, and with C. C.\\nSutton s and B. C. Pacetti s families, made up the\\ntotal population of the Halifax in 1S65. This place\\nwas known on the St. Johns and the western part\\nof the county as Dunn Lawton. The name Port\\nOrange was invented by the writer, and adopted by\\na vote of the trustees of a company as the name of\\ntheir post-office at the old mill, where the post-\\noffice was kept a part of the year in 1867. It was\\nmoved from there and kept some months at Sut-\\nton s then to the village where it now is. The\\nabove extract from the circular of the Halifax Agri-\\ncultural Club was a true account of the place in\\n1875. Since then there has been a steady growth\\nin population and increase in orange groves in the\\nhammock a mile west of the river. The celebrated\\nVass orange grove is one and one-half miles west.\\nThere are now two or three stores and a restaurant.\\nAUandale is at the south side of Port Orange, the\\nhome of the brothers Thomas and Wm. Allan.\\nThomas, with very little help, built the Congi ega-\\ntional Church there, a fine building, costing about\\n$2000. Mr. Allan has more than fifty acres of\\norange groves. He has on his premises several\\nartesian wells, flowing through four-inch pipe,\\nmaking brooks of good size. William was the first\\nto settle here. He is interested in gi oves with his", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0075.jp2"}, "76": {"fulltext": "68 East Coast of Florida.\\nbrother. John Fozzard has a fine house and a fine\\ngrove. His two sons are mariners and well off.\\nCharles owns and runs a coasting schooner Harry\\nis captain of the steamer Peerless. This enterpris-\\ning family made their money here within about six\\nteen years. Victor Vuilleaume, merchant and post\\nmaster, has a fl^ie house on the river, and a fine\\ngrove often acres or more in the hammock. Peter\\nJohnson has a large house at Allandale, and a new\\nhouse on his homestead, where he has a fine grove.\\nDr. Meeker has a fine house on the river, and a fine\\nlarge grove in the hammock. T. O. Gessner has a\\nhouse and store, and is putting in twenty-five acres\\nof orange groves. Thomas Savage, J. Vass, Ben-\\nnetts, and many others are doing well.\\nSharpe s Bay lies west of some marsh islands and\\nnext to the shore, and is a mile long, and connected\\nat its south end with the river channel by a crooked\\nwater-way known as Sharpe s Creek, which enters\\nthe river a little north oi Half Dollar Island. A little\\nnorth of Port Orange, on the beach ridge, half-way\\nacross, stood Marshall s Summer House in iS66.\\nThe river hammock there is pleasantly situated for\\na residence, and has been successively occupied by\\nG. A. Purdie, Rev. John Savary (now in the Con-\\ngressional Library at Washington), and by the pres-\\nent proprietor. Champ H. Spencer, counsellor-at-\\nlaw and transcendental philosopher. Port Orange\\nis famous as a ship-building and ship-owning town.\\nAll the schooners that have been owned on these\\nrivers have been owned here, and several were built-\\nhere two vessels are to be excepted, the iron sloop", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0076.jp2"}, "77": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 69\\nowned by J. A. Bostrom and the schooner Wilton,\\nowned by the Mill Company. The headquarters\\nof the Halifax Agricultural Club were here in 1875.\\nThei-e is now a society here for the study of politi-\\ncal economy, tariff currency, labor, capital, morals\\nand religion. The leading spirits are J. H. Fowler,\\nC. H. Spencer, Mr. Allen and John Fozzard. Mr.\\nSpencer has published a pamphlet setting forth the\\nscientific proof of the existence of Deity. Mr.\\nFowler s criticisms and views on scientific methods\\nin philosophy and kindred subjects ai^e printed from\\ntime to time in the Index, of Boston.\\nFowler s Bay, formerly called Rose Bay, is the\\nfirst natural break in the Halifax River shore, of any\\nconsequence, south of Tomoka River. Sufficient\\nfresh water comes into it to produce large, single,\\nfirst-rate oysters. On the south side of this bay re-\\nsides James H. Fowler, a native of Warner, N. H.\\nHe was educated at Dartmouth College and Har-\\nvard University, where he studied natural history\\nunder Prof. Louis Agassiz. For some years after\\nleaving the University, Mr. Fowler was a Unitarian\\npreacher in Massachusetts. In 1862 he was com-\\nmissioned as chaplain in the 33d Regiment, U.S.C.,\\nand served through the war. While inside the\\nenemy s lines intercepting telegraphic dispatches\\nbetween Savannah and Charleston, he was captured\\nand kept a year in prison at Columbia. Mr. Fowler\\nhas written the inost practical treatise on the culture\\nof the orange, and the mode of prevention and cure\\nof the dieback, and most reasonable theory of its\\ncause. Coming here at the close of the war, he be-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0077.jp2"}, "78": {"fulltext": "7o East Coast of Florida.\\nlongs to the age of the revival of practical industry,\\nfreedom and free thought the era of the coast re-\\nnaissance, so to speak cotemporaiy with Mitchell,\\nBostrom, Mailey and others who have helped, and\\nare helping still, to shape the destinies of the East\\nCoast.\\nPonce s Park. This is the new name for B. C.\\nPacetti s old place, a mile from the inlet on the east\\nbank of the Halifax. It has a post-office, store and\\nrestaurant, and Pacetti s boarding-house, and eight\\nor ten dwelling-houses. The Ponce grant, owned\\nby Mr. P., embraces all the territory between the\\nriver and the ocean for a mile north of the inlet.\\nThe new light-house is the most prominent feature\\nin that vicinity, overlooking that level country for\\nmany miles around. This is a first-class light; the\\nfocal plain is 163 feet above mean sea level; total\\nheight, 175 feet. It stands 600 feet from the east\\nbank of the Halifax River, 1500 feet from the Atlan-\\ntic Ocean, and one mile from the inlet. For the\\naccommodation of the keeper and his assistant, three\\nsubstantial brick buildings are to be erected. The\\nlate General Babcock, who was first in charge of\\nthe construction of the light-house, had purchased\\nPacetti s old grove, and was about to lay out a town\\non an extensive scale, with sti^eets and parks, for a\\nfirst-class summer and winter resort, when he was\\ndrowned at the inlet. This place was formerly\\nknown as Bob s Bluft. Pacetti s point rests over\\na bed of coquina rock several feet thick, but the\\nstrong tides are cutting under it, and the rock is\\nfalling into the stream.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0078.jp2"}, "79": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 71\\nThe Florida Land and Ltimber Coinpany purchased\\nthe State lands adjoining the Ponce grant on the\\nnorth and started their village there, naming it Port\\nOrange, ei-ecting a large steam sawmill and opening\\na store there. This company was organized in\\nOctober, 1865, by ai my officers of the 21st and 33d\\nRegiments of U. S. C. T.. then in the service at\\nHilton Head, S. C. The original design of the\\ncompany was to start a colony of freed men and\\nthose who would be friendly to them, on the public\\nlands near Mosqiiito Inlet. Homesteads were se-\\ncured on the north side of Spruce Creek and at\\nDunn Lawton, and at one time 500 families came\\nhere from near Columbia, S. C. Most of these\\nwere displeased with the light, sandy soil of the\\nhomesteads that were selected for them, and moved\\nfurther west, settling, a part of them, near Saulsville\\nin Volusia County others went on into Orange\\nCounty, and some went to Jacksonville. All would\\nhave done well had they remained on their home-\\nsteads their lands would now have been worth $20\\nto $100 per acre, as is shown by those who did stay\\nin the neighborhood. Henry Toliver took a home-\\nstead on the river north of McDaniel s, now worth\\n$20 to $200 per acre. Alex. Watson had a home-\\nstead adjoining, which with improvements is now\\nworth $4000. Both these men have died recently.\\nThey were soldiers in the 34th U. S. C. T. Jesse\\nSilph and Curley, members of same regiment, took\\nhomesteads in west part of the county, and are\\nworth $2000 each. Captain Eliza, a colored girl\\nwho came with Curley at the age of 12, has by her", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0079.jp2"}, "80": {"fulltext": "72 East Coast of Florida.\\nown exertions made a grove, and is worth $5000.\\nJo. Green, colored pi^eacher, homestead and grove\\non Spruce Creek, worth $5000. Taylor, colored,\\nwith but one hand, made a good grove, worth $3000\\nat time of his death. Israel Smith, colored, home-\\nstead and grove of 300 trees, woith $6000. David\\nMorris, dead, left homestead worth $2000. Butler\\nCampbell, near Haulover, has a grove worth several\\nthousand dollars. Probably every one of the freed-\\nmen who staid in the country now owns valuable\\nreal estate. The government of the State, and the\\nspirit of the white citizens of East Florida toward\\ncolored people in general, is so much more just and\\nfair, that for such citizens to emigrate from South\\nCarolina to this region is like escaping from slavery\\nto a land of freedom. It should be a joleasant re-\\nflection to those who invested money in the above-\\nnamed company, that it led the way to the settling\\nup of the country on the coast, and the enhance-\\nment of land values from the government price to\\nabout $50 an acre. But to most of the stockholders\\nwho so liberally subscribed their money in aid of\\nthis experiment, the fact that so many freedmen\\nwere started on the way to material prosperity will\\nbe moi e gratifying than large dividends of money\\nalone. It may also be a pleasant reflection, that in\\nthe failure of the company, its managers, who were\\nalso its largest stockholders and creditors, never\\nmade a dollar out of it, and never tried in the least\\nto secure themselves from loss, but paid out to those\\nwho had furnished labor and material to the com-\\npany the last dollar of the company s property.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0080.jp2"}, "81": {"fulltext": "East Coast of Florida. 73\\nNew Smyrna is located three miles south of the\\ninlet, on the west bank of the Hillsboro River, and\\n30 miles easterly from Entei-prise, the county seat,\\non the St. Johns River, by which it is connected by\\nstage road. The railroad from Blue Springs on the\\nSt. Johns is graded to this place, and in running\\norder to Lake Helen, and is expected soon to be\\nfinished. The high hammock on which New\\nSmyrna stands extends northerly about four miles\\nto Spruce Creek, which comes into the Halifax\\nfrom the west. If the creek could be bridged near\\nits mouth, it would allow the river road from Ridge-\\nwood avenue in Daytona to continue on in nearly a\\nstraight line to New Smyrna but the delta of the\\ncreek is more than a mile wide, and it is necessary\\nto make a detour of a mile or more up the creek to\\nwhere its channel is narrower, and where the bridge\\ncrosses it. From New Smyrna southward the\\ncounty road runs back from the river about half a\\nmile and extends thi ough Hawks Park, 2 1-3 miles,\\nto Oak Hill, 12 miles. Another road runs along\\nnearer the river, through Hawks Park. The Old\\nKing s road, built by the English Governor of the\\nprovince in 1764 or 1765, extended from New\\nSmyrna through St. Augustine, crossing the St.\\nJohns River at the cow ford, now Jacksonville,\\nand on to the St. Mary s River at the Georgia line.\\nThis great highway opened up the country for settle-\\nment, and was the best aid to transportation, for\\nrailroads were not known, for half a century after-\\nwards. Throughout a considerable of its extent\\nthis road is still used, needing but slight repairs,", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0081.jp2"}, "82": {"fulltext": "74 Growth of thh Coast.\\nand putting to shame many of the modern roads\\nthrough the country. The liberal offers made by\\nthe English Government to colonists induced sev-\\neral wealthy planters from the Carolinas to remove\\nto the State, and several British noblemen obtained\\ngrants of land. Some of these were Lords Hawke,\\nEgmont, Grenville and Hillsborough. Sir William\\nDuncan and Dr. Turnbull had lands at this place.\\nThey induced a number of people from Minorca to\\ncome to this country in 1767, promising them lands\\nin three years, 50 acres to an adult and 25 acres to\\neach child. About 1500, including children, came\\nover and went to work clearing up the land and\\nplanting sugar-cane and indigo. But from hard\\ntasks and short rations they were driven in despair\\nto attempt to escape to some of the neighboring\\nBahama Islands. This was in two years after the\\nsettlement of the colony. Their rations are said by\\nRomans, in his account of the affair, to have been a\\nquart of corn a day and two ounces of pork per\\nweek. This attempt to get away was called an in-\\nsurrection, and two of the leaders, having been tried\\nin St. Augustine, were put to death. In nine years\\nfrom its beginning the colony had been reduced by\\nhard usage to 600; no lands had been given them,\\nand their future seemed gloomy and desperate. In\\nthis state of affairs, they selected three of their best\\nmen to go to St. Augustine and represent their case\\nto the Governor. These men were Pellicier, Llam-\\nbias and Genoply. A granddaughter of Pellicier is\\nnow living at New Smyrna. The Governor prom-\\nised them protection, and advised all to come away", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0082.jp2"}, "83": {"fulltext": "East Coast of Florida. 75\\nwho wished to do so. They accordingly started in\\na body and walked to St. Augustine, where they\\narrived in three days. Their descendants form the\\nlargest part of the population of St. Augustine\\nthey are a quiet, temperate and industrious people.\\nBernard Romans, in his History of Florida in 1875,\\ngives all the particulars of this unfortunate colony.\\nWilliam Bartram, who visited this region in 1774,\\nsays New Smyrna, a pretty, thriving town, is a\\ncolony of Greeks and Minorquies established by Mr.\\nTurnbull. He adds in a note New Smyrna is\\nbuilt on a high, shelly bluff on the west bank of the\\nsouth branch of Mosquito River. I was there about\\nten years ago when the surveyor run the lines or\\npi-ecincts of the colony, where there was neither\\nhabitation nor cleared field. It was then a famous\\norange grove, the upper or south promontory of a\\nridge nearly half a mile wide, and stretching north\\nabout forty miles to the head of the north bi-anch of\\nthe Mosquito to whei e the Tomoka River unites\\nwith it. All this ridge was then one entire orange\\ngrove, with live oaks, magnolias, palms, I ed bays,\\nand others. I observed then, near where New\\nSmyrna now stands, a spacious Indian mound and\\navenue which stood near the banks of the river the\\navenue ran on a straight line back through the groves,\\nacross the ridge, and terminated at the verge of nat-\\nural savannas and ponds. Turnbull s castle or\\nmansion stood on the mound, and the house\\nnow occupied by Mr. Pitzer stands on the old foun-\\ndations and over the old cellar. Mrs. Sheldon says\\nthat when her father, Capt. Murray, came there in", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0083.jp2"}, "84": {"fulltext": "76 Growth of thk Coast.\\n1803, the place had apparently been forsaken about\\n20 years. One of the old wells is still in use an-\\nother near by is not used. Old coquina stone chim-*\\nneys and foundations are still standing in the woods\\nall along the creek for four miles north, and similar\\nruins extend for three miles south. The great body\\nof low hammock, about two miles wide and thirty\\nmiles long, near this place, bears the name of Turn-\\nbull its natural outlet of water is through a creek\\ninto a bay on the south of Spruce Creek both the\\ncreek and bay also bear the name of Turnbull. Old\\nStone Wharf, the ruins of which still remain, is half\\na mile south of the site of the old castle. From this\\nwharf an old road leads westerly through the Cotton\\nShed Hammock and pine woods to the border of the\\nhammock, then more southerly thi^ough the dense,\\nhard-wooded land for about three miles. Two\\nmiles of this has of late years been cleared of the\\nforest growth that covered it, and is now in use as a\\nhighway by the settlers in that vicinity. Large, old\\ncanals I unning northerly into Turnbull Creek and\\ninto the Hillsboro River are still in fair, serviceable\\ncondition, though greatly needing clearing out and\\nrepairing.\\nNew Smyrna is the oldest place on the coast\\nsouth of St. Augustine. But it has not been occu-\\npied by settlers continuously. It was vacated by the\\nTurnbull colony about i774? ^d remained unoccu-\\npied until about 1803. In 1836 the whole region\\nwas depopulated by the Indian war, and for six\\nyears it was in the hands of savages. At the end of\\nthis time, when the war closed in 1842, the sugar-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0084.jp2"}, "85": {"fulltext": "East Coast of Florida.\\n77\\nplanters had sold their slaves, or had got them at\\nwork in other places, and none of them returned.\\nProbably the only persons who returned to the coast\\nafter the war were the families of John D. Sheldon,\\nand of Capt. Murray, also Capt. Dummitt. The\\noldest sweet grove on the coast was set out by Mr.\\nSheldon, who found the sweet trees growing wild\\nin Turnbull hammock, and he removed them to his\\nhome, now the property of F. J. Packwood. From\\nthis grove Dummitt s and Burnham s were budded,\\nand from them, buds have been carried all over the\\ns\\nf^T~-~ l\\\\\\niililiilli^\\nn\\n^^^r^k^m^\\nRUINS OF SUGAR-MILL.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0085.jp2"}, "86": {"fulltext": "78 Growth of the Coast.\\nState. The principal bearing groves in this place\\nare those of R. S. Sheldon, Frank W. Sams, Mor-\\nrison Lewis, the Whitney grove, Dan French s.\\nLess than half a mile from the latter, near the east-\\nern border of the Turnbull hammock, stands the old\\nruins of a sugar-mill, bviilt of coquina rock, which\\nwas probably hauled from near the Old Stone\\nWharf. This village has a Union Church, in which\\nservices are held by Rev. J. A. Ball, Congregation-\\nalist a new school-house, a post-office, three stores,\\na real estate office, a dentist, two physicians, a black-\\nsmith and wagon-maker, a livery stable and a first-\\nclass hotel, the Ocean House, kept by Frank W.\\nSams. This hotel, formerly kept by E. K. Lowd,\\nhas for many years been a favorite resort for sports-\\nmen and tourists. Gen. Spinner, late U. S. Treas-\\nurer, spent several winters here, enjoying the fine\\nfishing. The steamer Peerless, and sometimes\\nother boats, make weekly trips to and from Jack-\\nsonville. The Florida Star, a monthly journal at\\nfirst, then a weekly, was published here in 1877,\\n78 and 79 by Charles Coe. A deput} collector-\\nship was maintained here from the year 1866 to\\n1883.\\nGleticoe. A station on the railroad, four miles\\nwest of New Smyrna. It has a post-office, store\\nand school-house. It is the nearest station to the\\nrich lands in the north end of Turnbull, and is fa-\\nvorably situated for growth and prosperity. Charles\\nCoe, late editor of the Florida Star, which was\\nprinted at New Smyrna for three years, lives here.\\nS. J. Hodges, formerly Covmty Assessor, has a large", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0086.jp2"}, "87": {"fulltext": "East Coast of Florida. 79\\nhouse for a hotel, and fine hammock grove. P. N.\\nBryan has a large, fine hammock grove. Joseph\\nBryan and G. B. Bryan, stock-raisers, have fine\\nhouses here. Rev. C. G. Selleck made a grove on\\npine land after he was 72 years old. It consisted of\\nabout 300 trees, and when four or five years old, he\\nsold the grove and a small house for $5000. The\\nroad common from New Smyrna to Enterprise\\npasses through this village. M. B. Rolfe, a skilled\\ncabinet-maker and house-carpenter, has a nice cot-\\ntage on his homestead nearly a mile east of the vil-\\nRESIDENCE OF MOSES SELLECK.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0087.jp2"}, "88": {"fulltext": "8o Growth of the Coast.\\nlage, on the Enterprise and New Smyrna road.\\nHawks Park. On the west bank of the Hillsboro\\nriver, on deep water, navigation for the largest ves-\\nsels that can enter the inlet, five miles south of Mos-\\nquito Inlet, two miles west from the Atlantic Ocean.\\nThe river here is a mile and a half wide, inter-\\nspersed with mangrove islands, and with no marsh\\nin front of the village. The town site is on an ele-\\nvated ridge of high hammock and pine land, in\\nplaces twenty feet above the river, undulating, and\\nwith a gradual slope for about 75 rods to the river\\nshore, which is ornamented and shaded all along\\nwith a narrow grove of palm trees. The village\\nwas regularly laid out, by Surveyor Alfred Howard,\\nin lots 100 X 200 feet, surrounding the square or\\npark. The streets are 50 feet wide, with an alley\\nor back street between the blocks or the rear ends\\nof the lots, 20 feet wide. The common runs paral-\\nlel with the river, and including the streets that sur-\\nround it, will make an open space 14 rods wide and\\n40 rods long, containing three and a half acres.\\nBay street runs along the river shore. About 70\\nrods west of the river, and parallel with it, runs\\nthe new county road, so called, between New\\nSmyrna and Oak Hill about 80 rods west of this\\nroad is the old county road, that extends south\\nfrom New Smyrna, half a mile or so from the river,\\nparallel to it, and joins the new road about a mile\\nsouth of the common. The streets running westerly\\nfrom the river, and at right angles with it, are, ist,\\nPark Avenue, extending from the wharf in a straight\\nline to and throueh Turnbull hammock about three", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0088.jp2"}, "89": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0089.jp2"}, "90": {"fulltext": "82 East Coast of Florida,\\nmiles, where it joins the Glencoe and Titusville\\nroad that runs southerly along the west border of\\nthe Turnbull hammock to Indian River. The com-\\nmon is bounded on the north by this avenue. The\\nschool-house lot of one acre is also bounded on the\\nnorth by this avenue, the lot being on the southwest\\ncorner of the avenue and the new county road.\\n2nd. A street from the river across at the south\\nend of the common to the new county road. 3d.\\nMarshall avenue, from Marshall s wharf and store\\nand the post-office to new county road, along im\\nproved land of D. R. Marshall. 4th. A street\\nfrom Bird s wharf across the new county road to\\nthe old county road. On the south side of this\\nstreet, a little west of the new county road, is situ-\\nat the cemetery lot of one acre. 5th. Mendell s\\naveni extending from the river at Mendell s house\\nand wharf along on the north of his house, barn and\\norange grove, along vacant lots to new county road.\\n6th. Futch s avenue, from the river at north side\\nof his house, and young grove and garden, through\\nuncleared land to the new count}^ road. jth. A\\nstreet from Poppleton s on the river to the new\\ncounty road. 8th. A street from Westall s grove\\non the river, along on the south side of Gothorpe s\\ngrove to the new county road. 9th. A street from\\nAlden s landing on the river, along north of Wil-\\nson s house to the new county road. North of the\\ncommon there are several roads from the river front\\nto the county road before mentioned. These ai e\\nthrough private grounds and groves, and communi-\\ncate through gates with the public road. The vil-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0090.jp2"}, "91": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 83\\nlage center and common are near the southeast cor-\\nner of an old Spanish grant to Geronimo Alvarez,\\ncontaining 500 acres. Northerly along the river to\\nthe Gabardy canal, half a mile from the Alvarez\\nnorth line, is the Sanchez grant of 200 acres, mostly\\nowned, tuitil recently, by W. S. Hart. The gen-\\neral plan of dividing the territory between the new\\ncounty road and the river was into five-acre lots,\\ngiving a river frontage of ten or twelve rods, run-\\nning back to the road. It is a body of hard wood\\nland covered with a variety of oaks, hickory, bay,\\ncedar, pine and palm, and a ride or walk through\\nit among the orange groves is a delightful treat.\\nSouth of the Alvarez grant, for three-fourths of a\\nmile along thebeautiful river front, was the gove^ i-\\nment homestead of Geo. E. Mendell. He laid*^^ mt\\nhis river front in five-acre lots, reserving seve ai for\\nhis own grove and residence. The first-named lots\\nare nearly all sold and partly improved. A middle\\nstreet is contemplated, half-way between the river\\nand the county road, parallel with the latter, that\\nwill divide these river lots more favorably for future\\nsettlers. Besides these lands there was a fractional\\nlot of State land of 28 acres, owned by Dr. E. H.\\nHawks, lying south of the Alvarez grant; 80 acres\\nof State land, owned by Milburn, west of Mendell s\\nhomestead 80 acres of government land, entered\\nby John Lowd, owned latterly by E. K. Lowd, on\\nthe river south of Mendell s the homestead of 160\\nacres of L. D. Hatch, west of Lowd s, and a gov-\\nernment homestead entered by Drawdy, and now\\nowned by Mrs. Alden. The village and most of", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0091.jp2"}, "92": {"fulltext": "East Coast of Florida.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0092.jp2"}, "93": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 85\\nthe residents are in township 17, south, range 34,\\neast. A part of the territory here described is in\\ntownship 18. The school-house is 20 x 30 feet and\\ntwo stories high, and was built by voluntary contri-\\nbution. The lot is deeded to the Count}^ Board of\\nInstruction, which has aided toward finishing the\\nschool room, and paying the debt\u00e2\u0080\u009e The upper hall\\nis used for lectures and other public entertainments\\nand for religious services. Rev. J. A. Ball, Con-\\ngregational minister of New Smyrna, preaches in\\nthis hall every other Sunday p. m. and Sunday\\nschool is held every week.\\nThe Hawks Park Literary Club organized in 1884\\nhas weekly meetings from October till June, for\\npublic lectures, debates, theati-icals c. Budd-\\nMather Post, No. 8, G. A. R., has its headquarters\\nand hall over Durfee s Hotel. The public school\\nfor the session of 1885-6 had 33 scholars.\\nThe settlers here make their living from the pro-\\nducts of their groves, apiaries, poultry yards, gar-\\ndens and fields, and by attending to the groves of\\nnon-residents. There is a physician here a hotel\\nkept by Geo. Durfee and boarding house by Geo.\\nE. Mendell. The bee keepers are W. S. Hart,\\nEzra Hatch, Harry Mitchell, O. O. Poppleton, J.\\nM. Smith. A cash store of general merchandise is\\nkept by A. J. Marshall, who is also the postmaster.\\nThe ocean shore opposite Hawks Park and New\\nSmyrna is as fine as any in the south. It extends\\nfrom Mosquito Inlet southerly to Indian River Inlet\\nabout a hundred and forty miles without a break by\\nthe entrance of a river or creek.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0093.jp2"}, "94": {"fulltext": "86 East Coast of Florida.\\nHere are\\nThe long waves on a sea beach,\\nWhere the sand as silver shines.\\nThis affords a famous field for beach-combers, for\\nturtle-egg hunters, and of late years for bathing par-\\nties.\\nFollowing is an alphabetical list of names of resi-\\ndents and land-owners at Hawks Park and near the\\nvillage. This enumeration embraces the territory\\neasterly from the school-house two miles to the\\nocean; northerly one mile towards New Smyrna\\nwesterly into Turnbull Hammock two and a half\\nmiles and southerly about two miles to the Burdick\\nplace. For the residents named, this is the nearest\\npost-office and school.\\nNon-residents marked with an asterisk.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0094.jp2"}, "95": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 87\\ns!\\nfH O C M\\nZ\\nJ^ o\\nSi l til S\\nt:\\nC C M flg g gj-;; ^M^ -~MU b/jO.i:\\nE^OoKffi;2 y N ;Km^SK \u00e2\u0080\u00a2-)o^Nffi\\nV\\ng\\nSo\\ns\\nM\\nM\\nM\\nS\\n60\\nS^\\nc\\nc\\ns\\n1\\nZ o\\n35\\n.\u00e2\u0080\u00a2Si g\\n-1 B\\ni 1\\nat i\\nbp fe\\nd S\\n0\\n-c S X3\\nn cS -73\\ni\\nas\\nP\\nMass.\\nMaine.\\nOrland\\nBrockt\\nRedW\\nEnterp\\nLynn,\\nMiddle\\nQuincy\\nHamilt\\nNewH\\nEnglan\\nBoston,\\nOhio.\\nMass.\\nMass.\\nMiddle\\nOhio.\\n5 s s -o g- g\\n-P 2 5i c s g Ji s s\\nO -r\\nciSfqcqcq u .a en en 02 u u js xi orj ^q ^tu", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0095.jp2"}, "96": {"fulltext": "East Coast of Florida.\\nC -o o\\nJZ u\\n2 S\\ntS o\\no\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0c 3\\nr, O\\n.^Sx:^xx^2^5.^x ^9.^^\\no K w M J H\\nj3 -fl S -S -a M S2", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0096.jp2"}, "97": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 89\\nc u t: o\\nJD\\nM 2f\\n-r\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0t:; o\\ns s\\ns\\ns\\np^;\\nP-i\\no5\\n0 o~\\n0\\nci\\nz\\nS\\ns\\ne^\\nTS\\ni\\n0) _aj\\nTS 3\\n3\\nS\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0S\\ng\\nJ\\nc\\nm J w", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0097.jp2"}, "98": {"fulltext": "90 East Coast of Florida.\\n2\\nM O\\no\\nO IJ JO\\n-d So g, 3f o 2\\n=\\\\z t;\\no\\nu tuO T]\\n5^ o o\\ns\\n:^-K^ffiw \u00c2\u00b0:sffi^K\u00c2\u00b0^s\u00c2\u00a3 o|2\\ns\\nI i4ir|iislifliiJ\\nSo^o o o o W W g ;5 J fS cj\\nU g cq\\nsis\\ncficfic/2c/5cfiHH*\\nq\\n1\\n1\\nIll\\ni\\nc\\n(i ci St\\nIS s\\n1\\no", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0098.jp2"}, "99": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 91\\nTotal number of names 81. Non-residents 34.\\nNumber of houses 41 Whole number of perma-\\nnent inhabitants 115. Whole number of acres set\\nout in orange groves 120, of which about 40 acres\\nare bearing, and the others are young trees set out\\none, two or three years. Plenty of land for new\\ncomers will be sold on terms to suit purchasers, the\\nmain object being to get an industrious, moral and\\nintelligent class of settlers.\\nProceeding southwardly from Hawks Park along\\nthe road the traveller passes the Apiary of the Olson\\nbrothers, and that of E. G. Hewett, also the wagon\\nshop and blacksmith shop of the latter. There is\\nno finer country in East Florida than this region\\nfrom the Park to Hewett s. It is undulating, well\\nelevated, open pine woods very free from under-\\ngrowth of any kind, and having a good growth of\\nstraight, tall, though not very large yellow pine\\ntimber suitable for lumber. Beyond Hewett s to\\nOak Hill the road passes over a lower tract of\\ncountry on which there are but three settlers on the\\nroad. Near Hewett s is the pine woods orange\\ngrove of F. J. Packwood, who lives on a high shell\\nmound on the banks of the river and has a bee ranch\\nthere. Mr. J. D. Sheldon lived here at the time the\\nIndian war broke out. He used to go to St. Augustine\\nonce in three months for his supply of groceries and\\nfor his mail, making the trip outside in his open sail\\nboat, a distance of over 60 miles. The iTiain chan-\\nnel of the river which is tolerably straight to near\\nPackwood s turns easterly and continues clear across\\namong the marsh islands to the east bank of the river", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0099.jp2"}, "100": {"fulltext": "92 East Coast of Florida.\\na little north of Turtle mound. The water here is\\nabout 4 feet deep. About two miles south of Turtle\\nmound is the new post-office.\\nEldora, on the east side of the river. The beach\\nridge is here 3-4 of a mile wide and affords some\\nexcellent farming land next the river. Major Car-\\npenter and Mr. Nelson have an apiary, also H. H.\\nMoeller. Messrs King, Watson and Sohman have\\ngroves and gardens, Mr. Shrj^ock, the postmaster,\\nalso has an orange grove, and five or more others\\nhave groves who do Hot reside there. The public\\nschool has about 15 pupils.\\nOak Hill is the next village. It is on the west\\nbank of the Hillsboro river, here called The\\nLagoon. It has a post-office, 2 stores, a first-class\\nhotel, the Atlantic House, built by H. J. Faulkner.\\nJ. D. Mitchell first settled here in 1S66 and made\\ntwo fine groves. Arad Sheldon formerly lived on\\nthe mound where the hotel stands.\\nThe bee keepers are Marsh, Cunningham, Clinton,\\nAdams, Howes and Fountain these together with\\nthe apiaries above mentioned at Eldora amount to\\n500 or 600 colonies.\\nOak Hill has a church which is a very creditable\\naffair for a place of that size. Rev. Mr. Wicks,\\nCongregationalist is settled there. There are in the\\npublic schools for whites 21 pupils, for colored, 9\\npupils. Most of the settlers are from north and\\nwest. Hon. H. S. Adams, Assemblyman from\\nVolusia Co., and Mr. Beny, are from Missouri.\\nL. Allen, formerly from Boston Messrs Hatch and\\nBaker, from Maine. Thomas Adams from Mass.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0100.jp2"}, "101": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 93\\nW. C. Howes, P. M., is up from the Cape, has\\nlived ill Boston, where Mrs. Howes taught music\\nat the Perkins Institute she has crossed the Atlantic\\nseveral times. Mr. Goodrich, from Philadelphia is\\nan old settler here, he and four sons have homes and\\ngroves a mile from the river. Several Texas fami-\\nlies recently settled here, are making large groves.\\nHolden of Swampscott, Mass., is making large ad-\\nditions to his grove. Henderson Williams, colored\\nhas a nice hammock grove. Counting up all on\\nthe main land, within five miles of the post office\\nthere are about 230 acres of orange groves, about\\none-fourth of which have borne fruit.\\nThe Atlantic House at this place was built here\\nwith special reference to the convenience of sports-\\nmen and tourists. Its management is first-class in\\nevery respect, and its good reputation is national.\\nFrom this place south to the Haulover is a body\\nof excellent orange and vegetable land. Sanchez\\nand Campbell, colored men, liave made groves there\\nworth several thousand dollars each. The vege-\\ntables raised there by Mr. Vann, are justly famous\\nall along the coast.\\nLa Grange has a post-office and store, four miles\\nN. W. ofTitusville.\\nTitusville^ the County site of Brevard County, is\\npleasantly situated on the west bank of Indian river,\\nat what was formerly called Sand Point, 10 miles\\nbelow the Haulover canal. It is the terminus of the\\nrailroad from Enterprise, which connects it with the\\noutside world. The steamer Rock Ledge and\\nothers run from this place to the various towns and", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0101.jp2"}, "102": {"fulltext": "94 East Coast of Florida.\\nlandings along the river. There are two hotels,\\nthe Land House and the Titus House. There are\\nsix stores, two saloons and a lumber yard. There\\nis a school-house, and newspaper, the Indian River\\nStar.\\nCity Point, 15 miles south of Titusville, P. O. and\\none store.\\nMerritfs is a post-office on the east side of the\\nriver on Merritt s Island, 17 miles from Titusville.\\nIt has a school house.\\nCanaveral a post-office at the light-house. The\\ncelebrated Burnham grove on the east bank of\\nBanana river at the place where the peninsula is 5\\nmiles wide.\\nCocoa is on the west bank of the river 19 miles\\nsouth of Titusville, and only a mile north of Rock\\nLedge. The territory between will no doubt even-\\ntually and soon be built up and become one place.\\nIt is only 3 miles from Steamboat landing on the St.\\nJohn s river. This has been the usual route for\\nfreight and passengers to and from the Indian River.\\nBut the opening of the R. R. to Titusville changed\\nall that. Steamers will run from Sanford to the\\nlanding back of Cocoa and Rock Ledge in winter\\nfor the accomodation of sportsmen and tourists.\\nThere are here 6 stores, a hotel and school house.\\nRock Ledge. Situated on the west bank of the\\nIndian River, opposite to Merritt s Island, 30 miles\\nsouth of Titusville. The river here is a mile and a\\nhalf wide. Small steamers can run up the St.\\nJohns into lake Winder, to within three miles of\\nthis place, but its quickest route of transportation is", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0102.jp2"}, "103": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. g5\\nby steamers to Titusville, thence by rail road to\\neverywhere. Good hotel accommodations here,\\nIndian River Hotel, the largest on the river, post-\\noffice and stores. Three churches, viz. Episco-\\npalian, Presbyterian and Methodist. Two schools\\nof 25 and 20 pupils. Number of orange groves 40.\\nGeorgiamia has a post-office, boarding house and\\nstore on Merritt s Island, and is the center of a grow-\\ning, and already thickly settled community. It is\\n25 miles from Titusville.\\nEau Gallic at the mouth of Eau Gallie River,\\nformerly Elbow Creek on the west bank of Indian\\nRiver, 40 miles south of Titusville. At this point\\nLt. Gov. Gleason intended to have a canal cut\\nthrough to Lake Washington on the St. Johns, a\\ndistance of about five miles. This was the place\\nfirst selected as the seat of the State Agricultural\\nCollege, and a building made of coquina rock was\\nerected for one of the college buildings. This is\\nthe home of Lt. Gov. Gleason, who named the\\nplace. The town is opposite the lower end of\\nMerritt s Island. The land here is underlaid with\\ncoquina rock which crops out on the river bank,\\nmaking a bold deep shore. The place has a post-\\noffice, store and hotel, and a saw mill and quite a\\nnumber of residences. There is a water power on\\nthe Eau Gallie river that might be used for mills or\\nmachiner}^ Good orange land can be had for $25\\nper acre. The town should have been named Glea-\\nson in honor of the man who has been so active in\\nsettling and improving the place.\\nTropic is at the lower end of Merritt s Island, post-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0103.jp2"}, "104": {"fulltext": "g6 East Coast of Florida.\\noffice lot, no stores or hotels. It commands a fine\\nview of the west shore of Indian River and Banana\\nRiver, which is 3 miles wide at that point.\\nMelbourne, situated 4 miles south of Eau Gallic,\\nhas post-office, two stores, two hotels. The water\\nis shallow and the wharves are a quarter of a mile\\nlong. Qiiite a number of English settlers there.\\nMalabar. Situated 9 miles south of Eau Gallic,\\nlias a post-office, store, two hotels and several board-\\ning houses.\\nCape Malabar is usually supposed to be on the out-\\nside, extending into the ocean. It is a sandbar ex-\\ntending into the Indian River from its west bank,\\nhalf a mile or so.\\nMicco. A post-office 16 miles south of Eau Gallic.\\nSebastian. Situated on the west bank of the\\nIndian River, which is here 3 miles wide, 65 miles\\nsouth of Titusville, and 24 miles north of Indian\\nRiver Inlet, and 8 miles north of Narrows P. O.\\nand 5 miles from Micco P. O. The scenery on the\\nSt. Sebastian River is beautiful. This is the largest\\ntributary to the Indiaii River, and is navigable for\\n7 miles. School a mile north of the post-office,\\nwith 25 pupils. The steamer Rock Ledge plys\\nbetween Melbourne and Titusville, and intermedi-\\nate landings. Rich hammock lands, both high and\\nlow, at prices varying from $10 to $150, according\\nto location and quality. Plenty of fine fish and\\ngame. There is a store of general merchandise,\\na post-office, and boarding house, kept by S.\\nK itching.\\nNarroios post-office is 16 miles north of Indian", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0104.jp2"}, "105": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast,\\n97\\nRiver Inlet and about 30 miles south of Eau Gallic.\\nThis is in the oyster region.\\n6 Lucie is a pleasantly located village on the w^est\\nbank of Indian River, 3 miles south of the inlet, and\\nI mile south of Old Fort Capron, and 45 miles north\\nof Jupiter. It has a post-office, a store, and a first-\\nclass hotel, and a school of 30 pupils. The entire\\nlooking south from wharf road, haw-ks park.\\nbluff from Capron to St. Lucie River is settled up,\\nso is Mount Elizabeth. Mr. James Paine, the post\\nmaster here, has cocoanut trees in bearing.\\nEden is 15 miles south of St. Lucie, has post-\\noffice, hotel and store.\\nWave Land is a post-office kept in a private dwell-\\ning. The settlement is on the peninsula between", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0105.jp2"}, "106": {"fulltext": "98 East Coast of Florida.\\nIndian and St. Lucie Rivers, and this peninsula is 2\\nmiles wide and 4 miles long, covered vs^ith a dense\\nsemi tropical forest, of which some of the principal\\ntrees are inastic, India rubber, quassia, gum elemo,\\nsea grape and pigeon plum. Soil sandy, but suited\\nto such tropical fruits as have been tried there.\\nSituated 20 miles north of Jupiter, and 2 miles from\\nthe Sea. Settlement commenced in 1880. Fine\\nmild climate average range of mercury in winter\\n1 65\u00c2\u00b0, in summer 85\u00c2\u00b0 lowest\\nin winter 45^, highest in\\nI\\nfzjm^^\\n^am^s^z^Sgtimm^\\nz^m\\nM\\n-1\\nuAjj\\nif\\n^\u00e2\u0096\u00a0m\\n|te%i^\\nHOTEL INDIAN RIVER, ROCK LEDGE.\\nsummer 95\u00c2\u00b0. Disease is said to be almost unknown.\\nThe good land is on the river front. Half a mile or\\nso back are the pine barrens that extend to Lake\\nOkechobee. Good land is from $15 to $100 per\\nacre, according to location and improvements. The\\nsettlers are making orange groves, but the raising\\nof pine apples, and garden vegetables for northern\\nmarkets is the chief industry.\\nJtipiter Light-house and Life-saving Station.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0106.jp2"}, "107": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. 99\\nPassengers for Lake Worth by boat down Indian\\nRiver, change here and go by stage the remainder\\nof their journey.\\nLake Worth, eight miles south of Jupiter, has\\npost-office, two large stores of general merchand-\\nise, each of the owners having schooners which\\nbring their goods, also lumber for the settle-\\nment, and carry away the various products to\\nmarket. Thousands of bushels of tomatoes are\\nshipped from here every winter, also various other\\nvegetables. Mr. M. W. Dimick, an enthusiastic\\nsettler there, says: No part of the globe can\\nexcel this section for health, and our Gulf Stream\\nis our everlasting protection from frost, conse-\\nquently we grow the finest fruits that grow under\\nthe tropics. And to sum all up (in a nut shell)\\nLake Worth is the Paradise of the world. The\\nhotel, Cocoanut Grove House, b}^ Capt. E. N.\\nDimick, was crowded during the season of 1885-6\\nit was visited by parties from all the northern states\\nand from Europe. A Mr. McCormick lately pur-\\nchased A. Geer s place for $10,000 and intends to\\nbuild a splendid mansion there in the winter of 18S6-\\n7. Others are intending to build the same season.\\nA fine school house has been built by the ladies\\nsewing society, the number of pupils being 20\\nseveral live too far away to attend the school.\\nWhen Mr. Dimick and his small colony settled\\nthere in 1875, the only three settlers on the lake\\nwere Wm. and Benj. Lanehart and Charles Moore\\nnow the .settlement numbers 163 souls. The old\\nsettlers have good buildings, and choice tropicals in", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0107.jp2"}, "108": {"fulltext": "loo East Coast of Florida.\\nbearing. Price of land from $20 to $500 per acre,\\naccording to location and improvements,\\nFigula. A post-office on Lake Worth, seven\\nmiles south of Lake Worth P. O. The next post-\\noffice is Biscayne, on the vs^est bank of the bay of\\nSCENE ON INDIAN RIVER.\\nthat name, six miles north of Miami, and within\\nhalf a mile of an arm of the Everglades.\\nMiami. The shire town of Brevard County at\\nthe mouth of Miami River, on west bank of Bis-\\ncayne Bay perhaps the most common trading-post\\nfor the Seminole Indians, who live not far away.\\nEverything will grow here, which perhaps accounts\\nfor there being but little raised. Lemons, limes,", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0108.jp2"}, "109": {"fulltext": "Growth of the Coast. ioi\\nguavas grow without care or attention. It is to be\\nlioped that missionaries will be sent here to the\\nSeminoles. The kind required would be a man\\nand wife intelligent enough to instruct the natives\\nhow to make decent cabins to live in to use axes\\nand hoes and other tools to use water, soap and\\ntowels to make clothing, and finally to teach them\\nto read. The education should be purely secular\\nand moral. This place is mentioned in the last\\nchapter.\\nCocoanut Grove. A post-ofRce six miles south of\\nMiami.\\nCutter is a post-office and settlement at the In-\\ndian hunting-grounds, on the west shore of Bis-\\ncayne Bay, lo miles south of Miami, and lo miles\\nfrom the Everglades. It has a tropical climate, and\\nthe tenderest West India fruits grow to perfection.\\nThe settlement is in township 55 south, range 40\\neast. With the best of lands, the best of climates,\\nand a perfectly healthy location, it must eventually\\nbecome the horticulturists paradise.\\nOne of the most important improvements on the\\nEast Coast is the establishment of life-saving stations\\nand houses of refuge along the shore. At these\\nthere is kept always on hand a supply of provisions\\nand blankets for the comfort of the shipwrecked\\nsailors and others. Following is the life-saving ser-\\nvice, 7th district Frank W. Sams, New Smyrna,\\nSupei-intendent stations: ist, Indian River, eleven\\nmiles north of the inlet, in latitude 27 40, Chas. A.\\nStockel, keeper, address Eau Gallic 2nd, Gilbert s\\nBar, at St. Lucie Rocks, north of inlet, latitude 27\u00c2\u00b0", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0109.jp2"}, "110": {"fulltext": "I02 East Coast of Florida.\\n12, keeper Samuel F. Bunker, St. Lucie; 3d, Or-\\nange Grove, south end of Lake Worth, 32 miles\\nsouth of Jupiter, latitude 26*^ 27. 30, kept by Ste-\\nphen Andrews 4th, Fort Lauderdale, seven miles\\nnorth of Nev^ River Inlet, latitude 26\u00c2\u00b0 8, address\\nBiscayne 5th, Biscayne Bay, ten mile s north of\\nBoca Ratoms, Narrows cut, latitude 25^ 54. 10,\\nkeeper John T. Peacock, Miami. Between these\\nstations guide-boards are put up at every mile, tell-\\ninof the distance to the nearest station.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0110.jp2"}, "111": {"fulltext": "Shipwrecks on the Coast. 103\\nCHAPTER V. Shipwrecks on the East\\nCoast.\\nThe breakers were right beneath her bows;\\nShe drifted, a dreary wreck.\\nShe struck where the white and fleecy waves\\nLooked soft as carded wool.\\nLongfellow.\\nIn 1866, when the inill company first began oper-\\nations at what is now Ponce s Park, the old wreck\\nof the steamer Narragansett was some distance in-\\nland from the shore. Since then the sand shore has\\nbeen washed away, and the old wreck, though stand-\\ning still as a light-house, now finds itself in deep\\nwater again. It must be now a half a century since\\nthe Old Narragansett went ashore. It was on a\\nbright and calm summer morning; the passengers,\\nconsisting partly of ladies, bound for New Orleans\\nwere all saved without any trouble. During the\\nbluest times of 1867 or 8, when the old mill was\\nidle there was nothing to do and almost nothing to\\neat there came a gale that brought a piece of the\\nold wreck ashore opposite where the wreck stood\\ntwo portions drifted in at tlie inlet, and one stranded\\non the sand-bar above Pacetti s, and the other below\\nhis house one-half a mile or so. These were a real\\ncopper mine to us, for we got several hundred\\npounds of copper sheathing and bolts. The sheath-\\ning was in two layers, the sheets weighing 50 lbs.\\neach. That was only a small portion of the ship\\ncopper. There is probably several hundred dollars\\nworth left there yet. At one time the Halifax and\\nHillsboro rivers each had their own channels. They", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0111.jp2"}, "112": {"fulltext": "I04 East Coast of Florida.\\nwere known as the north and south channel. The\\nnorth channel then ran considerably nearer to this\\nold wreck. But however the channel and shore\\nmay change, the old wreck, now all gone but the\\nboiler and stern post, keeps its place, and is a valu-\\nable landmark for mariners navigating the inlet.\\nThen there was one of Swift s schooners that was\\nsunk on the north side of the channel. For some\\nyears portions of the hull could be seen, but a wood-\\nen vessel cannot long resist the action of the worms\\nand the tide. Speaking of the schooner brings to\\nmind the owner, of which, if a chapter should not\\nbe vs ritten, the East Coast history would be incom-\\nplete.\\nPerhaps the wreck most prominent in sight, and\\nin memory of those who were there, in 1866-7-8\\nwas that of the Schoone?- Luella, Capt. Burgess of\\nBoston. She was of over a hundred tons burden,\\nand had discharged her cargo on the bank at the old\\nmill site (then how new and full of hope about\\n100 feet north of where the sea grape stands. The\\ncargo consisted of the boilers and engine and all the\\nmachinery of the mill, brick for setting the boilers,\\nand a stock of goods that cost over $4000. In going\\nto sea the captain undertook to cross the bar on a\\nfalling tide and with but little wind a great many\\nhave made the same mistake. She touched on the\\nsouth shore, and never got oft The sand filled in\\naround her, and she stood high and dry for a long\\ntime, her tall masts answering as beacons and a\\nwarning to other sailors. Probably not a vestige of\\nthe wreck now remains in sight.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0112.jp2"}, "113": {"fulltext": "Shipwrecks on the Coast. 105\\nAbout 1 868 the sloop Martha, belonging to Capt.\\nFrank Smith of Indian River, capsized in a gale oft\\nthe inlet and floated ashore on the south beach.\\nTwo men were drowned, and their bodies came\\nashore north of the inlet. The cargo of salted mul-\\nlet in barrels was partly saved.\\nThe steamer Lodona was wrecked a few years ago\\nnorth of Cape Canaveral. The crew were all saved,\\nand the country supplied with dry goods for several\\nyears. This was in the days of Col. Titus admin-\\nistration of affairs in that locality.\\nAbout that time a vessel went ashore south 01\\nCape Canaveral, with a cargo of rum and molasses\\nfrom oiie of the West India islands.\\nA Norwegian bark loaded with mahogany went\\nashore a little above Green Mound a few years ago.\\nThe underwriter s agent, Mrs. Eells of Jacksonville,\\nsold the vessel and cargo at auction, as is common\\npractice when the vessel is insured. Wm. Jackson\\nof Daytona and Doherty were the purchasers. They\\nhauled the logs up on the ridge with a stationary\\nengine, and took them across to the river on a tram-\\nway, where they were loaded and sent north. It is\\ngenerally supposed that the profits realized on this\\nventure were from $15,000 to $20,000. Within\\ntwo or three years of that event a schooner loaded\\nwith pine lumber went ashore above Port Orange.\\nA large quantity of the square and thick timber was\\nI esawed at Manly s mill. Somebody made money\\nout of that. The most unlucky lot of wrecked ma-\\nhogany lay scattered along the Halifax beach for\\ntwenty miles in 1866. The Mill Company, through", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0113.jp2"}, "114": {"fulltext": "io6 East Coast of Florida.\\nits agent, Mr. Fowler, gave Sutton $600 in cash for\\nit, then hired men to surf it down the beach and in-\\nside the inlet, paying the men $2.00 a day and board\\nand Capt. Green $5.00 a day to oversee the work.\\nWhen it was all safely inside and ready to be loaded\\non a schooner, the company was forbidden to ship\\nthe logs, as it was derelict property of the United\\nStates. Some legal process must be gone thi^ough\\nwith in the U. S. Court at St. Augustine. It was\\nduly libeled in the court, after which it must lay a\\nyear and a day. But some months before this time\\nwas out there came a gale which changed the face\\nof nature at the inlet, washing away nearly half a\\nmile of the north point on which the mahogany\\nlogs were lying. These logs went everywhere, out\\nto sea, and stranded on the south beach, and on the\\nnorth beach, and up the Halifax, and up the Hills-\\nboro. This was so discouraging that the company\\ndid not try to reclaim those they might. Two of\\nthem landed on Sutton s shore and he claimed them,\\nand, I think, sold them to the company a second\\ntime. The loss to the company was over a .thous-\\nand dollars.\\nOn the beach opposite Hawks Park there lies i^an\\nold wreck of a small steamer that came ashore there\\nwithout any passengers or cargo It was a cheap\\naffair, made by putting a small boiler into a scow or\\nlighter, and probably broke loose from its moorings\\nin the Bahamas.\\nSome time in the summer of 187S or thereabouts,\\na man knocked at a door in Hawks Park at about\\ndusk, and asked for a drink of water. He was in-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0114.jp2"}, "115": {"fulltext": "Shipwrecks on the Coast. 107\\nvited into the house, and was followed by eight or\\nnine other men. He was a steamboat captain, and\\nthese were his crew. Their steamer, the Belle of\\nTexas, on her way from New Orleans, to run on\\nthe St. Johns, had just gone ashore in a high wind\\nabout two miles south of Brown s trail, opposite\\nHawks Pai-k. The men were not only thirsty, but\\nwet and hungry. As good a supper was prepared\\nas the place would aftbrd, and they went on to New\\nSmyrna. All that was movable of this steamer was\\ngot oft and sold at auction in New Smyrna. Some\\nof the prices brought were as follows a pair of $35\\nFairbanks scales, $1 an iron safe, locked aird key\\nlost, safe and contents, $1 narrow excelsior mat-\\ntresses, 25 cents each. The wooden portion of the\\nboat was purchased and brought to the mainland b}^\\nHart and Mendell, and considerable of the painted\\nfinishing is still in their lumber yards. In this way\\nnearly every house on the coast comes to be partly\\nmade or finished oft with wrecked lumber or parts\\nof wrecks. When a nice, painted, rather narrow\\ndoor is seen in a rough, unpainted house or barn,\\none may be pretty sure it is from the cabin of a\\nwrecked steamboat or schooner. A few houses near\\nthe beach are made entirely of such wreckage.\\nThe schooner Shell, Capt. Mickells, a small ves-\\nsel with a cargo of sour and bitter sweet oranges\\nfrom Bisset s Hill and vicinity, where they had\\nrecklessly chopped down the trees to get the fruit,\\nattempted to go out over the bar when the tide was\\nfalling, and went ashore in the north breakers, and\\nthe shore was lined for several days with wild or-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0115.jp2"}, "116": {"fulltext": "io8 East Coast of Florida.\\nanges. The vessel probably was got oft afterwards.\\nCapt. Miner Hawks bought several hundred dol-\\nlars worth of Sutton s oranges, agreeing to pay for\\nthem as soon as sold. The schooner carrying them\\ngot aground in passing out at the inlet, and the\\ncargo was lost. Mr. Williams, a surveyor of Bos-\\nton, and other passengers were on board, but got\\nsafely ashore. Perhaps hundreds of boxes of these\\noranges were carried by the tide up the Halifax,\\nmany ot them lodging on Mr. Fowler s shore. He,\\nbeing of a practical turn of mind in some things,\\nplanted many thousands of the seeds, and raised and\\nsold and used several thousand dollars worth of\\ntrees from them.\\nThe schooner Dora Ellen, built by McDonald\\n(McDaniel) at Fort Orange, and sailed by Wm.\\nJohnson, went ashore a mile above Port Orange.\\nThe cargo was saved and the schooner got off.\\nThe saddest fate of any vessel and crew wrecked\\noff our coast was the steamship Vera Cruz, which,\\nwith thirty passengers, men and women, and a full\\nfreight from New York, bound for Mexico, found-\\nered in a storm thirty miles from the coast. The\\nsteamship broke in two and sunk; only six of the\\npassengers and crew were saved. Several dead\\nbodies came ashore on the Halifax Beach, and from\\nSt. Augustine south all along the beach were such\\ngoods as would float or could be driven ashore, such\\nas tierces and cans of lard, barrels and tins of kero-\\nsene, furniture, passengers trunks, life preservers,\\netc. This was about 1882.\\nThe wreck of the Wilton, the company s schooner,", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0116.jp2"}, "117": {"fulltext": "Shipwrecks on the Coast. 109\\nwas a notable affair, not for anything thrilling or\\nromantic, but from its effects on the affairs of the\\ncompany. There was so much uncertainty about\\ngetting freight from Jacksonville or Savannah to the\\nnew colony that the company thought it best to have\\na vessel of its own. Accordingly the treasurer, Mr.\\nDennett, advanced the money and bought the small\\nschooner Wilton, and Capt. Garvin, a bright and\\nintelligent colored man, engaged as master. Several\\nvoyages had been made with uniform good luck.\\nOne Sunday morning in October, 1S66, the writer\\narrived in Jacksonville on his return from a business\\ntrip north for the company. The Wilton was in\\nport and in trouble she had been trying new cap-\\ntains. One had engaged to go with all jiossible dis-\\npatch, but^when he arrived at the mouth of tlie St.\\nJohns River, tliere lay a Boston schooner wrecked,\\nand a miscellaneous cargo of all sorts of goods\\nstrewed the beach, loose and in boxes and barrels.\\nSo the captain of the Wilton just picked up a deck-\\nload of these goods, and put back to Jacksonville to\\ndispose of them. Dennett dismissed him and hired\\nanother this last captain got drunk and fell over-\\nboard and nearly drowned, before he got out to sea\\nhe put back for personal re])airs, and was also dis-\\ncharged. That was the state of things on the Wil-\\nton, and at the mill the people were suffering from\\nhunger. Capt. Garvin had returned to town he\\nwas engaged for the trip, and he secured the ser-\\nvices of two Irish sailors, and with Levi Jones of\\nNew Hampshire as a passenger, we sailed on the\\nday of our arrival. The voyage was pleasant and", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0117.jp2"}, "118": {"fulltext": "no East Coast of Florida.\\nprosperous until we arrived the next day at Mos-\\nquito Inlet too late to go in over the bar. Capt.\\nMiner Hawks, with the life-boat and a crew of four\\ncolored men, came out to help pilot us in. Through\\nthe night we sailed oft shore and on, to be ready to\\ngo in in the morning but when morning came we\\nwere away south of Turtle Mound, and a gale was\\nblowing from the northeast, constantly croAvding us\\non shore. All day long we tried to beat up to the\\ninlet, but in vain. It was neai ly sunset when,\\nfinding we made no headway, we cast anchor, in-\\ntending to lay to till the wind should lull. At first\\nthe anchors dragged and then parted, first one, then\\nanother cable. Captain Garvin then had the choice\\nof two courses to pursue he could run the vessel\\nashore, in which there was not likely to be much\\ndanger to life or he could put out to sea, in at-\\ntempting which there was danger of drifting on\\nCanaveral reefs before we could get far enough out\\nto cl ar them, as the mainsail was torn and disabled.\\nWe concluded to run ashore, and lose vessel and\\ncargo if we must, and save our lives. The vessel s\\nbow was headed straight for the shore toward the\\nbreakers we struck the outer sand-bar, and quickly\\nlightened the vessel by throwing oft some heavy\\ndeckload the schooner careened, slid over the ridge\\nand in deeper water, righted again, and then sped\\non for the mad, wild breakers, for the tide was high.\\nHowever great the hope of landing safely, there was\\nno certainty about it, and enough of danger to make\\nthose few moments of thrilling suspense. Near the\\nbreakers the vessel struck again, careened over on", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0118.jp2"}, "119": {"fulltext": "Shipwrecks on the Coast. hi\\nher side, and the next wave drove her so high up\\non the beach, that in wading ashore the water was\\nscarcely waist deep, though the Wilton was of six\\nfeet draught. We were on the beach about four\\nmiles south of the inlet. Considerable of the cargo\\nwas saved, but almost ruined by being soaked in\\nsalt water and mixed with sand. But life was saved.\\nHow good the solid ground felt to the feet How\\ndear every tree and plant seemed Even the tough\\nscrub palmettoes were regarded with a tenderness\\nnever felt before or since. That night, as we sat\\nbehind a sail, which we used to keep off the wind,\\nand ate our supper, which we had cooked over a\\nblazing fire of driftwood, and dried our wet clothes,\\nwe felt a nearer relationship to, and a warmer sym-\\npathy for, all shipwrecked mariners.\\nOft died the words upon our lips,\\nAs suddenly from out the fire,\\nBuilt of the wreck of stranded ships,\\nThe flames would leap and then expire\\nAnd as their splendor flashed and failed,\\nWe thought of wrecks upon the main,\\nOf ships dismasted that were hailed,\\nAnd sent no answer back again.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0119.jp2"}, "120": {"fulltext": "112 East Coast of Florida.\\nCHAPTER VI. How to make money on the\\nEast Coast.\\nLet me be quickly rich.\\nGo into the orange business raising the fruit, or\\nraising nursery trees, or making groves to sell.\\nThere are fortunes in any and all of these. It so\\nhappens that the most profitable business in the line\\nof fruit culture is the raising of the most delicious\\nfruit, which is produced by one of the most beauti-\\nful and fragrant of trees. The following tribute to\\nthe orange was pronounced by Mr. Fowler, one of\\noiu- coastwise orange-growers, at the Florida\\nFruit Growers Association, in an address before\\nthat body. It is a most truthful, eloquent and poetic\\nstatement. Of all the fruits, we unhesitatingly\\njDronounce the orange queen. Behold the perpetu-\\nally green foliage besprinkled with snow-white blos-\\nsoms of sweetest perfume, or adorned with luscious\\nfruit, whose color is shared only by the most pre-\\ncious of metals, and reflected from the sun-kissed\\nraindrop Called from her native forests in the\\nEast, this queen comes forth in the glory of the\\nmorning sun to open and adorn a day of horticul-\\nture more brilliant than any fabled golden age of\\nthe past. Its cultvu-e may not onl} be i-egarded as a\\nfine art, but as a Divine artr\\nHow MEN WITHOUT MONEY MAKE A START IN THE\\nbusiness and ACQLURE a COMPETENCY.\\nThere are i-nany ways. A man may enter a\\nhomestead of government land and plant orange\\nseeds, making a nursery, so that, by the time the\\nground is ready for the grove, he has the trees with-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0120.jp2"}, "121": {"fulltext": "How TO Make Money. 113\\nout any appreciable cost. A poor man can prob-\\nably make a thousand dollars in the quickest way\\nby raising a nursery of sour seedlings, and budding\\nwith the choicest varieties of orange and lemon.\\nTrees that have cost six cents apiece often sell at 50\\ncents to j^ cents each. Our nurserymen make trees\\nbear in four years from the seed by budding the\\nseedlings at one or two years old. In case a man\\nwants to stay nearer a town than he can find a\\nhomestead, he could begin somewhat as follows\\nFirst, he may bargain for four acres of best orange\\nland at $100 per acre, which he can always get on\\ncredit somewhere. Next, he must make arrange-\\nments for boarding, which will cost about $13.50\\nper month. With wages at $1.50 per day, suppose\\nit takes nine days every month for his board, it\\nleaves seventeen days in which he can work for\\nhimself every month. Supposing his land to be the\\nheaviest hard-wood land, it will cost him nearly two\\nmonths, or 34 days, to chop two acres and prepare\\nit for piling. Then it will take, say, 25 days work\\nto pile the logs, burn the brush, and make a log\\nfence around the field Next, 200 budded trees are\\nneeded, at 50 cents each, making $100 to pay for\\nthe trees and setting out will use up over four\\nmonths time, let us suppose seven months in all,\\nleaving five months of the fii^st year, at about $25\\nper month, which may be partly devoted toward\\npaying for the land say he pays $100. The second\\nyear he can set out two acres more, and work his\\nyoung grove, and have four months time, or $100\\nto pay on the land. In the third year he may work", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0121.jp2"}, "122": {"fulltext": "114 East Coast of Florida.\\nhis groves and pay up for the land. The fourth\\nyear he may lay up his wages, which amount to\\n$300, deducting the cost of clothing, for which we\\nhave not before made any allowance. Now let us\\ntake an inventory of this poor man s estate at the\\nend of four years\\n3 acres of trees over 3 years set out, $3,000\\n3 acres of trees over 3 vears set out, 1,000\\nTotal (not counting wages of 4th year) $3,000\\nThis grove will increase in value every year for ten\\nyears, when it may be worth ten thousand dollars.\\nIn this estimate no account is taken of groves that\\nthe man might continue to set out just as well after\\nthe fourth year. Many cases can be mentioned\\nwhere results equal to the above have been attained,\\nand there is room on the East Coast for several\\nthousand more Money is of great advantage in\\nmaking a beginning, but it is not a necessity. Land\\nof the best quality can be had much cheaper, say\\nfrom $35 upward per acre, by going further from\\nthe villages. Here is what may be done with the\\nready money. Starting with ten acres hammock\\nClearing and fencing with palmetto logs 10\\nacres, $500\\n1000 budded trees and cost of setting out,\\nsay, 500\\nLabor taking care of grove at $20 per acre per\\nannum, 5 years, 1,000\\nInterest on first year s outlay for 5 years, 300\\nTotal outlay, not including land, $3,300", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0122.jp2"}, "123": {"fulltext": "How TO Make Money. 115\\nSuch a grove would be worth in five years from\\n$10,000 to $15,000. The real value of an orange\\ngi-ove is ten times the clear profit of its annual crop.\\nvStories are told of groves j^roducing a net profit of\\n$2,000 per acre per year. If a grove should do\\nthat, it would easily be worth $30,000 per acre. This\\nlast estimate will remind the reader of the story of\\nthe golden mountain that could not be looked upon\\nin daylight, mentioned in the first chapter. Prob-\\nably the safest and the best way for both the rich\\nand the poor man is to operate together. The cap-\\nitalist finds the land, a house, and rations for the\\nlaborer, who makes and takes care of a grove of ten\\nor twenty acres as they agree upon, and after a cer-\\ntain time divide equally the only difliiculty being,\\nat the start, to find the right parties but it has been\\ndone, and can be done again.\\nBut there are a variety of industries by which a\\nman may get a start in life and make a handsome\\ncompetency on the coast. At Lake Worth and to\\nthe southward pine apples, bananas and cocoanuts all\\ndo well, and hundreds of acres of the beach ridge\\nnext the ocean are already planted in cocoanvits.\\nGuavas may be made a profitable crop on Indian\\nRiver, and Mitchell does well with them on the\\nHalifax, notwithstanding an occasional frost that\\ncuts them down. Sweet potatoes are a profitable\\ncrop. John Fozzard raised a thousand bushels one\\nyear at Port Orange, and sold them at $1 a bushel.\\nBy selecting the best land, either pine or hammock,\\nand giving them proper culture, 300 bushels to the\\nacre may be raised, though 100 bushels is probably", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0123.jp2"}, "124": {"fulltext": "ii6 East Coast of Florida.\\nnearer the common crop. Figs might be made a\\nprofitable crop. Sti^awberries do finely, and will\\nripen from December till June. In the winter they\\nbring fifty cents per quart in New York and Boston\\nand other large cities. There is no reason why\\nsugar-cane should not be profitable, but its cultiva-\\ntion has not been much practiced on the coast since\\nthe Indian war. Rice, even on upland moist enough\\nfor corn, does well, and would be more profitable\\nthan corn for forage, as sixty bushels to the acre can\\nbe raised. Garden vegetables do well, but are not\\nvery commonly raised. People fo7 get to plant Poul-\\ntry of all kinds do extremely well here. Hens are\\neasily kept, and lay well. Eggs bring thirty cents\\nper dozen all winter. Stock-raising is pi ofitable.\\nInvestments in cattle double every three years. At\\npresent the stock runs wild, and are taken no pains\\nwith, except to mark the calves. Thousands of\\nhead of cattle are raised in the flat vv?^oods and prai-\\nries along the Kissimmee, and all along west of the\\nspruce pine belt that skirts the low hammock. The\\nmarket is in the West Indies. The cattle are driven\\nto Punta Rassa in southwest Florida, and shipped\\nfrom there to Cuba, some stockmen having as many\\nas 20,000 head. Hogs are profitable, requiring but\\nlittle corn just before killing. The late Hon. W. S.\\nAbbott of New Smyrna raised one year a ton of\\npork, which he estimated cost him not over a cent\\na pound but it always sells, fresh or salt, as high\\nas ten cents per pound.\\nBee culture has of late grown to be an important\\nindustry on the East Coast. Some of the main", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0124.jp2"}, "125": {"fulltext": "How TO Make Monky. 117\\nhoney-producing shrubs and trees are the saw pal-\\nmetto, the palm tree, the orange tree, and the man-\\ngrove that covers the salt marshes and overflowed\\nmai sh islands along the tidal rivers at Mosquito In-\\nlet and southward. The bass wood (wahoo) and\\nmany other trees and plants in the low hammocks\\nand savannas furnish good bee pasturage. On the\\nHillsboro River, within a length of twelve miles,\\nthere are more than a thousand colonies of bees.\\nOne of the most methodical and successful of the\\napiarists on the coast is Wm. S. Hart of Hawks\\nPark, one of the vice-presidents of the North Amer-\\nican Bee Keepers Society. The smallest yield per\\nhive on an average right through the apiary was in\\n1SS3 130 pounds of extracted honey. The largest\\nyield of a single colony was 200 pounds. The\\nhoney raised in this neighborhood has drawn all the\\npremiums at the State Agricultural Fairs, and some\\nat the World s Fair at New Orleans the lai-gest\\nshare of these honors having been captured by Mr.\\nHart.\\nAs to going to Florida to get work, I should not\\nadvise it. Wages are not as high there as at the\\nnorth. The usual rate on the coast is from $1.25 to\\n$1.75 per day, or $1.00 with board. Any man who\\nis contented to work for other people all his life will\\nprobably earn more money, and with it obtain more\\nluxuries, at the north than in Florida. The citizens\\nof the East Coast are hard-working, industrious\\npeople, but they do not belong to that caste known\\nas the working class, who eai-n their bread every\\nday before they eat it, and never lay up anything", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0125.jp2"}, "126": {"fulltext": "ii8 East Coast of Florida.\\nahead. Every man on the coast is a land-owner,\\nand the poorest worker there expects some day to\\nbe able to work for himself. There is plenty of land\\nthere to be had for the taking of a government\\nhomestead, or that may be purchased at $1.35 per\\nacre, and from that price all the way along up to\\n$150 per acre. Rent and clothing cost but little,\\nand wood costs merely the chopping and hauling.\\nProvisions that must be bought at the stores are\\nabout the same price as at country stores in New\\nEngland. With this preliminary statement, it may\\nfairly be said that there is probably no place in the\\nworld where an industrious, economical and sober\\nman, with or without a family, can begin without a\\ndollar, and so surel} and so quickly raise himself\\ninto independent and easy circumstances, as on the\\nEast Coast of Florida.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0126.jp2"}, "127": {"fulltext": "Climate and Health. 119\\nCHAPTER VII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Climate and Health.\\nThrow physic to the dogs.\\nPerhaps the best idea one can convey of the win-\\nter climate of Florida is to compare it to October in\\nthe northern states. The warm and summer-like\\ndays well represent the southern portion, while the\\noccasional frosts and cooler days represent the north-\\nern portions of the JState. There are perhaps thirt}\\nor forty days in winter when a fire is agreeable,\\nnight and morning, in the latitude of New Smyrna\\n(29 degrees) farther north more days would re-\\nquire a fire farther south less would be required.\\nThe earliest settled portion of the coast and the state\\nwas St. Augustine. At this point very full observ-\\nations have been taken by three different nations of\\nobservers, and all agree in giving it the highest\\npraise for general healthfulness, for residents, for\\nsoldiers in barracks, and as a health resort for in-\\nvalids. From the records contained in the Span-\\nish Archives at St. Augustine, we learn that the\\nmean temperature of the winter months for 100\\nyears averages a little over 60 and of the summer\\nmonths 86\u00c2\u00b0, Farenheit. Constant mention is made\\nof the daily recurring sea breeze, which cooled off\\nthe after part of the day, and gave a delightful at-\\nmosphere for nightly rest. One of the great vir-\\ntues of the Florida climate is, that nearly all the rain\\nfalls during the productive season of the year, and\\nthat during the winter months, when rains are but\\nlittle required, they seldom fall. The reverse of this\\noccurs in Texas, California, Oregon, and in nearly\\nall the Mexicali States. Sursreon General Lawson", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0127.jp2"}, "128": {"fulltext": "I20 East Coast of Florida.\\nobserves Indeed, the statistics in this bureau de-\\nmonstrate the fact that the diseases which result\\nfrom malaria are of a much milder type in the pe-\\nninsula of Florida than in any other State in the\\nUiiion. The general healthfulness of many parts\\nof Floi-ida, particularly on the coast, is proverbial.\\n[From J. S. Adams Florida Its Climate, Soil and\\nProductions. Jacksonville, 1869.] The following\\nis from the article Florida in the Encyclopedia\\nBritanica The winter climate of the Gulf Coast\\nis more rigorous than that of the Atlantic. Sta-\\ntistics show the State to be one of the healthiest, if\\nnot the healthiest, of the United States, and its resi-\\ndent population is largely increased in the winter\\nmonths by invalids from the North seeking a moi^e\\ngenial clime.\\nDr. A. S. Baldwin of Jacksonville, President of\\nthe Medical Association of the State of Florida, says\\nin the summary of his address before the Associa-\\ntion on the Climatology of Florida: In regard to\\ntemperature, that has been found excessive in neither\\nexti^eme throughout the entire year, but quite equable.\\nAtmospheric disturbances are not as frequent here\\nas either north or south of us, for our equable tem-\\nperature has been shown to have an astronomical\\ncause which gives us less heat in summer, and less\\ncold in winter, than in northern latitudes. The\\nhumidity of the atmosphere has been shown to exist\\nto such an extent as to prevent those extreme diurnal\\nvariations of temperature which are inimical to both\\ncomfort and health, and, on the other hand, the ab-\\nsolute amount of water in the atmosphere is too", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0128.jp2"}, "129": {"fulltext": "Climate and Health. 121\\nsmall to render it objectionable to even delicate\\nlungs. The fall of rain occurs principally in show-\\ners during the summer and autumn, when the agri-\\ncultural interests most require it. The winter is the\\ndryest season. We have on an avei age about twenty\\nclear days in the month, or about two hundred and\\nforty in the year.\\nBernard Romans, an English physician who lived\\nat St. Augustine, published a history of Florida, in\\n1776. He wi ites Dr. Mackenzie has said much\\nof the effect of the air in producing mould rust, etc.\\nbut though this is manifest at St. Augustine, yet\\nthere is not a healthier place than this in this quarter.\\nThe inhabitants enjoy sound health and reach great\\nlongevity, and invalids resort hither from Cuba as to\\nanother Montpelier.\\nAs a winter i esort for invalids and tourists, Flor-\\nida has been compared to Italy and other portions\\nof the south of Europe, and always with a prepon-\\nderance of testimony in favor of this State. In the\\nJuly number of the Semi-Tropical for 1876 is an in-\\nteresting review of Dr. Tusseg s work on Rome as\\na winter resort, by Solon Robinson. In every point\\nclaimed by Dr. T, in favor of Rome, Mr. Robinson\\nshows, by reference to statistics, that the climate of\\nFlorida is fully equal, and in some respects supe-\\nrior, to that of Rome. In the November number of\\nthe same volume of the Semi-Tropical, T. Elwood\\nZell of Philadelphia gives a very interesting chapter\\nof his experience. He says: From these facts,\\nthere can be little question as to the great superior-\\nity of Florida as a -winter resort greatly superior to", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0129.jp2"}, "130": {"fulltext": "132 East Coast of Florida.\\nany climate one can find in southern France or Italy,\\nand even superior to the far-famed Egypt.\\nConsumption and other diseases of the lungs and\\nair passages are much more common in the North-\\nern than in the Southern States. In the States of\\nMaine, New Hampshire and Vermont nearly one-\\nfourth of all the people die of consumption. In\\nVermont, where the death i-ate from this disease is\\nhighest, the ratio is over 24 per cent., while in\\nGeorgia it is only 3. So per cent, and in Florida 4.61\\nper cent. The greater per cent, of mortality in\\nFlorida over that in Georgia is accounted for by the\\ngreater comparative number of incurable cases which\\nare sent to Florida as a last resort. In going south-\\nward we find the death rate from consumption grad-\\nually and steadily decreasing from Vermont to Flor-\\nida, where it is the lowest. Taking all the disorders\\nof the respiratoiy organs into account, which would\\ninclude, besides consumption, pneumonia, pleurisy,\\nasthma, croup, bronchitis, etc., they amount in Ver-\\nmont to 28 per cent, of all the deaths, and in Flor-\\nida to only 1 1 per cent. In order to have a perfectly\\nfair and reliable table of statistics of the comparative\\nmortality. North and .South, of various diseases, such\\ntable should show where the persons treated of were\\nborn whether residents or transient visitors. It is\\nnot claimed that the advantage of Florida climate\\nover that of the other States is wholly or largely in\\nconsequence of its greater warmth, but rather on ac-\\ncount of the evenness of its temperature the absence\\nof sudden and great changes from heat to cold, and\\nthe reverse. Although changes of temperature do", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0130.jp2"}, "131": {"fulltext": "Climate and Health. 133\\nof course occur here, they are not nearly as great\\nand not nearly as common as in any of the other\\nStates. This is accounted for by the fact that Flor-\\nida, especially the south end, comes so near being\\nan island it being surrounded on all but the north\\nside by water. Another cause of the evenness of\\nthe Florida climate is the nearness of the Gulf\\nStream to the coast. This great ocean current of\\nwarm water from the Mexican Gulf has a very\\nmarked effect upon the temperature of the southern\\nportion of our coast. Besides the equability of the\\ntemperature of the coast, there is the greater amount\\nof sunshine here than elsewhere that invites and\\njDcrmits the invalid to exercise in the open air,\\nowing to the great number of clear, sunshiny days.\\nThese average about twenty a month, or 240 in a\\nyear, as just quoted from Dr. Baldwin. Volney, in\\nhis View of the United States of America, men-\\ntions that at Salem, Mass., there were 175 fair days\\nin a year, while the average of 20 cities of Europe\\nshowed only 64 fair days in a year. The advantage\\nof our Florida climate is not so much in the extra\\nwarmth of the atmosphere as in the evenness of tem-\\nperature and this abundance of clear, fair weather.\\nThe pure out-door air is so much better for the in-\\nvalid than the close, heated rooms in cold climates,\\nwhere the air is vitiated in the first place by hot\\nstoves and furnaces, and then by several persons\\nbreathing it over and contaminating it still further.\\nAnother advantage of the coast belt is the dryness\\nof the surface soil for residences. An elevation of\\nten to thirty feet above tide-water secures a good", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0131.jp2"}, "132": {"fulltext": "124 East Coast of Florida.\\ndrainage, owing to the porous nature of the soil.\\nThe high hammock belt that forms the west bank\\nof the coastwise tidal rivers, on which most of the\\npopulation of the whole coast reside, although no-\\nwhere over forty feet above the sea, is probably\\ndryer than much of the highlands of the Carolinas\\nthat are 4000 feet above sea level. Springy and\\nclaye}^ districts, though elevated, are still damp. It\\nis highly probable that the damp cellars so common\\nall over the North are a fruitful source of disorders\\nof various kinds. There are no-cellars in Florida.\\nOpinions vary on the question as to the best cli-\\nmate for consumptives. Most notable among the\\nscientific inquirers who fxvor more elevated regions\\nis Dr. Henry O. Marcy, late Surgeon U. S. A.,\\nnow President of the New England Genealogical\\nSociety, Boston. He has spent a summer in the\\nmountain region of North Carolina, and has written\\na pamphlet advocating the mountains on account of\\nthe great purity of the air, and its freedom from the\\nferments that are liable to exist in low, moist and\\nhot localities. Perhaps the mountain air is better\\nin certain stages of lung disorders than the low\\ncoast. It will require considerable intelligent ob-\\nservation to settle the matter definitely. Meantime\\nwe may safely fall back on our statistics of the facts\\nso far as they have already been observed. While\\nthe proportion of deaths from lung and throat dis-\\neases to the whole number of deaths in Florida is\\nII to the 100, in North Carolina the proportion is\\n16 to 100.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0132.jp2"}, "133": {"fulltext": "The Coast for Recreation. 125\\nCHAPTER VIII.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 The East Coast for\\nRecreation.\\nThe natural formation of the coast fits it peculiarly\\nas a haunt for salt water fish. The tidal rivers along\\nthe coast, with inlets from the sea at occasional in-\\nten^als, will insure a constant supply until the ocean\\nitself is exhausted of its stock. Among the famous\\nmen who have fished in these waters are General\\nSpinner, the U. S. Treasurer also a brother of\\nJames Freeman Clarke of Boston guests at the\\nOcean House, New Smyrna. A large book could\\nbe filled with vokmtary testimony in favor of the\\nfishing and hunting grounds of the East Coast. But\\nfew extracts will be given.\\nAll this portion of the State is exceptionally at-\\ntractive, with a fine climate, excellent sea beaches,\\nrich soil, and a varied capacity for production.\\nMr. Samuel C. Clarke of Boston was a constant\\nvisitor to the coast at Mosquito Inlet, stopping at\\nthe Ocean House, New Smyrna, but mostly at Pa-\\ncetti s on the Halifax, a mile north of the inlet. He\\nhas published a book on the subject of the fishes on\\nthe East Atlantic Coast, illustrated with several en-\\ngravings. This is rather a portion of a book, in\\nconnection with J. A. Allen, on the mammals and\\nwinter birds of East Florida. In his book Mr.\\nClarke mentions B. C. Pacetti as one of the oldest\\nand best fishermen of that region. He should have\\nleft out the words one of, as Mr. P. has no equal\\non the coast.\\n*Florida. For Tourists, Ir.valids and Settlers. By George M.\\nBarbour, 1883.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0133.jp2"}, "134": {"fulltext": "126\\nEast Coast of Florida.\\nHere is an extract from Mr. Clarke s journal of\\nfishing there, which he kept for ten years\\n1870.\\nNo.\\nWeight.\\nSheepshead,\\n109\\n436 lbs,\\nRed bass,\\n40\\n202\\nSalt water trout,\\n6\\n24\\nSnappers,\\n6\\n18\\nCavalli,\\n6\\n22\\nGroupers,\\n7\\n28\\nCatfish,\\n24\\n120\\nSharks and rays.\\n25\\n150\\nTotal,\\n213\\nHand line, 27 days.\\n1006\\n1876.\\nNo.\\nWeight.\\nSheepshead,\\n90\\n340 lbs.\\nRed bass,\\n60\\n311\\nGroupers,\\n9\\n37\\nSnappers,\\n7\\n22\\nSalt water trout,\\n15\\n44\\nPig fish.\\n44\\n41\\nWhiting,\\n98\\n56\\nBlack fish.\\n125\\n60\\nCavalli,\\n4\\n15\\nSailors choice.\\n187\\n71\\nRays, sharks, cats, e\\nic, 40\\n342\\nTotal,\\n679\\n87 days, rod and reel.\\n1339\\n1881.\\nNo.\\nWeight.\\nSheepshead,\\n37\\n185 lbs.\\nRed bass.\\n25\\n128\\nGroupers,\\n5\\n21\\nSnappers,\\n5\\n16\\nCavalli,\\n6\\n22\\nLady fish.\\n4\\n10\\nTrout,\\n8\\n33\\nBlack and blue fish.\\n25\\n18\\nWhiting,\\n32\\n19\\nCatfish,\\n62\\n305\\nShark and rays,\\n3\\nlOS\\nTotal,\\n213\\n21 days, rod and reel.\\nS 2", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0134.jp2"}, "135": {"fulltext": "The Coast for Recreatton. 127\\nMr. Clarke says the channel bass weigh from i\\nto 50 pounds. He says, also, that some species of\\nfish which occur along the coast from Cape Cod to\\nFlorida figure under different names at almost every\\ndegree of latitude, such as the striped bass, or rock\\nfish, also called blue fish, horse mackerel, skip jack\\nor tailor fish. Mr. Clarke, who has had fifty years\\nexperience from Canada to Florida, says: No-\\nwhere in our broad country can the angler find a\\ngreater variety of game, or more or better sport than\\non the coast of Florida.\\nRomans History of Florida gives the following\\nlist of fishes as occurring on the Florida coast\\nKing fish, ban-aconta, tarpon, bonito, cavallas,\\nsilver fish, jew fish, rock fish, grouper, porgy, red,\\ngrey and black snapper, grunts, mangrove snapper,\\nhog fish, angel fish, morgate fish, dog snapper, yel-\\nlow tail, mutton fish, mullet, murray, parrot fish,\\nsproat, i-ed and black drum, bon fish, sting ray,\\nshark, and an immense variety of others.\\nWhen the mullet run in schools they are easily\\ncaptured with the cast net, and it is not uncommon\\nfor two men to load a dory in a few hours. This\\nfishing with a rod and reel, and keeping a record of\\nthe weight, and even of the time taken in bringing\\na large one to gaff, answers very well for those\\nwho can afford the luxury of a guide and boatman,\\nand who fish only for sport but the laboringmen on\\nthe coast take a more practical view of the matter,\\nand capture the fish to eat. Besides taking them in\\nthe Spanish cast net, a favorite way is fire fishing.\\nA torchlight is hung out over the bow of a boat, one", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0135.jp2"}, "136": {"fulltext": "128 East Coast of Florida.\\nman in the stern to pole the boat, another stands in\\nthe centre of the boat, spear in hand, to capture the\\nfish that are attracted to the Hght. In this way they\\ncapture half a bushel in a little while, of a variety,\\nbut rarely think it worth while to count or weigh\\nthem. It is common for men to come over from the\\nSt. Johns or from the interior of the county with\\ncarts, and load up with fish, which they buy of the\\nfishermen and salt in barrels, for their annual family\\nsupply.\\nEvery kind of fish in the sea at the various lati-\\ntudes of the inlets frequent the salt water rivers as\\nfeeding grounds, and may be captured. Nearly\\nevery kind named above are distributed all along the\\ncoast.\\nMammals and Birds. The great forests of the\\ncoast belt are favorite resorts for a great variety of\\nwild animals, and birds. From J. A. Allen s\\nMammals and Winter Birds of East Florida, the\\nfollowing list is copied Mammals.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 Y^niher, bay\\nlynx, gray wolf, gray fox, mink, otter, common\\nskunk, little striped skunk (polecat), raccoon, Vir-\\nginia deer, manatee, red Carolina manatee, Georgia\\nmanatee, mole shrew, southern fox squirrel, grey\\nsquirrel, salamander, brown rat, white-footed mouse,\\ngolden mouse, ricefield mouse, cotton mouse, wood\\nrat, cotton rat, pine mouse, gray rabbit, marsh rab-\\nbit, opossum.\\nBirds of East Florida Coast. From the bulletin\\nof Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard\\nCollege, Cambridge, vol. 3, No. 3. Names marked\\nwith the asterisk are constant residents the", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0136.jp2"}, "137": {"fulltext": "Tre Coast for Recrkation. 129\\nobelisk (f) denotes a winter visitor. f Winter\\nrobin, folive-backed thrush, thermit thrush, fWil-\\nson s thrush, *brown thrush, *cat bird, *mocking\\nbird, *bkie bird, fruby crowned ringlet, fgolden-\\ncrested ringlet, *blue gray gnat catcher, *black-\\ncapped titmouse, chickadee, *crested titmouse, *com-\\nmon wren, fCarolina wren, jwinter wren, fblack\\nand white ci-eeper, blue yellow-backed warbler,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2forange-crowned warbler, *pine warbler, fyellow\\nred-poll warbler, *prairie warbler, fgolden-crowned\\nwagtail, fwater wagtail, *Maryland yellow-throat,\\nfwhite-bellied swallow, fbank swallow, fsolitary\\nvireo, *white-eyed vireo, fi ^d-eyed vireo, fcedar\\nbird, *loggerhead shrike, fjellow bird, f^^van-\\nnah sparrow, fchipping sparrow, *field sparrow,\\nfwhite-throated sptirrow, tlong sparrow, fswamp\\nsparrow, -ffox colored sparrow, fsea side finch,\\nfsharp-tailed finch, fHenslow s sparrow, *pine wood\\nsparrow, *cardinal bird, *cherwink, f cow black-\\nbird, *red-winged blackbird, *meadow lark, fi^ sty\\ngrackle, *purplegrackle, *boat-tailedgrackle, *crow,\\n*fish crow, *blue jay ,*Floridajay,tpewee,*kingfisher,\\n*chuck wills widow, *whip poor will, *ivory bill wood-\\npecker, *pileated woodpecker, Henry woodpecker,\\n*downy and red cockaded woodpecker, *red-breast-\\ned woodpecker, *Carolina parokeet, *turkey vulture,\\n*black vulture, fduck hawk, fpigeon hawk, *spar-\\nrow hawk, *sharp-shinned hawk, *cooper s hawk,\\n*red-billed hawk, *red-shouldered hawk, *marsh\\nhawk, white-headed eagle, *king buzzard, *great\\nhorned owl, *mottled owl, *barred owl, *short-eared\\nowl, *barn owl, *gi-ound dove, *mourning dove,", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0137.jp2"}, "138": {"fulltext": "130 East Coast of Florida.\\n*wild turkey, *quail, *black-bellied plover, golden\\nplover, *Kildee plover, *Wilson s plover, fsemi-\\npalmated plover, fpiping plover, foyster catcher,\\ntturnstone, *woodcock, *?snipe, tsanduling, fi ^d-\\nbacked sandpiper, fsemi-palmated sandpiper, fleast\\nsandpiper, fwhite-rumped sandpiper, *willet, fjel-\\nlow legs, *spotted sandpiper, *marbled sandpiper,\\n*niarbled godwit, fHudsonian curlew^, fEsquimaux\\ncurlew, flong-billed curlevs^, *black-necked stilt,\\n\u00e2\u0080\u00a2favoset, *brown crane, *marsh hen, *clapper rail,\\nt Virginia rail, fCarolina rail, fyellow rail, |coot,\\n*Florida galinule, *purple galinule, *heron, *Beals\\nheron, \u00e2\u0096\u00a0*little white heron, *white heron, *blue\\nheron, *small bar heron, *little bittern, fbittern,\\n^gi-een heron, *night heron, *gannet, *white ibis,\\nglossy ibis, *crying bird or limpkin, tmallard, fblack\\nduck, tpintail duck, fgi ^^i^-winged teal, fred-\\nbreasted teal, fl^lue-winged teal, |shoveller, fbald-\\npate, *wood duck, fscarp duck, fred-head, fbutter-\\nball, fi uddy duck, fhooded merganser, *white\\npelican, *brown pelican, fcommon ganet, *booby\\nganet, *Florida cormorant or snake bird, *water\\nturkey, fWilson s stormy petrel, fgreater shear-\\nwater, fherring gull, ti ilig-billed gull, *laughing\\ngull, fBonaparte s gull, Imarsh tern, *royal tern,\\n*common tern, fArctic tern, *black skimmer, floon,\\nfhorned grebe, fCarolina grebe.\\nHere is a variety of game, if that is w^ t is\\nwanted, and the most exacting sportsman may be\\nsatisfied.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0138.jp2"}, "139": {"fulltext": "On the Other Hand. 131\\nCHAPTER IX.\u00e2\u0080\u0094 On the Other Hand.\\nNothing extenuate, or set down aught in malice.\\nWith the abundant facilities for securing health,\\nwealth and enjoyment, every citizen of Florida\\nshould be healthy, rich and happy but, alas this\\nis not the case. Providence has not gathered all the\\nadvantages in any single locality they are pretty\\nfairly divided. There are disadvantages and annoy-\\nances everywhere and that, of covarse, includes\\nFlorida. Immigrants from the West must not ex-\\npect to find all the land as rich as a prairie, and\\ncorn so cheap that it may be used for fuel those\\nfrom New England will not see the apple orchards\\nin blossom, nor the fields of red clover. All these\\nmust not be expected in addition to what they find\\nthere. These are exchanged for semi-tropical pro-\\nducts. The apple, pear, and other peculiarly north-\\nei-n fruits are replaced by the orange, lemon, lime,\\nguava, pine-apple, banana, and others. Notwith-\\nstanding all that has been said and written about the\\nfrosts and the cold in Florida, the occasional cool\\nweather of winter is one of the greatest surprises to\\nthe visitor. People seem to expect, when they reach\\nFlorida, that the climate is absolutely perfect, and\\nthey grumble at the days that are too warm or too\\ncold. Frosts occur every winter across the northern\\npart of the State as early as the middle of Novem-\\nbeijcf^o that sweet potato vines, corn or sugar-cane\\nai^e very likely to be killed by that time. Further\\nsouth the frosts come later, lighter, or not at all us-\\nually. When the orange and lemon trees are dor-\\nmant, they will stand a hard freeze but the banana", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0139.jp2"}, "140": {"fulltext": "132 East Coast of Florida.\\nand pine-apple are about as tender as corn. The\\ngreatest degrees of cold that have been known in\\nthe history of Florida were in 1835, in February,\\nwhen the orange groves at St. Augustine were\\nkilled, and that of January, 1886. These do not\\noccur once in a generation.\\nThe frost of J 886. On Saturday and Sunday, the\\nloth and nth of January, there was a strong wind\\nfrom the northwest the wind that always brings\\nour hardest frosts. On Sundav moi ning, at Mos-\\nquito Inlet the mercury stood at 22*^ the lowest on\\nrecord in that region. The ci^op of oranges remain-\\ning on the trees was frozen some so solid that no\\njuice flowed when they were cut open. Pieces of\\nice taken from a tub lay on the ground all day with-\\nout melting. Fish of all kinds in the river were so\\nchilled that they were left on the shores and sand-\\nbanks as the tide went out, and died thei-e,and cart-\\nloads of them lined the shores. Lime and guava\\ntrees were killed to the ground, also bananas and\\npine-apple plants. Lemon trees shed their leaves\\nlike apple trees, and it was a rare wintry sight to\\nsee the bare branches of the lemon trees, and the\\nground covered with their yellow leaves. But the\\ntrees were not killed. Some of the branches were\\nso injured as to need pruning. The blossoms the\\nfollowing spring did not mature into fruit. Healthy\\norange trees were not frozen, and did not shed their\\nleaves. Young, tender buds and sickly, yellow-\\nlooking nursery trees were killed. This injury to\\nthe trees extended from about the latitude of St.\\nAugustine southward to Indian R iver Inlet. It was", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0140.jp2"}, "141": {"fulltext": "On the Other Hand. 133\\nnot like a frost in a still night, which sometimes\\nappears in streaks east and west, leaving regions\\nnorth of it untouched. This made a clean sweep.\\nInsects are more troublesome in warm than in\\n\u00e2\u0096\u00a0cold climates. Mosquitoes are well known every-\\nwhere in the United States but they are generally\\nmore plentiful on the coast than in the interior.\\nMosquito nets are required for comfort in the sum-\\nmer all along the coast from New York city to Key\\nWest and being safely protected under a net, it\\ndoes not matter so very much whether there are\\ntwo or twenty trying to get inside. Sand-flies on\\nthe East Coast take the place of black gnats in the\\ninterior of the State or at the North or the No\\nsee ems in the Maine woods. They cannot stand\\nthe sunshine or the wind, and a very little smoke\\ndrives them away. Horse-flies are very trouble-\\nsome for a few weeks. Eternal vigilance is the\\nprice of freedom from cockroaches and ants. As to\\nheat, there is as hot weather in Canada as in Flor-\\nida but in the latter there are more hot hours and\\nmore hot days than in the former. The trade winds\\nfrom the southeast are cool and refreshing from the\\nsea all through the summer. In the shade it is al-\\nways cool on the coast. The difference between\\nsun and shade is more apparent here than it is at\\nthe North.\\nThe term tnalaria, signifying bad air, has a very\\nwide range of application. But in the South it is\\nimderstood to be a peculiar bad air, or substance in\\nthe air that produces fever and ague, the chills, chill\\nand fever, as the disease is variously called by the", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0141.jp2"}, "142": {"fulltext": "134 East Coast of Florida.\\ncountry people. It is not known what this peculiar\\nsubstance is, but it is inferred, from certain facts that\\nare known about it, that the cause of chills and fever\\nis a microscopic plant or spore that, under certain\\nconditions, rises from the ground and floats in the\\natmosphere. It is worse in dry seasons than in wet.\\nIt is worse in newly-plowed, rich ground, and on\\nthe margins of rivers and creeks when their muddy\\nbanks become dry and exposed to the heat of the\\nsun. Swamps and ponds covered with a growth of\\nvegetation, such as grass and bushes, are supposed\\nnot to produce the fever. In Volusia County, eight-\\neen miles from the coast, Mr. Osteen s family is\\nhealthy, although living close on the border of ex-\\ntensive ponds. People who live on the St. Johns\\nRiver in summer and get the chills, whole families\\nat a time, by removing to Mr. Osteen s recover i-ap-\\nidly. This malaria does not originate on salt water\\nstreams and marshes, in dry, sandy land, or on the\\nseashore. Persons who have had ague and fever in\\nIllinois and Ohio say that the disease in Florida is\\nof a much milder type. Consumption, catarrh,\\ntyphoid fever and diphtheria, which are almost\\nwholly confined to cold climates, and which every\\nwinter sweep off whole families, have no counter-\\npart in the South. Sevei al of these are more to be\\ndreaded than yellow fever, which only occurs at\\nlong intervals.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0142.jp2"}, "143": {"fulltext": "Routes to the Coast. 135\\nCHAPTER X. Routes to, and along the\\nEast Coast.\\nWhere there s a will there s a way.\\nOn account of the peculiar conformation of the\\nEastern Coast of Florida, and the thinly settled con-\\ndition of the country bordering^ on the coast belt,\\nthere are comparatively few direct roads between\\nthe coast and the interior, and these are mostly at\\nthe north portion of the coast, rarely occurring\\nsouth of Titusville. The St. Johns River is a great\\narterial trunk, carrying the trade of its region to and\\nfrom Jacksonville as the great pulsating commercial\\nheart of the State. For more than 200 miles it runs\\nnearly parallel with the East Coast, and to it the\\nroads radiate from various points on the coast.\\nFrom Fernandina, the most northerly town on the\\ncoast, a railroad extends across the State to the Gulf\\nof Mexico also a I ailroad to Jacksonville. From\\nSt. Augustine the Jacksonville, St. Augustine and\\nHalifax River R. R. extends to Jacksonville, a dis-\\ntance of forty miles and the St. Johns R. R.\\nreaches Tocoi on the St. Johns River, fourteen\\nmiles and another railroad extends to Palatka.\\nCommon roads reach out in various directions from\\nSt. Augustine, and touch the St. Johns at several\\npoints, as at Jacksonville, Mandarin, Picolata, Or-\\nange Mills, Fedei-al Point and Palatka. A railroad\\nextends from the new popular watering-place, Pablo\\nBeach, which is north of St. Augustine, to Jackson-\\nville. Roads from Matanzas extend to Orange Mills\\nand the towns near by on the river. From Daytona\\nand Ormond on the Halifax the White R. R.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0143.jp2"}, "144": {"fulltext": "136 East Coast of Florida.\\nreaches across to Rolleston, opposite Palatka, con-^\\nnecting with the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key\\nWest R. R. for all points north or south on that\\nroad. From New Smyrna the Blue Springs, Or-\\nange City and Atlantic R. R. reaches the St. Johns\\nRiver at Blue Springs. From the Tomoka River\\nthe Halifax and New Smyrna country roads lead\\nout to Volusia, Spring Garden, DeLand, Orange\\nCity and Enterprise. A branch of the Jacksonville,,\\nTampa and Key West R. R. connects Titusville on\\nthe Indian River with Enterprise on the St. Johns.\\nSouth of Titusville there are very few roads to the\\ninterior.\\nPassengers from Georgia, South Carolina, and\\nthe States joining these on the west, have choice of\\nseveral railroad lines to Jacksonville, or of steam-\\nboat route from Savannah or Charleston. Steam-\\nships run to Savannah from Charleston, Baltimore,.\\nPhiladelphia, New York city and Boston. From\\nSavannah to Jacksonville the ride by rail is only\\nabout seven hours. The price of cabin passage\\nfrom Boston to Jacksonville is $25, via Savannah\\nS. S. Co. or New York and Charleston line, in-\\ncluding meals on ocean steamers. The Charleston\\nsteamers run up to Palatka, stopping at all inter-\\nmediate landings. In coming to Florida, it may be\\na disadvantage to buy a ticket to a point beyond\\nJacksonville, because the usual local rate is added\\nto the price to the last-named place whereas the\\nlocal rates on the St. Johns are frequently cut down\\nin consequence of so many competing lines. There\\nis direct communication between New York city", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0144.jp2"}, "145": {"fulltext": "Routes to the Coast. 137\\nand the East Coast, at Fernandina, by the Mallory\\nline of steamships also, a direct line of steamships\\nbetween New York city and Jacksonville the\\nClyde S. S. line, established in November, 1886.\\nPassengers from west of the Mississippi River can\\nreach the Miami coast via New Orleans and Key\\nWest. Passengers for the East Coast, from Jack-\\nsonville, have choice of several routes: ist, by\\nsteamer Peerless to New Smyrna, thence by river\\nsteamers north or south 2nd, by rail to Ormond or\\nDaytona on the Halifax, thence by river steamers,\\nmail Avagon or mail boats, north or south 3d, by\\nrail to St. Augustine, thence south by mail wagon\\n4th, to Enterprise or towns near, on the river, by\\nsteamboat, or by J., T. K. W. R. R., thence\\nacross. by carriage to the coast 5th, to Titusville by\\nrail, thence north or south by river steamers or sail-\\nboats.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0145.jp2"}, "146": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0146.jp2"}, "147": {"fulltext": "TJ:[E\\nPublished every day of the year at\\nJACKSONVILLE, FLOEIDA.\\nThe Florida Printing and Publishing Co., Proprietors.\\nTHE LIVEST, BEIGHTEST, NEWSIEST, CHEAPEST\\nAND BEST OP PLOEIDA DAILIES.\\nThe News-Herald is a large eight page daily,\\npublishing the despatches of the United Press re-\\nceiving a superb daily Cable News Service from\\nEurope having salaried representatives at New\\nYork, Washington, D. C, St. Augustine and else-\\nwhere, with news correspondents throughout the\\nState. A newspaper of the people, read every-\\nwhere throughout the State, sold on all trains,\\nnews stands and hotel counters.\\nOnly Eight Dollars a year Seventy five cents a\\nmonth\\nADDRESS,\\np. 0. DKAWEE D,\\nJACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA.", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0147.jp2"}, "148": {"fulltext": "HALIFAX RIYER MILLS,\\nJOHN MANLEY, Proprietor.\\nIs ready at -all times to furnisli the people of the Halifax\\nand Hillsborough Ooas with all kinds\\n[^uilding#I^urnbei^,\\nDressed or Rough,\\nFENCING, SHINGLES, LATHS,\\ni\\nFiDi5Kin$ Lumter,\\nFr^inin^ Tin^ter\\nOf all Dimensions.\\nTurning, Planing, Mouldings,\\nSniitti work arid EQacliiiie work.\\nMill, Wharf and Yard on Orange Island, North\\nend of Daytona, Fla,", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0148.jp2"}, "149": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0149.jp2"}, "150": {"fulltext": "I", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0150.jp2"}, "151": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0151.jp2"}, "152": {"fulltext": "r.\\nH^ Xr^ c.\\ni\\n.x\\n^V\\nv^^ s C\\nA^ -p\\n.v\\no 0^\\n-f, ^W ,0 c\\no 0\\n:)i\\nJ^mutJ .\\\\v 0", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0152.jp2"}, "153": {"fulltext": "im^i^C^-", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0153.jp2"}, "154": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0154.jp2"}, "155": {"fulltext": "", "height": "3586", "width": "1481", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0155.jp2"}, "156": {"fulltext": "", "height": "2609", "width": "1735", "jp2-path": "eastcoastofflori00hawk_0156.jp2"}}